Francine Shapiro Library ~ EMDR Bibliography

Francine Shapiro Library - EMDR Bibliography Links

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1. Robertson, J. M., & Williams, B. W. (2010). "Gender aware therapy" for professional men in a day treatment center. Psychotherapy Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 47(3), 316–326. doi:10.1037/a0021163.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
High accountability men in the medical, legal, corporate, and mental health professions sometimes engage in behavior that violates their fiduciary responsibilities. These highly skilled men may engage in disruptive or explosive behavior, cross sexual boundaries with clients or patients, abuse substances, or have other psychiatric problems that compromise their workplace performance. When this occurs, licensing boards, professional societies, or supervising executives often require the dysregulated man to seek assistance. This article reports on ways the Professional Renewal Center incorporates recommendations from “Gender Aware Therapy” in developing a male-friendly approach to conducting comprehensive multidisciplinary psychological assessments, and to providing intensive, multimodal, weeks-long treatment services.

Keywords: Assessment Masculinity Professionals Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

2. Oz, S. (2005). The "wall of fear": The bridge between the traumatic event and trauma resolution therapy for childhood sexual abuse survivors. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 14(3), 23-47. doi:10.1300/J070v14n03_02.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
A multitude of published books and papers on child sexual abuse (CSA) describe symptoms, long-term effects, and therapy for survivors of abuse. However, the parallels between the nature of the sexual trauma event(s) as originally experienced by the victim and the therapeutic process into which the survivor later becomes engaged have not been reported. This paper attempts to fill that gap and proposes that the concept of a "Wall of Fear" is the bridge connecting the two. In the first part of the paper, a model of the CSA experience based upon Furniss will be explained in order to point out the basis for the dissociation and other symptomology demonstrated by the CSA victim. Following that, the stages of therapy will be mapped out, with special attention to the concept of the Wall of Fear and traumatic memory resolution (abreactions) and with reference to the experience of the original traumatic events. Therapist fear of decompensation will be addressed. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Child Abuse Rape Survivors Effects Psychotherapeutic Processes Adults Body Psychotherapy TIR Traumatic Incident Reduction

Accuracy Verified: Yes

3. 平岡篤武 [Hiraoka Atsutake]. (2006). 子供のための福祉施設で子供とEMDRセッションは、性的逸脱行動を示したこと [EMDR sessions with a child in the welfare facility for children having shown sexual deviant behaviour]. Kodomo no Gyakutai to Negurekuto, 8(1), 29-38.

Language: Japanese

Format: Journal

Abstract:
ここでは子供のための福祉施設のケアの逸脱性行動を示す子とEMDRセッションについて報告されている。 1）半構造化面接をするため、自己観察は、被害者への思いやりの実現に向けて子供の可能性に関しての状況を明らかにするために、さらに犠牲者を間違って、積極的な海峡および/または支配の最終的な存在行うことで配置された。また、常軌を逸した性的行動の背後にある可能性経験に基づいて、以前の子供が性的虐待の被害者自身をしていたかどうかを確認する必要があった。 2）それが唯一の光/非重大な逸脱、人は性的虐待された逸脱子供の可能性に反映して、その存在に基づいて、必要と考えられるでしょう一般的にも。 3）は、事件の記録として性的虐待からフラッシュバックを説明し、EMDRは、性的逸脱行動が消失することが効果を適用した。過去のトラウマ記憶EMDR使用することで子供は開発中の通常のイニシアチブ-豊かな生活に戻ったことで、'安全なメモリに変更されました。 4）被害者にされて消えてしまった被害者を有するとの間のリンクとして、保護と介入手段を検討して児童相談センターや福祉施設からの協調努力のために、将来の必要性がある。 [著者抄録]

Here is reported about EMDR sessions with a child showing deviant sexual behaviour, in the care of the Welfare Facility for Children. 1) Semi-structured interviews were arranged in order to clarify the situation with regards to the child's potential for self-observation, compassion for the victim, realization of having done the victim wrong, further the eventual existence of dominating and/or aggressive straits. Further, based upon the possible sexual experience behind the deviant sexual behavior, there was a need to find out whether the child earlier had himself been a victim for sexual abuse. 2) Generally even if it only would be considered a light/non-serious deviance, one should, based upon its presence, reflect upon the possibility of the deviant child having been sexually abused. 3) As the case records describe flashbacks from sexual abuse, the EMDR was applied with the effect that the sexual deviant behaviour disappeared. By using EMDR the past traumatic memory was changed into a 'safe' memory, with the child having returned to normal initiative-rich life under development. 4) As the link between being victim and having victimized has disappeared, there is a future need for a coordinated effort from the Child Guidance Center and the Welfare Facility to consider the protection and intervention methods. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Child Children Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

4. 稲川美也子 [Inagawa Miyako] (1999). 性的被害に対するEMDRの適用 [Application of EMDR to cases of sexual victimization]. こころの臨床ア・ラカルト, 18(1), 49-55 [Clinical Psychology: Various Aspects, 18(1), 49-55].

Language: Japanese

Format: Journal

Abstract:
No abstract available.

Keywords: Sexual Victimization

Accuracy Verified: Yes

5. 田中ひな子 [Tanaka Hinako]. （2008年6月）. 性被害を受けた青年期女性へのEMDRを用いた援助田中ひな子 [Support for female victims of sexual assault during adolescence with EMDR]. こころのりんしょう第27巻02号 [Clinical Psychology: Various Aspects, 27(2), 247-251] .

Language: Japanese

Format: Journal

Keywords: Adolescents Female Sexual Assault Victims

Accuracy Verified: Yes

6. Beccari, A. (2008). Abuso sessuale sui minori: Il sostegno alle giovani vittime [On child sexual abuse: Support for young victims]. Universita Degli Studi di Parma, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract: Il filo conduttore di questo report sarà il trauma. La prima parte sarà incentrata sulla definizione di trauma, sulle risposte adattive e su quelle patologiche di fronte ad un evento negativo e sulle variabili individuali e soggettive che determinano nell’individuo un vissuto traumatico. Quest’ultimo aspetto, infatti, sappiamo essere fondamentale per capire la differenza che intercorre tra le diverse reazioni (emotiva, cognitiva e comportamentale) delle persone che si trovano ad essere esposte anche al medesimo evento disturbante. La seconda sezione sarà invece dedicata al trauma dei bambini e alle diverse modalità di condurre un assessment adeguato. La terza parte si concentrerà, nello specifico, sul trauma da abuso sessuale: ne prenderà in considerazione la definizione, le conseguenze a breve e medio-lungo termine nonchè le possibilità di sostegno alle giovani vittime di abuso sessuale intra ed extra familiare. Inoltre verrà trattata una tecnica piuttosto recente dimostratasi efficace nel trattamento del Disturbo Post-traumatico da Stress negli adulti come nei bambini: l’EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing).

The theme of this report is trauma. The first part will focus on the definition of trauma, and those on adaptive responses pathological in the face of a negative event and the individual variables and subjective determine in the individual a traumatic experience. This latter aspect, in fact, we know be crucial to understand the difference between the different reactions (emotional, cognitive and behavioral) of persons who are to be presented on the same event disturbing. The second section will be devoted to the trauma of children and the different modes of conduct a proper assessment. The third part will focus specifically on the trauma of sexual abuse: it will take consider the definitions, the short-and medium-long term as well as the possibility of support for young victims of sexual abuse within and outside the family. also will be treated fairly new technique proved effective in treating the disorder Post-traumatic Stress in adults as in children: EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing).

Keywords: Children Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

7. Forgash, C.A. (2002, November). Addressing dissociation and its negative impact on the physical health of the adult sexual abuse survivor: An integrated EMDR and ego state treatment approach. Presentation at the International Society for the Study of Dissociation Fall Conference, Baltimore, MD.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Dissociation Ego State Therapy Sexual Abuse Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

8. Twombly, J. (2001, June). Advanced adaptations in the treatment of dissociative disorders. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Austin, TX.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants of this workshop will learn how to incorporate EMDR adaptations within treatment stages of Dissociative Disordered clients. They will also learn how to facilitate stability, present time, and height orientation, set up a protective format for processing traumatic material, and applications to ego state work.

Keywords: Dissociative Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

9. Adler-Tapia, R., & Settle, C. (2008, September). Advanced applications of EMDR in child psychotherapy. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Phoenix, AZ.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This presentation is for therapists who have learned the basic EMDR protocol and are interested in expanding their skills in using EMDR in individual treatment with children. The presentation is focused on teaching therapists to use EMDR with specific childhood diagnoses or presenting problems, including children who are gifted and children who present with symptoms consistent with ADHD, dissociation, anxiety, attachment disorders, and sexual reactivity. Therapists will also learn how to use EMDR with regulatory issues in children including sleep issues and toilet training, as well as with behavioral issues, such as school phobias within AIP Theory.

Keywords: Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

10. Twombly, J. (2000, September). Advanced EMDR adaptations in the treatment of dissociative disorders. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Toronto, Ontario Canada.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will: 1) learn how to incorporate EMDR and EMDR adaptations within the stages of treatment of Dissociative Disordered (DD) clients; 2) learn how to facilitate present time, and height orientation for clients with DDs; 3) learn how to set up a protective format for processing traumatic material with DD clients; and 4) learn how to apply EMDR adaptations in ego state work.

Keywords: Dissociative Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

11. de Roos, C., & Went, M. (2011, April). Als woorden tekort schieten: EMDR bij preverbaal trauma [When words fail: EMDR for pre-verbal trauma]. Presentatie op de 5e jaarlijkse conferentie van EMDR Vereniging, Nijmegen, Nederland.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Infants (0-4 jarigen) kunnen allerlei traumatische gebeurtenissen meemaken zoals intrusieve medische handelingen, een ongeluk, seksueel misbruik en andere vormen van mishandeling. Daarnaast zijn er negatieve ervaringen die niet duidelijk identificeerbaar zijn zoals chronische oorpijn- of buikpijn. Ook deze ervaringen beinvloeden de ouder-kind interactie/ hechtingsrelatie en hebben daarmee hun weerslag op het vermogen tot emotieregulatie en het gedrag. Herinneringen aan deze gebeurtenissen zijn preverbaal en dus niet op bewust nivo toegankelijk. Daardoor worden zij gemakkelijk over het hoofd gezien als mede-oorzaak of instandhoudende factor van emotionele of gedragsproblematiek in de basisschoolleeftijd. Na aanmelding bij de Geestelijke Gezondheidszorg wordt behandeling daarom vaak gericht op de aanpak van de huidige gedragsproblematiek (symptoombestrijding). Onze ervaring is dat EMDR hier een goede aanvulling biedt. Deze methode richt zich immers op de ‘onderlaag’ van de problematiek door negatieve ervaringen die hieraan gerelateerd zijn te verwerken. Daarna kan een inhaalslag gemaakt worden met betrekking tot de emotieregulatie waardoor zowel gedrag als de ouder-kind interactie verbeteren. Aan de hand van casuïstiek van infants en schoolkinderen wordt de indicatiestelling en toepassing getoond van het EMDR protocol bij de behandeling van kinderen die in de eerste 4 levensjaren getraumatiseerd zijn. In de presentatie wordt geillustreerd hoe de ‘verhalenmethode’ geintegreerd kan worden in een breder behandelaanbod. Werkvorm In de presentatie worden theorie en praktijk gecombineerd. Videobeelden ondersteunen het verhaal.

Infants (0-4 years), all kinds of traumatic experience as intrusive medical procedures, accidents, sexual abuse and other forms ofof abuse . There are also negative experiences that are not clearly identifiable as chronic ear pain or abdominal pain. These experiences affect the parent-infant interaction / attachment relationship and thus have their impact on the capacity for emotion regulation and behavior. Memories of these events are preverbal and not accessible on a conscious level. Thus they are easily overlooked as a cause or co-maintaining factor of emotional or behavioral problems in primary school. After reporting to the Mental Health Treatment is therefore often aimed at addressing the current behavioral problems (symptoms). Our experience here is that EMDR provides a good addition. This method is focused on the 'layer' of the problem by negative experiences related to this process. Then caught up with regard to both behavior and emotion regulation allowing the parent-child interactions improve. Through case studies of infants and schoolchildren being shown the indication and application of the EMDR protocol in the treatment of children who are traumatized life on April 1. The presentation illustrated how the 'stories'method can be incorporated into a broader range of treatment. Form In the presentation combines theory and practice. Video images support the story.

Keywords: Infants Children Pre-Verbal Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

12. Negadi, F., Pelissolo, A., Jouvent, R., & Allilaire, J. F. (2007, Septembre). Application de l’EMDR en sexotraumatologie: Évolution de la comorbidité psychopathologique à propos d'un cas d'agression sexuelle [EMDR applied to sexual traumatology: Evolution of psychopathological comorbidity in the case of sexual aggression]. Annales Médico-Psychologiques, Revue Psychiatrique, 165(7), 523-528. doi:10.1016/j.amp.2007.06.002.

Language: French

Format: Journal

Abstract:
L'accès thérapeutique des patients victimes d'agression sexuelle est souvent à travers une double perspective: celle du traitement de stress post-traumatique (SSPT) et d'évitement sexuel. En légère ou modérée cas de SSPT, il ya des formes complexes où la comorbidité est plus évident et le taux d'échec thérapeutique est plus important. À l'heure actuelle des méthodes de traitement actif, basé sur l'exposition, plus particulièrement EMDR (désensibilisation des mouvements oculaires et retraitement) considérée comme une thérapie brève et active, donnent de bons résultats dans le traitement de la symptomatologie traumatique. Peu d'études ont été menées sur l'évolution psychopathologique de patients ayant souffert d'agressions sexuelles et qui sont pris en charge par l'EMDR. Dans le cadre d'une étude de cas, les auteurs discutent des éléments indiquant une évolution rapide de la symptomatologie traumatique, l'évitement sexuel et de la régression de l'expression des signes de co-morbidité. [Auteur] Résumé

The therapeutic access of patients victims of sexual aggression is often through a double perspective: That of treating Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and of sexual avoidance. In light or moderate PTSD cases, there are complex forms in which co-morbidity is more evident and the rate of therapeutic failure is more important. At present active treatment methods based on exposure, more particularly EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) considered as a brief and active therapy, give good results in the treatment of traumatic symptomatology. Few studies have been undertaken on the psychopathological evolution of patients having suffered from sexual attacks and who are being taken care of by EMDR. Within the framework of a case study, the authors discuss elements indicating a rapid evolution of traumatic symptomatology, of sexual avoidance and of regression of the expression of the co-morbidity signs. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Brief Therapy Clinical Case Study Sexotherapy Sexual Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

13. Vos, S. M. (2005, December). An application of the transtheoretical model to a case of sexual trauma in middle childhood. University of Stellenbosch. doi:10019.1/2938 .

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
This study demonstrates the use of the transtheoretical model in the context of sexual trauma in middle childhood. Exploring contemporary literature I found that there is no literature in South Africa available on this topic. It was not until 1997 that the transtheoretical model was implemented internationally with regard to sexual abuse. Taking this in consideration, I realised that there was much scope for exploring, discovering and reflecting on the transtheoretical model and its use within the boundaries of childhood sexual trauma. A qualitative case study within the social constructivist/interpretive paradigm, was chosen as research design. The study involved a participant in middle childhood. Elna (pseudonym) was selected from referrals from the Child Protection Unit of the South African Police Services to the Unit for Educational Psychology at Stellenbosch. The reason for referring Elna to the Unit was because of the negative and diverse effects sexual trauma had on her life story. The study explores the transtheoretical model and the appropriateness thereof as alternative treatment model in a case of sexual trauma, as well as insight into progression of the client in the therapeutic process. Data was collected by means of interviews and therapy sessions during which Narrative therapy, EMDR, sandtray therapy (used in a narrative context) and art therapy techniques were used in an integrated manner. The data was analysed by means of interpreting codes, categories and themes. The study concluded with a discussion of the findings and a reflection on the impact the use of the transtheoretical model had on me as a research-therapist-in-training. The literature review and the findings of this research suggest that the transtheoretical model can be applied effectively to a case of sexual trauma in middle childhood. The use of the model also gives insight into progression of the client in the therapeutic process. Thesis (MEdPsych (Educational Psychology)--University of Stellenbosch, 2005.

Keywords: Narrative Therapy South Africa Transtheoretical Model

Accuracy Verified: Yes

14. Fullam, P. (2003, Autumn). Applications of client self administered bilateral stimulation in the treatment of trauma. The EMDR Practitioner. Retrieved from http://www.emdr-practitioner.net/ on 12/27/2008..

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
This article looks at some of the situations where client self-administered bi-lateral stimulation has facilitated EMDR by increasing the client’s sense of control during therapy. Three conditions where this may be appropriate are discussed and partial presentations of two cases, Allen and Anna, in which the general approach has been used, are given. The second case, relating to client belief in childhood sexual abuse has, in addition to the above, some relevance to the debate relating to false memory syndrome.[Author abstract]

Keywords: Bilateral Stimulation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

15. Villa, M., & Sangiovanni, L. (2008, Novembre). Applicazione dell’EMDR ad una nuova popolazione: I pazienti posturali con dolore cronico e con deficit percettivi [Applying EMDR to a new population: Patients postural with chronic pain and perceptual deficits]. Presentazione al Applicazioni Cliniche dell'EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Lo studio riguarda l’applicazione dell’EMDR ai Pazienti affetti da “Sindrome da deficit posturale” (Da Cuña). Il problema coinvolge il 10% della popolazione, di cui il 15% è sintomatico. È di difficile inquadramento, dato che i sintomi somatici che presenta coinvolgono tutti e tre i versanti delle regolazioni automatiche: dolori muscolo-scheletrici migranti, derivanti da disordini posturali; pseudovertigini, da deficit di localizzazione spaziale; disturbi cognitivi (fino alla dislessia), da alterata integrazione percettiva. Le modalità compensatorie a tali deficit possono investire la sfera psicologica (senso profondo di inadeguatezza, ansia, depressione...), sviluppare atteggiamenti strategici di evitamento (agorafobia da deficit di orientamento spaziale), spingere a interpretare reazioni fisiche come se fossero psicologiche (attacchi di panico, enuresi notturna…). Proprio il sottile intreccio tra aspetti somatici e psicologici rende complessa la diagnosi; può capitare infatti che un paziente con problemi di questa natura si rivolga a un terapista somatico (posturologo, osteopata…), che non coglie il problema. Abbiamo così messo a punto un sistema diagnostico che riconosca se l’aspetto psichico sia conseguenza di un vero disturbo somatico o se invece sostenga una serie di somatizzazioni tendenzialmente derivanti da traumi. Nell’uno o nell’altro caso, l’utilizzo dell’EMDR può essere risolutivo: evidentemente sul versante traumatico, ma pure per la desensibilizzazione delle convinzioni negative derivate dalle strategie psicologiche reattive al deficit somatico. Metodi. La valutazione diagnostica e le variazioni sintomatologiche sono state effettuate con DSMIV, SWAP-200, SCL90-R, TAS 20, VAS, anamnesi posturologica, kinesiologia, posturodinamica, riflessi primitivi e sensoriali, valutazione osteopatica, Maddox, stabilometria basale e con challenges). Risultati. Gli interventi su misura hanno ridotto la sintomatologia, come è rappresentato dalle rilevazioni effettuate e dai feedback dei pazienti. La conoscenza integrata, sia che il primo approccio sia psicologico o posturale, consente una diagnosi accurata e dunque una strategia terapeutica sinergica efficace che permette di sbloccare terapie cronicizzate.

The study concerns the application of EMDR in patients with "postural deficiency syndrome" (Da Cuna). The problem affects 10% of the population, of which 15% are symptomatic. It is classification difficult, because the somatic symptoms presenting involving all three sides automatic adjustments: musculoskeletal pain migrants from postural disorders; pseudovertigini, spatial localization deficit, cognitive problems (up to dyslexia), from altered perceptual integration. The methods compensatory these deficits can invest the ball psychological (deep sense of inadequacy, anxiety, depression ...), develop attitudes strategic avoidance (agoraphobia deficit spatial orientation), push to interpret physical reactions as if they were psychological (panic attacks, nocturnal enuresis ...). Just the subtle interplay between somatic and psychological aspects makes it difficult to diagnose and can in fact happen that a patient with problems of this nature, please ask a somatic therapy (Posture, osteopath ...), who misses the problem. We have thus developed a diagnostic system that recognize if the appearance is the result of a true mental disorder or whether it supports somatic a series of somatization tendency resulting from trauma. In either case, use EMDR can be resolutely on the side obviously traumatic, but also for desensitization of the negative beliefs derived from psychological strategies responsive to deficit somatic. Methods. The diagnostic evaluation and symptom changes are were made with DSMIV, SWAP-200, SCL90-R, TAS 20, VAS, history Posture, kinesiology, posturodinamica, primitive reflexes and sensory evaluation osteopathic, Maddox, stabilometry baseline and challenges). Results. Tailored interventions have reduced symptomatology, as represented by the surveys conducted and feedback from patients. The integrated knowledge, whether the first approach is psychological or postural, allows a diagnosis accurate and therefore a therapeutic strategy that allows you to unlock synergistic effective therapies chronic.

Keywords: Chronic Pain Perceptual Deficits

Accuracy Verified: Yes

16. Verzolatto, N. (2008, Novembre). Applicazioni patriche dell'EMDR in ambito ospedaliero [Applications practice EMDR in hospitals]. Presentazione le Applicazioni Cliniche del EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In ambito ospedaliero l’intervento psicologico presenta peculiarità che rispondono ad alcune caratteristiche come : - la velocità di intervento; - l’ esigenza di applicare protocolli rapidi ed efficaci. La necessità della rapidità è data dal fatto che il paziente allettato è generalmente in sofferenza fisica (spesso è presente dolore) oltre che psicologica e quindi non disponibile ad indagini ed interventi di tipo tradizionale (come assesment prolungati o studio approfondito della biografia); l’efficacia è intesa nel senso che gli strumenti devono centrare la domanda dell’inviante, che solitamente non è il paziente ma il reparto di degenza, e devono intervenire sul disagio del paziente che spesso esprime sintomi specifici. Generalmente i motivi per i quali vengono richieste le consulenze sono ascrivibili ad alcune precise categorie diagnostiche quali: -PTSD e PTSD sottosoglia. Riguardano generalmente: le comunicazioni di diagnosi gravi e/o prognosi infausta, sia nel paziente che nel familiare; eventi traumatici quali la violenza sessuale e domestica, traumi per incidenti, traumi per ricoveri in reparti particolari come le Stroke Unit o le Unità di Rianimazione). -disturbi d’ansia e DAP. Rientrano in questa categoria le consulenze per le fobie per sala operatoria, per l’anestesia, la paura del non risveglio e i timori per esiti del post-interveto (per es. nel caso di prostatectomie o laringectomie). Nei casi sopra citati l’uso dell’EMDR diventa spesso lo strumento d’elezione per le peculiarità proprie che rispondono perfettamente alle caratterizzazioni sopra citate. Nell’workshop si confronterà l’esperienza di tale attività e si discuterà di come l’uso dell’EMDR risponda per efficacia e velocità alle esigenze sopra esplicitate.

Psychological intervention in the hospital has special features that meet certain characteristics such as: - The speed of intervention; - 'S need to implement protocols for rapid and effective. The need for speed is the fact that the patient is usually bedridden physical suffering (pain is often present) as well as psychological and therefore not available to traditional investigations and interventions (such as prolonged or assesment study of the biography); effectiveness is understood that the instruments must hit dell'inviante demand, which is usually not the patient but the ward and must act on the discomfort of the patient often expresses specific symptoms. Usually the reasons for which are claimed are attributable to some specific advice diagnostic categories such as: -PTSD and subthreshold PTSD. Generally relate to: the Communications Diagnostic serious and / or poor prognosis, both in the patient in family trauma such as sexual and domestic violence, trauma caused by accidents, trauma admissions to particular departments as the Stroke Unit or the Intensive Care Unit) . -Anxiety disorders and CAD. This category includes advice for phobias to the operating room, anesthesia, fear of not waking up and fears of post-surgical outcomes (eg. In the case of prostatectomy or laryngectomy). In the above cases the use EMDR is often the tool of choice for the special features that perfectly meet the above characterizations. Nell'workshop you compare the experience of this activity and will explore how to use EMDR effectiveness and speed to meet the requirements spelled out above.

Keywords: Hospitals Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

17. Tardy, J., & El Farricha, M. (2007, Juin). Approache Ericksonienne du traumatisme psychique et thérapie EMDR [Ericksonian approach of trauma]. Présentation à la réunion annuelle de l'Association EMDR Europe, Paris, France.

Language: French

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Les techniques d’hypnose éricksonienne sont des outils très utiles au cours d’une psychothérapie, spécialement avec les personnes ayant connu des traumatismes répétés dans l’enfance. En effect, par le biais d’une dissociation thérapeutique, patient et thérapeute on accès à la mémoire traumatique neurobiologique et psychologique et le patient pourra (ré)experimenter la confiance dans ses propres forces naturelles.
Cependant, manié avec peu de précaution l’hypnose risqué d’aggraver la dissociation pathologique. L’association des techniques éricksoniennes et du protocole de la thérapie EMDR augmente les capacitiés de l’espirt et du corps et offre au paitent un meilleur contrôle émotionnel et un amélioration del la (ré)orientation à la réalité.
Le travail des auteurs est a situé dans le cadre de la psychothérapie brève des victimes et s’appuie sur une approche éricksonienne du traumatisme psychique et la thérapie EMDR en tant que novelle méthode thérapeutique efficace pour l’ESPT.
Mohammed El Farricha et Josette Tardy psychologues cliniciens, présenteront un apercu d’un programme de traitement psychothérapique expérimenté avec des patients en ambulatoire ces dix dernières années.
Dans cet atelier l’accent sera plus particulièrement mis sur l’apport des techniques d’hypnose éricksonienne qui semblent cliniquement efficaces et peuvent venir renforcer le protocole EMDR au cours des phases: evaluation et terminaison.
Il s’agira par exemple de démontrer comment, lors de l’évaluation, guider la personne vers la concentration interne nécessaire à une desensitisation complete? Ou encore comment mieux projeter le patient dans un future <> des limitations du traumatisme?

Ericksonian hypnosis techniques are useful tools in the course of psychotherapy, especially with people who have experienced repeated trauma in childhood. In effect, through a separation treatment, patient and therapist is memory access neurobiological and psychological trauma for the patient to (re) experiment confidence in its own natural forces. However, handled with some caution hypnosis risked aggravating the pathological dissociation. The combination of Ericksonian techniques and EMDR protocol extends the capabilities of espirt and body and offers better paitent emotional control and improvement del (re) orientation to reality. The authors' work is situated in brief psychotherapy of victims and an approach based on Ericksonian of psychic trauma and EMDR as an effective therapeutic method novella for PTSD. Mohammed El Farricha and Josette Tardy clinical psychologists, will present an overview of a program of psychotherapy experimented with outpatients in the last ten years. In this workshop the emphasis will be placed on the contribution of Ericksonian hypnosis techniques that seem clinically effective and can reinforce the EMDR protocol in phases: evaluation and termination. Some examples demonstrate how, during the evaluation, guide the person towards the internal concentration required for a complete desensitisation? Or how to better plan the patient in a future <> limitations of trauma?

Keywords: Erickson Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

18. de Jongh, A. (2000, May 6). Approaches to using EMDR for the treatment of phobias. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Utrecht, Netherlands.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop focuses on the clinical application of EMDR with specific phobias. There are a number of advantages in using EMDR for the treatment of specific phobias compared to other approaches, such as exposure in vivo. One of the most important advantages seems to be the possibility to utilize EMDR under circumstances where the critical elicitors cannot be reproduced or simulated in real life (e.g., certain sexual, illness or death situations) or, more generally, for which phobic stimuli are hard to obtain. However, unlike patients suffering with PTSD, after deconditioning of an anxiety associated with a traumatic incident, phobic individuals till have to anticipated future anxiety evoking situations. This has important implications for treatment. For example, contrary to its application with PTSD, the treatment of specific phobias with EMDR should not be concluded until clients are prepared for future interactions with (former) anxiety-eliciting stimuli or situations. This may involve acquisition of adaptive coping skills, such as mental strategies to relax or to distract oneself, and the use of exposure (in vivo) techniques. Participants of this workshop will learn when and how to apply EMDR with specific phobias and integrate this into general (cognitive-behavioral) treatment approach. This approach is illustrated by several videotaped treatments.

Keywords: Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

19. Zampieri, A. M. F. (2008, Agosto). Articulação metodológica do sociodrama conjugal, psicodrama interno e do EMDR na terapia sexual com casais [Methodological articulation of conjugal role-play, psychodrama and EMDR in the internal sex therapy with couples]. Em Terapia Familiar: Psicodrama e EMDR, Uma Nova Articulação Psicoterápica (Maria Olívia Schwalb Seleme, Coordenação). Mesa redonda 47 VIII Congresso Brasileiro de Terapia Familiar III Encontro de Pesquisadores, GRAMADO-RS, Brasil.

Language: Portuguese

Format: Conference

Keywords: Conjugal Role Play Couples Psychodrama Sex Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

20. Edmond, T., & Rubin, A. (2004). Assessing the long-term effects of EMDR: Results from an 18-month follow-up study with adult female survivors of CSA. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 13(1), 69-86. doi:10.1300/J070v13n01_04.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This 18-month follow-up study builds on the findings of a randomized experimental evaluation that found qualified support for the short-term effectiveness of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) in reducing trauma symptoms among adult female survivors of childhood sexual abuse (CSA). The current study provides preliminary evidence that the therapeutic benefits of EMDR for adult female survivors of CSA can be maintained over an 18-month period. Furthermore, there is some support for the suggestion that EMDR did so more efficiently and provided a greater sense of trauma resolution than did routine individual therapy. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Americans Child Abuse Empirical Study Females Follow-up Study Quantitative Study Rape Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

21. Greenfield, R. (2010, October). The assessment and psychotherapy of a dissociateve adult man with complex PTSD. Presentation at the 27th Annual Meeting of the International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation, Atlanta, GA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This paper presents the assessment and four year psychotherapy of a Hispanic man with Complex PTSD and Dissociative Disorder NOS. The patient’s history of childhood sexual abuse caused significant disruptions in normative developmental processes causing what van der Kolk (2005) posits as a Developmental Trauma Disorder. Based on Shapiro’s (2001) adaptive information processing paradigm, the patient’s memories of extensive childhood sexual victimization became blocked from resolution from adaptive memory networks, becoming embedded in the emotional brain and activated by the 9/11 tragedy. This stimulated an array of PTSD and Dissociative symptomatology. In treatment he verbalized and chronicled his experiences of 9/11 and memories of severe childhood sexual abuse, establishing a narrative of victimization, helplessness, and confusion about his sexual orientation (Gardner, 1999). Furthermore, there were episodes of dissociation revealing the possibility of alters. Attempts to access adaptive networks using EMDR protocols were thwarted by intractable defenses. The patient’s desire to return to work was offset by his entitlement to Social Security Disability that was initially denied. Working through my concordant countertransference (Racker, 1968), I ultimately accepted his wish for SSD, which he obtained on appeal based upon my symptom-specific evaluation. The patient transferred to a clinic that accepted SSD.
Participants will be able to : ♦♦ identify the developmental derailing effects of childhood sexual abuse on normative developmental processes. ♦♦ assess how childhood trauma(s) that are repressed or dissociated are invoked by trauma(s) in adulthood through associative memory networks causing Complex PTSD. ♦♦ apply methods of working with patients dissociative defenses in psychotherapy.

Keywords: Case Study Developmental Trauma Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

22. Carter, A. (2007, June). Assessment and treatment of complex PTSD and dissociative disorders in childhood and adolescence, the role and use of EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Damage occurs to a child’s self in the context of relationship when raised in an environment of abuse and neglect. This damage to self is manifested through disruptions in development. A child or adolescent will be unable to perform tasks a non-traumatized child or adolescent has not difficulty mastering. These tasks may be physical, emotional, intellectual, sexual, social, or spiritual. When these disruptions become manifest in the environment with which the child or adolescent is interacting, home, school, or community, conflict arises. The conflict is both internal with self and external in relationship, behavioral, and biological. This is generally when a child or adolescent is brought into therapy for intervention Caregivers are not always aware of the impact traumatic events have on a child’s life or may not want to deal with the impact and the long term implications. The therapeutic relationship is a context outside of the system where the child was traumatized that provide the potential environment and relationship which can facilitate healing for the child, adolescent, and possible, the system in which they live.
Children and adolescents with a complex PTSD will often employ the use of dissociation as a way to cope with overwhelming events or chronically dysfunctional lifestyles. The degree and way in which the child dissociates to self regulate internal systems will determine behavioural and neurological trajectories in their life such as, how the child will cope, rupture of developmental task attainment, and it will determine what type of attachment process the child experiences. Also determined are: impulse control, sleep regulation, meta cognitive functioning, neurobiological processes and the integrative processes of self. When there is no therapeutic intervention, the self which emerges as a result of these processes is a “traumatic self” organization, that is a self structural in response to traumatic experience determined to avoid the repetition of the traumatic experience “at all costs.” The biological body that emerges is the traumatized body organized for avoidance in the forms of fighting, fleeing, or freezing and submitting.
The assessment phase of therapy will map for the therapist and client where the internal dysregulation occur, what are the maladaptive response which have been developed, and what the negative beliefs are which all contribute to the construction of the “traumatic self." There are a variety of assessment tools specifically designed for this purpose.
Once the map is established, a plan can be developed to use with children and adolescents and family for therapy and for EMDR. There are a variety of models which have been developed to use with children and adolescents to process bad memories, negative cognitions and to strengthen internal resources. EMDR can also be used to facilitate state change, strengthen self regulatory capacities, and promote integrative processes of authentic self, facilitating healing throughout self, body, and relational systems.

Keywords: Adolescents Children Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Complex PTSD C-PTSD Dissociative Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

23. Cavazos, M. A. (2012, June). Atracción al mismo sexo no deseada como sintomatología de memorias traumáticas: presentación de tres casos tratados con EMDR [Not desire same sex attraction as traumatic memories symptomatology: Three cases treated with the EMDR approach]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The cases presented show three patients that searched for clinical help, since they lived their sexual attraction as something dysfunctional and ego dystonic. The therapist clinically conceptualized this symptomatology as a probable result of traumatic memories, conceptualization which was finally adequate. This presentation will show three not desired sexual attraction cases treated with the EMDR approach. Cases follow-up - two months to one year and a half after treatment completion- is presented in a testimonial video from each client. Treatment phases 1,3,5,7 and 8 will clearly show similarities in the three client’s symptoms as well as the process evolution through traumatic memories reprocessing.

Los casos que se presentan se refieren a tres pacientes que llegaron a consulta debido a que vivían su atracción sexual como algo disfuncional y ego-‐ distónico, de ahí que la terapeuta conceptualizó clínicamente que esa sintomatología se podría deber a memorias traumáticas, conceptualización que resultó ser acertada. Estos pacientes fueron tratados con el abordaje psicoterapéutico EMDR, con un seguimiento -‐que va desde los 2 meses al año y medio de haber terminado su proceso psicoterapéutico. Se presentará un video testimonial de cada uno de los pacientes y se hablará sobre las fases 1, 3,5,7, y 8 del tratamiento, en donde se podrán observar con claridad la similitud y coincidencia en la sintomatología de los tres pacientes, así como la evolución del proceso a través del reprocesamiento de las memorias traumáticas con EMDR.

Keywords: Same Sex Attraction

Accuracy Verified: Yes

24. Saint Paul, N. V. (2002, May). Aus der fülle ... Ressourcen- und Korperorientierung in der traumatherapeutischen arbeit [Out of the abundance ... Resource and body orientation in trauma therapy]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Frankfurt, Germany.

Language: German

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This paper describes how trauma therapy including body awareness can reduce the impact of the traumatic memory and can efficiently prevent retraumatization. The goal is to achieve the ability to self-regulate activation of the autonomic nervous system and hence, to attain access to states in which patients can maximize their resources. This procedure is based on neurobiological findings and exemplified with case studies. The approach complements other trauma therapeutic interventions, regardless of the theoretical orientation, and can be combined with techniques like, for instance, EMDR.

Keywords: Neurobiology Psychotherapy Psycho Trauma Resource Orientation Selective Mutism

Accuracy Verified: Yes

25. Saint Paul, N. V. (2008). Aus der fülle ... Ressourcen- und körperorientierung in der traumatherapeutischen arbeit [Out of the abundance ... Resource and body orientation in trauma therapy]. Interdisziplinär, 16(3), 166-175 .

Language: German

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
In diesem Beitrag wird beschrieben, wie Traumatherapie unter Einbeziehung der Körperwahrnehmung schonend gestaltet und so einer Retraumatisierungsgefahr wirksam begegnet wird. Ziel ist das Erlangen der Fähigkeit, den Aktivierungszustand des autonomen Nervensystems zu regulieren und auf diese Weise Zugang zu ressourcenvollen Ich-Zuständen zu erlangen. Das Vorgehen wird durch neurobiologische Erkenntnisse begründet und anhand von Fallbeispielen veranschaulicht. Der Ansatz wird als Ergänzung zu anderen traumatherapeutischen Verfahren, gleich welcher Schule, verstanden und lässt sich gut mit speziellen Methoden, wie beispielsweise EMDR, verbinden.

Summary: This paper describes how trauma therapy including bodyawareness can reduce the impact of the traumatic memory and can efficiently prevent retraumatization. The goal is to achive the ability to self-regulate activation of the atuonomic nervous system and hence, to attain access in states in which patients can maximize their resources. This proceedure is based on neurobiological findings and exemplified with case studies. The approach compliments other trauma therapeutic interventions, regardless of the theoretical orentation, and can be combined with techniques like, for instance, EMDR.

Keywords: Neurobiology Psychotherapy Psycho Trauma Resource Orientation Selective Mutism

Accuracy Verified: Yes

26. Mueller-Schwefe, R. (2010, June). Back into life - EMDR with primary withdrawal after trauma. In Experimental use of EMDR. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
“Where I am? I am somewhere between heaven and earth, but I don't know where exactly." "My therapist waited for my anger, but it just isn't there...nowhere” – “I can't imagine anything helpful when I feel bad, I just don't have the energy... it's all too much for me." – “I just want to give up...” Reaction to traumatic events can vary a lot. This is true even when a PTSD has been diagnosed. Contrary to the 'classical' hyper-arousal response to traumatic memories there is also a different pattern of response that is characterized by a lack of an increase in heart rate, and very different pattern of neural activations, despite having a severe case of acute and subsequent PTSD'[l] and may go along with (peri- and posttraumatic) dissociation, emotional numbness, exhaustion, withdrawal and depression. The above statements belong to people with this pattern of response who have experienced subsequent difficulties already in the stabilization phase of their trauma-therapy. First, I will present an understanding of this symptomatology, the hypothesis being a predominance of the dorsal vagal system (see: Polyvagal Theory [2] and activation of the early withdrawal reflex (or: fear-paralysis reflex). This goes along with particular cognitive and especially emotional and physical features. Second, I will present a way to work with this condition, taking into account that the completion of "interrupted action." In this case does not imply an outward (fight or fight response) but an inward orientation withdrawal). EMDR with an adjusted protocol and tactile bilateral stimulation provides the way to process and pull through this interrupted (or unsatisfied) organismic withdrawal and the fear mostly associated with this process. Returning from this deep and primary withdrawal from life brings back the energy and the patient turns back towards life; vagal predominance subsides and the stuck impulse to withdraw releases. 1. Ruth A. Lanius, James W. Hopper, Ravi 5. Menon, Individual Differences in a Husband and Wife Who Developed PTSD After a Motor Vehicle Accident: A Functional MRI Case Study. Am J Psychiatry 160:4. April 2003, p. 668. 2. Porges. S.W. (2001). The Polyvagal Theory: Phylogenetic substrates of a social nervous system. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 42, 123-146. Learning objectives: 1. Recognize dorsal vagal predominance and primary withdrawal after trauma, 2. Understand the different orientation of interrupted action/ trauma scheme, 3. Know how to help withdrawal-patients to stabilize and process with adjusted EMDR-protocol and tactile or auditory bilateral stimulation. New and unique: Identifying this withdrawal-type of traumatic reaction and scheme, understanding it with the help of Polyvagal Theory and development of EMDR- adjusted protocol and way to process this.

Keywords: Primary Withdrawal Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

27. Diehle, J., Beer, R., Boer, F., & Lindauer, R. J. L. (2011, April). Behandeleffecten van traumagerichte cognitieve gedragstherapie en eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) [Treatment effects of trauma-focused cognitive behavior therapy and eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR)]. Symposia op het 39ste Voorjaarscongres Nederlandse Vereniging voor Psychiatrie, Amsterdam.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Achtergrond: Dagelijks raken veel kinderen betrokken bij ongelukken, brand, (seksueel) geweld, pesten, of andere ingrijpende gebeurtenissen. Het meemaken van dergelijke gebeurtenissen kan leiden tot een posttraumatische stressstoornis (PTSS). ptss gaat gepaard met hoge comorbiditeit, slechtere schoolprestaties en heeft een negatieve invloed op het lichamelijk herstel van kinderen (Winston 2003). In internationale richtlijnen wordt traumagerichte cognitieve gedragstherapie (TG-CGT) voor de behandeling bij kinderen aanbevolen en eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) is beoordeeld als veelbelovend (nice 2005). Onderzoeksresultaten naar de effecten van deze behandelingen bij kinderen zijn nog steeds schaars (Stallard 2006). Doel: Binnen een pilotonderzoek worden de behandeleffecten van TG-CGT en EMDR bij kinderen vastgesteld. Methoden: Op een poliklinische afdeling zijn gegevens verzameld van 20 kinderen tussen de 8 en 18 jaar met posttraumatische stressklachten en van hun ouders. Van deze kinderen hebben 10 een behandeling met TG-CGT ondergaan en 10 een behandeling met emdr. Bij kinderen en ouders zijn zowel voor als na de behandeling behandeling de klachten in kaart gebracht met behulp van een diagnostisch interview en verschillende vragenlijsten. Voor het stellen van de diagnose ptss en comorbide diagnosen is het Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for dsm-iv-Child Version (adis-c) afgenomen. Tevens werden de Children’s Revised Impact of Event Scale (CRIES-13), de Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale-Child Version (RCADS) en de Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) afgenomen om angstklachten en gedragsproblemen te meten. Resultaten: Traumaklachten zijn zowel in de EMDR-groep alsook in de TF-CBTgroep afgenomen. Gedetailleerdere resultaten worden tijdens het congres besproken. Conclusie Zowel TG-CGT als emdr blijkt effectief te zijn bij het verhelpen van ptssklachten bij kinderen.

Background: Daily affects many children involved in accidents, fires, (sexual) violence, bullying, or other major events. The experience of such events can lead to a posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD is associated with high comorbidity, poorer school performance and has a negative impact on the physical recovery of children (Winston 2003). International guidelines is trauma-focused Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT-TG) recommended for the treatment of children and Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) has been rated as promising (Nice 2005). Research the effects of these treatments children are still scarce (Stallard 2006). Purpose: In a pilot investigation the treatment effects of TG-CBT and EMDR in children established. Methods: In an outpatient department Data were collected from 20 children between 8 and 18 years with post traumatic stress symptoms and their parents. Of these children have a treatment with 10 undergoing TG-CBT 10 and treatment with EMDR. In children and parents before and after treatment treatment complaints mapped using a diagnostic interview and several questionnaires. For the diagnosis of PTSD comorbid diagnoses and the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for DSM-IV-Child Version (ADIS-C) decreased. Also, the Children's Revised Impact of Event Scale (CRIES-13), the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale-Child Version (RCADS) Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and (SDQ) were administered to measure anxiety and behavioral problems. Results: Trauma Complaints are both in the EMDR group and the TF-CBT-groep decreased. More detailed results be discussed during the congress. Conclusion: Both TG-CBT and EMDR appear to be resolving the ptssklachten in children.

Keywords: CBT Cognitive Behavior Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

28. Sinici, E., Maden, O., Ak, M., Bozkurt, A., & Ozsahin, A. (2012, February). Bir cinsel tecavuz vak'asinda emdr uygulamasi: Vak'a sunumu [EMDR application on a sexual rape case: Case report]. Yeni Symposium Journal, 50(1), 58-60.

Language: Turkish

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Travmatik bir deneyim oldu hemen herkes yoğun stres belirtileri gösterebilir. Bu tecavüz edildi, özellikle halk arasında post-travmatik stres belirtileri görmek mümkündür. Son zamanlarda, tecavüz insanlara danışmanlık sağlamak için çabalar yaygın hale gelmiştir.EMDR tedavisi bellek (duygusal, bilişsel ve fiziksel), rahatsız edici olaylara ulaşmak fonksiyonları hızlandırmak ve öğrenme sürecini iyileştirmek için kadar duyusal birimleri üzerinde duruluyor. Bu EMDR tedavisi tecavüz birinin travma sonrası stres belirtileri hafifletir düşünülmektedir. 90 dakikalık EMDR seansları uygulandı. Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ), Beck Anksiyete Envanteri (BAE), Durumluk ve Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri-I (STAI-I) ve Olaylar ScaleRevision (IES-R) Etkisi öncesi ve tedavi ve 1 ay sonra kontrol sonrası uygulanmıştır. Bu tecavüz kişinin stres belirtileri kısa bir süre sonra arasında, EMDR tedavisi öncesi azaltmak ve 1 ay sonra kontrol ettiği görülmektedir.Çalışmada bir olgu ile gerçekleştirilmiştir rağmen, sonucu cinsel travma hastalar için, EMDR uygulaması yararlı olabilir olmasıdır.

Almost anyone who had traumatic experience might show intense stress symptoms. It is possible to see post-traumatic stress symptoms among people especially who were raped. Recently, the efforts to provide counseling for raped people have become common. The EMDR treatment focuses on the sensorial units of the memory (emotional, cognitive and physical) to reach the disturbing events, accelerate functions and to improve the learning process. It is thought that EMDR treatment relieves the post traumatic stress symptoms for the raped one. 90 minute EMDR sessions were applied. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), State and Trait Anxiety Inventory-I (STAI-I) and Impact of Events ScaleRevision (IES-R) were applied before and after treatment and 1 month-later control. It is seen that the raped one's stress symptoms decrease before the EMDR treatment, among shortly after and 1 month later controls. Although the study was conducted with one phenomenon, the result is that for patients who had sexual trauma, EMDR application might be beneficial.

