Francine Shapiro Library: EMDR Bibliography

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1. Baldwin, D. (1997). Innovation, controversy, and consensus in traumatology. Traumatology, 3(1), 7-22. doi:10.1177/153476569700300103 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Controversy follows innovation and threats to the status quo in many social domains, including the sciences. This article briefly summarizes information from the philosophy of science and data from studies of conflict in diverse fields. It then introduces two independent contemporary controversies in traumatology -- a new clinical method called EMDR and the Final Report of the APA Working Group on memories of childhood abuse -- and considers them within a broader context of the historical rift between psychological research and practice. The aim is to step outside the frame of specific conflicts and identify differences in philosophical orientation and values that contribute to communication difficulties and associated conflict between partisans. Approaches are offered toward building consensus within the field. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Child Abuse  Commentary  False Memory  Rape  Scientific Research  Survivors    

2. Carlson, B. E. (2005, January). The most important things learned about violence and trauma in the past 20 years. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 20(1), 119-126. doi:10.1177/0886260504268603 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
In the past 2 decades, important insights have been gained regarding violence and trauma. Complications occur in how violence and trauma, their causes, and their effects on victims should be defined. Violence and abuse to women -- physical, sexual, and emotional -- are not rare events and are most often perpetrated by partners or acquaintances rather than strangers and occur in nonmarital as well as marital relationships, including same-sex relationships. A promising methodological innovation in the study of violence and trauma is the use of longitudinal designs. Innovations in treatments for victims such as evidence-based interventions have been slow to emerge; they include eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) and the Seeking Safety group intervention for drug-abusing women with trauma histories. Future research should address increased understanding of variation in individual responses to violence and trauma, matching of treatment to different types of male offenders, better understanding of how culture affects violence perpetration and victimization, and evaluation of domestic violence interventions. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Commentary  Empirical Study  Longitudinal Study  Review  Scientific Research  Spouse Abuse  Survivors  Treatment  

3. Gold, S., & Faust, J. (2002). The future of trauma practice: Visions and aspirations. Journal of Trauma Practice, 1(1), 1-15. doi:10.1300/J189v01n01_01 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
In the new and evolving field of traumatology, the need to keep practitioners apprised of emerging developments is acute. While many journals about trauma exist, most of them focus primarily on publication of empirical research studies. Applied professionals rarely read these journals because they see empirical investigations as having very little relevance to their daily practice. Regrettably, these circumstances foster divisiveness between traumatologists who identify themselves mainly as researchers and those who consider themselves chiefly practitioners. Providing an avenue for bridging and integrating the sub-cultures of trauma research and practice is one of the primary aims of the Journal of Trauma Practice (JTP). JTP also seeks to unite the diverse professions that routinely work with traumatized populations, such as emergency room personnel and other medical practitioners, attorneys and forensic specialists, law enforcement personnel, and emergency service workers. Accomplishing these objectives will require openness to innovation while maintaining high standards of scholarship. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Editorial  PTSD  Scientific Research  Treatment  

4. Herbert, J. D., Lilienfeld, S. O., Lohr, J. M., Montgomery, R. W., O'Donohue, W. T., Rosen, G. M., & Tolin, D. F. (2000, November). Science and pseudoscience in the development of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Implications for clinical psychology. Clinical Psychology Review, 20(8), 945-971. doi:10.1016/S0272-7358(99)00017-3.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The enormous popularity recently achieved by Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) as a treatment for anxiety disorders appears to have greatly outstripped the evidence for its efficacy from controlled research studies. The disparity raises disturbing questions concerning EMDR's aggressive commercial promotion and its rapid acceptance among practitioners. In this article, we: (1) summarize the evidence concerning EMDR's efficacy; (2) describe the dissemination and promotion of EMDR; (3) delineate the features of pseudoscience and explicate their relevance to EMDR; (4) describe the pseudoscientific marketing practices used to promote EMDR; (5) analyze factors contributing to the acceptance of EMDR by professional psychologists; and (6) discuss practical considerations for professional psychologists regarding the adoption of EMDR into professional practice. We argue that EMDR provides an excellent vehicle for illustrating the differences between scientific and pseudoscientific therapeutic techniques. Such distinctions are of critical importance for clinical psychologists who intend to base their practice on the best available research.

Keywords: Commentary  Review  Scientific Research  Treatment Effectiveness  

5. Lohr, J. M., Montgomery, R. W., Lilienfeld, S. O., & Tolin, D. F. (1999). Pseudoscience and the commercial promotion of trauma treatments. In R. Gist, & B. Lubin, (Eds.), Response to disaster: psychosocial, community, and ecological approaches (pp. 291-326). Philadelphia: Brunner/Mazel.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
The authors take as specific exemplars two of the popularized "power therapies" -- eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) and thought field therapy (TFT) -- to demonstrate the influence of pseudoscience in the contemporary trauma industry. [Adapted from Introduction, p. 239]

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder  Professional Criticism  PTSD  Scientific Research  Stressors  Survivors  TFT  Thought Field Therapy  Treatment Effectiveness  

6. Russell, M. C. (2008, December). Scientific resistance to research, training and utilization of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy in treating post-war disorders. Social Science & Medicine, 67(11), 1737-1746. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.09.025.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
In this study, Barber's [(1961). Resistance by scientists to scientific discovery. Science, 134, 596-602] analysis of scientists' resistance to discoveries is examined in relation to an 18-year controversy between the dominant cognitive-behavioral paradigm or zeitgeist and its chief rival - eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in treating trauma-related disorders. Reasons for persistent opposition to training, utilization and research into an identified 'evidence-based treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder' (EBT-PTSD) within US military and veterans' agencies closely parallels Barber's description of resistance based upon socio-cultural factors and scientific bias versus genuine scientific skepticism. The implications of sustained resistance to EMDR for combat veterans and other trauma sufferers are discussed. A unified or super-ordinate goal is offered to reverse negative trends impacting current and future mental healthcare of military personnel, veterans and other trauma survivors, and to bridge the scientific impasse.[PUBMED]

Keywords: Adults  Americans  Health Personnel Attitudes  Posttraumatic Stress Disorer  PTSD  Scientific Research  

7. Shapiro, F. (1996, September). Errors of context and review of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing research. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 27(3), 313-317. doi:10.1016/S0005-7916(96)00035-3 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The development of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) has been marked by an emphasis on research, beginning with its introduction by a controlled study in 1989. However, misconceptions regarding the method abound. A recent inaccurate literature review demonstrates the need for more careful scrutiny. To date, 12 controlled studies have been completed in the area of PTSD, most of which support EMDR's efficacy. Nevertheless, a careful examination of a number of studies and of a recent literature review reveal the need for greater methodological rigor and higher clinical standards in both the research and research evaluation process. [Author Summary]

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder  Professional Criticism  PTSD  Scientific Research