Francine Shapiro Library ~ EMDR Bibliography

Francine Shapiro Library - EMDR Bibliography Links

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1. Ouellette, D. W. (2007, September-October). "Getting the war out:" New paradigms for healing post-traumatic stress. Natural Life News & Directory.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
EMDR is a psychotherapeutic approach developed by Francine Shapiro that uses dual attention stimulation, such as eye movements, bilateral sound, or bilateral tactile stimulation, to resolve symptoms resulting from exposure to a traumatic or distressing event. Clinical trials have demonstrated EMDR's efficacy in the treatment of PTSD. It has shown to be more effective than some alternative treatments and equivalent to cognitive behavioral and exposure therapies.Although some clinicians may use EMDR for various problems, its research support is primarily for disorders stemming from distressing life experiences.

Keywords: Combat Veterans War

Accuracy Verified: Yes

2. Trobisch-Lutge, S. (2010, July). "I am a consequential damage of detention" - Protreacted non-determinability in the reconstruction of traumatic experiences in the descendants of victims of political persecution byt the SED dictatorship in the GDR. Symposium (Samin Karim, Chair) conducted at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The descendants of the political persecution by the SED dictatorship in the GDR are in many ways involved in the history of the persecution of their parents. 20 years after the “Wende” the reconstruction of parental distress is distinguished by a high degree of protracted non - determinability. The descendants own traumatic experiences often join fragmented, unsettling memory segments of the parental generation. Confusing persecution practices of the Stasi have often caused grave personal uncertainties and as a consequence, have spread doubts until today about the reliability of autobiographical memories. Internal decision making and processing while living under the conditions of a dictatorship - which included how to deal with their own children, and the external influences of the persecuted parental generation are, from the viewpoint of the descendants, difficult to distinguish from each other. A successful EMDR treatment is - in case of the emotional distress of the descendants of political traumatised people - connected to a process of resolving perplex memory contents. Perpetrator-victim-collusions, which are often found in affected families, add to a concatenation of cumulative traumatic events. The non - determinability in the reconstruction of traumatic experiences cause the formation of traumatic complexes which negatively influence future events in the life of the descendants. Based on interview details of a qualitative study with descendants of victims of political persecution by the SED dictatorship in which the possibilities of handling the more difficult determination of initial traumatic events are discussed. By means of this the author clarifies the central themes of a disconcerting reconstruction of the victim’s parental and own biography.

Keywords: GRD Political Persecution SED Dictatorship Victims

Accuracy Verified: Yes

3. フランシーンシャピロ, マーゴット・シルクフォレスト, 市井雅哉 (翻訳) [Shapiro, F., and Forrest, M. S. (Ichii Masaya translator)] (2006年2月). トラウマからの解放:EMDR [EMDR: The breakthrough therapy for overcoming anxiety, stress and trauma]. 大阪：Nikeisha.

Language: Japanese

Format: Book

Abstract:
EMDR、または眼球運動脱感作と再処理、目の動きやハンドタップなどのリズミカルな刺激を利用して外傷の犠牲者を治療するための新しい非伝統的な、非常に短期的な治療法です。シャピロ氏は、臨床心理学者と仲間のアプローチを開発したカリフォルニア州パロアルトで、精神研究所で、これのようにわずか3として90分EMDRセッションは、患者の無効化の不安を軽減した例が報告されます。彼女は1987年に技術を開発する方法説明して、シャピロ氏は、治療について説明しますように機能するかについて、なぜ研究を支援し引き合いに出して推理。彼女はリズミカルな刺激は、プロセスのジャンプに固有の起動することを示唆していると、それらはとても自然治癒を始めることが立ち往生している外傷体験の処理を開始して犠牲者を有効にするには脳の情報処理システムを加速させます。ライターForrestは手法の有効性を実証する数多くのEMDRトレーニングを積んだセラピストによるケーススタディを掴んで提示？とりわけ、心的外傷後ストレスとベトナムのベテランは、夜の恐怖、レイプ被害者の母親と子供もほぼ悲しみに麻痺息子の死の翌年。他の研究は、終末期の患者の成功を支援麻薬中毒者を報告する。

EMDR, or eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, is a new, nontraditional, very short-term therapy for treating trauma victims that utilizes rhythmical stimulation such as eye movements or hand taps. Shapiro, a clinical psychologist and fellow at the Mental Research Institute in Palo Alto, Calif., who developed the approach, reports cases in which as few as three 90-minute EMDR sessions have relieved patients' disabling anxiety. Explaining how she developed the technique in 1987, Shapiro describes the treatment, theorizes about why it works and cites supporting research. She suggests that the rhythmical stimulation inherent in the process jump starts and accelerates the brain's information processing system to enable the victims to begin to process the traumatic experiences in which they have been stuck so that natural healing can begin. Writer Forrest presents gripping case studies from numerous EMDR-trained therapists to demonstrate the effectiveness of the technique?among others, a Vietnam veteran with post-traumatic stress, a child with night terrors, a rape victim and a mother still nearly paralyzed with grief a year after her son's death. Other studies report success helping drug addicts and the terminally ill.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

4. محمد نريماني ، سوران رجبي [Narimani, M., & Rajabi, S.] (2009). مقايسه ي تأثير روش حساسيت زدايي توأم با حركات چشم و پردازش مجدد در درمان اختلال استرس (CBT) با درمان شناختي رفتاري (EMDR) [Comparison of efficacy of eye movement, desensitization and reprocessing and cognitive behavioral therapy methods in the treatment of stress disorder]. Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad University - Tehran Medical Branch, 19(4), 236-245.

Language: Persian

Format: Journal

Abstract:
سابقه و هدف: با توجه به ماهيت علامت محوربودن درمان دارويي، از روش هاي درماني حساسيت زدايي توأم با حركات چشم و استفاده مي شود. هدف اين (PTSD) در درمان اختلال استرس پس از ضربه (CBT) و شناختي- رفتاري (EMDR) پردازش مجدد در اختلال استرس است. CBT و EMDR مطالعه بررسي تفاوت تأثير دو روش درماني بستري در بيمارستان ايثار اردبيل يا ساكن در شهر اردبيل به PTSD روش بررسي:در اين مطالعه مورد شاهدي 51 رزمنده مبتلا به روش نمونه گيري تصادفي ساده انتخاب شدند و به صورت تصادفي به سه گروه تقسيم شدند.روش مطالعه، آزمايشي گسترش يافته و طرح تحقيق از نوع پيش آزمون پس آزمون چندگروهي بود. ابزارهاي مورد استفاده شامل آزمون خاطره هاي آزاردهنده، مقياس برآشفتگي ذهني، مقياس شناخت واره هاي مثبت و مقياس اضطراب و افسردگي بيمارستاني بود. باعث كاهش معني داري در متغيرهاي خاطره هاي آزاردهنده، اضطراب و افسردگي و CBT و EMDR يافتهها: روش هاي درماني CBT در مقايسه با EMDR برآشفتگي ذهني شد و ميزان اعتماد به شناخت واره ي مثبت به طور معني داري افزايش يافت. روش درماني رزمندگان ايراني مؤثرتر بود، با اين وجود هر دو روش در كاهش علايم اين اختلال مؤثر بودند. PTSD در كاهش علايم پيشنهاد مي شود به منظور پيشگيري و كاهش علائم اختلال ،PTSD در درمان CBT و EMDR نتيجهگيري: با توجه به اثر درماني استرس پس از سانحه جنگ در رزمندگان ايراني از روش هاي درماني فوق در مراكز درماني استفاده شود.

Background: According to symptom oriented of drug therapy in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), eye movement, desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) were increasingly used. The aim of this study was to compare effects of EMDR and CBT in acute stress. Materials and methods: In this case-control study, 51 combatants with PTSD hospitalized in Isar Hospital of Ardabil province or were inhabited in Ardabil were randomly divided to three groups. The method was extended test method and study design was multi-group test-retest. Used tools included boring memories test, subjective units of distress or anxiety (SUD) scale, validity of cognitions (VOC) scale and hospital anxiety and depression scale. Results: EMDR and CBT significantly decreased boring memories, mental distress, anxiety and depression, and also increased positive cognition. Although both EMDR and CBT caused significant reduction of anxiety and depression, EMDR was superior to CBT in reduction of PTSD symptoms of Iranian combatants. Conclusion: Regarding efficacy of EMDR and CBT in the treatment of PTSD , it is suggested to prevent and decrease symptoms of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Keywords: Anxiety Depression CBT Cognitive Behavior Therapy Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PSTD Subjective Units of Distress SUD Validity of Cognition VOC

Accuracy Verified: Yes

5. 朱品潔 [Chu Pin-Chieh, & Zhu Pinjie]. (1999). 個人失落與EMDR之介入：個案研究 [EMDR of personal loss and intervention: A Case Study]Educational Psychology and Counseling]. National Taiwan Normal University, Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, Taiwan.

Language: Chinese

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
本研究的目的是探索的眼動脫敏和再處理（EMDR）的干預治療結果與個人的損失。通過深入了解客戶的主觀經驗和在整個治療過程中不斷變化的課程，研究人員打算證明 EMDR的治療 efficaciously幫助客戶克服個人損失的創傷，重拾信心和活力。研究人員採訪了客戶端是誰願意分享他的生活和EMDR的治療經驗，通過一個半結構化的問卷。與客戶的許可，研究人員已經獲得了客戶的臨床記錄。有條不紊地綜合各種數據後，研究人員已開發出的情況下提出的生活經驗和客戶端的EMDR的治療干預的描述。研究者分析了廣義的數據，客戶端的適應性應對整個 EMDR的治療過程，並討論了從精神科醫生和其他輔導員干預的影響。（作者摘要）

The purpose of this study is to explore the treatment outcomes from the intervention of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) with personal loss. Through in-depth understanding of the client’s subjective experiences and changing courses throughout the entire therapeutic process, the researcher intends to prove that EMDR therapy has efficaciously helped the client overcome the trauma from personal loss and regain confidence and vitality. The researcher has interviewed a client who is willing to share his life and EMDR therapy experiences through a semi-structured questionnaire. With the client’s permission, the researcher has obtained the client’s clinical records. After methodically synthesizing the various data, the researcher has developed a case description presenting both the life experience and the intervention of EMDR therapy of the client. The researcher has analyzed the data, generalized the client’s adaptive coping processes throughout EMDR therapy and discussed the effects from the psychiatrist’s and other counselors’ interventions. (Author's abstract)

Keywords: Case Study Dissociation Personal Loss

Accuracy Verified: Yes

6. 大河原美以 [Mii Ogawara] (2010年1月). 感情制御の発達不全とその回復--嘔吐経験がトラウマとなった小学生事例の治療経過から (第1土曜特集原始感覚と情動--生体防御系としての情動機構とその破綻) [Under developed affect regulation and therapeutic process: Case reports of the children who were traumatized by the experiences of vomiting]. 医学のあゆみ 232(1), 33-37 [History of Medicine, 232(1), 33-37].

Language: Japanese

Format: Journal

Keywords: Elementary School Emotional Regulation Vomiting

Accuracy Verified: Yes

7. 陈维樑, 吴薇莉 [Chen Wei-Liang & Li Wu-Wei]. 2010年第05期). 我所认识的EMDR陈维樑 [I know EMDR]. 西華大學學報(哲學社會科學版) 29卷5期 [West China University (Social Science Edition, 29(5))]. doi:cnki:sun:cdsf.0.2010-05-002 .

Language: Chinese

Format: Journal

Abstract:
EMDR是一种对治疗PTSD和其他创伤经历的心理治疗方法,这种方法的有效性得到了大量实证研究的支持。本文讨论了一些人们常问及的关于EMDR的基本问题,同时引用了一些案例和相关研究来帮助人们更好地理解和学习EMDR。

EMDR is the treatment of PTSD and other psychological treatment of traumatic experiences, the effectiveness of this approach are a lot of empirical research support. This article discusses some of the people often asked basic questions about EMDR, but cited a number of cases and related research to help people better understand and learn EMDR.

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing Efficacy Studies Information Processing of Adaptability Study of Curative Effect

Accuracy Verified: Yes

8. 赵国秋汪永光王义强付素芬唐济生曹日芳 [Zhao Guoqiu, Wang Yongguang, Wang Yiqiang, FU Shufen, Tang Jisheng, & Cao Rifang] (发表时间). 胶济铁路交通事故伤员心理危机干预结果分析 [The Analysis of Intervention for Casualties in the Accident on Jiaoji Railway on April 28]. 中国首届心理咨询师大会暨心理危机干预研讨会论文集.

Language: Chinese

Format: Conference

Abstract:
对22名ASD患者进行EMDR治疗，比较EMDR治疗前后的心理行为反应的差异。结果：有22名达到ASD（急性应激障碍）诊断标准，ASD发生率为9.73%，伤员中主要以闯入、警觉性增高表现为主，并伴随着其它的负性情绪体验。女性组心理行为反应结果明显重于男性组，女性组ASD...

(Based on the treatment of EMDR for 22 ASD patients, the comparison of psychological and behavior reaction between and after the treatment is shown. Results: there were 22 patients who reached to the diagnosis standard of ASD (Acute Stress Disorder). The incident rate is 9.73%. The major reaction is the increase of intrusive thoughts and alertness, with some other negative emotional experiences. The result of the psychological and behavior reaction of the female group is evidently stronger than that of the male group. The female group…)

Keywords: Acute Stress Disorder ASD Jiaoji Railway

Accuracy Verified: Yes

9. Kuhn, G. (2008). 采用EMDR技术对消极表现经历的情绪再加工 [Emotional reprocessing of negative performance using the EMDR technique]. 天津体育学院学报第03期 [Journal of Tianjin University of Sport, 155(3)] .

Language: Chinese

Format: Journal

Abstract:
许多运动员在他们的职业生涯中都经历过在特定情境中承受反复的身心障碍（如恐惧对手，所谓的"不堪一击"，双腿灌铅）。

Many athletics have the experiences of suffering from repeating somatopsychic disorder in a given situation in their career life, such as fear of opponents, i.e. “cannot withstand a single blow”…).

Keywords: Emotional Reprocessing Negative Performance Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

10. Βεντουράτου, Δ. [Ventouratos, D.]. (2009). Εισαγωγή στην ψυχοτραυματολογία και στην τραυματοθεραπεία. : Η μέθοδος - EMDR [Introduction to psychotraumatology and trauma treatment and EMDR]. Πεδίο εφαρμογής Εκδόσεων, Αθήνα, Ελλάδα [Field Publications, Athens, Greece] .

Language: Greek

Format: Book

Abstract:
Συχνά, όταν βρισκόμαστε αντιμέτωποι με μια αιφνίδια στρεσογόνο εμπειρία, νιώθουμε απειλή και ανημπόρια. Αν οι προσπάθειές μας να την ξεπεράσουμε ψυχικά δεν επαρκούν, δημιουργούνται μέσα μας εσωτερικά ρήγματα. Συνήθως παγώνουμε ή απωθούμε κάθε ανάμνηση και κάθε συναίσθημα που σχετίζονται με το τραυματικό βίωμα. Οι συνέπειες αυτής της απώθησης είναι διάφορα ψυχοσωματικά συμπτώματα, φοβίες ή κατάθλιψη.
Το βιβλίο εισάγει για πρώτη φορά τον αναγνώστη στα εξειδικευμένα πεδία της ψυχοτραυματολογίας και της τραυματοθεραπείας, που ασχολούνται με την αντιμετώπιση και εξάλειψη των τραυματικών βιωμάτων στους ανθρώπους: η ψυχοτραυματολογία συμμαχεί με το υγιές εγώ και χτίζει με προσοχή μια θεραπευτική σχέση εμπιστοσύνης με στόχο την επεξεργασία και αφομοίωση του τραυματικού βιώματος.
Στο βιβλίο εξετάζεται ειδικότερα η πρωτοποριακή μέθοδος ΕΜDR της Francine Shapiro, που αποτελεί ένα πολύ ισχυρό εργαλείο στα χέρια του έμπειρου κλινικού με θεαματικά αποτελέσματα. Με τη μέθοδο αυτή το τραυματικό βίωμα νοηματοδοτείται και παίρνει τη θέση του σαν ένα ακριβό μαργαριτάρι στον θησαυρό των εμπειριών του ατόμου.

Often, when faced with a sudden stressful experience, one feels threatened and helpless. If our efforts to overcome psychologically inadequate, created through our internal divides. Usually freeze or repelled every memory and every emotion associated with the traumatic experience. The effect of this repulsion is different psychosomatic symptoms, phobias or depression. The book introduces for the first time the reader to specific areas of psychotrafmatologias and trafmatotherapeias, dealing with the treatment and elimination of traumatic experiences in people: the psychotrafmatologia allies with a healthy ego and carefully builds a therapeutic relationship of trust with the aim of treatment and assimilation of traumatic experiences. In particular the book examines innovative method of EMDR Francine Shapiro, which is a very powerful tool in the hands of an experienced clinician with spectacular results. With this method, the traumatic experience and arises only takes its place as an expensive pearl in the treasure the experience of the individual.

Keywords: Psychotraumatology Trauma Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

11. Wilson, S., Becker, L., & Tinker, R. H. (1995, June). 15-Month follow up of EMDR treatment for traumatic memory. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
We previously reported on the outcomes of a controlled study of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) effectiveness in the treatment of traumatic memory (Wilson, Tinker, & Becker, 1994; Wilson, Becker, & tinker, in press). In that study we found that three, 90-minute sessions of EMDR (Shapiro, 1995) "normalized the psychological functioning of the previously traumatized participants (g = 80) on all dependent measures. The present study is a 15-month follow up of those participants. I Method: The research design is shown in Table 1. Participants were randomly assigned to EMDR or to Delayed EMDR conditions. Pretreatment measurement occurred at measurement time TI. Participants in the EMDR condition received EMDR between T1 and T2; those in the Delayed EMDR condition received EMDR between T2 and T3. All participants were tested immediately following treatment and at 3 months following treatment (at T4). The 15 month, long-term follow up occurred at measurement time T5. An independent assessor collected all of the following dependent measures: Subjective Units of Disturbance Scale (SUDS; Wolpe, 1990), Impact of Events Scale (IES; Hmowitz, Wilner, & Alvarez, 1979), State/Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI; Spielberger, Gorsuch, Lushene, Vagg, & Jacobs, 1983), and the Symptom Checklist (SCL-90-R, Derogatis, 1992). [Table 1. The Research Design, Treatment Condition, Measurement Time: T1 T2 T3 T4 T5; EMDR Treatment: 01 x 02 03 04; Delayed EMDR Treatment 01 02 x 03 04 05; Note: T = Time of measurement; 0 = Observation; X = Treatment administered.] II. Results: Two analyses were performed to assess the impact of EMDR treatment at the 15-month follow up. First, in order to assess the overall, long-term impact of EMDR, the 15-month follow-up scores were compared with the pretreatment scores. There was significant improvement on all nine measures at the 15-month follow up: The multivariate effect was significant (Wilk's Lambda =.11, p<.0005) as were all nine of the univariate effects (all p <.0005). Second, in order to assess whether the improvement shown immediately following EMDR treatment had been maintained over the following year the immediate posttreatment scores were compared with, the 15-month follow-up scores. The multivariate test was nonsignificant (Wilk's lambda=.74, p=.079), indicating the improvement shown immediately following EMDR was maintained 15 months later. The univariate analyses indicated additional improvement for the PTSD symptoms of intrusions (IES Intrusion: F(1,56)=7.71, p=307) and avoidance (IES avoidance: F_(1,56) -4.44, p=.040). None of the nine measures showed deterioration at the 15-month follow up. Prior to EMDR treatment 45% (g= 9) of the responders had been diagnosed as PTSD, at the 15-month follow up only 7% (g = 4) were diagnosed as PTSD (chi-squareo, N=61)= .72, p < .05). III. Responders Versus Nonresponders at the 15-Month Follow up.: At the time of writing this abstract, 75% of the participants (g=61) have responded to the 15-month follow up. In general, measures taken prior to treatment did not differentiate responders fiom nonresponders. Responding at the 15-month follow up was unrelated to age, gender, marital status or years of education, although the annual income of the responders (Mdn=21,500) was higher than that of the nonresponders (Mdn = 14,750, Mann-Whitney U=372.5, p=.017). Responding or not at 15 months was unrelated to the type of trauma experienced, whether or not the participants had been in therapy prior to EMDR treatment, or how long ago the trauma had occurred. It was also unrelated to the severity of the trauma as measured by the pretreatment scores on the nine dependent variables and to whether or not the participant met the PTSD diagnosis criteria prior to treatment. A multiple regression analysis used the immediate posttreatment and 90-day posttreatment scores to predict whether or not the participant responded at the 15-month follow up. Nonrespondents were more likely to be depressed at 90-days following treatment than were respondents (R square=.O8, B=-.16, Beta = -.28, F_L1,71)=5.99, p=.017). No other variables entered into the regression model. IV Discussiona and Conclusion, Tretement effects found immediately following EMDR treatment wer maintained or improved 15 months later and thee was a significant decrease in the number of participants diagnosed as PTSD at the 15 month follow up. The comparison of responders to nonresponders at the 15 month follow up showed that the nonresponders were more depressed than the responders, raising the possiblity that the present results may be favorably biased to some extent. The discussion will include the additional, subjective impressions of participants who did not respond to the follow up. Limitations of EMDR with this population will be discussed, including the influence of comorbidity, multiple traumas, retraumatization after treatment, and spontaneous recurrence of symptoms. V. References: 1) Derogatis, L. R. (1992). SCL-90: Administration Scoring and Procedures Manual II. Baltimore: Clinical Psychometric Research. 2) Horowitz, M. J., Wilmer, N. & Alverez, W. (1979). Impact of Event Scale: A Measure of Subjective Distress. Psychosomatic Medicine, 41, 209-218. 3) Shapiro, F. (1995), Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing: Basic Principles, Protocols, and Procedures. 4) Speilberger, C. D., Gorsuch, R. L., Lushene, R. D., Vagg, P. R., & Jacobs, G. A. (1983). Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Palo Alto: Consulting Psychologists Press. 5) Wilson, S. A., Tinker, R. A., & Becker, L. A. (1994, November). Efficacy of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR)Treatment for Trauma Victims. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, Chicago, IL. 6) Wilson, S. A., Becker, L. A., & Tinker, R. A. (In press), EMDR, treatment for psychologically traumatized individuals, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology.

Keywords: Follow-up Traumatic Memory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

12. Shapiro, F. (2009, August). A 20 year update of EMDR clinical applications: What is the depth and scope of treatment?. Plenary at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Atlanta, GA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In 1989, the seminal randomized controlled study on EMD appeared in the Journal of Traumatic Stress. However, by the time the first trainings began in the US in 1990, the principles now known as the Adaptive Information Processing model were guiding the development of the procedures and protocols, which in 1991, were officially renamed EMDR. All participants in these early trainings and in the years following were introduced to the hypothesis that most pathology emerges from unprocessed memories of earlier life experiences (AKA “small t trauma”) and that targeting and processing these experiences could provide the basis of efficient and effective treatment outcomes. These predictions have been supported in the widespread use of EMDR. Consequently, we have much to learn from examining these treatment effects, starting with the first published report in 1991 of the elimination of a delusional state, through the myriad applications that have been reported to date. This presentation will review a variety of these clinical reports and explore their implications for current and future EMDR practice.

Keywords: Plenary

Accuracy Verified: Yes

13. Koshal, A. (2012, June). The 4-fields-technique in the trauma therapy of complex traumatized and addicted patients [La técnica de 4-‐Campos en la terapia de trauma complejo y pacientes adictos, incluso en tratamiento de metadona]. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop will employ lecture and demonstration of several case studies. The 4-‐Field-‐Technique is a special method of EMDR that was developed by Jarero et al. 1997 in Mexico. For complex traumatized and drug addicted people this method is very helpful. The risk to trigger other trauma clusters is quite minor, because the patient’s concentration is focused on his specific picture and situation. Several international studies demonstrate that addicted people are very often complex traumatized. (Felitti et al., 2003; Schmidt, 2000 etc.) PTSD and other trauma symptoms cause a lot of psychophysical deregulation. The psychiatrist Khantzian realized 1985, that addicted people suffer a lot from different symptoms and try to reduce the unbearable inner tension in using drugs. So Khantzian postulated the “self-‐medication hypothesis of addictive disorders”. Janina Fisher, Trauma Center Boston, 2000, interpreted the correlation of early traumatization and drug-‐addiction as “compensatory strategies aimed at self-‐ regulation”. 20 years of psychotherapeutic work revealed, a high percentage of addicted patients use drugs to influence their emotional states. Drugs and alcohol do short term reduce the mentioned symptoms. Addicted patients need to learn to cope in another, more adaptive way to get a better functioning self-‐regulation. After stabilization, trauma-‐therapy can start. So the patient can reduce his psycho-‐ physiological deregulation. Even when addicted patients are still in a methadone-‐ treatment trauma-‐therapy is effective. Practical experiences show a lot of successful treatments.

Este taller empleará la presentación y demostración de muchos estudios de caso. La técnica de 4 campos es un método especial de EMDR que fue desarrollado por Jarero et al. 1997 en Méjico. Para gente con traumas complejos y adictos este método resulta ser muy adecuado. El riesgo de disparar grupos de traumas es menor, debido a que la concentración del paciente está centrada en una sola imagen y situación. Muchos estudios demuestran que los adictos son muy a menudo traumatizados de manera compleja. (Felitti et al., 2003; Schmidt, 2000 etc.) El TEPT y otros síntomas del trauma causan muchas desregulaciones psicofisiológicas. El psiquiatra Khantzian se dio cuenta en 1985, que la gente que sufre de adicción sufren también muchos otros síntomas diferentes e intentan reducir su tensión interna a través del uso de sustancias. Por ello Khantzian postuló “ La hipótesis de la automedicación en trastornos adictivos” Janina Fisher, Trauma Center Boston, 2000, interpretó la correlación de la traumatización temprana y la adicción a la drogas como “ Estrategias compensatorias dirigidas a la autorregulación”. 20 años de trabajo psicoterapéutico muestran que un gran porcentaje de pacientes adictos usan drogas para modificar sus estados emocionales. Las drogas y el alcohol reducen a corto plazo los síntomas mencionados. Los pacientes adictos necesitan aprender a afrontar de manera más adaptativa su autorregulación. Después de la estabilización, la terapia del trauma puede empezar. Por ello el paciente puede reducir su desregulación psicofisiológica. Incluso cuando aún están sometidos a un tratamiento de metadona la terapia del trauma es efectiva. Las experiencias en la práctica muestran una gran cantidad de tratamientos exitosos.

Keywords: 4-Fields-Technique Addiction

Accuracy Verified: Yes

14. Beccari, A. (2008). Abuso sessuale sui minori: Il sostegno alle giovani vittime [On child sexual abuse: Support for young victims]. Universita Degli Studi di Parma, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract: Il filo conduttore di questo report sarà il trauma. La prima parte sarà incentrata sulla definizione di trauma, sulle risposte adattive e su quelle patologiche di fronte ad un evento negativo e sulle variabili individuali e soggettive che determinano nell’individuo un vissuto traumatico. Quest’ultimo aspetto, infatti, sappiamo essere fondamentale per capire la differenza che intercorre tra le diverse reazioni (emotiva, cognitiva e comportamentale) delle persone che si trovano ad essere esposte anche al medesimo evento disturbante. La seconda sezione sarà invece dedicata al trauma dei bambini e alle diverse modalità di condurre un assessment adeguato. La terza parte si concentrerà, nello specifico, sul trauma da abuso sessuale: ne prenderà in considerazione la definizione, le conseguenze a breve e medio-lungo termine nonchè le possibilità di sostegno alle giovani vittime di abuso sessuale intra ed extra familiare. Inoltre verrà trattata una tecnica piuttosto recente dimostratasi efficace nel trattamento del Disturbo Post-traumatico da Stress negli adulti come nei bambini: l’EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing).

The theme of this report is trauma. The first part will focus on the definition of trauma, and those on adaptive responses pathological in the face of a negative event and the individual variables and subjective determine in the individual a traumatic experience. This latter aspect, in fact, we know be crucial to understand the difference between the different reactions (emotional, cognitive and behavioral) of persons who are to be presented on the same event disturbing. The second section will be devoted to the trauma of children and the different modes of conduct a proper assessment. The third part will focus specifically on the trauma of sexual abuse: it will take consider the definitions, the short-and medium-long term as well as the possibility of support for young victims of sexual abuse within and outside the family. also will be treated fairly new technique proved effective in treating the disorder Post-traumatic Stress in adults as in children: EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing).

Keywords: Children Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

15. O'Shea, M. K. (2003, September). Accessing and repairing preverbal trauma/neglect. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Numerous methods have attempted to repair distress remaining from very early trauma (especially adoption) or neglect, but most have been difficult, cumbersome, even traumatic. The presenter will describe and demonstrate a direct, simple, safe and incredibly effective EMDR extension, which is based on our current scientific knowledge of early brain development. Participants will (1) learn how to be able to adapt the Basic EMDR protocol when treating preverbal experiences with infants, children, adolescents and adults; (2) what language to use when accessing and repairing preverbal experiences: (3) be able to use "imaginative interweaves" to stimulate release of trapped energy and fully learn from the experience; (4) learn to use the 3 R's (Review, Release, Repair) to ensure that reprocessing of preverbal material is complete.

Keywords: Adoption Neglect Preverbal Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

16. Huber, M., Siol, T., Herholz, K., Lenz, O., Köhle, K., & Heiss, W. D. (2001, December). Activation of thalamo-cortical systems in post-traumatic flashbacks: A positron emission tomography study. Traumatology, 7(4), 131-141. doi:10.1177/153476560100700402.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Trauma victims with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often experience ‘flashbacks’ that are described as being different from memories of other fearful biographic situations. We used Positron Emission Tomography and Statistical Parametric Mapping to compare in the same subject brain activation patterns during induced flashbacks with recall of fearful non-traumatic situations. During fearful recall there were significant activations of right precuneus. When traumatic memories were compared to neutral, right lingual gyrus, right thalamus / mamillary bodies, and right cerebellum were significantly activated. When brain activation during flashbacks was compared to simple fear, right mediodorsal thalamus (MD), right precuneus, and right cerebellum were significantly more active. With respect to recent experimental evidence concerning the function of thalamo-cortical systems, we hypothesize that post-traumatic flashback experiences are based on hyperactive thalamo-cortical ‘closed loop’ networks.

Keywords: Flashbacks Mediodorsal Thalamus PET Positron Emission Tomography Post-Trauamtic Stress Disorder PTSD Statistical Parameter Mapping Thalamo-Cortical Systems Trauma Victims

Accuracy Verified: Yes

17. Barreda-Hanson, C. (2012, Septiember). Adaptación del EMDR y terapia breve centrada en el cliente para cambiar percepciones negativas y traumaticas [EMDR adaption of brief client-centered therapy to change negative and traumatic perceptions]. Presentación en la 70 Conferencia Anual del International Council of Psychologist(ICP), Sevilla, España.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
El estrés subsiguiente después de un traumatismo, representa un trastorno disfuncional – tanto interno como externo – que se manifiesta en alteraciones en el reconocimiento cognitivo y en los comportamientos, llevando además asociados síntomas somáticos, afloramiento de problemas inconscientes y ansiedades. Pues una de las características del estrés post-traumático, es precisamente la pérdida de equilibrio entre el mundo interno y externo de quien lo sufre. Por eso, ante la complejidad de las respuestas post-traumáticas, éstas se pueden catalogar en gran medida dentro de las perturbaciones psicopatológicas. El estrés psicológico surge por una situación estresante “real”, externa, tangible y la reacción ante esta difícil experiencia, evoca un conjunto bastante universal y coherente de síntomas y respuestas que provocan reacciones primitivas relacionadas con temores inconscientes ante las amenazas a la vida, que hacen aflorar incipientemente fantasías e impulsos abrumadores. Los resultados son los pensamientos disfuncionales que conducen a las respuestas y a los comportamientos desadaptativos. Objetivos: el taller está diseñado para proporcionar a estudiantes y profesionales de la Psicología – que trabajan o desean trabajar en esta área del trauma y el cambio de comportamientos -, la habilidad para utilizar eficaz y rápidamente intervenciones breves, que puedan poner en practicar incluso en casa. En el taller se estudiará la forma inicial de evaluar, tanto al trauma como a la clientela. Se trabajará la historia del trauma y se profundizará en sus consecuencias y en cómo diseñar las intervenciones breves para hacerles frente. También se centrará en averiguar qué cambios quieren los y las clientes a través de relatos y visualizaciones, utilizando una adaptación de las terapias EMDR y la Solución Enfocada tanto a crear el cambio deseado, como a mantenerlo. En consecuencia el taller es de particular interés para quienes trabajan con personas que han sufrido cualquier tipo de trauma, o quienes perciben acontecimientos de la vida, experiencias, etc. que les afectan de forma negativa en su día a día. También es útil para las personas que sufren de TOC, sobre todo trastornos del pensamiento. Los aspectos más útiles de las dos técnicas que se han adaptado junto con otras innovaciones de la autora, guardan relación con la creación de un ambiente seguro, no-traumático, que actúa rápidamente y que además, se puede realizar en casa sin peligro de consecuencias negativas. Objetivos específicos: 1. Ser capaz de describir e identificar las manifestaciones del trauma. 2. Aprender y describir dos técnicas terapéuticas breves en el tratamiento del trauma 3. Definir una técnica breve terapéutica que puede ser utilizada para fomentar el cambio 4. Destacar el rol del o de la terapeuta durante el tratamiento de los traumatismos 5. Ser capaz de describir, diseñar y establecer metas de la terapia y promover cambios mediante el uso de técnicas de terapia breve. Métodos: la Desensibilización y Reprocesamiento por Movimientos Oculares (EMDR), es un método complejo e integrador de la psicoterapia individual, mediante el que se guía al cliente utilizando un procedimiento para acceder a sus experiencias y resolver sus problemas conductuales y emocionales. El EMDR utiliza elementos de múltiples orientaciones psicoterapéuticas tanto psicodinámicas, como cognitivo- conductuales, enfoques centrados en el cliente, gestalt y bioenergéticos. La premisa subyacente de EMDR es que las experiencias de pánico y ansiedad se procesan de forma diferente por el cerebro que las experiencias habituales. La teoría subyacente es que durante el estrés, la memoria grava en una parte del cerebro responsable de las emociones de modulación (la amígdala) y se cierra temporalmente otra parte del cerebro (el hipocampo), responsable de procesamiento de la memoria normal. La experiencia traumática queda atrapada en el exterior y potencialmente no forma parte del procesamiento normal del cerebro, y el EMDR permite a la persona acceder a la experiencia y transformarla en memoria declarativa en el hipocampo. Con el método EMDR, el hipocampo se puede abrir a las emociones evocadas por la experiencia para que el/la cliente pueda soportarlas mientras se realiza el tratamiento. La distracción y la atención a la estimulación bilateral, desempeñan un importante papel que ayuda al cliente a experimentar las emociones como tolerables. Aunque cómo la distracción bilateral en concreto, facilita el procesamiento de las experiencias dolorosas, sea algo que todavía no se termina de entender. Por otra parte, las Intervenciones Breves de Terapias enfocadas al Cliente se centran en las excepciones del problema, pensando que a continuación se desarrollará un cambio natural en el comportamiento. Es una especie de visión orientada no en las formas tradicionales, sino hacia el futuro, sin profundizar demasiado en la “patología” sino más bien centrándose en lo que el sistema puede hacer para adaptarse a ella, puesto que ambos pueden decidir si esa “patología” es un problema o no lo es. Las Intervenciones de Terapia Breve enfocadas al Cliente se utilizan para resolver una variedad de problemas de comportamientos y actitudes, mediante el uso de los propios recursos de los y las clientes y las observaciones de las estrategias que utilizan para alcanzar los resultados deseados, en sus situaciones vitales habituales. Se trata de una buena técnica para establecer y mantener un contexto de cambio en el que los pequeños, pero útiles cambios, se anticipan y se buscan. En definitiva, la combinación de ambas técnicas con algunas variaciones desarrolladas por la Dra. Barreda-Hanson, han demostrado ser una herramienta poderosa para mejorar la respuesta al tratamiento en un período de tiempo más corto, teniendo también la ventaja de permitir practicar los ejercicios en casa. Aplicaciones: la aplicación habitual del EMDR ha sido el tratamiento de trastornos emocionales relacionados con eventos muy perturbadores o traumáticos. Pero también se usa para trabajar síntomas preocupantes como la ansiedad, la depresión, la culpa y la ira. E igualmente, se puede utilizar para mejorar recursos emocionales tales como la confianza y la autoestima. Procedimientos: - El taller se impartirá en español y el alumnado recibirá amplios folletos complementarios. - Se realizará en una única jornada, en sesión de mañana para teoría y de tarde para prácticas, trabajando cada modelo por separado. - Se espera que quienes asistan lleven una cuestión-problema sobre la que trabajar utilizando las diversas técnicas, pues aunque se utilizarán múltiples ej. de casos reales, se alentará a quienes participen a traer sus propias experiencias e ideas para debatir y trabajar sobre ellas.

The subsequent stress after trauma represents a dysfunctional disorder - internal and external - that is manifested in alterations in cognitive recognition and behavior, besides being associated somatic symptoms outcrop unconscious problems and anxieties. As one of the characteristics of post-traumatic stress, is the loss of balance between internal and external world of the sufferer. Therefore, given the complexity of post-traumatic responses, they can be categorized largely into psychopathological disturbances. Psychological stress arises from a stressful situation "real" external, tangible and reaction to this difficult experience, quite evokes a universal and consistent set of symptoms that cause reactions and responses primitive unconscious fears related to threats to life, which bring out fantasies and impulses incipiently overwhelming. The results are the thoughts that lead to dysfunctional responses and maladaptive behaviors. Objectives: The workshop is designed to provide students and psychology professionals - who work or want to work in this area of trauma and behavior change - the ability to quickly and efficiently use brief interventions, which may put in practice even in house. The workshop will explore how to evaluate initial both trauma as to clients. It will work history of trauma and its consequences will deepen and how design brief interventions to address them. It will also focus on finding out what changes customers want and through stories and views, using an adaptation of EMDR therapy and Solution Focused both to create the desired change, and to keep it. Thus the workshop is of particular interest to those working with people who have suffered any kind of trauma, or who perceive life events, experiences, etc.. that negatively affect them in their day to day. Also useful for persons suffering from OCD, especially disorders of thought. The most useful of the two techniques that have adapted along with other innovations of the author, are related to the creation of a safe, non-traumatic, acting quickly and also can be done at home without fear of consequences negative. Specific objectives: 1. Be able to describe and identify the manifestations of trauma. 2. Learn and describe two brief therapeutic techniques in the treatment of trauma 3. Define a short therapeutic technique that can be used to promote change 4. Outline the role of the therapist or during treatment of injuries 5. Be able to describe, design and establish goals of therapy and promote change through the use of brief therapy techniques. Methods: Desensitization and Reprocessing Eye Movement (EMDR), is a complex and inclusive method of individual psychotherapy, which is guided by the client using a procedure to access their experiences and address their behavioral and emotional problems. The EMDR uses multiple elements of both psychodynamic psychotherapeutic approaches as cognitive-behavioral, client-centered approaches, gestalt and bioenergy. The underlying premise of EMDR is that experiences panic and anxiety are processed differently by the brain than normal experiences. The underlying theory is that during stress, gravel memory part of the brain responsible for emotions modulation (amygdala) and temporarily closes another part of the brain (hippocampus), responsible for normal memory processing. The trapped traumatic experience abroad and potentially not part of the normal brain processing, and EMDR allows people access to the experience and transform it into declarative memory in the hippocampus. With EMDR, the hippocampus can be opened to the emotions evoked by the experience that he / the client is able to bear while performing the treatment. Distraction and attention to bilateral stimulation, play an important role to help the client to experience emotions as tolerable. Although bilateral distraction how specifically facilitates the processing of painful experiences, is something that is not yet fully understood. Moreover, brief interventions focused Customer Therapies focus on the exceptions of the problem, thinking that then will develop a natural change in behavior. It is a kind of non-oriented view on traditional forms, but to the future, without going too deeply into the "pathology" but rather focus on what the system can do to adapt to it, since both can decide whether this "pathology "is a problem or not. Brief therapy interventions focused Customer are used to solve a variety of problem behaviors and attitudes, using their own resources and comments from customers and the strategies used to achieve the desired results in their situations normal life. This is a good technique to establish and maintain a context of change in that small but useful changes, anticipate and seek. In short, the combination of both techniques with some variations developed by Dr. Barreda Hanson, have proved a powerful tool for improving the response to therapy in a shorter period of time, having also the advantage of allowing in practice exercises house. Applications: the routine application of EMDR has been the treatment of emotional disorders associated with very disturbing or traumatic events. But also used to work worrying symptoms such as anxiety, depression, guilt and anger. And also, can be used to enhance emotional resources such as confidence and self-esteem. Procedures: - The workshop will be taught in Spanish and students will receive extensive additional brochures. - Will be held in a single day, in morning session and afternoon theory to practice, working each model separately. - Who are expected to attend with a question-problem on which to work using various techniques, for example, although multiple use. real cases, those involved are encouraged to bring their own experiences and ideas to discuss and work on them.

Keywords: Brief Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

18. Cotraccia, A. J. (2012). Adaptive information processing and a systemic biopsychosocial model. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 6(1), 27-36. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.6.1.27.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Shapiro's (2001) adaptive information processing (AIP) model portrays an innate healing system hypothesized to be composed of neurophysiological mechanisms of action causally related to the resolution of disturbing life experiences. The author expands the model to include psychosocial mechanisms and suggests that a model of a biopsychosocial system can best depict causal properties related to positive outcomes of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Teleofunctionalist and evolutionary perspectives are applied: the first, to explain the inclusion of the psychological and social features highlighted in the updated model; the second, to support the hypothesis that AIP is a goal of the human attachment system. It is posited that bonding, following a disturbing life experience, facilitates the access of information related to previous states, thus allowing an update of self/world models. These interactions are analogous to psychotherapeutic encounters, with multiple levels of information processing at subpersonal, personal, and interpersonal levels. Analysis of the causal properties of personal and interpersonal levels supports a broader understanding of AIP's scope in conceptualizing psychopathology and informing treatment applications and research.

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP Biopsychosocial Internal Working Models Teleofunctionalism

Accuracy Verified: Yes

19. Meignant, I. (2010, July). Adaptive information processing model (AIP). Poster presented at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This Abstract will explore EMDR as an AIP model of psychotherapy. The following aspects will be discussed. Foundation of pathologies: unprocessed physiologically stored memories of life experiences. Definition of Trauma: Any life experience that has a negative on going impact on a person’s life. Therapy goal: Accessing and reprocessing physiologically stored memories of life experiences, triggers and encoding future templates. Memory as composed of: sensory information (smell, image, sound, taste and touch), cognitions, emotions and body sensations. EMDR as a 3 stage therapy model: Past, Present, Future Three themes explored in EMDR therapy: 1) Responsibility (which includes Culpability and Self-esteem) 2) Safety, and 3) Choice The Eight phases of EMDR: Departure and Arrival stations: SUDs , VOC, and BODY scan

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing Model AIP Poster

Accuracy Verified: Yes

20. Molero-Zafra, M., & Perez-Marin, M. (2011, Julio). Adopcion: Un protocolo basado en EMDR, terapia familiar narrativa y la teoria del apego [Adoption: A protocol based on EMDR, family therapy, narrative and attachment theory]. En Aplicación de EMDR en el tratamiento de distintos trastornos (Francisca García Guerrero, Coordinadora). Simposio realizado en el IX Congreso Nacional de Psicología Clínica, San Sebastián, España .

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
La adopción es un tema actual, cuyo interés crece progresivamente. Su vigencia social resulta incuestionable si atendemos al incremento exponencial de niños adoptados por familias españolas, especialmente en adopciones internacionales. La Ley de Adopción vigente en España contempla la adopción como un recurso de protección para aquellos niños/as que no puedan permanecer en su propia familia. Para que se cumpla este objetivo deben arbitrarse todos los mecanismos necesarios que garanticen al niño una familia capaz de asegurar las atenciones propias de la función parental (atención, desarrollo y educación). Los niños adoptados pueden sufrir trastornos como cualquier otro niño, ahora bien, sus experiencias de vida anteriores pueden afectar en mayor grado su desarrollo emocional, social y familiar. Las experiencias vinculares durante la infancia, influyen significativamente en la capacidad para formar relaciones íntimas y emocionalmente saludables. Asimismo, para la formación y cambio de actitudes a lo largo de nuestra vida, van a ser fundamentales nuestros grupo de referencia, siendo la familia uno de los más importantes (López et al., 1999). La empatía, el afecto, el deseo de compartir, el inhibirse de agredir, la capacidad de amar y ser amado y un sinnúmero de características de una persona asertiva, operativa y feliz, están asociadas a las capacidades medulares de apego formadas en la infancia y niñez temprana (Punset, 2008). El objetivo de esta comunicación es presentar un protocolo de abordaje psicológico ante las dificultades que afectan a las familias con problemas de adaptación en casos de adopción. Partiendo de la perspectiva conceptual de la teoría del apego, intentamos promover en estas familias una base de apego seguro, mediante el uso de herramientas terapéuticas de la terapia familiar narrativa y el EMDR. Se presenta el protocolo elaborado para tal fin y un caso para la comprensión de la aplicación del tratamiento.

Adoption is a current issue, whose interest grows gradually. Its validity social is unquestionable if we consider the exponential increase of adopted children Spanish families, especially in international adoptions. The Adoption Act force in Spain provides for the adoption as a source of protection for those children / as not to remain in their own family. To fulfill this objective must be put all the necessary mechanisms to guarantee the child a family able to secure the attentions of parenting (care, development and education). Adopted children may suffer from disorders like any other child, however, previous life experiences can affect their development to a greater extent emotional, social and family life. Relational experiences during childhood influence significantly in the ability to form intimate and emotionally healthy. Also, for the formation and change of attitudes throughout our lives, will be essential to our reference group, the family being one of the most important (Lopez et al., 1999). Empathy, affection, desire to share, the inhibited of attack, the ability to love and be loved and a host of features of a assertive person, operational and happy, are associated with the core competencies of attachment formed in infancy and early childhood (Punset, 2008). The aim of this paper is to present a protocol of psychological approach to the difficulties affecting families with adjustment problems in cases of adoption. From the conceptual perspective of attachment theory, we try in these families to promote a secure attachment base through the use of tools therapeutic narrative family therapy and EMDR. We present a protocol developed for this purpose and a case for understanding the application of the treatment.

Keywords: Adoption Attachment theory Family Therapy Narrative Theory Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

21. Broad, R. D. & Wheeler, K. (2006, May). An adult with childhood medical trauma treated with psychoanalytic psychotherapy and EMDR: A case study. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 42(2), 95-105. doi:10.1111/j.1744-6163.2006.00058.x.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Problem: Adverse childhood experiences have been found to be a strong predictor of emotional and physical problems in adulthood. However, the long-term sequelae for children who have suffered critical illness and exposure to invasive medical procedures are less well documented. Methods: This is a case study of an adult client who sought treatment for depression and attention deficit disorder. The psychotherapy treatment is discussed and the use of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is described targeting a memory of a medical trauma resulting from a tonsillectomy when the client was 8 years old. Conclusions: Significant healing outcomes were attained as a result of the therapy, i.e., decreased depression, less hypervigilance, and increased ability to concentrate, which resulted in the discontinuation of medication for depression and ADHD as well as significant improvement in overall functioning.

Keywords: Childhood Medical Trauma Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy Adverse Childhood Experiences Depression Attention Deficit Disorder Early Experience Major Depression PTSD Psychoanalysis Childhood Development Clinical Case Study Empirical Study

Accuracy Verified: Yes

22. Vogelmann-Sine, S., Popky, A. J., Lazrove, S., Sine, L., Speare, J., Wade, D., & Wade, T. (1995, June). Advanced clinical applications of EMDR to addictive behaviors. Symposium conducted at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop addresses the application of standard and modified EMDR treatment protocols to addictive and compulsive behaviors including substance abuse/dependence, overeating, smoking, love addiction. Individuals with addictive and compulsive behaviors frequently have suffered from childhood trauma and neglect resulting in developmental arrests, as well as a variety of maladaptive behaviors which are trauma-related and serve to minimize pain. The successful implementation of EMDR to addictive behaviors requires that EMDR be used as part of an overall treatment program carefully addressing the needs of individuals who have been traumatized and are exhibiting addictive behaviors. A thorough diagnostic work up is needed aimed at assessing comorbidity, dissociation, and a detailed trauma history covering childhood traumas and traumas suffered as adults including traumas that occur as a consequence of addictive behaviors. Careful client preparation is essential to assist individuals in coping adequately with the high levels of emotion experienced during EMDR Clients' readiness to stop compulsive/addictive behaviors needs to be carefully evaluated. A decision tree aimed at determining the appropriateness of EMDR to individuals diagnosed with addictive behaviors is presented which assists clinicians in minimizing the premature use of EMDR. EMDR is a client centered method, and thus, careful pacing is needed with this population to reprocess underlying traumatic issues. This frequently implies utilizing a modified EMDR treatment protocol with only partial resolutions of underlying traumatic material. Guidelines will be discussed to assist clinicians in selecting EMDR targets for optional results which relate to the stages of recovery. EMDR can be used at all stages of recovery to neutralize the negative impact of memories contributing to problematic behaviors, such as urges to use, ambivalence about treatment, fear of facing painfull feelings from the past. EMDR also has the power to install templates for future actions which assist individuals with skill deficits in more rapidly acquiring necessary skills for a successful recovery. Examples of cognitive interweaves are presented which take into consideration clients' readiness, as well as the need to accelerate the recovery process. EMDR has a unique role in the recovery of traumatized individuals with addictive and compulsive behaviors since the accelerated processing of negative experiences and the installation of positive adaptive cognitions assist clients in more rapidly overcoming barriers throughout the recovery process. It also challenges rigid approaches to recovery which frequently stress that trauma work should not be attempted before abstinence has been accomplished for a specified period of time. EMDR is especially valuable in processing core issues which center around shame and manifest in cognitions, such as "I am defective," "There is something wrong with me," "I am not good enough," "I am not quite right," "I don't belong," "I don't deserve to live." Case examples will be given as to how such core issues can be targeted to accelerate the recovery process. A.J. Popky has developed a specialized EMDR treatment protocol which targets levels of urges of addictive/compulsive behaviors directly and installs a positive internal state of feeling empowered without relying on compulsive and addictive behaviors. Case examples fiom clinical practice indicate that when levels of urges are targeted directly, underlying traumas frequently emerge without increasing clients' usage. The symposium addresses the application of this protocol to a range of addictive and compulsive behaviors. The Wades' integrative psychotherapy combines ego-state therapy and EMDR in a psychosocial developmental context. Their substance use disorders treatment program incorporates specialized applications of their integrative psychotherapy, which includes both individual and group therapy and employs hypnosis as well as EMDR Their presentation focuses on applications of the standard EMDR protocol in individual therapy, which is limited primarily to desensitization of dysphoric affect and reprocessing negative cognitions associated with grief and trauma. Their conceptual framework of substance use disorders proceeds from a goal of reducing the harm caused by substance use and a primary distinction between functional and autonomous use (rather than the DSM conceptualizations of "dependence" or "abuse") because this guides interventions. Initial treatment planning depends upon external constraints (e.g., lack of support for positive change, hostile environment), internal limitations (e.g., severity of substance use and its effects, neurocognitive deficits, inadequate "ego strength," lack of skills, disrupted psychosocial development, psychological trauma) and the nature of the substance use disorder (i.e., functional, autonomous, or both). Methods include education about substance use disorders and processes of change, group therapy to develop skills and obtain feedback and support, individual therapy to correct disrupted development and resolve traumatic stress reactions, and exercises to apply what is learned in real-life situations. The standard EMDR protocol is applied to disrupted development involving grief and to resolve psychological trauma that lead to substance use. Case vignettes in which such applications of the standard EMDR protocol were employed are presented in detail.

Keywords: Addictions Substance Abuse Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

23. Litt, B. (2008). Advanced techniques in the use of EMDR to treat complex trauma. www.barrylittmft.com.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
Summary • Pathogenic family dynamics (relational configurations) are internalized as ego state conflicts • The resulting ego state system is a structured complementation of the loyalty system • The subjective sense of Self (and corresponding relational attitude) is adaptive to the original, formative context[Excerpt]

Keywords: Complex Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

24. Turner, E. (2005, September). Affect regulation for children through art, play and storytelling. Presentation at the annual mmeting of the EMDR International Association, Seattle, WA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Traumatized and neglected children are likely to have deficits that results in low affect tolerance, leading to a tendency to become overwhelmed and dissociate during trauma processing. This workshop will describe the impact of the abuse and neglect on emotional regulation and the need for fun and developmentally appropriate experiences that build internal resources prior to trauma processing. Through live demonstration and small group activities, participants will learn to integrate EMDR principles with art interventions that help children identify emotion and tolerate affect. They will be able to apply EMDR principles to common games to increase affect tolerance and install resources and will be able to identify the EMDR principles inherent in effective storytelling appropriate for the preparation phase.

Keywords: Affect Regulation Art Therapy Children Play Therapy Storytelling

Accuracy Verified: Yes

25. de Roos, C., & Went, M. (2011, April). Als woorden tekort schieten: EMDR bij preverbaal trauma [When words fail: EMDR for pre-verbal trauma]. Presentatie op de 5e jaarlijkse conferentie van EMDR Vereniging, Nijmegen, Nederland.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Infants (0-4 jarigen) kunnen allerlei traumatische gebeurtenissen meemaken zoals intrusieve medische handelingen, een ongeluk, seksueel misbruik en andere vormen van mishandeling. Daarnaast zijn er negatieve ervaringen die niet duidelijk identificeerbaar zijn zoals chronische oorpijn- of buikpijn. Ook deze ervaringen beinvloeden de ouder-kind interactie/ hechtingsrelatie en hebben daarmee hun weerslag op het vermogen tot emotieregulatie en het gedrag. Herinneringen aan deze gebeurtenissen zijn preverbaal en dus niet op bewust nivo toegankelijk. Daardoor worden zij gemakkelijk over het hoofd gezien als mede-oorzaak of instandhoudende factor van emotionele of gedragsproblematiek in de basisschoolleeftijd. Na aanmelding bij de Geestelijke Gezondheidszorg wordt behandeling daarom vaak gericht op de aanpak van de huidige gedragsproblematiek (symptoombestrijding). Onze ervaring is dat EMDR hier een goede aanvulling biedt. Deze methode richt zich immers op de ‘onderlaag’ van de problematiek door negatieve ervaringen die hieraan gerelateerd zijn te verwerken. Daarna kan een inhaalslag gemaakt worden met betrekking tot de emotieregulatie waardoor zowel gedrag als de ouder-kind interactie verbeteren. Aan de hand van casuïstiek van infants en schoolkinderen wordt de indicatiestelling en toepassing getoond van het EMDR protocol bij de behandeling van kinderen die in de eerste 4 levensjaren getraumatiseerd zijn. In de presentatie wordt geillustreerd hoe de ‘verhalenmethode’ geintegreerd kan worden in een breder behandelaanbod. Werkvorm In de presentatie worden theorie en praktijk gecombineerd. Videobeelden ondersteunen het verhaal.

Infants (0-4 years), all kinds of traumatic experience as intrusive medical procedures, accidents, sexual abuse and other forms ofof abuse . There are also negative experiences that are not clearly identifiable as chronic ear pain or abdominal pain. These experiences affect the parent-infant interaction / attachment relationship and thus have their impact on the capacity for emotion regulation and behavior. Memories of these events are preverbal and not accessible on a conscious level. Thus they are easily overlooked as a cause or co-maintaining factor of emotional or behavioral problems in primary school. After reporting to the Mental Health Treatment is therefore often aimed at addressing the current behavioral problems (symptoms). Our experience here is that EMDR provides a good addition. This method is focused on the 'layer' of the problem by negative experiences related to this process. Then caught up with regard to both behavior and emotion regulation allowing the parent-child interactions improve. Through case studies of infants and schoolchildren being shown the indication and application of the EMDR protocol in the treatment of children who are traumatized life on April 1. The presentation illustrated how the 'stories'method can be incorporated into a broader range of treatment. Form In the presentation combines theory and practice. Video images support the story.

Keywords: Infants Children Pre-Verbal Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

26. Picciano, L. (2009, Fall). Alumni incorporate EMDR into psychodynamic treatment. GSAPP Alumni Newsletter, 10(2), 1,4.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
EMDR is a treatment developed by Francine Shapiro (2001) to reprocess traumatic experiences that are “locked” in the nervous system and give rise to current symptomatology. It involves an eight stage protocol in which clients select a target memory and, with the clinician, assess its cognitive, somatic, and emotional components as well as associated level of distress. The memory is then reprocessed through bilateral stimulation (most commonly eye movements) of the brain until the level of distress is reduced. Shapiro developed the “information-processing model” to explain EMDR’s “…treatment effects in terms of the association of memory networks” (Shapiro, 2002, p. 29). The reprocessing allows the client to “digest” a stuck traumatic memory by connecting it with more adaptive memory networks in the brain. EMDR originated as a treatment for PTSD, but EMDR protocols now exist for a variety of issues, such as phobias and grief. Originally developed with adults, its use has also been extended to children, but with modifications in technique.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

27. Lovett, J. M. (1998). Am I real?: Mobilizing inner strength to develop a mature identity. In P. Manfield (Ed.), Extending EMDR: A casebook of innovative applications, (1st ed.) (pp. 191-216). New York: Norton.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Chris was a 44-year old woman who had extremely low self-esteem, depression, panic attacks, and symptoms of dissociation when she began EMDR-facilitated therapy. Eye movement was used initially to reinforce healthy beliefs, physical sensations, and feelings related to experiences of safety, competence, well-being, and success based on prior learning. EMDR was then employed to target painful memories of childhood scenes with her parents, as well as erroneous beliefs and feelings of intense anxiety. Although none of the memories targeted occurred before age 5, the "white empty feeling" that was targeted seemed to represent the earlier deprivation. The desired positive cognition "I am significant" became the "umbrella cognition" containing various "sub-cognitions" (such as "I am loveable," "I deserve respect," and "I can take care of my needs").As Chris reprocessed traumatic childhood memories with EMDR, more and more of these sub-cognitions were integrated. Progress was not linear, but reprocessing the client's issues as she presented them gradually led to a more stable, flexible, and resilient sense of self. Eventually, the negative self-assessments dissipated. After 18 sessions Chris felt strong and confident, fully present, and eager to be involved in intimate relationships that were based on mutual respect. [Text, pp. 215-216] [Pilots]

Keywords: Adults Americans Anxiety Disorders Case Report Child Abuse Cognitive Therapy Depressive Disorders Females Life Experiences Neglect Psychotherapeutic Processes Self Esteem Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

28. Kahveci, S., Erdogan, T., Karakus, D., Dogaroglu, S., Aydemir, S., Sen, G., Serpel, A., Kakan, N., & Ozgun S. (2010, June). Analyzing the effect of EMDR on pre-post menstrual disturbance. In Female issues. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Description of the study: Traumatic experiences may lead to body sensations. Some illnesses such as Migraine, ulcer and fibromyalgia which causes body disturbance have psychological roots. Steven Marcus also shows the relation between traumatic event and migraine in his studies. This study is inspired by the relationship between body disturbance related illnesses and traumatic experiences. In this study, physical and emotional disturbances experienced by women during the MDR menstrual cycle is studied by the use of EMDR. Participants in this study will receive a (max) 12 session EMDR treatment. All participants are going to fill a battery of tests consisting of Beck Depression Scale, STAI, Life Events Check List, Subjective Pain Level before and after the study and keep a diary of disturbance during the study. EMDR and the study: It is hypothesized that females who have more traumatic experiences related to menstrual cycle will experience disturbances during the menstrual cycle and after 12 first session of EMDR treatment there will be a decrease in reported disturbance levels. It is also hypothesized that the more negative cognitions a women has related to her gender/sexuality, the more disturbance she experiences. Learning objectives: Showing the way EMDR can be used in PMS and Dismenore Establishing the relationship between Pre- Post Menstrual Disturbances and negative & irrational beliefs related to gender identity. Enhancing the knowledge on the effect of previous negative life events on somatic sensations in the long term. Our study suggests that: Despite the fact that premenstrual Disturbances and Dismenore are quite common among the women, it is rarely studied by psychotherapists. In this study we reviewed the relevant literature and tried to show that these problems can be studied by using EMDR.

Keywords: Female Issues Pre Menstrual Post Menstrual Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

29. O'Shea, K. (2009, May). Anger, imagination and EMDR. Presentation at the EMDR Canada Conference, Vancouver, British Columbia Canada.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Anger is typically associated with destructive behavior, yet it is frequently released non-destructively during EMDR sessions, via the imagination. Participants will learn 1) how to help clients accept anger as potentially necessary and valuable when learning from traumatic experiences (including the neuroscience that supports the existence of sub-cortical anger circuitry); 2) how to easily reset clients’ anger circuits; 3) Interweaves that facilitate its nondestructive release; 4) how to ensure anger has been fully released; and 5) ways to facilitate clients’ safe release of anger during and outside sessions.

Keywords: Anger Imagination

Accuracy Verified: Yes

30. O'Shea, K. (2008, June). Anger, imagination and EMDR – what EMDR has taught us about the importance of anger and how to facilitate its safe release. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Assocation, London, England.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Jaak Panksepp’s text, Affective Neuroscience (1998), informs us of the vast amount of neurological data available to show that, like all mammals, anger is one of our basic affective circuits. Yet it is not identified as such in the diagnostic manual, at least here in the States. Only the destructive outcomes of angry behaviors are included. Guiding EMDR sessions over the past 17 years has given me the opportunity to observe the nondestructive release of anger as a protective response to harmful (traumatic) experiences. Imagination appears to provide us with an innate ability to acknowledge the degree of harm, and to experience, at a physical level, the capability to protect ourselves and others, if anything similar recurs. Following that release, I consistently see what I call “Compassion-with-Protection”, spontaneously expressed. Others call it “forgiveness”. Because of their experiences with destructive anger and our cultural avoidance of anger, clients often have difficulty allowing their angry feelings to be felt and released during EMDR work. Letting them know they have this capability can enable them to “just notice what happens” during trauma reprocessing. This workshop will address, via description and case examples, how EMDR has clarified the nature of anger. It will specify how EMDR clinicians can support their clients in releasing anger non-destructively (by clearing the anger circuit during Preparation, teaching them how the Imagination works - for self-use and during reprocessing, - and identifying the most efficient targeting sequences), so they can update their systems to their current level of capability and fully experience the “Compassion-with-Protection” that naturally follows.

Keywords: Anger Imagination

Accuracy Verified: Yes

31. Lu, D. P., Lu, G. P., & Lu, W. I. (2007). Anxiety control of dental patients by clinical combination of acupuncture, bi-digital o-ring test, and eye movement desensitization with sedation via submucosal route. Acupuncture and Electro-Therapeutics Research, 32(1-2), 15-30 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The data presented in this article was collected after reviewing clinical findings gathered from using various anxiety control methods on apprehensive patients. We examined clinical applications of the eye movement (EM) component of Eye Movement Desensitization (EMD) on fearful dental patients who have histories of traumatic dental experiences. We also used Bi-Digital O-Ring Test (BDORT) to select the proper dosage of sedative to minimize the adverse side effects. For patients who did not respond well to EM, we used BDORT to select the proper sedative medication and its dosage. In certain difficult cases, we supplemented these techniques with acupuncture to augment the sedative effects. Findings were based on the clinical impressions and assessments of both the patients and the operating team. Results showed that EM, although effective in enabling patients to undergo non-invasive dental procedures such as clinical examination and simple prophylaxis, had only limited beneficial effect with invasive procedures such as extraction, drilling, and injections, etc. We also found that BDORT greatly reduced adverse side effects of sedatives such as hypertension, hypotension, hypoxia, tachycardia, bradycardia, nausea, and vomiting. For most apprehensive patients, we found that EMD and acupuncture combined with BDORT predetermined dosage for the submucosal sedation enabled these patients to undergo the complete dental treatment. The authors try to explain the mechanism of BDORT and EM in terms of visual awareness (or consciousness) and preferred patterns, where neurons in the brain respond to the actions and/or direction of movement. The authors believe that BDORT and EM could have better results if the persons performing BDORT have visual awareness and are focused on the task; whereas in EM, the patient's eye on the therapist's hand movements. A more focused approach via visual pathway will result in more favorable results in EM. Likewise, performing BDORT absentmindedly could lead to false results if visual awareness (or consciousness) is absent. "Preferred pattern" will arouse neurons in the brain to cause conscientiousness, and performing BDORT with 'open eyes' arouse the necessary visual awareness that is necessary for the successful performance of BDORT tasks

Keywords: Acupuncture Anxiety Bi-Digital O-Ring Test Dental Phobic Patients Pharmacological sedation Preferred Patterns Visual Pathway

Accuracy Verified: Yes

32. Lupo, W., Plans, B., & Seijo, N. (2010, Abril). Aplicación de EMDR en el tratamiento del Trauma (PTSD) [EMDR in the application of trauma treatment (PSTD)]. In EMDR: Un abordaje integral de la personalidad traumatizada (Francisca García Guerrero, Coordinadora). Simposio realizado en el Congreso Internacional sobre Avances en Tratamientos Psicológicos, Granada, Spain .

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR es un modelo de terapia, que se basa en el procesamiento adaptativo de la información (AIP). Además de desensibilizar, se trata de transformar la memoria afectada por el trauma, en la que las experiencias disfuncionales queden definitivamente en el pasado e integrarlas al presente de una forma adaptativa. En el trastorno de estrés postraumático y en el DESNOS, encontramos una memoria fragmentada, con un alto nivel de activación psicofisiológica, una dificultad en regular los afectos y con los síntomas intrusivos y evitativos vinculados a las experiencias. El procedimiento de EMDR, consta de 8 fases y mostraremos su aplicación en la presentación de un caso clínico de Trastorno de Estrés Postraumático.

EMDR therapy is a model that is based on adaptive processing information (AIP). Desensitize addition, it is transformed memory affected by trauma, which experiences dysfunctional are definitely in the past to the present and integrate adaptive way. In posttraumatic stress disorder and in the DESNOS, found a fragmented memory, with a high level of activation psychophysiological a difficulty in regulating emotions and intrusive and avoidant symptoms linked to experiences. The EMDR procedure consists of eight phases and show its application in presenting a case of PTSD.

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

33. Lupo, W., Plans, B., & Seijo, N. (2010, Abril). Aplicación de EMDR en el tratamiento del Trauma (PTSD) [EMDR in the application of trauma treatment (PSTD)]. In EMDR: Un abordaje integral de la personalidad traumatizada (Francisca García Guerrero, Coordinadora). Simposio realizado en el Congreso Internacional sobre Avances en Tratamientos Psicológicos, Granada, Spain .

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

34. Hase, M. (2004, June). Application of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) on severe posttraumatic stress disorder following a single traumatic event in elderly psychiatric patients. In single trauma and grief (L. Cornil, Chair). Symposium conducted at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, Stockholm, Sweden .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Single traumatic events can lead to severe posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with serious effects on some and psyche as well as on social functioning. Often our focus in diagnostics is limited on obvious traumatic experiences according to the ICD-10 or DSM-IV criteria of what a traumatic event should be. But trauma can be variant or masked by somatic illness or comorbid psychiatric disorder. Beside the straightforward PTSD cases, the clinician should pay attention to comorbidity and the effect of dysfunctionally stored, incompletely processed information in a variety of patients. PTSD seems to be underdiagnosed in elderly patients. This paper, as part of the symposium on the treatment of single traumatic events using EMDR, has it foundation in clinical practice and gives evidence on the importance if diagnosing for PTSD and applying appropriate treatment especially EMDR, in the subgroup of elderly patients. Two case examples of PTSD following a single traumatic event in the course of depressive illness and the course somatic illness illustrate important principles and give evidence of the successful application of EMDR in the treatment of PTSD following a single traumatic event with elderly patients. The guidelines for good clinical practice in the treatment of PSTD following a single traumatic event regarding EMDR standard protocol and procedural rules will be outlines. In some respects EMDR treatment has to be adapted to the special demands of the elderly. Some ideas will be formulated and discussed. The aim of the presentation is to encourage the clinician in engaging in active treatment of the sequelae of single traumatic events in general and specially to apply EMDR with elderly patients, hereby stimulating research on the application of EMDR with the elderly, a hitherto often neglected subgroup of patients.

Keywords: Elderly Grief Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Single Trauma Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

35. Greenwald, R. (1994, Winter). Applying eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) to the treatment of traumatized children: Five case studies. Anxiety Disorders Practice Journal, 1(2), 83-97.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is a recently developed psychotherapy method that appears to increase efficiency in treating traumatized psychological disturbance. Applications to child treatment were explored in five case studies of children suffering from post-traumatic symptoms several months after Hurricane Andrew. Subjects were treated with one or two EMDR sessions, until Subjective Units of Disturbance (SUDS) went to 0. Follow-up parent interviews at one and four weeks post-treatment found all subjects returning to pre-trauma levels of functioning, with additional improvement in some cases. Further study is recommended. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Americans Females Hurricane Andrew (1992) Hurricanes Males School Age Children Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

36. Greenfield, R. (2010, October). The assessment and psychotherapy of a dissociateve adult man with complex PTSD. Presentation at the 27th Annual Meeting of the International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation, Atlanta, GA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This paper presents the assessment and four year psychotherapy of a Hispanic man with Complex PTSD and Dissociative Disorder NOS. The patient’s history of childhood sexual abuse caused significant disruptions in normative developmental processes causing what van der Kolk (2005) posits as a Developmental Trauma Disorder. Based on Shapiro’s (2001) adaptive information processing paradigm, the patient’s memories of extensive childhood sexual victimization became blocked from resolution from adaptive memory networks, becoming embedded in the emotional brain and activated by the 9/11 tragedy. This stimulated an array of PTSD and Dissociative symptomatology. In treatment he verbalized and chronicled his experiences of 9/11 and memories of severe childhood sexual abuse, establishing a narrative of victimization, helplessness, and confusion about his sexual orientation (Gardner, 1999). Furthermore, there were episodes of dissociation revealing the possibility of alters. Attempts to access adaptive networks using EMDR protocols were thwarted by intractable defenses. The patient’s desire to return to work was offset by his entitlement to Social Security Disability that was initially denied. Working through my concordant countertransference (Racker, 1968), I ultimately accepted his wish for SSD, which he obtained on appeal based upon my symptom-specific evaluation. The patient transferred to a clinic that accepted SSD.
Participants will be able to : ♦♦ identify the developmental derailing effects of childhood sexual abuse on normative developmental processes. ♦♦ assess how childhood trauma(s) that are repressed or dissociated are invoked by trauma(s) in adulthood through associative memory networks causing Complex PTSD. ♦♦ apply methods of working with patients dissociative defenses in psychotherapy.

Keywords: Case Study Developmental Trauma Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

37. Carter, A. (2007, June). Assessment and treatment of complex PTSD and dissociative disorders in childhood and adolescence, the role and use of EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Damage occurs to a child’s self in the context of relationship when raised in an environment of abuse and neglect. This damage to self is manifested through disruptions in development. A child or adolescent will be unable to perform tasks a non-traumatized child or adolescent has not difficulty mastering. These tasks may be physical, emotional, intellectual, sexual, social, or spiritual. When these disruptions become manifest in the environment with which the child or adolescent is interacting, home, school, or community, conflict arises. The conflict is both internal with self and external in relationship, behavioral, and biological. This is generally when a child or adolescent is brought into therapy for intervention Caregivers are not always aware of the impact traumatic events have on a child’s life or may not want to deal with the impact and the long term implications. The therapeutic relationship is a context outside of the system where the child was traumatized that provide the potential environment and relationship which can facilitate healing for the child, adolescent, and possible, the system in which they live.
Children and adolescents with a complex PTSD will often employ the use of dissociation as a way to cope with overwhelming events or chronically dysfunctional lifestyles. The degree and way in which the child dissociates to self regulate internal systems will determine behavioural and neurological trajectories in their life such as, how the child will cope, rupture of developmental task attainment, and it will determine what type of attachment process the child experiences. Also determined are: impulse control, sleep regulation, meta cognitive functioning, neurobiological processes and the integrative processes of self. When there is no therapeutic intervention, the self which emerges as a result of these processes is a “traumatic self” organization, that is a self structural in response to traumatic experience determined to avoid the repetition of the traumatic experience “at all costs.” The biological body that emerges is the traumatized body organized for avoidance in the forms of fighting, fleeing, or freezing and submitting.
The assessment phase of therapy will map for the therapist and client where the internal dysregulation occur, what are the maladaptive response which have been developed, and what the negative beliefs are which all contribute to the construction of the “traumatic self." There are a variety of assessment tools specifically designed for this purpose.
Once the map is established, a plan can be developed to use with children and adolescents and family for therapy and for EMDR. There are a variety of models which have been developed to use with children and adolescents to process bad memories, negative cognitions and to strengthen internal resources. EMDR can also be used to facilitate state change, strengthen self regulatory capacities, and promote integrative processes of authentic self, facilitating healing throughout self, body, and relational systems.

Keywords: Adolescents Children Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Complex PTSD C-PTSD Dissociative Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

38. Paulsen, S. (2012, October). Attachment repair and temporal integration: EMDR for early trauma. Presentation at the 29th annual meeting of the International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation, Long Beach, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Progress in neuroscience reveals that attachment learning, affect dysregulation, and traumatic experience are predominantly held in the right hemisphere (Schore, 2009). Therapists can access trauma and neglect held in the right hemisphere using EMDR, somatic awareness, imaginal excursions, and the therapists mirror neuronal experience. This workshop summarizes the Early Trauma approach of EMDR (O'Shea, 2009; and its variations for the dissociative client (Paulsen, in press). Of note is a new stabilization procedure that appears to work directly on the subcortical affective circuits (Panksepp, 1998). The Early Trauma approach to EMDR processes preverbal implicit memory in sequential time periods, while attending to the nuances of somatic and affective experience as they emerge both in the clients subjective report and in the relationship field. As the infants story is told with the deciphering of these nuances, the therapy repairs developmental milestones imaginally. This enables integration from the bottom up, by time frame, called Temporal Integration (Paulsen, 2009), which contrasts with Strategic and Tactical Integration. Preliminary clinical findings are that the procedure helps repair injuries of attachment, structural dissociation, affect dysregulation and personality. The workshop will interest both EMDR and non-EMDR practitioners because of its significant implications for theory and practice Learning Objectives: Participants will be able to list a modification of the ET procedure for dissociative clients for each of the four steps. Participants will be able to list the seven hardwired subcortical affective circuits described by Panksepp. Participants will be able to name four steps of the Early Trauma procedure for non-dissociative clients.

Keywords: Attachment Repair Early Trauma Temporal Integration

Accuracy Verified: Yes

39. Cummings, P. (2003, September). The attachment repair model (ARM). Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Assocation, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The Attachment Repair Model (ARM) is a loose and imaginal clinical structure to identify, activate, repair, and purge the negative experiences to one's neurological functioning. The importance of ego repair via integrative interventions takes priority over the purging of traumatic events. This presentation offers a paradigm shift in therapeutic goal setting from purging and desensitization of traumatic events to the integration of ego states. Within thc ARM, The Positive Parts and Hurting Parts (PP-HP) Meetings Protocol is an infrastructure of the ARM with sensory extension protocols to the basic EMDR Protocol. The established ethos within clinical practice to first purge negative emotion associated with trauma is upheld by the ARM, but as a second order priority. Participants will be challenged to think about their role as healers.

Keywords: ARM Attachment Repair Model Positive Parts and Hurting Parts (PP-HP) Meetings Protocol

Accuracy Verified: Yes

40. Cortés, C. (2012, June). Ayudando a desarrollar el sistema de procesamiento de la información para la reconstrucción del apego en niños adoptados [Helping to develop the adaptive information system for attachment reconstruction in adopted children]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR is based on the adaptive information system model. Humans have an inherent information processing system that generally processes the complex elements of an experience to an adaptive state. In other words, we have the innate capacity to resolve difficult emotional experiences and move forward in our lives. There are cases where, besides the trauma of abandonment and lack of attachment, there has been no early stimulation, mainly during the first year of life. Sometimes the emotional environment is so poor that results in insufficient attachment, and prevents the motivational system from becoming strong enough to push the baby to find and produce stimulation. Other times, the environment has been so negligent that has not provided the conditions for the baby to adequately cover this first sensory stimulation. Whether it is poor emotional environment or a negligent environment, or both at once, the result is that we find children who have not had the opportunity to generate enough neural connections or the quality required for the reptilian brain to mature. This phenomenon hinders the brain integration, both vertically and horizontally, and makes the processing of the adaptive information system difficult, if not impossible. Aiming to promote and foster the development of the adaptive information system, we have focused on a dual purpose: rebuilding attachment and ensuring the neurofunctional reorganization and development of the child at early stages. For this we rely on both; EMDR processing, as well as sensory integration and sensorimotor therapies, which promote the integration of primitive reflexes and the child´s development at early years. Given the baby's phylogenetic development and the ideal conditions for such development to occur, we try to generate the same conditions, with the aim to facilitate and complete part of the child's development that, so far, has not occurred yet. Therefore, the quality of attachment is what will define the self-‐regulation capacity and the child's motivational system. And in this sense, the neurofunctional organization and sensory integration will provide the child with the necessary resources to meet the challenges of both, development and growth, and the possibility to achieve success and thus to obtain the perception of efficiency. Both aspects, attachment and neurofunctional organization, are interwoven with each other and feed the adaptive information system. Through videos and clinical material, we show the evolution of adopted children with whom we have already intervened from this dual therapeutic point of view; generating a greater vertical and horizontal integration and a better attachment consolidation. Parents will play a key role in this intervention and we prepare them for it through both; psycho-‐education and EMDR. In this way, they can become proper therapeutic parents, capable to parenthesize their own children.

EMDR está basado en el modelo del sistema adaptativo del procesamiento de la información. El ser humano posee un sistema inherente de procesamiento de la información que normalmente procesa los elementos complejos de una experiencia en un sistema adaptativo. En otras palabras, tenemos una capacidad innata para resolver las experiencias emocionalmente difíciles y seguir adelante con nuestras vidas. Existen casos donde, tras el trauma de abandono y la falta de apego, no ha existido estimulación temprana, principalmente durante el primer año de vida. A menudo el ambiente emocional es tan pobre que da como resultado un apego insuficiente, e impide que el sistema emocional sea lo suficientemente fuerte para conseguir que el bebe encuentre y produzca estimulación. En otras ocasiones, el ambiente ha sido tan negligente que no proporciona las condiciones adecuadas para que el bebe cubra su primera estimulación sensorial. Ya sea por ambiente emocional pobre o un ambiente negligente, o bien ambos, el resultado es que encontramos niños que no tienen la oportunidad de generar conexiones neurales suficientes o de calidad requeridas por el cerebro reptiliano para madurar. Este fenómeno dificulta la integración del cerebro vertical y horizontalmente y hace que el sistema de procesamiento de la información sea deficitario, si no imposible. Con el objetivo de promover y fomentar el desarrollo del sistema adaptativo del procesamiento de la información, nos hemos centrado en un propósito dual: Reconstruir el apego y asegurarnos de reorganizar y desarrollar la neurofuncionalidad del niño en las etapas tempranas del niño. Para ello nos apoyamos en el procesamiento del EMDR, así como en las terapias de integración sensorial y sensoriomotoras, que fomentan la integración de los reflejos primitivos y el desarrollo del niño en las etapas tempranas. Dado el desarrollo filogenético del niño y las condiciones ideales para que dicho desarrollo ocurra, intentamos generar las mismas condiciones, con el objetivo de facilitar y completar parte del desarrollo del niño que hasta ahora, no ha ocurrido todavía. Por tanto, la calidad del apego es aquella que será definida por la capacidad de autorregulación y el sistema motivacional del niño. Y en este sentido, la organización neurofuncional y la integración sensorial promoverán en el niño los recursos necesarios para encontrarse con los retos de desarrollo y crecimiento y la posibilidad de conseguir el éxito en ambos, además de obtener la percepción de eficiencia. Ambos aspectos, apego y organización neurofuncional, están entrelazados y alimentan el sistema adaptativo del procesamiento de la información. A través videos y material clínico, mostramos la evolución de los niños adoptados los cuales ya han sido intervenidos desde esta perspectiva terapéutica dual; generando una gran integración vertical y horizontal y una mejora en la consolidación del apego. Los

Keywords: Adoptives

Accuracy Verified: Yes

41. Dale, S. (2010, April). Baby ache: Applications for EMDR in infertility, miscarriage, and perinatal loss. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR Canada, Toronto, Ontario.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Infertility, miscarriage, and perinatal loss can be among life’s most deeply painful experiences. Losses associated with these life events can be traumatic. For individuals and couples accessing fertility treatments, pre-existing trauma and phobias can complicate their efforts to achieve a successful pregnancy. This presentation outlines common emotional responses to infertility and reproductive loss. It reviews the role of EMDR in treatment of trauma and phobias and applies this knowledge to clients experiencing difficulty conceiving and/or maintaining a pregnancy. Case studies illustrate how EMDR has been used with this client group.

Keywords: Infertility Miscarriage Perinatal Loss

Accuracy Verified: Yes

42. Shapiro, F. (2012, January 27). Baby boomers and distant dads. Huffington Post. Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/francine-shapiro-phd/ptsd-veterans_b_1228542.html 1/27/2012.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
If we look carefully, we can see that many of these fathers displayed signs of what we know now is posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It didn't help that PTSD wasn't even listed as a diagnosis until 1980. But the fact that war experiences were common didn't make them any less impactful. From personal experience in treating veterans from World War II, the Korean War and Vietnam, it's clear that there is no difference in the pain and sorrow from those returning from Iraq and Afghanistan. So often their emotional burden is caused by the feelings that they were powerless to save someone. This can be even more devastating than being in danger yourself. Those who were support personnel often carry the same feelings of anger, guilt and lack of control. Who couldn't they save? [Excerpt]

Keywords: Blog Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Veterans War

Accuracy Verified: Yes

43. Zangwill, W. (1996, June). The basics and beyond: Conceptual issues and advances in using EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop is designed to review the basics of using EMDR and discuss the importance of developing a conceptual framework in which to view the patient and hidher life experiences.

Keywords: Conceptual Issues

Accuracy Verified: Yes

44. Sachsse, U., & Tumani, V. (1999, November). Be borderline! A successful inpatients’ treatment program for (type II) traumatized female patients with PTSD/DES/BPD and the symptom of self-mutilation. Presentation at the annual meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, Miami, FL.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Using therapeutic experiences from the USA (Herman, Putnam, Ross) and the Netherlands (Olthuis, van der Hart) Luise Reddemann (Bielefeld) and Ulrich Sachsse(Goettingen) developed an inpatients’ program for female and some male patients with symptoms, that result from type II traumata, fulfill the phenomenological criteria of BPD and are understood as chron. PTSD/DES. The program utilizes the coping strategies of the patients for stabilisation: splitting (building up an only good world of safety, support and shelter against the only bad, demonized world of trauma); derealisation, dissociation(imagery); depersonalisation (Qi Gong, Feldenkrais). We tell and teach our patients: Be Borderlines- but inside, not in your outer social life or your therapeutic relationship! Trauma-synthesis is done after stabilisation by trauma-exposition every two weeks (EMDR, screen-technique). The patients stay for 3-5 month, sometimes twice, with very good results.

Keywords: BPD Borderline Personality Disorder DES Females Inpatient Treatment Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PSTD Self-Mutiliation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

45. Kaplan, S., Wolper, B., Knipe, J., Gierasch, M., & Preston, J. (2006, September). Becoming an EMDRIA approved trainer. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Philadelphia, PA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The members of this panel will speak about their unique experiences in becoming Trainers of basic EMDR and their approaches to teaching basic EMDR to particular populations in particular settings: EMDR-HAP training, independent training, Medical University and University Graduate School settings, and the challenges and rewards of training. The panel will address the process and requirements for becoming an EMDRIA Approved Trainer and will describe the networking, sharing of resources, and support that are available for new, as well as for all, EMDRIA Approved Trainers.