Keywords: Rape Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

29. Blore, D. (2009, October). Blind to therapist protocol. Presentation at the 2nd EMDR Autumn Workshop Conference, Leeds, UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The Blind to Therapist (B2T) Protocol (Blore & Holmshaw 2006, 2009), is aimed at helping provide EMDR in special circumstances – particularly where the client is unwilling to describe a target image either because the client fears that the therapist will be disgusted or overwhelmed by the content - as in sexual abuse trauma, and/or where the client is reluctant to relinquish further perceived control for the purposes of conducting EMDR. In essence, the B2T protocol abandons the idea of 'client avoidance' and modifies EMDR so as to accommodate avoidance until the client is ready to identify traumatic material.

Keywords: Blind to Therapist Protocol

Accuracy Verified: Yes

30. Miller, R. (2011, August). Breaking impulse-control disorders: A new theory and protocol for compulsions. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Orange County, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The Feeling-State Theory of Impulse-Control Disorders postulates that Impulse-Control Disorders such as pathological gambling, sexual addiction, and compulsive shopping are created when intense positive feelings become linked with specific behaviors. The effect of this linkage is that the person compulsively reenacts the behavior related to that original positive-feeling event. The therapy described in this presentation is the Impulse-Control Disorder Protocol (ICDP), which uses a modified form of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) to address these fixations. Three case studies wiill be used to illustrate the theory and the application of ICDP.

Keywords: Feeling-State Theory Impulse-Control Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

31. Watson, C., Davis, R., & Heimonen, T. (2010, September/October). Bridging the gap between clinical practice and research with EMDR. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Minneapolis, MN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is a trauma treatment with origins date back to 1987 by its founder Francine Shapiro. EMDR is based on an information-processing model and is being used to treat traumatic symptoms. Clinicians in many types of clinical settings worldwide employ EMDR for a board range of treatment issues including grief, depression, anxiety, physical and sexual abuse. Although there is evidence that EMDR is effective in treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, more research needs to be done in clinical practice settings to contribute to the much needed research base about effective of EMDR with other issues.
Therapists working with trauma are often dealing with high caseloads and administrative requirements of the agencies that they work with. The clinicians involved in this research have observed that there have been some encouraging developments in their community which have served to build bridges for clinicians to increase their confidence in the world of research. In 2007, an intiative called Research Skills Development Program offering mentoring in research skills development was offered in association with Lakehead University and Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Ontario, Canada.
Completion of this 1-year program proved to be the first step in make the transition from clinician to researcher. From there, partnerships were formed within the agency and community. With the support of our agency, researchers were able to gain access to testing and computer software that made data collection and data anaylsis possible with least disruption to our clinical services.
The clinicians were encouraged by previous results from our first study in 2007 (n=6) to continue systematic data collection with more clients (n=6). Approval for this recent study was received by the Ethics Committee of St. Joseph's Care Group.

Keywords: Poster Practice Research Research Skills Development Program

Accuracy Verified: Yes

32. Sabey, A. (2001, May). Can EMDR be used within a client-centred (non-directive) play therapy sessions?. Poster presented at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, London, UK .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The purpose of this exploratory study was to see whether EMDR could he incorporated into a Client-Centred model of Play Therapy, to enable children and adolescents to more rapidly process traumatic memories, thereby enhancing the therapeutic process. The Client-Centred (non-directive) Play Therapy model is now well recognised as a way of helping children and adolescents who have experienced psychological trauma to work through their experiences in a way that is both empowering and non-threatening. It is based on Rogerian principles (Rogers 1951), with the philosophy that given the right therapeutic conditions the children, like adults, have an innate drive towards health. The child leads the way, and the therapist follows. I have struggled to see how EMDR can fit comfortably within a client-centered play therapy model, although I recognise that Shapiro describes the model as client-centred. To test a hypothesis that EMDR could be integrated into a client-centred play therapy approach, three children were identified. All 3 were waiting for some regular weekly client-centred play therapy sessions, within the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service, in West Yorkshire. The subject of the study were two girls, one aged 8 years old and the other aged 14 years with a mild learning disability, and a boy who was 13 years old. All three had experienced complex psychological trauma including sexual abuse. My dilemma was whether it was in fact possible to introduce EMDR within the sessions, and if so, how to do this in a way that enhanced the therapeutic process and did not intrude. The sessions were set up introducing the EMDR protocol alongside setting up the client-centred play therapy sessions. Each child was offered 10-12 weekly sessions. In this presentation I will summarise my findings and hope to show how possible ways the two approaches can be integrated.

Keywords: Children Play Therapy Poster

Accuracy Verified: Yes

33. Parnell, L. (1995). The case of a sexually abused woman re-entering her body after a cognitive interweave. EMDR Network Newsletter, 5(1), 9.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
I was working with a woman who had been repeatedly molested by her teenage brother when she was very young. As we reached the end of the session, she was aware that as a child, she left her body so he could not hurt her. Although she believed that it was not safe to be in her body, she did feel safe and secure outside of her body looking down on things. I suggested to her that, "It wasn't safe to be in your body then, but it is now." She agreed, and we did another set of eye movements. At the end of that setshe exclaimed, "I can feel myself in my body for the first time! I never knew I wasn't in my body before." She kept saying how strange it felt to be in her body. She was so surprised! It was like she had been living hovering outside of her body since she was a child without being aware of it, and suddenly had popped back into it.

Keywords: Cognitive Interweave Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

34. Lea, G. W. (1995). A case of spontaneous EMDR in a child. EMDR Network Newsletter, 5(1), 8.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Clinicians trained in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) are well aware of the often cited report of Dr. Shapiro's discovery of Eye Movement Desensitization. The following is a brief account of an 8- year-old male sexual abuse victim who spontaneously discovered eye movement desensitization.

Keywords: Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

35. Smith, T. (1993, Spring). A case study. EMDR Network Newsletter, 3(1), 19-20.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Following my Level I training, I had a long laundry list of issues that I wanted to tackle with EMDR. Bear in mind that I have received approximately three years of one- to tow-times-per-week talk therapy from three different clinicians ranging in orientation, as well as a complete psychoanalysis four times per week for 4.5 years.

Keywords: Case Study

Accuracy Verified: Yes

36. Groenendijk, M. (2009). Casus 14 – Ik! Ben! Goed!: Een cliënte van 55 jaar met een dissociatieve identiteitsstoornis (DIS) [Case 14 - I! Am! Good!: A woman of 55 years with a dissociative identity disorder (DIS)]. In H. K. Hornsveld & S. Berendsen (Eds.), Casusboek EMDR, 25 voorbeelden uit de praktijk (1st Ed.), (pp. 205-222). Houten: Bohn Stafleu Van Loghum. doi:10.1007/978-90-313-7358-1_21.

Language: Dutch

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Miranda is 55 jaar en getrouwd met Peter, garagehouder. Zij hebben twee volwassen kinderen (een zoon en een dochter) en twee kleinkinderen. Miranda woont in een klein dorp in het noorden van het land. Tot acht jaar geleden werkte ze als administratief medewerkster op een kantoor, maar zij kwam in de ziektewet wegens problemen op het werk en in haar huwelijk. Ze meldde zich aan voor behandeling en bij haar werd als diagnose gesteld: reactieve depressie en sociale fobie bij een persoonlijkheid met ontwijkende trekken. Na een ambulante start werd ze aangemeld voor klinische psychotherapie en gedurende deze opname kwam voor het eerst haar geschiedenis met ernstig seksueel misbruik ter sprake. Op de deeltijdbehandeling die daarop volgde, kreeg ze steeds meer last van dissociatieve klachten. Ook thuis namen deze klachten toe en kreeg ze woedeaanvallen. Ze ging's nachts geregeld zwerven. Ze werd heropgenomen en nu werd de diagnose DIS gesteld. In de kliniek werden in het kader van traumaverwerking enkele EMDR-sessies gedaan, maar dit had weinig resultaat. Miranda herinnert zich er nauwelijks iets van.

Miranda is 55 years and married to Peter, mechanic. They have two grown children (a son and a daughter) and two grandchildren. Miranda lives in a small village in the north of the country. Until eight years ago she worked as an administrative assistant at an office, but she was on sick leave due to problems at work and in her marriage. She signed up for treatment and was considered its diagnosis: reactive depression and social phobia with avoidant personality in a draw. After a patient start, she was signed up for clinical psychotherapy and during this recording first came her history with sexual abuse seriously discussed. On the day hospital treatment that followed, she was increasingly suffering from dissociative symptoms. Also took home these complaints, and she rages. She went regularly roam at night. She was re-recorded and now the diagnosis was made DIS. In the clinic under some EMDR trauma processing sessions done, but this had little effect. Miranda remembers hardly anything.

Keywords: DID Dissociative Identity Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

37. Leuning, E. (2009). Casus 17 – ‘Dat met die jongen’: Autistische jongen van 16 dringt aan op behandeling seksueel trauma [Case 17 – "That with that boy": Autistic boy of 16 calls for treatment of his sexual trauma]. In H. K. Hornsveld & S. Berendsen (Eds.), Casusboek EMDR, 25 voorbeelden uit de praktijk (1st Ed.), (pp. 251-258). Houten: Bohn Stafleu Van Loghum. doi:10.1007/978-90-313-7358-1_25 .

Language: Dutch

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Edwin werd op 13-jarige leeftijd opgenomen in de kinderkliniek van het Dr. Leo Kannerhuis (LKH) in verband met zijn stoornis in het autistisch spectrum. Na enkele jaren in de kinderkliniek wordt hij doorgeplaatst naar de jongerenkliniek waar hij, inmiddels 16 jaar oud, behandeling krijgt in een groep van zes adolescenten. Edwin is een jongen met een forse autistische stoornis, wat zich met name uit in een zeer vertraagde informatieverwerking, moeite met sociale contacten en gebrekkig sociaal inzicht. Daarnaast is er bij Edwin sprake van preoccupaties in het denken (steeds dezelfde herhalende gedachten). Edwin raakt snel overprikkeld wanneer hij te veel informatie krijgt of te veel sociale interacties moet verwerken. Hij raakt dan in de war en probeert weer grip te krijgen op zijn verwarring door verklaringen te zoeken. Door Edwins beperkte inzicht in de omgeving zijn deze verklaringen vaak niet conform de werkelijkheid en veroorzaken ze bij hem nog meer verwarring. In het verleden is er daardoor sprake geweest van prepsychoses. Verder is bekend dat Edwin op jonge leeftijd zeer waarschijnlijk te maken heeft gehad met seksueel misbruik door zijn vader. In een later stadium heeft een jongen seksuele handelingen verricht bij Edwin en moest hij bij hem seksuele handelingen verrichten.

Edwin was 13 years of age included in the pediatric clinic of the Dr.. Leo Kanner (LKH) associated with their disorder in the autistic spectrum. After several years in the children's clinic he will be transferred to the clinic for youth, now 16 years old, receives treatment in a group of six adolescents. Edwin is a boy with a strong autistic disorder, in particular in what was a very slow information processing, difficulty with social interaction and lack of social insight. In addition, when Edwin there concerns in mind (repeating the same thoughts). Edwin quickly become overexcited when he gets too much information or too much to handle social interactions. He then gets confused and tries to get a grip on his confusion by looking statements. By Edwin limited understanding of the environment, these statements are often inconsistent with the reality and cause them to him even more confusion. In the past there has therefore been prepsychoses. Edwin is also known that at a young age is very likely to have experienced sexual abuse by his father. At a later stage, a boy sexual acts performed with Edwin and he had to perform sexual acts with him.

Keywords: Autism Sexual Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

38. Verster, M (2009). Casus 22 – Vage kinderherinnering als sleutel naar herstel: Vaginismeklachten bij een jonge vrouw [Case 22 – A vague childhood memory as the key to recovery: Vaginismus symptoms in a young woman]. In H. K. Hornsveld & S. Berendsen (Eds.), Casusboek EMDR, 25 voorbeelden uit de praktijk (1st Ed.), (pp. 305-311). Houten: Bohn Stafleu Van Loghum. doi:10.1007/978-90-313-7358-1_32.

Language: Dutch

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Eva wordt naar mij verwezen nadat verschillende behandelingen in verband met vaginisme geen resultaat hadden. Eva is 24 jaar en heeft zolang zij zich kan heugen problemen met vrijen. Vanaf haar eerste seksuele ervaring toen zij 16 jaar was heeft zij last van pijn bij het vrijen en lukt het haar niet om geslachtsgemeenschap te hebben. Eva heeft sinds viereneenhalf jaar een vaste relatie en woont sinds een jaar samen. Eva is tevreden over haar relatie, al is seksualiteit sluimerend altijd een beladen onderwerp tussen hen beiden gebleven.

Eve is referred to me after several treatments related to vaginismus had not produced. Eva is 24 years and as long as they can remember problems with sex. From her first sexual experience when she was 16 she in pain during sex and she managed not to have sexual intercourse. Eva has been four and a half years a steady relationship and has lived together one year. Eva is happy about her relationship, though dormant sexuality is always a charged issue between them remained.

Keywords: Vaginismus Women

Accuracy Verified: Yes

39. Allen, J. G. (2003). Challenges in treating post-traumatic stress disorder and attachment trauma. Current Women’s Health Reports, 3, 213–220.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Treating women suffering from trauma poses significant challenges. The diagnostic prototype of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is based on single-event trauma, such as sexual assault in adulthood. Several effective cognitivebehavioral treatments for such traumas have been developed, although many treated patients continue to experience residual symptoms. Even more problematic is the complex developmental psychopathology stemming from a lifetime history of multiple traumas, often beginning with maltreatment in early attachment relationships. A history of attachment trauma undermines the development of capacities to regulate emotional distress and thereby complicates the treatment of acute trauma in adulthood. Such complex trauma requires a multifaceted treatment approach that must balance processing of traumatic memories with strategies to contain the intense emotions this processing evokes. Moreover, conducting such treatment places therapists at risk for secondary trauma such that trauma therapists also must process this stressful experience and implement strategies to regulate their own distress.

Keywords: Attachment Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

40. Peck S., et al (2007, March 9). Chief petty officer guilty of raping colleague. United Kingdom: Telegraph.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
It was only two months later, after she underwent a controversial psychotherapy technique called Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR), that she was able to remember details of the sexual assault.

Keywords: General London Overview Rape

Accuracy Verified: Yes

41. Helen. (2011, February). Child abuse and voice hearing: Finding healing through EMDR. Psychosis, 3(1), 90-95 doi:10.1080/17522439.2010.542827.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Public education campaigns are needed to proclaim the right of children to be safe in their own homes and to encourage both abusers and victims to seek help. Broad-based discussion of this problem, its causes, its consequences and its remedies, would help lift the veil of secrecy and shame that surrounds the topic of sexual abuse within the family, preventing many individuals from seeking assistance. We therefore urge that all means, including the media, be used to raise public awareness about the need to end the sexual abuse of children, particularly within the family. (Rights of The Child: Sexual abuse of children within the family. Statement submitted by the Baha’i International Community to the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations, February 1998). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Child Abuse Voice Hearing

Accuracy Verified: Yes

42. BBC. (2012, April 1). Childhood abuse victims given light therapy. BBC News. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-tayside-central-17893954 on 5/1/2012.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
NHS [Ms] Forth Valley's head of behavioural psychotherapy, Therese McGoldrick, said victims of childhood sexual, physical and emotional abuse often found it difficult to speak about what they had suffered. [Excerpt]

Keywords: General Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

43. Monahan, K., & Forgash, C. (2012, March). Childhood sexual abuse and adult physical and dental health outcomes. In E. A. Kalfoğlu & R. Faikoglu (Eds.), Sexual Abuse - Breaking the Silence (pp. 137-152). Intechopen.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Along the same lines, evidence-based assessment and interventions must be in line with the finding of how significant the subjective impressions of sexual assault are for incarcerated older adults in treatment. A promising intervention that is being piloted in the criminal justice system with younger age groups is Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). EMDR specifically targets change in subjective units of distress among trauma survivors, particularly sexual abuse survivors, which in turn reduces post traumatic stress symptoms (Kitchiner, 2000). Moreover, previous research with incarcerated juvenile offenders shows that EMDR can work in reducing post traumatic stress reactivity resulting in less violent behavior and conduct problems among samples. Its utility for older adults, especially those with histories of sexual assault victimization and perpetration is perhaps a promising intervention. The use of evidence-based practices suggests that untreated trauma and grief are related to increased adult recidivism rates (Leach et al., 2008). Therefore, treating psychological distress and untreated symptoms effectively, which involves both screening and treatment that captures subjective experiences, may help to break the cycle of recidivism and in some case sexual offending. [Excerpt]

Keywords: Dental Health Physical Health

Accuracy Verified: Yes

44. Tutarel-Kıslak, S. (2002). Cinsel tacize maruz kalan kişiler üzerinde kontrollü EMDR uygulamaları [Sexual harassment on the victim controlled EMDR applications]. Türk Psikoloji Bülteni, 8(26-27), 75-78.

Language: Turkish

Format: Newsletter

Keywords: Sexal Harassment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

45. Knipe, J. (2008, June). The CIPOS method -- procedures to therapeutically reduce dissociative processes while preserving emotional safety. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
It is well documented (Maxfield and Hyer, 2002) that the 8-phase EMDR model is highly effective for clients who are troubled by disturbing memories. However, clients who are dissociative often have great difficulty in maintaining present orientation and the "dual attention" that is a necessary condition for processing. Dissociative clients are highly vulnerable, during the EMDR Preparation, Assessment and Dissociation Phases, to becoming disoriented and overwhelmed by the surprising intrusion of dissociated parts that bring intensely disturbing images and other information. Since, with these clients, there is a greater risk of non-therapeutic dissociative abreaction, it is very important to counter this risk with an increased emphasis on safety and containment of affect. In this presentation, I will describe two procedures that can be helpful in making the healing power of EMDR available to clients who have this kind of vulnerability. One is the BHS (Back of the Head Scale), a procedure that can be useful in assessing a client’s moment-to-moment level of dissociation during a traumafocused EMDR session. The other is the CIPOS (Constant Installation of Positive Orientation and Safety) procedure, which is a method of slowing down processing, and carefully containing and controlling the emergence of potentially overwhelming post-traumatic material. These methods will be illustrated with video segments of a therapy session.

Keywords: Back-of-the-Head Scale BHS CIPOS Method Contant Installation of Present Orientation and Safety Emotional Safety Psycholgical Defenses Targeting

Accuracy Verified: Yes

46. Rost, C. (2008). CIPOS: Constant installation of present orientation and safety. In C. Rost (Hsrg.) Ressourcenarbeit mit EMDR, bewährte techniken im uberblick [Resources working with EMDR. Proven techniques at a glance: From survival to life] (pp.69-85). Paderborn: Junfermann.

Language: German

Format: Book Section

Keywords: CIPOS Constant Installation of Present Orientation and Safety

Accuracy Verified: Yes

47. Leeds, A. M., & Korn, D. L. (1998, July). Clinical applications of EMDR in the treatment of adult survivors of childhood abuse and neglect. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Baltimore, MD.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This paper was co-presented with with Deborah L. Korn, Psy.D. In my portion of this presentation I introduced Alan Schore's research on the neurobiological correlates of early trauma and abuse and with implications for treatment stragegy. The presentation covered the use of EMDR, Resource Development and Resource Installation methods across the entire treatment plan. Dr. Korn reviewed treatment principles and adaptations to the EMDR trauma protocol for this population.[Author abstract] Participants will learn how to: 1) apply specific EMDR protocols in each of the three strategies of recovery: stabilization and safety, trauma focused processing, and reconnection and identify development; 2) integrate ego strengthening strategies into a comprehensive EMDR based treatment plan for clients who have limited affect tolerance and self-capacities; 3) apply cognitive interweave strategies to address blocking beliefs and fears about the treatment process; and 4) use EMDR to address maladaptive schemas commonly seen in this population.[Conference Program Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Neglect Sexual Abuse Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

48. Korn, D. (1997, July). Clinical applications of EMDR in treating survivors of sexual abuse. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Francisco, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Sexual Abuse Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

49. Korn, D. (1996, June). Clinical applications of EMDR in treating survivors of sexual abuse. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
No abstract available.

Keywords: Sexual Abuse Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

50. Keane, T. (1999, November). Cognitive behavior therapy: Different approaches to different trauma populations. In R. Bryant (Chair), Symposium Intervention Research, International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, Miami, FL .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This symposium presents recent findings of treatment outcome studies that have applied cognitive behavior therapy to a variety of trauma populations. Edna Foa presents data on her study that compares prolonged exposure (PE), prolonged exposure combined with cognitive restructuring (PE/CR), and a wait-list control for assault vcitims with PTSD. Initial data suggests that PE and PE/CR show comparably superior benefits in treating PTSD. Annmarie McDonagh-Coyle presents data on a major treatment study of childhood sexual abuse survivors with PTSD. This study compares CBT with Present Centered Therapy and a wait-list control condition. Initial findings point to similar improvements in CBT and PCT groups relative to controls. Claude Chemtob presents data on a community-based study of disaster-affected children who were provided with either indiviudal or group treatment that involved four sessions. At one-year follow-up, 32 children who were still symptomatic were provided with exposure-based therapy that included EMDR. Intervention resulted in symptom reduction and reduced utilization of health resources. Richard Bryant presents preliminary findings of a treatment study of acute stress disorder, which compares CBT, CBT+Hypnosis, and supportive counseling. Initial findings indicate that whereas CBT and CBT+Hypnosis are comparably more effective in preventing PTSD than supporitve counseling, hypnosis is associated with greater reductions in anxiety. As Discussant, Terry Keane integrates these diverse studies in terms of their procedural differences, conceptual overlap, and directions for more emprically based treatments of traumatic stress.

Keywords: CBT Cognitive Behavior Therapy Symposium Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

51. Makinson, R. A., & Young, J. S. (2012, April). Cognitive behavioral therapy and the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: Where counseling and neuroscience meet. Journal of Counseling & Development, 90(2), 131-140. doi:10.1111/j.1556-6676.2012.00017.x .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
There is increasing evidence to support the biological basis of mental disorders. Subsequently, understanding the neurobiological context from which mental distress arises can help counselors appropriately apply cognitive behavioral therapy and other well-researched cognitive interventions. The purpose of this article is to describe the neurobiological context underlying the formation and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorders, a mental disorder frequently encountered by counselors, from a cognitive therapy framework.
Recent changes to the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (2009) accreditation standards include the need for counselors-in-training to understand the neurobiological basis of behavior, which marks a new direction for the training of professional counselors who have historically reacted ambivalently toward medical models for understanding client concerns and treatments. Yet recent findings in neuroscience actually support the verbally based interventions that counselors typically use in treatment; therefore, there is much to be gained by counselors and counselor educators in understanding the basics of human neurobiology and how commonly used counseling interventions intervene on these biological systems. The National Institute of Mental Health (2010) stated in a recent strategic plan that “Important discoveries in areas such as genetics, neuroscience, and behavioral science largely account for the substantial gains in knowledge that have helped us to understand the complexities of mental illnesses and behavioral disorders over the past 15 years” (“Introduction,” para. 4).
Given the increasingly biological focus of mental health research, the practicing counselor is faced with the task of understanding and using the emerging mental health treatments and explaining to clients, to reimbursing agencies, and to the broader public how counseling fits within the medically dominated mental health culture. Some counselors have long reacted ambivalently toward the pathologically oriented diagnostic categories of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV;American Psychiatric Association, 1994) system and the medication-dominated world of psychiatry. For example, the contrasting viewpoints on this issue were published in the Journal of Counseling & Development between Allen and Mary Ivey (1998, 1999) and Scott Hinkle (1999). Ivey and Ivey (1998) argued for a developmental interpretation to the DSM-IV, opposing what they called the “pathological view” (p. 334) of the manual. According to Ivey and Ivey, disorders could be viewed through a positive development tradition to lie not within the individual but within the contextual systems in which a person lives. Subsequently, disorders are viewed as a “logical response to a developmental history” (Ivey & Ivey, 1999, p. 484). By contrast, Hinkle (1999) argued that because anxiety and depressive disorders “are the most common clinical symptoms associated with presentation to counseling” (p. 475), the counseling profession is weakened if counselors shy away from direct participation in the DSM nomenclature and treatment parlance. As Hinkle indicated, “mental disorders according to the medical model describe disease processes, not people” (p. 475). Regardless of the reader's philosophical perspective, practicing counselors know participation in medical and psychiatric systems is necessary at times. Also, recent discoveries in the field of neuroscience are providing evidence that interventions often used by counselors have direct physiological impact on client neurobiology (Kennedy et al., 2007; Linden, 2006). For example, Felmingham et al. (2007) demonstrated significant differences in brain activity before and after 8 weeks of exposure therapy, which correlated with a reduction in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity. Similarly, Paquette et al. (2003) found that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) alters the activation and metabolism of specific brain regions following successful treatment of spider phobia. These findings, along with others (for a detailed review, see Beauregard, 2007; Frewen, Dozois, & Lanius, 2008), are significant because they support the techniques, interventions, and approaches used by counselors and provide a mechanism by which counseling positively affects brain physiology. Within the emerging physiologically based treatment milieu, counselors should be prepared to articulate how cognitive counseling interventions make measurable changes to the client. Although cognitive-behavioral-based approaches are effective in the treatment of a number of psychiatric illnesses, adult PTSD is arguably one of the best understood mental disorders from a neurological perspective. It thus presents a valuable model for exploring not only the basic tenets of neurobiology but also the mechanisms behind its successful treatment. Furthermore, PTSD is a disorder that counselors will likely encounter in practice.
PTSD is a mental disorder characterized by a sudden onset of symptoms due to environmental exposure to a psychologically stressful event such as war, natural disaster, or sexual victimization. Thus, it provides a clear example of how, even in adulthood, neurological adaptation (in this case maladaptive changes) can functionally “rewire” the brain in a short period of time, resulting in a sustained array of clinical symptoms. The diagnostic criteria for PTSD are a history of exposure to a traumatic event meeting two criteria and symptoms from each of three symptom clusters: intrusive recollections, avoidant/numbing symptoms, and hyperarousal symptoms. A fifth criterion concerns duration of symptoms and a sixth assesses functioning (American Psychiatric Association, 2000).
The National Comorbidity Survey Replication, conducted between February 2001 and April 2003 (Kessler et al., 2005), determined that the estimated lifetime prevalence of PTSD among American adults is 6.8%, with women (9.7%) twice as likely as men (3.6%) to have the disorder at some point in their lives. These findings are very similar to those of the first National Comorbidity Survey conducted in the early 1990s (Kessler, Sonnega, Bromet, Hughes, & Nelson, 1995), which was composed of interviews of a representative national sample of 8,098 Americans ages 15 to 54 years. In this earlier sample, the estimated prevalence of lifetime PTSD was 7.8% in the general population. As in the more recent survey, women (10.4%) were more than twice as likely as men (5%) to have PTSD at some point in their lives (Kessler et al., 2005; Kessler et al., 1995).

Keywords: CBT Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Neurobiological Basis of Behavior Neurobiology Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

52. Williams, K. (2006, August). A comparative experimental treatment outcome study: Female survivors of sexual assault suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, and trauma-related guilt – self-report and psychophysiological measures. Trinity Western University, Langley, British Columbia, CAN.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Diverse psychotherapeutic approaches for treating trauma-related sequelae have emerged over the last several decades in response to the widespread prevalence of sexual assault and resultant posttraumatic stress disorder among women (PTSD). In a recent formal study (Grace, 2003), a newer treatment called one eye integration (OEI) has been shown to be effective for traumatized individuals. The purpose of this study was to build upon those findings by comparing the effectiveness of two treatments for reducing PTSD symptoms with a breathing, relaxation, autogenics, imagery, and grounding (BRAIN) control condition. Twenty-seven female rape or sexual assault survivors who met the criteria for PTSD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Text-Revision, (DSM-IV-TR; APA, 2000) were randomly assigned to three groups: (a) a neurologically-based therapy called OEI, (b) an information processing model referred to as cognitive processing therapy-revised (CPT-R), or (c) a control condition (BRAIN), PTSD, depression, and trauma-related guilt symptoms were assessed pretreatment, posttreatment and at 3-month follow up, and qualitative electroencephalography (qEEG) brainwave patterns of two regions of the scalp (frontal and parietal) were measured pre and posttreatment. The following dependent measures were used: Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS), Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), and t he Trauma-Related Guilt Inventory (TRGI). Though there were no significant differences in PTSD symptoms between groups from pretreatment to post treatment assessments, a significant difference occurred between pretreatment and 3-month follow up, with OEI manifesting greater reductions than CPT-R or BRAIN. There were no significant differences between groups in depression, but there was a reduction in BDI-II scores over time. Reduction in guilt-related symptoms occurred on several scales and subscales for all three groups over time from pretreatment of posttreatment assessments, though not significantly by group. A significant difference was found for the Global Guilt subscale at 3-month follow up, with greater improvement for the OEI group. Preliminary results from cortical brain activity assessments indicate typical qEEG asymmetry patterns for PTSD and depression, though there were no significant group differences apart from minor post hoc analyses. Implications of these findings for clinical work and directions for future research were discussed.

Keywords: Depression Female Guilt Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Sexual Assault Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

53. Jaberghaderi, N., Dolatabadi, S., Zand, S. O., Greenwald, R., & Rubin, A. (2002, June). A comparison of CBT and EMDR for sexually abused girls in Iran. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Diego, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: CBT Cognitive Behaviorial Therapy Iran Poster Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

54. Jaberghaderi, N., Greenwald, R., Rubin, A., Zand, S. O., & Dolatabadim, S. (2004, September-October). A comparison of CBT and EMDR for sexually abused Iranian girls. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 11(5), 358-368. doi:10.1002/cpp.395.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
14 randomly assigned Iranian girls ages 12-13 years who had been sexually abused received up to 12 sessions of CBT or EMDR treatment. Assessment of post-traumatic stress symptoms and problem behaviours was completed at pre-treatment and 2 weeks post-treatment. Both treatments showed large effect sizes on the post-traumatic symptom outcomes, and a medium effect size on the behaviour outcome, all statistically significant. A non-significant trend on self-reported post-traumatic stress symptoms favoured EMDR over CBT. Treatment efficiency was calculated by dividing change scores by number of sessions; EMDR was significantly more efficient, with large effect sizes on each outcome. Limitations include small N, single therapist for each treatment condition, no independent verification of treatment fidelity, and no long-term follow-up. These findings suggest that both CBT and EMDR can help girls to recover from the effects of sexual abuse, and that structured trauma treatments can be applied to children in Iran. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Brief Psychotherapy CBT Child Abuse Cogntiive Behavorial Therapy Cognitive Therapy Elementary School Students Empirical Study Females Incest Iranians Manual-Based Treatments Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Preadolescents PTSD Quantitative Study Rape Random Clinical Trial RCT Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

55. Jaberghaderi, N., Greenwald, R., Rubin, A., Dolatabadi, S., & Zand, S. O. (2002, November). A comparison of CBT and EMDR for sexually abused Iranian girls. Poster presented at the 18th annual meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, Baltimore, MD.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Fourteen randomly assigned Iranian girls ages 12-13 who had been sexually abused received up to 12 sessions of CBT or EMDR treatment.Assessment of post-traumatic stress symptoms and problem behaviors were completed at pre-treatment and 2 weeks post-treatment. Both treatments showed very large effect sizes on the post-traumatic symptom outcomes, and a modest effect size on the behavior outcome, all statistically significant. A non-significant trend on self-reported post-traumatic stress symptoms favored EMDR over CBT.Treatment efficiency was calculated by dividing effect size by number of sessions; EMDR was significantly more efficient. Limitations include small N, single therapist for each treatment condition, and lack of long-term followup. These findings suggest that both CBT and EMDR can help girls to recover from the effects of sexual abuse, and that structured trauma treatments can be applied to children in other cultures.

Keywords: CBT Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Girls Iran Poster Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

56. Oncley, P. R. (1992). A comparison of eye movement desensitization and implosion-like therapy with adult victims of sexual abuse. Fuller Theological Seminary, Pasadena, CA. AAT 9302718.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing is a recently developed technique that has been reported in the literature to be effective in treating many of the symptoms associated with PTSD. This study investigated the role of saccadic eye movements in this technique by utilizing a multiple-baseline, across subjects design with 4 adult victims of childhood sexual abuse.Eye movement desensitization conditions (EMD) were compared to non saccadic eye movement conditions (NM) utilizing a Latin square design over one treatment session. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID-R) and the PTSD module of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III (SCID) were used for initial diagnosis and screening. Treatment effectiveness between the intervention phase and 1 week follow-up was assessed using the Impact of Event Scale (IES) and the PTSD Symptom Checklist. Skin conductance response (SCR), heart rate, and subjective units of distress (SUDS) were assessed during pretreatment, treatment, posttreatment, and follow-up phases. Results showed no significant differences across subjects among SCR, heart rate, and SUDS between the EMD and NM conditions. IES and PTSD Symptom Checklist follow-up data showed symptom improvement for 3 of the 4 subjects. One subject's intrusive symptoms worsened. All subjects displayed less physiological reactivity to the traumatic imagery at follow-up. Mechanisms that contribute to the effectiveness of EMD and recommendations for future study were discussed. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Arousal Child Abuse Exposure Therapy Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

57. Jaberghaderi, N., Dolatabadi, S., & Zand, S. O. (2002, Winter). A comparison of eye movement desensitzation and reprocessing and stress inoculation training (SIT) for sexually abused girls. Advances in Cognitive Science, 3(4), 16-26.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Fourteen sexually abused girls aged 12-13, were randomly assigned to receive either EMDR or SIT. Participants and their parents completed Child Report of Post Traumatic Symptoms (CROPS), and Parent Report of Post Traumatic Symptoms (PROPS), pre and post treatment. Results indicated that there was significant influence only on the PROPS. But there was a significant impact on both these instrument (CROPS & PROPS), with EMDR. In evaluating CROPS and PROPS, factor analysis with SIT illustrated that, externalizing and internalizing symptoms in PROPS and avoidance thoughts and behaviors in CROPS were treated. Further the results gathered from factor analysis with EMDR, showed that internalizing and somatic symptoms in PROPS and self harm, depression feelings and also somatic symptoms in CROPS improved as well. Clinical findings also suggested that EMDR and SIT did not have any significant differences in treating posttraumatic symptoms. Factor analysis found that, EMDR was more effective than SIT in treating somatic symptoms of sexually abused girls.

Keywords: Iran Sexual Abuse SIT Stress Inocculation Training

Accuracy Verified: Yes

58. Rothbaum, B. O. (1997, Summer). A controlled study of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disordered sexual assault victims. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 61(3), 317-334.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is a new method developed to treat PTSD. This study evaluated the efficacy of EMDR compared to a no-treatment wait-list control in the treatment of PTSD in adult female sexual assault victims. 21 subjects were entered and 18 completed. Treatment was delivered in 4 weekly individual sessions. Assessments were conducted pre- and posttreatment and 3 months following treatment termination by an independent assessor kept blind to treatment condition. Measures included standard clinician- and self-administered PTSD and related psychopathology scales. Results indicated that subjects treated with EMDR improved significantly more on PTSD and depression from pre- to posttreatment than control subjects, leading to the conclusion that EMDR was effective in alleviating PTSD in this study. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Americans Empirical Study Females Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Random Clinical Trial Rape RCT Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

59. Resick, P., Monson, C., Griffin, M., Rothbaum, B., Rasmusson, A., & Shalev, A. (2006, November). Cortisol pre and posttreatment with EMDR or prolonged imaginal exposure in PTSD assault survivors. In Psychobiology and Treatment of PTSD. Symposium conducted at the 22nd annual meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies Fall Conference, Hollywood, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Psychobiological treatment of PTSD: This symposium will examine four CBT treatment studies with regard to biological markers. The questions here are whether pretreatment psychobiology or physiological responding can be used to predict treatment outcome, or whether they themselves change as a result of effective treatment.

Cortisol pre and posttreatment with EMDR or prolonged imaginal exposure in PTSD assault survivors: Many studies have noted increased cortisol production in trauma survivors with PTSD, but it is not clear whether effective treatment alters these responses. As part of a larger study, 60 female sexual assault survivors with PTSD began one of two types of cognitivebehavioral treatment (Prolonged Exposure (PE) or EMDR). Each treatment consisted of nine sessions. Sessions 1 and 2 included information gathering, trauma education, and therapy preparation. Sessions 3 through 9 consisted of processing traumatic memories and emotions via either imaginal exposure or EMDR.To examine potential cortisol changes over the course of treatment, salivary cortisol samples were collected at three time points during treatment. A baseline sample was taken at session 1, a second sample was taken at the start of the treatment portion of therapy (session 3), and a third sample was taken at the end of treatment (session 9). Of the original sample of 60 participants, 50 women completed treatment, and ten dropped out. Cortisol responses will be examined in treatment responders and non-responders as well as in treatment completers vs. treatment dropouts.

Keywords: Cortisol Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Prolonged Imaginal Exposure Assault PSTD Survivors Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

60. Chard, K. M., & Gilman, R. (2005, August). Counseling trauma victims: 4 brief therapies meet the test. Current Psychiatry, 4(8). 50, 55-58, 61-62, 64.

Language: English

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
Therapists once believed trauma survivors required years of treatment, yet we now know that relatively brief cognitive-behavioral interventions can yield long-term gains in psychosocial and psychological function. Many psychiatric patients meet diagnostic criteria for PTSD, including: 33% of women experiencing sexual assault, 30% of male war veterans, and 30% of the 5 million U.S. children exposed to trauma each year. The authors offer recommendations on how to prepare traumatized adults and children for cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and discuss four tested models -- prolonged exposure (PE), cognitive processing therapy (CPT), eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), and stress inoculation training (SIT) -- that psychiatrists may find effective when treating PTSD. [Adapted from Text] [Pilots]

Keywords: Brief Psychotherapy Cognitive Therapy Exposure Therapy Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

61. Leeds, A. M. (2007, June). Criteria for assuring appropriate clinical use and avoiding misuse of resource development and installation when treating complex posttraumatic stress syndromes. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The consensus model of treatment for patients with complex posttraumatic syndromes emphasizes assuring adequate stabilization before and during uncovering and resolving of traumatic memories (Brown, Scheflin, & Hammond, 1998; Chu, 1998; Courtois, 1999; Hart, Nijenhius, Steele, 2006). Resource Development and Installation (RDI) has been described in a series of published case reports as an effective stabilizing intervention for adult survivors of adverse childhood experiences (Korn & Leeds, 2202; Leeds, 1997, 1998, 2001b; Leeds & Shapiro, 2000; Popky, 2005). These clinical case reports of RDI have been described observed decreases in intense shame, depersonalization, angry outbursts, self-injurious behaviors, compulsive eating, obsessive self-critical thoughts, persistent negative emotional states (misery), sexual acting out, and substance abuse. There are now several published procedural descriptions (Korn & Leeds, 2002; Leeds, 2001; Leeds & Shapiro, 2000) and a summary in the standard reference text on EMDR (Shapiro, 2001).
The growing use of RDI by EMDR trained clinicians has been followed by reports indicating that a significant number of patients with post traumatic stress syndromes who meet standard EMDR readiness criteria for ego strength and stability have been persistently offered RDI without being offered standard EMDR reprocessing. EMDR has been shown to produce stable, enduring treatment effects for symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder. RDI has not. Until recently (Korn et al, 2004; Leeds, 2005, 2006; Shapiro, 2004) little attention has been given to assuring appropriate use and avoiding misuse of RDI. This presentation will describe serious clinical and professional issues in continuing to offer RDI over repeated treatment sessions to patients with posttraumatic stress syndromes who meet or achieve readiness criteria for standard EMDR reprocessing and in failing to offer or in excessively delaying EMDR reprocessing.
This presentation will clarify and review specific criteria for identifying: for which patients (1) and clinical situations (2) the use of RDI is indicated; for which patients and clinical situations (3) RDI should be offered cautiously, if at al, but alternate stabilization methods should be considered; and for which patients (4) RDI should not be offered but where standard EMDR processing should be offered without delay. An overview of RDI procedural steps will be presented (5) to clarify its clinical application. Strategies will be offered to address technical, clinical and countertransference issues that may b associated with misuse or excessive use of RDI. A series of ten clinical vignettes will be presented to illustrate appropriate clinical use, clinical cautions and misuse of RDI.

Keywords: Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Complex PTSD C-PTSD RDI Resource Development and Installation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

62. van der Kolk, B. A. (1997, July). Current understanding of the psychobiology of trauma. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Francisco, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Trauma as an etiological agent in the genesis of psychopathology was largely ignored between the end of the second world war and the end of the Vietnam war, forty years later. Trauma-based psychiatric problems were generally dismissed, as exemplified by the above quote about the impact of childhood sexual abuse in the leading textbook of psychiatry in 1972. In the wake of the Vietnam war the diagnosis of PTSD was constructed for inclusion in the DSM-Ill in order to capture the psychopathology associated with traumatization in adults. However, over the years, it has become clear that in clinical settings the majority of treatment seeking patients have been exposed to a range of different traumatic events over their life-span, and suffer from a variety of psychological problems that are not included in the diagnosis of PTSD. These include depression and self-hatred, dissociation and depersonalization, selfdestructive behaviors, problems with close relations and an impairment in the capacity to experience pleasure, satisfaction and 'fun'. These other problems are generally relegated to the status of "co-morbid conditions", rather than being recognized as part of a spectrum of extremely treatment resistant trauma- related problems that occur depending on the age at which the trauma occurred, the relationship to the agent responsible for the trauma, social support received and the duration of the traumatic experience(s).

Keywords: Psychobiology

Accuracy Verified: Yes

63. Mazorati, C., & Bonardi, A. (2008, Novembre). Dal DSM IV all’EMDR: Dalla diagnosi psichiatrica alla relazione di aiuto: riflessioni e ipotesi di integrazione [From DSM IV to EMDR: From diagnosis to report psychiatric help: Ideas and assumptions of integration]. Poster presentato al Applicazioni Cliniche dell'EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Le autrici ,una psichiatra e una psicologa riflettono sulla loro esperienza con EMDR. Prendono lo spunto da due casi di abuso sessuale in famiglia vissute da bambine da due loro pazienti, anche se il motivo iniziale della richiesta di aiuto era stato un altro. Nel primo caso la paziente si era presentata su richiesta del suo medico curante per la presenza di una sintomatologia depressiva vissuta dalla stessa come “pesante”, “invalidante” e che la portava a voler uscire in fretta dalla situazione depressiva. Rispetto alla sintomatologia si è lavorato in termini di psicoeducazione della depressione come sindrome si è mantenuto un atteggiamento di ascolto e di attenzione ai vari disagi lamentati dalla paziente. Tale modalità nella relazione terapeutica ha permesso alla paziente di “prendere coraggio” e di raccontare il segrete che si portava dentro di un tentativo di abuso che in famiglia era stato negato. Si è quindi Utilizzato l’EMDR per aiutarla a liberarsi dai fantasmi del passato. Nel secondo caso, la richiesta era di aiuto psicologico per un disagio relazionale non ben identificato, ma che aveva prodotto nella paziente un graduale impoverimento delle risorse, un atteggiamento “depressivo” nei confronti della propria esistenza e nella coppia problematiche sessuali. E’ stata quindi presa in carico la coppia, associato ad un trattamento individuale alla paziente e utilizzando l’EMDR quale strumento atto a risolvere le angosce delle molestie subite. In entrambe le pazienti, dopo trattamento con EMDR, si è assistito ad cambiamento significativo del tono dell’umore, un aumento della stima si sé , un aumento della loro capacità difensiva e del rispetto verso se stesse, ma soprattutto si è notato una accettazione del passato che, proprio perché ormai le rendeva libere finalmente di vivere il presente con il proprio sé.

The authors, a psychiatrist and a psychologist reflect on their experience with EMDR. Taking the cue from two cases of sexual abuse in the family experienced as children by two of their patients, even if motive of the request for aid was another. In the first case the patient had presented at the request of his doctor to the presence of depressive symptoms experienced by herself as "heavy", "disability" and that led to want to exit quickly from depressive situation. Compared to the symptoms you have worked in psychoeducation for depression as a syndrome has maintained an attitude of listening and attention to the various inconveniences complained of by the patient. This mode in the therapeutic relationship has enabled the patient to "take courage" and to tell the secret that was within an attempt to abuse in the family had been denied. Was then used EMDR to help get rid of ghosts of the past. In the second case, the request was for a psychological relationship distress is not well identified, but the patient had produced a gradual depletion of resources, a attitude "depression" to its own existence and problems in the couple orientation. It 'was then taken over the couple, combined with individual treatment to patient and using EMDR as a tool to resolve the anxieties of the harassment. In both patients, after treatment with EMDR, there has been significant change mood, increased self-esteem is an increase in their defensive ability and respect for themselves, but mainly it was noted that an acceptance of the past, precisely because now finally made them free to live the present with the self.

Keywords: Practrice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

64. Scharwachter, P. (2001). De behandeling van een vrouw met meermalige traumatisering in één zitting met emdr Behandeling meermalige traumatisering [The treatment of a woman with multiple trauma with EMDR treatment session in a multiple trauma]. Directieve Therapie, 21(3), 210-218. doi:10.1007/BF03060258.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
In de literatuur over Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (emdr ) wordt bericht dat een succesvolle traumabehandeling in één therapiezitting mogelijk is. Dit geldt met name voor eenmalige traumatisering. Dit artikel belicht een succesvolle traumabehandeling met emdr, in één zitting van anderhalf uur, bij een vrouw die in haar adolescentie herhaaldelijk seksueel is misbruikt. Bij de twee follow-ups na twee weken en zes maanden bleven de behandelingsresultaten gehandhaafd.

The literature on Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is reported that a successful trauma treatment in a therapy session is possible. This is particularly true for single traumatization. This article highlights a successful EMDR trauma treatment, within a half hour session, a woman who repeatedly sexually abused her adolescence. In two follow-ups after two weeks and six months the treatment results were maintained.

