Francine Shapiro Library - EMDR Bibliography Links
Choose any combination of the search options below. If you do not wish to include an option in your search, leave the box blank, or select "Any."
Your Results - you searched for the keyword Vibrational Patterns 149 Results
1. Grenough, M. (2007, September). 4 brief strategies to calm, relax, and re-wire the brain. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR International Association, Dallas, TX.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Looking for calm in the chaos – for you and your clients? Examine findings of recent research regarding the brain’s neuroplasticity and our ability to re-wire our own brains. Learn four 60-second strategies that can calm, relax, heighten sense of personal control, diminish power of old patterns, and strengthen healthy neural pathways. Understand, and be able to explain to clients, how research testifies to the efficacy of these simple strategies and how their implementation can be useful in EMDR treatment. In this highly experiential workshop, you will learn four strategies and explore how/when to use each with your clients – and with yourself.
Keywords: Relaxation
Accuracy Verified: Yes
2. Huber, M., Siol, T., Herholz, K., Lenz, O., Köhle, K., & Heiss, W. D. (2001, December). Activation of thalamo-cortical systems in post-traumatic flashbacks: A positron emission tomography study. Traumatology, 7(4), 131-141. doi:10.1177/153476560100700402.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Trauma victims with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often experience ‘flashbacks’ that are described as being different from memories of other fearful biographic situations. We used Positron Emission Tomography and Statistical Parametric Mapping to compare in the same subject brain activation patterns during induced flashbacks with recall of fearful non-traumatic situations. During fearful recall there were significant activations of right precuneus. When traumatic memories were compared to neutral, right lingual gyrus, right thalamus / mamillary bodies, and right cerebellum were significantly activated. When brain activation during flashbacks was compared to simple fear, right mediodorsal thalamus (MD), right precuneus, and right cerebellum were significantly more active. With respect to recent experimental evidence concerning the function of thalamo-cortical systems, we hypothesize that post-traumatic flashback experiences are based on hyperactive thalamo-cortical ‘closed loop’ networks.
Keywords: Flashbacks Mediodorsal Thalamus PET Positron Emission Tomography Post-Trauamtic Stress Disorder PTSD Statistical Parameter Mapping Thalamo-Cortical Systems Trauma Victims
Accuracy Verified: Yes
3. Knipe, J. (2010, July). Adaptive information processing as a guiding framework for the treatment of addictive disorders and addictive behavior patterns. Presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Within our field, the term “addiction” has been used to describe not only chemical dependence but also entrenched, selfdefeating
behavior patterns. Either type of addiction may develop in the context of traumatic experience. An impulse to
engage in addictive behavior can be thought of as a part of a dysfunctionally-stored memory network connected with
traumatic events.
In this workshop, an Adaptive Information Processing model of addiction will be presented, including guidelines for
treatment planning, preparation, resource installation, urge reduction, and (when necessary) transformation of the addict
“identity.” The content of the presentation will be illustrated with video examples.
Keywords: Addictions Addictive Behaviors Addictive Disorders
Accuracy Verified: Yes
4. Sack, M., Lempa, W., Steinmetz, A., Lamprecht, F., & Hofmann, A. (2008, October). Alterations in autonomic tone during trauma exposure using eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) - Results of a preliminary. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 22(7), 1264-1271. doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2008.01.007 .
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
EMDR combines stimuli that evoke divided attention – e.g. eye movements – with exposure to traumatic memories. Our objective was to investigate psycho-physiological correlates of EMDR during treatment sessions. A total of 55 treatment sessions from 10 patients with PTSD was monitored applying impedance cardiography. Onset of every stimulation/exposure period (n = 811) was marked and effects within and across stimulation sets on heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV), pre-ejection period (PEP) and respiration rate were examined. At stimulation onsets a sharp increase of HRV and a significant decrease of HR was noticed indicating de-arousal. During ongoing stimulation, PEP and HRV decreased significantly while respiration rate significantly increased, indicating stress-related arousal. However, across entire sessions a significant decrease of psycho-physiological activity was noticed, evidenced by progressively decreasing HR and increasing HRV. These findings suggest that EMDR is associated with patterns of autonomic activity associated with substantial psycho-physiological de-arousal over time. [Author Abstract]
Keywords: Adults Germans Empirical Study Impedance Cardiography Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychophysiology PSTD Quantitative Study Survivors Treatment Effectiveness
Accuracy Verified: Yes
5. Sack, M. (2005, November). Alterations in autonomic tone during trauma therapy with EMDR. In S. Woodword, J. Hopper, M. Sack, R. Pitman, & D. Kaloupek (Chairs), Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia: Insights into Autonomic Function in PTSD. Symposium conducted at the 21st annual meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, Toronto, ON.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia: Insights into Autonomic Function in PTSD: Studies of cardiac responses to trauma-related cues have defined the mainstream of laboratory research in posttraumatic stress disorder. Examinations
of respiratory sinus arrhythmia now challenge the view that exaggerated sympathetic tone and reactivity provide a sufficient account of the autonomic abnormalities seen in this diagnosis.
Alterations in autonomic tone during trauma therapy with EMDR: It has been hypothesized that EDMR, by pairing stimuli that evoke divided
attention with exposure to trauma memories, elicits repetitive orienting
responses followed by enhanced parasympathetic tone, resulting in significant
within-session psychophysiological de-arousal. We monitored 10 standard
EMDR treatments for PTSD (55 sessions) with impedance cardiography.
Heart rate (HR), parasympathetic tone (RMSSD), sympathetic tone (PEP), and
respiration rate (RESP) were assessed. Markers were set at the onset of every
stimulation/exposure period (N = 811). Effects within and across stimulation
sets were examined. An orienting response, with associated sharp increase
of parasympathetic tone and significant decrease of HR, was found at stimulation
onsets. During ongoing stimulation, sympathetic arousal increased
while parasympathetic tone decreased, responses consistent with stressrelated
arousal during trauma exposure. However, across entire sessions
there was a significant pattern of psychophysiological de-arousal, evidenced
by progressively decreasing HR and increasing RMSSD.
These findings suggest EMDR is associated with distinct patterns
Keywords: Autonomic Tone Symposium
Accuracy Verified: Yes
6. Selvig, A. L. (2004). Analyzing individual patterns of change in two treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder. University of Georgia.
Language: English
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract:
Two therapies for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have received considerable support in the clinical literature: prolonged imaginal exposure (PE) and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Although PE is empirically supported, its critics purport that it causes symptom exacerbation. In contrast, proponents of EMDR claim that its response pattern is characterized by rapid decline in symptoms. The current investigation aimed to study and compare the patterns of symptom change during PE and EMDR using hierarchical linear modeling (HLM). HLM avoids many shortcomings inherent in traditional longitudinal analyses by focusing on trajectories of change rather than group means. 62 women with PTSD following rape were randomly assigned to 9 sessions of PE or EMDR. Results indicated that neither group experienced symptom exacerbation nor rapid symptom decline. The patterns of symptom change in the two groups were not significantly different. The strengths and limitations of HLM and the studys design were discussed.
Keywords: Patterns of Change PE Prolonged Exposure
Accuracy Verified: Yes
7. Darker-Smith, S. (2008, June). Anorexia nervosa: CBT versus EMDR (A preliminary study). Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England .
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
In treating clients with Anorexia Nervosa, what does appear to be consistent is the general view (e.g. Waller;
Treasure; Brewer) that recovery will take on average between 1 to 2 years with many clients suffering from this
disorder never making a full or complete recovery. 16 clients with a previous diagnosis of anorexia nervosa and
under medical supervision with a BMI of between 16.5 � 18 and still meeting criteria of Anorexia Nervosa (DSM
IV) were offered either EMDR (N.10) or CBT (N. 6). No therapeutic emphasis was placed directly on food in either
the CBT or the EMDR group (e.g. Fairburn). Those receiving EMDR recovered substantially quicker once the target
memory precipitating the Anorexic Onset was identified. Interestingly, food intake and weight increased
without needing to be targeted as a separate matter, once the �feeder-memory� had been adapted in 8 out of the
10 EMDR clients. Whilst the CBT group did improve, they continued to fluctuate in terms of active anorexic
patterns of behaviour and their weight or food intake did not appear to improve significantly. Although this is
only a preliminary study, the EMDR group reached �recovery� at around the 3 � 4 month mark, compared to the
CBT group, who still reported phobic reactions to both body-image and food at the 4 month mark. At the initial 1-
month follow-up post-study, the CBT group were still exhibiting symptoms of mental pre-occupation with diet /
weight compared to the EMDR group, who had reached normal BMI ranges (N. 9) and all reported little to no
pre-occupation with diet / weight. It would appear, on the basis of this preliminary study that the precipitators to
the development of Anorexia respond well to EMDR treatment targeting the precipitant memory. Furthermore, 6
of the EMDR group reported using the safe-space imagery to reduce their anxieties surrounding food and this
may have been a contributory factor in their recovery.
Keywords: Anorexia Nervosa CBT Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
8. Lu, D. P., Lu, G. P., & Lu, W. I. (2007). Anxiety control of dental patients by clinical combination of acupuncture, bi-digital o-ring test, and eye movement desensitization with sedation via submucosal route. Acupuncture and Electro-Therapeutics Research, 32(1-2), 15-30 .
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
The data presented in this article was collected after reviewing clinical findings gathered from using various anxiety control methods on apprehensive patients. We examined clinical applications of the eye movement (EM) component of Eye Movement Desensitization (EMD) on fearful dental patients who have histories of traumatic dental experiences. We also used Bi-Digital O-Ring Test (BDORT) to select the proper dosage of sedative to minimize the adverse side effects. For patients who did not respond well to EM, we used BDORT to select the proper sedative medication and its dosage. In certain difficult cases, we supplemented these techniques with acupuncture to augment the sedative effects. Findings were based on the clinical impressions and assessments of both the patients and the operating team. Results showed that EM, although effective in enabling patients to undergo non-invasive dental procedures such as clinical examination and simple prophylaxis, had only limited beneficial effect with invasive procedures such as extraction, drilling, and injections, etc. We also found that BDORT greatly reduced adverse side effects of sedatives such as hypertension, hypotension, hypoxia, tachycardia, bradycardia, nausea, and vomiting. For most apprehensive patients, we found that EMD and acupuncture combined with BDORT predetermined dosage for the submucosal sedation enabled these patients to undergo the complete dental treatment. The authors try to explain the mechanism of BDORT and EM in terms of visual awareness (or consciousness) and preferred patterns, where neurons in the brain respond to the actions and/or direction of movement. The authors believe that BDORT and EM could have better results if the persons performing BDORT have visual awareness and are focused on the task; whereas in EM, the patient's eye on the therapist's hand movements. A more focused approach via visual pathway will result in more favorable results in EM. Likewise, performing BDORT absentmindedly could lead to false results if visual awareness (or consciousness) is absent. "Preferred pattern" will arouse neurons in the brain to cause conscientiousness, and performing BDORT with 'open eyes' arouse the necessary visual awareness that is necessary for the successful performance of BDORT tasks
Keywords: Acupuncture Anxiety Bi-Digital O-Ring Test Dental Phobic Patients Pharmacological sedation Preferred Patterns Visual Pathway
Accuracy Verified: Yes
9. Dunton, R. (1992, July). Application of EMDR in the learning process. Presentation at the Fourth World Congress on Behaviour Therapy, Queensland, Australia.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Individuals who have experienced learning blocks, feeling of underachievement, and patterns of failure in school and/or the work place often manifest low self-esteem, frustration, anxiety, and hopelessness, causing them to become overly sensitive to criticism, distracted by thoughts of anger, to exhibit acting out behaviour and to alienate peers. This in turn causes a continuation of learning deficits. Since EMDE can be used to desensitise reactions to past events and present stimili, as well as install positive self-assessments, it has proved very useful in the treatment of children and adults with learning problems.
Keywords: Education Learning Process
Accuracy Verified: Yes
10. Solomon, R. M. (1998, July). The application of EMDR to critical incident trauma. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Baltimore, MD.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Participants will: 1) understand what a critical incident is, and learn about the phases of the emotional aftermath; 2) learn about the application of EMDR to critical incident trauma; 3) learn about patterns of resolution that involves responsibility, present safety, and empowerment and self-efficacy; 4) learn what a Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (CISD) is, and its utilization after a critical incident; 5) learn how EMDR and CISD can be utilized together; 6) learn about integrating EMDR and CISD within an overall treatment approach.
Keywords: CISD, Critical Incident Critical Incident Stress Debriefing Recent Events
Accuracy Verified: Yes
11. Callipo, N. (2007-2008). Applicazioni del pensiero controfattuale negli esiti post-traumatici [Applications of counterfactual thinking in post-traumatic events]. Università degli Studi di Trieste, Italia.
Language: Italian
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract:
Applicazione del pensiero controfattuale negli esiti post-traumatici
1. Introduzione.
Il pensiero controfattuale è un processo che esprime la capacità di riflettere e
modificare gli scenari di situazioni da cui sarebbero potuti conseguire esiti differenti
dalla realtà. Nella quotidianità è comune che un sentimento di rammarico – il regret -
venga provato a seguito di una discrepanza tra i risultati attesi e la realtà.
La ricerca e l’esperienza condivisa dicono che, rilevare le differenze tra ciò che
avremmo voluto e ciò che abbiamo ottenuto, ci aiuta a pianificare azioni più efficaci nel
futuro. Tuttavia, in condizioni di elevato stress, come quello provato dopo un evento
indesiderato e traumatico, possono fare irruzione nella coscienza pensieri nella forma
“Se solo non fossi stato così…”, oppure “Se solo non avessi fatto” o “Se avessi fatto
qualcosa per evitare tutto ciò”; nel tentativo di annullare (undoing) idealmente le
conseguenze dell’accaduto. Questi pensieri controfattuali possono sortire l’effetto di
amplificare emozioni e sentimenti come il biasimo, la rabbia, la vergogna e il senso di
colpa. L’attitudine alla generazione automatica, indiscriminata e non finalizzata
all’azione, di domande e affermazioni ricorsive, può condensarsi in un particolare stile
di pensiero – la ruminazione – che sottende sensazioni di disagio diffuse e invalidanti,
come gli stati depressivi, ansiosi ed ossessivi.
La prima parte di questo lavoro è occupato da una rassegna sulle ricerche che,
inizialmente, pongono il pensiero controfattuale nel quadro delle più generali abilità di
problem-solving; successivamente, la prospettiva funzionale, riesce a farne risaltare il
versante adattivo, rilevante ai fini della regolazione degli stati affettivi e, più in
generale, del mantenimento della salute mentale.
Nella seconda parte viene discusso il ruolo del pensiero controfattuale, in relazione al
suo versante disfunzionale , con particolare riguardo agli esiti post-traumatici.
Nella terza parte vengono analizzati i modelli di elaborazione delle informazioni che
riconoscono un ruolo al pensiero controfattuale nella regolazione dell’umore, citando
alcuni paradigmi psicoterapeutici, tra cui l’Eye Movement Desensitization and
Reprocessing (EMDR), ideato da Francine Shapiro.
Per verificare l’applicazione del pensiero controfattuale nel trattamento degli esiti
post-traumatici sono stati riportati due esempi: uno tratto dalla letteratura sull’EMDR e
un caso di disturbo ansioso-depressivo, in trattamento con psicoterapia a orientamento
cognitivo.
Application of counterfactual thinking in a post-traumatic results. Introduction. The counterfactual thinking is a process that expresses the ability to reflect and change scenarios of situations that could have been large gains different from reality. In everyday life it is common that a feeling of regret - the regret - should be tried as a result of a discrepancy between expected results and reality. The research says that shared experience, point out the differences between what we wanted and what we have achieved, helps us to plan more effective actions in the future. However, under conditions of high stress, such as that experienced after a traumatic event and unwanted, they can break into the conscious thoughts in the form "If only I had not been so ..." or "If only I had not done" or "If I had done something to avoid anything "in an attempt to cancel (undoing) the ideal of what the consequences. These counterfactual thoughts may have the effect of amplifying emotions and feelings such as blame, anger, shame and guilt. The ability to generate automatic, indiscriminate and not action-oriented questions and statements recursive, it can condense into a particular style of thinking - rumination - that underlies feelings of discomfort common and disabling, such as depression, anxiety and obsessive . The first part of this work is occupied by a review of the research that initially pose the counterfactual thinking in the context of more general skills of problem-solving, since then the functional perspective, can bring out the side adaptive, relevant to the regulation of affective states and, more generally, of maintaining mental health. The second part discussed the role of counterfactual thinking, in relation to its dysfunctional side, especially with regard to post-traumatic results. In the third part analyzes the patterns of information processing that recognize a role in regulating mood counterfactual thinking, citing some psychotherapeutic paradigms, including eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), developed by Francine Shapiro. To test the application of counterfactual thinking in the treatment of post-traumatic results were two examples: one taken from the literature on EMDR and a case of anxiety-depressive disorder, treatment with cognitive-oriented psychotherapy.
Keywords: Counterfactual Thinking Informational Processing
Accuracy Verified: Yes
12. Solomon, R. M. (2007, June). The art of EMDR: Dealing with abreactions. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
The overall objective of this workshop is to enable the EMDR therapist to deal more effectively, and comfortably, with intense client affect. Treatment of complex trauma, where dissociation prevents the integration of traumatic emotions, often involved the processing of intense emotions. The abreaction can be quite shocking to the therapist who may then engage the client in talking therapy, utilize resource installation, or provide an interweave to lower the level of intensity. While this can, at times, be appropriate and helpful, often it is counter indicated and a perceived resolution may be short lived and/or needlessly circumscribed. It is important to recognize the markers of treatment, and what choices are appropriate. Ironically, it is often the therapist who is uncomfortable with the level of client affect, rather than the client being unable to deal with the intense emotion.
The hallmark of EMDR is “staying out of the way” if the dysfunctionally stored information is moving. An inherent value of EMDR is to facilitate natural processing and the client’s natural healing patterns. Assuming client readiness and preparation to deal with emotional material, an interweave (which elicits other neural networks), or resource installation (which initiates a state change) or prolonged talking (which initiates an interpersonal process) – though often useful – can interfere with the client’s own internal processing and take the client away form their natural and unique resolution and integration. The therapist can enable the client to process intense material utilizing a) strong attunement skills to hold the client one’s therapeutic presence, b) recognition of behavioral manifestations of processing to guide speed, rate and tempo of bilateral stimulation to maximize processing, c) using different rate, speed and tempo to control emotional intensity of the processing, d) and knowing when to verbally intervene and when to “stay out of the way.”
This workshop will focus on:
a) Assessment of client readiness
b) Therapeutic clinical presence and attunement skills
c) Detecting behavioral manifestations of processing and calibrating bilateral stimulation to the client in order to maximize processing and control intensity
d) Therapeutic choice points concerning verbal interventions and “staying out of the way."
Demonstration and video tapes will be used to illustrate teaching points. (Participants should be aware that the videos have intense emotional content).
Keywords: Abreactions Intense Affect
Accuracy Verified: Yes
13. Solomon, R. M. (2006, September). The art of EMDR: Dealing with abreactions. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Philadelphia, PA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
The overall objective of this workshop is to enable the EMDR therapist to deal more effectively, and comfortably, with intense client affect. Treatment of complex trauma, where dissociation prevents the integration of traumatic memories, often involves the processing of intense emotions. The abreaction can be quite shocking to the therapist who may then engage the client in verbal interventions (e.g. interweave, resource installation, talking therapy). While this can indeed be appropriate and helpful, it is often the therapist who is uncomfortable with the level of & client affect, rather than the client being unable to deal with the intense emotions. The hallmark of EMDR is "staying out of the way" if the dysfunctionally stored information is moving. An
inherent value of EMDR is to facilitate natural
processing and the client's natural patterns. Assuming client readiness and
preparation to deal with emotional material, an
interweave (which elicits other neural networks),
or resource installation (which initiates a state
change) or prolonged talking (which initiates an
interpersonal process) - though often useful - can
interfere with the client's own internal processing and take the client away from their natural and
unique resolution and integration. The therapist
can enable the client to process intense material
utilizing a) strong attunement skills to hold the
client in one's therapeutic presence, b) recognition
of behavioral manifestations of processing to guide speed, rate, and tempo of bilateral stimulation to maximize processing c) using different rate, speed, and tempo to control emotional intensity of processing; d) and knowing when to verbally
intervene and when to "stay out of the way". Hence,
more important than the mechanics of bilateral
stimulation is the way EMDR is delivered. EMDR
is a "dance" between client and therapist with the
therapist interacting through bi-lateral stimulation
even more than through verbal communication.
This workshop will focus on dealing with intense
affect with EMDR (the dance) and include
discussjon of 1) How to assess client readiness for
dealing with intense material, both before and during
EMDR processing. 2) Therapist clinical presence
and attunement skills. 3) Detecting behavioral
manifestations of processing and calibrating bilateral
stimulation to the client in order to maximize
processing, and control intensity of processing. 4)
Therapeutic choice points concerning verbal
interventions and "staying out of the way". Demonstration and video tapes will be used to
illustrate teaching points. (Participants should be
aware that the videos have intense emotional content).
Keywords: Abreactions
Accuracy Verified: Yes
14. Litt, B. (2011, April-May). Beyond trauma resolution: EMDR and the growth of the relational self. Presentation at the EMDR Canada Workshop in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
This workshop will explore family dynamics contributing to ego fragmentation and interlocking ego state conflict in individual and couples therapy. Participants will learn a model for EMDR-based assessment and treatment planning, describe ego state manifestations in couples conflict and learn to manage ego states in the desensitization phase of processing.
In Part One, participants will learn about the relationship between family dynamics and ego structure, reenactments from the family of origin, and the manifestations of ego state conflict in individual and conjoint therapy.
In Part Two, participants will learn a model for EMDR-based assessment and treatment planning using contextual family therapy, the indications and contraindications of conjoint EMDR, a model of the Self that zeroes in on the salient negative cognitions being triggered, and learn a progression of techniques to control and focus desensitization within the optimal zone of arousal.
This interactive workshop will include videotape and didactic material designed to facilitate a deeper understanding of this exciting new integrative model. For individual, couples, and family therapists.
Learning Objectives:
•Individual and conjoint therapists will sharpen their diagnostic skills by learning to assess intergenerational patterns that contribute to ego fragmentation in their clients.
•Couples therapists will use knowledge gained to evaluate repetition compulsions or reenactments in their client couples.
•Individual and conjoint therapists will learn to deconstruct reenactments to identify negative cognitions preparatory to doing EMDR.
•Conjoint therapists will assess for indications and contraindications for conducting conjoint EMDR sessions with client couples.
•Therapists will be able to rapidly assess negative cognitions using a new typology of Domains of the Self.
•EMDR therapists will be able to employ a model of the zone of optimal processing for efficient and safe desensitization.
•EMDR therapists will be able to use a variety of techniques for maintaining their clients within the zone of optimal processing.
Keywords: Ego State Therapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
15. Laliotis, D. (2010, March). Beyond trauma: Part I and II - EMDR as a broad-based psychotherapy. Presentation at the Psychotherapy Networker Symposium, Washington, DC.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
While EMDR is widely used as a highly effective treatment for PTSD based on neutralizing past memories of trauma, few therapists recognize how powerful a tool it can be in helping clients reprocess difficult experiences - traumatic or not - that impede their client's ability to move forward with their lives. In this workshop, you'll be introduced to an eight-phase information-processing model of EMDR for helping clients identify and reprocess significant childhood experiences and chronic patterns or themes that shadow their lives, hinder their emotional growth, and limit their ability to fully express their own identity. You'll learn a practical clinical procedure for identifying the predominant themes in clients' lives that underlie their current difficulties and freeing the, from attitudes that limits a fuller, more flexible experience of self.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
16. Oh, D. H., & Park, Y. C. (2010, July). Bilateral eye movement: Changes brain default network functions in EMDR treatment. Poster presented at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Introduction: The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of bilateral eye movement as one of the important therapeutic
components through EEG analysis. We examined differences between pre-bilateral eye movement and post-bilateral eye
movement of normal healthy volunteers in scalp recorded EEGs in two different ways. First, we used qEEG to examine
differences in specific band frequencies after bilateral eye movement. Secondly, we utilized low-resolution electromagnetic
tomography (LORETA) source imaging (Pascual-Marqui et al., 1994) to explore the underlying neural generators of changed
EEG activity. Methods:32 college students participated in the study. EEG was recorded continuously during the experiment.
All participants experienced 3 blocks: 1) pre-experiment, eye-closed EEG in resting state, 2) stimuli condition (either eye
movement or fixation) and 3) post-experiment, eye-closed EEG in resting state. 32-channel, eyes-closed EEG (30 artifactfree
s/subject) was analyzed (source localization using FFT approximation and LORETA). Results: We demonstrated different
functional connectivity patterns of the precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex (Brodmann area 23, 31) between bilateral eye
movement and eye fixation phase. Conclusion: These results provided evidence to support that the bilateral eye movements
in EMDR procedure gives rise to the changes of ‘brain default network’, accompanied by the alteration of regional brain
electrical activity.
Keywords: Eye Movements Poster
Accuracy Verified: Yes
17. Lendl, J. (2002, June). Brain performance and possible EMDR intervention. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Diego, CA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
New brain imaging technologies are giving a clearer picture of how memories are stored and how effective treatment may alter brain function. Neuroimaging researchers Bessel van der Kolk and Daniel Amen are investigating EMDR treatment effects. Van der Kolk is studying how traumatic memories differ from memories of ordinary events, while Amen concentrates on evaluating difficult psychiatric cases, ADD, head trauma, memory problems, dementia, aggression, and exposure to toxic substances. This workhop will focus on Amen's research regarding frequently found patterns of brain performance, including specific area functions and problems from a clinician's view. Significant attention will be devoted to integrating EMDR with the Amen multi-discipline intervention approach for problem brian areas.
Keywords: Amen Brain Performance van de Kolk
Accuracy Verified: Yes
18. Nijdam, M. J., Gersons, B. P. R., Reitsma, J. B., de Jongh, A., & Olff, M. (2012, March). Brief eclectic psychotherapy v. eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder: Randomised controlled trial. British Journal of Psychiatry, 200(3), 224-231. doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.111.099234.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Background:
Trauma-focused cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) and eye
movement desensitisation and reprocessing therapy (EMDR)
are efficacious treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder
(PTSD), but few studies have directly compared them using
well-powered designs and few have investigated response
patterns.
Aims:
To compare the efficacy and response pattern of a traumafocused
CBT modality, brief eclectic psychotherapy for PTSD,
with EMDR (trial registration: ISRCTN64872147).
Method:
Out-patients with PTSD were randomly assigned to brief
eclectic psychotherapy (n = 70) or EMDR (n = 70) and
assessed at all sessions on self-reported PTSD (Impact of
Event Scale – Revised). Other outcomes were clinician-rated
PTSD, anxiety and depression.
Results:
Both treatments were equally effective in reducing PTSD
symptom severity, but the response pattern indicated that
EMDR led to a significantly sharper decline in PTSD
symptoms than brief eclectic psychotherapy, with similar
drop-out rates (EMDR: n = 20 (29%), brief eclectic
psychotherapy: n = 25 (36%)). Other outcome measures
confirmed this pattern of results.
Conclusions:
Although both treatments are effective, EMDR results in a
faster recovery compared with the more gradual
improvement with brief eclectic psychotherapy.
Declaration of interest:
A.d.J. teaches and supervises clinical psychologists and
psychiatrists in psychological trauma and its treatment
by means of seminars, workshops and conferences, for
which the participants pay a fee. He is also director
and shareholder of a trauma treatment unit. For both
activities he has the formal permission of the executive
board of the University of Amsterdam to which he is
affiliated.
Keywords: BEP Brief Eclectic Psychotherapy Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PSTD Randomized Controlled Trial
Accuracy Verified: Yes
19. Amen, D. G. (2003, September). Change your brain, change your life: Breakthrough information on seeing and healing the brain. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Utilizing the latest, most sophistcated brain imaging technology in medicine, physician and clinical neuroscientist Daniel Amen will give you an intimate look into a "working brain." Based on his brain imaging work with over
16,000 brain SPECT studies, Dr.Amen will teach you what specific parts of the brain do, and graphically show what happens when things go wrong, illustrated by many case stories and a number of the actual brain images. He
will correlate different brain patterns with specific feelings and behaviors, such as moodiness, irritability, conflict avoidance, worrying and temper outbursts, along with certain common psychiatric disorders such as depression,
attenton deficit disorder, anxiety, and substance abuse. In addition, there will be prescriptions for healing each part of the brain, including cognitive, behavioral, nutritional and medicinal strategies.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
20. Grant, M. (2009). Change your brain, change your pain: Based on EMDR. Wyong, NSW: Wyong Medical Centre.
Language: English
Format: Book
Abstract:
Chronic physical or emotional pain is one of the most overwhelming problems we ever have to face. It often fails to respond to normally effective treatments such as medication and counselling. Time doesn't heal some wounds, and sufferers are faced with a desperate need for solutions. One of the most exciting developments in treating pain is increased understanding of the brain's role in pain, based on new brain-scanning technology. Scientists have also discovered that the brain is malleable and capable of being changed throughout the lifespan. This enlightening and practical book explains how physical and emotional pain are stored in the brain, and what causes pain to persist after the injury or trauma that initially triggered it. The book describes five core sensory-emotional skills for reversing the brain activity that maintains pain. These are brought to life through over 20 brain-smart activities designed to neutralize the sensoryemotional reactions that maintain pain. Benefits include learning: how to understand and benefit from your emotions, even negative ones; how to cope with the effects of physical injury with less distress; how to reduce painful feelings and sensations without really trying; how to change negative emotional patterns; how to feel better about yourself; how to conquer stress; how to protect yourself against future episodes of pain; sleep better - naturally; and much more! Includes brain stimulation CD.
Keywords: Pain
Accuracy Verified: Yes
21. Grimmett, J. (2012). Clinician experiences with EMDR: Factors influencing attrition and retention. University of the Rockies, Colorado Springs. UMI 3517361.
Language: English
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract:
This study investigated factors contributing to clinician attrition from eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy. The primary areas under investigation were factors contributing to attrition and retention, as well as the quest to obtain information pertaining to training experiences. A sample of 239 clinicians was purposefully obtained. Several patterns emerged within the data, highlighting the issues of attrition: Loyalty to other treatment modalities and discomfort with using EMDR, either through lack of confidence, inadequate training, or discomfort with client distress, were both correlated with clinician attrition. Treatment efficacy and ongoing consultation were remarkable for retention. Practice setting surfaced as statistically significant, and operating in private practice was positively correlated with greater participation in EMDR support activities. Additionally, the adequacy of the training format was presented, as well as how prepared the participants felt after completion of EMDR training. A number of findings were consistent with earlier studies and the converging results of loyalty to previous modalities and discomfort using EMDR gave rise to recommendations for future training and support of newly trained clinicians. The limitations of the current study were presented, in addition to directions for future research.
Keywords: Attrition Clinician Experiences Retention Training
Accuracy Verified: Yes
22. Barfoot, K. M., Casey, M. C., & Callaway, A. J. (2012, July). Combined EEG and eye-tracking in sports skills training and performance analysis. Presentation at the World Congress of Performance Analysis of Sport IX, University of Wooster.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
The use of mobile EEG brainwave monitoring and eye-tracking recorded synchronously
during the training of sports skills offers significant opportunities but creates challenges.
Opportunities:
¨ Measuring neurocognitive activity and visual focus in real time which can be used to
provide immediate feedback to the coach, in ‘real world’ settings, for optimising training
protocols for the individual athlete.
¨ Use of sound output (‘sonification’) in proportion to EEG regions of interest as a
neurofeedback mechanism for athlete self-training.
¨ Application of visualisation protocols and ‘EEG-driven’ PC games where game feedback
based on state of mind is used to optimise mental state prior to performance.
¨ Examining the relationship between eye movement and neuro activity (e.g. saccades and
gamma waves) and in athlete coaching interventions such as sports visual scanning
strategies, Eye Movement Desensitisation & Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy, focussed
relaxation, etc.
Challenges:
¨ The recording of EEG during gross motor behaviour is subject to non-brain artefacts in
the raw (time-domain) EEG, due to the much larger (than EEG) electrical voltages
arising from muscle and eye movements. Practical approaches and signal processing
(frequency domain spectrum) techniques to address these problems will be discussed.
¨ The synchronisation of data recorded on different types of equipment (e.g. EEG, eyetracker,
video, sound, EMG, etc.) with different ‘clocks’ and diverse data formats is
difficult – both in terms of time-stamping the original recordings across all the systems
and playing them back synchronously for subsequent performance analysis. Progress on
creating real-time data export methods which allow synchronous data recording and
playback will be reported.
Examples of studies carried out in archery, golf, motorsport, football and skiing will be
discussed, with a focus on archery where:
¨ Measurements were taken from intermediate, county level, near elite and elite archers.
¨ Archery was chosen to demonstrate the real-time and in-situ quantification of neural
activity compared with target-based measures of performance that archery provides, over a
range of time-spans and skills.
¨ Results demonstrate that there are significant and measurable changes in EEG patterns
during a shot with evidence suggesting that the patterns vary as a function of skill level,
but not simply as a function of score.
Significance of each of these studies for goal-directed learning and performance enhancement
are discussed.
Keywords: EEG Eye Tracking Performance Analysis Sports Skills
Accuracy Verified: Yes
23. Williams, K. (2006, August). A comparative experimental treatment outcome study: Female survivors of sexual assault suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, and trauma-related guilt – self-report and psychophysiological measures. Trinity Western University, Langley, British Columbia, CAN.
