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1. Sandstrom, M., Wiberg, B., Wikman, M., Willman, A. K., & Hogberg, U. (2008, March). A pilot study of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing treatment (EMDR) for post-traumatic stress after childbirth. Midwifery, 24(1), 62–73. doi:10.1016/j.midw.2006.07.008.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Objective: To explore the possibility of using eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) to treat women who have experienced post-traumatic stress after childbirth. Design: The pilot study consisted of a "before and after" treatment design combined with follow-up measurements 1-3 years after EMDR treatment. Quantitative data from questionnaires (Traumatic Event Scale [TES]) were collected. In addition, qualitative data from individual interviews with the participants were collected as well as data from the psychotherapist's treatment notes of the EMDR treatment sessions. Setting: The north of Sweden. Participants: 4 women with PTSD after childbirth (1 pregnant and 3 non-pregnant). Findings: All participants reported reduction of post-traumatic stress after treatment. After 1-3 years, the beneficial effects of EMDR treatment remained for 3 of the 4 women. Symptoms of intrusive thoughts and avoidance seemed most sensitive for treatment. Implications for Practice: EMDR might be a useful tool in the treatment of non-pregnant women severely traumatised by childbirth; however, further research is required. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults  Childbirth  Females  Longitudinal Study  Posttraumatic Stress Disorder  PTSD  Survivors  Swedes  Treatment Effectiveness  

Accuracy Verified: Yes

2. Hogberg, G., Pagani, M., Sundin, Ö., Soares, J., Aberg-Wistedt, A., Tarnell, B., & Hallström, T. (2008, May). Treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Outcome is stable in 35-month follow-up. Psychiatry Research, 159(1-2), 101-108. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2007.10.019.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
PTSD is an anxiety disorder that may follow major psychological trauma. The disorder is longstanding, even chronic, and there is a need for effective treatment. The most effective short-term treatments are cognitive behavioural therapy and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). 20 subjects with chronic PTSD following occupational health hazards from "person under train" accidents or assault at work were treated with five sessions of EMDR. They were assessed with psychometric scales and diagnostic interviews before treatment, directly after treatment, at 8 months, and at 35 months after the end of Therapy. The primary outcome variable was full diagnosis of PTSD according to the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. Results from interview-based and self-evaluation psychometric scales were used as secondary outcome variables. Immediately following treatment, the patients were divided up into two groups, initial remitters (12 of 20) and non-remitters (8 of 20). There were no drop-outs during therapy, but 3 patients withdrew during follow-up. The initial result was maintained at the 35-month follow-up. The secondary outcome variables also showed a significant immediate change towards normality that was stable during the long-term follow-up. After 3 years of follow-up, 83% of the initial remitters had full working capacity. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Accidents  Adults  Assault  Conditioning  Follow-up Study  Longitudinal Study  Occupational Health  Posttraumatic Stress Disorder  Psychotherapy  PTSD  Railroad Accidents  Swedes  Transport Workers  Treatment Effectiveness  

Accuracy Verified: Yes