Keywords: Case Study Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

65. McCammon, S. L., & Allison, E. J. (1995). Debriefing and treating emergency workers. In C. R. Figley (Ed.), Compassion fatigue: Coping with secondary traumatic stress disorder in those who treat the traumatized (pp. 115-130). New York: Brunner/Mazel.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Chapter 6 emphasizes the importance of promoting trauma resolution and healthy coping strategies in emergency workers. Strategies that can be implemented before, during, and after a traumatic event are summarized. Pretrauma interventions include the use of a stress audit, training regarding stress and its management, and policy development.During a traumatic event, interventions include orientation to the trauma site, on-scene support, demobilization, and debriefing. Common elements among the several debriefing models described include the structuring of opportunities to review the events of the traumatic situation and to ventilate feelings, the learning of skills for integrating and mastering the event, and obtaining assistance in identifying, enlisting, and accepting help from one's support system. Post-trauma activities include individual follow-up sessions, the use of experimental procedures such as eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, and attention to anniversaries of traumatic events. A decade of anecdotal reports testifies to the effectiveness of debriefing and provides helpful insights into working with emergency responders. Currently, research efforts are under way to assess systematically the impact of debriefing. Future research should address the mediating effect of emergency workers' coping behaviors and cognitions. [Introduction, p. xix]

Keywords: Adults Critical Incidence Stress Debriefing CISD Education Medical Personnel Prevention Emergency Personnel Self-Help Techniques Vicarious Traumatization

Accuracy Verified: Yes

66. Forgash, C. A. (2005, June). Deepening EMDR treatment effects across the trauma spectrum: Integrating EMDR and ego state work. Föreningen EMDR Sverige, EMDR Tidningen, 7(2), 6-14.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
The concepts, interventions, and techniques presented in this workshop are culled from theory and techniques of working with the range of the dissociative disorders). They have proved to be an effective addition to the preparation stage of the EMDR protocol. In other words, they can be used with clients who dissociate under certain conditions but do not have a dissociative disorder Most of the traumatized clients seen for EMDR treatment have a range of dissociative symptoms as well as symptoms of PTSD. This combination of PTSD and a dissociative disorder is often labeled DDNOS. However, people with a more complex variety of PTSD usually have experienced very early and enduring severe physical or sexual abuse (generally perpetrated by a family member), atrocities, war, or severe environmental disruption such as earthquakes. They are more accurately diagnosed with disorders of extreme stress (DESNOS). For these clients, the dissociated neural networks, or dissociative fragmentation, cause serious problems in adult life. The adaptive information processing system is on hold for these dissociated fragments or parts. They are easily triggered by internal or external cues to which they can have extreme reactions, (flashbacks, amnesia, losing time and place, and so forth.) Our goal as therapists is to use EMDR to help clients (and their internal dissociated neural networks or parts) find stability and resources to function adaptively in their present life, and then desensitize and reprocess the dissociated trauma memories and the PTSD symptoms. We aim to help our clients manage their symptoms. It is not our goal to eliminate dissociation, which has been a major survival strategy, but to help the client utilize it with conscious control. It is important to note that attachment issues are an aspect of development that are especially impacted by trauma. The attachment styles of the family pre trauma may have already affected the client in negative ways, impacting the client's resources and responses to trauma. One way to look at this set of problems is to utilize two approaches in the preparation phase of EMDR. These approaches combine the treatment of dissociative symptoms with ego state work and are an essential aspect of treating these clients with EMDR. This work may extend the preparation phase considerably, but will add safety and structure to the trauma processing experiences for these clients.

Keywords: Ego State Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

67. Shapiro, F. (2009). Desensibilizacion y reprocesamiento por medio de movimiento ocular (EMDR) [Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)]. Pax Mexico L.C.C.S.A.

Language: Spanish

Format: Book

Abstract:
En tan solo unos cuantos años, el modo EMDR se ha convertido en el tratamiento más elaborado para el desorden de estrés postraumático (entre otras perturbaciones). El método EMDR es un tratamiento legítimo y poderoso. Modelo integral y eficiente en el tratamiento de experiencias perturbadoras, el método EMDR incorpora diversos aspectos de terapias sistémicas, psicodinámicas, experienciales, conductuales y corporales. Consiste en ocho fases que comprenden el uso de movimientos oculares y otras formas de estimulación izquierda-derecha. Es eficaz para tratar el desorden de estrés postraumático y reprocesar pensamientos y recuerdos perturbadores o problemas psicológicos de sobrevivientes de traumas, de abuso sexual, de crímenes, de combate bélico, así como de fobias y desórdenes causados por experiencias vivenciales y proporciona en poco tiempo efectos clínicos profundos y estables. Con descripciones y transcripciones detalladas, la autora guía al clínico por cada etapa del tratamiento terapéutico, desde la selección de los clientes hasta la aplicación del método y su integración dentro de un plan integral de tratamiento clínico. Escrito de manera accesible, este libro es una guía invaluable tanto para los clínicos experimentados en el tratamiento EMDR como para las personas que acaban de conocer el método, y para los estudiantes avanzados de psicología clínica y psicoterapia.

In just a few years, modeEMDR has become more elaborate treatment for PTSD (among other disturbances) clutter. The methodEMDR is a legitimate and powerful treatment. Comprehensive and efficient model in the treatment of disturbing experiences, the methodEMDR incorporates aspects of systemic therapies, psychodynamic, experienciales, behavioural and body. Consists of eight phases comprising the use of eye movements and other forms of left-right stimulation. It is effective in treating post-traumatic stress disorder and re-processing thoughts and disturbing memories or psychological problems of survivors of trauma, sexual abuse, of crimes, war combat, as well as phobias and disorders caused by vivenciales experiences and provides deep and stable clinical effects in a short time. With descriptions and detailed transcripts, the author guides the clinical through every stage of therapeutic, treatment from clients to the implementation of the method and their integration within a comprehensive clinical treatment plan selection. Written in an accessible manner, this book is an invaluable guide for clinicians in the treatmentEMDR as for people just know the method and for advanced students of clinical psychology and psychotherapy.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: No

68. Stierum, A. J., & van Heijningen, J. G. M. (2011, April). Diagnostiek en behandeling van dissociatieve stoornissen bij kinderen en jeugdigen [Diagnosis and treatment of dissociative disorders in children and adolescents]. Presentatie op het 39ste Voorjaarscongres Nederlandse Vereniging voor Psychiatrie, Amsterdam.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Inhoud van de workshop: Dissociatie en trauma zijn nauw met elkaar verbonden. Dissociatieve stoornissen worden toch vaak niet herkend en dissociatieve stoornissen bij kinderen gelden als controversieel. Kinder- en jeugdpsychiaters leren in de opleiding weinig over dissociatieve stoornissen. In de workshop wordt aandacht besteed aan het herkennen van dissociatieve stoornissen bij (seksueel) getraumatiseerde kinderen en aan de behandeling ervan, geïntegreerd in de traumabehandeling. Ernstig getraumatiseerde kinderen hebben vaak meerdere diagnoses, zoals posttraumatische stoornissen essentieel is voor het slagen van een goede traumabehandeling. We bespreken de internationale richtlijnen en recente literatuur over diagnostiek en behandeling van dissociatieve stoornissen bij kinderen. Neurobiologische aspecten van vroegkinderlijke traumatisering en de gevolgen hiervan voor het kind worden behandeld. Verschillende behandelmethoden zoals eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) en differentiatiefasetherapie worden besproken. Vorm: —— Aan de hand van presentaties worden de theorie en de praktijk van de diagnostiek en het behandelen van dissociatieve stoornissen bij kinderen en jeugdigen besproken. —— We tonen beeldmateriaal van diagnostiek en behandeling van dissociatieve stoornissen bij kinderen en jeugdigen. —— Uitwisselen van ervaring en kennis, inbrengen van casuïstiek en discussie. Leerdoel: —— Aan het einde van de workshop erkent de deelnemer het belang van herkennen en behandelen van dissociatieve stoornissen bij getraumatiseerde kinderen en jeugdigen. —— De deelnemer vergroot zijn kennis van diagnostiek en behandeling van dissociatieve stoornissen van kinderen en jeugdigen, waarbij hij op de hoogte is van de recente literatuur. stressstoornis (PTSS) en hechtingsstoornis. Dissociatieve problematiek kan ook verward worden met onder meer obsessieve-compulsieve stoornissen (ODD), aandachtstekortstoornis met hyperactiviteit (ADHD) en vele andere kinderpsychiatrische stoornissen en zo het resultaat van therapieën bemoeilijken. Wij gaan er daarom vanuit dat herkennen en behandelen van dissociatieve.

Contents of the workshop: Dissociation and trauma are closely linked. Dissociative disorders are often not yet recognized and dissociative disorders in children construed as controversial. Child and adolescent psychiatrists learning in the training little dissociative disorders. The workshop focuses on recognition of dissociative disorders (Sexual) traumatized children and the its treatment, integrated into the trauma treatment. Severely traumatized children often have multiple diagnoses, such as post traumatic stress is essential for the success of a good trauma treatment. We discuss the International guidelines and recent literature about diagnosis and treatment of dissociative disorders in children. Neurobiological Aspects of early childhood trauma and consequences for the child to be treated. Various treatments such as eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) and phase modulation therapy are discussed. Form: - Based on the theory presentations and practice of diagnosis and treatment of dissociative disorders in children and adolescents are discussed. - We show footage of diagnosis and treatment of dissociative disorders children and adolescents. - Share the experience and knowledge, contribute of cases and discussion. Objective: - At the end of the workshop, the participant acknowledges the importance of recognizing and treating of dissociative disorders among traumatized children and adolescents. - Participants increased their knowledge of diagnosis and treatment of dissociative disorders of children and youth, taking on the aware of the recent literature. stress disorder (PTSD) and attachment disorder. Dissociative problem can also confused are including obsessive-compulsive disorder (ODD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and many other children's psychiatric disorders and as a result of therapies difficult. We therefore assume that recognition and treatment of dissociative.

Keywords: Adolescents Children Dissociative Disorders Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

69. Edalatian-McCain, N. (2009, August). Distal-proximal process interweave for treatment of sexual trauma in DID clients. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Atlanta, GA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will learn an extended interweave strategy to reduce the likelihood of re-traumatization in DID clients processing sexual trauma within the EMDR protocol. This strategy, Distal-Proximal Process interweave, involves an orientation phase to encourage and help the “host” to stay present during processing--even at the expense of not dealing with details of a trauma that are held in alters with limited range. The implementation phase involves using the Rescue Express Merge tactic to help the client process with empowerment. The client is helped through the trauma several times, each time handling more details until he/she can process the trauma in its entirety without needing interweaves.

Keywords: DID Dissociative Identity Disorder Distal-Proximal Process Interweave Sexual Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

70. Butler, K. (1995, July-August). Divided memories. Family Therapy Networker, 19(4), 1.

Language: English

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
Ann Norris first went to see Laguna Beach psychologist Doug Sawin in 1988. She had recently graduated from college with a degree in music and suffered from insomnia and drank alcohol to sleep. But it was her relationship with her mother, Judy, that troubled her most. After Ann's triumphant college graduation vocal recital, Judy hadn't even congratulated her. Two days later, Judy had called and angrily attacked Ann over the phone until Ann cried.
It was the kind of issue that a good family or individual therapist might have addressed by building on Ann's obvious strengths, teaching her to contain and manage her feelings, and coaching her to develop a better relationship with her mother. But Sawin instead focussed intensely on the past. Ann soon had memories of her father sexually abusing her, and later of elaborate cultic abuse, which her three siblings didn't come close to corroborating. She was hospitalized after attempting suicide, and Sawin bluntly told her father, Al, over the phone, of Ann's charges Al collapsed in tears.
Over the years, Ann drew closer to Sawin while her relations with her family and her own mental state grew more troubled. She was diagnosed with Multiple Personality Disorder and, with Sawin's support, sued her parents and grandparents for $20 million. She spent six years in therapy with Sawin She now describes psychiatric hospitals where she still stays periodically because she cuts and burns herself as her "institutional mothers." She has not spoken to her true mother in six years. And she no longer sings.
It doesn't take a PhD in psychology or a seat on a state licensing board to see that Ann is worse off than when she entered therapy. Millions of nontherapists undoubtedly made just such an assessment when Ann, her therapist and her family told their stories before millions of prime-time viewers on "Divided Memories," a four-hour PBS Frontline documentary screened in early May.
In her wide-ranging investigation of therapy, sexual abuse and memory, producer Ofra Bikel used as her primary subject families divided by recovered memories of abuse. She also managed to persuade nearly half a dozen therapists to do therapy while her camera was running. It was a remarkable event, in which all of America was invited behind the one-way mirror to see therapy in action in the midst of its most divisive controversy and to judge it for themselves.

Keywords: MPD Multiple Personality Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

71. de Jongh, A., & ten Broeke, E. (1993). Een nieuwe behandelingsmethode voor angst en trauma's: ‘Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing’ [A new treatment for anxiety and trauma: Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing]. Directieve Therapie, 13(2), 78-83. doi:10.1007/BF03060028 .

Language: Dutch

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
In deze bijdrage wordt een beschrijving gegeven van de achtergronden en principes van ‘Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing’ ( EMDR), een recente ontwikkeling op het gebied van de psychotherapie. Deze procedure wordt gepresenteerd als een snelle en effectieve behandelmethode voor aan angst gerelateerde klachten, waaronder posttraumatische stress-stoornissen. Een belangrijk onderdeel van EMDR is dat de therapeut bij de cliënt een aantal snelle en ritmische oogbewegingen uitlokt door hem te vragen zijn vinger te volgen, terwijl de cliënt een beeld van de traumatische herinnering in gedachten houdt. Dit zou resulteren in cognitieve veranderingen en een langdurige vermindering van angst, alsmede een verdwijnen van terugkerende herinneringen en indringende gedachten. Zoals naar voren komt uit onderzoek en twee gepresenteerde gevalsbeschrijvingen (een geval van extreme angst voor de tandheelkundige behandeling en een geval van seksueel misbruik), kan EMDR reeds effectief zijn in slechts één zitting. Het artikel sluit af met evaluatieve opmerkingen en aanbevelingen met betrekking tot het gebruik van deze behandelingsmethode in de praktijk.

In this article describes the background and principles of "Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing "(EMDR), a recent development in the field of psychotherapy. This procedure is presented as a rapid and effective treatment for anxiety-related symptoms, including post-traumatic stress disorder. EMDR is an important part of the therapist to the client a number of rapid and rhythmic eye movements provokes him by asking his finger to follow, while a client image of the traumatic memory in mind. This would result in cognitive changes and a lasting reduction of anxiety and a loss of recurrent and intrusive recollections thoughts. As emerges from two studies and presented case studies (one case extreme fear of dental treatment and one case of sexual abuse), EMDR can already effectively in only one session. The article concludes with evaluative comments and recommendations regarding the using this treatment method in practice.

Keywords: Anxiety Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

72. Edmond, T. E., Rubin, A., & Wambach, K. G. (1999, June). The effectiveness of EMDR with adult female survivors of childhood sexual abuse. Social Work Research, 23(2), 103-116. doi:10.1093/swr/23.2.103.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
A randomized experimental evaluation found support for the effectiveness of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in reducing trauma symptoms among adult female survivors of childhood sexual abuse. 59 women were assigned randomly to one of three groups: (1) individual EMDR treatment (six sessions); (2) routine individual treatment (six sessions); or (3) delayed treatment control group. A MANOVA was statistically significant at both posttest and follow-up. In univariate ANOVAs for each of four standardized outcome measures EMDR group members scored significantly better than controls at posttest. In a three-month follow-up, EMDR participants scored significantly better than routine individual treatment participants on two of the four measures, with large effect sizes suggestive of clinical significance. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Americans Brief Psychotherapy Child Abuse Empirical Study Females Follow-up Study Longitudinal Study Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Random Clinical Trial Rape RCT Self Efficacy Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

73. Edmond, T., & Rubin, A. (2006, June). Effectividad de EMDR en supervivientes adultas de abuso sexual en la infancia [Efficacy of EMDR in adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Istanbul, Turkey.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Keywords: Efficacy Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

74. MacCulloch, M. (2006, December). Effects of EMDR on previously abused child molesters: Theoretical reviews and preliminary findings from Ricci, Clayton, and Shapiro. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology, 17(4), 531-537. doi:10.1080/14789940601075760.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
We publish in this issue a preliminary and tentative account of the reduction of deviant sexual arousal, as measured by phallometry, by eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR). The purpose of this editorial is to show that the conclusions of Davidson and Parker (2001), and the comment by Salkovskis, can now be set aside, and to present our readers with some theoretical thoughts on some of the mechanisms by which EMDR could induce its effects, including trauma reduction. A major bar to the further acceptance of EMDR as a treatment and as an inviting research topic stems from the fact that workers still cannot see how eye movements can cause the reported clinical changes and the increasing number of temporally related psycho-physiological phenomena. This editorial suggests that the organs of computation of the mind have evolved by natural selection to solve problems of survival and, signally, include corollary discharge and feed forward (CD-FF) mechanisms by which they intrinsically function and also interact with one another. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Abused Child Molesters Editorial Pedophilia Physiology Sexual Arousal

Accuracy Verified: Yes

75. Choi, K. M., Min, J. A., Park, G. H., Lee, S.-H., & Chae, J.-H. (2011). The effects of horizontal eye movement on mental health indices and psychophysiological activities in healthy subjects. Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 18(3), 148-158.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Objectives: The eye movement (EM) has been reported to play a role in enhancing the retrieval of episodic memories and reducing effects of fearful episodes in the past and worries for the futures. However, it is still unclear in the mechanism of EM in normal subjects. We examined the horizontal eye movement (HEM) effect using an aiding apparatus on mental health indices including negative and positive psychological factors, and psychophysiological measures such as heart rate variability and quantitative electroencepaholography (qEEG) in healthy subjects.
Methods: Twenty eight healthy subjects were recruited and randomly allocated into two groups : active HEM group and control group. The active HEM group conducted the HEM training with usual stress management audio-intervention using the apparatus inducing eye movement once a day for 14 days. The control group also conducted the same training once a day for 14 days, however, the saccadic eye movement was not included in this training. Psychological measurements, neurocognitive function tests, heart rate variability measurement and qEEG were conducted before and after the training in both groups.
Results: In the active HEM group, sleep status using Sleep Quality Scale (SQS) positive factors significantly increased after the training. By contrast, scores on the negative items of Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWBS), and negative items of the Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R) were significantly decreased after the training. The percentage of delta amplitude (1-3 Hz) in qEEG significantly decreased after the HEM training. The percentage of alpha amplitude (8-12 Hz) significantly increased after HEM training. The change of delta amplitude in the active HEM group was positively correlated with the change of sleep satisfaction of Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and the change of alpha amplitude was negatively correlated with depression of VAS, anxiety of VAS and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI).
Conclusions: The HEM training improved sleep quality and well-being, and sense of optimism. The HEM training also increased alpha amplitude and decreased delta amplitude in qEEG. The qEEG changes were well correlated with subjective improvement of mental health indices in healthy subjects. These results suggest some evidences that HEM training using the apparatus that induces EM would be helpful in improving subjective mental health in healthy subjects. Further study with larger samples size would be needed.

Keywords: Horitzontal Eye Movements

Accuracy Verified: Yes

76. Farkas, L. (2008, December). The effects of motivation-adaptive skills-trauma resolution (MASTR) - Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) on traumatized adolescents with conduct problems. Universite de Montreal, Canada. AAT NR55659.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Objective.- This dissertation explored the effectiveness of a treatment package, Motivation-Adaptive Skills-Trauma Resolution (MASTR) in combination with Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). This intervention was assessed in a sample of traumatized adolescents manifesting conduct problems (CPs) admitted to youth protective services. CP adolescents have been found to be particularly treatment-resistant and the treatments used with them often neglect to target the trauma that many of these youths have faced. Therefore, it seemed promising to implement a trauma-focused treatment with these youths that accounts for their resistance to treatment. MASTR-EMDR was studied with this population due to the favorable findings in the few studies assessing its use with high-risk populations. In addition to examining the effects of this treatment with CP youth exposed to various types of trauma, a particular focus was given to victims of sexual abuse (SA). This type of trauma seemed particularly suited for EMDR due to its circumscribed nature, which may be more easily worked through in this treatment that targets one trauma at a time.
Method.- Participants in the first study were 40 adolescents (ages 13-17) exhibiting CPs and exposed to trauma in youth protective services. A subsample (n = 30), consisting of victims of SA, was included in the second study. Participants in both studies were randomly assigned to MASTR-EMDR treatment or to a wait list condition where they were offered routine care. Self-report questionnaires and semi- structured interviews were administered to participants and one of their parents or caregivers by independent evaluators at three points in time: pre-treatment, post-treatment (12 weeks later) and follow-up (12 weeks after post-treatment). These measures evaluated trauma history, trauma-related sequelae, CPs, social competence and internalizing problems. The MASTR-EMDR sessions were administered once a week over a 12 week period, with each session lasting a maximum of 1.5 hours.
Results.- ANCOVAs and repeated measures ANCOVAs were used to assess treatment effects and the maintenance of gains at a 3-month follow-up. As predicted, MASTR-EMDR led to significant gains in outcome measures compared to routine treatment with both samples. In addition, gains were maintained at follow-up.
Conclusions.- This dissertation supports the use of MASTR-EMDR in populations exposed to general trauma and SA who exhibit CPs. This research was innovative in its implementation of a novel treatment-approach in youth protective services, where empirically-supported treatments are necessary and sometimes lacking. Therefore, the results have both clinical and scientific value and can help pave the way toward more trauma-focused treatments for CP youth, more evidence-based practices in youth protective services as well as enrich current understanding of the effects of this treatment approach.[Author Abstract]

Keywords: Conduct Problems Protective Services Psychotherapeutic Techniques Trauma Treatment Outcome Youth

Accuracy Verified: Yes

77. Taylor, J. E., & Harvey, S. T. (2009, September-October). Effects of psychotherapy with people who have been sexually assaulted: A meta-analysis. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 14(5), 273–285. doi:10.1016/j.avb.2009.03.006.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This paper presents the results of a meta-analysis of the treatment outcome studies of different types of psychotherapeutic approaches for sexual assault victims experiencing PTSD or rape trauma symptoms. There were 15 outcome studies identified for inclusion in the meta-analysis dating from 1988–2005, and these studies comprised 25 treatment conditions. Separate meta-analyses were conducted according to study design (independent samples and repeated measures), in keeping with meta-analytic conventions. The overall results for the two meta-analyses were highly consistent, and effect sizes were in the large range for independent samples (g=.91) and repeated measures treatments (g=.90). Effects were maintained at follow-up from 6–12 months after treatment. Studies represented diverse treatment approaches, and most treatments were effective in improving outcome according to symptom reduction. A number of moderating variables were examined. Better outcomes were achieved with individual therapy compared to group approaches. The use of semi-structured approaches and homework techniques were positively related to the magnitude of effect size. [Science Direct]

Keywords: Meta-analysis Outcome Rape Sexual assault Therapy Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

78. Hensel, T. (2005, September). Effektivität von EMDR bei psychisch traumatisierten kindern und jugendlichen [Effectiveness of EMDR with psychologically traumatized children and adolescents]. Jahrestagung der deutschsprachigen gesellschaft für psychotraumatologie DeGPT, Dresden .

Language: German

Format: Conference

Abstract: EMDR ist als ein effektives und ökonomisches Verfahren zur Behandlung von chronischer PTBS bei Erwachsenen anerkannt. Dieses Poster verdeutlicht die Effektivität von EMDR bei psychisch traumatisierten Kindern und Jugendlichen. Die kontrollierten Studien sind inhaltlich und in ihrer methodologischen Güte beschrieben und ausgewertet worden. Es sind sowohl singulär traumatisierte Kinder und Jugendliche nach einer Naturkatastrophe bzw. einer Explosion, wie auch sequentiell traumatisierte Kinder und Jugendliche mit sexuellem Missbrauch und Gewalterfahrungen behandelt worden. Alle Studien weisen EMDR als hoch effektiv aus. Dies gilt gleichermaßen für die Reduktion der PTB wie auch der komorbiden Symptome (Depression, Angst). Bemerkenswert ist, dass in den beiden Behandlungsvergleichen mit bewährten kognitiv-behavioralen Verfahren EMDR bei gleicher Effektivität signifikant effizienter war. Dies repliziert Ergebnisse aus dem Erwachsenenbereich (van Etten & Taylor, 1998). Obwohl die geringe Anzahl an Studien die Generalisierbarkeit der Ergebnisse einschränkt, scheint EMDR über alle untersuchten Alterstufen hinweg ein einheitliches Wirkprofil vorzuweisen.[Author abstract]

EMDR is recognized as an effective and economical method for the treatment of chronic PTSD in adults. This poster illustrates the effectiveness of EMDR with psychologically traumatized children and adolescents. Controlled studies are described and evaluated in terms of content and its methodological quality and has been. They are both singular traumatized children and adolescents after a natural disaster or an explosion, as well as sequentially traumatized children and adolescents treated with sexual abuse and violence. All the studies point out EMDR to be highly effective. This applies equally to the reduction of the PTB as well as the comorbid symptoms (depression), anxiety. It is noteworthy that cognitively in the two treatment comparisons with best-behavioral procedures with the same effectiveness of EMDR was significantly more efficient. This replicates results from the adult participants (Van Etten & Taylor, 1998). Although the small number of studies limits the generalizability of the results, it seems EMDR track record across all age groups studied a single-action profile. [Author abstract].

Keywords: Adolescents Children Poster Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

79. Daroff, L. H. (1996). Efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing procedure in the treatment of traumatic memories: A replication study. Temple University, Philadelphia, PA. AAT 9632020.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
The purpose of this replication study was either to support or refute the original Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing research conducted by Shapiro. The present study was amended with two additional indices to assess anxiety and social functioning.14 subjects suffering long standing (one or more years) traumatic memory symptomatology, concerning rape, physical abuse, incest, and childhood sexual molestation, were randomly assigned to one of two treatment conditions. Traumatic memories were pivotal to presenting symptoms, which included panic attacks, self-blaming/guilt, intrusive thoughts, anxiety, nightmares, insomnia and avoidant thinking/behavior. All subjects were diagnosed with PTSD, by an independent licensed clinical psychologist. There were 13 females and 1 male. The male subject was in the Control Group. Age range was from 25 to 49 years with a Mean age of 38.64 years. Range for age of traumatic event was five to 19 years of age, with a Mean age of 10.14 years. Range for duration of the subjects' symptoms since traumatic event was 18 to 44 years with a Mean age of 28.5 years. Dependent variables were (1) anxiety level, (2) validity of a positive self-statement/assessment of the traumatic incident, (3) primary presenting symptom and (4) social adjustment. Measures utilized were the Subjective Units of Disturbance Scale (SUDS), the Validity of Cognition (VoC) self evaluation, primary presenting symptom self report, the Impact of Event Scale (IES), and the Social Adjustment-Self Report (SAS-SR). Initial measures demonstrated that all subjects were essentially the same prior to any treatment. Measures were obtained at the initial session and at 1- and 3-month follow-up sessions. Where applicable the analyses conducted paralleled those used in the original research. The results of the study indicated that a single session of EMDR successfully desensitized the subjects' traumatic memory, significantly mediated their cognitive assessment of the situation, as well as their social adjustment. Treatment effects were maintained over the period of the study for all subjects. These findings support the original conclusions in Shapiro's seminal study of the Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing procedure. The exact neurological mechanisms involved in the Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing procedure remain unknown. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Anxiety Child Abuse Empirical Study Experimental Replication Incest Memory Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Self-Evaluation Social Adjustment Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

80. Easton, M. (2009). The efficacy of eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in the treatment of sexual trauma: A review of the literature. Argosy University, Atlanta, GA.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:

Keywords: Review Sexual Trauma Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

81. Shapiro, F. (1989, April). Efficacy of the eye movement desensitization procedure in the treatment of traumatic memories. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 2(2), 199-223. doi:10.1007/BF00974159.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of the recently developed Eye Movement Desensitization (EMD) procedure on traumatic memory symptomatology. 22 subjects suffering from symptoms related to traumatic memories were used in the study. All had been victims of traumatic incidents concerning the Vietnam War, childhood sexual molestation, sexual or physical assault, or emotional abuse. Memories of the traumatic incident were pivotal to the presenting complaints which included intrusive thoughts, flashbacks, sleep disturbances, low self-esteem, and relationship problems. Dependent variables were (1) anxiety level, (2) validity of a positive self-statement/assessment of the traumatic incident, and (3) presenting complaints. These measures were obtained at the initial session and at 1- and 3-month follow-up sessions. The results of the study indicated that a single session of the EMD procedure successfully desensitized the subjects' traumatic memories and dramatically altered their cognitive assessments of the situation, effects that were maintained through the 3-month follow-up check. This therapeutic benefit was accompanied by behavioral shifts which included the alleviation of the subjects' primary presenting complaints. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Americans Anxiety Combat Incest Memories Molestation Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Random Clinical Trial Rape RCT Survivors Trauma Veterans Vietnam War

Accuracy Verified: Yes

82. Cruz, M. R. (2010, Octubre/Noviembre). Eficácia del EMDR como técnica terapêutica en mujeres que presentan depresion por abuso sexual, que acuden al Hospital Cantonal de Sangolqui a consulta externa en el año 2007 [Effectiveness of EMDR as a therapeutic technique in women with depression, sexual abuse, who come to the Cantonal Hospital in outpatient Sangolqui in 2007]. Presentación en el II Congreso Iberoamericano de EMDR y Psicotrauma, Quito, Ecuador.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Keywords: Cantonal Hospital Depression Sangolqui Sexual Abuse Women

Accuracy Verified: Yes

83. Armendariz, M., & Noguerol, V. (2012, June). El abuso sexual intrafamiliar: La epidemia silenciosa. Comentarios en torno a la película "No tengas miedo" [Intrafamiliar sexual abuse: The hidden epidemics. Comments about the movie: "Don't be afraid"]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
No abstract available.

Keywords: Intrafamiliar Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

84. Konuk, E., & Ergun, B. M. (2012, June). EMDR & complex post traumatic stress disorder [EMDR y Trastorno por estrés post-‐traumático complejo]. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Complex Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (C-‐PTSD) is a psychological injury that results from protracted and repeated exposure to traumatic stressor. Though the literature in recent years presented and published papers on C-‐PTSD, the category is under consideration for inclusion in DSM or ICD. PTSD descriptions fail to capture some of the core elements of C-‐PTSD. Such elements include captivity, psychological fragmentation, the loss of a sense of safety, trust, and self-‐ worth, as well as the tendency to be re-‐victimized, and the loss of a coherent sense of self. It is this loss of a coherent sense of self, and the ensuing symptom profile, that most pointedly differentiates C-‐PTSD from PTSD. Six clusters of symptom have been suggested for diagnosis of C-‐PTSD. These are; 1. Alterations in regulation of affect and impulses 2. Alterations in attention or consciousness 3. Alterations in self-‐perception 4. Alterations in relations with others 5. Somatization 6. Alterations in systems of meaning The aim of this workshop is to present C-‐PTSD and the use of EMDR treatment of a severely disturbed young woman with unfinished bereavement for her mother lost 10 years ago, series of sexual abuse by 12 persons, rejection and emotional abuse by close family members. The case will be presented via DVD recordings of sessions.

El trastorno por estrés post-‐traumático complejo (C-‐TEPT) es una lesión psicológica consecuencia de una exposición prolongada y repetida a un estresor traumático. Si bien la literatura ha presentado y publicado trabajos sobre C-‐TEPT en los últimos años, la categoría se encuentra sometida a debate para su inclusión en el DSM o CIE. Las descripciones de TEPT no captan algunos de los elementos esenciales de C-‐ TEPT. Dichos elementos incluyen la fragmentación psicológica, la pérdida de una sensación de seguridad, confianza y valor propio de la persona, así como la tendencia a sufrir nuevas victimizaciones y la pérdida de un sentido coherente del yo. Es precisamente esta pérdida un sentido coherente del yo y el perfil sintomatológico consecuente, lo que diferencia más marcadamente el C-‐TEPT del TEPT. Se han planteado los siguientes seis grupos (“clusters”) de síntomas para el diagnóstico de C-‐TEPT: 1. Alteraciones de la regulación del afecto e impulsos 2. Alteraciones de la atención o conocimiento 3. Alteraciones de la auto-‐percepción 4. Alteraciones de las relaciones con terceros 5. Somatización Alteraciones de los sistemas de significado El objetivo que persigue este taller es el de presentar el C-‐TEPT y el empleo del tratamiento con EMDR de una joven gravemente perturbada con duelo incompleto por la pérdida de su madre hacía 10 años, una serie de abusos sexuales por parte de 12 personas, el rechazo y abuso emocional por parte de familiares cercanos. Se presentará el caso mediante las grabaciones en DVD de las sesiones.

Keywords: Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder C-PTSD Complex PSTD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

85. Shapiro, F., & Sherwel, C. (2004). EMDR (Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing): Desensibilizacion y reprocesamiento por medio de moimiento ocular [EMDR (Eye Movement desensitization and reprocessing): Desensitization and reprocessing of eye movement]. México: Pax México.

Language: Spanish

Format: Book

Abstract:
En tan solo unos cuantos años, el modo EMDR se ha convertido en el tratamiento más elaborado para el desorden de estrés postraumático (entre otras perturbaciones). El método EMDR es un tratamiento legítimo y poderoso. Modelo integral y eficiente en el tratamiento de experiencias perturbadoras, el método EMDR incorpora diversos aspectos de terapias sistémicas, psicodinámicas, experienciales, conductuales y corporales. Consiste en ocho fases que comprenden el uso de movimientos oculares y otras formas de estimulación izquierda-derecha. Es eficaz para tratar el desorden de estrés postraumático y reprocesar pensamientos y recuerdos perturbadores o problemas psicológicos de sobrevivientes de traumas, de abuso sexual, de crímenes, de combate bélico, así como de fobias y desórdenes causados por experiencias vivenciales y proporciona en poco tiempo efectos clínicos profundos y estables. Con descripciones y transcripciones detalladas, la autora guía al clínico por cada etapa del tratamiento terapéutico, desde la selección de los clientes hasta la aplicación del método y su integración dentro de un plan integral de tratamiento clínico. Escrito de manera accesible, este libro es una guía invaluable tanto para los clínicos experimentados en el tratamiento EMDR como para las personas que acaban de conocer el método, y para los estudiantes avanzados de psicología clínica y psicoterapia.

In just a few years, how EMDR has become more elaborate treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (in other disturbances). EMDR is a legitimate and powerful treatment. Comprehensive and efficient model in the treatment of disturbing experiences, EMDR incorporates various aspects of systemic therapies, psychodynamic, experiential, behavioral and physical. It consists of eight phases that include the use of eye movements and other forms of left-right stimulation. Is effective in treating post-traumatic stress disorder and reprocess disturbing thoughts and memories or psychological problems of survivors of trauma, sexual abuse, crimes of war fighting, as well as phobias and disorders caused by life experiences and provides in a short time effects clinical deep and stable. With detailed descriptions and transcripts, the author guides the clinician through every stage of therapeutic treatment, from selection of clients to the application of the method and its integration into a comprehensive clinical treatment. Written in an accessible, this book is an invaluable guide both for experienced clinicians in the EMDR treatment to people who just know the method, and for advanced students of clinical psychology and psychotherapy.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

86. Shapiro, F. (2009, December). EMDR and adaptive information processing: Applications to individual and family therapy. Presentation at the 6th Evolution of Psychotherapy Conference, Anaheim, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR directly addresses the physiologically stored memory networks that underlie both psychological problems and mental health. This orientation to both case conceptualization and treatment will be explored to address diverse clinical applications, including attachment issues, body image, chronic pain, substance abuse, sexual dysfunction, personality disorders, and other presenting complaints. The Integration of EMDR with family therapy practices will also be discussed.

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing

Accuracy Verified: Yes

87. Omaha, J. (2004, June). EMDR and affect centered therapy. Presentation at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, Stockholm, Sweden .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Aim: This presentation will describe the integration of principles of emotion regulation into EMDR therapy for a range of disorders. Population: All ages; mostly Axis I and II disorders. Learning objectives: 1) to describe the development of emotion regulation beginning in the context of the attachment and continuing through adolescence; 2) to describe the origin of emotion dysregulation and psychopathology in deficit experience adversity, and trauma; 3) to describe a protocol, Affect Management Skills Training (AMST), that remediates failures of emotion regulation; 4) to describe how AMST prepares the client for uncovering therapy by providing for containment, safety, emotion regulation, improved left-right hemisphere integration, and remediation of attachment deficits; 5) to describe integration of MAST into EMDR therapies for substance abuse and eating disorders. Abstract: The workshop will summarize the principal affective developments that occur from birth through age four. These include fulfillment of yearning affect, facial imprinting, gaze transaction, stimulation of positive affect, and provision of optimal disapproval-shame experiences. The qualities of the child of “good enough” parenting are described. Developmental failures and their consequences for affect regulation and psychopathology will be described. These include: (1) avoidant attachment leading to problems of anger management, to depression, and development of narcissistic features; (2) anxious-ambivalent attachment leading to development of anxiety-related disorders and borderline features; (3) failure to elicit optimal positive affects leading to impaired vitality across the life span and depression; (4) socialization of the senior toddler with anger, leading to problems with anger expression, or with disgust, leading to problems with shame, impaired self-worth, and defective self-efficacy. Adversity (raised by a single parent, witness to spousal abuse, divorce, substance abuse in the home) and trauma (psychological, physical, and/or sexual abuse) occurring during latency and adolescence will be shown to exacerbate difficulties with emotional regulation.
The seven basic skills of the AMST protocol will be described. These skills provide for regocnition, tolerance, and regulation of both positive and negative emtoins. They include containment, safe place, sensation-affect recognition, sensation-as-signal, grounded and present, noticing, and regulation.
The workshop will describe how AMST prepares the client for uncovering therapy and for EMDR by teaching the client to regulate emotion prior to it elicitation in therapy, by improving hemispheric integration, and by correcting deficits in the attachment.
The workshop concludes by describing how MAST is integrated into EMDR therapy for substance abuse disorders (alcohol, drugs, nicotine) and eating disorders.

Keywords: Affect Centered Therapy Affect Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

88. Spuijbroek, P. (2010, July). EMDR and ASD? Yes! EMDR in relation with austistic spectrum. Presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
A lot of children with autism spectrum disorders are treated with EMDR in my practice, especially whenever there are traumatic situations, ( i.e. bullying!!, sexual harassment) anxiety, often as a start of further treatment or embedded in an cognitive therapy. I want to share my experiences with other participants by showing videos and be helpful with solutions/ adjustments in treatments. Make participants aware of different approaches. Why is EMDR useful at ASD, indications and contra indication, which difficulties are being to be considered with clients with ASD, which results could be expected? And which solutions or adjustments are helpful. My presentation has videos, which will show the theory.

Keywords: ASD Autism Autistic Spectrum Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

89. Twombly, J. (2008, April). EMDR and EMDR adaptions in the treatment of dissociative disorders. Presentation at the 1st Bi-Annual European Society for Trauma and Dissociation Conference, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop offers ways to incorporate Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing in the treatment of clients with Dissociative Identity Disorder, Dissociative Disorder Not Otherwise Specified and ego state work. Used carefully, EMDR and EMDR adaptations can accelerate the treatment process. A liability is that its incorrect use can accelerate decompensation in clients with complex trauma and attachment disordered histories. This workshop offers suggested uses of EMDR and EMDR adaptations to facilitate stabilization, orientation to the present, decrease some negative transferences and to provide a protective format for processing traumatic material. Learning objectives: 1. Participant is able to identify stages of treatment of dissociative disordered clients where EMDR and EMDR adaptations can be used. 2. Participant is able to use EMDR adaptations to orient dissociated parts of the mind to present time. 3. Participant has knowledge of how to develop a controlled process of using EMDR for trauma processing.

Keywords: Dissociative Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

90. Curran, L. A. (2009, January). EMDR and EMDR related techniques for effective trauma treatment. Wayne State University, School of Social Work, Center for Social Work Practice Policy and Research, Fort Washington, PA.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
Beginning in the 1990s, Francine Shapiro had discovered and began researching a new neurophysiological technique for treating traumatic material. This technique, alternating bilateral stimulation, was quickly subsumed by Shapiro’s psychotherapeutic orientation known as Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). After many years of rigorous empirical studies demonstrating its uses and effectiveness in trauma treatment, EMDR has become one of only three approved treatments recommended by the veteran’s administration for the treatment of PTSD. Through didactic illustration and explanation; videotaped demonstrations; and experiential exercises, this seminar provides clinicians the basic principles of EMDR and EMDR- related techniques and how each would be incorporated into their personal therapeutic orientation and practice. Goals 1. Participants will gain understanding of neuroscience’s trauma paradigm · Biological nature of trauma · Specific trauma symptoms and their order of appearance · Primary treatment issues in trauma therapy. 2. Participants will gain understanding of trauma’s cognitive and somatic impact and how to effectively treat its sequelae including: · Hyperarousal · Affect dysregulation · Dissociation · Body memories and “flashbacks” 3. Participants will learn the theory of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) and EMDR-related techniques for initial resourcing of clients, followed by desensitizing and cognitive reprocessing of traumatic material. Objectives 1. Participants will identify the biological nature of trauma; how trauma is stored in the body and limbic system, creating physical and psychological symptoms. 2. Participants learn to identify the symptoms of trauma- hyperarousal; affect dysregulation; dissociation, body memories and “flashbacks”. 3. Participants will learn the Adaptive Information Processing Model and clinical research associated with EMDR 4. Participants will learn how EMDR and EMDR-related techniques are used as an adjunct to psychotherapy. 5. Participants will identify and demonstrate the eight 8 Phases of EMDR protocol. 6. Participants will describe the differences between eye movement, auditory and tactile stimulation. 7. Describe the process for resourcing a client prior to actual processing traumatic material. 8. Describe the process of employing tactile alternating bilateral stimulation for the processing traumatic memories.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: No

91. Sochaczewsky, E. M. (2001, May). EMDR and intergenerational violence in a children's psychiatric hospital. Presentation at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, London, UK .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Most of the children who come to our Clinic are multi-traumatised and very often they have been hurt in their own families. Domestic violence is usually understood as physical and sexual abuse and neglect, and we have learned to look at the "T-traumatas", Silent Violence, the "t-traumatas", including constant negative feedback to the child, devaluation and narcissistic abuse suffered from for many years in the "ghetto family" do also cause severe woundings, which we have not yet learned to look at.

Keywords: Children Intergenerational Violence

Accuracy Verified: Yes

92. Cole, M. (2010, July). EMDR and metacognitive therapy: Same destination, different language. Poster presented at the 38th Annual Conference of the British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Therapies, Manchester, UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The information processing model has been described in many different ways and is potentially the underlying process that describes the psychotherapy change process, regardless of orientation. In this poster I will briefly compare Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing and Meta-Cognitive Therapy in light of this information processing model and conclude that although they may use different language to describe their theories, a unifying information processing model describes both paradigms. Human beings are meaning making machines (Robbins, 2009). We give meaning to the world, the deeds we do and the interactions we have, as well as the more fundamental senses we experience (Frankl, 2004). Information arises either from external stimulus or internal process’s and this information goes through our filters where we delete, distort and generalise this information based on the rules created in our information processing unit (Fig 1). This information processing mechanism gives meaning to this filtered information and generates a response, this response interacts with this information and the cycle then repeats in a self regulatory manner. This process is repeated for everything we do; we are and continues until we die. Mental health issues arise when this self regulatory system fails to make a useful functional meaning of the information. Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) was developed by Francine Shapiro (1989) for the treatment of trauma memories and associated emotions, changing the meaning the person gives to their experiences. Metacognitive Therapy (MCT) was developed by Wells and Matthews (1984) as a way of defining the processes that underpin a range of psychological disorders. One of the features of psychological disorders such as anxiety or depression is that thinking becomes difficult to control and biased in particular ways that lead to a worsening and maintenance of emotional suffering. Many clients report that they feel that they have ‘lost control’ over their thoughts and behaviours. Another important feature is that the persons thinking and attention becomes fixed in patterns of brooding and dwelling on the self and threatening information. Both EMDR and MCT describe an information management/processing system that organises and carries out various tasks such as how to open a door, how to get dressed, how to be anxious, how to respond to a trauma memory Both therapies appear to change this system / process to something that is much more adaptive for the client, as if they change the master information management control programme that runs this system, in the same way a conductor influences the orchestra and the music they produce. Both models describe the same process, although they utilise different language to describe this change process. Perhaps a change of focus for the development of pychotherapy towards more process change models rather than content change interventions.

Keywords: Metacognitive Therapy Poster

Accuracy Verified: Yes

93. Chandarasiri, P. (2008, June). EMDR and play therapy in traumatised children. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Young children who are not yet fully developed mentally can not differentiate the past traumatic memory from the present reality and in metabolising disturbing trauma memories. Children usually mix their past experience and the present through play to help them connect the pieces of experience into a narrative that is understandable for them. Every piece of trauma in the past is integrated into their life and may adversely influence their personality formation. Trauma work with children through play and EMDR techniques can be helpful in preventing such distortion, especially among disable children. EMDR method was applied to a 10 years old boy with learning disability. He was separated from his family and stayed at the residential home. He had his past experience of witnessing domestic violence since early infancy. The injuries sustained by his mother had caused great concern for him. He also experienced sexual abuse by another boy which was reflected in sex play with his peers. He had attention problem, aggressive behaviours together with difficulty in regulating his moods. Because of his limitation, he preferred to communicate his emotions through action and play rather than verbally. His preoccupation was expressed through figures fighting that typically resulted in death. During the play session, the therapist would intermittently take a pause with him and the bilateral tapping was applied corresponding with the event in play, for example checking through the worst event, the negative event, the positive event, the strength, the changes taking place in their mind and the play. Most of his play started with the fighting and ended with the good figures won. The installation was applied at the end. His behaviours were monitored at the residential home and at the school. It was found later that he could control his anger better and he was able to tell the caretakers showing that he was aware of his feelings and his behaviours. The conclusion can be drawn that the use of bilateral stimulation during play therapy has facilitated changes in his behaviours, affects, and communication.