Keywords: Approved Trainer

Accuracy Verified: Yes

46. Stofsel, M., & Mooren, T. (2012, March). Behandeling van complex trauma: EMDR en meer hoe geef je zo’n behandeling vorm, welke valkuilen kunnen er zijn, welke plek heeft EMDR en hoe bewaak je de rode lijn bij deze vaak langdurige behandelingen? [Treatment of complex trauma: EMDR and more how do you form such a treatment, what pitfalls may exist, which place has EMDR and how do you monitor the red line in these often long-term treatments?]. Presentatie op de 6e congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Arnhem, Nederland.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Behandeling van ‘Complex trauma’ is lastig, omdat er vaak op veel verschillende levensgebieden problemen zijn. Daarbij is er sprake van een opeenstapeling van traumatische ervaringen. Dit kan leiden tot een soort schrik of terughoudendheid bij behandelaren, om complex trauma adequaat aan te pakken. In deze workshop willen wij duidelijk maken dat complex trauma goed te behandelen is, mits men de ruimte heeft om een langere behandeling aan te gaan, een therapeutische relatie (met tegenoverdrachtelijke valkuilen) aan kan gaan met cliënten met een geschokt wantrouwen in hun medemens en men niet te snel terugschrikt en mits men goed overzicht houdt over het verloop van de behandeling. Wij presenteren een model dat richting geeft aan de behandeling van complex trauma. We gaan uit van het drie-fasen model (Herman, 1992) met stabilisatie, verwerking en integratie en vullen dit aan met handvatten voor praktisch gebruik. Dit model gebruiken we om op systematische wijze de verandermogelijkheden te kunnen bepalen bij complexe traumaproblematiek. We zullen uit elke fase een of meerdere technieken demonstreren en op een rijtje zetten hoe EMDR toegepast wordt bij de behandeling van j complexe traumaproblematiek.

Treatment of 'Complex trauma is difficult, because there are often many different areas of life problems. In addition, there is an accumulation of traumatic experiences. This can lead to a kind of fear or reluctance of clinicians to adequately handle complex trauma. In this workshop we want to make clear that complex trauma can be treated well, provided they have the space for a longer treatment to enter a therapeutic relationship (with counter-transference traps) to can deal with clients with a shaken confidence in their fellow man and one not afraid to quickly and if one does good overview over the course of treatment. We present a model that gives direction to the treatment of complex trauma. We assume the three-phase model (Herman, 1992) with stabilization, processing and integration and supplement this with handles for practical use. The model we use to systematically change the options to determine in complex trauma problems. We will phase out any one or more techniques and demonstrate how this straight EMDR is used in the treatment of complex trauma problems j.

Keywords: Complex Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

47. Landgrebe, B. (2005, Februr). Beiträge der fachtagung, diagnose, therapie und berufliche rehabilitation von jungen menschen mit traumen in der lebensgeschichte [Contributions to the symposium diagnosis, therapy and vocational rehabilitation of young people with trauma in the life history]. Berufsbildungswerk Abensberg, Deutschland.

Language: German

Format: Other

Abstract:
Bevor ich die Traumabehandlung und den Prozess der Traumabewältigung auf meiner Abteilung darstelle, möchte ich diese für die Behandlung so wesentlichen Differenzierungen etwas aufführen. Wir Menschen haben ein natürliches Verarbeitungssystem für traumatische Erfahrungen. Nicht jeder Traumatisierte entwickelt eine PTSD! (nur ca. 10 – 12 %). Bei der Entstehung und Aufrechterhaltung der Störung spielen neben dem traumatischen Ereignis auch psychologische, biologische und soziale Faktoren eine Rolle.

Before I describe the process of trauma care and trauma to my department, I would like to perform this treatment for something so essential distinctions. We humans have a natural system for processing traumatic experiences. not each developed a traumatized PTSD! (only about 10 - 12%). In the formation and maintenance the disorder play next to the traumatic event and psychological, biological and social factors play a role.

Keywords: Trauma Vocational Rehabilitation Young People

Accuracy Verified: Yes

48. Strauss, A. (2012, March 16). Better than therapy?. Harper's Bizarre. Retrieved from http://www.harpersbazaar.com/beauty/health-wellness-articles/emdr-psychotherapy-0312 on March 19, 2012.

Language: English

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
Finally, my therapist suggested that I try a form of psychotherapy called EMDR, or Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing. A bilateral stimulation therapy designed to unlock negative memories, feelings, and emotions, EMDR is a controversial technique involving lights, sounds, and tapping that purportedly helps the brain process traumatic experiences. This sounded like mumbo jumbo to me but I was desperate. I would have stripped naked and run down Fifth Avenue if you had told me it would help.

Keywords: General Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

49. Maxwell, E. (1994). Beyond deficiency motivation: EMDR, peak experiences, and transcendence. EMDR Network Newsletter, 4(1), 6.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
When I initially heard of EMDR, I was totally uninterested. I was happy with my repertoire of skills and simply could not be bothered. However, the reports of colleagues who had the training were so exceptional I thought it was time to have a look. I still was not prepared to waste my precious hours on a training, and my way around this was to experience EMDR myself. I had genuine difficulties isolating a problem since I was at a particularly fulfilling stage of my life; however, I finally settled on a minor irritation that I was having with one of my clients. That session, plus two others, moved me very rapidly to a decision to move into private practice, to implementing that decision, and to currently experiencing a life of ease, gentle pacing, and tranquility that I had no previous vision of being possible. In fact, there has been a total life style transformation. I now work only three days a week, have time to follow the joyous explorations of my toddler for hours, am writing a novel, and am experiencing considerable relaxation of the Puritan work ethic. The starting point had been a life style I had previously perceived as fulfilling and perfectly for me.

Keywords: General Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

50. Parnell, L. A. (1997, July). Beyond recovery: EMDR & transpersonal experiences. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Francisco, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Transpersonal

Accuracy Verified: Yes

51. Zangwill, W. (1995, June). Beyond the basics: Conceptual issues and advances in using EMDR. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop is designed for those comfortable with the basics of using EMDR. We shall discusses the importance of developing a conceptual framework in which to view the patient and his/her life experiences. Though any framework could potentially be used, the one we shall use is that of Jefiey Young's Schema-Focused Cognitive therapy. This workshop is too brief to go deeply into Jeff's work so let me give you some references. (Books: 1)Cognitive Therapy for Personality Disorders: A Schema Focused Appoach, Professional Resource Exchange, Sarasota, F1, (813) 366-7913 Or 2) Reinventing Your Life, Young and Klosko. Jeff can be reached at the CTC of NY (212) 717-1052). I would like to begin by presenting an overview of how I see the case conceptualization enhancing the effectiveness of EMDR. Next I want to present a case illustrating the points I am going to make. Then, for the remaining two thirds of the presentation, I would like us to share our experiences of cases using either this or your own framework. Why conceptualize the case? Why not just treat the trauma directly? Because I assume that it is the interaction of the events a person has experienced and the way in which they have interpreted, experienced and stored them that is most important in determining the amount and kind of pain that remains. If you took a group of 100 people who had been in serious accidents, were assaulted, etc. They will not all respond the same to the experience. Thus, I think that it is vitally important to "map" each patient's own idiosyncratic set of vulnerabilities, his/her schemas or life themes. One of the ways I do that is by attempting to combine all of the information that I obtain in the first few sessions. This would include history taking, any paper and pencil measures I use, e.g., Lazarus' Multimodal Life History Questionnaire (Research Press, Champagne, IL.); Young's Schema Questionnaire (Jeffrey Young, Cognitive Therapy Center of New York), and my experience of the client in session. My assumption is that we all have specific vulnerabilities. In Young's system such issues as Emotional Deprivation - the feeling that we shall never receive the kind of caring we need - Abandonment, Mistrust/Abuse, Defectives, Vulnerability, Subjugation, Entitlement, etc., are assumed to be organizing themes around which memories and experiences are stored. (Use 'Types of Fruit' metaphor here.) Once you have identified these underlying vulnerabilities and life themes, educating patients as to the role of these early maladaptive schemas in their present life difficulties is quite usefull in a variety of ways. First, is its explanatory power. One of the problems clients often present is the pain of the event itself their subsequent reactions. How many of us have heard from our clients variations on the theme of "What's wrong with me that this is still bothering me? It happened years ago; how come I'm still overreacting?" Explaining that often the event was/is so painful because it taps into a whole series of memories (the childhood file folders that Francine talks about in Level I), frequently increases clients' ability to understand their emotional reactions and reduces their tendency to blame themselves. Second, it alerts you and the client to look for other examples in the past that might be thematically connected and to be aware of situations in the future that might be troublesome. For example, imagine a client who suffered a tremendous loss as a chlld through the death of a parent, divorce, etc. Through your interviews and data collection, you realize that the issue of abandonment is a very pow& for them. Naturally, you would want to use EMDR to clean out any past experiences connected to abandonment. However, you should anticipate that situations involving future separation will need to be addressed. How will they react when their spouse goes on a business trip? The conceptualization around this theme alerts you and the client to be aware of these issues. Also, it can be very helpfull in your couples work. Take the example of the spouse that gets upset about over his wife's upcoming business trip. (Knowing that sometimes the upset shows itself prior to the trip and sometimes it is only after they return that the spouse feels punished). Without knowledge of these underlying schemas and life themes, the wife might interpret the husband's upset as a result of jealousy at her success, fear of her growth, and as being a part of his controlling nature. With these interpretations, her anger and frustration would be understandable. How differently might she respond if she saw his difficulty in her leaving as reflecting his fear of losing her and being abandoned once again. Might this interpretation allow both of them to respond in ways helpful to the relationship? With this brief background, let me present a case and show you how these issues fit together and how by conceptualizing the case accurately I was able to provide better treatment. After if I finish this presentation, I want to open the floor to your comments and questions. I would then like to propose that we take the remaining time for you to present your own cases that illustrate either the usefulness of the conceptualization you did or the problems you ran into when you didn't. Case # 1 Case discussion. Case presentations and discussion by participants.

Keywords: Conceptual Issues

Accuracy Verified: Yes

52. van der Kolk, B. A. (2002). Beyond the talking cure: Somatic experience and subcortical imprints in the treatment of trauma. In F. Shapiro (Ed.), EMDR as an integrative psychotherapy approach: Experts of diverse orientations explore the paradigm prism (1st ed.) (pp. 57-83). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Subcortical nature of traumatic memories (Freud and trauma; the processing of experience); Trauma and physical sensations (the neurobiology of trauma; the tyranny of language); Clinical dilemmas for therapists of patients who have been traumatized (the therapeutic challenge; top-down versus bottom-up emotional processing); Learning about EMDR; Further experiences with EMDR; Integrative capacity of EMDR: transcript of one session; EMDR and the transformation of experience; What does EMDR do? [Pilots]

Keywords: Adults Cognitive Processes Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes Stressors Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

53. Laliotis, D. (2010, March). Beyond trauma: Part I and II - EMDR as a broad-based psychotherapy. Presentation at the Psychotherapy Networker Symposium, Washington, DC.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
While EMDR is widely used as a highly effective treatment for PTSD based on neutralizing past memories of trauma, few therapists recognize how powerful a tool it can be in helping clients reprocess difficult experiences - traumatic or not - that impede their client's ability to move forward with their lives. In this workshop, you'll be introduced to an eight-phase information-processing model of EMDR for helping clients identify and reprocess significant childhood experiences and chronic patterns or themes that shadow their lives, hinder their emotional growth, and limit their ability to fully express their own identity. You'll learn a practical clinical procedure for identifying the predominant themes in clients' lives that underlie their current difficulties and freeing the, from attitudes that limits a fuller, more flexible experience of self.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

54. Laliotis, D. (2008, December). Beyond trauma: EMDR for everyday issues. Presentation at the National Institute for the Clinical Application of Behavioral Medicine Annual Conference, Hilton Head, SC.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Twenty years ago, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) began as a clinical technique used to help clients reprocess major traumatic experiences. Since then, EMDR has developed into a comprehensive psychotherapy approach which is also being used to treat low self-esteem, relationship difficulties, and performance issues not connected to major trauma but rather to early experiences that have not been adequately processed and integrated by the brain. This workshop is an introduction to the Eight-Phase Model of EMDR with an emphasis on how these early memories are powerful contributors to a person's current difficulties. Participants will learn through direct experience how present triggers can activate these earlier associations that inform our feelings, thoughts and behaviors. Through lecture, discussion, and videotape of actual cases, participants will gain an appreciation of EMDR as a comprehensive treatment approach and learn how it can be applied to a broad range of clinical issues with lasting results.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

55. Laliotis, D. (2010, April/May). Beyond trauma: Rebuilding the self with EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR Canada, Toronto, Ontario.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Clients who present with life-long relationship problems and serious self-esteem issues often have pervasive developmental deficits that manifest as attachment and/or character disorders. While EMDR is an efficient treatment, addressing the early life experiences that contribute to a client’s ongoing difficulties is more than just reprocessing the nodal events of childhood; it is about generating corrective experiences of self in relationship with others. Participants will learn how to use EMDR to facilitate the uncoupling of negative core beliefs and core affects from positive, more adaptive aspects of self that have been depressed, dissociated, or otherwise undeveloped. To this end, clinicians will learn how to actively utilize the client’s emergent experience of self within the context of EMDR processing using an expanded repertoire of cognitive interweave strategies. Materials will be presented through lecture and videotape of actual continuous clinical cases as well as a large group discussion format in which participants will be able to discuss their own cases with the presenter. (All Levels)

Keywords: Rebuilding Self

Accuracy Verified: Yes

56. Cotraccia, T. (2010, September/October). Bio-psychosocial adaptive information processing. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR International Association, Minneapolis, MN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The role of neurobiological structures in Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) is becoming more understood. This workshop considers specific psychological and social components of the AIP model. Attunement and internal working models of self and world are suggested as additional components of a systemic AIP model. The psychotherapy relationship is conceptualized as a dynamic feedback system modeled after a securely attached caregiver-child dyad. This workshop draws from affective neuroscience, information theory, philosophy of mind and general systems theory to consider how components interact at multiple levels to resolve disturbing life experiences and enhance bio-psychosocial functioning. The additions to the model will be used to highlight clinical phenomenon relevant to EMDR practice.

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP

Accuracy Verified: Yes

57. Anchisi, R., Guzzi, R., Fernandez, I., Giannantonio, M., & Ziveri, D. (2001, October). Biofeedback measures in EMDR treatment. In Collegium Internationale Activitatis Nervosae Superioris; International Association for Integrative Nervous Functions, Neurobiology of behaviour and Psychosomatics, (pp 141-148). Palermo, Italy.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
We compared the pre and post therapeutic treatment data using standard EMDR, using a lool such as biofeedback, capable of measuring certain physiologcail parameters in an objective way. The goal was to check variations in the physiological indices and subjective evaluations of well being and discomfort in the subjects. Some psychotherapists will select subjects using an initial telephone screening followed by a battery of suitable tests. Using such tools, subjects affected by PTSD without comorbidity will be chosen. Independent assessors will evaluate them again after six weeks (blind design). After this assessment, subjective data will be collected using the SUD scale and objective data will be collected using the SPR, Thermo, Heart Rate, EMG of the biofeedback channels. After exposure the subjects will be randomly assigned to an experimenta1 group, they will be going to meet in six sessions using the EMDR standard protocol and carried out by therapits recognized by the Association EMDR Italy; the other half of the sample will represent the control group in a waiting list. Once more, all the subjects will be exposed to the trauma, this time listening to the recording of their description of the traumatic event. The SUD and biofeedback values will be then measured again. The comparison of the data of the SUD scale with the data of the biofeedback channels, in particular the SPR channel, plus the evaluation of the group of independent clinicians using the above-mentioned tests, will provide the co-ordinates for an evaluation (both subjetive and physiological) of the clinical results of the EMDR therapy.

Keywords: Biofeedback Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

58. Klaus, P. (2005, June). Birth trauma - Causes, effects, methods to heal: An EMDR approach. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Brussels, Belgium.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Events at birth are traumatic and create feelings of powerlessness when they are actually or appear life-threatening to self or loved ones, are sudden, change quickly from "normal" to dangerous without explanation, and when the situation appears overwhelming. There is no time to prepare, no way to plan an escape or to prevent something from happening. A number of events during labor or birth such as unplanned interventions, serious problems in the mother, physical damage, a sick infant, and separation from the baby can be classified as traumatic. Major trauma for a woman occurs in childbirth when she has inordinate fear and is in a situation where she has no control. Other aspects of trauma are more subjective and relate to how a woman is treated and how she perceives the experience, often causing humiliation and stigma. Trauma during the prenatal period can affect the parents' perception of the baby, their own self-concept, their relationship, and can impair bonding and attachment. Early trauma can have both immediate and long-range effects on the parents and the infant and may create later in the adult psychological and somatic conditions and a negative self-concept. Equally important is the history the parents bring to this event as well as the quality of their relationship. Birth is a magnet for unresolved issues to emerge. Clinicians will learn about the causes and effects of these early traumas as well as methods, including EMDR to uncover, resolve, and heal them.

Keywords: Birth Defects

Accuracy Verified: Yes

59. Klaus, P. (2007, June). Birth trauma: Causes, effects, methods to heal with EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Clinicians will gain an understanding of the types of events that create psychological and physiological distress and trauma both at birth and afterward. Many conditions have their origin during this early period where generational messages as well as traumatic events surrounding birth and the early period of life can have negative effects. Participants will learn methods to work within the infant mind/body memory to retrieve early trauma and the subsequent events that reinforced it as well as facilitate healing through the life path of the individual. Clinicians can benefit by recognizing the elements that influence these situations, and with EMDR and other adjunctive techniques learn to resolve these very early experiences to help clients reach a higher level of adaptation for health. Objectives: 1.Identify the characteristics of traumatic or negative birth experiences. 2.Recognize the risk factors that affect the birth and can be projected onto the infant. 3.Identify the effects of early trauma on parent-infant relationships, bonding, the marital relationship, and on the infant. 4.Learn about long-term psychological and somatic sequelae of perinatal trauma on the adult individual. 5.Describe, demonstrate, and practice psychotherapeutic methods with EMDR to help resolve and heal these experiences.

Keywords: Birth Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

60. van der Kolk, B. A. (1994, January). The body keeps the score: Memory and the evolving psychobiology of posttraumatic stress. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 1(5), 253-265. doi:10.3109/10673229409017088.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Ever since people's responses to overwhelming experiences have been systematically explored, researchers have noted that a trauma is stored in somatic memory and expressed as changes in the biological stress response. Intense emotions at the time of the trauma initiate the long-term conditional responses to reminders of the event, which are associated both with chronic alterations in the physiological stress response and with the amnesias and hypermnesias characteristic of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Continued physiological hyperarousal and altered stress hormone secretion affect the ongoing evaluation of sensory stimuli as well. Although memory is ordinarily an active and constructive process, in PTSD failure of declarative memory may lead to organization of the trauma on a somatosensory level (as visual images or physical sensations) that is relatively impervious to change. The inability of people with PTSD to integrate traumatic experiences and their tendency, instead, to continuously relieve the past are mirrored physiologically and hormonally in the misinterpretation of innocuous stimuli as potential threats. Animal research suggests that intense emotional memories are processed outside of the hippocampally mediated memory system and are difficult to extinguish. Cortical activity can inhibit the expression of these subcortically based emotional memories. The effectiveness of this inhibition depends, in part, on physiological arousal and neurohormonal activity. These formulations have implications for both the psychotherapy and the pharmacotherapy of PTSD.[MLM MEDLINE]

Keywords: Neurobiology Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Practice PTSD Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

61. Korman, S. (2007, June). Body-based interventions for self-reguation and resourcing in the treatment of complex trauma. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In the clinical treatment of complex trauma, it is important to evaluate a patient’s readiness for trauma processing. This includes recognizing a clinical presentation of complex trauma and an understanding of it etiology. Additionally, it is imperative to understand the effects of trauma on the body system. Pre-mature trauma processing can serve to symptomatically worsen a pervasive pattern of systemic dysregulation. Prior to successful trauma processing, a patient must be able to maintain dual attention, regulate their affect, and tolerate the experience of affective state change. Body-based resourcing and regulatory skills can be utilized by the clinician to increase a patient’s ability to tolerate and more fully integrate pre-frontal lobe cognitive activity with the emotional and sensory experiences resultant of trauma. Strategies from many modalities, such as Dialectic Behavior Therapy, Mindfulness Practices and EMDR Resourcing can be taught to and practiced by the client in preparation for successful regulated integration of traumatic memory.

Keywords: Complex PSTD Creativity Mind/Body Resourcing Self Regulation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

62. Klaff, F. (2012, October). Bonding the pieces: Treating children unglued by family disruptions - An integrated EMDR-family systems approach. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Arlington, VA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Major family structural changes, as in divorce and adoption, impact children’s adjustment. Integrating neuroscience research, the AIP-EMDR model and family systems theory, a comprehensive therapeutic approach facilitates treatment of the child’s whole experience. Videotaped case material demonstrates effectiveness of the EMDR treatment component, addressing interpersonal and intrapersonal experiences for adopted brothers Antwon, 4 and Tony,7, exposed to past poverty, drugs,abuse and murder; and Gina, 8, impacted by divorce, current family instability, alcoholism,and other unrevealed ghosts. These children are representative of the complex cases therapists must deconstruct, with sometimes disturbing or complicating revelations emerging as treatment progresses.

Keywords: Children Family Systems Approach

Accuracy Verified: Yes

63. Pagani, M., Salmaso, D., Looi, J., & Hogberg, G. (2008, June). Brain functional and volumetric analyses post traumatic stress disorder treated by EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Neuro-imaging investigations in PTSD have reported findings for either functional or structural modifications. Only two studies have investigated the changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) following EMDR therapy and one single-patient study recently reported EMDR-related structural changes. The aim of this study was to analyse the structural and functional changes occurring in brain regions implicated in the patho-physiology of PTSD along with the impact on CBF and volumetric data after EMDR treatment. Thirty six train drivers having being exposed to traumatic experiences at work were assigned to different two groups: symptomatic (S, n=17) or nonsymptomatic (NS, n=19), according to PTSD diagnosis. SPECT, following administration of an individualised 35 trauma script, and MRI were performed and EMDR therapy was administered to S. According to EMDR outcome S were further subdivided in responders (R, n=11) and non-responders (NS, n=5). One patient was not treated. CBF and volumetric analyses were performed on temporal lobes, hippocampi and nuclei caudati. ANOVA showed a significantly higher CBF distribution in the left temporal lobe of S as compared to NS and the right nc.caudatus was significantly larger in S. The R group had larger hippocampi and nc.caudati as compared to NR and the size of hippocampi correctly identified 81% of R and NR. The increased left temporal lobe CBF distribution among symptomatic PTSD subjects may reflect the affective significance of higher effort in emotional episodic memory stimulation among symptomatic individuals. Hippocampi volume as measured before EMDR was shown to predict with high accuracy the therapy outcome.

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PSTD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

64. Haour, F. (2009, June). Brain source imaging of the alpha rhythm in PTSD patients using the MEG technique. In K. Zaal (Chair), Research). Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In anxiety disorders, such as PTSD, brain imaging has demonstrated local modifications of functional activities using various techniques. In the present study the direct neuronal activities were measured in delta, theta and beta frequencies, using Magnetoencephalagraphy (MEG) which provides very fast temporal response. The technique is neither invasive nor stressful for the patients. Nineteen female volunteers with DSM-IV PTSD were included in the study. The protocol was a script-driven imagery provocation test, achieved with the patients sitting in the MEG apparatus. The scenarios, specific for ach patient, were composed of 4 active conditions: neutral image (N) traumatic memory (T), traumatic memory suppression (TS) and positive image (P) corresponding to 3 minutes where the patient had to imagine the corresponding sequence with eyes closed Measures of heat rate and subjective disturbance (SUD) were measured during the recoding. The MEG data were analysed in the source domain using a spatial filtering approach. Measurement of electrophysiological waves of various rhythms: delta: 1-4 Hetz (Hz), theta: 4.8-5.8 Hz, alpha: 8-12 Hz and beta: 12-25 Hz was obtained. Anatomical information was from MRI imaging. Signal of activation during trauma recall (T-N) were limited to the delta and theta waves and mainly found in the left hemisphere (visual, orbitofrontal and dorsolateral prefrontal and temporal gyrus (BA 8-9-10-11, 18-19, 22, 28) and in the right supra marginal gyrus (Wernicke BA 40). Signal of inhibition during trauma recall (T-N) were found mainly in the left hemisphere, in the delta, alpha and beta waves (visual, orbitofrontal, dorsolateral prefrontal and temporal gyrus (BA 8-9-10-11, 18-18, 22, 28), cingular cortex (BA 23-24, 31, 32), insula (BA 13) and Broca visual cortex (BA 18-19, 43-44). In conclusion trauma recall mainly induces a hypoactivation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and in the cingular cortices, structures linked to the experience and regulation of emotions.

Keywords: Alpha Rhythm Brain Imaging MEG Technique Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Research Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

65. Haour, F. (2010, June). Brain source imaging using magnetoencephalography (MEG): Modifications in various rhythms during memory recall, in PTSD patients. In Research. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Magnetoencephalography MEG Memory Recall Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Research Rhythms Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

66. Hettiarachchi, M. (2007). Brief intervention for post traumatic stress disorder with combined use of cognitive behaviour therapy and eye movement desensitisation reprocessing. Australian e-Journal for the Advancement of Mental Health, 6(1), 1-5.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This case study is of a 23 year old female diagnosed with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Sri Lanka, six months following the Asian Tsunami of December 2004. The intervention was conducted in a village clinic on the southern coast of the country. Treatment involved the use of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and Eye Movement Desensitisation Reprocessing (EMDR). The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) was used to monitor levels of anxiety. The Impact of Event Scale (IES) was administered to assess level of intrusion and avoidance (Horowitz, Wilner & Alvarez, 1979). Subjective Units of Distress Scores (SUDS) were obtained to assess level of distress and the Validity of Cognition Scale (VOC) used to assess accuracy of positive beliefs (Shapiro, 2001). A significant reduction in trauma symptoms, levels of distress, intrusion and avoidance were noted at post-treatment. Treatment gains were maintained at one month and nine month follow-up. The combined treatment protocol may be an effective brief intervention to use in situations that require rapid treatments to alleviate personal psychological distress in the aftermath of large scale disasters.

Keywords: Asian Tsunami Brief Intervention Clinical Case Study Cognitive Behavior Therapy Cognitive Therapy Emotional Trauma Natural Disasters Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

67. Lopacka, J., & Phoeun, B. (2010, July). Building on experience: Post-typhoon trauma EMDR work in Cambodia utilising the lessons learned from Thailand's post-tsuname programme. Symposium (Carolyn L. Neunuebel, Chair) conducted at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
On September 26th 2009 Typhoon Ketsana wrought devastation on parts of the Philippines, Vietnam and Cambodia. Mindful of the hard lessons learned running a tsunami trauma programme in Thailand in 2005/06 Jane Lopacka, an EMDR therapist and training facilitator and director of Phnom Penh Counselling Centre, led and supervised a team of Cambodian MA in Clinical Psychology students who were trained in Part 1 EMDR to provide EMDR treatment to Ketsana victims. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the scope, assessment methods, treatment programme, constraints, financial issues, and challenges of the programme whilst utilising the lessons learned from Thailand’s Tsunami EMDR trauma programme. The results regarding the efficacy of EMDR in a Cambodian context will be examined using pre and post treatment data. The results include a comparison of 4 months post-treatment evaluation compared to an assessment of an equivalent random number of Ketsana victims from the same and neighbouring villages who did not receive treatment (to be completed in June 2010 as the farming season dictates). This paper will also demonstrate the utilisation of the lessons learned from Thailand’s Tsunami EMDR programme in a typhoon trauma treatment programme in Cambodia. Also, this being the students’ first exposure to trauma work using EMDR, this paper will record the experiences of the students involved. By way of conclusion this paper will identify further lessons learned in Cambodia along with recommendations regarding future feasible and manageable post-trauma work with limited resources and a small budget in a Southeast context.

Keywords: Cambodia Thailand Tsunami Typhoon

Accuracy Verified: Yes

68. Staff. (2006, July 24). Business snapshots column. Butte, MT: The Montana Standard.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
EMDR is an adaptive information processing treatment model that uses dual attention through bilateral stimulation to help resolve traumatic and distressing emotional experiences.

Keywords: Butte General Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

69. Waters, F. S., Potgieter, R., & Yehuda, N. (2011, November). But they are too young to be traumatized!. Presentation at the 28th annual meeting of the International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation, Montreal, Quebec.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
All too often it is assumed that infants or young children are too young to remember frightening, painful, and confusing experiences, and therefore will not suffer harm because they are too young to be traumatized. Clinical experience; however, as well as research on neurobiology of trauma, child development, and attachment, tell a different story. While very often not verbalized, overwhelming early experiences are nonetheless remembered implicitly. As such they tend to find expression in a myriad of debilitating emotional and somatic symptoms across a persons life span; even into adulthood. Understanding how early trauma can affect the child developmentally, and how it might be expressed, is crucial not only to clinicians treating children but also to those working with adults. It is through understanding early traumatic markers and the subtle, often coded signs, sometimes rooted as far back as infancy, that one can begin the process of untangling these symptoms and freeing the individual from a lifetime of pain, suffering, and failed relationships. This workshop will examine the types of early traumamedical, severe neglect, all forms of abuse, disrupted attachmentand how these traumatic experiences impact the young child from birth to five years. The signs and symptoms of traumatized and dissociative children, as well as available research on the topic will be described, along with case examples. The need for careful interpretation of often convoluted and subtle symptoms will be explained. Accurate interpretation of a childs presentation relies on understanding the neurobiology of trauma and dissociation. That, as well as understanding the impact on child development and attachment is crucial for effective intervention. Strategies such as Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) and involvement of caregivers in the therapy will be described. Videoed sessions and artwork describing the young traumatized child's inner world and recovery process will augment the presentation.

Keywords: Children Infants

Accuracy Verified: Yes

70. Sabey, A. (2001, May). Can EMDR be used within a client-centred (non-directive) play therapy sessions?. Poster presented at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, London, UK .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The purpose of this exploratory study was to see whether EMDR could he incorporated into a Client-Centred model of Play Therapy, to enable children and adolescents to more rapidly process traumatic memories, thereby enhancing the therapeutic process. The Client-Centred (non-directive) Play Therapy model is now well recognised as a way of helping children and adolescents who have experienced psychological trauma to work through their experiences in a way that is both empowering and non-threatening. It is based on Rogerian principles (Rogers 1951), with the philosophy that given the right therapeutic conditions the children, like adults, have an innate drive towards health. The child leads the way, and the therapist follows. I have struggled to see how EMDR can fit comfortably within a client-centered play therapy model, although I recognise that Shapiro describes the model as client-centred. To test a hypothesis that EMDR could be integrated into a client-centred play therapy approach, three children were identified. All 3 were waiting for some regular weekly client-centred play therapy sessions, within the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service, in West Yorkshire. The subject of the study were two girls, one aged 8 years old and the other aged 14 years with a mild learning disability, and a boy who was 13 years old. All three had experienced complex psychological trauma including sexual abuse. My dilemma was whether it was in fact possible to introduce EMDR within the sessions, and if so, how to do this in a way that enhanced the therapeutic process and did not intrude. The sessions were set up introducing the EMDR protocol alongside setting up the client-centred play therapy sessions. Each child was offered 10-12 weekly sessions. In this presentation I will summarise my findings and hope to show how possible ways the two approaches can be integrated.

Keywords: Children Play Therapy Poster

Accuracy Verified: Yes

71. Shapiro, F. (2012). Can you benefit from EMDR therapy?. Psych Central. Retrieved from http://psychcentral.com/lib/2012/can-you-benefit-from-emdr-therapy/ on 4/18/2012.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
That’s where EMDR therapy can help. While EMDR cannot remove a problem caused by genetics or organic injury, the research indicates that even in these cases negative life experiences can exacerbate problems. When a person is held back from doing things he or she would like to do by feelings of insecurity, anxiety, fear, or unremitting sadness, or is pushed into doing things that are not useful — such as overreacting to people or situations — the reason can generally be found in the memory networks. Many times the problems are unprocessed memories from the past that are poisoning the present.

Keywords: General Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

72. Knox, K. (2002, Spring). Case application of EMDR in trauma work. Brief Treatment & Crisis Intervention, 2(1), 49-53.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This article presents a case application applying Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) in trauma work. An overview of the theoretical model will be presented, and examples from a hypothetical case will illustrate how this approach can be effective in minimizing the maladaptive and negative reactions from recent trauma experiences such as the World Trade Center mass murders of September 11, 2001.

Keywords: Emotional Trauma Empirical Study Grief Grief Work Model Nonclinical Case Study Rapid Eye Movement Stress Reactions Terrorism Trauma World Trade Center

Accuracy Verified: Yes

73. Hornsveld, H. K., & Berendsen, S. A. (2009). Casusboek EMDR, 25 voorbeelden uit de praktijk [EMDR book case, 25 examples from practice]. Uitgeverij, Belgium: Bohn Stafleu Van Loghum.

Language: Dutch

Format: Book

Abstract:
Ongeveer twintig jaar geleden, werd EMDR (Eye Movement Desensibilisatie and Reprocessing) ontwikkeld als een vorm van Post Traumatische Stress Stoornissen (PTSS). Na aanvankelijke scepsis is opgenomen in EMDR (inter) nationale richtlijnen voor de behandeling van PTSS en is ook in vele andere klachten van de aanvragen. In zaak Boek EMDR therapeuten beschrijven 25 Nederlandse aansprekende voorbeelden uit hun praktijk die ze met succes gebruikt EMDR. Zo geven ze de lezer een kijkje in de keuken van hun praktijk en neemt een deel van het mysterie rond deze behandeling optie weg. De ervaringen van de cliënten beschreven tonen niet alleen de effectiviteit van EMDR, maar ook de efficiëntie van deze vorm van therapie.

Approximately twenty years ago, EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing) was developed as a form of Post Traumatic Stress Disorders (PTSD). After initial skepticism has been included in EMDR (inter) national guidelines for the treatment of PTSD and is also in many other complaints of applications. In Case Book EMDR therapists describe 25 Dutch appealing examples from their practice which they successfully used EMDR. Thus they give the reader a glimpse into the kitchen of their practice and take some of the mystery surrounding this treatment option away. The experiences of the clients described not only show the effectiveness of EMDR, but also the efficiency of this form of therapy.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

74. Burns, M. (2009, March). The challenges of using EMDR with refugee and asylum seeking children/adolescents. Symposium conducted the 7th annual Conference of the EMDR UK & Ireland Association, Manchester, UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This paper discusses the use of EMDR with refugee and asylum seeking children and adolescents using clinical case examples and shares the clinician’s own personal reflections on the lessons learned. The challenges of working with this group are explored drawing on research findings as well as the clinician’s experiences. Language and cultural differences can act as barriers to assessing children’s mental health or their suitability for EMDR even though in some cases it might be thought of as the treatment of choice. Working with Interpreters is often a key feature of this therapeutic work. The challenges are discussed with direct reference to The British Psychology Society’s recently published guidelines. There are ongoing stresses for these children and young people associated with displacement and their current situation in the UK. These stresses contribute to their psychological distress. Fear of being sent home or mistrust may also prevent them from providing full and accurate information hindering the clinician from obtaining an accurate assessment or trauma history. The importance of good therapeutic skills as the basis of an EMDR Approach is highlighted drawing upon a host of interventions (behavioural, physical, cognitive and motivational) to support clients in building up their own resources so that they can manage their distress between sessions. The therapist’s role in managing expressed emotions within the sessions is examined, not forgetting the impact of this on the therapist.

Keywords: Adolescents Asylum Children Refugees Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

75. Laliotis, D. (2011, March). Changing the narrative: Part 1 & part 2 - The psychotherhapy of EMDR. Presentation at the Psychotherapy Networker Symposium, Washington, DC.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
While EMDR has become known as a highly effective psychotherapy approach for neutralizing traumatic memories, it's evolded into a comprehensive and powerful therapy that goes well beyond helping clients reprocess negative experiences to transforming the way they feel about themselves and their lives. In this workhop, you'll be introduced to the eight-phase information-processing model of EMDR, which helps clients identify and reprocess experiences that have shaped their sense of self and view of the world, limiting their capacity to live an authentic life. You'll learn how EMDR can be used to work with core themses and experiences underlying people's current life difficulties, freeing them to fully realize their own identity, change the narrative of their lives, and experience a fuller, more flexible and expansive, sense of self.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

76. Litt, B. (2007). The child as identified patient: Integrating contextual therapy and EMDR. In F. Shaprio, F. W. Kaslow, & L. Maxfield (Eds.), Handbook of EMDR and family therapy processes (pp. 306-324). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
It is estimated that as many as 2% of children under age 12 and from 5% to 18% of adolescents suffer from a depressive disorder (Birmaher et al., 1996; Northey, Wells, Silverman, & Bailey, 2003) that will likely persist into adulthood (Northey et al., 2003; Wagner & Ambrosini, 2001). Contextual Therapy is a differentiation-based (e.g., Kerr & Bowen, 1988; Schnarch, 1991) approach in that it promotes self-determination in the face of family pressure for compliance, reliance on internal resources for self-validation rather than dependence on others for approval, and the overcoming of emotional discomfort in the interests of responsible action (Boszormenyi-Nagy & Krasner, 1986). Both the contextual approach and the Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) model predict that formative childhood experiences affect both psychological health and relational functioning. With its systemic paradigm and its ethical dimension of relationship, the contextual approach is complementary and additive to Shapiro's (2001) AIP model. The contextual approach shows the clinician where to look for the targets, and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) provides the potency to transform the experience. A general structure of phase-oriented therapy can be described that accounts for most, if not all, referrals for treatment. An assessment phase, a contracting phase, and an intervention phase characterize the main tasks of the therapist. In practice, these phases may overlap, coincide, or repeat themselves over the course of minutes, weeks, or months. This chapter describes only those practices that are unique to the integrated approach. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing Model Affective Disorders Child Patients Contextual Therapy Depressive Disorder Integrated Approach Integrative Psychotherapy Major Depression Models

Accuracy Verified: Yes

77. Monahan, K., & Forgash, C. (2012, March). Childhood sexual abuse and adult physical and dental health outcomes. In E. A. Kalfoğlu & R. Faikoglu (Eds.), Sexual Abuse - Breaking the Silence (pp. 137-152). Intechopen.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Along the same lines, evidence-based assessment and interventions must be in line with the finding of how significant the subjective impressions of sexual assault are for incarcerated older adults in treatment. A promising intervention that is being piloted in the criminal justice system with younger age groups is Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). EMDR specifically targets change in subjective units of distress among trauma survivors, particularly sexual abuse survivors, which in turn reduces post traumatic stress symptoms (Kitchiner, 2000). Moreover, previous research with incarcerated juvenile offenders shows that EMDR can work in reducing post traumatic stress reactivity resulting in less violent behavior and conduct problems among samples. Its utility for older adults, especially those with histories of sexual assault victimization and perpetration is perhaps a promising intervention. The use of evidence-based practices suggests that untreated trauma and grief are related to increased adult recidivism rates (Leach et al., 2008). Therefore, treating psychological distress and untreated symptoms effectively, which involves both screening and treatment that captures subjective experiences, may help to break the cycle of recidivism and in some case sexual offending. [Excerpt]

Keywords: Dental Health Physical Health

Accuracy Verified: Yes

78. Greenwald, R. (1997). Children's mental health care in the 21st century: Eliminating the trauma burden. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry On-Line.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Contemporary child mental health care is compared unfavorably to its medical counterpart, which offers prevention and early intervention in addition to treatment of symptoms. Child trauma, broadly defined., is characterized as a ubiquitous, under-treated, primary source of psychopathology. Traumatic experiences which remain unintegrated accumulate as a trauma burden, leading to reactivity and impairment. Two recently developed trauma-focused interventions atre described: critical incident stress debriefing (CISD) and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Combined with screening and early identification of traumatized children, CISD and EMDR can be used economically for widespread elimination of the trauma burden.

Keywords: Children Mental Health Care Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

79. Figley, C. R., Carbonnell, J., Boscarino, J., & Chang, J. (1999, Summer). A clinical demonstration model for assessing the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions: An expanded clinical trials methodology. International Journal of Emergency Mental Health, 1(Part 3), 155-164 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Both the evaluation of current treatment interventions and the innovation of new ones are vital to maintaining a viable clinical profession. In the field of psychology, however, often there are serious challenges facing these worthy endeavors. This article reviews several problems and limitations with evaluation of innovative psychotherapy treatments in clinical practice and suggests a strategy to overcome these. This approach, which we term the "Systematic Clinical Demonstration Methodology" (SCDM), combines the skills of clinicians with the rigors of clinical trials methods and permits concurrent clinical innovation and scientific evaluation. Here we suggest that the SCDM approach allows innovative practitioners to assist in the development and evaluation of promising clinical interventions by working closely with clinical trials researchers. This allows innovative clinicians to demonstrate new treatment approaches, while clinical researchers evaluate the effectiveness and safety of these interventions using clinical trials methods that incorporate qualitative data. We suggest that this approach can result in the development and evaluation of new treatment innovations more quickly and cost effectively than traditionally has been the case. In addition, some limitations commonly associated with clinical trials, such as not treating patients typically found in clinical practice, failing to treat patients with multiple disorders, or treating patients from different cultural or sociodemographic groups, can be more effectively addressed. Our experiences with using this method to evaluate different psychotherapy treatments for PTSD are presented as an example of this new approach. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Brief Psychotherapy Methodology Neurolinguistic Programming NLP Outcomes Research Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Random Controlled Trials RCT Systematic Clinical Demonstration Methodology TFT Thought Field Therapy TIR Traumatic Incident Reduction Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

80. Opdyke, D. C. (1995, May). Clinical efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder. Georgia State University. AAT 9608510.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) has gained notoriety as a brief treatment for PTSD. In EMDR, clients repeatedly bring up traumatic events in memory and visually track stimuli moving back and forth in front of them. Previous group studies of EMDR have had methodological problems, however. The present study attempted to (1) assess EMDR's effectiveness compared to an Eye Focus treatment controlling for eye movement; (2) compare both treatments to a wait-list control; and (3) rate therapist characteristics to check experimenter bias.20 participants suffering from PTSD were randomly assigned to either EMDR or Eye Focus (EF) treatments, and immediate treatment or wait-list conditions. After two 90-minute treatment sessions, outcomes were assessed on subjective measures of anxiety (SUDs) and cognitive beliefs (VOCs). The mean SUDs pre-post differences on matched pairs t-tests indicated significant reduction of disturbance for both the EMDR group, p < .001, and the Eye Focus group, p < .001. VOC ratings showed similar treatment gains. Two-factor analyses assessed changes across groups (2 administrations x 2 treatment groups) on two standardized measures, the Impact of Event Scale (IES) and the Modified PTSD Symptom Scale (MPSS). The IES showed a main effect for treatment F (2, 18) = 16.45, p < .001, while wait-list remained unchanged F (2, 18) = 1.09, p > .05. A significant interaction F (2, 18) = 6.69, p < .05 supported treatment efficacy. EMDR and EF participants improved equally on the IES, i.e., no differences for type of treatment, F (2, 18) = 0.54, p > .05. The MPSS also showed a main effect for treatment, F (2, 18) = 6.46, p < .05, with wait-list unchanged, F (2, 18) = 0.27, p > .05. This interaction was not significant, p =.10. Further, both EMDR and EF groups demonstrated improvement on the MPSS. Results suggest that (1) EMDR and Eye Focus are both effective in reducing some self-reported PTSD symptoms; (2) EMDR and Eye Focus scores improved significantly compared to wait-list; and (3) ratings of experimenter bias suggested that the EMDR and Eye Focus participants were treated equally by the therapist. Future comparison studies should use larger samples, independent assessors, and equally-trained independent therapists. [Author Abstract] Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 56(11-B), May 1996, pp. 6402

Keywords: Empirical Study Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Treatment Effectiveness Treatment Outcome/Clinical Trial

Accuracy Verified: Yes

81. Lazrove, S. (1997, June). Clinical notes. EMDRIA Newsletter, 2(4), 10-12.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
During EMDR trainings, trainers make clear that EMDR is not a “cookie-cutter,” in the sense of being a rote technique. It is expected that with practice, clinicians will personalize the method according to their own needs and experiences. However, it can be difficult at times to determine whether one is adapting EMDR to meet one’s needs, or in unwittingly violating basic principles. The following is the first in a series of articles illustrating how senior EMDR clinicians have personalized EMDR.

Keywords: Personalized EMDR

Accuracy Verified: Yes

82. Grygo, M. (2008). A clinical trial of motivation-adaptive skills-trauma resolution (MASTR) therapy with conduct disordered adolescent boys. University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada. AAT NR35998.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Conduct disorder and other disruptive behaviours represent the most common form of child and adolescent psychopathology referred for treatment by parents and teachers. A number of studies conducted in university research centers have demonstrated meaningful treatment gains especially with preadolescents with conduct disorder. However, studies conducted with older adolescents, especially those with comorbid disorders, as well as studies conducted in community-based clinic settings have been mostly unsuccessful. With a few exceptions, the extant treatments have not made any special effort to address effects of traumatic experiences that research has demonstrated to be very prevalent among conduct disordered children and adolescents. Motivation-Adaptive Skills-Trauma Resolution (MASTR) therapy developed by Ricky Greenwald (2002a) has shown promising results in his open trial study. MASTR is a complex treatment approach which addresses several key areas crucial in treating adolescents with conduct disorder: development/enhancement of motivation for treatment, development/enhancement of anger management and problem solving skills, and treatment of past trauma effects. The present study evaluated the effectiveness of MASTR therapy with 10 adolescent boys with conduct disorder placed in a residential treatment facility. This study combined single subject and qualitative research methodologies to offer a detailed look into the implementation and evaluation of MASTR therapy in a residential treatment centre. Foremost, this study demonstrates the formidable problems of conducting treatment research with this population in this kind of setting. Results suggested that, when it can be sufficiently implemented, MASTR therapy may be an effective treatment method producing some meaningful changes in behaviour for some severely disturbed adolescents with conduct problem. The study also demonstrated that EMDR may be an effective treatment for reducing emotional distress associated with past trauma in adolescents with conduct disorder. Factors associated with the limited success of this treatment study are identified and discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved) Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences. 69(1-A), 2008, pp. 109.

Keywords: Adolescent Boys Clinical Trial Conduct Disorder Empirical Study MASTR Motivation-Adaptive Skills-Trauma Resolution Therapy Quantitative Study

Accuracy Verified: Yes

83. Grimmett, J. (2012). Clinician experiences with EMDR: Factors influencing attrition and retention. University of the Rockies, Colorado Springs. UMI 3517361.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
This study investigated factors contributing to clinician attrition from eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy. The primary areas under investigation were factors contributing to attrition and retention, as well as the quest to obtain information pertaining to training experiences. A sample of 239 clinicians was purposefully obtained. Several patterns emerged within the data, highlighting the issues of attrition: Loyalty to other treatment modalities and discomfort with using EMDR, either through lack of confidence, inadequate training, or discomfort with client distress, were both correlated with clinician attrition. Treatment efficacy and ongoing consultation were remarkable for retention. Practice setting surfaced as statistically significant, and operating in private practice was positively correlated with greater participation in EMDR support activities. Additionally, the adequacy of the training format was presented, as well as how prepared the participants felt after completion of EMDR training. A number of findings were consistent with earlier studies and the converging results of loyalty to previous modalities and discomfort using EMDR gave rise to recommendations for future training and support of newly trained clinicians. The limitations of the current study were presented, in addition to directions for future research.

Keywords: Attrition Clinician Experiences Retention Training

Accuracy Verified: Yes

84. Grimmett, J., Hartung, J., Galvin, M. D., & Gray, S. (2012, October). Clinician experiences with EMDR: Factors influencing attrition and retention. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Arlington, VA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Over 70,000 clinicians worldwide have participated in extensive EMDR training in the past 20 years, but, as with other therapies, not all trained clinicians continue to practice newly acquired techniques.
Whether or not a clinician uses a given treatment modality seems to be a complicated issue, the literature can be organized along the lines of five themes: (a) therapists' pre-training factors, (b) the training itself, (c) clients' experiecnes before and during EMDR, (d) post-training skill development, and (e) socio-enviromental contributors to therapist attrition and retention

Keywords: Attrition Clinician Experiences Retention Training

Accuracy Verified: Yes

85. Cusack, K. J., & Spates, C. R. (1999, January-April). The cognitive dismantling of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD): A case report. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 13(1-2), 87-99. doi:10.1016/S0887-6185(98)00041-3 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Twenty-seven subjects were exposed to standard Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) treatment or a similar treatment without the explicit cognitive elements found in EMDR. Standardized psychometric assessments were administered (Structured Interview for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Impact of Event Scale, Revised Symptom Checklist-90) by independent assessors at pretest, posttest and two separate follow-up periods. Potential subjects met specific inclusion/exclusion criteria. Subjective measures including Subjective Units of Disturbance and Validity of Cognition assessments were also conducted. A two-factor repeated measures analysis of variance revealed that both treatments produced significant symptom reductions and were comparable on all dependent measures across assessment phases. The present findings are discussed in light of previous dismantling research that converges to suggest that several elements in the EMDR protocol may be superfluous in terms of the contribution to treatment outcome. These same elements have nevertheless entered unparsimoniously into consideration as possible explanatory variables (ScienceDirect).

Keywords: Adults Americans Empirical Study Longitudinal Study Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Random Clinical Trial RCT Stressors Survivors Treatment Effectiveness Treatment Outcome/Clinical Trial

Accuracy Verified: Yes

86. Young, J., Zangwill, W. M., & Behary, W. E. (2002). Combining EMDR and schema-focused therapy: The whole may be greater than the sum of the parts. In F. Shapiro (Ed.). EMDR as an integrative psychotherapy approach: Experts of diverse orientations explore the paradigm prism (1st ed.) (pp. 181-208). Washington: American Psychological Association. vii, 444 pp.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract: E
motional processing occurs through specific circuitry and structures in the brain. Unfortunately, much of clinical psychology has neither understood nor sufficiently integrated the treatment implications of this area of research. However, some practitioners have recognized the need for more integrative models of psychotherapy. Two of the best models are Young's Schema-Focused Therapy (SFT) and Shapiro's Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). Although these two approaches arose from different clinical experiences and theoretical backgrounds, they are similar in that they recognize the importance of all the ways in which people process information -- affectively, physiologically, through the senses, and cognitively. Each model can be tremendously beneficial to clinicians and their clients. Combining aspects of each often yields better results than using either one alone. Thus, this chapter first includes a description of Young's model and then an illustration of the way EMDR clinicians can enhance SFT by using the powerful information-processing aspects of EMDR. Last is a brief discussion of the ways SFT can also be valuable to EMDR clinicians. [Adapted from Text, pp. 181-182][Pilots]

Keywords: Cognitive Therapy Psychotherapeutic Processes

Accuracy Verified: Yes

87. Phillips, M. (2008). Combining hypnosis with EMDR and ego state therapy for ego strengthening. In C. Forgash and M. Copeley, (Eds.) Healing the heart of trauma and dissociation with EMDR and ego state therapy (pp. 91-120). New York, NY: Springer Publishing Co.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
This chapter will explore several uses of hypnosis and EMDR that can help to accomplish these objectives. Expert consensus is that trauma clients must move through an ordered process designed to strengthen and stabilize them before progressing to the uncovering, exploration, reworking, and integration of painful past experiences. The SARI model (Phillips 8c Frederick, 1995) is presented here as a framework for the recommended sequence of treatment. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Ego State Therapy Ego Strenthening Hypnosis SARI Model

Accuracy Verified: Yes

88. Davidson, M. M., Potter, A. E., & Wesselmann, R. D. (2010, September/October). Comparing dialectical behavior therapy to eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: A phase-based trauma treatment pilot project. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Internation Association, Minneapolis, MN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
• More effective methods to treat adults affected by childhood trauma, disturbed attachments, and adulthood intimate partner violence are critically needed. • Research utilizing Adult Attachment Interview (Hess, 1999) had found that when mothers hold unresolved memories of loss or childhood abuse, their children typically develop disorganized attachments and that when mothers are poorly or inconsistently responsive to their children’s cues, the children typically develop insecure attachments • A history of abuse by childhood attachment figures also increases the likelihood of becoming involved in domestic violence experiences in adulthood for both sexes (Gratz, 2009; Henderson et al, 2005) • Previous research has demonstrated that attachment experiences influence emotional functioning and vulnerability to emotion dysregulation (Critchheld et al, 2008). Numerous empirical works demonstrate the relationship between attachment style and aggression (e. g., Sockwaite et al, 2002; Henderson et al, 2005) • Emotion dysregulation and problems with impulse control and unstable relationships are common symptoms associated with childhood abuse by attachment figures (Fonagy, 1997; Bhipman et al, 2005) • Funding more effective treatment for problems in functioning related to childhood trauma and attachment issues is imperative. Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) are two approaches that have proven beneficial in treating individuals with borderline personality disorders and trauma, respectively, and thus, could prove beneficial as treatment modalities for childhood trauma and attachment problems • The current investigation is a pilot study aimed at evaluating a treatment protocol aimed at effectively assisting adults with a history of childhood abuse and/or intimate partner violence to regulate emotions, resolve childhood trauma, move toward a healthier and more secure attachment status, and reduce the risk of repeating the cycle of violence and child abuse. More specifically, this pilot project evaluated a phase-based trauma treatment program that included (a) a year-long, initial emotion regulation skills-training phases utilizing DBT and (b) a second phase of either 10 individual sessions of EMDR or 10 individual session focused on further DBT skills training

Keywords: DBT Dialectical Behavior Therapy Poster

Accuracy Verified: Yes

89. Oncley, P. R. (1992). A comparison of eye movement desensitization and implosion-like therapy with adult victims of sexual abuse. Fuller Theological Seminary, Pasadena, CA. AAT 9302718.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing is a recently developed technique that has been reported in the literature to be effective in treating many of the symptoms associated with PTSD. This study investigated the role of saccadic eye movements in this technique by utilizing a multiple-baseline, across subjects design with 4 adult victims of childhood sexual abuse.Eye movement desensitization conditions (EMD) were compared to non saccadic eye movement conditions (NM) utilizing a Latin square design over one treatment session. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID-R) and the PTSD module of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III (SCID) were used for initial diagnosis and screening. Treatment effectiveness between the intervention phase and 1 week follow-up was assessed using the Impact of Event Scale (IES) and the PTSD Symptom Checklist. Skin conductance response (SCR), heart rate, and subjective units of distress (SUDS) were assessed during pretreatment, treatment, posttreatment, and follow-up phases. Results showed no significant differences across subjects among SCR, heart rate, and SUDS between the EMD and NM conditions. IES and PTSD Symptom Checklist follow-up data showed symptom improvement for 3 of the 4 subjects. One subject's intrusive symptoms worsened. All subjects displayed less physiological reactivity to the traumatic imagery at follow-up. Mechanisms that contribute to the effectiveness of EMD and recommendations for future study were discussed. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Arousal Child Abuse Exposure Therapy Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

90. Ironson, G., Freund, B., Strauss, J., & Williams, J. (2002, January). Comparison of two treatments for traumatic stress: A community-based study of EMDR and prolonged exposure. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58(1), 113-128. doi:10.1002/jclp.1132.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This pilot study compared the efficacy of two treatments for PTSD: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) and Prolonged Exposure (PE). Data were analyzed for 22 patients from a university-based clinic serving the outside community (predominantly rape and crime victims) who completed at least one active session of treatment after three preparatory sessions. Results showed both approaches produced a significant reduction in PTSD and depression symptoms, which were maintained at three-month follow-up. Successful treatment was faster with EMDR as a larger number of people (7 of 10) had a 70% reduction in PTSD symptoms after three active sessions compared to 2 of 12 with PE. EMDR appeared to be better tolerated as the dropout rate was significantly lower in those randomized to EMDR versus PE (0 of 10 vs. 3 of 10). However all patients who remained in treatment with PE had a reduction in PTSD scores. Finally, Subjective Units of Distress (SUDS) ratings decreased significantly during the initial session of EMDR, but changed little during PE. Postsession SUDS were significantly lower for EMDR than for PE. Suggestions for future research are discussed. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Empirical Study Meta Analysis Methodology Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Prolonged Exposure PTSD Random Clinical Trial RCT Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

91. Herbert, C. (2012, October). Complex trauma: Road to psychiatric dysfunction or path toward posttrauma growth?. Keynote at the 4th Autumn EMDR Workshop Conference, Sheffield, UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Healthcare service providers, as well as, mental health practitioners, frequently associate the suffering of complex trauma with pathology, mental illness, personality disorders and severe psychiatric dysfunction. Clients are perceived as difficult to treat, interventions are guided by the nature of the psychiatric diagnosis and therapy focuses on crisis management and on helping clients to achieve reductions of symptoms that account for the psychiatric diagnosis. Although symptom reduction can be of great value and importance to sufferers, sole focus on this misses the great potential to engage a person in a transformative process that can lead to considerable inner strengthening, alignment and positive growth, as a result and in spite of their early traumatic experiences. This keynote introduces a shift in perspective away from the traditional focus on psychiatric dysfunction toward a model of positive growth for clients suffering from Complex Trauma and Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID). It is proposed that development of empathic empowerment of the individual toward greater personal authenticity, honesty, accountability and compassion can open the path toward posttrauma growth. However, in order to achieve such development specific parameters must be fulfilled. These parameters, which include therapist factors, the nature of the therapeutic relationship, an underlying therapeutic framework for working with complex trauma and the guiding principles and ingredients that nurture growth rather than dysfunction, will be outlined and illustrated through the use of client vignettes.

Keywords: Complex Trauma Posttraumatic Growth

Accuracy Verified: Yes

92. Merkies, Y. (2012, March). Complexe PTSS: Evaluatie van een behandeling door cliënt en therapeut - "Je moet niet typen tijdens de EMDR" [Complex PTSD: Evaluation of treatment by patient and therapist - "You need not type during EMDR."]. Presentatie op de 6e congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Arnhem, Nederland.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Inhoud Presentatie: Het behandelen van complexe PTSS gaat met ups en downs. Tevreden zijn over een behaald succes kan afgewisseld worden met een periode van wanhoop. Het is voor de behandeling van belang dat de therapeut steeds een helikopterview houdt. Vragen die de therapeut daarbij zichzelf onder andere stelt zijn: waar zitten we in het proces, ben ik als therapeut te voortvarend of neem ik te weinig risico. De patiënt kan indien mogelijk gestimuleerd worden van een afstand naar zijn eigen behandeling te kijken en te leren analyseren: waardoor krijg ik nu een terugval of hoe gaat het nu met me? De verantwoordelijkheid en de regie liggen uiteraard bij de therapeut. Hoe kijkt de patiënt achteraf terug op zijn behandeling en de verschillende fasen hierin? Wat heeft hem in moeilijke periodes geholpen? Welk gedrag van de therapeut heeft hem echt geholpen en wat was juist storend (zie titel)? In hoeverre was humor helpend? Hoe kijkt de patiënt terug op de mate van inspraak. In deze presentatie wordt aan de hand van videobeelden en een interview met een patiënt teruggekeken op het therapieproces. De patiënt is een ernstig getraumatiseerde man, die na een periode van stabilisatie zijn traumatische ervaringen op papier tekende. De tekeningen zijn in het begin gebruikt bij de ordening en bij bepaling van de werkvolgorde van de EMDR- behandeling. Tijdens de behandeling kon hij zelf goed aangeven wat hem hielp en wat niet. Na een forse terugval was hij in staat om te analyseren waardoor dit kwam en wat er voor nodig was om hier weer uit te komen. Deelnemers krijgen mee wat de do’s en don’ts zijn vanuit patiënt perspectief. Het belang van het nadenken over de therapeutische houding wordt gestimuleerd. De mogelijke angst om blunders te maken is hierna verminderd.

"You need not type during the EMDR" Content Presentation: The treatment of complex PTSD goes with ups and downs. Satisfied with a success achieved can be varied with a period of despair. It is important that the treatment the therapist still keeps a helicopter view. Questions that the therapist himself, among other states are: where we are in the process, I as a therapist to energetically or I take too little risk. The patient may be encouraged where possible from a distance to his own treatment to look and learn to analyze: how do I get a relapse or how is it going with me? The responsibility and control are of course with the therapist. How does the patient subsequently returned to his treatment and the different phases in this? What has helped him in difficult times? What behavior of the therapist has really helped him and what was just annoying (see title)? To what extent humor was helpful? How does the patient back on the degree of involvement. In this presentation, using video footage and an interview with a patient look back on the therapy process. The patient is a severely traumatized man, who after a period of stabilization are traumatic experiences on paper signed. The drawings are in the beginning when used in the arrangement, and determining the operating sequence of the EMDR-treatment. During treatment, he could well indicate what helped him and what not. After a sharp decline, he was able to analyze and so this was what it took to come here again. Participants will take what the do's and don'ts are from patient perspective. The importance of thinking about the therapeutic attitude is encouraged. The possible fear of making mistakes is reduced below.

Keywords: Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder C-PTSD Complex PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

93. Kluft, R. P. (1995,December). The confirmation and disconfirmation of memories of abuse in DID patients: A naturalistic clinical study. Dissociation, 8(4), 253-258.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The charts of 34 dissociative identity disorder (DID) patients in treatment with the author were reviewed for instances of the confirmation or disconfirmation of recalled episodes of abuse occurring naturalistically in the course of their psychotherapies. Nineteen, or 56 %, had instances of the confirmation of recalled abuses . Ten of the 19, or 53 %, had always recalled the abuses that were ronfirrned. However, 13 of the 19, or 68%, obtained documentation . of events that were recovered in the course of therapy, usually with the use of hypnosis. Three patients, or 9%, had instances in which the inaccuracy of their recollection could be demonstrated. The forgetting oftraumatic experiences, their reasonably accurate recovery in treatment, and the formation of pseudomemories in clinical populations were all documented in this study . This suggests that stances that are either extremely credulous of retrieved recollections or extremely skeptical of retrieved recollections are inconsistent with clinical data, and therefore are not constructive influences on the contemporary scientifi c study of trauma and memory. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Abuse DID Dissociative Identity Disorder Memories

Accuracy Verified: Yes

94. Bauman, W., & Melnyk, W. (1994, Mar). A controlled comparison of eye movements and finger tapping in the treatment of test anxiety. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 25(1), 29-33. doi:10.1016/0005-7916(94)90060-4.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
15 pairs of introductory statistics students, matched on initial test anxiety, were randomly assigned to eye movement desensitization (EMD) or control (finger tapping) conditions to test whether EMD effectively treats test anxiety and, if so, whether eye movement is the critical factor. Both groups had significant decreases in subjective units of disturbance during treatment, suggesting that another source of attenuation of elicited anxiety may be as effective as eye movement in reducing anxiety. There was a significant decrease in Test Anxiety Inventory Emotionality Scale scores from pretest to follow up for both groups, but mixed results on the Worry Scale and total anxiety scores. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Anxiety Disorders College Students EMD Life Experiences Survivor Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

95. Marcus, S., Marquis, P., & Sakai, C. (1997, Fall). Controlled study of treatment of PTSD using EMDR in an HMO setting. Psychotherapy, 34(3), 307-315. doi:10.1037/h0087791.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
67 individuals diagnosed with PTSD were randomly assigned to either Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) treatment or Standard Care (SC) treatment. Participants were assessed pretreatment, after 3 sessions, and at the completion of treatment using the Symptom Checklist-90, Beck Depression Inventory, Impact of Events Scale, Modified PTSD Scale, Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Subjective Units of Disturbance. In addition, an independent evaluator assessed participants using DSM-III-R criteria for PTSD including Global Assessment of Functioning at the 3 data points. The individuals in the EMDR treatment group showed significantly greater improvement with greater rapidity than those in the SC treatment group on measures of PTSD, depression, anxiety, and general symptoms. Participants who received EMDR treatment used fewer medication appointments for their psychological symptoms and needed fewer psychotherapy appointments. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Americans Empirical Study Managed Care Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Random Clinical Trial RCT Stressors Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

96. Lv, Q. (2010, July). Crisis intervention and trauma therapy in China. Presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
We reviewed the development of crisis intervention and trauma therapy in China since 1980s. During the past three decades, there is a gradual increase of concern and awareness among different level of Chinese government and the society for the need of human-focused disaster intervention. The Chinese crisis intervention and trauma therapy team’s experiences and studies have supported the fact that prompt and adequate intervention will significantly reduce the negative effect of disaster or trauma. It’s essential to develop the crisis intervention and trauma therapy teams systematically at different sites of the country to provide emergency intervention service at local areas. Formal and special training are needed to provide to all health and rescue-related workers involved in the disaster. This is based on the fact that immediate care and intervention require a large number of trained staff after disaster. Finally, it ‘s essential to study and improve the culturally suitable crisis intervention programs and trauma therapy.

Keywords: China Crisis Intervention

Accuracy Verified: Yes

97. Leeds, A. M. (2007, June). Criteria for assuring appropriate clinical use and avoiding misuse of resource development and installation when treating complex posttraumatic stress syndromes. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The consensus model of treatment for patients with complex posttraumatic syndromes emphasizes assuring adequate stabilization before and during uncovering and resolving of traumatic memories (Brown, Scheflin, & Hammond, 1998; Chu, 1998; Courtois, 1999; Hart, Nijenhius, Steele, 2006). Resource Development and Installation (RDI) has been described in a series of published case reports as an effective stabilizing intervention for adult survivors of adverse childhood experiences (Korn & Leeds, 2202; Leeds, 1997, 1998, 2001b; Leeds & Shapiro, 2000; Popky, 2005). These clinical case reports of RDI have been described observed decreases in intense shame, depersonalization, angry outbursts, self-injurious behaviors, compulsive eating, obsessive self-critical thoughts, persistent negative emotional states (misery), sexual acting out, and substance abuse. There are now several published procedural descriptions (Korn & Leeds, 2002; Leeds, 2001; Leeds & Shapiro, 2000) and a summary in the standard reference text on EMDR (Shapiro, 2001).
The growing use of RDI by EMDR trained clinicians has been followed by reports indicating that a significant number of patients with post traumatic stress syndromes who meet standard EMDR readiness criteria for ego strength and stability have been persistently offered RDI without being offered standard EMDR reprocessing. EMDR has been shown to produce stable, enduring treatment effects for symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder. RDI has not. Until recently (Korn et al, 2004; Leeds, 2005, 2006; Shapiro, 2004) little attention has been given to assuring appropriate use and avoiding misuse of RDI. This presentation will describe serious clinical and professional issues in continuing to offer RDI over repeated treatment sessions to patients with posttraumatic stress syndromes who meet or achieve readiness criteria for standard EMDR reprocessing and in failing to offer or in excessively delaying EMDR reprocessing.
This presentation will clarify and review specific criteria for identifying: for which patients (1) and clinical situations (2) the use of RDI is indicated; for which patients and clinical situations (3) RDI should be offered cautiously, if at al, but alternate stabilization methods should be considered; and for which patients (4) RDI should not be offered but where standard EMDR processing should be offered without delay. An overview of RDI procedural steps will be presented (5) to clarify its clinical application. Strategies will be offered to address technical, clinical and countertransference issues that may b associated with misuse or excessive use of RDI. A series of ten clinical vignettes will be presented to illustrate appropriate clinical use, clinical cautions and misuse of RDI.

Keywords: Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Complex PTSD C-PTSD RDI Resource Development and Installation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

98. Lee, C. (2008). Crucial processes in EMDR - More than imaginal exposure. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 2(4), 262-268. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.2.4.262.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The processes that underlie the effectiveness of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) are examined by evaluating the procedural differences between it and exposure therapy. Major factors include the degree of emphasis placed on reliving versus distancing in the therapies and the degree to which clients are encouraged to focus on direct trauma experiences versus experiences associated with the trauma. Research results indicate that, unlike traditional imaginal exposure, reliving responses in EMDR did not correlate with symptom improvement. Instead, consistent with an information processing model, the degree of distancing in EMDR was significantly associated with improvement. A case study is described to highlight these methodological divergences in the respective therapies relating to reliving. Finally, the research regarding the possible sources of the distancing response within EMDR was examined. The results indicate that the distancing process was more likely to be an effect produced by eye movements than by any therapist instructions. Theoretical and research evaluations indicate that the mechanisms underlying EMDR and traditional exposure therapy are different.

Keywords: Exposure Therapy Information Processing Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Reliving

Accuracy Verified: Yes

99. Young, W., Puk, G., & Rouanzoin, C. C. (1995, June). Current trends using EMDR in dissociative disorders. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop covers the screening, diagnosis, treatment and pitfalls encountered in using EMDR in Dissociative Disorders. The unexpected finding of dissociative disorders among trauma victims using EMDR requires therapists to be able to recogme and screen for dissociative conditions. Under special circumstances, these patients may have negative reactions which the EMDR therapist should be prepared to manage. Treatment requires a strong alliance, an awareness of dissociation and the management of patients' abreactions. Treatment guidelines have been established for using EMDR which can guide therapists as our expmence with dissociative disorders evolves. A careful informed consent should be obtained and an assessment of the patient's inner resources made so that ffagile patients with histories of chronic trauma are not inadvertently injured. Further, EMDR is not designed as a tool for "memory work" but for the reduction of distress for events or experiences already known. Lectures, discussions, handouts and video tape demonstrations show the application of EMDR in a variety of conditions. The results of a pilot study using EMDR in 15 patients with 33 target symptoms will be presented. In this limited sample, between 50% and 60% of patients achieved significant reduction of their distress levels on selected targets. A variety of responses occurred including fusions, generalization effects, and establishmg inner dialogue. In addition, a variety of problems arose resulting in treatment failures or cessation of EMDR. These include such reactions as flooding, escalation of anger, paranoia and resistance to the treatment. The implications of these findings suggest that cautious patient selection and use of EMDR has a potential use and that as research in this population continues, strategies for overcoming problem areas can be developed.

Keywords: Dissociative Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

100. Elling, M. (2009, Februari). Databank effectieve jeugdinterventies (testversie): Beschrijving ´Eye movement desensitization & reprocessing (EMDR)' [Database of effective youth interventions (test version): Description of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)]. Utrecht: NIZW. Ontvangen van http://www.nji.nl/eCache/DEF/37/990.cmVjb3JkbnI9MTc.html op 1/26/2010.

Language: Dutch

Format: Other

Abstract:
Verwerking van herinneringen aan identificeerbare traumatische ervaringen. Hierdoor kunnen klachten, die zijn ontstaan als gevolg van die herinneringen en het lijden dat daarmee gepaard gaat, worden verminderd.

Processing of memories of traumatic experiences identifiable. This enables complaints that have arisen as a result of those memories and the suffering that goes with it are reduced.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

101. Jongedijk, R. A., Gersons, B. P. R., & ter Heide, F. J. J. (2010). De behandeling van patiënten met PTSS met narrative exposure therapy, het kort eclectisch protocol voor PTSS en eye movement desensitisation [The treatment of patients with PTSD narrative exposure therapy, the short protocol for PTSD and eclectic eye movement desensitisation]. Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie 52(4), 4.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Achtergrond: Bij de behandeling van patiënten met een posttraumatische stressstoornis (ptss) worden niet altijd de evidence-based behandelvormen toegepast zoals beschreven in de richtlijnen en in de literatuur. Vooral bij de complexere traumapatiënten worden regelmatig alleen stabilisatietechnieken en/of farmacotherapie toegepast. Doel: In deze bijblijfsessie wordt betoogd dat evidence-based traumagerichte behandeling mogelijk en wenselijk is, ook bij veel complexe patiënten die te maken hebben gehad met oorlog, vervolging, geweld en/of beroepsgerelateerd trauma. Methoden: Er zullen drie voordrachten worden gegeven, met daarna discussie, door drie specialisten in de behandeling van ptss. De voordrachten zullen drie evidence-based behandelvormen voor ptss illustreren, te weten narrative exposure therapy (net), het Kort Eclectisch Protocol voor ptss (kep) en eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (emdr). Resultaten: De drie getoonde behandelvormen zijn goed toepasbaar en effectief bij patiënten met een ptss. Dit zal worden aangetoond met behulp van theoretische uitgangspunten, ervaringen uit de klinische praktijk en onderzoeksgegevens. Conclusie: Behandeling van complexe traumapatiënten met ptss door middel van traumagerichte psychotherapie heeft doorgaans de voorkeur. De deelnemer van de bijblijfsessie heeft kennisgenomen van drie evidence-based behandelvormen voor ptss.

Background: In the treatment of patients with post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are not always evidence-based treatment as described in the application forms and guidelines in the literature. Especially with complex trauma patients are frequently only stabilization techniques and /or pharmacotherapy used. This goal bijblijfsessie is argued that evidence-based trauma-focused treatment is possible and desirable, even with many complex patients who have experienced war, persecution, violence and / or job-related trauma. Methods: will be given three nominations, followed by discussion, by three specialists in the treatment of PTSD. The presentations will be three evidence-based treatments for PTSD illustrate, namely narrative exposure therapy (NET), the Short PTSD Eclectic Protocol (KEP) and Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR). The results shown three forms of treatment are well applicable and effective in patients with PTSD. This will be demonstrated using theoretical assumptions, experiences from clinical practice and research. Opinion Treatment of complex trauma patients with PTSD using trauma-focused psychotherapy is usually preferred. The participant of bijblijfsessie has noted three evidence-based treatments for PTSD.

Keywords: Narrative Therapy Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

102. van der Vleugel, B. (2013, April). De behandeling van PTSS bij mensen met een psychotische stoornis [The treatment of PTSD in people with a psychotic disorder]. In Onderzoek track 1 and 2. Presentatie op Het congres EMDR Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Nijmegen, Nederland.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Trauma is een risicofactor voor het ontwikkelen van psychose. Het hebben van een ernstige psychiatrische aandoening verhoogt de kans op het ontwikkelen van een co-morbide posttraumatische stress stoornis. Desondanks wordt een co-morbide PTSS zelden gediagnostiseerd en wanneer dit wél gebeurt is behandeling van deze PTSS bepaald niet vanzelfsprekend. Behandelaren vrezen vaak dat het openlijk bespreken van traumatische levenservaringen zal leiden tot decompensatie, heropname, middelenmisbruik, zelfbeschadigend gedrag en / of suïcidaliteit. Ondertussen werken de PTSS klachten als olie op het vuur van de psychose. Omdat mensen met psychotische klachten over het algemeen werden uitgesloten van deelname aan onderzoek naar de effecten van PTSS behandeling was lang niet bekend of psychologische behandeling conform de Richtlijn Angststoornissen ook bij deze populatie veilig en effectief is. Hier begint verandering in te komen. In deze presentatie komen achtereenvolgens aan bod: - De resultaten van een pilot onderzoek naar de effecten van EMDR bij mensen met een psychotische stoornis en een co-morbide PTSS (Van den Berg & Van der Gaag, 2012). - De resultaten van een gecontroleerde multiple baseline study naar de effecten van EMDR en Prolonged Exposure bij mensen met een psychotische stoornis en een comorbide PTSS (De Bont, Van Minnen & De Jongh, submitted). - De opzet en eerste bevindingen van het onderzoeksproject Treating Trauma in Psychosis (T.TIP), een multicenter RCT naar de behandeling van PTSS bij mensen met een psychotische Trauma is a risk factor for the development of psychosis. Having a severe psychiatric condition increases the chance of the development of a co-morbid post-traumatic stress disorder. Nevertheless, a co-morbid PTSD rarely diagnosed and when this happens, treatment of these PTSD determined not obvious. Clinicians often fear that openly discussing traumatic life experiences will lead to decompensation, reuptake, substance abuse, self-injurious behavior and / or suicidality. Meanwhile, the PTSD symptoms as fuel to the fire of the psychosis. Because people with psychotic symptoms were generally excluded from research into the effects of PTSD treatment was long unknown or psychological treatment in accordance with Directive Anxiety disorders also in this population safely and effective. Here begins to be changing. This presentation will subsequently be discussed: - The results of a pilot study on the effects of EMDR in people with a psychotic disorder and comorbid PTSD (Van den Berg and Van der Gaag, 2012) . - The results of a controlled multiple baseline study on the effects of EMDR and Prolonged Exposure to people with a psychotic disorder and comorbid PTSD (De Bont, Van Minnen & De Jongh, submitted). - The design and initial findings of the research Treating Trauma in Psychosis (T.TIP), a multicenter RCT on the treatment of PTSD in people with a psychotic disorder (De Bont et al, submittedstoornis (De Bont et al., submitted).

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress DIsorder PSTD Psychotic Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

103. Black, J., & Gauvreau, P. (2010, Avril/Mai). De la problématique, à la cible, à la désensibilisation [Of the problem, the target, the desensitization]. Atelier présenté à la réunion annuelle de l'EMDR Canada, Toronto, Ontario.

Language: French

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Il peut être parfois un défi pour les thérapeutes EMDR à aider les clients à identifier les cibles de travail EMDR lorsque la personne se présente avec un problématique généralisée ou des enjeux « non-traumatiques » par exemple, certains associés à l’estime personnel, l’affirmation de soi, les habiletés relationnelles pour lesquelles des événements traumatiques « petits-t » où les liens ou expériences à cibler ne sont pas facilement identifiables. Cet atelier à pour objectif de permettre aux cliniciens à mieux aider leur clients à préciser d’avantage les enjeux et les cibles de travail potentielles avec l’EMDR; ainsi que de faciliter à ce que le client puisse, à partir de la problématique, de la cible et de l’image, mieux trouver les cognitions/croyances négatives activées. Dans ce processus, on vise aussi à accentuer l’importance de la phase 1 (l’histoire de la personne). Également, l’atelier se penchera sur l’importance de bien identifier/cerner la croyance négative sous-jacente au moment d’amorcer le travail avec les cibles identifiées, afin de maximiser les effets du retraitement et de favoriser la généralisation. À travers des présentations didactiques, des vignettes cliniques et des exercices de groupes, les participant(e)s pourront développer des stratégies pour mieux conceptualiser les plans de traitement EMDR avec ces types de problématiques. Également, les cliniciens seront amenés à réfléchir sur les thèmes des enjeux travaillés et leurs liens avec les cognitions négatives identifiées, sous les thèmes de responsabilité, sécurité et choix personnel. (Tous les niveaux)

It can sometimes be a challenge for EMDR therapists to help clients identify targets EMDR work when the person presents with a widespread issue or issues "non-traumatic" for example, some associated with the estimated personnel, assertiveness, interpersonal skills for which the traumatic events "small-t" which links or targeting experiments are not easily identifiable. This workshop aims to enable clinicians to better help their clients to clarify issues and benefit the target potential working with EMDR, as well as to facilitate the client can, using the issue of and the target image, find the best cognitions / beliefs turned negative. In this process, it also aims to highlight the importance of phase one (the story of the person). Also, the workshop will focus on the importance of identifying / understanding the underlying negative belief at the time to begin work with the targets identified in order to maximize the effects of reprocessing and to promote generalization. Through didactic presentations, clinical vignettes and group exercises, the participant (s) will develop strategies to better conceptualize the EMDR treatment plans with these types of issues. Also, clinicians will need to reflect on themes and issues worked their links with negative cognitions

Keywords: Target

Accuracy Verified: Yes

104. Rassin, E., Muris, P., & Merckelbach, H. (1996). De pijndempende werking van eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is beperkt [The pain attenuation of EMDR is limited]. Directieve Therapie, 16(3), 274-284. doi:10.1007/BF03060149 .

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) werd in 1989 door Shapiro geïntroduceerd als een therapeutische techniek voor Posttraumatische stress–stoornis (PTSS). Sindsdien hebben diverse EMDR–;therapeuten geopperd dat deze interventie ook toepasbaar is bij andere trauma–gerelateerde klachten. In een studie van Hekmat, Groth en Rogers (1994) is geclaimd dat EMDR effectief is bij de behandeling van pijn. In het onderhavige onderzoek is deze claim verder onderzocht. Daartoe werden 45 gezonde vrijwilligers onderworpen aan 8 elektrische prikkels. De proefpersonen werden verdeeld over 3 groepen: een groep die behandeld werd met EMDR, een groep die ter afleiding van de prikkels naar een cartoon keek, en een controlegroep waarbij geen verdere interventie werd uitgevoerd. Zowel fysiologische als subjectieve reacties op de pijnprikkels werden geregistreerd. Op geen enkele effectmaat werden verschillen tussen de drie groepen gevonden. In de discussie wordt dit resultaat in een breder perspectief geplaatst.

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) was introduced by Shapiro in 1989 as a therapeutic technique for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Since then several EMDR, therapists suggested that this intervention is also applicable to other trauma-related symptoms. In a study by Hekmat, Groth and Rogers (1994) has claimed that EMDR is effective in treating pain. In the present study further investigated this claim. For this purpose, 45 healthy volunteers subjected to 8 electrical stimuli. The subjects were divided into 3 groups: one group treated with EMDR, a group that as a distraction from the stimuli to a cartoon look, and a control group with no further intervention was performed. Both physiological and subjective responses to pain stimuli were recorded. In no effect size differences were found between the three groups. In the discussion, this results in a wider perspective.

Keywords: Pain Attenuation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

105. Stewart-Grey, E. (2008). De-stress: A qualitative investigation of EMDR treatment. Capella University, Minneapolis, MN. AAT 3329849.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
There is no qualitative knowledge of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) with a sub-clinical stressed population. The vast majority of EMDR research has focused on traumatized populations, leaving a significant gap in what the non-traumatized or sub-clinically stressed clients experience. Sub-clinical stress includes any level of stress that does not meet the DSM-IV-TR criteria for PTSD. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the lived experiences of body sensations, emotions, beliefs, and imagery during EMDR treatment of participants with sub-clinical stress. Participants fit into either a young adult (18-35), adult (36-49), or older adult (50-60) maturity category and did not meet the criteria for PTSD. The sample consisted of 12 participants, from a large metropolitan area in the Northeastern United States. A qualitative phenomenological design was used to gather data following the EMDRIAs treatment protocol including a final interview asking questions about what the participants experienced in their body, thoughts, emotions, and memory images. The data was analyzed using constant comparative techniques using open coding and will be verified with member check techniques. The results identify five thematic holistic experiences across the participants. The themes of responsibility, safety, choices, power, and value emerged from the data. The results imply that is may be necessary to address all 5 themes for effective stress resolution. Also, the scholarly, clinical, and practical understanding of the Adaptive Information Processing Model concepts of responsibility, safety, and choices manifest in participants lived sensory experiences are now expanded and in need of additional research. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Americans Effects Stressors Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

106. Errebo, N. (2010, July). A decade of EMDR humanitarian trainings in Asia. Presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In 1999, EMDR Humanitarian Assistance Programs (HAP) began its work in Asia in Bangladesh. Since then HAP teams have trained clinicians in India, Indonesia, China, Thailand, Sri Lanka. This presentation will summarize what has been learned from ten years of experience in Asia. The EMDR HAP training in Sri Lanka following the 2004 tsunami will be presented in detail. Issues addressed will include needs assessment, organization, collaboration among organizations, ethics, cultural competence ,and program evaluation. Videotapes will show training and sessions of trainees with tsunami survivors. The presentation will show how to train participants to think, write, and speak about EMDR as well as how to competently and ethically utilize EMDR with clients. An EMDR training program was conducted as a joint project of three organizations: EMDR Humanitarian Assistance Programs (HAP), International Relief Teams (IRT), and the Sri Lankan National Counselors Association (SRILNAC). Between March and December 2005, 30 Sri Lankan counselors were trained in EMDR. These counselors demonstrated competence in EMDR on several measures, treated more than 1,000 children and more than 350 adult tsunami victims with EMDR in 2005, provided narrative reports and outcome measures for most of their clients, and formed the Sri Lanka EMDR Association (SEA). The crucial steps in establishing and implementing this training program are explained, with a summary of the subjective impressions and learning experiences most valued by the training team, including an excerpt from a trainer’s journal. This information may be useful to future cross-cultural humanitarian efforts following large-scale disasters. This article summarizes the crucial steps in establishing and carrying out this training program as well. Previous HAP programs in Bangladesh and Turkey (Konuk et al., 2006) had led to the development of a model of therapist training and service delivery following large-scale natural disasters. Great need for mental health treatment in developing countries following a disaster and the even greater challenge of delivering effective, culturally competent mental health treatment in these situations. Silove and Bryant (2006) praised the rapid needs assessment after the tsunami as an important advancement in psychiatric epidemiology that demonstrated the value of such assessment in guiding mental health interventions after disasters.They pointed out that the controversy over whether to offer psychological treatment after disasters confuses funding agencies and those planning mental health programs after disasters. Their concerns were echoed in Raphael and Stevens’s (2006) delineation of the emerging consensus about good mental health practice after disasters in an article that was not a part of the Bangkok symposium. IRT directors, EMDR-HAP staff, and SRILNAC leaders discussed crucial political, ethical, economic, and logistical decisions in conference calls and e-mails. They outlined a program that would be responsive to the culture and needs of Sri Lanka, would provide world-class EMDR training and consultation, and would follow International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ISTSS) guidelines for mental health programs in post disaster situations (Weine et al., 2002). Following the funding mandate of IRT, the HAP team took responsibility for ensuring that services would in fact be delivered to tsunami survivors and that those services would be clinically effective. Therefore, requirements for continuing participation were quite specific, and trainees were more thoroughly evaluated than in previous HAP projects. These 30 counselors treated more than 1,350 tsunami survivors with EMDR between March and December 2005 and submitted outcome reports on these sessions that show marked improvement in PTSD symptoms. We know from e-mail contact that a number of participants continue to use EMDR effectively. As mentioned Important elements of the HAP training program in Sri Lanka included (a) adequate funding, (b) selection of trainees, (c) negotiation of objectives among HAP,IRT, and SRILNAC, (d) the pre-EMDR training in traumatology, (e) the consultation between trainings,(f ) the requirements for ongoing participation in the training, (g) a variety of measures of competence in EMDR, (h) the continuing, ongoing consultation with trainees, and (i) dedication. A project like this is expensive. IRT received.