Language: English
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract:
Diverse psychotherapeutic approaches for treating trauma-related sequelae have emerged over the last several decades in response to the widespread prevalence of sexual assault and resultant posttraumatic stress disorder among women (PTSD). In a recent formal study (Grace, 2003), a newer treatment called one eye integration (OEI) has been shown to be effective for traumatized individuals. The purpose of this study was to build upon those findings by comparing the effectiveness of two treatments for reducing PTSD symptoms with a breathing, relaxation, autogenics, imagery, and grounding (BRAIN) control condition. Twenty-seven female rape or sexual assault survivors who met the criteria for PTSD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Text-Revision, (DSM-IV-TR; APA, 2000) were randomly assigned to three groups: (a) a neurologically-based therapy called OEI, (b) an information processing model referred to as cognitive processing therapy-revised (CPT-R), or (c) a control condition (BRAIN), PTSD, depression, and trauma-related guilt symptoms were assessed pretreatment, posttreatment and at 3-month follow up, and qualitative electroencephalography (qEEG) brainwave patterns of two regions of the scalp (frontal and parietal) were measured pre and posttreatment. The following dependent measures were used: Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS), Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), and t he Trauma-Related Guilt Inventory (TRGI). Though there were no significant differences in PTSD symptoms between groups from pretreatment to post treatment assessments, a significant difference occurred between pretreatment and 3-month follow up, with OEI manifesting greater reductions than CPT-R or BRAIN. There were no significant differences between groups in depression, but there was a reduction in BDI-II scores over time. Reduction in guilt-related symptoms occurred on several scales and subscales for all three groups over time from pretreatment of posttreatment assessments, though not significantly by group. A significant difference was found for the Global Guilt subscale at 3-month follow up, with greater improvement for the OEI group. Preliminary results from cortical brain activity assessments indicate typical qEEG asymmetry patterns for PTSD and depression, though there were no significant group differences apart from minor post hoc analyses. Implications of these findings for clinical work and directions for future research were discussed.
Keywords: Depression Female Guilt Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Sexual Assault Survivors
Accuracy Verified: Yes
24. Tofani, L. R. (2007). Complex separation, individuation processes, and anxiety disorders in young adulthood. In F. Shaprio, F. W. Kaslow, & L. Maxfield (Eds.), Handbook of EMDR and family therapy processes (pp. 265-283). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
Research has shown that anxiety in children is highly influenced by parenting style, perception of family support (Rapee & Melville, 1997), and family relational patterns. Social Anxiety Disorder (American Psychiatric Association, 1994) is considered to be a common disorder in young adults. According to Shapiro's (1995, 2001) Adaptive Information Processing model, a neurotic symptomatic situation in a young adult with an unfinished separation process may be connected to unresolved separations and other past traumas. This chapter discusses research and clinical evidence, and treatment of young adults with complex separation problems. Integration of family systems therapy and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR; Shapiro, 2001) is discussed. In this integrated treatment procedure, family therapy follows the experiential family systems therapy approach (Giat Roberto, 1992; Napier & Whitaker, 1978), with elements of multigenerational and Structural Family Therapy styles (Bowen, 1978; Minuchin & Fishman, 1992). The EMDR standard protocol is followed. A case example and concluding discussion complete the chapter. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Anxiety Disorders Family Relations Family Systems Therapy Family Systems Theory Family Therapy Individuation Integrative Psychotherapy Separation Anxiety Separation Individuation Separation Problems Separation Reactions Structural Family Therapy Young Adulthood
Accuracy Verified: Yes
25. Janssen, J. (2012, February). Een bijzondere casus (serie): EMDR-behandeling van vroegkinderlijke trauma’s bij een cliënte met een eetstoornis [A special case (series): EMDR treatment of early childhood trauma in a client with an eating disorder]. Tijdschrift voor Psychotherapie, 38(1), 21-37. doi:10.1007/s12485-012-0003-3.
Language: Dutch
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Onveilige hechting en vroegkinderlijke trauma’s liggen aan de basis
van veel problemen die onze cliënten ervaren in hun dagelijkse
leven en zij leiden tot disfunctionele gedachten- en gedragspatronen.
In de babyfase ontwikkelt zich het (sociale) brein op basis van
liefde of het ontbreken ervan. Het is de interactie tussen baby’s en
hun ouders in de eerste jaren die bepalend is. Het introduceren in
de therapie van liefde en liefdevolle ouders die er voor hen zijn, lijkt
van essentieel belang te zijn voor een succesvolle behandeling.
In dit artikel wordt het vier-stappenmodel van Katie O’Shea uiteengezet.
De eerste drie stappen bieden de effectieve stabilisatie die
nodig is om de behandeling van vroegkinderlijke trauma’s aan te
gaan. In stap 4 kan deze behandeling vervolgens op gestructureerde
wijze plaatsvinden. Met haar ‘EMDR’-model creëren we als het
ware een nieuwe blauwdruk in het brein met als uitkomst ‘een reconstructie
van het zelfbeeld’. O’Shea beoogt met haar model herstel
van prenataal en perinataal trauma, wat met het standaard
EMDR-protocol niet gemakkelijk wordt bereikt.
DRS.
Insecure attachment and early childhood traumas are the basis
of many problems that our clients experience in their daily
life and they lead to dysfunctional thoughts and behavioral patterns.
In the infant stage develops the (social) brain based on
love or lack thereof. It is the interaction between babies and
their parents in the early years is decisive. Introducing into
the therapy of love and loving parents who are there for them, seems
of vital importance for a successful treatment.
In this article, the four-step model Katie O'Shea put apart.
The first three steps provide effective stabilization to the
necessary for the treatment of early childhood trauma to
go. In step 4, this treatment can then structured by
manner. With its' EMDR' model we create as
were a new blueprint in the brain as being 'a reconstruction
of the self '. O'Shea aim with the recovery model
of prenatal and perinatal trauma, what with the standard
EMDR protocol is not easily achieved.
DRS.
Keywords: Childhood Trauma Eating Disorder
Accuracy Verified: Yes
26. Pastva, A. M. (2008). The effects of rhythmic and arrhythmic eye movements on memory recall. The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA..
Language: English
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract:
Eye-Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), a therapy that treats many trauma-related disorders by requiring patients to perform rapid eye movements, has raised controversy because it lacks the support of a proven theoretical rationale. A recent theoretical explanation proposes that the eye movements reduce the vividness of the distressing images by disrupting the function of the visuospatial sketchpad (VSSP) of working memory, but support for this model has been weakened by methodological flaws that the current study attempted to overcome. The present study compared the effects of tracking rhythmic and arrhythmic stimuli on the recall of arousing television shock-ads. Eye-movement conditions did not significantly differ in terms of vividness, emotionality, or accuracy of memory as compared to the control condition. Arrhythmic targets increased the negative emotional response and decreased the vividness of the memories, but neither rhythmic nor arrhythmic target patterns produced responses that differed from the control condition. Heart rate recordings taken throughout the study did not suggest that arousal mediates the relationship between eye-movement patterns and vividness. The present study does not support the VSSP theory but provides valuable insights on the direction of future research.
Keywords: Eye Memory Visual perception
Accuracy Verified: Yes
27. Stapleton, J. A., Taylor, S., & Asmundson, G. J. G. (2007, Spring). Efficacy of various treatments for PTSD in battered women: Case studies. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 21(1), 91-102. doi:10.1891/088983907780493287.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Spousal abuse and other forms of domestic violence can lead to PTSD. Little is known about how to best treat this form of PTSD. The current case series, based on data collected as part of a larger clinical trial, was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of exposure therapy, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), or relaxation therapy. 3 women with battered-spouse-related PTSD were assigned to one of these treatments. The patient receiving exposure responded well to treatment and no longer met the criteria for PTSD at post-treatment or at 3-month follow-up. The battered women in the other two conditions continued to meet the criteria for PTSD at post-treatment and at follow-up. The patterns of treatment response were similar to those experienced by individuals with other forms of PTSD (N = 42) examined in the larger trial. The results of these case studies encourage further studies of exposure therapy for battered-spouse-related PTSD. [Author Abstract]
Keywords: Adults Battered Women Canadians Exposure Therapy Domestic Violence Empirical Study Females Follow-Up Study Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PSTD Quantitative Study Relaxation Training Spouse Abuse Survivors Treatment Effectiveness
Accuracy Verified: Yes
28. Tripolt, R. (2012, June). EMDR in Motion. Using movement and body oriented therapeutic interweaves for complex trauma and dissociative symptoms [EMDR en movimiento. Usar el movimiento y la terapia orientada al cuerpo para traumas complejos y síntomas disociativos]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
"The
Body
Keeps
the
Score"
(B.
v.d.
Kolk,
1996)
Clients
who
suffer
from
traumatic
stress
are
often
afraid
about
disturbing
and
painful
somatic
symptoms.
Structural
dissociation
alienates
from
body
reactions.
Nevertheless
it
is
the
body
that
"holds"
the
discomfort
and
painful
memory
of
neglect
and
violence.
Trauma
Survivors
tend
to
perceive
their
body
as
hostile.
They
suffer
from
Alexithymia
deficiency
of
interpreting
the
meaning
of
body
reactions
and
muscle
activation.
Trauma
Survivors
are
easily
irritated
and
tend
to
react
with
rage
on
very
slight
provocations
and
freeze
when
they
are
frustrated.
Even
minor
problems
cause
fear
and
helplessness.
The
Polyvagal
Theory
(S.
Porges
2010)
proves
the
neurological
aspect
of
behavioral
patterns.
Neurozeption
describes
how
we
perceive
others
in
a
neurological
way.
Certain
behavioral
patterns
are
established
through
life
experiences.
This
research
underlines
Francine
Shapiros
AIP
model
and
confirms
the
importance
of
a
body
orientated
approach.
We
know
that
experiencing
the
effect
of
eye
movement
-‐
and
other
bilateral
stimulation,
is
a
gentle
and
powerful
way
to
bring
the
voice
of
the
body
into
the
therapeutic
space.
EMDR
helps
to
integrate
cognitive,
emotional
and
body
sensations.
Using
movement
and
body
orientated
skills
in
difficult
processes
f.e.
with
severely
and/or
early
traumatised
clients,
even
enhances
the
effect
of
EMDR.
Content
of
the
Workshop:
Short
theoretical
implications:
Polyvagal
Theory
and
AIP
Model.
Stabilisation
and
Movement
-‐
creating
a
„Moving
Container“:
How
to
create
a
safe
place
of
relationship
and
attachment
between
the
client
and
the
therapist
by
using
movement
and
bodywork?
The
body
is
the
most
powerful
resource:
How
to
use
movement
to
access
this
power.
How
to
recognize
and
dissolve
dissociation
by
body
and
movement
awareness.
EMDR
Process
and
Movement
:
How
to
widen
the
„window
of
tolerance“
by
using
movement
and
deeper
levels
of
body
consciousness.
Adding
a
fourth
level
of
attention
to
the
EMDR
process:
cognition
-‐
emotion
-‐
body
scan
-‐
movement.
Movement
and
reflex
feedback
as
interweave
technique
in
difficult
processes.
Methods
used
in
the
Workshop:
Lecture
and
Video
Presentation.
Practical
demonstration
of
some
movement
orientated
techniques.
Discussion.
“El
cuerpo
lleva
la
cuenta”
(B.
v.d.
Kolk,
1996),
los
clientes
que
sufren
de
estrés
traumático
tienen
a
menudo
miedo
sobre
sus
síntomas
somáticos
preocupantes
y
dolorosos.
La
disociación
estructural
aliena
las
reacciones
del
cuerpo,
sin
embargo
es
el
cuerpo
el
que
“mantiene”
el
disconfort
y
el
recuerdo
doloroso
de
negligencia
y
violencia.
Los
supervivientes
a
un
trauma
suelen
tender
a
percibir
su
propio
cuerpo
como
hostil.
Sufren
de
Alexitimia,
deficiencias
para
interpretar
las
señales
corporales
y
la
activación
muscular.
Son
fácilmente
irritables
y
tienden
a
reaccionar
con
ira,
con
leves
provocaciones
y
se
“congelan”
cuando
están
frustrados.
Incluso
problemas
de
fuerza
menor
causan
miedo
y
desesperanza.
La
teoría
polivagal
(S.
Porges
2010)
prueba
el
aspecto
neurológico
de
los
patrones
de
comportamiento.
La
neurocepción
describe
cómo
percibimos
a
los
otros
desde
un
punto
de
vista
neurológico.
Ciertos
patrones
de
comportamiento
están
establecidos
a
través
de
las
experiencias
vitales.
Esta
investigación
se
basa
en
el
modelo
SPIA
de
Francine
Shapiro
y
confirma
la
importancia
del
enfoque
orientado
al
cuerpo.
Sabemos
que
al
experimentar
el
efecto
de
la
estimulación
ocular,
y
otras
estimulaciones
bilaterales,
es
un
camino
poderoso
y
suave
para
traer
la
voz
del
cuerpo
dentro
del
espacio
terapéutico.
EMDR
facilita
la
integración
cognitiva
emocional
y
corporal.
Usar
el
movimiento
y
las
habilidades
orientadas
al
cuerpo
en
los
procesos
difíciles
con
clientes
traumatizados,
severamente
o
tempranamente,
incluso
amplifica
el
efecto
terapéutico
del
EMDR
Contenido
del
taller:
Implicaciones
teóricas:
Teoría
Polivagal
y
modelo
SPIA
Estabilización
y
movimiento
–
Crear
un
“recipiente
de
movimiento”
Cómo
crear
un
lugar
seguro
en
relación
al
apego
entre
el
cliente
y
el
terapeuta
usando
movimiento
y
trabajo
corporal.
El
cuerpo
es
el
recurso
más
poderoso:
Cómo
usar
el
movimiento
para
acceder
a
este
poder.
Cómo
reconocer
y
disolver
la
disociación
en
el
cuerpo
y
la
atención
al
movimiento.
Procesamiento
EMDR
y
movimiento:
Cómo
ampliar
la
"ventana
de
tolerancia"
mediante
el
uso
de
movimientos
y
niveles
más
profundos
de
la
conciencia
del
cuerpo.
Añadir
un
4
nivel
de
atención
al
procesamiento
de
EMDR:
Cognición-‐Emoción-‐
Escáner
corporal-‐movimiento.
Keywords: Body Oriented Therapeutic Interweaves
Accuracy Verified: Yes
29. Matthess, H., Vojtova, H., & Dellucci, H. (2012, March). EMDR and complex trauma. Presentation at the 3rd Bi-Annual International European Society for Trauma and Dissociation, Berlin, Germany.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
EMDR is widely recognized as a therapy of choice in psychotraumatology. However treating clients who suffer from complex traumatization, and especially dissociative disorder, using EMDR straightaway in its standard form is very difficult.
“By far, the greatest number of reported difficulties and stories of clinical problems and potential harm through the improper use of EMDR had involved clients with dissociative disorders.” Shapiro (2001, p. 308).
Does this mean that people who have complex trauma and dissociative disorder could not benefit from EMDR?
Which adaptations of the standard protocols in the different phases of the EMDR process are crucial in order to use EMDR to enhance the clients’ capacities and diminish their suffering?
Which indicators should be considered? How can clinicians provide a safe and efficient help, without getting lost in this difficult treatment patterns, by knowing what to do and why?
This workshop is designed for practitioners familiar with EMDR. It will provide a general overview of essential modifications of the standard EMDR protocol for complex traumatized clients. The theoretical part will focus on an understanding of the underlying EMDR working mechanism as far as discussed today, on knowledge of dissociation as a result of complex traumatization, in the context of the AIP model (adaptive information processing), the attachment theory, the theory of structural dissociation and recent research findings.
The emphasis will be on practical applications of these insights into a comprehensive treatment of this group of clients. Based on the experience of the presenters, implementing use of bilateral stimulation in all phases of therapy will be shown. Important considerations according possible iatrogenic harm will be discussed. Case examples from practice will be provided, including videos.
Keywords: Complex Trauma
Accuracy Verified: Yes
30. Paterson, M. J. (2009, March). EMDR and ego state therapy: Healing complex trauma and dissociation. Presentation at the EMDR Association UK & Ireland, Manchester, England UK .
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
We all display particular patterns of thinking, feeling and acting, depending on the situation.
The transition is usually seamless in well-adjusted people, but where there has been
disrupted attachment or sustained early life trauma the result is often the formation of
particular ego states, also known as alters, parts, or schema modes. These states perform
roles usually geared towards survival, but in adulthood they can be dysfunctional.
Depending upon a client’s early life experiences some ego states can be malevolent, wanting
bad things for the client such as willing them to suffer in some way.
It is necessary for clients to remain safe during EMDR sessions and contained between
sessions. There is a need, therefore, to learn techniques to work with more difficult clients
so they too can benefit from EMDR. It is also helpful to know how to deal with blocked
processing due to the interference of an ego-state.
This workshop provides an overview of dissociation and a review of models to explain it.
There will be an explanation of Ego State Therapy (EST) and how it fits with EMDR. Clinical
case material is used to illustrate learning points. Through demonstration and practice
participants will learn how to access ego states in a controlled way and effect therapeutic
change. In the latter part of the day, participants will see a video of a live case where EST is
used effectively to moderate the malevolence displayed by two difficult ego states.
Learning objectives
Understand the forms of dissociation
Understand the concept of ego state therapy.
Learn how to access ego states in a controlled way and effect therapeutic change.
Learn techniques to deal with difficult ego states.
Keywords: Dissociation Ego State Therapy Trauma
Accuracy Verified: Yes
31. Paterson, M. (2010, April). EMDR and ego state therapy: Healing complex trauma and dissociation. Preconference presentation at the annual meeting for the European Society for Trauma and Dissociation, Belfast, Northern Ireland.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
We all display particular patterns of thinking, feeling and acting, depending on the situation. The transition is usually seamless in well-adjusted people, but where there has been disrupted attachment or sustained early life trauma the result is often the formation of particular ego states, also known as alters, parts, or schema modes. These states perform roles usually geared towards survival, but in adulthood they can be dysfunctional. Depending upon a client’s early life experiences some ego states can be malevolent, wanting bad things for the client such as willing them to suffer in some way. These clients present us with the greatest challenges through what we know as complex trauma and dissociative disorders.
It is necessary for clients to remain stable during EMDR sessions and contained between sessions, particularly with complex trauma and dissociative disorders. There is a need, therefore, to learn techniques to work in the Preparation Phase with more difficult clients so they too can benefit from the full EMDR protocol. It is also helpful to know how to deal with blocked processing in the Desensitization Phase due to the interference of an ego-state.
This workshop initially provides an overview of dissociation and how it impacts on EMDR processing. There will be an explanation of Ego State Therapy (EST) and how it fits with EMDR to provide the stabilization clients need, as well as dealing with blocked processing. Clinical case material is used throughout to illustrate learning points. Through demonstration and practice participants will learn how to build resources for clients, access ego states in a controlled way and effect therapeutic change. In the latter part of the day, participants will see videos of live cases where EST is used effectively in the Preparation Phase of EMDR to: 1) identify the part-selves and 2) moderate the malevolence displayed by two difficult ego states.
Learning objectives
Understand how complex trauma and dissociative disorders impact EMDR processing
Understand the concept of working with part-selves as a way of preparing clients for the standard EMDR protocol.
Learn how to access ego states in a controlled way and effect therapeutic change and stability.
Learn techniques to deal with difficult ego states.
Keywords: Dissociation Ego State Therapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
32. Peterson, M. 2010, April). EMDR and ego state therapy: Healing complex trauma and dissociation. Presentation at the 2nd Bi-Annual International European Society for Trauma and Dissociation Conference, Belfast, Northern Ireland.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
We all display particular patterns of thinking, feeling and acting, depending on the situation. The transition is usually seamless in well-adjusted people, but where there has been disrupted attachment or sustained early life trauma the result is often the formation of particular ego states, also known as alters, parts, or schema modes. These states perform roles usually geared towards survival, but in adulthood they can be dysfunctional. Depending upon a client’s early life experiences some ego states can be malevolent, wanting bad things for the client such as willing them to suffer in some way. These clients present us with the greatest challenges through what we know as complex trauma and dissociative disorders. It is necessary for clients to remain stable during EMDR sessions and contained between sessions, particularly with complex trauma and dissociative disorders. There is a need, therefore, to learn techniques to work in the Preparation Phase with more difficult clients so they too can benefit from the full EMDR protocol. It is also helpful to know how to deal with blocked processing in the Desensitization Phase due to the interference of an ego-state. This workshop initially provides an overview of dissociation and how it impacts on EMDR processing. There will be an explanation of Ego State Therapy (EST) and how it fits with EMDR to provide the stabilization clients need, as well as dealing with blocked processing. Clinical case material is used throughout to illustrate learning points. Through demonstration and practice participants will learn how to build resources for clients, access ego states in a controlled way and effect therapeutic change. In the latter part of the day, participants will see videos of live cases where EST is used effectively in the Preparation Phase of EMDR to: 1) identify the part-selves and 2) moderate the malevolence displayed by two difficult ego states. Learning objectives Understand how complex trauma and dissociative disorders impact EMDR processing Understand the concept of working with part-selves as a way of preparing clients for the standard EMDR protocol. Learn how to access ego states in a controlled way and effect therapeutic change and stability. Learn techniques to deal with difficult ego states.
Keywords: Complex Trauma Dissociation Ego State Therapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
33. Siegel, I. R. (2000, September). EMDR and energy medicine: An integrative approach. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Toronto, Ontario Canada.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Participants will: 1) develop an understanding of the role that energy medicine can play within the context of the EMDR protocol; 2) develop an understanding of the dynamic relationship between our physiology, our emotions, and our Human Energy Field; 3) identify the chakra systems and the levels of electro-magnetic frequency that exist within the Human Energy Field, and its relationshop to developmental theory; 4) demonstrate an ability to identify vibrational patterns of emotional trauma within the HEF; 5) develop an understanding of the role of EMDR as an effective tool in creating a bridge between science, psychotherapy, and spirituality; and 6) learn to apply effective techniques for integrating the technology of energy medicine into an EMDR practice.
Keywords: Chakra System Energy Medicine Energy Psychology HEF Human Energy Field Vibrational Patterns
Accuracy Verified: Yes
34. Cole, M. (2010, July). EMDR and metacognitive therapy: Same destination, different language. Poster presented at the 38th Annual Conference of the British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Therapies, Manchester, UK.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
The information processing model has been described in many different ways and is potentially the underlying
process that describes the psychotherapy change process, regardless of orientation. In this poster I will briefly
compare Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing and Meta-Cognitive Therapy in light of this information
processing model and conclude that although they may use different language to describe their theories, a
unifying information processing model describes both paradigms. Human beings are meaning making machines
(Robbins, 2009). We give meaning to the world, the deeds we do and the interactions we have, as well as the
more fundamental senses we experience (Frankl, 2004). Information arises either from external stimulus or
internal process’s and this information goes through our filters where we delete, distort and generalise this
information based on the rules created in our information processing unit (Fig 1). This information processing
mechanism gives meaning to this filtered information and generates a response, this response interacts with this
information and the cycle then repeats in a self regulatory manner. This process is repeated for everything we do;
we are and continues until we die. Mental health issues arise when this self regulatory system fails to make a
useful functional meaning of the information. Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) was
developed by Francine Shapiro (1989) for the treatment of trauma memories and associated emotions, changing
the meaning the person gives to their experiences. Metacognitive Therapy (MCT) was developed by Wells and
Matthews (1984) as a way of defining the processes that underpin a range of psychological disorders.
One of the features of psychological disorders such as anxiety or depression is that thinking becomes difficult to
control and biased in particular ways that lead to a worsening and maintenance of emotional suffering. Many
clients report that they feel that they have ‘lost control’ over their thoughts and behaviours. Another important
feature is that the persons thinking and attention becomes fixed in patterns of brooding and dwelling on the self
and threatening information. Both EMDR and MCT describe an information management/processing system that
organises and carries out various tasks such as how to open a door, how to get dressed, how to be anxious, how to
respond to a trauma memory Both therapies appear to change this system / process to something that is much
more adaptive for the client, as if they change the master information management control programme that runs
this system, in the same way a conductor influences the orchestra and the music they produce. Both models
describe the same process, although they utilise different language to describe this change process.
Perhaps a change of focus for the development of pychotherapy towards more process change models rather than
content change interventions.
Keywords: Metacognitive Therapy Poster
Accuracy Verified: Yes
35. Spierings, J. (2013, June). EMDR and mourning. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Geneva, Switzerland.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Working with mourning clients can be difficult. To face the irrevocability of loss and to stand helpless and empty-handed as a therapist is a heavy burden. Sometimes it seems there is nothing we can do to help our clients. Yet there are many ways in which EMDR can contribute to help our clients to live a valuable life after a serious loss.
In this presentation the psychodynamics of complicated mourning are discussed. Treatment strategies and treatment techniques (both EMDR and combined techniques) are developed for specific patterns of complicated mourning (i.e. denied mourning, postponed mourning, chronic mourning, distorted mourning, traumatized mourning, somatized mourning).
Some non-EMDR techniques (rituals, Gestalt dialogue, writing assignments, imagination techniques) will be integrated into EMDR treatment. Also practical interventions to address resistance and affect regulation problems will be discussed.
Learning Objectives:
What are the key aspects of using EMDR with issues of grief and mourning;
Outline the core characteristics of stabilization and resourcing for this population;
Review the range of cognitive interviews that have an application when evidence of blocked processing is apparent with this client group
Keywords: Grief Mourning Resourcing Stabilization
Accuracy Verified: Yes
36. Spierings, J. (2000, May 6). EMDR and mourning. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
This presentation consists of the following two parts:
I. The normal mourning process:
Defintions, phases, mourning tasks and characteristics
General treatment principles, EMDR and other treatment techniques
Therapeutic attitude and your own grief reactions as a therapist
II. The complicated mourning process:
Definitions, high-risk factors, diagnostic criteria and clinical indicators
Patterns of complicated mourning
For each pattern: specialized treatment techniques, EMDR protocols and treatment plans
Keywords: Complicated Grief Grief Mourning Protocol
Accuracy Verified: Yes
37. Welch, K. L. (2007, August). EMDR and neuroscience research: Some questions and implications for psychotherapy integration. EMDR Practitioner. Retrieved from http://www.emdr-practitioner.net on 12/27/2008.
Language: English
Format: Other
Abstract:
Since its introduction, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) (Shapiro, 1989) has received the attention of many mental health professionals. There has been much critical debate on the subject of EMDR. Most of the clinical discussion has centered on the role of EMDR in the treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).
While the EMDR procedure has been compared to Mesmerism (McNally, 1999), declared as pseudoscience (Herbert, Lilienfeld, Lohr, Montgomery, O’Donohue, Rosen, and Tolin, 2000), or regarded as a highly marketed placebo (Lilienfield, 1996), most studies support the efficacy of EMDR in treating PTSD (Ironson, Freund, Strauss, and Williams, 2002; Lee, Gavriel, Drummond, Richards, and Greenwald, 2002; Marcus, Marquis, and Sakai, 1997; Rothbaum, 1997; Van Etten and Taylor, 1998; Wilson, Becker, and Tinker, 1997). There has been some evidence for accompanying physiological changes in PTSD subjects treated with EMDR with patterns of cortex functioning, (Levin, Lazrove, and van der Kolk, 1999; Nicosia, 1994) event-related potential changes (Lamprecht, Kohnke, Sack, Matzke and Munte, 2004), as well as positive effects on the level of the stress hormone cortisol (Haber, Kellner and Yehuda, 2002).
Keywords: Neuroscience
Accuracy Verified: Yes
38. Zaccagnino, M. & Cussino, M. (2012, June). EMDR and parenting: A case-report [EMDR y crianza de los hijos: Un informe de caso]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Attachment
research
has
investigated
the
role
of
parents’
attachment
representation
on
the
quality
of
attachment
developed
by
their
children
(George,
Kaplan
e
Main,
1984/1985/1996;
van
Ijzerdoorn,
1995).
Past
research
on
children
has
shown
that
there
is
an
association
between
problematic
care-‐giving,
attachment
insecurity
and
psychopathology
(e.g.,
Greenberg,
1999;
O’Connor,
Marvin,
Rutter,
Olrick,
&
Britner,
2003;
Rutter,
2006).
On
the
other
hand,
secure
attachment
in
childhood
and
adulthood
is
typically
associated
with
a
history
of
involvement
in
supportive
and
sensitive
care
giving
relationships
(Cairns,
2002;
Mikulincer
&
Shaver,
2007).
The
results
lead
to
the
hypothesis
of
the
intergenerational
transmission
of
attachment
identified
by
van
Ijzendoorn
(1995).
These
studies,
however,
failed
to
explain
why
insecure
attachment
in
the
parent
does
not
necessarily
lead
to
an
insecure
attachment
pattern
of
the
child,
nor
why
children
can
develope
insecure
patterns
of
attachment
even
in
the
case
of
positive
attachment
experiences
with
caregivers
(Solomon
e
George,
2000).
In
the
light
of
these
considerations,
and
recovering
an
aspect
sharpened
by
Bowlby
(1969),
George
and
Solomon
(1999;
Solomon
e
George,
2000)
proposed
a
different
approach
to
the
study
of
parent-‐child
relationship,
point
up
the
differences
between
the
attachment
system
and
the
caregiving
system,
despite
the
mutual
influences
due
to
their
complementarity.
These
authors
have
proposed
to
investigate
the
specific
characteristics
of
the
system
of
caregiving,
paying
more
attention
to
the
current
relationship
between
child
and
parent.
Their
hypothesis
is
that
the
characteristics
of
that
relationship
may
affect
the
link
between
past
attachment
experiences
of
the
caregiver
and
attachment
pattern
developed
by
the
child,
representing
a
significant
element
for
understanding
the
behavior
and
the
quality
of
the
care
of
the
caregiver.
Therefore,
the
IWM
of
the
parent
would
be
the
most
important
predictor
of
the
quality
of
attachment
developed
by
the
children,
as
capable
of
driving
the
mental
state
of
the
caregiver
to
him
(Solomon
e
George,
1996).
Given
these
assumptions,
it
is
clear
that
traumatic
experiences
in
the
parent,
stored
in
a
dysfunctional
way,
can
be
reactivated
in
the
parent’s
caregiving
system,
defining
an
IWM
of
attachment
system
of
the
child
that
holds
the
memory
traces
of
such
traumatic
events.
In
this
regard,
a
series
of
tools
such
as
the
Child
Attachment
Interview
(Target
et
al.
2007)
and
the
Parent
Development
Interview
(Slade
et
al.
1993)
which
constitute
a
needful
resource
for
the
assessment
of
IWM
of
attachment
and
caregiving
system
will
be
presented.
A
clinical
case
in
which
mother
in
EMDR
treatment
had
an
indirect
positive
effect
on
mother-‐child
relationship
and
on
the
child’s
wellbeing
will
be
reported.
The
results
have
been
documented
and
show
clear
changes
in
the
mental
representations
of
the
caregiving
system
measured
with
PDI.
The
results
will
be
shown.
La
investigación
sobre
el
apego
ha
proporcionado
representaciones
del
rol
del
apego
parental
en
función
de
la
calidad
del
apego
desarrollado
por
sus
hijos
(George,
Kaplan
e
Main,
1984/1985/1996;
van
Ijzerdoorn,
1995).
Investigaciones
anteriores
han
mostrado
que
existe
una
asociación
entre
los
cuidadores
problemáticos
y
el
apego
inseguro
y
la
psicopatológica
(e.g.,
Greenberg,
1999;
O’Connor,
Marvin,
Rutter,
Olrick,
&
Britner,
2003;
Rutter,
2006).
Por
otro
lado,
el
apego
seguro
en
la
infancia
y
la
etapa
adulta
es
asociado
con
una
historia
de
participación
activa
y
sensible
de
las
relaciones
de
los
cuidadores
(Cairns,
2002;
Mikulincer
&
Shaver,
2007).
Los
resultados
nos
llevan
a
la
hipótesis
de
transmisión
intergeneracional
del
apego
identificada
por
Van
Ijzendoorn
(1995).
Estos
estudios,
sin
embargo,
fallaron
a
la
hora
de
explicar
porqué
el
apego
inseguro
de
los
padres
no
desembocaba
necesariamente
a
un
patrón
de
apego
inseguro
en
el
niño,
no
debido
a
que
los
patrones
inseguros
del
apego
del
niño
pueden
llegar
a
desarrollarse
incluso
con
unas
experiencias
positivas
de
apego
con
sus
cuidadores
(Solomon
e
George,
2000).
En
línea
con
estas
investigaciones
y
recuperando
un
aspecto
propuesto
por
Bowlby
(1969),
George
e
Solomon
(1999;
Solomon
e
George,
2000)
(1969),
los
cuales
propusieron
un
enfoque
diferente
en
el
estudio
de
las
relaciones
padres-‐
hijo,
señalando
las
diferencias
entre
el
sistema
de
apego
y
el
sistema
de
cuidados,
debido
a
las
influencias
entre
ambos
debido
a
que
son
complementarios.
Estos
autores
se
propusieron
investigar
las
características
específicas
del
sistema
de
cuidado,
prestando
más
atención
a
la
relación
entre
el
niño
y
el
cuidador.
Nuestra
hipótesis
es
que
las
características
de
dicha
relación
pueden
afectar
al
enlace
entre
las
experiencias
pasadas
de
apego
del
cuidador
y
los
patrones
de
apego
desarrollados
por
el
niño,
representando
un
elemento
importante
para
el
entendimiento
del
comportamiento
y
la
calidad
del
cuidado.
Sin
embargo
el
IWM
del
padre,
puede
ser
uno
de
os
predictores
más
importantes
a
la
hora
de
estimar
la
calidad
del
apego
desarrollada
por
el
niño,
capaz
de
conducir
el
estado
mental
del
cuidador
al
suyo
propio
(Solomon
e
George,
1996).