Keywords: Children Play Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

94. Levine, L. (1998, July). EMDR and sex therapy. Prresentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Baltimore, MD.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will: 1) learn how to identify cultural messages about sex that can have a negative impact in the belief system of a client, and use there internalized messages to identify potential targets for EMDR; 2) learn and understand how EMDR can reprocess the negative effects of small "t" trauma; 3) learn and understand how EMDR can be used to generate new pathways for positive sexual templates that will result in successful sexual experiences; 4) learn and understand how EMDR can reinforce newly achieved successful sexual experiences; 5) learn and understand why it is important to take a psychosocial sexual history; and 6) learn and share relevant resource materials on sexuality for clients and clinicians.

Keywords: Sex Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

95. Levine, L. (1999, June). EMDR and sex therapy. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Las Vegas, NV.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will learn: 1) understand how sex-negative cultural messages can lead to a damaged sense of self and understand how to target and reprocess these damaging messages; 2) understand the importance of taking a thorough psycho-social-sexual history before embarking on EMDR; 3) understand the indications and contraindications for using EMDR with sexual issues; and 4) understand how to use the EMDR model of past, present, and future to work on sexual performance issues.

Keywords: Cultural Messages Sexual Issues Sex Therapy Three Prongs

Accuracy Verified: Yes

96. Weston, D. L. (1995, June). EMDR and the issues of gay clients. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR is an effective therapeutic method for working with the emotional issues of gay clients. The first portion of this workshop will examine the "pubic" and "relationship" definitions of homosexuality. Being gay is much more than how people express themselves sexually. A brief historical and cultural kamework for understanding the emotional issues of lesbian I gay persons will be presented. There will be a review of the psychological theories and the research about the origins of homosexuality. The second portion of the workshop will focus on the psychological path of persons recognizing they are gay. The changes in the "pre-stonewall' and "post-stonewall" experience will be highlighted. This review of psychological experience will look at the points where EMDR therapists can be sensitive to the presence of emotional issues related to being gay. Feeling "different" is often a precursor to recognizing that one is gay. It is impossible to grow up in our culture without internalization of negative attitudes about gay people. When an individual recognizes (s)he is lesbian or gay, this negative learning now applies to one's self. EMDR is effective in resolving this "internalized homophobia." "Coming out" to one's self is a shock because, "I am no longer the person I believed myself to be." EMDR helps clients see gayness, not as an event happening in Me at this moment, but as something with a history related to earlier life experiences and feelings. This perception of continuity reduces the sense of crisis around being homosexual. As internalized homophobia is resolved, acceptance and valuing of self increases. Using the EMDR "future template" protocol assists people in preparing to "come out" to family, fiiends, employers, etc. Gay activists suggests that lesbian/gay persons need to be "out" in all situations. EMDR can help people understand why they want to come out to various people in various situations. It assists in idenhfxation of what people want as the result of "coming out." EMDR is effective in workmg with the myths about homosexuality; the cultural homophobia. Among the myths to be focused are: gay men are promiscuous, being gay is immoral, gay sexual expression is perversion, gay relationships don't last, lesbian/gay persons recruit young people, etc. The third portion of this workshop will focus on issues of HIV disease. There will be a brief epidemiological presentation and focus on the medical and psychological issues of persons with HIV disease. Application of EMDR at "crisis points" of HIV disease will be presented: (1) the worried well, a diminishing population as the aids epidmc continues, (2) the time of HIV+ diagnosis when the potential for suicide is highest, (3) the time of the first AIDS defining illness, (4) response to declining health and approaching death, and (5) issues of "meaning" as life moves toward death. EMDR's application in grief and multiple loss will be presented. Our culture's attitude that grief is something to "be resolved" and "get over" is a mistake. Grief is an ongoing process, especially when people are dealing with multiple losses of partners, fiends, etc. EMDR is effective in reducing the pain around loss so that the grief process can proceed more comfortably. The workshop will end with discussion of characteristics which therapists need to evaluate in relation to the decision to work or not work with gay and gay HIV infected clients. Working with gay men leads to working with clients with HIV disease. Therapists need to be clear about their boundaries and comfort in dealing with home and hospital visits, touching people who have AIDS, being present at the death of a client, and other issues that arise in HIVIAIDS care. The rewards of working with this population and the life changes it may make for the therapist will also be highlighted.

Keywords: Gay Clients Homosexuality

Accuracy Verified: Yes

97. Hofmann, A. (2009, June). EMDR and the treatment of adult survivors of childhood abuse and neglect. Keynote presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Patients with complex PTSD and dissociative symptoms are a challenging patient population . Concepts like the Disorder of Extreme Stress (Herman et al.) and the the research on memory networks and especially structural dissociation (Nijenhuis et al.) helps to understand this patients better. In the treatment of this patients EMDR can be one of the key treatment approaches in a therapy setting that usually needs to also enclose other EMDR modalities besides the EMDR standard protocol. New developments in EMDR and an decission help when to apply them can help pacing the therapy of these patients and making it successful.

Keywords: Adults Childhood Sexual Abuse Keynote Neglect Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

98. Levin, C. (1992, July). EMDR and the treatment of partners of survivors of sexual abuse. Presentation at the Fourth World Congress on Behaviour Therapy, Queensland, Australia .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Although there are estimated to be millions of survivors of child sexual abuse, little has been said about the partners of these survivors and the extreme difficulties which they encounter. Awe believe that these partners are “vicarious” victims of child sexual abuse themselves. As the survivor begins to deal with the issues of his/her own sexual abuse, it catalyses experiences of guilt, shame, rage, feelings of dissociation, fear, sadness, resentment, etc. The victim’s feelings towards the family or origin and the perpetrator is both emotionally draining and reoccupying to the detriment of the current relationship. The partner may be blamed for lack of understanding and caring and, almost certainly, the quality of the sexual relationship changes for the worse. Often, as the victim bombards the partner with disparaging comments and temper tantrums, the partner may begin a process of emotionally distancing. The survivor experiences this distancing as a further injury and the relationship continues a downward spiral.

Keywords: Partners of Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

99. DiGiorgio, K. E., Arnkoff, D. B., Glass, C. R., Lyhus, K. E., & Walter, R. C. (2004, September). EMDR and theoretical orientation: A qualitative study of how therapists integrate eye movement desensitization and reprocessing into their approach to psychotherapy. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 14(3), 227-252. doi:10.1037/1053-0479.14.3.227.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This study examined how 3 therapists from differing theoretical orientations (psychodynamic, humanistic, and cognitive–behavioral) integrate eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) into their work with clients. The consensual qualitative research method was used to analyze interview responses from each of the therapists. All of the therapists deviated from the standard EMDR protocol to some degree, and their decisions to either add to or leave out various aspects of the protocol were greatly influenced by their theoretical orientation. They reported that the integration of EMDR into their usual therapy styles varied depending on their clients. The present study expands on previous psychotherapy integration research because it provides detailed descriptions as to how therapists actually use a specific method with clients. Findings may be particularly useful for researchers and therapists interested in the practice of EMDR, as well as the process of assimilative integration.

Keywords: Assimilative Integration Cognitive Behavior Therapy Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Empirical Study Humanistic Psychotherapy Integrative Psychotherapy Humanistic Therapy Psychodynamic Psychotherapy Psychodynamic Therapy Psychotherapeutic Processes Psychotherapy Integration Qualitative Study Treatment Outcomes

Accuracy Verified: Yes

100. Ricci, R., & Clayton, C. (2011, August). EMDR as an adjunct to cognitive behavioral treatment of sex offenders. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Orange County, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Historically the treatment of male adult sex offenders ignored or purposely avoided developmental adversity or trauma in the history of the offender. Emerging theories in the field of adult sex offender treatment allow room for a trauma informed treatment model including collaborative practice between sex offender treatment providers and EMDR practitioners. A promising mixed-methods study adding EMDR to a standard CBT model with ten adult male child molesters found pre-post improvement in both treatment progress and significant reduction in deviant, idiosyncratic sexual arousal as measured by phallometry. The project’s qualitative analysis provides a guide to developing treatment protocol.

Keywords: CBT Cognitive Behavior Therapy Sex Offenders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

101. de Roos, C., & Went, M. (2012, June). EMDR as trauma treatment for infants (0-4 years) [EMDR como tratamiento para el trauma en niños pequeños (0-‐4 años)]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In our therapeutic EMDR work with deaf and hard of hearing clients, we are forced to strongly focus on the visual world. But focus on visual aspects is not only necessary with this client group! When working with pre-‐verbal trauma, with children or adults who are (not yet) fluent in their native speech or when we use EMDR with clients that use a second language, we will have to use alternatives to spoken languages. When used correctly, visual input can enrich and enable the EMDR process greatly. In this presentation we invite visitors to explore the visual aspects and possibilities of the EMDR process with us. Visitors will feel more adequate in using mimic, visual and imaging techniques with their clients. Video material will enrich our presentation. We will present in English and Dutch sign language. Our interpreter will translate the Dutch sign language in spoken English.

Los infantes (0-‐4 años) pueden ser expuestos a diversos tipos de eventos traumáticos, por ejemplo procedimientos médicos intrusivos, abuso sexual y otras formas de violencia física o emocional, y pueden desarrollar síntomas de estrés post-‐traumático. Por otro lado, no es fácil determinar si están traumatizados desde esa edad, la mayoría de los niños no son capaces de comunicar verbalmente sus experiencias. En la mayoría de los ejemplo, son los padres los que notan un cambio en el comportamiento de su hijo y van en busca de ayuda. Los terapeutas junto con los padres y usando la información disponible del propio niño, desarrollan una hipótesis sobre el origen de los síntomas. Si existen indicios de que los síntomas actuales están relacionados con un evento traumático sin procesar, EMDR es idóneo. El método de Cuenta-‐cuentos de Lovett puede ser usado para este propósito. Se necesita prestar una especial atención a la interacción entre los padres y el niño. Los padres pueden encontrar difícil apoyar a su hijo o reaccionar adecuadamente al comportamiento del niño cuando se sienten ansiosos o culpables de este evento traumático. Este tipo de cuestiones deben ser tomadas en cuenta ya que pueden agravar los síntomas ya existentes en el niño Después de una pequeña introducción teórica, numerosos casos serán mostrados en video. Mostramos como los recuerdos traumáticos sin procesar en infantes pueden ser activados y procesados. En uno de los casos EMDR se combinará con elementos de la terapia orientada a padres. Conceptos sobre el apego y sus efectos en el EMDR serán mostrados.

Keywords: Infants

Accuracy Verified: Yes

102. ten Broeke, A., & de Jongh, A. (1997). EMDR bij debehandeling van Type II psychotrauma: Een casus [EMDR in the treatment of Type II psychotrauma: A case-study]. Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie, 39(3), 249-255.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Deze casus beschrijft de toepassing van EMDR bij de behandeling van ernstige en herhaalde seksueel misbruik. Tijdens een patiënt in de psychiatrische behandeling EMDR werd gebruikt om ongevoelig en "opwerken" de traumatische herinneringen. Zoals blijkt uit eigenbelang van de cliënt-verslag en gestandaardiseerde psychologische vragenlijsten, EMDR was succesvol in het verlichten van diverse ptss-symptomen en daarmee samenhangende klachten. De resultaten werden gehandhaafd op negen maanden follow-up. Zaak verslagen als deze kunnen stimuleren gecontroleerde outcome research over de toepassing van EMDR bij complexe (Type II) vormen van PTSS.

This case history describes the application of EMDR in the treatment of severe and repeated sexual abuse. During an in-patient psychiatric treatment EMDR was used to desensitize and 'reprocess' the traumatic memories. As is evident from the client's selfreport and standardized psychological questionnaires, EMDR was successful in alleviating various PTSD symptoms and associated complaints. The results were maintained at nine months follow-up. Case-reports like these may stimulate controlled outcomeresearch on the applications of EMDR with complex (Type II) forms of PTSD.

Keywords: Case Report Clinical Case Study Empirical Study Females Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Survivors Young Adults

Accuracy Verified: Yes

103. de Roos, C., & Went, M. (2010, April). EMDR bij preverbaal trauma [EMDR for trauma, preverbal]. Presentatie aan de vierde congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Nijmegen, The Nederlands.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Hoe kan je preverbaal trauma verwerken, zodat er ruimte ontstaat voor herstel, inhalen en voortgang van de ontwikkeling?
Ook infants (0-4 jarigen) kunnen allerlei traumatische gebeurtenis(sen) in de eerste levensjaren meemaken zoals intrusieve medische handelingen, seksueel misbruik en andere vormen van mishandeling. Herinneringen aan deze gebeurtenissen zijn preverbaal en niet op bewust nivo toegankelijk. Bij deze jonge kinderen is het dan ook moeilijk te zien in hoeverre er sprake is van traumatisering. Door hun beperkte cognitieve ontwikkeling is verbale communicatie over ingrijpende gebeurtenissen niet of beperkt mogelijk. Soms zie je na enige tijd gedragsveranderingen bij dagelijkse handelingen die eerder geen probleem vormden (verzet bij verschonen, bij tandenpoetsen e.d.). Dit gedrag kan echter ook gekoppeld zijn aan de ontwikkelingsfase. Het diagnostisch beeld wordt duidelijker wanneer gedragsveranderingen (verzet, verdriet maar ook submissie!) zich voordoen bij soortgelijke traumatische ervaringen zoals nieuwe medische behandelingen. De link naar de onverwerkte traumatische gebeurtenis(sen) ligt dan voor de hand. De ouder kan soms uit angst of schuldgevoel over de ingrijpende gebeurtenis(sen) niet goed meer als steunfiguur en opvoeder optreden. Door een klachtbestendigend interactiepatroon kunnen gedragsproblemen van het kind zelfs verergeren. De omgeving gaat denken aan ADHD of ASS... Aan de hand van casuïstiek van infants bij wie sprake is van traumatisering worden de aanpassingen aan het EMDR protocol getoond bij de behandeling van 0 tot 4 jarigen. Pas na de verwerking van de traumatische herinneringen wordt echt duidelijk wat de invloed is geweest op het verloop van de ontwikkeling van het kind, zoals een sociaal emotionele achterstand, vertraagde spelontwikkeling etc. Er komt ruimte voor herstel, inhalen en voortzetten van de ontwikkeling. Zo nodig wordt een EMDR traject voor ouders ingezet om de behandeling af te maken. Vorm In de presentatie worden theorie en praktijk gecombineerd. Videobeelden ondersteunen het verhaal.

How do you handle preverbal trauma, so there room for rehabilitation, catch up and progress of the development? Even infants (0-4 year olds) can all traumatic event(s) in the first years of life experience as intrusive medical procedures, sexual abuse, and other forms of abuse. Preverbal memories of these events, not consciously accessible level. In these young children it is therefore difficult to see how there is trauma. Because of their limited cognitive development, verbal communication on major events is not possible or limited. Sometimes you see after a while behavioral changes in daily operations which were previously not a problem (resistance to changing, with teeth, etc.). This behavior can also be linked to the development. The diagnostic picture becomes clearer when behavioral change (resistance, but also sadness Submission!) arise from similar traumatic experiences such as new medical treatments. The link to the unprocessed traumatic event (s) is then obvious. The parent can sometimes out of fear or guilt about the traumatic event(s) not functioning properly to support action figure and educator. By klachtbestendigend interaction pattern may even worsen the child's behavior. The environment is reminiscent of ADHD or ASD ... Based on case reports of infants with trauma,0 to 4 years old treated with the EMDR protocol show changes only after the processing of traumatic memories is really clear that the impact has been on the course of the development of the child as a social-emotional retardation, slow game development etc. There is room for recovery, overtaking and continued development. If necessary, an EMDR process for parents is used to finish the treatment. Form In the presentation combining theory and practice. Video images support the story.

Keywords: Prevebral Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

104. de Groot, J. (2012, March). EMDR bij seksuologische behandeling. Seksueel misbruik, seksuele disfuncties en seksverslaving [EMDR in sexological treatment. Sexual abuse, sexual dysfunctions, and sex addiction]. Presentatie op de 6e congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Arnhem, Nederland.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In deze workshop wordt aan de hand van diagnostische criteria en theoretische richtlijnen geïllustreerd hoe EMDR toegepast kan worden bij seksuologische behandelingen. Met behulp van diverse casus en video fragmenten zullen praktijkvoorbeelden van de EMDR behandeling van seksuele disfuncties, zoals vaginisme en erectiele disfunctie, verduidelijkt worden. Naast de toepasbaarheid van EMDR bij seksueel misbruik en seksuele disfuncties, zal inzicht geboden worden in de geïntegreerde EMDR behandeling bij seksverslaving. Er zal expliciet worden ingegaan op de toepassing van EMDR op het negatieve zelfbeeld bij seksverslaafden en het daaruit voortvloeiende gedrag, waarbij de seksverslaafde voortdurend, maar tevergeefs, probeert zijn behoeften te bevredigen met seks.

This workshop is based on diagnostic criteria and theoretical guidelines illustrate how EMDR can be applied with sexological treatments. Using various case examples and video clips will of the EMDR treatment of sexual dysfunctions, such as vaginismus and erectile dysfunction, should be clarified. Besides the applicability of EMDR in sexual abuse and sexual dysfunctions, will provide insight into the integrated EMDR treatment for sex addiction. There will explicitly address the use of EMDR on the negative self-image sex addicts and the resulting behavior, in which the sex addict constantly, but vainly, trying to satisfy his needs with sex.

Keywords: Sexual Abuse Sexual Addiction Sexual Dysfunction

Accuracy Verified: Yes

105. O’Dell, K. (2005, April 05). EMDR can fight fears, soften troubling memories. Springfield, MO: Springfield News-Leader, Health, E4.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
Psychologists say Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, or EMDR, appears to help clients thoroughly process old painful events so they "unstick" from the conscious mind and move into resolved memory. Several Springfield-area therapists say they have used EMDR to successfully treat troubled war veterans as well as clients with a host of phobias, eating disorders, a history of sexual abuse, depression and low-self esteem.

Keywords: General Mike Murrell Overview Springfield

Accuracy Verified: Yes

106. Costa, C. S. (2012, Novembro). EMDR como recurso para a elaboração de laudo pericial [EMDR as a resource for the preparation of expert report]. In EMDR e memórias. Apresentação no II Congresso Brasileiro de EMDR, Brasília, Brasil.

Language: Portuguese

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Por meio de relato de caso clínico, objetiva-se mostrar a possibilidade da do uso do EMDR para a elaboração de laudo pericial. O caso foi enviado por uma Casa de Acolhimento Institucional, órgão público vinculado à Delegacia de Defesa da Mulher, de um município da Grande São Paulo, devido à suspeita de abuso sexual da criança pelo genitor, uma vez que outros laudos profissionais, como o psicodiagnóstico de Rorscharch e o exame clínico por perito legista não foram aceitos como conclusivos pelo juiz que autorizou a visita do pai. Diante disso, o Órgão de Proteção à Criança encaminhou o caso para nova avaliação. Após as entrevistas com a criança, que se mostrava bastante resistente às perguntas feitas pela psicóloga, aplicaram-se os seguintes recursos do EMDR: identificação da imagem, crença e emoção (ICE); som bilateral; desenhos e identificação do grau de desconforto (SUDs), que lhe possibilitaram exteriorizar a situação que a incomodava, reforçada nos vários desenhos. Encaminhados os resultados ao Órgão que solicitou a avaliação foram considerados conclusivos em relação ao abuso sofrido pela criança, o que significou seu afastamento do genitor, pelo juiz, e investigação para apurar os fatos visando a proteger a vítima. Isso permite concluir que o EMDR pode ser um instrumento auxiliar para a elaboração de laudo pericial nos casos de estresse pós-traumático, como no abuso sexual de crianças.

Through clinical case, the objective is to show the possibility of the use of EMDR for the preparation of an expert report. The case was sent by a House of Hospitality Institutional, public agency linked to the Women's Police Station, a town in Greater São Paulo, due to suspicion of child sexual abuse by parent, since other reports professionals, as psychodiagnostic of Rorschach and clinical examination by forensic expert were not accepted as conclusive by the judge who authorized the visit of his father. Thus, the Child Protection Authority referred the case for further evaluation. After the interviews with the child, that proved quite resistant to the questions asked by the psychologist, we applied the following features of EMDR: identifying the image, belief and emotion (ICE); sound bilateral; drawings and identify the degree of discomfort (SUDs ), which enabled him to externalize the situation that bothered him, strengthened in various designs. Forwarded the results to the Board requesting the evaluation were considered conclusive regarding the abuse suffered by the child, which meant being away from the parent, the judge, and investigation to ascertain the facts in order to protect the victim. This indicates that EMDR can be an auxiliary tool for the development of expert opinion in cases of post-traumatic stress, such as the sexual abuse of children.

Keywords: Expert Report Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

107. Tonetti, F. (2008, Novembre). EMDR e trauma complesso in adolescente [EMDR and trauma in adolescents complex]. Presentazione Le applicazioni cliniche del EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
N. è stata portata in Italia a 14 anni con l’illusione di lavorare come baby sitter, finisce invece vittima dello sfruttamento sessuale organizzato e per circa un anno subisce violenze sessuali, fisiche e psicologiche. Con forza e coraggio notevoli, riesce a fuggire, nuda, da un’auto dove stava subendo l’ennesima violenza. Ha gravi lesioni sul corpo, viene soccorsa e portata in ospedale, dove decide di denunciare i suoi vittimizzatori. Il caso finisce alla Procura del Tribunale per i Minorenni e N. viene collocata, sotto falso nome, in una comunità. Il mio primo contatto con la ragazza avviene quando ha 16 anni ed è in comunità da cinque mesi. Presenta ancora i sintomi invadenti del PTSD: flashback, incubi, panico, pensieri ossessivi, isolamento, distacco emotivo che a volte la fa apparire molto calma, sovreccitazione. Non sa controllare gli impulsi e regolare le emozioni: passa dalla rabbia, che sfoga picchiando pugni contro il muro fino a ferirsi o spaccando tutto ciò che le capita sotto mano, alla eccitazione, alla depressione con sentimenti di inutilità a vivere, di colpa e di vergogna (sintomi di PTSD Complesso). Propongo e spiego da subito l’EMDR ritenendo che sia l’unico approccio terapeutico utile; stabiliamo piano terapeutico e N. esprime il suo consenso al trattamento. Particolare attenzione, data la problematicità, alla fase di preparazione e stabilizzazione. Nell’anamnesi emerge primo trauma a 10 anni, prima ricorda di essersi sentita amata e protetta. Rafforzo queste esperienze positive che diventano risorse in suo possesso. Fondamentale si rivela la psicoeducazione sui disturbi: N. accoglie con sollievo l’idea che non è “pazza” o “indemoniata” ma solo traumatizzata. Immaginiamo comportamenti alternativi per esprimere le emozioni e strategie di coping. Posto al Sicuro: servono due sedute per stabilizzare e installare il posto al sicuro. Il protocollo EMDR sarà applicato fedelmente nelle sue fasi; i target del passato affrontati in ordine cronologico. N. è sempre partita da 1 nella scala VoC e da 10 nella SUD; ha concluso tutte le sedute con SUD: 0 e VoC: 6 /7. Ha avuto abreazioni e una volta ha chiesto di fermarsi: la NC era”sto per morire”. Sono stati raggiunti, dopo 10 mesi di terapia, gli obiettivi del piano terapeutico: la sintomatologia post-traumatica si è risolta dopo otto sedute.

No was taken to Italy 14 years with the illusion of working as a babysitter, instead ends up a victim of sexual exploitation and organized for about a year suffer sexual violence, physical and psychological. With remarkable courage and strength, manages to escape, naked, from where a car was undergoing yet another violence. He has serious injuries on the body, is rescued and taken to hospital, where he decides to denounce his victimization. The event ends at the General Prosecutor of the Juvenile Court and N. is placed under a false name, in a community. My first contact with the girl when she is 16 years and is shared by five months. Still has the intrusive symptoms of PTSD: flashbacks, nightmares, panic, obsessive thoughts, isolation, emotional detachment that sometimes makes it appear very calm, excitement. Can not control impulses and regulate emotions: anger passes, which unleashed banging his fists against the wall until injury or cracking everything that happens at hand, the excitement, depression with feelings of futility in life, guilt and shame (symptoms of complex PTSD). Propose and explain EMDR now believing it is the only therapeutic approach useful, we establish a treatment plan and N. expresses its consent to treatment. Particular attention, given the problematic, the preparation and stabilization. Nell'anamnesi apparent trauma to the first 10 years, first recalls that she felt loved and protected. Reinforces these positive experiences that become resources in their possession. Reveals the basic psychoeducation about the disorder: No welcomes with relief the idea that is not "mad" or "possessed" but traumatized. Imagine alternative behaviors to express emotions and coping strategies. Safe place: it takes two sessions to stabilize and secure way to install. The EMDR protocol is applied faithfully in its early stages, the targets of the past dealt with in chronological order. No always started from a ladder in VOC and 10 in South, has completed all the sessions with SUD: 0 and VOC: 6 / 7. Abreactions and had once asked to stop: the NC was "I am going to die." Were achieved after 10 months of therapy, the goals of treatment plan: post-traumatic symptoms resolved after eight sessions.

Keywords: Adolescents Complex Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

108. Quilez, R. (2010). EMDR en los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria: revision [EMDR in eating disorders: a review]. Revista de psicoterapia, 20(80. Terapias Psiconeurologicas del Trauma) .

Language: Spanish

Format: Journal

Abstract:
El TCA es un síndrome diagnóstico concreto de origen complejo y afectación multidimensional, cuyo tratamiento debe ser capaz de llegar de la superficie al recoveco. Los profesionales de TCA disponen en el EMDR de un modelo psicológico capaz de dar una respuesta eficaz. Este escrito presenta una revisión bibliográfica de la eficacia del EMDR en TCA así como otros estudios y datos sobre aspectos que pueden darse en el cliente y en el tratamiento de 8 fases. Aparecen datos sobre el deseo de delgadez, el control y la vergüenza, TCC, reacciones defensivas condicionadas, imagen corporal, dificultades de apego, maltrato físico, sexual, negligencia, disociación, descontrol de los impulsos, TCA como anestesia emocional, automutilaciones, necesidad de límites, etiquetas, personaje, figura masculina de apego, familias disfuncionales, etc.

The Disorder of Feeding Behavior is an specific syndrome with a complex origin and multidimensional affectation, which treatment should be able to go beyong the surface. Disorder of Feeding Behavior clinicians have in EMDR a psychological approach able to give an effective response. This article present a bibliographic review about the EMDR efficacy with Disorders of Feeding Behavior as of other studies and dates about different aspects that we can see in the patient and in the use of 8 phases of EMDR. We present dates about thinness wish, shame and control, defensive conditioned reactions, body image, attachment difficulties, physical, sexual mistreatment, neglect, dissociation, impulse uncontrol, emotional anesthesia, self-mutilation, limits need, labels, male attachment figure, disfunctional families,etc.

Keywords: Diet Disorder of Feeding Behavior Dissociation Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

109. Baita, S. (2012, June). EMDR en niños con trastornos disociativos [EMDR in children with dissociative disorders]. Pre-Conference presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Sandra Baita will describe the case of a dissociative girl whose traumatization was a consequence of early exposure to chronic sexual abuse by her father. In this case, Dr. Baita will explain the challenge of working with systems surrounding the child other than the family, for example, the Justice System. She will focus on the paramount importance of the first stage of treatment and the achievement of external security when working with severely traumatized children. Dr. Baita will offer for discussion with the attendees, the development of a treatment plan for this dissociative girl using EMDR during the therapeutic stages of security and stability, working with traumatic memories, and integration.

Sandra Baita expondrá el caso de una niña con un trastorno disociativo en el cual la traumatización ha sido consecuencia de la exposición temprana a abuso sexual por parte del padre. En este caso, la Dra. Baita explicará el desafío que implica trabajar con otros sistemas además del familiar, tales como el sistema de Justicia. Ilustrará además la relevancia que adquiere la primera etapa del tratamiento y el establecimiento de un contexto real de seguridad externa en el tratamiento de niños severamente traumatizados, y mostrará, para su discusión con los asistentes, el desarrollo del tratamiento exhaustivo de esta niña utilizando EMDR a lo largo de las etapas de seguridad y estabilidad, trabajo con las memorias traumáticas e integración.

Keywords: Children Dissociative Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

110. Burzynski, S. (2010, July). EMDR for anger management. Presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The presentation examines a single case study of an indigenous Australian, diagnosed with trauma based borderline personality disorder experiencing peremptory anger. Anger within the PTSD context and ‘survival mode’ of operation are discussed. Treatment incorporated EMDR within a paradigm of Structural Dissociation. A targeted anger laden EP is integrated with the ANP and results discussed. The role of time orientation (presentification) and coconsciousness (personification) in treatment are also examined.

Keywords: Anger Management

Accuracy Verified: Yes

111. Peterson, G. (2002, November). EMDR for women who experience traumatic events. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 63(11), 1047-1048. doi:10.4088/JCP.v63n1116e.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
It is noted that Foa and Street describe other psychotherapy procedures, but do not mention eye movement desensitization and reprocessing #EMDR#. Peterson cites that in Effective Treatments for PTSD: Practice Guidelines from the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies [ISTSS] , 2 psychotherapy treatments for PTSD are listed as having been shown to be effective: exposure therapy and EMDR. SIT is reported to have had 2 well-controlled studies published on the treatment of PTSD. Both SIT studies were with female sexual assault victims. It is concluded that given that EMDR has been established as effective in the ISTSS guidelines, it may be important for the reader to know that this form of therapy may be applied when confronting the issues addressed in this article. A comment by Foa follows. #PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Females Letter Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Reply

Accuracy Verified: Yes

112. Peterson, G. (2002). EMDR for women who experience traumatic events. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 63(11), 1047-1048. Author reply 1048. doi:10.4088/JCP.v63n1116e.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Comments on an article by E. B. Foa and G. P. Street,"Women and Traumatic Events, Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, Vol 62(Suppl 17), 2001. Special issue: Understanding posttraumatic stress disorder, pp. 29-34 regarding psychotherapeutic interventions for women with PTSD. It is noted that Foa and Street describe other psychotherapy procedures, but do not mention eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Peterson cites that in Effective Treatments for PTSD: Practice Guidelines from the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies [ISTSS] , 2 psychotherapy treatments for PTSD are listed as having been shown to be effective: exposure therapy and EMDR. SIT is reported to have had 2 well-controlled studies published on the treatment of PTSD. Both SIT studies were with female sexual assault victims. It is concluded that given that EMDR has been established as effective in the ISTSS guidelines, it may be important for the reader to know that this form of therapy may be applied when confronting the issues addressed in this article. A comment by Foa follows. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Females Letter Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape

Accuracy Verified: Yes

113. Shapiro, F., & Forrest, M. (2002). EMDR in aktion - Die neue kurzeittherapie in der praxis [EMDR: The breakthrough therapy for overcoming anxiety, stress and trauma]. Paderborn, Germany, Junfermann Verlag GmbH & Co.

Language: German

Format: Book

Abstract:
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) ist eine von Francine Shapiro entwickelte innovative klinische Behandlungsmethode für Trauma-Opfer. Aufgrund äußerst positiver neuer Untersuchungsergebnisse ist EMDR mittlerweile die am gründlichsten untersuchte Methode zur Behandlung der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS). Gleichzeitig werden Untersuchungen über die Möglichkeiten der Anwendung von EMDR bei anderen Störungen durchgeführt. EMDR ist eine zeitsparende, umfassende Methode zur Behandlung traumatischer Erfahrungen, die die Ursache vieler Pathologien sind. Als integratives Therapiemodell, das verhaltenspsychologische, kognitive, psychodynamische, körperorientierte und systemische Elemente umfaßt, ermöglicht EMDR, in relativ kurzer Zeit tiefreichende und stabile Resultate zu erzielen. Die EMDR-Behandlungssequenz, die acht Phasen umfaßt und Augenbewegungen sowie andere Methoden der Rechts-Links-Stimulation nutzt, hilft Trauma-Opfern bei der Aufarbeitung beunruhigender Gedanken und Erinnerungen. Dieses umfassende Basiswerk zum Thema EMDR gibt einen Überblick über die Entwicklung und Erforschung der neuen Methode. Zu den vielen Patientengruppen, bei denen mit EMDR gearbeitet werden kann, zählen die Opfer von sexuellem Mißbrauch, von Verbrechen, kämpferischen Auseinandersetzungen, Kriegsfolgen und Phobie-Patienten. Als Einführung in eine neue wichtige Methode im Bereich der Traumabehandlung ist dieses Buch eine unverzichbare Lektüre für alle Kliniker und Forscher, die sich für die Arbeit mit Trauma-Opfern interessieren. Das Lehrbuch zu EMDR, dieser neuen, so überaus erfolgreichen Therapiemethode zur Behandlung von Traumaopfern.

EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is a technology developed by Francine Shapiro innovative clinical treatment for trauma victims. Due to extremely positive new findings EMDR is now the most thoroughly studied method for the treatment of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). At the same tests are carried out on the possibilities of the use of EMDR with other disorders. EMDR is a time-saving, comprehensive method for the treatment of traumatic experiences, which are the cause of many diseases. As an integrative therapy model includes the behavioral, cognitive, psychodynamic, body-oriented and systemic elements, EMDR allows to achieve in a relatively short time, profound and stable results. The EMDR treatment sequence that includes eight stages, and uses eye movements as well as other methods of left-right stimulation helps trauma victims in the processing disturbing thoughts and memories. This comprehensive work based on EMDR provides an overview of the development and exploration of the new method. Among the many groups of patients that can be worked in those with EMDR, including the victims of sexual abuse, crime, fight conflicts, war and phobia patients. As an introduction to an important new method in the field of trauma treatment, this book is a unverzichbare reading for all clinicians and researchers interested in working with trauma victims. The textbook to EMDR, this new, so very successful treatment method for the treatment of trauma victims

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

114. Wieland, S. (2012, June). EMDR in children with dissociative disorders [EMDR en niños con trastornos disociativos]. Pre-Conference presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The effect of early interpersonal trauma on adult clients has been extensively studied and reported. Less attention has been given to the effects of complex trauma on children. Because childhood is the time of most rapid brain development as well as the time when children are dependent on adult caregivers, early physical, sexual, and emotional abuse, including neglect and witnessing domestic violence, has severe effects on infants and children – disorganized attachment, affect and behavioral dysregulation, and dissociation. In this preconference Sandra Wieland will describe how early trauma and neglect affects the infant/child’s brain, autonomic nervous system, and body system. She will explain how dissociation is often used by children to protect themselves from the impact – both emotional and physical – of complex trauma. Given this high level of fragmentation and fright, children are often not able to participate successfully in the standardized EMDR protocol. Dr. Wieland will teach ways in which the EMDR protocol can be adapted in order to access more completely the child’s fragmented internal system. She will use clinical vignettes to describe ways EMDR can assist in each of the three stages of trauma treatment – safety/stabilization, trauma processing, and integration. Maria Elena Aduriz will describe a case of a girl whose traumatization is the direct consequence of a disorganized attachment to a schizophrenic, unstable and suicidal mother. Through this case she will focus on the importance of learning how to articulate EMDR interventions with the child and her adoptive parents.

Los efectos del trauma interpersonal temprano han sido extensamente estudiados y documentados. Sin embargo, se ha prestado menos atención a los efectos del trauma complejo en niños. Debido a la etapa del desarrollo en la que se encuentran y a la dependencia respecto de los adultos, los niños son especialmente vulnerables a la exposición a eventos traumáticos en el seno de los cuidados familiares tales como maltrato físico, emocional y abuso sexual. Las consecuencias postraumáticas incluyen, entre otras, apego desorganizado, desregulación afectiva y conductual, y disociación. En esta preconferencia Sandra Wieland comenzará por describir de qué forma el trauma temprano y la negligencia afectan el desarrollo del cerebro, del sistema nervioso autónomo y del sistema corporal del niño. Explicará de qué manera la disociación suele ser utilizada por el niño como protección contra el impacto –tanto emocional como físico- del trauma complejo. Debido al miedo y al alto nivel de fragmentación que presentan estos niños el protocolo EMDR estándar no puede ser utilizado de manera eficaz. La Dra. Wieland enseñará cómo el protocolo EMDR puede ser adaptado para poder acceder de manera más completa al mundo interno fragmentado del niño. Describirá con viñetas clínicas de qué forma EMDR puede

Keywords: Developmental Trauma Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

115. Woller, W. (2003). EMDR in der psychotherapie von persönlichkeitsstörungen [EMDR in the treatment of personality disorders]. Zeitschrift für Psychotraumatologie und Psychologische Medizin (ZPPM), 1(3), 17-24.

Language: German

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Behandlung psychotraumatischer belastungsstörungen mit EMDR
Die Arbeit stellt dar, (1) welche Modifikationen oder Einschränkungen sich für die Behandlung Posttraumatischer Belastungsstörungen mit EMDR durch die Präsenz komorbider Persönlichkeitsstörungen ergeben und (2) welche Möglichkeiten EMDR darüber hinaus für die Behandlung von Persönlichkeitsstörungen ohne die Symptomatik einer PTBS bieten kann. Beim Vorliegen einer Persönlichkeitsstörung muss EMDR in einen Gesamtbehandlungsplan integriert werden, der neben umfassender Stabilisierung, Symptomkontrolle und Ressourcenaktivierung die Modifikation verzerrter interpersoneller Wahrnehmungsmuster und maladaptiver Interaktionsmuster umfasst. Probleme der therapeutischen Arbeitsbeziehung können die Stabilisierungsphase schwierig und zeitaufwändig gestalten. Die EMDR-Technik muss entsprechend dem Typ der Persönlichkeitsstörung, der Abwehrstruktur und der symptomatischen Komorbidität modifiziert werden. Zusätzlich zur Behandlung von Traumatisierungen kann EMDR zur Bewältigung aktueller und künftiger Stressoren und zur Ressourcenstärkung eingesetzt werden.

EMDR has been shown to be an effective treatment method in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). There is a marked comorbidity between PTSD and personality disorders, some of which have been found to be long-term sequelae of cumulative childhood physical and sexual traumatization. Personality disorders are also included in the concepts of "complex PTSD" and "DESNOS". The paper discusses (1) modifications and limitations of EMDR technique required for treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder with comorbid personality disorders, and (2) further applications of EMDR in the treatment of personality disorders without PTSD. If comorbid personality disorder is present, EMDR has to be integrated into a complex treatment plan which includes stabilization, symptom control, resource installation, identification of distorted interpersonal perceptions, and modification of maladaptive interpersonal interactions. Because of the central role of generalized negative beliefs in maintaining cyclical maladaptive patterns, EMDR is regarded a valuable tool to modify negative beliefs along with processing traumatic memories and body sensations. Problems of therapeutic alliance due to transference phenomena and acting-out can make stabilization difficult and time-consuming. EMDR technique should be subjected to important modifications depending on personality disorder subtype, defence structure and symptomatic comorbidity. Structural dissociations of the personality (e.g. as in dissociative identity disorder) call for a consideration of all ego-states of the personality system before planning EMDR treatment. In addition to unresolved trauma, current and future interpersonal stressors can be chosen as EMDR targets.

Keywords: Personality Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

116. Parnell, L. A. (2003, September). EMDR in the treatment of adults abused as children. Preconference presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR therapists need specific and advanced understanding of the EMDR method as well as additional skills to complete treatment successfully. In this workshop the overall course of treatment with EMDR is briefly outlined but specific areas are focused on in more detail. These areas include: 1) the development and installation of resources; 2) strategic target development including the bridging technqiue; 3) modification of the standard EMDR procedural steps, 4) techniques for unblocking blocked processing including advanced interweave strategies; and 5) technqiues for closing incomplete sessions.

Keywords: Adults Children Bridging Technique Incomplete Sessions Interweave Strategies Resource Development Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

117. Parnell, L. A. (2002, June). EMDR in the treatment of adults abused as children. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Diego, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR therapists need specific and advanced understanding of the EMDR method, as well as additional skills, to complete treatment successfully. In this workshop the overall course of treatment with EMDR is briefly outlined, but specific areas are focused on in more detail. These areas include 1) the development and installation of resources; 2) strategic target development, including the bridging technique; 3) modifications of thc standard EMDR procedural steps; 4) techniques for unblocking blocked processing including advanced interweave strategies; and 5) techniques for closing incomplete sessions.

Keywords: Adults Blocked Processing Bridging Children Incomplete Sessions Resource Installation Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

118. Romero, M. B. (2010, 29-1 Octubre/Noviembre). EMDR integracion con la terapia sexual [EMDR integration with sex therapy]. Conferència presentada II Congreso Iberoamericano de EMDR y Psicotrauma, Quito, Ecuador.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Keywords: Sex Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

119. Moore, R. (2001). EMDR offers hope – an effective treatment for trauma. Massachusetts Office for Victim Assistance, Victim Impact, 2(1), 5.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a procedure that is increasingly used in psychotherapy to help victims reduce the impact of negative experiences from the past that intrude on present day life. Often these negative life experiences involve a trauma such as sexual assault, abuse, a car crash, or the murder of a loved one.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

120. Laizeau, M., Nousse, A., & Chakroun, N. (2008, June). EMDR optimism protocol: A pilot study on athletes. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Peterson and Seligman (1984) developed a theory based on the psychological characteristic of optimism. They discovered that a more pessimistic explanatory style is correlated with a deeper depression. The most optimistic explanatory style for a bad event is external, specific and temporary. For a good event the explanatory style is reverse. The pessimistic explanatory style evaluates the causes of bad and good events in the opposite way. Seligman and al (1990) administrated the Attribution Style Questionnaire (ASQ) to swimmers. After negative feedback, optimistic swimmers swim significantly faster compared to pessimistic swimmers. Goldwurm and al. 23 (2006) showed the efficacy of an optimism training proposed by Seligman. Andrew Leeds worked in 1997 on a new protocol known as Resource Development and Installation (RDI). This protocol has been reported to be useful in ego strengthening and stabilization. RDI protocol comes from EMDR that has been extensively researched and proven effective for the treatment of trauma even on athletes (Graham, 2004). An expansion of the basic EMDR protocol, called “EMDR Peak Performance protocol” has been developed by Lendl & Foster (1997) for enhancing performance in the workplace, to aid in the reduction of performance anxiety experienced by creative and performing artists, and for competition preparation and psychological recovery from injury in athletes. This orientation leads us to go on with a nonpathologizing view developing optimistic client’s potential with the elaboration of this new protocol that we call: the EMDR optimism protocol (Laizeau and Nousse 2008). It has been developed on the basis of a study lead on rugbymen and swimmers. The aim of our study was to show that this EMDR optimism protocol can easily improve athletic performance.

Keywords: Optimism Protocol

Accuracy Verified: Yes

121. Montes-Berges, B., Aranda, M., Castillo-Mayén, M. del R. (2011). EMDR Para el tratamiento de estrés postraumático en casos de violencia de género [EMDR for treatment of PTSD in cases of domestic violence]. Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Introducción: La violencia de género es uno de los problemas sociales más graves de nuestra sociedad tanto por su prevalencia (en el pasado año 2010 fueron asesinadas 74 mujeres, y se estima que alrededor del 11.1% de las mujeres andaluzas son maltratadas), como por las consecuencias psicológicas que conlleva en las víctimas. Objetivos: En el Gabinete de Psicología de la Universidad de Jaén, atendemos a las mujeres (alumnas, PAS o PDI o familiares de éstos) que han sido o aún son víctimas de violencia de género, con el objetivo prioritario de que superen las situaciones traumáticas y que estén preparadas emocional y cognitivamente para llevar una vida plena con el desarrollo máximo de sus capacidades. Durante la evaluación, entre otras escalas, las usuarias contestan al cuestionario sobre Síndrome de Estrés Postraumático (Echeburúa, Corral, Amor, Zubizarreta y Sarasúa, 1997), pues los episodios de violencia psicológica, sexual y física extrema que la mayoría de ellas viven, ocasionan en el 100% de los casos este síndrome de manera crónica y acusada. Metodología: Para tratar este síndrome se acomete el entrenamiento en técnicas de respiración y relajación y posteriormente el tratamiento con EMDR. Esta técnica consiste en el procesamiento de los sucesos que quedaron bloqueados por el miedo sentido en el momento en que ocurrieron, mediante la movilización de los ojos de manera simultánea a la escucha del episodio, tratando nuevamente de revivirlo. Aplicamos esta técnica con 5 pacientes. Resultados: En todos los casos las usuarias superaban la situación en 4 o 5 sesiones de 5 minutos cada una, de manera que posteriormente, informaron de que la situación ya no les producía tristeza ni dolor, y que la habían aceptado. Discusión: Estos resultados sugieren que esta técnica es eficaz y rápida en la intervención de sucesos traumáticos de violencia de género, por lo que resulta altamente recomendable para estos casos.

Introduction: Gender violence is one of the most serious social problems our society because of its prevalence (in the past year 2010 were killed 74 women, and it is estimated that about 11.1% of women are battered Andalusian), as for the psychological consequences on the victims involved. Objectives: In the Cabinet of Psychology, University of Jaén, we look at women (students, PAS or PDI or their relatives) who have been or still are victims of domestic violence, with priority objective of exceeding trauma and who are prepared emotionally and cognitively to lead a full life with the maximum development of their capabilities. During the assessment, including scales, users answer the questionnaire on PTSD (Echeburúa, Corral, Love, Zubizarreta and Sarasua, 1997), because episodes of psychological, physical and sexual extreme than most living, result in 100% of cases this syndrome chronically and charged. Methodology: To treat this syndrome is undertaken the training in breathing and relaxation techniques and subsequent treatment with EMDR. This technique consists in processing events that were blocked sense of fear at the time they occurred, by mobilizing the eyes simultaneously listening to the episode, trying to revive him again. We apply this technique in 5 patients. Results: In all cases the user exceeded the 4 or 5 position in 5-minute sessions each, so that subsequently reported that the situation no longer produce sadness or pain, and that the had accepted. Discussion: These results suggest that this technique is effective and fast intervention in the traumatic events of violence, so it is highly recommended for these cases.

Keywords: Domestic Violence Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

122. Pillai-Friedman, S. (2009). EMDR protocol for treating sexual dysfunction. In M. Luber (Ed.), Eye movement desensitization (EMDR) scripted protocols: Special populations (pp. 151-166). New York: Springer Publishing Co.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Keywords: Protocol Sexual Dysfunction

Accuracy Verified: Yes

123. Marquis, J., Nixon, S., & Greenwald, R. (1999, June). EMDR reduction of sexual and aggressive urges. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR International Association, Las Vegas, NV.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participant will: 1) become familiar with theoretical models of urge reduction that have proved effective; 2) learn how to use their skills in EMDR to implement these models; 3) learn other ways of employing EMDR with perpetrators; and 4) be able to disucss ideas for research in this much neglected area.