Keywords: Asia HAP Humanitarian Assistance Programs Trainings

Accuracy Verified: Yes

107. Forgash, C. A. (2005, June). Deepening EMDR treatment effects across the trauma spectrum: Integrating EMDR and ego state work. Föreningen EMDR Sverige, EMDR Tidningen, 7(2), 6-14.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
The concepts, interventions, and techniques presented in this workshop are culled from theory and techniques of working with the range of the dissociative disorders). They have proved to be an effective addition to the preparation stage of the EMDR protocol. In other words, they can be used with clients who dissociate under certain conditions but do not have a dissociative disorder Most of the traumatized clients seen for EMDR treatment have a range of dissociative symptoms as well as symptoms of PTSD. This combination of PTSD and a dissociative disorder is often labeled DDNOS. However, people with a more complex variety of PTSD usually have experienced very early and enduring severe physical or sexual abuse (generally perpetrated by a family member), atrocities, war, or severe environmental disruption such as earthquakes. They are more accurately diagnosed with disorders of extreme stress (DESNOS). For these clients, the dissociated neural networks, or dissociative fragmentation, cause serious problems in adult life. The adaptive information processing system is on hold for these dissociated fragments or parts. They are easily triggered by internal or external cues to which they can have extreme reactions, (flashbacks, amnesia, losing time and place, and so forth.) Our goal as therapists is to use EMDR to help clients (and their internal dissociated neural networks or parts) find stability and resources to function adaptively in their present life, and then desensitize and reprocess the dissociated trauma memories and the PTSD symptoms. We aim to help our clients manage their symptoms. It is not our goal to eliminate dissociation, which has been a major survival strategy, but to help the client utilize it with conscious control. It is important to note that attachment issues are an aspect of development that are especially impacted by trauma. The attachment styles of the family pre trauma may have already affected the client in negative ways, impacting the client's resources and responses to trauma. One way to look at this set of problems is to utilize two approaches in the preparation phase of EMDR. These approaches combine the treatment of dissociative symptoms with ego state work and are an essential aspect of treating these clients with EMDR. This work may extend the preparation phase considerably, but will add safety and structure to the trauma processing experiences for these clients.

Keywords: Ego State Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

108. Groenendijk, M. (2012, June). A demonstration of EMDR in the second phase of trauma-treatment of DID [Una demostración de EMDR en segunda fase del tratamiento de Trastorno de identidad disociativo]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop is about the application of EMDR in the treatment of secondary and tertiary structural dissociation with survivors of early chronic traumatization. The succeeding of the EMDR sessions in the treatment of DID, depends mainly on the appropriate indication and a thorough preparation. How to do this in clinical practice, will be pointed out in this presentation. What follows is an explanation of the process (and the essential elements in it) of the integration of traumatic memories and this process will be demonstrated by a dvd of Maria, an woman with DID. We can select and analyze particular scenes, depending on the requests from the audience. For example scenes about confirming positions of ANP's and EP's at the beginning of the session, attacking the NC by the self-‐destructive part, guiding reliving experiences, presentification, coping with anger, differentiating between the past and the present, personification, preventing the flight-‐reaction, coping with transference and facilitate internal cooperation. After reporting on the outcome of this therapy, the conclusion will be that EMDR can be effective for dissociative patients if several specific criteria are met. These criteria are about conceptualization according to the model of structural dissociation, about indication, timing and preparation of the sessions, about adaptations in the EMDR-‐protocol and about integration of EMDR in the broader phase-‐oriented treatment of DID.

Este taller trata la aplicación de EMDR en el tratamiento de disociaciones estructurales secundarias y terciarias con supervivientes de la traumatización crónica temprana. El éxito de la sesiones de EMDR en el tratamiento de Trastornos de identidad disociativo, depende principalmente de unas instrucciones apropiadas y una dura preparación. Como hacer esto en la práctica clínica será el tema de esta presentación. Continuaremos con una explicación del proceso (y los elementos esenciales dentro de este) de la integración de los recuerdos traumáticos y este proceso será demostrado en el DVD de María, una mujer con trastorno de identidad disociativos. Podemos señalar y analizar escenas particulares, dependiendo de las peticiones que hagan los participantes a la presentación. Por ejemplo, escenas acerca de la confirmación de posiciones de ANP y EP al principio de la sesión, atacando al NC por la parte autodestructiva del yo, guiando y reviviendo experiencias, atención al presente, gestionar la ira, diferenciar entre pasado y presente, personificación, prevenir la evitación, afrontar la transferencia y facilitar la cooperación interna Después de informar acerca de los resultados de la terapia, la conclusión es que el EMDR puede ser efectivo para pacientes disociados si cumplen muchos requisitos previos. Este criterio es sobre la conceptualización de acuerdo con el modelo estructural de disociación, sobre la indicación, temporalización y preparación de las sesiones, sobre las adaptaciones del protocolo del EMDR y la integración del mismo en un tratamiento más amplio en fases del tratamiento del Trastorno de Identidad Disociativo.

Keywords: DID Dissociative Identity Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

109. Kiessling, R. (2009, August). Demystifying the cognitive interweave. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Atlanta, GA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Frequently, clinicians perceive that the cognitive interweave stems from either a well-constructed table of ‘cause and effect’ criteria or is magically ‘conjured’ up by a wizardry clinician. This practical, down-to-earth, basic workshops will ‘demystify’ the cognitive interweave for all clinicians who have completed the Basic Training. Participants will understand the cognitive interweave and how it seamlessly integrates into the AIP model, how preparing for the cognitive interweave begins at intake and continues to develop throughout the client’s reprocessing, and how to utilize their own clinical ‘wizardry’ skills ‘on-the-fly’ when needed to assist clients in successfully reprocessing their traumatic experiences.

Keywords: Cognitive Interweave

Accuracy Verified: Yes

110. Torres, R. V. (2012, Novembro). Depressão por parto na adoção: A cura pelo EMDR [Partum depression after adoption: The EMDR cure]. In Casos Clínicos I. Apresentação no II Congresso Brasileiro de EMDR, Brasília, Brasil.

Language: Portuguese

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Esse trabalho tem o objetivo de apresentar um caso clínico, de uma paciente de 46 anos, no período de adaptação da adoção de uma criança de cinco anos. As dificuldades apresentadas inicialmente eram relacionadas: à vinculação afetiva materna, ao exercício dos cuidados físicos e afetivos com a criança, ao exercício e à percepção do papel materno, aliados a fortes sintomas somáticos. Com a existência de grande desejo de ser mãe, há 15 anos fazia tratamento para engravidar. A adoção não representava um tabu para a mesma. No entanto, a infância vinha à tona com frequência e representava grande parte de seu sofrimento: sua mãe estava com 46 anos quando de seu nascimento e, desde então, fora acometida de enfermidades por toda sua vida, impedindo a realização de cuidados físicos e afetivos para com ela. Foram realizadas 20 sessões de EMDR e as experiências traumáticas da relação mãe x filha, bem como os medos de repetir a história passada, foram processados a uma resolução adaptativa, que permitiram a assimilação de suas lembranças passadas e a incorporação de padrões para experiências positivas, possibilitando a oportunidade de ampliar conexões com redes positivas. As memórias armazenadas que serviam de base para percepção, atitudes e comportamentos foram reprocessadas e, com isso, os sintomas físicos foram extintos, de maneira a permitir que a paciente assumisse uma nova postura frente à maternidade. A percepção sobre sua mãe foi alterada e conseguiu trazer à tona bons momentos de sua infância com a mãe. Também foi reprocessada uma situação relacionada ao perdão mútuo. A paciente hoje vive o processo de maternidade forma saudável e feliz, e 04 meses após o encerramento das sessões, adotou um menino de 03 meses de vida, sem que os sintomas reaparecessem.

This paper aims to present a clinical case of a patient of 46 years in the adjustment period from the adoption of a child of five. Difficulties were initially related: the linking maternal affection, exercise and physical care of the child with affection, exercise and perception of the maternal role, coupled with strong somatic symptoms. With the existence of a great desire to be a mother 15 years ago was receiving treatment for getting pregnant. The adoption did not represent a taboo for the same. However, childhood came to the fore and often represented a large part of his suffering: his mother was 46 years old when his birth and has since been stricken with illness throughout his life, preventing the achievement of physical and emotional care to her. Were performed 20 sessions of EMDR and traumatic experiences of the mother x daughter, as well as fears of repeating past history, were processed to an adaptive resolution, which allowed the assimilation of their past memories and incorporation of standards for positive experiences, allowing the opportunity to expand connections with positive networks. The stored memories that served as the basis for perception, attitudes and behaviors were reprocessed and, therefore, the physical symptoms were abolished, so as to allow the patient to assume a new stance facing the motherhood. The perception has changed about his mother and managed to bring out good moments of his childhood with his mother. It was also reprocessed a situation related to mutual forgiveness. The patient now lives the process of motherhood healthy and happy, and 04 months after the close of the session, adopted a boy of 03 months, without symptoms reappeared.

Keywords: Adoption Motherhood Postpartum Depression

Accuracy Verified: Yes

111. Shapiro, F. (2009). Desensibilizacion y reprocesamiento por medio de movimiento ocular (EMDR) [Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)]. Pax Mexico L.C.C.S.A.

Language: Spanish

Format: Book

Abstract:
En tan solo unos cuantos años, el modo EMDR se ha convertido en el tratamiento más elaborado para el desorden de estrés postraumático (entre otras perturbaciones). El método EMDR es un tratamiento legítimo y poderoso. Modelo integral y eficiente en el tratamiento de experiencias perturbadoras, el método EMDR incorpora diversos aspectos de terapias sistémicas, psicodinámicas, experienciales, conductuales y corporales. Consiste en ocho fases que comprenden el uso de movimientos oculares y otras formas de estimulación izquierda-derecha. Es eficaz para tratar el desorden de estrés postraumático y reprocesar pensamientos y recuerdos perturbadores o problemas psicológicos de sobrevivientes de traumas, de abuso sexual, de crímenes, de combate bélico, así como de fobias y desórdenes causados por experiencias vivenciales y proporciona en poco tiempo efectos clínicos profundos y estables. Con descripciones y transcripciones detalladas, la autora guía al clínico por cada etapa del tratamiento terapéutico, desde la selección de los clientes hasta la aplicación del método y su integración dentro de un plan integral de tratamiento clínico. Escrito de manera accesible, este libro es una guía invaluable tanto para los clínicos experimentados en el tratamiento EMDR como para las personas que acaban de conocer el método, y para los estudiantes avanzados de psicología clínica y psicoterapia.

In just a few years, modeEMDR has become more elaborate treatment for PTSD (among other disturbances) clutter. The methodEMDR is a legitimate and powerful treatment. Comprehensive and efficient model in the treatment of disturbing experiences, the methodEMDR incorporates aspects of systemic therapies, psychodynamic, experienciales, behavioural and body. Consists of eight phases comprising the use of eye movements and other forms of left-right stimulation. It is effective in treating post-traumatic stress disorder and re-processing thoughts and disturbing memories or psychological problems of survivors of trauma, sexual abuse, of crimes, war combat, as well as phobias and disorders caused by vivenciales experiences and provides deep and stable clinical effects in a short time. With descriptions and detailed transcripts, the author guides the clinical through every stage of therapeutic, treatment from clients to the implementation of the method and their integration within a comprehensive clinical treatment plan selection. Written in an accessible manner, this book is an invaluable guide for clinicians in the treatmentEMDR as for people just know the method and for advanced students of clinical psychology and psychotherapy.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: No

112. Softic, R, & Becirovic, E, (2009, Septembra). Desenzitizacija pokretima ociju i reprocesiranje (EMDR): Kada su rijeci nemocne [Desensitization of eye movements and reprocessing (EMDR): When words are disabled]. Prvi Psihoterapijski Simpozijum Bosne I Hercegovine Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Language: Serbian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Neki ljudi doţive traumatska stanja koja ne mogu u potpunosti opisati rijeĉima. Mnogi od njih nikada ni ne progovore o tome što su doţivjeli. Ali patnja se u njima nastavlja i organizam, a ĉesto i okolina plaćaju ogromnu cijenu. U takvim sluĉajevima psihoterapija koja koristi rijeĉi je nemoćna. Istraţivanja upućuju da jedna, relativno nova psihoterapijska metoda desenzitizacija pokretima oĉiju i reprocesiranje (EMDR), moţe pomoći i takvim osobama. Kada neko iskusi ozbiljnu psihološku traumu, ĉini se da dolazi do narušavanja ravnoteţe u nervnom sistemu. Ta ravnoteţa je, moguće, narušena i posredstvom razliĉitih medijatora poput adrenalina, serotonina, dopamina, kortizola itd. Zbog takve neravnoteţe onemogućeno je optimalno funkcioniranje sistema za procesiranje informacija, a informacije vezane uz traumatiĉan dogaĊaj poput slika, zvukova, afekata i fiziĉkih senzacija se zadrţavaju u disfunkcionalnom, uznemirujućem obliku. Danas izranja shvatanje da postoji неуролошки balans u razliĉitim fiziološkim sistemima što omogućuje da informacije budu procesirane na adaptivan naĉin. EMDR kod nekih traumatiziranih djeluje ĉak i kada osoba ne moţe govoriti o tome što je preţivjela. Ono što je bitno jeste da se fokusira na traumatski dogaĊaj i da suraĊuje sa terapeutom u procesu stimulisanja dualne paţnje što omogućava adaptivno procesiranje informacija. Adaptivno procesiranje znaĉi uspostavljanje adekvatnih asocijacija i pojavu da iskustvo biva konstruktivno ugraĊeno u pozitivne kognitivne i emocionalne sheme pojedinca. Odnosno, oslobaĊa od simptoma i omogućava da se nova iskustva doţive bez blokirajućeg uticaja traume.

Some people doţive traumatic conditions that can not fully describe in words. Many of them never to speak of it as doţivjeli. But the suffering in them continues and the body, and environment, and often pay a huge price. In such cases psychotherapy that uses words of the powerless. Research suggests that a relatively new psychotherapeutic methods desensitization and reprocessing eye movement (EMDR), and can help such people. When someone has experienced serious psychological trauma, it seems that there is a violation of equilibrium in the nervous system. This equilibrium is possible, and disrupted through a variety of mediators such as adrenaline, serotonin, dopamine, cortisol, etc.. Because of such imbalance prevented the optimal functioning of the system for information processing and information related to traumatic an event such as images, sounds, physical sensations and affects it retains in the dysfunctional, disturbing form. It emerges that there is understanding of neurological balance in different physiological systems, which allows information to be processed on adaptive manner. EMDR works by some traumatized even when the person can not talk about what is preţivjela. What is important is to focus on the traumatic events and to co-operate with the therapist in the process of stimulating the attention of the dual provides adaptive information processing. Adaptive processing means getting the right associations and the emergence of the experience of being a built-in positive constructive cognitive and emotional schemas of the individual. That is, oslobaĊa of symptoms and allows for new experiences doţive without blocking effects of trauma.

Keywords: Doţ ivjeli Preţ ivjela

Accuracy Verified: Yes

113. Lamprecht, F., Lempa, W., & Sack, M. (2000). Die behandlung posttraumatischer belastungsstoerungen mit EMDR [Treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder using EMDR]. Psychotherapie im Dialog, 1, 45-51.

Language: German

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Mit der EMDR-Behandlung (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) steht ein relativ neues, sehr zeitökonomisches Verfahren zur Behandlung der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung zur Verfügung. Es handelt sich um eine manualisierte therapeutische Methode, die in 8 Phasen eingeteilt werden kann. Anhand von 2 Kasuistiken wird die Vorgehensweise der EMDR-Behandlung veranschaulicht. Eigene Arbeitserfahrungen und Forschungsergebnisse ergeben ein sehr positives Bild von der Wirksamkeit der EMDR-Behandlung. Auch auf der Basis der international vorliegenden Forschungsergebnisse kann daher der Schluss gezogen werden, dass EMDR eine effektive und ökonomische Methode der Behandlung Posttraumatischer Belastungsstörungen darstellt.

With EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is a relatively new, very time-economical method for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder are available. It is a manualized therapeutic method that can be divided into 8 phases. Based on 2 case reports the approach of EMDR is illustrated. Own work experiences and research results give a very positive picture of the effectiveness of EMDR treatment. Also on the basis of the internationally available research can therefore be concluded that EMDR is an effective and economical method of treating post-traumatic stress disorder the circuit.

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Stabilization Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

114. Leuenberger, R. (2008). Die EMDR - Methode und ihr bezug zurbersten grundmotivation [EMDR - the method and its relation to basic motivation]. Existenzanalyse, 25(1), 44-53.

Language: German

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
In dieser Arbeit soll gezeigt werden, dass aufgrund der während vier Jahren in einer ärztlichen Grundversorgerpraxis mit der EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprozessing)-Methode gesammelten Erfahrungen zur Behandlung psychisch traumatisierter Patienten mit einer PTBS (posttraumatische Belastungsstörung) über die gängigen, zum Teil hypothetischen neurobiologischen Erklärungsversuche hinaus, die Existenzanalyse sehr viel zum psychologischen wie auch philosophischen Verständnis dieser Methode beitragen kann. Aus den verbalen Äusserungen der Patienten vor, während und nach der Behandlung kann geschlossen werden, dass von den betroffenen Defiziten der vier Grundmotivationen der Existenzanalyse die der ersten Grundmotivation am meisten Bedeutung haben. Anhand von 23 Krankengeschichten werden die Wirkfaktoren der EMDR-Methode mit den Begriffen der ersten Grundmotivation existenzanalytisch verstehbar.

This thesis should demonstrate that existential analysis can make a substantial contribution to the psychological as well as philosophical understanding of the EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprozessing) method of treating mentally traumatized patients with a PTSD (Posttraumatic Stress Disorder), and thus extends beyond the common, and to some degree hypothetical, neurobiological attempts at explaining this method. The study is based on the experiences collected over a period of four years in the practice of a general practitioner who used the EMDR method in the treatment of patients suffering from PTSD. According to the verbal statements of patients made before, during and after treatment, it can be concluded that of the relevant deficiencies in the areas of the four fundamental motivations of existential analysis, those having to do with the first fundamental motivation bear the most significance. On the basis of 23 medical histories the effective factors of the EMDR method will become understandable from an existential-analytic point of view by using the concepts of the first fundamental motivation.

Keywords: Existential Analysis: Fundamental Motivation Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

115. Vanderlinden, J., & van Bellinghen, M. (2007). Dilemma’s voor de therapeut: De behandeling van een onder doodsbedreiging verkrachte vrouw [Dilemmas for the therapist: Treatment of a raped woman under death threat]. Directieve Therapie, 27(2), 58-62. doi:10.1007/BF03056845 .

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
In dit artikel wordt de behandeling beschreven van een vrouw met een ernstige eenmalige traumatische ervaring. Na een moeizame start waarbij de cliënte aanvankelijk psychiatrisch-psychotherapeutisch wordt begeleid, komt er een spectaculaire verbetering na één sessie EMDR. Deze verbetering houdt echter slechts tijdelijk stand, onder meer omdat cliënte zich plotseling erg bedreigd voelt ten gevolge van een gerechtelijke beslissing. Deze tijdelijke terugval illustreert hoe de maatschappelijke en juridische context bijdragen aan het verwerken van ernstige traumatische gebeurtenissen. Tot slot volgt een reflectie op allerlei therapeutische dilemma’s bij planning van deze traumabehandeling.

This article describes the treatment of a woman who was victim of a severe traumatic experience. Since a psychotherapeutic and psychiatric approach only resulted in a small amelioration, an EMDR session was planned resulting in a spectacular improvement. The improvement however was temporarily undone when the woman received a judicial notice stating that her offender was taking the case to Supreme Court. This setback illustrates how social and judicial context attributes to the processing of extreme traumatic experiences. The article concludes with a reflection on the therapeutic dilemmas concerning this trauma treatment.

Keywords: Death Threat Rape Women

Accuracy Verified: Yes

116. O'Connor, M., Russell, A., & Mueller, K. (2008, June). A discussion forum for child practitioners. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Assocation, London, England.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The aim of this workshop is to provide participants with an opportunity to join a discussion led by a group of Child Trained EMDR Consultants. The focus of the discussion will be on the most frequently voiced queries, issues and concerns raised by EMDR child practitioners in the various support and supervision groups across the UK. Participants will be invited to join the discussion amongst Panel Members as they share learning arising from their experiences of leading support and supervision groups where the practice issues range from work with very young children to older teenagers including those with additional support needs. Members of the Panel are from a range of professional disciplines and practice EMDR with children and adolescents in a variety of education, health and community settings.

Keywords: Child Therapists

Accuracy Verified: Yes

117. [Yoshinori Fukui]. (2009, May). Discussion on the use of the dissociative experiences scale (DES): Frequency of dissociative experinces among adolescents. EMDR研究1（1）、12月23日 [Japanese Journal of EMDR Research and Practice, 1(1), 12-23].

Language: Japanese

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This research aims to look at the frequency of dissociative experiences among adolescent population, and collect basic data. Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) was administered to 816 university students. The results on each item were analyzed and they were very similar to those of previous studies. I-T correlation and G-P analyses results indicate that discriminate power for each item is at best when cut-off of 25 or less is applied. Since the data was not distributed normally, test for median was performed and the same result was obtained. On top of that, to secure the normal distribution of the data, square root transformation was undertaken before the two analyses were performed. The results suggest that on G-P analysis, in order to increase discriminate power, the cut-off needs to be less than 16. However, when false negative and positive were taken into consideration, it was off from practical use. And when compared with other researches, it became apparent that depending on the context of measurers used with DES, there is a possibility of subjecrs being biased. Also it was suggested that items on DES are useful in screening DID but they are not measuring the overall spectrum of dissociative disorder.

Keywords: Adolescence DES Dissociative Experience Dissociative Experiences Scale

Accuracy Verified: Yes

118. Cotraccia, A. (2008, June). Disorganized attachment in the “worried well”: EMDR in the treatment of adjustment disorders. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop will begin with a focus on current Adjustment Disorder literature. This section will highlight problems of intrapersonal and interpersonal attunement as defined from an Interpersonal Neurobiological perspective. Furthermore, literature on attachment theory will explore the importance of contingent communication in the development of an integrated mind. The relevance of intersubjective experience in adaptive information processing will help participants learn to identify experiences of misattuned communication as relational trauma. Information processing will further be explored as related to self states. An emphasis on recognizing “cohesive vs coherent” self states will be made. The understanding of the multiplicity of the mind in this section will provide a context for considering dissociation from an attachment theory perspective. In addition the emergence of cohesive and “disaggregated” self states will be highlighted as a result of the disorganized attachment experience. This particular type of relational trauma will be conceptualized as a betrayal trauma. Disavowal of self states will be established as salient in the vagueness of presenting complaints in the patient with an Adjustment Disorder. AIP case conceptualization of Adjustment Disorders will be established and a focus for the remainder of the workshop. Identification of memory networks associated with disorganized/unresolved experiences and integration of cohesive self states will follow. The 8 phased 3 pronged protocol or modified egostate specific targeting will be highlighted with a case study. Participants will learn to organize a treatment plan around negative cognitions, affects and behaviours reflected in the presenting problem and history.

Keywords: Adjustment Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

119. van der Hart, O. (2011, March). Dissociation of the personality: The key to understanding chronic traumatisation and a guide to EMDR treatment. Preconference presentation at the 9th annual Conference of the EMDR UK & Ireland, Bristol.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
There is currently consensus that the EMDR standard protocol needs to be modified for chronically traumatized clients, such as clients with complex dissociative disorders, as it may destabilize them. Therefore, therapists need to have a good understanding of the dissociative personality structure that exists in these clients. Dissociation is an undue division of the personality among two or more biopsychosocial systems or “dissociative parts” that comprise the survivor’s personality. One or more of them function in daily life; others are fixated in traumatic experiences, are living in trauma-time. The more severe the traumatisation, the more dissociative parts, involving more complex trauma-related disorders, can be expected to exist. Dissociative parts have psychobiological boundaries that are maintained, to a large degree, by different trauma-related phobias, which are systematically resolved in phase-oriented treatment. Indeed, participants will be able to describe structural dissociation of the personality as a specific form of integrative failure that needs to be overcome in phase-oriented treatment, identify ways of relating dissociative symptoms to the underlying dissociation of the personality, and identify targets such as the dissociation-maintaining phobias, for EMDR interventions in the respective treatment phases. The emphasis will be on the preparatory work, including how to work with dissociative parts living in trauma-time and those perceived as being malevolent, necessary before focusing on the integration of traumatic memories.

Keywords: Dissocation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

120. van der Hart, O. (2010, September/October). Dissociation of the personality: The key to understanding chronic traumatization and its treatment. Plenary presented at the annual meeting of EMDR International Association, Minneapolis, MN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR treatment of complex trauma-related disorders may benefit from a clear understanding of the dissociative nature of these disorders. Dissociation is an undue division of the personality among two or more psychobiological systems or “dissociative parts” that comprise the survivor’s personality. One or more of them function in daily life; others are fixated in traumatic experiences. The more severe the traumatization, the more dissociative parts, involving more complex trauma-related disorders, can be expected to exist. Dissociative parts have psychobiological boundaries that are maintained, to a large degree, by different trauma-related phobias, which should be systematically resolved in phase-oriented treatment. Participants will be able to describe structural dissociation of the personality as a specific form of integrative failure that needs to be overcome in phase-oriented treatment, identify ways of relating dissociative symptoms to the underlying dissociation of the personality, and identify targets for EMDR interventions in each of the three treatment phases in terms of overcoming specific phobias.

Keywords: Chronic Traumatization Plenary

Accuracy Verified: Yes

121. van der Hart, O. (2007). Dissociation: The key to understanding and treating traumitization. Keynote presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
A precise understanding of trauma-related dissociation is essential for clinical practice, including the use of EMDR with traumatized patients. The existence of many conflicting and vague definitions of dissociation that include a mixture of constructs has obscured understanding of the nature of dissociation. Thus, it is viewed alternately as a process, a structure, a defense mechanism, a deficit, and as various symptoms. Most contemporary clinicians and researchers working with traumatized people have lost a connection with the unifying and comprehensive theory of trauma-related dissociation already outlined over the course of the history of psychiatry. Thus, a return to the original major studies on trauma-related dissociation is essential in clarifying the concept of dissociation, in reconciling it with contemporary science, and in realizing its importance in treatment. The works of two Masters will be used to highlight this basic concept: Pierre Janet (1859-1947) and Charles Myers (1873-1947). The theory of structural dissociation of the personality integrates their original views on dissociation with modern findings from clinical practice and research and developments in the neurosciences. It emphasizes that the personality system of the trauma survivor becomes structurally divided into two or more self-conscious psychobiological subsystems. Some of these subsystems, which we have called “dissociative parts of the personality”, are engaged in daily living and avoidance of traumatic memories, other parts are fixated in traumatic experiences and essentially engaged in animal defensive actions toward perceived danger. More severe chronic traumatization leads to more complex structural dissociation, and thus to more complex trauma-related disorders. Although short-term, intensive treatments such as prolonged exposure and EMDR are appropriate for simple trauma-related disorders, a phase-oriented treatment is the standard of care formore complex disorders. Regardless of treatment modalities employed, be it EMDR or other approaches, therapists need to be skilled in the recognition of symptoms of dissociation and in special treatment approaches that support personality integration among dissociative parts, particularly in working with traumatic memories.

Keywords: Dissociation Keynote

Accuracy Verified: Yes

122. Zucker, M., Spinazzola, J., Blaustein, M., & van der Kolk, B. A. (2006). Dissociative symptomatology in posttraumatic stress disorder and disorders of extreme stress. Journal of Trauma and Dissociation, 7(1), 19-32. doi:10.1300/J229v07n01_03.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The present study was designed to assess differences in dissociative symptoms in adults with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) vs. PTSD plus Disorders of Extreme Stress Not Otherwise Specified (DESNOS). This study was done for two reasons: (1) to better understand the clinical profile of DESNOS clients in order to inform more effective treatment, and (2) to further empirical research on the validity of the DESNOS construct. To assess severity of dissociative symptoms, the authors administered the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) to 155 participants with PTSD. Using the Structured Interview for Disorders of Extreme Stress (SIDES), participants were divided into two groups: those who also met criteria for DESNOS and those who did not. DES means are provided for the two groups. Participants with PTSD plus DESNOS scored higher than participants with only PTSD on the measure of dissociative symptomatology, particularly on the DES scales that tap absorption/fantasy and depersonalization/derealization. The two groups did not differ on the amnesia subscale of the DES. Findings support the construct validity of the DESNOS concept and further delineate the clinical profiles of community-based PTSD with and without DESNOS, thus contributing to the knowledge base on the assessment of complex adaptations to trauma. [Article copies available for a fee from The Haworth Document Delivery Service: 1-800-HAWORTH. E-mail address: Website: © 2006 by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved.]

Keywords: DES DESNOS Dissociation Dissociative Experiences Scale Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

123. Tym, R., Dyck, M., & McGrath, G. (2000, July-August). Does a visual perceptual disturbance characterize trauma-related anxiety syndromes?. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 14(4), 377-394. doi:10.1016/S0887-6185(00)00029-3.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The i-test was developed to assess the visual-perceptual disturbances (VPDs) frequently reported by anxious patients. Persons with the disturbance report a specific abnormal illusion of movement when they maintain a fixed gaze at the i-test stimulus. Base rates for positive responses to the i-test and for reports of a "recurrent specific memory" (RSM) of a fear experience were obtained in psychiatric outpatient (n = 301) and community (n = 128) samples. In each case, approximately one fifth of participants had a positive response to the i-test and one fifth of participants reported an RSM of fear. A positive response to the i-test is observed in women more frequently than in men. Among psychiatric patients, approximately 90% of patients who report one symptom also report the other symptom; among community members, the concordance rate is approximately 33%. When psychiatric patients with both an abnormal illusion of movement response and an RSM of trauma are treated with eye movement desensitization, both symptoms are removed in 70% of cases; when these patients undergo some other form of treatment, both symptoms are removed in 30% of cases. These results indicate that the i-test is an effective way of identifying VPDs associated with psychopathologic conditions; the association between the abnormal illusion of movement and reports of recurrent specific memories of fear experiences suggests that the VPD may be a marker of traumatic stress syndromes. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adolescents Adults Assessment Children Depressive Disorders Females Males Injuries Memory Retrieval Techniques Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Somatic Symptoms Survivors Treatment Effectiveness Visual Hallucinations Witnesses

Accuracy Verified: Yes

124. Tate, K. (2003). Does naturally occurring EMDR-like phenomena in the work environment increase employment risk for survivors of violent crimes?. Mental Health Santuary. Retrieved from http://www.naturalhealthweb.com/articles/tate1.html on 3/29/2013.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is a controversial yet exciting therapy that assists many, including survivors of violent crimes to process their experiences so that they can move forward in their healing. The therapist deliberately stimulates left-right brain processing while facilitating an environment similar to that experienced while dreaming. It is particularly effective in treating people with post traumatic stress disorder. While this carefully constructed set of circumstances is beneficial in the hands of a qualified EMDR practitioner and in a safe environment, is it possible that the very factors which lead to healing in EMDR therapy present themselves unawares outside the clinical environment causing post-traumatic stress episodes? The actual triggers leading to a post traumatic stress episode vary, but perhaps upon inspection a naturally occurring commonality mimicking the EMDR phenomenon is present. Although eye movements are the most commonly used external stimulus employed by EMDR therapists, they also use auditory tones, tapping, or other types of tactile stimulation. Are there naturally occurring corollaries in the everyday environment which would make it difficult for a survivor of violent crime to function in their day to day duties? Are work tasks unknowingly triggering the beginnings of an EMDR session without the presence of an EMDR practitioner to facilitate the information processing? Is a post-traumatic stress response the result? Survivors of violent crimes are at high risk for employment. Does Naturally Occurring EMDR-Like Phenomena in the Work Environment Increase Employment Risk for Survivors of Violent Crimes?

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PSTD Survivors Violent Crimes

Accuracy Verified: Yes

125. Ravaglia, G. (2003). E.M.D.R. e percorso analitico [EMDR and path analysis]. Gianfranco Ravaglia.

Language: Italian

Format: Other

Abstract:
Le tesi sviluppate negli scritti di questo sito rinviano a vari indirizzi psicoterapeutici che convergono nel considerare i disturbi psicologici come esiti di atteggiamenti difensivi intenzionali, anziché come "effetti" di "cause" intrapsichiche o ambientali. Il cliente in analisi non è quindi considerato un malato da curare, ma un soggetto che ha costruito le sue difese e che per questo può anche cambiare. Il lavoro analitico verte sul chiarimento delle convinzioni irrazionali su cui si fonda la strategia difensiva della persona e sull'esplorazione dei vissuti profondi non integrati nell'infanzia perché sentiti in tale epoca come intollerabili. Il lavoro analitico si basa sull'idea che i sintomi, gli atteggiamenti difensivi ed anche molti atteggiamenti considerati normali costituiscano una risposta ragionevole nell'infanzia, ma irrazionale nella vita adulta, al dolore. Il bambino evita il dolore, mentre l'adulto può accettarlo perché dispone di risorse che nell'infanzia non aveva. Il lavoro analitico ha come obiettivo l’elaborazione delle esperienze dolorose attuali e dei vissuti dolorosi del passato. Non “cura” i disturbi psicologici, ma serve a renderli superflui; consente quindi alla persona in analisi non solo di "star meglio", ma di modificare l'atteggiamento complessivo nei confronti della sua esistenza. Dal 2000 ad oggi questo sito è cresciuto includendo ogni anno nuovi lavori. Per ogni saggio indico la data della prima pubblicazione; indico anche quella dell’ultima revisione solo nei casi in cui parti significative sono state aggiunte.

The arguments in the writings of this site refer to various addresses psychotherapy converge in considering the results of psychological disorders such as defensive intentional, rather than "effects" of "causes" intrapsychic or environmental. The customer analysis is therefore not considered a patient to be cured, but a person who has built his defenses and that this may also change. The analytical work focuses on clarifying the irrational beliefs underlying the defensive strategy of the person and the exploration of deep feelings are not integrated in childhood because at that time felt as intolerable. The analytical work is based on the symptoms, the defensive and many considered normal behavior in childhood constitute a reasonable response, but irrational in adult life, the pain. The child avoids the pain, while the adult can accept it because it has resources that childhood did not have. The analytical work has as objective the development of painful experiences of current and past painful experiences. Not cure psychological disorders, but serves to make them redundant; then allows the person in analysis not only of "getting better", but change the overall attitude towards its existence. Since 2000 this site has grown to include new works each year. For each test indicates the date of first publication, also indicates that the last review only in cases where significant parts have been added.

Keywords: Path Analysis

Accuracy Verified: Yes

126. Nofal, S. (2003). E.M.D.R: Método psicoterapéutico de elección [EMDR psychotherapeutic method of choice]. Psicoterapias. Presentación en: 3º Congreso Virtual de Psiquiatria.com.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
E.M.D.R.: que significa Desensibilización y Reprocesamiento con Movimientos Oculares es un método psicoterapéutico para tratar trastornos emocionales que son causadas por experiencias abrumadoras de la vida, que van desde eventos traumáticos como guerras, accidentes, violaciones y desastres naturales, hasta situaciones traumáticas originadas en la niñez. · Se pueden tratar también además del T.E.P.T. todos los trastornos de ansiedad, depresión, desórdenes disociativos, duelos, dolor crónico, adicciones, perturbaciones somáticas, etc. en niños, adolescentes y adultos.

EMDR: meaning Desensitization and Reprocessing eye movement is a psychotherapeutic method for treating emotional disorders that are caused by overwhelming experiences of life, ranging from traumatic events such as war, accidents, violations and natural disasters, to traumatic situations arising in childhood . · You can also treat PTSD plus all anxiety disorders, depression, dissociative disorders, grief, chronic pain, addiction, somatic disturbances, etc.. in children, adolescents and adults.

Keywords: Postraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapies PTSD Stress Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

127. Grey, E. (2009, August). Earning security with EMDR. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Atlanta, GA .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The experience of safety associated with a secure attachment is essential in promoting social engagement. Social engagement requires the capacity to identify, tolerate and communicate our emotional states. This poster illustrates the pathogenic role that relational trauma plays in thwarting such intrapersonal attunement necessary for interpersonal integration. In particular, disorganized attachment experiences are highlighted as small-t traumas and “touchstone memories” related to “affect phobias”. These phobias are key psychopathological agents that maintain dissociative barriers between components of internal working models of self and other involved in attachment relationships. Internal working models related to disorganized attachment experiences include segregated information of parent/child interactions in which the parent is the “source and solution of the child’s fright”. The establishment of “trauma coded” internal working models is instrumental in the development of “extra-personal attunement”. As opposed to intrapersonal attunement, extra-personal attunement is characterized by a preoccupation with the feelings, thoughts, and behaviors of others and simultaneous dissociation of one’s own internal experience. In the wake of such relational trauma, the adaptive information processing system within the individual becomes “corrupt”. The AIP model provides a way to understand the salience of dysfunctionally held information in the brain in thwarting interpersonal attunement and intrapersonal attunement and maintenance of a “corrupt information processing system”. Furthermore, it assists in the clinical navigation of the paths between memory, internal working models, and auto and interactive psychobiological regulation. From a clearer point of view and with an appreciation for the vulnerability of relational misattunement to be traumatic relevant EMDR processing targets can be indentified and targeted. In addition, this AIP conceptualization of relational trauma offers a parsimonious framework within which the effects of trauma can been seen in a variety of psychopathologies. From adjustment disorders to dissociative identity disorder the feeling of “insecurity” associated with relationships reinforces extra-personal attunement and avoidance of interactive regulation necessary for social engagement. In addition, extrapersonal attunement leads to a preoccupation with the emotional states of others, avoidance of social engagement and substitution of work, play, food, and sex to regulate distress and amplify positive affect. This poster will offer an Adaptive Information Processing model conceptualization of relational trauma and will outline the role of EMDR in reducing phobic responses to innate affect. It will also highlight the identification and processing of touchstone memories related to disorganized attachment experiences in both the standard EMDR protocol and the adapted “Ego-state specific” protocol. These interventions will be portrayed as necessary components of a comprehensive treatment plan in the treatment of relational trauma. Finally the successful treatment of relational trauma will be depicted as a relevant in promoting intrapersonal attunement necessary for interpersonal integration.

Keywords: Affect Phobias Phobias Relational Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

128. Cotraccia, T. (2009, August). Earning security with EMDR - Promoting social engagement in the wake of relational trauma. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Atlanta, GA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Poster Social Engagement

Accuracy Verified: Yes

129. Temple, M. (2011, October). Eating disorders and EMDR. Presentation at the 3rd annual EMDR Autumn Workshop Conference, Durham, England.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop will focus on EMDR in eating disorders, particularly Anorexia Nervosa, commencing with a review of the evidence base particularly in relation to EMDR and perspective on aetiology / causations. The discussion will focus on physical risks and need for combined multi-disciplinary working for safe management with a specific focus on published EMDR work and the importance of the preparatory / resource phase. Target areas for using EMDR including identified trauma, attachment / abandonment issues, fear of need / emotion, specific experiences of the anorexia itself and symptom areas such as body image distortion will all be considered leading to a possible overall ‘EMDR and Eating Disorders’ model. (Author abstract)

Keywords: Eating Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

130. Graham, L. B., & Robinson, E. M. (2007, Spring). Effect of EMDR on anxiety and swim times. Journal of Swimming Research, 17, 1-9.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This study investigated the effect of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) on swimmers who had experienced a traumatic swimming event. Measures of performance, anxiety, and self-perception in (N = 65) competitive college and high school swimmers were collected Swimmers were randomly assigned to one of three conditions; EMDR, imagery or no treatment. All participants took the State-Trait Anxiety Scale and performed a 100 yd freestyle swim pretreatment and posttreatment. The EMDR and imagery group had two additional anxiety measures: [heart rate and Subjective Units of Distress, (SUDS)] and one cognition scale the Validity of Cognition Scale. These two groups had three sessions of either EMDR or imagery. Trait anxiety scores did not differ among groups as expected but the EMDR group's state anxiety decreased compared to the no treatment group p = .002. Heart rate and SUDS decreased as a consequence of group, with EMDR showing a drop in rate p < .001. Swim times were not different for all the groups, but EMDR improved compared to the no treatment p = .043. The EMDR group endorsed greater coping beliefs than the imagery group p < .01. EMDR may provide coaches with an alternative to imagery to help the athlete who has a "mental block" (negative thoughts indicating inability to cope with the swimming event) secondary to a traumatic sport

Keywords: Anxiety Swimming

Accuracy Verified: Yes

131. Uribe, M. E. R., Ramirez, E. O. L., & Mena, I. J. (2010, May). Effect of the EMDR psychotherapeutic approach on emotional cognitive processing in patients with depression. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 13(1), 396-405. doi:10.1017/S1138741600003966.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The current investigation, framed within the emotional cognitive science field, was conducted with three patients with major depression. They participated in a therapeutic process which involved EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing). Data were obtained in the clinical practice through a longitudinal one subject study design, including: emotional valence identification within affective priming experiments; and depressive emotional representation studies, the data of which was analyzed using multidimensional scaling. The first ones had the purpose of observing the therapeutic impact over the emotional cognitive bias mechanism regarding depresogenic words related to traumatic experiences; and the second, to analyze modifications on depressive schemata. The results showed that EMDR had a positive effect both on emotional cognitive processing and on long-term memory conceptual organization. In the discussion section, interesting remarks are made on the incorporation of emotional cognitive science tools to the EMDR clinical practice

Keywords: Depression Emotional Cognitive Processing

Accuracy Verified: Yes

132. Becich, H. A. (1995). The effect of varying the rate of the eye movements in eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR) with battered women. California School of Professional Psychology, Los Angeles, CA. AAT 9531596.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
The rapid saccades used in eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR) have been reputed to be critical to its efficacy. To evaluate this hypothesis, the rate of the eye movements was varied in this study. Subjects included 27 battered women who were rated PTSD-positive by a modified version of the Symptom Checklist (MSC). Participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: EMDR Fast, EMDR Slow or Control.Prior to treatment, subjects completed the Revised Impact of Events Scale (IES). Treatment involved one experimental session lasting up to 90 minutes. Dependent variables included the Subjective Units of Distress (SUDs) (derived from the Subjective Units of Disturbance Scale), the Validity of Cognition (VOC) and the Vividness of Traumatic Image (VTI) Scales as well as the Intrusion subscales of the MSC and the IES. At post-treatment one week later, subjects again provided responses to the five dependent variables and, for ethical reasons, were provided another session of treatment at the EMDR Fast rate if their SUDs were 2 or greater. Results of the mixed, two factor analyses indicated no differences between the groups. Hence, the outcomes showed that the rapid eye movements did not provide a differential treatment effect as hypothesized. All groups experienced improvement on the SUDs and VTI Scales and the MSC Intrusion subscale, supporting occurrence of an exposure effect. This investigation was the first controlled EMDR study conducted with battered women, as well as the first experiment on this procedure using a clinical population in which the rate of the eye movements was varied. [Author Abstract] Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 56(5-B), Nov 1995, pp. 2854

Keywords: Adults Americans Battery Empirical Study Follow-up Study Females Posttraumatic Stress DIsorder PTSD Spouse Abuse Survivors Treatment Effectiveness Treatment Outcome/Clinical Trial

Accuracy Verified: Yes

133. Manfield, P. (2006, September). Effective EMDR targeting with couples. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Philadelphia, PA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The workshop begins with a discussion of which clients this technique is appropriate for. The technique is not recommended for couples in which either or both partners do not have adequate affect tolerance, observing ego, or trust of each other's integrety. Other risk factors for using EMDR in couples therapy that have been highlighted in other presentations and literature will be briefly reviewed. Participants will learn to differentiate between clients' statements that represent present experience and those that represent concepts of present experience or reporting of past experiences. Participants will be taught specific interventions which they will practice in guided exercise that will enable them to facilitate both individuals and couples to stay in their present experience during EMDR targeting. Irrational emotional responses to daily interactions and conflicts are often the result of unresolved issues resulting from underlying feeder memories. Participants will learn a simple method for identifying underlying issues of each individual partner related to a given conflict. The final and most substantial portion of this presentation will be focused on using a refined "affect bridge" technique to identify the feeder memories associated with those issues so that they can be targeted with the standard EMDR protocol. Specific methods will be taught to overcome clients' resistance and difficulties with accessing memories; these methods include use of accessing cues (re: Neurolinguistic Programming) and developing eidetics (re: Eidetic Psychotherapy) These methods will be illustrated using a case transcript, guided participant experiential exercise, and live demonstration.

Keywords: Couples Couples Therapy Targeting

Accuracy Verified: Yes

134. Nettz, S. L. (1995, August). Effects of a single session of EMDR, flooding, and a credible placebo treatment on traumatic memories in male veterans. Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL. AAT 9614404.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
This study explored the effectiveness of a single session of three different treatments for traumatic memories. Subjects were 45 adult males, randomly assigned to Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), Flooding, or Placebo therapy (Modified Avoidance Response Conditioning [ MARC]). Self-report and physiological measures were employed to measure treatment effectiveness. Subjects completed the following pre-treatment inventories: Michigan Alcohol Screening Test, Impact of Event Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Questionnaire on Mental Imagery, and the Treatment Credibility Questionnaire. Post-treatment measures included self-report measures (Subjective Units of Distress [ SUDs] and Treatment Credibility Questionnaire) and physiological measures (heart rate, skin conductance, and skin temperature). Treatments were rated as equally credible before and after the session. Both EMDR and Flooding produced a significant decrease in the self-report of anxiety compared to the Placebo (MARC) group. Neither heart rate or skin conductance channels showed a significant change for any of the three groups during post-treatment assessment phases. However, skin temperature was significantly lower for the Flooding group compared to the MARC group during two post-treatment phases, suggesting that the Flooding group was more physiologically aroused than Placebo (MARC) subjects. Findings suggest that during Flooding, exposure to disturbing elements of a trauma is associated with physiological arousal, which in turn leads to lessening of subjective distress. However, a different mechanism may account for EMDR treatment effects. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved) Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 57(1-B), Jul 1996, pp. 0687

Keywords: Adults Emotional Trauma Empirical Study Evaluation Male Memory Military Treatment Effectiveness Treatment Outcome/Clinical Trial Veterans

Accuracy Verified: Yes

135. Wills, S. M., & Kraber, G. (2001, December). The effects of exposure-based therapy on attitudes about guilt in Vietnam combat veterans. Poster presented at the 17th annual meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, New Orleans, LA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
There has long been consistent agreement that guilt has both cognitive and affective dimensions. Cognitive components of guilt can be seen in the errors of logic and resulting faulty conclusions that trauma victims often make about their roles in traumatic events. The present investigation will present outcome data on the Changing Attitudes About Guilt in a group of Vietnam Combat Veterans who were treated in a 20-week program that included a combination of Cognitive Processing group therapy and individual Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR). The ten veterans participated in a structured, time-limited trauma group in which they addressed issues peripheral to combat exposure in 20 weekly 90-minute group sessions. Each individual group member also underwent a minimum of theree individual EMDR sessions to process traumatic combat experiences. The Kubany Attitudes About Guilt Inventory was administered at the beginning of the group prior to EMDR sessions and again at the final session of group. Post-group follow up data is also included in this presentation.

Keywords: Combat Group Therapy Poster Veterans Vietnam

Accuracy Verified: Yes

136. Hampel, J. C. (1997, November). The effects of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) on self-reported test anxiety in college students. Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI. AAT 9732881.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Test anxiety is a common problem among students in western culture due to the importance of academic achievement and the consequences for failure. Many consider test anxiety to be primarily an issue of poor study habits and test readiness. However, some students who appear to possess excellent study habits also appear to experience severe anxiety during tests. A recent meta-analysis of test anxiety research substantiated these claims, finding that test anxiety appeared to be an emotionally-based as opposed to a cognitively-based problem. Despite these findings, the etiologies for test anxiety remain unknown. Similar to nearly all DSM-IV diagnostic categories, test anxiety is a syndrome with no known pathognomonic sign(s) which singularly diagnose the condition. Hence, treatments for test anxiety, as for nearly all other DSM-IV mental disorders are symptomatic as opposed to strategic. Unfortunately, there are few symptomatic treatments for test anxiety that are both efficient and effective.Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), which was developed for the symptomatic treatment of PTSD, was chosen to treat the symptoms of test anxiety for the following essential reasons: (a) the reported efficacy of EMDR with PTSD; (b) the similarities between test anxiety and PTSD that include intrusive thoughts, inability to concentrate, behavioral avoidance, and emotional symptomatology; and (c) the need for a brief, effective symptomatic treatment for test anxiety. Using a waiting control group against which to compare the treatment group and subsequently replicate treatment effects, the results found that EMDR was highly effective for the symptomatic reduction of self-reported test anxiety as measured by all test anxiety scales. Moreover, these results also suggest that measures of study habits and attitudes are also sensitive to enhancement as a result of treatment with EMD/R. Although the current results did not suggest specific mechanism(s) by which EMDR was effective, the pattern of highly effective results across widely different types of test anxiety presentations suggests the actions of an active placebo treatment. It is suggested that future research contrast EMD/R with known active placebo protocols. [Author Abstract] Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 58(5-B), Nov 1997, pp. 2676.

Keywords: Anxiety Disorders College Students Empirical Study Life Experiences Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

137. Johnson, M. D. (1996, June). Effects of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing on test anxiety. Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX. AAT 9716578.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) was introduced (Shapiro, 1989) as a treatment for traumatic memories. The necessity of eye movements or another activating stimuli in the treatment of test anxiety and the effectiveness of EMDR as a treatment for test anxiety is the focus of the present study. This study screened subjects for adequate study skills and the presence of test anxiety, and randomly assigned 45 subjects to one of three conditions: EMDR, EMDR with no activating stimuli (EMDR/NS; eyes closed), and a no treatment control group. The results of this study suggest that EMDR and EMDR/NS were equally effective in treating test anxiety and more effective than the control group as measured by the Achievement Anxiety Test, the Emotionality scale of the Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI), the Subjective Units of Disturbance scale, and the Validity of Cognition scale. Test performance and the Worry Scale of the TAI were not significantly impacted by the treatment groups. The inability of EMDR to impact the worry scale or the test performance of subjects in this study draws into question the usefulness of EMDR as a treatment of test anxiety. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved) Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 57(12-B), Jun 1997, pp. 7730.

Keywords: Empirical Study Test Anxiety

Accuracy Verified: Yes

138. Choi, K. M., Min, J. A., Park, G. H., Lee, S.-H., & Chae, J.-H. (2011). The effects of horizontal eye movement on mental health indices and psychophysiological activities in healthy subjects. Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 18(3), 148-158.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Objectives: The eye movement (EM) has been reported to play a role in enhancing the retrieval of episodic memories and reducing effects of fearful episodes in the past and worries for the futures. However, it is still unclear in the mechanism of EM in normal subjects. We examined the horizontal eye movement (HEM) effect using an aiding apparatus on mental health indices including negative and positive psychological factors, and psychophysiological measures such as heart rate variability and quantitative electroencepaholography (qEEG) in healthy subjects.
Methods: Twenty eight healthy subjects were recruited and randomly allocated into two groups : active HEM group and control group. The active HEM group conducted the HEM training with usual stress management audio-intervention using the apparatus inducing eye movement once a day for 14 days. The control group also conducted the same training once a day for 14 days, however, the saccadic eye movement was not included in this training. Psychological measurements, neurocognitive function tests, heart rate variability measurement and qEEG were conducted before and after the training in both groups.
Results: In the active HEM group, sleep status using Sleep Quality Scale (SQS) positive factors significantly increased after the training. By contrast, scores on the negative items of Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWBS), and negative items of the Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R) were significantly decreased after the training. The percentage of delta amplitude (1-3 Hz) in qEEG significantly decreased after the HEM training. The percentage of alpha amplitude (8-12 Hz) significantly increased after HEM training. The change of delta amplitude in the active HEM group was positively correlated with the change of sleep satisfaction of Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and the change of alpha amplitude was negatively correlated with depression of VAS, anxiety of VAS and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI).
Conclusions: The HEM training improved sleep quality and well-being, and sense of optimism. The HEM training also increased alpha amplitude and decreased delta amplitude in qEEG. The qEEG changes were well correlated with subjective improvement of mental health indices in healthy subjects. These results suggest some evidences that HEM training using the apparatus that induces EM would be helpful in improving subjective mental health in healthy subjects. Further study with larger samples size would be needed.

Keywords: Horitzontal Eye Movements

Accuracy Verified: Yes

139. Kavanaugh, D. J., Freese, S., Andrade, J., & May, J. (2001). Effects of visuospatial tasks on desensitization to emotive memories. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 40(3), 267-280. doi:10.1348/014466501163689.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Objectives. Intrusive memories of extreme trauma can disrupt a stepwise approach to imaginal exposure. Concurrent tasks that load the visuospatial sketchpad (VSSP) of working memory reduce the vividness of recalled images. This study tested whether relief of distress from competing VSSP tasks during imaginal exposure is at the cost of impaired desensitization. Design. This study examined repeated exposure to emotive memories using 18 unselected undergraduates and a within-subjects design with three exposure conditions (Eye Movement, Visual Noise, Exposure Alone) in random, counterbalanced order. Method. At baseline, participants recalled positive and negative experiences, and rated the vividness and emotiveness of each image. A different positive and negative recollection was then used for each condition. Vividness and emotiveness were rated after each of eight exposure trials. At a post-exposure session 1 week later, participants rated each image without any concurrent task. Results. Consistent with previous research, vividness and distress during imaging were lower during Eye Movements than in Exposure Alone, with passive visual interference giving intermediate results. A reduction in emotional responses from Baseline to Post was of similar size for the three conditions. Conclusion. Visuospatial tasks may offer a temporary response aid for imaginal exposure without affecting desensitization.

Keywords: Emotive Memories Eye Movement Imaginal Expsoure Visio-Spatial

Accuracy Verified: Yes

140. Kavanagh, D. J., Freese, S., Andrade, J., & May, J. (2001, September). Effects of visuospatial tasks on desensitization to emotive memories. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 40(3), 267–280. doi:10.1348/014466501163689.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Objective. Intrusive memories of extreme trauma can disrupt a stepwise approach to imaginal exposure. Concurrent tasks that load the visuospatial sketchpad (VSSP) of working memory reduce the vividness of recalled images. This study tested whether relief of distress from competing VSSP tasks during imaginal exposure is at the cost of impaired desensitization. Design. This study examined repeated exposure to emotive memories using 18 unselected undergraduates and a within-subjects design with three exposure conditions (Eye Movement, Visual Noise, Exposure Alone) in random, counterbalanced order. Method. At baseline, participants recalled positive and negative experiences, and rated the vividness and emotiveness of each image. A different positive and negative recollection was then used for each condition. Vividness and emotiveness were rated after each of eight exposure trials. At a post-exposure session 1 week later, participants rated each image without any concurrent task. Results. Consistent with previous research, vividness and distress during imaging were lower during Eye Movements than in Exposure Alone, with passive visual interference giving intermediate results. A reduction in emotional responses from Baseline to Post was of similar size for the three conditions. Conclusion. Visuospatial tasks may offer a temporary response aid for imaginal exposure without affecting desensitization.

Keywords: Emotive Memories Visuospatial Tasks

Accuracy Verified: Yes

141. Schubert, S. (2010, July). The efficacy and psycho physiological correlates of dual-attention tasks in EMDR. Poster presented at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Methods: Sixty-two non-clinical participants with negative autobiographical memories received a single EMDR session that involved fixed or varied rate eye movements, or exposure without eye movements. Subjective units of distress and vividness of the memory were recorded at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and 1 week follow-up. EMDR-with eye movements led to greater reduction in distress (SUDs) than EMDR-without eye movements. Psycho physiological measures were continuously recorded throughout each session. Results: Heart rate decreased significantly when eye movements began; skin conductance decreased during eye movement sets; heart rate variability and respiration rate increased significantly as eye movements continued; and orienting responses were more frequent in the eye movement than no-eye movement condition at the start of exposure. Conclusion: These findings indicate that eye movements in EMDR are beneficial, and are coupled with distinct psycho physiological changes that may aid in the processing of negative memories. Implications for clinical practice, directions for future research, and the importance of building bridges between East & West whilst conducting EMDR research will also be discussed.

Keywords: Dual Attention Poster Physiological Correlates

Accuracy Verified: Yes

142. Schubert, S. (2010, July). The efficacy and psychobiological correlates of dual-attention task. Presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The study being presented aimed to investigate the psycho physiological correlates and the effectiveness of different dualattention tasks used during eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR). Sixty-two non-clinical participants with negative autobiographical memories received a single EMDR session that involved fixed or varied rate eye movements, or exposure without eye movements. Subjective units of distress and vividness of the memory were recorded at pretreatment, post-treatment, and 1 week follow-up. EMDR-with eye movements led to greater reduction in distress (SUDs) than EMDR-without eye movements. Psycho physiological measures were continuously recorded throughout each session. Heart rate decreased significantly when eye movements began; skin conductance decreased during eye movement sets; heart rate variability and respiration rate increased significantly as eye movements continued; and orienting responses were more frequent in the eye movement than no-eye movement condition at the start of exposure. These findings indicate that eye movements in EMDR are beneficial, and are coupled with distinct psycho physiological changes that may aid in the processing of negative memories. Implications for clinical practice, directions for future research, and the importance of building bridges between East & West whilst conducting EMDR research will also be discussed.

Keywords: Dual Attention Psychophysiological Correlates

Accuracy Verified: Yes

143. Schubert, S. J., Lee, C. W., & Drummond, P. D. (2011, January). The efficacy and psychophysiological correlates of dual-attention tasks in eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 25, 1-11. doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.06.024.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This study aimed to investigate the psychophysiological correlates and the effectiveness of different dual-attention tasks used during eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Sixty-two non-clinical participants with negative autobiographical memories received a single session of EMDR without eye movements, or EMDR that included eye movements of either varied or fixed rate of speed. Subjective units of distress and vividness of the memory were recorded at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and 1 week follow-up. EMDR-with eye movements led to greater reduction in distress than EMDR-without eye movements. Heart rate decreased significantly when eye movements began; skin conductance decreased during eye movement sets; heart rate variability and respiration rate increased significantly as eye movements continued; and orienting responses were more frequent in the eye movement than no-eye movement condition at the start of exposure. Findings indicate that the eye movement component in EMDR is beneficial, and is coupled with distinct psychophysiological changes that may aid in processing negative memories.

Keywords: Eye Movements Autobiographical Memory Psychophysiology Orienting Response

Accuracy Verified: Yes

144. Bumke, P. J., & Sodemann, U. (2010, July). The efficacy of EMDR in a new context: Some findings from the ACEH survey. Symposium (Carolyn L. Neunuebel, Chair) conducted at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Context: As a response to the Tsunami in 2004 the Aceh Project organized by TraumaAid and sponsored byTDH and the BMZ from 2007 to 2009 treated more than 3200 clients for psychic disorders related to traumatic experiences .The treatment was given by Indonesian therapists who against the background of a lack of local therapists trained in psychotraumatology had to be trained within the project under the auspices of TraumaAid. This combination of EMDR-Training and EMDR-Therapy in an extremely challenging context also offered an unique opportunity for a parallel and wide ranging monitoring and evaluation of the social and diagnostic parameters involved. Methodology: To guide the therapeutic process and to check on its long term efficacy 1200 adults and 1000 children were at the outset of their therapies asked to contribute detailed diagnostic data. While for adults the Hopkins Anxiety and Depression scales along with a 42-item Harvard Trauma Questionnaire was administered, children and adolescents up to age of 17 were given an adapted version of the CBCL. At the conclusion of their therapies 20 % of all respondents were rechecked with the same diagnostic scales, another group of 5 % again after 6 months. Results: The diagnostic data indicate a dramatic improvement after therapies that involved a range of therapeutic techniques including stabilising and EMDR protocols. The relation between diagnostic dimensions (intrusions, somatic reactions, social relations, expression of feelings and attention problems) and social factors (gender, age) was further explored.

Keywords: ACEH Survey

Accuracy Verified: Yes

145. Wilson, S. A. (1995). Efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) treatment for psychologically traumatized individuals. Union Institute and University, Cincinnati, OH. AAT 9524675.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
The effects of three, 1.5-hour Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) treatment sessions on traumatic memories and psychological symptoms of 80 subjects were studied. The treatment sessions were administered within a two week period. 40 and 40 men ranging in age from 21-67 were interviewed and selected from a pool of 117. Subjects reported continuous difficulty and suffering (mean 13 years) in some area of their life since the occurrence of the traumatic event. Approximately 1/3 of subjects had no prior therapy experience. Subjects were randomly assigned to either EMDR treatment or delayed EMDR treatment condition, and to one of five EMDR trained therapists. Treatment therapists (licensed psychologists and counselors) consisted of 2 women and 2 men, each working with 5 men and 5 women in each group (gender study issues). The therapists had been trained in EMDR by Francine Shapiro. Each had various levels of EMDR experience and training, ranging from facilitator training with two to three years EMDR clinical experience, to Level I and minimal EMDR clinical experience. Treatment fidelity was consistent throughout the study. Subjects receiving EMDR showed decreases in anxiety and presenting complaints, and increases in positive self-evaluations. The six standardized tests and subjective reports were administered by an objective independent assessor (licensed psychologist) pre and post treatment, and at a 90-day follow-up. Subjects in the delayed EMDR treatment group showed no improvement on any of these measures during the 30 days before treatment. After treatment, the delayed EMDR treatment group showed decreases in anxiety and presenting complaints and increases in positive self-evaluations. All ANOVA interactions for both groups were significant at p < .001. These effects were maintained or improved at the 90-day follow-up. The main effect sizes in the present study range from 0.50 to 2.3, with an overall average of 0.93. [Author Abstract] Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 56(4-B), Oct 1995, pp. 2347

Keywords: Adults Empirical Study Stressors Survivors Treatment Effectiveness Treatment Outcome/Clinical Trial

Accuracy Verified: Yes

146. Jensen, J. A. (1992). Efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing as a treatment for PTSD symptoms of Vietnam combat veterans. University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI. AAT 9221917.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
The efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMD/R) was compared with that of a control (no treatment) condition in the treatment of Vietnam combat veterans with postraumatic stress disorder. 27 volunteer subjects were randomly assigned to the EMD/R and control conditions, with 13 EMD/R and 12 control subjects completing the entire study. Two therapists trained in EMD/R, and three trained interviewer/testers contributed in running the study.Prior to random assignment, subjects indicated one PTSD-related goal for the study. They were also assessed on a measure of present PTSD symptoms, a measure of subjective anxiety, and a measure of belief in a positive cognition related to war trauma. They were then randomly assigned to conditions, with EMD/R subjects receiving three treatment sessions within a week. Approximately 17 days after the initial assessment, each subject was retested on the measures of PTSD symptoms, subjective anxiety, and of the desired positive cognition. At this time, goal attainment was also assessed, and another general PTSD instrument was given. Statistical analysis of both test-retest and posttest only measures indicated a general lack of effectiveness of EMD/R with the subjects in this study. While EMD/R was effective and statistically superior to the control condition in reducing in-session subjective anxiety, neither condition was effective in improving scores on the two PTSD symptom measures, in contributing to goal attainment, or in increasing subjects' beliefs in their stated desired positive cognition regarding war trauma. This study's lackluster results are in sharp contrast to the considerable success reported in Shapiro'soriginal EMD/R study incorporating few combat veterans. With certain procedural diversions acknowledged, this study's findings provide little support for widespread use of EMD/R as an intervention for Vietnam combat veterans' PTSD symptoms. Implications are that combat veterans with PTSD may comprise a population with distinctly chronic and disturbing symptomotology, and that the brief and novel EMD/R procedure may not be successful with such a population. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Americans Males Middle Aged Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Treatment Effectiveness Veterans Vietnam War

Accuracy Verified: Yes

147. Enright, M. B. (1995, August). The efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in the treatment of test anxiety. University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, CO. AAT 9617465.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
This study explores the efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in the treatment of test anxiety. Thirty-five college students who scored above the 50th percentile on test anxiety were randomly assigned to either a treatment or wait-list control group. Subjects received two 1 hour sessions of EMDR. After posttesting, the control group also received EMDR treatment. The treatment group had a significant reduction in Test Anxiety Inventory total score, emotionality scale score, worry scale score, and state anxiety as compared to the control group. After treatment, the control group matched the experimental group for significant reductions on all dependent measures. The subject group as a whole had significant reductions in subjective units of distress during treatment as well as a significant increase in the validity of positive self-statements. Reductions in anxiety measures were maintained at one month follow-up. The differential effect of EMDR on subjects based on gender and pretreatment level of trait anxiety was also examined. Subjects with high trait anxiety had a greater reduction in total test anxiety, emotionality, and worry on posttesting as compared to subjects with lower trait anxiety. Males and females were found to respond equally to the treatment. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved) Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 57(2-B), Aug 1996, pp. 1436

Keywords: Anxiety Management College Students Empirical Study Test Anxiety Treatment of Test Anxiety Treatment Outcome/Clinical Trial

Accuracy Verified: Yes

148. Daroff, L. H. (1996). Efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing procedure in the treatment of traumatic memories: A replication study. Temple University, Philadelphia, PA. AAT 9632020.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
The purpose of this replication study was either to support or refute the original Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing research conducted by Shapiro. The present study was amended with two additional indices to assess anxiety and social functioning.14 subjects suffering long standing (one or more years) traumatic memory symptomatology, concerning rape, physical abuse, incest, and childhood sexual molestation, were randomly assigned to one of two treatment conditions. Traumatic memories were pivotal to presenting symptoms, which included panic attacks, self-blaming/guilt, intrusive thoughts, anxiety, nightmares, insomnia and avoidant thinking/behavior. All subjects were diagnosed with PTSD, by an independent licensed clinical psychologist. There were 13 females and 1 male. The male subject was in the Control Group. Age range was from 25 to 49 years with a Mean age of 38.64 years. Range for age of traumatic event was five to 19 years of age, with a Mean age of 10.14 years. Range for duration of the subjects' symptoms since traumatic event was 18 to 44 years with a Mean age of 28.5 years. Dependent variables were (1) anxiety level, (2) validity of a positive self-statement/assessment of the traumatic incident, (3) primary presenting symptom and (4) social adjustment. Measures utilized were the Subjective Units of Disturbance Scale (SUDS), the Validity of Cognition (VoC) self evaluation, primary presenting symptom self report, the Impact of Event Scale (IES), and the Social Adjustment-Self Report (SAS-SR). Initial measures demonstrated that all subjects were essentially the same prior to any treatment. Measures were obtained at the initial session and at 1- and 3-month follow-up sessions. Where applicable the analyses conducted paralleled those used in the original research. The results of the study indicated that a single session of EMDR successfully desensitized the subjects' traumatic memory, significantly mediated their cognitive assessment of the situation, as well as their social adjustment. Treatment effects were maintained over the period of the study for all subjects. These findings support the original conclusions in Shapiro's seminal study of the Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing procedure. The exact neurological mechanisms involved in the Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing procedure remain unknown. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Anxiety Child Abuse Empirical Study Experimental Replication Incest Memory Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Self-Evaluation Social Adjustment Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

149. Lytle, R. A., Hazlett-Stevens, H., & Borkovec, T. D. (2002). Efficacy of eye movement desensitization in the treatment of cognitive intrusions related to a past stressful event. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 16(3), 273-288. doi:10.1016/S0887-6185(02)00099-3.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Much of the Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) efficacy research has been widely criticized, limiting scientific understanding of its therapeutic components. The present investigation of Eye Movement Desensitization (EMD) effectiveness included undergraduate students reporting current intrusive cognitions concerning a traumatic event. Forty-five participants received a single treatment session of either: (a) EMD, as described by Shapiro [J. Behav. Ther. Exp. Psychiatry 20 (1989b) 211], (b) an identical procedure which employed eye fixation on a stationary target, or (c) non-directive counseling. Standardized self-report, subjective rating, Daily Diary, and intrusive thought sampling measures were collected before and after treatment. Results indicated that participants in the eye fixation group reported marginally (p<.052) fewer cognitive intrusions than the non-directive group 1 week following treatment. No significant differences between the EMD and non-directive conditions or between the EMD and eye fixation conditions on this measure were found. During the treatment session, both desensitization groups were superior to the non-directive group in reducing reported vividness of the mental image of the original event. However, the non-directive group improved to the level of the two other groups by the following week. Rapid saccadic eye movements were therefore unrelated to immediate treatment effects for this sub-clinical sample, and non-directive treatment largely yielded eventual outcomes equivalent to the two desensitization conditions (Pilots).

Keywords: Biologic Markers College Students Intrusive Thoughts Negative Therapeutic Reaction Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Stressors Survivors Treatment Effectiveness Witnesses

Accuracy Verified: Yes

150. Renfrey, G. (1993). The efficacy of eye movement desensitization in the treatment of trauma related imagery and cognitions: A partial dismantling procedure. Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo MI. AAT 9412220.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
This study investigated the effects of eye movement desensitization (EMD) on post-traumatic sequelae, and attempted a partial dismantling of the procedure to determine the necessity of EMD's characteristic eye movements. 23 persons participated in three groups: (1) those receiving standard EMD, (2) those receiving a variant of EMD in which eye movements were engendered through a light tracking task, and (3) those receiving a variant of EMD in which fixed visual attention replaced eye movements. All participants had experienced traumata as defined by the DSM-III-R and were having intrusive symptoms of PTSD at pre-treatment. All but two met full DSM-III-R criteria for PTSD. Each received two to six treatment sessions.Dependent variables included heart rate changes, subjective units of distress ratings, validity of both initial and targeted trauma-related cognitions during trauma-related imagery, overall frequency and intensity scores on the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale, anxiety and depression T-scores on the Symptom Checklist (SCL-90-R), and scores on the Impact of Events Scale. Assessments were conducted at pre- and post-treatment and at a one- to three-month follow-up. All three interventions produced significant, positive changes in all dependant measures between pre- and post-treatments. Further, these changes were maintained at follow-up. No significant differences between groups were observed. These changes were of comparable magnitude to those reported elsewhere, but were brought about through a greater number of treatment sessions. It was concluded that EMD does bring about fairly rapid therapeutic changes in those post-traumatic sequelae measured, though not as efficiently as most previous reports have suggested. Further, it was concluded that the eye movements peculiar to EMD are not a necessary component of the procedure. The similarities and differences between the present findings and previous reports are discussed, as are the limitations and implications of the present study. Recommendations for future work are made. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Clinical Trial Partial Dismantling Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

151. Sellers, J. L. (1997, October). Efficacy of the eye movement desensitization procedure as compared to accelerated massed desensitization in the treatment of test anxiety. California School of Professional Psychology, San Diego, CA. ATT 9729659.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
The Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) procedure had been widely promoted as an effective anxiety reducing treatment, yet the methodology of many studies has not been adequate to clearly investigate the procedure (Lohr, Kleinknecht, Conley, Dal Cerro, Schmidt, & Sonntag, 1992) and comparison treatments have been inappropriately applied (Lohr, Kleinknecht, Tolin & Barrett, 1995). This study compared EMDR and Accelerated Massed Desensitization (AMD), which has been empirically supported as a short term intervention in the treatment of test anxiety. All participants were screened for participation and 38 were determined test anxious, according to the Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI; Spielberger, 1980). No subjects were involved in any form of relaxation training or taking any medications to reduce anxiety at the time of their participation. All participants were recruited from college and university classes in the Orange and San Bernardino counties and were paid $10 for their participation. Six therapists and the primary investigator conducted therapy sessions for both treatments. All therapists completed the EMDR training, completed relevant reading materials for the AMD procedure, and followed protocols for both procedures throughout the therapy sessions. Participants were randomly assigned to either the EMDR or AMD treatment condition and a therapist. Participants completed the state portion of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI; Spielberger, 1983) and the Subjective Units of Distress scale (SUD; Wolpe, 1982) measures at pre and post treatment and at pre and post in-class exam. Participants received two sessions of treatment for each of the conditions. This study hypothesized that the EMDR treatment would significantly reduce anxiety as measured by the STAI and the SUD as compared to the AMD treatment. This study also hypothesized that EMDR would significantly reduce anxiety in both treatment and in vivo settings. Supplementary hypotheses predicted that the AMD treatment would reduce anxiety in both the treatment and in vivo settings. Results indicated that students in the AMD condition experienced more anxiety reduction than students in the EMDR condition. However, both treatments were effective in reducing anxiety in both the treatment and in vivo setting, as measured by the STAI and SUD scales. These results suggest that both treatments may be effective for reducing anxiety. However, the AMD treatment led to greater reductions in anxiety, as compared to the EMDR treatment. It is suggested that further research of the EMDR procedure include suitable comparison groups in order to assess its effectiveness and allow clinicians to choose appropriate treatments based on empirical support. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved) Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 58(4-B), Oct 1997, pp. 2139.

Keywords: College or University Students Identified As Test Anxious Efficacy of Eye Movement vs Accelerated Massed Desensitization for Treating Test Anxiety Psychotherapeutic Techniques Sellers Test Anxiety

Accuracy Verified: Yes

152. Fátima Panangeiro, M. F., Torres, A. F. S., Fernandez, R. M., & Trajano, S. R. (2012, Novembro). Eicácia do EMDR na prevenção e cura do transtorno de estresse pós-traumático em vítimas de terremoto [Efficacy of EMDR in the prevention and treatment of PTSD with victims of an earthquake]. In comunicações de pesquisa. Apresentação no II Congresso Brasileiro de EMDR, Brasília, Brasil.

Language: Portuguese

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Introdução: Sabemos que quando uma pessoa vivencia um incidente crítico, essa exposição tem impacto considerável sobre seu funcionamento global. Assim, para assegurar a recuperação dos militares brasileiros que estavam no Haiti, escolhemos a técnica EMDR criada pela Dra.Francine Shapiro, que encontra respaldo teórico em descobertas recentes no campo neuropsicológico para realizar as intervenções. Justificativa: O EMDR é uma técnica eficaz, que permite que o trauma armazenado na memória de curto prazo passe para a memória de longo prazo, uma vez que com os estímulos criam-se novas conexões neurais que trazem alívio, paz e aceitação. Atualmente existem mais de 20 estudos randomizados que apoiam sua eficácia. Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia da técnica EMDR na recuperação de vítimas de terremoto no Haiti, que apresentavam Transtorno Estresse Pós-Traumático e/ou Transtorno Estresse Agudo. Método: O estudo foi realizado com 14 militares sobreviventes do terremoto ocorrido no Haiti em janeiro de 2010, divididos em dois grupos: A (soterrados) e B (não soterrados). Foram utilizados para avaliação: entrevista inicial entrevista inicial e final, os testes IES- Escala de Impacto de Eventos e ISSL - Inventário de Sintomas de estresse de Lipp (antes e após a intervenção), EMDR, e reencontro (follow-up) seis meses após o último atendimento. Resultados: De acordo com os resultados obtidos no IES, os sujeitos que tinham o nível de estresse entre grave, moderado e leve, passaram após a intervenção para o nível leve e recomendado. Em relação aos sintomas físicos e emocionais (flashbacks, insônia, pesadelos, agressividade, instabilidade de humor e aumento no consumo de álcool), os sujeitos não apresentavam mais a queixa ao término das intervenções. Conclusões: Com base nos resultados apresentados podemos afirmar que o EMDR é uma técnica eficaz para resolução do transtorno estresse pós-traumático, assim como na sua prevenção, em vítimas de terremoto.

Introduction: We know that when a person experiences a critical incident, such exposure has considerable impact on their overall functioning. Thus, to ensure the recovery of the Brazilian military who were in Haiti, we choose the EMDR technique created by Dra.Francine Shapiro, who finds theoretical support in recent discoveries in the field to perform neuropsychological interventions. Rationale: The EMDR is an effective technique that allows the trauma stored in short-term memory to pass the long-term memory, since with the stimuli it creates new neural connections that bring relief, peace and acceptance. Currently there are more than 20 randomized trials that support its effectiveness. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of EMDR technique in the recovery of victims of the earthquake in Haiti, which had Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and / or Acute Stress Disorder. Method: The study was conducted with 14 military survivors of the earthquake in Haiti in January 2010, divided into two groups: A (buried) and B (not buried). All patients were evaluated: initial initial interview and final interview, tests IES-Impact of Events Scale and ISSL - Symptom Inventory stress Lipp (before and after the intervention), EMDR, and reunion (follow-up) six months after the last treatment. Results: According to the results of the IES, the subjects who had the stress level between severe, moderate and mild, passed after the intervention to the level recommended lightweight. Regarding the physical and emotional symptoms (flashbacks, insomnia, nightmares, aggression, mood instability and increased consumption of alcohol), subjects no longer had the complaint at the end of the interventions. Conclusions: Based on the presented results we can state that EMDR is an effective technique for resolution of post-traumatic stress disorder, as well as its prevention, earthquake victims.

Keywords: Acute Stress Disorder Brazil Earthquake Haiti Military Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Prevention PTSD Treatment Victims

Accuracy Verified: Yes

153. Sack, M., Lempa, W., & Lamprecht, F. (1999). Eine neue psychotherapeutische behandlungsmethode für patienten mit posttraumatischer belastungsstörung: EMDR. Behandlungsdurchführung und ergebnisse einer pilotstudie [A new psychotherapy treatment for patients with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: EMDR. Treatment implementation and results of a pilot study]. Psychomed, 11, 164-169 .

Language: German

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Nicht erst seit dem Zugunglück von Eschede und den damit im Zusammenhang stehenden Medienberichten wird zunehmend auch in der Öffentlichkeit bekannt, daß psychische Traumatisierungen zu einer tiefen und anhaltenden Verletzung des Gefühls der persönlichen Sicherheit und Unverletzbarkeit führen können. Dies wird oft wie ein Riß im Selbstverständnis oder wie ein Zusammenbruch des persönlichen Weltbildes beschrieben. Plötzlich wird die Welt als bedrohlich erlebt. Der Betroffene fühlt sich schutzlos und ausgeliefert. Typische Symptome, die in der Folge von belastenden Ereignissen auftreten, sind Schlafstörungen und Alpträume, quälende Wiedererinnerungen, Ängste und situationsbezogenes Vermeidungsverhalten sowie erhöhte Schreckhaftigkeit und Konzentrationsstörungen. Normalerweise bilden sich diese Symptome innerhalb einiger Tage bis einiger Wochen zurück. Bleiben diese psychischen und psychosomatischen Beeinträchtigungen jedoch bestehen, so ist bei einem Vorliegen von länger als 3 Monaten eine Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung zu diagnostizieren. In den letzten Jahren wurde die Forschung über Traumafolgen erheblich intensiviert. Es wurden neue Erkenntnisse gewonnen, die dazu beigetragen haben, daß die psychotherapeutischen Verfahren zur Behandlung traumatisierter Menschen erheblich verbessert werden konnten. Seit vier Jahren behandelt die Abteilung Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie der MHH Menschen mit Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörungen im Rahmen einer Traumasprechstunde und erforscht die psychischen und biologischen Auswirkungen von Traumatisierungen. Epidemiologie Nach Ergebnissen einer Vielzahl von epidemiologischen Studien, ist die Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung (Posttraumatic stress disorder, kurz PTSD) infolge von Traumatisierungen in der Kindheit oder im späterem Leben, eine in ihrer Häufigkeit und sozioökonomischen Bedeutung lange unterschätzte Erkrankung. Unter Zugrundelegen der Diagnosekriterien der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung nach DSM-III-R liegt die Lebenszeitprävalenz in den USA für beide Geschlechter bei 7,8 Prozent bis 12,3 Prozent, wobei etwa doppelt so viele Frauen betroffen sind wie Männer (5). Für die deutsche Bevölkerung gib es noch keine epidemiologisch gesicherten Prävalenzzahlen, aber die Bedeutung von "Traumatisierungen" für die Entstehung oder für die erhebliche Verschlechterung psychischer Störungen wird immer deutlicher. Ein Beispiel hierfür ist die lebhafte Diskussion in den Medien über die psychischen Folgen von Traumatisierungen für Unfallopfer und Rettungskräfte in der letzten Zeit. Die empirischen und klinischen Befunde zu Traumatisierungen in der Kindheit haben Egle, Hoffmann & Joraschky jüngst in einer Monographie zusammengestellt (1). Danach ist die Rolle von Vernachlässigung, Mißbrauch und Mißhandlung für eine Reihe von psychischen Störungen wie Selbstverletzendem Verhalten, Borderline-Störungen und Dissoziativen Störungen mittlerweile unstrittig und scheint auch für Subgruppen von Patienten mit Eßstörungen, Angststörungen, Persönlichkeitsstörungen und Somatisierungsstörungen von erheblicher Relevanz zu sein. Weit unterschätzt ist zudem die Häufigkeit von Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörungen infolge von Unfällen oder Einsätzen in Krisengebieten. 20 Jahre nach dem Vietnamkrieg leiden noch immer ca. 15 Prozent aller Vietnamkriegsveteranen an einer PTSD. Opfer von Gewaltverbrechen und Überfällen sowie auch Zeugen von Gewalttaten, wie z.B. Rettungspersonal und Feuerwehrangehörige, stellen eine weitere Risikogruppe für die Entwicklung einer PTSD dar.