Tomando
estas
afirmaciones,
está
claro
que
las
experiencias
traumáticas
en
los
padres,
almacenadas
de
manera
disfuncional,
pueden
ser
reactivadas
en
el
sistema
de
cuidado
de
los
padres,
definiendo
un
IWN
de
sistema
de
apego
del
niño
que
guarda
trazas
de
memoria
de
dichos
eventos
traumáticos
En
relación
con
esto
presentaremos
una
serie
de
herramientas
como
la
“Child
Attachment
Interview
(Target
et
al.
2007)
y
la
“Parent
Development
Interview”
(Slade
et
al.
1993),
que
constituyen
un
recurso
necesario
para
la
asignación
del
IWN
de
apego
y
sistema
de
cuidado.
Mostraremos
un
caso
clínico
en
donde
la
madre
realizo
EMDR
y
tuvo
un
efecto
indirecto
positivo
en
la
relación
madre-‐hijo
y
en
el
bienestar
del
niño.
Los
resultados
han
sido
documentados
con
un
claro
cambio
de
la
representación
mental
del
sistema
de
cuidado
medido
con
el
PDI.
Se
mostrarán
los
resultados
Keywords: Parenting
Accuracy Verified: Yes
39. Matthess, H., & Woller, W. (2010, June). EMDR and personality disorders. Preconference presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Over the last few years, causal relationships between childhood traumatic experiences and the development of personalities have been increasingly discussed. An understanding of personality disorders as a consequence of attachment trauma creates new therapeutic approaches for patients who are considered difficult to treat, though urgently in need of therapy.
First of all, the workshop will present an overview of possible neurobiological causes responsible for evolutionary principles of specific patterns of experiencing and behaviour in personality disorders. Most of their features can be explained as being natural reactions to extreme traumatic stress: unresolved traumatic experiences that cannot be encoded chronologically are, to a varying degree, subjectively experienced as separated from the personality. Other features of personality disorders, such as emotion regulation and mentalization function, can be understood as being a consequence of attachment trauma as well.
Following this, a treatment conception will be presented that combines elements from trauma therapies with aspects of a psychodynamic understanding of attachment relationships. Among others, the problems of personality-disordered patients related to regulating closeness and distance, resulting from their fears of intimacy and abandonment, will be addressed. Finally, the implications of the discussed topics for EMDR treatment will be considered.
Keywords: Personality Disorders
Accuracy Verified: Yes
40. de Jongh, A. (2008, September). EMDR and phobias: Treatment of fears and phobias with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)[EMDR bei angst: Und panikstörungen]. Pre-Congress presentation at the European Congress of Hypnosis, Vienna, Austria.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) has been shown to be a structured, noninvasive, time-limited, and evidence-based treatment for the processing of memories of traumatic conditioning events and related symptomatology.
There is a growing body of evidence showing the effectiveness of EMDR for specific phobias, a group of conditions that have been found to be more prevalent than any other group of psychiatric disorders studied.
This workshop focuses on EMDR as a treatment approach for fear reactions related
to - and avoidance of - specific objects and situations. The participants will learn:
1) about the fascinating possibilities of using EMDR in their work
2) how EMDR can be applied with clients who suffer from fears and phobias
3) to assess clients with patterns of fearful avoidance and to identify strategically important memories of earlier negative learning experiences for processing
4) to integrate EMDR interventions into a general (hypno)therapeutic approach.
This will be illustrated by segments of video taped treatment sessions of clients suffering from a broad diversity of phobias (e.g., dental phobia, vomiting phobia, shark phobia).
Keywords: Phobias Dental Phobias Shark Phobias Vomiting Phobias
Accuracy Verified: Yes
41. Phillips, M. (2001, June). EMDR and the body. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Austin, TX.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
This course presents a five-step model for body focused psychotherapy. Specific methods for incorporating EMDR into each phase are included. The existing EMDR somatic protocol is expanded to facilitate skill development in the areas of body awareness, sensory discrimination, symbolization, body learnings, and integration of more functional somatic patterns. Topics include uses of EMDR to create the body safe place, develop the body felt sense, reduce pain and increase comfort, reprocess aspects of trauma, and explore somatic developmental issues.
Keywords: Body Awareness Body Felt Sense Body-Focused Psychotherapy Body Learnings Body Safe Place Sensory Discrimination Symbolization
Accuracy Verified: Yes
42. Dworkin, M. (2005). EMDR and the relational imperative: The therapeutic relationship in EMDR treatment. New York: Routledge.
Language: English
Format: Book
Abstract:
This book is a commentary on Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), based on my observations from clinical practice, that amplifies the relational perspective to Francine Shapiro's standard methodology. During the last 14 years I have conducted more than 5,000 EMDR sessions. The patterns of response I have seen in my clients and the latest discoveries in the neurosciences, which support my conviction in the relational imperative, have prompted me to write this commentary.The main theme of my book is that healing takes place when proper knowledge of the standard methodology is integrated into the context of the therapeutic relationship. I offer this work to enrich the reader's understanding of how I practice EMDR clinically. I have not conducted research to validate my opinions. This work is based on acute and repeated clinical observations of the many clients with whom I have had the privilege to work. [Adapted from Preface]
Keywords: Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Alliance
Accuracy Verified: Yes
43. Rogers, S. (1998, July). EMDR and the resolution of guilt in a veteran population. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Baltimore, MD.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Participants will: 1) be able to differentiate between survivor guilt, bystander guilt, and perpetrator guilt and will become familiar with some of the literature addressing this issue; 2) become familiar with common patterns of naturally-occurring resolution of guilt during EMDR; 3) learn some ways the issue of guilt in clients'presentations, how to present EMDR in a way which can be accepted by clients, and how to frame cognitive interweaves which can be used by clients whose guilt may be "reality based."
Accuracy Verified: Yes
44. Spierings, J. (2008, September). EMDR and traumatic grief: EMDR in the treatment of traumatic grief [EMDR bei traumatischer trauer] . Pre-Congress at the 11th Congress of the European Society of Hypnosis in Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
The lecture deals with the six patterns of complicated grief (denied, postponed, chronic, twisted, traumatic, and somatised grief) and for each pattern the outlines of a treatment plan and applications of EMDR within this treatment plan will be discussed.
So this is the opportunity to hear something about a very special application of EMDR which is very useful and helpful für a large number of patients in daily practice.
Keywords: Grief
Accuracy Verified: Yes
45. St. André, É. (2010, Avril/Mai). EMDR dans le traitement d’un trouble obsessif compulsif: Une étude de cas [EMDR in the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder: A case study]. Atelier présenté à la réunion annuelle de l'EMDR Canada, Toronto, Ontario.
Language: French
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Le trouble obsessif compulsif (TOC) est un trouble anxieux généralement chronique se présentant avec des obsessions récurrentes tel des idées persistantes, des images mentales et des compulsions (suivant les obsessions) tel des actes physiques ou mentaux répétitifs.
Dans cet atelier, le médecin fournira des indications cliniques sur son utilisation de l’EMDR dans le traitement d’un patient souffrant de TOC, et donnera quelques exemples tirés de la pratique d’autres cliniciens, en sus d’une révision des notions de base utiles à la compréhension du TOC (théorie neurobiologiques, épidémiologie, etc.).
La présentatrice tentera de souligner ce qu’il y a d’unique dans l’utilisation de l’EMDR dans le traitement de l’OCD, les difficultés rencontrées et les solutions utilisées dans ce cas précis. Elle décrira l’utilisation de la méthode de traitement standard en 8 étapes dans un cas spécifique, et dans les modalités de temps (passé, présent, futur), Nous verrons l’identification des cibles de traitement, et la gestion des symptômes de TOC qui entravent le fonctionnement quotidien des patients affectés. Nous verrons aussi les défis proposés par cette population, en clinique. Les participants pourront utiliser certaines stratégies dans un exercice pratique. (Tous les niveaux)
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is an anxiety disorder typically presenting with chronic recurrent obsessions such persistent ideas, images and mental compulsions (as obsessions) as acts of physical or mental patterns. In this workshop, the doctor will provide information on clinical use of EMDR in treating a patient suffering from OCD, and provide some examples from the practice of other clinicians, in addition to a review of concepts useful background for understanding the TOC (theory neurobiology, epidemiology, etc..). The presenter will attempt to highlight what is unique in the use of EMDR in the treatment of OCD, the difficulties encountered and solutions used in this case. She will describe the use of the method of standard treatment in 8 steps in a specific case and in terms of time (past, present, future), we see the identification of treatment targets, and management of symptoms of OCD which hinder the daily operation of affected patients. We will also see the challenges offered by this population in clinical practice. Participants may use certain strategies in a practical exercise.
Keywords: Case Study Obsessive Compulsive Disorder OCD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
46. Fransosa, N. (2003, Maggio). EMDR e programmazione neuro linguistica due modelli sinergici [EMDR anbd neurolinguistic Programming (NLP) - Two synergic models]. Poster presentato alla riunione annuale della Associazione EMDR Europa, Roma, Italia.
Language: Italian
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Programmazione Neuro-Linguistica (PNL) gli studi dei motivi o "programmazione" creati dall'interazione tra cervello (neuro), linguaggio (linguistica) e il corpo. (1)
Analogamente a EMDR, PNL si riferisce ad altri modelli della psicologia e della psicoterapia come la Gestalt, cognitivismo, comportamentismo ecc.
Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) studies the patterns or ”programming” created by the interaction between the brain (neuro), language (linguistic) and the body. (1)
Similarly to EMDR, NLP refers to other models of psychology and psychotherapy such as Gestalt, Cognitivism, Behaviourism etc.
Keywords: Neurolinguistic Programming NPL Poster
Accuracy Verified: Yes
47. Seidler, G. H., Wagner, F. E., Feurer, D. C., Micka, R., Kirsch, A., & Hofmann, A. (2004). EMDR in der behandlung von akut traumatisierten mit "akuter PTSD" [EMDR in the treatment of acute traumatized patients with "acute PTSD"]. Zeitschrift für Psychotraumatologie und Psychologische Medizin (ZPPM), 2(1), 61-72.
Language: German
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Nach begrifflichen Präzisierungen zum Verständnis von „akut“ wird eine Studie skizziert, in der akut traumatisierte Gewaltopfer mit unterschiedlichen treatments (nur EMDR, EMDR und Stabilisierungsgruppe, nur Stabilisierungsgruppe) behandelt werden. Zu den Untersuchungen gehören auch Mimikanalysen. Erste Ergebnisse belegen die Wirksamkeit der EMDR-Therapie und demonstrieren unterschiedliche mimische Aktivitätsmuster in Abhängigkeit von der Schwere des jeweiligen Traumas.
We are conducting a study according to conceptual specifications of our understanding of 'acute', in which acutely traumatized victims of violence are treated with various treatments (either solely EMDR, EMDR and stabilization exercises in group setting, or solely stabilization exercises in group setting). Analyses of facial expressions are included in the research. The initial findings prove the efficacy of EMDR therapy and demonstrate the different mimic or facial patterns as dependent on the severity of the trauma experienced. [Author Summary]
Keywords: Acute Stress Disorder ASD Clinical Trial Crime Germans Interpersonal Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Survivors Treatment Effectiveness
Accuracy Verified: Yes
48. Woller, W. (2003). EMDR in der psychotherapie von persönlichkeitsstörungen [EMDR in the treatment of personality disorders]. Zeitschrift für Psychotraumatologie und Psychologische Medizin (ZPPM), 1(3), 17-24.
Language: German
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Behandlung psychotraumatischer belastungsstörungen mit EMDR
Die Arbeit stellt dar, (1) welche Modifikationen oder Einschränkungen sich für die Behandlung Posttraumatischer Belastungsstörungen mit EMDR durch die Präsenz komorbider Persönlichkeitsstörungen ergeben und (2) welche Möglichkeiten EMDR darüber hinaus für die Behandlung von Persönlichkeitsstörungen ohne die Symptomatik einer PTBS bieten kann. Beim Vorliegen einer Persönlichkeitsstörung muss EMDR in einen Gesamtbehandlungsplan integriert werden, der neben umfassender Stabilisierung, Symptomkontrolle und Ressourcenaktivierung die Modifikation verzerrter interpersoneller Wahrnehmungsmuster und maladaptiver Interaktionsmuster umfasst. Probleme der therapeutischen Arbeitsbeziehung können die Stabilisierungsphase schwierig und zeitaufwändig gestalten. Die EMDR-Technik muss entsprechend dem Typ der Persönlichkeitsstörung, der Abwehrstruktur und der symptomatischen Komorbidität modifiziert werden. Zusätzlich zur Behandlung von Traumatisierungen kann EMDR zur Bewältigung aktueller und künftiger Stressoren und zur Ressourcenstärkung eingesetzt werden.
EMDR has been shown to be an effective treatment method in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). There is a marked comorbidity between PTSD and personality disorders, some of which have been found to be long-term sequelae of cumulative childhood physical and sexual traumatization. Personality disorders are also included in the concepts of "complex PTSD" and "DESNOS". The paper discusses (1) modifications and limitations of EMDR technique required for treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder with comorbid personality disorders, and (2) further applications of EMDR in the treatment of personality disorders without PTSD. If comorbid personality disorder is present, EMDR has to be integrated into a complex treatment plan which includes stabilization, symptom control, resource installation, identification of distorted interpersonal perceptions, and modification of maladaptive interpersonal interactions. Because of the central role of generalized negative beliefs in maintaining cyclical maladaptive patterns, EMDR is regarded a valuable tool to modify negative beliefs along with processing traumatic memories and body sensations. Problems of therapeutic alliance due to transference phenomena and acting-out can make stabilization difficult and time-consuming. EMDR technique should be subjected to important modifications depending on personality disorder subtype, defence structure and symptomatic comorbidity. Structural dissociations of the personality (e.g. as in dissociative identity disorder) call for a consideration of all ego-states of the personality system before planning EMDR treatment. In addition to unresolved trauma, current and future interpersonal stressors can be chosen as EMDR targets.
Keywords: Personality Disorders
Accuracy Verified: Yes
49. Purandare, M., Bhagwagar, H., & Tank, P. (2010, July). EMDR on children affected by the earthquake. Presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Efficacy of EMDR on Children Affected by Earthquake: The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy of EMDR as an
intervention technique for trauma victims. A sample of 50 students, studying in 10th grade, age ranging from 14 to 16 years
were selected. The Impact of Event Scale (IES) was administered to measure the intensity of trauma experienced. A pre-post
test research design was used in the study. The results were in the predicted direction. EMDR was found to be effective in
reducing avoidance, intrusion and hyper arousal as well as overall impact of trauma.
“Group EMDR With Earthquake Survivors”
The current study is an attempt to understand the impact of a specific traumatic events and its expression in children i.e. the
earthquake that occurred in Gujarat, Western India in January 2001.
This study was a part of the therapy work conducted with the survivors of the earthquake by the group of 40 practitioners
from Mumbai and was over 4 months.
The paper will present the following aspects:
1. The symptoms seen among the children depicting PTSD as per DSM IV criteria. Signs of Hyper-arousal, Avoidance and
Intrusion were clearly seen especially in children
2. The process used. This was a modified version of the standard 8 phase protocol appropriate for use with group work.
Butterfly hugs were used as BLS. Stages of EMDR for this group:
3. Observations and a few unique experiences
These include blocking of trauma image, difficulty in safe place visualizing, difficulty in distancing and using creative
techniques for soothing and relaxation.
4. Impact of the EMDR intervention with this group
More than 16000 children from about 30 schools were seen. based on observations and reports by teachers during the
follow up showed reduction in anxiety, reports of life resembling pre-earthquake, improved attention and concentration,
better sleeping patterns and lowering of somatic complaints.
Impact and expression of trauma in children exposed to the earthquake: The current study is an attempt to understand
the impact of a specific traumatic event and its expression in children i.e. the earthquake that occurred in Gujarat, western
India in January 2001. The Butterfly hug technique for bilateral stimulation was used following 8 steps of EMDR. Drawings
of children were used as their expressions during different phases of EMDR. Drawings during “ Assessment phase” depicted
feelings of insecurity, a sense of vacuum and emptiness, low energy levels, a desire for contact and help, feelings of guilt, poor
body image, hypersensitivity was noticed almost universally and even during therapy. Drawings, following the processing
and installation phases indicated the facial expression changed to a smile. Tears which were present in almost all drawings
were not noted Positive cognitions were reflected in terms of the growth and freshness e.g. the newly growing grass. In spite
of the various symptoms of post traumatic stress disorder, no gross disintegration of personality had been noted.
Keywords: Children Earthquake
Accuracy Verified: Yes
50. Korn, D. L. (2008, May). EMDR treatment with survivors of chronic abuse and neglect: Repairing developmental deficits and shattered selves - [Utilisation d’EMDR dans le traitement des survivants d’abus ou négligence chroniques: Réparer les déficits développementaux et les sois éclatés]. Presentation at an annual meeting of EMDR Canada, Montréal, Quebec Canada.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Cet atelier d’une journée met l’accent sur l’intégration de l’EMDR à l’intérieur d’un plan thérapeutique. Nous aborderons l’utilisation d’EMDR pour traiter le Stress post-traumatique complexe, de même que d’autres syndromes cliniques d’origine traumatique, tels que le Trouble de personnalité limite et les Troubles
dissociatifs. Des modifications et/ou additions au protocole EMDR seront proposées afin de tenir compte des capacités limitées à tolérer les affects, des défenses rigides, de la sur-utilisation des stratégies d’évitement, des conflits entre les états du moi, des tendances à la dissociation ou des dérégulations émotionnelles
importantes.
Nous aborderons l’évaluation des aspects développementaux et des besoins d’attachement du client, l’établissement d’une bonne compréhension de la situation clinique et le développement d’un plan de traitement intégré avec des objectifs atteignables et réalisables. On portera plus particulièrement notre attention sur l’intégration de l’EMDR comme moyen de renforcer l’Ego et le développement des ressources au
cours des différentes étapes du traitement.
This full-day workshop will focus on integrating EMDR into an overall recovery plan. The use of EMDR in treating complex PTSD as well as other trauma-related syndromes such as borderline personality disorder and dissociative disorders will be addressed. In recognition of clients’ limited affect tolerance, rigid defenses,
overdeveloped avoidance patterns, ego state conflicts, dissociative tendencies, and extreme emotional dysregulation, strategies for modifying and supplementing standard EMDR protocols will be explored.
Assessing the developmental and attachment needs of the client, establishing a useful case conceptualization, and developing an integrated treatment plan with achievable goals will be discussed. Considerable attention will be devoted to integrating EMDR ego strengthening and resource development protocols into all phases of treatment.
Keywords: Complex PTSD Dissociative Disorders
Accuracy Verified: Yes
51. Jacobs, S., de Jong, A., & Strack, M. (2007). EMDR und biofeedback in der therapie posttraumatischer belastungsstörungen: Evaluation eines neuropsychotherapeutischen behandlungsprogramms [EMDR and biofeedback in the therapy of posttraumatic stress disorder: Evaluation of a neuropsychotherapeutic intervention]. Verhaltenstherapie & Psychosoziale Praxis: VPP, 39(4), 855-876.
Language: German
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Eine neu entwickelte multimodale, neuropsychotherapeutic Programm für die Behandlung der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS) wurde ausgewertet. Ausgehend von neueren Erkenntnissen in der Forschung neuroscienctific, so dass eine Dissoziation zwischen impliziter und expliziter Trauma-Speicher die wichtigste Grundlage der PTBS ist, verschiedene Module wurden im Rahmen der Behandlung integriert anzuzeigen. Die vereinigten Komponenten sind: spezifische Hintergrundinformationen über die Unordnung und typische PTSD-Symptome, eine pädagogische Film für Patienten, spezifische kognitive Verhaltenstherapie und Biofeedback-Techniken unterstützte Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). Das Ziel der Biofeedback-Sitzungen während EMDR ist es, den Patienten eine direkte Rückmeldung über die implizite Prozesse während der Trauma-Exposition. Darüber hinaus Erfassung der physiologischen Daten über Biofeedback ermöglicht das Testen, ob es eine Korrelation zwischen dem Grad der subjektiven Belastung durch traumatische Erinnerungen ausgelöst (quantifiziert mit der SUD-Skala), und messbare physiologische Erregung. Elektrodermale Aktivität (EDA; Hautleitfähigkeit) wurde als eine physiologische Parameter gemessen. Die Ergebnisse einer durchgeführten Pilot-Studie (16 Patienten auf der Grundlage, mit einem wartenden Gruppe als Kontrollgruppe) zeigen verschiedene EDA-Muster während EMDR-desensitivation (fad und assoziative Wiederaufbereitung). Ein offensichtlich Reduktion der PTBS-Symptome gefunden (d = 2,27) sein, die stärker ist als in anderen Behandlungen. Die traumatischen Erinnerungen mit EMDR behandelt wurde weniger Anstrengung, die ebenfalls reflektiert in der Physiologie (verminderte autonome Erregung) und in der subjektiven Belastung fühlte sich durch die Patienten. Die Kürzungen der Erregung (d = 1,01) und subjektive Belastung (d = 2,55) zeigen, dass eine effektive Hemmung der Aktivierung der Amygdala-und damit der Angstreaktion selbst-aufgrund der Intervention geschaffen. Mit EMDR reduziert die Amygdala physiologische Erregung. Wir vermuten, dass aus diesem Grund den medialen präfrontalen Kortex und im Hippocampus kann eine kortikale Inhibition, die erfolgreich reduziert die Angst-Reaktion (Grawe, 2004) zu etablieren. Die berichteten Ergebnisse wurden durch einen dreimonatigen Follow-up-Bewertung bestätigt. Mit einer durchschnittlichen Dauer von 16 Sitzungen und einer nicht vorhandenen Drop-out-Rate (0%), die Intervention erwiesen sich ebenfalls als sehr effizient. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, alle Rechte vorbehalten)
A newly developed multimodal, neuropsychotherapeutic program for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was evaluated. Starting from recent findings in the neuroscienctific research, which indicate that a dissociation between implicit and explicit trauma-memory is the main basis of PTSD, different modules were integrated within the treatment. The combined components are: specific background information regarding the disorder and typical PTSD-symptoms, an educational movie for patients, specific cognitive behavioral intervention techniques and biofeedback-supported Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). The aim of using biofeedback during EMDR sessions is to give patients a direct feedback about the implicit processes during trauma-exposition. In addition, recording the physiological data via biofeedback allows testing if there is a correlation between the level of subjective strain, triggered by traumatic memories (quantified with the SUD-scale), and measurable physiological arousal. Electrodermal activity (EDA; skin conductance) was measured as a physiological parameter. The results of a conducted pilot-study (based on 16 patients, with a waiting group as a control group) show different EDA-patterns during EMDR-desensitivation (bland and associative reprocessing). An evident reduction of the PTSD-symptoms could be found (d = 2.27), which is stronger than in other treatments. The traumatic memories treated with EMDR became less straining, which reflects likewise in physiology (decreased autonomous arousal) and in the subjective strain felt by the patients. The reductions of arousal (d = 1.01) and subjective strain (d = 2.55) indicate that an effective inhibition of the amygdala activation—and thereby of the anxiety reaction itself—is created due to the intervention. Using EMDR reduces the amygdala induced physiological arousal. We suppose that for this reason the medial prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus can establish a cortical inhibition, which successfully reduces the anxiety reaction (Grawe, 2004). The reported results were confirmed by a three month follow-up evaluation. With an average duration of 16 sessions and a non-existing drop-out rate (0%), the intervention also proved to be very efficient. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Biofeedback PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
52. Darker-Smith, S. (2007, June). EMDR vs CBT in the treatment of anorexia nervosa: A preliminary study. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
In working with clients with anorexia nervosa for the past 18 months, it has become apparent that while many clinicians continue to utilise a variety of treatment means, CBT or systemic family therapy are often treatments most frequently offered to the sufferer. However, what does appear to be consistent is the general view (e.g., Waller; Treasure; Brewer) that ‘recovery’ will take an average between 1 to 2 years with many clients suffering from this disorder never making a full or complete recovery.
With this in mind, sixteen clients with a previous diagnosis of anorexia nervosa and under medical supervision with a BMI of 16.5 – 18 and still meeting the mental criteria of anorexia nervosa (DSM IV) were offered either EMDR (N.10) or CBT (N.6). Starting with the premise that most sufferers of anorexia nervosa argued that simply ‘eating’ is not the answer – but rather the mechanism by which control is maintained – it was agreed that regular weigh-ins and the use of food journals would form part of the study – however, no therapeutic emphasis would be placed directly on food in either the CBT or the EMDR group.
Those receiving EMDR recovered substantially quicker and with less food-related exposure, once the target memory precipitating the anorexic onset was identified. Interestingly, food intake and weight increased without needing to be targeted as a separate matter, once the ‘feeder’ memory had been adapted in 8 out of the 10 EMDR clients. In the remaining two clients, behavioural experiments targeting the “practice of behaving (and eating) normally’ one day a week in order to reduce the fear of ‘normality’ was used with good effect.
Whilst the CBT group did improve, they continued to fluctuate in terms of active anorexic patterns of behaviour and their weight or food intake did not appear to improve significantly.
Although the trial lasted for 6 months duration, on average, the EMDR group reached ‘recovery’ at around 3-4 month mark, compared to the CBT group of which five noticed ‘improvement,’ however, did not appear to have increased weight and still reported phobic reactions to both body-mage and food at the 4 month mark. One in the CBT group did make a significant improvement based on cognitive restructuring alone and this client did increase weight and intake significantly at the same ratio as the EMDR group.
At the initial 1-month follow-up post-study, the CBT group were still exhibiting symptoms of mental pre-occupation with diet/weight compared to the EMDR group who had reached normal BMI ranges (N.9) and all reported little to no pre-occupation with diet/eight.
Although this study is still pending follow-ups of all clients, there would appear, on the basis of this preliminary study that anorexia nervosa appears to respond better to EMDR in shorter treatment duration than CBT.
Furthermore, six of the EMDR group reposed using safe-space imagery to reduce their anxieties surrounding food and this may have been a contributory factor.
Keywords: Anorexia Nervosa CBT Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
53. Gonzalez, A., & & Mosquera, D. (2012). EMDR y disociación. El enfoque progresivo [EMDR and dissociation: The progressive approach]. Madrid, Spain: Ediciones Pleyades.
Language: Spanish
Format: Book
Abstract:
Durante las últimas dos décadas, el EMDR se ha convertido en una opción de primera línea para el tratamiento de trastornos de estrés postraumático asociados a la exposición de eventos traumáticos, como accidentes, catástrofes naturales o desastres creados por el hombre. Mientras tanto, los clínicos han visto que la aplicación de EMDR es útil en el tratamiento de pacientes que han sufrido episodios emocionalmente traumáticos, descritos por ellos como característicos de su familia de origen, su historia personal y sus relaciones de apego. Un gran número de investigaciones y publicaciones han examinado en profundidad la eficacia de EMDR en este campo de trabajo de la psicoterapia. Por lo tanto, el EMDR está siendo utilizando cada vez más por los clínicos, trabajando con personas que sufren de traumas crónicos vinculados a relaciones interpersonales traumáticas.
Es de sobra conocido que, en los primeros años de vida, las interacciones con los demás dan lugar a conexiones importantes en el cerebro, que progresivamente influyen en la sensación interna que tenemos de nosotros mismos y la capacidad de tener relaciones sanas con el mundo exterior. Las experiencias de relaciones con las figuras de apego durante la infancia temprana pueden ayudar a desarrollar la autorregulación emocional y contribuir a la formación de patrones cognitivos, conductuales y emocionales. La investigación sobre el apego ha demostrado que son estas relaciones las que influyen en el desarrollo de la capacidad de equilibrar las emociones, establecer intimidad interpersonal, así como de la capacidad de autorreflexión y mentalización. Además, es evidente que la comunicación interpersonal y emocional dentro de la familia de origen puede sentar las bases para el desarrollo de recursos, el sentirse valioso y la resiliencia cuando uno está bajo una fuerte tensión emocional, fomentando por tanto la salud mental.
During the past two decades, EMDR has become a first line option for the treatment of PTSD associated with exposure to traumatic events such as accidents, natural disasters or man-made disasters. Meanwhile, clinicians have found that the application of EMDR is useful in treating patients who have suffered emotionally traumatic events described by them as characteristic of their family of origin, personal history and their attachment relationships. A lot of research and publications have examined in depth the effectiveness of EMDR in this field of work of psychotherapy. Therefore, EMDR is being used increasingly by clinicians, working with people suffering from chronic trauma related to interpersonal trauma. It is well known that in the first years of life, interactions with others lead to important connections in the brain that progressively influence the internal sense of ourselves and the ability to have healthy relationships with the outside world . The experiences of relationships with attachment figures in early childhood may help develop emotional self-regulation and contribute to the formation of cognitive patterns, behavioral and emotional problems. The attachment research has shown that it is these relationships that influence the development of the ability to balance emotions, establish interpersonal intimacy and the capacity for self-reflection and awareness. It is also clear that interpersonal and emotional communication within the family of origin may lay the foundation for the development of resources, to feel valued and resilience when one is under emotional stress, thus promoting mental health.
Keywords: Dissociation
Accuracy Verified: Yes
54. Wesselmann, D., Schweitzer, C., Bruckner, D., & Armstrong, S. (2012, October). EMDR-family therapy integrative team approach for healing attachment trauma in children. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Arlington, VA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Children who have experienced early maltreatment and who have been relinquished or removed from birth families frequently exhibit severe and challenging behaviors. Therapists are caught in a Catch-22, as children require an emotionally supportive environment from caregivers to open up emotionally and address the traumas underlying their behaviors, and yet the child behaviors create feelings in the the parents that prevent them from being able to provide emotional support. The EMDR Integrative Team model allows for collaboration between a family therapist and an EMDR therapist in order to change parent-child patterns and create a “secure holding environment” for trauma therapy.
Keywords: Attachment Trauma Children Family Therapy Intergrative Approach
Accuracy Verified: Yes
55. Morris-Smith, J. (2002). EMDR: A case for pre-verbal memory?. In J. Morris-Smith, (Ed.), EMDR : Clinical applications with children, Occasional paper no. 19 (pp. 23-29) London: The Association for Child Psychology and Psychiatry.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
The use of EMDR with children aged 4 years and over who have been exposed to physical abuse, disasters and other traumatic incidents in their infancy and early childhood is beginning to reveal some interesting material. The characteristics of the play and behaviours of traumatized young children were described by Terr (1991). It is suggested that the use of EMDR as a treatment approach is indicative that long-term retention for pre-verbal traumatic events does occur for children traumatised in infancy and perhaps even in the womb. This presentation presents two cases treated by EMDR in which it appears that the children are accessing and processing experiences that occurred too early in development to be encoded with language. EMDR helps these children access and process very early traumatisation and in some cases they are then able to report on them verbally. It is hypothesized that the EMDR technique helps create a verbal narrative for the early memories, and that this allows the child to process and integrate their sensations, emotions and cognitions within a more coherent personal biography. The ability of EMDR to help a child to process and bring to resolution hitherto almost inaccessible infantile memories particularly those relating to abuse, has enormous implications for the child's ability to move on and form healthier attachments and more construction behaviour patterns. It suggests new avenues for research into infantile traumatic memories and their impact on the developing child.
Keywords: Memory Occasional Paper Pre-verbal
Accuracy Verified: Yes
56. Timoshchuk, I. G. (1997, January). EMDR: Functions providing the dynamics of transformation. EMDRIA Newsletter, 2(3), 15-16.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract:
In psychotherapy, the solving of a client’s problems is usually connected with the transformation of his or her personal features or some aspects of his or her experience. These could be changes in his or her systems of values, personal meanings and rules, habitual behavioral patterns, etc. These changes derive from the complex of deep transformations involving while systems of psychics. The system analysis of the multilevel hierarchical; structure formed by connections between the conscious and unconscious allows us to detest both the changing mechanisms and main functions providing the transformation, e.g., to solve a problem.
Keywords: Transformation
Accuracy Verified: Yes
57. Ogden, P. (2004, September). Empowering the body: Somatic awareness and physical action in the treatment of trauma and dissociation. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Assocation, Montreal, Quebec Canada.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
The repetitive traumatic patterns our clients come to us to change are not only psychological but somatic, clearly reflected in posture, energy level, movement, regulation of arousal and other physical attributes. Changing these patterns cannot be accomplished by insight alone. The procedural memory that keeps such behaviors and dissociative patterns in in place must be addressed. A body-oriented approach is indicated that facilitates new actions and addresses dissociative symptoms, including somaticcomponents of traumatic memories (e.g., pain, analgesia, and motor inhibitions) and avoidance-related symptoms such as bodily anesthesia. Sensorimotor Psychotherapy emphasizes practicing new actions and building other somatic resouces to mitigate symptoms and develop a somatic sense of self. In this workshop, somatic interventions that can be integrated into existing clinical skills will be taught and illustrated through excerpts of videotaped therapy sessions and brief experiential exercises.
Keywords: Dissociation Somatism Trauma
Accuracy Verified: Yes
58. Scharf, C., Berliner, K., Meyers, M., Schwartberg, N., & Weinshel, M. (2006, September). Enhancing couples therapy with EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Philadelphia, PA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: Couples often have difficulties changing present day maladaptive patterns of interaction when they are triggered by past traumatic events and/or attachment traumas. This workshop will demonstrate ways in which EMDR can be incorporated into couples therapy in order to interrupt "stuck" cycles of interaction, decrease reactivity. and deepen connections. Our work is informed by a family systems perspective and attachment theory. There will be a theoretical discussion on how we use EMDR in couples work, as well as an experiential exercise illustrating these concepts. Clinician examples and videtape excepts from a year-long course of therapy will illustrate thc ongoing choices the therapist makes in incorporating EMDR in her work with a couple. We will also demonstrate how one partner's witnessing and the other's being witnessed during the processing enhances the healing of old wounds and opens up possibilities for new ways of relating.