Keywords: Aggression Perpetrators Sexual Aggression Symptom Reduction Urge Reduction

Accuracy Verified: Yes

124. Dunne, T. (2011, March). EMDR therapists integrating EMDR into their clinical practice. Presentation at the 9th annual Conference of the EMDR UK & Ireland, Bristol.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This research project investigated how EMDR Therapists integrated EMDR into their clinical practice post-training and what, if any, difficulties they experienced. A total of 74 respondents completed a questionnaire and 9 respondents were interviewed using a semi-structured interview, giving a total of 83 respondents. 40% of both samples (which came from around the world) reported experiencing difficulties with integrating EMDR into their clinical practice. The types of difficulties which they reported included differences between EMDR protocol and the therapists’ original training and orientation, patient characteristics, therapists’ own anxieties and confidence as well as organizational and management hostility to EMDR up to and including bullying of the therapist in different ways including “being sent to Coventry”. These organization & management issues are not covered in the current training model for EMDR and whilst supervision is necessary post training, it is not be sufficient to address the organizational issues relating to integration of EMDR into clinical practice. This will be highlighted in the presentation.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

125. Shapiro, F. (2011, August). EMDR therapy update: Theory, research and practice. Plenary presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Orange County, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR therapy directly addresses the physiologically stored memory networks that underlie both psychological problems and mental health. This adaptive information processing orientation to both case conceptualization and clinical application will be explored in relation to diverse populations. The latest research evaluating both treatment outcomes and underlying mechanisms will be addressed. In addition, clinical cases and questions collected from participants will be used to illustrate the ways in which EMDR can be applied.

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP Practice Research Theory Update

Accuracy Verified: Yes

126. Shapiro, F. (2012, October). EMDR therapy update: Theory, research and practice. Plenary presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Arlington, VA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Plenary Practice Research Theory Update

Accuracy Verified: Yes

127. Knipe, J. (2008, June). EMDR toolbox. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
It is clear from over 17 published studies that the EMDR method is highly effective in assisting clients in resolving PTSD (Maxfield and Hyer, 2002). However, most clients who enter therapy do not have a simple problem of a single disturbing memory, but a complex history. Typically, clients come to therapy with a mixed presentation, of not only emotional disturbance, but also mental structures and actions which function to soothe, contain, avoid or dissociate from emotional disturbance. Thus, the initial presentation of most clients is complex and often ambivalent. In this workshop, examples will illustrate Adaptive Information Processing methods of targeting and resolving psychological defenses, such as avoidance, ambivalence, and idealization. Also, the BHS/CIPOS (Back-of-the-Head Scale/Constant Installation of Present Orientation and Safety) method will be described. This method is a set of procedures that can be used during the EMDR Desensitization Phase to therapeutically reverse dissociative processes while preserving emotional safety. Video segments from therapy sessions will be shown to illustrate each of these methods.

Keywords: Back-of-the-Head Scale BHS CIPOS Contant Installation of Present Orientation and Safety Psycholgical Defenses Targeting

Accuracy Verified: Yes

128. Knipe, J. (2012, October). EMDR toolbox: Methods of extending EMDR to traumatized clients with significant vulnerability to dissociative abreaction and/or psychological defenses. Presentation at the 29th annual meeting of the International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation, Long Beach, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Abstract:The focus of this workshop will be to describe a theoretical framework, and specific EMDR-related therapy tools which may be useful during Janets Phase 2, the Phase of trauma processing, for multiply-traumatized clients with Complex PTSD. Points of similarity and difference will be described between the EMDR Adaptive Information Processing Model, and two other models of dissociation treatment: the Theory of Structural Dissociation of the Personality and the Internal Family Systems model. EMDR variations will be described which increase emotional safety, and thereby extend the use of EMDR to clients who might otherwise be vulnerable to the intrusion of overwhelming post-traumatic memory material. Through transcript and video examples, the Loving Eyes method (for safely accessing a traumatized Part), the Back-of-the-Head Scale (for measuring the degree of dissociative experience, moment-to-moment, in a therapy session), and the method of Constant Installation of Present Orientation and Safety (for maintaining emotional safety during the processing of a traumatic memory) will be presented. In addition, the structure and treatment of psychological defenses will be conceptualized within the Adaptive Information Processing Model.

Learning Objectives: 1. Describe the Loving Eyes method of developing a co-consciousness between an adult Part and a traumatized child Part. 2. Describe the clinical situations in which the use of the Back-of-the-Head Scale and the method of Constant Installation of Present Orientation and Safety would be likely to be helpful to a traumatized client. 3. Describe how psychological defense may be conceptualized within the Adaptive Information Processing model, and how defenses may be safely released, so that underlying post-traumatic material may be processed.

Keywords: Dissociative Abreaction Psychological Defenses Toolbox

Accuracy Verified: Yes

129. Knipe, J. (2006, June). EMDR toolbox: Video examples of methods of targeting avoidance, procrastination, affect dysregulation, the pain of being "dumped" by a lover, and a shame-based ego state in a client with a identity disorder. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Istanbul, Turkey.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Back-of-the-Head Scale BHS CIPOS Contant Installation of Present Orientation and Safety Psycholgical Defenses Targeting

Accuracy Verified: Yes

130. Gould, E. (1994, March). EMDR treatment of adult survivors of sexual abuse. Presentation at the 14th annual meeting of the Anxiety Disorders Association of America, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: No

131. Holmshaw, M. (2009, March). EMDR treatment of four cases of long term heterosexual unconsummated relationships: Efficacy of trauma-based, adaptive psychological approach. Symposium conducted at the 7th annual Conference of the EMDR UK & Ireland Association, Manchester, UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Four women between the ages of 29 and 35 presented with distress and relationship problems due to their perceived inability to sexually consummate their marriages. On average they had been married for 48 months and in all four cases presented with considerable distress as they perceived themselves as failures fearing that they would not be able to have children. Despite varied past histories, this small cohort all had either sexual abuse histories (one case) or unusual fantasies about sexual penetration and their own and their partners’ sexual organs. This presentation illustrates the helpfulness of history taking and case conceptualisation with specific emphasis on sexual and developmental history, the role of the “normal” male partner and the use of the touchstone memory in obtaining initial targets for processing The four women are compared to establish individual variables which determined sessions numbers and successful treatment outcome. (Session numbers varied between 6 and 35, with three subjects needing fewer than 10 sessions). Suggestions for the use of a similar approach to treat sexual performance anxiety are put forward

Keywords: Heterosexual Unconsummated Relationships Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

132. Holmshaw, M. (2001, May). EMDR treatment of sexual dysfunction. Presentation at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, London, UK .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The prevalence of sexual dysfunction in women within primary care settings is often estimated to be as high as 42% with vaginismus, pain with intercourse, anorgasmia and lack of sexual desire being most commonly reported. Additionally, major clinical complaints among women often centre on their dissatisfaction with such non-genital behaviours as affection, communication, and non-genital touching, as well as issues of attraction and passion. Despite this high prevalence of sexual disorders, and the use of psychotherapy and sexual therapy in treatment the problems women experience,this is a frequently neglected area of both research and development of new treatment tdchniques. In fact, referring to vaginismus, some authors conclude the basic strategies and methods for assessing and treating vaginismus were proposed by the early 20th Century and have not essentially changed. This paper discusses an alternative approach to treatment vaginismus and "sexual phobia" in women. By way of case study material, the use of EMDR in combination with sensate focus techniques with partner involvement, is discussed. In a significant number of cases, past trauma and severe body image disturbances were detected. EMDR was successful not only in resolving such trauma, but also in correcting distorted body image and enabling imaginary exposure to appropriate sexual behaviour.

Keywords: Sexual Dysfunction

Accuracy Verified: Yes

133. Haour, F., Meignant, I., & De Beaurepaire, C. (2012, June). EMDR treatment of sexual traumas in a child offender [Tratamiento EMDR de traumas sexuales en un pedófilo]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Child offenders have been abused 3 to 6 time more than controls during childhood and these figures are probably grossly underestimated. Most of them exhibit all or many symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorders (PTSD) in association with anxiety-‐depression-‐addiction. TCC treatments are useful but with limited efficacy (Brooks-‐ Gordon B et al, Journal of forensic Psychiatry and Pathology, 2006; 17:442-‐466). The treatment by the EMDR approach of the traumatic memories should be beneficial to these patients. Previous work (Ricci RJ et al, Journal of forensic Psychiatry and Pathology, 2006; 17:538-‐562) has provided preliminary results in child molesters. Clinical Case: A 40 years old male convicted and jailed for sexual abuse (pedophilia) at 33 years of age. He lives with a wife and a son (9 year old) and has a regular job. His medications are: antipsychotic, antidepressor, antiepileptic, anxiolytic and anti androgens. He sees regularly a psychologist but is submitted to anxious attacks and pedophilic desires. He usually needs to be hospitalized several weeks twice a year. Following assessment and psychological evaluation (DSM IV, PCLS, SOS, BECK 21, DES) and case conceptualisation, the traumatic events were desensitized and reprocessed through EMDR treatment: rape and sexual abuse by an older brother from 5 to 12, familial humiliations, rape under threat, at 11 year of age by an adult, accusation by a 13 years old partner at 33 years of age, prison, trial, etc. The themes of the first 8 EMDR sessions (first 3 months) were: helplessness/control, danger/ security, and will be exposed in details. The changes in the patient appreciation of himself and his symptoms were followed during this period. A sharp decline in the anxiety scores (Beck 21) and a rapid increase in the SOS (Schwartz outcome scale: quality of life) were observed. At the same time the pedophilic desires were disappearing. This allowed the psychiatrist to reduce the antiandrogenic treatments as well as antipsychotic, antiepileptic and antidepressor. Nine month after the beginning of therapy the patient was without antiandrogens. The SOS scores remained high but episodes of anxiety and depression were still present (9 to 12 months after beginning of EMDR treatment). In conclusion, desensitization of traumatic memories lied to a dramatic improvement of anxiety and changes in sexual desire in a man convicted for pedophilia.

Los abusadores sexuales han sido, durante la infancia, víctimas de abusos sexuales de 3 a 6 veces más que los controles y estos datos están lejos de aproximarse a un dato real. Muchos de ellos exhiben todos o muchos, síntomas del Trastorno de Estrés Post-‐traumático (TEPT) en asociación con ansiedad, depresión o adicciones. Los tratamiento TCC son útiles pero de limitada eficacia. (Brooks-‐ Gordon B et al, Journal of forensic Psychiatry and Pathology, 2006; 17:442-‐466). El tratamiento a través de EMDR de los recuerdos traumáticos debería ser beneficioso para el paciente. En trabajos previos (Ricci RJ et al, Journal of forensic Psychiatry and Pathology, 2006; 17:538-‐562) han mostrado resultados preliminares en pedófilos. Caso Clínico: Un convicto varón, 40 años, entró en la cárcel por abusos sexuales (Pedofilia) a la edad de 33 años. Vive con su mujer y su hijo (9 años de edad) y posee un trabajo estable. Su tratamiento farmacológico es: Antipsicóticos, antidepresivos, antiepilépticos, ansiolíticos y anti-‐andrógenos. Muestra un patrón psicológico regular pero está supeditado a ataques de ansiedad y deseos pedófilos. Normalmente necesita ser hospitalizado durante varias semanas 2 veces al año. Siguiendo las tareas y la evaluación psicológica (DSM IV, PCLS, SOS, BECK 21, DES), conceptualización del caso, los eventos traumáticos donde se ha aplicado el tratamiento EMDR: Violación y abuso sexual por su hermano mayor desde los 5 hasta los 12 años, humillaciones familiares, violación bajo amenaza por un adulto a la edad de 11 años., acusación por un niño de 13 años, ingreso en prisión, juicio… Las temáticas en las primeras 8 sesiones de EMDR (los primeros 3 meses) fueron: Desesperanza/Control, peligro/ Seguridad, y serán expuestas en detalle. Se hizo un seguimiento de los cambios apreciados por el paciente y sus síntomas. Una fuerte bajada de las puntuaciones en ansiedad (Beck21) y un rápido aumento de la SOS (Schwartz outcome scale: quality of life) fueron observadas. Al mismo tiempo que los deseos pedófilos iban desapareciendo. Esto permitía al psiquiatra reducir los tratamiento antiandrogénicos, antiepilépticos, antidepresores y antipsicóticos. Nueve meses más tarde del comienzo del tratamiento el paciente abandonó los antiandrógenos. Las puntaciones del SOS seguían altas pero los episodios de ansiedad y depresión seguían presentes (de 9 a 12 meses después del tratamiento EMDR) En conclusión, desensibilizar recuerdos dramáticos ligados a una espectacular mejora de la ansiedad y cambios en el deseo sexual del convicto por pedofilia.

Keywords: Child Offenders Sexual Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

134. Farrell, D. (2013, June). EMDR treatment plan and survivors of child sexual abuse by clergy. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Geneva, Switzerland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The issue of sexual abuse by clergy is not a new phenomenon of concern. Sipe (1995, pg 10) states that in spite of all the good done by clergy for both children and adults there is an ancient awareness of the danger of and potential for their corruption. This workshop will consider some of the essential aspects of survivor’s experiences of sexual abuse perpetrated by clergy or religious from a psycho-traumatology perspective. It will explore the implications for using EMDR with this client group. The primary focus of the workshop will be upon the EMDR phases of: History taking (Case Conceptualisation), Preparation Phase, Implications for desensitisation and reprocessing and the wider implications for EMDR clinical practice.
Learning Objectives: Consider the diagnostic and case conceptual frameworks relating to this specific client group informed by the Adaptive Information Processing model; Outline key aspects relating to phase 2 preparation and resource building; and Explore some of the implications for desensitization and reprocessing in relation to working with survivors of sexual abuse perpetrated by clergy.

Keywords: Children Clergy Abuse Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

135. Ichii, M. (2002, June). EMDR treatment process of two adult survivors of sexual trauma: What does external ear canal temperature suggest?. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Diego, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Adult Survivors Sexual Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

136. Lilienfeld, S. O. (2011, April). EMDR Treatment: Less Than Meets the Eye? - Update. Quackwatch. Retrieved from http://www.quackwatch.org/01QuackeryRelatedTopics/emdr.html 0n November 3, 2011..

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
The most reasonabIe conclusion to be drawn from the extant literature is that EMDR is no more effective than standard treatments that rely on exposure to anxiety-provoking stimuli and is almost certainly effective because it happens to incorporate such exposure. In the words of Harvard psychologist Richard McNally, "What is effective in EMDR is not new, and what is new is not effective." Importantly, controlled data do not support the use of EMDR for anxiety disorders other than PTSD (e.g., phobias, obsessive-compulsive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder), mood disorders, sexual disorders, eating disorders, or psychotic disorders, although it is commonly used to treat the symptoms of these and other conditions. (Excerpt)

Keywords: Skepticism

Accuracy Verified: Yes

137. Bambach, S. (1994). EMDR und aktive zukunftsorientierung in der therapie von komplex traumatisierten menschen [EMDR and active future orientation in the treatment of complex trauma human]. Author.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
Die Ausbildung in EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) führte mich über längere Zeit zu einer intensiven Auseinandersetzung über die Vereinbarkeit von EMDR mit meiner bisherigen traumatherapeutischen Arbeit. Diese war und ist stark geprägt durch die lösungs- und ressourcenorientierte Therapie, wie ich sie von Steve de Shazer, Insoo Kim Berg, Yvonne Dolan und später in anderer Form von Gunther Schmidt erlernt habe. Zentrale Elemente der Arbeit mit traumatisierten Menschen nach lösungsorientierten Konzepten sind u. a. die aktive Unterstützung der Klienten1 bei der Entwicklung einer positiven Zukunftsvision, bei der Identifikation der individuellen Kriterien für Therapieerfolg und der kleinstmöglichen, aktiv zu unternehmenden Schritte in diese Richtung. Diese konsequent ressourcen- und lösungsorientierte Arbeitsweise schien im Widerspruch zur Traumafokussierung als zentralem Moment von EMDR zu stehen.

The training in EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) took me a long time to an intense debate about the compatibility of my recent trauma with EMDR therapy work. This was and is strongly influenced by the solution-and resource-oriented therapy, as I have of Steve de Shazer, Insoo Kim Berg, Yvonne Dolan and I have learned later in another way, by Gunther Schmidt. Key elements of the work with traumatized people after solution-oriented concepts, including the active support of Klienten1 in developing a positive vision for the future, in the identification of the individual criteria for treatment success and the smallest, active steps to be taken in this direction. This resource consistently and solution-oriented approach seemed to contradict the trauma as the central focus of EMDR are at the moment.

Keywords: Complex Trauma Future Orientation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

138. Zobel, M. (2010, June). EMDR with alcohol addicted patients with comorbid PTSD in a treatment facility for alcoholism - experiences, outcome, perspectives. In Addictions. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Patients with alcohol addiction often report sexual abuse and neglect in childhood and/or other traumatic events during lifetime. In addiction treatment facilities symptoms of PTSD are frequently not treated, because there is no sufficient method. which could be completed within the addiction treatment period? The lecture will inform about an ongoing scientific project dealing with the question, if EMDR is an intervention, which is equal or superior to common multimodal stabilizing interventions. The project is supported by the Deutsche Rentenversicherung Bund. Patients with alcohol addiction and comorbid PTSD are divided into two groups: EMDR or multimodal therapy including stabilizing methods. Prevalence of PTSD-symptoms is measured before and after intervention and one year after treatment. Up to date nearly 90 Patients with alcohol addiction and PTSD have been treated. Data indicate, that both trauma treatments are effective but that EMDR leads to a significant larger decrease in trauma symptoms. The results of the one year after treatment evaluation are presented and discussed. Educational objectives: Addiction therapy in a treatment facility can be effectively combined with trauma therapy. EMDR is an effective method in the treatment of patients with alcohol addiction and comorbid PTSD. Most patients with alcohol addiction and PTSD show multiple trauma and need a prolonged period of treatment. What's new? There are only few studies in Germany, which have investigated the effects of EMDR in a sample of alcohol addicted patients. The presented study includes a follow up evaluation one year after treatment (currently in progress), which rarely is the case in research on EMDR-effectiveness.

Keywords: Alcoholism Treatment Comorbid Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Comorbid PTSD Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

139. Shapiro, R. (2005). EMDR with cultural and generational introjects . In R. Shapiro (Ed.), EMDR solutions: Pathways to healing, (pp. 228-240). New York: W W Norton & Co. xi, 360 pp.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
No abstract available.

Keywords: Attitude Change Class Expectations Cultural Expectations Cultural Introjects Destructive Beliefs Emotional Trauma Generational Introjects Introjection Racial and Ethnic Attitudes Racism Sexual Attitudes Sexism Social Class Trauma Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

140. Farrell, D. (2011, March). EMDR with survivors of clergy sexual abuse. Symposium conducted at the 9th annual Conference of the EMDR UK & Ireland, Bristol.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This presentation reviews research which investigated the idiosyncratic effects of sexual abuse perpetrated by Roman Catholic Priests and makes related treatment recommendations. The research determined that this distinct form of sexual trauma generated unique posttraumatic symptoms not accounted for within the existing Posttraumatic Stress Disorder conceptual frameworks. These included significant anxiety and distress in areas such as theological belief, crisis of faith, and fears surrounding the participant’s own mortality. This presentation makes recommendations about EMDR treatment with clergy abuse survivors, based on these research findings utilising survivors stories to illustrate case formulation and the utilisation of process and content cognitive interweaves in addressing episodes of blocked processing.

Keywords: Clergy Abuse Sexual Abuse Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

141. Friberg, M. (2004, June). EMDR with two adolescents suffering from dissociative symptoms after sexual abuse: both with considerable weight-loss during treatment. In children and EMDR (R. Oras, Chair). Symposium conducted at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, Stockholm, Sweden .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Clinical case-presentation of EMDR-treatment of a boy and a girl, sixteen and eighteen years of age respectively, both with a history of different dissociative symptoms. Both were sexually abuse and both had a considerable weight-loss during EMDR-treatment. Symptoms prior to my contact with the body was pseudo-epileptic fits with shaking, cramps, eyes turning “inside out” and sometimes turning quite blue. After he could be spoken to, he could drink and seemed oriented in time and space, but later had total amnesia of the dissociative episode that could last for several hours. He also had pain in one leg and got the diagnosis “Sympatic Dystrophia” and “Complex Regional Pain Syndrome.” Memory of the sexual abuse was completely hidden behind a screen memory of being abuse physically by a schoolmate until very late in EMDR-treatment. The girl had family relations problems, eating disturbance, suicidal behavior and intense sways in temper and server conflicts with her mother. The sexual abuse by a relative was known and the dissociation was not diagnosed before screening with DES>
Both had different kinds of somatic and/or psychological long treatment, with little success, before entering EMDR-treatment. Both had an EMDR-treatment period of almost one-year and both were given the Putnam DES-scale before, during, and eight months after treatment.
In both cases, there was decline from very high Putnam DES scores to normal. At the eight month follow-up, the boy’s results persisted and weight was regained. The girl us just about to end treatment so there are no follow-up results. However, her weight is back to normal.
Is weight loss during EMDR-treatment noticed by other EMDR-therapists?

Keywords: Children Dissociation Sexual Abuse Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

142. Cooper, A. (1995, June). EMDR with victims of trauma: Protecting your client, protecting yourself. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR is an innovative and rapidly expanding new, treatment technique. Therapists are provided with two weekends of intensive training and encouraged to obtain supervision and be active in peer consultation groups and networks, and work to refine their skills. It is uncertain what percentage follow through in this regard. Estimates of the numbers of people who are victims of sexual trauma in our society are staggering (one in 3 girls, one in seven boys). Research finds that approximately half the people who present for psychotherapy have some sexual trauma in their history. EMDR has been hailed as an important new technique in facilitating the treatment of those who have been sexually traumatized. With correct usage, EMDR can greatly facilitate the treatment. At the same time, sexual trauma is a complex and volatile issue and awkward, poorly timed, or overly simplistic usage of EMDR could potentially lead to adverse consequences for the patient and treatment. As with any therapeutic technique or paradigm it can only be as helpful as that of the overall treatment. In addition the mere usage of EMDR will have an impact on the therapy, as well as the therapeutic container, and therapists need to be cognizant of what that impact will be as well as to be sure that they know how to incorporate the patient reactions into the treatment in a positive way and not allow them to undermine, or otherwise detrimentally effect both patient and therapist primary therapy goals. Particularly in these times of increased litigation, malpractice suits, and professional grievances against therapists those professionals utilizing EMDR would be wise to be aware of the particular risks inherent in the patient population in which they work, as well as the inherent vulnerability of utilizing a newly developed technique. In treating sexual trauma many experts agree that the crucible of the therapeutic container- is whether the healing will occur if the therapist sucessfully deals with the challenges the patient will offer lip. Again how those utilizing EMDR negotiates those challenges may be he difference between a successful course of therapy and a disaster. Finally, working with sexual trauma is an emotionally, intellectually, and sometimes physically demanding undertaking. Many therapists do not fully realize or acknowledge the toll that this type of work exacts and may be blind to the countertransferentia1 responses which arise and how they are communicated to the patient. In this workshop we will first reveal, some of the current thinking on the primary treatment issues (and obstacles) in therapy with victims of sexual trauma. We will then examine how and when is the most propitious time to use EMDR with this population and what reactions patients are likely to have to this type of intervention. Specific ways that EMDR and its implementation may activate certain issues in sexual trauma victims be elucidated as well as strategies for addressing those issues. Finally participants will engage in a series of experiential exercises designed to heighten their awareness of their own personal reactions and feelings (i.e., countertransference) to working with the intensity of sexual trauma. Once again these potential reactions will be linked to more or less effective usage of EMDR.

Keywords: Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

143. Herbert, C. (2011, June). EMDR – Practical applications and different treatment protocols for different needs. Presentation at the 7th International Congress of Cognitive Therapy, Istanbul, Turkey.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) was introduced by Shapiro (1989) as a cognitivebehavioural therapy for clients with trauma a little over 20 years ago. After an initial period of intense controversy and scepticism regarding its proclaimed evidence base, EMDR has been studied extensively, its efficacy has been confirmed (Van Etten & Taylor, 1998; Shepherd et al. 2000, Alto, 2001; Davidson & Parker, 2001; Maxfield & Hyer, 2002; Bisson & Andrew, 2005; Bradley, et.al., 2005; Bisson, Ehlers, Matthews, Pilling, Richards, & Turner, 2007) and is one of the effective treatments of PTSD recommended by the National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE) of the UK Department of Health in March 2005. It has been estimated (Farrell & Keenan, 2010) that in the United Kingdom and Ireland approximately 6,000 mental health clinicians have been trained in EMDR. Although studies have evaluated EMDR as a distinct therapeutic modality, during the course of their different levels of EMDR training, clinicians are encouraged to integrate the EMDR treatment protocol into their predominant therapeutic orientation. Thus, EMDR can be used across different psychological therapies, including the Cognitive Psychotherapies. While this makes EMDR a highly versatile modality, it can pose a practical challenge to clinicians in terms of when and how to integrate EMDR into their work with clients. Further, for therapists not trained in EMDR, the concepts may seem strange and scepticism may remain to this date. This workshop seeks to close the gap between false perception and reality about EMDR, by drawing on the facilitator’s 14 years of practical experience in the use and integration of EMDR alongside her work as a Cognitive Behavioural Psychotherapist. This practice-oriented workshop will explore different applications of EMDR across the trauma spectrum, as well as, some treatment protocols for other client problems. The important roles of resource installation and interweaves will be introduced. Several forms of bilateral stimulation (DAS - Dual attention stimulus) and an EMDR-based protocol for the installation of a Safe Place for complex trauma (Herbert, 2002) will be practically demonstrated. Learning Objective • To learn about different EMDR applications both in the treatment of different types of trauma, as well as, other psychological problems. • To alleviate scepticism and encourage understanding on how EMDR can be integrated alongside the Cognitive Psychotherapies. • To gain some practical exposure on how EMDR is applied. Training Modality • Training will be practice-oriented and will include some experiential exercise.

Keywords: Protocols Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

144. 杨善真 [Yang Zhen]. (2006). EMDR（眼动身心重建法）的研究探讨 [EMDR (Eye Movement mental and physical reconstruction of Law), a detailed study]. 嘉义大学辅导咨商学系研究所 [National Chiayi University, Counseling Institute, Chiayi, Taiwan].

Language: Chinese

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
EMDR（眼動身心重建法）的研究探討
眼物质重建法（眼动脱敏和再加工）在过去10年来，作为一个新兴的心理治疗方法，并正成为越来越受欢迎，并确保特别是对创伤后应激综合征的治疗，是新兴的治疗方法，根据Greewald回想起来，一个文献研究指出，“它已被用于治疗许多人的选择”（由约翰库萨克和斯帕茨，1999年报价），因为传统的治疗心理咨询技术的使用往往需要耗费时间，对于一些不长的治疗或治疗病人的具有时间限制并不适用，而且还描述伤痛的经历，以repeat简单动作usually只会使病情恶化，最后连药物也无效，所以今天非常受欢迎并EMDR可应用于其他精神疾病，如：恐惧，疼痛疾病，性虐待的创伤，手术后感情伤害，而且由于其方法和结果仍在广泛讨论，因此对EMDR in treatment和谐促进more 。

Eye physical reconstruction method (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) for the last 10 years, emerging as a psychological treatment method, and are becoming increasingly popular, and sure, especially for the treatment of post-traumatic stress syndrome is emerging treatment techniques, according to Greewald In retrospect, a study of the literature pointed out that "it has been used as treatment for many people a choice" (a quote from Cusack & Spates, 1999), because the use of traditional healing counseling psychology techniques often require time-consuming, for some not long for treatment or for treatment of patients has its time limits do not apply, but also describing the traumatic experience to repeat simple movements usually only make the patient's condition worsened and finally even the drugs are also ineffective, so very popular today and be EMDR be applied to other mental diseases, such as: fear, pain diseases, sexual abuse trauma, post-operative emotional harm, and because of its methods and results are still being widely discussed, so the promotion of EMDR in treatment more harmony.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

145. de Groot, J., & de Jong, A. (2012). EMDR-behandeling van PTSS na seksueel misbruik bij een vaginistische vrouw: Een casus [EMDR treatment for PTSD of a sexually abused woman with vaginismus: A case study]. Tijdschrift voor Seksuologie, 6(3), 197-199.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Een 24 jarige vrouw is vier jaar geleden seksueel misbruikt. Sindsdien was het voor haar onmogelijk gemeenschap te hebben met haar huidige partner (secundair vaginisme). Bovendien had ze klachten die behoren bij een posttraumatische stress-stoornis, ofwel PTSS. Ze zocht hulp bij een psycholoog-seksuoloog. De behandeling nam vijf zittingen in beslag en bestond uit een aanpak gericht op de verwerking van herinneringen aan het misbruik middels EMDR. Dit leidde er uiteindelijk toe dat de PTSS-klachten verdwenen en gemeenschap weer mogelijk was. Deze casus is een voorbeeld van hoe seksueel misbruik vaginisme kan induceren en hoe in dergelijke gevallen een trauma-gerichte behandelaanpak succesvol kan zijn. A 24 year old woman was sexually assaulted four years before she was referred for therapy. She developed secondary vaginismus, and resisted penetration during intercourse with her boyfriend. She also met the criteria for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). During a total of five treatment sessions, using EMDR, the memories related to the abuse were resolved. This resulted in a marked reduction of the abuse-related compaints (PTSD symptoms), and she was able to have intercourse. This case-study, is an example of how sexual abuse can induce vaginismus and how, in such cases, a trauma-focused treatment approach can be successful.

Keywords: Case Study Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Vaginismus

Accuracy Verified: Yes

146. Shapiro, F. (2008, May). EMDR: 21st-century therapy and the possibilities for healing. Presentation at the Academy for Guided Imagery Conference.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) has been so well researched that it is now recommended as a front line treatment for trauma in the Practice Guidelines of American Psychiatric Association, and those of the Department of Defense and of Veterans Affairs. It is an integrative psychotherapy that offers a new and distinct approach to personality development and the treatment of pathology. The clinical applications of EMDR with an information processing focus can be used as a general model of psychotherapy addressing a full range of issues of everyday clinical practice, including family therapy impasses. Increasingly, research evidence is showing that there’s a kind of psychological change that can happen at the level of adaptive information processing, opening up the possibility of powerful therapeutic effects that can exceed expectations both in the speed and depth of their impact. In this presentation, you’ll get an experience of the implicit and associational memory networks that govern our feelings, thoughts, and reactions outside the realm of rational thought. You’ll learn how EMDR and the Adaptive Information Processing model apply not only to trauma, but also to personality disorders, depression, chronic pain, sexual compulsivity, and other dysfunctional behaviors and thoughts. EMDR group protocols will be illustrated that have been used worldwide after both natural and man-made disasters. It is believed that the treatment of trauma through networks of clinicians can aid in breaking the cycle of violence worldwide.

Keywords: Webcast

Accuracy Verified: Yes

147. Shapiro, F. (2008). EMDR: Desensibilización y reprocesamiento por medio de movimiento ocular [EMDR: Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing]. Santa Cruz Atoyac: Pax Mex Editorial.

Language: Spanish

Format: Book

Abstract:
En tan solo unos cuantos años, el modo EMDR se ha convertido en el tratamiento más elaborado para el desorden de estrés postraumático (entre otras perturbaciones). El método EMDR es un tratamiento legítimo y poderoso. Modelo integral y eficiente en el tratamiento de experiencias perturbadoras, el método EMDR incorpora diversos aspectos de terapias sistémicas, psicodinámicas, experienciales, conductuales y corporales. Consiste en ocho fases que comprenden el uso de movimientos oculares y otras formas de estimulación izquierda-derecha. Es eficaz para tratar el desorden de estrés postraumático y reprocesar pensamientos y recuerdos perturbadores o problemas psicológicos de sobrevivientes de traumas, de abuso sexual, de crímenes, de combate bélico, así como de fobias y desórdenes causados por experiencias vivenciales y proporciona en poco tiempo efectos clínicos profundos y estables. Con descripciones y transcripciones detalladas, la autora guía al clínico por cada etapa del tratamiento terapéutico, desde la selección de los clientes hasta la aplicación del método y su integración dentro de un plan integral de tratamiento clínico. Escrito de manera accesible, este libro es una guía invaluable tanto para los clínicos experimentados en el tratamiento EMDR como para las personas que acaban de conocer el método, y para los estudiantes avanzados de psicología clínica y psicoterapia.

In just a few years, mode EMDR has become more elaborate treatment for PTSD (among other disturbances) clutter. The methodEMDR is a legitimate and powerful treatment. Comprehensive and efficient model in the treatment of disturbing experiences, the methodEMDR incorporates aspects of systemic therapies, psychodynamic, experienciales, behavioural and body. Consists of eight phases comprising the use of eye movements and other forms of left-right stimulation. It is effective in treating post-traumatic stress disorder and re-processing thoughts and disturbing memories or psychological problems of survivors of trauma, sexual abuse, of crimes, war combat, as well as phobias and disorders caused by vivenciales experiences and provides deep and stable clinical effects in a short time. With descriptions and detailed transcripts, the author guides the clinical through every stage of therapeutic, treatment from clients to the implementation of the method and their integration within a comprehensive clinical treatment plan selection. Written in an accessible manner, this book is an invaluable guide for clinicians in the treatmentEMDR as for people just know the method and for advanced students of clinical psychology and psychotherapy.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

148. Derksen, M. T., & Baeten, B. M. (2010, April). EMDR: Kijken met een diagnostische 'traumabril' in de ziekenhuispsychiatrie [EMDR: A diagnostic check with trauma glasses' in the psychiatric hospital]. Presentatie op het 38ste Voorjaarscongres Nederlandse Vereniging voor Psychiatrie, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Inhoud van de workshop: EMDR (eye movement desentization and reprocessing) is een intensieve vorm van psychotherapie voor mensen die last houden van de gevolgen van een (of meerdere) schokkende ervaring(en). Een deel van de getroffenen verwerkt deze ervaringen op eigen kracht, anderen ontwikkelen psychische klachten. Juist deze klachten in het hier en nu als gevolg van een schokkende gebeurtenis in het verleden maken de gebeurtenis tot een traumatische gebeurtenis. Een ogenschijnlijk eenvoudige medische ingreep kan leiden tot reactivering van eerdere traumatische ervaringen. De kern van deze workshop is het leren herkennen en vaststellen van de 'ontwrichtende ervaringen' die van blijvende invloed zijn op het functioneren van de patiënt. Verder wordt aandacht besteed aan het diagnostisch leren kijken met een 'traumabril' en het leren kennen van het indicatiegebied van emdr binnen de ziekenhuispsychiatrie. emdr is volgens internationale en nationale richtlijnen de behandeling van eerste keus bij PTSS. EMDR kan ook toegepast worden bij traumagerelateerde stoornissen die niet per se hoeven te voldoen aan de diagnose ptss, zoals bij angststoornissen, eetstoornissen, pijnstoornissen, somatoforme stoornissen, seksuele stoornissen en verslaving. De bijzondere kenmerken en effecten van emdr worden besproken. Gecontroleerde effectstudies laten zien dat EMDR even effectief of effectiever is dan de huidige meest effectieve therapievorm, de cognitieve gedragstherapie. EMDR-behandeling is bovendien sneller en minder belastend voor patiënten. Vorm: Presentatie, geïllustreerd met videobeelden, tijd voor vragen en een interactieve discussie. Leerdoelen: Na de workshop kunnen de deelnemers kijken met de diagnostische 'traumabril', hebben zij inzicht in het brede indicatiegebied van EMDR en hebben zij kennis van deze vorm van psychotherapie en de plaats van EMDR binnen de psychotherapie.

Contents of the workshop: EMDR (eye movement desentization and reprocessing) is an intensive form of psychotherapy for people to suffer from the effects of one (or more) shocking experience (s). Some of the affected processes these experiences on their own, others developed psychological problems. Precisely these problems in the here and now because of a shocking event in the past to make the event a traumatic event. A seemingly simple medical intervention can lead to reactivation of previous traumatic experiences. The core of this workshop is learning to recognize and identify the "disruptive experiences" of lasting impact on the functioning of the patient. Attention is paid to the diagnostic learning to look with an "eye trauma 'and getting to know the indication of EMDR in the psychiatry hospital. EMDR has been under international and national guidelines the treatment of choice for PTSD. EMDR can also be applied to trauma-related disorders that do not necessarily have to meet the PTSD diagnosis, such as anxiety disorders, eating disorders, pain disorders, somatoform disorders, sexual disorders and addictions. The particular characteristics and effects of EMDR are discussed. Controlled Impact studies show that EMDR is as effective or more effective than the current most effective form of therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy. EMDR treatment is faster and less stressful for patients. Methods: Presentation, illustrated with video, an interactive time for questions and discussion. Objective: After the workshop the participants can see the diagnostic trauma spectacles, they understand the broad indication in EMDR and have knowledge of this form of psychotherapy and the place of EMDR in psychotherapy.

Keywords: Hospital

Accuracy Verified: Yes

149. Derksen, M. T. H., & Baeten, B. M. (2011, April). EMDR: theorie en praktijk binnen de ziekenhuispsychiatrie [EMDR: Theory and practice within the psychiatric hospital]. Presentatie op het 39ste Voorjaarscongres Nederlandse Vereniging voor Psychiatrie, Amsterdam.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Inhoud van de workshop: EMDR (eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing) is een intensieve vorm van psychotherapie voor mensen die last houden van de gevolgen van een (of meerdere) schokkende ervaring(EN). Over het effect van emdr is wetenschappelijk aangetoond dat het mogelijk is kwellende herbelevingen van vroegere gebeurtenissen kwijt te raken. emdr is, volgens (inter)nationale richtlijnen, de eerste keus bij behandeling van posttraumatische stressstoornis (PTSS). emdr maakt de in het geheugen opgeslagen traumatische ervaringen toegankelijk en activeert het natuurlijk verwerkingsproces zodat deze gebeurtenissen worden ontdaan van hun emotionele lading en een nieuwe betekenis krijgen. emdr kan ook toegepast worden bij traumagerelateerde stoornissen zoals bij angststoornissen, eetstoornissen, somatoforme stoornissen, seksuele stoornissen, verslaving en chronisch pijn. EMDR is een relatief nieuwe therapie, overigens alweer 20 jaar oud. Grondlegster is de Amerikaanse Francine Shapiro, die in 1989 een eerste versie van emdr beschreef. Door Shapiro zelf en later ook door andere therapeuten is het EMDRprotocol aangescherpt en verbeterd. Halverwege de jaren ’90 van de vorige eeuw introduceerden Ad de Jongh en Erik ten Broeke emdr in Nederland. De laatste jaren wordt er nauwelijks nog iets aan het basisprotocol veranderd of toegevoegd. De belangrijkste ontwikkelingen vinden plaats in de theorievorming en de toepassingsmogelijkheden. Hoe werkt EMDR, welke hersengebieden zijn erbij betrokken, wat is het werkzame mechanisme en bij welke stoornissen kan deze therapie worden toegepast. De kern van deze workshop is het leren kennen van recente verklaringsmodellen over de werking van emdr. De bijzondere kenmerken en effecten van EMDR en de verschillende toepassingsgebieden worden besproken. Vorm: Presentatie, geïllustreerd met videobeelden, tijd voor vragen en een interactieve discussie. Leerdoel: Na de workshop heeft de deelnemer zicht op de verschillende recente theoretische verklaringsmodellen van emdr en heeft hij kennis van het brede indicatiegebied van EMDR en de plaats van emdr binnen de psychotherapie.

Contents of the workshop: EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing) is a intensive form of psychotherapy for people that to suffer the consequences of one (or more) shocking experience (S). On the effects of EMDR has been scientifically proven that it is possible agonizing reliving past losing events. EMDR is, according to (inter) national guidelines, The first choice of treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). EMDR allows the memory traumatic experiences accessible and activates the natural process so that events are stripped of their emotional charge and a new meaning. EMDR can also be applied in trauma-related disorders such as anxiety disorders, eating disorders, somatoform disorders, sexual disorders, addiction and chronic pain. EMDR is a relatively new therapy, however already 20 years old. Founder is the U.S. Francine Shapiro, who in 1989 first version of EMDR described. By Shapiro himself and later by other therapists is EMDRprotocol strengthened and improved. Mid-90s of the last century Ad de Jongh introduced and Erik ten Broeke EMDR in the Netherlands. In recent years there hardly anything to change the basic protocol or added. The main developments are place in the theory and application. How does EMDR, which brain areas are involved, what is the active mechanism and disorders which can therapy administered. The core of this workshop is to learn Declaration of recent models on the operation EMDR. The particular characteristics and EMDR and the effects of different application are discussed. Methods: Presentation, illustrated with video, time for questions and an interactive discussion. Objective: After the workshop, the participant view of the various recent theoretical explanatory models of EMDR and has broad knowledge of the indication area of EMDR and the location of EMDR in psychotherapy.

Keywords: Practice Psychiatric Hospital Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

150. Kellogg-Spadt, S, (2007, August). EMDR: A useful adjuvant for sexual healing. Women's Health Care, 6(8), 24-25.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The text consist of two pages of questions and answers about the utilization of EMDR as a treatment with successful outcomes.

Keywords: Psychotherapy Psychological Theory Sexual Abuse Sexual Abuse Treatment Outcomes

Accuracy Verified: Yes

151. Shapiro, F., & Forrest, M. S.. (2005). EMDR: Vernieuwende therapie tegen angst, stress en trauma [EMDR: The breakthrough therapy for overcoming anxiety, stress and trauma]. Antwerpen; Apeldoorn: Garant. 287 pp..

Language: Dutch

Format: Book

Abstract:
EMDR staat voor "Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing" en is een kortdurende, geprotocolleerde en cliëntgerichte behandelmethode om schokkende ervaringen te verwerken. Ook kan het helpen tegen angst en stress. EMDR integreert verschillende succesvolle elementen van andere therapieën in combinatie met een afleidende stimulus. Deze stimulus kan zijn: het met de ogen volgen van de handen van de therapeut, bi-laterale audiostimulatie, of bi-laterale handstimulatie. Hierdoor wordt "het informatie-verwerkings-systeem in de hersenen" gestimuleerd. Met EMDR is het niet nodig om jarenlang te praten over het verleden. Wel worden, door het stimuleren van het informatie-verwerkings-systeem, in een relatief korte tijd therapeutische doelen bereikt. Hierbij veroorzaakt EMDR herkenbare veranderingen die ook na langere tijd blijven bestaan. De volgende gebeurtenissen kunnen, bij kinderen en volwassenen, leiden tot verwerkingsproblematiek: een (auto)ongeval, brand, diagnose van een ernstige ziekte, getuige van geweld, mishandeling, misbruik, natuurramp, overval, verkrachting of aanranding, verlies van een baan, ziekte of een ziekenhuisbezoek/opname etc. De volgende soorten klachten kunnen kinderen en volwassenen hebben na een schokkende ervaring: herbelevingen van de ervaring, vermijdingsgedrag m.b.t. de ervaring, verhoogde arousal (opgewonden, overdreven alertheid), stress, schaamte of schuldgevoel, slecht humeur, depressie, zich zorgen maken, angsten, slecht zelfbeeld, paniek, slaapproblemen, relatieproblemen, onverklaarbare lichamelijke klachten etc. Voor meer informatie verwijs ik naar www.emdr.nl.

EMDR stands for Eye Movement desensitization and Reprocessing "is a short, recorded and client-centered treatment approach to shattering experience to process. It can also help reduce anxiety and stress. EMDR integrates various successful elements of other therapies in combination with a distracting stimulus. This incentive can be: with the eyes following the hands of the therapist, bi-lateral audio stimulation, or bi-lateral hand stimulation. This is the "information-processing system in the brains" encouraged. With EMDR is no need for years to talk about the past. Well, either by stimulating the information processing system in a relatively short time therapeutic goals. This caused EMDR recognizable changes even after long period of time. The following events may, in children and adults, leading to processing problems: a (car) accident, fire, diagnosis of a serious illness, witnessing violence, maltreatment, abuse, natural disaster, robbery, rape or sexual assault, job loss, illness or a hospital visit / recording etc. The following types of complaints, children and adults after a shocking experience: reliving the experience, avoidance of the Experience, increased arousal (excited, exaggerated alertness), stress, shame or guilt, bad mood, depression , worry, anxiety, low self-esteem, panic, sleep problems, relationship problems, unexplained physical complaints, etc. For more information I refer www.emdr.nl

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

152. Lindqvist, A. (2006). EMDR:n käyttö seksuaalisesti hyväksikäytettyjen lasten hoidossa [EMDR's use of sexually abused children in care]. European Society for Trauma and Dissociation. Retrieved from http://www.estd.org/fi/ARTICLES/EMDRn_kaytto_seksuaalisesti_hyvaksikaytettyjen_lasten_hoidossa.pdf on August 17/2012.

Language: Finnish

Format: Other

Keywords: Children Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

153. Leeds, A. M. (2010). EMDR: Getting started - Guidelines for clinicians in selecting clients for initial application of EMDR following EMDR Level I training and preceding Level II training. EMDRIA Newsletter, 3(1), 7-11.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
These suggested guidelines are offered in response to many questions raised by clinicians recently trained in EMDR about getting started with using EMDR in clinical practice. Because of the wide variation in clinical background, theoretical orientation, length of experience learning style, and clinical settings of those who attend EMDR training, these are general guidelines that will be more or less useful or different clinicians.
The original version of this article was published March, 1998.
This article addresses questions raised by clinicians in training or recently trained in EMDR regarding case finding and selection criteria for their initial applications of EMDR. Guidelines are offered for number of sessions of practice during training, for identifying and deferring more complex cases until more experience is gained, and for recognizing clients where reprocessing of disturbing memories should be postponed in favor of client stabilization. Three classes of clients and targets, with descriptive case examples, are proposed for initial application of EMDR during the training process. Clinicians are encouraged to thoroughly read Shapiro’s (2001) required text and other recently published books and journal articles and to actively participate in consultation with an EMDRIA Approved Consultant.