Not since the train wreck of Eschede and the related media reports, is increasingly known to the public that psychological trauma can lead to a deep and persistent breach of the feeling of personal safety and invulnerability. This is often described as a crack in the self or as a breakdown of the personal worldview. Suddenly the world is experienced as threatening. The person concerned feels defenseless and delivered. Typical symptoms that occur as a result of stressful events are insomnia and nightmares, distressing recollections, fears and situational avoidance behavior and increased nervousness and difficulty concentrating. Usually these symptoms are back within a few days to a few weeks. But they remain psychological and psychosomatic disturbances exist, so with a presence of more than 3 months is a post-traumatic stress disorder to diagnose. In recent years, research on consequences of trauma was significantly intensified. It gained new insights that have contributed to the psychotherapeutic method for the treatment of traumatized people could be greatly improved. For four years, the Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, MHH treats people with post-traumatic stress disorder in a trauma clinic and explores the psychological and biological effects of trauma. Epidemiology According to results of a large number of epidemiological studies, post-traumatic stress disorder (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, PTSD short) as a result of trauma in childhood or in later life, a decrease in frequency and socio-economic importance of long underestimated disease. Inter alia with the diagnostic criteria of posttraumatic stress disorder according to DSM-III-R lifetime prevalence in the U.S. is for both sexes at 7.8 percent to 12.3 percent, with about twice as many women are affected as men (5). For the German people give it no epidemiological prevalence data secure, but the meaning of "trauma" in the development or for the serious deterioration of mental disorders is increasingly clear. An example is the lively discussion in the media about the psychological consequences of trauma for victims and rescue workers in recent times. The empirical and clinical findings concerning traumatic experiences in childhood have Egle, Hoffmann & Joraschky recently compiled in a monograph (1). Then disorders the role of neglect, abuse and mistreatment for a number of mental disorders such as self-injurious behavior, borderline disorders and dissociative now undisputed, and appears to be for subgroups of patients with eating disorders, anxiety disorders, personality disorders and somatization disorders is of considerable relevance. Also greatly underestimated the incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder as a result of accidents or operations in critical areas. 20 years after the Vietnam War still suffer about 15 percent of Vietnam War veterans in a PTSD. Victims of violent crimes and robberies, as well as witnesses of violence, such as Rescue workers and firefighters, are another risk group for the development of PTSD dar.

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

154. Jarero, I. (2011). El EMDR: Una alternativa efectiva para el tratamiento del trauma psicológico [EMDR: An effective alternative for the treatment of psychological trauma] . Revista Iberoamericana de Psicotraumatología y Disociación, 2(2).

Language: Spanish

Format: Other

Abstract:
El modelo teórico en que se basa el EMDR, es el Sistema de Procesamiento de la Información a Estados Adaptativos (SPIA). Este modelo postula que mucho de la psicopatología se debe a la codificación mal adaptativa y/o procesamiento incompleto de experiencias de vida adversas perturbadoras o traumáticas. Esto deteriora la habilidad del paciente/cliente para integrar esas experiencias de una manera adaptativa.

The theoretical model on which EMDR is the System Information Processing Adaptive States (AIP). This model postulates that much of psychopathology is due to poor adaptive coding and / or incomplete processing of adverse life experiences disturbing or traumatic. This impairs the ability of the patient / client to integrate these experiences in a way adaptive. [Excerpt]

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

155. Rosental, V. (2008, Diciembre 16). El método de EMDR: Un cambio de paradigma [The method of EMDR: A paradigm shift]. DePsicoterapias S.R.L. Retrieved from http://www.depsicoterapias.com/articulo.asp?IdArticulo=454 om 1/4/2009.

Language: Spanish

Format: Other

Abstract:
Patient refers to the 36 years of age. At the time of the consultation being conducted psychiatric and psychological treatments with no results since 1995, with a diagnosis of Panic Attack. The beginning of the problem is after the Falklands war. It was in 1985 when he choose to go first because he felt well, was very nervous and irritable. The clinician, after several routine tests it shows that he's fine, but prescribed an anxiolytic, psychoactive drug that took for 11 years until 1996. In that year is referred to a psychiatrist and a psychologist for his repeated visits to the emergency. He had been in the Falklands war as a conscript. Upon returning, he could not concentrate, so it decided to abandon their tertiary studies a year to graduate. Was isolated in addition to all his friends. He married his neighbor with whom he has two children. Had marital difficulties and job instability Patient refers to the 36 years of age. At the time of the consultation being conducted psychiatric and psychological treatments with no results since 1995, with a diagnosis of Panic Attack. The beginning of the problem is after the Falklands war. It was in 1985 when he choose to go first because he felt well, was very nervous and irritable. The clinician, after several routine tests it shows that he's fine, but prescribed an anxiolytic, psychoactive drug that took for 11 years until 1996. In that year is referred to a psychiatrist and a psychologist for his repeated visits to the emergency. He had been in the Falklands war as a conscript. Upon returning, he could not concentrate, so it decided to abandon their tertiary studies a year to graduate. Was isolated in addition to all his friends. He married his neighbor with whom he has two children. Had marital difficulties and job instability Trabajo desde hace años en esta profesión, la psicología, una especialidad que puede ayudar a muchas personas que sufren, que estoy investigando y encontrando nuevas maneras de dar a los pacientes alternativas que conduzcan a un cambio real. En este viaje tuve la oportunidad de explorar el mundo un poco más emocionante de la mente humana a través de un enfoque integrado que cambió mi paradigma de la psicoterapia. Me refiero a EMDR, basado en el modelo de procesamiento de información, una poderosa herramienta para aliviar el sufrimiento de los pacientes que nos consultan a tiempo para mantener sus logros. reprocesamiento de adaptación se lleva a cabo a nivel neurofisiológico que permite a la salud mental.

Working for years in this profession, psychology, a specialty that can help many people suffering, I am researching and finding new ways to give patients alternatives that lead to real change. In this journey I had the opportunity to explore a bit more exciting world of the human mind through an integrated approach that changed my paradigm of psychotherapy. I refer to EMDR, based on the information processing model, a powerful tool to alleviate the suffering of patients who consult us in time sustaining their achievements. Adaptive reprocessing takes place at a neurophysiological level that enables mental health. The letters called EMDR that mean in English: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, which translates as desensitization and reprocessing eye movement. It is a method to work emotional difficulties caused by traumatic events such as war, natural disasters, accidents, assaults, duels unprocessed disturbing childhood experiences as well as phobias, somatic diseases and disorders, anxiety and disruptive behavior.

Keywords: Practice, Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

156. Tripolt, R. (2012, June). EMDR in Motion. Using movement and body oriented therapeutic interweaves for complex trauma and dissociative symptoms [EMDR en movimiento. Usar el movimiento y la terapia orientada al cuerpo para traumas complejos y síntomas disociativos]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
"The Body Keeps the Score" (B. v.d. Kolk, 1996) Clients who suffer from traumatic stress are often afraid about disturbing and painful somatic symptoms. Structural dissociation alienates from body reactions. Nevertheless it is the body that "holds" the discomfort and painful memory of neglect and violence. Trauma Survivors tend to perceive their body as hostile. They suffer from Alexithymia deficiency of interpreting the meaning of body reactions and muscle activation. Trauma Survivors are easily irritated and tend to react with rage on very slight provocations and freeze when they are frustrated. Even minor problems cause fear and helplessness. The Polyvagal Theory (S. Porges 2010) proves the neurological aspect of behavioral patterns. Neurozeption describes how we perceive others in a neurological way. Certain behavioral patterns are established through life experiences. This research underlines Francine Shapiros AIP model and confirms the importance of a body orientated approach. We know that experiencing the effect of eye movement -‐ and other bilateral stimulation, is a gentle and powerful way to bring the voice of the body into the therapeutic space. EMDR helps to integrate cognitive, emotional and body sensations. Using movement and body orientated skills in difficult processes f.e. with severely and/or early traumatised clients, even enhances the effect of EMDR. Content of the Workshop: Short theoretical implications: Polyvagal Theory and AIP Model. Stabilisation and Movement -‐ creating a „Moving Container“: How to create a safe place of relationship and attachment between the client and the therapist by using movement and bodywork? The body is the most powerful resource: How to use movement to access this power. How to recognize and dissolve dissociation by body and movement awareness. EMDR Process and Movement : How to widen the „window of tolerance“ by using movement and deeper levels of body consciousness. Adding a fourth level of attention to the EMDR process: cognition -‐ emotion -‐ body scan -‐ movement. Movement and reflex feedback as interweave technique in difficult processes. Methods used in the Workshop: Lecture and Video Presentation. Practical demonstration of some movement orientated techniques. Discussion.

“El cuerpo lleva la cuenta” (B. v.d. Kolk, 1996), los clientes que sufren de estrés traumático tienen a menudo miedo sobre sus síntomas somáticos preocupantes y dolorosos. La disociación estructural aliena las reacciones del cuerpo, sin embargo es el cuerpo el que “mantiene” el disconfort y el recuerdo doloroso de negligencia y violencia. Los supervivientes a un trauma suelen tender a percibir su propio cuerpo como hostil. Sufren de Alexitimia, deficiencias para interpretar las señales corporales y la activación muscular. Son fácilmente irritables y tienden a reaccionar con ira, con leves provocaciones y se “congelan” cuando están frustrados. Incluso problemas de fuerza menor causan miedo y desesperanza. La teoría polivagal (S. Porges 2010) prueba el aspecto neurológico de los patrones de comportamiento. La neurocepción describe cómo percibimos a los otros desde un punto de vista neurológico. Ciertos patrones de comportamiento están establecidos a través de las experiencias vitales. Esta investigación se basa en el modelo SPIA de Francine Shapiro y confirma la importancia del enfoque orientado al cuerpo. Sabemos que al experimentar el efecto de la estimulación ocular, y otras estimulaciones bilaterales, es un camino poderoso y suave para traer la voz del cuerpo dentro del espacio terapéutico. EMDR facilita la integración cognitiva emocional y corporal. Usar el movimiento y las habilidades orientadas al cuerpo en los procesos difíciles con clientes traumatizados, severamente o tempranamente, incluso amplifica el efecto terapéutico del EMDR Contenido del taller: Implicaciones teóricas: Teoría Polivagal y modelo SPIA Estabilización y movimiento – Crear un “recipiente de movimiento” Cómo crear un lugar seguro en relación al apego entre el cliente y el terapeuta usando movimiento y trabajo corporal. El cuerpo es el recurso más poderoso: Cómo usar el movimiento para acceder a este poder. Cómo reconocer y disolver la disociación en el cuerpo y la atención al movimiento. Procesamiento EMDR y movimiento: Cómo ampliar la "ventana de tolerancia" mediante el uso de movimientos y niveles más profundos de la conciencia del cuerpo. Añadir un 4 nivel de atención al procesamiento de EMDR: Cognición-‐Emoción-‐ Escáner corporal-‐movimiento.

Keywords: Body Oriented Therapeutic Interweaves

Accuracy Verified: Yes

157. Schubbe, O. (2006). EMDR. Institut fur Traumatherapie.

Language: German

Format: Other

Abstract:
Eine Ärztin gewinnt einen verlorenen Teil ihrer Biografie zurück; ein Mann kann nach einer Geiselnahme wieder Sicherheit erleben; eine Bäckersfrau drückt den stummen Schrecken über den KZ-Tod ihrer Großeltern zum ersten Mal mit Pinsel und Farbe aus. Solche Momente geben mir das Gefühl, von meinen Klienten ganz viel zurückzubekommen. Sie rücken die Perspektive zurecht und geben den Blick auf das Wesentliche frei. Seit ich EMDR einsetze, sind sie viel häufiger. Unter Fachleuten steht EMDR für "Eye-Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing", unter Klienten auch für "einmal musst du ran", in jedem Fall aber für eine psychotherapeutische Zusatzmethode zur geschützten Verarbeitung traumatischer Erfahrungen. EMDR besteht aus den acht Phasen nach Francine Shapiro. Die beiden ersten und letzten entsprechen dem in der Traumatherapie üblichen Vorgehen, während die Schritte drei bis sechs eine typische EMDR-Sitzung ausmachen. Am Anfang stehen wie üblich Anamnese und Behandlungsplanung (erste Phase). Nach den Leitlinien zur Behandlung posttraumatischer Störungen (Flatten u.a. 2001) gehört an den Anfang außerdem eine Phase der inneren und äußeren Stabilisierung (zweite Phase). Erst danach folgen die EMDR-Sitzungen im engeren Sinne, bestehend aus der Anfangseinschätzung der Symptomatik (dritte Phase), der zentralen (vierten) Phase der Neuverarbeitung, der Verankerung des erreichten Zustandes (fünfte Phase) und der Prüfung der Restbelastung auf Körperebene - kurz: Körpertest (sechste Phase). Wie in jeder traumatherapeutischen Arbeit wird bei EMDR besonderer Wert auf einen guten Abschluss der Sitzung gelegt (siebte Phase). Und ob die mit EMDR erreichte Veränderung stabil geblieben ist, wird zu Beginn der Folgesitzung überprüft (achte Phase). Es wird nun die Arbeit mit drei Klienten beschrieben, einer Augenärztin, einem Top-Manager und einer Bäckereiangestellten. Die unterschiedlichen Fälle illustrieren in verschiedenen Facetten, wie ich die Phasen von EMDR in therapeutisches Handeln umsetze. Namen und Details habe ich zum Schutz der Klienten geändert.

A doctor will recover a lost part of her biography, a man can experience after a hostage-taking back security, a baker's wife pressed the silent alarm at the concentration camp deaths of their grandparents for the first time with a brush and color. Such moments make me feel to get back from my clients very much. You adjust the perspective and give a view of the essentials. Since I use EMDR, they are much more common. Among experts EMDR stands for Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, "among clients for" once you have ran, and in any case for a psychotherapeutic method for secure additional processing of traumatic experiences. EMDR consists of eight phases by Francine Shapiro. The two first and last correspond to the normal practice in trauma therapy, while accounting for three to six steps a typical EMDR session. In the beginning, as usual, are medical history and treatment plan (first phase). According to the guidelines for the treatment of post traumatic disorders (Flatten et al 2001) belongs also to the beginning of a phase of internal and external stability (second phase). Only after the EMDR sessions follow in the strict sense, consisting of the initial assessment of symptoms (third phase), the central (fourth) phase of the reprocessing, anchoring the achieved state (fifth phase) and the testing of residual stress on the body level - in short: Body Test (sixth phase). As in any trauma therapy work is placed in EMDR special importance to a successful conclusion of the meeting (seventh phase). And whether the change reached EMDR has remained stable, is checked at the beginning of the next meeting (sixth phase). It is now working with three clients described, an eye doctor, a top manager and a bakery employee. The different cases illustrate different facets of how I transpose the phases of EMDR in therapeutic action. I have changed names and details to protect the client.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

158. Holmshaw, M. (2008, June). EMDR & CBT work equally well for psychological trauma – Why?. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The use of EMDR, CBT or a combination of the two, in managing psychological ill health following road Traffic Accidents (RTA): The Results and analysis of 1100 consecutive referrals. This paper determines the role of trauma-focused psychological treatment in the management of psychological ill health following road traffic accidents in the UK. RTA’s are the biggest cause of PTSD in this country. All consecutively referred patients with possible psychological ill-health following a RTA were offered a comprehensive psychological assessment by an established provider of trauma services in the UK. Those with significant psychological ill health were offered trauma-focused psychological treatment, EMDR and/or CBT, in line with NICE (National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence) guidelines. During the psychological assessment a clinical diagnosis was made and a number of psychometric scores were used. These comprised 1 DSM IV criteria for PTSD and illness severity, 2 General Health Questionnaire, 3 Impact of Event Scale, 4 Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Similar subjective and objective measurements were made after every fourth session of therapy and on discharge. The results offer a breakdown of diagnoses, the number of patients who proceeded to treatment and the type of treatment and outcome of such treatment. Of the 658 patients who proceeded to Trauma-focused psychological treatment, patients had either EMDR by itself (31%), CBT by itself (36%) or a Combination of EMDR and CBT (33%). Subjectively and objectively three out of four patients were completely relieved of their symptoms or were much better. There was no significant difference between CBT and EMDR in terms of treatment results. Closer analysis of the three subgroups revealed a number of variables which seemed to be associated with failure of EMDR treatment and failure of CBT treatment. These variables will be discussed against the background of the trauma focused CBT model of Clarke, D and Ehlers A, 2002. Recommendations will be made of ways to improve the outcome of EMDR Therapy and improving EMDR training.

Keywords: CBT Cognitive Behaviorial Therapy Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

159. Heiman, M., Packwood, S., Becker-Fritz, T., Carson, S., Donovan, L., Froning, M., & Peterson, G. (2003, June). EMDR & children: A guide for parents, professionals, and others who care about children. EMDR International Association.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing is a treatment method that is effective for resolving emotional difficulties caused by disturbing, difficult, or frightening life experiences. EMDR has been used to help children overcome traumatic events and other childhood problems and symptoms.

Keywords: Brochure Children Guide

Accuracy Verified: Yes

160. Gilman, S., & Marshall, J. (2011, August). EMDR & the first responder: Bringing hope and healing to those suffering in silence with hidden symptoms. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Orange County, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
First Responders” (Police Officers, Firefighters, Emergency Medical Technicians (EMT), Paramedics, Dispatchers), live with cumulative stress while intervening in traumatic human experiences. While most of us believe they are psychologically ‘tough’ and resilient, enabling them to tolerate repeat exposure, many suffer in silence. This presentation will expose the hidden stress-filled world of First Responders, the ongoing stigmas which block appropriate interventions, how psycho-education and EMDR treatment can result in healthier, more productive first response teams. EMDR Case examples will enlighten and inspire those who attend.

Keywords: First Responders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

161. Faretta, E. (2008, Settembre). EMDR (Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) e la trasformazione delle esperienze traumatiche: Applicazioni cliniche in ambito psicoterapeutico [EMDR (Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) and the transformation of traumatic experiences: Clinical applications in the field of psychotherapy]. In T. Farma (presidente), Il modello psicotraumatologico: Un ponte TRA indicatori neurobiologici e Psicoterapia. Simposio condotto in occasione della riunione della Society for Psychotherapy Research, Modena, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Keywords: Symposium Trauma

Accuracy Verified: No

162. Shapiro, F., & Sherwel, C. (2004). EMDR (Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing): Desensibilizacion y reprocesamiento por medio de moimiento ocular [EMDR (Eye Movement desensitization and reprocessing): Desensitization and reprocessing of eye movement]. México: Pax México.

Language: Spanish

Format: Book

Abstract:
En tan solo unos cuantos años, el modo EMDR se ha convertido en el tratamiento más elaborado para el desorden de estrés postraumático (entre otras perturbaciones). El método EMDR es un tratamiento legítimo y poderoso. Modelo integral y eficiente en el tratamiento de experiencias perturbadoras, el método EMDR incorpora diversos aspectos de terapias sistémicas, psicodinámicas, experienciales, conductuales y corporales. Consiste en ocho fases que comprenden el uso de movimientos oculares y otras formas de estimulación izquierda-derecha. Es eficaz para tratar el desorden de estrés postraumático y reprocesar pensamientos y recuerdos perturbadores o problemas psicológicos de sobrevivientes de traumas, de abuso sexual, de crímenes, de combate bélico, así como de fobias y desórdenes causados por experiencias vivenciales y proporciona en poco tiempo efectos clínicos profundos y estables. Con descripciones y transcripciones detalladas, la autora guía al clínico por cada etapa del tratamiento terapéutico, desde la selección de los clientes hasta la aplicación del método y su integración dentro de un plan integral de tratamiento clínico. Escrito de manera accesible, este libro es una guía invaluable tanto para los clínicos experimentados en el tratamiento EMDR como para las personas que acaban de conocer el método, y para los estudiantes avanzados de psicología clínica y psicoterapia.

In just a few years, how EMDR has become more elaborate treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (in other disturbances). EMDR is a legitimate and powerful treatment. Comprehensive and efficient model in the treatment of disturbing experiences, EMDR incorporates various aspects of systemic therapies, psychodynamic, experiential, behavioral and physical. It consists of eight phases that include the use of eye movements and other forms of left-right stimulation. Is effective in treating post-traumatic stress disorder and reprocess disturbing thoughts and memories or psychological problems of survivors of trauma, sexual abuse, crimes of war fighting, as well as phobias and disorders caused by life experiences and provides in a short time effects clinical deep and stable. With detailed descriptions and transcripts, the author guides the clinician through every stage of therapeutic treatment, from selection of clients to the application of the method and its integration into a comprehensive clinical treatment. Written in an accessible, this book is an invaluable guide both for experienced clinicians in the EMDR treatment to people who just know the method, and for advanced students of clinical psychology and psychotherapy.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

163. Parnell, L. (2001). EMDR - Der weg aus dem trauma: Über die heilung von traumata und emotionalen verletzungen [Transforming trauma: EMDR]. Paderborn: Junfermann Verlag GmbH & Co.

Language: German

Format: Book

Abstract:
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) hat Tausenden von Menschen geholfen, die von schrecklichen Mißbrauchserlebnissen oder von Traumata verfolgt wurden. Die neue Methode vermag auch Patienten zu helfen, bei denen andere Therapieformen versagt haben, darunter Menschen, die an chronischen Problemen wie Eßstörungen, Angstzuständen, einem schwachen Selbstwertgefühl, Depressionen und Störungen ihrer Leistungsfähigkeit leiden. EMDR bringt Millionen von Menschen neue Hoffnung, denen gesagt wurde, ihre Genesung werde sich wohl über ihr ganzes weiteres Leben hinziehen. Die EMDR-Therapie bettet die Technik der Augenbewegung in einen umfassenden Ansatz ein, durch den Informationen verarbeitet werden, die sich in unverarbeiteter Form in Körper und Geist des Patienten verkapselt haben. Dadurch werden die Betroffenen von belastenden Bildern und Körperempfindungen, bedrückenden Emotionen und Einschränkenden Überzeugungen befreit. Bei Anwendung dieser Methode tritt die Heilung nicht nur wesentlich schneller ein als in der traditionellen Therapie, sondern die Klienten erleben auch ein Gefühl der Freude, Offenheit und tiefen Verbundenheit mit anderen. Laurel Parnell veranschaulicht uns auf fesselnde Weise die Wirkung von EMDR. In ihren mutmachenden Heilungsberichten versetzt sie die Leser in die Psyche ihrer Klienten, wo die Traumata, die jene in der Vergangenheit erlebt haben, erstarrt sind. Die Autorin veranschaulicht auf sorgsame, persönliche und verständliche Weise, wie EMDR es Menschen ermöglicht, über das bloße Überleben eines traumatischen Erlebnisse hinaus zu einer Erfahrung des Wohlbefindens und der Ganzheit zu gelangen. Ein allgemeinverständlich geschriebenes Buch, das allen, die sich erstmals mit dieser neuen revolutionären Therapieform beschäftigen wollen, einen umfassenden Einblick über die Methodik, den Ablauf, die vielfältigen Einsatzmöglichkeiten und die ungezählten erfolgreich durchgeführten Therapien vermittelt: Informativ. Fesselnd geschrieben. Hoffnung auf Heilung vermittelnd. Ein idealer Einstieg in EMDR.

EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) has helped thousands of people who were haunted by terrible abuse experiences or trauma. The new method can also help patients who have not responded to other therapies, including people who suffer from chronic problems such as eating disorders, anxiety, a low self-esteem, depression and disturbances of their capabilities. EMDR brings new hope to millions of people who have been told, their recovery will probably drag on through its entire life. The EMDR therapy embeds the technique of eye movement in a comprehensive approach that will be processed by the information, which have encapsulated in the natural state of body and mind of the patient. Thus the person concerned of incriminating images and body sensations, emotions and limiting beliefs are oppressive, free. In applying this method, the healing occurs not only much faster than in a traditional therapy, but the clients also experience a feeling of joy, openness and deep connection with others. Laurel Parnell are illustrated with fascinating way, the effect of EMDR. In its encouragement healing reports, they leave readers into the psyche of their clients, where the traumas, the former have experienced in the past freezes are. The author demonstrates in careful, personal and understandable way, such as EMDR allows people to reach beyond the mere survival of a traumatic experience also an experience of wellness and wholeness. A book, written in generally understandable to all, who would first deal with this revolutionary new form of therapy, provides a comprehensive insight into the methodology, process, the various applications and successfully executed countless therapies: Informative. written captivating. Hope for healing mediator. An ideal introduction to EMDR.

Keywords: Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

164. Shapiro, F. (1999). EMDR - Grundlagen und praxis: Handbuch zur behandlung traumatisierter menschen [Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): Basic principles, protocols, and procedures]. Paderborn: Junfermann Verlag GmbH & Co.

Language: German

Format: Book

Abstract:
EMDR ist eine zeitsparende, umfassende Methode zur Behandlung traumatischer Erfahrungen, die die Ursache vieler Pathologien sind. Als integratives Therapiemodell, das verhaltenspsychologische, kognitive, psychodynamische, körperorientierte und systemische Elemente umfaßt, ermöglicht EMDR, in relativ kurzer Zeit tiefreichende und stabile Resultate zu erzielen. Die EMDR-Behandlungssequenz, die acht Phasen umfaßt und Augenbewegungen sowie andere Methoden der Rechts-Links-Stimulation nutzt, hilft Trauma-Opfern bei der Aufarbeitung beunruhigender Gedanken und Erinnerungen. Dieses umfassende Basiswerk zum Thema EMDR gibt einen Überblick über die Entwicklung und Erforschung der neuen Methode und ist eine unverzichtbare Lektüre für alle Kliniker und Forscher, die sich für die Arbeit mit Trauma-Opfern interessieren.

EMDR is a time-saving, comprehensive method for the treatment of traumatic experiences, which are the cause of many diseases. As an integrative therapy model includes the behavioral, cognitive, psychodynamic, body-oriented and systemic elements, EMDR allows to achieve in a relatively short time, profound and stable results. The EMDR treatment sequence that includes eight stages, and uses eye movements as well as other methods of left-right stimulation helps trauma victims in the processing disturbing thoughts and memories. This comprehensive work based on EMDR provides an overview of the development and exploration of the new method and is an essential reading for all clinicians and researchers interested in working with trauma victims

Keywords: Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

165. Staff. (2007, November). EMDR aktiverar samma mekanismer som REM-sömn [Similarities between EMDR and REM sleep]. Psykologtidningen, (11) 8-9.

Language: Swedish

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Mycket talar för att EMDR-behandling mot posttraumatisk stress aktiverar samma system i hjärnan som REM-sömn, visar en ny svensk studie. REM-sömn har i normala fall en viktig roll för bearbetning av påfrestande upplevelser.

There are many indications that EMDR treatment for post-traumatic stress activate the same system in the brain that REM sleep, according to a new Swedish study. REM sleep is normally an important role for working stressful experiences.

Keywords: REM Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

166. Veerbeek, V. (2010, April). EMDR als onderdeel forensische behandeling van ernstig gewelddadig gedrag: Vreemde eend in de bijt? [EMDR as part forensic examination of serious violent behavior: Odd man out?]. Workshop gepresenteerd aan de vierde congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Nijmegen, The Nederlands.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Op ernstig geweld, zeker met fatale afloop, wordt door de maatschappij doorgaans geschokt gereageerd en is het resultaat van berechting vooral “leedtoevoeging” in de vorm van lange gevangenisstraffen. De behandeling in de gevangenis of op een forensische polikliniek staat overwegend in het teken van het nemen van verantwoording voor het gewelddadig gedrag en het aanleren van agressieregulatievaardigheden. Wanneer de cliënt zich als slachtoffer opstelt, roept dit bij de therapeut irritatie op; de cliënt merkt dit, neemt nog meer afstand van de therapeut, hetgeen vervolgens weer machteloosheid, veroordeling en boosheid oproept bij de therapeut. De cliënt als slachtoffer is taboe. In dat licht wordt door collega’s weleens met de nodige scepsis aangekeken tegen EMDR-behandeling van cliënten met ernstig gewelddadig gedrag. In deze workshop komen allereerst de vooroordelen van de therapeut zelf tegen de cliënt en de vooroordelen van de collega’s tegen traumaverwerking bij ernstig gewelddadige cliënten aan bod. Deze vooroordelen staan goede diagnostiek en een goede therapeutische relatie in de weg. Gepropageerd wordt om “neutraal” en grondig onderzoek te doen, net als bij een vliegtuigcrash. Aan de hand van casuïstiek komen enkele sleutelvragen aan bod, die in het zoekproces en de casusconceptualisatie van groot belang zijn. Wanneer onverwerkte ervaringen vanuit het verleden een rol spelen bij (de mate van) agressie, zullen deze ervaringen middels EMDR bewerkt dienen te worden. Hoe groter de vroeger ervaren machteloosheid en vernedering, hoe groter de kans dat de huidig ervaren agressieve lading niet zal verminderen met uitsluitend agressieregulatietherapie. Geïllustreerd wordt hoe EMDR, al of niet met recripting als CI, daarnaast een rol kan spelen bij actuele wraak-drang en wraakgedachten. Videomateriaal wordt ter illustratie gebruikt. Stil wordt gestaan bij de waarde van het inoefenen van de veilige plek en hoe agitatie in en buiten de therapiezitting hierdoor snel kan verminderen. Tot slot zal worden ingegaan op het experimenteel gebruik van EMDR als hulpmiddel bij delictanalyse – en delictverwerking, onder meer bij een cliënt die zijn kind ombracht. Bij huiselijk geweld is meer dan eens sprake van een lange opmaat tot het delict, waarbij een opstapeling van door de cliënt als vernedering ervaren incidenten (waarbij al of niet vroegere ervaringen worden getriggerd) kan leiden tot excessief en soms fataal geweld. Het middels EMDR “linksom” bewerken van deze “opmaat”-ervaringen, gevolgd door het middels EMDR doorwerken van het delict zelf, kunnen leiden tot het werkelijk voelen en nemen van de eigen verantwoordelijkheid, bieden een heldere inkijk in de emotionele dynamiek van de cliënt ten tijde van het plegen van het delict en bieden derhalve belangrijke aangrijpingspunten voor een gedetailleerd terugvalpreventieplan.

On serious violence, especially fatal, is usually shocked by the company responded and is mainly the result of trial "added suffering" in the form of long prison sentences. The treatment in prison or a forensic clinic is mainly devoted to taking responsibility for violent behavior and learning of aggression control skills. If the client is a victim accounts, the therapist calls this irritation, the client notes it, takes more from the therapist, which in turn helplessness, anger and condemnation by calling the therapist. The client as a victim is taboo. In that light by colleagues ever looked with skepticism at EMDR treatment of clients with serious violent behavior. In this workshop, first, the prejudices of the therapist himself against the client and the prejudices of colleagues from trauma in severely violent clients addressed. These prejudices are good diagnosis and a good therapeutic relationship in the road. Propagated to "neutral" and thorough research, as in a plane crash. Using case studies reveal some key questions addressed, in the search process and casusconceptualisatie of great importance. When unprocessed experiences from the past play a role (level of) aggression, these experiences need to be modified through EMDR. The greater the past experience powerlessness and humiliation, the more likely that the current load experienced aggressive not only will reduce aggression regulation therapy. Illustrated how EMDR, with or without recripting as CI, also play a role in current-craving revenge and revenge. Video material will be used for illustration. Silence is paid to the value of practicing safe and how the agitation inside and outside the therapy session this rapid decrease. Finally, consider the experimental use of EMDR as a tool for crime analysis - and crime scene processing, including in a client that his child killed. In domestic violence more than once been a long prelude to the offense, with an accumulation of humiliation experienced by the client as incidents (with or without previous experience are triggered) can lead to excessive and sometimes lethal force. It means EMDR "left" edit this "overture" experience, followed by using EMDR to work on the crime itself, can lead to really feel and take personal responsibility, provide a clear insight into the emotional dynamics of the client at the time of committing the offense and therefore provide important leads for a detailed relapse prevention plan.

Keywords: Forensic Examination Violent Behavior

Accuracy Verified: Yes

167. Omaha, J. (2004, June). EMDR and affect centered therapy. Presentation at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, Stockholm, Sweden .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Aim: This presentation will describe the integration of principles of emotion regulation into EMDR therapy for a range of disorders. Population: All ages; mostly Axis I and II disorders. Learning objectives: 1) to describe the development of emotion regulation beginning in the context of the attachment and continuing through adolescence; 2) to describe the origin of emotion dysregulation and psychopathology in deficit experience adversity, and trauma; 3) to describe a protocol, Affect Management Skills Training (AMST), that remediates failures of emotion regulation; 4) to describe how AMST prepares the client for uncovering therapy by providing for containment, safety, emotion regulation, improved left-right hemisphere integration, and remediation of attachment deficits; 5) to describe integration of MAST into EMDR therapies for substance abuse and eating disorders. Abstract: The workshop will summarize the principal affective developments that occur from birth through age four. These include fulfillment of yearning affect, facial imprinting, gaze transaction, stimulation of positive affect, and provision of optimal disapproval-shame experiences. The qualities of the child of “good enough” parenting are described. Developmental failures and their consequences for affect regulation and psychopathology will be described. These include: (1) avoidant attachment leading to problems of anger management, to depression, and development of narcissistic features; (2) anxious-ambivalent attachment leading to development of anxiety-related disorders and borderline features; (3) failure to elicit optimal positive affects leading to impaired vitality across the life span and depression; (4) socialization of the senior toddler with anger, leading to problems with anger expression, or with disgust, leading to problems with shame, impaired self-worth, and defective self-efficacy. Adversity (raised by a single parent, witness to spousal abuse, divorce, substance abuse in the home) and trauma (psychological, physical, and/or sexual abuse) occurring during latency and adolescence will be shown to exacerbate difficulties with emotional regulation.
The seven basic skills of the AMST protocol will be described. These skills provide for regocnition, tolerance, and regulation of both positive and negative emtoins. They include containment, safe place, sensation-affect recognition, sensation-as-signal, grounded and present, noticing, and regulation.
The workshop will describe how AMST prepares the client for uncovering therapy and for EMDR by teaching the client to regulate emotion prior to it elicitation in therapy, by improving hemispheric integration, and by correcting deficits in the attachment.
The workshop concludes by describing how MAST is integrated into EMDR therapy for substance abuse disorders (alcohol, drugs, nicotine) and eating disorders.

Keywords: Affect Centered Therapy Affect Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

168. Spuijbroek, P. (2010, July). EMDR and ASD? Yes! EMDR in relation with austistic spectrum. Presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
A lot of children with autism spectrum disorders are treated with EMDR in my practice, especially whenever there are traumatic situations, ( i.e. bullying!!, sexual harassment) anxiety, often as a start of further treatment or embedded in an cognitive therapy. I want to share my experiences with other participants by showing videos and be helpful with solutions/ adjustments in treatments. Make participants aware of different approaches. Why is EMDR useful at ASD, indications and contra indication, which difficulties are being to be considered with clients with ASD, which results could be expected? And which solutions or adjustments are helpful. My presentation has videos, which will show the theory.

Keywords: ASD Autism Autistic Spectrum Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

169. Shapiro, F. (2007). EMDR and case conceptualization from an adaptive information processing perspective. In F. Shapiro, F. Kaslow, & L. Maxfield (Eds.), Handbook of EMDR and family therapy processes (pp. 3–36). New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
In its 20-year history, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) has evolved from a simple technique into an integrative psychotherapy approach with a theoretical model that emphasizes the brain's information processing system and memories of disturbing experiences as the basis of pathology. The eight-phase treatment comprehensively addresses the experiences that contribute to clinical conditions and those that are needed to bring the client to a robust state of psychological health. The concept of the transformation of the stored experience through a rapid learning process is the key to understanding the basis and application of EMDR and its guiding Adaptive Information Processing model (Shapiro, 1995, 2001, 2002). The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of both theory and practice. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing Model AIP Brain Cognitive Processes Integrative Psychotherapy Memories Memory Models Pathology Psychotherapeutic Techniques Psychotherapy Approach Stored Experience

Accuracy Verified: Yes

170. Farrell, D. (2008, October). EMDR and continuum trauma. Presentation at the 1st annual EMDR Autumn Workshop, York, UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The premise of this workshop will explore idiosyncratic characteristics encountered by survivors of continuum trauma and to then consider these experiences in light of the conceptual framework of PTSD. These idiosyncratic trauma characteristics have implications with regards to appropriate psychological interventions for survivors. This will be discussed in more detail in considering the utilisation of EMDR with this particular group.

Keywords: Continuum Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

171. Ostacoli, L. & Bertino, G. (2010, June). EMDR and drawing: A tool to integrate post-traumatic dissociation and overwhelming emotions. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The difficulty of the management of overwhelming emotions aid dissociative reactions are challenging for any EMUR therapist dealing with complex traumas. As a complement to the strategies already used in EMDR, drawing gives form to The inner representations of the trauma, objectivizing it Thus the person no longer relates only to something inside him/her, but rather to something he/she can see and can concretely represent and modify In the act of drawing, the patient makes an initial reorganisation of the form of the trauma, and begins to differentiate the adaptive ego, which has the tools and the ability to restructure the experiences, and the traumatic emotional part that suffers those experiences in a condition of Impotence and passivity The person may rapidly access preverbal and motor-sensory language, activating inborn creative skills. The use of this tool enables us t0 access the traumatic material gently, limiting dissociative reactions, bypassing avoidance and flight behaviour and setting a distance from pan by objectivizing . A protective space is created between the self and the part that holds the suffering. p i n g a voice to the inner child. The patient is offered the possibility of drawing what is occurring in the self's here and now, and given a choice of different graphic materials. At the end of the drawing and assessment phase the person is asked to note what has emerged, and a brief space of time may be allowed for description without interpretation. The represented Image is treated as the inner image in the classic protocol. To start, the patent is asked to focus on the drawing, on the negative cognition and on the bodily location of the emotional disorder, while bilateral stimulation is applied. At the end of each set, the patient is asked what he/she has noticed and the therapist verifies where the person now is in the re-elaboration. If there is a change the person may either work on the drawing, modifying it, or, if the change of image is radical, may produce another drawing. After several sets, an adaptive drawing emerge5 that may be installed as a resource. The report presents the use of the tool in various psychopathological conditions, with the support of video and graphic materials, particularly focusing on how to manage dissociation. Learning objectives: 1.To learn the use of drawing as a supplementary tool, through graphic and video material of clinical cases. 2. To recognise the indications in which it provides added value to the classical protocol. 3. to learn its use in various psychopathological conditions, with particular emphasis on dissociative states. The use of drawing as a supplementary tool within the EMDR protocol gives form to the inner representation of the trauma, objectivising it, and creates a bridge of communication between the self and the blocked parts, after which it will be possible to return to desensitizing and re-elaboration with the standard protocol.

Keywords: Dissociation Drawing Emotion

Accuracy Verified: Yes

172. McNeal, S. A. (2001, July). EMDR and dream interpretation. Presentation at the International Association for the Study of Dreams, Santa Cruz, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This paper describes a method of dream interpretation useful in psychotherapy.The therapist can use the treatment method EMDR (eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing) for processing dream images. The associations elicited in this manner provide a wealth of significant material for psychotherapy as well as resulting in meaningful dream interpretation. Learning Objectives: 1) To present a new method of dream interpretation 2) To describe the protocol so that others could use it 3) To indicate how this method can enhance therapeutic results Evaluation questions: 1) How does this use of EMDR differ from the standard use of EMDR with dream imagery? 2) Summarize briefly how EMDR is used for dream interpretation? 3) What are the advantages and disadvantages of this method of dream interpretation? EMDR and Dream Interpretation When utilizing EMDR to resolve a trauma, one of the four target areas in the standard EMDR protocol is the nightmare image. During reprocessing, the nightmare image often changes to reveal the real life experiences that are part of the traumatic material. If processing is complete, the nightmare image will not reoccur. Theoretically, the periods of REM sleep when dreaming occurs are thought to be natural survival mechanisms whereby experiences from the day are synthesized and stored in memory. It has been speculated that nightmares are the mind's attempts to metabolize trapped information. Because trauma can also produce interrupted and dysfunctional REM sleep, nightmares may reoccur indefinitely without resolution taking place. EMDR has been shown to effectively process nightmare images so that reoccurring nightmares cease. Less has been reported in the EMDR literature regarding dream images that are not nightmarish and do not reoccur. It is usually assumed that if the dreaming process is natural and healthy without nightmares or interrupted sleep, then it is not to be tampered with and is not a focus of treatment. However, EMDR can be very helpful in processing information from dreams, even when the dream images may not appear to be relevant. Case material will be presented to demonstrate how EMDR can be useful in processing dream images during the normal course of treatment as well as contributing to the resolution of specific traumas.

Keywords: Dreams

Accuracy Verified: Yes

173. Virdi, P., Plassmann, R., Seidel, M., & Konuk, E. (2010, June). EMDR and eating disorders. In Eating disorders. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Frequently for clients with eating disorders their complex histories contain many trauma experiences suggesting the potential illustration of EMDR as an adjunctive psychological treatment intervention. Although the amount of evidence based practice is presently not strong in supporting EMDR with this client group there is increasing practice based evidence outlining its potential usefulness with this client group. This symposium will outline the utilization of EMDR in various eating disorders clinical services in the United Kingdom, Germany and Turkey outlining how utilizing the AiP model end how EMDR was effectively integrated into the overall treatment pathway of care for children, adolescents, and adults.

Keywords: Eating Disorders Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

174. Paterson, M. J. (2009, March). EMDR and ego state therapy: Healing complex trauma and dissociation. Presentation at the EMDR Association UK & Ireland, Manchester, England UK .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
We all display particular patterns of thinking, feeling and acting, depending on the situation. The transition is usually seamless in well-adjusted people, but where there has been disrupted attachment or sustained early life trauma the result is often the formation of particular ego states, also known as alters, parts, or schema modes. These states perform roles usually geared towards survival, but in adulthood they can be dysfunctional. Depending upon a client’s early life experiences some ego states can be malevolent, wanting bad things for the client such as willing them to suffer in some way. It is necessary for clients to remain safe during EMDR sessions and contained between sessions. There is a need, therefore, to learn techniques to work with more difficult clients so they too can benefit from EMDR. It is also helpful to know how to deal with blocked processing due to the interference of an ego-state. This workshop provides an overview of dissociation and a review of models to explain it. There will be an explanation of Ego State Therapy (EST) and how it fits with EMDR. Clinical case material is used to illustrate learning points. Through demonstration and practice participants will learn how to access ego states in a controlled way and effect therapeutic change. In the latter part of the day, participants will see a video of a live case where EST is used effectively to moderate the malevolence displayed by two difficult ego states. Learning objectives  Understand the forms of dissociation  Understand the concept of ego state therapy.  Learn how to access ego states in a controlled way and effect therapeutic change.  Learn techniques to deal with difficult ego states.

Keywords: Dissociation Ego State Therapy Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

175. Paterson, M. (2010, April). EMDR and ego state therapy: Healing complex trauma and dissociation. Preconference presentation at the annual meeting for the European Society for Trauma and Dissociation, Belfast, Northern Ireland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
We all display particular patterns of thinking, feeling and acting, depending on the situation. The transition is usually seamless in well-adjusted people, but where there has been disrupted attachment or sustained early life trauma the result is often the formation of particular ego states, also known as alters, parts, or schema modes. These states perform roles usually geared towards survival, but in adulthood they can be dysfunctional. Depending upon a client’s early life experiences some ego states can be malevolent, wanting bad things for the client such as willing them to suffer in some way. These clients present us with the greatest challenges through what we know as complex trauma and dissociative disorders. It is necessary for clients to remain stable during EMDR sessions and contained between sessions, particularly with complex trauma and dissociative disorders. There is a need, therefore, to learn techniques to work in the Preparation Phase with more difficult clients so they too can benefit from the full EMDR protocol. It is also helpful to know how to deal with blocked processing in the Desensitization Phase due to the interference of an ego-state. This workshop initially provides an overview of dissociation and how it impacts on EMDR processing. There will be an explanation of Ego State Therapy (EST) and how it fits with EMDR to provide the stabilization clients need, as well as dealing with blocked processing. Clinical case material is used throughout to illustrate learning points. Through demonstration and practice participants will learn how to build resources for clients, access ego states in a controlled way and effect therapeutic change. In the latter part of the day, participants will see videos of live cases where EST is used effectively in the Preparation Phase of EMDR to: 1) identify the part-selves and 2) moderate the malevolence displayed by two difficult ego states. Learning objectives Understand how complex trauma and dissociative disorders impact EMDR processing Understand the concept of working with part-selves as a way of preparing clients for the standard EMDR protocol. Learn how to access ego states in a controlled way and effect therapeutic change and stability. Learn techniques to deal with difficult ego states.

Keywords: Dissociation Ego State Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

176. Peterson, M. 2010, April). EMDR and ego state therapy: Healing complex trauma and dissociation. Presentation at the 2nd Bi-Annual International European Society for Trauma and Dissociation Conference, Belfast, Northern Ireland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
We all display particular patterns of thinking, feeling and acting, depending on the situation. The transition is usually seamless in well-adjusted people, but where there has been disrupted attachment or sustained early life trauma the result is often the formation of particular ego states, also known as alters, parts, or schema modes. These states perform roles usually geared towards survival, but in adulthood they can be dysfunctional. Depending upon a client’s early life experiences some ego states can be malevolent, wanting bad things for the client such as willing them to suffer in some way. These clients present us with the greatest challenges through what we know as complex trauma and dissociative disorders. It is necessary for clients to remain stable during EMDR sessions and contained between sessions, particularly with complex trauma and dissociative disorders. There is a need, therefore, to learn techniques to work in the Preparation Phase with more difficult clients so they too can benefit from the full EMDR protocol. It is also helpful to know how to deal with blocked processing in the Desensitization Phase due to the interference of an ego-state. This workshop initially provides an overview of dissociation and how it impacts on EMDR processing. There will be an explanation of Ego State Therapy (EST) and how it fits with EMDR to provide the stabilization clients need, as well as dealing with blocked processing. Clinical case material is used throughout to illustrate learning points. Through demonstration and practice participants will learn how to build resources for clients, access ego states in a controlled way and effect therapeutic change. In the latter part of the day, participants will see videos of live cases where EST is used effectively in the Preparation Phase of EMDR to: 1) identify the part-selves and 2) moderate the malevolence displayed by two difficult ego states. Learning objectives Understand how complex trauma and dissociative disorders impact EMDR processing Understand the concept of working with part-selves as a way of preparing clients for the standard EMDR protocol. Learn how to access ego states in a controlled way and effect therapeutic change and stability. Learn techniques to deal with difficult ego states.

Keywords: Complex Trauma Dissociation Ego State Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

177. Protinsky, H., Flemke, K., & Sparks, J. (2001, June). EMDR and emotionally oriented couples therapy. Contemporary Family Therapy, 23(2), 153-168. doi:10.1023/A:1011193518301.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
When reviewing past and current research on the role of emotion in couples therapy, there appeared to be a lack of articulation concerning how emotional expressions and relational dynamics are affected by emotional trauma that has not been accessed. The authors demonstrate how emotionally and experientially oriented therapy with couples can be enhanced by accessing stored trauma through the use of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). This approach is called Eye Movement Relationship Enhancement (EMRE) therapy and includes key clinical areas such as accessing and tolerating previously disowned emotion, reprocessing emotional experiences, and amplifying couple intimacy. These key areas are discussed and illustrated with case examples. [Springer]

Keywords: Empirical Study Family Therapy Literature Review Marital Problems Nonclinical Case Study Psychotherapeutic Processes Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

178. Ostacoli:, L., Bertino, G., & Faretta, E. (2013, June). EMDR and health: EMDR brief treatment in medical conditions with a high emotional charge: A possible challenge. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Geneva, Switzerland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Stress and high emotional situations such as complex traumas have a negative influence on the psycho – physiologic adaptive process to illness. If these experiences are not elaborated, they could be stored as dysfunctional memories causing psychophysical vulnerability. EMDR treatment requires a proper detection and reprocessing of stressing memories in present and past events and in future templates, handling worries and fears.
Treatment protocol for serious medical diseases will be presented, focusing in the domains of Multiple Sclerosis and Oncology. Starting from the person and his system (biopsychosocial model), the main interest will be placed on case conceptualization and preparation of the project with EMDR, and then the identification of targets for further processing. From here, through the exposure of specific cases treated, we will work on bodily symptoms (the feeling perceived) through floatback to promote the connection of memories. The presentation of the research project and the first data obtained will follow.
The design helps the person to relate themselves to the traumatic material as something that they can see, represent, touch, by sharing and by exploring their resonances with the therapist; the design provides an emotional containment that allows the processing of intense emotions, reduces significantly the risk of dissociations, and allows the recovery of creative resources.
The fundamental aim of the model is to facilitate the building of a constructive relationship with themselves and with the “sick body”, by elaborating the traumatic events that have led to a dysfunctional self-image and explored, strengthened their resources with the aim of building the “navigation tools” and an effective “first-aid kit” for times of crisis. It will be presented the model of the intervention and the strategies proposed and used, through the presentation of clinical cases.
The analysis of the success factors and of the difficulties encountered will allow us to define a possible direction for future brief interventions with patients affected by complex organic diseases.
Learning objectives: To learn EMDR protocols adapted to deal with serious medical illnesses such as Cancer and Multiple Sclerosis; To analyse the therapeutic process by narrative and graphic material; and To learn specific features to deal with fears of loss and impairment

Keywords: Disease Medical Illness Multiple Sclerosis Oncology

Accuracy Verified: Yes

179. Sittig, K. J. (2008, September). EMDR and hypnotherapy: Integration of EMDR and hypnotherapy. An innovative, highly- efficient, resources – based method for PTSD - treatment [EMDR und hypnotherapie]. Preconference presentation on EMDR at the European Congress of Hypnosis, Vienna, Austria.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Treat the trauma without treating the trauma The common opinion is that you can not resolve a trauma simply by installation of resources. Resource activation effectuates the stabilization of the patient before starting the trauma treatment. But if the resources are tailored exactly fitting the trauma–action–system that decreases the trauma arousal (SUD) or even resolves it completely. The author could find this to be true in many cases in his psychotherapeutic work. The patients feel secure in their private sphere, because it is neither necessary to describe the traumatic experiences absorbed nor to experience them again! This method is based on the target–focused sensitization of Resources–Ego-States (SUR–scale) exactly consistent with the trauma experience. Therefore it is necessary to define a new paradigm and a new scale: EMDR generates or reinforces resource– action–systems. To measure the arousal of the resources use the SUR–scale, Subjective Units of Resources. The author shortly describes and explains his model of hypno–systemic trauma therapy, the psycho–physiological and the neuro–physiological model. The integration of EMDR and hypno–systemic trauma therapy effectuates another benefaction: The therapist activates his own resources in his everyday work! Previous knowledge is not necessary.

Keywords: Hypnotherapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

180. Rodriguez, G., Solvey, P., Solvey, R., & Tagliavini, S. (1995). EMDR and medical conditions. EMDR Network Newsletter, 5(3), 6-8.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
We have successfully treated some clients with somatic complaints, and would like to share our experiences with you. The following very briefly describe cases for which we used EMDR successfully.

Keywords: Medical Conditions

Accuracy Verified: Yes

181. van Rood, Y., & de Roos, C. (2012, June). EMDR and medically unexplained physical symptoms (MUPS): Case conceptualisation and treatment [EMDR y los síntomas somáticos inexplicables por la medicina (MUPS): Conceptualización del caso y tratamiento]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Medically unexplained physical symptoms (MUPS) are symptoms for which adequate examination did not reveal sufficiently explanatory structural or other specified pathology. This includes patients with somatoform disorders such as conversion disorder, hypochondriasis, and pain disorder. But also patients with functional syndromes such as fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, and irritable bowel syndrome and patients with specific physical symptoms such as pain, nausea, itch for which no medical cause has been detected. Empirical evidence suggests that traumatic experiences can play a role in the aetiology of MUPS and somatoform disorders (Roelofs & Spinhoven, 2007). Furthermore, unprocessed traumatic memories can play a role in the maintenance of MUPS (de Roos & van Rood, in press). Indeed,the results of a systematic review suggest that EMDR might be an effective treatment for MUPS and somatoform disorders, particularly when the somatic complaints are trauma related (van Rood & de Roos, 2009). Clinicians need to establish if the specific complaint of their patient is trauma related, whether the unprocessed trauma memory maintains the somatic symptom, and if so in what way. In this presentation the different ways are discussed in which trauma memories can be related to MUPS and how this may maintain the complaint; i.e. hinder recovery. The presentation will be illustrated with video fragments of the EMDR process in several patients with diverse somatic complaints.

Los síntomas somáticos médicamente inexplicables (MUPS), son síntomas para los cuales un adecuado examen no muestra una explicación estructural suficiente ni otra patología específica. Esto incluye pacientes con trastornos somatomorfos como el trastorno de conversión, hipocondría y trastorno por dolor. Pero también los pacientes con síndromes funcionales como la fibromialgia, síndrome de fatiga crónica, síndrome del colon irritable y pacientes con síntomas físicos específicos como dolor, náuseas, picores sin causa médica, fueron detectados. La evidencia empírica sugiere que las experiencias traumáticas pueden jugar un papel en la etiología del MUPS y los trastornos somatomorfos (Roelofs & Spinhoven, 2007). Es más, los recuerdos traumáticos sin procesar pueden jugar un papel en el mantenimiento del MUPS (de Roos & van Rood, in press). De hecho, los resultados de revisiones sistemáticas sugieren que el EMDR puede ser un tratamiento efectivo para MUPS y los trastornos somatomorfos, de manera específica cuando las quejas somáticas de los pacientes están relacionadas con un trauma. Los clínicos necesitan establecer si existen quejas específicas de sus pacientes relacionadas con el trauma o no. Si el trauma sin procesar mantiene los síntomas somáticos o no. En esta presentación diferentes caminos serán discutidos, en donde el trauma puede estar relacionado con el MUPS y cómo éste puede mantener la queja. La presentación será acompañada de fragmentos de vídeo para el procesamiento de EMDR en numerosos pacientes con diversas quejas somáticas.

Keywords: Medically Unexplained Physical Symptoms MUPS

Accuracy Verified: Yes

182. Cole, M. (2010, July). EMDR and metacognitive therapy: Same destination, different language. Poster presented at the 38th Annual Conference of the British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Therapies, Manchester, UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The information processing model has been described in many different ways and is potentially the underlying process that describes the psychotherapy change process, regardless of orientation. In this poster I will briefly compare Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing and Meta-Cognitive Therapy in light of this information processing model and conclude that although they may use different language to describe their theories, a unifying information processing model describes both paradigms. Human beings are meaning making machines (Robbins, 2009). We give meaning to the world, the deeds we do and the interactions we have, as well as the more fundamental senses we experience (Frankl, 2004). Information arises either from external stimulus or internal process’s and this information goes through our filters where we delete, distort and generalise this information based on the rules created in our information processing unit (Fig 1). This information processing mechanism gives meaning to this filtered information and generates a response, this response interacts with this information and the cycle then repeats in a self regulatory manner. This process is repeated for everything we do; we are and continues until we die. Mental health issues arise when this self regulatory system fails to make a useful functional meaning of the information. Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) was developed by Francine Shapiro (1989) for the treatment of trauma memories and associated emotions, changing the meaning the person gives to their experiences. Metacognitive Therapy (MCT) was developed by Wells and Matthews (1984) as a way of defining the processes that underpin a range of psychological disorders. One of the features of psychological disorders such as anxiety or depression is that thinking becomes difficult to control and biased in particular ways that lead to a worsening and maintenance of emotional suffering. Many clients report that they feel that they have ‘lost control’ over their thoughts and behaviours. Another important feature is that the persons thinking and attention becomes fixed in patterns of brooding and dwelling on the self and threatening information. Both EMDR and MCT describe an information management/processing system that organises and carries out various tasks such as how to open a door, how to get dressed, how to be anxious, how to respond to a trauma memory Both therapies appear to change this system / process to something that is much more adaptive for the client, as if they change the master information management control programme that runs this system, in the same way a conductor influences the orchestra and the music they produce. Both models describe the same process, although they utilise different language to describe this change process. Perhaps a change of focus for the development of pychotherapy towards more process change models rather than content change interventions.

Keywords: Metacognitive Therapy Poster

Accuracy Verified: Yes

183. Standart, S., & Wood, C. (2011, October). EMDR and mindfullness. Presentation at the 3rd annual EMDR Autumn Workshop Conference, Durham, England.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
A presentation of on a case series of complex Type II PTSD for early childhood and adult trauma with scores of 50+ on the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) and using a phased approach to EMDR with mindfulness practice prior to EMDR. Descriptions of mindfulness practice and EMDR protocol use with outcome measure on the DES, Impact of Events Scale score (IES-R) and a depression Inventory will be presented Global outcomes such as occupational and social functioning will also be described for these clients. Working with clients with complex trauma and marked dissociation and how to develop a timely phased protocol for these difficult to engage clients. (Author abstract)

Keywords: Mindfulness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

184. McGoldrick, T., Begum, M., & Brown, K. W. (2008). EMDR and olfactory feference syndrome: A case series. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 2(1), 63-68. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.2.1.63.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Olfactory reference syndrome (ORS) is an illness currently considered a delusional disorder under the DSM-IV criteria. Patients believe that they emit a foul odor, causing them great emotional distress and negative social consequences. Its etiology is inadequately understood, and there is generally a poor response to pharmacological and psychotherapeutic interventions. This article describes the treatment of four consecutive cases of ORS whose pathological symptoms had endured for 8-48 years. The administration of EMDR consisted of processing the various life experiences that appeared to cause and/or trigger the pathology. The EMDR sessions resulted in a complete resolution of symptoms in all four cases, which was maintained at follow-up. Given the rapid and sustained results, we offer a hypothesis based on the Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) model to explain the etiopathology and remission. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing Model Adults AIP Case Report Delusional Disorder Females Olfactory Reference Symptoms ORS Shame Stressors Survivors Trauma Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

185. Zaccagnino, M. & Cussino, M. (2012, June). EMDR and parenting: A case-report [EMDR y crianza de los hijos: Un informe de caso]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Attachment research has investigated the role of parents’ attachment representation on the quality of attachment developed by their children (George, Kaplan e Main, 1984/1985/1996; van Ijzerdoorn, 1995). Past research on children has shown that there is an association between problematic care-‐giving, attachment insecurity and psychopathology (e.g., Greenberg, 1999; O’Connor, Marvin, Rutter, Olrick, & Britner, 2003; Rutter, 2006). On the other hand, secure attachment in childhood and adulthood is typically associated with a history of involvement in supportive and sensitive care giving relationships (Cairns, 2002; Mikulincer & Shaver, 2007). The results lead to the hypothesis of the intergenerational transmission of attachment identified by van Ijzendoorn (1995). These studies, however, failed to explain why insecure attachment in the parent does not necessarily lead to an insecure attachment pattern of the child, nor why children can develope insecure patterns of attachment even in the case of positive attachment experiences with caregivers (Solomon e George, 2000). In the light of these considerations, and recovering an aspect sharpened by Bowlby (1969), George and Solomon (1999; Solomon e George, 2000) proposed a different approach to the study of parent-‐child relationship, point up the differences between the attachment system and the caregiving system, despite the mutual influences due to their complementarity. These authors have proposed to investigate the specific characteristics of the system of caregiving, paying more attention to the current relationship between child and parent. Their hypothesis is that the characteristics of that relationship may affect the link between past attachment experiences of the caregiver and attachment pattern developed by the child, representing a significant element for understanding the behavior and the quality of the care of the caregiver. Therefore, the IWM of the parent would be the most important predictor of the quality of attachment developed by the children, as capable of driving the mental state of the caregiver to him (Solomon e George, 1996). Given these assumptions, it is clear that traumatic experiences in the parent, stored in a dysfunctional way, can be reactivated in the parent’s caregiving system, defining an IWM of attachment system of the child that holds the memory traces of such traumatic events. In this regard, a series of tools such as the Child Attachment Interview (Target et al. 2007) and the Parent Development Interview (Slade et al. 1993) which constitute a needful resource for the assessment of IWM of attachment and caregiving system will be presented. A clinical case in which mother in EMDR treatment had an indirect positive effect on mother-‐child relationship and on the child’s wellbeing will be reported. The results have been documented and show clear changes in the mental representations of the caregiving system measured with PDI. The results will be shown.

La investigación sobre el apego ha proporcionado representaciones del rol del apego parental en función de la calidad del apego desarrollado por sus hijos (George, Kaplan e Main, 1984/1985/1996; van Ijzerdoorn, 1995). Investigaciones anteriores han mostrado que existe una asociación entre los cuidadores problemáticos y el apego inseguro y la psicopatológica (e.g., Greenberg, 1999; O’Connor, Marvin, Rutter, Olrick, & Britner, 2003; Rutter, 2006). Por otro lado, el apego seguro en la infancia y la etapa adulta es asociado con una historia de participación activa y sensible de las relaciones de los cuidadores (Cairns, 2002; Mikulincer & Shaver, 2007). Los resultados nos llevan a la hipótesis de transmisión intergeneracional del apego identificada por Van Ijzendoorn (1995). Estos estudios, sin embargo, fallaron a la hora de explicar porqué el apego inseguro de los padres no desembocaba necesariamente a un patrón de apego inseguro en el niño, no debido a que los patrones inseguros del apego del niño pueden llegar a desarrollarse incluso con unas experiencias positivas de apego con sus cuidadores (Solomon e George, 2000). En línea con estas investigaciones y recuperando un aspecto propuesto por Bowlby (1969), George e Solomon (1999; Solomon e George, 2000) (1969), los cuales propusieron un enfoque diferente en el estudio de las relaciones padres-‐ hijo, señalando las diferencias entre el sistema de apego y el sistema de cuidados, debido a las influencias entre ambos debido a que son complementarios. Estos autores se propusieron investigar las características específicas del sistema de cuidado, prestando más atención a la relación entre el niño y el cuidador. Nuestra hipótesis es que las características de dicha relación pueden afectar al enlace entre las experiencias pasadas de apego del cuidador y los patrones de apego desarrollados por el niño, representando un elemento importante para el entendimiento del comportamiento y la calidad del cuidado. Sin embargo el IWM del padre, puede ser uno de os predictores más importantes a la hora de estimar la calidad del apego desarrollada por el niño, capaz de conducir el estado mental del cuidador al suyo propio (Solomon e George, 1996). Tomando estas afirmaciones, está claro que las experiencias traumáticas en los padres, almacenadas de manera disfuncional, pueden ser reactivadas en el sistema de cuidado de los padres, definiendo un IWN de sistema de apego del niño que guarda trazas de memoria de dichos eventos traumáticos En relación con esto presentaremos una serie de herramientas como la “Child Attachment Interview (Target et al. 2007) y la “Parent Development Interview” (Slade et al. 1993), que constituyen un recurso necesario para la asignación del IWN de apego y sistema de cuidado. Mostraremos un caso clínico en donde la madre realizo EMDR y tuvo un efecto indirecto positivo en la relación madre-‐hijo y en el bienestar del niño. Los resultados han sido documentados con un claro cambio de la representación mental del sistema de cuidado medido con el PDI. Se mostrarán los resultados

Keywords: Parenting

Accuracy Verified: Yes

186. Matthess, H., & Woller, W. (2010, June). EMDR and personality disorders. Preconference presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Over the last few years, causal relationships between childhood traumatic experiences and the development of personalities have been increasingly discussed. An understanding of personality disorders as a consequence of attachment trauma creates new therapeutic approaches for patients who are considered difficult to treat, though urgently in need of therapy.
First of all, the workshop will present an overview of possible neurobiological causes responsible for evolutionary principles of specific patterns of experiencing and behaviour in personality disorders. Most of their features can be explained as being natural reactions to extreme traumatic stress: unresolved traumatic experiences that cannot be encoded chronologically are, to a varying degree, subjectively experienced as separated from the personality. Other features of personality disorders, such as emotion regulation and mentalization function, can be understood as being a consequence of attachment trauma as well.
Following this, a treatment conception will be presented that combines elements from trauma therapies with aspects of a psychodynamic understanding of attachment relationships. Among others, the problems of personality-disordered patients related to regulating closeness and distance, resulting from their fears of intimacy and abandonment, will be addressed. Finally, the implications of the discussed topics for EMDR treatment will be considered.

Keywords: Personality Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

187. de Jongh, A. (2008, September). EMDR and phobias: Treatment of fears and phobias with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)[EMDR bei angst: Und panikstörungen]. Pre-Congress presentation at the European Congress of Hypnosis, Vienna, Austria.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) has been shown to be a structured, noninvasive, time-limited, and evidence-based treatment for the processing of memories of traumatic conditioning events and related symptomatology. There is a growing body of evidence showing the effectiveness of EMDR for specific phobias, a group of conditions that have been found to be more prevalent than any other group of psychiatric disorders studied. This workshop focuses on EMDR as a treatment approach for fear reactions related to - and avoidance of - specific objects and situations. The participants will learn: 1) about the fascinating possibilities of using EMDR in their work 2) how EMDR can be applied with clients who suffer from fears and phobias 3) to assess clients with patterns of fearful avoidance and to identify strategically important memories of earlier negative learning experiences for processing 4) to integrate EMDR interventions into a general (hypno)therapeutic approach. This will be illustrated by segments of video taped treatment sessions of clients suffering from a broad diversity of phobias (e.g., dental phobia, vomiting phobia, shark phobia).

Keywords: Phobias Dental Phobias Shark Phobias Vomiting Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

188. Wachtel, P. L. (2002). EMDR and psychoanalysis. In F. Shapiro (Ed.), EMDR as an integrative psychotherapy approach: Experts of diverse orientations explore the paradigm prism (1st ed.) (pp. 123-150). Washington: American Psychological Association.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Although EMDR is clearly an integrative approach, it is an integrative approach with a strong cognitive-behavioral flavor. In this chapter, EMDR is examined and considered from a different vantage point. For some time, I too have been engaged in developing an integrative approach to therapy. However, apropos the previous paragraph, my integrative efforts have a different flavor; they are rooted most deeply in the psychodynamic tradition, not the cognitive- behavioral.As a consequence of my psychodynamic vantage point, my view and use of EMDR differ somewhat from the "classic" approach to EMDR. This chapter is thus likely to reflect clinical and theoretical views that differ in important ways from those of many of this book's other authors. However, my discussion does not constitute a critique of EMDR. I began using EMDR and am writing this chapter because I am intrigued by EMDR -- by its clinical potential, the experiences it seems to generate, and the challenges to theory and research that it presents. My goal is to expand our ways of viewing and thinking about EMDR, and to consider the ways in which EMDR can be enriched by a psychoanalytic perspective and vice versa. For an integration or combination of EMDR and psychoanalysis to be viable, two conditions must be satisfied. The differences must not be so fundamental and unbridgeable that any effort to bring the two approaches together is inherently incoherent and contradictory. At the same time, the differences must not be so trivial or superficial that putting them together adds little or nothing. The interface between EMDR and psychoanalysis meets both these conditions, and the chapter will attempt to demonstrate this as it proceeds. [Adapted from Text, p. 124] [Pilots]

Keywords: Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy Psychotherapeutic Processes

Accuracy Verified: Yes

189. Solomon, R., Hofman, A., Seidler, G., & Tiedt-Schutte, M. (2005, June). EMDR and recent event trauma: The tsunami disaster. In “EMDR in action,” Part 1. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Brussels, Belgium.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR can be utilized shortly after a traumatic event as described by the protocol from Shapiro and Solomon (1992 and 1995). Even if there is no controlled study finalized, there is sufficient experience with the protocol to guide further research. Experiences from research studies and clinical experiences on EMDR and acute trauma will be presented. Discussion will focus on issues of client selection, client readiness for EMDR. and timing of EMDR. The EMDR recent event protocol and experimental protocols for extreme dissociation following a traumatic event will be presented. A European network for developing more research regarding the diversity of acute trauma reactions are proposed.

Keywords: Recent Event Trauma Symposium Tsunami

Accuracy Verified: Yes

190. Leeds, A. M., & Shapiro, F. (2000). EMDR and resource installation: Principles and procedures for enhancing current functioning and resolving traumatic experiences. In J. Carlson, & L. Sperry (Eds.), Brief therapy with individuals and couples (pp. 469-534). Phoenix, Arizona: Zeig, Tucker & Theisen, Inc..

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
This chapter presents an overview of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), a research-validated treatment for PTSD, and a related set of procedures known as resource development and installation (RDI), which have been reported to be useful in ego strengthening and stabilization. First, the extant research on EMDR, its theoretical model, and the 8 phases of its treatment are summarized (patient history and treatment planning, preparation, assessment, desensitization, installation, body scan, closure, and reevaluation). The 5 main elements of memory networks in EMDR are: image, thoughts and sounds, affect, sensation, and self-appraisal. The principles and theoretical foundations of RDI are then discussed. Then, 2 case examples are given. The 1st case illustrates a simple application of resource development and installation to supplement the standard EMDR PTSD protocol in the brief treatment of a marital crisis. The 2nd case summarizes the brief, strategic use of RDI to stabilize a patient with complex PTSD who was referred for collaborative treatment and to build a foundation for comprehensive EMDR treatment. [Adapted from Text, p. 469] [Pilots]

Keywords: Brief Psychotherapy Clinical Case Study Empirical Study Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

191. Levine, L. (1998, July). EMDR and sex therapy. Prresentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Baltimore, MD.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will: 1) learn how to identify cultural messages about sex that can have a negative impact in the belief system of a client, and use there internalized messages to identify potential targets for EMDR; 2) learn and understand how EMDR can reprocess the negative effects of small "t" trauma; 3) learn and understand how EMDR can be used to generate new pathways for positive sexual templates that will result in successful sexual experiences; 4) learn and understand how EMDR can reinforce newly achieved successful sexual experiences; 5) learn and understand why it is important to take a psychosocial sexual history; and 6) learn and share relevant resource materials on sexuality for clients and clinicians.

Keywords: Sex Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

192. Zangwill, W. M. (2004, July). EMDR and sex therapy. Contemporary Sexuality, 38(7), 13-20.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Over the past 15 years, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) has been used to effectively treat the pain and dislocation caused by such trauma as rape. Research has repeatedly shown EMDR to be effective in the treatment of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and it has been accepted as efficacious by a number of organizations in the trauma field. EMDR is an integrative, psychotherapeutic approach that assumes that information is processed and stored on a number of different dimensions: sensory, cognitive, affective, and psychological. EMDR assumes the existence of an adaptive information processing system that digests life experiences and integrates them as needed most of the time. [AN]

Keywords: Sex Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

193. Shapiro, F., & Laliotis, D. (2011, June). EMDR and the adaptive information processing model: Integrative treatment and case conceptualization. Clinical Social Work Journal, 39(2), 191-200. doi:10.1007/s10615-010-0300-7.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
EMDR is a comprehensive psychotherapy approach that is compatible with all contemporary theoretical orientations. Internationally recognized as a frontline trauma treatment, it is also applicable to a broad range of clinical issues. As a distinct form of psychotherapy, the treatment emphasis is placed on directly processing the neurophysiologically stored memories of events that set the foundation for pathology and health. The adaptive information processing model that governs EMDR practice invites the therapist to address the overall clinical picture that includes the past experiences that contribute to a client’s current difficulties, the present events that trigger maladaptive responses, and to develop more adaptive neural networks of memory in order to enhance positive responses in the future. The clinical application of EMDR is elaborated through a description of the eight phases of treatment with a case example that illustrates the convergences with psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, and systemic practice.

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP Integrative Treatment Memory Networks

Accuracy Verified: Yes

194. Bar-Sade, E. (2002, May). EMDR and the challenge of working with young children. EMDR Israel Association, Nazereth Ilit, Israel.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
Treatment of very young children who experienced trauma poses a challenge for the therapist using EMDR. Very young children lack the ability to express their experiences verbally. In addition, their cognitive development is not mature enough to process their experiences via the cognitive channel. Their understanding of time is not developed enough to distinguish between past, present and future and they are not yet able to take an alternative perspective on experiences they have encountered, some of which may have been traumatic for them.

Keywords: Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

195. Weston, D. L. (1995, June). EMDR and the issues of gay clients. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR is an effective therapeutic method for working with the emotional issues of gay clients. The first portion of this workshop will examine the "pubic" and "relationship" definitions of homosexuality. Being gay is much more than how people express themselves sexually. A brief historical and cultural kamework for understanding the emotional issues of lesbian I gay persons will be presented. There will be a review of the psychological theories and the research about the origins of homosexuality. The second portion of the workshop will focus on the psychological path of persons recognizing they are gay. The changes in the "pre-stonewall' and "post-stonewall" experience will be highlighted. This review of psychological experience will look at the points where EMDR therapists can be sensitive to the presence of emotional issues related to being gay. Feeling "different" is often a precursor to recognizing that one is gay. It is impossible to grow up in our culture without internalization of negative attitudes about gay people. When an individual recognizes (s)he is lesbian or gay, this negative learning now applies to one's self. EMDR is effective in resolving this "internalized homophobia." "Coming out" to one's self is a shock because, "I am no longer the person I believed myself to be." EMDR helps clients see gayness, not as an event happening in Me at this moment, but as something with a history related to earlier life experiences and feelings. This perception of continuity reduces the sense of crisis around being homosexual. As internalized homophobia is resolved, acceptance and valuing of self increases. Using the EMDR "future template" protocol assists people in preparing to "come out" to family, fiiends, employers, etc. Gay activists suggests that lesbian/gay persons need to be "out" in all situations. EMDR can help people understand why they want to come out to various people in various situations. It assists in idenhfxation of what people want as the result of "coming out." EMDR is effective in workmg with the myths about homosexuality; the cultural homophobia. Among the myths to be focused are: gay men are promiscuous, being gay is immoral, gay sexual expression is perversion, gay relationships don't last, lesbian/gay persons recruit young people, etc. The third portion of this workshop will focus on issues of HIV disease. There will be a brief epidemiological presentation and focus on the medical and psychological issues of persons with HIV disease. Application of EMDR at "crisis points" of HIV disease will be presented: (1) the worried well, a diminishing population as the aids epidmc continues, (2) the time of HIV+ diagnosis when the potential for suicide is highest, (3) the time of the first AIDS defining illness, (4) response to declining health and approaching death, and (5) issues of "meaning" as life moves toward death. EMDR's application in grief and multiple loss will be presented. Our culture's attitude that grief is something to "be resolved" and "get over" is a mistake. Grief is an ongoing process, especially when people are dealing with multiple losses of partners, fiends, etc. EMDR is effective in reducing the pain around loss so that the grief process can proceed more comfortably. The workshop will end with discussion of characteristics which therapists need to evaluate in relation to the decision to work or not work with gay and gay HIV infected clients. Working with gay men leads to working with clients with HIV disease. Therapists need to be clear about their boundaries and comfort in dealing with home and hospital visits, touching people who have AIDS, being present at the death of a client, and other issues that arise in HIVIAIDS care. The rewards of working with this population and the life changes it may make for the therapist will also be highlighted.

Keywords: Gay Clients Homosexuality

Accuracy Verified: Yes

196. van der Kolk, B. A. (2003, June). EMDR and the lessons from neuroscience research. Plenary presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Rome Italy.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Until recently we had little knowledge how to help people integrate such disintegrated traumatic imprints. Traditionally, before the advent of contemporary methods of treatment outcome evaluation, many clinicians, from Pierre Janet to Milton Erikson and his followers, considered hypnosis to be the treatment of choice. Unfortunately the efficacy of hypnosis for the treatment of PTSD was never systematically studied. EMDR was the first of a group of new therapies that did not primarily rely on speaking about one’s traumatic experiences, but that claimed to be able to rapidly and effectively integrate traumatic memories by asking PTSD subjects to focus intensely on the emotions, sensations and meaning of the traumatic experience, while asking to follow the hand of a clinician who induces slow saccadic eye movements. EMDR had a number of advantages over hypnosis, including the fact that it could easily be put into a treatment protocol. This makes it relatively easy to conduct treatment outcome research. Since it was first articulated by Francine Shapiro, around 1988, it has received intense scientific scrutiny and has been found to be quite an effective treatment of PTSD (e.g. Chemtob et. al, 2000), even though the specific role of eye movements in its therapeutic action remains controversial.

Keywords: Neuroscience Plenary Research

Accuracy Verified: Yes

197. Rogers, S. M. (2008, June). EMDR and the treatment of combat trauma. Keynote at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
From the first days of its development, EMDR was applied to those suffering from the trauma of war. As EMDR pioneers worked with this population, the unique features of resolving combat-related PTSD rapidly became clear. These features included not only the complexity of the symptoms, issues, and the involvement of other life experiences but included also the particular skills, knowledge, and attitudes needed of the clinician. In the area of research, while the population of survivors with warrelated PTSD steadily and unfortunately has grown, research has not kept pace. This has resulted not only in deficits of the scientific support for EMDR but has contributed to challenges to the use of EMDR with combat veterans.

Keywords: Combat Keynote

Accuracy Verified: Yes

198. Levin, C. (1992, July). EMDR and the treatment of partners of survivors of sexual abuse. Presentation at the Fourth World Congress on Behaviour Therapy, Queensland, Australia .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Although there are estimated to be millions of survivors of child sexual abuse, little has been said about the partners of these survivors and the extreme difficulties which they encounter. Awe believe that these partners are “vicarious” victims of child sexual abuse themselves. As the survivor begins to deal with the issues of his/her own sexual abuse, it catalyses experiences of guilt, shame, rage, feelings of dissociation, fear, sadness, resentment, etc. The victim’s feelings towards the family or origin and the perpetrator is both emotionally draining and reoccupying to the detriment of the current relationship. The partner may be blamed for lack of understanding and caring and, almost certainly, the quality of the sexual relationship changes for the worse. Often, as the victim bombards the partner with disparaging comments and temper tantrums, the partner may begin a process of emotionally distancing. The survivor experiences this distancing as a further injury and the relationship continues a downward spiral.

Keywords: Partners of Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

199. Rodrigues, S. R. C. (2012, Novembro). EMDR aplicado a tratamento com idosos [EMDR and the elderly]. In EMDR e dor crônica. Apresentação no II Congresso Brasileiro de EMDR, Brasília, Brasil.

Language: Portuguese

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Os idosos com dor crônica têm vivências dolorosas distintas, acompanhada na sua maioria de depressão e um alto nível de ansiedade. Os resultados seriam a redução dos sintomas através do reprocessamento, a diminuição da dor crônica ou seu desaparecimento. O objetivo do estudo é avaliar a intervenção com EMDR em idosos com diagnósticos de dor crônica e depressão e a redução dos sintomas na medida em que a ansiedade é reprocessada através da dessensibilização dos eventos traumáticos revelados pelos pacientes. A proposta é seguir por um tempo de seis meses a evolução de tratamento com uma amostra de idosos encaminhados pela Geriatra usando os materiais e recursos da abordagem EMDR. Para este congresso será apresentado o resultado de dez sessões, de uma paciente encaminhada por sua geriatra, diagnosticada com Parkinson e depressão profunda, sem alimentar-se corretamente há seis meses, com o peso de 32 quilos, sem conseguir caminhar em função de sua perna esquerda completamente “travada”, embora não apresentasse perdas musculares. Com poucas sessões obteve-se excelentes resultados. A paciente voltou para sua cidade, em outro estado, com um aumento significativo de peso, e será acompanhada mensalmente para averiguação de sua evolução.

Older people with chronic pain have different experiences painful, accompanied mostly depression and a high level of anxiety. The results would be a reduction of symptoms through reprocessing, decrease chronic pain or their disappearance. The objective of the study is to evaluate the intervention with EMDR in elderly patients with diagnoses of chronic pain and depression and reduction of symptoms in that anxiety is reprocessed through the desensitization of traumatic events revealed by the patients. The proposal is for a time following six months the evolution of treatment with a sample of elderly people referred by geriatricians using the materials and resources of the EMDR approach. To this congress will present the result of ten sessions, a patient referred by a geriatrician, diagnosed with Parkinson's and depression, not eating properly for six months, with the weight of 32 pounds, unable to walk because of his leg left completely "locked", though not present muscle loss. With few sessions yielded excellent results. The patient returned to his hometown in another state, with a significant increase in weight, and will be monitored monthly to investigate its evolution.

Keywords: Anxiety Chronic Pain Depression Elderly Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

200. Eimer, B. N. (1995, June). EMDR applications for pain management. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The focus of this 3-hour workshop will be on using EMDR to alleviate emotional distress attendant to coping with acute physical pain and living with chronic pain. Participants in this workshop will learn: (a) how to conduct a targeted assessment of the patient whose chief complaint is physical pain; (b) a guided pain healing meditation; (c) an EMDR protocol for installing pain relief imagery and self-care techniques; (d) an EMDR protocol for reprocessing covert pain talk, pain behaviors and pain-related memories; (e) how to apply A.J. Popky's EMDR protocol for reducing substance abuse (i.e., Overeating, drinking) and dependence on pain medication in this population. The presentation will first address how to conduct a structured assessment that identifies targets for EMDR treatment. The dysfunctional information package associated with chronic pain (termed the "biogram")and "seven keys" to understanding chronic pain will be discussed. Then, essential principles for designing an effective individual psychotherapy program for the pain sufferer will be presented. Next, use of the "seven keys for constructing a guided healing meditation (i.e., Self-care technique) for the pain patient that also incorporates Francine Shapiro's "light stream" and "spiral" guided meditations will be demonstrated. A script for this, termed the "C.O.M.P.I.S.S. Pain Healing Meditation," will be distributed. The workshop will then address how to introduce EMDR to the patient whose chief complaint is physical pain. What EMDR can do and probably cannot do for pain patients will then be discussed. Next, principles for choosing an initial tarqet for reprocessing will be discussed. The presentation will then cover (with clinical case examples): (1) Red flags and cautions to consider before proceeding with EMDR- (2) What to do and what not to do if the patient is dissociative; (3) How to "mirror" and install with EMDR empathic responses to underlying beliefs associated with "secondary gains" minus primary losses; (4) Teaching the distinction between pain sensations and suffering; (5) How to teach and install with EMDR self-care and pain coping techniques such as pain relief imagery, mental distraction techniques, safe place imagery, and positive motivation for healthy self-care behaviors; (6) How to directly address with the patient the application of "cognitive psychology" and imagery for pain reduction; (7) EMDR reprocessing of memories around the pain's origins; (8) EMDR reprocessing of pain-related conflicts, negative beliefs, negative past experiences, internalized self-identifications, self-punitive tendencies and self-defeating behaviors; (9) Eliciting core negative pain coping cognitions and suggesting preferable positive cognitions to the pain patient; (10) EMDR reprocessing of negative cognitions associated with depression and anxiety. (11) Use of EMDR to facilitate mental rehearsal of coping responses to pain triggers; (12) Material that often comes up in using EMDR with pain patients; (13) Strategically restructuring patient "resistance" with coanitive interweave; (14) Managing narcotic and pain medication seeking behavior and substance abuse; (15) Use of Popky's EMDR protocol for reducing medication dependence and substance abuse in this population; (16) Treating pain patients who also have PTSD. Videotaped case excerpts will be shown that illustrate important points covered. If time permits, participants may be able to briefly discuss EMDR applications to specific medical and pain patient populations.

Keywords: Chronic Pain Pain Pain Management

Accuracy Verified: Yes

201. Lawrence, M. (1998, July). EMDR as a special form of ego state psychotherapy. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Baltimore, MD.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will be able to: 1) use the ego state bridge technique in order to have more complete knowledge of what issues and experiences may manifest during the EMDR processing; 2) use the ego state bridge technique to access hidden ego states which are not presenting clearly in the course of repeated EMDR sets; 3) work with a patient to formulate the patient's ego state system; 4) identify and access protector ego states which may not want the ego state system to change and which are blocking the EMDR processing; 5) combine EMDR and ego state therapy techniques to get blocking protector ego states to join the therapeutic process; and 6) identify and access appropriate resource ego states which can be used in an ego state interweave to facilitate movement of a patient out of a stuck ego state.