Keywords: Couples Therapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
59. Rosa-Uribe, M. E., & Ramírez, E. O. L. (2011). Evaluación de la naturaleza cognitiva dual de la depresión bajo la psicoterapia EMDR [Assessment of cognitive dual nature of EMDR psychotherapy on depression]. Revista Iberoamericana de Psicotraumatología y Disociación, 1(1), [29 pages].
Language: Spanish
Format: Other
Abstract:
La presente investigación se llevó a cabo con personas que fueron diagnosticadas con
depresión mayor y que participaron en un proceso terapéutico EMDR (por sus siglas en
inglés -Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing-). La recolección de datos se
realizó en la práctica clínica mediante el diseño de estudios de caso longitudinales, dentro de
los cuales se consideraron a la vez dos tipos de estudios cognitivos, organizados en tres
fases (inicial, intermedia y final). Los estudios cuasiexperimentales, de identificación de
valencia emocional bajo el paradigma de facilitación afectiva, se realizaron para observar los
cambios en el mecanismo de sesgo cognitivo emocional sobre las palabras depresogénicas.
Por su parte los estudios descriptivos, de análisis de representación emocional
depresogénica bajo la técnica de escalamiento multidimensional y de escalamiento
PathFinder, se utilizaron para determinar la forma en la que el esquema disfuncional era
modificado. Los resultados muestran que EMDR impactó tanto el procesamiento cognitivo de
la información emocional, como la organización conceptual en memoria a largo plazo. En la
sección de la discusión se hacen señalamientos interesantes sobre la integración de las
herramientas de la ciencia cognitiva de la emoción a la práctica del EMDR para la evaluación
cognitiva dual (implícita/explícita) de la recuperación de la depresión.
This research was conducted with people who were diagnosed with
major depression who participated in a therapeutic process EMDR (for short
English-Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing-). Data collection is
performed in clinical practice by designing longitudinal case studies, within
which were considered simultaneously two types of cognitive studies, organized in three
phases (initial, intermediate and final). Quasi studies, the identification of
emotional valence in the affective priming paradigm were conducted to observe the
changes in the mechanism of emotional cognitive bias on the words depressogenic.
For their part, descriptive studies, analysis of emotional representation
depresogénica under the multidimensional scaling technique and scaling
PathFinder, were used to determine the manner in which the pattern was dysfunctional
modified. The results show that both EMDR impacted cognitive processing
emotional information, such as conceptual organization in long term memory. in the
discussion section of the interesting remarks are made on the integration of
tools of cognitive science of emotion to the practice of EMDR for the evaluation
cognitive dual (implicit / explicit) of recovery of depression.
Keywords: Affective Priming Cognition Depression, Depressive Patterns Emotion
Accuracy Verified: Yes
60. Griffith, H. (2009, July). Evoking the embodied image with EMDR: Jung in the age of the brain. Presentation at the International Association for Jungian Studies Conference, Wales, Scotland.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
A new paradigm for understanding psychopathology is emerging out of the convergence of research in formerly disparate domains such as neurobiology, attachment theory, and the effects of trauma. At the same time, unorthodox treatment modalities such as EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) and the Energy therapies are beginning to gain favour in mainstream psychotherapy, not only because they seem to be supported by findings in fields such as neurobiology, but because they are so effective. As Jungians, I believe that our challenge is to revisit our work in the light of these latest scientific discoveries.
In this paper, I first outline what brain imaging techniques are revealing about the importance of the dance between mother and infant in the actual hard-wiring of the babys developing brain. I then focus on trauma research, which shows how the release of stress induced hormones can result in the disorganization of the brain and the consequent shut down of integrative neuronal pathways. If we bring these two streams of research together we can see how early trauma within the parent infant bond, in which there is no adequate container to prevent the baby from falling into unbearable anxiety and terror, can initiate the hard-wiring of dysfunctional attitudes and behaviours that become reinforced throughout the childs development.
I then briefly describe the EMDR protocol, which is proving to be a very effective technique in helping adult patients work through some of these dysfunctional patterns internalized in that very early parental dyad. This protocol uses a bilateral stimulation of the brain to engage a wider network of neuronal pathways to help process the painful psychological material, or complex, with which the patient is struggling. Facilitating a successful EMDR session is a little like witnessing a spontaneous active imagination as the patient weaves together the threads of a multitude of images, sensations, emotions, and cognitions into the fabric of a fuller, more nuanced, healing story of the self.
The purpose of my paper is to demonstrate how these recent theoretical insights and treatment protocols can illuminate and enhance a Jungian approach to conducting psychotherapy. What I find remarkable is the compatibility between much of the contemporary research on the brain and many of Jungs ideas about the psyche.
In this paper, however, I focus primarily on what we can learn about the complex. Drawing on numerous examples from case histories, I illustrate the effectiveness of the EMDR protocol in evoking the affect and embodied image at the core of the complex. I also demonstrate how the bilateral stimulation of the brain not only helps facilitate change but also, through the material which is engendered, gives us a window into how the complex was constructed in the first place.
Accuracy Verified: No
61. Schottenbauer, M. A. (2006). Expert therapists and practicing clinicians: Reported prototypical treatments of trauma. The Catholic University of America. AAT 3239353.
Language: English
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract:
PTSD is a frequent psychiatric response to a variety of extreme psychological stressors. While several effective treatments for PTSD such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) have been included on lists of empirically supported treatments, nonresponse rates to these treatments can be high. According to patient report, psychodynamic interventions are more common than CBT for PTSD in the community, yet only one randomized controlled trial has included a psychodynamic treatment for PTSD. This dissertation reviews the treatment dropout and non-response rates in studies of empirically supported treatments for PTSD. Next, a case for the value of psychodynamic treatment of PTSD is made, utilizing empirical research on links between the psychopathology of PTSD and psychodynamic concepts such as defenses and relationship patterns. Then, an empirical study was conducted to find out how psychodynamic and CBT therapists treat patients with PTSD, to discover commonalities and defining characteristics of treatment within each group of respondents, and to delineate the unique contributions of psychodynamic psychotherapy to the treatment of such patients.Therapists who identified themselves primarily with psychodynamic/psychoanalytic or cognitive-behavioral theoretical orientations were recruited online through professional organization listservs. They were randomly presented one of four case studies, describing variations on trauma. Participants then completed a Psychotherapy Process Q-Sort to describe quantitatively their ideal treatment of the given patient. Results indicated many similarities among clinicians of widely different perspectives. Among clinicians who indicated that their primary theoretical orientation was psychodynamic, three prototypical treatments were discovered, and among clinicians who indicated that their primary theoretical orientation was cognitive-behavioral, four prototypical treatments were found. Overall, the prototypes in the current study were correlated with, but not identical to, prototypes of PD, CBT, or interpersonal therapy (IPT) developed in previous studies based on experts' ratings. While the literature has suggested that clinicians who treat patients who have PTSD may make alterations in their techniques to address issues that are specific to PTSD, the current study provides some evidence that therapists are not aware of how their treatment for trauma is different from the theoretical approaches they endorse. [Author Abstract]
Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 67(10-B), 2007, pp. 6077.
Keywords: Cognitive Therapy Empirical Study Health Personnel Attitudes Mental Health Personnel Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Quantitative Study
Accuracy Verified: Yes
62. Hollander, H. E. (2009, March 10). Eye closure, eye movements: ECEM for the treatment of panic and depersonalization disorders. Presentation at the 51st American Society of Clinical Hypnosis Annual Scientific Meeting, Boston, MA .
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
ECEM, a novel technique that integrates the eye movement component of EMDR
within hypnosis, will be presented, with specific application to panic disorder and to
depersonalization disorder, conceptualized as a subtype of panic disorder. The workshop
will (1) provide a research review of neurophysiology and behavioral measures that support
conceptualization of depersonalization disorder as a subtype of panic disorder; (2) discuss
the use of ECEM (eye movements within hypnosis) to treat panic and depersonalization
disorder; (3) describe specifi c procedures using ECEM to interrupt attacks of panic and
depersonalization disorder; (4) describe how ECEM is used to reverse (up-regulate) feeling
of unfamiliar self, sensory numbness, cognitive freezing, de-realization - core symptoms
of depersonalization disorder; and (5) describe how ECEM is used to manage anticipatory
anxiety associated with panic or depersonalization disorder, recognizing overlap and
differences in hypnotic techniques and utilization of eye movements within hypnosis for
each disorder. Participants should be familiar with, or planning to take courses in EMDR.
The experiential component will include practice in managing dysfunctional breathing
patterns, practice in utilization of self-generated eye movements within hypnosis to treat
anticipatory anxiety-fear of panic or depersonalization episodes, and demonstration of
hypnotic techniques to up-regulate core symptoms of depersonalization disorder.
Upon completing this workshop, the participant should be able to:
1. Define three key characteristics of panic disorder and depersonalization;
2. Discuss ECEM and describe how ECEM is varied to treat one key similarity and
one key diff erence that is required in the management of an episode of
depersonalization disorder as distinct from panic disorder; and
3. Apply ECEM (hypnotic techniques and eye movements within hypnosis) to
modify anticipatory anxiety that is a feature of both panic and depersonalization
disorder.
Keywords: Depersonalization Disorders ECEM Eye CLosure Eye Movements Panic Disorders
Accuracy Verified: Yes
63. Shapiro, F. (2001, April). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) and the anxiety disorders: Clinical and research implications of an integrated psychotherapy treatment. Psicoterapia Cognitiva e Comportamentale, 7(1), 43-75.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Four recent, independent, rigorously controlled studies of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) have reported that 84 to 100% of single trauma victims no longer maintain the posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis after the equivalent of 3 90-minute sessions. The rapidity of EMDR treatment effects makes many ancillary research opportunities available. Specifically, the increased number of cases resolved in a relatively short period of time allows investigation of neurophysiological phenomena, patterns of cognitive and emotional processing, component analyses of a large range of procedural factors, and evaluation of the efficacy of application to diverse clinical populations. This article describes the procedures and protocols that are believed to contribute to EMDR's clinical effects and are, therefore, suggested for the EMDR treatment and research of the anxiety disorders. This is particularly relevant given the misconceptions that have abounded due to the unfortunate naming of the procedure after the eye movements, which have proved to be only one of many useful types of stimulation, and only one of many components of this complex, integrated treatment. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Anxiety Disorders Methodology Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Research Needs Review
Accuracy Verified: Yes
64. Shapiro, F. (1999, January-April). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) and the anxiety disorders: Clinical and research implications of an integrated psychotherapy treatment. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 13(1-2), 35-67. doi:10.1016/S0887-6185(98)00038-3.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Four recent, independent, rigorously controlled studies of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) have reported that 84 to 100% of single-trauma victims no longer maintain the posttraumatic stress disorder diagnosis after the equivalent of three 90-minute sessions. The rapidity of EMDR treatment effects makes many ancillary research opportunities available. Specifically, the increased number of cases resolved in a relatively short period of time allows investigation of neurophysiological phenomena, patterns of cognitive and emotional processing, component analyses of a large range of procedural factors, and evaluation of the efficacy of application to diverse clinical populations. Unfortunately, some research has been conducted that has been severely hampered by insufficient treatment fidelity and lack of clinical validity. Consequently, this article will attempt to describe the procedures and protocols that are believed to contribute to EMDR's clinical effects and are, therefore, suggested for the EMDR treatment and research of the anxiety disorders. This is particularly relevant given the misconceptions that have abounded due to the unfortunate naming of the procedure after the eye movements, which have proved to be only one of many useful types of stimulation, and only one of many components of this complex, integrated treatment. [PubMed]
[Note: Erratum in Journal of Anxiety Disorders 13(6), 621, Nov-Dec 1999]
Keywords: Anxiety Disorders Literature Review Methodology Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Research Needs
Accuracy Verified: Yes
65. Welch, K. L., & Beere, D. B. (2002, May-June). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: A treatment efficacy model. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 9(3), 165-176. doi:10.1002/cpp.323.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), though controversial, is increasingly utilized for treatment of PTSD. This article reviews the debate concerning efficacy and concludes that the evidence, though not definitive, supports EMDR's positive treatment effects. The authors argue that EMDR is a therapeutic intervention different from exposure. The authors set forth three interrelated hypotheses to explain EMDR's therapeutic mechanism: bilateral hemispheric activation, normalized brain activation patterns, and activation/desensitization of emotion/arousal; avoidant/constricted attention is disrupted, allowing normalizing processes to occur. Lowered arousal then leads to a resumption of more adaptive cognitive processing. Some predictions to test this model are presented. [Author Abstract]
Keywords: Evidence-Based Treatment Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Treatment Effectiveness
Accuracy Verified: Yes
66. Kapoula, Z., Misset, P., Poncet, S., Bruneau, S., & Bucci, M. P. (2007, June). Eye movement patterns during the Rorschach test: Implications for EMDR. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
It is hypothesized that eye movements used in EMDR practice influence both memory and emotional state, some laboratory studies provide evidence for such influence (Christman et al, 2003, Neurobiology; Barrowcliff et al., J. Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology, 2004). From a neurophysiological point of view, it is also interesting to examine to what extent some eye movement parameters may be modulated by memory and emotions. For instance, it is well established that memory driven saccades in simplified laboratory tests, present different characteristics (longer preparation time, lower accuracy, lower velocity) than visually guided movement. During EMDR the eye movements (mostly pursuit) are elicited externally by the therapist, yet at the same time the patient is in touch mentally with the traumatic image and related negative emotions. The physiology of such movements might be different and this could be explored with specific studies. Another important issue is to what extent movements of the eyes are helpful in coding and retrieving visual images. Accordingly to scanpath theory, eye movements are cognitively driven by sensory and motor representation; repetitive eye movements to the same area of an image are attributed to checking if the image corresponds to what the observer imagines (Noton & Stack, 1971; Brandt & Stark, 1997). Future laboratory research could bring together such theories and EMDR psychotherapy, e.g., by examining spontaneous eye movements related to negative image.
In this conference, we will present preliminary data from a laboratory study on eye movement patterns during the Roschach test. Eight healthy students conducted the experiment. Seated in front of a computer screen, subjects were equipped with a binocular video eye tracker (Chronos) sampling eye position images from each eye every 4 msec. Instantaneous eye position data were stored on a computer and analyzed afterwards with laboratory software. Each are of the Roschach test was presented for 30 sec., after which, the experimenter (a psychologist) recorded the response given by the subject.
Analysis of eye movement patterns were examined in relation to subjective verbal reports.
Results: The first question asked was to what extent the eye movement pattern reflected the imaged projected by the subject or by the visual properties of the Rorschach image itself. To gain some insight, we concentrated on the cards for which our subjected gave no standard responses, thus very different from one subject to the other (e.g., card IX). Eye movement exploration (the surface of the image explored, its patiaol composition e.g. the resprctive proportion of horizontal versus vertical movements) was correlated with the verbal report and the specific mental imagery (larger surface, multiple focusing points when several personages or objects were imaged). This provides evident for top-down influence; the eyes are exploring the projective interpretative image; repetitive movements back and forth to same points which help in turn consolidate this mental imagery.
Psychological analysis of eye movements (saccades and fixation) was also made. Saccades are found to be as fast as when looking reflexively to single visual targets; during fixations, however, between saccades, the eyes were more instable, particularly the visual uses were crossing at different depths from one fixation to another. Further ongoing analysis will correlate fixation duration and depth instability to spatial and emotional content of the subjective report.
Keywords: Eye Movements Mechanism of Action Neurobiology Poster Rorschach Test
Accuracy Verified: Yes
67. Arnold, A. (2004). Eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing and specific state anxiety in female gymnasts. Union Institute and University, Cincinnati, OH. AAT 3122853.
Language: English
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract:
Forty-two female gymnasts ages 10-16 participated in a study to determine the effectiveness of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) on state anxiety. Each subject identified excessive anxiety on a gymnastics element resulting from a fall, injury, observed fall, or debilitating repetitive thought process. Subjects were divided into random treatment and control groups. The treatment groups received up to 3 sessions of EMDR. Both process and outcome measures were analyzed using the Subjective Units of Disturbance scale, Validity of Cognitions scale, Sport Competition Anxiety Test, and Competitive Sport Anxiety Inventory-2. EMDR was found effective in reducing cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety, and increasing self-confidence on the targeted element. Comparison over time from pretest to follow-up revealed no significant differences in trait anxiety for either the control or experimental group. Treatment effects of reduced cognitive anxiety, reduced somatic anxiety, and increased validity of positive cognitions were maintained for 90-days following EMDR treatment. Results indicated four processesing patterns facilitating trauma resolution: methodological, transitional object, unfinished business, and insight oriented processing. Recommendations for future research include the use of EMDR with physiological measures of state anxiety, and the replication of the four distinct processing styles found in this research. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)
Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 65(2-B), 2004, pp. 1020.
Keywords: Anxiety Empirical Study Female Gymnasts Quantitative Study
Accuracy Verified: Yes
68. Wildwind, L. (1995, June). Facilitating live consultation. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
The objectives of this presentation are to define ADHD in the various ways it presents adults, using EMDR cognitions and
observations of clients as clues; then, to clarify why and EMDR works differently before, during, and after diagnosis,
The presenter will provide background on the biological differences of those with the disorder, some thoughts on why this diagnosis
is becoming so frequent at this time, and why therapists who use EMDR may be more likely to have the disorder and to see it in their
clients.
During the workshop participants will explore their own attitudes toward ADHD and learn about how these attitudes influence their
ability to identify and assess ADHD symptoms in clients. Values, judgments and common myths about ADHD will be briefly
discussed.
Specific suggestions about modifying treatment when ADHD is suspected, suggested as a possible diagnosis to the client, and
treated will be given, including a list of modified positive cognitions. Treatment planning ideas for clients with a variety of
concurrent diagnoses will be offered, with special attention to the problems of resistance to the diagnosis, the medications use for
treatment, and the process of adapting patterns to solve specific problems, using a specific example a group treatment planning
exercise will be conducted. The actual treatment history of the case will be given clarifying how the treatment goals were reached.
There will he time for participants to formulate negative and positive cognitions regarding their attitudes toward ADHD clients and
the use of appropriate medications, and to assess the strength those attitudes, SUDS scales will be used.
Participants will have an opportunity to ask questions and will obtain a bibliography, a client questionnaire, a list of modified
cognitions, and a summary of resources for medical treatment, education and social support.
Keywords: Consultation
Accuracy Verified: Yes
69. Phillips, M. (2000). Finding the energy to heal: How EMDR, hypnosis, TFT, imagery, and body-focused therapy can help restore mindbody health. (1st ed.) New York: Norton.
Language: English
Format: Book
Abstract:
I have found that more traditional models of psychological healing, such as self-object relations, ego psychology, cognitive behaviorism, and developmental psychology, along with theories of trauma, dissociation, and attachment, are invaluable in helping to identify the general patterns of disharmony that can activate illness. Once my clients and I have sketched the broad outlines of where and how their pathways to healing may be blocked, then we can use the relatively more precise implements of hypnosis, EMDR, imagery, and body-focused therapies to reopen them again. The basic strategy illustrated throughout this book, then, is one of combining traditional psychological models for assessment with special tools to activate energy shifts that can rebalance the mindbody system.Three kinds of common stressors associated with problematic health provide the framework for this book: (1) General stress-related symptoms; (2) Psychophysiological symptoms that result from posttraumatic stress; (3) Stress connected with organic conditions. [Adapted from Text, pp. xiv, xv] [Pilots]
Keywords: Body Psychotherapy Cognitive Therapy Ego State Therapy Hypnotherapy Stressors Survivors TFT: Thought Field Therapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
70. Browning, C. (1999). Flotar hacia atrás y flotar hacia delante: Técnicas para ligar el pasado, Presente y futuro [Floatback and Float Forward: Techniques for the Tie Past, Present and Future]. Presentation at EMDRIA Latinoamericana.
Language: Spanish
Format: Conference
Abstract:
El protocolo estándar de EMDR requiere enfocar los orígenes de la perturbación, los gatillos del presente y crear un patrón de conductas adecuadas para el futuro (Shapiro). Algunos pacientes, sin embargo pueden tener dificultades para conectar su problema actual con acontecimientos del pasado. Así también, otros pacientes pueden tener dificultades para crear patrones positivos para el futuro, especialmente si ensayar conductas nuevas los pone ansiosos. Para estos problemas las técnicas de "Flotar hacia atrás" y "Flotar hacia delante" desarrolladas por William Zangwill Ph. D., entrenador del Instituto EMDR, son métodos efectivos para ligar el pasado, presente y futuro en un ámbito terapéutico y proveen al terapeuta de instrumentos para abordar eficientemente ambos temas.
LA TÉCNICA DE FLOTAR HACIA ATRÁS
Abordar recuerdos tempranos asociados con el material perturbador es fundamental para EMDR. Shapiro dice que ayudar al paciente a encontrar un recuerdo temprano "debe ser una de las primeras opciones que debe considerar al terapeuta..." (Shapiro, 1995). La Técnica de Flotar hacia atrás es un camino eficiente y poderoso para llegar a esta meta, permitiendo al terapeuta asistir al paciente a llevar a cabo sus propias asociaciones con acontecimientos del pasado. Su uso es muy apropiado cuando el terapeuta sospecha que una perturbación que el paciente experimenta en el presente, tiene sus raíces en experiencias del pasado; especialmente cuando preguntas como "Cuál es su recuerdo más temprano en relación a lo que se siente ahora? no ha tenido éxito en ayudar al paciente a conectar con eventos del pasado. También cuando un paciente presenta un tema o experiencia recurrente, la Técnica de Flotar hacia Atrás es ideal para ayudar al paciente a identificar un target para el reprocesamiento. Muchos pacientes se ponen en contacto con los problemas actuales con relativa facilidad. Por ejemplo, una paciente que se queja que se siente abandonada cuando su marido se va de viaje de negocios, probablemente pueda recordar sus problemas actuales con facilidad. Entonces el terapeuta puede aplicar la Técnica de Flotar hacia Atrás para ayudarle a la paciente a recordar un acontecimiento del pasado con rapidez y eficiencia.
Para usar la Técnica de Flotar hacia Atrás, arme el protocolo con el problema actual, utilizando los pasos que figuran en el Manual de Entrenamiento del Nivel I y del Nivel II (Shapiro, 1994) incluyendo la imagen, la cognición negativa (CN), la cognición positiva (CP), la validación de la cognición (VoC), emociones, Unidad Subjetiva de Perturbación (SUD) y sensación corporal. Sin embargo, no incide todavía el procesamiento (es decir, movimientos oculares u otra estimulación). En vez de eso, diga a su paciente: "Fíjese en la imagen de... y esas palabras (repita la imagen perturbadora del paciente y su cognición negativa), fíjese que emociones le vienen y donde las siente en el cuerpo. Ahora cierre los ojos y deje que su mente flote hacia atrás a un período anterior en su vida, no busque, simplemente deje que su mente flote a una época donde usted pensaba cosas similares... (repita las emociones que dijo el paciente) en ...(repita los lugares del cuerpo donde el paciente sintió las sensaciones). Cuando esté listo abra los ojos y dígame lo primero que le viene a la mente".
Utilice esta experiencia más temprana como target, completando todos los items del protocolo: imagen, CN, CP, VoC, emociones, SUD y ubicación de las sensaciones corporales y comience a procesar con movimientos oculares u otro estímulo bilateral. Una vez que se ha procesado este material, vuelva al target original del material actual. Muy a menudo se generaliza el trabajo realizado sobre el material más temprano y ya no hace falta procesar el material actual.
Es importante usar términos generales cuando se le dan al paciente las instrucciones de la Técnica de Flotar hacia Atrás, es decir, pedir un recuerdo temprano y no el más temprano. Hay varias razones que avalan esto. Primero, muchas veces es el peor recuerdo y no el primero que funciona como el mejor target para el reprocesamiento,. Además, usar términos generales es una ayuda para los pacientes más compulsivos y perfeccionistas que de otra manera estarían demasiado preocupados en no equivocarse y encontrar exactamente la primera asociación. Finalmente, la flexibilidad que permite la utilización de términos generales más que términos específicos aumenta la posibilidad de éxito del paciente de conectarse con el pasado que es la meta de esta técnica.
El rasgo esencial de la Técnica de Flotar hacia Atrás es usar las preguntas del protocolo para conectar los problemas del presente con eventos del pasado. Pasar las preguntas como fueron desarrolladas por Shapiro es un potente método para ayudar a los pacientes a sintonizar con todos los aspectos de su experiencia del problema. El material perturbador se vuelve más vívido y actual para el paciente y posibilita recordar experiencias similares. Se supone, como hipótesis, que al haber desarrollado el protocolo con todas las preguntas sobre el problema actual, estimula la red neuronal de asociaciones y posibilita casi sin esfuerzo el "flotar hacia atrás" a asociaciones tempranas.
Además, el vínculo paciente-terapeuta es realzado porque el terapeuta valida la experiencia del paciente (la perturbación actual) al empezar el trabajo desde el punto en el que se encuentra el paciente. Las asociaciones son del paciente, eliminando el tema de la resistencia a cualquier idea o interpretación introducida por el terapeuta. El paciente se da cuenta vivencialmente de la conexión del presente con el pasado usando la Técnica de Flotar hacia Atrás, pudiendo esquivar la evitación y otras defensas.
LA TÉCNICA DE FLOTAR HACIA DELANTE
Mientras que la Técnica de Flotar hacia Atrás posibilita muy a menudo que los pacientes vean y sientan la conexión entre el problema actual y los eventos pasados, la Técnica de Flotar hacia delante permite que el paciente identifique y reprocese la ansiedad anticipatoria y desarrolle patrones positivos para el futuro. Es un método que puede ser utilizado en cualquier momento del proceso terapéutico para solucionar bloqueos, renuencias y en algunos casos, resistencias o temas de beneficios secundarios o pérdidas. Es especialmente útil para trabajar con el miedo del paciente a hacer EMDR.
Para ponerlo en práctica, primero pida al paciente que imagine lo peor que le puede pasar si hace "X" (por ej. probar una nueva conducta, testear una nueva habilidad, empezar una experiencia nueva). ¿Qué es lo peor que le puede pasar si hace EMDR? Que es lo peor que le puede pasar si soluciona este problema? ¿Qué es lo peor que le puede pasar si le pone límites a su jefe respecto a la cantidad de trabajo que espera que usted haga? El paciente puede necesitar ayuda para identificar la peor escena. Algunas sugerencias incluyen el miedo a perder el control de sus emociones, el miedo a perder el control de sus funciones corporales como el control de esfínteres, miedo a tener un ataque de pánico, y no poder manejar su vida emocional entre las sesiones.
Una vez que el paciente ha identificado el incidente, pregunte por la peor parte de esa escena y utilícelo como el target de EMDR, armando el protocolo con las preguntas estándar, pero con una leve modificación: pregunte por la imagen que representa la peor parte del peor incidente, por ej. "Cuando usted ve una imagen de si mismo/a haciendo......, que es lo peor que puede pasar?"
Después siga con el resto de las preguntas estándar, es decir, CN, CP, VoC, emociones, SUD, y ubicación de la sensación corporal. Estimule el procesamiento del paciente con movimientos oculares u otro estímulo bilateral.
Si el desarrollo de la peor escena del paciente le provoca un miedo racional, puede que se tengan que tomar medidas prácticas para solucionar estas preocupaciones. Por ejemplo, usando la técnica de flotar hacia delante con un chico de 13 años que estaba en un hogar adoptivo transitorio, la peor escena evocada por él fue: "Me van a devolver al Hogar si esta adopción no resulta". Durante el procesamiento, el SUD se redujo de 8 a 3 con bastante rapidez pero de ahí no bajaba. El paciente comentó que no bajaba porque esta "peor escena" podría sucederle realmente y le había sucedido en el pasado. Paramos los movimientos oculares, charlamos un rato y elaboramos un plan para: a) una sesión con sus padres adoptivos para hablar sobre la permanencia de la adopción y b) una llamada en conferencia a su asesor legal para clarificar sus derechos y opciones. Volviendo al target después de esto, le fue posible reducir el SUD a 1 con unos pocos sets de movimientos oculares.
Al utilizar la Técnica de Flotar hacia delante para reprocesar la peor escena, el paciente tiene una oportunidad para resolver la ansiedad anticipatoria. Durante la instalación de la cognición positiva, el paciente está creando patrones positivos para acciones en el futuro. Una mujer cuyo hermano fue verbalmente abusivo con ella en la infancia y en la actualidad la intimidaba, armó una "peor escena" con: "Va a ser igualmente abusivo cuando lo vea la próxima vez". La paciente había hecho mucho EMDR, reprocesando incidentes de la infancia relacionados con el abuso verbal del hermano. Sin embargo, sin un referente positivo vivencial, seguía ansiosa cada vez que interactuaba con él. Pidiéndole que "flote hacia delante" y usando EMDR sobre una de las peores escenas, alivió su ansiedad respecto a una fiesta familiar que tenía pendiente. Instalando una CP de "Ahora estoy más fuerte" le permitió crear una imagen de si misma manejando a su hermano con humor y sintiéndose segura.
A aplicar las Técnicas de Flotar hacia Atrás y hacia Delante y ocuparse así del pasado, presente y futuro, el terapeuta de EMDR puede sanar mejor a su paciente. Es más, las Técnicas de Flotar hacia Atrás y hacia Delante están basadas en EMDR. Las dos incorporan las preguntas del protocolo standard y le dan al terapeuta y al paciente la oportunidad de manejarse más fluidamente con dicho protocolo.
EMDR standard protocol requires a focus of the origins of the disturbance, the triggers of this and create a pattern of behaviors appropriate to the future (Shapiro). Some patients, however, may have difficulty connecting the current problem with past events. Also, other patients may have difficulty creating positive patterns for the future, especially if you try new behaviors makes them anxious. For these problems the techniques of "float back" and "Float forward" developed by William Zangwill Ph.D., EMDR Institute trainer, are effective methods to link the past, present and future in a therapeutic area and provide the therapist tools to effectively address both issues.
THE ART OF FLOATING BACK
Addressing early memories associated with foreign material is essential to EMDR. Shapiro said that helping the patient to find early memory "must be one of the first options to consider when therapist ..." (Shapiro, 1995). Floating Technique back is a powerful and efficient way to reach this goal, allowing the therapist to assist the patient to carry out their own associations with past events. Its use is most appropriate when the clinician suspects that a disturbance that the patient is experiencing at present, is rooted in past experiences, especially when questions like "What is your earliest memory in relation to what you feel now? Not been successful in helping patients to connect with past events. Also when a patient has a recurrent theme or experience, the Backward Floating Technique is ideal for helping the patient to identify a target for reprocessing. Many patients come into contact with the current problems with relative ease. For example, a patient who complains that she feels abandoned when her husband goes on a business trip, you can probably recall their current problems with ease. Then the therapist can apply the technique Float Backwards to help the patient to remember a past event quickly and efficiently.
To use the technique to back float, arm the protocol to the current problem, using the steps listed in the Training Manual Level I and Level II (Shapiro, 1994) including the image, negative cognition (NC) positive cognition (PC), validation of cognition (VoC), emotions, Subjective Unit of Disturbance (SUD) and bodily sensation. However, it still affects the processing (ie, eye movements or other stimulation). Instead, tell your patient: "Look at the picture ... and those words (repetition of the disturbing image of the patient and negative cognition), note that emotions come from and where you sit on the body. Now close eyes and let your mind float back to an earlier period in your life, look no further, just let your mind float to a time when you thought things like ... (repeat the emotions that said the patient) .. . (repeat parts of the body where the patient felt the sensation). When you are ready open your eyes and tell me the first thing that comes to mind. "
Use this early experience as a target, completing all protocol items: image, CN, CP, VoC, emotions, SUD and location of bodily sensations and begin processing with eye movements or other bilateral stimulation. Once this material has been processed, return to the original target of the current material. Very often we generalize the work done on the earlier material and no longer have to render the current material.
It is important to use general terms when the patient is given instructions Technique Float Backwards, ie a memory request early and not earlier. There are several reasons that support this. First, it is often the worst memory and not the first that works as the best target for reprocessing. In addition, using general terms is an aid for compulsive and perfectionistic patients who otherwise would be too concerned with avoiding failure and find exactly the first association. Finally, the flexibility that allows the use of general rather than specific terms increases the likelihood of success of the patient to connect with the past that is the goal of this technique.
The essential feature of the technique is to use Float Backwards questions of protocol to connect the problems of the present with past events. Skip the questions and were developed by Shapiro is a powerful method to help patients to tune into all aspects of their experience of the problem. The foreign material becomes more vivid and present to the patient and possible recall similar experiences. It is assumed, arguendo, that having developed the protocol with all the questions about the current problem, the neural network encourages and facilitates partnerships almost effortlessly "float back" early associations.
In addition, the patient-therapist relationship is enhanced because the therapist validates the patient's experience (current disruption) to start work from the point where the patient is. Partnerships are the patient, eliminating the issue of resistance to any idea or interpretation introduced by the therapist. The patient realizes experientially connecting the present with the past by using the technique Float Backwards, can avoid the avoidance and other defenses.
THE ART OF FLOATING FORWARD
While technology enables Float Backwards often patients to see and feel the connection between the current problem and past events, the forward float technique allows the patient to identify and reprocess anticipatory anxiety and develop positive patterns the future. It is a method that can be used at any time of the therapeutic process to troubleshoot crashes, reluctance and in some cases, resistance or topics of ancillary benefits or losses. It is especially useful for working with the patient's fear to do EMDR.