Keywords: Training

Accuracy Verified: Yes

154. 市井雅哉 [Ichii Masaya]. (2008年6月). EMDR…トラウマ治療の新常識 [EMDR ... a new common sense of trauma treatment]. こころの臨床ア・ラカルト, 29(2), 163-344 [Clinical Psychology: Various Aspects], 27(2), 163-344.

Language: Japanese

Format: Journal

Abstract:
《今回の特集：EMDR…トラウマ治療の新常識》本誌でEMDR（眼球運動による脱感作と再処理法）を，「これは奇跡だろうか！」と紹介してから10年。今やPTSDのみならず，ボーダーラインや発達障害の領域でもめざましい治療効果を発揮し，心理療法のあり方そのものをダイナミックに変革しようとしています。本特集ではさまざまな疑問に答える50のQ&Aや座談会など多方面から，「奇跡を確実に，安全に起こす治療法」として，再びEMDRの魅力と可能性に迫ります。

"The topic of today: EMDR ... a new sense of trauma treatment" The publication EMDR (and re-treatment of eye movement desensitization), and "Will this be a miracle!" From 10 years to introduce. Now not only PTSD, but demonstrated a remarkable therapeutic effect and developmental disabilities borderline area, trying to transform itself into a dynamic way of psychotherapy. In this special issue is to answer 50 questions from various fields, various Q & A and roundtable discussion, "Surely a miracle cure for lead safe" as the possibility looms again appeal and EMDR.

Keywords: Autism Spectrum Children Crime Victims DESNOS Gender Identification Disorders Hypnotism Loss of Coordination Disorder Parents Phobias Sexual Abuse Victims Traumatic Bereavement Truancy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

155. Sack, M., Lempa, W., & Lamprecht, F. (2005, September 24). Empirische befunde zu wirkmechanismen des EMDR [Empirical evidence of mechanisms of action of EMDR]. In A. Karl & W. Lempa, (Moderators), Symposium 2 Traumaspezifische Interventionen in Forschung und Praxis, Jahrestagung der deutschsprachigen Gesellschaft für Psychotraumatologie DeGPT, Dresden .

Language: German

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Das Traumabearbeitungsverfahren EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) kombiniert die imaginäre Exposition mit der traumatischen Erinnerung mit repetitiver Stimulation durch Augenbewegungen oder durch taktile bzw. auditive Reize. Während die Wirksamkeit des EMDR gut belegt ist, sind die spezifischen Wirkungen der bilateralen Stimulation noch weitgehend unbekannt. Wir führten ein psychophysiologisches Monitoring mittels Impedanzkardiographie aller EMDR-Behandlungssitzungen ( N= 55) bei 10 Patienten mit PTSD durch. Aufgezeichnet wurden Herzfrequenz (HR), Parasympathikotonus (RMSSD), Sympathikotonus (PEP), und Atemfrequenz (RESP). Beginn und Ende der Stimulationsperioden (N = 811) wurden markiert. Es fand sich ein steiler Anstieg des Parasympathikotonus verbunden mit einem signifikanten Abfall der Herzfrequenz zu Beginn der Stimulationsperioden, entsprechend dem psychophysiologischen Reaktionsmuter einer deutlich ausgeprägten Orientierungsreaktion. Im weiteren Verlauf der Stimulation nahm der Parasympathikotonus wieder ab und der Sympathikotonus nahm zu, was sich als Stresseffekt während der Exposition interpretieren lässt. Im Sitzungsverlauf zeigte sich jedoch eine signifikante Abnahme der Herzfrequenz und eine Zunahme des Parasympathikotonus. Unsere Befunde weisen darauf hin, dass es während EMDR-Sitzungen zu einem signifikanten psychophysiologischen Dearousal kommt. Die Stimulation durch Augenbewegungen scheint eine Orientierungsreaktion auszulösen, die über eine passagere Erhöhung des Parasympathikotonus eine Entspannungsreaktion auslöst. Es stellt sich die Frage, inwieweit die von uns beobachteten psychophysiologischen Reaktionen mit dem Therapieerfolg korrelieren.[Author abstract]

The EMDR trauma processing method (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) combines the imaginary exposure to the traumatic memory with repetitive stimulation of eye movements or tactile or auditory stimuli. While the effectiveness of EMDR is well documented, the specific effects of bilateral stimulation are still largely unknown. We conducted a psycho-physiological monitoring using impedance cardiography of EMDR treatment sessions (N = 55) of 10 patients with PTSD. Recorded were heart rate (HR), parasympathetic tone (RMSSD), sympathetic (PEP) and respiratory rate (RESP). Beginning and end of the stimulation periods (N = 811) were selected. There was a steep increase in parasympathetic tone associated with a significant decrease in heart rate at the beginning of the stimulation periods, according to the psycho-physiological Reaktionsmuter a clearly marked orientation reaction. In the course of the stimulation of the parasympathetic tone took off again and the sympathetic tone increased, which can be interpreted as a stress effect during exposure. During the session, however, showed a significant decrease in heart rate and an increase in parasympathetic tone. Our findings indicate that occurs during EMDR sessions to significant psychophysiological Dearousal. The stimulation of eye movements seems to trigger a policy response that triggers a transient increase in parasympathetic tone a relaxation response. This begs the question of the extent to which we have observed psychophysiological responses correlate with treatment success. [Author abstract]

Keywords: Mechanism of Action

Accuracy Verified: Yes

156. D'Anca, J. A. (1996). Employing eye movement, desensitization/reorientation (EMDR) to treat posttraumatic stress disorder: A case study. Chicago School of Professional Psychology, Chicago, IL. AAT 9701975.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
The author presents a case study of a 42- year-old white female, the victim of multiple sexual traumas resulting in PTSD. Eye Movement Desensitization/Reorientation (EMDR), a relatively new technique, is employed within the broader context of talk therapy to effect change. EMDR's therapeutic effectiveness is evaluated on a trauma-by-trauma basis through Subjective Units of Distress (SUD), pre- and post-treatment. The maintenance of sustained effected change in SUD ratings is monitored over time on a monthly basis throughout psychotherapy's duration. The patient's changes in overall level of functioning resulting from EMDR and talk therapy are evaluated through changes in MMPI and Rorschach scores. Patient progress is monitored three times through the assessment combination of these two measures: pre-, mid-, and post-treatment. This study addresses the following questions: Is Eye Movement Desensitization/Reorientation an effective technique in decreasing or eliminating symptomatology and psychopathology resulting from PTSD; and are any therapeutic benefits from its use maintained over a period of at least one year? Finally, what changes in the patient's overall level of functioning result from the combination of EMDR and talk therapy?The review of literature presents four models of PTSD: (a) the information processing model, (b) the psychological model, (c) the structural-developmental model (Fluid character pathology), and (d) the structural-developmental model (Dysregulation of impulse). These models offer a basis for conceptualizing PTSD as well as present the typical features of this pathology. The current diagnostic criteria for diagnosis as presented in DSM-IV also are included. Finally, a comprehensive review of the current literature available on Eye Movement Desensitization is presented. Results from the employ of EMDR evidence substantial reduction of PTSD symptomatology for all traumas treated. The reduction of symptomatology sustained for as long as 26 months. A summary of the case, findings, discussion of relevant information along with recommendations completes this work. [Author Abstract] Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 57(8-B), Feb 1997, pp. 5321.

Keywords: Adults Adult Child Abuse Case Study Empirical Study Females Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Survivors Treatment Effectiveness Treatment Outcome/Clinical Trial

Accuracy Verified: Yes

157. Levin, C. (1993, July/August). The enigma of EMDR: An intriguing, new treatment method promises dramatic results. Family Therapy Networker, 17(4), 75-83.

Language: English

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
EMDR produces extraordinarily rapid results. Therapists across the country are reporting success with Vietnam veterans, incest victims and other survivors of trauma. This article describes its successful use in curing sexual problems attributed to childhood trauma.

Keywords: Case Report Diseases Males Middle Aged Professional Criticism Professional Criticism Reply Sexual Dysfunctions Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

158. Wolff, R. P. (2004). Evaluation of effectiveness of individual therapy sessions over 60 minutes. California Institute of Integral Studies, San Francisco, CA. AAT 3158599.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Research has produced few studies that support the 50-minute therapy session as the most effective session length for achieving optimal therapeutic results. This descriptive study attempted to determine differences in therapists' perceptions of how session length might impact therapeutic process, therapeutic outcome, treatment of specific psychological disorders, and if session length preference was based on theoretical orientation or procedures/techniques. A total of 65 practicing therapists drawn from the International Society for the Study of Dissociation, EMDR International Association, Trauma Incident Reduction Practitioners, San Francisco Society of Lacanian Study, and California Psychological Network completed questionnaires regarding their perceptions about psychotherapy for individuals employing longer session lengths versus the standard 50-minute session.Overall frequencies of questionnaire responses and between groups comparisons were analyzed using Chi-Square. The sample endorsed the use of longer sessions at statistically significant frequencies on the following questionnaire items: three therapeutic outcome items: Increases client's satisfaction, Shortens overall duration of therapy, and Facilitates corrective emotional experience; and nine therapeutic process items: Access to client's emotional material, Integration of experience before leaving session, Deepens development of transference, Working through defenses, Access to traumatic experiences, Integrate traumatic experience within session, Working through traumatic experience, and Improving likelihood of breakthrough experiences. The sample also agreed on the use of longer sessions as potentially contributing to positive outcome for treatment of the following disorders: Substance Abuse, Panic Disorder, Agoraphobia, Specific Phobia, Social Phobia, PTSD, GAD, and Eating Disorders. The findings of this study suggest that longer session lengths may have a positive impact on therapeutic process, therapeutic outcome, and certain disorders. Specific implications for the field of psychology and suggestions for research are discussed. [Author Abstract]

Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 65(12-B), 2005, pp. 6680.

Keywords: Empirical Study Health Personnel Attitudes Individual Psychotherapy Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Quantitative Study Treatment Duration Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

159. Oppermann, F. (2011, June). Experiences with EMDR in a general practitioner practice. Presentation at the 12th European Conference on Traumataic Stress (ECOTS), Vienna, Austria.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The study excellently describes results treating patients with PTSD after recent traumatic experiences. 200 patients with various stress reactions after recent traumatic stress like sexual dysfunction, eating disorders, somatic symptoms, conflicts in partnership and inability to work but no prior psychiatric disease in anamnesis were treated with EMDR. The number of active EMDR sessions needed to restore quality of life and capability of working varied from one to five active sessions. A three and six-month follow-up showed stable findings. The study shows, that there is a great number of PTSD patients in general practice. Besides typical flashbacks, these patients show an enormous bandwidth of somatic and psychosomatic symptoms. General practitioners have an important position in making the correct diagnosis and EMDR is shown to be an effective, time saving and economic technique treating PTSD after recent trauma.

Keywords: General Practice

Accuracy Verified: Yes

160. Schottenbauer, M. A. (2006). Expert therapists and practicing clinicians: Reported prototypical treatments of trauma. The Catholic University of America. AAT 3239353.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
PTSD is a frequent psychiatric response to a variety of extreme psychological stressors. While several effective treatments for PTSD such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) have been included on lists of empirically supported treatments, nonresponse rates to these treatments can be high. According to patient report, psychodynamic interventions are more common than CBT for PTSD in the community, yet only one randomized controlled trial has included a psychodynamic treatment for PTSD. This dissertation reviews the treatment dropout and non-response rates in studies of empirically supported treatments for PTSD. Next, a case for the value of psychodynamic treatment of PTSD is made, utilizing empirical research on links between the psychopathology of PTSD and psychodynamic concepts such as defenses and relationship patterns. Then, an empirical study was conducted to find out how psychodynamic and CBT therapists treat patients with PTSD, to discover commonalities and defining characteristics of treatment within each group of respondents, and to delineate the unique contributions of psychodynamic psychotherapy to the treatment of such patients.Therapists who identified themselves primarily with psychodynamic/psychoanalytic or cognitive-behavioral theoretical orientations were recruited online through professional organization listservs. They were randomly presented one of four case studies, describing variations on trauma. Participants then completed a Psychotherapy Process Q-Sort to describe quantitatively their ideal treatment of the given patient. Results indicated many similarities among clinicians of widely different perspectives. Among clinicians who indicated that their primary theoretical orientation was psychodynamic, three prototypical treatments were discovered, and among clinicians who indicated that their primary theoretical orientation was cognitive-behavioral, four prototypical treatments were found. Overall, the prototypes in the current study were correlated with, but not identical to, prototypes of PD, CBT, or interpersonal therapy (IPT) developed in previous studies based on experts' ratings. While the literature has suggested that clinicians who treat patients who have PTSD may make alterations in their techniques to address issues that are specific to PTSD, the current study provides some evidence that therapists are not aware of how their treatment for trauma is different from the theoretical approaches they endorse. [Author Abstract] Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 67(10-B), 2007, pp. 6077.

Keywords: Cognitive Therapy Empirical Study Health Personnel Attitudes Mental Health Personnel Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Quantitative Study

Accuracy Verified: Yes

161. Keller, M. W. (1998). Explanation of EMDR for patients. In G. J. Allen, D. A. Cónsole, & M. W. Keller, EMDR: A Closer Look Video Manual. (pp. 34-36) New York: Guilford Press.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
Brief introductory orientation information about how EMDR will help a person cope with and overcome the adverse experiences and memories which are currently causing trauma and anxieties. This discussion will cover the EMDR content, methods, and procedures which will be used during the EMDR therapy sessions.

Keywords: Manual, Video

Accuracy Verified: Yes

162. Boyer, W. R. (2007). An exploratory study of the effects of EMDR on state/trait anxiety and anger in adult male sex offenders. Argosy University, San Francisco, CA. ATT 3286571.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
The purpose of this exploratory study was to investigate the effects of EMDR on state and trait anxiety and anger levels associated with developmental traumas of sexual offenders in outpatient sex offender treatment. A qualitative component explored the participants' perceptions of their therapy experiences as helpful in resolving problematic reactive behaviors linked with the developmental traumas and other negative life experiences. The male participants ranged in age from 20 to 49 and were self-selected from a purposive sample of clients receiving treatment in an outpatient sex offender program in Southwest Florida. From this sample group, N = 17, the study participants were randomly assigned to one of two treatment modalities, EMDR or CBT. This exploratory study utilized a quasi-experimental, mixed methods format to analyze the effects of EMDR on state/trait anxiety and anger levels. The study utilized both quantitative and qualitative research strategies to acquire what Webster and Marshall (2004) described as "the clearest, fullest picture of behavior" (p. 118). The quantitative analysis of data obtained from the pre and post-testing found no significant differences between the treatment groups in reducing state/trait anxiety and anger levels. The analysis of the qualitative interview data revealed four core themes: Treatment Efficacy, Emotional Processing, Therapeutic Alliance, and Empowerment. The emergent themes of emotional processing and the therapeutic alliance have not been fully explored in sex offender therapy and may warrant further scrutiny. Additionally, processing of developmental traumas and past victimization has been avoided or minimized in standard cognitive-behavioral sex offender treatment contrary to more recent research findings that identify attachment problems and intimacy deficits as key dynamic risk factors associated with sexual recidivism (Adams, 2003). The field of sex offender therapy may benefit from future research that investigates the role of trauma resolution in mitigating dynamic risk factors that are linked with recidivistic sexual violence. EMDR may serve as an adjunctive therapy to assist sexual offenders to effectively process developmental wounds and in so doing target dynamic risk factors by improving their ability to emotionally self-regulate and enhance their ability to more fully experience victim empathy and improve interpersonal relationships. Future sex offender research may benefit from more expanded investigations of EMDR and other limbic therapies. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 68(10-B), 2008, pp. 6951.

Keywords: Anger Anxiety Criminals Developmental Disabilities Empirical Study Qualitative Study Outpatients Quantitative Study Sex Offenders Sex Offenses Trauma Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

163. Cuppen, M. (2007, Juli). Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing, Maakt deze bijzondere behandeling voor traumagerelateerde klachten Pesso-psychotherapie overbodig? [Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing - Does this special treatment for trauma-related symptoms Pesso-psychotherapy redundant?]. Pesso Tijdschrift, 37-49.

Language: Swedish

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, EMDR, har i psykoterapiforskning visats vara en effektiv behandlingsmetod av posttraumatiskt stressyndrom, PTSD. Däremot är ögonrörelsestimuleringen, som är ett centralt moment i metoden, kontroversiell och dess funktion inte klarlagd. I föreliggande undersökning randomiserades trettiosex friska försökspersoner till en av tre stimuleringsbetingelser: ögonrörelsestimulering, taktil stimulering eller orörligt visuellt stimuli (kontrollgrupp). Stimuleringen kombinerades med imaginär exponering, negativ och positiv. Utfallet av experimentet mättes i olika fysiologiska mätparametrar, samt självskattningar av obehagsnivån (SUD). Resultaten visade signifikant högre hudkonduktansnivå vid ögonrörelsestimulering jämfört med kontrollgruppen, relaterat till aktivering av det sympatiska nervsystemet. Inga signifikanta gruppskillnader fanns i de övriga mätningarna. Mönstret av autonom aktivering kan tyda på att ögonrörelsestimuleringen utlöser eller förstärker en orienteringsrespons, vilket vissa teoretiker föreslagit är den verksamma mekanismen i EMDR. Dock behövs fortsatt forskning för att förstå denna verkan, samt koppling till terapeutisk effekt.

Eye Movement desensitization and Reprocessing, EMDR, psychotherapy research has shown to be an effective treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD. However, ögonrörelsestimuleringen, which is the lynchpin of the method, controversial and its function is not clear. In the present study were randomized thirty-six healthy subjects to one of the three stimulation conditions: eye movement stimulation, tactile stimulation or static visual stimuli (control group). The stimulation was combined with imaginary exposure, negative and positive. The outcome of the experiment were measured in various physiological test parameters, and self-estimates the level of discomfort (SUD). The results showed significantly higher hudkonduktansnivå of eye movement stimulation compared with control group, related to the activation of the sympathetic nervous system. No significant group differences were found in the other measurements. The pattern of autonomic activation may indicate that ögonrörelsestimuleringen trigger or reinforce an orientation response, as some theorists suggested is the active mechanism in EMDR. However, further research is needed to understand this effect, and access to therapeutic efficacy.

Keywords: Pesso Psychotherapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

164. ten Broeke, E. & de Jongh, A. (2008). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. EMDR na seksueel misbruik. [Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. EMDR following sexual abuse]. In N. Nicolai (red.), Handboek psychotherapie na seksueel misbruik. [Handbook psychotherapy following sexual abuse] (2e. herz. dr.) (pp. 183-207). Utrecht: De Tijdstroom.

Language: Dutch

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
No abstract available.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

165. Fernandez, I. [2008]. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. Progetto TiAMA [Project TiAMA].

Language: Italian

Format: Other

Abstract:
EMDR è un acronimo per Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (Desensibilizzazione e Rielaborazione attraverso i Movimenti Oculari). E' un metodo clinico innovativo che ha aiutato con successo ormai più di un milione di individui reduci da eventi traumatici (abuso sessuale, violenza in famiglia, guerra, crimini) ma anche soggetti con altri disturbi psicologici (depressione, dipendenze, fobie e aspetti legati all'auto stima).

EMDR is an acronym for Eye Movement desensitization and reprocessing (desensitization and reprocessing eye movements). It 'an innovative clinical method that has already successfully helped over a million people emerging from traumatic events (sexual abuse, family violence, war crimes), but also those with other psychological disorders (depression, addictions, phobias and issues self esteem).

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

166. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). (2010, October). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. National Registry of Evidence-Based Programs and Practices, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Retrieved from http://nrepp.samhsa.gov/ViewIntervention.aspx?id=199 on 3/25/2011.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a one-on-one form of psychotherapy that is designed to reduce trauma-related stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and to improve overall mental health functioning. Treatment is provided by an EMDR therapist, who first reviews the client's history and assesses the client's readiness for EMDR. During the preparation phase, the therapist works with the client to identify a positive memory associated with feelings of safety or calm that can be used if psychological distress associated with the traumatic memory is triggered. The target traumatic memory for the treatment session is accessed with attention to image, negative belief, and body sensations. Repetitive 30-second dual-attention exercises are conducted in which the client attends to a motor task while focusing on the target traumatic memory and then on any related negative thoughts, associations, and body sensations. The most common motor task used in EMDR is side-to-side eye movements that follow the therapist's finger; however, alternating hand tapping or auditory tones delivered through headphones can be used. The exercises are repeated until the client reports no emotional distress. The EMDR therapist then asks the client to think of a preferred positive belief regarding the incident and to focus on this positive belief while continuing with the exercises. The exercises end when the client reports with confidence comfortable feelings and a positive sense of self when recalling the target trauma. The therapist and client review the client's progress and discuss scenarios or contexts that might trigger psychological distress. These triggers and positive images for appropriate future action are also targeted and processed. In addition, the therapist asks the client to keep a journal, noting any material related to the traumatic memory, and to focus on the previously identified positive safe or calm memory whenever psychological distress associated with the traumatic memory is triggered. The underlying mechanism for how this process works to reduce trauma-related stress, anxiety, and depression is unknown. Researchers have theorized that the positive effect is due to adaptive information processing, the theoretical model behind EMDR. Through adaptive information processing, the dual-attention exercises disrupt the client's stored memory of the trauma to allow for an elimination of negative beliefs, emotions, and somatic symptoms associated with the memory as it connects with more adaptive information stored in the memory networks. Once recall of the trauma no longer elicits negative beliefs, emotions, or somatic symptoms and the memory simultaneously shifts to a more adaptive set of beliefs, emotions, and somatic responses, it is stored again, overwriting the original memory of the trauma. EMDR is typically delivered in 60- to 90-minute sessions, although shorter sessions have been used successfully. The number of sessions varies with the complexity of the trauma being treated. For an isolated, single traumatic event, one to three sessions may be sufficient for treatment. However, when the trauma involves repeated traumatic events, such as combat trauma and physical, sexual, or emotional abuse, many more sessions may be needed for comprehensive treatment.

Keywords: Intervention Summary

Accuracy Verified: Yes

167. Fernandez, I. (2001, Aprile). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Psicoterapia Cognitiva e Comportamentale, 7(1), 35.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
L'articolo di J. Wolpe e J. Abrams presenta un caso trattato nel 1991 con Eye Movement Desensitization (EMD), erano le prime applicazioni cliniche dopo la scoperta di F. Shapiro nel 1989 dell'azione dei movimenti oculari sullo stress traumatico e sulle situazioni ansiogene. Negli anni successivi l'EMD è diventato EMDR, infatti, la desensibilizzazione è il primo effetto che avviene durante una seduta dove viene applicata la stimolazione bilaterale, ma successivamente l'osservazione massiccia ed approfondita degli effetti clinici di questo metodo terapeutico ha rivelato che il processo che avviene è molto più complesso. È stato notato che simultaneamente alla desensibilizzazione avviene una ristrutturazione cognitiva e che entrambe sono il risultato dell'elaborazione dell'informazione legata ai ricordi traumatici. Nel lavoro realizzato con la paziente Shirley, Wolpe descrive tutta la storia di terapie a cui era stata sottoposta fino a quel momento che però non erano riuscite ad affrontare e risolvere l'esperienza traumatica della violenza sessuale. L'EMDR è stato efficace perché ha lavorato sul piano neurofisiologico, dove l'informazione è immagazzinata in modo disfunzionale ed è accessibile soltanto a questo livello, infatti, le terapie prettamente verbali non sempre riescono ad accedere e ad agire su questo piano e di conseguenza non riescono a modificare gli aspetti clinici legati alle esperienze di stress traumatico. Il programma terapeutico di Wolpe per l'introduzione dell'EMDR si è focalizzato inizialmente sull'esperienza traumatica della violenza (2 sedute) e dopo aver elaborato l'esperienza in sé sono stati individuati altri bisogni terapeutici legati all'ansia sociale e agli spunti agorafobici. Le 5 sedute successive sono state utilizzate per la desensibilizzazione di una serie di situazioni a cui era stato attribuito dalla paziente un valore della scala SUD. Si è iniziato dalla situazione più ansiogena (85) nella scala SUD e anziché utilizzare il rilassamento proprio della desensibilizzazione sistematica, sono stati realizzati movimenti oculari. La paziente riportava una riduzione dell'ansia dopo ogni set di stimolazione bilaterale e l'immagine della situazione temuta tendeva a sparire e in alcune situazioni addirittura diventava positiva. La ristrutturazione cognitiva è avvenuta nella paziente in modo spontaneo man mano che la terapia procedeva, fino a riportare che poteva camminare per strada sentendosi una cittadina normale, avendo un progetto per il futuro, inoltre aveva smesso quasi completamente di bere e si sentiva che un peso si era sollevato dalle sue spalle. Riportava di essere più rilassata sul lavoro, si godeva le passeggiate solitarie sulla spiaggia, aveva cominciato a curare il suo aspetto fisico e aveva iniziato ad avere interesse per gli uomini e ad avvicinarsi a qualcuno, ha riportato che non temeva più di essere violentata e non aveva più i pensieri suicidi e gli autori hanno ritenuto la terapia conclusa. I risultati si sono mantenuti ai vari follow up realizzati nel tempo. Quindi possiamo vedere i risultati della terapia con EMDR a livello cognitivo, nelle attribuzioni che fa del mondo e di se stessa, differenziando i pericoli veri da quelli meramente ansiogeni, soggettivo per quello che la paziente riporta emotivamente e a livello comportamentale, dove ha messo in atto dei nuovi comportamenti adattivi in modo spontaneo. Nella parte conclusiva gli autori menzionano una serie di 100 casi che sarebbero stati pubblicati nel Journal of Behaviour Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry e si augurano che altre pubblicazioni potessero rispondere al bisogno di delucidare i meccanismi che permettono questi cambiamenti dopo una seduta di EMDR. Come si evince dagli articoli che vengono pubblicati in questo numero la ricerca, il lavoro empirico e le osservazioni cliniche hanno dato un grande contributo in questo senso negli ultimi anni. Sull'EMDR sono stati pubblicati più di 150 articoli che ne dimostrano la efficacia. Tra le riviste scientifiche più accreditate dove sono pubblicati dei lavori di ricerca sull'EMDR troviamo: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, British Journal of Clinical Psychology, Journal of Anxiety Disorders, Journal of Behaviour and experimental psychiatry, Behavioural and Cognitive psychotherapy, Behaviour Therapy, Journal of traumatic stress, The Clinical Psychologist, Journal of Psychotherapy integration, Harvard Mental Health letter, Journal of Clinical psychology, Psychotherapy, British Journal of Psychiatry, International Journal of Psychiatry. Inoltre, sono stati pubblicati libri e manuali per terapeuti tradotti in varie lingue (in Italia dall'Astrolabio e dalla Mc Graw Hill Italia). Inoltre, recentemente, l'International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ISTSS) ha stabilito e comunicato che l'EMDR è uno dei metodi terapeutici più rapidi ed efficaci per superare e risolvere il disturbo post-traumatico da stress.

The article by J. Wolpe, J. Abrams has a case treated in 1991 with Eye Movement Desensitization (EMD), were the first clinical applications since the discovery of F. Shapiro in 1989 of the eye movements on traumatic stress and anxiety-provoking situations. In subsequent years the EMD became EMDR, in fact, the first effect is the desensitization that occurs during a session where the stimulation is applied bilaterally, but then observing massive and thorough clinical effects of this therapy revealed that the process that takes place is much more complex. It was noted that desensitization occurs simultaneously with a cognitive restructuring, and that both are the result of information related to traumatic memories. In work done with the patient Shirley, Wolpe describes the history of therapies that had been subjected up to that point but had failed to address and resolve the traumatic experience of sexual violence. EMDR was effective because he worked on the neurophysiological level, where information is stored in a dysfunctional and is accessible only at this level, in fact, purely verbal therapies are not always able to access and act on this plan and therefore can not modify the clinical aspects related to the experience of traumatic stress. The treatment plan for the introduction of Wolpe EMDR focused initially traumatic experience of violence (2 sessions) and after processing the experience itself more therapeutic needs were identified related to social anxiety and agoraphobic cues . 5 The subsequent sessions were used for the desensitization of a variety of situations to which the patient was given a value of SUD scale. It was started by the most anxiety-inducing situation (85) in the scale instead of using SUD and their relaxation in systematic desensitization, eye movements were made. The patient reported a reduction in anxiety after each set of bilateral stimulation and the image of the feared situation, and tended to disappear in some situations even became positive. The cognitive restructuring has taken place in the patient spontaneously as the therapy progressed, he could bring up to walk down the street feeling like a normal citizen, having a vision for the future, also had almost completely stopped drinking and felt that a weight had lifted from his shoulders. Reported to be more relaxed at work, enjoyed solitary walks on the beach, he began to treat her physical appearance and had started to have interest to men and to approach someone, reported that no longer feared being raped and not had more suicidal thoughts and the authors have considered the therapy ended. The results were maintained at various follow-up made in time. So we can see the results of EMDR therapy at the cognitive level, which is within the functions of the world and of itself, differentiating the real dangers than mere anxiety, subjective to what the patient experiences emotional and behavioral level, where he implemented of new adaptive behaviors in a spontaneous way. In the concluding section the authors refer to a series of 100 cases were published in the Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry and hope that other publications might respond to the need to elucidate the mechanisms that allow these changes after a session of EMDR. It is clear from articles published in this issue the research, the empirical work and clinical observations have given a great contribution in this direction in recent years. EMDR has been published over 150 articles which demonstrate its effectiveness. Among the most accredited scientific journals which are published on EMDR research work are: the Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, British Journal of Clinical Psychology, Journal of Anxiety Disorders, Journal of Behavior and Experimental Psychiatry, Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, Behaviour Therapy , Journal of Traumatic Stress, The Clinical Psychologist, Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, Harvard Mental Health Letter, American Journal of Clinical Psychology, Psychotherapy, British Journal of Psychiatry, International Journal of Psychiatry. Were also published books and manuals for therapists translated into several languages (in Italy and the McGraw Hill dall'Astrolabio Italy). In addition, recently, the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ISTSS) has established and communicated that EMDR is one of the fastest and most effective treatment methods to overcome and resolve the post-traumatic stress disorder.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

168. Chemtob, C. (2003). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). In B. E. Saunders, L. Berliner, & R. F. Hanson, (Eds.) Child Physical and Sexual Abuse: Guidelines for Treatment (Final Report: January 15, 2003) (pp. 39-42). Charleston, SC: National Crime Victims Research and Treatment Center..

Language: English

Format: Publication

Abstract:
EMDR is a multi-component therapeutic procedure for traumatic memories and for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) that purports to restart and facilitate blocked processing of the traumatic memory, promote more adaptive cognitions regarding the trauma, and to install alternate positive cognitions, coping strategies, and adaptive behaviors.

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Sexual Assault Traumatic Stress

Accuracy Verified: Yes

169. Adler-Tapia, R., Settle, C., & Shapiro, F. (2012). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) psychotherapy with children who have experienced sexual abuse and trauma . In P. Goodyear-Brown, (Ed.), Handbook of child sexual abuse: Identification, assessment, and treatment (pp. 229-250). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. doi:10.1002/9781118094822.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
This book is a comprehensive guide to the identification, assessment, and treatment of child sexual abuse. The field of child sexual abuse has experienced an explosion of research, literature, and enhanced treatment methods over the last thirty years. Representing the latest refinements of thought in this field, this volume combines the most current research with a wealth of clinical experience. The contributing authors, many of whom are pioneers in their respective specialties, include researchers and clinicians, forensic interviewers and law enforcement professionals, caseworkers and victim advocates, all of whom do the work of helping children who have been sexually victimized. Offering a snapshot of the state of the field as it stands today, the authors explore a variety of issues related to child sexual abuse, from identification, assessment, and treatment methods to models for implementation and prevention, including: The impact of sexual abuse on the developing brain; The potential implications of early sexual victimization; Navigating the complexities of multidisciplinary teams; Forensic interviewing and clinical assessment; Treatment options for children who have traumagenic symptoms as a response to their sexual victimization; Treating children with sexual behavior problems and adolescents who engage in illegal sexual behavior; Secondary trauma and vicarious traumatization; and Cultural considerations and prevention efforts. Edited by a leader in the field of child therapy, this important reference equips helping professionals on the front lines in the battle against child sexual abuse- not merely with state-of-the-art knowledge, but also with a renewed vision for the importance of their role in the shaping of our culture and the healing of victimized children.

Keywords: Children Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

170. Vyas, K. J. (2008, April). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) to decrease human immunodefiency virus (HIV) risk behaviors among Latino men who have sex with men (MSM). Presentation at the National Conference on Undergraduate Research, Salisbury University, MD.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Among Latino MSM, those who have reported early childhood sexual abuse continually report high levels of HIV risk behaviors. The objective of this study was to test if EMDR can be more effective as an HIV risk reduction behavioral intervention than a non-trauma based comparison, the Explore Study intervention. At a university-based outpatient clinic, 35 Latino MSM were randomized into Explore (n=13) and EMDR (n=22). The main outcome measure was a self-report questionnaire assessing unprotected anal sex, number of sexual partners, and use of substances before or during sexual activity during the previous month. Sexual risk behaviors were assessed at baseline, before randomization, and at one week post-intervention. Compared to baseline rates, participants who didn’t report unprotected receptive anal intercourse increased by 11% in Explore and decreased by 12% in EMDR. The corresponding comparisons for number of sexual partners were a 4% increase for Explore and a 41% decrease in EMDR. Explore and EMDR participants showed an increment of 25% and 9%, respectively, in those who denied having used alcohol or drugs before or during sexual activity. Follow-up data at 2 and 6 months post-intervention are being collected. This preliminary analysis suggests that certain HIV risk behaviors can be reduced by EMDR, while others can be equally reduced by more conventional interventions.

Keywords: AIDS HIV Latino

Accuracy Verified: No

171. Shapiro, F., & Maxfield, L. (2001). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): Clinical implications of an integrated psychotherapy treatment. Directions in Clinical and Counseling Psychology, 11(6), 59-71.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Directions in Clinical and Counseling Psychology: A collection of 12 lessons, this volume covers a wide range of concerns in mental health counseling. The lessons, which may be applied toward continuing education credits, are: (1) "Perspectives on the Essentials of Clinical Supervision" (Stephen A. Anderson); (2) "Adlerian Group Psychotherapy: A Brief Therapy Approach" (Manford A. Sonstegard, James Robert Bitter, Pari Peggy Pelonis-Peneros, and William G. Nicholl); (3) "Substance Abuse Treatment for Pregnant and Parenting Women" (Rivka Greenberg, Judith Fry McComish, and Jennifer Kent-Bryant); (4) "Family Therapy for with Lesbians and Gay Men" (Maeve Malley and Fiona Tasker); (5) "Psychological and Cognitive Correlates of Coping by Patients with Multiple Sclerosis" (William W. Beatty and Brian T. Maynard); (6) "Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR): Clinical Implications of an Integrated Psychotherapy Treatment" (Francine Shapiro and Louise Maxfield); (7) "Counseling Strategies with Women Survivors of Child Sexual Abuse" (Kathleen M. Palm and Victoria M. Follete); (8) "Identifying and Treating Body Dysmorphic Disorder" (Dean McKay); (9) "Masochistic Phenomena Reconceptualized as a Response to Trauma: Recovery and Treatment" (Elizabeth Howell); (10) "Counseling Poor, Abused, and Neglected Children in Fair Society" (Brenda Geiger); (11) "Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Assessing Symptoms and Activity Levels for Treatment" (Constance W. Van der Eb and Leonard A. Jason); (12) "The Limitations of the DSM-IV as a Diagnostic Tool" (G. J. Tucker); and (Special Report) Jealousy, Communication, and Attachment Style (Laura K. Guerrero). Each lesson contains references. (ERIC ED464 291)

Keywords: Integrative Psychotherapy Approach

Accuracy Verified: Yes

172. Brenner, I. (2004). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)?. In I. Brenner (Ed.), Psychic trauma: Dynamics, symptoms, and treatment(pp. 243-302) Lanham: Jason Aronson.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract: This book is about the psychoanalytically informed understanding, recognition, and treatment of severe psychological trauma. It goes beyond the limited notion of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and addresses the issues associated with problems ranging from physical and sexual abuse to genocidal persecution.

Keywords: Genocidal Persecution Physical Abuse Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

173. Cole, M. (2009, October). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing and meta-cognitive therapy - Same destination, different language. Poster presented at the 2nd annual EMDR Autumn Workshop Conference, Leeds, UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Meta-Cognitive Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

174. Reicherzer, S. (2011). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in counseling a male couple. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 5(3), 111-120. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.5.3.111.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This practice-based article discusses the use of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in counseling “Paul“ and “Eddie“ (aliases), a couple for 4 years who presented with what they identified as “communication problems.“ Through the use of psychosocial assessments of the men's personal histories, it was determined that Paul's experience of feeling controlled and Eddie's struggles to believe that he mattered in the relationship were linked to traumatic memories in each man's childhood that related to his sexual identity development. EMDR was used to target the men's traumatic memories, alternating between Paul and Eddie. Following each EMDR treatment series, the work was integrated by talking through how the reprocessed material integrated into the overall couple experience, leading to both men's increased satisfaction in the relationship.

Keywords: Couple Counseling Gay Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

175. Schneider, G., Nabavi, D., & Heuft, G. (2005, December). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder in a patient with comorbid epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior, 7(4), 715-718. doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2005.08.020.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Whether eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) causes reactivation of epilepsy is as yet unclear. A 34-year-old woman was treated in an inpatient multimodal psychotherapeutic setting with EMDR for PTSD resulting from sexual harassment and for a moderate depressive episode. She had been diagnosed with idiopathic generalized absence epilepsy in childhood, but had experienced no seizures under lamotrigine medication since 1999. After the second EMDR session, clinical seizures in the form of absences occurred, and were validated by electroencephalography. The seizures ceased after medication with benzodiazepines and an increase in the lamotrigine level. She underwent four more sessions of EMDR treatment successfully without further seizures. Possible triggers are discussed, especially as to whether EMDR treatment played a role in reactivating epilepsy. Further research and publications on the application of EMDR in epilepsy patients are needed.

Keywords: Adults Amputation Case Report Clinical Case Study Depressive Disorders Males Motor Traffic Accident Physical Pain Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Stressors Traffic Accident

Accuracy Verified: Yes

176. Balcom, D. (2000, December). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in the treatment of traumatized gay men. Journal of Gay and Lesbian Social Services, 12(1/2), 75-89. doi:10.1300/J041v12n01_04 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Gay men suffering from traumatic experiences can benefit from Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing treatment (EMDR). In the past decade the theory and practice of EMDR has expanded to address acute and chronic childhood and adult traumas, substance misuse or abuse, identity issues including shame and self-esteem, and health issues. Through a process of accelerated information processing, traumatic memories are desensitized and reprocessed, resulting in less distress for the client in the present and future. EMDR can also be useful for developing internal resources and for exploration of relevant themes for the client. Further attention is needed in exploring the use of EMDR for gay men traumatized by hate crimes, sexual issues resulting from traumatic experiences, and internalized homophobia. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Emotional Trauma Gay Males Homosexuality Homosexuals Males Psychotherapeutic Processes Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Stressors Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

177. Balcom, D. (2001). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in the treatment of traumatized gay men. In J. Cassese (Ed.), Gay men and childhood sexual trauma: Integrating the shattered self (pp. 75-89). Binghamton, NY: Harrington Park Press/The Haworth Press.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Describes the theory and practice of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing treatment (EMDR), presents a survey of its applications to traumatized gay male clients, and offers an illustrative case study to highlight the utility of EMDR. In the past decade the theory and practice of EMDR has expanded to address acute and chronic childhood and adult traumas, substance misuse or abuse, identity issues including shame and self-esteem, and health issues. The author suggests that gay men suffering from traumatic experiences can benefit from EMDR. It is noted that through a process of accelerated information processing, traumatic memories are desensitized and reprocessed, resulting in less distress for the client in the present and future. It is concluded that further attention is needed in exploring the use of EMDR for gay men traumatized by hate crimes, sexual issues resulting from traumatic experiences, and internalized homophobia. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Adults Emotional Trauma Gay Males Homosexuality Homosexuals Males Psychotherapeutic Processes Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Stressors Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

178. Shapiro, F., Levin, C., Dunton, R., & Goldstein, A. (1992, July). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing procedure: A rapid treatement for anxiety and related trauma. Presentation at the Fourth World Congress on Behaviour Therapy, Queesland, Australia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) procedure has been used on thousands of victims (ages 3-74) f traumatic memories, including, combat, rape/molestation, and sexual cult abuse.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

179. Shapiro, F. (1995). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Basic principles, protocols, and procedures, 1st Ed. New York: Guilford Press.

Language: English

Format: Book

Abstract:
This book reviews research and development; discusses theoretical constructs and possible underlying mechanisms; and presents protocols and procedures for treatment of adults and children with a range of complaints. Among the many clinical populations for whom the material is this volume is applicable are victims of sexual abuse, violence, combat, grief, and phobias.To assist the learning process, detailed descriptions and transcripts guide the clinician through every stage of therapeutic treatment, ranging from the safety issues necessary for appropriate client selection through the administration of EMDR and its integration within a comprehensive treatment plan. Only licensed mental health professionals, or those under direct supervision of licensed clinicians, should use the procedures and protocols in this book. The book has been written with four kinds of readers in mind: academicians, researchers, clinicians, and clinical graduate students. [Adapted from Text]

Keywords: Abuse Adults Assessment Child Abuse Children DID Dissociative Identity Disorder Dissociative Symptoms Incest Methodology Neurophysiology Patient Selection Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Spouse Survivors Veterans

Accuracy Verified: Yes

180. Shapiro, F. (2001). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Basic principles, protocols, and procedures, 2nd Ed. New York: Guilford Press.

Language: English

Format: Book

Abstract:
This book reviews research and development; discusses theoretical constructs and possible underlying mechanisms; and presents protocols and procedures for treatment of adults and children with a range of complaints. Among the many clinical populations for whom the material is this volume is applicable are victims of sexual abuse, violence, combat, grief, and phobias. To assist the learning process, detailed descriptions and transcripts guide the clinician through every stage of therapeutic treatment, ranging from the safety issues necessary for appropriate client selection through the administration of EMDR and its integration within a comprehensive treatment plan. Only licensed mental health professionals, or those under direct supervision of licensed clinicians, should use the procedures and protocols in this book. The book has been written with four kinds of readers in mind: academicians, researchers, clinicians, and clinical graduate students. [Adapted from Text of 1st Edition]

Keywords: Adults Assessment Child Abuse Children Dissociative Identity Disorder Dissociative Symptoms Incest Methodology Neurophysiology Patient Selection Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Spouse Abuse Survivors Veterans

Accuracy Verified: Yes

181. Edmond, T. E. (1998, August). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Evaluating its effectiveness in reducing trauma symptoms in adult female survivors of childhood sexual abuse. University of Texas at Austin. AAT 9824929.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
The purpose of the study was to evaluate, through the use of a randomized experimental design, the effectiveness of EMDR in reducing trauma symptoms in adult female survivors of childhood sexual abuse. No EMDR research to date has been exclusively comprised of adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse, a historically difficult treatment population. Additionally, while numerous clinical accounts of treatment with sexual abuse survivors have been published, controlled treatment research has rarely been done. Of the studies found that examine treatment efficacy exclusively with this population, none involved the use of random assignment.A sample of 60 adult female sexual abuse survivors were selected and randomly assigned to one of three groups: (1) individual EMDR treatment; (2) individual eclectic treatment; or (3) delayed treatment control group. The participating survivors' trauma symptoms were measured in pretests and posttests on standardized as well as subjective instruments that measured anxiety, posttraumatic stress, depression, negative beliefs about the sexual abuse, emotional distress and desired positive self beliefs. The survivors in the study assigned to the experimental or comparison treatment groups received six 90 minute individual sessions of either EMDR or eclectic therapy. The delayed treatment control group subjects were pretested, asked to delay treatment for six weeks, and after being post tested were assigned a therapist with which to work. Data analysis consisted primarily of multivariate and univariate analysis of variance. The posttest results indicated that EMDR was very effective in reducing the targeted trauma symptoms compared to the control group. Eclectic therapy at posttest was also found to be very effective, resulting in a lack of statistically significant differences between the experimental and comparison treatments. However, analysis conducted at the three month follow-up revealed that EMDR was significantly more effective than eclectic therapy at maintaining therapeutic gains. The results of this study suggest that while both EMDR and eclectic therapy, when applied as brief psychotherapy models of treatment for survivors, can produce significant alleviation of trauma symptoms, EMDR may provide more enduring resolution. These findings have important implications for both survivors and the service providers available to them. [Author Abstract] Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences. 59(2-A), Aug 1998, pp. 0617.

Keywords: Adults Child Abuse Empirical Study Females Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Survivors Treatment Effectiveness Treatment Outcome/Clinical Trial

Accuracy Verified: Yes

182. Protinsky, H., Sparks, J., & Flemke, K. (2001, June). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Innovative clinical applications. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 31(2), 125-135. doi:10.1023/A:1010217707351.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Neurologically-based therapies such as Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) are being clinically implemented and researched in the field of psychotherapy. While EMDR has a theoretical base and some research support for its effectiveness with PTSD, therapists are now developing and using EMDR for other clinical problems. This report illustrates some of the unique applications of EMDR with clinical problems such as: driving phobia, interpersonal arguments, dyspareunia, depression, anxiety, and eating problems. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Anxiety Conflict Depressive Disorders Dyspareunia Eating Disorders Interpersonal Interaction Phobia Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Sexual Dysfunctions Somatic Symptoms Stressors Survivor Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

183. Welch, K. L. (1996, September). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Treatment of sexual trauma post-traumatic stress disorder and a treatment efficacy hypothesis. Central Michigan University. AAT 9623929.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
The purpose of this investigation was to study the treatment effects of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) on a civilian population of individuals diagnosed with PTSD from sexual trauma. A series of single case designs was utilized with 6 subjects to examine EMDR treatment efficacy. The results suggested that EMDR was effective in reducing distress and related PTSD symptomatology in 1 or 2 sessions of treatment. These treatment gains were maintained at 1 year follow-up. It is suggested that affective arousal may have a critical role in maintaining a number of disorders including PTSD and that EMDR appears to be able to activate as well as desensitize affective mood states so that more adaptive cognitive processing can take place. [Author Abstract] Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 57(3-B), Sep 1996, pp. 2170.