Keywords: Ego State Bridge Ego State Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

202. Lawrence, M. A. (1999, June). EMDR as a special form of ego state psychotherapy. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Las Vegas, NV.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will: 1) be able to use the ego state bridge technique in order to have more compete knowledge of what issues and experiences may manifest during the EMDR processing; 2) be able to use the ego stale bridge technique to access hidden ego states which are not presenting clearly in the course of repeated EMDR sets (e.g., when SUD level is not subsiding); 3) know how to work with a patient to formulate the patient’s ego state system; 4) be able to identify and access protector ego states which may not want the ego state system to change and which are blocking the EMDR processing; 5) be able to combine EMDR and ego state therapy techniques to get blocking protector ego states to join the therapeutic process; 6) be able to identify and access appropriate resource ego state which can be used in an ego state interweave to facilitate movement of a patient out of a stuck ego state; and 7) be able to use a variety of general and specific EMDR techniques and strategies more effectively by using ego state psychotherapy principles as a guiding metamodel.

Keywords: Ego State Bridge Ego State Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

203. Horacek, C. (2005, Winter). EMDR as a therapeutic tool. The Conejo Connection, 4(1), 2-4.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
The main feature of EMDR is that by bilaterally stimulating the brain trauma, phobias and other disturbing experiences are “reprocessed” to move from one part of the brain to the higher-thinking cortical structures of the brain, and seem to lose their power to be disturbing. This is the “eye movement” part. In EMDR, the therapist moves their fingers back and forth in front of the client’s face and the client watches by moving their eyes (not turning their head) left right, left right. However, it has since been discovered that any type of bilateral stimulation works—auditory, tactile, even walking up and down, as the body moves first the left leg and then the right.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

204. Parnell, L. A. (2007, September). EMDR as a transpersonal psychotherapy. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Dallas, TX.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR is a powerful and effective psychotherapeutic method for healing trauma-based problems. In addition to its therapeutic effectiveness, it also leads in many cases to clients opening to transpersonal experiences. In this presentation, information on EMDR’s Adaptive Information Processing model and EMDR procedure are reviewed. Description and discussion of the spiritual unfoldment in EMDR clients is given, along with new research highlighting the following areas: the development of wisdom, compassion, trust in life, forgiveness, insights, epiphanies, experiences of spiritual freedom, and openings into the psychic realm (Turpin, 1999). Also included will be discussion of how to use EMDR to access and strengthen spiritual experiences, using EMDR with clients who have experienced near death experiences, and EMDR and after death communication to heal grief, including research using a new protocol, (Botkin, 1995, 2005). Suggestions on ways to enhance client’s spiritual experiences will be provided, as well as meditation practices.

Keywords: Transpersonal Psychotherapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

205. Fernandez, I. (2007). EMDR as a treatment of post-traumatic reactions: A field study on child victims of an earthquake. Educational and Child Psychology, 24(1), 65-72.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This field study explores the effectiveness of EMDR (eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing) for the post-traumatic reactions of child victims in the post-emergency context of an earthquake that occurred in 2002 in Molise, a region of Central Italy. EMDR was chosen as the treatment for the children of the San Giuliano Primary School in Molise. Twenty-two of the children who experienced the traumatic event, being suddenly buried under the debris of their collapsed school and in contact with the bodies of their dead classmates for hours, received three cycles of EMDR treatment over one year, with a total average of 6.5 sessions of EMDR each. The results show that EMDR contributed to the reduction or remission of PTSD symptoms and facilitated the processing of the traumatic experience. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Child Victims Elementary Schools Emotional Trauma Field Study Natural Disasters Post-Emergency Context Molise Earthquake Post-Traumatic Reactions PTSD PTSD Symptoms Remission Traumatic Experiences

Accuracy Verified: Yes

206. Farrell, D. (2010, June). EMDR based treatment of psychotraumatic antecedents in illicit drug abusers: A report of two cases. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In March 2007 an EMDR Europe HAP project, in conjunction with the University of Birmingham, commenced in Northern Pakistan in the aftermath of the earthquake that occurred in the region October 2005. Presently over 75 mental health workers have now been trained in EMDR in August 2009 six of these Pakistani mental health workers had successfully completed their EMDR Facilitator training. As a means of evaluating their EMDR training a Q Methodology was utilised. Q-Methodology allows a researcher to explore a complex phenomenon from a subject's point of view by using a distinct approach which rates the value of 25 statements in order from least to most desirable. These statements related to EMDR clinical practice, cultural application of EMDR. EMDR research development, and their experiences of their EMDR training. Results highlighted important issues around their training experience, how cultural sensitivities play an important part in the application of EMDR in Pakistan, and how the EMDR trainings can be adapted and improved for the future.

Keywords: HAP Project Q-Methodology Pakistan Poster

Accuracy Verified: No

207. Rougemont-Bucking, A. (2010, June). EMDR based treatment of psychotraumatic antecedents in illicit drug abusers: A report of two cases. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Background: EMDR has been recognized to be an efficacious treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Other, more recent indications comprise anxiety disorders and substance use disorders (SUD). With regard to SUD, the application of EMDR iS very challenging as patients frequently suffer from many comorbidities. Another concern is the fact that the dissociative experiencing during EMDR-sessions can potentially weaken the patients' coping strategies and provoke relapse through activation of intense drug craving. General procedure. Sessions were proposed once a week. Specific techniques like 'Safe Place', the technique of absorption, heart coherence training and ClPOS were applied prior to proposition of the standard EMDR-protocol. Drug consumption and craving was regularly monitored by means of the patents' self-reports and drug craving scores. The therapist was regularly supervised on the basis of video recordings. Patient 1: A 49 year old man being diagnosed for PTSD and dependency of opiates and benzodiazepines asked to benefit form EMDR with regard to his PTSD symptoms. Patient was abstinent from heroine consumption but consumed midazolam 3 times per week when entering the therapy. Initial evaluation showed an Impact of Event Scale (IES) score of 60, a Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) score of 39.6 and a midazolam craving score of 14. Patient 2 :A 37 old man was diagnosed for borderline personality disorder and for dependency of opiates. Heroine consumption occurred 1 to 3 times per month when starting the therapy EMDR based therapy was proposed as he complained about pertinacious insomnia due to trauma-like events during his childhood. Initial evaluation showed a DES score of 7.8 and a heroine craving score of 17. Global impression: EMDR based treatment of severely affected SUD patients appears to be a difficult and challenging endeavor However, some beneficial effects on general comfort and on drug consumption can be observed. A long stabilisation phase seems to be mandatory and the standard EMDR protocol needs to be conducted with much flexibility as patients were not able to handle intensive emotional stress for a long time period. There was no provocation of a prolonged psychological crisis or of relapse. Experiencing of emotional stress could be limited to the sessions and dissociation could be absorbed with specific techniques without increasing permanently drug craving. Learning objectives: 1. EMDR-based treatment is feasible in severely affected drug abusers 2. Extensive stabilisation of the patient using flexible adaptation of EMDR-related techniques is mandatory 3. Dissociation occurring during treatment has to be addressed carefully as it can easily bridge into drug craving and relapse What is unique: EMDR-based treatment may be a suitable way to treat patients who are still abusing drugs as these interventions focus on maladaptive associations that arise from both trauma and substance related cues.

Keywords: Drug Abusers Heroine Psychotraumatic Antecedents

Accuracy Verified: Yes

208. Stofsel, M. (2005). EMDR behandeling in het Sinaï Centrum – Drie jaar ervaring [EMDR treatment in the Sinai Centre: Three years experience]. Cogiscope, 1(1), 2-9.

Language: Dutch

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
Psychotherapeut Stöfsel beschrijft de bevindingen van het Sinai Centrum met de toepassing van EMDR bij cliënten die hebben ervaren traumatische ervaringen die zich herhaaldelijk voorgedaan of gedurende een langere periode. De verschillende traumatische ervaringen worden afzonderlijk behandeld. Voorwaarde is wel dat er moet een traumatische beeld. [Cogis]

Psychotherapist Stöfsel describes the findings of the Sinai Centre with the application of EMDR at clients who have experienced traumatic experiences which occurred repeatedly or during a longer period. The different traumatic experiences are treated separately. Condition is that there must be a traumatic picture. [Cogis]

Keywords: Dutch Jews Survivors War

Accuracy Verified: Yes

209. van Els, H. (2008, Maart). EMDR bij allochtonen en bij ouderen: In proces krijgen én houden met contextuele aanpassingen [EMDR for immigrants and the elderly: In trial and to contextual adaptation]. Presentatie op de derde conferentie van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Ede, Nederland.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Ouderen en allochtonen met PTSS zijn groepen patiënten die kunnen profiteren van behandeling met EMDR. Bied je echter, conform de multidisciplinaire richtlijn angststoornissen EMDR aan, dan stuit je op een aantal problemen. Voorbeelden daarvan zijn: geen eigen wens voor deze behandeling, sterke vermijding van het oprakelen van traumatische ervaringen, afzeggen en wegblijven, heftige lichamelijke ervaringen en afbreken van de sessie én taal als hindernis. In deze workshop worden ervaring besproken met ouderen (N=10; 62-82 jaar) en met een gevarieerde groep allochtonen (N=10) binnen een reguliere 2e lijns GGZ instelling. Allereerst worden enkele mislukkingen geanalyseerd. Het blijkt lastig te zijn om patiënt in de EMDR-procedure te krijgen en te houden. De rol van cultuur, van motivatie en committent en van taal wordt bekeken. Vervolgens worden aanpassingen getoond in: de voorbereiding, de uitleg en het te bereiken resultaat. Tevens wordt het belang aangegeven van het werken ‘als team’ met een vaste tolk. Alle inspanningen zijn gericht op het ‘gewoon’ uit kunnen voeren van EMDR.

Elderly and immigrants with PTSD groups of patients who may benefit from treatment with EMDR. However, your bid, according to the multidisciplinary guidelines for anxiety disorders EMDR, then you hit a number of problems. Examples include: no own desire for this treatment, avoiding the sharp rake of traumatic experiences, cancel and stay away, intense physical experiences and abort the session and language barrier. This workshop experience will be discussed with older people (N = 10, 62-82 years) and with a diverse group of immigrants (N = 10) in a regular second-line mental health institution. First, some failures analyzed. It seems difficult to be patient in the EMDR procedure to get and keep. The role of culture, motivation and Principals and language is viewed. Then adjustments shown in: the preparation, interpretation and results to be achieved. It also indicated the importance of working 'as a team "with a fixed interpretation. All efforts are aimed at 'ordinary' can perform EMDR.

Keywords: Anxiety Elderly Immigrants Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

210. Leuning, E., & Mevissen, L. (2012, March). EMDR bij autisme spectrum stoornis en EMDR bij verstandelijke beperking, zoek de verschillen [Complex PTSD: Evaluation of treatment by patient and therapist - "You need not type during EMDR."]. Presentatie op de 6e congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Arnhem, Nederland .

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Het herkennen van PTSS bij mensen met een stoornis in het autisme spectrum (ASS), of een verstandelijke beperking (VB) kan moeilijk zijn. Bij ASS, maar ook bij VB wordt de ontregeling vaak gezien als iets dat bij de stoornis hoort, en niet gekoppeld aan bijzondere ervaringen. De client zelf beschikt doorgaans over onvoldoende vaardigheden om te overzien dat zijn veranderde stemming/gedrag te maken heeft met een bepaalde gebeurtenis, en kan dit vervolgens doorgaans ook onvoldoende helder communiceren vanwege zijn beperkingen op dit gebied. Vanuit de literatuur is door diverse mensen aangegeven dat kinderen en jongeren met een stoornis in het autistisch spectrum een grotere kans hebben om getraumatiseerd te raken in verband met hun kwetsbaarheid en onvermogen om te communiceren. Dit geldt ook voor volwassenen met ASS en/of een verstandelijke beperking. PTSS wordt in deze beide groepen dan ook zelden onderkend. Wanneer PTSS wel onderkend wordt, is er nagenoeg niets geschreven over eventuele behandeling ervan bij de bovengenoemde doelgroepen. Als EMDR wordt toegepast bij mensen met een verstandelijke beperking wordt het protocol afgestemd op de ontwikkelingsleeftijd. Ook voor volwassenen met een VB wordt het protocol voor kinderen gebruikt. Als er dan nog stagnaties zijn in de EMDR behandeling is de kans groot dat er sprake is van comorbide problemen. ASS is zo'n veel voorkomende comorbide stoornis bij deze populatie: in ongeveer 50% van de gevallen gaat ASS samen gaat met een VB. In de workshop worden beelden getoond van verschillen tussen cliënten met ASS en cliënten met VB. Tevens wordt aandacht besteed aan het kiezen van de juiste afleidende stimulus bij cliënten met ASS. Daarnaast wordt een video getoond van een cliënt waar naar aanleiding van het verloop van de EMDR behandeling de diagnose wordt aangescherpt.

Recognizing PTSD in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), or an intellectual disability (VB) can be difficult. In ASD, but also in VB is the disruption often seen as something that belongs to the disorder, and not linked to specific experiences. The client will generally have insufficient skills to oversee his altered mood / behavior has to do with a certain event, and can then usually also lack clear communication because of its limitations in this area. From the literature by several people indicated that children and young people with autistic spectrum disorder are more likely to become traumatized because of their vulnerability and inability to communicate. This also applies to adults with ASD and / or intellectual disabilities. PTSD in these two groups therefore rarely recognized. When PTSD is recognized, there is almost nothing written about its possible treatment with the above target groups. If EMDR is used in people with intellectual disabilities is the protocol tailored to the developmental age. For adults with VB is the protocol used for children. If there are still blockages in the EMDR treatment is likely that there is comorbid problems. ASD is a common comorbid disorder in this population in about 50% of ASD cases coincides with a VB. In the workshop are shown images of differences between clients with ASD and clients with VB. Attention is also paid to choosing the right distracting stimulus in clients with ASD. In addition, a video display of a client, which as a result of the course of the treatment EMDR the diagnosis is tightened.

Keywords: Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder C-PTSD Complex PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

211. de Jongh, A., & ten Broeke, E. (2001, September). EMDR bij de behandeling van PTSS na verkrachting [EMDR treatment of PTSD following rape]. Directieve Therapie, 21(3), 229-245. doi:10.1007/BF03060260.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Dat verkrachting een ingrijpende gebeurtenis is, behoeft geen betoog. Niet zelden is een posttraumatische stressstoornis (PTSS) het gevolg. Behandeling is dan noodzakelijk. In dit artikel wordt beschreven hoe bij een dergelijke behandeling gebruik kan worden gemaakt van Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). Stapsgewijs wordt de EMDR-procedure beschreven, hetgeen wordt geïllustreerd aan de hand van een gevalsbeschrijving. Mede op grond van vergelijkbare ervaringen in de therapeutische praktijk, maar vooral op grond van de onderzoeksliteratuur, wordt EMDR naar voren geschoven als voorkeursbehandeling bij PTSS in het algemeen en PTSS ten gevolge van verkrachting in het bijzonder.

That rape is a traumatic event, is obvious. Quite often a post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) caused. Treatment is necessary. This article describes how such a treatment may be used for eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Gradually, the EMDR procedure described, which is illustrated by a case study. Partly based on similar experiences in the therapeutic practice, but especially under of the research literature, EMDR is put forward as the preferred treatment for PTSD in general and PTSD resulting from rape in particular.

Keywords: Case Report Females Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Survivors Young Adults

Accuracy Verified: Yes

212. ter Heide, J. J. (2010, April). EMDR bij getraumatiseerde asielzoekers en vluchtelingen: Wat is wijsheid? [EMDR with traumatized refugees and asylum seekers: What is wisdom?]. Presentatie Aan de Vierde congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Nijmegen, The Nederlands.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Inhoud: Sinds een aantal jaren schrijven de richtlijnen voor de behandeling van posttraumatische stress bij volwassenen, twee behandelingen voor: trauma-focused cognitieve gedragstherapie (TFCBT) en EMDR. Over de effectiviteit van deze behandelvormen bij asielzoekers en vluchtelingen bestaat in het veld nogal wat discussie. Asielzoekers en vluchtelingen zouden, door de complexiteit van hun traumatisering en van hun sociale omstandigheden, mogelijk niet goed in staat zijn tot "traumaverwerking" en meer baat hebben bij stabiliserende interventies. Naar de effectiviteit van TFCBT bij deze populatie zijn verschillende gerandomiseerde onderzoeken verricht. Over de effectiviteit van EMDR bij getraumatiseerde asielzoekers en vluchtelingen zijn tot nu toe geen gecontroleerde data bekend. In deze workshop wordt stilgestaan bij een aantal belangrijke aspecten van de behandeling met EMDR van getraumatiseerde asielzoekers en vluchtelingen. Werkvorm Er wordt informatie gegeven over de problematiek van deze doelgroep, en de mate waarin EMDR daar een oplossing voor biedt. Resultaten worden besproken van een pilot studie, waarin 20 getraumatiseerde asielzoekers en vluchtelingen behandeld werden met ofwel EMDR ofwel stabilisatie. Tevens worden twee casussen gepresenteerd van succesvolle en minder succesvolle EMDR bij een getraumatiseerde vluchteling. Discussie met de deelnemers wordt van harte verwelkomd, aangezien niemand nog de wijsheid in pacht heeft wat betreft de behandeling van deze doelgroep. Doel: Het doel van de workshop is de deelnemer te informeren over de problematiek van getraumatiseerde asielzoekers en vluchtelingen, en over de rol die EMDR zou kunnen spelen in de behandeling. Daarnaast is een doel het uitwisselen van ervaringen en meningen over de behandeling met EMDR van deze doelgroep.

Contents: For several years writing the guidelines for the treatment of posttraumatic stress in adults, two treatments: trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TFCBT) and EMDR. About the effectiveness of these treatment modalities for asylum seekers and refugees is in the field quite a lot. Asylum seekers and refugees would, by the complexity of their trauma and their social circumstances, may not be able to "trauma" and would certainly be stabilizing interventions. The effectiveness of TFCBT in this population, several randomized studies. About the effectiveness of EMDR with traumatized asylum seekers and refugees have so far been no controlled data are known. In this workshop looks at some important aspects of the EMDR treatment of traumatized asylum seekers and refugees. Form Information is given about the problems of this target group, and the degree of EMDR as a solution to offer. Results are discussed from a pilot study in which 20 asylum seekers and refugees traumatized treated with either EMDR or stabilization. It also presented two case studies of successful and less successful EMDR in a traumatized refugees. Discussion with the participants is highly welcomed, since no one has a monopoly of wisdom regarding the treatment of this group. Purpose: The aim of the workshop is to inform participants about the problems of traumatized asylum seekers and refugees, and the role that EMDR might play in treatment. It is also an aim of exchanging experiences and views on the EMDR treatment of this group.

Keywords: Asylum Seekers Refugees

Accuracy Verified: Yes

213. ter Heide, J. J. (2011, August). EMDR bij getraumatiseerde vluchtelingen [EMDR with traumatized refugees]. Psychologie & Gezondheid, 39(3), 180-185. doi:10.1007/s12483-011-0036-2.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
While EMDR is treatment of choice for traumatized adults with PTSS, its efficacy has not been validated with traumatized refugees. As long as no evidence is available for EMDR with this population, EMDR with refugees should be informed by theoretical approaches to treatment of PTSS in adults. Four approaches are discussed: the phased approach that advocates stabilization before EMDR; the multimodal approach that advocates combining EMDR with other interventions; the trauma-focused approach that advocates offering EMDR to all adults with PTSS, including refugees and, the transcultural approach that advocates a culturally sensitive administration of EMDR. Several pilot studies on EMDR with traumatized refugees, randomized controlled trials of EMDR with multiply traumatized populations, and a trial of EMDR in a non-western setting may further inform EMDR-therapists working with traumatized refugees. Suggestions are made for combining the four approaches and scientific evidence in treatment planning and execution of EMDR with this population. The EMDR protocol itself prescribes several interventions for treating multiply traumatized patients, such as resource development and installation, clustering of traumatic experiences, and cognitive interweaves. Additionally, culturally sensitive interventions may enable the refugee to actively partake in the treatment process by increasing motivation for trauma processing, by diminishing language barriers, and by facilitating the formulation of culturally congruent meanings to trauma. The question remains whether EMDR, which offers an individualistic approach to trauma, is sufficiently suited to address the collective traumatization of victims of war and organized violence.

Keywords: Refugees Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

214. Veenstra, A. C. (2006, Oktober). EMDR bij hardnekkige enuresis nocturna in de adolescentiefase [EMDR with persistent nocturnal enuresis in adolescence]. Tijdschrift voor Kinder- & Jeugdpsychotherapie, 33(3), 39-53.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Er zijn diverse behandelmogelijkheden beschreven voor kinderen met enuresis nocturna (Azrin, 1974; van Londen, 1984; Hira Sing, 2004; Richtlijn Enuresis van de PAZ; NHG standaard Enuresis Nocturna). Ondanks deze behandelmogelijkheden is er een groep kinderen die tot in de adolescentiefase kampt met een zeer hardnekkige vorm van primaire enuresis nocturna. Epidemiologisch onderzoek wijst op een prevalentie van enuresis nocturna bij adolescenten van 1.2% (Nappo, 2002; Chiozza, 1998). De behandeling van deze groep wordt belemmerd door een fors gedaalde motivatie voor behandeling zowel als gevolg van de vele faalervaringen met eerdere behandelpogingen, als door een toegenomen negatief zelfbeeld en gebrek aan zelfvertrouwen. Dit artikel laat zien hoe EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) op experimentele basis werd gebruikt bij enkele adolescenten met zeer hardnekkige enuresis nocturna. Het traumatiserende effect van langdurende enuresis nocturna wordt omschreven. Met een casus wordt geïllustreerd hoe EMDR wordt ingevlochten in de gedragstherapeutische behandeling. Ten slotte worden de bevindingen beschreven bij de adolescenten waar inmiddels ervaring mee is opgedaan.

There are several treatment choices for children with enuresis nocturnal (Azrin, 1974, London, 1984, Hira Sing, 2004, Directive Enuresis the PAZ, NHG standard nocturnal enuresis). Despite these treatment options, there is a group of children into adolescence faced with a very stubborn form of primary nocturnal enuresis. Epidemiological research indicates a prevalence of nocturnal enuresis in 1.2% of adolescents (Nappo, 2002; Chiozza, 1998). The treatment of This group is hindered by a sharp fall in motivation treatment both because of the many failures of previous experiences treatment attempts, and by an increased self-esteem and lack of confidence. This article shows how EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) was used on an experimental basis in some adolescents very persistent nocturnal enuresis. The traumatic effects of long-term nocturnal enuresis is defined. With a case is illustrate how EMDR is interwoven in the behavioral treatment. Finally, the findings described in adolescents now that experience has been acquired.

Keywords: Children Enuresis

Accuracy Verified: Yes

215. de Roos, C., & Beer, R. (2003). EMDR bij kinderen en adolescenten: De klinische praktijk [EMDR in children and adolescents: The clinical practice]. Kind en Adolescent Praktijk, 2(1), 12-18.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Om ontwikkelingsachterstanden en chronische psychopathologie te voorkomen zijn voor kinderen die lijden onder de gevolgen van traumatische ervaringen, effectieve behandelmogelijkheden van groot belang (Chemtob, Nakashima & Carlson, 2002). EMDR – Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing – blijkt hierbij goede diensten te bewijzen. In dit artikel worden de procedure en de diverse aanpassingen beschreven die nodig zijn voor de toepassing van EMDR bij kinderen en adolescenten. Toepassing bij kinderen vraagt om een benadering die is afgestemd op het ontwikkelingsniveau van het kind, hetgeen vooral tot uiting komt in de attitude van de therapeut en technische aanpassingen in het protocol. Gepleit wordt voor meer aandacht in diverse opleidingen voor het kunnen herkennen van posttraumatische stressreacties en adequate doorverwijzing voor behandeling.

To developmental psychopathology and chronic prevention for children who suffer the consequences of traumatic experiences, effective treatment options are very important (Chemtob, Nakashima & Carlson, 2002). EMDR - eye movement desensitization and reprocessing - shows provide good service to prove. This article discusses the process and described various modifications required for the application of EMDR in children and adolescents. Application in children requires an approach tailored to the developmental level of the child, which is particularly reflected in the attitude of the therapist and technical changes to the protocol. Calling for more attention in various courses for the recognition of posttraumatic stress reactions and appropriate referral for treatment.

Keywords: Adolescents Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

216. van den Berg, D., & Staring, T. (2011, April). EMDR bij patiënten met psychosen, wie durft? [EMDR in patients with psychosis, who dares?]. Presentatie op de 5e jaarlijkse conferentie van EMDR Vereniging.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Patiënten met psychosen hebben vaak ernstige trauma’s meegemaakt. PTSS is bij hen een van de meest voorkomende co-morbide stoornissen. De meeste therapeuten hanteren een psychotische stoornis echter als contra-indicatie voor EMDR. Tijdens deze presentatie tonen wij dat EMDR ondanks psychotische problematiek gewoon kan worden toegepast en dat dit slechts minimale aanpassingen vergt. Wij zetten daarna uiteen wat de verschillende toepassingsgebieden bij deze doelgroep zijn. EMDR kan namelijk niet alleen veilig en effectief toegepast worden bij psychosen met co-morbide PTSS, het kan ook een belangrijke rol hebben binnen CGT bij stemmen en wanen. Traumatische (leer)ervaringen zijn immers vaak betrokken bij het ontstaan van wanen en hallucinaties. Daarnaast liet recent onderzoek zien dat niet alleen retrospectieve targets behandeld kunnen worden met EMDR, maar ook situaties in de toekomst, de zogenoemde ‘flash forwards’. Dit is nuttig voor patiënten die herhaaldelijk geconfronteerd worden met stemmen of met situaties waarin paranoide gedachten worden getriggerd. Videomateriaal wordt getoond om de presentatie te ondersteunen. Tot slot is er aandacht voor obstakels in de toepassing van EMDR bij deze doelgroep. Aan het einde is er ruimte voor vragen en discussie.

Patients with psychoses often experienced severe trauma. PTSD is with them one of the most common co-morbid disorders. Most therapists use a psychotic disorder but as a contraindication to EMDR. During this presentation we demonstrate that EMDR despite psychotic problems can easily be applied and that it requires only minimal adjustments. We then set out what the different application of this target group. EMDR can not safely and effectively used in psychoses with co-morbid PTSD, it can also have an important role in CBT for voices and delusions. Traumatic (learning) experiences are often involved in the pathogenesis of delusions and hallucinations. In addition, recent studies showed that not only retrospective targets can be treated with EMDR, but also situations in the future, called "flash forwards". This is useful for patients who are repeatedly confronted with situations in which voices or paranoid thoughts are triggered. Video material is shown to support the presentation. Finally, consideration of obstacles in the application of EMDR with that audience. At the end there is room for questions and discussion.

Keywords: Pyschosis

Accuracy Verified: Yes

217. de Roos, C., & Went, M. (2010, April). EMDR bij preverbaal trauma [EMDR for trauma, preverbal]. Presentatie aan de vierde congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Nijmegen, The Nederlands.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Hoe kan je preverbaal trauma verwerken, zodat er ruimte ontstaat voor herstel, inhalen en voortgang van de ontwikkeling?
Ook infants (0-4 jarigen) kunnen allerlei traumatische gebeurtenis(sen) in de eerste levensjaren meemaken zoals intrusieve medische handelingen, seksueel misbruik en andere vormen van mishandeling. Herinneringen aan deze gebeurtenissen zijn preverbaal en niet op bewust nivo toegankelijk. Bij deze jonge kinderen is het dan ook moeilijk te zien in hoeverre er sprake is van traumatisering. Door hun beperkte cognitieve ontwikkeling is verbale communicatie over ingrijpende gebeurtenissen niet of beperkt mogelijk. Soms zie je na enige tijd gedragsveranderingen bij dagelijkse handelingen die eerder geen probleem vormden (verzet bij verschonen, bij tandenpoetsen e.d.). Dit gedrag kan echter ook gekoppeld zijn aan de ontwikkelingsfase. Het diagnostisch beeld wordt duidelijker wanneer gedragsveranderingen (verzet, verdriet maar ook submissie!) zich voordoen bij soortgelijke traumatische ervaringen zoals nieuwe medische behandelingen. De link naar de onverwerkte traumatische gebeurtenis(sen) ligt dan voor de hand. De ouder kan soms uit angst of schuldgevoel over de ingrijpende gebeurtenis(sen) niet goed meer als steunfiguur en opvoeder optreden. Door een klachtbestendigend interactiepatroon kunnen gedragsproblemen van het kind zelfs verergeren. De omgeving gaat denken aan ADHD of ASS... Aan de hand van casuïstiek van infants bij wie sprake is van traumatisering worden de aanpassingen aan het EMDR protocol getoond bij de behandeling van 0 tot 4 jarigen. Pas na de verwerking van de traumatische herinneringen wordt echt duidelijk wat de invloed is geweest op het verloop van de ontwikkeling van het kind, zoals een sociaal emotionele achterstand, vertraagde spelontwikkeling etc. Er komt ruimte voor herstel, inhalen en voortzetten van de ontwikkeling. Zo nodig wordt een EMDR traject voor ouders ingezet om de behandeling af te maken. Vorm In de presentatie worden theorie en praktijk gecombineerd. Videobeelden ondersteunen het verhaal.

How do you handle preverbal trauma, so there room for rehabilitation, catch up and progress of the development? Even infants (0-4 year olds) can all traumatic event(s) in the first years of life experience as intrusive medical procedures, sexual abuse, and other forms of abuse. Preverbal memories of these events, not consciously accessible level. In these young children it is therefore difficult to see how there is trauma. Because of their limited cognitive development, verbal communication on major events is not possible or limited. Sometimes you see after a while behavioral changes in daily operations which were previously not a problem (resistance to changing, with teeth, etc.). This behavior can also be linked to the development. The diagnostic picture becomes clearer when behavioral change (resistance, but also sadness Submission!) arise from similar traumatic experiences such as new medical treatments. The link to the unprocessed traumatic event (s) is then obvious. The parent can sometimes out of fear or guilt about the traumatic event(s) not functioning properly to support action figure and educator. By klachtbestendigend interaction pattern may even worsen the child's behavior. The environment is reminiscent of ADHD or ASD ... Based on case reports of infants with trauma,0 to 4 years old treated with the EMDR protocol show changes only after the processing of traumatic memories is really clear that the impact has been on the course of the development of the child as a social-emotional retardation, slow game development etc. There is room for recovery, overtaking and continued development. If necessary, an EMDR process for parents is used to finish the treatment. Form In the presentation combining theory and practice. Video images support the story.

Keywords: Prevebral Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

218. Merckelbach, H., & Muris, P. (1995). EMDR bij spinnenfobie: Twee gevalsbeschrijvingen [EMDR with spider phobia: Two case reports]. Directieve Therapie, 15(2), 64-70. doi:10.1007/BF03060109.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Nogal wat auteurs geven hoog op van de effecten die met Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) te behalen zijn bij de behandeling van angststoornissen. Voor een aanzienlijk deel steunen deze loftuigingen op dubieuze casuïstiek, dat wil zeggen casuïstiek waarin de werking van EMDR wordt gedocumenteerd aan de hand van subjectieve en ongevalideerde uitkomstmaten. Dit artikel beschrijft twee spinnenfobische gevallen waarbij eerst EMDR en vervolgens exposure in vivo werd uitgevoerd. Behandelingseffecten werden geëvalueerd met zowel subjectieve als objectieve maten. De resultaten laten zien dat de gunstige effecten van EMDR zich vooral afspelen op het niveau van de subjectief gerapporteerde angst en veel minder spectaculair zijn wanneer het gaat om vermijdingsgedrag. Deze observatie stelt die EMDR–critici in het gelijk die beweren dat positieve zelfrapportage–maten na EMDR niet noodzakelijkerwijze hand in hand gaan met vergelijkbare gedragseffecten.

Quite a few authors give high on the effects of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) can be achieved in the treatment of anxiety disorders. For a significant part in supporting these loftuigingen dubious casuistry, ie case studies where the effect of EMDR is documented by means of subjective and non-validated outcome measures. This article describes two cases where spinnenfobische first EMDR and exposure in vivo was then performed. Treatment effects were evaluated with both subjective and objective measures. The results show that the beneficial effects of EMDR mainly play at the level of subjectively reported anxiety and much less spectacular when it comes to avoidance. This observation suggests that EMDR critics were right who claim that positive self-report measures after EMDR does not necessarily go hand in hand with similar behavioral effects.

Keywords: Case Study Spider Phobia

Accuracy Verified: Yes

219. Withers, D. (2000, December). EMDR bilateral movement groups for children with ADHD. EMDRIA Newsletter, 5(Special Edition), 11-13.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Using EMDR to treat children diagnosed with ADHD is challenging on many levels. Differentiating the effects of trauma versus pure ADHD or other diagnoses such as OCD, learning disabilities, and even autism is difficult at best because these symptoms could be present as the result of early trauma (Tinker, 1999). These experiences include birth trauma, illness, medical procedures and surgery as well as abuse or neglect (Becker, 2000). These children may be unintentionally further traumatized on a daily basis by parents, teachers, coaches and peers for missing social cues, being impulsive and disruptive and no paying attention or cooperating. They may not easily engage in therapy and tend to avoid new situations due to past failures and harbor negative views of themselves because of their belief that they somehow need to be “fixed.” These response could also be due to attachment disorders or to a “poor match” between temperament of parent and child (Bowlby, 1973).

Keywords: ADHD Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

220. Leeds, A. (2011, August). EMDR Case Conceptualization and Treatment Planning: How AIP leads to divergent strategies in different cases. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Orange County, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Many clinicians seek guidance with case formulation and predicting responses to EMDR reprocessing. This presentation integrates the AIP Model with adult attachment classification. Case examples illustrate clinical strategies for assessing attachment classification as a foundation for case formulation. This presentation proposes a symptom informed approach for cases with an Axis I focus – PTSD, depression, specific phobias and panic – from parallel models of de Jongh (2010), Korn (2004) and Leeds (2004, 2009). Criteria from Korn (2004, 2009), Leeds (2009) and Hofmann (2004, 2005) indicate when to consider containing and deferring reprocessing early life experiences in complex cases – personality disorders and complex PTSD.

Keywords: Adult Attachment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

221. McDonald, H. (2010, March). EMDR chronic pain protocol. Presentation at the 8th EMDR Association UK & Ireland Annual Conference & AGM, Dublin, Ireland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Persistent pain is common in people who have experienced trauma; and persistent pain also leads to trauma responses. This workshop will focus on using the Pain Protocol (Grant and Threlfo, 2002), using a practical approach to clinical work with clients. The pain protocol is based on the Adaptive Information Processing model, (Shapiro 1995), and takes into account the overlap between the experience of pain and traumatic experiences. It is expected that participants not necessarily have experience of working specifically on pain using EMDR with clients. An increasing body of evidence suggests that using the EMDR Pain Protocol can be effective in three main ways: • Reducing the experience of pain; • Targeting pain memories and • Overcoming the impact of pain on the individual. The application of the protocol assumes that it is possible to influence neurological pathways involved in maintaining persistent pain messages. The workshop will include a brief overview of research evidence and current clinical experience, and will primarily focus on practical applications. This will include working with imagery in specific ways relevant to working with people in pain; and discussion of case examples. At the end of the workshop, it is hoped that participants have increased confidence in working with people who have pain; having practiced elements of the protocol and discussed their implications for clinical practice.

Keywords: Chronic Pain Protocol

Accuracy Verified: Yes

222. Manfield, P. (2010, June). EMDR clinical skills: Dyadic resourcing. Keynote presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop introduces 'dyadic resourcing,' a form of resourcing designed to facilitate the processing of very early trauma with severely deprived clients, including those with attachment disorders. The goal of this process is to help a client connect affectively to the experience of being in a nurturing relationship Through this process clients experience both roles, the role of the adult who loves them and the role of the child who is lovable and loved. These roles become increasingly real to them and clients come away with access to a loving non-judgmental view of themselves as a child. Clients whose original trauma was a result of or exacerbated by a lack of a strong connection to a nurturing caregiver will benefit from a variety of resources, but the resource that is essential is access to a secure internal nurturing relationship, which this process provides. This procedure is particularly useful for clients who think they were bad or worthless as children, who think the abuse or neglect they suffered chronically was deserved, who are overwhelmed by the intensity of their pain from early childhood experiences, or who cannot view their child selves in an accepting nurturing way. In other words, this type of resourcing is ideal for some of the most difficult EMDR clients, and helps to prepare them for trauma processing. Once developed, these resources allow the EMDR clinician to utilize cognitive interweaves in which the adult client is able to support the child self. Dyadic resourcing is typically a five step process: identifying a nurturing adult resource, make the resource real for the client, formulating a parent-child relationship involving the resource, intensify the client's experience of that relationship, and helping the client to have the experience of both the child and adult in the resource dyad. This workshop will address each of these steps, covering the basic principles and processes central to this form of resourcing. The process will be illustrated using clinical videos, transcripts, and a live demonstration. Techniques borrowed from Eidetic Psychotherapy, Neuro-Linguistic Programming, Gestalt Therapy, hypnotic phrasing and other disciplines will be addressed Links to free downloadable explanatory material from the presenter's book. EMDR Clinical Skills: Case Conceptualization and Dyadic re^ sourcing will be offered for those interested in sharpening their skills in this useful resourcing approach. Learning objectives: Participants will be able to - Explain why cognitive Interweaves are often not helpful to clients with attachment disorders -List 15 possible sources of resource figures - List 8 techniques that can be used to help a client feel more intensely connected to a resource. - Describe 4 indications that clients are NOT assuming an outside observer role and are instead overly identifying with their child selves.

Keywords: Dyadic Resourcing Keynote

Accuracy Verified: Yes

223. Sterpone, R., & Paiuzzi, E. (2008, Novembre). EMDR come momento di ulteriore integrazione professionale tra differenti operatori di cura di un ospedale infantile [EMDR as a moment of further integration between vocational different operators care children's hospital]. Presentazione Le applicazioni cliniche del EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
La presentazione si propone di “raccontare” come l’EMDR sia diventata, in un ospedale infantile, strumento di ulteriore integrazione professionale tra i differenti operatori di cura. L’EMDR viene utilizzata, infatti, non solo con bambini e adolescenti che giungono nella Struttura Operativa di Psicologia, ma viene richiesta dai medici dei vari reparti per i pazienti, ed eventualmente per i loro familiari, ricoverati in seguito ad esposizione ad eventi critici. L’intervento con EMDR viene, inoltre, effettuato con alcuni genitori i cui figli sono ricoverati in merito a malattie gravi o croniche. Gli stessi operatori di cura, in seguito ad eventi potenzialmente traumatici in ambito lavorativo, vengono aiutati con gruppi di debriefing, e, se necessario, con l’EMDR per riprocessare situazioni dolorose, ritrovare benessere e funzionalità lavorativa. Operatori di cura differenti, sistemi conoscitivi$differenti, ma insieme… insieme per cocostruire con il paziente e la sua famiglia una nuova narrativa ed aiutarli ad attribuire nuovi significati ad esperienze dolorose o fallimentari.

The presentation aims to "tell" how EMDR has become, in a children's hospital, tool for further integration between the different operators of professional care. EMDR is used, in fact, not only with children and adolescents who come in the Structure Works on psychology, but is required by doctors of various departments for patients, and possibly for their families, hospitalized after exposure to critical events. Intervention with EMDR is also made with some parents whose children are hospitalized on serious or chronic illnesses. Operators themselves to care, in the aftermath of potentially traumatic in employment, are helped with groups of debriefing, and, if necessary, with EMDR for reprocess painful situations, to find wellness and functionality work. Operators care ifferent cognitive systems different, but together ... together with the patient and cocostruire its family a new narrative and help to give new meaning to experiences painful or unsuccessful.

Keywords: Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

224. Grégoire, P. A. (2010, Avril/Mai). EMDR dans les cas de deuil et de dépression [EMDR in bereavement and depression]. Atelier présenté à la réunion annuelle de l'EMDR Canada, Toronto, Ontario.

Language: French

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Le deuil et la dépression sont des expériences de vie qui présentent un défi pour les mécanismes d’adaptation et remettent en question les états d’équilibre déjà établis. Les liens qui deviennent de plus en plus évidents entre ces états expérientiels et la présence de mécanismes défectueux de traitement de l’information soulignent l’importance d’offrir des services psychothérapeutiques, telle l’approche EMDR qui tient compte de ces besoins et de ces processus spécifiques. Notre présentation veut souligner : 1) l’importance des protocoles et des principes de base de l’approche EMDR comme modèle d’intégration des processus de psychothérapie 2) les recherches qui explorent les mécanismes dysfonctionnels des réseaux de mémoire impliqués lors du travail du deuil et 3) les applications de protocoles spécifiques EMDR pour les diverses étapes du deuil. La partie expérientielle de cette présentation explorera certains des facteurs adaptatifs permettant le renouvellement de cet équilibre perdu et la consolidation de mécanismes reliés à la résilience. (Tous les niveaux)

Grief and depression are life experiences that are challenging for coping and challenge the already established equilibrium states. The links are becoming increasingly evident between these experiential states and the presence of defective mechanisms of information processing emphasize the importance of providing psychotherapeutic services, such as the EMDR approach that addresses these needs and these specific processes. Our presentation will highlight: 1) the importance of protocols and basic principles of the EMDR approach as a model for the integration of psychotherapy process 2) research that explores the dysfunctional mechanisms of memory networks involved in the work of mourning and 3) applications of EMDR protocols specific for the various stages of grief. The experiential part of this presentation will explore some of the factors adaptive to the renewal of this lost balance and strengthening mechanisms associated with resilience. (All levels)

Keywords: Bereavement Depression: Grief

Accuracy Verified: Yes

225. Wirtz, U. (1997). EMDR das neue prozac der traumatherapie? Kontroverse um eine neue methode zur behandlung traumatischer störungen [EMDR treatment of trauma, the new Prozac? Controversy over a new method for the treatment of traumatic disorders]. U. Wirtz: in: Intra, Psychologie und Gesellschaft.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Mit EMDR -Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing-(Augenbewegung, Desensitivierung und Neuverarbeitung traumatischer Erfahrungen) ist in den letzten Jahren in USA eine vielgepriesene, aber auch scharf kritisierte Behandlungsmethode für posttraumatische Belastungsstörungen ins Zentrum heftiger ideologischer Debatten gerückt.

With EMDR-Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (eye movement, Desensitization and reprocessing of traumatic experiences) is in the past Years in the U.S. a much-praised, but also sharply criticized the method of treatment for post traumatic stress disorder at the center fierce ideological debates moved.

Keywords: Prozac

Accuracy Verified: No

226. Nicolais, G. (2011, Settembre). EMDR e attaccamento [EMDR and attachment]. Presentazione al Congresso EMDR Nazionale "Trauma e relazione,” Roma, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Secondo Bowlby, le esperienze precoci del bambino con le proprie figure di attaccamento determinano rappresentazioni mentali - denominate Modelli Operativi Interni della relazione - che regolano aspetti centrali dello sviluppo come la regolazione degli affetti e la fiducia interpersonale. Analogamente, il modello AIP di Shapiro ipotizza l’effetto di esperienze precoci sullo sviluppo futuro del bambino. Ricordi di eventi particolarmente stressanti o traumatici tendono ad essere immagazzinati in modo disfunzionale nel cervello in uno stato non metabolizzato, sotto forma di “network mnestici” contenenti costellazioni di percezioni, aspettative negative, affetti e sensazioni corporee che possono essere riferite all’esperienza di caregiving. In situazioni infantili all’interno di accudimento particolarmente disfunzionali, il modello di attaccamento sviluppato dal bambino conterrà quindi network mnestici caratterizzati dall’esperienza del rifiuto e/o del maltrattamento. Il modello AIP prefigura perciò interventi, realizzati attraverso l’approccio dell’EMDR, che agiscono in senso trasformativo sulle peculiarità dei Modelli Operativi Interni della relazione. Le implicazioni di tale premessa sono l’oggetto della relazione presentata.

According to Bowlby, the child's early experiences with attachment figures determine their mental representations - called internal working models of the report - that regulate key aspects of development such as affect regulation and interpersonal trust. Similarly, the model AIP Shapiro assumed the effect of early experience on the future development of the child. Memories of traumatic or stressful events tend to be stored in a dysfunctional brain in a non-metabolized form of "network mnemonic" containing clusters of perceptions, expectations, negative emotions and bodily sensations that may be related to the experience of caregiving . In situations in caregiving particularly dysfunctional childhood, the attachment model developed by the child will then contain mnemonic networks characterized by the experience of rejection and / or mistreatment. The model therefore anticipates AIP intervention, achieved through the approach of EMDR, which act in the sense of transformation on the peculiarities of the internal working models of the relationship. The implications of this premise are the subject of the report.

Keywords: Attachment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

227. Arnone, R., Orrico, A., D'Aquino, G., & Di Munzio, W. (2012, March-April). EMDR e terapia psicofarmacologica nel trattamento del disturbo da stress post-traumatico [EMDR and psychopharmacological therapy in the treatment of the post-traumatic stress disorder]. Rivista di Psichiatria, 47(Supplement 1), 8-11. doi:10.1708/1071.11732 .

Language: Italian

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Questo studio si propone di valutare l’efficacia di due diversi trattamenti nella cura del disturbo da stress post-traumatico (PTSD): la terapia psicofarmacologica, attraverso l’utilizzo di serotoninergici, e l’EMDR. Metodo. Sono stati utilizzati due gruppi indipendenti ai quali venivano somministrati due trattamenti differenti: il trattamento con sertralina per il gruppo assegnato alla terapia psicofarmacologica; il trattamento con sedute monosettimanali di EMDR per l’altro gruppo. Per la valutazione dei sintomi del PTSD è stata utilizzata la Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS). L’assegnazione dei soggetti ai due gruppi è stata randomizzata. Risultati. I risultati confermano precedenti studi riportati in letteratura, evidenziando l’efficacia sia dell’EMDR sia della sertralina nel migliorare la sintomatologia post-traumatica e i livelli di sofferenza soggettiva. Tuttavia il numero di soggetti che al termine della condizione sperimentale non rientrava più nei criteri diagnostici del PTSD è risultato nettamente superiore nel gruppo trattato con EMDR. Conclusioni. Data la differenza nei due gruppi, a favore di quello trattato con EMDR, del numero di soggetti che possono essere considerati responder e che, come tali, non soddisfano più i criteri del PTSD al termine della condizione sperimentale, possiamo affermare che l’ipotesi per cui l’EMDR è un trattamento più efficace rispetto al trattamento psicofarmacologico è stata confermata. Questo dato potrebbe stimolare ricerche future con campioni più numerosi che indaghino anche l’efficacia a lungo termine.

This study evaluates the efficacy of two different treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): the psychopharmacological therapy, with a SSRI drug, and EMDR. Method. Two indipendent groups have been administered two different treatments: the treatment with sertraline to the group for psychopharmacological therapy; the treatment with one-week sessions of EMDR to the other group. For the evaluation of the symptoms of PTSD has been used the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS). The inclusion of the subjects in the two groups has been absolutely random. Results. The results confirm previous studies available in literature, pointing out the efficacy of EMDR and of sertraline in improving the post-traumatic symptomatology and the levels of subjective sufference. But the number of subjects which at the end of the study didn't satisfy any more the criteria for PTSD has been absolutely greater in the group treated with EMDR. Conclusions. The study confirms the hypothesis of EMDR as a more efficacious treatment for PTSD compared to psychopharmacological therapy. This result could be a stimolous for further research with greater groups to investigate also the long term efficacy.

Keywords: CAPS Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale Efficiacy PTSD, Sertraline

Accuracy Verified: Yes

228. Faretta, E. (2008, Novembre). EMDR e trattamento del disturbo di panico: Un protocollo specifico integrato [EMDR and the treatment of panic disorder: a specific protocol integrated]. Presentazione le Applicazioni Cliniche del EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Nell’ambito degli studi sulle possibilità terapeutiche offerte dall’impiego dell’EMDR in diverse patologie si sono evidenziate delle prospettive interessanti in relazione agli interventi sui disturbi di panico, in grado di fornire una possibilità di lavoro terapeutico globale e completo focalizzato non solo sulla condizione presente e quindi sulla gestione degli attacchi di panico, ma anche sulla comprensione dinamica di tale disturbo. Facendo riferimento alla letteratura e ai resoconti che hanno supportato l’efficacia del-l’EMDR per il trattamento del Disturbo d’Attacchi di Panico (Feske & Goldstein, 1997; Goldstein & Feske, 1994; Nadler, 1996; Shapiro & Forrest, 1997) e dalla analisi ed applicazione del protocollo Whisman, è stato messo a punto, attraverso la personale pratica clinica, un preciso protocollo integrato per il trattamento del disturbo di panico secondo l’approccio EMDR. Facendo riferimento a questi studi, l’ipotesi di intervento dalla quale sono partita è quella che si basa sulla considerazione che l’attacco di panico può rappresentare un evento traumatico di per sé e che quindi il lavoro clinico proposto, seguendo l’approccio EMDR, risulta efficace per desensibilizzare e rielaborare convinzioni, comportamenti, emozioni e sensazioni corporee legate alla paura fino a farle rientrare all’interno di un sistema di convinzioni più gestibile, in modo da permettere al paziente di affrontare le situazioni precedentemente temute e quindi evitate. In questo workshop vengono presentate le modalità di applicazione nel disturbo panico in relazione alle 8 fasi di lavoro dell’approccio EMDR, facendo riferimento ai casi clinici e quindi ad esperienze pratiche derivanti dal personale lavoro terapeutico. Da qui vengono fornite le linee per la strutturazione dello specifico piano di trattamento, secondo un protocollo di lavoro, appositamente elaborato, che conduce, passo dopo passo, all’applicazione del progetto terapeutico Il protocollo di lavoro presentato si focalizza sulla rielaborazione degli attacchi di panico e quindi sulla gestione della sintomatologia caratteristica di questo disturbo. Fornisce, inoltre, indicazioni per effettuare un’attenta anamnesi, che permetta al terapeuta di predisporre un adeguato piano di individuazione e di rielaborazione dei fattori precipitanti e delle esperienze traumatiche pregresse della storia personale del paziente sin dall’infanzia, che possono costituire la base emotiva sulla quale può instaurarsi, in particolari circostanze, la sintomatologia del DAP. Si tratta di eventi stressanti o traumatici del passato sui quali risulta indispensabile un lavoro di rielaborazione al fine di far emergere possibili capacità e comportamenti adattivi per realizzare azioni future adeguate.

As part of studies into the therapeutic possibilities offered by EMDR in various diseases appear to be any interesting perspectives in relation to work on problems panic, unable to provide an opportunity for therapeutic work focused global and comprehensive not only on the present condition and therefore on the management of panic attacks, but also on dynamic understanding of the disorder. Referring to the literature and the reports that have supported the efficacy of on-l'EMDR the treatment of Panic Disorder (FESK & Goldstein, 1997; FESK & Goldstein, 1994; Nadler, 1996, Shapiro & Forrest, 1997) and the analysis and application of the protocol Whisman, was developed through personal clinical practice, a precise protocol integrated treatment of panic disorder according to the EMDR approach. Referring to these studies, the possibility of intervention from which game is the one based on the consideration that the panic attack can be a traumatic event in itself and therefore the clinical work proposed, following the approach EMDR, is effective for desensitize and reprocess beliefs, behaviors, emotions and body sensations associated fear until they fall within a belief system more manageable, so allow the patient to deal with situations previously feared and avoided. In this workshop presents the detailed rules in panic disorder report at 8 phases of EMDR work of the approach, referring to clinical cases and then practical experiences arising from personal therapeutic work. From here, we provide the guidelines for the structuring of a specific treatment, according a working protocol, specially developed, which leads, step by step, application therapeutic project the protocol of work presented focuses on the recasting of panic attacks and then the management of symptoms characteristic of this disorder. Also provides instructions for making a careful medical history, which allows the therapist to prepare an adequate plan for the identification and revision of precipitating factors and past traumatic experiences of the patient's personal history from childhood, which may form the emotional basis on which it can establish, in certain circumstances, symptoms of CAD. It is stressful or traumatic events of the past on which it is essential work of reworking in order to identify possible skills and adaptive behaviors to achieve appropriate future action.

Keywords: Panic Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

229. Tonetti, F. (2008, Novembre). EMDR e trauma complesso in adolescente [EMDR and trauma in adolescents complex]. Presentazione Le applicazioni cliniche del EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
N. è stata portata in Italia a 14 anni con l’illusione di lavorare come baby sitter, finisce invece vittima dello sfruttamento sessuale organizzato e per circa un anno subisce violenze sessuali, fisiche e psicologiche. Con forza e coraggio notevoli, riesce a fuggire, nuda, da un’auto dove stava subendo l’ennesima violenza. Ha gravi lesioni sul corpo, viene soccorsa e portata in ospedale, dove decide di denunciare i suoi vittimizzatori. Il caso finisce alla Procura del Tribunale per i Minorenni e N. viene collocata, sotto falso nome, in una comunità. Il mio primo contatto con la ragazza avviene quando ha 16 anni ed è in comunità da cinque mesi. Presenta ancora i sintomi invadenti del PTSD: flashback, incubi, panico, pensieri ossessivi, isolamento, distacco emotivo che a volte la fa apparire molto calma, sovreccitazione. Non sa controllare gli impulsi e regolare le emozioni: passa dalla rabbia, che sfoga picchiando pugni contro il muro fino a ferirsi o spaccando tutto ciò che le capita sotto mano, alla eccitazione, alla depressione con sentimenti di inutilità a vivere, di colpa e di vergogna (sintomi di PTSD Complesso). Propongo e spiego da subito l’EMDR ritenendo che sia l’unico approccio terapeutico utile; stabiliamo piano terapeutico e N. esprime il suo consenso al trattamento. Particolare attenzione, data la problematicità, alla fase di preparazione e stabilizzazione. Nell’anamnesi emerge primo trauma a 10 anni, prima ricorda di essersi sentita amata e protetta. Rafforzo queste esperienze positive che diventano risorse in suo possesso. Fondamentale si rivela la psicoeducazione sui disturbi: N. accoglie con sollievo l’idea che non è “pazza” o “indemoniata” ma solo traumatizzata. Immaginiamo comportamenti alternativi per esprimere le emozioni e strategie di coping. Posto al Sicuro: servono due sedute per stabilizzare e installare il posto al sicuro. Il protocollo EMDR sarà applicato fedelmente nelle sue fasi; i target del passato affrontati in ordine cronologico. N. è sempre partita da 1 nella scala VoC e da 10 nella SUD; ha concluso tutte le sedute con SUD: 0 e VoC: 6 /7. Ha avuto abreazioni e una volta ha chiesto di fermarsi: la NC era”sto per morire”. Sono stati raggiunti, dopo 10 mesi di terapia, gli obiettivi del piano terapeutico: la sintomatologia post-traumatica si è risolta dopo otto sedute.

No was taken to Italy 14 years with the illusion of working as a babysitter, instead ends up a victim of sexual exploitation and organized for about a year suffer sexual violence, physical and psychological. With remarkable courage and strength, manages to escape, naked, from where a car was undergoing yet another violence. He has serious injuries on the body, is rescued and taken to hospital, where he decides to denounce his victimization. The event ends at the General Prosecutor of the Juvenile Court and N. is placed under a false name, in a community. My first contact with the girl when she is 16 years and is shared by five months. Still has the intrusive symptoms of PTSD: flashbacks, nightmares, panic, obsessive thoughts, isolation, emotional detachment that sometimes makes it appear very calm, excitement. Can not control impulses and regulate emotions: anger passes, which unleashed banging his fists against the wall until injury or cracking everything that happens at hand, the excitement, depression with feelings of futility in life, guilt and shame (symptoms of complex PTSD). Propose and explain EMDR now believing it is the only therapeutic approach useful, we establish a treatment plan and N. expresses its consent to treatment. Particular attention, given the problematic, the preparation and stabilization. Nell'anamnesi apparent trauma to the first 10 years, first recalls that she felt loved and protected. Reinforces these positive experiences that become resources in their possession. Reveals the basic psychoeducation about the disorder: No welcomes with relief the idea that is not "mad" or "possessed" but traumatized. Imagine alternative behaviors to express emotions and coping strategies. Safe place: it takes two sessions to stabilize and secure way to install. The EMDR protocol is applied faithfully in its early stages, the targets of the past dealt with in chronological order. No always started from a ladder in VOC and 10 in South, has completed all the sessions with SUD: 0 and VOC: 6 / 7. Abreactions and had once asked to stop: the NC was "I am going to die." Were achieved after 10 months of therapy, the goals of treatment plan: post-traumatic symptoms resolved after eight sessions.

Keywords: Adolescents Complex Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

230. Kapoula, Z. (2010, April). EMDR effects on pursuit eye movements. In Research. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This study aimed to objectivize the quality of smooth pursuit eye movements in a standard laboratory task before and after Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) session. EMDR was applied on subject’s autobiographic worries causing moderate distress. The EMDR session was complete in 5 out of 7 cases; distress measured by SUDS (Subjective Units of Disturbance scale) decreased to near zero value. Smooth pursuit eye movement was recorded by Eyelink II video system before and after EMDR. For these five subjects, pursuit eye movement improved after EMDR session, namely the number of CUS (Catch-up saccades) decreased and reciprocally, the gain of the smooth components of the pursuit increased. Such improvement of the smoothness of the pursuit presumably reflects better employment of visual attention needed to follow the target accurately. Perhaps EMDR reducing distress activates a cholinergic effect known to improve ocular pursuit. This approach is novel, Eye movement semiology is known to be a great tool for exploring brain function and plasticity. This preliminary study might be a starting point for further studies of other types of eye movements bringing together neuroscience and psychotherapy. Learning objectives: Learn the physiologic correlates of EMDR. During EMDR practice observation of the quality of eye movement (smooth and saccadic) can provide to the practitioner valuable, non-verbal feedback. EMDR can stimulate different types of research, including laboratory research.

Keywords: Eye Movements Research Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

231. Kapoula, Z., Yang, Q., Bonnet, A., Bourtoire, P., & Sandretto, J. (2010, May). EMDR effects on pursuit eye movements. PLoS ONE, 5(5), 1-11, e10762. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0010762.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This study aimed to objectivize the quality of smooth pursuit eye movements in a standard laboratory task before and after an Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) session run on seven healthy volunteers. EMDR was applied on autobiographic worries causing moderate distress. The EMDR session was complete in 5 out of the 7 cases; distress measured by SUDS (Subjective Units of Discomfort Scale) decreased to a near zero value. Smooth pursuit eye movements were recorded by an Eyelink II video system before and after EMDR. For the five complete sessions, pursuit eye movement improved after their EMDR session. Notably, the number of saccade intrusions—catch-up saccades (CUS)—decreased and, reciprocally, there was an increase in the smooth components of the pursuit. Such an increase in the smoothness of the pursuit presumably reflects an improvement in the use of visual attention needed to follow the target accurately. Perhaps EMDR reduces distress thereby activating a cholinergic effect known to improve ocular pursuit.

Keywords: Eye Movements Mechanism of Action

Accuracy Verified: Yes

232. Beer, R., & Hornsveld, H. (2005, November). EMDR en Eetstoornissen: Conceptualisatie en klinische toepassingen [EMDR and eating disorders: Conceptualisation and clinical applications]. Presentatie aan de eerste congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Ede, The Netherlands.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Renee Beer en Hellen Hornsveld bespreken in deze presentatie toepassingsmogelijkheden van EMDR bij patiënten met uiteenlopende eetstoornissen. Eerder is over dit onderwerp gepresenteerd door beide spreeksters op een EMDR Netwerkavond in 2004 en op het Europese EMDR congres in 2005.
Samenvatting Patiënten met Eetstoornissen (Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, Binge eating disorder) krijgen doorgaans een multidisciplinaire behandeling, waarin verschillende modules een complementaire rol spelen. Resultaten zijn echter vaak teleurstellend en daarom zijn nieuwe ideeën en technieken welkom. Mogelijkheden en beperkingen van EMDR in combinatie met Cognitieve Gedragstherapie (C.G.T.) worden besproken en geïllustreerd met videobeelden.
Renee Beer zal toelichten en demonstreren -hoe EMDR geplaatst kan worden in de context van C.G.T., -waarom het aantrekkelijk is voor adolescenten (“een coole combi”), -welke targets in aanmerking kunnen komen (o.a. traumaverwerking, lichaamsbeeld en zelfbeeld), -hoe deze targets bewerkt kunnen worden, -en wanneer in het behandelingsproces EMDR in aanmerking komt.
Hellen Hornsveld zal vervolgens haar ervaringen presenteren met een eigen protocol ter behandeling van eetbuien en eetdrang. Dit protocol is voortgekomen uit de observatie dat patiënten vaak heftige, negatieve emoties vertonen tijdens cue exposure. Cue exposure is een gedragstherapeutische techniek, waarbij de patiënt blootgesteld wordt aan de prikkels die doorgaans een eetbui uitlokken (geur, smaak,aanwezigheid van “verboden” voedsel) zonder dat de eetbui daarbij plaats mag vinden (responspreventie). De procedure is gericht op het laten uitdoven van de fysiologische reacties op de eetbui prikkels (Jansen, 1997). Op de inhoud van de reacties en de emotionele betekenis die geassocieerd is met het eten, wordt verder niet ingegaan. De EMDR variant van dit protocol is juist gericht op de betekenisverlening en het creëren van een zo hoog mogelijke emotionele lading (“balletje op de berg”) door zoveel mogelijk het EMDR protocol te volgen. Positieve ervaringen met dit protocol zullen aan de hand van videomateriaal worden gedemonstreerd.

Renee Beer and Hellen Hornsveld in this presentation discuss applications of EMDR in patients with various eating disorders. This issue was presented by speakers at an Evening Both EMDR Network in 2004 and the European EMDR conference in 2005.
Summary Patients with Eating Disorders (Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, binge eating disorder) tend to have a Multidisciplinary treatment, a complementary role Which modules. Results in loss or are disappointing and therefore welcome new ideas and techniques. Possibilities and limitations of EMDR in combination with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) are discussed and illustrated with videos.
Renee Beer will demonstrate and explain -How EMDR Can Be Placed in the context of CBT, -Why is it Attractive for adolescents ("a cool combination) Targets, Which Are Eligible (e.g. trauma, body image and self-image) How-thesis targets Can be edited And when in the process of EMDR treatment is Eligible.
Hellen Horn Field Will then present experiences with ITS ITS own protocol for the treatment of binge eating and eetdrang. This protocol is derived from the observation That Patients in loss or intense negative emotions show consistently cue exposure. Cue exposure is a behavioral technique in Which the patient is Exposed to the stimuli That Provoke Normally a binge (smell, taste, presence of "forbidden" foods) without taking the binge Which Should Be (response prevention). The procedure is aimed at gradually between the physiological responses to the binge stimuli (Jansen, 1997). The content of the emotional responses and Significance associated with the food is not Considered Further. The EMDR variant of this protocol is very focused on the perspectives and Creating the Highest Possible emotional charge (ball on the Mountain ") as much as Possible, the EMDR protocol to follow. Positive experience with this protocol using Will Be video material locally.

Keywords: Eating Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

233. Aneiros, I., González, A., Laredo, M., Mosquera, D., Taboada, M. J., & Sánchez-Caballero, I. V. (2012, Setembro ). EMDR en el tratamiento de la depresión [EMDR in the treatment of depression]. Psicologia, 16, 22-36. Retrieved from http://www.psiquiatria.com/bibliopsiquis/handle/10401/5515 on 12/5/2012.

Language: Spanish

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
La depresión constituye actualmente uno de los problemas más acuciantes en el ámbito de la salud mental. Este artículo presenta una revisión bibliográfica en la que se refleja la eficacia de la terapia de Desensibilización y Reprocesamiento por Movimientos Oculares (EMDR por sus siglas en inglés, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) en el tratamiento de los trastornos depresivos. Aunque este enfoque psicoterapéutico surge inicialmente como una herramienta eficaz en el tratamiento de los trastornos de base traumática, existe cada vez mayor evidencia acerca de su efectividad en el tratamiento de la depresión, dada la relación existente entre la aparición de este trastorno y los acontecimientos vitales estresantes. Presentamos además una visión general de la terapia EMDR y sus ocho fases, y el modelo sobre el que se sustenta, el Modelo PAI (Procesamiento Adaptativo de la Información). El Modelo PAI explica las bases de la patología, predice éxitos en los resultados clínicos, y guía en la conceptualización de casos y los planes de tratamiento. En consonancia con otras teorías del aprendizaje, el modelo PAI propone la existencia de un sistema de procesamiento de la información capaz de integrar nuevas experiencias en las redes de memoria ya existentes. Esas redes de memoria constituyen las bases de la percepción, de las actitudes y del comportamiento. Las percepciones acerca de las situaciones actuales se conectan automáticamente con las redes de memoria asociadas.

At present, the Depression is one of the most pressing problems in the field of the mental health. This article presents a bibliography review where the EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) approach shows efficacy in the Depressive Disorders. Although, this psychotherapy approach emerges, in the beginning as a efficiency tool in the treatment of the disorders with traumatic basis, its increasingly clear the evidence about of EMDR effectiveness in the Depression treatment, under the relationship between the inception of the disorder and vital stress events. We present an overview of the EMDR therapy, his eight phases and the AIP (Adaptative Information Processing) model is supported on. The AIP model explains the basis of pathology, predicts successful clinical outcomes, and guides case conceptualization and treatment procedures. Consistent with other learning theories, the AIP model posits the existence of an information processing system that assimilates new experiences into already existing memory networks. These memory networks are the basis of perception, attitudes, and behavior. Perceptions of current situations are automatically linked with associated memory networks.

Keywords: Adaptive Information Model AIP Model Depression PAI Model Stressful Events

Accuracy Verified: Yes

234. Groenendijk, M. & Hoven, M. (2006, November). EMDR en PMT bij de behandeling van complexe PTSS [EMDR and PMT in the treatment of complex PTSD]. Presentatie aan de tweede congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Arnhem, The Netherlands.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Tijdens deze workshop zal een uitgebreide videopresentatie over een EMDR-behandeling bij complexe PTSS. Bijzonder is dat de EMDR wordt uitgevoerd in een klinische setting met de psychomotore therapeut als co-therapeut. Mariëtte Groenendijk en Marieke van de Hoven zullen ingaan op hun ervaringen met ernstig getraumatiseerde patiënten en de 'beren op de weg' die daarbij kunnen optreden zoals dissociatie, uitvalsverschijnselen en herbelevingen.

During this workshop will provide a comprehensive video presentation on an EMDR treatment for complex PTSD. Particularly is that EMDR is conducted in a clinical setting with the psychomotor therapist as co-therapist. Mariette Groenendijk and Marieke of the Courts will discuss their experiences with severe traumatized patients and the "pitfalls" that might occur as dissociation, reliving and failure phenomena.

Keywords: Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Complex PTSD C-PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

235. Rijnders, H. (2006, November). EMDR en schemagerichte therapie: Casusconceptualisate en traumatische kernervaringen [EMDR and schema-focused therapy: Heart and traumatic experiences case conceptilization]. Workshop gepresenteerd aan de tweede congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Arnhem, The Netherlands.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In deze presentatie zal een conceptueel model gepresenteerd worden voor het vinden van de kerntraumatische ervaringen( targets) die aan de basis liggen van de schema’s van Young. Er zal kort worden ingegaan op de theorie van de schemagerichte therapie van Jeffrey Young. De belangrijkste schema’s in zijn model zullen worden besproken die in veel gevallen verantwoordelijk zijn voor de persoonlijkheidsproblematiek en complexe ptss klachten waar wij als behandelaars mee kunnen worden geconfronteerd. Daarnaast hoe met behulp van het emdr standaard protocol de targets worden opgespoord die ten grondslag kunnen liggen aan de eerdergenoemde schema’s of valkuilen.Het zijn deze traumatische ervaringen die later in de behandeling zullen moeten worden gedesensitiseerd. De integratieve psychotherapeutische behandeling van persoonlijkheidsproblematiek en complexe ptss klachten gaat uit van een fasengericht traumamodel. Het thema tijdens deze presentatie omvat een belangrijk onderdeel van deze behandelingswijze. Het biedt de behandelaar zowel als de cliënt(e) inzicht in de ontwikkelingspsychologische aspecten van de klachten en kan extra motiverend werken voor langer durende behandelingen. Interessant is hoe de voorgestelde cognitieve domeinen van Eric ten Broeke en Ad de Jongh een belangrijk hulpmiddel zijn bij het vinden van de correcte NC’s en PC’s bij bovengenoemde problematiek. De schemagerichte therapie van Young heeft op basis van recent wetenschappelijk onderzoek bewezen een van de meest effectieve behandelvormen te zijn bij ingrijpende persoonlijkheidsproblematiek. De emdr therapie van Shapiro wordt door onderzoek voortdurend genoemd als een van de meest effektieve behandelvormen bij acuut trauma. Experimenteel wordt emdr nu ook aangewend bij complex trauma. Samen vormen zij een gouden duo. Deze presentatie lijkt geschikt voor beginnende emdr therapeuten die zich meer willen gaan bezighouden met complex trauma en persoonlijkheidsproblematiek. Voor gevorderde therapeuten is de presentatie een platform voor discussie aangezien vele wegen naar Rome leiden. Een en ander zal worden toegelicht met casuïstiek en mogelijk met videobeelden.

This presentation will be presented a conceptual model for Finding the key traumatic experiences (targets) that form the basis of the diagrams of Young. It will briefly examine the theory of schema-focused therapy by Jeffrey Young. The main schemes in his model will be discussed in many cases responsible for PTSD complex personality problems and complaints that we clinicians may be faced with. In addition, how to use the EMDR standard protocol targets are identified that may underlie the aforementioned schedules or valkuilen. These traumatic experiences will be desensitized later in treatment. The integrative psychotherapy of personality problems and complex PTSD symptoms is based on a phase oriented trauma model. The theme of this presentation includes an important component of this treatment method. It provides both the therapist and client (e) understanding of the developmental aspects of the complaint and may provide additional motivation to work for longer term treatments. It is interesting how the proposed cognitive domains of Eric ten Broeke and Ad de Jongh an important tool in finding the correct NCs and PCs to the abovementioned issues. The schema-focused therapy for Young, based on recent scientific study proved one of the most effective forms of treatment to be for major personality problems. The EMDR therapy research by Shapiro constantly mentioned as one of the most effective forms of treatment in acute trauma. EMDR is now used experimentally to complex trauma. Together they form a golden combination. This presentation appears to be suitable for beginning EMDR therapists who want to deal with complex trauma and personality problems. For experienced therapists, presenting a platform for discussion, since many roads lead to Rome. This will be illustrated by case studies and possibly video.

Keywords: Schema Focused Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

236. van Rood, Y., & de Roos, C. (2012, March). EMDR en somatisch onvoldoende verklaarde lichamelijke klachten (SOLK)[EMDR and Somatic insufficiently explained physical complaints (SOLK)]. Presentatie op de 6e congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Arnhem, Nederland.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Somatisch onvoldoende verklaarde lichamelijke klachten (SOLK) zijn lichamelijke klachten die niet - of niet geheel - verklaard worden door een bekende ziekte bijvoorbeeld chronische pijn, tinnitus, chronische vermoeidheid, conversie- of prikkelbare darm klachten. Wanneer de beperkingen als gevolg van de lichamelijke klachten aanzienlijk zijn en/of er sprake is van aanzienlijk lijden dan is er sprake van een somatoforme stoornis volgens de DSM-IV. Er zijn aanwijzingen dat traumatische ervaringen een rol kunnen spelen bij het ontstaan van SOLK en somatoforme stoornissen. Onverwerkte traumatische herinneringen kunnen daarnaast ook een rol spelen bij het in stand houden van SOLK (van Rood en de Roos, in druk). Uit een systematische review van de beschikbare studies blijkt dat EMDR een effectieve behandeling kan zijn voor SOLK als de lichamelijke klachten trauma gerelateerd zijn (van Rood en de Roos 2009). In deze workshop wordt aan de hand van een diagnostisch model voor SOLK (het gevolgenmodel) geïllustreerd welke rol traumatische herinneringen kunnen spelen bij het in stand houden van een SOLK en hoe dit zich verhoudt tot de rol van de andere in stand houdende gevolgen. Aansluitend zullen er drie tot vijf casussen van workshopdeelnemers centraal worden besproken. Hiervoor vragen we u om voor 1 maart 2012 een e-mail te sturen met een korte casus beschrijving en uw vragen naar yrvanrood@lumc.nl of cderoos@ggzkinderenenjeugd.nl o.v.v. VEN congres 2012 Uit de inzendingen zal een selectie worden gemaakt voor de workshop eventueel met videofragmenten wanneer de vraag betrekking heeft op toepassing van het EMDR protocol.

Somatic insufficiently explained physical complaints (SOLK) are physical symptoms that are not - or not entirely - be explained by a disease known as chronic pain, tinnitus, chronic fatigue, conversion or irritable bowel symptoms. When the limitations due to physical problems are significant and / or there is considerable suffering than there is a somatoform disorder according to DSM-IV. There is evidence that traumatic experiences may play a role in causing SOLK and somatoform disorders. Unprocessed traumatic memories can also play a role in the maintenance of SOLK (of Red and the Rose, in press). A systematic review of the available studies show that EMDR is an effective treatment for SOLK as physical trauma related symptoms (of the Red and Rose 2009). This workshop is based on a diagnostic model for SOLK (the consequence model) illustrated the role that traumatic memories can play in maintaining a SOLK and how this relates to the role of the other sustaining effects. Afterwards there will be three to five cases of central workshop participants are discussed. For this we ask you to 1 March 2012 e-mail with a brief case study and your questions or yrvanrood@lumc.nl cderoos@ggzkinderenenjeugd.nl stating VEN 2012 congress will be a selection from the submissions made for the workshop, possibly with video clips when the question relates to application of the EMDR.

Keywords: SOLK Somatic Insufficiently Explained Physical Complaints

Accuracy Verified: Yes

237. Vazquez, A. G. (2007, Novembro). EMDR en trastornos disociativos [EMDR in dissociative disorders]. Apresentação no I Congresso Ibero-Americano de EMDR, Brasília, Brasil.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Objetivos de aprendizaje: • Ofrecer una perspectiva de cómo enlazar el tratamiento de trastornos disociativos y EMDR. La disociación es un fenómeno clínico estrechamente ligado al trauma. Todos los que trabajamos con EMDR nos encontramos necesariamente con ella. Sin embargo es frecuente que los conocimientos en el área del tratamiento de la disociación sean limitados en muchos países. Muchas veces la información que se nos transmite al respecto es que “es preciso tener mucho cuidado cuando empleamos EMDR en pacientes disociativos”. Si bien esto es muy cierto, también lo es que teniendo claro el esquema de tratamiento en la disociación grave, EMDR puede utilizarse de forma eficaz y segura en estos pacientes, y resulta enormemente útil en el proceso terapéutico, acortando enormemente los tiempos de terapia. • Acercar a los asistentes a estos tratamientos de una forma eminentemente práctica, predominando en la exposición la presentación de casos clínicos, fundamentalmente en formato de video, sobre el desarrollo teórico, aunque se intentará engarzar ambos aspectos de un modo coherente y comprensible. • Crear un espacio de discusión en el que los participantes puedan aportar sus experiencias clínicas y compartir perspectivas. (Este trabajo también será presentado en forma de video. Vea el horario de la Sala 4).

Learning Objectives: • Provide an overview of how to bind the treatment of dissociative disorders and EMDR. Dissociation is a clinical phenomenon closely associated with the trauma. Everyone we work with EMDR necessarily with it. However, it is common knowledge in the area dissociation treatment are limited in many countries. Many times the information transmitted to us in this regard is that "it is must be very careful when employ EMDR in dissociative patients. " While this is very true, so is that clear light treatment scheme severe dissociation, EMDR can be used effective and safe in these patients, and is enormously helpful in the process therapeutic, greatly shortening days of therapy. • Bring attendees to these treatments of an eminently practical, predominantly presentation in the exhibition clinical cases, mainly in the form Video on the theoretical development, but will try to enshrine both aspects in a coherent and understandable. • Create a space for discussion where Participants can bring their experiences Clinical and share perspectives. (This work will also be presented as of video. See schedule of Room 4).

Keywords: Dissocative Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

238. Maiberger, B. (2009). EMDR essentials: A guide for clients and therapists. New York: W. W. Norton.

Language: English

Format: Book

Abstract:
1)In easy-to-understand terms, Barb Maiberger explains EMDR to clients and, in turn, equips clinicians with a shorthand way of explaining it to their own patients. Topics include understanding trauma and its symptoms, how and why EMDR works (and when it won't), how to find the right therapist, and sample relaxation exercises. 2)This book discusses eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy. Part I explains EMDR, the phases involved in treatment, the nature of trauma and its effect on memory. Theories about why EMDR works, how it can work for children, and safety issues are addressed. Part II provides illustrations from the author's experiences as an EMDR therapist, presenting client issues and how EMDR helped them. The author notes that the purpose of this book is to inform potential EMDR clients what to expect from EMDR therapy and how it may help in trauma healing. (PsycINFO Database)

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

239. Matthess, H., & Mehrotra, S. (2008, June). EMDR Europe Humanitarian Assistance Programme (HAP): The efficacy of using EMDR in the aftermath of an earthquake in India. Keynote presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
India, the world’s second largest democracy, is known for its diversity in terrain, culture and ethnicity. Prone to both natural and man made calamities along with a high population density and not enough resources, mental health does not rank high on the list of people’s priorities. The earthquake of January 2001, was the second deadliest experienced by the country through its recorded history. Trauma therapy, specifically EMDR was still at its inception in the country with very few fully trained professionals. These professionals put together a response that reached out to more than 16000 affected individuals, mostly children and adolescents and a few parents, teachers and adults from the society. The keynote address discusses the approach that was adapted in working in Gujarat in the aftermath of the earth quake, the processes that were modified to make them relevant both to the culture and the trauma experienced by the people. The address also discusses the documented findings while work was underway, the experiences and observations of the therapists along with a few representative cases. The data for this keynote was generated through the drawings of children done as a part of the therapy itself. The impact on adolescents using the Impact of Event scale will also be presented.

Keywords: Earthquake India Keynote

Accuracy Verified: Yes

240. Kavakcı, Ö., Kaptanoğlu, E., Kuğu, N., & Doğan, O. (2010). EMDR fibromiyalji tedavisinde yeni bir seçenek olabilir mi? Olgu sunumu ve gözden geçirme [EMDR: A new choice of treatment in fibromyalgia? A review and report of a case presentation]. Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi, 13(3), 143-151.

Language: Turkish

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Fibromiyalji Sendromu (FMS) etyolojisi belli olmayan yaygın vücut ağrıları, belirli anatomik bölgelerde hassasiyet, azalmış ağrı eşiği, uyku bozuklukları, yorgunluk ve sıklıkla psikolojik sıkıntı ile karakterize eklem dışı romatizmal bir hastalıktır. FMS'de psikiyatrik komorbidite yüksektir ve son zamanlarda FMS ve psikolojik travma ilişkisini gösteren yayınlar artmaktadır. Bu olgu sunumunun amacı psikolojik travmaya yönelik bir tedavinin FMS'nin belirtilerini yatıştırıp yatıştırmayacağını değerlendirmektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Fizik Tedavi ve Rehabilitasyon (FTR) kliniğinden ilaç tedavisine iyi yanıt vermemiş FMS tanısı konulan bir hastada önce travma yaşantısı olup olmadığı değerlendirilmiş, ardından saptanan travmalarına yönelik göz hareketleriyle duyarsızlaştırma ve yeniden işleme (EMDR: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) uygulanmıştır. Hasta; Beş yıldır şikâyetleri olan 34 yaşında, evli, kadın, ilaç kullanmıyor. Visuel Ağrı Skalasında (VAS) ağrı düzeyi 9-10, hassas nokta sayısı 15/18 olarak belirlendi. Beck Depresyon Ölçeği puanı (BDÖ) 22 ve Foa Travma Değerlendirme Ölçeği (TDÖ) puanı 41 olarak saptandı. EMDR tedavisi sonrasında; VAS 3, hassas nokta sayısı 11/18, TDÖ 6, BDÖ puanı 2 olarak bulundu. Hastanın 3 ve 6 aylık takipte iyilik halinin sürdüğü tespit edildi.Bu olgunun travmalarına yönelik tedavi uygulanması sonrasında hem psikiyatrik hem de somatik yakınmalarında belirgin düzelme görülmüş ve bu iyileşmenin olası mekanizmaları tartışılmıştır. FMS'li olgularda travmatik deneyimlerin aranması ve EMDR veya başka travma yönelimli yaklaşımların uygulanması olumlu sonuçlar verebilir.

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a nonarticular rheumatic disease with unknown etiology and is characterized by widespread pain, increased tenderness in some anatomical regions, increased pain sensitivity, sleep disorders, fatigue and frequently by psychological distress. Psychiatric comorbidity is high in FMS and reports denoting to relationship of FMS and psychologial trauma have increased recently. We aimed to assess whether or not a treatment modality concerning trauma can alleviate symptoms of FMS. One of the FMS patients who was admitted to the outpatient department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation was randomly assigned to the present study. After that, assessed whether patients's traumatic experiences, and the Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy was performed to the patient. A thirty-four year old female married patient, had symptoms of FMS for five years. She was not on any medication. Intensity of her pain was identfied as 10 by visuel analog scale (VAS), tender point count was 15 out of 18 and the scores of Beck Depression Scale (BDS) and The Post Traumatic Diagnostic Scale (PDS) were 22 and 41, respectively. After the EMDR treatment VAS score was 3, tender point count was 11 and the scores of BDS and PDS were 2 and 6, respectively. The recovery was sustained at the 3rd and 6th months of follow up. In this case, we observed amelioration in both psychiatric and somatic symptoms of the patient after EMDR therapy and we discussed the possible mechanisms of this recovery. Searching for traumatic experiences and treating those traumas in FMS patients by EMDR or similar methods may result in favourable results.

Keywords: Fibromyalgia

Accuracy Verified: Yes

241. Fizel, D., Shapiro, F., Borderson, G., & Frank-NcNeil, J. (1997). EMDR for trauma (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Language: English

Format: Video

Abstract:
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is an approach that combines elements of the major therapeutic schools (e.g., cognitive, behavioral, psychodynamic, physiological, and interactional). Although eye movement stimulation has garnered the most attention professionally and publicly, EMDR actually involves a much broader spectrum of interventions which are organized into eight phases of therapy. EMDR is based on the assumption that specific experiences from the past continue to guide the client's responses in the present. To influence such experiences from the past, EMDR draws on an information processing model of behavior. Disturbing trauma-related information is believed to be held in the patient's nervous system in state-dependent form (e.g., the perceptions and sensations experienced at the time of the trauma are encoded in the nervous system). EMDR allows the processing of this information so that what is useful from the experience can be learned; stored appropriately, cognitively and affectively; and made available for behavioral guidance in the future. EMDR allows clients to access and reprocess these experiences as well as to learn new skills and behaviors for managing future life events. The goal of EMDR is to produce the most comprehensive and profound treatment effects in the shortest period of time, while helping the client to remain reasonably stable. [Videorecording : DVD video 1 videodisc (53 min.) : sd., col. ; 4 3/4 in.]