To put this into practice, first ask the patient to imagine the worst that can happen if you "X" (eg. Try a new behavior, test a new skill, start a new experience.) What's the worst that can happen if you EMDR? That's the worst that can happen if you solve this problem? What's the worst that can happen if you put your head limits on the amount of work expected to do? The patient may need help to identify the worst scene. Some suggestions include fear of losing control of his emotions, fear of losing control of their bodily functions such as bowel and bladder control, fear of having a panic attack and can not manage their emotional life between sessions.
Once the patient has identified the incident, ask for the worst part of that scene and use it as the target of EMDR, setting up the protocol with the standard questions, but with a slight modification: ask for the image that represents the worst of worst incident, eg. "When you see a picture of him / herself by ......, it's the worst that can happen?"
Then follow with the rest of the standard questions, ie, CN, CP, VoC, emotions, SUD, and location of bodily sensation. Stimulate the processing of patients with eye movements or other bilateral stimulation.
If the development of the patient's worst scene provokes a rational fear, you may have to take practical steps to address these concerns. For example, using the technique of floating forward with a boy of 13 who was in a temporary foster home, the worst scene evoked for him was: "I will return home if this adoption is not." During processing, the LDS was reduced from 8 to 3 fairly quickly but it does not down. The patient said he did not go down because the "worst scene" could really happen and had happened in the past. Eye movements stopped, we chatted a while and developed a plan for: a) a meeting with her adoptive parents to discuss the permanence of the adoption and b) a conference call to his legal adviser to clarify your rights and options. Returning to the target after that, it was possible to reduce the LDS-1 with a few sets of eye movements.
Using Floating Technique forward to reprocess the worst scenario, the patient has an opportunity to resolve the anticipatory anxiety. During the installation of the positive cognition, the patient is creating positive patterns for future action. A woman whose brother was verbally abusive to her children and now intimidated, put together a "worst stage" with: "It will be equally unfair when I see him next time." The patient had done much EMDR reprocessing childhood incidents related to verbal abuse of his brother. However, without a positive reference experiential, still anxious every time I interacted with him. Asking him to "float forward" and using EMDR on one of the worst scenes, relieved her anxiety about a family party that was pending. Installing a CP of "I'm stronger now allowed him to create an image of herself driving her brother with humor and feeling safe.
To apply the techniques to float back and forth and deal well past, present and future, the EMDR therapist can heal your patient better. Moreover, techniques to float back and forth are based on EMDR. Both incorporate the standard protocol questions and give the therapist and the patient the opportunity to be managed more smoothly with this protocol.
Keywords: Floatback Technique Float Foward Technique
Accuracy Verified: Yes
71. Korkmazlar, U., Kurt, B., Bilgisin, G., & Atçeken, S. H. (2012, June). From child to family: Team work with EMDR [Del Niño a la Familia: Trabajo en Equipo EMDR]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
This presentation will focus on why we need team work especially when we are working with children and how do we integrate
EMDR into our clinical work. We believe that when working with children, the teamwork and the cooperation with the family system are
crucial. Most of the time parents bring their children to therapy as identified patients and want us to fix them. However, in the first session we
realize that most of the child’s difficulties stem from unhealthy family system and parents’ conflicted relationship patterns. Most problems
arise from attachment and trust/ security issues. We observe that when children have difficulty choosing home as safe place; this is a first sign
that there are problems in the family system. Therefore, how we integrate the safe place exercise with play therapy, and the use of EMDR with
storytelling method will be explained. We believe that after a couple of sessions with children, it is very effective referring parents to individual
or couples therapy to work on their own relational and attachment issues to improve children’s mental health. We also mention how to use
EMDR for unresolved trauma and deficient family resources that have been carried from previous generations. The effects of parents’ own
attitudes and problems on children and their own inter-generational attachment issues are going to be explicated in detail including EMDR
therapy to resolve those unfinished business. All these topics above will be explained with case examples.
Esta presentación se centrará en por qué necesitamos trabajar en equipo, especialmente cuando trabajamos con niños y cómo
integramos EMDR dentro de nuestro trabajo clínico. Creemos que cuando trabajamos con niños, el trabajo en equipo y la cooperación con
el sistema familiar son cruciales. La mayor parte del tiempo, los padres traen a sus hijos a terapia como pacientes identificados y quieren que
los curemos. Sin embargo, en la primera sesión, nos damos cuenta de que la mayoría de las dificultades del niño provienen de un sistema
familiar poco sano y de las pautas relacionales conflictivas de los padres. La mayor parte de los problemas surgen de problemas de apego y
confianza / seguridad. Observamos que cuando los niños tienen dificultades escogiendo su hogar como lugar seguro, es una primera señal
de que existen problemas en el sistema familiar. Por tanto, explicaremos cómo integramos el ejercicio del lugar seguro dentro de la terapia
de juego y cómo usamos EMDR con el método cuentacuentos. Creemos que después de un par de sesiones con niños, es muy efectivo el
derivar a los padres a terapia individual o de pareja para trabajar en sus propios problemas relacionales y de apego para mejorar la salud
mental de los niños. También mencionamos cómo usar EMDR para el trauma no resuelto y para recursos familiares deficientes que han sido
pasados de generaciones anteriores. Se explicarán en detalle los efectos de las actitudes y problemas de los padres sobre los niños y sus
propios problemas intergeneracionales de apego, incluyendo la terapia EMDR para resolver esos temas incompletos. Todos los temas
anteriores serán explicados con ejemplos de casos.
Keywords: Children Family Team Work
Accuracy Verified: Yes
72. Imbroinise, F. (2008, June). The function of the EMDR approach as an anamnestic and therapeutic tool in paediatrics - psychosocial unit. Poster session presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
652 children were treated during 2007 in our Paediatrics - psychosocial unit. The EMDR approach was a means to
do the history taking and anamnesis and it was used as well as an intervention methodology for all pathologies
and disturbances. Our clients received EMDR as inpatients in our war or as outpatients referred by the
community paediatric services. Our therapeutical programme includes a detailed anamnesis done together with
both parents or with caregivers if the child is very small or with the child himself if he’s able to provide the
information. History taking with the EMDR approach is an unique opportunity for the family to focus on family
life and its dynamics, and to analyse their unbalanced relational and affective patterns, which they are not always
aware of. Subsequently a therapeutical programme is outlined where EMDR is presented as a treatment method
to face and resolve the presenting complaints. This therapeutical approach facilitates the symptomatology
resolution and is useful to develop a more aware vision of their own family dynamics. Another beneficial effect is
to promote a greater psychophysical wellbeing for the client, providing a new meaning to the somatic disorder
and helping the family to understand and manage their child’s problems in a more functional way. This poster
describes all phases of the intervention and the disorders treated in our unit with EMDR. [There are three PDF files.]
Keywords: Anamnesis Children Pediatrics
Accuracy Verified: Yes
73. Pagani, M. (2013, June). Functional and structural neuroimaging and EEG monitoring related to EMDR and CBT treatments for PTSD. Presentation at the 13th annual conference for the European Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ESTSS), Bologna, Italy.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
In the recent past several neuroimaging studies aimed at evaluating the neural correlates of PTSD-related psychotherapies revealing their neurobiological effects on brain function. Functional studies by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and electroencephalography (EEG) detected changes in cerebral blood flow and neuronal activation patterns, identifying the brain areas implicated in the various components of emotional processing and/or affected by the disorder. Investigations by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have also revealed PTSD-related structural changes.
The first part of the workshop will review the neuroimaging methodologies and findings in PTSD treatment-related research with an extensive review of previous literature on the neurobiological effects of the various psychotherapies. The second part will deal with the description and implementation in research and clinic of neuropsychological testing with brief comments and discussion about their use in recent studies published by our group. In the third part the EEG monitoring of a complete set of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing therapies in 30 patients suffering of major trauma as compared to 20 healthy controls will be presented. These findings will also be compared to the neurobiological effects of trauma-focussed Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in a second group of psychologically traumatized clients. The results are the first report ever on the neurobiological changes occurring before, during and after PTSD-related psychotherapies shedding light on the neuronal processes underlying their clinical efficacy.
The description and the discussion about the contents of the workshop will provide the audience (1) the necessary information to understand the methodological principles behind neuroimaging techniques (SPECT, EEG and MRI) and their possible applications in research and clinic; (2) the up-dated critical knowledge of the published papers in the field of PTSD-related psychotherapies functional and anatomical studies; (3) the basic research principles and examples to be motivated to start, take part and/or collaborate to functional studies in order to better understand the neural basis of psychotherapeutic techniques. The presented material will represent the state-of-the-art of the current neuroscience PTSD-related research and of the neuroimaging methodologies available at the moment.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
74. Yordy, J. (2010, April/May). Helping children shrink the worry monster utilizing EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR Canada, Toronto, Ontario.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
An increasing number of children are suffering from anxieties, stress and even obsessive and compulsive behaviors. Different EMDR approaches are helpful for children in facilitating the release of anxieties and altering primitive brain patterns. This workshop will briefly describe some of the causes of children’s anxieties, the brain/body connection to anxiety and some simple calming techniques for releasing stress. In addition, an in-depth introduction to three EMDR child-friendly techniques for working with anxiety and trauma will be described. Case examples for each technique will be utilized to enhance the understanding of the three therapy techniques.
Keywords: Children Worry Monster
Accuracy Verified: Yes
75. Fernandez, I. (2009, Marzo). Il trauma della sterilita: Applicazioni cliniche dell'EMDR [The trauma of infertility: Clinical Applications of EMDR]. Presentazione presso il soma Convegno Infertilita ARM e Psiche: Riflessioni, professinalita, Esperienza a confronto, Milano, Italia.
Language: Italian
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Negli ultimi 20 anni l'Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) come approccio terapeutico e diventato uno instrumento significativo per la practica clinica. L'EMDR costituisce un metodo psicoterapeutico innovativo, attualmente soggetto ad una grand quantita di ricerca specialmente in ambito nerurofisiologico. Attulament esiste molta evidenza empirica scaturita dalla ricerca condotta con gruppi de controllo, che supportano la validita di questo metodo e nuovo approccio terapeutico per il Disturbo Post-Traumatico da Stress (PTSD) e le linee guida internazionali per la pratica clinica lo segnalano come trattament elettivo dei disturbi post-traumatici da stress. Le esperienze traumatiche non elaborate sono in genere considerate la causa primaria della sintomatologia del disturbo post traumatico da stress e possono essere fonte de disagio concorrenti allo sviluppo di altri disturbi d'ansia e dell'umore. Data la sua efficacia nella risoluzione di sintomi da stress dope un evento traumatico particolarmente grave, l'EMDR puo essere applicato con altri disturbi che possono essere conseguenti ad un grosso stress psico-fisico. In alcune condizioni la sterilita potrebbe rientrare tra gli eventi di tipo traumatico o a forte impatto emotivo, a seconda del vissuto soggettiveo della paziente. Tenendo conto che il vissuto traumatico puo avere un impatto anche sui legami affettivi, l'identita della persona, la modulazione affettiva, il comportamento distruttivo rivolto a se o agli altri, ecc., l'EMDR potrebbe essere particolarmente indicato per il trattamento del disagio psicologico legato alla sterilita. Nel case della sterilita puo essere utilizzato per affontare: 1) traumi precedenti che possono constituire un fattore di rischio per l'insorgere della depressione. Per esempio: traumi subiti in eta percoce,compresa la perdita della capacita de regolazione emotiva, possono essere alla base di comportamenti che evidenziano una tendenza cronical ad instaurare rapporti distruttivi, la dissociazinoe e l'amnesia, la somatizzazione, e problemi caratteriali cronici come la auto-colpevolizzazione, il senso de inadeuatezza, ecc. 2) L'impatto de problemi medici e di altri natura che possono essere insorti e possono aver constituto una fonte di stress. 3) L'impatto delle difficolta oggettive e soggettive date dalla nuova condizione. 4) Schemi cognitivi difunzionali come "non sono in grado", non sono all'altezza della nuova situazione familiare", oppure "non sono una brava madre". 5) L'impatto della riattivazione de traume o situazioni disfunzionali nella propria famiglia di origine. 6) Le risorse, i comportamenti positivi e gli schemi adattivi di attaccamento devono essere rafforzati e puo essere usato l'EMDR anche per questo obiettivo.
Over the past 20 years, Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) as a therapeutic approach has become a significant instrumento for clinical practica. EMDR is an innovative psychotherapeutic method which is currently subject to a great deal of research especially in the context nerurofisiologico. Attulament there is plenty of empirical evidence generated by research conducted with groups of control, which support the validity of this method and new therapeutic approach for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and international guidelines for clinical practice report it as elective trattament of post-traumatic stress disorder. Traumatic experiences were not processed are generally considered the primary cause of the symptoms of post traumatic stress disorder and can be a source of discomfort to the development of competitors other anxiety and mood disorders. Because of its effectiveness in resolving symptoms of traumatic stress is a particularly serious dope, EMDR can be applied to other disorders that may be associated with a great psycho-physical stress. In some circumstances, the sterility may be among the type of traumatic event or a strong emotional impact, depending on the patient lived soggettiveo. Considering that the traumatic experience can have an impact on emotional relationships, the identity of the person, the emotional modulation, destructive behavior directed at oneself or others, etc.., EMDR may be particularly indicated for the treatment of discomfort psychological linked to infertility. In the case of infertility can be used for men faced: 1) previous trauma that can constitues a risk factor for the onset of depression. For example: age peaches in trauma, including loss of the ability of emotional regulation may be the basis of behaviors that show a tendency to establish relations cronical destructive, and the dissociazinoe amnesia, somatization, and temperament problems such as chronic self-blame, sense of inadeuatezza, etc.. 2) The impact of medical problems and other nature that may be incurred and may have constituta a source of stress. 3) The impact of objective and subjective difficulties given the new condition. 4) difunctional cognitive schemata as "can not" are not up to the new family situation, "or" not a good mother. "5) The impact of the reactivation of trauma or dysfunctional situations in their family of origin . 6) The resources and positive behaviors and adaptive patterns of attachment must be reinforced and EMDR can be used for this purpose.
Keywords: Infertility
Accuracy Verified: Yes
76. O'Malley, A. (2008, June). The impact of neglect and trauma on the developing infant brain and the implications for EMDR therapy. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England .
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
This presentation starts with sensory development in pregnancy. By 22 weeks there is already a high level of
brain organisation with touch, taste, hearing and smell already well developed. Balance, vision and motor
development follow and the links to learning and states of consciousness are explained. The concept of birth as
our first traumatic experience is introduced and the implications for future EMDR therapy are discussed. Infant
brain development occurs sequentially implying vulnerabilities during the early years of life. This has a direct
relationship on attunement, which is influenced by developmental neglect and trauma. The effects of this trauma
for EMDR therapy are explored. New information about the probable mechanism of action of the bilateral
stimulation used in EMDR is presented. The mechanism of translating sensory input into new neuronal patterns is
explained. The hypothesis of a ‘window of tolerance’ in trauma is mentioned with the reasons why EMDR can help alleviate trauma by expanding the window of tolerance. The concept of a structural developmental model of
emotional awareness is explained with how this relates to trauma and a sense of self. The anatomical correlates
of emotional processing are suggested at both cortical and limbic system levels. Ways in which EMDR can be
modified in light of this knowledge are proposed. An additional model of applying EMDR is outlined. This involves
multilateral activation of sympathetic nervous systems to consciously overcome traumas. This process will be
shown to lead to brainstem stimulation activating the cranial nerves, which innervate the ocular muscles
generating rapid eye movement.
Keywords: Infantile Brain Development
Accuracy Verified: Yes
77. Handberg, H. H. (2007, June). Implications of "unity of duality" Tibetan psychology and philosophy in regard to psychotherapy and personal development and its correlations to EMDR. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
In the Tibetan psychology and philosophy, the understanding that what we identify as the object does not exist as such independently of the experiencing subject is – at all levels of mind – essential. The subject perceives the object at a conceptual, feeling and sense level. In other words, as individuals we create the object at these three levels, and it becomes an integral part of our reality experience.
Tibetan Psychology has as it basis an understanding of the nature and functioning of the mind in its many different states of experiences. However, it does not see the mind-experience as an isolated phenomenon. It sees the body and mind as mutually interdependent and interdetermining on all levels – from both an ordinary level of body and mind to the basic energy level. The former is characteristic by an experience of great separation, and the latter by the experience of the inseparability of the body/mind.
In accordance with Tibetan metaphysics matter emerges from four basic “energy origins,” such that energy is seen as both the basis of matter, and is continuously pervading matter. From the energy resource all forms of existence arise and return again in a continuous movement of birth, existence and death, taking places every instant of time. It is because of the relationship of subject and object that we can change our object-experience, as well as our experience of the world and of the situations which arise in it.
Tibetan psychology maintains in this respect that the notion of self or self-identity is the core around which psychological patterns and the reality of the individual develop. The transformation process of an adequate self-identity into a healthier an less artificial identity takes the adept or client through the following process of change: (1) from a solid form level of the problematic subject/object experience, (2) to an energy level, taking us beyond the artificial identity and connect experience of reality, and (23) back into a new creation o the form level, into a new an more genuine experience of oneself and reality. Thus, when applying the insight of this basic interrelatedness of body and mind, subject and object and energy and matter – Unity in Duality – the experience of self-identity and that of the object undergoes a change, and the former problematic subject/object is transcended. The Tibetan self-development methods and the Tibetan psychotherapeutic methods, which Tarab Tulku has developed, deal essentially with healing and strengthening of the self-feeling and refining the self-reference/self-identity. It gives the theoretical analysis for changing the experience of self and the surroundings – of changing the approximation of reality – and it offers adequate psychotherapeutic as wall as self-development methods for its attainment. All in the Tibetan psychology and psychotherapy gives a new and valuable perspective, foundation and method supplementing and enriching Western Psychology in general and EMDR in particular.
Keywords: Poster Tibet Unity of Duality
Accuracy Verified: Yes
78. O'Malley, A. (2009, March). Infant mental health & EMDR. Symposium conducted at the 7th annual Conference of the EMDR UK & Ireland Association, Manchester, UK.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
The watch wait and wonder (www) approach to parental and infant mental
health was developed in Toronto over the last 20 years. In the last few years a number of
therapists have set up www clinics in the UK. We have been running a joint EMDR and www
clinic in the North West since Jan 2007. As far as we know this is the only clinic to offer
trauma focussed psychotherapy together with infant mental health in either the UK or
Ireland.
Infant brain development occurs sequentially implying vulnerabilities during the early years
of life. This has a direct relationship on attunement, which is influenced by developmental
neglect and trauma. The effects of this trauma for EMDR therapy are explored. New
information about the probable mechanism of action of the bilateral stimulation used in
EMDR is presented. The mechanism of translating sensory input into new neuronal patterns
is explained. The hypothesis of a ‘window of tolerance’ in trauma is mentioned with the
reasons why EMDR can help alleviate trauma by expanding the window of tolerance.
An additional model of applying EMDR is outlined. This involves multilateral activation of
sympathetic nervous systems to consciously overcome traumas. This process will be shown
to lead to brainstem stimulation activating the cranial nerves, which innervate the ocular
muscles generating rapid eye movement. This approach involves motor and sensory
integration at the level of the 12 cranial nerves. Some case examples using bilateral olfactory
desensitisation are discussed.
Recommendations for the development of parent infant mental health services within the
NHS are outlined
Accuracy Verified: Yes
79. Colt, K. M., & Marvasti, J. A. (2004). Innovative therapies for trauma related disorders: TARGET, TREM, and EMDR. In J. A. Marvasti (Ed.), Psychiatric treatment of victims and survivors of sexual trauma: A neuro-bio-psychological approach (pp. 73-95). Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas Publisher.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
In this chapter, Marvasti and Colt explore the victims' response to trauma and examine nontraditional treatment models for psychological trauma. The TARGET model (Trauma Adaptive Recovery Group Education and Therapy) of treatment focuses on current symptoms. Treatment is aimed at helping the victim move from maladaptive patterns of thought and behavior toward healthy ways of managing life. TREM (Trauma Recovery and Empowerment Model) was created to assist disempowered female victims of trauma to develop self-esteem and coping skills. EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) is a set of protocols designed to decrease the symptoms of traumatic stress by use of rhythmic movements and cognitive restructuring. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Emotional Trauma Empowerment Female Victims Group Education and Therapy Group Psychotherapy Human Females Models Nontraditional Treatment Models Psychological Trauma Sexual Abuse Symptoms Treatment Victimization
Accuracy Verified: Yes
80. Snyder, M. (1996, December). Intimate partners: A context for the intensification and healing of emotional pain. Women and Therapy, 19(3), 79-92. doi:10.1300/J015v19n03_08.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
A case of a lesbian couple is presented in which one partner experienced early sexual abuse and the other a series of major losses (beginning with the death of her mother) in early childhood. The first partner developed an alcohol addiction and the second a high level of emotional lability and some practices of self-harm. Both partners developed dissociative patterns. The couple is now in a committed relationship and have continued in therapy for the last 9 months, with sessions gradually becoming less frequent. The therapeutic work has included the "externalization" of the problem(s), some individual work within the couple session using Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), and a strong emphasis on the development of empathic skill through the technique of "becoming" the other person. The case reveals the way in which a primary relationship often surfaces intense unresolved feelings and dysfunctional relationship practices, and also the way in which emotional commitment and a structure for the couple becoming therapeutic agents to each other allows for a deep level of healing. The couple comments on their relationship process and the therapeutic process as part of the article. [Author Abstract]
Keywords: Adults Americans Case Report Child Abuse Family Therapy Females Homosexuals Incest Interpersonal Interaction Psychiatric Disorders Rape Survivors
Accuracy Verified: Yes
81. Pagani, M. (2010, June). Introduction to neuroimaging in EMDR research. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
In the recent years the number of neuroimaging studies
evaluating neural correlates of psychotherapy has steadily
increased revealing its clear neurobiological effects on brain
function across a wide range of psychiatric disorders. Functional
studies by single photon emission computed tomography
(SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) detect
changes in cerebral blood flow and metabolism patterns, identifying
the brain areas processing the various components of
emotional processing and/or affected by the disorders. investigations
by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have also revealed
psychiatry disease-related structural changes.
The first part of the workshop (20 minutes) will describe the
neuroimaging methodologies implemented in EMDR research
and their possible clinical implementations will be discussed.
In the second part (10 minutes) neuroimaging studies on the
neurobiological effect of EMDR will be reviewed (1-5).
The third part of the workshop (30 minutes) will deal with the
last findings in EMDR research and will focus on a recent studies
published by our group on the Journal of Psychiatry Research
about the predictive value of MRI on the outcome of
EMDR therapy (6).Moreover a collaborator of our group will
describe and present the preliminary findings of an ongoing experiment
aiming to identify the neurophysiological mechanisms
active during EMDR therapy.
The description and the discussion about the contents of the
workshop will provide the audience
1 the necessary information to understand the methodological
principles behind the neuroimaging techniques (PET and
SPECT) and their possible applications in research and clinic;
2, the critical knowledge of the limited number of published
papers in the field of EMDR-related functional and anatomical
studies (1-6);
3. the basic research principles and examples to be motivated
to begin, take part and/or collaborate to EMDR research in order
to shed light on the neural basis of this fascinating psychotherapeutic
technique.
The presented material will represent the state-of-the-art of the
current neuroscience EMDR-related research and of the neuroimaging
methodologies available at the moment.
in case more contributions will be included in this workshop the
proposed presentation time schedule might change.
References:
Lansing et al. (2005). J Neuropsych Clin Neurosci; l7(4):526-532.
Propper et al. (2007). J Nerv Met Dis; 195:785-788.
Ho DH and Choi J. (2007). J EMDR Pract Res; l(l):24-30.
Pagani et al. (2007). Nuc Med Comm: 28(10):757-65.
Bossini et al (2007). J Neuropsych Clin Neurosci; 19(4):475-476.
Nardo et al. (2010). J Psychiatry Res; D0110.1016/jjpsychires.2009.10.014
Keywords: Neuroimaging Research
Accuracy Verified: Yes
82. McGoldrick, J. (1997, November/December). Invisible force. Common Boundary.
Language: English
Format: Magazine
Abstract:
Of course, not all therapists who learn TFT stick to it exclusively. Many combine talk
therapy with both TFT and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), in
which a client recalls a traumatic memory while moving his or her eyes in a prescribed
pattern. While both therapies apparently break up long-held patterns, EMDR is usually
described in terms of physiology, not energy. EMDR, practitioners say, reconnects the
brain's neural networks that have been isolated by trauma.
Keywords: Energy Psychology TFT Thought Field Therapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
83. Woller, W. (2004, June). Is there a place for EMDR in the treatment of personality disorders?. In complex traumatisation and EMDR (K. Linder, Chair). Symposium conducted at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, Stockholm, Sweden .
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
There is substantial evidence that EMDR is an effective treatment method un posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, comorbid disorders have to be taken into account when treating PTSD with EMDR. Personality disorders are a frequent comorbid disorder of PTSD, and a high prevalence of childhood traumatization has been found in personality disorders as well. Given this background, the paper to be presented discussed (1) modifications and limitations of EMDR technique required for treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder with comorbid personality disorders, and (2) further applications of EMDR in the treatment of personality disorders without PTSD. If comorbid personality disorder is present, EMDR has to be integrated into a complex treatment plan which includes stabilization, symptom control, resource installation, identification of distorted interpersonal perceptions, and modification of maladaptive interpersonal interactions. Because of the central role of generalized negative beliefs in maintaining cyclical maladaptive patterns, EMDR is regarded a valuable tool to modify negative beliefs along with processing traumatic memories and body sensations, Problems of therapeutic alliance due to transference phenomena and acting out can make stabilization difficult and time-consuming. EMDR technique should be subjected to important modifications depending on personality disorder subtype, defence structure and symptomatic comorbidity. Structural dissociations of the personality (e. g., as in dissociative identity disorder) call for a consideration of all ego-sates of the personality system before planning EMDR treatment. In addition to unresolved trauma, current and future interpersonal stressors can be chosen as EMDR targets.
Keywords: Personality Disorders Symposium Trauma
Accuracy Verified: Yes
84. Lazzari, D. (2008, Novembre). L'EMDR in ottica PNEI (interazione corpo-mente) [EMDR in optical PNEI (interaction body-mind)]. Presentazione le Applicazioni Cliniche del EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia.
Language: Italian
Format: Conference
Abstract:
In questi anni l’EMDR si è affermata come trattamento di evidenza nel più classico e più grave dei disturbi direttamente legati allo stress, cioè il PTSD (Bisson & Andrew, 2007) e sono stati evidenziati i suoi effetti sul SNC. Nonostante questo ed il suo progressivo impiego in una ampia varietà di situazioni sono ancora poche le riflessioni sull’EMDR dal punto di vista dell’integrazione mente-corpo, in particolare utilizzando i dati offerti dal campo di ricerca della PNEI. Nel presente lavoro ci soffermeremo su alcuni di questi aspetti per evidenziare come l’EMDR rappresenta una delle terapie più rispondenti alle nuove evidenze scientifiche ed alle esigenze di una scienza integrata della salute.
Tre gli elementi salienti offerti dalla ricerca:
1. La vita ha plasmato nel percorso evolutivo strutture altamente integrate, descrivibili come sistemi complessi a rete in retroazione continua con il contesto. In particolare i sistemi nervoso, endocrino ed immunitario costituiscono nel network psicocorporeo un “super-sistema” di relazione e regolazione in grado di assicurare gli equilibri adattativi incorporando l’esperienza e gestendo la dinamica mantenimento-cambiamento (“regolazione allostatica”). Quindi l’organismo non è una macchina fatta di parti autonome tra loro assemblate, ma una realtà che parte dall’unità (zigote) e mantiene tale carattere unitario in tutte le sue articolazioni.
2. Lo stress non è qualcosa di per sé eccezionale e patologico, deve invece essere visto – all’opposto – come l’espressione di un insieme di processi (un sistema) che modulano la regolazione individuo-contesto a fini adattativi. In sostanza il sistema dello stress è sempre attivo e solo in situazioni di eccesso o di carenza (acute o croniche) produce effetti progressivamente dannosi per l’individuo. Le attività legate allo stress producono un “carico allostatico” (peso biologico, energetico) che – in relazione a fattori soggettivi ed esterni – può divenire “sovraccarico” innescando una catena di successive alterazioni nel funzionamento dell’organismo. Parallelamente vi è un “carico” ed un “sovraccarico psicologico” legati al primo da processi circolari.
3. Nel network corporeo e nel sistema dello stress, ovvero nei processi di regolazione generale interni e individuo-contesto, la mente svolge un ruolo cruciale di modulazione come dimensione nella quale i segnali (interni ed esterni) vengono trasformati in informazioni (assegnazione di significati) in base ai percorsi ed alle esigenze individuali di adattamento. La mente rappresenta così la più alta espressione dell’evoluzione della vita e delle sue strategie adattative e ciò spiega il suo ruolo rispetto al funzionamento complessivo dell’organismo. Le recenti acquisizioni delle neuroscienze hanno mostrato l’interdipendenza tra attività psichica, espressione genica e plasticità cerebrale che rende possibile il ruolo della mente.
Il sovraccarico allostatico e psicologico legati allo stress dipendono in gran parte dall’attività mentale e costituiscono il principale fattore di rischio per la salute nelle società occidentali, antecedenti accertati delle patologie più diffuse. Se guardiamo a quanto detto sinora nell’ottica dello sviluppo individuale (fase intrauterina, processi di attaccamento, eventi significativi successivi) possiamo avere una idea di come mente, corpo e contesto interagiscono nella strutturazione dell’individuo ed il ruolo condizionante e de-strutturante delle situazioni e degli eventi che provocano una alterazione da stress. Le ricerche sul rapporto tra stress e sviluppo psicobiologico, tra modalità di attaccamento, strutturazione dei circuiti cerebrali, o tra queste e salute, confermano tali assunti (Lazzari, 2007). Venendo più da vicino all’EMDR, gli studi sulla psicobiologica del PTSD stanno mostrando che siamo di fronte sostanzialmente ad una manifestazione (particolarmente complessa ed accentuata) degli effetti dello stress sul network psicocorporeo (Iribarren et al., 2005). La ricerca sul PTSD (e gli altri disturbi da stress del DSM) deve incrociare necessariamente i filoni di studio sopra richiamati ed utilizzare la cornice concettuale che ne scaturisce.
Gli effetti psicobiologici dello stress estremo e del trauma vanno inquadrati nell’ambito delle
interazioni mente-corpo e della regolazione allostatica (carico vs sovraccarico allostatico).
A nostro avviso, al di là degli specifici effetti sul SNC, l’EMDR si è mostrata efficace nel PTSD in relazione alla sua caratteristica generale di ricercare ed utilizzare come “target” non singoli aspetti di una esperienza, bensì l’esperienza nei suoi diversi aspetti: cognitivi, emotivi, fisiologici e relazionali.
Il lavoro dell’EMR va a recuperare una integrazione perduta e lavora su questa.
Si deve tenere presente infatti che, in via generale e preminente, lo stress compromette i livelli di integrazione, coerenza e flessibilità del sistema: lo stress cronico per processi progressivi di disregolazione, quello acuto per “rotture”, blocchi e sconnessioni. Pertanto l’elaborazione dell’informazione (e delle conseguenze) legata ad eventi e situazioni stressanti passa attraverso una re-integrazione di tutti gli aspetti psicobiologici correlati per giungere ad una ristrutturazione.
Il livello di “penetrazione” (efficacia) di un approccio terapeutico è molto legato alla sua omogeneità con la realtà su cui interviene,cioè al fatto di parlare lo stesso linguaggio.
E questo è un punto di forza notevole per l’EMDR.
I dati disponibili sono coerenti con quanto enunciato: l’EMDR modifica i parametri fisiologici riducendo ed annullando l’attivazione da stress, spostando la bilancia dall’inibizione simpatica all’attivazione parasimpatica (Sack et al. 2007) e risulta associata l’abbassamento dell’arousal fisiologico, cioè con pattern di attività regolari e trofiche (Sack et al. 2008), mostrando similarità con quanto accade durante il sonno REM (Elofsson et al., 2008).
L’EMDR incide altresì su disturbi fisici legati al sistema dello stress, come ad esempio hanno mostrato ricerche su patologie dermatologiche (Gupta, 2002).