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Survivors Treatment Effectiveness Empirical Study Treatment Outcome/Clinical Trial

Accuracy Verified: Yes

184. Edmond, T. (2000). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Evaluating its effectiveness in reducing trauma symptoms in adult female survivors of childhood sexual abuse. Presentation at the Conference of the Twelfth National Symposium on Doctoral Research in Social Work.Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Adults Child Abuse Empirical Study Females Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Survivors Treatment Effectiveness Treatment Outcome/Clinical Trial

Accuracy Verified: Yes

185. Severe, N. D. (1998, July). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Treatment application to post-traumatic stress disorder in a latency-aged multi-traumatized child. California School of Professional Psychology, San Diego, CA. AAT 9820480.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
This document presents an individual case study focusing on the qualitative application of the Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) treatment to PTSD in a latency-aged multi-traumatized child. Theoretical, empirical and clinical descriptions of PTSD and EMDR are presented in order to understand childhood psychological trauma and its treatment. Further, an explanation of childhood psychic trauma is presented to distinguish between single event trauma (Type I Trauma) and multiple exposure to psychologically overwhelming events (Type II Trauma) as defined by Lenore Terr. Child abuse and specifically sexual abuse is described as an example of a Type II trauma that is closely related to the development of post-traumatic symptoms and reactions. EMDR is selected as the main cognitive behavioral treatment to help reduce PTSD symptoms in an 11-year-old male who has witnessed and experienced numerous interpersonal stressor related traumatic events.A clinical review of the child's EMDR focused treatment is summarized in a total of twenty-five sessions that follow Shapiro's EMDR 8-Step Treatment Model. Qualitative changes to the standard adult EMDR protocol made by the treating therapist are presented to illustrate how EMDR can be modified and adapted to work with latency age children. The results of the study suggest that EMDR may be a useful adjunct to an overall treatment plan aimed at ameliorating the traumatic symptoms and developmental difficulties associated with PTSD in children. The author emphasizes the need for the clinician using EMDR with children and adults to constantly target and assess the impact of present stressors and their role in the maintenance of PTSD symptomatology. [Author Abstract] Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 59(1-B), Jul 1998, pp. 0438.

Keywords: Case Report Empirical Study Male Multiple Traumatic Events Nonclinical Case Study Posttrauamtic Stress Disorder Preadolescents PTSD Survivors Treatment Effectiveness Treatment Outcome/Clinical Trial

Accuracy Verified: Yes

186. Spates, C. R., & Burnette, M. M. (1995, March). Eye movement desensitization: Three unusual cases. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 26(1), 51-55. doi:10.1016/0005-7916(95)00001-G.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Three complex cases are presented to document further the broad applicability of eye movement desensitization (EMD) for PTSD. In the first subject this disorder was combined with panic attacks; in the second, sexual dysfunction was an additional consequence of childhood sexual abuse; and in the third the causative situation directly resulted in profound impairment of occupational and social function. In all three cases treatment produced rapid resolution of symptoms and functional recovery. [Author Summary]

Keywords: Adults Case Report Child Abuse Females Incest Males Multiple Traumatic Events Panic Disorder Police Personnel Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Sexual Dysfunctions Survivors Treatment Effectiveness Wounds

Accuracy Verified: Yes

187. Vanhoeck, K., & Gykiere, K. (2010). Fantasiemanagement bij seksuele delinquenten [Fantasy management in sexual offenders]. Tijdschrift voor Seksuologie, 34, 224-235.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Fantasy management for sex offenders Sexual fantasies of sex offenders are a complex therapeutic issue. First, there is not so much we know yet for sure about sexual fantasies. Secondly, the question is what role sexual fantasies play as a risk factor for sexual abuse. And third, therapists see themselves confronted with the difﬁcult task how to affect the sexual fantasies of their client (if they are willing to do this at all). In part 1 of this article, we brieﬂy go through the scientiﬁc knowledge about sexual fantasies of sex offenders and will primarily have to ﬁnd out that we do not know much. In part 2 we present four ethical statements as a therapeutic framework for fantasy management. Finally we describe six steps to make it practical to get started.

Keywords: Fantasy Management Sex Offenders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

188. Miller, R. (2010, September). The feeling-state theory of impulse-control disorders and the impulse-control disorder protocol. Traumatology, 16(3), 2-10. doi:10.1177/1534765610365912.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Impulse-control disorders such as pathological gambling, sexual addiction, and compulsive shopping cause enormous suffering in people’s lives. The feeling-state theory of impulse-control disorders postulates that these disorders are created when intense positive feelings become linked with specific behaviors. The effect of this linkage is that, to generate the same feeling, the person compulsively reenacts the behavior related to that original positive-feeling event, even if detrimental to his or her own wellbeing. This reenactment creates the impulse-control disorder. The therapy described in this article is the Impulse-Control Disorder Protocol (ICDP), which uses a modified form of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) to address these fixations. A case study of an individual with pathological gambling illustrates the application of ICDP.

Keywords: Compulsion Gambling Impulse-Control Disorders Sexual Addiction

Accuracy Verified: Yes

189. Mankuta, D., Aziz-Suleyman, A., Yochail, L., & Allon, M. (2012, November). Field evaluation and treatment of short-term psycho-medical trauma after sexual assault in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Israel Medical Assocation Journal, 14, 653-657.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Background: During the horrific war in the Democratic Republic of Congo during the years 1996–2007 the number of casualties is estimated to be 5.4 million. In addition, 1.8 million women, children and men were raped, many as a social weapon of war. Many of these women still suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and mutilated genitals. Objectives: To assess a short-term interventional team for the evaluation and treatment of sexual trauma victims. Methods: The intervention program comprised four components: training the local staff, medical evaluation and treatment of patients, psychological evaluation and treatment of trauma victims, and evacuation and transport of patients with mutilated genitals. A diagnostic tool for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) – the Impact Event Scale (IES) – was used. The psychological treatment was based on EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) principles. Using questionnaires, the information was obtained from patients, medical staff and medical records. Results: Three primary care clinics were chosen for intervention. Of the 441 women who attended the clinics over a period of 20 days, 52 women were diagnosed with severe PTSD. Psychological intervention was offered to only 23 women because of transport limitations. The most common medical problems were pelvic inflammatory disease and secondary infertility. Nine patients suffered genital mutilation and were transferred for surgical correction. The 32 local nurses and 2 physicians who participated in the theoretical and practical training course showed improved knowledge as evaluated by a written test. Conclusions: With the short-term interventional team model for sexual assault victims the combined cost of medical and psychological services is low. The emphasis is on training local staff to enhance awareness and providing them with tools to diagnose and treat sexual assault and mutilation.

Keywords: Congo IES Impact of Event Scale Sexual Assault Trauma Violence

Accuracy Verified: No

190. Edmond, T. (2005, September). The future of evidence in EMDR. Plenary presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Seattle, WA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Evidence based practice has gained increased attention in recent years, having been advanced initially by the medical professions, encouraged by various academic institutions, increasingly required by insurance companies, and endorsed by many professional associations. Although this represents an important movement towards improving the quality of care available to clients, there are legitimate concerns about what constitutes evidence. In the past 15 years, research on EMDR has proliferated and the methodological rigor of that work has greatly improved. Yet skepticism ahout the effectiveness of EMDR remains and much is still unknown about the parameters of this innovative approach to psychotherapy. This presentation will provide a description of evidence based practice as a backdrop for examining the current state of EMDR research with recommendations for areas of research that are needed, methodological issues that should be considered, and the role of practitioners in the generation of that knowledge. Findings from a mix-methods study evaluating the effectiveness of EMDR with adult female survivors of childhood sexual abuse will be used as an example to critique the limitations of the gold standard approach to generating evidence based practice and to illustrate the importance of methodological diversity in the pursuit of knowledge about the practice of psychotherapy.

Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice Gold Standard Plenary

Accuracy Verified: Yes

191. Unger, M. A. (2008). Fysiologiska korrelat av ögonrörelser och emotionell exponering hos friska individer: – En experimentundersökning av mekanismer i Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) [Physiological correlates of eye movements and emotional exposure in healthy subjects - An experimental study of the mechanisms of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)]. Psykologexamensuppats, Stockholms Universersit, Psyckologiska Institutionen.

Language: Swedish

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, EMDR, har i psykoterapiforskning visats vara en effektiv behandlingsmetod av posttraumatiskt stressyndrom, PTSD. Däremot är ögonrörelsestimuleringen, som är ett centralt moment i metoden, kontroversiell och dess funktion inte klarlagd.
I föreliggande undersökning randomiserades trettiosex friska försökspersoner till en av tre stimuleringsbetingelser: ögonrörelsestimulering, taktil stimulering eller orörligt visuellt stimuli (kontrollgrupp). Stimuleringen kombinerades med imaginär exponering, negativ och positiv. Utfallet av experimentet mättes i olika fysiologiska mätparametrar, samt självskattningar av obehagsnivån (SUD). Resultaten visade signifikant högre hudkonduktansnivå vid ögonrörelsestimulering jämfört med kontrollgruppen, relaterat till aktivering av det sympatiska nervsystemet. Inga signifikanta gruppskillnader fanns i de övriga mätningarna. Mönstret av autonom aktivering kan tyda på att ögonrörelsestimuleringen utlöser eller förstärker en orienteringsrespons, vilket vissa teoretiker föreslagit är den verksamma mekanismen i EMDR. Dock behövs fortsatt forskning för att förstå denna verkan, samt koppling till terapeutisk effekt.

Eye Movement desensitization and Reprocessing, EMDR, psychotherapy research has shown to be an effective treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD. By contrast, ögonrörelsestimuleringen, which is the lynchpin of the method, the controversy and its function is not clear.
In the present study were randomized thirty-six healthy subjects to one of three stimulation conditions: eye movement stimulation, tactile stimulation or static visual stimuli (control group). The stimulation was combined with imaginary exposure, negative and positive. The outcome of the experiment were measured in various physiological measurement parameters, and self-estimates of the level of discomfort (SUD). The results showed significantly higher hudkonduktansnivå the eye movement stimulation compared with control group, related to the activation of the sympathetic nervous system. No significant group differences were found in the other measurements. The pattern of autonomic activation may indicate that ögonrörelsestimuleringen trigger or reinforce an orientation response, as some theorists suggested is the active mechanism in EMDR. However, further research is needed to understand this effect, as well as access to therapeutic efficacy.

Keywords: Eye Movements Dismantling Study Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

192. de Groot, J., de Jongh, A., & Leusink, P. (2013, Maart). Geen zin meer in seks? Denk aan psychisch trauma! [Not interested in sex? Think of mental trauma!]. Huisarts en Wetenschap, 56(3), 134-137. doi:10.1007/s12445-013-0072-8.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Seksuele problemen kunnen vele oorzaken hebben, zowel biologische als psychosociale. Bij het inventariseren daarvan moet de huisarts er rekening mee houden dat een deel van de patiënten seksueel misbruik kan hebben doorgemaakt of andere negatieve ervaringen kan hebben gehad, al dan niet op seksueel gebied. In dat geval kan de huisarts, in aanvulling op de reguliere seksuologische behandeling, de patiënt verwijzen naar een psycholoogseksuoloog NVVS voor een aanpak die primair gericht is op de verwerking van deze negatieve ervaringen. Deze klinische les beschrijft het spectrum van seksuologische problemen en geeft aan in welke gevallen een traumagerelateerde behandeling zinvol kan zijn. De behandeling wordt geïllustreerd aan de hand van een casus waarbij gebruik werd gemaakt van eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR).

Sexual problems can have several causes, both biological and psychosocial. During the investigation, the general practitioner should bear in mind that some patients with sexual problems may have been abused sexually or have had other unpleasant experiences, sexual or otherwise. In such cases the patient should be referred to a psychologist-sexologist for treatment that is primarily focused on the processing of negative (sexual) experiences, in addition to conventional sex therapy. This article describes the spectrum of sexual problems and indicates in which cases trauma therapy might be useful. This is illustrated by means of a case in which eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) was used.

Keywords: Sexual Issues

Accuracy Verified: Yes

193. Eckers, D. (2006). Gegenwarts- und ressourcenorientierung (GRO) in der behandlung und dosierte EMDR-behandlungsschritte [Present-and resource-orientation (GRO) in the treatment and dose EMDR treatment steps]. EMDRIA Deutschland e.V. Rundbrief, 8, 28-29.

Language: German

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Die grundsätzliche Wahrnehmung, dass die Gegenwart sicherer und stabiler ist als die traumatische Situation, ist die Voraussetzung dafür, eine Traumabearbeitung überhaupt in Erwägung zu ziehen. Je komplexer, anhaltender und früher die Traumatisierung war, desto mehr Sorgfalt muss auf eine stabile Gegenwarts- und Ressourcenorientierung (GRO) verwendet werden.

The general perception that the present is more secure and stable than the traumatic situation is the prerequisite for a trauma in general Whereas draw. The more complex, persistent and once the trauma was, the more attention is needed for a stable present and resource orientation (GRO) be used.

Keywords: GRO Present-and-Resource Orientation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

194. Greenwald, R. (2002, June). Getting to EMDR: Structuring treatment so that EMDR fits in. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Diego, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The commonly-reported difficulty in identifying opportunties to use EMDR reflects the fact that relatively few EMDR-trained clinicians were previously trauma specialists. This workshop will present a comprehensive model of trauma-informed treatment that will help participants to utilize their preferred orientation and methods in a manner conducive to trauma treatment and to EMDR. Participants will learn specific interventions to help their clients understand why EMDR can help them to resolve their presenting problem. Participants will learn a conceptual framework with which to organize and sequence a range of intervention to prepare their clients for EMDR. Participants will learn specific interventions to prepare their clients for EMDR. This workshop is appropriate for clinicians working with children, adolescents, and adults wilth a range of presenting problems (not just PTSD).

Keywords: General Trauma-Informed Interventions

Accuracy Verified: Yes

195. van Rens, L. W., de Weert-van Oene, G. H., van Oosteren, A. A., & Rutten, C. (2012). Gevalsbeschrijving - Klinische behandeling van posttraumatische stressstoornis bij patiënten met ernstige dubbele diagnose [Case Study - Clinical treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder in patients with serious dual diagnosis problems]. Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie, 54(4), 383-388.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Three patients with severe addiction problems, early sexual trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder PTSD comorbid psychotic vulnerability and personality problems received integrated treatment following admission to a clinic specialising in the care of patients with a dual diagnosis. Treatment was administered in accordance with current guidelines and involved either imaginal exposure or eye movement desensitization and reprocessing EMDR, integrated with relapse management of addiction problems. It is concluded that the current evidence-based guidelines regarding PTSD and addiction can also be applied successfully and effectively to an extremely vulnerable patient population.

Keywords: Dual Diagnosis Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

196. Brayne, M. (2011, March). Giving evidence in court on behalf of an EMDR client. Symposium conducted at the 9th annual Conference of the EMDR UK & Ireland, Bristol .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
What’s it like to give court evidence in the UK on behalf of an EMDR client? And what can EMDR unleash in a survivor of child sexual abuse now become war reporter? In 2007, Mark Brayne became one of the very few EMDR therapists internationally to have taken the witness stand for a client, involving sexual abuse charges against a former priest at a prominent Catholic school in the UK. Mark’s client “G”, a former war correspondent, had always known he was abused as a child. But it was in EMDR, more than 20 years later, that he recalled the detail. Four years after the trial, “G” has now given permission for his story to be told. This workshop will a space to explore some of the legal challenges of working with EMDR, and also EMDR’s table-turning and at times colourfully cartoon-like impact on the narrative of dysfunctional memory networks.

Keywords: Court Evidence

Accuracy Verified: Yes

197. Leeds, A. M. (2009). A guide to the standard EMDR protocols for clinicians, supervisors, and consultants. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Co.

Language: English

Format: Book

Abstract:
This book serves as a resource for practicing clinicians, supervisors, clinic directors, and hospital administrators. Leeds provides clear, concise treatment guidelines on the clinical use of EMDR. This book provides an orientation to the clinical, professional, and risk management issues. Leeds provides sample consultation agreements and forms for documenting treatment planning, case summaries, and treatment outcomes. These forms will be especially helpful for case managers and clinical supervisors in agencies and community health treatment centers. Key features: Includes charts, forms, illustrations, tables, and decision trees, presenting essential information clearly and concisely to guide treatment planning and documentation. Presents case studies with transcripts illustrating the different protocols and presenting guidelines for informed decision making. Outlines the stages of clinical skill development Discusses ethical issues in clinical application, consultation, supervision, and research.

Keywords: Protocols

Accuracy Verified: Yes

198. Courtois, C. (1997, January). Guidelines for the treatment of adults abused or possibly abused as children (with attention to issues of delayed/recovered memory). EMDRIA Newsletter, 2(3), 3-8.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
These guidelines provide practicing clinicians with information regarding psychotherapy with adults who: 1) disclose an abuse history (physical, sexual, emotional) at the beginning of therapy, 2) do not disclose abuse despite having knowledge and memory about such events in their past; 3) report new (delayed or recovered) memories of abuse during the course of therapy; and/or 4) suspect past abuse, but have no clear memories of having been abused. The most common clinical scenario involves an individual who has retained memory for past abuse, but recalls additional events or details during therapy. The less common scenario is for an individual to have totally absent any memory of abuse and to later develop highly detailed memory. Practitioners should expect a range of memory presentations and must work to neither suggest nor suppress abuse-related issues that arise in the course of therapy.

Keywords: Abuse Delayed Recovery Memory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

199. Nicolai, N. (2003). Handboek psychotherapie na seksueel misbruik [Handbook psychotherapy after sexual abuse]. Utrecht: De Tijdstroom.

Language: Dutch

Format: Book

Keywords: Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

200. Craig, J. (1996, October). Healing emotional trauma. Chatelaine Magazine for Canadian Women, 69(1), 190.

Language: English

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
With EMDR, help is in the eye of the beholder Christine Baird (not her real name) never had reason to distrust her husband of 22 years. So when he confessed to an affair, Baird plunged into four months of sleeplessness, anxiety and despair. "I couldn't see the future as holding any hope for me," says Baird, 49. What she didn't know was that she was suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder, a condition associated with sexual assault victims and war veterans. Counseling didn't help, and Baird was referred to Glenis Holmes, a therapist trained in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). It's a technique Baird says helped turn her life around.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

201. Gomez, A. M. (2012). Healing the caregiving system: Working with parents within a comprehensive EMDR treatment. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 6(3), 136-144. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.6.3.136.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This article is an excerpt from the book EMDR Therapy and Adjunct Approaches With Children: Complex Trauma, Attachment, and Dissociation. It presents an original model to work with caregivers of children with complex trauma. This model comprises 3 levels of parental involvement within a comprehensive eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) treatment: psychoeducation, self-regulation, and memory reprocessing and integration (Gomez, 2009, 2012a, 2012b). Mentalization and reflective function (Fonagy & Target, 1997), mindsight (Siegel, 1999, 2010), mind-mindedness (Meins, Fernyhough, Fradley, & Tuckey, 2002), insightfulness (Koren-Karie, Oppenheim, Dolev, Sher, & Etziom-Carasso, 2002), and metacognitive monitoring (Flavell, 1979; Main, 1991) are all constructs linked to the parent's capacity to develop infant's attachment security. However, unresolved trauma and loss appears to impair these capacities in parents. Many children wounded by caregivers lacking such competences had to endure repetitive emotional, physical, and sexual overt and covert abuse; enmeshment and intrusiveness; or on the contrary, detachment and lack of connection. When the caregivers have been the wounding agents, their inclusion and active participation in the overall treatment of their children is fundamental.

Keywords: Caregiving System Connection: Contingecy Differentiation Mentalization Regulation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

202. Maltz, W. (1995, June). Healing the sexual problems caused by sexual abuse. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Sexual abuse is abuse to a person's sexuality. It can seriously harm the development of healthy sexual attitudes, self-concept, and behavior. In particular, survivors are often troubled by a variety of sexual problems, such as, fear and avoidance of sex, approaching sex as an obligation, automatic negative reactions to touch, difficulty becoming aroused or feeling sensation, emotional detachment during sex, disturbing sexual thoughts and fantasies, compulsive sexual behaviors, difficulty with intimate partners, and sexual functioning concerns. EMDR is a technique which can effect significant changes in cognition, sensation, and emotional experience. It can be a powerful tool to help survivors reprocess traumatic material blocking healthy sexual experience. But because sex is often an extremely loaded issue for survivors, and EMDR is seen as technique in which the therapist "does something" to the client, precautions must be taken to avoid negative, retraumatizing reactions and increase positive results. Due to the high potential for negative transference in sex therapy with survivors, the therapist must present the EMDR technique in a style which values client safety and empowerment. This can involve associating the techque with safe images and prior positive experiences, developing relaxation and containment skills, and modifying the physical aspects associated with the technique. There are a variety of sexual concerns which respond well to EMDR intervention. EMDR can be used to help replace old negative messages about sex with new messages which view sex as based on consent, equality, respect and safety. Sexual self-concept can be improved as survivors undo irrational belief systems which blame their sexuality and/or sexual parts for having caused the abuse. EMDR can help introduce new experiences of self-forgiveness and self-acceptance. EMDR can also help desensitize particular objects, sexual settings, types of touch, and associations to the intimate partner which trigger negative reactions. Therapists who focus on sexual healing need to be familiar with a variety of sexual healing techniques. These include the sexual response cycle exercise, relearning touch exercises, techniques for healing unwanted sexual fantasies, and techniques for improving sexual functioning. Therapists can use EMDR to help survivors work through blocks and impasses encountered with the techniques.

Keywords: Sexual Abuse Sexual Issues

Accuracy Verified: Yes

203. Rogers, M. (2001, January 24). Healing through the windows of the soul. Sante Fe, NM: The Sante Fe New Mexican, E-3.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
The therapy technique, called eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing, is an innovative method of therapy for anyone who has experienced a trauma of any kind, Stark said. EMDR can be used to treat victims of sexual abuse, domestic violence, criminal violence, combat and natural disasters. It has even been used to treat people with personality disorders, such as schizophrenia.

Keywords: General Overview Sante Fe

Accuracy Verified: Yes

204. Armstrong, M. (1998, March). Healing traumatic wounds from childhood. The Focusing Connection, 15(2).

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
We are just beginning to understand that psychological trauma from emotional, physical and sexual abuse in childhood is epidemic in our society. We know the extent of the problem, and that trauma is trauma, no matter how it happens. For example, a child living in an anger-filled or incestuous home may have all the signs and symptoms of the traumatized Vietnam veteran. We know too that the cause of the lasting distress may be largely physical, resulting from permanently altered neurology and biochemisty.

Keywords: Childhood Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

205. Treadway, D. C. (2008, September). The heart of loving: A new model of couples therapy. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Phoenix, AZ.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Dr. Treadway’s new model of organizing couples therapy helps the clients design their own treatment plan. This workshop will show how couples choose whether to work on making changes in the here and now, focus on healing from the wounds of their past, or work through their trauma history from their family FRIDAY of origin. Once couples choose whether to focus on the present or the past, this model then has a variety of additional choices for a couple to explore. Couples might decide to work on communications or behavior changes, problem solving or sexual intimacy. And since many of the couples’ issues stem from trauma in their respective childhoods or earlier in their relationship, Dr. Treadway will demonstrate how he explores the healing possibilities of utilizing EMDR adjunctively or independently. This workshop will particularly address ways couples can learn to be intimate and sexual, despite their inevitable tensions and trauma history. Participants will learn practical techniques and exercises for helping couples talk honestly about their sexual preferences and differences, be more playful with each other, and design their own solutions to sexual impasses. Dr. Treadway will also explore how couples can rekindle romance and bring spirituality into their erotic life together.

Keywords: Couples Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

206. Twombly, J. (2009). Height orientation. In M. Luber (Ed.), Eye movement desensitization (EMDR) scripted protocols: Special populations (pp. 249-250). New York: Springer Publishing Co.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Keywords: Height Orientation Protocol

Accuracy Verified: Yes

207. Ichii, M., Amano, T., & Yoshikawa, H. (2012, June). Hemodynamic responses during EMDR treatment of traumatic memory [Respuestas hemodinámicas durante el tratamiento de memorias traumáticas con EMDR]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In order to investigate brain activity during EMDR, 52-channel NIRS（near –infrared spectroscopy) and heart rate were measured in treating a traumatic memory of non-clinical twenty five year old woman. A target memory was sexually molestation by a stranger when she was ten years old, and forced to touch penis of perpetrator. And IES-R score was as low as 11. A well-experienced EMDR therapist (=M.I.) applied estandarized EMDR protocol. Negative cognition was “I am shameful person”, and positive cognition was ”I deserve to live.” The body location is both arms and hands. By thirty-seven sets of EM, 7.5 level of SUDs decreased to 0, and VOC went up from 3.5 to 7. The [oxy-Hb] change in right orbitofrontal cortex increased as the negative emotion went up, and decreased rapidly after processing. The [oxy-Hb] change in left orbitofrontal cortex decreased just after cognitive interweave of responsibility was done. The [oxy-Hb] variation in right temporal lobe increased rapidly, and the [oxy-Hb] change in left temporal lobe decreased when direction of EM was changed from horizontal to diagonal movement when negative imagery disappeared. Heart rate data show gradual decreasing tendency throughout the session. Within each set, heart rate also decreased by EM. By monitoring NIRS, various techniques or pivotal processes in EMDR may be supposed to influence brain. In order to confirm the relationship, we should collect data from more subjects.

Para poder investigar la actividad cerebral durante EMDR, se midieron la NIRS (espectroscopia cercana al infrarrojo) de 52 canales y el ritmo cardíaco para tratar los recuerdos traumático de una mujer no clínica de veinticinco años. Un recuerdo diana fue un abuso sexual de un extraño cuando tenía 10 años y el agresor la obligó a tocarle el pene. La puntuación del IES-‐R fue de 11. Un terapeuta EMDR con experiencia (=M.I.) aplicó el protocolo estándar de EMDR. La cognición negativa fue “Soy una persona vergonzosa”, y la cognición positiva fue ”Merezco vivir.” La localización corporal fue en ambos brazos y manos. Después de 37 sets de movimientos oculares, el SUD de 7,5 bajó a 0, y el VOC subió de un 3,5 a un 7. El cambio [oxy-‐Hb] en el córtex órbitofrontal derecho aumentó a medida que aumentaba la emoción negativa, y disminuyó rápidamente después del procesamiento. El cambio [oxy-‐Hb] en el córtex órbitofrontal izquierdo disminuyó justo después de hacerse un entrelazado cognitivo de responsabilidad. La variación [oxy-‐Hb] en el lóbulo temporal derecho aumentó rápidamente, y el cambio [oxy-‐Hb] en el lóbulo temporal izquierdo disminuyó al cambiar la dirección de los movimientos oculares de horizontal a diagonal cuando desapareció la imagen negativa. Los datos del ritmo cardíaco muestran una tendencia decreciente gradual a lo largo de la sesión. En cada una de las tandas, el ritmo cardíaco también disminuyó por los movimientos oculares. A través de monitorear el NIRS, se supone que diversas técnicas o procesos centrales en EMDR influyen en el cerebro. Para poder confirmar esta relación, deberíamos recolectar datos de más sujetos.

Keywords: Hemodynamic Responses

Accuracy Verified: Yes

208. Miller, B. (2005. November 21). The hidden abuse - Catholic church faces hurt with hope. Wilmington, DE: The News Journal, News, A1, A6.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
It took years of counseling and a process sometimes used with trauma victims called EMDR - Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing - for John Dougherty to remember the day Carley first raped him.

Keywords: Catholic Church Sexual Abuse Wilmington, DE

Accuracy Verified: Yes

209. van der Berg, D., van der Vleugel, P., & de Bont, P. (2013, June). How to treat trauma in psychosis. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Geneva, Switzerland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Research shows that the majority of people with hallucinations or delusions have been the victimized during childhood. Experiencing childhood trauma triples the chance of psychosis in adulthood. Cognitive research shows that negative basic ideas about self and others are important mediators of the relationship between trauma and psychosis. Paranoia appears to be related to childhood interpersonal victimisation and emotional neglect and auditory verbal hallucinations are strongly linked to childhood sexual abuse.
EMDR can be used to desensitize traumatic experiences that keep intruding into awareness with strong negative emotional valence (first method) and to target experiences that have led to negative core beliefs about self and others (second method). We have developed a model for implementing the two method approach of EMDR in a broader cognitive behavioural therapy for psychosis. The rationale of this model will be shown and conceptualizing EMDR for psychosis will be practiced. Clinical vignettes will be shown to illustrate EMDR for psychosis.
Learning objectives: Know that trauma influences psychotic symptoms, Understand how EMDR can influence paranoia and hallucinations, and Be able to conceptualize EMDR for these symptoms

Keywords: Psychosis

Accuracy Verified: Yes

210. Klaus, P. (2005, September). The impact of childhood sexual abuse on childbearing: EMDR and other therapeutic interventions. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Seattle, WA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Childhood abuse memories can be activated at significant developmental periods or at stressful life events. Childbearing is especially vulnerable due perhaps to uncontrollable factors such as rapid changes in the woman's body, uncertainty and pain of labor, numerous invasive procedures, coping with medical professionals who are strangers with authority and power, and responsibility for a tiny, dependent infant. Participants will identify symptoms that may be exhibited during childbearing, recognize specific triggers that activate abuse memories and interfere with birth or parenting, and learn how to incorporate EMDR with specific interventions to help survivors reduce fears, minimize htrggers, promote healing and bonding.

Keywords: Child Bearing Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

211. Forgash, C. A. (2003, May). Improving child sexual abuse survivor’s health with integrated EMDR & ego state treatment. In Attachment and complex trauma. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Rome, Italy.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Attachment Theory Complex PTSD, Ego State Therapy Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

212. Forgash, C. A. (2003, September). Improving survivor’s health with integrated EMDR and ego state treatment. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop will present an EMDR and Ego State integrated approach dealing with the health problems of child sexual abuse survivors (CSAS). These problems are exacerbated by dissociative and PTSD symptoms and may have affected clients accessing health care. These complex clients require tri-phased treatment approach which includes an extended preparation phase (to help CSAS manage triggers and avoid retraumatization in the healthcare setting) desensitization and reprocessing of earlier trauma, including both sexual abuse and medical situations, and the future template phase where consumer skills development will be planned, rehearsed and installed. The workshop will include handouts, bibliography, and a slide presentation.

Keywords: Ego State Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

213. Bluthgen, C., & Pomeranec, E. (2007, Novembro). Incidencia del trauma temprano en conflictos de pareja [Impact of trauma early in marital conflict] . Apresentação no I Congresso Ibero-Americano de EMDR, Brasilia, Brasil.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Objetivos de aprendizagem: • Este trabajo enfoca el impacto de experiencias traumáticas tempranas, especialmente abuso sexual infantil, en relaciones de pareja disfuncionales y en el conflicto marital.

Aprendizagem objectives: • This study addresses the impact of experiences early traumatic, especially child sexual abuse in relationships dysfunctional and marital conflict.

Keywords: Marital Conflict

Accuracy Verified: Yes

214. Magirena, S. (2009, Julio 7). Incorporación de EMDR en la terapia sexual. Caso clínico de vaginismo [Incorporating EMDR in sex therapy. Case report of vaginismus]. DePsicoterapias S.R.L. Retrieved from http://www.depsicoterapias.com/articulo.asp?IdArticulo=454 om 1/4/2009.

Language: Spanish

Format: Journal

Abstract:
El vaginismo es una de las causas más frecuentes de matrimonio no consumado y fobia al coito. Es preciso diferenciar el vaginismo de la evitación fóbica del acto sexual y también de cualquier causa orgánica que pueda obstruir la entrada de la vagina. Por lo tanto es imprescindible el examen ginecológico de la paciente. A pesar del desarrollo y relativa proliferación de los tratamientos psicológicos para las disfunciones sexuales desde los trabajos pioneros de Masters y Johnson (1970), y a pesar del convencimiento de los psicólogos clínicos de la eficacia de estos tratamientos, la verdad es que existen pocos tratamientos empíricamente validados. En el caso de las mujeres el panorama no ha sido muy alentador, salvo el empleo de terapia hormonal en los trastornos del deseo, no es mucho lo que se ha avanzado.

Vaginismus is one of the most common causes of unconsummated marriage and sex phobia. We must distinguish vaginismus phobic avoidance of sexual intercourse and also any organic cause that may prevent the entrance of the vagina. Therefore it is essential to the gynecological examination of the patient. Despite the development and proliferation on psychological treatments for sexual dysfunction from the pioneering work of Masters and Johnson (1970), despite the belief of clinicians of the effectiveness of these treatments, the truth is that there are few treatments empirically validated. For women the situation has not been very encouraging, but the use of hormone therapy in disorders of desire, not much progress has been made.

Keywords: Sex Therapy Vaginismus

Accuracy Verified: Yes

215. Twombly, J. (2004, September). Incorporating EMDR and EMDR adaptations into the treatment of dissociative disorders. Presentation at the annual mmeting of the EMDR International Association, Montreal, Quebec Canada.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop offers ways to incorporate Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing in the treatment of clients with Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID). Dissociative Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (DDNOS) and ego state work. DID and DDNOS are complex disorders suffered by clients who have often experienced multiple childhood traumas. Used carefully. EMDR and EMDR adaptations can accelerate the treatment process. A liability is that its introject use can accelerate decompensation. This workshop offers suggested uses of EMDR and EMDR adaptations to facilitate Stabilization, orientation to the present, decrease some negative transferences and to provide a protective format far processing traumatic material.

Keywords: Dissociative Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

216. Baldwin, D. (1997). Innovation, controversy, and consensus in traumatology. Traumatology, 3(1), 7-22. doi:10.1177/153476569700300103.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Controversy follows innovation and threats to the status quo in many social domains, including the sciences. This article briefly summarizes information from the philosophy of science and data from studies of conflict in diverse fields. It then introduces two independent contemporary controversies in traumatology -- a new clinical method called EMDR and the Final Report of the APA Working Group on memories of childhood abuse -- and considers them within a broader context of the historical rift between psychological research and practice. The aim is to step outside the frame of specific conflicts and identify differences in philosophical orientation and values that contribute to communication difficulties and associated conflict between partisans. Approaches are offered toward building consensus within the field. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Child Abuse Commentary False Memory Rape Scientific Research Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

217. Colt, K. M., & Marvasti, J. A. (2004). Innovative therapies for trauma related disorders: TARGET, TREM, and EMDR. In J. A. Marvasti (Ed.), Psychiatric treatment of victims and survivors of sexual trauma: A neuro-bio-psychological approach (pp. 73-95). Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas Publisher.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
In this chapter, Marvasti and Colt explore the victims' response to trauma and examine nontraditional treatment models for psychological trauma. The TARGET model (Trauma Adaptive Recovery Group Education and Therapy) of treatment focuses on current symptoms. Treatment is aimed at helping the victim move from maladaptive patterns of thought and behavior toward healthy ways of managing life. TREM (Trauma Recovery and Empowerment Model) was created to assist disempowered female victims of trauma to develop self-esteem and coping skills. EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) is a set of protocols designed to decrease the symptoms of traumatic stress by use of rhythmic movements and cognitive restructuring. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Emotional Trauma Empowerment Female Victims Group Education and Therapy Group Psychotherapy Human Females Models Nontraditional Treatment Models Psychological Trauma Sexual Abuse Symptoms Treatment Victimization

Accuracy Verified: Yes

218. Twombly, J. (2009). Installation and transmission of current time and life orientation. In M. Luber (Ed.), Eye movement desensitization (EMDR) scripted protocols: Special populations (pp. 243-248). New York: Springer Publishing Co.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Keywords: Current Time and Life Orientation Protocol

Accuracy Verified: Yes

219. Parnell, L. (2010, September/October). Integrating an attachment repair orientation into EMDR treatment for clients with relational trauma. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR International Association, Minneapolis, MN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Clients who have experienced childhood traumas that have impacted their sense of safety and capacity to form close emotional relationships in adulthood require adjustments to the EMDR phases and procedural steps. These relational traumas can include childhood physical or sexual abuse, neglect, early losses, birth trauma, medical trauma, caregiver misattunement and vicarious trauma. In order for EMDR therapists to be most successful with this population it is important to incorporate an attachment repair orientation into the therapy. Through lecture, case examples, and video clips, participants will learn how an attachment-repair orientation can be integrated into all phases of EMDR treatment.

Keywords: Attachment Repair Orientation Relational Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

220. Parnell, L. (2012, June). Integrating an attachment repair orientation into EMDR treatment for clients with relational trauma [EMDR centrado en el apego: Curar el trauma relacional]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Attachment-‐focused EMDR is a new model of EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) developed over a period of nineteen years by psychologist and EMDR trainer Dr. Laurel Parnell that adapts this powerful and effective trauma therapy to the needs of clients with attachment wounds. In this workshop you will learn how the standard EMDR protocol can be modified so that it flows more easily, supports client safety, maintains the therapeutic connection and enhances attunement. Attachment-‐focused EMDR is client-‐centered and emphasizes a reparative therapeutic relationship, using a combination of Resource Tapping (Parnell, 2008) to strengthen clients, EMDR to process traumas and talk therapy to help integrate the information from the EMDR sessions and to provide healing from therapist-‐client interaction. In this workshop Dr. Parnell will present the five basic principles of Attachment-‐ Focused EMDR and how they are implemented in the treatment of traumatized clients with attachment wounds. Case material and video clips of sessions will be used to illustrate key points.

El EMDR centrado en el apego es un nuevo modelo de EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) desarrollado a lo largo de diecinueve años por la psicóloga y formadora de EMDR Dra. Laurel Parnell y que adapta esta terapia de trauma potente y efectiva a las necesidades de clientes que sufren heridas de apego. En este taller, se aprenderá cómo se puede modificar el protocolo de EMDR de tal forma que fluye con mayor facilidad, apoya la seguridad del cliente, mantiene la conexión terapéutica y mejora la sintonía (attunement). Attachment-‐focused EMDR se centra en el cliente y refuerza una relación terapéutica reparadora, con una combinación de Recursos de Tapping (Resource Tapping) (Parnell, 2008) para fortalecer a los clientes, EMDR para procesar los traumas y “talk therapy” (terapia hablada) para contribuir a integrar la información de las sesiones de EMDR y para proporcionar la curación derivada de la interacción entre terapeuta y el cliente. En este taller, la Dra. Parnell presentará los cinco principios básicos de Attachment-‐Focused EMDR y cómo se implementan en el tratamiento de clientes traumatizados y con heridas de apego. Se presentará material sobre los casos y vídeos de las sesiones para ilustrar los puntos más importantes.

Keywords: Attachment Repair Relational Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

221. Forgash, C. (2006, November). Integrating EMDR and ego state treatment: Addressing dissociation and PTSD in adult sexual abuse survivors and their negative impact on physical health. Presentation at the International Society for the Study of Dissociation Fall Conference, Los Angeles, CA .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Dissociation Ego State Therapy Physical Health Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Sexual Abuse Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

222. Zangwill, W. M. (2000, September). Integrating EMDR with sexual and relationship therapy. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Toronto, Ontario Canada.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will: 1) increase their knowledge of sexual and relationship problems; 2) increase their ability to accurately assess sexual and relationship problems; 3) increase their comfort in working with sexual issues; and 4) increase their effectiveness in working with sexual and relationship issues.

Keywords: Relationship Therapy Sexual Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

223. Aloisio, T. M. F. (2012, October). Integrating structural Bowen theory and EMDR: Healing trauma and sexual disorders after a rape suffered. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Arlington, VA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The couple was assaulted by four men, one appeared to be a minor. They forced the couple into their own car and raped the wife, forcing the husband to watch the rape under gunpoint.
With both parents assaulted and raped, the family reported a history of sexual trauma and underwent an EMDR therapy in addition to Bowen theory.
They presented the following symptoms: The wife: episodes of panic, depression, insomnia and nightmares, anorgasmia and vaginismus. The husband: anxiety disorder, insomnia, intrusive negative thoughts, premature ejaculation and erectile difficulties. The children: Larissa - difficultues in sleeping and concentrating in her studies. Yago - nocturnal enuresis and difficulty sleeping alone in his bedroom.
The EMDR standard protocol was used to clear the trauma within the relationship as well as with outside relationships. Experiences from before and after the rape were also targeted, as well as differentiation in the couple, including unsatisfactory sex.
There were nine encounters, during nine weeks, with an average of three hours each.
Follow up data from the couple was obtaained after six months.

Keywords: Bowen Theory Poster Rape Sexual Disorders Victim

Accuracy Verified: Yes

224. Norcross, N. C., & Shapiro, F. (2002). Integration and EMDR. In F. Shapiro (Ed.), EMDR as an integrative psychotherapy approach: Experts of diverse orientations explore the paradigm prism (1st ed.) (pp. 341-356). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
EMDR is a psychotherapy phenomenon that has been confronted with multiple paradoxes. Its title explicitly invokes “eye movements,” but the extant research now suggests that eye movements are not the only means of invoking the central mechanism of therapeutic action (see Shapiro, 1995, 2001). The early EMDR training was criticized as closed and unduly restrictive, yet the formal training course has now been completed by more than 30,000 mental health professionals. The EMDR procedure emerged from personal observations outside the scientific academy, yet EMDR is currently the most extensively researched treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; Maxfield & Hyer, 2002; Van Etten & Taylor, 1998). And EMDR originated from a rather narrow behavioral orientation but has evolved into a leading integrative treatment.

Keywords: Psychotherapy Psychotherapy Integration

Accuracy Verified: Yes

225. Lyhus, K. E. (2003, April). Integration of EMDR with other therapeutic approaches: A survey investigation. Catholic University of America, Washington, DC. AAT 3067496.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
The present study examined assimilative integration, i.e., when techniques from various therapeutic approaches are imported into a single, consistent theoretical framework. Specifically, the aim of this study was to investigate how Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), a manualized therapeutic approach originally developed as a treatment for traumatic memories, is incorporated into clinical practice. In assimilative integration, elements of the EMDR protocol would be expected to be conceptualized and possibly modified in ways that are consistent with the therapist's theoretical framework. A survey design, using web-based questionnaires, was implemented to gather information from therapists who use EMDR. Therapists responded to a broad range of questions regarding their theoretical orientation, involvement in EMDR organizations, and practice of EMDR. A large sample (N = 532) was obtained, and results demonstrated that most therapists integrated EMDR with other therapeutic methods. Further, there was some evidence that therapists were practicing assimilative integration. Specifically, therapists typically added methods consistent with their primary theoretical orientation and conceptualized the effective elements of EMDR as those that were most consistent with their orientation. Most therapists reported using most of the elements of the EMDR protocol, perhaps reflecting the high level of interest in EMDR among therapists in the sample. However, there were some differences related to therapists' level of commitment to EMDR. For example, members of the EMDR International Association used more elements of the protocol and were more likely to report that they did not combine other methods with EMDR when compared to nonmembers. The diagnosis of the client was also an important factor in how EMDR was integrated into treatment. For example, therapists treating clients with PTSD were more likely to report on their use of EMDR as the primary therapeutic approach and to integrate cognitive/behavioral methods than were those treating clients with other disorders. This study was among the first to examine the process of assimilative integration. The findings show that psychotherapy integration varies by therapists' base theoretical orientation, client factors, and therapists' commitment to the treatment method being integrated. [Author Abstract] Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 63(10-B), Apr 2003, pp. 4912.

Keywords: Assimulative Integration Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Traumatic Memories

Accuracy Verified: Yes

226. Korn, D. (1995, June). Integrative and strategic utilization of EMDR in treating survivors of sexual abuse. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This presentation will focus on integrating EMDR into an overall treatment plan and utilizing EMDR in conjunction with other cognitive behavioral approaches. Strategic utilization of EMDR to move clients through the various stages of recovery will be discussed. 1) In the first stage of treatment, safety, stabilization, coping, and development of a strong therapeutic relationship are emphasized. Treatment focuses on decreasing (1) suicidal and parasuicidal behavior, (2) treatment - interfering behavior, and (3) quality-of-life-interfering behavior (Linehan, 1993). Efforts are made to assist the client in developing a repertoire of cognitive-behavioral coping skills; relevant skills address grounding, trigger awareness, basic self - care, mindfullness, distress tolerance, affect regulation, assertiveness, relaxation, self - monitoring, stress inoculation, and cognitive restructuring. At this stage, EMDR can be used to shift negative cognitions which interfere with commitment to treatment, skill development, and the restoration of hope. The following are examples of negative cognitions whlch interfere with first stage stabilization goals: - I will only get acknowledgment of my pain if I act out. - I don't deserve to feel better. - If I take care of myself, no one will know I hurt. - I'm pathetic, a failure. - I will die/go crazy fiom these feelings. - I can never do anything right. - I can't stand this feeling. I must cut myself. - Don't trust anyone or anything. Newly learned information about coping can be reinforced and further integrated in the course of an EMDR session. Clients can be encouraged to notice their ability to tolerate affect and to practice their assertiveness skills, grounding skills, mindfulness skills, etc. 2) In the second stage of treatment, the focus is on processing traumatic memories and decreasing behaviors related to post-traumatic stress. EMDR interventions can be designed to assist clients with specific recovery tasks or issues: - fear/terror and associated avoidance - sense of powerlessnesshelplessness - responsibility/accountability - safety - self, others, environment - self-esteem/self as bad, defective, unlovable - lack of individuation - dependency - anger - grief/mouming - trust/mistrust - fear of abandonment - guilt/self-blame - shame/self-loathing With regard to each of these issues, maladaptive schemas can be addressed via effective cognitive interweave strategies. Ideas for supplementing EMDR work with written assignments, imagery exercises, recovery rituals, and planned in vivo exposure will be discussed. Strategies for handling possible problems, obstacles, or resistance at this stage will also be noted. Finally, the role of ongoing assessment and data collection in making decisions about EMDR targets will be addressed. 3) In the third stage of treatment, the emphasis is on personal development and increased connection with others. Recovery tasks and issues addressed via EMDR include: - Increasing intimacy and healthy connections - Increasing self-esteem - Increasing self-efficacy and sense of mastery - Reclaiming sexuality - Increasing self-efficacy and sense of mastery - Identity exploration and development - Establishing goals, initiating new projects, and taking reasonable risks At this stage, EMDR can be useful in detecting remnants of shame, fear, etc. In addition, EMDR can be used to reduce anxiety and increase confidence as a client sets his/her sights on the future and prepares to face new and challenging situations. EMDR can aid in the generalization of skills and adaptive schemas across time and place. It can facilitate the integration of a new, more positive and vital self-image. The presentation will conclude with a videotape case presentation highlighting relevant recovery tasks and issues in applying EMDR at a specific stage of treatment.