Keywords: Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

242. Shapiro, F., & Broderson, G. (1997). EMDR for trauma: Eye movement desenitization and reprocessing. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Language: English

Format: Video

Abstract:
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is a complex treatment approach that combines salient elements of the major therapeutic schools (e.g., cognitive, behavioral, psychodynamic, physiological, and interactional). Although the eye movement stimulation (and other forms of dual stimulation used in the approach) have garnered the most attention professionally and publicly, EMDR actually involves a much broader spectrum of interventions, which are organized into eight phases of therapy. Currently, 13 completed controlled studies of EMDR make it one of the most researched methods of psychotherapy used in the treatment of trauma. Its efficacy has been supported by these studies: the four most recent studies of victims who have suffered single traumas have demonstrated that after the equivalent of three 90-minute sessions, 84% to 90% of patients no longer have symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; Rothbaum, 1997; Wilson, Becker, & Tinker, 1995).
EMDR is based on the assumption that specific experiences from the past continue to guide the client`s responses in the present. These experiences can be the "big T" traumas that result in PTSD or the "small t" traumas that are the ubiquitous experiences known to have a less dramatic but still negative impact on personality and behavior.
To influence such experiences from the past, EMDR draws on an information processing model of behavior. Conceptually, disturbing trauma-related information is believed to be held in the patient`s nervous system in state-dependent form (e.g., the perceptions and sensations experienced at the time of the trauma are encoded in the nervous system). EMDR allows the processing of this information in an adaptive fashion so that what is useful from the experience can be learned; stored appropriately, cognitively, and affectively; and made available for behavioral guidance in the future. What is useless to adaptation, such as excess negative emotions, irrational self-assessments, and disturbing physical sensations, can be discarded.
Assessment is focused not on global diagnoses but rather on specific delineations of problematic behaviors, attitudes, and affects that need to be transmuted to allow for adaptive resolution of trauma or conflict. Specifically, the EMDR clinician asks, what is the patient being influenced by past experiences to do in the present that is dysfunctional and what is he or she prevented from doing that would be adaptive?
Although originally applied to PTSD, EMDR shows promise in a variety of clinical complaints that are based on earlier life experiences that underlie the pathology and current experiences and that restimulate the disturbance. EMDR allows clients to access and reprocess these experiences as well as to learn new skills and behaviors for managing future life events. In all cases, the goal of EMDR is to produce the most comprehensive and profound treatment effects in the shortest period of time, while helping the client to remain reasonably stable.
EMDR as an eight-phase intervention approach can be considered a complete treatment in some clinical cases, or it may be part of a more complex treatment plan that includes other more traditional approaches to treating a specific pathology (e.g., borderline personality disorder). Within this latter integrative context, EMDR appears to be useful for a broad range of clinical complaints and seems to provide more rapid achievement of positive treatment effects than do these more traditional approaches alone.
Dr. Shapiro identifies her approach as "eye movement desensitization and reprocessing." What does this imply to you? More specifically, what do you expect of her? Will Dr. Shapiro be active or passive? Will the session be structured or unstructured? Directive or nondirective? Will it focus on the past or on the present? Will the session focus on behaviors, on thoughts, or on feelings? What do you expect to be the relative balance between attention to technique versus the interpersonal interaction?

Keywords: Client Francine Shapiro Male

Accuracy Verified: Yes

243. Tinker, R. H. (2002). EMDR for traumatised children around the world. In J. Morris-Smith (Ed.), EMDR: cZZZClinical applications with children, Occasional paper no. 19 (pp. 9-14) London: The Association for Child Psychology and Psychiatry.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
EMDR is a form of psychotherapy that is highly applicable to children, in part because of its structured format and it simplicity. Clinical vignettes of EMDR with children who have been subjected to single and multiple traumas are presented, with modifications that allow it to be applied to children of different ages. The application of EMDR to children of different cultures is explored. A framework for trauma-based diagnosis will be contrasted with our preset diagnostic system. The use of EMDR in a group format with refugee Albanian children traumatized by the conflict in Kosovo is also presented. The presenter discusses the impact of EMDR on his own life, through the deepening of emotional experiences and understandings possible with this form of therapy.

Keywords: Children Occasional Paper Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

244. Kiessling, R. (2013, May). EMDR from a belief focused perspective. Presentation at the annual EMDR Canada Conference, Banff, Alberta CAN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Beliefs are the meta-perception of life’s experiences (Shapiro 2001). Target Sequence Plans bundled around core belief schema provide an effective, efficient and safe approach to case conceptualization and EMDR treatment. This workshop will clarify questions asked by EMDR Clinicians such as: • Are all NC/PCs Core Belief Schemas? • Are your Targeting Sequence Plans Core Belief Schema Bundled or just a shotgun of targets based upon “What do you want to work on today?” • Does “What does it say about you” really address ‘what it means about you!? • Are you’ staying out of the way’ when you should be ‘leading the way’! These and others questions will be clarified through lecture, case examples and video demonstrations. Through lecture, video demonstration, and practice, participants will: • Name 3 major differences between the Standard EMDR Protocols and Procedures and EMDR from a ‘Belief Schema Perspective.’ • Describe the 4 primary Belief Schemas used in the ‘Belief Schema Perspective’ to EMDR, and how they assist the case conceptualization and processing. • Demonstrate the ability to develop a Belief Focused Targeting Sequence Plan and appropriately process the targets identified within the Standard Three Pronged Protocol.

Keywords: Core Beliefs

Accuracy Verified: Yes

245. Farrell, D., Keenan, P., & Basil, J. (2006, March). EMDR HAP training in India in the aftermath of the tsunami. Presentation at the 4th annual Conference of the EMDR UK & Ireland Association, London, UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
On 26th December 2005 the southern coastline of India was hit by a tsunami, which resulted in the deaths of over 28,000 people. This natural disaster caused the widespread devastation to the region. As part of the EMDR Humanitarian Assistance Programme as series of EMDR Levels 1 and 2 were established in Chennai, Southern India offering training to mental health workers specifically working the tsunami affected areas. The project was funded by Cerner/First Hand Foundation project with the remit primarily focusing upon the trauma impact upon children. For the purpose of this presentation, the Chennai project will be outlined, providing insight into how the trainings were carried out from a teaching and learning perspective. It will also consider trauma experiences from a cultural viewpoint, which potentially challenges western constructs of PTSD phenomena. Particular attention wil be focused upon the aspects of the Negative and Positive Cognition and how this seems to be potentially a cultural component to the EMDR protocol. Indian practitioners determined that 'mind and body' are one in the same. Yet EMDR training emphasises the importance of distinguishing between thoughts and feelings. As a result many of the trainees struggled with this aspect. Discussion will also explore more widespread trauma characteristics of the tsumani including how the trauma impacted from an individual, family, and community perspective.

Keywords: HAP Training Tsunami

Accuracy Verified: Yes

246. Liz Royle, L., & Kerr, C. (2012). EMDR i klinisk praktik [EMDR in clinical practice]. Studentlitteratur, Holmberg: Lund.

Language: Swedish

Format: Book

Abstract:
EMDR är en evidensbaserad metod för att behandla PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder). Emellertid kan EMDR tillämpas på ett betydligt bredare sätt. Många av de besvär som människor bär på har inte orsakats av något livshotande trauma men kan förstås utifrån att plågsamma minnen inte kunnat bearbetas. Författarna använder en enkel, rättfram framställning med många kliniska exempel. Vanliga nybörjarfel och missuppfattningar illustreras, men boken lyfter också fram sådant som underlättar bearbetningen av plågsamma minnen. Terapeuter och klienter berättar om egna erfarenheter på ett instruktivt sätt. Läsaren får följa tillämpningen av EMDR-protokollet genom samtliga åtta faser – från den första anamnesdelen till den avslutande behandlingsutvärderingen, och får praktiska råd såsom ”Vad du än gör, gör inte så här!” Boken ersätter inte en grundkurs i EMDR eller Francine Shapiros ursprungliga bok, men är ett utmärkt komplement, en handbok med konkreta förslag, väsentlig vägledning, och strategier för att undvika vanliga fallgropar i EMDR- arbete med vuxna klienter.

EMDR is an evidence-based approach to treating PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder). However, EMDR applicable to a much broader way. Many of the problems that people carry has not been caused by something life-threatening trauma but can be understood from the painful memories could not be processed. The authors use a simple, straightforward production with many clinical examples. Frequently nybörjarfel and misconceptions illustrated, but the book also highlights things that facilitate processing of painful memories. Therapists and clients talk about their experiences in an instructive way. The reader may follow the application of the EMDR protocol through all eight phases - the first history part of the final treatment evaluation, and get practical advice such as "Whatever you do, do not do this!" The book does not replace a basic course in EMDR or Francine Shapiro's original book, but is an excellent addition, a handbook of practical suggestions, guidance material, and strategies for avoiding common pitfalls in EMDR work with adult clients.

Keywords: Practice

Accuracy Verified: Yes

247. Shapiro, F., & Forrest, M. (2002). EMDR in aktion - Die neue kurzeittherapie in der praxis [EMDR: The breakthrough therapy for overcoming anxiety, stress and trauma]. Paderborn, Germany, Junfermann Verlag GmbH & Co.

Language: German

Format: Book

Abstract:
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) ist eine von Francine Shapiro entwickelte innovative klinische Behandlungsmethode für Trauma-Opfer. Aufgrund äußerst positiver neuer Untersuchungsergebnisse ist EMDR mittlerweile die am gründlichsten untersuchte Methode zur Behandlung der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS). Gleichzeitig werden Untersuchungen über die Möglichkeiten der Anwendung von EMDR bei anderen Störungen durchgeführt. EMDR ist eine zeitsparende, umfassende Methode zur Behandlung traumatischer Erfahrungen, die die Ursache vieler Pathologien sind. Als integratives Therapiemodell, das verhaltenspsychologische, kognitive, psychodynamische, körperorientierte und systemische Elemente umfaßt, ermöglicht EMDR, in relativ kurzer Zeit tiefreichende und stabile Resultate zu erzielen. Die EMDR-Behandlungssequenz, die acht Phasen umfaßt und Augenbewegungen sowie andere Methoden der Rechts-Links-Stimulation nutzt, hilft Trauma-Opfern bei der Aufarbeitung beunruhigender Gedanken und Erinnerungen. Dieses umfassende Basiswerk zum Thema EMDR gibt einen Überblick über die Entwicklung und Erforschung der neuen Methode. Zu den vielen Patientengruppen, bei denen mit EMDR gearbeitet werden kann, zählen die Opfer von sexuellem Mißbrauch, von Verbrechen, kämpferischen Auseinandersetzungen, Kriegsfolgen und Phobie-Patienten. Als Einführung in eine neue wichtige Methode im Bereich der Traumabehandlung ist dieses Buch eine unverzichbare Lektüre für alle Kliniker und Forscher, die sich für die Arbeit mit Trauma-Opfern interessieren. Das Lehrbuch zu EMDR, dieser neuen, so überaus erfolgreichen Therapiemethode zur Behandlung von Traumaopfern.

EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is a technology developed by Francine Shapiro innovative clinical treatment for trauma victims. Due to extremely positive new findings EMDR is now the most thoroughly studied method for the treatment of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). At the same tests are carried out on the possibilities of the use of EMDR with other disorders. EMDR is a time-saving, comprehensive method for the treatment of traumatic experiences, which are the cause of many diseases. As an integrative therapy model includes the behavioral, cognitive, psychodynamic, body-oriented and systemic elements, EMDR allows to achieve in a relatively short time, profound and stable results. The EMDR treatment sequence that includes eight stages, and uses eye movements as well as other methods of left-right stimulation helps trauma victims in the processing disturbing thoughts and memories. This comprehensive work based on EMDR provides an overview of the development and exploration of the new method. Among the many groups of patients that can be worked in those with EMDR, including the victims of sexual abuse, crime, fight conflicts, war and phobia patients. As an introduction to an important new method in the field of trauma treatment, this book is a unverzichbare reading for all clinicians and researchers interested in working with trauma victims. The textbook to EMDR, this new, so very successful treatment method for the treatment of trauma victims

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

248. Staff (1995). EMDR in Belgrade, former Yugoslavia. EMDR Network Newsletter, 5(2), 13.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Mental health workers feel overwhelmed and burned out by the increased amount of motional disturbance brought on not only by direct experiences of war, but by Living at its edge. Because of this Barbara's discusses the need of more training of EMDR professionals who can assist the mental health workers and suffering refugees in the Serbian part of former-Yugoslavia.

Keywords: Serbia Refugees War Yugoslavia

Accuracy Verified: Yes

249. Kaslow, F. W., Nurse, A. R., & Thompson, P. (2002). EMDR in conjunction with family systems therapy. In F. Shapiro (Ed.), EMDR as an integrative psychotherapy approach: Experts of diverse orientations explore the paradigm prism (1st ed.) (pp. 289-318). Washington: American Psychological Association.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
The field of family therapy seemed to coalesce around 1960, although some of the early pioneers were already conducting and writing about family systems and treating multipatient units before then. This chapter offers a brief overview of the field and then provides case studies in which EMDR is the primary treatment methodology, used within a family systems perspective, or both. [Text, p. 289]TOPICS TREATED: Evolution of the field (key concepts; various conceptual models); EMDR and family systems therapy (Case studies: EMDR used to break an impasse, EMDR used to facilitate effective coparenting during a divorce, EMDR used in a transgenerational transmission process; additional uses of EMDR with family systems therapy); EMDR and traditional thought in family systems therapy; Description of positive treatment effects of EMDR; How EMDR lets family therapists use what they know; How EMDR extends the outcomes of family therapy; Suggestions for strengthening EMDR; Using EMDR to investigate interesting areas in family therapy.

Keywords: Adults Family Therapy Life Experiences Marital Problems Psychotherapeutic Processes Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

250. Beer, R., & Hornsveld, H. (2008). EMDR in de behandeling van eetstoornissen [EMDR in the treatment of eating disorders]. In E. ten Broeke, A. de Jongh, & H. Oppenheim (Red), Praktijkboek EMDR: Casusconceptualisatie en en specifieke patiëntengroepen,(pp. 201-243). Amsterdam: Harcourt Press.

Language: Dutch

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Dit hoofdstuk is voortgekomen uit enthousiasme voor EMDR. Eetstoornissen (anorexia nervosa, boulimia nervosa en binge eating disorder) staan bekend als moeilijk te behandelen. Behandeling van patiënten met eetstoornissen vindt bij voorkeur plaats door een multidisciplinair, specialistisch team met een gemeenschappelijke visie (Clinical Guideline Eating Disorders, 2004; Multidisciplinaire Richtlijn voor Eetstoornissen, 2006). Cognitieve gedragstherapie neemt hierbij een prominente plaats in. De weinige beschikbare gecontroleerde studies laten matige resultaten zien met behoorlijke terugvalpercentages (Multidisciplinaire Richtlijn voor Eetstoornissen, 2006). Over het algemeen geldt dat cognitieve gedragstherapie de behandeling van voorkeur is, maar ook de resultaten van deze benadering geven aanleiding tot bescheidenheid (Fairburn e.a., 1999). Onderzoekers en behandelaars zijn daarom voortdurend op zoek naar nieuwe invalshoeken en mogelijkheden. In ons werk met eetstoornispatiënten hebben wij ons afgevraagd hoe de kracht van EMDR ingezet zou kunnen worden bij de vaak moeizame behandeling van patiënten met een eetstoornis. De volgende bevindingen zijn gebaseerd op ervaringen met de behandeling van jongeren (12-18 jaar) met voornamelijk anorexia nervosa1 en volwassenen met hoofdzakelijk binge eating disorder. Daarnaast hebben wij onze klinische ervaringen uitgewisseld met collega’s2 in een werkgroep ‘EMDR en eetstoornissen’. Onze ‘experimenten’ met EMDR vonden steeds plaats als onderdeel van een geïntegreerde, multidisciplinaire poliklinische of deeltijdbehandeling. Het is daarom moeilijk objectief vast te stellen wat specifieke effecten zijn geweest van de beschreven interventies. Onze indruk is echter dat EMDR een klinisch relevante verbetering teweeg kan brengen, waar die met de meer gangbare methoden veel lastiger of zelfs niet te bereiken zou zijn geweest. In wetenschappelijke tijdschriften is, naar wij weten, slechts één artikel verschenen over het gebruik van EMDR in de behandeling van eetstoornissen (Hudson e.a., 1998). Over empirisch onderzoek naar de effecten van EMDR bij de behandeling van eetstoornissen is nog niets gepubliceerd. Wel is door verschillende collega’s op EMDR-congressen bruikbaar materiaal gepresenteerd voor toepassing bij patiënten met een eetstoornis (Vogelmann-Sinn e.a., 1998; Omaha, 2000; Bloomgarden en Calogero, 2002; Friedland, 2003; Hase, 2005).

This chapter is the result of enthusiasm for EMDR. Eating disorders (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder) are known as difficult to treat. Treatment of patients with eating disorders is preferably carried out by a multidisciplinary specialist team with a common vision (Clinical Guideline Eating Disorders, 2004; Multidisciplinary Guideline for Eating Disorders, 2006). Cognitive behavioral therapy occupies a prominent place. The few available controlled studies have shown mixed results with significant relapse rates (Multidisciplinary Guideline for Eating Disorders, 2006). Generally, that cognitive-behavioral treatment of preference, but also the results of this approach give rise to modest (Fairburn et al, 1999). Researchers and practitioners are therefore constantly looking for new approaches and possibilities. In our work with eating disorder patients, we asked ourselves how the power of EMDR could be used in the often difficult management of patients with eating disorders. The following findings are based on experiences with the treatment of adolescents (12-18 years) with anorexia mainly nervosa1 and adults with mainly binge eating disorder. We also exchanged our clinical experiences with collega's2 in a workgroup 'EMDR and eating disorders. Our 'experiments' with EMDR were always held as part of an integrated, multidisciplinary outpatient treatment or time. It is therefore difficult to determine objectively what specific effects have been the interventions described. Our impression is that EMDR is a clinically relevant improvement can bring, where those with the more common methods much more difficult or even impossible to achieve would have been. In scientific journals, to our knowledge, only one article about the use of EMDR in the treatment of eating disorders (Hudson et al, 1998). On empirical research into the effects of EMDR in the treatment of eating disorders is not yet published. However, by several colleagues EMDR conferences presented useful material for use in patients with eating disorders (Mann-Sinn Vogel et al, 1998; Omaha, 2000; Bloom Garden and Calogero, 2002; Friedland, 2003; Hase, 2005).

Keywords: Anorexia Nervosa Bulimia Nervosa Binge Eating Disorder Eating Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

251. Horst, F., & Baeten, B. (2012, Maart). EMDR in de behandeling van paniekstoornissen met of zonder agorafobie [EMDR in the treatment of panic disorders with or without agoraphobia]. Presentatie op de 6e congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Arnhem, Nederland.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Op de polikliniek psychiatrie van het St. Elisabeth Ziekenhuis in Tilburg loopt sinds anderhalf jaar een wetenschappelijk onderzoek (RCT) naar de behandeling van paniekstoornissen met of zonder agorafobie. De therapievorm Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) wordt hierbij vergeleken met Cognitieve Gedrags Therapie (CGT). Zo wordt onder meer onderzocht of EMDR een effectieve behandelmethode is voor patiënten met een paniekstoornis met of zonder agorafobie. EMDR wordt hierbij direct vergeleken met een CGT behandeling. Daarnaast wordt in dit onderzoek onderzocht wat de impact van beide behandelingen is op de kwaliteit van leven. Als behandelaren in de EMDR conditie van dit onderzoek willen we graag vertellen wat onze ervaringen zijn met een geprotocolleerde behandeling van paniekstoornissen middels EMDR. Tijdens onze workshop zal getracht worden de theorie en praktijk met elkaar te verbinden. Aangezien een groot gedeelte van de EMDR behandelingen binnen dit wetenschappelijk onderzoek gefilmd wordt, zullen we ons verhaal ondersteunen met veel filmmateriaal.

On the psychiatry outpatient clinic of the St. Elisabeth Hospital in Tilburg runs a half years since a scientific trial (RCT) for the treatment of panic disorders with or without agoraphobia. The form of therapy Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) is hereby compared with Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). These include whether EMDR is an effective treatment for patients with panic disorder with or without agoraphobia. EMDR is hereby directly compared with a treatment CBT. In addition, this study investigated the impact of both treatments on the quality of life. As clinicians in the EMDR condition of this research we would like to tell you what our experiences with food allergies treatment of panic disorder using EMDR. During our workshop will be tried with the theory and practice together. Since a large part of the EMDR treatments within this research is being filmed, we will support our story with lots of footage.

Keywords: Agoraphobia Panic Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

252. Steeghs, M., & Gerrits, G. (2011, December). EMDR in de kindergeneeskunde [EMDR in paediatrics]. Tijdschrift voor Kindergeneeskunde, 79(6), 199-202, doi:10.1007/s12456-011-0039-2.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Dit artikel beschrijft het belang van het inzetten van eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) om traumatisering te voorkomen of te behandelen bij kinderen en adolescenten. Paediatric medical traumatic stress en posttraumatische stressstoornis worden besproken om de relevantie van EMDR voor de kindergeneeskunde toe te lichten. Er volgt een korte beschrijving van het behandelprotocol en twee verklaringsmodellen voor het effect van EMDR. Ter illustratie worden er in het artikel twee casussen beschreven. Er wordt gepleit voor vroege risicosignalering en tijdige doorverwijzing door kinderartsen en medische teams. Geconcludeerd wordt dat EMDR een kindvriendelijke en breed toepasbare methode is om de negatieve gevolgen van traumatische ervaringen die kinderen in een medische setting opdoen te behandelen of te voorkomen.

This article describes the importance of the use of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) for trauma to prevent or treat in children and adolescents. Paediatric medical traumatic stress and posttraumatic stress disorder are discussed the relevance of EMDR for pediatrics to explain. There follows a brief description of the treatment protocol and two explanatory models for the effect of EMDR. For illustration, there are two cases described in the article. There are calls for early risk detection and timely referral by pediatricians and medical teams. It is concluded that EMDR is a child-friendly and widely applicable method is to reduce the negative effects of traumatic experiences that children experience in a medical setting to treat or prevent.

Keywords: Pediatrics

Accuracy Verified: Yes

253. Rost, C. (2003). EMDR in der behandlung von chronischen schmerzen [EMDR in the treatment of chronic pain]. Zeitschrift für Psychotraumatologie und Psychologische Medizin, 1 (3), 7-15.

Language: German

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Psychologische Behandlung von traumatischen Belastungsstörungen mit EMDR
Chronische Schmerzen sind in unserer Gesellschaft weit verbreitet und machen das medizinische System immer noch große Probleme. Auffallend ist das häufige gemeinsame Auftreten von psychischen Störungen. Die Bedeutung von Emotionen in Schmerzwahrnehmung und-verarbeitung hat nur in den letzten Jahren untersucht worden. Bisher gibt es nur wenige Studien über die Rolle des Traumas in die Geschichte und das gleichzeitige Auftreten von chronischen Schmerzen und posttraumatischen Belastungsstörungen. Diese Kombination hat Versuche Behandlung von chronischen Schmerzen mit EMDR geführt. Die ersten Ergebnisse der Pilotstudien mit chronischen Schmerzen und Phantomschmerzen Mut zu tun, um diese Anwendung von EMDR am erkunden. Die persönlichen Erfahrungen von Patienten mit chronischen Schmerzen und begleitende PTSD positiv auf die Behandlung von EMDR mit einer Reduktion der Symptome und Schmerzen in Zusammenhang stehen.

Psychological treatment of traumatic stress disorders with EMDR
Chronic pain is widespread in our society and make the medical system still major problems. Striking is the frequent co-occurrence of mental disorders. The importance of emotion in pain perception and processing has been examined only in recent years. So far there are only few studies on the role of trauma in the history and the simultaneous occurrence of chronic pain and posttraumatic stress disorder. This combination has led to attempts at treatment of chronic pain with EMDR. The first results of pilot studies to do with chronic pain and phantom pain courage to explore this application of EMDR on. The personal experiences of patients with chronic pain and concomitant PTSD are positively related to the treatment of EMDR with a reduction of symptoms and pain.

Keywords: Comorbidity, Physical Pain, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, PTSD, Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

254. Zobel, M. (2006). EMDR in der behandlung von suchtpatienten mit posttraumatischer belas tungsstörung [EMDR in the treatment of addicted patients with post-traumatic stress disorder]. In Schriftenreihe des Fachverbandes Sucht, e.V. Band 29 "’Integrierte Versorgung’: Chancen und Risiken für die Suchtrehabilitation" Beiträge des 18. Heidelberger Kongresses 2005, Geesthacht: Neuland..

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
Die Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass wir im Laufe unseres Lebens einem oder mehreren traumatisierenden Ereignissen ausgesetzt sind, ist relativ hoch: Die Lebenszeitprävalenzen von traumatischen Ereignissen und einer posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung betragen in internationalen epidemiologischen Studien für Frauen 17,7 – 74,2 Prozent (PTBS: 1,3 - 12,3 Prozent) und für Männer 25,2 - 81,3 Prozent (PTBS: 0,4 - 6,0 Prozent) (Kuhn, 2004). Menschen mit Suchtproblemen berichten dabei überzufällig häufig von Gewalt- und Missbrauchserfahrungen in Kindheit, Jugend und im Erwachsenenalter. In vielen Fällen kann ein Zusammenhang zwischen dem traumatischen Ereignis, der Entwicklung einer posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung und Alkoholmissbrauch und –abhängigkeit abgeleitet werden (Perkonigg et al., 2000; Zobel, 2006). Bei Vorliegen einer PTBS íst das Risiko einer Suchterkrankung oder anderer komorbider Störungen um das 4-5fache erhöht (Breslau, 2002).

The probability that we are in the course of our lives one or more traumatic events are exposed, is relatively high: the lifetime prevalence of traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder be in international epidemiological studies for women from 17.7 to 74.2 Percent (PTSD: 1.3 - 12.3 percent) for men and from 25.2 to 81.3 percent (PTSD: 0.4 - 6.0 percent) (Kuhn, 2004). People with addiction problems to report here than chance often violence and abuse experiences in childhood, adolescence and adulthood. In many cases, a connection between the traumatic Event, the development of post traumatic stress disorder and alcohol abuse and are derived dependence (Perkonigg et al., 2000; Zobel, 2006). In the event of a PTSD is a risk of addiction or other comorbid disorders at the 4-5-fold increased (Breslau, 2002).

Keywords: Addictions Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

255. Schubbe, O. (1997). EMDR in der therapie psychisch traumatisierter kinder, Institut fur Traumatherapie - Oliver Schubbe EMDR in der Therapie psychisch traumatisierter Kinder [EMDR in the treatment of psychologically traumatized children]. In C.T. Eschenröder (Hg.), EMDR. Eine neue Methode zur Verarbeitung traumatischer Erinnerungen. DGVT-Verlag, Tübingen 1997.

Language: German

Format: Other

Abstract:
Erschienen in C.T. Eschenröder (Hg.): EMDR. Eine neue Methode zur Verarbeitung traumatischer Erinnerungen. DGVT-Verlag, Tübingen 1997. ISBN 3-87159-138-6.
Die Kindheit, vor allem die ersten Jahre, gelten als die Zeit, in welcher die menschliche Psyche im Tiegel der Lebenserfahrung grundlegend geformt und geprägt wird. Extremerfahrungen können die relativ stabile Psyche eines Erwachsenen in pathologischem Maße beeinträchtigen. Im Kindesalter wirkt sie sich besonders stark auf die Entwicklung der Gesamtpersönlichkeit aus (Pynoos et al., 1995). Ausgehend von einer entwicklungspsychologischen Perspektive werden in diesem Beitrag allgemeine Prinzipien der Traumatherapie Kindern und Möglichkeiten beschrieben, EMDR mit Kindern zu praktizieren. Mehrere Fallstudien haben gezeigt, daß EMDR für Kinder mindestens ebenso hilfreich ist wie für Erwachsene (Chemtob, C. M., 1996; Cocco & Sharpe, 1993; Greenwald, 1993, 1994; Pellicer, 1993; Puffer et al., 1996; Scheck et al., 1996; Shapiro, 1991; 1995, S. 276-281).

Published in C.T. Eschenröder (ed.), EMDR. A new method for processing traumatic memories. DGVT-Verlag, Tübingen 1997th ISBN 3-87159-138-6.
The childhood, especially the first few years are regarded as the time in which the human psyche in the crucible of life experience is fundamentally shaped and influenced. Extreme experiences can affect the psyche of a relatively stable adult pathological degree. In childhood, she has an especially strong on the development of overall personality (Pynoos et al., 1995). Based on developmental psychology from the perspective described in this article general principles of trauma therapy, children and opportunities to practice EMDR with children. Several case studies have shown that EMDR for children is at least as helpful as for adults (Chemtob, CM, 1996; Cocco & Sharpe, 1993; Greenwald, 1993, 1994; Pellicer, 1993; Buffer et al., 1996; Scheck et al. , 1996; Shapiro, 1991, 1995, p. 276-281).

Keywords: Children Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

256. Egli-Bernd, H. (2011). EMDR in dissociative processes within the framework of personality disorders: The impact of cognitions in the EMDR Process: The “dialogue protocol“. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 5(3), 131-139. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.5.3.131.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
A theoretical analysis of the psychodynamic dimension of cognitions in the eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) protocol can be beneficial in addressing the specific issues affecting the choice of appropriate cognitions in working with clients with personality disorders. This group of patients share the biographic commonality of emotional-narcissistic abuse and neglect in childhood by primary attachment figures and significant others in their lives. Arising from these experiences, a subtle dissociation (in childhood) can cause the development of parts of self with an emotional and cognitive fixation on a self-image. This is defined by the child's attachment figures and other significant people, and has subsequently been internalized by the child themselves. In such cases, the actual goal of treatment is not primarily the event on which the EMDR session is initially focused, but rather the complex emotional and cognitive significance that the event has on the client's self-perception and self-evaluation.

Keywords: Attachment Childhood Abuse Dimension of Cognitions Dissociation Processing

Accuracy Verified: Yes

257. Tumani, V. (2011, June). EMDR in interkulturellen therapien [EMDR in intercultural therapies]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Vienna, Austria.

Language: German

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Derzeit Migration verfügt über umfangreiche Ausmaße angenommen. Weltweit gehen wir von einer 1 bis 200 Migranten (WHO). Durch Bürgerkriege, Naturkatastrophen, politischen und wirtschaftlichen Umständen die wahre Zahl dürfte noch höher. So ist es zunehmend vor, dass Psychiater und Psychotherapeuten bei der Behandlung Einzelpersonen aus anderen Kulturen begegnen, präsentiert mit verschiedenen psychiatrischen Symptome. Die Behandlung dieser Menschen werden manchmal große Schwierigkeiten. Nicht nur wegen der Sprache, sondern auch wegen der relativen Bedeutung bestimmter Symptome in einem kulturellen Kontext, ist es wichtig, Kultur Hintergrund arbeiten Milieu und Unordnung bestimmten psychiatrischen / psychotherapeutischen betrachten. Aber was bedeutet Kultur-und Milieu sensiblen Psychiatrie oder Psychotherapie bedeuten? Basierend auf den vorhandenen Studien über Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund und die Untersuchungen des Sozio-Vision-Institute, und unsere eigenen Erfahrungen, die wir klären, wie eine interkulturelle Begegnung und ein Milieu sensiblen Psychotherapie erfolgreich angewandt werden.

Currently migration has reached extensive proportions. Globally, we assume a hundred to two hundred million migrants (WHO). Due to civil wars, natural disasters, political and economic circumstances the true figure is likely even higher. So it increasingly occurs that psychiatrists and psychotherapists encounter in their treatment individuals from other cultures, presenting with various psychiatric symptoms. The treatment of these people will sometimes face major difficulties. Not only because of language but also because of the relative importance of certain symptoms in a cultural context, it is essential to consider culture background, working milieu and disorder specific psychiatric/psychotherapy. But what does cultural and milieu sensitive psychiatry or psychotherapy mean? Based on the existing studies about people with immigrant backgrounds and the investigations of the Socio-Vision-Institute, and our own experiences we will elucidate how an intercultural meeting and a milieu sensitive psychotherapy can be successfully applied.

Keywords: Intercultural Therapies

Accuracy Verified: Yes

258. Gonzalez, A., Mosquera, D., & Moskowitz, A. (2012, June). EMDR in psychosis and severe mental disorders [EMDR en psicosis y trastorno mental severo]. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Interactions between trauma and biology, dissociation and psychosis are complex. Some cases could be more biologically based, and traumatic events may trigger a psychotic episode or contribute to the low-response to usual interventions. But traumatic experiences could also influence neurodevelopment and brain structure. In some cases past adverse events may be a main factor in the development of psychotic psychopathology. The treatment of psychotic disorders with a specifically trauma-oriented therapy as EMDR, can help us to evaluate the relative contribution of these different factors from clinical results. The empirical research about the application of EMDR will be also reviewed. A relevant point for EMDR therapy in psychotic disorders is the complex relationship between dissociation and psychosis. Patients presenting with the belief of being controlled by an external force, intrusive thoughts and hallucinatory voices that comment on one's thoughts or actions or that have a conversation with other hallucinated voices, are easily diagnosed as schizophrenic or psychotic but can often be best understood and approached as dissociative symptoms. These patients can be treated with EMDR, but the procedures present relevant modifications in relation with the standard EMDR procedure for PTSD. In this workshop we will briefly describe how EMDR can be applied in different examples of psychotic patients, and based on these clinical examples (presented a case-descriptions or videos, we will reflect on the previously described aspects.

Las interacciones entre trauma y biología, disociación y psicosis son complejas. Algunos casos pueden estar más basados en el ámbito biológico, y los eventos traumáticos pueden ser disparadores de un episodio psicótico o contribuir a la baja respuesta ante las intervenciones usuales. Pero las experiencias traumáticas pueden también influenciar el neurodesarrollo y la estructura cerebral. En Algunos casos eventos adversos del pasado pueden ser el principal factor para desarrollar psicosis o una psicopatología. El tratamiento de los trastornos psicóticos con un terapia orientada al trauma como el EMDR nos ayudan a evaluar la contribución relativa de distintos factores a los resultados clínicos. La investigación empírica acerca de la aplicación del EMDR también será revisada. Un punto relevante de la Terapia EMDR en trastornos psicóticos es el resultado complejo de la relación entre disociación y psicosis. Los pacientes que presentan creencias de control por fuerzas externas, pensamientos intrusivos y voces alucinatorias que comentan las acciones o pensamientos o tienen una conversación con otras voces alucinatorias, normalmente son diagnosticadas como esquizofrenia y psicosis pero en algunas ocasiones estarían mejor entendidas desde un enfoque que las considerara síntomas disociativos. Estos pacientes pueden ser tratados con EMDR, pero los procedimientos presentan modificaciones referentes al procedimiento estándar de EMDR para el TEPT.

Keywords: Psychosis Severe Mental Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

259. Silver, S. (2012, October). EMDR in the military: Trauma, attachment and families. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Arlington, VA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop provides participants with information on the unique nature of military service, including sources of stress and trauma not commonly found in the civilian sector. The current operational environment of the Global War on Terror as well as experiences and issues of veterans of other eras are covered. Military-based trauma can be complex and therapeutic approaches often need to take this into account as well as the value systems of military personnel. While EMDR is highly effective with service members, “fine tuning” of the protocol is often useful. Family problems in attachment are addressed.

Keywords: Attachment Families, Military Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

260. van Rood,Y., & de Roos, C. (2010, June). EMDR in the treatment of body dysmorphic disorder. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual IV-TR (DSM-IV-TR) as a disorder characterised by a preoccupation with an imagined defect in one's appearance (American Psychiatric Association (APA), 1994). BDD can be treated effectively with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRls) or cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) (Williams et al.. 2006). CBT interventions which are most often described in the literature are exposure and response prevention (ERP) and cognitive techniques. These interventions successfully weaken the catastrophic expectations of the patients. However, they do not affect the negative valence of patients' appearance. This negative meaning is not inborn but acquired during life through association with distressful or even traumatic events. Patients with BDD often report stressful events as the starting point of their complaints (Buhlmann et al., 2007) as well as PTSS like symptoms. i.e. intrusions (Osman et al.. 2004). Processing of these unprocessed memories might free the way to the development of a more positive meaning of their appearance. Indeed, case series have been described in which EMDR has been successfully applied in the treatment of BDD (Brown et al , 1997). In the first part of this workshop background information will be presented which might help identifying BDD patients who might profit from EMDR and planning subsequent EMDR treatment. In the second part of the workshop we share our experiences treating BDD patients with EMDR. Clinical issues will be analysed using videotaped cases of patients for illustration. The goal of this workshop is to increase knowledge and understanding of the use of EMDR in the treatment for BDD. American Psychiatric Association (APA) (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. (4th ed.) Washington DC. American Psychiatric Association. Brown, K. W., McGoldrick, T., & Buchanan, R. (1997). Body dysmorphic disorder: Seven cases treated with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy. 25(2), 203-207 Buhlmann, U., Cook, L. M., Fama, 1. M., & Wilhelm, 5. (2007). Perceived teasing experiences in body dysmorphic disorder. Body Image. 4, 381-385. Osman. S., Cooper, M., Hackmann, A,, & Veale, D. (2004). Spontaneously occurring images and early memories in people with body dysmorphic disorder Memory, 12, 428-436. Williams, J., Hadjistavropoulos, T., & Sharpe, D. (2006). A meta- analysis of psychological and pharmacological treatments for Body Dysmorphic Disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy. 44, 99-111.

Keywords: Body Dysmorphic Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

261. van der Horst, F. (2013, June). EMDR in the treatment of panic disorders with or without agoraphobia. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Geneva, Switzerland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
At the department of Psychiatry at the St. Elisabeth Hospital in Tilburg, The Netherlands, several years ago a study (RCT) started investigating the treatment of panic disorder with or without agoraphobia. Within this study Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) is compared with Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT).
Among other things, the goal is to determine whether EMDR is an effective treatment method for patients with a panic disorder with or without agoraphobia. IN this study EMDR is directly compared with a CBT treatment. In addition, this study examines the impact of both treatments on quality of life.
As a therapist in the EMDR condition of this study I would like to share my experiences with a protocolised treatment of panic disorders by means of EMDR. During the workshop, I will try to connect theory and practice. Since a large part of the EMDR treatments within this research is filmed, I will support my presentation with video material. Finally, I will present the first results of my research.
Learning objectives: Describe if EMDR is an effective treatment method for PDA compared to CBT; Describe the impact on QOL before and after both treatment methods; Describe qualitative differences between both treatment methods; and Share experiences with a protocolised treatment of panic disorders by means of EMD

Keywords: Agoraphobia Panic Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

262. Martin, A. J. (2004, Winter). EMDR in the treatment of PTSD: A restrospective of a patient and therapist. Stress Points, Newsletter for the Australasian Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, 15-16.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is a therapy often used in the treatment of PTSD. During EMDR the patient focuses on emotionally disturbing experiences while stimulus such as eye movement or finger-tapping. This dual (internal/external) focus is combined with frequent, briefsimultaneously focusing on an external periods of focusing on new associations as they arise. Throughout the therapy, the therapist methodically rates the patient’s SUDs (Subjective Units of Disturbance) on a scale of 0 - 10, (“0” being the lowest amount of stress the patient is presently experiencing about the target issue; “10” being the highest); and VoCs (Validity of Cognition) on a scale of 1 - 7, (“1” being the lowest amount of belief the patient holds in a specific positive statement about himself; “7” being the highest amount - ie: the positive statement is “completely true.”)

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

263. Groenenberg, J. M. (2005, October). EMDR in the treatment of traumatized refugees. Presentation at the Annual Meeting of the ESTSS, Stockholm, Sweden.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
Refugees, who suffer from PTSD because of long-term, and repeated traumatic experiences (Type II trauma), can be successfully treated with EMDR, under certain conditions and when it is embedded in a broader therapeutic context.

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Refugees Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

264. Rodriguez, G., Luber, M., Hofmann, A., Marquis, P., Sprowls, C., & Snyker, E. (1998, July). EMDR in the world: Training and practice in different cultures. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Baltimore, MD.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will learn to: 1) share different experiences of working in different cultures to help therapists in their work; 2) realize the possibilities of the EMDR method across different languages and cultures; 3) facilitate development training practices that are sensitive to preserve cultural differences.

Keywords: Multi-Cultural Practice Training

Accuracy Verified: Yes

265. Groenendijk, M. (2010, April). EMDR in trauma-work with a patient with DID. Presentation at the 2nd Bi-Annual International European Society for Trauma and Dissociation Conference, Belfast, Northern Ireland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract: EMDR is a powerfull technique for helping people overcoming their trauma’s. However, most of the clinical practice as well as the research has been focussed on type 1 trauma and simple PTSD. Gradually the field is expanding to complex early and chronic traumatization and dissociative problems. In this workshop I will share our experiences in this challenging field. I will start with a short introduction to EMDR, to structural dissociation and to the treatment of DID. Then I will present the case of an older woman with DID, who was treated in our residential psychotherapeutic setting. Central in this workshop is the very interesting (and moving) video-demonstration of EMDR with this DID-patient during a period of trauma-work. After reporting on the process and outcome of this therapy, the conclusion will be that EMDR can be effective for dissociative patients suffering from early and severe traumatization if several specific criteria are met. These criteria are about conceptualization according to the model of structural dissociation, about indication, timing, and preparation of the EMDR-sessions, about adaptation of the EMDR-protocol and about integration of EMDR in the broader phase-oriented state-of-the-art treatment of DID. At the end there will be time for questions and discussion.
Learning Outcomes 1. How to integrate EMDR in the phase-oriented treatment of DID 2. Inspiration for finding creative solutions for the problems that can occur during the session (e.g. dissociation, reliving traumatic experiences, acting-out) 3. Witnessing the effect of EMDR 4. Encouraging collegue’s to indicate EMDR for complex trauma (under specific conditions).

Keywords: DID Dissociative Identity Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

266. Jarero, I., Amaya, C., Givaudan, M., & Miranda, A. (2013). EMDR individual protocol for paraprofessional use: A randomized controlled trial with first responders. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 7(2), 55-64. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.7.2.55.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) individual protocol for paraprofessional use in acute trauma situations (EMDR-PROPARA) is part of a project developed at the initiative of Dr. Francine Shapiro. This randomized clinical trial examined the effectiveness of the protocol administered by experienced EMDR therapists. There were 39 traumatized first responders on active duty randomly assigned to receive two 90-min sessions of either EMDR-PROPARA or of supportive counseling. Participants in the EMDR-PROPARA group showed benefits immediately after treatment, with their scores on the Short PTSD Rating Interview (SPRINT) showing further decreases at 3-month follow-up. In comparison, supportive counseling participants experienced a nonsignificant decrease after treatment and an increase in the SPRINT scores at the second follow-up. The significant difference between the two treatments provides preliminary support for EMDR-PROPARA's effectiveness in reducing severity of posttraumatic symptoms and subjective global improvement. More controlled research is recommended to evaluate further the efficacy of this intervention.

Keywords: Acute Trauma Early Psychological Intervention First Responders Peer Support

Accuracy Verified: No

267. Jarero, I., & Artigas, L. (2010). The EMDR integrative group treatment protocol: Application with adults during ongoing geopolitical crisis. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 4(4), 148-155. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.4.4.148.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The eye movement desensitization and reprocessing Integrative Group Treatment Protocol (EMDR-IGTP) has been used in its original format or with adaptations to meet the circumstances in numerous settings around the world for thousands of disaster survivors after natural or man-made incidents. In this study, the EMDR-IGTP was applied during three consecutive days to a group of 20 adults during ongoing geopolitical crisis in a Central American country in 2009. Results in this uncontrolled study showed significant decreases in scores on the Subjective Unit of Disturbance Scale and the Impact of Event Scale (IES). Changes on the IES were maintained at 14 weeks follow-up even though participants were still exposed to ongoing crisis. Controlled research is recommended to further evaluate the efficacy of this intervention.

Keywords: Group Treatment Human Provoked Disaster Geopolitical Crisis Posttraumatic Stress

Accuracy Verified: Yes

268. Sautai, G. (2011, June). EMDR intensive therapy (EMDRIT). Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Vienna, Austria.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Therapeutic Process seems to be blocked for some patients with strong Developmental Disorders or exposed to Disturbing Early Life Experiences (Bessel A. van der Kolk). A specific approach during EMDR Intensive Therapy (EMDRIT) using the Case Conceptualisation (Andrew Leeds), based on the Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) model (Francine Shapiro), the Attachment Theory (John Bowlby) and the Useful and Necessary Renouncement Principe (Judith Viorst) allow those patients to progress. As a pilot experience, we have been able to use this EMDRIT framework with 64 clients. Their complex disorders included, for each of them, at least 3 of the following symptoms: Anxiety, depression, primary structural dissociation, alcohol addiction, eating behaviour disorders, travel phobia, emotional numbing, affective isolation, hypochondria, phantom limb syndrome, fibromyalgia, cancer, psychological or physical abuse survivor, perpetrator of violent aggressions. For the 25 first clients, we have used the PCL-S (pathology threshold > 44) test. Their pre-treatment average score was 70. It dropped to 28 after EMDRIT treatment, down to 26 after 3 months and stabilised at 29 after 1 year. These first results allowed us to define a target population and an adapted protocol that provides client safety, efficiency and result sustainability. For the 39 next clients, we measured a decrease of the SCL-90-R (pathology threshold > 1,5) test score from 3 before treatment down to 1,4 after treatment, 1,2 after 3 months and 1,3 after 1 year. We measure efficiency on 87% of the clients and a suppression of 80% of the symptoms after 1 year. At the same time, a control cohort of 20 people with identical pathologies saw their score drop from 3 to 2,3 with the same treatment time, using the standard EMDR protocol. From this preliminary result, we are developing some research hypothesis: •Selection criteria for EMDRIT, based on the patient ability accessing Adaptive Memory Networks (AMN). •The Targeting Sequence Plan, seen as an expression of the Dysfunctional Memory Networks (DMN). •The importance of the client emotional Window Of Tolerance (WOT) for the efficiency of the Adaptive Information Processing system. •Epigenetic show possible structural brain modifications by rehabilitation of fluid links across the 3 levels of the brain (reptilian, limbic and neo-cortical). These changes are immediate and permanent. •Need to standardize appropriate scale for database, in order to foster international research and results sharing. We sea AIP model as an opportunity to move from an analytic and sequential approach to a systemic and integrative approach based on Complex System for a global understanding.

Keywords: EMDR Intensive Therapy EMDRIT

Accuracy Verified: Yes

269. Tinker, R., & Wilson, S. (2005, September). EMDR master series - II. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Seattle, WA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The effectiveness of EMDR with children can be enhanced with the use of a number of theoretical conceptualizations, protocol modifications, and specific techniques. In this master class, we will cover: understanding how attachment theory informs the use of EMDR with attachment-disordered children; how EMDR can be used on a group basis across cultures, with children scarred by war as well as natural disasters; how attunement is more important than relationship in EMDR; how resource development can be used within the EMDR protocol, instead of beforehand; how dissociation is manifested and treated with children; how additional techniques can be used to jump-start stalled processing with children; how trauma-based diagnosis relates to DSM-lV nomenclature; how heart math solutions can be combined with Safe Place; and how one- and two-year-old childrcn can benefit from EMDR. Also, participants will be encouraged to share their own experiences, techniques, and conceptualizations with EMDR and children.

Keywords: Attachment Disorder Attachment Theory Children Master Series Resource Development

Accuracy Verified: Yes

270. Laliotis, D. (2007, September). EMDR master series – I. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Dallas, TX.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Twenty years ago, EMDR began as a clinical technique used to help clients reprocess major traumatic experiences. Since then, EMDR has developed into a comprehensive psychotherapy approach that is being used to treat low self-esteem, relationship difficulties, and performance issues not connected to major trauma, but rather to networks of unprocessed early experiences. This workshop will help clinicians develop a way of thinking about and applying EMDR to these cases where the “traumas” are not so obvious, but nonetheless, a powerful contributor to the client’s current difficulties. Cases will be presented in depth with videotape to illustrate how the treatment process evolves using EMDR and how to adequately address the insidious nature of these childhood experiences. Participants will learn how to conceptualize the case over time, how to apply cognitive interweave strategies to facilitate the client’s process, and how to develop future templates to facilitate personal growth and lasting change.

Keywords: Masters Series

Accuracy Verified: Yes

271. Tinker, R. H., & Wilson, S. A. (2000). EMDR mit kindern: Ein handbuch [EMDR with children: A handbook]. Paderborn: Junfermann.

Language: German

Format: Book

Abstract:
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) hat Tausenden von Erwachsenen geholfen, die unter den Nachwirkungen traumatischer Erlebnisse litten. Für die Arbeit mit Kindern und Heranwachsenden wird das EMDR-Protokoll so modifiziert, dass es sogar bei Kindern im Alter von zwei Jahren angewandt werden kann. Ein System zur Klassifizierung von Kindheitstraumata, das es Therapeuten ermöglicht, die Reaktion eines Kindes auf EMDR einzuschätzen, wird ebenfalls vorgestellt. Fallbeispiele veranschaulichen die Anwendung von EMDR bei unterschiedlichen Traumata. Ein ausführlicheres Bild von diesem Buch können sich die Leser durch die Leseproben auf der Verlags-Website machen.

EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) has helped thousands of adults who suffered from the aftereffects of traumatic experiences. To work with children and adolescents, the EMDR protocol is modified so that it can be applied even in children aged two years. A system for classification of childhood trauma, which allows therapists to assess the reaction of a child to EMDR is also presented. Case studies illustrate the application of EMDR with various traumas. A more complete picture of this book can make the reader through the excerpts on the publisher's website.

Keywords: Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

272. Dogan, E. (2009, Ocak). EMDR nedir nasil uygulanir? [How is EMDR to be applied?]. Epsikiyatri Haberleri. Retrieved from http://www.mcaturk.com/EMDR-NEDIR-NASIL-UYGULANIR_2019.html 6/12/2010.

Language: Turkish

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Herkesin geçmişinde büyüklü küçüklü travma yaşantıları vardır. Deprem, taciz, tecavüz gibi bir defada olan büyük travmalar olabileceği gibi çok göze çarpmayan ama süreklilik sergilediği için kişiyi ilerideki yaşantısında olumsuz etkileyebilecek olan küçük ve orta büyüklükte travmalar da vardır. İkinci gruptakileri "olay" dan ziyade süreklilik arz eden "durumlar" olarak isimlendirmek sanırım daha doğru olur. Bu gruptakilerin kişi üzerinde ileriki yaşantılarında, büyük olarak nitelendirdiklerimizden daha az etki yapacaklarını söyleyemeyiz. Bu tanımlamada büyük-küçük ayrımını yaparken kastedilenin daha çok dışarıdan bakan birisinin bu olayın ciddiyeti ile ilgili görüşü olduğu izlenimini ediniyoruz. Ancak psikolojik sağlık açısından önemli olan kişin bu olay ya da durumu iç dünyasında nasıl yaşadığıdır. Kişi çocukluğunda yaşadığı ve bir başkasının travmatik olarak isimlendireceği bir durumun etkisi ile ileride psikolojik bir problem geliştirmek zorunda değildir. Aynı şekilde, dışarıdan bakan birisinin fark edemeyeceği ama kişinin çocukluğunda maruz kaldığı olumsuz bir olay ya da süre giden bir durum o kişinin ileride psikolojik bir sıkıntı geliştirmesine neden olabilir. Örneğin, babasının yaptığı şeyleri beğenmediğini ve büyük başarılar dışında yaptığı küçük şeyleri görmediğini algılayan bir çocuk bu süre giden deneyimlerin etkisi ile ileri de ancak çok başarılı olduğu durumlarda takdir edileceği hissine sahip olabilir ve enerjisinin büyük kısmını önemli gördüğü insanlardan büyük başarılar sağlayarak takdir almaya adayabilir. Yukarıda tanımladığımız anlamda, yani kişinin ruhsal dünyasında uzun dönemli olumsuz etki yaratan bir durum olması anlamında bu durum tarvmatiktir. Diğer bir deyişle, küçüklüğünde bu kişinin maruz kaldığı durum o kişi üzerinde travmatik bir etki yaratmış ve o kişinin geleceğini etkilemiştir.

Everyone has experiences of past trauma, large and small. Earthquake, harassment, rape, such as major trauma at a time, which can be very subtle, but the person to exhibit continuity in the future could adversely affect the life of the trauma, there are also small and medium-sized. The second group are "event" rather than from the persistent "cases" as I think I would be more accurate to name. In Group on the future life of these people, do not say a large effect in less than nitelendirdiklerimizden. While this distinction meant little more than identifying large-outsider's view of someone with the impression that the seriousness of this incident ediniyoruz. However, in terms of psychological health status of the person inside the world of this event or how you live. Contact someone else's traumatic childhood and live in the future be called the psychological impact of a situation to develop is not a problem. Similarly, outsiders can not but notice one person while a child is exposed to an adverse event or a situation to develop that person's future can cause psychological distress. For example, outside the great achievements of his father and his little things he did not see things beğenmediğini detect the effect of experiences with a child going forward at this time but would be appreciated if the feeling may have to be very successful and very successful in providing energy to the majority of people it deems important to appreciate the adayabilir. Sense defined above, that person's mental world in terms of long-term negative impact that this is a situation tarvmatiktir. In other words, this person's childhood exposure to a traumatic effect on the situation created by that person and that person has affected the future of.

Keywords: Death Fear Harassment Neurophysiology Rape Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

273. Terreri, L. (2008, ). EMDR nei pazienti con tossicodipendenza: integrazione tra protocollo standard e protocolli modificati [EMDR in drug dependent subjects: integration between standard and modified protocols]. Bollettino Sulle Dipendenze, 31(4), 215-224.

Language: Italian

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Riassunto, Alcuni autori (Shapiro F., Omaha J., Popky A.J., Hase M.), ipotizzano che il metodo EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) possa essere utile ai pazienti tossicodipendenti sia per avere una migliore adattabilità e funzionalità del comportamento sia per allontanare il tempo delle ricadute. Tuttavia gli studi con l’EMDR applicato alle tossicodipendenze sono rari e in Italia pressoché assenti. L’autore, con l’intento di offrire un input per stimolare future ricerche, riassume il protocollo standard dell’EMDR, il protocollo DSRC sulla desensibilizzazione degli stimoli e la rielaborazione della compulsione e il protocollo DRDA sulla desensibilizzazione e rielaborazione del ricordo del disturbo d’astinenza. Nei soggetti che hanno effettuato i vari protocolli EMDR è stato possibile rilevare un risultato positivo a breve termine tramite i punteggi delle scale SUD (Subjective Units of Disturbance), VOC (Validity of Cognition), LOU (Level of Urge) e anche attraverso la valutazione di disegni effettuati prima e dopo la seduta EMDR.///

Shapiro F., Omaha J., Popky A. J., Hase M. et al. have speculated that Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) could be useful in the treatment of drug addicted subjects, to reach better adjustment and behavioural functioning and/or to increase the time interval between relapses. Currently, studies reporting the use of EMDR with drug addicted patients are scarce and, in Italy, absent. The article, in order to offer an input to stimulate further research and increase its application, summarizes the EMDR method and considers the possibility for the use of the “Standard EMDR protocol”, the “Desensitization of Triggers and Urge Reprocessing” protocol and the “Withdrawal Disorder Memory Desensitization and Reprocessing” protocol within the Public Drug Abuse Departments. Subjects who underwent the various EMDR treatment protocols showed positive results in the short-term period, when tested with SUD (Subjective Units of Disturbance), VOC (Validity of Cognition) and LOU (Level of Urge)scales. Encouraging results were also obtained through the evaluation of drawings done by the subjects before and after the EMDR treatments.[Author Abstract]

Keywords: Affect Bridge Compulsion Trauma Withdrawal

Accuracy Verified: Yes

274. Amato, M. (2008, Novembre). EMDR nel servizio screening post-partum [EMDR in the post-partum screening service]. Presentazione le Applicazioni Cliniche del EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
L’attività è stata svolta presso l’U.O. di ginecologia-ostetricia di Lamezia Terme nella quale è stato attivato uno Screening sulla “Depressione in gravidanza e nel puerperio” che ha come obiettivo primario di individuare i soggetti vulnerabili alla depressione o PN- PTSD e di rilevare i fattori di rischio: vulnerabilità e/o scatenanti e i fattori protettivi. La gravidanza e il parto sono eventi fisiologici che segnano un periodo determinato del ciclo di vita di una donna. Sono eventi che attivano vissuti emotivi intensi e predispongono la donna ad una eccessiva sensibilità e vulnerabilità. In questo periodo la donna contatta e fa proprie una serie di processi identificativi assunti nell’infanzia che possono, se non bene rielaborati, bloccare il comportamento responsivo della futura madre con comportamenti non idonei e convizioni target inadeguate. Anche la presenza di eventi di vita stressanti possono sovraccaricare la donna a livello emotivo tale da strutturare comportamenti poco adattivi da provocare serie difficoltà nella gestione del bambino. Nel sistematizzare tale screening si è adoperato il metodo EMDR sia nell’ambito dell’assessment nella raccolta delle informazioni dal punto degli aspetti diagnostici con riferimenti alla mappa dei traumi, che nella cura nell’uso dei tices, taping, posto al sicuro in soggetti particolarmente vulnerabili. Tale metodologia si è dimostata efficace in quanto: • individua in brevissimo tempo il target delle difficoltà con i possibili traumi, • attiva i fattori di protezione con istallazione delle risorse positive, • desensibilizza e fluidifica gli stati emotivi intensi, • velocizza la risoluzione dei comportamenti disadattavi in comportamenti adattivi adeguati al maternage, al ben-essere della donna e della genitorialità.

The activity was held at the U. O. gynecology-obstetrics Lamezia Terme in which it was activated a screening on "Depression in pregnancy and childbirth" which has as main objective to identify those vulnerable to depression or PN-PTSD and to detect risk factors: vulnerability and / and protective factors or triggers. Pregnancy and childbirth are physiological events that mark a given period of the life cycle of a woman. They are events that trigger intense emotional experiences and predispose women to an excessive sensitivity and vulnerability. During this time she makes contact, and their identification processes undertaken a series of childhood that can, if not well elaborated, lock the responsive behavior of the mother with inappropriate behavior and inappropriate convictions target. The presence of stressful life events can overload the woman on an emotional level that structuring behavior just to cause serious problems in adaptive management of the child. In systematizing this screening method was used in EMDR is of the Assessment in collecting information from the diagnostic aspects with reference to the map of trauma care in the use of which tices, taping, safe place particularly in subjects vulnerable. This methodology is effective because it can show: • identify the target in the shortest time possible difficulty with trauma, • active protection factors with installation of positive resources, • desensitizes and liquify the intense emotional states, • speeds up the resolution of maladaptive behavior in adaptive behaviors adapted to mothering, the well-being of women and parenting.

Keywords: Post-Partum Depression

Accuracy Verified: Yes

275. Zampieri, M. A. J. (2012, Novembro). EMDR no espaço pessoal and relacional [EMDR within personal and relational]. In EMDR e visão sistêmica. Apresentação no II Congresso Brasileiro de EMDR, Brasília, Brasil.

Language: Portuguese

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Proposta focalizando conceitos do EMDR, Teoria de Papéis e da Teoria Sistêmica de Terapia Familiar, de modo que o profissional já treinado (ainda que parcialmente em EMDR) possa trabalhar associando ao EMDR, situações inter e intrapsíquicas. Para tanto utilizar-se-á recursos propostos por Shapiro, Kaslow e Maxfield, e, recursos adicionais apresentados por MAJZampieri no I Congresso Brasileiro de EMDR, acrescidos por novas experiências da proponente sobre EMDR no espaço pessoal e relacional.

Proposal focusing on concepts of EMDR, Theory Papers and the Theory of Systemic Family Therapy, so that the already trained professional (albeit partially in EMDR) EMDR can work linking to, inter and intra-psychic situations. To use both features will be proposed by Shapiro, Kaslow and Maxfield, and additional resources provided by the MAJZampieri I Brazilian Congress on EMDR, plus new experiences on EMDR proponent of personal and relational space.

Keywords: Family Therapy Family Therapy Intervention Combined Inter- and Intra-Psychic

Accuracy Verified: Yes

276. Moore, R. (2001). EMDR offers hope – an effective treatment for trauma. Massachusetts Office for Victim Assistance, Victim Impact, 2(1), 5.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a procedure that is increasingly used in psychotherapy to help victims reduce the impact of negative experiences from the past that intrude on present day life. Often these negative life experiences involve a trauma such as sexual assault, abuse, a car crash, or the murder of a loved one.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

277. Purandare, M., Bhagwagar, H., & Tank, P. (2010, July). EMDR on children affected by the earthquake. Presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Efficacy of EMDR on Children Affected by Earthquake: The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy of EMDR as an intervention technique for trauma victims. A sample of 50 students, studying in 10th grade, age ranging from 14 to 16 years were selected. The Impact of Event Scale (IES) was administered to measure the intensity of trauma experienced. A pre-post test research design was used in the study. The results were in the predicted direction. EMDR was found to be effective in reducing avoidance, intrusion and hyper arousal as well as overall impact of trauma. “Group EMDR With Earthquake Survivors” The current study is an attempt to understand the impact of a specific traumatic events and its expression in children i.e. the earthquake that occurred in Gujarat, Western India in January 2001. This study was a part of the therapy work conducted with the survivors of the earthquake by the group of 40 practitioners from Mumbai and was over 4 months. The paper will present the following aspects: 1. The symptoms seen among the children depicting PTSD as per DSM IV criteria. Signs of Hyper-arousal, Avoidance and Intrusion were clearly seen especially in children 2. The process used. This was a modified version of the standard 8 phase protocol appropriate for use with group work. Butterfly hugs were used as BLS. Stages of EMDR for this group: 3. Observations and a few unique experiences These include blocking of trauma image, difficulty in safe place visualizing, difficulty in distancing and using creative techniques for soothing and relaxation. 4. Impact of the EMDR intervention with this group More than 16000 children from about 30 schools were seen. based on observations and reports by teachers during the follow up showed reduction in anxiety, reports of life resembling pre-earthquake, improved attention and concentration, better sleeping patterns and lowering of somatic complaints. Impact and expression of trauma in children exposed to the earthquake: The current study is an attempt to understand the impact of a specific traumatic event and its expression in children i.e. the earthquake that occurred in Gujarat, western India in January 2001. The Butterfly hug technique for bilateral stimulation was used following 8 steps of EMDR. Drawings of children were used as their expressions during different phases of EMDR. Drawings during “ Assessment phase” depicted feelings of insecurity, a sense of vacuum and emptiness, low energy levels, a desire for contact and help, feelings of guilt, poor body image, hypersensitivity was noticed almost universally and even during therapy. Drawings, following the processing and installation phases indicated the facial expression changed to a smile. Tears which were present in almost all drawings were not noted Positive cognitions were reflected in terms of the growth and freshness e.g. the newly growing grass. In spite of the various symptoms of post traumatic stress disorder, no gross disintegration of personality had been noted.

Keywords: Children Earthquake

Accuracy Verified: Yes

278. MacDonald, H. (2010, March). EMDR pain control. Presentation at the 8th EMDR Association UK & Ireland Annual Conference & AGM, Dublin, Ireland .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Persistent pain is common in people who have experienced trauma; and persistent pain also leads to trauma responses. This workshop will focus on using the Pain Protocol (Grant and Threlfo, 2002), using a practical approach to clinical work with clients. The pain protocol is based on the Adaptive Information Processing model, (Shapiro 1995), and takes into account the overlap between the experience of pain and traumatic experiences. It is expected that participants not necessarily have experience of working specifically on pain using EMDR with clients. An increasing body of evidence suggests that using the EMDR Pain Protocol can be effective in three main ways: • Reducing the experience of pain; • Targeting pain memories; and • Overcoming the impact of pain on the individual. The application of the protocol assumes that it is possible to influence neurological pathways involved in maintaining persistent pain messages. The workshop will include a brief overview of research evidence and current clinical experience, and will primarily focus on practical applications. This will include working with imagery in specific ways relevant to working with people in pain; and discussion of case examples. At the end of the workshop, it is hoped that participants have increased confidence in working with people who have pain; having practiced elements of the protocol and discussed their implications for clinical practice.

Keywords: Pain Control

Accuracy Verified: Yes

279. Maccarrone, B., & De Divitiis, A. M. (2008, Novembre). EMDR per eventi recenti - Un modello e un nuovo protocollo [EMDR to recent events - a model and a new]. Presentazione Le applicazioni cliniche del EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Il ricordo di un trauma recente differisce da quello di un trauma avvenuto in un passato più distante, poiché è ancora frammentato e disorganizzato e quindi non si è ancora integrato all’interno di un evento coerente, pertanto potrebbe non essere ancora generalizzato e rappresentato da un’immagine. Questo è il motivo per cui per il trattamento terapeutico di eventi traumatici avvenuti da alcune settimane, o forse anche da pochi mesi, sarà necessario ricorrere ad un protocollo specifico che pur preservando l’integrità delle 8 fasi del protocollo EMDR standard, sia in grado di approcciare l’evento all’interno di un resoconto. In questo lavoro verrà descritto un protocollo, elaborato da Elan Shapiro e Brurit Laub per il trattamento dell’Episodio Traumatico Recente ( Recent Traumatic Episodi Protocol ; R-TEP), il quale approccia l’evento in termini di episodio intero (definito come il periodo che va dall’evento traumatico ad oggi) ed introduce una strategia per la scelta del target, da loro denominata “Google Search”. L’ipotesi è che l’assimilazione e l’integrazione dell’informazione traumatica avvenga ristabilendo la regolazione adattiva dell’attenzione; le relazioni parte/tutto si muovono attraverso catene associative nella direzione della differenziazione e integrazione puntando al completamento, nel senso dell’integrazione armonica delle esperienze negative e positive. L’elaborazione si muove da un ristretto focus sull’immagine (livello percettivo), ad un più ampio focus sull’evento /episodio (livello esperienziale), sino ad un focus esteso riferito al tema/identità (livello di significato). Il completamento dell’elaborazione di un trauma recente potrà prevenire lo sviluppo di un PTSD, ristabilendo l’Elaborazione Adattiva dell’Informazione (AIP).

The memory of a recent trauma differs from that of a trauma occurred in a past more distant it is still fragmented and disorganized and therefore not yet integrated in a event consistent, so it may not yet be generalized and represented by an image. That is why for the treatment of traumatic events that occurred some weeks, or maybe even a few months, you must use a specific protocol that even preserving the integrity of the 8 phases of EMDR standard protocol, is able to approach the event within a report.
In this paper we describe a protocol, developed by Elan Shapiro and Laub Brurit for Traumatic handling of the episode recently (Traumatic Recent Episodes Protocol, R-TEP) which approaches the event in terms of the whole episode (defined as the period from event traumatic present) and introduces a strategy for choosing the target, which they called "Google Search. The hypothesis is that the assimilation and integration of information occurs traumatic adaptive re-establishing control of attention, relations part/whole move through associative chains in the direction of differentiation and integration aiming at completion, harmonious integration in the sense of positive and negative experiences. Processing moves by a narrow focus on the image (perceptual level), to a broader focus on the event/episode (experiential level), up to an expanded focus refers to theme / identity (level of meaning).
Completing the development of a recent trauma may prevent the development of PTSD, restoring the Adaptive Information Processing (AIP).

Keywords: Recent Events Protocol

Accuracy Verified: Yes

280. Shapiro, F., Beutler, L., Norcross, J., Maxfield, L., & Rogers, S. (2002). EMDR research and its future: Ecological validity, process research, component analysis, outcome findings, and sociopolitical context. Panel discussion at the Society for Psychotherapy Research International Conference, Santa Barbara, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This panel presentation addresses ecological validity, process factors, methodological variables, and sociopolitical context in the interpretation and dissemination of outcome research. Since its introduction, EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) has been the focus of controversy because of its departure from existing paradigms, its non-traditional dissemination, and immoderate claims for rapid effectiveness. This panel reviews the socio-political context in which EMDR developed and its relevance for other emerging psychotherapeutic approaches. Findings from a recent methodological meta-analysis are reviewed to provide an empirical context for assessing the range of results in different outcome studies. Specific client, therapist, and methodological variables that could account for disparities in outcome are examined and implications for interpreting research outcomes are discussed. The panel also summarizes the findings of various recent studies that identified the effects of eye movements as decreasing vividness and emotionality of memory, physiological arousal, and in-session subjective distress. Findings from two recently completed studies are reported in which both process variables and active ingredients were examined. Limitations of the group design approach to the dismantling of psychotherapies are also discussed.

Keywords: Panel Discussion

Accuracy Verified: Yes

281. Lombardo, M. (2012). EMDR target timeline. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 6(1), 37-46. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.6.1.37.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This Clinical Q&A section responds to a question about organizing a client's historical information into a targeting sequence within a treatment plan that is consistent with Shapiro's (2001) three-pronged protocol. The procedures for identifying and prioritizing treatment eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) targets are reviewed in the context of Shapiro's theoretical model, and various time line models are summarized. The author then presents her EMDR Target Time Line, which provides a practical simple visual tool for documenting past, present, and future aspects of the presenting problem. It allows the therapist to note if disturbing past experiences present around a core theme, such as negative cognitions, physical symptoms, or situations/persons/circumstances. Three clinical cases are used to illustrate the form's application with various types of treatment targets.

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP: Clinical Application Core Theme Time Line Treatment Target

Accuracy Verified: Yes

282. Manfield, P. (1998). EMDR terms and procedures: Resolution of uncomplicated depression. In P. Manfield (Ed.), Extending EMDR: A casebook of innovative applications, (1st Ed.) (pp. 15-36). New York: W. W. Norton. xii, 292 pp.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
No abstract available.

Keywords: Adults Americans. Child Abuse Depressive Disorders Life Experiences Males Psychotherapeutic Processes Rape Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

283. Korn, D. (2013, May). EMDR the next generation: Finding your way in the dark [L’EMDR et la nouvelle génération: Trouvez votre chemin dans l’obscurité]. Presentation at the annual EMDR Canada Conference, Banff, Alberta CAN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In this workshop, participants will be taught to use their “true” authentic selves as a resource during EMDR processing, and to work to create a secure, responsive, and positive relational environment that supports change and integration. A number of conceptual “maps” that incorporate and build on various ideas and strategies from other trauma-focused models (e.g., AEDP, IFS, Sensorimotor Psychotherapy, Structural Model of Dissociation) will be introduced. These “maps” are provided to guide case conceptualization and moment-to-moment decision-making within a given EMDR session. Video clips will be used to demonstrate how to track a client’s progress with greater precision, using both verbal and non-verbal markers to determine where the client is on a given conceptual map and what type of interweave is needed to facilitate or deepen the client’s processing. Different types of interweaves will be delineated with a clear description of the purpose or function associated with each. Throughout this workshop, Dr. Korn will engage in spirited dialogue with participants as she presents both didactic and video material. Learning Objectives: • Develop a comprehensive AIP-based case conceptualization treatment plan that will guide their moment-to-moment decision-making during an EMDR session. • Effectively identify the informational plateaus or schema categories (responsibility, safety, control/choice) reflected in a client’s presenting issues, choice of targets, and stuck points. • Utilize dyadic regulation in working with clients with limited affect tolerance and self-capacities, with the goal of maintaining and even accelerating processing within a window of tolerance. • Apply advanced interweave strategies to address blocking beliefs, rigid defenses, and fears about internal experiences (i.e. affect, sensation, urges, fantasies). • Utilize various clinical strategies/interweaves for facilitating the expression of adaptive action tendencies, completing incomplete or truncated actions, and addressing various domains of developmental repair.

Dans son atelier, les participants apprendront à utiliser leur ‘vrai’’ et authentique soi comme une ressource durant le traitement en EMDR et à créer un environnement où la relation soit sécurisante, sensible et positive favorisant ainsi le changement et l’intégration. Dr Korn nous parlera de ce modèle conceptuel des ‘cartes’ qui incorporent des idées et des stratégies qui proviennent de d’autres modèles axés sur les traumas (‘AEDP’, ‘IFS’, Psychothérapie Sensorimotrice, Modèle de la Dissociation Structurelle). Ces ‘’cartes’’ sont un guide dans la conceptualisation de cas et la prise de décision ‘’moment par moment’’ durant une session d’EMDR. Des vidéo clips seront présentés afin de démontrer comment suivre le progrès d’un client avec une grande précision, utilisant des repères verbaux et non verbaux pour déterminer où se trouve le client sur une ‘’carte’’ donnée et quel type de tissage est nécessaire pour faciliter ou approfondir le traitement du client. Objectifs d’apprentissage: • Développer un plan de traitement compréhensif basé sur le modèle TAI –et la conceptualisation de cas comme un guide de prise de décision ‘’moment par moment’’ durant une session d’EMDR. • Identifier de manière efficace les plateaux informatifs ou les catégories de schémas (responsabilité, sécurité, contrôle/choix) qui se révèlent dans ce que le client présente comme difficultés, dans le choix des cibles et les blocages. • Utilisation de la dyade pour aider à moduler l’affect chez les clients qui ont une très faible tolérance émotionnelle avec comme but de maintenir et même d’accélérer le traitement à l’intérieur de la fenêtre de tolérance. • Avoir recours aux stratégies avancées du tissage pour traiter les croyances bloquantes, les défenses rigides et les peurs venant de la ‘’vie intérieure’’ (c’est à dire l’affect, les sensations, les pulsions, les fantasmes). • Utilisation de diverses stratégies cliniques et du tissage afin de favoriser l’expression d’action adaptative, de compléter les actions inachevées ou tronquées et d’aborder différents domaines permettant de ‘’réparer’’ les dommages survenus au cours du développement.

Keywords: AEDP Dyadic Regulation Informatiional Plateaus IFS, Interweaves Sensorimotor Psychotherapy Structural Model of Dissociation Trauma-Focused Models "True" Authentic Self

Accuracy Verified: Yes

284. Ferrie, R. (2013, May). EMDR therapy and psychiatric medication. Presentation at the annual EMDR Canada Conference, Banff, Alberta CAN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Many clients who present for EMDR are medicated with psychiatric drugs. The question arises whether these medications are helpful in the context of EMDR therapy or not. We as psychotherapists, by definition, are involved in a dialogue about mental health with our clients; therefore, on the important subject of psychoactive medication we have a responsibility to be informed ourselves and to share this information with our clients. This presentation is intended to provide tools especially for the non-medical therapist to learn how to navigate the territory of psychiatric drugs-use in a way that helps clients. Included in the presentation will be a discussion of individual case studies of traumatized clients, who had first been treated with psychiatric medication and then sought EMDR therapy; an examination of how psychiatric drugs help or hinder and how they compare to the EMDR therapy approach; and evidence from the current literature which calls into question the assumption of mental disorders being due to a chemical imbalance requiring life-long medication. The robustness of the EMDR protocol and how helpful it has proven to be to clients who have dealt with being heavily medicated and suffering from attendant side effects will be illustrated. Learning objectives: • Critique the evidence-based literature on psychiatric medication and the now insupportable information, given to clients and doctors, which excludes the findings of long-term harm caused by all classes of psychiatric medication. Participants will be able to assess the importance of the few reliable long-term outcome studies and compare the effectiveness of psychotherapy/EMDR with psychiatric drugs. • Evaluate a series of cases studies of clients, previously traumatized, who were medicated with psychoactive drugs when first seeking EMDR Therapy. • Gain knowledge of the different available protocols designed to help clients to be safely weaned off psychiatric medication. • In the process of discussion, participants will compare their own and other participants’ experiences with such medicated clients.

Keywords: Medication

Accuracy Verified: Yes

285. Shapiro, F. (2012). EMDR therapy: An overview of current and future research. Revue Européenne De Psychologie Appliquée/European Review of Applied Psychology, 62(4), 193-195. doi:10.1016/j.erap.2012.09.005.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Introduction: EMDR therapy is an eight-phase treatment approach widely recognized as a frontline treatment for trauma. Research over the past decade has addressed the utility of the eye movements, mechanism of action and comparisons with other forms of therapy. Literature and clinical findings: More than two-dozen randomized controlled trials (RCT) demonstrate the positive effects of EMDR therapy with trauma victims. Comparisons with trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) indicate comparable effects sizes. Approximately 20 additional RCT evaluated the eye movement component of EMDR in isolation, without the rest of the therapy procedures. These studies document a variety of positive effects, including a rapid decrease in distress and reduced clarity of the targeted disturbing image when compared to exposure-only conditions. Discussion: Research findings indicate that EMDR therapy and TF-CBT are based on different mechanisms of action in that EMDR therapy does not necessitate daily homework, sustained arousal or detailed descriptions of the event, and appears to take fewer sessions. EMDR is guided by the adaptive information processing model, which posits a wide range of adverse life experiences as the basis of pathology. Conclusions: Research is suggested to further explore mechanisms of action and address issues of efficiency and treatment differences. Rigorous research is also needed to investigate additional clinical applications.

Keywords: Research

Accuracy Verified: Yes

286. Murray, K. (2010, September/October). EMDR to reduce fears of recurrence of breast cancer. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR International Association, Minneapolis, MN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
How can we support women with breast cancer (BC) in their bio-psycho-social healing? Are fearsof recurrence inevitable or a re-experiencing of unresolved BC diagnosis and treatment experiences? Participants will identify traumatic stress symptoms in women with BC, and the impacton treatment, quality of life, and fears of recurrence; review the seven cancer treatment stages, and potential traumas, triggers, and EMDR interventions of each; describe phase two interventions to manage worry, develop healing imagery and promote coping and positive health behaviors; and explain how past-present-future targeting can address fears of recurrence. Expanded from 2008, this workshop draws on psycho-oncology literature, clinical observations, and one client’s EMDR journey from “coping” to “living”.

Keywords: Breast Cancer

Accuracy Verified: Yes

287. Culver-Turner, R., & Miller, M. S. (2012, October). EMDR treatment for a transgender woman: A single-case study. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Arlington, VA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
A single-case study illustrated how EMDR was utilized with a biological male who experienced female gender identity. The client presented with difficulty in decision-making and stress regarding the female gender identity expression and transition. As trauma and EMDR ressearch has indicated, the client needed to process through ealrier and recent traumatic memories in order to clarify gender expression and transitioning decisions (Richmond, Burnes & Carroll, 2012). Previous traumatic experiences included being the recipient of transgender discrimination and prejudice. Results indicated that EMDR can be a helpful tool for processing trauma and assist decision making regarding expressing gender identity and transitioning.

Keywords: Case Study Gender Identity Poster, Transgender Issues

Accuracy Verified: Yes

288. Cvetek, R. (2008). EMDR treatment of distressful experiences that fail to meet the critieria for PTSD. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 2(1), 2-14. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.2.1.2.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is thought to successfully treat not only PTSD but also other psychiatric disorders and mental health problems inasmuch as these have experiential contributions. This randomized clinical trial investigated the effects of treatment of distressful experiences (or small "t" trauma) that fail to meet the criteria for PTSD. Three hours of a slightly adapted form of EMDR were compared to active listening (attentional placebo, also 3 hours) and wait list. Results with 90 participants showed that EMDR produced significantly lower scores on the Impact of Event Scale than active listening or wait list. EMDR also resulted in a significantly smaller increase on the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (State subscale) after memory recall. Some limitations and implications of findings are discussed. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Dysfunctionally Stored Stressful Experiences Effectiveness Life Experiences Random Clinical Trial RCT Slovenes Small “T” Trauma Survivors Treatment Effectiveness Young Adults

Accuracy Verified: Yes

289. Manon, M. (2007). EMDR Treatment of family abuse: Eye movement to "I" movement. In F. Shaprio, F. W. Kaslow, & L. Maxfield (Eds.), Handbook of EMDR and family therapy processes (pp. 95-110). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
This chapter presents an inside view of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) narrated by a client who was requested to tell her story to educate clinicians and clients so that others might be healed. The client's vivid account of her emotional history, along with the description of various memories targeted in treatment and the results of her processing sessions, provide an illustration of the therapy. Her emotional upheaval and adult relationships are a reflection of the cauldron of abuse, deceit, and chaos intrinsic to her family of origin. As indicated by the Adaptive Information Processing model, her symptoms were largely the result of the earlier negative experiences from childhood that were dysfunctionally stored in her brain. These memories had inherent within them the emotions and perspectives that generated her negative sense of self and inability to function happily in the world. The processing of the memories of these early events resulted in accelerated learning and a concomitant transmutation of her personal identity and self-efficacy. An addendum to the case by Kaslow elucidates the family systems perspective. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing Model Child Abuse Cognitive Processes Early Memories Family Abuse Family Systems Perspective Memories

Accuracy Verified: Yes

290. Rittenhouse, J. (2000, September). EMDR treatment of PTSD in a biracial client. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Toronto, Ontario Canada.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will be able to: 1) identify ways in which EMDR is uniquely helpful to biracial and minority clients; 2) describe ways in which racially mixed individuals are oppressed in the United States; 3) describe how problems stemming from prejudice and discrimination can be resolved using EMDR; and 4) apply EMDR to the difficulties some clients may have due to life experiences relating to ethnicity and will develop a richer understanding of some of the problems caused by rascism.

Keywords: Biracial Client Minority Client Rascism

Accuracy Verified: Yes

291. Maxfield, L. (2008). EMDR treatment of recent events and community disasters. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 2(2), 74-78. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.2.2.74.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This special issue on eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) treatment of recent events and community disasters gathers information on the application of EMDR in situations of extreme chaos, disaster, violence, and war. The authors provide a global perspective, writing from Israel, Palestine, the United Kingdom, Sri Lanka, the United States, Italy, and Mexico. They describe the effectiveness and utility of EMDR in treating severe distress subsequent to experiences of overwhelming terror, loss, and despair. This is a vital topic, suggesting the possibility of reducing exceptional emotional disturbance, helping restore function and stability to individuals and communities. The reports from these authors are encouraging and hopeful, stimulating thought and suggesting direction and guidance for future research. (Excerpt)

Keywords: Community Disasters Recent Events Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

292. Farrell, D. (2013, June). EMDR treatment plan and survivors of child sexual abuse by clergy. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Geneva, Switzerland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The issue of sexual abuse by clergy is not a new phenomenon of concern. Sipe (1995, pg 10) states that in spite of all the good done by clergy for both children and adults there is an ancient awareness of the danger of and potential for their corruption. This workshop will consider some of the essential aspects of survivor’s experiences of sexual abuse perpetrated by clergy or religious from a psycho-traumatology perspective. It will explore the implications for using EMDR with this client group. The primary focus of the workshop will be upon the EMDR phases of: History taking (Case Conceptualisation), Preparation Phase, Implications for desensitisation and reprocessing and the wider implications for EMDR clinical practice.
Learning Objectives: Consider the diagnostic and case conceptual frameworks relating to this specific client group informed by the Adaptive Information Processing model; Outline key aspects relating to phase 2 preparation and resource building; and Explore some of the implications for desensitization and reprocessing in relation to working with survivors of sexual abuse perpetrated by clergy.

Keywords: Children Clergy Abuse Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

293. Jacobs, S., Rackowitz, M., Strack, M., & de Jongh, A. (2009). EMDR und biofeedback in der behandlung der posttraumatischen belastungsstorung - Erweiterung der evaluation des neuropsychotherapeutischen behandlungsprogramms [EMDR and biofeedback in the treatment of post traumatic stress disorder - extension of the evaluation of the neuropsychological treatment program]. In S. Jacobs, (Hrsg.), Neurowissenschaften und Traumatherapie. Grundlagen und Behandlungskonzepte [Neurosciences and Trauma Therapy, Bases and treatment approaches] (pp. 51-81). Göttingen: Universitätsverlag.

Language: German

Format: Book Section

Abstract: In the year (2007) the manual of the neuropsychotherapeutic intervention program EMDR and biofeedback in the therapy of posttraumatic stress disorder by Jacobs and de Jong was published. The therapeutic concept based on new neuroscienctific findings, which declare a dissociation of implicit and explicit traumamemory as one reason for emergence a PTSD. On this background the treatment program integrates selective modules. The allocation of information carried out by an educational movie for patients, specific cognitive-behavioural intervention techniques, which are supplemented by biofeedback-supported Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR). During the treatment the skin conductance (electrodermal activity), which is a stress parameter, is mesured. This program was already evaluated in the pilot-study. The patient pool could be enlarged, so that 28 patients were available for the evaluation. Additionally the educational movie was examined on efficiency. The total feedback was positive. After therapy-end the PTSD-symptomatology decreased consistently (demp=2.48), as well as the psychological stress in another problem areas (demp=1.30). Moreover the EMDR-method achieved objective a significant decrease of the autonomic arousal (demp=.79) and subjective an explicit reduction of the felt stress (demp=2.40), while growth of the coherence of a worked out positive cognition (demp=2.52). Three- and 12-month follow-up analysis could demonstrate the stability and sustainability of the changes. The intervention program EMDR and biofeedback was also proved to be efficient ( 19 sessions) and effective (demp=1.39) in the enlarged sample, with high

Keywords: Biofeedback Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

294. Kennert, G. (2008). EMDR und biofeedback in der behandlung von posttraumatischen belastungsstörungen [EMDR and biofeedback in the treatment of post traumatic stress disorder]. Forum Psychotherapeutische Praxis, 8(1), 45-46. doi:10.1026/1860-7357.8.1.45b.