In recent years, EMDR has established itself as the treatment of evidence in the most classical and most serious of disorders directly related to stress, that is, PTSD (Bisson & Andrew, 2007) and were highlighted its effects on the CNS. Despite this and its progressive use in a wide variety of situations are still few reflections from the perspective sull'EMDR mind-body integration, in particular using data provided by the search of PNEI. In this work we will focus on some of these issues to highlight how EMDR is one of the therapies are more responsive to new scientific evidence and the needs of an integrated science of health. Three main elements of research are: 1. Life has shaped the evolutionary highly integrated structures, we describe how systems
complex feedback network continues with the context. In particular, the nervous, endocrine immune network and provide psycho in a "super-system" of relationship and adjustment
able to ensure the balance incorporating adaptive expertise and managing the dynamic maintenance-change ( "regulation allostatica"). Then the body is a machine made of autonomous parts, assembled together, but a reality that leaves the unit (zygote) and maintains that unitary in all its joints. 2. Stress is not something in itself exceptional and pathological, but must be seen - in contrast -- as the expression of a set of processes (a system) that modulate the individual-regulation framework for adaptive. In essence, the system of stress is always on and only in situations of excess or deficiency (acute or chronic) effects progressively damaging to the individual. The Stress-related activity produces a "load allostatico" (weight biological energy) that --
relation to subjective factors and external - can become "overloaded" by triggering a chain of subsequent alterations in the functioning of the organism. In parallel there is a "load" and a
"Overload psychological" processes related to the first round. 3. In the network system and body of stress, or in the process of setting general internal and individual-context, the mind plays a crucial role as a dimension of modulation in which signals (internal and external) are transformed into information (assigning meanings) depending on the paths and individual needs of adaptation. The mind is so the highest expression of the evolution of life and its adaptive strategies, which explains its role in relation to the overall functioning of the organism. The recent acquisitions of
neuroscience have shown the interdependence of psychic activity, gene expression and plasticity brain that makes the role of the mind. Overload allostatico and psychological stress-related depend in large part by activism mental and constitute the main risk factor for health in Western societies, antecedents established disease spreading. If we look to the foregoing view of personal development (stage intrauterine attachment process, significant events later) we can have an idea of how mind, body and environment interact in the structuring the individual and the role conditioning and de-structuring of situations and events that cause an alteration by stress. Research on the relationship between stress and psychobiological development, including mode of attachment, structure of brain circuits, or between them and health, confirmation of these given (Lazzari, 2007). Coming closer all'EMDR, psychobiological studies of PTSD are showing that we are dealing essentially an event (especially complex and pronounced) the effects of stress on the network psycho (Iribarren et al., 2005). Research on PTSD (and other stress disorders DSM) must necessarily cross the strands study mentioned above and use the conceptual framework that arises. Psychobiological effects of extreme stress and trauma should be classified within mind-body interactions and regulation allostatica (load vs. overload allostatico). In our view, beyond the specific effects on the CNS, EMDR has been shown effective in PTSD in connection with his characteristic broad research and use as a "target" rather than individual aspects of an experience, but experience in its different aspects: cognitive, emotional, physiological and relational. Work dell'EMR goes to retrieve a lost and working on this integration. It should be remembered that, in general, and prominent, stress affects the levels of integration, consistency and flexibility of the system: chronic stress for progressive process of dysregulation, the acute "broken", blocks and disconnections. Therefore processing information (and consequences) related to events and stressful situations through a re-integration of all aspects related to psychobiological reach a restructuring. The level of "penetration" (effectiveness) of a therapeutic approach is very attached to his homogeneity with the reality on which it operates, namely the fact of speaking the same language. And this is a great asset for EMDR. The available data are consistent with the statement: EMDR change physiological parameters reducing and canceling the activation by stress, shifting the balance from the inhibition nice parasympathetic activation (Sack et al. 2007) and is associated with lowering dell'arousal physiological, ie regular patterns of activity and trophic (Sack et al. 2008), showing similarities with what happens during REM sleep (Elofsson et al., 2008).
EMDR also impacts on physical ailments related to the system of stress, such as have Show searches on dermatological (Gupta, 2002).
Keywords: Body-Mind Interaction PNEI
Accuracy Verified: Yes
85. Burrone, T. I. M. (2008, Novembre). L'uso dell"EMDR nella terapia coppia [The use of EMDR in couples therapy]. Presentazione le Applicazioni Cliniche del EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia.
Language: Italian
Format: Conference
Abstract:
La trasversalità dell’uso dell’EMDR e la sua utilità, si conferma anche nell’approccio sistemico e nella terapia di coppia. In particolare il modello descritto da Mark D. Moses è stato evidenziato secondo le modalità che si presentano di seguito.
Il presente lavoro intende dimostrare nell’esperienza clinica l’utilità dell’uso del modello che si sostanzia nel seguente modo:
Assesment approfondito della problematica di coppia e delle rispettive famiglie d’origine, con particolar riguardo ai modelli d’attaccamento di ogni partner, e come questi si riproducono all’interno della coppia.
Somministrazione dell’EMDR a turni alternati ai membri della coppia con presenza in seduta dell’altro coniuge.
Psicoeducazione e coping dei coniugi sulle modalità d’ascolto reciproco durante gli interventi di EMDR.
Saranno presentati esempi clinici con la modalità di lavoro sopradescritta.
The transversality use EMDR and its usefulness is confirmed in the approach and systemic couples therapy. In particular, the model described by Mark D. Moses was shown in that manner are presented below.
This paper aims to demonstrate clinical usefulness in the experience of the use of the model is substantiated as follows:
Thorough assesment of the problem as a couple and their families of origin, particularly with regard to patterns of attachment of each partner, and how they reproduce within the couple.
EMDR administration in alternate years to the couple sitting in there with the other spouse.
Psychoeducation and coping of spouses on how listening to each other while performing EMDR.
Clinical examples will be presented with the working method described above.
Keywords: Couples Therapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
86. Zillhardt, P. (2007, Juin). La thérapie EMDR avec les troubles des comportements alimentaires [EMDR therapy with eating disorders]. Document présenté lors de la réunion de l'Institut Français d'EMDR, Paris, France.
Language: French
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Si les troubles des comportements alimentaires
(TCA) sont considérés par de nombreux auteurs
comme une pathologie addictive du fait de schémas
comportementaux et d’un support neurobiologique
comparables aux autres dépendances (substances
ou comportements), l’accord paraît unanime pour
y voir une réponse spécifique à un modèle biopsychosocial.
Un tel modèle implique : des facteurs inducteurs
et déclencheurs, et des facteurs facilitants
et de pérennisation.
Par exemple, des travaux récents mettent l’accent
sur la prépondérance de facteurs socio-culturels indissociables
des forces médiatiques actuelles. L’importance
de ces derniers facteurs se fait particulièrement
ressentir depuis la seconde moitié du 20ème
siècle et pourrait aller « crescendo ».
En outre, la problématique des TCA est rendue plus
complexe par l’existence d’une lourde comorbidité
dont les éléments pathologiques sont autant causes
que conséquences. Notons que 40% des patients
souffrant de TCA ont eu, à un moment de leur vie,
un PTSD. Nous, praticiens, ne sommes pas étonnés
de constater que bon nombre de ces patients souffrent
d’une altération notable de leur identité.
Le caractère dit « synclétique » de la thérapie EMDR
permet une approche intégrative dans le traitement
des TCA : un aspect cognitif indéniable, le processus
associatif induit par les stimulations alternées
met souvent en lumière des matériaux reflétant des
conflits intrapsychiques plus ou moins archaïques.
Le travail portant sur l’imagerie mentale ou les états
dissociés du moi peut aussi être associé dans les cas
difficiles de patients souffrant de TCA.
Le travail d’anamnèse et l’approche phénoménologique
jouent un rôle primordial dans l’approche
EMDR des TCA.
L’un des aspects forts de la thérapie EMDR est
l’identification de « clusters possibles » représentatifs
des thématiques inductrices des souffrances et
des symptômes inhérents à l’expérience de vie tragique
de ces patients. Le plan de la thérapie est bien sûr personnalisé pour chaque patient.
If the eating disorders
(TCA) are considered by many authors
pathology as a result of addictive patterns
behavioral and neurobiological support
comparable to other addictions (substances
or behavior), the agreement seems unanimous
see a specific response to a biopsychosocial model.
Such a model implies: inducing factors
and triggers, and facilitating factors
and sustainability.
For example, recent studies emphasize
on the balance of socio-cultural factors inseparable
forces current media. The importance
of these factors is particularly
experience since the second half of the 20th
century and could go "crescendo".
In addition, the problem of TCA is made more
complex by the existence of a heavy comorbidity
whose elements are all pathological causes
the consequences. Note that 40% of patients
with TCA had, at some point in their lives,
PTSD. We practitioners are not surprised
to note that many of these patients suffer
a significant change of their identity.
The character says "Syncletica" of EMDR
provides an integrative approach in the treatment
CAW: a cognitive undeniable, the process
associative stimulation induced by alternating
often sheds light reflecting materials
intrapsychic conflicts more or less archaic.
The work on mental imagery or statements
dissociated ego can also be associated in the case
difficult patients with TCA.
Work history and the phenomenological approach
play an important role in the approach
EMDR CAW.
One of the strengths of EMDR is
identifying "clusters possible" representative
inducing themes of suffering and
symptoms inherent in the tragic experience of life
of these patients. The plan of therapy is of course customized for each patient.
Keywords: Eating Disorders
Accuracy Verified: Yes
87. Litt, B.K. (2008, September). The marriage of EMDR and ego state therapy in couples therapy. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Phoenix, AZ.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Ego state conflict can frequently dominate relational patterns even in clients without a trauma history. Relational partners often have poor boundaries and share a mutual dependency characterized by blame and projection. This workshop will explore family dynamics that contribute to ego fragmentation and manifestations of interlocking ego state conflict in couples therapy. Participants will learn a model for EMDR-based assessment and treatment planning, be able to describe ego state manifestations in couples conflict, and learn how to manage ego states in the desensitization phase of processing.
Keywords: Couples Therapy Ego State Therapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
88. Chang, S. H. (2005). Mechanism of EM in EMDR: Change strength of semantic associations. Presentation at the American Psychological Association Annual Convention, Washington, DC.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Research background & objectives: Based on REM-sleep dependent memory reprocessing model, this study examined possible therapeutic mechanisms of eye
movements in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR; Shapiro, 1989,
1995, 2001). Stickgold (2002) proposed that sleep induced change in associative memory
via activation of weak association during REM state and EMs functioned as REM sleep to
integrate the episodic memory of trauma into general semantic memory. Specifically, the
effect of EM in relation to order of relatedness of associations on change of strength of
semantic associations for negative words after saccadic bilateral eye movements was
examined in the present study.
Methods: Sixty-four college students were recruited as participants. Via semantic
priming task, a 2 (eye movement condition: horizontal saccadic eye movements vs. no
eye movements) × 3 (strength of semantic association: strong priming vs. weak priming
vs. unrelated priming) × 2 (block order of presentation: related prime first vs. unrelated
prime first) mixed factorial design was performed, with strength of semantic association
serving as within Ss factor and the other two variables serving as between Ss factors. The
primes consisted of negative word stimuli. Each trials consisted of an 8 seconds saccadic
horizontal eye movement manipulation (200 ms per movement in EM condition),
followed by 500-msec fixation point and then prime displayed for 32msec, which was
followed immediately by the target. The participant was instructed to read the target as
soon as possible and the reaction time was recorded by the compuer. While absolute
primeability index for strong (or weak) association was calculated as (RT
related – RT unrelated) for strong primes or weak primes, respectively, relative primeability index was calculated as (RT related – RT unrelated)/RT
unrelated. The dependent variables were correct (%), error (%), and primeability index for each of strong prime and weak prime. Change of primeability
of weak associations for negative stimuli as opposed to that of strong ones under different
EM conditions and different block order was compared.
Results: For absolute primeability index, the 2 (EM condition) × 2 (order) × 2 (strength
of priming) ANOVA showed that only the interaction effect of EM × strength of semantic
association was approaching significance, indicating that weak priming significantly
exceeded strong priming after EM (F (1, 56)
= 18.01, p < .001; partial ω 2= .210), while the
opposite was true after non-EM (F (1, 56)
= 25.86, p < .0001; partial ω 2 = .280). Further, for weak prime, the priming effect was stronger after EM than after non-EM (F
(1, 56) = 74.62,
p < .0001; partial ω 2 = .535). For relative primeability index, it also revealed that only the interaction effect of EM × strength of semantic association was significant (F (1, 56) = 6.09, p < .02; partial ω 2 = .074), and tests of simple main effects showed similar patterns as those of absolute primeability index. Conclusions: 8s EMs was associated with change of strength of semantic associations.
While EM didn’t weaken the primeability for the strong association, EM did enhance the
primeability for weak associations. Further, weak priming significantly exceeded strong
priming after EM, while the opposite was true after non-EM. The results echoed
REM-sleep dependent memory reprocessing model, suggesting that EM in EMDR might
reflect a shift in associative memory systems by activating different strength of
associations of negative semantic nodes for different semantically related words. Given
that order of relatedness didn’t play a role and previous research showed that EM resulted
in decreased vividness and emotionality and generated greater amount of associations for
negative stimuli as well, the implications of the present results from theoretical and
psychotherapy point of views and future research possibilities are discussed.
Keywords: EMDR REM REM-Sleep Dependent Memory Reprocessing Model Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Saccadic Eye movement Semantic Association
Accuracy Verified: Yes
89. Usita, A. L. (2012, April). Mental health providers' perspectives on youth trauma services: Usual care and evidence-based practices. University of Hawaii at Hilo. 1511570.
Language: English
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract:
Keywords: EBP Evidence-based practices
Accuracy Verified: Yes
90. Shapiro, F. (2010, March). Mente humana, psicoterapia y EMDR/Human mind, psychotherapy and EMDR. XVII Scientific Symposium "From Neurobiology to Nosology of Mental Disorders," Lilly Foundation, Madrid, Spain.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Over the past decade, the rapid treatment effects of EMDR have provided neuro-physiological and clinical researchers with a “window into the brain.” In addition to the neurobiological changes, the rapid shifts in cognition, affect and somatic response reveal consistent patterns of internal associative processes. Systematic evaluation has also demonstrated that a wide variety of diagnoses are caused or exacerbated by unprocessed memories. Hence, EMDR treatment directly addresses the physiologically stored memory networks that underlie both psychological problems and mental health. A clinical tape will illustrate the findings, and the implications will be explored.
Keywords: Human Mind Psychotherapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
91. Thomas, L. E., & Lleras, A. (2007). Moving eyes and moving thought: On the spatial compatibility between eye movements and cognition. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 14(4), 663-668.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Grant and Spivey (2003) proposed that eye movement trajectories can influence spatial reasoning by way
of an implicit eye-movement-to-cognition link. We tested this proposal and investigated the nature of this link
by continuously monitoring eye movements and asking participants to perform a problem-solving task under
free-viewing conditions while occasionally guiding their eye movements (via an unrelated tracking task), either
in a pattern related to the problem’s solution or in unrelated patterns. Although participants reported that they
were not aware of any relationship between the tracking task and the problem, those who moved their eyes in
a pattern related to the problem’s solution were the most successful problem solvers. Our results support the
existence of an implicit compatibility between spatial cognition and the eye movement patterns that people use
to examine a scene.
Keywords: Eye Movements
Accuracy Verified: Yes
92. Manfield, P. (1995, June). Narcissistic disorders: Using EMDR with these difficult clients. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference Santa Monica, CA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Definition of client population:
Disorder of the self. The narcissistic character is often identified by his or her grandiose facade concealing an underlying sense of
emptiness and worthlessness. To experience the underlying emptiness is so painful for them that these people cut off their inner
experience and rely instead on external admiration and praise to support their grandiose or superior view of themselves; their
condition is often referred to as a "disorder of the self." Because of their dependence on others for their sense of themselves, they are
exquisitely sensitive to criticism or disapproval, often warding off deflation by becoming increasingly grandiose, superior, disdainful
or demeaning. Many conceal their grandiosity, maintaining a secret sense of superiority which may be based upon their
perfectionism or their quiet devaluing of others.
View of others: there is a range of severity of the narcissistic character from personality disorders to a narcissistic character style.
People with personality disorders, are unable to form a trusting bond with another person; they view people primarily as
interchangeable, performing a function which could equally be performed by many others. Less impaired narcissistic characters,
however, are able to form varying degrees of attachments to other people, although their ability to trust and care about other people
is limited. Most commonly they relate to people they can idealize or be admired by. People tend to be seen in extremes as either
superior and powerful or inferior and worthless; supportive and admiring or critical and attacking.
Difficulties in using EMDR:
Clinically these clients represent a difficult and often frustrating population to treat; they are brittle and easily injured if they to not
feel perfectly understood by their therapists, and they will distance at the slightest hint that they are being judged or used. They
resist focusing inward and defining their problems as arising within themselves, and find it difficult to sustain any genuine affect,
other than perhaps rage. If they feel understood and accepted, however, they will eventually talk about their sense of emptiness and
worthlessness and their confusion about who they are and what is truly meaningful and valuable to them.
Beck, Young and others have described factors that make it difficult to treat any personality disorder using a cognitive behavioral
approach. There have in fact been very few reported "successes" in the literature. Most of the difficulties are related to the self and
object splitting characteristic of these clients. These clients have limited access to feelings, limited access to spontaneous thoughts,
body sensations, memories, etc., and vague unfocussed presenting problems making targeting difficult. They usually have difficulty
with emotional and often intellectual continuity from session to session; they will rarely keep a log or follow through with
homework; transference issues often come into central focus and must be addressed before other targets; and their selfdefeating
beliefs and behavior patterns are extremely deeply held, pervasive and resistant to change.
In addition to varying degrees of these difficulties, narcissistic clients present all of the problems in EMDR that they do in more
traditional therapies; including their tendencies to act out, deny, and avoid. These and other defenses interfere with completion of
segments of therapeutic work and make it difficult for the clinician to keep work focused within one neural network. Self and object
splitting leads to continuity problems within or between sessions and a difficulty maintaining clarity about the reason for being in
treatment. The client may feel suicidal one week and declare himself or herself to be fully recovered the next. Perhaps the most
confirming aspect of the treatment of these clients, however, is their emotionally impoverished pasts; they have very limited
experience of nurturing, loving and caring to draw !?om in order to interweave new meanings and perspectives into traumatic or
painful past experiences.
Length of treatment:
I have found that I have been able to achieve good results with higher level narcissistic clients with whom I have had an established
relationship at the time I introduced EMDR into the treatment. My results with clients who have come to therapy asking specifically
for EMDR and with whom I have begun using EMDR soon after the beginning of treatment have been generally poorer, varying
with the severity of the client's disorder, the less severe doing best. The client needs to be able to establish a meaningful trusting
relationship with the therapist; the more severe the client's difficulties with attachment, the more time this process requires.
Narcissistic clients do not tend to see their difficulty with vulnerability, trust and intimacy as a problem within themselves. If they
are able to recognize personal problems, they are usually in the area of self esteem and obstacles to achievement. When they are
able to resolve some of these latter problems fairly rapidly through treatment they tend to terminate, no longer seeing a sufficient
purpose for treatment. In a sense, they can become better narcissists; their grandiose view of themselves is enhanced and they are
reinforced in their use of self-sufficiency as a defense against interpersonal vulnerability. I view the relative efficiency of EMDR as
a problem for deeper treatment of narcissistic clients because there is less time for the therapeutic relationship to develop and
consequently a limited opportunity to impact the client's object splitting. I believe that this is why I have found EMDR with
narcissistic clients to be most effective when it is introduced after a therapeutic relationship has had time to develop. Negative cognitions:
The early maladaptive schemas of narcissistic clients are pervasive in their lives and point to a plethora of negative cognitions.
Typical early schemas are: I must control myself (or my feelings, my behavior, my body) at all times; no one cares; my needs will
never be met; I can't trust anyone; I am deeply flawed and unlovable; I am dikeable, unattractive to others; I will always fail; my
flaws are totally unacceptable to others; I must be perfect or I am worthless; I deserve to be treated more specially than others; I must
please others to avoid attack; I'm alone; nobody understands me; I am OK if I am better than others; I am OK only if others admire
me. It is often helpful to narrow these cognitions down to make them manageable with EMDR
Treatment:
In addition to the recommended protocol of establishing a safe space to which the client can retreat if necessary, before doing an
EMDR session with one of these clients, the therapist should identify as many of the client's emotional resources possible, in
particular expriences if any of having felt loved and accepted ad examples of loving people or relationships the client has observed
Among other things, these facilitate more effective copitive interweaves.
The initial task in doing an EMDR session with this client population is to establish an appropriate and richly defined target. Since
it is more difficult for these clients to access meanm&l memories in an emotionally alive way, the therapist must be more active in
helping the client stimulate the associated neural netork as I l l y as possible. In addition to the client's reaction to the plight of
children he may be related to or observe (Level I1 training), a rich source of emotional responsiveness and resources is the client's
own response to situations he has witnessed in news media, TV, movies or theater.
A major challenge in addressing a narcissistic character type using EMDR is tracking the course of the session with these clients
and identifying when they drip out of the targeted neural network. This process can be subtle because it requires an ability to
differentiate true avoidance hm spontaneous associations which may appear at hat to be irrelevant; it requires a familiarity with
and sensitivity to the protective or defensive mechanisms they use to insulate themselves fiom painful memories and affect. As the
patterns ofmovement in and out of the targeted network are identified it is important to use interventions that are experienced by the
client as supportive but nevertheless make hun or her aware of having wandered.
Although the narcissistic client may initiate treatment with the stated goal of improving his performance in specified areas, he will
agree upon reflection that the real problem is that he feels an overriding need to perform in order to feel worthwhile. Since he has
never known any other way of dealing with his self-worth, he will be skeptical about whether it is possible to feel a sense of worth
that is not based upon performance, and it is easy for the therapist to lose perspective and join him in that beliet especially while
doing EMDR with its potential for reprocessing with extraordinary precision specific obstacles to performance. The therapist must,
however, retain her healthy perspective if the client is to learn to accept himself.
For more clinical information about treating disorders of the self:
1.)Beck, Aaron T., et al, Cognitive Therapy Of Personality Disorder Guilford Press, New York,
N. Y., 1990
2.)Manfield, Philip, Split Self/Split Object: Understanding And Treating Borderline, Narcissistic And Schizoid Disorders, Jason Aronson Publishers, Northvale, N.J., 1992.
3.)Young, Jeffrey, E, Cognitive Therapy For Personality Disorders: A Schema-Focused Approach,
Professional Resource Exchange, Inc., Sarasota, Florida, 1990.
Keywords: Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Accuracy Verified: Yes
93. Pagani, M., DiLorenzo, G., Verardo, A. R., Nicolais, G., Monaco, L., Lauretti, G., Russo, R., Niolu, C., Ammaniti, M. Fernandex, I., & Siracusano, A. (2012). Neurobiological correlates of EMDR monitoring - an EEG study. PLoS ONE, 7(9), 1-12. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0045753.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Background: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a recognized first-line treatment for psychological trauma. However its neurobiological bases have yet to be fully disclosed.
Methods: Electroencephalography (EEG) was used to fully monitor neuronal activation throughout EMDR sessions including the autobiographical script. Ten patients with major psychological trauma were investigated during their first EMDR session (T0) and during the last one performed after processing the index trauma (T1). Neuropsychological tests were administered at the same time. Comparisons were performed between EEGs of patients at T0 and T1 and between EEGs of patients and 10 controls who underwent the same EMDR procedure at T0. Connectivity analyses were carried out by lagged phase synchronization.
RESULTS: During bilateral ocular stimulation (BS) of EMDR sessions EEG showed a significantly higher activity on the orbito-frontal, prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortex in patients at T0 shifting towards left temporo-occipital regions at T1. A similar trend was found for autobiographical script with a higher firing in fronto-temporal limbic regions at T0 moving to right temporo-occipital cortex at T1. The comparisons between patients and controls confirmed the maximal activation in the limbic cortex of patients occurring before trauma processing. Connectivity analysis showed decreased pair-wise interactions between prefrontal and cingulate cortex during BS in patients as compared to controls and between fusiform gyrus and visual cortex during script listening in patients at T1 as compared to T0. These changes correlated significantly with those occurring in neuropsychological tests.
Conclusion: The ground-breaking methodology enabled our study to image for the first time the specific activations associated with the therapeutic actions typical of EMDR protocol. The findings suggest that traumatic events are processed at cognitive level following successful EMDR therapy, thus supporting the evidence of distinct neurobiological patterns of brain activations during BS associated with a significant relief from negative emotional experiences.
Keywords: EEG Study Neurobiological Correlates
Accuracy Verified: Yes
94. Pagani, M. et al (2012, June). Neurobiological correlates of EMDR monitoring - An EEG study [Correlatos neurobiológicos y monitorización EMDR – un estudio con EEG]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Background:
Eye
Movement
Desensitization
and
Reprocessing
(EMDR)
is
a
recognized
first-‐line
treatment
for
psychological
trauma.
However
its
neurobiological
bases
have
not
been
disclosed
yet.
Methods:
Electroencephalography
was
used
for
the
first
time
to
fully
monitor
neuronal
activation
during
whole
EMDR
sessions
including
the
autobiographical
script.
Ten
clients
with
major
psychological
trauma
were
investigated
during
the
first
EMDR
session
and
during
the
last
one
performed
after
processing
the
index
trauma.
Comparisons
between
the
EEG
of
the
first
and
last
EMDR
session
and
between
the
EEG
of
the
clients
at
the
first
session
and
those
of
10
controls
undergoing
the
same
EMDR
procedure
were
performed.
Results:
During
both
script
listening
and
bilateral
stimulation
EEG
showed
significantly
higher
activity
in
the
prefrontal
limbic
cortex
(Brodmann
Areas,
BA
9-‐
10)
at
the
first
as
compared
to
the
last
EMDR
session.
The
opposite
comparison
showed
a
shift
of
the
prevalent
activity
towards
temporal,
parietal
and
occipital
cortical
regions
(BAs
20,
21,
22,
37,
17,
18,
19)
with
leftward
lateralization.
The
comparison
between
the
10
clients
and
the
10
controls
confirmed
the
maximal
activation
in
the
limbic
cortex
in
the
clients
before
processing
the
trauma.
Conclusions:
The
implemented
methodology
made
possible
to
image
for
the
first
time
the
specific
activations
associated
with
the
therapeutic
actions
contemplated
by
EMDR.
The
findings
suggested
cognitive
processing
of
traumatic
events
following
successful
EMDR
therapy
supporting
the
evidence
of
distinct
neurobiological
patterns
of
brain
activations
during
bilateral
ocular
stimulation
associated
with
a
significant
relieve
from
negative
emotional
experiences.
Antecedente
Teórico:
La
desensibilización
y
reprocesamiento
por
el
movimiento
ocular
(EMDR)
es
una
reconocida
primera
línea
para
el
tratamiento
del
trauma
psicológico.
Sin
embargo
sus
bases
neurobiológicas
no
han
sido
descifradas
todavía.
Método:
La
electroencefalografía
ha
sido
usada
por
primera
vez
para
monitorizar
completamente
la
activación
neuronal
durante
sesiones
enteras
de
EMDR
incluyendo
el
guión
autobiográfico.
10
Clientes
con
traumas
psicológicos
mayores
fueron
investigados
durante
la
primera
sesión
de
EMDR
y
durante
la
última
después
del
procesamiento
del
trauma
raíz.
Las
comparaciones
entre
los
EEG
de
la
última
y
primera
sesión
y
las
de
EEG
de
los
clientes
en
la
primera
sesión
y
10
controles
realizando
el
mismo
procedimiento
de
EMDR
fueron
realizadas.
Resultados:
Durante
ambos
procesos,
la
escucha
y
la
estimulación
bilateral,
el
EEG
mostró
una
actividad
significativamente
mayor
en
el
córtex
límbico
prefontral
(Brodmann
Areas,
BA
9-‐10)
al
principio
comparadas
con
la
última
sesión
de
EMDR.
La
comparación
opuesta
muestra
un
cambio
en
la
actividad
fundamental
entre
las
regiones
corticales
temporal,
parietal
y
occipital
(BAs
20,
21,
22,
37,
17,
18,
19)
con
lateralizaciones
hacia
la
izquierda.
La
comparación
entre
los
10
clientes
y
los
controles
confirman
la
activación
máxima
de
la
corteza
límbica
en
los
clientes
antes
de
procesar
el
trauma.
Conclusiones:
La
metodología
usada
hizo
posible
visualizar
la
neuroimagen
por
primera
vez
de
las
activaciones
cerebrales
asociadas
con
las
acciones
terapéuticas
que
acontecen
en
el
EMDR.
Los
hallazgos
sugieren
que
el
procesamiento
cognitivo
de
los
eventos
traumáticos
seguidos
de
una
terapia
EMDR
exitosa
apoyan
la
evidencia
de
un
patrón
neurobiológico
diferenciado
en
las
activaciones
del
cerebro
durante
la
estimulación
ocular
bilateral
asociados
con
una
acumulación
un
experiencias
emocionales
negativas.
Keywords: EEG Study
Accuracy Verified: Yes
95. Pagani, M., Salmaso, D., Flumeri, F., & Hogberg, G. (2008, June). The neurobiological substrates of PTSD and EMDR therapy. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England UK.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
In the recent years, the number of studies using neuro-imaging to evaluate neural correlates of psychotherapy
has steadily increased revealing its clear neurobiological effects on brain function across a wide range of
psychiatric disorders. Functional studies by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron
emission tomography (PET) can now reliably detect changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and metabolism
patterns, suggesting a specific role for each of the brain areas in various components of emotional processing.
Investigations by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have also revealed psychiatry disease-related structural
changes. Some regions have been reported to be associated with emotional response to trauma, and with
symptom formation in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Several studies have provided evidence for the
efficacy of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing therapy (EMDR) in the treatment of PTSD. However
a very limited number of studies have investigated the neurobiological substrate of such therapy in clinical
practice. SPECT and MRI studies, performed to examine the effects of EMDR on brain patho-physiology have
provided some preliminary evidence that changes in brain CBF and structure patterns may follow effective
treatment. In general in PTSD and in anxiety disorders functional deactivations parallel symptoms relief and
decreased hyperreactivity to emotional and memory disturbances. Functional neuro-imaging is a promising tool
for the investigation of the physiological impact of psychotherapy in anxiety related disorders and may thus pave
the road for a better detection of its effects in psychiatric treatment. The scientific literature reporting
PTSD/EMRD related neuro-imaging studies will be extensively reviewed.
Keywords: Neurobiology Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
96. Pagani, M. (2011, June). Neuroimaging and novel neurobiological findings in EMDR research [Neuroimaging und neuartige neurobiologische erkenntnisse in der EMDR forschung]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Vienna, Austria.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
In the recent years the number of neuroimaging studies evaluating neural correlates of psychotherapy has steadily increased revealing its clear neurobiological effects on brain function across a wide range of psychiatric disorders. Functional studies by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) detect changes in cerebral blood flow and metabolism patterns, identifying the brain areas processing the various components of emotional processing and/or affected by the disorders. Investigations by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have also revealed psychiatry disease-related structural changes.
The first part of the workshop (20 minutes) will describe the neuroimaging methodologies and findings in PTSD/EMDR research with and extensive review of previous literature on the neurobiological effects of EMDR. The second part of the workshop (20 minutes) will deal with the description and implementation in research and clinic of neuropsychological testing with brief comments and discussion about their use in the recent experiments performed by our group. In the third part the EEG monitoring of a complete set of EMDR therapies in 10 patients suffering of major trauma will be presented. The relative results are the first report ever on the neurobiological changes occurring before, during and after EMDR therapy sheding light on the neuronal processes underlying its clinical efficacy.
Learning objectives:
The description and the discussion about the contents of the workshop will provide the audience (1) the necessary information to understand the methodological principles behind the neuroimaging techniques (PET, SPECT and MRI) and their possible applications in research and clinic; (2) the critical knowledge of the limited number of published papers in the field of EMDR-related functional and anatomical studies; (3) the basic research principles and examples to be motivated to begin, take part and/or collaborate to EMDR research in order to better understand the neural basis of this fascinating psychotherapeutic technique.
Keywords: Neurobiology Neuroimaging
Accuracy Verified: Yes
97. Grenough, M. (2008, September). OASIS in the overwhelm - For you & your clients: 4 breif strategies to calm, relax, re-wire the brain. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR International Association, Phoenix, AZ.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Looking for calm in the chaos – for you and your clients? Examine findings of recent research regarding the brain’s neuroplasticity and our ability to re-wire our own brains. Learn four 60-second strategies that can calm, relax, heighten sense of personal control, diminish power of old patterns, and strengthen healthy neural pathways. Understand and be able to explain to clients how research testifies to the efficacy of these simple strategies and how their implementation can be useful in EMDR treatment. In this highly experiential workshop, you will learn four strategies and explore how/when to use each with your clients – and with yourself.
Keywords: OASIS Relaxation Exercises
Accuracy Verified: Yes
98. Yoeli, F. R., & Prattos-Spongalides, T-A. (2004, June). OCD: Anxiety, rituals, co-morbidity or altered state? Treatment outcomes with EMDR. In anxiety disorders and EMDR (A. de Jongh, Chair). Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of th EMDR Europe Association, Stockholm, Sweden .
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Trauma-generated OCD repeats the trauma through its own ritual behavior patterns. This altered state re-traumatizes the core personality through the repetition of rituals similar to the original trauma. The presenters hypothesize that trauma-based OCD is an altered state not co-morbid with diagnosis for dissociative disorders. This OCD persona served the dissociative adult cope with traumatic memories changing and influencing reactions to ongoing trauma, life choices, and other behavior patterns.
This aim of this workshop is to focus on the development of trauma-based, anxiety-motivated dissociative states. Life in the shadow of chronic anxiety stemming from living under constant and consistent life-threatening conditions produces a (sub)-population of persons suffering from PTS/D. The anxiety and fear from elements of unprocessed traumatic events are retained and embedded in the body and are repeatedly triggered in daily life. This PTSD population dissociates into anxiety-based altered states ranging along a continuum from mild tension to phobias, panic attacks, denial, PCD, aggression, indifference and apathy and finally full blown trauma generated OCD.
The presenters provide cross-cultural examples demonstrating how ongoing threat of man-made or natural disasters often leads to a dissociative OCD state. Case examples are explored which demonstrate how processing with EMDR effectively enables resolution and change. EMDR is particularly useful in processing the “anxiety” via current behavior patterns.
Objectives: 1) to examine the co-morbidity aspects of trauma-based OCD and dissociation 2) to present the parallel continuums of types of stress and anxiety (on the intensity and severity axis 3) to compare the differences and similarities in behavioral patterns in different cultures under the stress of constant threat of annihilation (man-made vs. natural threats) 4) to demonstrate the effectiveness of EMDR on trauma induced OCD, through case illustration and discussion.
Keywords: Altered States Anxiety Disorders Co-morbidity Obsessive Compulsive Disorder OCD Rituals Symposium Treatment Outcomes
Accuracy Verified: Yes
99. Richard, D. (2005, November). Outlining the effectiveness of prolonged exposure treatment. Poster presented at the 21st annual meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, Toronto, ON.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Prolonged exposure (PE) is an empirically validated treatment for PTSD.