Language: German

Format: Journal

Abstract: rezensiert von Gabriele Kennert, In dem von Stefan Jacobs und Anna de Jong vorgestellten Behandlungskonzept werden die kognitive Verhaltenstherapie, das EMDR-Verfahren sowie Biofeedback miteinander kombiniert, um die Angstreaktion im Rahmen traumatisierender Erinnerungen zu verringern bzw. zu hemmen und somit auch die Symptomatik der posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung abzubauen. Im ersten Teil des Buches gehen die Autoren eingehend auf den theoretischen Hintergrund (Neurophysiologie, Hirnfunktionen) ein, die mit der neuronalen Bahnung von traumatisierenden Erinnerungen einhergehen. Hierbei vertreten sie die These, dass sich die neuronalen Bahnungen der Traumata nicht löschen lassen, dass sozusagen die Angstreaktion in der Amygdalaregion im Gehirn löschungsresistent ist und es somit in der Konsequenz im Therapieziel nur um die Verringerung der Angstreaktion, bzw. Hemmung der Angstreaktion gehen könne. Konkret modifizieren die Autoren innerhalb des kognitiv, verhaltenstherapeutischen Vorgehens das Modell von Ehlers und Clark, ebenso das EMDR-Verfahren von Shapiro. Das Biofeedbackverfahren nutzen die Autoren als diagnostisches Instrument, um die subjektiven Bewertungen seitens der Patienten und Patientinnen auch objektiv überprüfbar zu machen mit Hilfe der Messung der elektrodermalen Aktivität (EDA). Im zweiten Teil des Buches beschreiben sie detailliert eine wissenschaftliche Studie an 16 Patienten und Patientinnen, die an dem Behandlungsprogramm an der Universität Göttingen teilgenommen haben. Hierbei sei bei allen Patienten und Patientinnen eine signifikante positive Symptomveränderung der PTB nachzuweisen gewesen. Im weiteren Teil des Buches stellen sie ihr ausführliches Therapiekonzept und Behandlungsprotokoll vor. Es wird eingehend auf die Diagnostik (psychologische Testverfahren sowie Biofeedback eingegangen, ein wichtiger Teil ist die Informationsvermittlung sowie Stabilisierung für die Patienten und Patientinnen. Danach erfolgt die Traumabehandlung mit Konfrontation und Integration. Wert wird hierbei in Abgrenzung zu Shapiro auf die frühzeitige Verbindung zur positiven Kognition gelegt in Verbindung mit Hausaufgaben, die die Patienten zwischen den Sitzungen bekommen mit eingehenden Verhaltensübungen. Die Autoren grenzen ein, dass ihre Methode nicht für alle Patienten und Patie tinnen geeignet ist, sondern dissoziative Störungen und Persönlichkeitsstörungen sowie Suchtproblematik explizit ausgeschlossen seien. Die Stabilisierungsübungen werden praktisch beschrieben (Sicherer Ort, Tresor), ebenso die praktische Anwendung des Biofeedbackverfahrens sowie das Behandlungsprotokoll für EMDR. Gegen Ende des Bandes schließen sich Fallstudien aus der Arbeit der Autoren an, um die Praxis zu verdeutlichen. Im Anhang gibt es Adressenverzeichnisse über den Bezug von Tests, Biofeedbackgeräten oder Lehrfilmen. Zusammenfassend kann man sagen, dass der Band kurzgefasst, sehr übersichtlich und konkret sowie praxisnah das neuropsychotherapeutische Behandlungsprogramm darstellt, so dass dies hilfreich für die psychotherapeutische Praxis in Bezug auf Traumabehandlungen erscheint. Das Buch richtet sich an Fachleute und ist für Laien eher weniger geeignet.

In the presented text by Stefan Jacobs and Anna de Jong, the treatments approached are the cognitive-behavioral therapy, the EMDR method and biofeedback combined to the fear reaction Framework to reduce traumatic memories or to inhibit and thus the symptoms of reduce post-traumatic stress disorder. In the first part of the book, the authors detail to the theoretical background (neurophysiology, Brain functions, a), the facilitation of the neuronal accompanied by traumatic memories. Here, they argued that the neuronal Facilitations of trauma can not be cleared, so to speak, that the fear response in the Amygdalaregion Brain is resistant to extinction and thus in consequence the goal of therapy just to reduce the fear response, and inhibiting the fear response could. Specifically, the authors modify within the cognitive, behavioral approach, the model by Ehlers and Clark, as well as the method of EMDR Shapiro. The biofeedback method, the authors use as a diagnostic tool for the subjective evaluation on the part of the patients also making objectively verifiable by measuring electrodermal activity (EDA). In the second part of the book they describe in detail a scientific study of 16 male and female patients, where the treatment program at the University Göttingen participated. Here is at all patients, and patients had a significant positive Detect symptom change the PTB have been. In another part of the book they put their detailed Therapeutic approach and treatment protocol first. It will detail the psychological diagnosis ( Test procedures and biofeedback received an important Part is to communicate information and stabilization for male and female patients. Thereafter the confrontation with trauma treatment and integration. Value in this case in contrast to Shapiro on down early connection to the positive cognition in conjunction with homework, the patients who get between meetings with incoming Behavioral exercises. The authors of a frontier that their method is not for All male and female patients is appropriate, but dissociative And personality disorders and addiction are explicitly excluded. The stabilization exercises are described practically (Safe Place, Safe), as well as the practical Application of biofeedback procedure and the treatment protocol for EMDR. Towards the end of the tape to close case studies from the work of the authors in order to clarify the practice. In the appendix, there are records of the address Terms of testing, biofeedback devices or educational films. In summary, one can say that the band concise, very clear and concrete and practical the neuro-psychological treatment program represents, so this is helpful for the psychotherapeutic Practice in relation to trauma treatment appears. The book is aimed at professionals and is for Lay less suitable.

Keywords: Biofeedback Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

295. Jacobs, A., & de-Jongh, S. (2007). EMDR und biofeedback in der behandlung von posttraumatischen belastungsstörungen: Ein neuropsychotherapeutisches behandlungsprogramm [EMDR and biofeedback in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorders]. Göttingen, Germany: Hogrefe. ISBN: 9783801720391.

Language: German

Format: Book

Abstract:
Das Manual stellt ein neu entwickeltes, multimodales neuropsychotherapeutisches Therapieprogramm zur Behandlung der posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTB) vor. Ausgehend von neueren Befunden aus den Neurowissenschaften, die darauf hinweisen, dass eine Dissoziation zwischen implizitem und explizitem Traumagedächtnis die wesentliche Grundlage der PTB darstellt, wurden verschiedene Module in das Behandlungsprogramm integriert. Dazu gehören spezielle kognitiv-behaviorale Interventionstechniken, Biofeedback-gestütztes Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) sowie die gezielte Bereitstellung von Informationen über die Störungszusammenhänge für den Patienten. Mittels Biofeedback wird die elektrodermale Aktivität der Patienten während der EMDR-Sitzungen als Indikator für die autonome Erregung aufgezeichnet. Die bei der Traumaexposition implizit ablaufenden Prozesse werden somit an Therapeut und Patient zurückgemeldet. Dadurch ist es möglich, zu kontrollieren, ob das Ausmaß der autonomen Erregung soweit gesenkt werden konnte, dass eine erfolgreiche Verarbeitung und Abspeicherung der traumatischen Erinnerungen im expliziten Gedächtnissystem möglich wird. Studien belegen die Wirksamkeit des Programms. So zeigen Ergebnisse eine deutliche Reduktion der PTB Symptomatik sowie eine starke Abnahme der autonomen Erregung und der subjektiven Belastung.

The manual presents a newly developed multi-modal neuropsychotherapeutisches therapy program for treatment of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD before). Based on recent findings from the neurosciences that suggest that a dissociation between implicit and explicit memory of trauma is the main basis of the PTB, different modules were integrated into the treatment program. These include specific cognitive-behavioral intervention techniques, biofeedback-assisted Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) and the targeted provision of information about the disorder correlations for the patient. Biofeedback is recorded, the electrodermal activity of patients during the EMDR sessions as an indicator of autonomic arousal. The case of trauma exposure implicit processes involved are therefore reported to the therapist and patient. This makes it possible to check whether the degree of autonomic arousal could be lowered so far that a successful processing and storage of traumatic memories is possible in the explicit memory system. Studies show the effectiveness of the program. Results nevertheless show a significant reduction of symptoms and PTB a strong decrease of the autonomous arousal and subjective burden.

Keywords: Biofeedback Therapy Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

296. Jacobs, S., & Strack, M. (2007, Mai). EMDR und biofeedback in der therapie posttraumatischer belastungsstörungen. Evaluation eines neuropsychotherapeutischen [EMDR and biofeedback therapy in post-traumatic stress disorder. Evaluation of a neuropsychology treatment program]. Symposium at the (R. Keller, Chair) Workshoptagung der European Society für traumatische Stress Studies (EWOTS), Hamburg, Deutschland.

Language: German

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Evaluiert wurde ein neu entwickeltes multimodales, neuropsychotherapeutisches Programm zur Behandlung der posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTB). Ausgehend von neueren Befunden aus den Neurowissenschaften, die darauf hinweisen, dass eine Dissoziation zwischen implizitem und explizitem Traumagedächtnis die wesentliche Grundlage der PTB darstellt, wurden verschiedene Module in das Behandlungsprogramm integriert. Dazu gehören neben der gezielten Bereitstellung von Informationen über die Störungszusammenhänge, ein Patientenedukationsfilm, spezielle kognitiv-behaviorale Interventionstechniken sowie Biofeedback gestütztes Eye Movement Desentization and Reprocessing (EMDR). Ziel der Anwendung des Biofeedback im Rahmen der EMDR-Sitzungen ist es zum einen, den PatientInnen implizite Prozesse während der Traumaexposition zurückzumelden, zum anderen wird anhand der Biofeedback-Aufzeichnung das Ausmaß der Übereinstimmung zwischen subjektivem Belastungsgrad durch die traumatische Erinnerung (SUD-Rating) und physiologisch messbarer Erregung überprüft. Als physiologischer Parameter wurde die elektrodermale Aktivität (Hautleitwert, EDA) erhoben.

Was evaluated a newly developed multi-modal, neuro psychotherapeutic Program for the treatment of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Starting by recent findings from neuroscience, the point out that a dissociation between implicit Trauma and explicit memory the essential PTB is based on, were different modules integrated into the treatment program. These include next targeted provision of information on the disorder correlations, a Patientenedukationsfilm, specific cognitive-behavioral intervention techniques and biofeedback-assisted Eye Movement Desentization and Reprocessing (EMDR). The aim of the application of Biofeedback in the EMDR sessions is to one, the patients implicit processes during the Trauma exposure report back, on the other hand on the basis of biofeedback recording the extent of Agreement between subjective stress level by the traumatic memory (SUD rating) and measurable physiological arousal reviewed. As a physiological Parameters, the electrodermal activity (skin conductance, EDA) raised.

Keywords: Biofeedback Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

297. Jacobs, S., de Jong, A., & Strack, M. (2007). EMDR und biofeedback in der therapie posttraumatischer belastungsstörungen: Evaluation eines neuropsychotherapeutischen behandlungsprogramms [EMDR and biofeedback in the therapy of posttraumatic stress disorder: Evaluation of a neuropsychotherapeutic intervention]. VPP - Verhaltenstherapie & Psychosoziale Praxis, 39(4), 855-876.

Language: German

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Eine neu entwickelte multimodale, neuropsychotherapeutic Programm für die Behandlung der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS) wurde ausgewertet. Ausgehend von neueren Erkenntnissen in der Forschung neuroscienctific, so dass eine Dissoziation zwischen impliziter und expliziter Trauma-Speicher die wichtigste Grundlage der PTBS ist, verschiedene Module wurden im Rahmen der Behandlung integriert anzuzeigen. Die vereinigten Komponenten sind: spezifische Hintergrundinformationen über die Unordnung und typische PTSD-Symptome, eine pädagogische Film für Patienten, spezifische kognitive Verhaltenstherapie und Biofeedback-Techniken unterstützte Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). Das Ziel der Biofeedback-Sitzungen während EMDR ist es, den Patienten eine direkte Rückmeldung über die implizite Prozesse während der Trauma-Exposition. Darüber hinaus Erfassung der physiologischen Daten über Biofeedback ermöglicht das Testen, ob es eine Korrelation zwischen dem Grad der subjektiven Belastung durch traumatische Erinnerungen ausgelöst (quantifiziert mit der SUD-Skala), und messbare physiologische Erregung. Elektrodermale Aktivität (EDA; Hautleitfähigkeit) wurde als eine physiologische Parameter gemessen. Die Ergebnisse einer durchgeführten Pilot-Studie (16 Patienten auf der Grundlage, mit einem wartenden Gruppe als Kontrollgruppe) zeigen verschiedene EDA-Muster während EMDR-desensitivation (fad und assoziative Wiederaufbereitung). Ein offensichtlich Reduktion der PTBS-Symptome gefunden (d = 2,27) sein, die stärker ist als in anderen Behandlungen. Die traumatischen Erinnerungen mit EMDR behandelt wurde weniger Anstrengung, die ebenfalls reflektiert in der Physiologie (verminderte autonome Erregung) und in der subjektiven Belastung fühlte sich durch die Patienten. Die Kürzungen der Erregung (d = 1,01) und subjektive Belastung (d = 2,55) zeigen, dass eine effektive Hemmung der Aktivierung der Amygdala-und damit der Angstreaktion selbst-aufgrund der Intervention geschaffen. Mit EMDR reduziert die Amygdala physiologische Erregung. Wir vermuten, dass aus diesem Grund den medialen präfrontalen Kortex und im Hippocampus kann eine kortikale Inhibition, die erfolgreich reduziert die Angst-Reaktion (Grawe, 2004) zu etablieren. Die berichteten Ergebnisse wurden durch einen dreimonatigen Follow-up-Bewertung bestätigt. Mit einer durchschnittlichen Dauer von 16 Sitzungen und einer nicht vorhandenen Drop-out-Rate (0%), die Intervention erwiesen sich ebenfalls als sehr effizient. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, alle Rechte vorbehalten)

A newly developed multimodal, neuropsychotherapeutic program for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was evaluated. Starting from recent findings in the neuroscienctific research, which indicate that a dissociation between implicit and explicit trauma-memory is the main basis of PTSD, different modules were integrated within the treatment. The combined components are: specific background information regarding the disorder and typical PTSD-symptoms, an educational movie for patients, specific cognitive behavioral intervention techniques and biofeedback-supported Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). The aim of using biofeedback during EMDR sessions is to give patients a direct feedback about the implicit processes during trauma-exposition. In addition, recording the physiological data via biofeedback allows testing if there is a correlation between the level of subjective strain, triggered by traumatic memories (quantified with the SUD-scale), and measurable physiological arousal. Electrodermal activity (EDA; skin conductance) was measured as a physiological parameter. The results of a conducted pilot-study (based on 16 patients, with a waiting group as a control group) show different EDA-patterns during EMDR-desensitivation (bland and associative reprocessing). An evident reduction of the PTSD-symptoms could be found (d = 2.27), which is stronger than in other treatments. The traumatic memories treated with EMDR became less straining, which reflects likewise in physiology (decreased autonomous arousal) and in the subjective strain felt by the patients. The reductions of arousal (d = 1.01) and subjective strain (d = 2.55) indicate that an effective inhibition of the amygdala activation—and thereby of the anxiety reaction itself—is created due to the intervention. Using EMDR reduces the amygdala induced physiological arousal. We suppose that for this reason the medial prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus can establish a cortical inhibition, which successfully reduces the anxiety reaction (Grawe, 2004). The reported results were confirmed by a three month follow-up evaluation. With an average duration of 16 sessions and a non-existing drop-out rate (0%), the intervention also proved to be very efficient. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Biofeedback PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

298. Saint Paul, N. V. (2001). EMDR und systemische familientherapie [EMDR and family systems therapy]. EMDRIA Deutschland e.V. Rundbrief, 2, 14-17.

Language: German

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Bei der gemeinsamen Betrachtung von EMDR mit familientherapeutischen Ansätzen fallen zunächst die Gegensätze auf. EMDR wird üblicherweise im Einzelsetting angewendet. Die Behandlung steht meist im Kontext von bestimmten Krankheitsdiagnosen (typischerweise von traumabedingten - aber auch anderen - Störungen). In der (systemischen) Familientherapie wird eine Diagnostizierung möglichst vermieden, Konzepte werden "verflüssigt", Symptome werden im Hinblick auf ihre Wirkung im (Familien-)System hin untersucht. Beispielsweise wird ein Patient als "Symptomträger" innerhalb der Familie bezeichnet. Man sucht also nach dem Sinn oder Nutzen, den die Symptomatik für die Familie hat. Insofern ist man recht weit davon entfernt, gezielte Interventionsmethoden zu suchen, mit denen dann der einzelne behandelt wird, um ein Symptom zu beseitigen. Allerdings wurde dies von den Begründern der Familientherapie keineswegs für ausgeschlossen erklärt (vgl. bspw. Stierlin et al. 1977, 16). EMDR ist dementsprechend in der familientherapeutischen Literatur und den einschlägigen Fachzeitschriften bisher so gut wie nicht zur Kenntnis genommen worden. Eine Ausnahme bildet The Family Therapy Networker im Jahr 1993, der dem Thema EMDR ein Special Feature widmet (vgl. Butler (1993) und O'Brien (1993)). Von Seiten der EMDR Praktizierenden gibt es durchaus Hinweise auf die Vereinbarkeit. Tinker & Wilson (2000, 229) verweisen auf die Nützlichkeit der Ergänzung der EMDR-Arbeit durch familientherapeutisches Vorgehen. Lempa (2000) beschreibt die Verbindung der EMDR-Einzelbehandlung mit familientherapeutischen Gesprächen innerhalb des stationären Settings und berichtet über positive Erfahrungen im Hinblick auf die Akzeptanz der Behandlung in den Familien. Ich halte die wechselseitige Betrachtung der Ansätze für sehr fruchtbar und möchte hier einige Gedanken und Erfahrungen dazu darstellen.

In the common view of EMDR with family therapy approaches, first fall to the opposition. EMDR is usually applied in individual settings. Treatment is usually in the context of specific disease diagnoses (typically from trauma-related - errors - but also others). In the (systemic) family therapy, a diagnosis will be avoided where possible, concepts will be "liquefied" symptoms in terms of their effect in the (family) system were investigated. For example, a patient is a "symptom carrier" within the family. Therefore, we look for the meaning or benefit that the symptoms for the family. In this respect it is quite far from seeking specific intervention methods by which the individual is then treated to remove a symptom. However, this was by the founders of family therapy not declared excluded (see, for example, Stierlin et al. 1977, 16). EMDR has been accordingly in the family therapy literature and the relevant journals previously taken almost no notice. The Family Therapy Networker an exception is in 1993, the subject of EMDR devotes a special feature (see Butler (1993) and O'Brien (1993)). Sides of the EMDR practitioner, there are indications of the compatibility. Tinker & Wilson (2000, 229) point to the usefulness of supplementing EMDR work with family therapeutic approach. Lempa (2000) describes the connection of individual EMDR treatment with family therapy calls within the inpatient setting and reported positive experiences with regard to the acceptance of the treatment in the home. I think the mutual inspection of approaches for very fruitful and would like to present some thoughts and experience to do so.

Keywords: Family Systems Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

299. Zobel, M. (2010, June). EMDR with alcohol addicted patients with comorbid PTSD in a treatment facility for alcoholism - experiences, outcome, perspectives. In Addictions. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Patients with alcohol addiction often report sexual abuse and neglect in childhood and/or other traumatic events during lifetime. In addiction treatment facilities symptoms of PTSD are frequently not treated, because there is no sufficient method. which could be completed within the addiction treatment period? The lecture will inform about an ongoing scientific project dealing with the question, if EMDR is an intervention, which is equal or superior to common multimodal stabilizing interventions. The project is supported by the Deutsche Rentenversicherung Bund. Patients with alcohol addiction and comorbid PTSD are divided into two groups: EMDR or multimodal therapy including stabilizing methods. Prevalence of PTSD-symptoms is measured before and after intervention and one year after treatment. Up to date nearly 90 Patients with alcohol addiction and PTSD have been treated. Data indicate, that both trauma treatments are effective but that EMDR leads to a significant larger decrease in trauma symptoms. The results of the one year after treatment evaluation are presented and discussed. Educational objectives: Addiction therapy in a treatment facility can be effectively combined with trauma therapy. EMDR is an effective method in the treatment of patients with alcohol addiction and comorbid PTSD. Most patients with alcohol addiction and PTSD show multiple trauma and need a prolonged period of treatment. What's new? There are only few studies in Germany, which have investigated the effects of EMDR in a sample of alcohol addicted patients. The presented study includes a follow up evaluation one year after treatment (currently in progress), which rarely is the case in research on EMDR-effectiveness.

Keywords: Alcoholism Treatment Comorbid Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Comorbid PTSD Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

300. Settle, C. (2007, June). EMDR with children 2-10 years of age: Practical and creative therapuetic tools derived from an ongoing fidelity study based on the adaptive information processing model. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This presentation will encompass the findings from a current and ongoing research study on EMDR with young children, with implications for clinical practice arising from this study. The clinical experiences of the presenter, which include treating traumatized children and training EMDR therapists, led to the first EMDR fidelity study on children. From that study, our preliminary findings led us to formulate suggestions about training therapists; these ideas will be explained in the workshop.
Examples will be discussed of how issues related to the therapist, client, and patient, home environment, clinical environment, and therapist training all impact the EMDR treatment protocol with children 20 to 10 years of age. Participants will also learn to identify developmentally appropriate and child-specific languaging in order to conceptualize the treatment of children using the EMDR protocol. Using Dr. Shapiro’s Adaptive Information Processing model, participants will learn to attune to the child verbally and non-verbally to understand how the child has learned to store the trauma in their memory network, versus how the parent or therapist believes the trauma to be stored. Specific tools like mapping and graphing that are used to tease out all the pieces of the EMDR protocol and develop case conceptualization will be demonstrated with associated videos. Through the use of Powerpoint presentation, case presentation, and handouts, additional practical and interesting tools will be presented to assist therapists in using Resource Development, Mastery, and Safe Place exercises in the efficacious treatment of young children. Creative tools used to identify targets, emotions, body sensation, and negative and positive cognitions, will be demonstrated, as well as measurements to aid the child in eliciting the VOC and SUDs. Also, the important of the three-pronged approach (the process of addressing targets from the past, present, and future), and how to develop targets from a child’s often concrete perspective, will be discussed. Finally, participants will be able to use a specific format for reevaluation from both the child’s and parents’ point of view. With these advanced skills in translating EMDR into developmentally appropriate terms and imaginative tools for implementation, participants will return to their practices encouraged to use the entire EMDR protocol with even the youngest of clients. The workshop, which is based on clinical experience and research, will teach creative skills in applying the eight-phase protocol to young children.

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP Children Fidelity Study Techniques

Accuracy Verified: Yes

301. Morris-Smith, J. (2001, May). EMDR with children exposed to chronic abuse and domestic violence. Presentation at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, London, UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This paper aims to discuss some of the issues of working using EMDR, as a part of the integrated treatment process of children, who have been exposed to chronic abuse and domestic violence. These children are all in the care system and are living with foster parents who know very little about their previous lives. Often the professionals caring for them also have little of the child's history and many details of what they have been exposed to are not known. The children are frequently detached, dissociated and shut down from their past experiences, though their traumatised behaviours continue to blight and dominate their entire lives and present major difficulties in their daily management and future planning. Their emotional and social development appears to be arrested by their chronic multiple traumatisation. They are also kept in transitional placements for long periods of time, whilst their long-term needs are assessed. There is a struggle to identify appropriate long-term placements for such damaged children as their severe multiple traumatisation prevents them from being able to trust or begin to form new attachments or even to develop a sense of safety. There is a nee for early intervention to treat their severely traumatised symptoms and memories, to help rid them of their overwhelming terror and fears of the adult world and to free them to begin to form healthier more appropriate behaviours and attachments. How using EMDR to enable these children to develop and progress emotionally and socially towards a more positive future is described.

Keywords: Children Chronic Abuse, Domestic Violence

Accuracy Verified: Yes

302. Glenn, S. (2011, March). EMDR with deaf clients. Symposium conducted at the 9th annual Conference of the EMDR UK & Ireland, Bristol .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This presentation will outline the utilisation of EMDR with deaf clients exploring the challenges it presents for clinicians whilst exploring the potential for EMDR. Through the use of case examples this session will outline the ways in which EMDR needs to be adapted for this population Many clinicians struggle with Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) with d/Deaf clients due to some of the abstract ideas used and the heavy reliance on spoken language. Many people, both hearing and deaf find it difficult to think about thinking, and develop levels of insight into their emotions and behaviours simply by talking about them. Deaf people experience trauma and abuse at a much higher rate than hearing people, but there are few established therapies to help them. As Deaf people do not pick up all of the auditory stimuli it is likely that the trauma or difficult experiences that bring them to therapy may have been stored visually or kinaesthetically rather than linguistically. Trauma may also be caused by smaller events due to lack of information available to them. EMDR is an evidence based therapy that attempts to resolve emotional reactions to traumatic memories and their triggers. It does this through a combination of physical stimulation and the recollection and discussion of memories. As such, it seems ideally suited for use with people who are Deaf and have experienced trauma in their past. I describe how EMDR lends itself for successful use with Deaf clients and their families, giving two brief case examples where I used EMDR with Deaf children in British Sign Language.

Keywords: Children Deafness Hearing Impairment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

303. Bisping, V. (2011, June). EMDR with patients with dentophobia. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Vienna, Austria.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
An appointment at the dentist’s is not what most people look forward to. For some people, however, even the mere thought of having to undergo dental treatment causes them to feel extreme fear and panic. Between 5 and 15% of the world population suffer from such a pathological form of dental fear, called dental phobia. Dentally anxious individuals commonly avoid necessary dental procedures for many years despite deteriorating oral health, agonizing pain and severe psychosocial problems. The majority of individuals with dental phobia recall a traumatic event as cause for the onset of their fear. Interestingly, nearly 50% of them even suffer from posttraumatic stress symptoms, such as intrusive memories, nightmares, hyperarousal and avoidance behavior. EMDR can be a very useful instrument to help dentally anxious people to cope with past traumatic experiences and to prepare them for future confrontations with phobic stimuli. The 90-minute workshop will give background information to the problem of pathological dental fear and present evidence from research showing that EMDR is an effective treatment method for dentophobia. The main focus will be on the practical procedure, which will be illustrated using video sequences of patient sessions. Learning objectives: This workshop will provide you with the following information: •a short review of current research and literature •the use of the EMDR protocol in its specific application to dentally anxious patients, with special emphasis on preparing the patient for future confrontations by working with flashforwards, future template and video check •ways of combining EMDR with other cognitive, behavioral and imagery techniques in the treatment of dental phobia.

Keywords: Dentophobia

Accuracy Verified: Yes

304. Mosquera, D. (2012, March). EMDR with trauma and narcissism [EMDR met trauma en narcisme]. Keynote resentatie op de 6e congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Arnghem, The Nederlands.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The devaluation of self and others is a relevant issue in the field of trauma and dissociation but therapy usually focuses on a victim-abuser perspective where we tend to pay attention to victims and their symptoms, and when narcissistic features are described, they tend to be considered as characteristics of the abusive figure. From this perspective, victims are described as depressed, submissive, vulnerable and usually trapped in learned helplessness. Although this picture describes some situations related to maltreatment and abuse, it can be simplistic and minimize or overlook internalization of some abuser features by victims (e.g., the presence of perpetrator-imitator parts in DID). Narcissistic features can be a cause and consequence of traumatization and can be treated effectively with EMDR. Targeting the roots of the symptoms is crucial for an adequate case conceptualization. A core characteristic of narcissism is lack of empathy. While empathy issues can be present in many people with personality disorders, there are two personality disorders that are more related with lack of empathy, and a (sometimes only apparent) lack of concern about the suffering that they can cause in other people: narcissist and antisocial personality disorder. Both types of personalities share this self-centered profile. A description of different profiles characterized by self-centerness, selfish attitude and lack of empathy will be described in this presentation. These aspects may be present in abusers and victims, in overt or subtle presentations. To conceptualize EMDR therapy in these cases it is important to understand the pathway from early experiences to present problems. Narcissism and antisocial features can be final outcomes of a neglecting environment, chronic abuse or excessive appraisal. Different attachment disturbances with primary caregivers can lead to lack of empathy and self-centerness. In some cases, structural dissociation is underlying narcissistic or antisocial features that can characterize some dissociative parts of the personality. All these aspects and the complexity of therapeutic relationship in narcissistic and antisocial personalities will be reviewed in this presentation.

Keywords: Narcissim

Accuracy Verified: Yes

305. Bardin, A. (2004). EMDR within a family system perspective. Journal of Family Psychotherapy, 15(3), 47-61. doi:10.1300/J085v15n03_04.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
EMDR is a method used to help the individual trauma victim process the psychological aftereffects of trauma (PTSD). The effects of traumatic experiences, however, spread throughout the victim's family. The case presented here describes the treatment from three perspectives: individual, family, and social context (eco-social). EMDR, used with a nine-year-old stabbing victim, was integrated into wider therapeutic work within the family. This integration widened the focus from the IP to other members of the system, allowing the use of EMDR to “spread” to four out of the five family members. The effects of the trauma on the family and its members were most effectively treated by a combination of individually and systemically oriented interventions.

Keywords: Clinical Case Study Emotional Trauma Empirical Study Family Family Therapy Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Therapeutic Process Trauma Victims

Accuracy Verified: Yes

306. Hornsveld, H. & van den Hout, M. A. (2010, June). EMDR working mechanisms research. In Research. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
It has repeatedly been shown that eye movements during retrieval of negative memories reduce their emotionality. In this presentation we will present a series of analogue studies (with undergraduate students) which further investigates the role of eye movements and other dual tasks.
Study 1 shows that the positive findings for eye movements could be replicated in subjects with negative memories of experiences of loss. This provides an empirical basis for the suggestion that EMDR can be used in the treatment of complicated grief.
Study 2 examined whether another secondary task that taxes working memory has beneficial effects, and whether the stronger the taxing, the stronger the reductions in vividness adversity.
Study 3 shows that eye movements do tax working memory but right-left auditory stimulation does not.
Study 4 compared eye movements (EM), auditory bilateral stimulation (ABS) and no stimulation. Results show EM do better (i.e, larger decreases in emotionality) than ABS and ABS do better than no stimulation.
Study 5 is a replication of study 4 in PTSS patients. EM will be compared to ABS and no stimulation. Data are expected to be available in June 2010.
Objective: Implications for a working-memory explanation of EMDR and for clinical practice will be discussed.

Keywords: Mechanism of Action Research Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

307. Fonseca, G. S. (2010, Octubre/Noviembre). EMDR y apego: Conceptualización y estrategias para el abordaje de casos que implican experiencias relativas a la vida intrauterina, nacimiento y primer año de vida de los/as clientes [EMDR and attachment: Concepts and strategies for approaching cases involving experiences in utero, birth and first year of client's life]. Mini curso en el II Congreso Iberoamericano de EMDR y Psicotrauma, Quito, Ecuador.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Keywords: Attachment Birth First Year of Life In Utero

Accuracy Verified: Yes

308. Gonzalez, A., & & Mosquera, D. (2012). EMDR y disociación. El enfoque progresivo [EMDR and dissociation: The progressive approach]. Madrid, Spain: Ediciones Pleyades.

Language: Spanish

Format: Book

Abstract:
Durante las últimas dos décadas, el EMDR se ha convertido en una opción de primera línea para el tratamiento de trastornos de estrés postraumático asociados a la exposición de eventos traumáticos, como accidentes, catástrofes naturales o desastres creados por el hombre. Mientras tanto, los clínicos han visto que la aplicación de EMDR es útil en el tratamiento de pacientes que han sufrido episodios emocionalmente traumáticos, descritos por ellos como característicos de su familia de origen, su historia personal y sus relaciones de apego. Un gran número de investigaciones y publicaciones han examinado en profundidad la eficacia de EMDR en este campo de trabajo de la psicoterapia. Por lo tanto, el EMDR está siendo utilizando cada vez más por los clínicos, trabajando con personas que sufren de traumas crónicos vinculados a relaciones interpersonales traumáticas. Es de sobra conocido que, en los primeros años de vida, las interacciones con los demás dan lugar a conexiones importantes en el cerebro, que progresivamente influyen en la sensación interna que tenemos de nosotros mismos y la capacidad de tener relaciones sanas con el mundo exterior. Las experiencias de relaciones con las figuras de apego durante la infancia temprana pueden ayudar a desarrollar la autorregulación emocional y contribuir a la formación de patrones cognitivos, conductuales y emocionales. La investigación sobre el apego ha demostrado que son estas relaciones las que influyen en el desarrollo de la capacidad de equilibrar las emociones, establecer intimidad interpersonal, así como de la capacidad de autorreflexión y mentalización. Además, es evidente que la comunicación interpersonal y emocional dentro de la familia de origen puede sentar las bases para el desarrollo de recursos, el sentirse valioso y la resiliencia cuando uno está bajo una fuerte tensión emocional, fomentando por tanto la salud mental.

During the past two decades, EMDR has become a first line option for the treatment of PTSD associated with exposure to traumatic events such as accidents, natural disasters or man-made disasters. Meanwhile, clinicians have found that the application of EMDR is useful in treating patients who have suffered emotionally traumatic events described by them as characteristic of their family of origin, personal history and their attachment relationships. A lot of research and publications have examined in depth the effectiveness of EMDR in this field of work of psychotherapy. Therefore, EMDR is being used increasingly by clinicians, working with people suffering from chronic trauma related to interpersonal trauma. It is well known that in the first years of life, interactions with others lead to important connections in the brain that progressively influence the internal sense of ourselves and the ability to have healthy relationships with the outside world . The experiences of relationships with attachment figures in early childhood may help develop emotional self-regulation and contribute to the formation of cognitive patterns, behavioral and emotional problems. The attachment research has shown that it is these relationships that influence the development of the ability to balance emotions, establish interpersonal intimacy and the capacity for self-reflection and awareness. It is also clear that interpersonal and emotional communication within the family of origin may lay the foundation for the development of resources, to feel valued and resilience when one is under emotional stress, thus promoting mental health.

Keywords: Dissociation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

309. Gorrini, Z. & Maquieira, S. (2007, Novembero). EMDR y duelo: Conceptualización, planificación y procedimientos del tratamiento [EMDR and grief: Conceptualization, planning and procedures treatment. Apresentação no I Congresso Ibero-Americano de EMDR, Brasilia, Brasil.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Objetivos de aprendizaje del trabajo: - Revisar la conceptualización de Duelo para EMDR - Identificar los blancos sobre los que planificar los procedimientos, especialmente en TEPT complejo - Ampliar recursos en los tratamientos de duelo, en sus dos presentaciones, duelo congelado y duelo reciente. - Compartir las experiencias del trabajo en duelos.

Learning Objectives of work: - Check the conceptualization of mourning for EMDR - Identify the targets on which to plan procedures, especially in PTSD complex - Increase resources in the treatment of grief, in his two presentations, frozen grief recent bereavement. - Share experiences of working in duels.

Keywords: Grief

Accuracy Verified: Yes

310. Garcia, F. (2010, Abril). EMDR y el procesamiento adaptativo de la información [EMRD and adaptive processing of the information]. In EMDR: Un abordaje integral de la personalidad traumatizada (Francisca García Guerrero, Coordinadora). Simposio realizado en el Congreso Internacional sobre Avances en Tratamientos Psicológicos, Granada, Spain.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
El EMDR se ha desarrollado como una psicoterapia integrada que se ha utilizado a nivel mundial en la última década como tratamiento empíricamente validado para el trauma. A lo largo de este tiempo, se ha hecho evidente que es posible aliviar el sufrimiento, ayudar a parar el ciclo de la violencia y abordar los devastadores efectos de la transmisión generacional. Este acercamiento psicoterapéutico utiliza un protocolo de tratamiento para acceder a los sucesos vitales perturbadores, los disparadores actuales y las experiencias futuras proyectadas, y procesarlas con una resolución adaptativa (Shapiro, 2002). Se accede a todos los aspectos de la experiencia (imaginación, creencias, afecto y sensaciones corporales), mientras de forma simultánea se da estimulación dual de la atención, por movimientos oculares bilaterales, tonos o estimulación táctil. El procesamiento de las memorias perturbadoras indica un cambio simultáneo en la cognición, el afecto y las sensaciones físicas, dando como resultado una integración adaptativa de la experiencia. Este acercamiento integra elementos de distintas escuelas de psicoterapia, haciendo del EMDR aplicable a una enorme variedad de patologías y accesible a terapeutas de distintas orientaciones dentro de una serie de protocolos estandarizados (Van der Kolk, B., 1997). En esta presentación exponemos las líneas generales de este modelo psicoterapéutico a partir de la descripción del protocolo básico en EMDR que se estructura en ocho fases: 1) Recopilación sobre la historia del cliente; 2) preparación del cliente para el trabajo a realizar; 3) valorar todos los componentes de la diana de tratamiento 4) desensibilizar el material traumático objeto de la diana mediante la estimulación bilateral; 5) instalar la cognición positiva identificada; 6)revisar el cuerpo para localizar cualquier material residual sin resolver; 7) cierre de la sesión y 8) reevaluación del impacto del evento reprocesado.

EMDR has been developed as an integrated psychotherapy has used worldwide in the last decade as a treatment empirically validated for trauma. Throughout this time, it has become evident it is possible to alleviate suffering, help stop the cycle of violence and address the devastating effects of the generational transmission. This approach uses a psychotherapeutic treatment protocol accessing disruptive life events, current triggers and projected future experiences, and process them with a resolution Adaptive (Shapiro, 2002). Access to all aspects of the experience (Imagination, beliefs, affection and bodily sensations), while in simultaneously gives dual attention stimulation for movement bilateral eye tones or tactile stimulation. The processing of memories disturbing indicates a simultaneous change in cognition, affection and physical sensations, resulting adaptive integration experience. This approach integrates elements from different schools of psychotherapy, doing the EMDR applicable to a wide variety of pathologies therapists and accessible to different orientations within a range of standardized protocols (Van der Kolk, B., 1997). In this paper we present the outlines of this model psychotherapeutic from the description of the basic EMDR protocol which is divided into eight phases: 1) collection on the history of the client; 2) preparing the client for the work to be performed, 3) evaluate all components treatment of the target 4) desensitize traumatic material object of the target by bilateral stimulation; 5) install cognition positively identified; 6) reviewing the body to locate any residual material unresolved; 7) logoff and 8) reassessment of the impact of reprocessed event.

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP

Accuracy Verified: Yes

311. Jayatunge, R. (2010, February 25). EMDR – An effective mode of psychotherapy. Sri Lanka Guardian. Retrieved from http://www.srilankaguardian.org/2010/02/emdr-effective-mode-of-psychotherapy.html om 2/30/2010.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
Introduction of cognitive therapies gave a new hope. Beck and other pioneers in CBT helped a large number of people with emotional problems. Among all contemporary psychotherapies EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) became unique. What is exceptional about EMDR? It is easy to administer, gives quick positive results and no side effects. EMDR facilitates to ease traumatic experiences.

Keywords: General Military Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

312. 小川栄一 , 青山慎史 , 東山正靖 , 谷好充 , 志和資朗 , 佐々木高伸 [Eiichi Ogawa, Shinji Aoyama, Masayasu Higashiyama, Yoshimitsu Tani, Shiro Shiwa, and Takanobu Sasaki] (2008年4月). EMDR(眼球運動による脱感作と再処理法)法の主観的安心感に及ぼす効果と脳波変化(一般発表,第35回日本バイオフィードバック学術総会抄録集) [EMDR (treatment of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) effects for subjective sense of security and EEF changes(general presentation, Abstracts of the 35th Annual Meeting of Biofeedback Research)]. バイオフィードバック研究、35の日本学会（1）、72 [Biofeedback Research, 35(1), 72].

Language: Japanese

Format: Journal

Keywords: EEG Changes Safety

Accuracy Verified: Yes

313. Shapiro, F. (2007). EMDR, adaptive information processing, and case conceptualization. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 1(2), 68-87. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.1.2.68.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
EMDR is an integrative, client-centered psychotherapy approach that emphasizes the brain's information processing system and memories of disturbing experiences as the bases of those pathologies not caused by organic deficit or insult. EMDR addresses the experiences that contribute to clinical conditions and those needed to bring the client to a robust state of psychological health. Overviews of the history, development, and research that have established EMDR as an empirically supported treatment are provided. Subsequent to an explanation of the adaptive information processing model, an extended case example is used to illustrate the recommended EMDR case conceptualization and eight phases of treatment. This approach is used to process the early memories that set the foundation for the pathology and the present situations that trigger the dysfunction, while providing templates for appropriate future action that incorporate the information and behaviors needed to overcome skill and/or developmental deficits. The benefits of integrating EMDR and family systems perspectives to provide the most comprehensive therapeutic effects are described. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP Case Conceptualization Family Systems Therapy Integrative Psychotherapy Memories

Accuracy Verified: Yes

314. Jarero, I. (2012). EMDR, el SPIA y el desarrollo de resiliencia [EMDR, AIP, and development of resilience]. Revista Iberoamericana de Psicotraumatología y Disociación, 2(2). Retrieved from http://revibapst.com/EMDR-SPIA-RESILIENCIA.pdf 11/20/2012.

Language: Spanish

Format: Other

Abstract:
Por medio de este Sistema de Procesamiento de Información (SPI), las nuevas experiencias son normalmente procesadas a estados adaptativos. Esto significa que son asimiladas en redes de memoria ya existentes con información adaptativa.

Through this Information Processing System (IPS), new experiences are processed normally adaptive states. This means they are assimilated into existing memory networks with adaptive information. [Excerpt]

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP Resilience

Accuracy Verified: Yes

315. Jarero, I. (2011). EMDR, el SPIA y los mecanismos potenciales de accion [EMDR, AIP, and potential mechanisms of action]. Revista Iberoamericana de Psicotraumatología y Disociación, 2(2), [137 pages].

Language: Spanish

Format: Other

Abstract:
El corazón del EMDR involucra la transmutación de estas experiencias almacenadas disfuncionalmente a una resolución adaptativa que promueve la salud psicológica.

The heart of EMDR involves the transmutation of these stored experiences dysfunctional to an adaptive resolution that promotes psychological health. [Excerpt]

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP Mechanism of Action

Accuracy Verified: Yes

316. Lendl, J., & Kong, C. (2011, August). EMDR-AIP update and applications for EMDRIA approved consultants. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Orange County, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Consultation is playing a larger role in EMDR training. It is necessary for completion of the basic training, for EMDRIA certification, and for becoming a Consultant. Participants will be able to cite EMDRIA’s definition of EMDR and apply it in consultation sessions; describe the concept of Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) as it informs the EMDR psychotherapy methodology; explain the 8-Phase/3-Prong Protocol through the AIP lens; and describe several coaching methods for use in EMDR consultation. The workshop will include lecture, handouts, and role-play of consultation situations, with time for questions from participants’ consulting experiences. This workshop will not discuss EMDRIA certification requirements or how to become a consultant.

Keywords: Consultation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

317. Kong, C., & Lendl, J. (2012, October). EMDR-AIP update and applications for EMDRIA approved consultants. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Arlington, VA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Consultation is playing a larger role in EMDR training. It is necessary for completion of the basic training, for EMDRIA certification, and for becoming a Consultant. Participants will be able to: 1) cite EMDRIA’s definition of EMDR and apply it in consultation situations; 2) describe Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) Theory as it applies to EMDR psychotherapy, for use in consultation; and 3) explain the 8-Phase/3-Prong Protocol in EMDR for use in consultation situations. The workshop will include lecture, handouts, and role-play of consultation situation vignettes, with time for questions from participants’ consulting experiences. This workshop will not discuss EMDRIA certification requirements or how to become a consultant.

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP Consultants Updates

Accuracy Verified: Yes

318. Lendl, J., & Kong, C. (2010, September/October). EMDR-AIP update for EMDRIA approved consultants. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR International Association, Minneapolis, MN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Consultation is playing a larger role in EMDR training. It is necessary for completion of the basic training, for EMDRIA Certification, and for becoming an Approved Consultant. Participants will be able to cite EMDRIA’s Definition of EMDR and apply it in consultation sessions; describe the concept of Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) as it informs the EMDR psychotherapy methodology; and explain the eight-Phase/three-Prong Protocol through the AIP lens. The workshop will include lecture, handouts, and role-play of consultation situations, with time for questions from participants’ consulting experiences. This workshop will not discuss EMDRIA Certification requirements or how to become an Approved Consultant.

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP Update

Accuracy Verified: Yes

319. Fredin, I. (2005). EMDR-behandling: Barns och ungdomars upplevelser en kvalitetssäkringsstudie [EMDR treatment: Ensuring the quality of EMDR as a treatment for children and young people]. Umeå University, Sweden.

Language: Swedish

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Föreliggande studie är dels ett led i att kvalitetssäkra EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) som behandlingsmetod för barn och ungdomar och dels att utröna om behandlingen bidragit till ett förbättrat mående. EMDR som behandlingsmetod för barn och ungdomar har stöd i kontrollerade studier, men ytterligare forskning behövs. I den här studien deltog åtta barn och ungdomar med varierande diagnoser, vilka fått EMDR-behandling i barn- och ungdomspsykiatrisk öppenvård. Behandlingen ingick i en individualterapi i ett familjeterapeutiskt sammanhang. Barnen/ungdomarna intervjuades per telefon om hur de upplevt behandlingen och om sitt mående i efterförloppet. Information om diagnoser, C-GAS, antal EMDR-sessioner samt terapeutens bedömning inhämtades som komplement till intervjun. Resultaten visar att EMDR-behandlingen upplevs ha bidragit till att obehagskänslor och symtom minskade, men i olika grad, för alla intervjuade barn/ungdomar. Denna förändring kunde också noteras i terapeutens bedömning och i de bedömda C-GAS-värdena. Alla kände sig trygga under behandlingen och tyckte att de fick tillräcklig information. Hälften tyckte att konfrontationen med de svåra minnena var det mest obehagliga. Vissa detaljer i protokollet, såsom att bestämma målbild, upplevdes svårt för över hälften. Alla intervjuade skulle rekommendera EMDR-behandling till andra. Det positiva resultatet talar för att EMDR är en användbar metod för barn- och ungdomar med traumatiska minnen, och att det är värdefullt att satsa på fortsatt forskning kring EMDR med barn- och ungdomar.

The present study is the first part of ensuring the quality of EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) as a treatment for children and young people and also to determine if the treatment contributed to an improved malaise. EMDR as a treatment for children and adolescents is supported by controlled studies, but further research is needed. In this study, eight children and adolescents with various diagnoses who received EMDR treatment in child and adolescent psychiatric outpatients. The treatment was part of an individual therapy in a family therapy context. Children / young people were interviewed by telephone about their experiences and treatment of their malaise in its aftermath. Information on diagnosis, C-GAS, number of EMDR sessions and the therapist's assessment was collected as a supplement to the interview. The results show that EMDR treatment is perceived to have contributed to the discomfort and symptoms decreased, but to varying degrees, all interviewed children / adolescents. This change was also noted in the therapist's assessment and the assessed C-GAS-values. All felt safe during the treatment and felt they had enough information. Half thought that the confrontation with the difficult memories was the most unpleasant. Some details of the protocol, such as determining the vision, difficulty was experienced for more than half. All respondents would recommend EMDR treatment to others. The positive results suggest that EMDR is a useful method for children and adolescents with traumatic memories, and that it is worthwhile to invest in continued research on EMDR with children and adolescents.

Keywords: Adolescents Children: Psychotherapy Trauma Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

320. Bertino, G., & Ostacoli, L. (2011, June). EMDR-drawing integration in the treatment of complex PTSD and severe organic diseases. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Vienna, Austria.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
As a complement to the strategies already used in EMDR, drawing gives form to the inner representations of the trauma, objectivising it. Thus the person no longer relates only to something inside him/her, but rather to something he/she can see and can concretely represent and modify. In the act of drawing, the patient makes an initial reorganisation of the form of the trauma, and begins to differentiate the adaptive ego, which has the tools and the ability to restructure the experiences, and the traumatic emotional part that suffers those experiences in a condition of impotence and passivity. The person may rapidly access preverbal and motor-sensory language, activating inborn creative skills. The use of this tool enables us to access the traumatic material gently, limiting dissociative reactions, bypassing avoidance and flight behaviour and setting a distance from pain by objectivising it. A protective space is created between the self and the part that holds the suffering. The patient is offered the possibility of drawing what is occurring in the self’s here and now, and given a choice of different graphic materials. At the end of the drawing and assessment phase the person is asked to note what has emerged, and a brief space of time may be allowed for description without interpretation. The represented image is treated as the inner image in the classic protocol. To start, the patient is asked to focus on the drawing, on the negative cognition and on the bodily location of the emotional disorder, while bilateral stimulation is applied. At the end of each set, the patient is asked what he/she has noticed and the therapist verifies where the person now is in the re-elaboration. If there is a change the person may either work on the drawing, modifying it, or, if the change of image is radical, may produce another drawing. After several sets, an adaptive drawing emerges that may be installed as a resource. The workshop focuses on the treatment of two clinical conditions, complex PTSD and severe medical diseases, with the support of video and graphic materials. It includes a practical experience of the Technique Learning objectives: To learn the use of drawing as a supplementary tool, through graphic and video material of clinical cases. To recognise the indications in which it provides added value to the classical protocol. To learn its use in various psychopathological conditions, with particular emphasis on dissociative states and severe medical diseases. The use of drawing as a supplementary tool within the EMDR protocol gives form to the inner representation of the trauma, objectivising it, and creates a bridge of communication between the self and the blocked parts, after which it will be possible to return to desensitising and re-elaboration with the standard protocol.

Keywords: Drawing Integration Organic Disease Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Complex-PTSD C-PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

321. Errebo, N., Knipe, J., Forte, K., Karlin, V., & Altayli, B. (2008). EMDR-HAP training in Sri Lanka following the 2004 tsunami. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 2(2), 124-139. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.2.2.124.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
On December 26, 2004, an earthquake in the Indian Ocean triggered a catastrophic tsunami. In Sri Lanka, 35,000 people died, 21,000 were injured, and more than half a million were displaced. An EMDR training program was conducted as a joint project of three organizations: EMDR Humanitarian Assistance Programs (HAP), International Relief Teams (IRT), and the Sri Lankan National Counselors Association (SRILNAC). Between March and December 2005, 30 Sri Lankan counselors were trained in EMDR. These counselors demonstrated competence in EMDR on several measures, treated more than 1,000 children and more than 350 adult tsunami victims with EMDR in 2005, provided narrative reports and outcome measures for most of their clients, and formed the Sri Lanka EMDR Association (SEA). The crucial steps in establishing and implementing this training program are explained, with a summary of the subjective impressions and learning experiences most valued by the training team, including an excerpt from a trainer's journal. This information may be useful to future cross-cultural humanitarian efforts following large-scale disasters. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Children Cross-Cultural Treatment Humanitarian Efforts Indian Ocean Tsunami Mental Health Personnel Personal Narrative Professional Training Sri Lanka Sri Lankans Survivors Treatment Effectiveness Tsunamis

Accuracy Verified: Yes

322. Eschenroder, C. T. (2003). EMDR. La nuova tecnica sul movimento guidato degli occhi che fa superare traumi, fobie e ansia [EMDR. The new technique on the guided movement of the eyes that overcomes trauma, phobias and anxiety]. Red Edizioni, collana L'altra medicin, Libreria Universitaria.

Language: Italian

Format: Book

Abstract:
Emdr è una nuova psicoterapia che mediante precisi movimenti degli occhi, guidati dalle dita del terapeuta, permette in poco tempo di superare positivamente i traumi dovuti a esperienze particolarmente dolorose: incidenti gravi, abusi, violenze. Ma il suo campo di intervento si è ora allargato fino a comprendere le fobie, gli attacchi di panico, i disturbi dell'alimentazione, le tossicodipendenze.

EMDR is a psychotherapy that new form of specific eye movements, led by the fingers of the therapist, brings us quickly to overcome the traumas caused by positive experiences particularly painful accidents, abuse, violence. But its field of action has now expanded to include phobias, panic attacks, eating disorders, drug addiction.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

323. Hofmann, A. (1996). EMDR: Eine neue methode zur behandlung posttraumatischer belastungsstoerungen [Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: A new treatment method for post-traumatic stress disorder]. Psychotherapeut, 41(6), 368-372. doi:10.1007/s002780050045.

Language: German

Format: Journal

Abstract:
8 stationäre Patienten mit chronischen PTSD wurden mit einem Durchschnitt von 4 Sitzungen der Augenbewegung Desensibilisierung und Wiederaufbereitung (EMDR) behandelt, eine neue Behandlungsmethode. Konkordant mit anderen Fallberichten und Studien, 7 der Patienten berichteten eine deutliche Entlastung von 17 schmerzhaften Erinnerungen verarbeitet, das war in der signifikanten Abnahme der Suds (subjektive Einheiten des Unbehagens, einer Skala von 0-10 dargestellt) von durchschnittlich 6,5 bis 0,9 nach der Behandlung mit EMDR (P <0,001). Dies wurde durch einen Rückgang in anderen Symptome und eine Verbesserung der negativen Selbst-bezogene Denken einher. 1 Patient zeigte keine Besserung. In einem Drittel der Erinnerungen verarbeitet werden, einen starken Anstieg der Suds (Rückblende) aufgetreten war und aufbereitet werden. Die positiven therapeutischen Wirkungen waren stabil 3 und 6 Monate nach der Behandlung, in 2 Fällen, berichtet nach einem Jahr zeigten anhaltende positive Ergebnisse. Keine negativen Ergebnisse der Behandlung berichtet wurden. Es wird vorgeschlagen, dass EMDR könnte ein nützliches Instrument bei der Behandlung von Patienten mit chronischer PTBS werden. Das Verfahren passte gut in einer psychodynamisch orientierten stationären Bereich. Diese Kombination schien zu helfen, speziell bei der Behandlung von Trauma-Patienten mit eingeschränkter Ich-Stärke. [Autor Zusammenfassung]

8 inpatients with chronic PTSD were treated with an average of 4 sessions of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), a new treatment method. Concordant with other case reports and studies, 7 of the patients reported a significant relief of 17 processed painful memories; this was shown in the significant decrease of SUDs (subjective units of discomfort, a 0-10 scale) from an average of 6.5 to 0.9 after treatment with EMDR (P < 0.001). This was paralleled by a decrease in other symptoms and an improvement in negative self-related thinking. 1 patient showed no improvement. In one third of the memories processed, a strong increase in SUDs (flashback) occurred and was reprocessed. The positive therapeutic effects were stable 3 and 6 months after treatment, In 2 cases, reports after a year showed persistent positive results. No negative results of the treatment were reported. It is suggested that EMDR could be a useful instrument in the treatment of patients with chronic PTSD. The procedure fitted well in a psychodynamically oriented inpatient setting. This combination seemed to help specifically in the treatment of trauma patients with impaired ego strength. [Author Summary]

Keywords: Adults Empirical Study Longitudinal Study Psychiatric Inpatients PTSD Stressors Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

324. Dyregrov, A. (1993, Oktober). EMDR: Ny metode for traumebehandling [EMDR: A new method in the treatment of trauma]. Tidsskrift for Norsk Psykologforening, 30(10), 975-981.

Language: Norwegian

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Francine Shapiro 'metoden av "Eye Movement desensitivisering og gjenvinning" er beskrevet, illustrert med vellykket behandling av tre saker etter væpnet ran (to) og plutselig død. Rask reduksjon av påtrengende bilder fulgte behandlingen. En kritisk gjennomgang av litteraturen er foretatt, og ulike metodiske begrensninger i de eksisterende studiene er noted.Although det teoretiske grunnlaget er tvilsomt, og det er alvorlige metodologiske begrensninger i studiene som finnes, kliniske erfaringer med metoden viser svært gode resultater. Klinikere oppfordres til å oppsøke mer kunnskap om metoden, så vel som bruk systematiske metoder for å studere resultatene. [Forfatter sammendrag]

Francine Shapiro's method of "Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing" is described, illustrated with the successful treatment of three cases following armed robbery (two) and sudden death. Rapid reduction of intrusive images followed the treatment. A critical review of the literature is undertaken, and different methodological limitations in the existing studies are noted.Although the theoretical foundation is questionable, and there are serious methodological limitations in the studies that exist, clinical experiences with the method indicate very favourable results. Clinicians are encouraged to seek out more knowledge about the method, as well as use systematic methods to study its results. [Author abstract]

Keywords: Bereavement Empirical Study Eye Movements Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Robbery Survivors Systematic Desensitization

Accuracy Verified: Yes

325. Balbo, M. (2006). EMDR: Uno strumento di dialogo fra le psicoterapie [EMDR: A tool for dialogue among the psychotherapies]. Milano: McGraw-Hill.

Language: Italian

Format: Book

Abstract:
Negli ultimi anni, con l’affermarsi dell’EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing) come approccio terapeutico consolidato, sono stati formati nel mondo più di 80.000 terapeuti di matrice psicoterapeutica diversa, 1600 soltanto in Italia. Un così ampio interesse per questo metodo potrebbe far rilevare che proprio nell’EMDR i terapeuti, seppure di differente formazione, abbiano ricercato e intravisto uno strumento per poter avviare un dialogo, costruttivo e non soltanto oppositivo, iniziando a considerare la patologia attraverso un nuovo e integrante punto di vista. Il paradigma dell’Elaborazione Adattiva dell’Informazione messo a punto da Francine Shapiro parte dal presupposto che i fenomeni patologici dipendono da esperienze disturbanti del passato che avviano un modello permanente di emozioni, cognizioni, comportamenti e le strutture di identità che ne conseguono. Il paradigma, pertanto, offre una teoria unificante che può essere considerata come substrato per tutti gli orientamenti terapeutici quando si definisce la patologia come informazione immagazzinata in modo disfunzionale e che può essere adeguatamente integrata attraverso un sistema di elaborazione e risoluzione adattiva, attivato attraverso il protocollo EMDR. Questo è il primo testo che affronti il tema assai vivo e di attualità dell’integrazione fra i diversi orientamenti psicoterapeutici attraverso un metodo eclettico quale l’EMDR. I contributi degli autori - rappresentanti delle principali scuole di pensiero attualmente presenti nel mondo della psicoterapia italiana - tracciano un percorso di lettura che dimostra come i costrutti teorici e il protocollo EMDR siano compatibili ed efficacemente integrabili con i maggiori nuclei teorici, tradizionali e innovativi. E sono proprio l’elaborazione dei vissuti e i nuovi e più adattivi insight dei pazienti che si attivano attraverso l’approccio EMDR a poter consentire ai terapeuti di capirsi e di utilizzare un linguaggio comune.

In recent years, with l’affermarsi dell’EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing) as consolidated therapeutic approach have been trained in the world of 80,000 practitioners of different psicoterapeutica array, 1600 only in Italy. A so broad interest for this method could detect that your nell’EMDR therapists, albeit different training, have looked up and saw a tool to be able to start a constructive dialogue and not only oppositivo, beginning to consider the disease through a new and an integral point of view. The Adaptive Information Processing model paradigm made to point by Francine Shapiro part from the assumption that the pathological phenomena depend on disturbing experiences of the past that initiate a permanent model of emotions, knowledge, attitudes and structures of identity that it entails. The paradigm, therefore, provides a unifying theory that can be considered as a substrate for all therapeutic guidelines when you define the pathology as information stored so dysfunctional and can be adequately integrated through a system of processing and adaptive resolution activated through the EMDR protocol. This is the first text that tackles the issue very live and topical dell’integrazione between the different psychotherapy guidelines through an eclectic method such as EMDR. Contributions by authors - representatives of major schools of thought are currently in the world of Italian psychotherapy - draw a path of reading that shows how the theoretical constructs and EMDR Protocol are compatible and effectively integrate with the more theoretical, traditional and innovative nuclei. And its elaboration of the living and the new and more adaptive insight of patients that trigger through EMDR to allow practitioners understand you and use a common language.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

326. Βεντουράτου, Δ. [Ventouratos, D.]. (2005). EMDR: Μια νέα μέθοδος για την επεξεργασία τραυματικών εμπειριών [EMDR: A new method for the treatment of traumatic experiences]. Τετράδια Ψυχιατρικής [Notebooks of Psychiatry], 92, 4.

Language: Greek

Format: Journal

Abstract:
EMDR (Eye Movement Απευαισθητοποίηση και επανεπεξεργασίας - απευαισθητοποίηση οφθαλμοκινητικών και επανεπεξεργασίας) είναι μια νεότερη (ανακαλύφθηκε από τον F. Shapiro το 1989-1991) και ίσως πιο αποτελεσματική θεραπευτική μέθοδος για τη θεραπεία του μετατραυματικού στρες, όπως αποδεικνύεται από πλήθος ερευνών. Σε διεθνές επίπεδο αναγνωρίζεται τόσο από το APA (American Psychological Association), καθώς και η ISTSS (International Society for μετατραυματικού στρες Σπουδών), και ήδη 53.000 θεραπευτές σε όλο τον κόσμο έχουν εκπαιδευτεί στην αίτηση. Μετά από μια παρουσίαση σχετικά με τις αρχές και την θεραπευτική μέθοδο EMDR, θα αναφερθώ εν συντομία σε κάποια έρευνα που αποδεικνύουν την αποτελεσματικότητα. Τέλος, η παρουσίαση της κλινικής εκδήλωσης έχει ως στόχο να δώσουμε μια ιδέα της μεθόδου στην πράξη.

The EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing - oculomotor desensitization and reprocessing) is a newer (discovered by F. Shapiro in 1989-1991) and perhaps more effective therapeutic method to treat PTSD, as evidenced by a multitude of investigations. At international level recognized by both the APA (American Psychological Association), and the ISTSS (International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies), and already 53,000 therapists throughout the world have trained in the application. After a presentation on the principles and therapeutic method EMDR, we briefly introduce some research demonstrating effectiveness. Finally, the presentation of a clinical event aims To give an idea of the method in practice.

Keywords: Trauma Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

327. Morris-Smith, J. (2002). EMDR: A case for pre-verbal memory?. In J. Morris-Smith, (Ed.), EMDR : Clinical applications with children, Occasional paper no. 19 (pp. 23-29) London: The Association for Child Psychology and Psychiatry.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
The use of EMDR with children aged 4 years and over who have been exposed to physical abuse, disasters and other traumatic incidents in their infancy and early childhood is beginning to reveal some interesting material. The characteristics of the play and behaviours of traumatized young children were described by Terr (1991). It is suggested that the use of EMDR as a treatment approach is indicative that long-term retention for pre-verbal traumatic events does occur for children traumatised in infancy and perhaps even in the womb. This presentation presents two cases treated by EMDR in which it appears that the children are accessing and processing experiences that occurred too early in development to be encoded with language. EMDR helps these children access and process very early traumatisation and in some cases they are then able to report on them verbally. It is hypothesized that the EMDR technique helps create a verbal narrative for the early memories, and that this allows the child to process and integrate their sensations, emotions and cognitions within a more coherent personal biography. The ability of EMDR to help a child to process and bring to resolution hitherto almost inaccessible infantile memories particularly those relating to abuse, has enormous implications for the child's ability to move on and form healthier attachments and more construction behaviour patterns. It suggests new avenues for research into infantile traumatic memories and their impact on the developing child.

Keywords: Memory Occasional Paper Pre-verbal

Accuracy Verified: Yes

328. Shapiro, F. (2008). EMDR: Desensibilización y reprocesamiento por medio de movimiento ocular [EMDR: Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing]. Santa Cruz Atoyac: Pax Mex Editorial.

Language: Spanish

Format: Book

Abstract:
En tan solo unos cuantos años, el modo EMDR se ha convertido en el tratamiento más elaborado para el desorden de estrés postraumático (entre otras perturbaciones). El método EMDR es un tratamiento legítimo y poderoso. Modelo integral y eficiente en el tratamiento de experiencias perturbadoras, el método EMDR incorpora diversos aspectos de terapias sistémicas, psicodinámicas, experienciales, conductuales y corporales. Consiste en ocho fases que comprenden el uso de movimientos oculares y otras formas de estimulación izquierda-derecha. Es eficaz para tratar el desorden de estrés postraumático y reprocesar pensamientos y recuerdos perturbadores o problemas psicológicos de sobrevivientes de traumas, de abuso sexual, de crímenes, de combate bélico, así como de fobias y desórdenes causados por experiencias vivenciales y proporciona en poco tiempo efectos clínicos profundos y estables. Con descripciones y transcripciones detalladas, la autora guía al clínico por cada etapa del tratamiento terapéutico, desde la selección de los clientes hasta la aplicación del método y su integración dentro de un plan integral de tratamiento clínico. Escrito de manera accesible, este libro es una guía invaluable tanto para los clínicos experimentados en el tratamiento EMDR como para las personas que acaban de conocer el método, y para los estudiantes avanzados de psicología clínica y psicoterapia.

In just a few years, mode EMDR has become more elaborate treatment for PTSD (among other disturbances) clutter. The methodEMDR is a legitimate and powerful treatment. Comprehensive and efficient model in the treatment of disturbing experiences, the methodEMDR incorporates aspects of systemic therapies, psychodynamic, experienciales, behavioural and body. Consists of eight phases comprising the use of eye movements and other forms of left-right stimulation. It is effective in treating post-traumatic stress disorder and re-processing thoughts and disturbing memories or psychological problems of survivors of trauma, sexual abuse, of crimes, war combat, as well as phobias and disorders caused by vivenciales experiences and provides deep and stable clinical effects in a short time. With descriptions and detailed transcripts, the author guides the clinical through every stage of therapeutic, treatment from clients to the implementation of the method and their integration within a comprehensive clinical treatment plan selection. Written in an accessible manner, this book is an invaluable guide for clinicians in the treatmentEMDR as for people just know the method and for advanced students of clinical psychology and psychotherapy.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

329. Eschenroder, C. T. (1997). EMDR: Eine neue methode zur verarbeitung traumatischer erinnerungen [EMDR: A new method for the processing of traumatic memories]. Tübingen, Germany: Dgvt-Verlag..

Language: German

Format: Book

Abstract:
Die von Francine Shapiro entwickelte innovative EMDR-Methode (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing/Augenbewegungs-Desensibilisierung und Neubearbeitung) hat in der Fachwelt großes Aufsehen erregt, so sehr grenzte sie an Zauberei. Ursprünglich für die Behandlung von Trauma-Opfern gedacht, erschließen sich mittlerweile weitere Anwendungsbereiche. Was ist davon zu halten? Dieser Frage wird im vorliegenden Band beantwortet, der über den aktuellen Stand des Wissens zur EMDR informiert und zahlreiche Anwendungsbeispiele aus unterschiedlichen Bereichen und psychotherapeutischen Schulen vorstellt. Es zeigt sich, daß EMDR vor allem bei der Verarbeitung vergangener belastender Erlebnisse in manchen Fällen in erstaunlich kurzer Zeit zu einem Abklingen negativer Emotionen sowie zu neuen Einsichten und spontanen Veränderungen von Vorstellungsbildern führt.

The innovative, developed by Francine Shapiro EMDR method (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) / eye movement desensitization and revision in the professional world has a great sensation, much as it bordered on magic. Originally developed for the treatment of trauma victims intended to open up further application areas now. What should we make of it? This question is answered in this volume, which informs about the current state of knowledge on EMDR and presents numerous examples from different fields and schools of psychotherapy. It turns out that EMDR leads mainly to the processing of past stressful experiences, in some cases in a remarkably short time, a decay of negative emotions, leading to new insights and changes of spontaneous mental images.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

330. Solomon, E. P., Solomon, R. M., & Heide, K. M. (2009, October). EMDR: An evidence-based treatment for victims of trauma. Victims & Offenders, 4(4), 391 - 397. doi:10.1080/15564880903227495.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
More than half of the United States population has been affected by psychological trauma. Many individuals who survive traumatic experiences develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and related psychological problems. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is an effective treatment for such disorders. EMDR focuses on reprocessing the dysfunctionally stored memories of the traumatic experience, enabling the client to progress through appropriate stages of affect and insight to reach an adaptive resolution regarding critical issues such as personal responsibility, safety in the present, and the availability of choices in the future. This article describes EMDR, discusses studies of its effectiveness, and concludes with recommendations for trauma-related policy and practice.

Keywords: Child Abuse Crime Victims Evidence-Based Treatment Postraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Trauma Traumatic Stress

Accuracy Verified: Yes

331. Derksen, M. T., & Baeten, B. M. (2010, April). EMDR: Kijken met een diagnostische 'traumabril' in de ziekenhuispsychiatrie [EMDR: A diagnostic check with trauma glasses' in the psychiatric hospital]. Presentatie op het 38ste Voorjaarscongres Nederlandse Vereniging voor Psychiatrie, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Inhoud van de workshop: EMDR (eye movement desentization and reprocessing) is een intensieve vorm van psychotherapie voor mensen die last houden van de gevolgen van een (of meerdere) schokkende ervaring(en). Een deel van de getroffenen verwerkt deze ervaringen op eigen kracht, anderen ontwikkelen psychische klachten. Juist deze klachten in het hier en nu als gevolg van een schokkende gebeurtenis in het verleden maken de gebeurtenis tot een traumatische gebeurtenis. Een ogenschijnlijk eenvoudige medische ingreep kan leiden tot reactivering van eerdere traumatische ervaringen. De kern van deze workshop is het leren herkennen en vaststellen van de 'ontwrichtende ervaringen' die van blijvende invloed zijn op het functioneren van de patiënt. Verder wordt aandacht besteed aan het diagnostisch leren kijken met een 'traumabril' en het leren kennen van het indicatiegebied van emdr binnen de ziekenhuispsychiatrie. emdr is volgens internationale en nationale richtlijnen de behandeling van eerste keus bij PTSS. EMDR kan ook toegepast worden bij traumagerelateerde stoornissen die niet per se hoeven te voldoen aan de diagnose ptss, zoals bij angststoornissen, eetstoornissen, pijnstoornissen, somatoforme stoornissen, seksuele stoornissen en verslaving. De bijzondere kenmerken en effecten van emdr worden besproken. Gecontroleerde effectstudies laten zien dat EMDR even effectief of effectiever is dan de huidige meest effectieve therapievorm, de cognitieve gedragstherapie. EMDR-behandeling is bovendien sneller en minder belastend voor patiënten. Vorm: Presentatie, geïllustreerd met videobeelden, tijd voor vragen en een interactieve discussie. Leerdoelen: Na de workshop kunnen de deelnemers kijken met de diagnostische 'traumabril', hebben zij inzicht in het brede indicatiegebied van EMDR en hebben zij kennis van deze vorm van psychotherapie en de plaats van EMDR binnen de psychotherapie.

Contents of the workshop: EMDR (eye movement desentization and reprocessing) is an intensive form of psychotherapy for people to suffer from the effects of one (or more) shocking experience (s). Some of the affected processes these experiences on their own, others developed psychological problems. Precisely these problems in the here and now because of a shocking event in the past to make the event a traumatic event. A seemingly simple medical intervention can lead to reactivation of previous traumatic experiences. The core of this workshop is learning to recognize and identify the "disruptive experiences" of lasting impact on the functioning of the patient. Attention is paid to the diagnostic learning to look with an "eye trauma 'and getting to know the indication of EMDR in the psychiatry hospital. EMDR has been under international and national guidelines the treatment of choice for PTSD. EMDR can also be applied to trauma-related disorders that do not necessarily have to meet the PTSD diagnosis, such as anxiety disorders, eating disorders, pain disorders, somatoform disorders, sexual disorders and addictions. The particular characteristics and effects of EMDR are discussed. Controlled Impact studies show that EMDR is as effective or more effective than the current most effective form of therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy. EMDR treatment is faster and less stressful for patients. Methods: Presentation, illustrated with video, an interactive time for questions and discussion. Objective: After the workshop the participants can see the diagnostic trauma spectacles, they understand the broad indication in EMDR and have knowledge of this form of psychotherapy and the place of EMDR in psychotherapy.

Keywords: Hospital

Accuracy Verified: Yes

332. de Jongh, A., & Latenstein, E. (2006). EMDR: Kortdurende behandelmethode voor de gevolgen van beschadigende ervaringen [EMDR: Short-term treatment for the consequences of damaging experiences]. In E. Lamers, F. Bosch, L. Hinderink, & C. Verschuren (Red), Psychologie in de eerste lijn (pp. 223-227). Harcourt Publishers.

Language: Dutch

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
No abstract available.

Keywords: Short-Term Therapy Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

333. Carvalho, E. R., & Monteiro, A. M. (2008, Decembro). EMDR: Novos paradigmas na psicoterapia [EMDR: New paradigms in psychotherapy]. Caderno de Psicoloxia, 32, 79-87.

Language: Galician

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
EMDR (Eye Movement Dessensibilização e reprocesando) representa unha nova modalidade de tratamento de traumas e recordos Dolores desenvolvido por Francine Shapiro, Ph.D, a finais da década dos 80, nos Estados Unidos. É un método de dessensibilização e reprocesando de experiencias emocionalmente cargados por medio de estimulación bilateral do cerebro. Este artigo contén unha explicación introdutoria para a base e tratamento co EMDR, e remata con algúns exemplos tirados da práctica clínica da primeira autora.

EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) represents a new modality of treatment of traumas and painful memories developed by Francine Shapiro, Ph.D, at the end of the 80’s, in the United States. It is a method of desensitization and reprocessing of emotionally charged experiences by means of the bilateral stimulation of the brain. This article gives an introductory explanation for the basis and treatment with EMDR, and finalizes with some examples taken from the clinical practice of the first author.

Keywords: Domestic Violence Psychotherapy Trauma Traumatic Experiences

Accuracy Verified: No

334. Davis, D. (2006, April). EMDR: Promising, but flawed. Psychotherapy: Theory and Research, 1-6.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy is a promising choice for many, but its drawbacks require careful consideration. These drawbacks include its doubtful beginnings, its reliance on a theoretical construct of the mechanism by which it works, its customization and lack of standardization, the lack of long-term studies, and the small possibility of extremely negative outcomes. However, the therapy holds significant promise, since it often leads to a full “cure” in just a few sessions. Thus, while we need to carefully consider the drawbacks, this therapy offers hope for many people who suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder (PSTD) and from other traumatic life experiences in general.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

335. Derksen, M. T. H., & Baeten, B. M. (2011, April). EMDR: theorie en praktijk binnen de ziekenhuispsychiatrie [EMDR: Theory and practice within the psychiatric hospital]. Presentatie op het 39ste Voorjaarscongres Nederlandse Vereniging voor Psychiatrie, Amsterdam.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Inhoud van de workshop: EMDR (eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing) is een intensieve vorm van psychotherapie voor mensen die last houden van de gevolgen van een (of meerdere) schokkende ervaring(EN). Over het effect van emdr is wetenschappelijk aangetoond dat het mogelijk is kwellende herbelevingen van vroegere gebeurtenissen kwijt te raken. emdr is, volgens (inter)nationale richtlijnen, de eerste keus bij behandeling van posttraumatische stressstoornis (PTSS). emdr maakt de in het geheugen opgeslagen traumatische ervaringen toegankelijk en activeert het natuurlijk verwerkingsproces zodat deze gebeurtenissen worden ontdaan van hun emotionele lading en een nieuwe betekenis krijgen. emdr kan ook toegepast worden bij traumagerelateerde stoornissen zoals bij angststoornissen, eetstoornissen, somatoforme stoornissen, seksuele stoornissen, verslaving en chronisch pijn. EMDR is een relatief nieuwe therapie, overigens alweer 20 jaar oud. Grondlegster is de Amerikaanse Francine Shapiro, die in 1989 een eerste versie van emdr beschreef. Door Shapiro zelf en later ook door andere therapeuten is het EMDRprotocol aangescherpt en verbeterd. Halverwege de jaren ’90 van de vorige eeuw introduceerden Ad de Jongh en Erik ten Broeke emdr in Nederland. De laatste jaren wordt er nauwelijks nog iets aan het basisprotocol veranderd of toegevoegd. De belangrijkste ontwikkelingen vinden plaats in de theorievorming en de toepassingsmogelijkheden. Hoe werkt EMDR, welke hersengebieden zijn erbij betrokken, wat is het werkzame mechanisme en bij welke stoornissen kan deze therapie worden toegepast. De kern van deze workshop is het leren kennen van recente verklaringsmodellen over de werking van emdr. De bijzondere kenmerken en effecten van EMDR en de verschillende toepassingsgebieden worden besproken. Vorm: Presentatie, geïllustreerd met videobeelden, tijd voor vragen en een interactieve discussie. Leerdoel: Na de workshop heeft de deelnemer zicht op de verschillende recente theoretische verklaringsmodellen van emdr en heeft hij kennis van het brede indicatiegebied van EMDR en de plaats van emdr binnen de psychotherapie.

Contents of the workshop: EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing) is a intensive form of psychotherapy for people that to suffer the consequences of one (or more) shocking experience (S). On the effects of EMDR has been scientifically proven that it is possible agonizing reliving past losing events. EMDR is, according to (inter) national guidelines, The first choice of treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). EMDR allows the memory traumatic experiences accessible and activates the natural process so that events are stripped of their emotional charge and a new meaning. EMDR can also be applied in trauma-related disorders such as anxiety disorders, eating disorders, somatoform disorders, sexual disorders, addiction and chronic pain. EMDR is a relatively new therapy, however already 20 years old. Founder is the U.S. Francine Shapiro, who in 1989 first version of EMDR described. By Shapiro himself and later by other therapists is EMDRprotocol strengthened and improved. Mid-90s of the last century Ad de Jongh introduced and Erik ten Broeke EMDR in the Netherlands. In recent years there hardly anything to change the basic protocol or added. The main developments are place in the theory and application. How does EMDR, which brain areas are involved, what is the active mechanism and disorders which can therapy administered. The core of this workshop is to learn Declaration of recent models on the operation EMDR. The particular characteristics and EMDR and the effects of different application are discussed. Methods: Presentation, illustrated with video, time for questions and an interactive discussion. Objective: After the workshop, the participant view of the various recent theoretical explanatory models of EMDR and has broad knowledge of the indication area of EMDR and the location of EMDR in psychotherapy.

Keywords: Practice Psychiatric Hospital Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

336. Bidlack, N. J. (2000). EMDR: A viable intervention to ease the painful effects of traumatic experiences. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Keywords: Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

337. Shapiro, F. (1996, Summer). EMDR: Adaptive information processing. Independent Practitioner, 16(3), 142-146.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) method defines the succesful treatment of pathology as a clinician-assisted "self-healing" process. Specifically, the individual reprocesses the dysfunctional information stored in the nervous system as a result of previous disturbing events. Congruent with the principles of mind/body psychology, there is an assumed interaction of psychological and physiological processes. The nature of the clinical disorder is defined on the basis of the type of experiences that have been dysfunctionally stored and which need to be effectively processes.

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP

Accuracy Verified: Yes

338. Furukawa, D. K. (1999, June). EMDR: The problem of looping in the present. EMDRIA Newsletter, 4(2), 12, 33.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
EMDR tends to work most efficiently and effectively when the core trauma is accessed and is targeted for reprocessing. The standard protocol of asking the client to recall the “first and worst” incident of a series of related traumas works effectively in tracking down a core trauma. When the original core has been identified, reprocessing tends to proceed smoothly and fluidly. There are times, however, when a client is mainly concerned with a present issue or experience and is unable or unwilling to explore earlier life experiences as per the standard protocol.

Keywords: Looping

Accuracy Verified: Yes

339. Karpel, M. A. (2006, September). EMDR: Targeting the repetition compulsion in couples therapy. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Philadelphia, PA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR constitutes a valuable tool for couples therapists when one or both partners are stuck in repetitive, reactive cycles. This workshop describes the circumstances in which EMDR is most likely to be helpful in couples therapy. It examines the benefits of EMDR through the lens of the repetition compulsion, with pariicular emphasis on common - and often intractable - impasses in in the treatment of couples. The origins of the repetition compulsion in early failures of attunement are described, as in the re-enactment of these experiences in the adult couples relationship. Working with EMDR is nested within the context of a resource-based approach to couples therapy, emphasizing how emotional reactivity and defensive withdrawal impede the expression of empathy, trustworthiness, intimacy and repair in the couples relationship. Different formats for conducting EMDR (separately with one partner; separately with both partners; conjointly with both partners; or adjunctively with another therapist) are presented, along with indicators, advantages and disadvantages of each format. Special considerations (such as when to introduce EMDR, balancing alliances, sequencing sessions and instructions to an observing partner) and modifications of the standard protocol when EMDR is used in the context of couples treatment are also clarified. Finally, circumstances in which EMDR is unlikely to be helpful or in which it is contraindicated are examined.

Keywords: Couples Therapy Repetition Compulsion

Accuracy Verified: Yes

340. Shapiro, F. (1999). EMDR: Working with grief. Phoenix, AZ: Zeig Tucker and Co.

Language: English

Format: Video

Abstract:
Sit in on therapy with the masters! This video is part of the innovative "Brief Therapy Inside Out" series - a unique series that puts you directly in the therapy room to watch as leading therapists demonstrate their approaches in 45-minute, unrehearsed clinical sessions with real clients (not actors). EMDR founder Francine Shapiro has trained over 30,000 clinicians worldwide in her unique approach to the treatment of trauma. Known formally as Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, EMDR has been used successfully in critical incident work with victims of such tragedies as the Oklahoma City bombing, with both single-incident rape and incest survivors, with survivors of chronic abuse, even with treatment-resistant Vietnam vets. Here, Shapiro illustrates her eight-phase EMDR protocol with Angie, a recovering addict struggling with the sudden loss of her lover. While the exact neural mechanisms underlying EMDR are still not precisely understood, what is clear is that with skilled use of this potent reprocessing treatment, painful experiences that used to take months or years to treat have been resolved in as few as one to three 90-minute sessions. The videotape provides a singular introduction to this powerful approach as demonstrated by its extremely skilled founder. The clinical session is preceded by an introductory interview with series hosts Drs. Jon Carlson and Diane Kjos in which Shapiro explains basic principles underlying her approach. The video closes with a Q&A segment in which key interactions from the eight-phase treatment protocol are replayed and discussed. 95 minutes.