However, there remain issues surrounding the optimal length of exposure
sessions, the efficacy of prolonged exposure vis-a-vis other behavioral (Foa et
al., 1999), cognitive (Resick et al., 2002), cognitive-behavioral (Feske &
Chambless, 1995), and EMDR (Ironson et al., 2002) interventions, whether
patterns of symptom change differ between PE and cognitive treatments
(Nishith, et al., 2002), and those variables that predict significant amounts of
variance in treatment outcome (Tarrier, Sommerfield, Pilgrim, & Faragher,
2000). In this presentation, I will discuss the theoretical basis of prolonged
exposure therapy, review the comparative outcome literature surrounding
prolonged exposure, and summarize empirical research findings with regard
to its efficacy and optimal use. Mechanisms of action involved in PE will be
discussed with an emphasis on providing a context for the subsequent
papers in the Poster.
Keywords: Poster Prolonged Exposure
Accuracy Verified: Yes
100. Wesselmann, D. (2007, September). Overcoming obstacles to healthy bonds: Treating parent-child attachments with EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Dallas, TX.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Disturbed attachment in childhood is associated with serious emotional and behavioral disorders throughout the lifespan. Unfortunately, problems related to poor attachments and abuse by attachment figures are frequently transmitted from one generation to the next. This workshop will explain how these problems are transmitted and describe strategies for using EMDR to heal the effects of past trauma and strengthen the bonds between parents and children in birth families and challenging adoptive situations. By targeting blocks to healthy attachment and strengthening new, healthier patterns of relating for parents and children, even parents who were not lucky enough to have grown up with a secure attachment can be helped to overcome the odds and give their children a better life. This workshop blends technical, theoretical, and clinical elements in a manner that is both practical and enjoyable for participants.
Keywords: Attachment Bonds Children Parents
Accuracy Verified: Yes
101. Pagani, M., Di Lorenzo, G., Verardo, A. R., Nicolais, G., Lauretti, G., Russo, R., Cogolo, P., Niolu, C., Ammaniti, M., Siracusano, A., & Fernandez, I. (2012, January). P-1162 Pre- intra- and post-treatment EEG imaging of EMDR - neurobiological bases of treatment efficacy. European Psychiatry, 27(Supplement 1), 1-1. doi:10.1016/S0924-9338(12)75329-4.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Aim: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a recognized first-line treatment for psychological trauma. However its neurobiological bases have not been disclosed yet. Methods: Electroencephalography was used for the first time to fully monitor neuronal activation during whole EMDR sessions including the autobiographical script. Nine clients with major psychological trauma were investigated during the first EMDR session and during the last one performed after processing the index trauma. Comparisons between the EEG of the first and last EMDR session and between the EEG of the clients at the first session and those of 9 controls undergoing the same EMDR procedure were performed. Results: During both script listening and bilateral stimulation EEG showed significantly higher activity in the prefrontal limbic cortex (Brodmann Areas, BA 9–10) at the first as compared to the last EMDR session. The opposite comparison showed a shift of the prevalent activity towards temporal, parietal and occipital cortical regions (BAs 20, 21, 22, 37, 17, 18, 19) with leftward lateralisation. The comparison between the 9 clients and the 9 controls confirmed the maximal activation in the limbic cortex in the clients before processing the trauma. Conclusions: The implemented methodology made possible to image for the first time the specific activations associated with the therapeutic actions contemplated by EMDR. The findings suggest cognitive processing of traumatic events following successful EMDR therapy supporting the evidence of distinct neurobiological patterns of brain activations during bilateral ocular stimulation associated with a significant relieve from negative emotional experiences.
Keywords: EEG Imaging Neurobiology
Accuracy Verified: Yes
102. Bodill, B. (2009, September). Patterns of reduction of distress in clinical conditions using eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR). University of University of Kwa Zulu Natal.
Language: English
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract:
This study investigated the patterns of reduction of distress in clinical personality
patterns, severe personality patterns, depressive constructs, other clinical syndromes, severe
clinical syndromes and dissociation following EMDR treatment. Thirty-two people, ranging
from 23 to 65 years old, underwent the full EMDR protocol treatment for up to three traumas.
The findings regarding clinical personality patterns revealed that EMDR is most
effective in reducing the symptoms of dependent personality pattern because 76% of
participants with clinically significant dependent personality pattern before EMDR treatment
no longer had a clinically significant score (>75) on the MCMI-III at the end of EMDR
treatment; compared to 75% with masochistic personality pattern, 77% with negativistic
personality pattern, 69% with avoidant personality pattern, 40% with depressive personality
pattern and 29% with schizoid personality pattern. These gains were maintained on the
MCMI-III at follow-up by 76% with dependent personality pattern, 64% with masochistic
personality pattern, 46% with negativistic personality pattern, 38% with avoidant personality
pattern, 30% with depressive personality pattern and 29% with schizoid personality pattern.
The analysis of the severe personality patterns at the end of EMDR treatment revealed
that the scores on the MCMI-III reduced from within one standard deviation above the mean
(60-74) to below the mean (<60) for 84% of participants with borderline personality pattern,
compared to 68% with paranoid personality pattern and 52% with schizotypal personality
pattern. These gains were maintained on the MCMI-III at follow-up by 84% with borderline
personality pattern, 68% with paranoid personality pattern and 48% with schizotypal
personality pattern.
The analysis of the depressive constructs revealed that EMDR is most effective in
reducing symptoms of major depression as 86% of participants with clinically significant
major depression before EMDR treatment no longer had a clinically significant score (>75) on the MCMI-III at the end of EMDR treatment; compared to 73% with dysthymia and 40%
with depressive personality pattern. These gains were maintained on the MCMI-III at followup
by 86% with major depression, 58% with dysthymia, and 33% with depressive personality
pattern.
The findings regarding the other clinical syndromes revealed that 91% of participants
with clinically significant post traumatic stress before EMDR treatment, no longer had a
clinically significant score (>75) on the MCMI-III at the end of EMDR treatment, compared
to 75% of participants with anxiety. These gains were maintained on the MCMI-III at followup
by 91% of participants with post traumatic stress and 69% of participants with anxiety.
The analysis of the severe clinical syndromes at the end of EMDR treatment revealed
that the scores on the MCMI-III reduced from within one standard deviation above the mean
(60-74) to below the mean (<60) for 78% of participants with delusional disorder, compared
to 67% with thought disorder, 32% with bipolar (manic), 28% with alcohol dependence and
28% with drug dependence. These gains were maintained on the MCMI-III at follow-up by
67% of participants with delusional disorder, compared to 63% with thought disorder, 53%
with bipolar (manic), 48% with alcohol dependence and 57% with drug dependence.
The analysis of the effects of EMDR on dissociation revealed that there was a
significant decrease in symptoms of dissociation on the DES at the end of EMDR treatment
and these gains were maintained at the follow-up measurement at the end of the study.
Whilst the findings of the present study cannot be generalised due to the small sample
size, the findings do suggest that EMDR is successful in the treatment of a number of clinical
conditions in addition to post traumatic stress; with further research being strongly indicated
in order to further explicate the efficacy of EMDR across different psychiatric conditions.
Keywords: Reduction of Distress
Accuracy Verified: Yes
103. Bodill, B., and Collings, S. (2011, March). Patterns of reduction of distress in personality patterns and clinical conditions using EMDR. Presentation at the 9th annual Conference of the EMDR UK & Ireland, Bristol .
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
This 36 month study investigated the effects of EMDR on the reduction of clinical
personality patterns and depressive symptoms. With respect to personality patterns, the study
found that EMDR is most effective in reducing the symptoms of dependent personality patterns,
as 76% of participants who evidenced clinically significant dependent personality patterns prior
to EMDR treatment no longer had clinically significant post-treatment scores (>75 on the MCMIIII),
compared to reductions in clinically significant scores for other personality patterns of 75%
(masochistic pattern), 77% (negativistic pattern), 69% (avoidant pattern), 40% (depressive pattern),
and 29% (schizoid pattern). However, at follow-up assessment these gains were maintained for
dependent personality pattern (reduction in clinically significant symptoms in 76% of participants)
and schizoid personality pattern (29%), but only partially maintained for other personality patterns:
masochistic (64% reduction), negativistic (46% reduction), avoidant (38% reduction), and depressive
(33% reduction). The analysis of depressive constructs revealed that EMDR is effective in reducing
symptoms of depression, as 86% of participants with clinically significant major depression before
EMDR treatment no longer had a clinically significant post-treatment score (>75 on the MCMI-III);
while 73% of participants with clinically significant dysthymia no longer has clinically significant posttreatment
scores. These gains were maintained at follow-up for major depression (86% reduction)
and partially maintained for dysthymia (58% reduction).
Keywords: Depressive Symptoms Personality Patterns
Accuracy Verified: Yes
104. Greway, G. (2003). Personality change in trauma victims by the use of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, resource development and installation, and emotional freedom techniques. Union Institute and Unversity, Cincinnati, OH. AAT 3088540.
Language: English
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract:
Personality change in victims of trauma has been demonstrated by key researchers in the field of trauma. This research explored this area further by studying if problem personality patterns can improve to healthier levels by processing trauma symptoms with new rapid trauma techniques. This research provides new information in trauma and personality, as well as offers links to possible new treatment methods. The hypothesis tested in this research was that significant change in problem personality patterns would occur in trauma subjects whose symptoms were processed through a multi-impact therapy that included Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), building ego structure through Resource Installation and Development and reducing physiological stress through the use of Emotional Freedom Techniques, as compared to subjects in the control group who received talking therapy. A sample of ten female participants was selected that had traumatic backgrounds and posttraumatic symptoms. All subjects received the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory III (MCMI III) as a pre and a post test, and the Personality Assessment Screener (PAS) throughout 14 weeks of treatment. The PAS provided a means to measure subjects through descriptive statistics and the MCMI III measured the three highest clinical personality scales and the changes that occurred after the treatment. Within the two groups, the results of the PAS showed that talking therapy may be extremely helpful for personality improvement for some individuals processing trauma issues, but not all. The MCMI III results showed that the multi-impact group appeared to be somewhat more stable, meaning that the multi-impact treatment appeared to aid improvement on all three personality scales. The talking treatment group showed improvement on the most problematic personality scale, minimal increase on the second highest personality scale, and the third highest personality scale became significantly worse as compared to the multi-impact treatment group. This confirmed the hypothesis that there would be significant change in clinical personality scores. This implies that the multi-impact treatment helped individuals in a more efficient manner, in that improvement on personality syndromes or disorders was global. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)
Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 64(4-B), 2003, pp. 1902.
Keywords: Emotional Freedom Techniques Emotional Trauma Emotions Freedom Empirical Study Personality Change Resource Development Resource Installation Trauma Victims
Accuracy Verified: Yes
105. Pagani, M. (2012, March). Pre-, intra-, and post-treatment EEG imaging of EMDR – Neurobiological bases of treatment efficacy. Poster presentation at the Scientific Programme of the 20th European Congress of Psychiatry, Prague, Czech Republic.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Conclusions: The implemented methodology made possible for the first time to image and represent on the cortical surface the specific brain activations associated with the therapeutic actions contemplated by EMDR protocol. These findings suggest the cognitivization of traumatic events following successful EMDR therapy with the maximal neuronal firing shifting from prefrontal-limbic to parieto-occipital associative cortex. Our results also support the evidence of distinct neurobiological patterns of brain activations during bilateral ocular stimulation.
Keywords: EEG Imaging Efficacy Neurobiology Poster
Accuracy Verified: Yes
106. Pagani, M., Di Lorenzo, G., Monaco, L., Niolu, C., Siracusano, A., Verardo, A. R., Lauretti, G., Fernandez, I., Nicolais, G., Cogolo, P., & Ammaniti, M. (2011). Pretreatment, intratreatment, and posttreatment EEG imaging of EMDR: Methodology and preliminary results from a single case. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 5(2), 42-56. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.5.2.42.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Electroencephalography (EEG), due to its peculiar time and spatial resolution, was used for the first time to fully monitor neuronal activation during the whole eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) session, including the autobiographical script. The present case report describes the dominant cortical activations (Z-score >1.5) during the first EMDR session and in the last session after the client processed the index trauma. During the first EMDR session, prefrontal limbic cortex was essentially activated during script listening and during lateral eye movements in the desensitization phase of EMDR. In the last EMDR session, the prevalent electrical activity was recorded in temporal, parietal, and occipital cortical regions, with a clear leftward lateralization. These findings suggest a cognitive processing of the traumatic event following successful EMDR therapy and support evidence of distinct neurobiological patterns of brain activations during lateral eye movements in the desensitization phase of EMDR.
Keywords: Bilateral Ocular Stimulation Cortical Activation EEG
Accuracy Verified: Yes
107. Moses, M. D. (2003, March). Protocol for EMDR & conjoint couples therapy. EMDRIA Newsletter, 8(1), 4-11.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract:
The protocol presented in this article represents an integration of EMDR with conjoint couples therapy, i.e. with both partners present. The purpose
is to provide couples with an active experience utilizing EMDR for rapid and focused processing of common emotional triggers (“small
t” traumas). These triggers, frequently rooted in early attachment injuries (e.g., abandonment, betrayal, rejection…), often become part of the
couple’s problematic interactional systems (e.g., emotional contracts, styles of communication, and patterns of dyadic interaction).
Keywords: Couples Therapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
108. Smith, G. (2005, September). The psychology of high-performing leaders. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Seattle, WA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
This workshop will introduce the latest research on the psychology of high performing leaders, and a system for applying it to your EMDR Performance
Enhancement work. Participants will lean how to: explain to their client
the skills, psychological characteristics, and critical success factors of High-
Performing Leaders; explain to their clients the "derailment" factors and
non-rational thinking patterns that are the primary barriers lo high performance;
use this information to do optimum EMDR Performance
Enhancement case conceptualization; utilize the standard EMDR protocol
to reduce/eliminate any performance barriers; utilize an integrated RDI
protocol to strengthen and develop high-performance skills and traits.
Keywords: High Performance Leaders Performance Enhancement Performance Barriers
Accuracy Verified: Yes
109. Sack, M., Hofmann, A, Wizelman, L., & Lempa, W. (2007, June). Psychophysiological changes during EMDR - Are they related to treatment outcome?. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Objective: Dual attention stimulation seems to provoke orienting response like patterns of psychophysiological deactivation during “real-life” EMDR treatment sessions (Sack et al, in review). Objective of this study was to investigate the association of psych-physiological effects during dual attention stimulation with treatment outcome as measured by questionnaire and by psychophysiological reactions during presentations of an individualized trauma script.
Methods: A total of 24 EMDR treatment sessions from 10 patients with PTSD were monitored applying impedance Cardiography. The onset of every stimulation/exposure period was marked and effects within and across stimulation sets on heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (RMSSD), pre-ejection period (PEP) and respiration rate were examined. Heart rate reactivity during presentation of an audiotaped trauma script was measured at beginning of every session and additionally one week before the first session and one week after the last treatment session. Statistical correlations between both subjective (Impact of Event Scale, SUD) and objective (heart rate reactivity) measures of treatment outcome with psychophysiological changes during session (orienting response at beginning of stimulation, slope of HR) were computed.
Results: A significant reduction of trauma-related symptoms was noticed over the course of EMDR treatment: (IES one week pre: 61.2(SD 10.9), IES pre: 55.4(SD 19.0), IES post: 13.3(SD 12.2), F(2,27); 32.6, p < .001). Subjective distress during trauma script decreased significantly (SUD one week pre: 6.6(SD 1.4), SUD pre: 6.9(SD1.4), SUD post: 2.1(SD 1.7); F(2, 27); 31.5, p < .001). The statistical analysis of physiological variables is currently in process. Results will be presented at the conference.
Conclusions: The results of this study will allow further insights into the working mechanism of EMDR.
This study was co-sponsored by EMDREA and EMDRIA-Germany.
Keywords: Medical Treatment Outcome
Accuracy Verified: Yes
110. McFarlane, A. (2010, June). PTSD as an information processing disorder. Keynote presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Posttraumatic stress disorder is a challenging condition, as people become captured by their past experiences and have difficulty engaging with the present. At the core of this condition is the role of traumatic memories, which orientate the individual's awareness and reactivity to reminders of the instigating traumatic event. The role of traumatic events has not been fully understood and grappled with in the full range of psychopathological conditions. This has important implications for the application of EMDR as a treatment for disorders above and beyond posttraumatic stress disorder.
However, the problems with information processing in PTSD go above and beyond the fear circuitry and reactivity to traumatic memories. Individuals with PTSD also have major difficulties with their self-orientation, which is reflected in deficits in default networks, the idling systems of the brain. These changes are indicative of problems in self-registration and free-floating reflection. Dissociative symptoms may relate to these abnormalities of individuals resting states as they reflect a sense of disconnection and integration of internal states into consciousness.
Secondly, posttraumatic stress disorder is associated with major problems in dealing with neutral environmental information. This is reflected in the symptoms of difficulty with concentration and emotional numbing. The underlying neurobiology of the working memory abnormalities in posttraumatic stress disorder will be highlighted. These studies show that, in PTSD, relatively simple attentional tasks recruit neural networks normally reserved for more demanding and higher order tasks. When confronted with more demanding challenges, individuals with PTSD do not have any further capacity to allocate to processing complex environments.
Individuals with PTSD also demonstrate a problem with switching their attentional focus from an idling to active state. The data suggests that they continue to use visio-spatial networks more than language-based systems for dealing with verbal tasks. This observation is in keeping with a broad body of literature, which suggests that there are problems with the processing of verbal memory tasks in PTSD. EMDR, as a treatment, may have an advantage, as it is not so dependent on verbal representations of traumatic experiences as other treatment approaches.
Finally, an important development in the field is a better understanding of the patterns of abnormal cortical arousal that accompany the peripheral arousal abnormalities in PTSD. Quantitative EEG has given insights into the instability of the cortical neural networks. Neurotherapy represents a treatment that can further assist clinicians in the management of these patients. It is important to consider the underlying psychosomatic aspects of posttraumatic stress disorder and ensure that treatment addresses these components as well the traumatic memories. Treatment should be thought of as a staged process where the processing of traumatic memories is only one component of a disorder that impacts on a range of information processing domains.
Keywords: Information Processing Keynote Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
111. Farrell, D., & Keenan, P. (2010, July). A Q-Methodology evaluation of EMDR HAP facilitators training in Pakistan. Poster presented at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
In March 2007 an EMDR Europe HAP project, in conjunction with the University of Birmingham & Edge Hill University,
commenced in Northern Pakistan in the aftermath of the earthquake. Presently over 75 mental health workers have now
been trained in EMDR. In August 2009 six of these Pakistani mental health workers had successfully completed their EMDR
Facilitator training. As a means of evaluating their EMDR training a Q Methodology was utilised. Q methodology provides
a foundation for the systematic study of subjectivity, a person’s viewpoint, opinion, beliefs, and attitudes (Brown 1993). It is
an inverted form of factor analysis which then considers discourse patterns. Typically, in a Q methodological study people
are presented with a sample of statements about a topic called the Q-set. By Q sorting research participants give their
subjective meaning to the statements, and by doing so reveal their subjective viewpoint (Smith 2001) or personal profile
(Brouwer 1999). These individual rankings (or viewpoints) are then subjected to factor analysis to determine factor solution
and interpretation. Results highlighted important issues around the facilitators training experience, how cultural sensitivities
play an important part in the application of EMDR in Pakistan, and considered how EMDR trainings can be adapted and improved for the future.
Keywords: Facilitators Q-Methodology Evaluation Pakistan Poster
Accuracy Verified: Yes
112. Kowal, J. (2008, September). QEEG analysis of EMDR in the treatment of childhood trauma. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Phoenix, AZ.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
The presentation will examine the quantitative electroencephalogram (EEG) of patients with PTSD that reveals high amplitude low frequencies in the posterior region of the brain. These brain wave patterns also form abnormal amplitude asymmetries that are present prior to treatment. After EMDR treatment there is a marked improvement in the brain wave abnormalities. The presentation will explain the quantitative measurements obtained from digital analysis of quantitative EEGs and will compare the pre-treatment and post-treatment EEG analysis of PTSD patients. Analyzing the brain patterns of various psychological disorders reveals similarity in brain wave activity that interferes with memory.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
113. Mosquera, D., Gonzalez, A., & Seijo, N. (2010, April). Relational problems in severely traumatized patients. Presentation at the 2nd Bi-Annual International European Society for Trauma and Dissociation Conference, Belfast, Northern Ireland.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
A practical workshop focused on frequent clinical situations in therapy. Its main goal is help the participants to identify relational patterns based on reciprocal role procedures, in order to be able to overcome therapist-patient difficulties. A brief therapeutic exposure about different theoretical sources will be presented: Cognitive-Analytic Therapy, Adaptive Information Processing Model and EMDR, Theory of Structural Dissociation of the Personality, Attachment Theories, psychodynamic transference-countertransference conceptualizations, and therapies focused on relational issues (systemic family therapy, psychodramatic group therapy, etc) Vignettes of frequent reciprocal role procedures in therapeutic relationship with severely traumatized people will be presented, explained the different kinds of presentation. The linking of these vignettes with the traumatic history will be developed. Short video-cases will illustrate these situations and some interventions to overcome them. Modified EMDR interventions will be described and showed.
Learning Outcomes Therapeutic relationship problems are main issues in severely traumatized people. Different authors coming from different theoretical orientations have presented thoughtful approaches to these situations and how to overcome them. In this workshop we will review many of these contributions, but we will base our theoretical development on the concept of reciprocal role procedures from the Cognitive Analytic Therapy (Ryle). From this concept we will summarize frequent relationship problems in therapy, how we conceptualize them from the Adaptive Information Processing model from EMDR and how we work on these issues using EMDR methodology. An additional learning outcome of this workshop is that the participants will review their own experience with their patients through a specific evaluation, and will have the opportunity to share their experiences.
Keywords: Relationship Issues Trauma
Accuracy Verified: Yes
114. Largo-Marsh, L. K. (1996). The relationships among expectancy, hypnotizability, and treatment outcome associated with eye movement desensitization in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder. Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI. AAT 9636868.
Language: English
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract:
Two treatments: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) or structured writing sessions. A standardized diagnostic interview was used to screen subjects and provide diagnosis and symptom profile at intake and one-month follow-up. Standardized self-report measures were used to assess treatment outcomes. Repeated measures ANOVA revealed no significant differences between the two treatments. Both treatments were effective in significantly reducing post-traumatic symptoms at post-test and follow-up, although slightly different patterns were evident. EMDR subjects tended to evidence a larger reduction in symptoms immediately after treatment, while subjects assigned to the writing condition evidenced more gradual improvement, which continued between post-test and follow-up periods. Measures of subject expectations regarding treatment effectiveness revealed no statistical correlation to treatment outcome. Similarly, hypnotic susceptibility was found to be unrelated to the effectiveness of either treatment. [Author Abstract]
Keywords: Empirical Study Hypnotic Susceptibility Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Stressors Survivors Therapeutic Writing Treatment Effectiveness
Accuracy Verified: Yes
115. Nathanson, D., & Leeds, A. (1998, July). Reprocessing affect: A conversation on convergence in EMDR and affect theory. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Baltimore, MD.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Participants will: 1) gain an understanding of specific ways affect and script theory can help guide the clinical application of EMDR; 2) gain an understanding of how treatment responses to EMDR can deepen our understanding of the human affect system; 3) be challenged to consider ways in which EMDR can be used to help develop research validation for central elements of affect theory; and 4) gain an understanding of how affect theory provides a powerful way of understanding healthy and disturbed patterns in human attachment and how this perspective can guide EMDR treatment strategies in more complex case presentations.
Keywords: Affect Theory Script Theory
Accuracy Verified: Yes
116. Steele, A. (2001). The right side: Therapy from the right side of the brain: A role for EMDR with imaginal nurturing in the treatment of early neglect. Unpublished.
Language: English
Format: Other
Abstract: T
his paper proposes that early deficits in adult clients with insecure-attachment
patterns can be addressed directly through a therapeutic component of imaginal
nurturing with EMDR. These clients may exhibit little sense of self, low self-esteem, a
sense of alienation, poor affect tolerance, inability to regulate emotions, inability to
empathize, and impaired interpersonal relationships. Traditionally, the burden of the
client's attachment deficits is left to be resolved through the therapeutic relationship
itself. In this paper, a three-pronged approach to therapy is suggested: affect tolerance
and emotion regulation skills training, imaginal nurturing, and trauma reprocessing, all
within the context of a validating and caring therapeutic relationship. The focus of this
paper is imaginal nurturing, the goals of which include developing an attachment
between the adult, and infant and child selves to create a new relationship to self in the
present. Two forms of imaginal nurturing are presented: Core Imaginal Nurturing,
freestanding imaginal work in which the client experiences both providing and
receiving nurturance, and Adjunctive Imaginal Nurturing which is incorporated into
trauma reprocessing. A conceptual basis for this work is provided, and examples are
given showing its use, benefits, and problems that can arise.
Keywords: Imaginal Nurturing Neglect
Accuracy Verified: Yes
117. Fernandez, I., Gallinari, E., & Lorenzetti, A. (2004, Spring-Summer). A school-based EMDR intervention for children who witnessed the Pirelli Building airplane crash in Milan, Italy. Journal of Brief Therapy, 2(2), 129-136.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
This article describes a group intervention using a variant of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing called the butterfly hug. The treatment was provided to 236 children in an elementary school in Milan, Italy, after a small plane crashed into the Pirelli building, a skyscraper adjacent to the school, causing severe damage, fire, and loss of life. After this incident most of the children developed symptoms of PTSD, disrupting school function. A team of three psychologists, working with school teachers, provided this 90-minute intervention to each school class. The treatment reduced reported symptoms of distress during the treatment process, and appeared to result in changed patterns of observable behavior, which were maintained at 4-month follow-up. Given the dearth of research on post-disaster treatment and the limitations of this naturalistic evaluation, future rigorous study is suggested. [Author Abstract]
Keywords: Air Traffic Accidents Brief Psychotherapy Elementary School Students Italians Non-Randomized Study Pirelli Tower Airplane Crash (Milan, 2002) Recent Events School Age Children School Based Treatment Treatment Effectiveness Witnesses
Accuracy Verified: Yes
118. Astbury, J. (2006, December). Services for victim/ survivors of sexual assault - Identifying needs, interventions and provision of services in Australia. Issues, Australian Centre for the Study of Sexual Assault, 6, 1-26.
Language: English
Format: Publication
Abstract:
Firstly, the perceived needs of
victim/survivors are identified. Secondly, literature
on the existing interventions that are perceived to
address these needs, and data on their effectiveness
are reviewed. Currently, most of these interventions
are therapeutic or counselling interventions. Finally,
data on the services that currently provide these
interventions, with patterns of service usage, barriers
to using these services, and the characteristics of these
services that victim/survivors find particularly valuable
are identified. The paper will end by making some
recommendations for primary health care providers
working with victim/survivors of sexual assault.
The paper employs a gendered, health and human
rights perspective and an ‘ecological framework’
to inform the overall aim of investigating current
intervention programs for victim/survivors of sexual
assault. A multilevel ecological perspective informed
This paper begins to address this gap by providing a summary of the international
and national literature that exists on sexual assault services. The paper focuses by a gender and human rights perspective is considered
the most appropriate model for understanding
interpersonal violence including sexual violence
(Krug, Dahlberg, Mercy, Zwi, & Lozano, 2002). The
ecological framework recognises the multifaceted
nature of sexual violence and encourages exploration
of the relationship between individual and contextual
factors. Sexual violence is seen as the product of
multiple levels of influence on behaviour from the
level of the individual, to relationships, community
and society.
Keywords: Violence
Accuracy Verified: Yes
119. Kitchur, M. (2005). The strategic developmental model for EMDR. In R. Shapiro (Ed.), EMDR solutions: Pathways to healing (pp. 8-56). New York: W W Norton & Co.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
The strategic developmental model (SDM) for EMDR originated in Canada in 1996. It is a model that was born out of desperation in the face of the overwhelming treatment needs of severe- and multiple trauma victims, forensic clients, and short-term funded high-risk individuals. It is an efficient and comprehensive method for maximally delivering the benefits of EMDR to high-needs clients before their therapy might be prematurely interrupted by the realities of funding or of a multiproblem life. Such a method, I felt, would need to effectively facilitate rapid engagement and address or circumvent the fear, hostility, anxiety, and resistance that so often undermine or sabotage therapy with high-need and high-risk populations. Clinical experience also suggested the importance of having some systematic manner of assessing and treating the often multiple fundamental underlying causes of pathology and symptomatology in order to assist these high-risk and high-need clients to break the cycles and patterns that likely would repeat in their lives. I hypothesized that any process or strategies that might facilitate healing in these ways could also be anticipated to optimize therapeutic outcome for high-functioning clients and diverse client populations. [Text, p. 8] [Pilots]
Keywords: Patient History Hypnotherapy Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Stressors Survivors
Accuracy Verified: Yes
120. Wesselmann, D. (2006, September). Strengthening parent-child attachments with EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Philadelphia, PA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Although professionals and parents are often challenged by the provocative behaviors exhibited
by children who have a history of pathogenic care
and a diagnosis of reactive attachment disorder,
children who-have attachment issues related to
more subtle problems in parenting may be equally
challenging. Negative family patterns related to
poor attachments, once established, can create a
negative feedback loop that is extremely difficult
to change. EMDR offers a method for resolving trauma and loss and changing beliefs, feelings, and responses that may interfere with trust and
the development of affectional bonds. Workshop
participants will learn to identify significant
precursors to attachment problems for EMDR
reprocessing with parents and with children. They
will learn methods to engage parents to do their
own atttachement work and to change their
automatic negative responses to their child's
behaviors. Participants will learn methods of
bilateral stimulation to strengthen feelings of
closeness and connection between parents and
children prior to EMDR reprocessing, and
methods for effectively utilizing parents during
EMDR with children in the treatment of
attachment problems. Workshop participants will
also learn how storytelling can be integrated into
treatment as a method to help solidify new
cognitions and develop a positive sense of self.
Keywords: Attachment Storytelling
Accuracy Verified: Yes
121. Selvig, A., Rothbaum, B. O., Astin, A. M., & Jackson, J. (2004, November). Symptom change patterns during prolonged exposure to EMDR treatments for PTSD following sexual assault. Poster presented at the Annual Meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Behavior Therapy, New Orleans, LA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Keywords: Poster Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Prolonged Exposure PTSD Sexual Assaults Treatment
Accuracy Verified: Yes
122. Mosquera, D., González, A., & Vazquez, I. (2012, Enero ). Terapia EMDR (eye movement desensitization reprocessing) en el trastorno límite de personalidad: Reflexiones en torno a un caso de patología dual [EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing) in BPD personality: Reflections on a case of dual diagnosis]. Revista Espanola de Drogodependencias, 37(1), 82-95.
Language: Spanish
Format: Magazine
Abstract:
Los pacientes con trastorno límite de la personalidad y adicciones suponen un desafío
para los centros de atención específicos. Los pacientes con patología dual suelen presentar
dificultades en los programas orientados a la evitación del consumo. No solo
por sus frecuentes problemas interpersonales sino debido a que su problemática de
adicción no se ajusta al patrón prototípico de abuso o dependencia de sustancias.
La terapia Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR), orientada al tratamiento
de las experiencias desde las cuales se han desarrollado ambos trastornos, permite un
abordaje integral de ambos problemas. EMDR es una terapia que aborda las situaciones
relacionadas con trauma temprano y apego disfuncional, altamente prevalentes tanto
en el trastorno límite de personalidad como en las conductas adictivas.A través de un
caso clínico se ilustra un posible plan de tratamiento para trabajar la patología dual
desde EMDR.
Patients diagnosed with borderline personality and substance abuse disorders represent
a challenge for specific treatment centers.These patients tend to experience difficulties
in substance or alcohol abuse programs due to their frequent interpersonal problems
and their addiction patterns, which do not fit into a standard pattern of substance abuse
or dependence. Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy, oriented
toward the treatment of the experiences that originate both disorders, allows an integrated
approach of both problems. EMDR is a psychotherapy that addresses early trauma
and dysfunctional attachment experiences, which are highly prevalent both in BPD and
substance abuse disorders.We will illustrate a possible treatment plan from the EMDR
perspective through a case example.
Keywords: Alcohol Abuse Borderline Personaity Disorder BPD Dual Diagnosis
Accuracy Verified: Yes
123. Woller, W. (2010, July). Therapeutic relationship in the treatment of traumatized clients with personality disorders. Preconference presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Therapeutic relationship is often a major challenge in the treatment of traumatized clients with
comorbid personality disorders. Maladaptive interpersonal styles and negative transferences resulting
from attachment trauma can make a trauma-oriented therapy very difficult. However, an understanding
of personality disorders as a consequence of attachment trauma creates new therapeutic possibilities
for patients who are considered difficult to treat though urgently in need of therapy.
Given this background, the workshop aims at enhancing the participants’ capacity to manage problems
of therapeutic relationship in traumatized clients with personality disorder.
In the first part of the workshop, an overview on possible neurobiological causes of specific patterns of experiencing and
behavior in personality disorders will be given. Deficits in emotion regulation, mentalization function, and personality
integration, all of which have been identified as underlying dysfunctional and self-destructive behavioral patterns, can
be understood as consequences of attachment trauma. In the second part of the workshop, a phase-oriented treatment
conception will be presented which combines elements from resource-oriented trauma therapies with aspects of a
psychodynamic understanding of attachment relationships. In the framework of this concept, the notions of transference
and countertransference will be introduced to explain difficulties typically arising in the relationship with traumatized clients
with severe personality disorders. On the basis of case material, strategies will be presented to deal with recurrent problems
of therapeutic relationship.