Keywords: Grief

Accuracy Verified: Yes

341. D‘Hooghe, D. (2010, June). EMDR‘s application in the treatment of children with selective mutism. In Experimental use of EMDR. Symposium presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This case concerns a 4,5 year old girl with Selective Mutism. In this particular case. I considered Selective Mutism a symptom of an attachment trauma. Since the trauma wasn't accessible seeing her age and the complexity of the trauma, I used the symptom as a target. I applied EMDR within a phase model: the preparation phase, confrontation phase and integration phase. During these three phases I continuously worked with bilateral stimulation It is my hypothesis that in this case the bilateral stimulation: 1. stimulated and strengthened positive links in the adaptive network. 2 synchronized the activity of both cerebral hemispheres, resulting in a connection between the primary emotions of traumatic experiences and rational insights and language. 3. unblocked the traumatic information and reactivated the natural healing process of the brain. I used several forms of bilateral stimulation as visual stimulation, tactile stimulation and the butterfly hug. Because of her lack of words, she wasn't able to tell me anything. So through storytelling I offered her different themes to which she could respond by making drawings, figures in clay, etc. During the preparation phase, I focused on safety, ego strengthening and affect management to reduce the fear to speak. 1. Working with safety : the eye movements were first accomplished using a safe Image which brought up her own sense of security. Then, after imagining this safe place, the child was willing to play tapping games to strengthen feelings of safety. 2. Ego strengthening : to feel as strong as possible by installing resources and positive cognitions, and guiding the child towards acceptance and development of its unique being. Bilateral stimulation was used to strengthen the positive experiences. 3. Affect management: in the process of strengthening affect management, the child was given access to her anxiety by storytelling linked to visualization, the use of images and bodywork. Again, bilateral stimulation was used to strengthen the positive experiences/skills. After a few sessions. I introduced the use of language and stimulated her to make sounds, followed by pronouncing places of words and finally the pronunciation of complete words and sentences. Through this whole process, 1 combined the specific exercises to learn how to speak with bilateral stimulations. During the twelfth session, the child started talking spontaneously Given the fact that there wasn't any direct confrontation work during the sessions, we are left to wonder whether there has or hasn't occurred any trauma processing. The symptom came to a halt, together with the disappearance of other symptoms that were Inked to the trauma. The question is whether it is necessary to confront young children with their trauma in order to heal. Nevertheless, it seems like the combination of bilateral stimulation with storytelling, art therapy, play therapy and visualization speeded up the elimination of the child's trauma symptoms considerably.

Keywords: Experimental Use Selective Mutism

Accuracy Verified: Yes

342. Siano, J. (2008, April). Emergency intervention in art therapy with EMDR and somatic experiencing. Workshop presentation at the 1st Bi-annual International European Society for Trauma and Dissociation Conference, Amsterdam, The Netherlands .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The following presentation shows a model, which was built and applied with many different populations, children, aged people and adults, during the Lebanon War 2006 and after it. The purpose was prevention of PTSD and overcoming the difficult and painful period. Originally it was aimed at art therapists, psychologists, and other mental health staff – Jews and Arabs. They work with already traumatized children and youth in the shelled north of Israel, have to contain much pain and to be strong for others. They were close to break down, or already broke down. The same model served the presenter later in many cases of crisis, with groups and individuals. Especially it was adapted with some much dissociated clients, giving voice (visual representation) to the different sub – personalities. The model aims for (1) bridging between state of freezing or collapsing and functioning; (2) providing tools for self regulation and helping others to self regulate; and (3) strengthening the felt sense of well-being connected to resources within the person and preventing PTSD. The methods used are: (1) evaluation of body-sensation, feeling and thoughts with SUDS (Subjective Units of Disturbance Scale); (2) drawing a picture of resource; installation of resource; (3) drawing a deficiency picture, a picture which represents the disturbing part in one’s present life; (4) EM (eye movements) between both pictures, through working in couples - bilateral stimulation; (5) re-evaluation of body – sensation, feeling and thought with SUDS. Learning objectives: 1. To demonstrate the impact of art in developing inner boundaries towards integration of ego states. 2. To legitimize extreme emotions and to understand that they are normal defenses to trauma. 3. To acquire tools for coping with trauma in the present.

Keywords: Art Therapy Emergency Intervention Somatic Experiencing

Accuracy Verified: Yes

343. Grand, D. (1998). Emerging from the coffin: Treatment of a masochistic personality disorder. In P. Manfield (Ed.), Extending EMDR: A casebook of innovative applications (1st ed.) (pp. 65-90). New York: W. W. Norton.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
"Dan" was a 48-year old married man who, despite ten years of psychoanalytic treatment, awakened every morning with the image of lying dead in a coffin. This dovetailed with his experience of daily life as devoid of meaning and pleasure. Despite his apparent relentless suffering and preoccupation with death, Dan reported never having been actively suicidal. In fact, his life appeared to be oddly homeostatic. He sought out therapy at the urging of his wife, who was exasperated by his pervasive negativity. This case illustrates the successful use of longer-term EMDR charactered by the multiple sessions and many months to fully reprocess individual protocols. Treatment was completed, with Dan free of coffin fantasies and capable of experiencing hope, joy and purpose for the first time in his life. His positive response, over time, indicates that individuals with characterological defenses can process, albeit incrementally, difficult material and ultimately reach a level of full resolution. Since my success with Dan, I have replicated this startling outcome with numerous clients in periods ranging from 9 to 18 months. This was inconceivable for me in my pre-EMDR days when many years of treatment yielded far more limited results. [Text, pp. 66-67]

Keywords: Adults Americans Case Report Life Experiences Males Personality Disorders Psychotherapeutic Processes Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

344. Grainger, R., Levin, C., Allen-Byrd, L., Doctor, R., & Lee, H. (1997, October). An empirical evaluation of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) with survivors of a natural disaster. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 10(4), 665-671. doi:10.1023/A:1024806105473.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Controlled studies of treatments effective with victims of natural disasters are almost nonexistent. This is a small study conducted under difficult conditions to test the effectiveness of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) in treating trauma related reactions following Hurricane Andrew. The results were positive in that EMDR produced significant improvement over wait list controls in perceived posttraumatic avoidance behaviors and thoughts as measured by changes in the Impact of Event Scale and significant improvement in subjective aversive reactions to representative experiences of the hurricane. These results suggest and support other studies that EMDR can be an effective therapeutic intervention for trauma reactions. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Americans Disaster Effects Empirical Study Hurricane Andrew (1992) Hurricanes Longitudinal Study Non-Randomized Study Survivors Treatment Effectiveness Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

345. D'Anca, J. A. (1996). Employing eye movement, desensitization/reorientation (EMDR) to treat posttraumatic stress disorder: A case study. Chicago School of Professional Psychology, Chicago, IL. AAT 9701975.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
The author presents a case study of a 42- year-old white female, the victim of multiple sexual traumas resulting in PTSD. Eye Movement Desensitization/Reorientation (EMDR), a relatively new technique, is employed within the broader context of talk therapy to effect change. EMDR's therapeutic effectiveness is evaluated on a trauma-by-trauma basis through Subjective Units of Distress (SUD), pre- and post-treatment. The maintenance of sustained effected change in SUD ratings is monitored over time on a monthly basis throughout psychotherapy's duration. The patient's changes in overall level of functioning resulting from EMDR and talk therapy are evaluated through changes in MMPI and Rorschach scores. Patient progress is monitored three times through the assessment combination of these two measures: pre-, mid-, and post-treatment. This study addresses the following questions: Is Eye Movement Desensitization/Reorientation an effective technique in decreasing or eliminating symptomatology and psychopathology resulting from PTSD; and are any therapeutic benefits from its use maintained over a period of at least one year? Finally, what changes in the patient's overall level of functioning result from the combination of EMDR and talk therapy?The review of literature presents four models of PTSD: (a) the information processing model, (b) the psychological model, (c) the structural-developmental model (Fluid character pathology), and (d) the structural-developmental model (Dysregulation of impulse). These models offer a basis for conceptualizing PTSD as well as present the typical features of this pathology. The current diagnostic criteria for diagnosis as presented in DSM-IV also are included. Finally, a comprehensive review of the current literature available on Eye Movement Desensitization is presented. Results from the employ of EMDR evidence substantial reduction of PTSD symptomatology for all traumas treated. The reduction of symptomatology sustained for as long as 26 months. A summary of the case, findings, discussion of relevant information along with recommendations completes this work. [Author Abstract] Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 57(8-B), Feb 1997, pp. 5321.

Keywords: Adults Adult Child Abuse Case Study Empirical Study Females Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Survivors Treatment Effectiveness Treatment Outcome/Clinical Trial

Accuracy Verified: Yes

346. deGraffenreid, D., & Page, R. (2009, April 18). The enhanced safe place: A practitioners guide to using multi sensory imaging to strengthen the safe place. Presentation at the Western Massachusetts EMDRIA Conference "EMDR and the Body," Amherst, MA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Enhanced Safe Place (ESP) builds comfort and trust early in treatment. EP is especially effective in community MH settings. ESP contains preparatory information, multi sensory imaging, progressive relaxation and simple hypnotherapy techniques. Participants will practice the three stages (preparation, beginning, debriefing) and 10 specific techniques to help create highly effective body-oriented ESP experiences.

Keywords: Enhanced Safe Place

Accuracy Verified: Yes

347. Hartung, J. G. (2005, September). Enhancing performance and positive emotion with EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Seattle, WA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
While the presenter will provide some information through lecture and handouts, this workshop will be mostly based on experiential learning processes. Demonstrations, a supervised practicum, and other hands-on experiences are seen as the best ways to learn the model of perfomance enhancement with EMDR. Because the practicum focus will be exclusively on the development and strengthening of positive emotion, risks to participants are not predicted. The presenter will focus on ways to define psychotherapy in addition to its value as a treatment of problems in living. Positive psychology and coaching for development will be terms used frequently, both in the lecture and throughout the demonstration and practicum experiences.

Keywords: Performance Enhancement Positive Emotion

Accuracy Verified: Yes

348. Du Bois, M. G., & de Kroon, M. (2008, August). Enlarging skills and self-efficacy as an important outcome of EMDR with individuals with ID. Poster presented at the 13th World Congress of the International Association for the Scientific Study of Intellectual Disabilities, Cape Town, South Africa.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Many individuals with behaviour problems have long-lasting negative experiences in relation to their environment. Because of this they often have low self-esteem. The treatment is focussed on reduction of complaints and acquisition of skills. But the treatment is more successful when there is also the acquisition of a positive view of the self. EMDR is mainly focussed on trauma treatment and positive cognitive connotation. This competence is very useful as a therapeutic intervention when reinforcing a positive self in people with ID. For our target group it is difficult to translate a positive cognition to daily life. With the use of resources from EMDR such as the use of objects and manual communication, the self image can be reinforced and advance the practising of behaviour experiments. This poster will focus on theory of EMDR and practical implications.

Keywords: ID Intellectual Disabilities Poster

Accuracy Verified: Yes

349. du Bois, M. G., & de Kroon, M. (2008, August). Enlarging skills and self-efficacy as an important outcome of EMDR with individuals with ID: Presenting a video case. Poster presented at the 13th World Congress of the International Association for the Scientific Study of Intellectual Disabilities, Cape Town, South Africa .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract: Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing’s basic principles, procedures and protocols direct the clinician in assisting clients to transmute negative experiences into adaptive learning experiences. EMDR is also recognised as giving resources with a positive picture to assist processing the traumatic experiences. The so-called Resource Development and Installation (RDI) is a specific strategy to strengthen the client by mobilising and strengthening positive cognitions associated with positive experiences in the past. By activating positive functional memory networks and relating the positive picture with the present, the client will be able to practise these in situations where they feel problematic. A client with ID is able to transfer a positive picture to the present. On the basis of these data, presented in a video case, we will give examples of our practise as clinicians in the mental health care of individuals with ID.

Keywords: ID Intellectual Disabilities

Accuracy Verified: Yes

350. Corrigan, F. M., & Jennett, J. (2004, August). Ephedra alkaloids and brief relapse in EMDR-treated obsessive compulsive disorder. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 110(2), 158. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0047.2004.00368.x.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Letter to the editor commenting on an article by E. Ernst (see record 2003-05653-002). We report the case of a patient who was effectively treated for severe obsessive compulsive disorder but relapsed briefly following ingestion of herbal products containing ephedra alkaloids that she bought to facilitate weight loss. The patient was a 29-year-old woman with a 10-year history of obsessive compulsive disorder who was referred for Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) when her condition had not responded to cognitive behavior therapy nor to various medications including Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Clomipramine and Amitriptyline. Her score on the Dissociative Experiences Scale was low and there was nothing in the clinical history to suggest major dissociative disorder, so after preparation with mindfulness, relaxation and safe place imagery she proceeded to treatment with EMDR. Nine months later she reported a relapse into increased anxiety with a partial return to compulsive thoughts and behaviours after she had obtained a herbal health product sold to promote weight loss. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Comment Desensitization Ephedra Letter Luvoxamine Obsessive Compulsive Disorder OCD Plant Preparations Relapse Reply Review Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

351. Kroon, N., & Berendsen, S. (2005, November). Ervaringen met EMDR bij de opvang van humanitaire hulpverleners [Experiences in receiving with EMDR humanitarian aid workers]. Presentatie aan de eerste congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Ede, The Netherlands.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Werken in het veld voor Artsen zonder Grenzen (AzG) is niet zonder risico. Hulpverleners kunnen geconfronteerd worden met aangrijpende situaties waneer zij met de noodlijdende bevolking werken, maar zij kunnen ook zelf traumatische situaties meemaken, bijv. wanneer een team onderweg wordt aangehouden door een gewapende bende. Deze lezing gaat over de bruikbaarheid van EMDR als methodiek in de opvang van humanitaire hulpverleners. Bij AzG worden hulpverleners in het veld opgevangen door de Psycho Social Care Unit (PSCU). De PSCU verzorgt de debriefing van de hulpverleners bij terugkeer in Nederland, maar ook in het veld wanneer hulpverleners betrokken zijn geweest bij een traumatische gebeurtenis. Deze lezing behandelt de mogelijkheden en beperkingen van EMDR binnen de methodiek van debriefing. Aan de hand van 4 casussen wordt ingegaan op de volgende vragen: In welke situaties is er aanleiding om EMDR toe te passen? Welke alternatieven zijn er? Wat levert het op en wat zijn de beperkingen? Tot slot wordt aandacht besteed aan de vraag in hoeverre EMDR past in de doelstellingen en werkwijze van debriefing.

This lecture is about the usefulness of EMDR as a methodology in the care of Humanitarian workers. By MSF aid workers in the field are captured by the Psychosocial Care Unit (PSCU). The PSCU Provides the debriefing of relief workers to return to the Netherlands, but also in the field where clause relief workers have been involved in a traumatic event. This lecture discusses the Possibilities and limitations of the methodology of EMDR Within debriefing. Based on four case studies examinées the following questions: In what is there reason to apply "Situations EMDR? What alternatives are there? What benefits and what are ITS Limitations? Finally, attention is paid to the question how EMDR fits the Objectives and methods of debriefing.

Keywords: Humanitarian Aird Workers Relief Workers

Accuracy Verified: Yes

352. Simonetta, E. (2010). Esperienze traumatiche di vita in età evolutiva. EMDR come terapia [Traumatic experiences of life in children: EMDR as a treatment]. Milan, Italy: Angeli, ISBN: 9788856823080 885682308X.

Language: Italian

Format: Book

Abstract:
L’EMDR è un metodo clinico innovativo che rientra nell’ambito delle terapie brevi e si è rivelato molto efficace nell’intervento delle sintomatologie che si sviluppano in seguito a un’esperienza traumatica o dopo traumi ripetuti. Questo libro nasce con l’intenzione di presentare alcune esperienze, realizzate nel nostro paese, relative all’applicazione della metodologia terapeutica EMDR con soggetti in età evolutiva.

EMDR is an innovative clinical method that is part of the short-term therapies and has proved very effective intervention of the symptoms that develop after a traumatic experience, or after repeated trauma. This book was created with the intention to present some experiences made in our country, relating to the application of the methodology with subjects EMDR therapy in children and adolescents.

Keywords: Children Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

353. Farma, T. 2008, 26-28 Settembre). Esperienze traumatiche, EMDR (Eye movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) e prospettive di applicazione clinica [Traumatic experiences, EMDR (Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) and prospects for clinical application]. In comunicazioni libere (T. Farma (Chair). Simposio presentato al VII Congresso SPR Italia, Modena, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Keywords: Practice Symposium Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

354. Morrow, R. (2012, October). Essential skills for EMDR consultation. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Arlington, VA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
What skills do successful consultants utilize in consultation? Therapy, Training and Consultation have several overlapping skills, but each of these disciplines do contain some different skill sets. A good therapist does not necessarily make a good consultant. This presentation will attempt to tease out consultation specific skills that seem to improve the experience for both consultees and consultants. This presentation will include lecture, self evaluative experiences and role play.

Keywords: Consultation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

355. Wolff, R. P. (2004). Evaluation of effectiveness of individual therapy sessions over 60 minutes. California Institute of Integral Studies, San Francisco, CA. AAT 3158599.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Research has produced few studies that support the 50-minute therapy session as the most effective session length for achieving optimal therapeutic results. This descriptive study attempted to determine differences in therapists' perceptions of how session length might impact therapeutic process, therapeutic outcome, treatment of specific psychological disorders, and if session length preference was based on theoretical orientation or procedures/techniques. A total of 65 practicing therapists drawn from the International Society for the Study of Dissociation, EMDR International Association, Trauma Incident Reduction Practitioners, San Francisco Society of Lacanian Study, and California Psychological Network completed questionnaires regarding their perceptions about psychotherapy for individuals employing longer session lengths versus the standard 50-minute session.Overall frequencies of questionnaire responses and between groups comparisons were analyzed using Chi-Square. The sample endorsed the use of longer sessions at statistically significant frequencies on the following questionnaire items: three therapeutic outcome items: Increases client's satisfaction, Shortens overall duration of therapy, and Facilitates corrective emotional experience; and nine therapeutic process items: Access to client's emotional material, Integration of experience before leaving session, Deepens development of transference, Working through defenses, Access to traumatic experiences, Integrate traumatic experience within session, Working through traumatic experience, and Improving likelihood of breakthrough experiences. The sample also agreed on the use of longer sessions as potentially contributing to positive outcome for treatment of the following disorders: Substance Abuse, Panic Disorder, Agoraphobia, Specific Phobia, Social Phobia, PTSD, GAD, and Eating Disorders. The findings of this study suggest that longer session lengths may have a positive impact on therapeutic process, therapeutic outcome, and certain disorders. Specific implications for the field of psychology and suggestions for research are discussed. [Author Abstract]

Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 65(12-B), 2005, pp. 6680.

Keywords: Empirical Study Health Personnel Attitudes Individual Psychotherapy Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Quantitative Study Treatment Duration Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

356. Naccarato, C. (2008). The experience of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing as a therapeutic approach in healing trauma. University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL. AAT 3306738.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Grounded theory method was used to explore the experiences of patients suffering the effects of psychological trauma who had received eye movement desensitization and reprocessing approach (EMDR) as treatment. Saturation of the categories was achieved with the analysis of 15 interviews. The basic social psychological process that emerged is transforming suffering and the core category is changes in perception. The three subcategories, relinquishing, presencing and emerging, form the conceptual framework for the stages of transforming suffering. The stages of relinquishing, presencing and emerging contain concepts and their properties to guide practice. The two dimensions of processing subsumed within each stage are temporal perspectives (past, present and future) and processing fields (physical field, cognitive field and transformative field). These concepts help explain the progression of the patient to experience resolution of the trauma and/or related symptoms/behaviors. Transforming suffering: changes in perception using EMDR is the resultant substantive theory. The implications of this theoretical framework for psychotherapeutic practice and future research are reviewed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved) Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 69(3-B), 2008, pp. 1571.

Keywords: Empirical Study Grounded Theory Quantitative Study Therapeutic Processes Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

357. Bergmann, U. (2001, December). Experiences of EMDR treatment of World Trade Center survivors of September 11. EMDRIA Newsletter, 6(4), 33-34.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
My experience in treating the survivors of the World Trade Center (WTC) disaster of September 11 has, to date, been comprised of three groups: those who witnessed the event from the adjacent streets of the Wall Street financial district; those who were in the World Trade Center, on the lower floors of the North Tower (first tower hit) and were able to escape rather quickly from the building; and those who were on the upper floors (75th to 50th), taking a lengthy time to get down the stairs and then witnessing the most horrific of events inside the WTC plaza and in the street, as the towers collapsed. To date, I have treated 21 survivors.

Keywords: 9/11 World Trade Center WTC

Accuracy Verified: Yes

358. Robbins, S., Clarke, A., & Kay, I. (2007, October). Experiences of offering EMDR to older people with PTSD in Coventry. PSIGE Newsletter, 101, 34-40 .

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
This paper explains how the current Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) service for older people in Coventry meets our overall service aims and presents a summary of the qualitative feedback provided by our clients who have benefited from it. There appears to be limited research on the effectiveness of EMDR specifically with older people with PTSD. We hope that this service evaluation can contribute to this area.

Keywords: Elderly

Accuracy Verified: Yes

359. Nicol, M. (2009, November). Experiences of peer supervision for EMDR in Lanarkshire. DCP in Scotland, 1, 23-26.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Following a decision by NHS Lanarkshire to provide funding for training in Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) 11 professionals, including clinical psychologists, counselling psychologists, a clinical associate and a psychological therapist undertook the three-part training in 2008 and 2009 provided by EMDR workshops, a leading UK EMDR training organisation and affiliated to the European EMDR Network. The rationale for providing this training was to allow staff to offer a variety of therapeutic interventions for individuals who have experienced trauma. EMDR is an evidence-based treatment for trauma and is recommended by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines as a treatment for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Whilst it is acknowledged that there continues to be some debate within clinical psychology regarding the use of EMDR and its scientific status, this will not be discussed within this article (see Van Etten & Taylor, 1998; Davidson & Parker, 2001; and Chemtob et al., 2000 for more information). As most of the therapists who undertook this training already had experience of working with trauma, mostly within a Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) framework, it was felt that providing an additional theoretical and practical framework for working with these individuals would provide further client choice

Keywords: Lanarkshire Peer Supervision

Accuracy Verified: Yes

360. Oppermann, F. (2011, June). Experiences with EMDR in a general practitioner practice. Presentation at the 12th European Conference on Traumataic Stress (ECOTS), Vienna, Austria.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The study excellently describes results treating patients with PTSD after recent traumatic experiences. 200 patients with various stress reactions after recent traumatic stress like sexual dysfunction, eating disorders, somatic symptoms, conflicts in partnership and inability to work but no prior psychiatric disease in anamnesis were treated with EMDR. The number of active EMDR sessions needed to restore quality of life and capability of working varied from one to five active sessions. A three and six-month follow-up showed stable findings. The study shows, that there is a great number of PTSD patients in general practice. Besides typical flashbacks, these patients show an enormous bandwidth of somatic and psychosomatic symptoms. General practitioners have an important position in making the correct diagnosis and EMDR is shown to be an effective, time saving and economic technique treating PTSD after recent trauma.

Keywords: General Practice

Accuracy Verified: Yes

361. Keller, M. W. (1998). Explanation of EMDR for patients. In G. J. Allen, D. A. Cónsole, & M. W. Keller, EMDR: A Closer Look Video Manual. (pp. 34-36) New York: Guilford Press.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
Brief introductory orientation information about how EMDR will help a person cope with and overcome the adverse experiences and memories which are currently causing trauma and anxieties. This discussion will cover the EMDR content, methods, and procedures which will be used during the EMDR therapy sessions.

Keywords: Manual, Video

Accuracy Verified: Yes

362. Turpin, R. C. (1999, August). An exploration of reported transpersonal/spiritual experiences during and after eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) treatment of traumatic memories. California Institute of Integral Studies, San Francisco, CA. AAT 9962663.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
This research project sought to investigate if EMDR therapists observed their clients reporting transpersonal/spiritual experiences during or following EMDR. In addition, it sought to identify and explore the client and therapist factors that may influence the frequency with which these experiences are observed. One hundred sixty-nine questionnaires were mailed to EMDR facilitators throughout the United States and 50 were returned with usable data. Quantitative statistical analyses were performed on much of the questionnaire data and several significant associations and differences were found (p < .05). However, these significant associations and differences did not lead to more global statements regarding the factors that were analyzed. Interviews were conducted with 11 of the respondents in an attempt to shed light on these research questions. The results indicate that a number of EMDR therapists are observing their clients reporting transpersonal/spiritual experiences during or following EMDR. Several potentially important client and therapist factors were noted that may be influencing factors in therapists observing their clients reporting these experiences. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 61(2-B), Aug 2000, pp. 1099.

Keywords: Emotional Trauma Empirical Study Religious Experiences Therapists Transpersonal Psychology Transpersonal/Spiritual Experiences

Accuracy Verified: Yes

363. Brown, P. (2011, March). An exploration of the use of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) techniques within a solution focused brief therapy (SFBT) framework with children experiencing personal and school related problems. Presentation at the 9th annual Conference of the EMDR UK & Ireland, Bristol.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This study was set in a mainstream primary school in Scotland where a group of children had been identified by their class teachers and parents as presenting as quiet, shy, withdrawn and/or anxious. The researcher was an educational psychologist in the local authority where the study took place. 5 primary aged children at stages P5, P6 and P7 (aged 9 to 11 years) of the Scottish Primary education system were involved in a group process which took place in their school, consisting of 6 sessions over the course of 2 months. The intervention combined elements from Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) and Solution Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT). This was a strength based approach which aimed to focus on positive strengths and increase resilience. The individual nature of the therapy required a flexible model. A qualitative research methodology was used. The general aim of this research was to investigate this combined therapeutic process within an applied psychology perspective. The research set out to study the experiences of a group of children during and after they participated in the process. A further aim of the research was to explore the process from my own perspective as the therapist and facilitator. Data was collected during and after each session and post intervention data was collected from children, parents and teachers. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to analyse the data. Findings indicated that the children found the intervention helpful and they were able to identify particular aspects of SFBT and EMDR which they had found useful.

Keywords: Children School-Related Problems SFBT Solution Focused Brief Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

364. Boyer, W. R. (2007). An exploratory study of the effects of EMDR on state/trait anxiety and anger in adult male sex offenders. Argosy University, San Francisco, CA. ATT 3286571.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
The purpose of this exploratory study was to investigate the effects of EMDR on state and trait anxiety and anger levels associated with developmental traumas of sexual offenders in outpatient sex offender treatment. A qualitative component explored the participants' perceptions of their therapy experiences as helpful in resolving problematic reactive behaviors linked with the developmental traumas and other negative life experiences. The male participants ranged in age from 20 to 49 and were self-selected from a purposive sample of clients receiving treatment in an outpatient sex offender program in Southwest Florida. From this sample group, N = 17, the study participants were randomly assigned to one of two treatment modalities, EMDR or CBT. This exploratory study utilized a quasi-experimental, mixed methods format to analyze the effects of EMDR on state/trait anxiety and anger levels. The study utilized both quantitative and qualitative research strategies to acquire what Webster and Marshall (2004) described as "the clearest, fullest picture of behavior" (p. 118). The quantitative analysis of data obtained from the pre and post-testing found no significant differences between the treatment groups in reducing state/trait anxiety and anger levels. The analysis of the qualitative interview data revealed four core themes: Treatment Efficacy, Emotional Processing, Therapeutic Alliance, and Empowerment. The emergent themes of emotional processing and the therapeutic alliance have not been fully explored in sex offender therapy and may warrant further scrutiny. Additionally, processing of developmental traumas and past victimization has been avoided or minimized in standard cognitive-behavioral sex offender treatment contrary to more recent research findings that identify attachment problems and intimacy deficits as key dynamic risk factors associated with sexual recidivism (Adams, 2003). The field of sex offender therapy may benefit from future research that investigates the role of trauma resolution in mitigating dynamic risk factors that are linked with recidivistic sexual violence. EMDR may serve as an adjunctive therapy to assist sexual offenders to effectively process developmental wounds and in so doing target dynamic risk factors by improving their ability to emotionally self-regulate and enhance their ability to more fully experience victim empathy and improve interpersonal relationships. Future sex offender research may benefit from more expanded investigations of EMDR and other limbic therapies. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 68(10-B), 2008, pp. 6951.

Keywords: Anger Anxiety Criminals Developmental Disabilities Empirical Study Qualitative Study Outpatients Quantitative Study Sex Offenders Sex Offenses Trauma Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

365. Kennedy, J. (2013, April 24). Exploring alternate ways to deal with trauma. Truro Daily News, Colchester County, Nova Scotia.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
I recently received EMDR training to add to my skill set of interventions to offer clients. What is EMDR, you might ask? It is the acronym for eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. This treatment was developed by Dr. Francine Shapiro to help those with trauma related disorders such as, PTSD (post traumatic stress disorder), whose natural ability to process traumatic experiences was compromised. The hypothesis is that EMDR bilateral stimulation (eye movements, audio beeps, tactile pulses) replicates REM sleep, which is presumed to assist the brain in processing the information it received during the day. The idea being that the eye movements, or other forms of bilateral stimulation, add to the therapy’s effectiveness by evoking neurological and physiological changes to aid in the reprocessing of the traumatic memories. [Excerpt]

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP General Overview

Accuracy Verified: No

366. McCullough, L. (2002, December). Exploring change mechanisms in EMDR applied to "small-t trauma" in short-term dynamic psychotherapy: Research questions and speculations. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58(12), 1531-1544. doi:10.1002/jclp.10103.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This article represents a process of preliminary search and discovery regarding the active mechanisms in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) when used in Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy (STDP). Patients' (N = 7) responses to EMDR interventions were categorized as either "trauma" or "resolution" responses and examined in relationship to (a) the number of EMDR sets, (b) patient Global Assessment of Functioning Rating (GAF) scores, and (c) raw change in Subjective Units of Distress (SUD) ratings of severity of traumatic memory and Validity of Cognition (VoC) ratings of positive cognitions before and after EMDR sessions. Further subcategorization and development of the broad categories of trauma and resolution were recommended and may be useful in shedding light on how change happens in EMDR. This study was exploratory and attempted only to identify possible variables for further study. However, the results show potential relationships among variables that merit further refinement and study. Research questions generated from this study are discussed. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Effects Empirical Study Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy PTSD Research Needs Stressors Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

367. Schlosser, F. J. (1993, Fall/Winter). Exposure/EMDR: Diagnostic use of feedback. EMDR Network Newsletter, 3(2), 7-10.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
One of the tasks of psychotherapists is to attempt to reduce anxiety in their patients. They determine the level of this anxiety through patient reports, observations of body language, intuition, or results of projective and objective tests. They then gauge therapeutic effectiveness by the amount of anxiety reduction as indicated by these relatively subjective measures. Even behaviorists, who make much use of numbers in their evaluations, are not measuring anxiety but its effect on the client's behavior. It is my contention that subjective measures of anxiety are not appropriate scientific tools and, if we are to progress in the development of more effective techniques for removing or reducing anxiety, we must devise more objective and accurate techniques for measuring this state which we describe ourselves as "treating."

Keywords: Exposure Feedback

Accuracy Verified: Yes

368. Manfield, P. (1998). Extending EMDR: A casebook of innovative applications. New York: W. W. Norton.

Language: English

Format: Book

Abstract:
"Extending EMDR" is divided into two parts: those cases in which it was possible to target a relatively small number of distinct traumatic experiences, and those in which the client's symptoms have resulted from ongoing childhood trauma or neglect for which they are initially unable to identify representative discrete traumatic events. The cases in which clear targets were available required the therapists to identify those targets and work with a variety of resistances in order to achieve adaptive resolution. These clients could generally address their maladaptive defenses directly. Typically, their therapists relied on extensive cognitive interweave, structuring, support, and sometimes direct nurturing to make it possible for these clients to tolerate and utilize EMDR to process their targeted traumas.Where there were no distinct memories to target, the therapists needed to create innovative interventions. Their clients tended to be unable to address their maladaptive defenses directly without fragmenting or closing off. These cases required far more treatment time than those for which there were a limited number of discreet traumatic memories to target and process. Each therapist working with these clients needed to find a way to strengthen their ability to maintain internal cohesion and increase their sense of safety so that they could relinquish defenses without the threat of becoming overwhelmed and fragmented. Several of the therapists attempted to address directly the deficits that prevented their clients from recalling their past experiences, organizing them, and gaining access to specific memories and affect. [Text, pp. 9-10] [Pilots]

Keywords: Adults Americans Child Abuse Complex PTSD Defense Mechanisms Depressive Disorders Females Life Experiences Males Neglect Personality Disorders Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

369. Leeds, A. M. (2010, February). Extinction or reconsolidation differences between suppression and transformation in how we recover from traumatic experiences. Author.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
Memory is central to all learned behavior, and in humans to one’s sense of identity. Sleep and memory processes are deeply entwined. Both are central to our sense of well-being.

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP Extinction, Prolonged Exposure Reconsolidation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

370. Jumelet, C. (2011, April). Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) bij kinderen met een verstandelijke beperking [Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) in children with intellectual disabilities]. Symposia op het 39ste Voorjaarscongres Nederlandse Vereniging voor Psychiatrie, Amsterdam.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract: Achtergrond: Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) is een evidence-based behandelmethode voor zowel kinderen als volwassenen die blijvende psychische of lichamelijke klachten overhouden aan een of meer ingrijpende gebeurtenissen. Er is nog nauwelijks effectonderzoek verricht bij kinderen met een verstandelijke beperking (VB). Deze doelgroep heeft meer risico op traumatische ervaringen vanwege beperkte cognitieve en verbale vaardigheden en geringere draagkracht (Mevissen 2010). EMDR doet weinig beroep op verbale mogelijkheden, is een concrete en directieve methode en lijkt daarom in het bijzonder geschikt voor kinderen met een VB. Doel: emdr beschikbaar maken voor getraumatiseerde kinderen met een VB. Methoden: Bestaande EMDR-protocollen worden aangepast door elementen aan te brengen als: visualiseren middels pictogrammen; ouders meer betrekken, bijvoorbeeld door hen het verhaal te laten vertellen; effectevaluatie via ouders en belangrijke derden (leerkracht), meer herhaling en meer sessies. Resultaten: In een caseserie van 10 patiënten met een iq tussen 50-85 was er in 70% een goed resultaat. Alle patiënten maakten de behandeling af. Het aantal sessies varieerde tussen 2 en 10. Conclusie: emdr is een veelbelovende behandelmethode bij kinderen met een VB.
Background: Eye Movement Desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) is an evidence-based treatment for both children and adults that permanent mental or physical complaints about holding one or more major events. There is little outcome research performed in children with intellectual restriction (VB). This group has more risk limited due to traumatic experiences cognitive and verbal skills and lower capacity (Mevissen 2010). EMDR does little rely on verbal abilities, is a concrete and directive method and therefore seems particularly for children with a VB. Purpose: EMDR available to traumatized children with a VB. Methods: Existing EMDR protocols be modified by elements to as: visualization using icons; parents more involved, by for instance the story to tell, through impact assessment parents and significant others (teacher), more repetition and more sessions. Results: In a case series of 10 patients with an IQ between 50-85, there was 70% a good result. All the patients were treatment. The number of sessions varied between 2 and 10. Conclusion: EMDR is a promising treatment for children with VB.

Keywords: Children Intellectual Disabilities

Accuracy Verified: Yes

371. Mevissen-Renckens, L., & Lievegoed, R. (2009). Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) A treatment method for trauma-related psychiatric disorders and psycho-social problems related to negative life events. Presentation at the 7th European Congress of Mental Health in Intellectual Disability, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In the last two decades there is an increasing number of studies on the effects of trauma and life events in people with Intellectual Disabilities (ID). Behavioural problems and depressive symptoms are frequently reported. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a specifi c trauma-related anxiety disorder with high prevalence rates in the normal population and with disruptive effects on the patient’s everyday life. As in children, behavioural problems are supposed to be a common feature in people with ID who have been exposed to traumatic life events.
In regard to the general vulnerability of people with ID, PTSD is supposed to be considerably under diagnosed and under treated in this population. In the normal population Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) are evidence based treatment methods for PTSD. Because of its highly nonverbal character EMDR seems to be a suitable treatment method for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities.
In this workshop the focus is on
• the recognition of symptoms related to psycho trauma or to sequences of negative life experiences, illustrated by a variety of case studies on people with ID.
• EMDR treatment in children and adults with a mild, moderate or severe ID, illustrated by video presentations. The participants get opportunities to experience some working mechanisms of EMDR by supervised practicing.

Keywords: Negative Life Events Psychiatric Disorders Psycho-Social Problems

Accuracy Verified: No

372. Children’s Traumatic Stress Clinic. (2007, June). Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR). Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, 2-3.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
EMDR is a relatively new therapy established within the last 10 years or so. It is an extremely effective treatment for people – children as well as adults – who have had traumatic experiences. It is also helpful for a variety of emotional and behaviour problems in adults and children. There is a wealth of information on the Internet about current research into EMDR but this information sheet answers the questions most often asked by parents and children.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

373. Brown, S. H., Stowasser, J. E., & Shapiro, F. (2011). Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR): Mental health-substance use. In D. B. Cooper (Ed.), Intervention in Mental Health-Substance Use (pp. 165-193) United Kingdom: Radcliffe Publishing Ltd .

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Substance use disorders remain a persistent social and medical problem. According to a recent report,1 addiction is the number one health problem in the United States. The report notes that when one considers the direct costs of drug-induced health problems, deaths due to accidents, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), or drug-related acts of violent crime, there are ‘more deaths, illnesses and disabilities from substance abuse than from any other preventable health condition’.1 Most experts today agree that substance use disorders are a complex interaction between genetics, environment, and experience. ‘Substance dependence is not a failure of will or of strength of character, but a medical disorder that could affect any human being. Dependence is a chronic and relapsing disorder, often co-occurring with other physical and mental conditions’.2 The question remains - Why has it been that over the course of human history, where people and cultures have had access to alcohol and potent mind-altering substances, that only some become addicted while the rest are able to regulate their use? The drugs that people experiencing substance use disorders select are not chosen randomly, but are a result of an interaction between the psychopharmacologic action of the drug and the dominant painful feelings with which they struggle. Edward Khantzian, observed that opiates are often preferred because of their powerful numbing action on the affects of rage and aggression. Cocaine has its appeal because of its ability to relieve distress associated with depression. Although ill-fated, ‘addicts discover that the short-term effects of their drugs of choice help them cope with distressful subjective states and an external reality otherwise experienced as unmanageable or overwhelming’. Thus emerges a compelling hypothesis, which proposes that people use psychoactive substances in an attempt to control painful symptoms resulting from psychological trauma. This is referred to as ‘self-medication’. Some studies in the United States show that more than 50% of people with mental disorders also suffer from substance dependence compared to 6% of the general population.2 It is from our interest in providing integrated treatment for the complex interaction of genes, environment, trauma, and psychological pain as a driving force behind mental health-substance use disorders, that this chapter is written.

Keywords: Substance Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

374. Montgomery, R. W., & Ayllon, T. (1994, March). Eye movement desensitization across images: A single case design. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 25(1), 23-28. doi:10.1016/0005-7916(94)90059-0 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The use of eye movement desensitization (EMD) was investigated in a multiple baseline across two images. The subject was diagnosed as suffering from PTSD and had suffered from two distinct traumas which continued to generate intrusive disturbing images. Dependent variables included self-report information (Subjective Units of Distress, behavioral symptoms reports) and physiological data (heart rate and systolic blood pressure). Subjective and physiological data both demonstrated significant changes during the course of treatment which were maintained at a 2-month follow-up. This study represents the first investigation of EMD with multiple images within a single subject experimental design. Findings suggest that generalization across the images under investigation was not demonstrated. EMD treatment gains were clinically significant. However, the immediate and profound effects often cited in the literature were not demonstrated. [Author Summary]

Keywords: Americans Assault Case Report Females Longitudinal Study Middle Aged Motor Traffic Accidents Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

375. Montgomery, R. W., & Ayllon, T. (1994, September). Eye movement desensitization across subjects: Subjective and physiological measures of treatment efficacy. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 25(3), 217-230. doi:10.1016/0005-7916(94)90022-1.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Eye movement desensitization (EMD) was investigated in an experimental multiple baseline across subjects design. Six subjects who met the diagnostic criteria for PTSD were included in the study. While the EMD technique advanced by Shapiro has been reported to be clinically effective, major methodological issues have been raised which remain to be addressed. One issue raised is whether exposure to the traumatic image is sufficient to account for the reported clinical effects of EMD or whether the addition of saccadic eye movements is central to the treatment. This study attempted to address this concern by comparing two EMD-based procedures: a Non-saccade phase (without the saccadic eye movements) which functioned as a control and a second that included saccadic eye movements. Dependent variables included self-report information (SUDs, behavioral symptoms reports) and physiological data (heart rate and systolic blood pressure). The results showed no significant decreases in SUDs level with the EMD minus the saccadic eye movements procedure. However, five of the six subjects reported clinically significant decreases in their SUDs levels with the inclusion of the saccadic eye movements. This study appears to corroborate previous work employing single-case design as well as pre and postcomparisons. [Author Summary]

Keywords: Adults Americans Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychophysiology PTSD Stressors Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

376. Solomon, R. M. (1993-1994, Winter). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. LifeNet, 4(4).

Language: English

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
I have often been have asked to elaborate on Eye Movement Desensitize and Reprocessing (EMDR). This is a therapeutic technique developed by Dr. Francine Shapiro in 1987. It is most frequently utilized in the treatment of traumatic or anxiety evoking memories. Clinical experiences indicate that EMDR rapidly desensitizes traumatic memories and images,and significantly reduces trauma symptoms.

Keywords: General Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

377. Posterski, J. (2005, July 1). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. EAP News, 9(3), 1-2.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
What is EMDR? EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is a powerful and relatively new form of psychotherapy which has been very successful in helping people who suffer from trauma, anxiety, panic, disturbing memories, post traumatic stress, and many other emotional challenges. The EMDR therapy uses bilateral stimulation (eye movement, tactile stimulation, or acoustic stimulation) which repeatedly activates the opposite sides of the brain, releasing emotional experiences that are Atrapped@ in the nervous system. This assists the neuro‑physiological system, the basis of the mind/body connection, to free itself of blockages and reconnect itself.

Keywords: EAP Employee Assistance Program

Accuracy Verified: Yes

378. Fernandez, I. (2001, Aprile). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Psicoterapia Cognitiva e Comportamentale, 7(1), 35.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
L'articolo di J. Wolpe e J. Abrams presenta un caso trattato nel 1991 con Eye Movement Desensitization (EMD), erano le prime applicazioni cliniche dopo la scoperta di F. Shapiro nel 1989 dell'azione dei movimenti oculari sullo stress traumatico e sulle situazioni ansiogene. Negli anni successivi l'EMD è diventato EMDR, infatti, la desensibilizzazione è il primo effetto che avviene durante una seduta dove viene applicata la stimolazione bilaterale, ma successivamente l'osservazione massiccia ed approfondita degli effetti clinici di questo metodo terapeutico ha rivelato che il processo che avviene è molto più complesso. È stato notato che simultaneamente alla desensibilizzazione avviene una ristrutturazione cognitiva e che entrambe sono il risultato dell'elaborazione dell'informazione legata ai ricordi traumatici. Nel lavoro realizzato con la paziente Shirley, Wolpe descrive tutta la storia di terapie a cui era stata sottoposta fino a quel momento che però non erano riuscite ad affrontare e risolvere l'esperienza traumatica della violenza sessuale. L'EMDR è stato efficace perché ha lavorato sul piano neurofisiologico, dove l'informazione è immagazzinata in modo disfunzionale ed è accessibile soltanto a questo livello, infatti, le terapie prettamente verbali non sempre riescono ad accedere e ad agire su questo piano e di conseguenza non riescono a modificare gli aspetti clinici legati alle esperienze di stress traumatico. Il programma terapeutico di Wolpe per l'introduzione dell'EMDR si è focalizzato inizialmente sull'esperienza traumatica della violenza (2 sedute) e dopo aver elaborato l'esperienza in sé sono stati individuati altri bisogni terapeutici legati all'ansia sociale e agli spunti agorafobici. Le 5 sedute successive sono state utilizzate per la desensibilizzazione di una serie di situazioni a cui era stato attribuito dalla paziente un valore della scala SUD. Si è iniziato dalla situazione più ansiogena (85) nella scala SUD e anziché utilizzare il rilassamento proprio della desensibilizzazione sistematica, sono stati realizzati movimenti oculari. La paziente riportava una riduzione dell'ansia dopo ogni set di stimolazione bilaterale e l'immagine della situazione temuta tendeva a sparire e in alcune situazioni addirittura diventava positiva. La ristrutturazione cognitiva è avvenuta nella paziente in modo spontaneo man mano che la terapia procedeva, fino a riportare che poteva camminare per strada sentendosi una cittadina normale, avendo un progetto per il futuro, inoltre aveva smesso quasi completamente di bere e si sentiva che un peso si era sollevato dalle sue spalle. Riportava di essere più rilassata sul lavoro, si godeva le passeggiate solitarie sulla spiaggia, aveva cominciato a curare il suo aspetto fisico e aveva iniziato ad avere interesse per gli uomini e ad avvicinarsi a qualcuno, ha riportato che non temeva più di essere violentata e non aveva più i pensieri suicidi e gli autori hanno ritenuto la terapia conclusa. I risultati si sono mantenuti ai vari follow up realizzati nel tempo. Quindi possiamo vedere i risultati della terapia con EMDR a livello cognitivo, nelle attribuzioni che fa del mondo e di se stessa, differenziando i pericoli veri da quelli meramente ansiogeni, soggettivo per quello che la paziente riporta emotivamente e a livello comportamentale, dove ha messo in atto dei nuovi comportamenti adattivi in modo spontaneo. Nella parte conclusiva gli autori menzionano una serie di 100 casi che sarebbero stati pubblicati nel Journal of Behaviour Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry e si augurano che altre pubblicazioni potessero rispondere al bisogno di delucidare i meccanismi che permettono questi cambiamenti dopo una seduta di EMDR. Come si evince dagli articoli che vengono pubblicati in questo numero la ricerca, il lavoro empirico e le osservazioni cliniche hanno dato un grande contributo in questo senso negli ultimi anni. Sull'EMDR sono stati pubblicati più di 150 articoli che ne dimostrano la efficacia. Tra le riviste scientifiche più accreditate dove sono pubblicati dei lavori di ricerca sull'EMDR troviamo: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, British Journal of Clinical Psychology, Journal of Anxiety Disorders, Journal of Behaviour and experimental psychiatry, Behavioural and Cognitive psychotherapy, Behaviour Therapy, Journal of traumatic stress, The Clinical Psychologist, Journal of Psychotherapy integration, Harvard Mental Health letter, Journal of Clinical psychology, Psychotherapy, British Journal of Psychiatry, International Journal of Psychiatry. Inoltre, sono stati pubblicati libri e manuali per terapeuti tradotti in varie lingue (in Italia dall'Astrolabio e dalla Mc Graw Hill Italia). Inoltre, recentemente, l'International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ISTSS) ha stabilito e comunicato che l'EMDR è uno dei metodi terapeutici più rapidi ed efficaci per superare e risolvere il disturbo post-traumatico da stress.

The article by J. Wolpe, J. Abrams has a case treated in 1991 with Eye Movement Desensitization (EMD), were the first clinical applications since the discovery of F. Shapiro in 1989 of the eye movements on traumatic stress and anxiety-provoking situations. In subsequent years the EMD became EMDR, in fact, the first effect is the desensitization that occurs during a session where the stimulation is applied bilaterally, but then observing massive and thorough clinical effects of this therapy revealed that the process that takes place is much more complex. It was noted that desensitization occurs simultaneously with a cognitive restructuring, and that both are the result of information related to traumatic memories. In work done with the patient Shirley, Wolpe describes the history of therapies that had been subjected up to that point but had failed to address and resolve the traumatic experience of sexual violence. EMDR was effective because he worked on the neurophysiological level, where information is stored in a dysfunctional and is accessible only at this level, in fact, purely verbal therapies are not always able to access and act on this plan and therefore can not modify the clinical aspects related to the experience of traumatic stress. The treatment plan for the introduction of Wolpe EMDR focused initially traumatic experience of violence (2 sessions) and after processing the experience itself more therapeutic needs were identified related to social anxiety and agoraphobic cues . 5 The subsequent sessions were used for the desensitization of a variety of situations to which the patient was given a value of SUD scale. It was started by the most anxiety-inducing situation (85) in the scale instead of using SUD and their relaxation in systematic desensitization, eye movements were made. The patient reported a reduction in anxiety after each set of bilateral stimulation and the image of the feared situation, and tended to disappear in some situations even became positive. The cognitive restructuring has taken place in the patient spontaneously as the therapy progressed, he could bring up to walk down the street feeling like a normal citizen, having a vision for the future, also had almost completely stopped drinking and felt that a weight had lifted from his shoulders. Reported to be more relaxed at work, enjoyed solitary walks on the beach, he began to treat her physical appearance and had started to have interest to men and to approach someone, reported that no longer feared being raped and not had more suicidal thoughts and the authors have considered the therapy ended. The results were maintained at various follow-up made in time. So we can see the results of EMDR therapy at the cognitive level, which is within the functions of the world and of itself, differentiating the real dangers than mere anxiety, subjective to what the patient experiences emotional and behavioral level, where he implemented of new adaptive behaviors in a spontaneous way. In the concluding section the authors refer to a series of 100 cases were published in the Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry and hope that other publications might respond to the need to elucidate the mechanisms that allow these changes after a session of EMDR. It is clear from articles published in this issue the research, the empirical work and clinical observations have given a great contribution in this direction in recent years. EMDR has been published over 150 articles which demonstrate its effectiveness. Among the most accredited scientific journals which are published on EMDR research work are: the Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, British Journal of Clinical Psychology, Journal of Anxiety Disorders, Journal of Behavior and Experimental Psychiatry, Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, Behaviour Therapy , Journal of Traumatic Stress, The Clinical Psychologist, Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, Harvard Mental Health Letter, American Journal of Clinical Psychology, Psychotherapy, British Journal of Psychiatry, International Journal of Psychiatry. Were also published books and manuals for therapists translated into several languages (in Italy and the McGraw Hill dall'Astrolabio Italy). In addition, recently, the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ISTSS) has established and communicated that EMDR is one of the fastest and most effective treatment methods to overcome and resolve the post-traumatic stress disorder.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

379. Beer, R., & de Roos, C. (2004, March). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) bij kinderen en adolescenten, theorie en empirie [Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) with children and adolescents. Theoretical considerations and empirical evidence]. Kind en Adolescent, 20(1), 38-53.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Het belang van effectieve behandelingen voor kinderen en adolescenten die lijden aan de gevolgen van traumatische ervaringen wordt versterkt. Een beschrijving van de EMDR-procedure is gevolgd door een bespreking van de voordelen van EMDR vergeleken met een andere behandeling procedures voor deze jonge doelgroep-bevolking. De meest prominente feitelijke hypothesen over de mogelijke verklaringen voor de effecten zijn opgenomen. En de empirische status van EMDR wordt gekenmerkt op basis van gecontroleerde studies van EMDR met volwassenen en kinderen. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, alle rechten voorbehouden)

The importance of effective treatments for children and adolescents suffering from the consequences of traumatic experiences is amplified. A description of the EMDR procedure is followed by a discussion of the advantages of EMDR compared with other treatment procedures for this young target-population. The most prominent actual hypotheses concerning the possible explanations for the effects are listed. And the empirical status of EMDR is characterised on the basis of controlled studies of EMDR with adults and children. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Adolescents Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

380. Beer, R., & de Roos, C. (2004). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) bij kinderen en adolescenten, theorie en empirie [Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) with children and adolescents. Theoretical considerations and empirical evidence]. Kind en Adolescent, 25(1), 24-33. doi:10.1007/BF03060901 .

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
In dit artikel wordt het belang toegelicht van effectieve behandelingsmogelijkheden voor kinderen en adolescenten die lijden onder de gevolgen van schokkende en ingrijpende ervaringen. Na een beschrijving van de werkwijze bij Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (emdr) volgt een bespreking van voordelen verbonden aan deze procedure in vergelijking met andere behandelingsprocedures bij deze jonge doelgroep. De belangrijkste actuele hypothesen ten aanzien van het veronderstelde werkingsmechanisme worden op een rijtje gezet. Vervolgens kenschetsen de auteurs de empirische status van emdr op basis van gecontroleerde onderzoeken met emdr bij volwassenen en bij kinderen.

This article explains the importance of effective treatment options for children and adolescents who suffer the consequences of shocking and dramatic experiences. After describing the method for Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a discussion of advantages to this procedure as compared to other treatment procedures in this young group. The main current hypotheses regarding the supposed mechanism be put on a list. Next, the authors characterize the empirical status of EMDR through controlled EMDR studies in adults and children.

Keywords: Adolescents Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

381. Ali, M. W., & Rana, M. H. (2008, June). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in patients of PTSD following earthquake 2005, Pakistan. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Objective: The purpose of the study is to asses the usefulness of EMDR in patients of PTSD who survived the October 2005 earthquake in Pakistan. Background: On October the 8th an earthquake of 7.6 on rector scale struck Kashmir and Northwest of Pakistan leaving millions injured and more than 80,000 dead. A survey of the affected areas has shown a high prevalence of PTSD amongst the survivors. A selected series of patients with the diagnosis of PTSD from amongst the survivors is enrolled for EMDR at CTRPI. The study is based on their response to this intervention. Design and Settings: The study involves an ongoing compilation of clinical data and the study of therapeutic responses to various interventions including EMDR, at a tertiary mental health facility and Centre for Trauma Research and Psychosocial Interventions (CTRPI), Rawalpindi /Islamabad, Pakistan. This mental health facility is the tertiary care referral point for patients from metal health relief units located allover in earthquake affected areas of Azad Kashmir and Northwest of Pakistan. Method: Earthquake survivors who develop psychosocial sequelae referred to CTRPI from Kashmir, who go on to fulfill the criteria of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder according to ICD-10 are registered for further studies and appropriate interventions. A select group who give informed consent for EMDR are then included for detailed evaluation and follow up. Sessions are conducted in eight phases from manuals by therapists who are trained till level 2 in the method. Pre- treatment assessment is done by an independent assessor for scores on Impact of Event Scale and Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). The post treatment assessment is conducted 1 week after the treatment with the same procedures as at pretreatment. In session Scoring of subjective unit of distress is also recorded serially. According to the degree of improvement and severity of illness, sessions of EMDR are carried out with the duration of about 60 to 90 minutes each session and with a minimum of 6 sessions using the bilateral stimulation. The authors plan to compile their work with ten patients who fulfill the prerequisites of the study in process. Results: The work has been done so far on three clients which suggest that EMDR is effective in reducing the scores of IES back to normal and there is marked difference in the GAF level after the said intervention. It has a dramatic effect on 29 within-session SUD levels .Furthermore, at a qualitative level it is observed that involvement of other family members in the therapeutic process may improve treatment adherence. Conclusions: Ongoing results of this study tend to suggest that the EMDR is an effective intervention for patients of PTSD following a natural disaster like an earth quake. However, the results drawn cannot be generalized on account of their small count.

Keywords: Earthquake Pakistan Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

382. Marich, J. N. (2009, May). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in the addiction continuing care: A phenomenological study of women treated in early recovery. Capella University, Minneapolis, MN. UMI 3355347.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
The purpose of this study is to explore: (a) the lived experiences of clients participating in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) treatment as part of their addiction continuing care, and (b) the impact of the EMDR experience on their lives as individuals recovering from addiction. A review of the critical literature was conducted to reveal a wealth of information concerning EMDR's efficacy with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), suggestions for implementing EMDR into addiction treatment, and various ethical-clinical issues that continue to be addressed within the scope of EMDR treatment. Research on implementing EMDR as part of the overall addiction recovery process is minimal at present. In this study, ten women who received EMDR at a treatment program in the urban Midwest participated in a semi-standardized phenomenological interview to share their experiences with active addiction, treatment, EMDR, and recovery. Using Giorgi's Descriptive Phenomenological Psychological Method to analyze the data, four major thematic areas emerged: safety as an essential crucible of the EMDR experience, accessing the emotional core as vital to the recovery experience, lifestyle change, and using a combination of factors for successful treatment. All ten of the women who came forward through the established recruitment process expressed positive sentiments about their EMDR experiences, and in various degrees, they credited their EMDR treatment with being a crucial competent of their addiction continuing care processes. As a collective sample, the participants shared experiences about how EMDR altered their perspectives of self, others, and situations. These perspective shifts resulted in meaningful lifestyle changes that were critical to developing healthy, enduring recoveries.[Author abstract]

Keywords: Addiction Early Recovery Women

Accuracy Verified: Yes

383. Fannin, J. L. (1998, February). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in the treatment of anxiety as it pertains to work-related issues. Walden University, Minneapolis, MN. AAT 9804439.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect Eye Movement Densitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) has as a treatment protocol on work-related stressors. Today's faster pace, the growing perception of job insecurity, greater demands on the job, and inability to juggle family and work responsibilities has left millions of Americans to experience the debilitating effects of anxiety and stress. Many people lack the knowledge, resources, and strategies to effectively deal with such problems. The issue of stressors in work-related situations is costly and negatively impacts many individuals, organizations, and families. EMDR was found to be both effective and efficient in removing or substantially decreasing anxiety associated with work-related stressors and increase the association to positive cognitions. The data indicated both statistical and clinical improvement in all four areas of measure: subjective units of disturbance (SUD), verification of cognition (VOC), emotional state, and trait anxiety, after EMDR had been administered to members of the experimental group. This study found no statistical significance with these measures as they pertain to the control group. The three null hypotheses were rejected. Several different measures were employed to evaluate the statistical significance of the data produced by this study. Process measures of the verification of cognition (VOC) and subjective units of disturbance (SUD) scales were evaluated through paired sample t-tests. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate the state and trait anxiety measures. Interactional analysis tested the hypotheses for interaction using repeated measures ANOVA with method and time. Pearson's product moment correlation tested for the association between two variables. Further study is recommended in both the conceptual and theoretical foundations of the EMDR protocol. Such research could lead to more effective and cost-efficient therapy for a wide range of problems affecting the individual, family, and the organization. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved) Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 58(8-B), Feb 1998, pp. 4512.

Keywords: Anxiety Empirical Study Eye Movement Desensitization Therapy Occupational Stress Stress Management Treatment Outcome/Clinical Trial Workplace Stress

Accuracy Verified: Yes

384. Reyes, M. A. (1999, October). The eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) program: intervention for children with posttraumatic stress disorder. Carlos Albizu University, Miami, FL. AAT 9925128.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
This dissertation examines research pertaining to the diagnosis and characteristics of childhood Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), natural disasters, and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) theory and technique in children. In addition, the effectiveness of EMDR theory and technique related to childhood PTSD is reviewed. The purpose of this study is to develop a program within a school setting suitable for children diagnosed with PTSD as a result of having witnessed, confronted, or experienced a natural disaster. The program is referred to as the EMDR Program or the Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Program. An attempt was made to be like no other programs related to children and natural disasters researched. The program's goal is to design a program that investigates the effectiveness of EMDR theory and technique related to children who have developed PTSD as a result of being exposed to a hurricane, tornado, flood, earthquake, or fire. The objectives of this program include creating a safe environment in order to help children reprocess their traumatic experiences within a short period of time utilizing EMDR with age appropriate alterations as suggested by Shapiro (1995) and Greenwald (1997). The philosophy of this program is based on an Accelerated Information Processing Model. The EMDR program established an admission criteria and a means of monitoring the progress of each child. An evaluation and budget were also proposed as a guide, were this design be implemented. Overall, it was believed that by utilizing EMDR with age appropriate alterations, the EMDR program would help children overcome their PTSD symptoms related to their traumatic experiences involving natural disasters within a short period of time. (Abstract shortened by UMI.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved) Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 60(4-B), Oct 1999, pp. 1869.

Keywords: Children Natural Disasters Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

385. Wittje-Berger, T. (2012). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) zur belastungsreduzierung bei kindern und jugendlichen in der integrativen lerntherapie [And reprocessing eye movement desensitization (EMDR) for stress reduction in children and adolescents in integrative learning therapy]. Aachen Verlag.

Language: German

Format: Book

Abstract:
Die Autorin untersucht in ihrer Forschungsarbeit den Einsatz der EMDR-Methode innerhalb der integrativen Lerntherapie zur gezielten Belastungsreduzierung bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. Die EMDR-Methode gilt als effektives Psychotherapieverfahren insbesondere für posttraumatische Belastungsstörungen bei Kindern, Jugendlichen und Erwachsenen. Für die EMDR-Arbeit mit Kindern und Jugendlichen werden weitere wissenschaftliche Forschungsarbeiten gefordert. Dazu leistet die vorliegende Pilotstudie ihren Beitrag. Die EMDR-Therapie bietet einen methodenübergreifenden Zugang. In dieser Untersuchung wurde der Versuch unternommen, die Belastungen und Auffälligkeiten der Kinder und Jugendlichen mit einem neuen (innovativen) lern- und psychotherapeutischen Therapiekonzept (Integrative Lerntherapie plus EMDR-Therapie) zu behandeln. ...In der ?Fazitfrage? zur Einschätzung der Belastung ihrer Kinder bemerkten die Eltern am Ende des Behandlungszeitraums mit EMDR eine signifikante Verringerung der Belastungen. Bei der Intervention ohne EMDR gab es nur geringfügige Veränderungen, die sogar auf eine leicht stärkere Belastung hinwiesen. Die Daten verdeutlichen, dass die durch die Eltern wahrgenommenen Belastungen ihrer Kinder nur bei zusätzlicher EMDR-Therapie reduziert wurden. Zusammenfassend sprechen die Erfahrungen mit der praktischen Durchführung der EMDR-Behandlungen innerhalb der integrativen Lerntherapie für das vorliegende Behandlungskonzept. Ein positiver Einfluss der EMDR-Therapie auf die Reduzierung von Belastungssymptomen und Verhaltensauffälligkeiten sowie auf bessere schulische Leistungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen scheint gegeben. Die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse könnten sich im Rahmen eines Gesamtbehandlungsplanes als praxisrelevant für lerntherapeutische Institutionen und für den kreativen Einsatz der EMDR-Methode erweisen. Darüber hinaus ermutigen sie zur weiteren Forschung und Durchführung künftiger Projekte.

The author examines the use of their research in EMDR in the integrative learning for targeted therapy stress reduction in children and adolescents. The EMDR method is considered effective psychotherapy methods, particularly for post traumatic stress disorder in children, adolescents and adults. For the EMDR work with children and young people, further scientific research will be required. This makes the present pilot study their contribution. The EMDR therapy offers a cross-access methods. In this study, an attempt was made to the stresses and abnormalities in children and adolescents with a new (innovative) approach to learning and psychotherapeutic treatment (therapy plus learning Integrative EMDR therapy) to treat. ...In? Conclusion question? to assess the burden of their children, the parents noticed at the end of the period of treatment with EMDR, a significant reduction of stress. During the intervention without EMDR There were only slight changes were even able to load a slightly stronger. The data show that the perceived pressures from parents to their children only when additional EMDR therapy were reduced. To summarize the experiences speak to the practice of EMDR treatment within the integrative learning therapy for the treatment of this concept. A positive effect of EMDR therapy on the reduction of stress symptoms and behavioral problems as well as improved academic performance in children and adolescents seems to be given. The findings could prove to be part of an overall treatment plan as a practical therapeutic relevance to learning institutions and the creative use of the EMDR method. They also encourage further research and implementation of future projects.

Keywords: Adolescents Children Integrative Play Therapy Stress Reduction

Accuracy Verified: Yes

386. Wittje-Berger, T. (2012). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) zur belastungsreduzierung bei kindern und jugendlichen in der integrativen lerntherapie [Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) for stress reduction in children and adolescents in the integrative learning therapy]. Zugl: Hamburg University.

Language: German

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Keywords: Adolescents Children Integrative Learning Therapy Stress Reduction

Accuracy Verified: Yes

387. Shapiro, F. (1998). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): Accelerated information processing and affect-driven constructions. Crisis Intervention and Time-Limited Treatment, 4(2-3), 145-157 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Serves as an introduction to the primary concepts and procedures of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), as well as briefly reviews the present state of research on its efficacy in the area of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). EMDR is a complex method that incorporates salient aspects of many of the major therapeutic modalities. The basic underlying principles are elucidated in the Accelerated Information Processing model which posits the ability to directly access and process dysfunctional perceptions that were stored at the time of the traumatic event. These state-dependent perceptions are considered the primary cause of posttraumatic stress symptomatology. Additionally, rigid and maladaptive schemata are assumed to be caused by earlier life experiences that are dysfunctionally stored. The primary goal of EMDR is to release clients from the non-adaptive bonds of the past, thereby providing them with the ability to make positive and flexible choices in the present. Current research on EMDR substantiates its ability to rapidly and effectively process the targeted event and attendant traumata. The eight phases of treatment are considered necessary to resolve the somatically-based pathologies. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Primary Concepts and Procedures

Accuracy Verified: Yes

388. de Jongh, A., & ten Broeke, E. (1996, April). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): Een procedure voor de behandeling van aan trauma gerelateerde angst [Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): A procedure for the treatment of trauma-related anxiety]. Tijdschrift voor Psychotherapie, 22(2), 53-64. doi:10.1007/BF03079287.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR ) is een relatief nieuwe procedure op het terrein van de psychotherapie. Ervaringen met EMDR geven aanleiding tot hoopvolle verwachtingen van de behandeling van diverse aan trauma gerelateerde angststoornissen, met name post–traumatische stress–stoornis (PTSS). Onderdeel van deze procedure is dat de therapeut bij de cliënt een aantal snelle en ritmische oogbewegingen uitlokt door te vragen zijn of haar vinger te volgen, terwijl de cliënt een beeld van de traumatische herinnering in gedachten houdt. In dit artikel worden de achtergronden en de principes van EMDR belicht en wordt de stapsgewijze procedure uitvoerig beschreven. Een gevalsbeschrijving van een cliënt met een paniekstoornis en een tandartsfobie laat zien dat EMDR kan leiden tot een langdurige vermindering van angstklachten. Tevens wordt ingegaan op de huidige stand van zaken van de wetenschappelijke ondersteuning van EMDR . Het toepassen van EMDR bij PTSSwordt door wetenschappelijk onderzoek gesteund, maar empirische ondersteuning voor de therapeutische effectiviteit van EMDR bij andere angststoornissen ontbreekt.

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a relatively new procedure in the field of psychotherapy. Experiences with EMDR give rise to hopes of treating various anxiety disorders related to trauma, especially post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Part of this procedure is that the therapist and the client a number of rapid rhythmic eye movements provoked by asking his or her finger to follow, while the customer a picture of the traumatic memory in mind. This article describes the background and principles of EMDR and highlights the stepwise procedure in detail. A case report of a patient with a dental phobia and panic disorder showed that EMDR could lead to a prolonged reduction of anxiety. It also discusses the current state of the scientific support of EMDR. The use of EMDR in PTSSwordt supported by scientific research, but empirical support for the therapeutic efficacy of EMDR with other anxiety disorders is lacking.

Keywords: Clinical Case Study Dental Phobia Empirical Study Follow-up Study Panic Disorder Phobia Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Stressors Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

389. Deen, M. L., & Droogendijk, J. S. (2008, Juli). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): Effect van therapeutinstructies op psychologische en fysiologische maten [Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): Effect of therapist instructions on psychological and physiological measures]. Utrecht, Nederlands: Universiteit Utrecht.

Language: Dutch

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Op basis van eerder onderzoek door Lee en Drummond (2007) heeft dit onderzoek onderzocht de invloed van de aard van de therapeut instructies (herbeleven en afstand) op de verwerking van pijnlijke herinneringen. De hypothese was dat afstand instructies, instructies ten opzichte van herbeleven, zou leiden tot een sterkere daling van subjectieve angst en nowness van het evenement. Bovendien was de verwachting dat de levendigheid van het evenement zou afnemen tijdens de sessie, ongeacht de instructies. In elke onder de sympathische en parasympathische activiteit van het zenuwstelsel wordt gemeten. Het was verondersteld dat de sympathische activiteit zou een sterkere daling in de afstand conditie moet beschikken in vergelijking met de toestand herbeleven. Een sterkere stijging werd verwacht voor de parasympathische activiteit in de afstand staat, in vergelijking met de toestand herbeleven. Bovendien, aan het begin van de zitting van de sympathische activiteit hoger zou zijn in het herbeleven conditie dan in de afstand voorwaarde dat, in tegenstelling tot de parasympathische activiteit. Het onderzoek is uitgevoerd door en onder universitaire studenten. Een gedetailleerd protocol - gebaseerd op de originele Eye Movement en Desensibilisatie Reprocessing (EMDR; Shapiro, 1989) protocol - werd gebruikt. De deelnemers (12 mannen en 24 vrouwen, gemiddelde leeftijd 22,4 jaar) werden gevraagd om een pijnlijke herinnering roepen, waarna de inhoud van de geheugen was gedesensibiliseerd door een herbeleving of afstand instructies. De resultaten tonen geen verschil in doeltreffendheid (Suds, Nowness-Scale en levendigheid) tussen afstand en herbeleven voorwaarden. Er was ook geen significant verschil gevonden in het sympathische (PEP) en parasympathische (HR-en RMSSD) activiteit. Mede op basis van de gebruikte maatregelen kan worden geconcludeerd dat de manipulatie van de voorwaarden is mislukt. Voor toekomstig onderzoek wordt aanbevolen dat het protocol worden uitgebreid en het toevoegen van een controle conditie aan het onderzoek. [Auteur abstracte]

Based on previous research by Lee and Drummond (2007) this research has examined the influence of the type of therapist instructions (reliving and distancing) on the processing of distressing memories. It was hypothesized that distancing instructions, compared to reliving instructions, would cause a stronger decrease in subjective distress and nowness of the event. Furthermore it was expected that the vividness of the event would decrease during the session, regardless of the instructions. In every subject the sympathetic and parasympathetic activity of the nervous system is measured. It was supposed that the sympathetic activity would have a stronger decrease in the distancing condition compared to the reliving condition. A stronger increase was expected for the parasympathetic activity in the distancing condition, in comparison with the reliving condition. Moreover, at the beginning of the session the sympathetic activity would be higher in the reliving condition than in the distancing condition, in contrast to the parasympathetic activity. The research has been conducted by and among university students. A detailed protocol – based on the original Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR; Shapiro, 1989) protocol – was used. Participants (12 males and 24 females, mean age 22.4 year) were asked to recall a distressing memory, after which the content of the memory was desensitized by either reliving or distancing instructions. Results show no difference in effectiveness (SUDS, Nowness-Scale and Vividness) between reliving and distancing conditions. There was also no significant difference found in the sympathetic (PEP) and parasympathetic (HR and RMSSD) activity. Partly based on the used measures it can be concluded that the manipulation of the conditions failed. For future research it is recommended that the protocol be expanded and to add a control condition to the research. [Author abstract]

Keywords: Physiological Measures Psychological Measures Therapist's Instructions

Accuracy Verified: Yes

390. Karlsson, A. (2002). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): En presentation och analys av metoden, samt redogörelse för svenska utövares upplevelser [Eye Movement desensitization and processing (EMDR): A presentation and analysis of the method, and explanation of Swedish practitioners' experiences]. Psykologexamensarbete, Stockholms Universersit Psyckologiska Institutionen. .

Language: Swedish

Format: Other

Abstract:
Posttraumatiskt stressyndrom är en komplex och mångdimensionell störning. Lyckligtvis finns det effektiva behandlingsmetoder. 1989 utvecklade Francine Shapiro metoden, sedermera namngiven, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), för behandling av traumatiska minnen. Det hävdas att mellan 84 – 100% som behandlats med EMDR inte längre uppfyller diagnoskriterierna för PTSD. Uppsatsens huvudsyfte är att göra en grundläggande granskning av EMDR och metodtillämpningen i Sverige. Datainsamling skedde genom litteraturgranskning, enkätundersökning samt intervjuer med EMDR-utbildade kliniker. Resultatet visar att EMDR är effektivare än ingen behandling alls eller icke-validerade behandlingsmetoder, såsom aktivt lyssnande. Det är däremot inte styrkt att EMDR är effektivare än KBT. Vidare antyder komponentstudier att ögonrörelsestimulering, eller alternativ bilateral stimulering, inte är nödvändig för att uppnå behandlingsframgångar. Samtliga intervjuade utövare upplever EMDR som ett värdefullt och verksamt verktyg i behandlingsarbetet. Diskussion förs kring resultaten från effektstudierna och nödvändigheten av fortsatt forskning.

Post-traumatic stress disorder is a complex, multidimensional disorder. Fortunately there are effective treatments. 1989 Developed Francine Shapiro method, later named, eye movement desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), for the treatment of traumatic memories. It is alleged that between 84 - 100% treated with EMDR are no longer meet diagnostic criteria for PTSD. The main purpose is to make a fundamental review of the EMDR method and application in Sweden. Using data obtained from literature review, survey and interviews with EMDR-trained clinicians. The results show that EMDR is more effective than no treatment or non-validated therapies, such as active listening. It is however not shown that EMDR is more effective than CBT. Further studies suggest component of eye movement stimulation, or alternative bilateral stimulation, it is not necessary to achieve treatment success. All interviewees experienced EMDR practitioners as a valuable and effective tool in the treatment process. Talk out of the result, from efficacy trials and the need for further research.

Keywords: Component Studies Impact Studies Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Swedish Practice Travel Experiences

Accuracy Verified: Yes

391. de Jongh, A. & ten Broeke, E. (2002). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): Geprotocolleerde behandelmethode voor traumatische belevingen [Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): Treatment for traumatic experiences recorded]. Tijdschrift van de Kinder en Jeugdpsychotherapie, 29(3), 46-60.

Language: Dutch

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
No abstract available.

Keywords: Letter Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

392. Shapiro, F., & Maxfield, L. (2002, August). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): Information processing in the treatment of trauma. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58(8), 933-946. doi:10.1002/jclp.10068.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is an efficacious and efficient treatment for PTSD. This article provides a brief overview of the findings of 20 controlled-outcome studies and describes Shapiro's Adaptive Information Processing model. This model posits that pathology results when distressing experiences are processed inadequately and hypothesizes that EMDR accelerates information processing, resulting in the adaptive resolution of traumatic memories. A detailed description of the eight phases of treatment highlights the procedures, assumptions, and clinical observations that currently guide EMDR clinical practice. A case study, with an in-session transcript, illustrates the application of EMDR to address the past events that have laid the groundwork for dysfunction, the present circumstances that elicit distress, and skills acquisition needed for adaptive functioning (Pilots).

Keywords: Clinical Case Study Cognitive Processes Empirical Study Information Processing Literature Review Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Psychotherapeutic Processes Treatment Process

Accuracy Verified: Yes

393. Kim, D., & Choi, J. (2004, November). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing for disorder of extreme stress: A case report. Journal of the Korean Neuropsychiatric Association, 43(6), 760-763.

Language: Korean

Format: Journal

Abstract:
A chronic psychological disorder is often encountered in adult survivors of severe and repeated child abuse. We report a case of successful Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) treatment in a multiply traumatized survivor whose previous treatments with psychotropic medication and supportive psychotherapy were unsuccessful. A series of consecutive six weekly sessions of EMDR were given. The patient completed Symptom Checklist-90-Revised. Dissociative Experiences Scale. State and Trait Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory and Impact of Event Scale-Revised at four points; at two months and a week before EMDR, a week and six months after EMDR. After EMDR, the patient improved on all the measures of scales. These gains were maintained at six months after the termination of treatment. This case suggests a possible application of EMDR with for chronic difficult-to-treat post traumatic conditions.

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

394. Servan-Schreiber, D., Schooler, J., Dew, M. A., Carter, C., & Bartone, P. (2006). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing for posttraumatic stress disorder: A pilot blinded, randomized study of stimulation type. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 75(5), 290-297. doi:10.1159/000093950.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Backgroound: Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is becoming a recognized and accepted form of psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Yet, its mechanism of action remains unclear and much controversy exists about whether eye movements or other forms of bilateral kinesthetic stimulation contribute to its clinical effects beyond the exposure elements of the procedure. Methods: Twenty-one patients with single-event PTSD (average Impact of Event Scale score: 49.5) received three consecutive sessions of EMDR with three different types of auditory and kinesthetic stimulation (tones and vibrations): intermittent alternating right-left (as commonly used with the standard EMDR protocol), intermittent simultaneous bilateral, and continuous bilateral. Therapists were blinded to the type of stimulation they delivered, and stimulation type assignment was randomized and counterbalanced. Results: All three stimulation types resulted in clinically significant reductions of subjective units of distress (SUD). Yet, alternating stimulation resulted in faster reductions of SUD when only sessions starting with a new target memory were considered. Conclusions: There are clinically significant effects of the EMDR procedure that appear to be independent of the nature of the kinesthetic stimulation used. However, alternating stimulation may confer an additional benefit to the EMDR procedure that deserves attention in future studies.

Keywords: Bilateral Kinesthetic Stimulation Type Distress Empirical Study Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapy PSTD Quantitative Study Stimulus Parameters Subjective Units of Distress SUD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

395. Marich, J. (2010, September). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in addiction continuing care: A phenomenological study of women in recovery. Psychology of Additive Behaviors, 24(3), 498-507. doi:10.1037/a0018574.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Traditional models of addiction treatment and relapse prevention fail to consider the role that unresolved trauma plays in an addicted woman's recovery experience. Implementing Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) into the treatment process offers a potential solution to this problem. Ten women (alumnae of an extended-care treatment facility) participated in a semistandardized interview to share their experiences with active addiction, treatment, EMDR therapy, and recovery. With the use of A. P. Giorgi's descriptive phenomenological psychological method for analysis, four major thematic areas emerged from the interview data: the existence of safety as an essential crucible of the EMDR experience, the importance of accessing the emotional core as vital to the recovery experience, the role of perspective shift in lifestyle change, and the use of a combination of factors for successful treatment. All 10 women, to some degree, credited EMDR treatment as a crucial component of their addiction continuing-care processes, especially in helping with emotional core access and perspective shift. Implications emerge from the data on how to best implement EMDR into a comprehensive addiction treatment program.

Keywords: Client-Centered Therapy Client Safety Phenomenology Protocols Therapeutic Alliance Therapists Training

Accuracy Verified: Yes

396. Rodenburg, R., Benjamin, A., Meijer, A. M., & Jongeneel, R. (2009, September). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in an adolescent with epilepsy and mild intellectual disability. Epilepsy & Behavior, 16(1), 175-180. doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2009.07.015.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Intellectual disability is a comorbid condition in epilepsy. People with epilepsy and intellectual disability are at high risk of developing behavioral problems. Among the many contributors to behavioral problems in people with epilepsy and intellectual disability are those of traumatic experiences. As such, behavioral problems can be seen as a reflection of these traumatic experiences. Among established trauma therapies, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is an emerging treatment that is effective in adults and also seems to be effective in children. This article is a case report of EMDR in an adolescent with epilepsy and mild intellectual disability, in whom the EMDR children’s protocol was used. The aim was to assess whether clinical trauma status significantly diminished to nonclinical status posttreatment. Change in trauma symptoms was evaluated with the Reliable Change Index (RCI). Results showed a significant decrease in trauma symptoms toward nonclinical status from pretreatment to posttreatment. EMDR consequences for epilepsy and intellectual disability are discussed.[Elsevier 2009]

Keywords: Case Report Children Epilepsy Intellectual Disability Reliable Change Index Trauma Symptoms

Accuracy Verified: Yes

397. Derksen, M. T., & Baeten, B. M. (2009). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in de ziekenhuispsychiatrie: Een stap voorwaarts [Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in hospital psychiatry: A step forward]. Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie, 51(3).

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) is een intensieve vorm van psychotherapie voor mensen die last houden van de gevolgen van een schokkende ervaring. Een deel van de getroffenen 'verwerkt' deze ervaringen op eigen kracht. Anderen ontwikkelen psychische klachten. Juist deze klachten in het hier en nu als gevolg van een schokkende gebeurtenis in het verleden maken de gebeurtenis tot een traumatische gebeurtenis. In 1993 werd emdr in Nederland geïntroduceerd. Na een bloeiende ontwikkeling onder therapeuten die werken met getraumatiseerde patiënten en tegelijkertijd veel wetenschappelijke scepsis, is emdr tegenwoordig vastgesteld als behandeling van eerste keus voor posttraumatische stressstoornis (ptss). In de afgelopen jaren werd de procedure verfijnd en evolueerde zij tot een volwaardige therapeutische behandelmethode met protocollen voor verschillende vormen van traumagerelateerde psychopathologie zoals ptss, fobieën, rouw, pijnstoornis, paniekstoornis, somatoforme stoornis en verslaving. Het is een snelle, effectieve therapievorm die zelfstandig of aanvullend binnen de behandeling kan worden gebruikt. Vorm: Tijdens deze workshop wordt de emdr-procedure in hoofdlijnen uiteengezet. De bijzondere kenmerken en effecten van emdr worden besproken en geïllustreerd met videobeelden van behandelingen van patiënten met traumatische ervaringen in de levensgeschiedenis. Het toepassingsgebied wordt besproken zodat adequaat verwezen kan worden. Er is tijd voor vragen en een interactieve discussie. Leerdoel: (1) Kennis van de emdr-procedure; (2) kennis van de plaats van emdr binnen de psychotherapie; (3) inzicht in de indicatiestelling van emdr; (4) inzicht in het nut voor psychiaters zich de emdr-methode eigen te maken als welkome aanvulling op bestaande psychotherapieën.

EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is an intensive form of psychotherapy for people to suffer from the effects of a shocking experience. Some of the victims 'process' these experiences on their own. Others develop psychological problems. Precisely these problems in the here and now because of a shocking event in the past to make the event a traumatic event. In 1993, EMDR was introduced in the Netherlands. After a thriving development among therapists working with traumatized patients, while many scientific skepticism, EMDR is now established as the treatment of choice for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In recent years, the procedure was refined and evolved it into a valuable therapeutic approach with protocols for various forms of trauma related psychopathology such as PTSD, phobias, grief, pain disorder, panic disorder, somatoform disorder and addiction. It is a fast, effective form of therapy on their own or within the additional treatment may be used. This workshop will form the EMDR procedure guidelines put out. The particular characteristics and effects of EMDR are discussed and illustrated with video images of treatment for patients with traumatic experiences in the life. The scope is to be discussed so that appropriate reference. There is a time for questions and interactive discussion. learning goal (1) Knowledge of the EMDR procedure, (2) knowledge of the location of EMDR in psychotherapy, (3) understand the indications for EMDR, (4) perceptions of the usefulness of psychiatrists to the EMDR method to own make a welcome addition to existing psychotherapies.

Keywords: Hospital Psychiatry

Accuracy Verified: Yes

398. Cerone, M. R. (2000). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in the psychological treatment of combat-related guilt: A study of the effects of eye movements. Temple University, Philadelphia, PA. AAT 9990301.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of eye movements in eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), and to test the efficacy of EMDR in the treatment of guilt associated with combat trauma. EMDR was compared to a non-eye movement (NEM) analog, which entailed the full EMDR procedure minus the eye movements. A single-case multiple component cross-over design across 7 participants was utilized.Participants were combat veterans who were receiving inpatient treatment for PTSD at the Coatesville Veterans Administration Medical Center. 4 participants were introduced first to the EMDR condition and 3 participants were introduced first to the NEM analog condition. Each participant was exposed to both conditions. Dependent measures included: (1) pre- and post-treatment scores on the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-IV - One Week Symptom Status Version (CAPS-SX), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Impact of Event Scale (IES), and Trauma Related Guilt Inventory (TRGI), (2) self-monitoring data on the frequency and intensity of intrusive thoughts, disturbing dreams, and guilt, and (3) measures of participants' subjective level of distress within sessions and pre- and post-treatment using the Subjective Units of Distress Scale (SUDS). As measured by SUDS ratings, EMDR resulted in a greater decrease in dyphoric affect within-session than the NEM analog. EMDR also resulted in a significant decrease in mean SUDS ratings from pre- to post-treatment. EMDR resulted in significant decreases in combat-related PTSD symptomatology, as measured by pre- and post-treatment scores on the CAPS-SX, BDI, and IES. EMDR also resulted in significant decreases in mean pre- and post-treatment frequency of self-reported intrusive thoughts and mean pre- and post-treatment intensity of intrusive thoughts, disturbing dreams, and guilt. Additionally, EMDR resulted in a significant decrease in pre- and post-treatment scores on one scale and two subscales of the TRGI. No differences in the mean frequency and intensity of self- reported intrusive thoughts, disturbing dreams, and guilt were detected between EMDR and the NEM analog. Results of the present study support the role of eye movements in attaining treatment gains with EMDR. Additionally, this study supports the efficacy of EMDR in the treatment of combat-related guilt. [Author Abstract] Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 61(10-B), Apr 2001, pp. 5555.

Keywords: Adults Americans Empirical Study G