Keywords: Interpersonal Relationship Personality Disorders
Accuracy Verified: Yes
124. Aarons, R. (2011, July). Therapy at lightning speed: Case studies of EMDR. Smashwords.
Language: English
Format: Book
Abstract:
Therapy at Lightning Speed offers an in-depth look at how EMDR,an exciting new therapy, helps clients transform their lives more rapidly than was ever thought possible. Using transcripts of actual therapy sessions, Therapy at Lightning Speed gives you a firsthand experience of how Dr. Rachel Aarons helps clients release destructive attitudes and behavior patterns to move forward in their lives.
Keywords: Case Studies
Accuracy Verified: Yes
125. Brandon, M., & Goldstein, A. T. (2007). Therapy update for women: The treatment of low libido in women using an integrated biopsychosocial approach. In A. F. Owens & M. S. Tepper (Eds.), Sexual health V. 4: State-of-the-art treatments and research (pp. 107-130). Westport, CT, US: Praeger Publishers/Greenwood Publishing Group.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
For men and women alike, libido represents a primary aspect of sexual health. In fact, low libido is the most frequently reported sexual concern among women. Women of all ages, ethnic backgrounds, and education levels report concerns about low desire. Regardless of whether a woman is actually diagnosed with hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD), if she seeks help for the subjective experience of a decreased libido, practitioners must embrace a theoretical framework for her care. In this chapter, we explore a holistic, integrative, biopsychosocial model for such treatment. We will outline first why we believe the traditional treatment model involving a sole practitioner providing the majority of patient care does not optimally serve patients with low libido. Second, we will review some of the benefits for both patients and clinicians of practicing within a biopsychosocial treatment paradigm. Third, we will describe our particular framework for treating low libido in women. This integrated biopsychosocial treatment model addresses four quadrants of a woman's experience; namely, her physical, emotional, intellectual, and spiritual health, as they relate to her libido. Finally, we find eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) to be a helpful therapeutic tool in these circumstances. EMDR utilizes repetitive eye movements to assist patients in exploring and processing difficult emotional material. It can be utilized for women with low libido in a variety of ways, including the exploration and redefinition of negative thinking patterns. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Biopsychosocial Approach Cognitive Techniques Female Sexual Dysfunction Holistic Health Inhibited Sexual Desire Low Libido Models Sex Drive Treatment Matching
Accuracy Verified: Yes
126. Peterson, B. (1996). Three co-researchers' experiences during their first session of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Language: English
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR; Shapiro, 1989a, 1989b, 1995) is a relatively new procedure used primarily for treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study is the first to systematically investigate the moment-to moment experiences of PTSD victims during their first treatment session. Using variations of Interpersonal Process Recall (Elliot, 1994), and Colaizzi's (1978) phenomenological research methodology, findings confirmed many of Shapiro's (1995) descriptions of experience, with nothing of a disconfirming nature being discovered. Three distinct patterns of co-researcher experience were identified, with one co-researcher reaching full in-session resolution of her baseline measures. Further, three broad categories of experience were discovered (Participant Experiences and Spectator Experiences [Cochran, 1990]; and Treatment Specific Effects); each of which was further found to consist of four dimensions, or components, of experience. Movement from the Participant to Spectator realm was consonant with co-researchers' working through, contextualizing and making meaning of trauma-related memories.
Keywords: Case Study
Accuracy Verified: Yes
127. Gonzalez, A., & Mosquera, D. (2012). Trabajo con patrones de autocuidado: Un procedimiento estructurado para la terapia EMDR [Working with self-care patterns: A structured procedure for EMDR therapy] . Revista Iberoamericana de Psicotraumatología y Disociación, 4(2), [11 pages].
Language: Spanish
Format: Other
Abstract:
El concepto de autocuidado ha sido desarrollado por Gonzalez y Mosquera (Mosquera, 2004; González 2007; Mosquera & Gonzalez, 2011; Gonzalez & Mosquera, 2012) para describir el modo en el que un individuo se cuida a sí mismo en distintas áreas funcionales. Este artículo presenta un procedimiento estructurado para trabajar con patrones de autocuidado como parte de la fase de preparación en terapia EMDR. Diseñado inicialmente para trabajar con trauma complejo y disociación, puede ser empleado en diferentes problemas clínicos. Este protocolo debe ser usado únicamente por terapeutas EMDR acreditados, ya que requiere un sólido conocimiento del trabajo con EMDR.
Self-care is a concept developed by Gonzalez and Mosquera (Mosquera, 2004; González 2007; Mosquera & Gonzalez, 2011; Gonzalez & Mosquera, 2012) to describe the way in that an individual takes care of her or himself in different areas of functioning. This article presents a structured procedure for working with self-care patterns as part of the preparation phase in EMDR therapy. Initially designed for working with complex trauma and dissociation, it can be used in different clinical problems. This protocol should be only used by accredited EMDR therapists, since it requires a solid knowledge on EMDR.
Keywords: Self-Care
Accuracy Verified: Yes
128. Luber, M. (1992, Winter). Trauma/abuse memories with a client diagnosed with MPD. EMDR Network Newsletter, 2(3), 6-8.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract:
Dissociation is the result of overwhelming trauma. The major feature of patients with Dissociative Disorders is a disturbance or alteration in the normally integrative functions of identity, memory, or consciousness (American Psychiatric Association, 1987). “The task of psychotherapy is to re-associate disrupted memory patterns, to restore a continuity of consciousness, and to assimilate the patient’s identity into a unified whole” (Steele, 1988, p. 151).
Keywords: Abuse Memories MPD Multiple Personality Disorder
Accuracy Verified: Yes
129. Loibl, B. (2009). Traumatherapeutische elemente in der akutphase - Der ansatz des eye movement dezensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)...[Trauma therapeutic elements in the acute phase - The approach of the eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)...] . In B. Loibl, Psychische Traumatisierungsprozesse beim Grundschulkind nach Elternsuizid: Ursachen, Warnsignale, Akutmassnahmen [Mental traumatisation the primary school child to parent suicide: causes, warning signs, acute measures,] (pp. 70-78), Protestant University of Applied Sciences Dresden, GRIN Verlag für Akademische Texte, 129 p. ISBN (eBook): 978-3-640-30050-1, ISBN (Book): 978-3-640-30533-9, DOI:10.3239/9783640300501.
Language: German
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
In der vorliegenden Arbeit geht es im Nähren um die Darstellung dreier Sachverhalte. Zum einen soll das elternbezogenen Bindungsgefüge beleuchtet werden, welches konstitutiv einen Einfluss auf die gesunde biopsychosoziale Entwicklung eines Kindes nimmt. Die irreversible Auflösung dieser fundamentalen Beziehung beansprucht weiterhin die Erörterung des kindlichen Verlusterlebens und des daraus resultierenden physischen, psychischen und sozialen Gefährdungspotenzials. Dahingehend wird besonders eine Betrachtung hinsichtlich der emotionalen Schemata des Trauerns relevant sowie gegenüber den damit korrespondierenten Phänomen der psychischen Traumatisierung. Letztlich wird es von Bedeutung sein, Hilfeinterventionen zu beleuchten, die einer Gefährdung des Kindes entgegenwirken. Da meine berufliche Handlungsfähigkeit im Arbeitsfeld der Notfallversorgung verankert ist, möchte ich diesbezüglich nach der Möglichkeit von Sofortmassnahmen suchen, die unmittelbar nach dem Verlusterlebnis eingeleitet werden können. Hinsichtlich dieser Betrachtungsweise lassen sich zwei thematische Fragestellungen formulieren. (1) Welche Relevanz übt eine Eltern-Kind-Beziehung auf die kindliche Entwicklung aus und inwieweit leitet ihre Auflösung, im Kontext eines Eltersuizides, eine mögliche trauma-basierende, psychopathologische Störung des Kindes ein? (2) Welche Massnahmen der kindlichen Akutbetreuung lassen einen adäquaten Beitrag zur kognitiven und emotionalen Rehabilitierung des Kindes versprechen?
In the present work is in nurturing the image of three issues. On the one hand, the parents moved into bond structures are illuminated, which constitutively takes a biopsychosocial influence on the healthy development of a child. The irreversible resolution of this fundamental relationship claims continue to discuss the child's loss experience and the resulting physical, mental and social potential hazard. To that effect, is a consideration particularly with regard to the emotional patterns of mourning and relevant in relation to the phenomenon of psychological trauma that korrespondierenten. Ultimately, it will be important to shed light on using interventions to counter the threat of the child. Since my professional capacity is rooted in the working field of emergency care, I would look in this regard to the possibility of immediate measures that can be initiated immediately after the loss experience. Regarding this approach can be formulated in two thematic issues. (1) What relevance exerts a parent-child relationship on child development and how far forward its resolution in a context of parental suicide, a possible trauma-based, psycho-pathological disorder of the child? (2) What measures of children's emergency care can be an adequate contribution to cognitive and emotional rehabilitation of the child's promise?
Accuracy Verified: Yes
130. Gomez, A. (2009, August). Treating children with persuasive emotion dysregulation using EMDR and adjunctive approaches. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Atlanta, GA .
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
This presentation will provide theoretical and practical step-by-step strategies to assist clinicians working with children with severe dysregulation of the affective system, such as children exhibiting insecure patterns of attachment, complex PTSD and dissociation. Clinicians will learn key elements to develop case conceptualization skills and treatment plans based on the Adaptive Information Processing Model (AIP). How to use EMDR with adjunct approaches and strategies, such as ego-state therapy and somatic intervention, with children will be addressed. Strategies directed to titrate amount of trauma and keep children manageable and tolerable levels of activation to facilitate reprocessing will be demonstrated.
Keywords: Children Dysregulation Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
131. Gomez, A. (2010, September/October). Treating children with pervasive emotion dysregulation EMDR and adjunctive approaches. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR International Association, Minneapolis, MN.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
This presentation will provide theoretical and practical step-by-step strategies to assist clinicians working with children with severe dysregulation of the affective system such as: children exhibiting insecure patterns of attachment, complex trauma and dissociation. A broader perspective is presented by integrating concepts from the AIP model, attachment theory, affect regulation theory, and interpersonal neurobiology. An overview of how to incorporate other approaches such as play therapy, ego state therapy, theraplay activities and somatic intervention, while maintaining adherence to the protocol, will be addressed. How to use interweaves that can help complete defensive responses, repair the attachment system and integrate dissociated material will be presented.
Keywords: Children Adjunctive Approaches Pervasive Emotion Dysregulation
Accuracy Verified: Yes
132. de Jongh, A. (2006, June). Treatment of anxiety and phobias with EMDR: Rapid conceptualization: Effective procedures and proposals for changes of the protocol. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Istanbul, Turkey.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Fears and phobias associated with EMDR situations where a single event for the well-structured, and short-term treatment is not compelling. Exposure in vivo EMDR'ın cognitive behavioral interventions, such as advantages, the fear-inspiring re-creation of the situation, situation (eg, sexuality, illness or death-related moments, situations) or phobic stimuli (eg, aircraft, mouse, snake) real life should be revived. However, inspiring fear and phobia on the basis of the number of lives to be in that situation, the phobic anxiety reactions to certain situations people may continue to give. Therefore EMDR'la fear and / or while working with phobias, anxiety-fear may danışanalr work preparing for the future status should not be terminated. This adaptive coping mechanisms to obtain, provide relief to improve the mental strategies in the future will need to be placed in a behavioral patterns and behavioral experiments can be done. EMDR'ın with fear and phobia clinical applications focusing on this at the end of the study group participants: 1) consult those who fear, avoidance of situations of mold assessment, 2) in terms of EMDR cases quickly formulated, 3) for those who need counseling EMDR protocol creative format can be adapted, and 4 ) EMDR intervention for their general treatment approach (cognitive-behavioral) to integrate aims to provide skills to develop.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
133. de Jongh, A. (2010; June). Treatment of fears and phobias with EMDR: Assessment, conceptualization and effective treatment strategies. Preconference presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Specific phobias are more prevalent than any other group of psychiatric disorders. Given that specific phobias and PTSD share a number of important features, and that a wide array of controlled studies support EMDR's effectiveness with treatment for unprocessed events and related conditions, EMDR has also been claimed to be an effective treatment for specific fears and phobias.
This workshop focuses on EMDR as a treatment approach for a wide variety of fears and phobias. Participants will learn how: 1) to assess clients with patterns of fearful avoidance, 2) to rapidly conceptualize cases in terms of EMDR, 3) to adequately identify core targets and cognitions, 4) to use creative adaptations of the EMDR protocol for difficult clients, and 5) to integrate EMDR interventions into a general treatment approach. Many of these approaches will be illustrated by segments of video taped treatment sessions.
Keywords: Fear Phobias Treatment Strategies
Accuracy Verified: Yes
134. Nijdam, M., Pol, M. V. D., Dekens, R., Olff, M., & Denys, D. (2013). Treatment of sexual trauma dissolves contamination fear. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 3(0). doi:10.3402/ejpt.v4i0.19157.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Background: In patients with co-morbid obsessive−compulsive disorder (OCD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), repetitive behavior patterns, rituals, and compulsions may ward off anxiety and often function as a coping strategy to control reminders of traumatic events. Therefore, addressing the traumatic event may be crucial for successful treatment of these symptoms.
Objective: In this case report, we describe a patient with comorbid OCD and PTSD who underwent pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy.
Methods: Case Report. A 49-year-old Dutch man was treated for severe PTSD and moderately severe OCD resulting from anal rape in his youth by an unknown adult man.
Results: The patient was treated with paroxetine (60 mg), followed by nine psychotherapy sessions in which eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) and exposure and response prevention (ERP) techniques were applied. During psychotherapy, remission of the PTSD symptoms preceded remission of the OCD symptoms.
Conclusions: This study supports the idea of a functional connection between PTSD and OCD. Successfully processing the trauma results in diminished anxiety associated with trauma reminders and subsequently decreases the need for obsessive−compulsive symptoms.
Keywords: Combined Treatment Comorbidity Obsessive Compulsive Disorder OCD Pharmacological Treatment Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapy PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
135. Barbieri, J. L. (2008, April). The URGES approach: Urge reduction by growing ego strength (URGES) for trauma/addiction treatment using alternate bilateral stimulation, hypnotherapy, ego state therapy and energy psychology. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 15(2), 116-138. doi:10.1080/10720160802035584.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
The URGES approach is a theory and protocol to treat trauma and addiction simultaneously. It combines hypnotherapy, ego state work, alternate bilateral stimulation, and energy psychology.It was developed to meet the need to address trauma without disturbing mainstream addiction treatment. Based on the premise that trauma and addiction are co-relational, this method uses ego state images including an Addict ego state that hypothetically reflect brain chemistry dynamics and changes.URGES is a combination method that incorporates basic concepts from hypnotherapy, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, ego state therapy and several energy psychology techniques.Orchestrated ego state conflicts hypothetically exercise the brain.Ego state patterns are emerging from URGES that indicate a degree of predictability in assessing patient's internal response to treatment.The main focus of this approach is using the addictive urge to locate and process underlying trauma.
Keywords: Addiction Bilateral Stimulation BLS Ego State Therapy Energy Psychology Hynotherapy Trauma Treatment URGES Approach
Accuracy Verified: Yes
136. Klaus, P. (2005, June). The use of EMDR in medical and somatic problems. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Brussels, Belgium.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Clients facing medical or somatic conditions may present for psychotherapy
with fears about the illness, anxiety about treatment, trepidation about the
medical system. and concern about their ability to heal. Many clients suffer
from chronic conditions, which undermine their lives, leaving them feeling less functional than desired. Some conditions may be the result of
somatization due to childhood trauma, chronic stress, long-term
interpersonal problems, or maladaptive patterns established early in life.
Therapy includes several levels of investigation. including current and past
symptom and psychosocial history. Clinicians will learn about a multilayered
approach for assessment and developing targets for EMDR processing.
Keywords: Medical Problems Somatic Problems
Accuracy Verified: Yes
137. Klaus, P. (2007, June). The use of EMDR in medical and somatic problems. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Clients facing medical problems or experiencing somatic conditions may present for psychotherapy with a variety of concerns which include: distress or fears about the illness or condition itself (e.g., cancer, anxiety about various aspects of the treatment they need to undergo, surgery, etc., and some trepidation and genitive experiences from their interaction with the medical system or medical personnel, causing secondary trauma, Clients may also be concerned about the strength or weakness of their own bodies to heal immune system, mind/body potential). Many clients suffer from chronic conditions, which occur in either acute or chronic episodes and undermine their lives, leaving them feeling debilitated and less functional than desired (i.e., asthsma, migraine, bowel problems, ulcerative colitis, Cohn’s disease, PMS, insomnia). Some aspects of illness may be the result of somatization due to childhood trauma, secondary gain (a defense against strong feelings), unconscious need to mask strong negative affect; dissociative disorders of co aversion reactions; as well as acute or chronic stress. Some chronic symptoms may be due to long-term interpersonal problems. Clients may be suffering from maladaptive patterns established during infancy or childhood creating pervasive dysfunction in one’s sense of self, one’s relationships, or in one’s life function. Psychosomatic conditions may result.
History taking includes several levels of investigation, including current and past psychosocial and symptom history, looking for premorbid or comorbid conditions, and helping clients uncover related trauma as well as unrecognized strengths. Since a number of somatic and medical problems often have their origins in more obscure beginnings, this method helps reveal a deeper and more comprehensive history taking and decision-making process to help the clinician choose the level of complexity to use in the face of a client’s physical or emotional distress. This process may enable the clinician to help the client more quickly gain access to underlying factors which may block healing. Along with a clearer picture of the condition, integrating a variety of healing mechanisms with EMDR provides an individualized approach to activate the client’s own potential to heal.
Keywords: Health Problems Medical Problems Somatic Problems
Accuracy Verified: Yes
138. Klaus, P. (2008, June). The use of EMDR in somatic & medical problems: Special emphasis on early life interventions. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Clients facing medical problems or experiencing somatic conditions present for psychotherapy with a variety of
concerns which include: distress or fears about the illness or condition itself i.e., cancer, anxiety about various
aspects of the treatment they need to undergo, surgery, etc., and some have trepidation and negative
experiences from their interaction with the medical system or medical personnel, causing secondary trauma.
Clients may also be concerned about the strength or weakness of their own bodies to heal (immune system,
mind/body potential). Many clients suffer from chronic conditions, which occur in either acute or chronic
episodes and undermine their lives, leaving them feeling debilitated and less functional than desired (i.e.,
asthma, migraine, bowel problems, ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, PMS, insomnia). Some aspects of illness
may be the result of somatisation due to childhood trauma, secondary gain (a defence against strong feelings),
unconscious need to mask strong negative affect; dissociative disorders or conversion reactions; as well as acute
or chronic stress. Some chronic symptoms may be due to long-term interpersonal problems. Clients may be
suffering from maladaptive patterns established during infancy or childhood creating pervasive dysfunction in
one’s sense of self, one’s relationships, or in one’s life function. Psychosomatic conditions my result. History
taking includes several levels of investigation, including current and past psychosocial and symptom history,
looking for pre-morbid or co-morbid conditions, and helping clients uncover related traumas as well as unrecognized strengths. Clinicians will learn a special multi-layered approach for assessment and developing
targets for EMDR processing.
Keywords: Early Life Interventions Medical Problems Somatic Problems
Accuracy Verified: Yes
139. Protinsky, H., Sparks, J., & Flemke, K. (2001, April). Using eye movement desensitization and reprocessing to enhance treatment of couples. Journal of Marital & Family Therapy, 27(2), 157-164. doi:10.1111/j.1752-0606.2001.tb01153.x.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) as a clinical technique may enhance treatment effectiveness when applied within a couple therapy approach that is emotionally and experientially oriented. Clinical experience indicates that EMDR-based interventions are useful for accessing, activating, tolerating, and reprocessing the intense emotions that often fuel dysfunctional couple interactions. Using EMDR within conjoint sessions to reprocess negative emotions can amplify intimacy, increase connection, and subsequently lead to a change in problematic relationship patterns.
Keywords: Couples Therapy Clinical Case Study Empirical Study Spouses
Accuracy Verified: Yes
140. Goldwasser, N. (2005, September). Utilizing EMDR to heal undesired sexual attractions and to help actualize sexual potential. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Seattle, WA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
The utilization of EMDR will be discussed within the context of a multi-modal treatment paradigm to treat unwanted sexual attractions and to help to actualize sexual potential in an individual desiring to alter their sexual arousal patterns. Specifically, focus will be place on the ways in which childhood and adolescent traumas can derail psychosexual development and contribute to the development of these attractions. Applications of standard EMDR protocols to this treatment paradigm will be described, in terms of healing the traumas that may have contributed to the developmental of undesired sexual attractions. Furthermore, speicifc EMDR components that can enhance the actualization of sexual potential will be identified and discussed. Specific focus will be placed on parameters of utilizing this paradigm, ensuring that all treatment goals are client-driven and not reflecting the values of the therapist, and ensuring that all APA Ethical Guidelines are carefully considered.
Keywords: Sexual Potential
Accuracy Verified: Yes
141. Anderson, C. (1996, June). Visualization for survivors of molest. EMDRIA Newsletter, 1(1), 12.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract:
In my work with survivors, I have been noticing some interesting patterns developing in those who make particularly rapid progress.
Keywords: Sexual Abuse Survivors Molestation Visualization
Accuracy Verified: Yes
142. Spierings, J. (2011, juni). Werken met EMDR bij (gecompliceerde) rouw [Working with EMDR in (complicated) grief] . Presentatie op de vijfde Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Nijmegen in het Kolpinghuis, The Netherlands .
Language: Dutch
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Doel: In deze workshop wordt de deelnemer vertrouwd gemaakt met de psychodynamiek van (gecompliceerde) rouw, en het gebruik van EMDR bij de behandeling van allerlei verschillende patronen van vastgelopen rouw.
Naast theorie bevat de workshop verhalen, casusmateriaal, en volop ideeën voor interventies en interweaves.
Voor ieder van de verschillende vormen van gecompliceerde rouw worden specifieke behandelplannen besproken: wat is de essentie van de problematiek, wat moet er gebeuren en in welke volgorde?
Naast EMDR komen ook andere behandeltechnieken aan bod, zoals rituelen, Gestalt, metaforen, schrijfopdrachten, spirituele interventies; de deelnemer leert tevens hoe deze technieken te integreren zijn binnen EMDR. De cursus heeft een uitgesproken praktisch karakter: de deelnemer krijgt onmiddellijk toepasbare handvaten, interventies, en tips aangereikt.
Purpose: In this workshop, the participant familiar with the psychodynamics of (complicated) grief, and the use of EMDR in the treatment of many different patterns of frozen grief.
Besides the workshop includes theory stories, case material, and plenty of ideas for interventions and interweaves.
For each of the various forms of complicated grief are specific treatment plans discussed: what is the essence of the problem, what to do and in what order?
EMDR in addition, other treatment techniques are discussed, such as rituals, Gestalt, metaphors, writing, spiritual interventions, participants will also learn how to integrate these techniques in EMDR. The course has a distinctly practical nature: the participant is immediately applicable handles, interventions, and tips suggested.
Keywords: Complicated Grief
Accuracy Verified: Yes
143. Yoeli, F. R., & Prattos, T. (2007, June). When all you have is 90 minutes: A systemic approach to EMDR case conceptualization in times of stress following crisis. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
When all you have is 90 minutes with the hysterical and/or traumatized client in times of crisis, efficient planning and conceptualization of EMDR casework is essential.
Using EMD(R) as a means of reducing immediate exacerbated stress is effectively enhanced with a genogram format that is brief, and specifically focuses on learned generational reactions to trauma. By tapping into the trans-generational information the processing in crises is facilitated and enhanced.
This suggested case conceptualization and genogram format quickly highlights inherited strengths and resources which is the client’s historical legacy. The client gains perspective recognizes that survival and overcoming the crisis is possible and acquires insight into valuable resources.
Following a crisis, when EMDR therapist and client first meet, the 1st stage is the retelling of the event.
After the story has been told, the EMDR therapist begins to gather historical family information. This has the effect of moving the client one tiny step away from crisis and calming the individual sufficiently for the therapist to begin to assess resources, and potential resources within the family system,
Additionally, the EMDR therapist finds resources for more meaningful and relevant cognitive interweaves while at the same item protecting himself from vicarious traumatization, compassion fatigue, and burn out. The suggested case conceptualization and multi-generational genogram use, uncovers inherited small t and large T trauma material and anxieties as well as leaned dysfunctional behavior patterns which are compounded over time, and which become a source of exacerbated present crisis reactions.
Once identified and recognized this accesses information enables a deeper and faster healing experience for the client.
The therapist recognizes potential pitfalls which may appear during the desensitization of the current crisis and is better prepared to formulate efficient cognitive interweaves as needs, for the current crisis resolution, without going in the reprocessing of the old trauma. This process fine tunes and fine lines the standard protocol for the EMDR session used in crisis interventions.
This format is adaptable and equally useful in standard consulting room sessions with clients for more effective case conceptualization for EMDR sessions. This multigenerational systemic approach enhances attunement, therapeutic clarity and the well being of the individual. It produces insight, recognizes resources and inner strengths and learned behavior patterns quickly
Case examples and a practicum will teach and enable participants to learn and assess for themselves how this multi-generational genogram approach unveils historical characteristics and learned behavior patterns. This systemic approach leads to enhance EMDR case conceptualization, enabling better formulation and accuracy of EMDR protocol components such as the NC and PC to attain more effective processing.
Keywords: Crisis Early Intervention
Accuracy Verified: Yes
144. Yoeli, F. R., & Prattos-Spongalides, T. A. (2006, June). When all you have is 90 minutes: A systemic approach to EMDR case conceptualization in times of stress and/or following crisis. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Istanbul, Turkey.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
In crisis situations, hysterical and / or consultation with those working were traumatized, you have only 90 minutes and effectively EMDR should enhance the planning and conceptual. As a learned response to trauma Kuşaksal given to remove a short focused genogram format using EMDR / R will receive severe stress can increase the effectiveness in reducing. This is the case in the study group recommended the use of genogram format and now also the origin of the reaction can be, as concerns of hereditary small t traumas are revealed to the process, advice from the deeper and faster healing is to live. Case examples of different crisis situations (natural disasters, tsunami, a terrorist incident in Israel after a Greek and dysfunctional family) were taken and learned from family members kuşaksal genogram how to influence behavior patterns has been shown to occur. This systemic approach, an improved formulation suggests EMDR cases. This formulation, NC and the PC more effectively as components of EMDR are provided in the determination.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
145. Wildwind, L. (1995, June). When something is wrong with me--EMDR and ADHD. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
The objectives of this presentation are to define ADHD in the various ways it presents adults, using EMDR cognitions and
observations of clients as clues; then, to clarify why and EMDR works differently before, during, and after diagnosis,
The presenter will provide background on the biological differences of those with the disorder, some thoughts on why this diagnosis
is becoming so frequent at this time and why therapists who use EMDR may be more likely to have the disorder and to see it in their
clients.
During the workshop participants will explore their own attitudes toward ADHD and learn about how these attitudes influence their
ability to identify and assess ADHD symptoms in clients. Values, judgments and common myths about ADHD will be briefly
discussed.
Specific suggestions about modifying treatment when ADHD is suspected, suggested as a possible diagnosis to the client, and
treated will be given, including a list of modified positive cognitions. Treatment planning ideas for clients with a variety of
concurrent diagnoses will be offered, with special attention to the problems of resistance to the diagnosis, the medications use for
treatment, and the process of adapting patterns to solve specific problems, using a specific example a group treatment planning
exercise will be conducted. The actual treatment history of the case will be given clarifying how the treatment goals were reached.
There will he time for participants to formulate negative and positive cognitions regarding their attitudes toward ADHD clients and
the use of appropriate medications, and to assess the strength those attitudes, SUDS scales will be used.
Participants will have an opportunity to ask questions and will obtain a bibliography, a client questionnaire, a list of modified
cognitions, and a summary of resources for medical treatment, education and social support.
Keywords: ADHD Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder
Accuracy Verified: Yes
146. Scaer, R. (1999, February). Whiplash, pain and PTSD: The gain in pain comes mainly from the brain. Presentation at the Winter Brain Meeting, Palm Springs, CA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
The whiplash syndrome is a complex, poorly understood and controversial cluster of symptoms including spinal pain, cognitive dysfunction, neurologic symptoms and emotional complaints consistent with posttraumatic stress disorder. Perhaps its most perplexing feature is the fact that symptoms frequently are far out of proportion to the severity of the accident itself. The frequency of emotional symptoms has led many physicians to attribute symptoms of whiplash to somatization. The typical syndrome of whiplash includes chronic headaches, spinal and jaw pain, usually classified as myofascial pain. Neurologic symptoms include cognitive dysfunction, positional vertigo, balance disturbance, blurring of vision, photophobia and phonophobia, all of which are attributed to minor traumatic brain injury. Emotional complaints include driving phobias, irritability, hypervigilence, exaggerated startle, flashbacks, depression, nightmares and sleep disturbance. DSM IV compatible or subsyndromal forms of PTSD occur in up to 60% of patients.
I began to question the traumatic basis for whiplash when I discovered that most of my patients with delayed recovery had remarkable past histories of trauma, especially child abuse. I discovered that early and rigorous use of somatically based trauma therapies, especially EMDR and Somatic Experiencing resulted in clearing not only of emotional symptoms, but also neurologic and pain-related complaints in many cases. I have concluded that the neurophysiological basis for traumatization includes not only kindled arousal, explicit and procedural memory circuits, but also automatic patterns of neuromuscular bracing, stored in procedural memory analogous to motor skill memory. Bracing patterns of involved muscles represent protective motor reflexes from the moment of injury. Linked to memory and arousal, this kindled circuit leads to perpetuation of regional myofascial pain. Dissociation plays a major role in perpetuation of this phenomenon, and accounts for many of the unusual neurologic symptoms of whiplash.
This model conforms to current theories of PTSD as a model of kindling, but includes the somatic element that I believe is a universal part of the syndrome of traumatization. The pervasive neurohormonal effects of trauma account for the remarkable amount of somatic complaints in this syndrome, and may be the basis for many poorly understood chronic idiopathic disease processes. Incorporation of the neuromuscular system in the process of traumatization pleads for the study of somatically-based therapies for PTSD.
Keywords: Pain Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PSTD Whiplash
Accuracy Verified: Yes
147. Maxfield, J. L. (2003). A working memory analysis of the dual attention component of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario Canada. AAT NQ85018.
Language: English
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract:
This dissertation applied the concepts and predictions of working memory theory to a psychotherapeutic approach, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). The overview of EMDR included a description of the treatment, theoretical model, empirical studies, and possible mechanisms of action. The overview of working memory included a summary of concepts and theories, and a comprehensive research review. Seven studies that investigated the related effects of eye movements (EMs) were described in detail. Two experiments were conducted to test predictions from working memory research about the effect of EMs on autobiographical memory. In both Experiments, participants identified 3 negative memories and focused on each for 2 minutes, while simultaneously engaging in 1 of 3 divided attention (DA) conditions: an easy EM task (Slow-EM), a difficult EM task (Fast-EM), and a task with no EM (Control). Measures were pre-post ratings of memory-related image vividness, thought clarity, and emotional intensity. In Experiment 2, participants were also randomly assigned to a focus on image-only or image-thought. Memory recall during Control resulted in significant post-condition increases in all measures, except emotional intensity in Experiment 1. Compared to Control, recall during both Slow-EM and Fast-EM produced significantly smaller scores for image vividness and thought clarity, and, in Experiment 2, for emotional intensity. At post-condition, Fast-EM resulted in significantly lower scores than Slow-EM for image vividness in both Experiments and emotional intensity in Experiment 2. There were no differences in outcomes between focus on image-only and on image-thought. Findings of the current experiments supported a working memory explanation for the effects on visual and thought clarity. The competition of resources during simultaneous EM and memory recall reduced memory quality. The greater degradation of memory components resulting from the more difficult condition, Fast-EM, may be attributed to demands made on visuospatial sketchpad resources. The components of each memory appeared to be linked and to show similar patterns of change, within conditions. Reported levels of pre-task emotional intensity did not predict change in thought clarity and image vividness. Finally, a theoretical application of working memory theory to EMDR was presented and recommendations were made for future research. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)
Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 64(10-B), 2004, pp. 5225.
Keywords: Attention Dual Attention Component Empirical Study Eye Movements Short-Term Memory Working Memory
Accuracy Verified: Yes
148. Gattinara, P. C. (2009). Working with EMDR in chronic incapacitating diseases: The experience of a neuromuscular diseases center. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 3(3), 169-177. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.3.3.169.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
This article examines the use of EMDR in a rehabilitation center to deal with traumatic experiences associated with serious incapacitating disease. Through clinical examples, the author describes the utility and function of EMDR treatment in helping both patients and their families overcome the frightening events related to the worsening of the illness and in helping them cope with feelings of loss and separation. The usefulness of attachment theory for a better comprehension of the dysfunctional interpersonal patterns that can arise between family members is discussed. In addition, the importance of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is explored in helping to facilitate secure attachment relationships between patients and their caregivers, allowing the families to grow closer and more supportive. EMDR appears to offer specific advantages in treating this especially difficult population, affording patients who live with a chronic condition of extreme physical vulnerability a sense of greater control over their own bodies and therefore over their own lives.
Keywords: Attachment Neuromuscular Pathologies Respiratory Crisis Traumatic Events
Accuracy Verified: Yes
149. Lytton, B. J. (2003, May). “Unpacking” Attachment patterns to select therapeutic interventions from affective and/or cognitive-behavioral approaches. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Rome, Italy.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Keywords: Attachement Patterns CBT Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Poster
Accuracy Verified: Yes