Keywords: Sexual Abuse Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

227. Ringel, S. (2012). An integrative model in trauma treatment - utilizing eye movement desensitization and reprocessing and a relational approach with adult survivors of sexual abuse. Psychoanalytic Psychology. doi:10.1037/a0030044.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The aim of this article is to offer an integrative approach in the treatment of adult survivors of sexual abuse. The treatment orientation is psychodynamic and intersubjective and will draw on three conceptual models: (a) a developmental model based on current attachment research, (b) current neuroscience findings concerning traumatic memory that emphasize sensory, affective, and implicit knowing in the understanding and treatment of trauma, and (c) eye movement desensitization and reprocessing as an adjunctive technique to help access traumatic memories. The author will summarize each theoretical perspective and will provide a case illustration to demonstrate a treatment approach that incorporates all three modalities.

Keywords: Adults Relational Approach Sexual Abuse Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

228. Maxfield, L. (2007). Integrative treatment of intrafamilial child sexual abuse. In F. Shaprio, F. W. Kaslow, & L. Maxfield (Eds.), Handbook of EMDR and family therapy processes (pp. 344-364). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
This chapter discusses childhood sexual abuse (CSA); the role of the family after disclosure; theoretical conceptualizations; and family systems therapy and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) in the treatment of CSA. A combination of family therapy and EMDR can provide thorough comprehensive treatment for the child and nonoffending family members. The integrated treatment process developed by this author has four stages, as further discussed here. To simplify, the family situation is configured as a nonoffending protective mother with a child abused by the mother's husband or live-in boyfriend. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Childhood Sexual Abuse Family Systems Theory Family Systems Therapy Family Therapy Integrative Psychotherapy Integrative Treatment Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

229. Treadway, D. C. (2008, September). Intimacy and healing: Utilizing EMDR in couples therapy. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Phoenix, AZ.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Many couples struggle with intimacy and sexuality issues, often, due to the harm done to one or both members of the couple by emotional and sexual abuse from their early childhoods. Dr. Treadway, who specializes in working with couples, will discuss how he utilizes adjunctive short term EMDR in his work with couples and their PTSD issues. Treadway will discuss both referring a member of a couple out for EMDR around their trauma issues so that they might have the privacy of a relationship with EMDR specialist, as well as the value of bringing an EMDR therapist into couples therapy as a consultation and piece of work with one or both members of the couple. Although not an EMDR practitioner himself, Dr. Treadway has profound respect for the therapeutic power of EMDR to clear significant trauma and help clients separate their past pain from their present lives and relationships. Dr. Treadway will also discuss how to integrate the deep healing work into the couple’s relationship in order to enhance their experience of a deep, compassionate, loving connection.

Keywords: Couples Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

230. Snyder, M. (1996, December). Intimate partners: A context for the intensification and healing of emotional pain. Women and Therapy, 19(3), 79-92. doi:10.1300/J015v19n03_08.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
A case of a lesbian couple is presented in which one partner experienced early sexual abuse and the other a series of major losses (beginning with the death of her mother) in early childhood. The first partner developed an alcohol addiction and the second a high level of emotional lability and some practices of self-harm. Both partners developed dissociative patterns. The couple is now in a committed relationship and have continued in therapy for the last 9 months, with sessions gradually becoming less frequent. The therapeutic work has included the "externalization" of the problem(s), some individual work within the couple session using Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), and a strong emphasis on the development of empathic skill through the technique of "becoming" the other person. The case reveals the way in which a primary relationship often surfaces intense unresolved feelings and dysfunctional relationship practices, and also the way in which emotional commitment and a structure for the couple becoming therapeutic agents to each other allows for a deep level of healing. The couple comments on their relationship process and the therapeutic process as part of the article. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Americans Case Report Child Abuse Family Therapy Females Homosexuals Incest Interpersonal Interaction Psychiatric Disorders Rape Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

231. Miller, K. (2013, May). The intricacies of time orientation: Going beyond “What year is this? . Presentation at the annual EMDR Canada Conference, Banff, Alberta CAN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Dual attention is necessary for successful EMDR trauma reprocessing. This implies the client has sufficient time orientation, knowing the feelings are from a memory and the event is not happening now. Complex trauma and PTSD’s component of flashbacks and reliving requires that clinicians have a myriad of time orientation skills readily available when needed. EMDR therapists need to be especially attentive to this issue because of the high intensity of affect EMDR can stimulate. This 90 minute workshop will teach the art and intricacies of time orientation within an EMDR framework. Lecture, case transcripts and video clips will show the power, depth and art of time orientation skills. Learning Objectives: • Describe the theoretical reason why time orientation skills are • Necessary when using EMDR with PTSD and complex trauma • Describe the EMDR Standard Protocol Phase where the majority of time orientation interventions are used. • Describe 5 ways to time orient a client • Understand the power of time orientation to stabilize a client when using EMDR.

Keywords: Orientation Interventions Time Orientation Skills

Accuracy Verified: Yes

232. Farrell, D. (2005, June). An investigation into participants’ experiences of EMDR training and the implications for future developments in the teaching and learning of EMDR. In Teaching EMDR. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Brussels, Belgium.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This study investigates the experiences of participants (N=103) who had undertaken EMDR Level 1 or 2 training in Ireland. The audit ascertained participant's core profession, main psychological treatment orientation, present utilization of EMDR within current clinical practice, number of clients treated, types of referral issues, average number of sessions, and provision for clinical supervision. In addition participants provided feedback as to their views on their EMDR training experience. EMDR trainings were criticised in areas which included participant involvement, group practicum's, competency and fitness to practice, clinical supervision, post training professional development, and the lack of any systems of assessment of either knowledge or application of EMDR. The findings were integrated into the development of a university based EMDR training at Masters Degree level with multiple modes of assessment.

Keywords: Symposium Training

Accuracy Verified: Yes

233. Puliatti, M. (2008, Novembre). L'EMDR nel trattamento del dolore uro-genitale [EMDR in the treatment of uro-genital pain]. Presentazione le Applicazioni Cliniche del EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
La rilevazione di disturbi uro-ginecologici è in costante crescita, è ciò probabilmente a causa della maggiore attenzione che i clinici dimostrano nei confronti di disturbi variegatati, a volte quasi impalpabili, ma che possono anche dimostrarsi invalidanti. Oltre al vaginismo e alla dispareunia, ben noti nella letteratura scientifica da decenni, crescente interesse stanno dimostrando disturbi come la cistite interstiziale, il dolore pelvico e la vulvodinia. Complessivamente considerati, la componente psicosomatica di tali disturbi viene abbondantemente confermata dalla letteratura. A prescindere dagli approcci più chiaramente monolaterali e riduttivi, si nota nella letteratura un interesse consolidato per una terapia che sia per definizione integrata: ginecologica/riabilitativa, psicoeducazionale, sessuologica e psicoterapeutica. L’EMDR si propone in questo ambito clinico come uno strumento di straordinaria versatilità, potendo infatti intervenire sia a livello delle cause remote (eventi stressanti/traumatici, educazione sessuale distorta, etc.), che delle contingenze attuali che mantengono o peggiorano la sintomatologia, offrendo inoltre la possibilità di intervenire direttamente sia sul dolore inteso come sintomo, che sugli scenari futuri connotati negativamente dalla paziente, che frequentemente sono connessi alla percezione del dolore stesso. Infine, si rivela di particolare utilità nel caso in cui il dolore sia correlato a difficoltà relazionali caratterizzate da scarsa assertività. Nell’ambito del Workshop verranno approfondite le seguenti tematiche: • Diagnosi differenziale tra i differenti tipi di dolore uro-ginecologico. • Valutazione dell’eziologia multifattoriale: cause biologiche, psicosessuali, relazionali e presenza di eventi traumatici. • Ruolo dell’abuso sessuale. • Meccanismi psicofisiologici nell’insorgenza dei disturbi: il ruolo della tensione muscolare. • Caratteristiche psicologiche della donna che presenta dolore uro-ginecologico. • Strumenti di screening psicodiagnostico. • Cenni sulle principali strategie di valutazione e di intervento uro-ginecologiche e farmacologiche • Pianificazione e fasi del trattamento con l’EMDR, e loro integrazione con differenti approcci psicoterapeutici: aree di indagine, aspetti psicoeducazionali, tecniche sessuologiche specifiche, target caratteristici, l’utilizzo dell’EMDR nelle differenti fasi del trattamento.

The detection of uro-gynecological disorders is growing, this is probably due to the increased attention that clinicians demonstrate against variegatati disorders, sometimes almost intangible, but can also prove crippling. In addition to vaginismus and dyspareunia, well known in the scientific literature for decades, are showing increasing interest in disorders such as interstitial cystitis, pelvic pain and vulvodynia. Overall, the psychosomatic component of these disorders is abundantly confirmed by the literature. Apart from unilateral and reductionist approaches more clearly, there is a vested interest in literature for a treatment that is by definition integrated: gynecological / rehabilitation, psycho-educational, sexology and psychotherapy. EMDR is proposed in this clinical setting as an instrument of extraordinary versatility, allowing it to intervene at the level of remote causes (stressful events / trauma, distorted sex education, etc..) That the current quotas that maintain or worsen the symptoms, offering the possibility to intervene directly understood as a symptom is pain, which adversely on future scenarios of patient characteristics, which are frequently associated with pain perception itself. Finally, it proves particularly useful in cases where the pain is related to interpersonal difficulties characterized by lack of assertiveness. As part of the workshop will examine the following issues: • Differential diagnosis between different types of pain, uro-gynecology. • Evaluation multifactorial etiology: biological, psychosexual, relationship and presence of traumatic events. • Role of sexual abuse. • psychophysiological mechanisms in the onset of the disorder: the role of muscle tension. • Psychological characteristics of women with uro-gynecological pain. • psycho-diagnostic screening tools. • Work on the main strategies for assessment and intervention uro-gynecological and pharmacological • Planning and stages of treatment with EMDR, and their integration with different psychotherapeutic approaches: areas of inquiry, psychoeducational aspects, technical sexological specific target features, using EMDR in different stages of treatment.

Keywords: Urogenital Pain

Accuracy Verified: Yes

234. Seijo, N. (2011, Julio). La distorsion de la imagen corporal en TCA y EMDR [The distortion of body image in eating disorders and EMDR]. En Aplicación de EMDR en el tratamiento de distintos trastornos (Francisca García Guerrero, Coordinadora). Simposio realizado en el IX Congreso Nacional de Psicología Clínica, San Sebastián, España.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Los trastornos de la conducta alimenticia (TCA), entre los cuales está la anorexia y la bulimia nerviosas, constituyen un problema de salud emergente que tiene un fuerte impacto en nuestra sociedad. La problemática de estos trastornos es tan variada y multifactorial que exige una atención y actuación que incluya los aspectos clínicos, familiares, pero también culturales, sociales y especialmente, educativos. Nos encontramos ante un síndrome diagnóstico de origen complejo y afectación multidimensional, cuyo tratamiento debe ser capaz de llegar desde la superficie al fondo de su etiología. Todo lo que nos han dicho que somos y como nos han dicho que somos se vincula a nuestra imagen, detrás de esto hay todo un significado que en las personas con TCA cobra una relevancia mayor porque se acaba convirtiendo en el centro de sus vidas alrededor de lo que giran, de lo que proyectan sus dolor, su falta de conexión con el mundo y en lo que se acaba convirtiendo en su mundo distorsionado. Los elementos de trabajo que aparecen en el tratamiento de personas con TCA son el deseo de delgadez, el control y la vergüenza, TCC, reacciones defensivas condicionadas, imagen corporal, dificultades de apego, maltrato físico, sexual, negligencia, disociación, descontrol de los impulsos, TCA como anestesia emocional, automutilaciones, necesidad de límites, etiquetas, personaje, figura masculina de apego, familias disfuncionales, etc. (Quílez, 2009). Los profesionales que trabajan con TCA disponen en el EMDR de un modelo psicológico capaz de dar una respuesta eficaz a estos pacientes. El objetivo de esta comunicación es el explicar como se puede trabajar con EMDR para poder tomar conciencia de unos de las partes mas nucleares en el trabajo de los TCA como es la toma de conciencia del cuerpo real y llegar a la aceptación del mismo.

The feeding behavior disorders (ED), one of which is anorexia and bulimia nervosa, are an emerging health problem that has a strong impact on our society. The problem of these disorders is as varied and multifactorial requiring attention and action, including the clinical, family, but also cultural, social and especially educational. We are facing a syndrome diagnosis of complex origin and multidimensional impairment, its treatment should be able to reach from the surface to the bottom of its etiology. All you have told us that we are and how we have been told that we are linking our image, behind this there is a whole meaning that people with TCA charges a higher relevance because it ends up turning into the center of their lives around so they spin, what project their pain, their lack of connection to the world and when it eventually becomes distorted your world. Work items that appear in the treatment of patients with eating disorders are the desire for thinness, control and shame, TCC, conditioned defensive reactions, body image, attachment difficulties, abuse physical, sexual, neglect, dissociation, poor impulse control, emotional eating disorders as anesthesia, self-mutilation, need for limits, labels, character, male figure of attachment, dysfunctional families, etc.. (Quílez, 2009). Professionals working with eating disorders have the EMDR model psychologically able to respond effectively to these patients. The objective of this communication is to explain how EMDR can work with in order to make awareness of some of the most nuclear parts of the TCA work as awareness of the real body and reach acceptance.

Keywords: Eating Disorders Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

235. Giard, M. (2009, May). La guérison, par l’EMDR, des femmes abusées sexuellement durant l’enfance [Women healing childhood sexual abuse with EMDR]. Presentation at the EMDR Canada Conference, Vancouver, British Columbia Canada .

Language: French

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Do you recognize the signs that a survivor of childhood sexual abuse may not be able to talk about the abuse and yet may be suffering from it? What are some of the risks that a survivor of childhood sexual abuse may encounter when using EMDR? During this workshop you will understand how the brain stores trauma—freeze, fight, flight responses—with an emphasis on dissociation and hypervigilance as coping mechanisms. The second part of the workshop will include practicing with EMDR and alternating techniques such as anchorage, strength-building (Tomlinson, 2008), remembering and healing childhood sexual abuse.

Keywords: Childhood Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

236. Baker, J. (2002, April 22). Lawrence therapists work with EMDR process to offer a different direction in healing. Lawrence, KS: Lawrence Journal-World.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
"They used it initially with Vietnam vets (suffering from PTSD). We use it a lot now with sexual traumas. Now, the one thing I really like about EMDR, if anybody is really stuck in therapy, it can serve as a wonderful way to go in, try it and see if you can get unstuck, even if you're not working with a trauma," said Ed Bloch, a licensed specialist clinical social worker. Bloch and his wife, Jena Bloch, a licensed clinical marriage family therapist, own the Life Enrichment Center, 5200 Bob Billings Parkway.

Keywords: General Lawrence Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

237. Tofani, L. R. (2006, March). Le famiglie cosiddette multiproblematiche. Trauma e intervento integrato con EMDR [The so-called multiproblematic family. Trauma and intervention integrated with EMDR]. Terapia Familiare, 80, 35-59.

Language: Italian

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Famiglie multiproblematiche sono un obiettivo difficile per qualsiasi approccio terapeutico a causa della rilevanza delle esperienze traumatiche per tutti i membri della famiglia. Essi vengono sostituiti con maltrattamenti, uso di sostanze o altri comportamenti illeciti, abusi sessuali e il problema principale è quello di superare i danni di attaccamento disorganizzato e per interrompere il ciclo della violenza psicosociale e trascuratezza. Nell'esempio riportato, terapia familiare sistemi indirizzata alla realtà ecologica di queste famiglie è stato integrato con EMDR, un approccio metodologico specifico per traumi, e questo ha rafforzato i risultati attesi solo con la terapia familiare. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, tutti i diritti riservati)

Multiproblem families are a difficult target for any therapeutic approach because of the high relevance of traumatic experiences for all family members. They are overridden with maltreatment, substance use or other illegal behavior, sexual abuse and the main problem is to overcome damage from disorganized attachment and to interrupt the cycle of psychosocial violence and child neglect. In the example reported, family systems therapy addressed to the ecological reality of these families has been integrated with EMDR, a methodological approach specific for trauma, and this has strengthened the expected outcome using only family therapy. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Family Members Family Therapy Family Integrated Services Intervention Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

238. Robinson, N. S. (2012, June). Legacy informed EMDR: Promote positive and desensitize negative core beliefs stemming from transgenerational and cultural sources [Legado informado EMDR: Promover positivo y desensibilizar a las creencias negativas que se derivan de las fuentes principales transgeneracionales y cultural]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Ancestral, familial and cultural factors often become embedded and can lay the foundation of core negative beliefs and symptomatology. Legacy informed EMDR introduces the idea that EMDR can be utilized to reconsolidate transgenerational roots of symptomatology. The workshop outlines how to use EMDR to: 1) promote a positive core belief by accessing legacy-based resources 2) desensitize legacy-based maladaptive beliefs, traumatic events and emotional baggage 3)help clients develop an affirming coherent life narrative. This integrative approach is informed by a wide range of recent, notable researchers in the fields of neurobiology, attachment, and family systems (Siegel,1999, 2010; Main,1990; Boszormenyi-Nagy,1984; White, M. & Epston, D,1990). The workshop addresses how to incorporate legacy informed work into the standard 8-phase, 3-pronged protocol. Phase 1 includes an extended genogram. A core positive cognition is elicited and a VOC is taken as part of goal setting. Legacy based resources are developed for preparation and RDI. The standard protocol is used to desensitize traumatic targets. Access to ancestral, familial and cultural beliefs and information is gained with an EMDR time-line similar to that used in Maureen Kitchur’s Strategic Developmental Model (Kitchur, 2005). Clinicians can complete a course of EMDR therapy by reconsolidating threads from the distant past, remembered past, current being and future vision. Material often emerges and is reprocessed relating to race, gender, disabilities, sexual orientation and socio-economic dynamics as well as trauma and oppression. This legacy workshop is practice oriented and is anecdotally based on the presenter’s clinical work.

Factores ancestrales, familiares y culturales en muchas ocasiones se ensamblan y pueden llevar a la formación de creencias irracionales y sintomatología. El Legado informado EMDR introduce la idea de que el EMDR puede ser utilizado para reconsolidar las raíces transgeneracionales de la sintomatología. El taller revisa como usar el EDMR para: (1) Promover las creencias positivas accediendo a los recursos basados en el legado (2) Desensibiliza mediante el legado las creencias desadaptativas, eventos traumáticos y bagaje emocional. (3) Mantener el desarrollo de los clientes y afirmar la coherencia narrativa de la vida. Este enfoque integrativo esta creado a partir de un amplio espectro de recientes e importantes investigaciones en los campos de la neurobiología, apego y sistemas familiares(Siegel,1999, 2010; Main,1990; Boszormenyi-‐Nagy,1984; White, M. & Epston, D,1990). Este taller muestra como incorporar el legado informado al trabajo de las 8 fases, con el protocolo de 3 flancos. La fase uno incluye un árbol genealógico. Una cognición positiva es elicitada y el VOC es cogido como parte de una meta. Los recursos basados en el legado son desarrollados para la preparación y el RDI. El protocolo estándar es usado para desensibilizar los recuerdos diana. Acceder a los recuerdos ancestrales, familiares y culturales y la información proporcionada por el EMDR a tiempo real es similar en la usada por el modelo de desarrollo estratégico de Maureen Kitchur(Kitchur, 2005). Los clínicos pueden completar el curso de EMDR reconsolidando estos enunciados del pasado distante, pasado recordado, presente y visión futura. A menudo el material surge y es reprocesado en función a la raza, genero, discapacidad, orientación sexual y dinámicas socioeconómicas como el trauma y la opresión. Este taller de legado es una práctica orientada y esta basada de manera anecdótica en el trabajo clínico del ponente.

Keywords: Core Beliefs Cultural Transgenerational

Accuracy Verified: Yes

239. Merlis, D. (1998, June 2). Letters. Washington, DC: The Washington Post.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
The Wave of a Hand "Can Trauma Be Relieved By the Wave of a Hand" {Cover Story, April 21} was a disappointment in that it failed to inform the reader about many important developments taking place not only related to Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy but in the neurosciences in general. Many leading traumatologists are using EMDR and endorse it as an important part of the multi-modal treatment of complex traumatic stress disorders. The article included a statement, "desperate people believe in desperate things," that is very disrespectful of the many thousands of trauma victims who have suffered and found relief with EMDR treatment. EMDR is not a magical and painless process. The individuals who have used EMDR to recover have worked very hard in their treatment. They should be acknowledged for their courage and determination. And far from being member of a "charismatic cult," as the story suggested, clinicians who use EMDR care are considerably diverse in terms of their theoretical orientation and world views.

Keywords: Letter

Accuracy Verified: No

240. Noga, S. (2001, May 14). Letters: EMDR not hypnosis. Detroit, MI: The Detroit News, No Dot, Letters, 08A.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
I am a practitioner of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). The writer evidently knows little if anything about EMDR as she claims it is "hypnotic" and leaves clients open to suggestions (of sexual abuse) during the procedure. During the use of EMDR, clients make their own associations to their own thoughts and feelings. It is not the therapists' place to make suggestions of any kind regarding a person's history during the use of EMDR. Further, EMDR is not a hypnotic method.

Keywords: Detroit General Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

241. Cohen, A. (2012, May). A long-term grief counseling group for adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse. Saint Mary’s College of California, Moraga, CA. 1514521.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
The purpose of this project was to propose a long-term, theoretically sound and research supported person-centered grief counseling group for adult women who were sexually abused as children. A review of the literature indicated that child abuse survivors can benefit from supportive group counseling; sharing a context of common experience seems to aid in their healing process. The proposed program recognizes the need to provide women who were abused with a trusting, social environment that helps to remove the secrecy and isolation, decrease the feelings of shame and self-blame, and increase self-esteem and self-worth. The integration of a nondirective approach with grief counseling creates a more comprehensive approach in which to support the development of social skills and healthy and trusting relationships. The group is structured for survivors to share their experiences, heal from their traumas, and find the tools to move forward into happier, healthier, and better functioning lives.

Keywords: Adult Survivors Childhood Sexual Abuse Person-Centered Group Counseling

Accuracy Verified: Yes

242. Puliatti, M. (2006, Gennaio). L’abuso sessuale nelle donne con vulvodinia: trattamento con l’EMDR [Sexual abuse in women with vulvodynia: Treatment with EMDR] . EMDR Italia newsletter italiana, 7(11) .

Language: Italian

Format: Journal

Keywords: Sexual Abuse Vulvodynia

Accuracy Verified: Yes

243. Puliatti, M. (2009). L’EMDR nel trattamento delle sindromi uro-ginecologiche [EMDR in the treatment of uro-gynecological syndromes] . Medicina Psicosomatica, 54(4), 131-142 .

Language: Italian

Format: Journal

Abstract:
La rilevazione di disturbi uro-ginecologici è in costante crescita, è ciò probabilmente a causa della maggiore attenzione che i clinici dimostrano nei confronti di disturbi variegatati, a volte quasi impalpabili, ma che possono anche dimostrarsi invalidanti. Oltre al vaginismo e alla dispareunia, ben noti nella letteratura scientifi ca da decenni, crescente interesse stanno dimostrando disturbi come la cistite interstiziale, il dolore pelvico e la vulvodinia. Complessivamente considerati, la componente psicosomatica di tali disturbi viene abbondantemente confermata dalla letteratura. A prescindere dagli approcci più chiaramente monolaterali e riduttivi, si nota nella letteratura un interesse consolidato per una terapia che sia per definizione integrata: ginecologica/riabilitativa, psicoeducazionale, sessuologica e psicoterapeutica. L’EMDR si propone in questo ambito clinico come uno strumento di straordinaria versatilità, potendo infatti intervenire sia a livello delle cause remote (eventi stressanti/traumatici, educazione sessuale distorta, etc.), che delle contingenze attuali che mantengono o peggiorano la sintomatologia, offrendo inoltre la possibilità di intervenire direttamente sia sul dolore inteso come sintomo, che sugli scenari futuri connotati negativamente dalla paziente, che frequentemente sono connessi alla percezione del dolore stesso. Infine, si rivela di particolare utilità nel caso in cui il dolore sia correlato a difficoltà relazionali caratterizzate da scarsa assertività. In questo lavoro verranno approfondite le seguenti tematiche: • diagnosi differenziale tra i differenti tipi di dolore uro-ginecologico. • Valutazione dell’eziologia multifattoriale: cause biologiche, psicosessuali, relazionali e presenza di eventi traumatici. • Ruolo dell’abuso sessuale. • Meccanismi psicofi siologici nell’insorgenza dei disturbi: il ruolo della tensione muscolare. • Caratteristiche psicologiche della donna che presenta dolore uro-ginecologico. • Strumenti di screening psicodiagnostico. • Cenni sulle principali strategie di valutazione e di intervento uro-ginecologiche e farmacologiche • Pianifi cazione e fasi del trattamento con l’EMDR, e loro integrazione con differenti approcci psicoterapeutici: aree di indagine, aspetti psicoeducazionali, tecniche sessuologiche specifi che, target caratteristici, l’utilizzo dell’EMDR nelle differenti fasi del trattamento.

The detection of uro-gynecological disorders is growing, this is probably due to the increased attention that clinicians demonstrate against variegatati disorders, sometimes almost impalpable, but may also prove to be disabling. In addition to vaginismus and dyspareunia, well known in the scientific literature about for decades, are showing increasing interest in disorders such as interstitial cystitis, pelvic pain and vulvodynia. Overall, the psychosomatic component of these disorders is abundantly confirmed by the literature. Apart from the unilateral and reductionist approaches more clearly, there is a vested interest in the literature for a treatment that is by definition integrated: gynecological / rehabilitation, psycho-educational, sexology and psychotherapy. EMDR is proposed in this clinical setting as an instrument of extraordinary versatility, allowing it to intervene at the level of remote causes (stressful events / trauma, distorted sex education, etc..) That the current quotas that maintain or worsen the symptoms, while also offering the opportunity to speak directly about pain is understood as a symptom, which negatively on future scenarios of patient characteristics, which are frequently related to the perception of pain itself. Finally, it proves particularly useful in cases where the pain is related to relationship difficulties with low assertiveness. In this paper we will examine the following issues: • differential diagnosis between different types of pain, uro-gynecology. • Evaluation multifactorial etiology: biological, psychosexual, relationship and presence of traumatic events. • Role of sexual abuse. • psychophysical mechanisms in the onset of physiological disorders: the role of muscle tension. • Psychological characteristics of women with uro-gynecological pain. • Tools psychodiagnostic screening. • Work on the main strategies of assessment and intervention and uro-gynecological drug • Plans and application phases of treatment with EMDR, and their integration with different psychotherapeutic approaches: survey areas, psychoeducational aspects, specific sexological techniques that target characteristic the use of EMDR in various stages of treatment.

Keywords: Uro-Gynecological Syndromes

Accuracy Verified: Yes

244. Giannantonio, M. (2001, Ottobre). L’eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (E.M.D.R.) negli adulti e adolescenti abusati sessualmente in età infantile [The eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in adults and adolescents sexually abused in childhood]. Congresso AIAMC, Palermo, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
L’Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) nasce come interevento elettivo nella terapia del Disturbo Post-traumatico da Stress (PTSD) e, in particolar modo nelle fasi iniziali del suo consolidamento clinico e teoretico, ha calibrato il proprio protocollo di intervento standard sul PTSD generato da combattimenti bellici, catastrofi naturali e provocate dall’uomo. L’abuso sessuale, soprattutto se avvenuto nell’infanzia, in modo prolungato ed all’interno di un contesto familiare (ovvero il tipo di abuso sessuale sul quale concentrerò ora la mia attenzione), è un tipo di evento traumatico che può presentare caratteristiche peculiari: elementi dissociativi da marcati ad assenti, alterazioni mnestiche e codifiche mnestiche statodipendenti, massicci meccanismi di repressione operanti anche per decenni, condizionamento negativo dell’evoluzione del sistema comportamentale dell’attaccamento, presenza di memorie somatiche di difficile gestione da parte del paziente, disturbi sessuali, difficoltà nell’instaurazione e nel mantenimento della relazione terapeutica. L’abuso sessuale intrafamiliare si accompagna abitualmente alla trascuratezza emotiva ed alla violenza psicologica, in alcuni casi anche a quella fisica. Di fronte ad un quadro 2 clinico così complesso (laddove la presenza di PTSD è semplicemente uno dei possibili esiti psicopatologici, e con ogni probabilità non il più frequente), l’intervento con l’EMDR richiede modificazioni rispetto al protocollo standard di intervento per il PTSD ma, soprattutto, l'inserimento all'interno di un intervento clinico di respiro decisamente più ampio rispetto all’impiego di algoritmi terapeutici ridotti all’essenziale. Il sottoscritto ritiene che, al momento attuale, lo studio più approfondito sull’argomento sia una pubblicazione di Laurel Parnell del 1999. Personalmente, ed in modo concorde con quest’ultimo autore, ho verificato la notevole efficacia nell’operare con l'EMDR - anche molto direttivamente - sulla storia di attaccamento del paziente al fine di colmarne le falle evolutive o eliminare gli ostacoli per il conseguimento di questo fondamentale obiettivo terapeutico.

The eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is born as interevento elective in the treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and, especially in the early stages of its consolidation clinical and theoretical, has calibrated their intervention protocols for the standard PTSD generated by fighting wars, natural disasters and caused man. Sexual abuse, especially if done in childhood, so Prolonged and within a family context (ie the type of abuse which focus on sex now my attention) is a type of event trauma that may have special characteristics: elements dissociative to be marked absent, changes in mnemonic and mnemonic encodings statodipendenti, massive repression mechanisms operating for decades negative evolution of behavioral conditioning system attachment, presence of somatic memories of unmanageable the patient's sexual problems, difficulty in establishing and maintaining the therapeutic relationship. Sexual abuse is intrafamilial usually accompanies the emotional neglect and violence psychological, in some cases to physical. Faced with a framework 2 clinical as complex (where the presence of PTSD is simply a possible outcomes of psychopathology, and probably not the most frequent), intervention with EMDR requires changes compared to standard protocol of intervention for PTSD but, more importantly, the inclusion within a clinical intervention to breath much larger than use of therapeutic algorithms reduced to essentials. My opinion that, at present, more thorough study on the subject is a Published by Laurel Parnell in 1999. Personally, and so agreed with this page, I checked the remarkable effectiveness in working with EMDR - very directly - on the history of attachment of the patient in order to bridge the evolutionary gaps or eliminate obstacles to achieving this important therapeutic target.

Keywords: Adolescents Adults Postttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

245. Sanfiz, J. (2006). Memoria clinica d'un cas en psicoterapia: Tratamiento de un caso de disociacion con hipnosis y EMDR conbinados [Treatment of a case of dissociation combined with hypnosis and EMDR]. Facultat de psicologia, Departament de personalitat, avaluacio y tractament psicologics, Universitat de Barcelona y EMDR Forum Barcelona, Grupo de Trabajo de Disociacion, Casos Clinicos.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
La paciente, a la que llamaremos R, es una mujer de 35 años, físicamente explosiva, pide consulta por las dificultades que tiene para “sentir algo” cuando tiene relaciones sexuales con su pareja, con la que convive desde hace año y medio. Se queja de falta de deseo sexual. Cuando tiene relaciones sexuales con su pareja, siente angustia y rechazo.

The patient, whom we shall call R, is a woman of 35 years, physically explosive, consultation requests by the difficulties he has to "feel something" when you have sex with your partner, you live with for a year and a half. Complains of lack of sexual desire. When you have sex with your partner, you feel anxiety and rejection.

Keywords: Dissociation Hypnosis

Accuracy Verified: Yes

246. Knipe, J. (2009). The method of constant installation of present orientation and safety (CIPOS). In M. Luber (Ed.), Eye movement desensitization (EMDR) scripted protocols: Special populations (pp. 235-241). New York: Springer Publishing Co.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Keywords: CIPOS Constant Installation Present Orientation Protocol Safety

Accuracy Verified: Yes

247. Eckers, D. (2009). The method of constant installation of present orientation and safety (CIPOS) for children. In M. Luber (Ed.), Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) scripted protocols: Special populations (pp. 51-58). New York: Springer Publishing Co.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Keywords: Children CIPOS Constant Installation Present Orientation Protocol

Accuracy Verified: Yes

248. Darker-Smith, S. (2007, June). Mindfulness meditation to enable attenuation on imagined exposure in PTSD - A single case study. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Mindfulness mediation (based on Buddhist meditative techniques) has previously been advocated for depression relapse prevention and chronic pain reduction in former research trials (Teasdale; Kabat-zinn, etc.). Because the practice of mindfulness relates to body scans and focusing attention upon the body, it has been advised that it may cause problems in using such a method for sexual abuse and rape survivors, although no research appears to have been carried out in this area. In a single case study of child-sexual-abuse adult survivor who frequently dissociated and experienced “flashbacks” during clinical sessions, the methods of Mindfulness Mediation were introduced to her, in an attempt to keep an awareness of her surroundings whilst doing imagined exposure in for PDSD (post duress stress disorder). From dissociative phases, flashbacks and cognitive avoidance of stimuli, the client became able to focus on the traumatic information being presented and to emotionally relate and process trauma memories, which previously she had been unable to do. Her ability to attenuate upon traumatic information was increased, habituation was easier from a clinical perspective, her anxiety levels decreased (BAI) and her depression levels eased (BDI). (N.B. The client’s improved anxiety and depression scores may have been due to Mindfulness Mediation practices or to the processing of highly emotive information).
Conclusion: Mindfulness Meditation can be a useful adjunct to trauma processing when imagined exposure is being implemented for PTSD/PDSD for processing of un-integrated traumatic information, where dissociation, cognitive avoidance or flashbacks occur within the context of treatment, creating a barrier to habituation from traumatic information. [Two statistical charts which accompanied this abstract in the Conference Program entry have not been included here.]

Keywords: Attenuation Case Study Imagined Exposure Mindfulness Poster Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

249. Zangwill, W. (1994). Mistakes to avoid in using EMDR: Or “Do what I say, not what I’ve done”. EMDR Network Newsletter, 4(1), 13-14.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
There are a number of people involved with EMDR who have specialties in various areas including children, veterans, sexual abuse, peak performance, smoking cessation, etc. Though I have my own areas of clinical specialization, when it comes to EMDR, my particular area of expertise seems to be in the area of What NOT To Do. In this first of a two-part article, I want to review many of the mistakes that I and others have made using EMDR. While this list is probably most helpful for those beginning to use EMDR, I have found it useful for experienced clinicians as well.

Keywords: Mistakes

Accuracy Verified: Yes

250. Carlson, B. E. (2005, January). The most important things learned about violence and trauma in the past 20 years. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 20(1), 119-126. doi:10.1177/0886260504268603.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
In the past 2 decades, important insights have been gained regarding violence and trauma. Complications occur in how violence and trauma, their causes, and their effects on victims should be defined. Violence and abuse to women -- physical, sexual, and emotional -- are not rare events and are most often perpetrated by partners or acquaintances rather than strangers and occur in nonmarital as well as marital relationships, including same-sex relationships. A promising methodological innovation in the study of violence and trauma is the use of longitudinal designs. Innovations in treatments for victims such as evidence-based interventions have been slow to emerge; they include eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) and the Seeking Safety group intervention for drug-abusing women with trauma histories. Future research should address increased understanding of variation in individual responses to violence and trauma, matching of treatment to different types of male offenders, better understanding of how culture affects violence perpetration and victimization, and evaluation of domestic violence interventions. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Commentary Empirical Study Longitudinal Study Review Scientific Research Spouse Abuse Survivors Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

251. Lazarus, A. A. (1995, Issue 3). The multimodal orientation. EMDR Network Newsletter, 5(3), 3-4.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
When I took the Level EMDR training, I was impressed by the fact that it dovetails very nicely with the multimodal outlook and tends to cover the same essential modalities. In Las Vegas, while we were at the Evolution of Psychotherapy Conference, Dr. Francine Shapiro and I chatted about numerous ideas, including the way in which people familiar with EMDR could profit from employing multimodal assessment methods. Dr. Shapiro perused the Multimodal Life History Questionnaire (Lazarus & Lazarus, 1991), for instance, and felt that it could be a useful addendum in the hands of well-trained EMDR therapists and invited me to write this very brief outline of the multimodal therapy rationale.

Keywords: Multimodal Approach

Accuracy Verified: Yes

252. Amendolia, R. D. (1998). A narrative constructivist perspective of treatment of posttraumatic stress disorders with Ericksonian hypnosis and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. Trauma Response, 13-14.

Language: English

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
In a trauma survivor, physiological responses are exacerbated when the affect-laden memories stored in associative networks are triggered by environmental sensory inputs or cues and activate the autonomic nervous system. Recovery from trauma involves not only amelioration of physiological and dissociative symptoms, but also the cognitive rebuilding of a viable assumptive world view which integrates the realms of vulnerability, meaning and self-esteem. This world view is contextualized in cultural idioms and values. From an Ericksonian perspective, persons are usually attempting to problem-solve, even in a dissociative date. A symptom such as an intrusive recollection or recurrent dream of a traumatic event is therefore construed as a request for help in problem-solving. Hypnosis is a structured dissociation which facilitates cognitive flexibility; that is, the broadening of choices of the client' s belief system, rather than direct work on changing affect or behaviors. The goal of Ericksonian hypnosis is to recontextualize the traumatic memory, the affect of fear, and the physiological hyperarousal cued by the traumatic memory. This occurs within a broader context of pride, mastery and courage, and within a context inclusive of other memories and affects, which are positive for the client. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), similarly has as its goal the facilitation of a transfer of traumatic data from the cortical right hemisphere to the left hemisphere. EMDR also utilizes the attainment of a state of heightened awareness, or collaborative structured dissociation, in order to facilitate the orientation of the traumatized client's conscious mind toward "revisiting" traumatic memories. Both interventions can facilitate the self-narrative reconstruction process of trauma survivors by simultaneously modulating the person's hyperarousal while attending to the culturally significant metaphors which form the building blocks of a person' s world of meanings. [AAETS]

Keywords: Eriksonian Hypnosis Narrative Constructionist

Accuracy Verified: Yes

253. Stramrood, C., van der Velde, J., Schultz, W. W., & van Pampus, M. (2011, March). A new application of EMDR: Treatment of posttraumatic stress following childbirth. Poster presentation at the American Psychosomatic Society 69th Annual Scientific Meeting, San Antonio, TX.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Purpose: To evaluate the possibility of using eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) treatment for women with posttraumatic stress following childbirth. EMDR is internationally recognized as one of the treatments of choice for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, as outlined in a recent article on the management of PTSD following childbirth, very little is known about the effect of the intervention in women who experienced the delivery as traumatic. Methods: Two patients suffering from posttraumatic stress symptoms following childbirth were treated with EMDR. Patient A developed PTSD symptoms following the lengthy labor of her first child that ended in an emergency cesarean section (CS) after unsuccessful vacuum and forceps extraction. Patient B suffered from PTSD symptoms since the birth of her first child, during which a second degree vaginal rupture occurred, causing pain and resulting in the inability to use tampons and engage in sexual intercourse for several years. RESULTS: Both patients received EMDR treatment during their second pregnancy, using the standard protocol. After 2 sessions of EMDR including RDI and future template, patient A felt strong and confident about the upcoming delivery. She did not prefer a CS over vaginal birth or vice versa, as long as she would end up psychologically undamaged. Due to insufficient engaging of the fetal head, patient A underwent a secondary CS, but nonetheless looks back positively at the experience. Patient B felt calm and less anxious after two sessions of EMDR. Despite her initial request for an elective CS, she agreed to attempt vaginal delivery, and a healthy infant was born. Even though she suffered another second degree vaginal rupture, which fortunately did not cause dyspareunia this time, patient B also looks back positively at the second delivery. Conclusion: Treatment with EMDR reduced PTSD symptoms in these two women, and hence proved to be an effective intervention. Furthermore, both women were confident enough to attempt vaginal birth rather than demanding an elective CS. We advocate a large scale RCT involving women with postpartum PTSD to confirm the effect of EMDR in this patient group.

Keywords: Childbirth Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

254. Earley, P. H. (2009, January). New tools and troubles in addiction treatment. Presentation at the 9th annual CAPTASA (Clinical Applications of the Principles in Treatment of Addictions and Substance Abuse) Conference, Lexington, KY.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR and Recovery • EMDR helps patients reframe their attachment to drug use and drug lifestyle into “addiction trauma.” • EMDR decreases traumatic memories that destabilize the path to recovery. • EMDR provides hope of trauma resolution for patients who have suffered past physical, sexual and emotional trauma in addition to addiction trauma. • EMDR may decrease euphoric recall. • EMDR may reprogram the procedural learning produced by past use behaviors, and thus, decrease relapse. [Excerpt]

Keywords: Addictions Substance Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

255. Shapiro, F. (2009). On science, orthodoxy, EMDR, and the AIP, H. Lipke, invited response. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 3(2), 110-111. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.3.2.109.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Thank you for the invitation to respond to Dr. Lipke’s letter. I will confine myself to statements regarding the adaptive information processing (AIP) model and my text. However, I would like to begin by stating that I applaud the free exchange of ideas regarding the model. I formulated the principles in 1990 because the effects I was observing with “EMD” could not be explained by my original behavioral orientation. These AIP principles were pivotal in the development of the current procedures and protocols of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), moving it from a technique to a psychotherapy approach, offering a comprehensive view of the clinical picture and successful treatment applications. [Excerpt]

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP Letter Orthodoxy Science

Accuracy Verified: Yes

256. Hogberg, G., Pagani, M., Sundin, Ö., Soares, J., Aberg-Wistedt, A., Tarnell, B., & Hallstrom, T. (2007, February). On treatment with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing of chronic post-traumatic stress disorder in public transportation workers – A randomized controlled trial. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 61, 54-61. doi:10.1080/08039480601129408.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Previous studies on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) investigated a variety of treatments and included mostly patients victims of sexual and combat assault. This study aimed to determine the short-term efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in occupation-based PTSD. Employees of the public transportation system in Stockholm, who had been experiencing a person-under-train accident or had been assaulted at work were recruited. Subjects with trauma exposure since more than 3 months but less than 6 years were included. Twenty-four subjects who fulfilled the DSM-IV criteria for PTSD were randomized to either EMDR therapy (n=13) or waiting list (WL, n=11). They were assessed pre-treatment and shortly after completion of treatment or WL period. The pre-defined primary outcome variable was full PTSD diagnosis. Secondary outcome variables were the results of various psychometric scales. Twelve participants began and completed five sessions of EMDR and nine completed the WL. After therapy, eight subjects in the EMDR group (67%) and one (11%) in WL did not fulfil the criteria for PTSD diagnosis (difference, P=0.02). Among the secondary outcome variables, there were significant differences post-treatment between the groups EMDR/WL in Global Assessment of Function (GAF) score and Hamilton Depression (HAM-D) score. This study indicates that EMDR has a short-term effect on PTSD in public transportation workers exposed to occupational traumatic events. Such intensive and brief therapy might be further validated in larger samples of exposed workers with longer periods of follow-up.

Keywords: Counter-Conditioning Empirical Study Occupational Health Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Quantitative Study Random Control Trial RCT

Accuracy Verified: Yes

257. Keenan, P. S. (2004, September). Outcome of CBT with adults; The treatment of non-psychotic morbid jealousy using EMDR and cognitive interweave. Poster presented at the 34th annual Conference of the European Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Therapies, University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology(UMIST), Manchester, England.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Jealousy is an unwelcome emotion, which most people will have experienced at sometime in their lives. In its mildest form it may be seen as an expression of devotion, however, for some people it can become obsessive and destructive (Mullen, 1990) The possible consequences of this very serious condition can result in suspician, violence and the complete breakdown of a relationship. This study highlights the case of a man with a long standing history of jealousy towards his partner. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) would suggest that jealousy was maintained by a person's erroneous assumptions about sexual behaviour and attractiveness of their partner, as well as pervasive negative schemas of self-worth. Any consideration for treatment therefore, needed to address both these areas. The treatment intervention of Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) utilising cognitive interweave was used to reduce the intensity of the emotionof jealous reactions. Results showed a marked reduction in the intensity of the emotion of jealousy, which lead to a reduction in the client's challenging and checking behaviours towards his partner. Results also indicate a clear reduction in the client's erroneous automatic negative and jelous thoughts. What is unclear is whether it was the EMDR therapy itself, or a combination of EMDR and other cognitive behavoural therapy interventions that brought about these reducitons in symptomatology. Acknowledging the limitations of generalising from single case designs, consideration will be given to the need for further investigation and research in to the application of EMDR with this client group.

Keywords: CBT Cognitive Behaviorial Therapy Cognitive Interweave Morbid Jealousy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

258. Kravic, N., & Hasanovic, M. (2011, January). P02-377 - Moral conflict and first sexual experience - Case presentation. European Psychiatry, 26(Supplement 1), 973-973. doi:10.1016/S0924-9338(11)72678-5.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Objectives: In our mind as well as in our body and nature nothing is happened accidentally, we can often see that there is mutual connection between them. There is a case presentation of young man age 29 with obsessive thoughts for getting fatal disease if step on junky needles which he had seen in his neighbor. It thoughts influence his all life he is avoiding to go out of his apartment, poorly sleep, he insisted to be admitted to in patient treatment because he „would probably kill himself if he had to stay there jet…” His first difficulties appeared when he was 20, after his first sexual experience which he has had with prostitute, after his friend’s birthday party. Then he obsessively started to think about getting AIDS, getting died… Four years ago he really have got malignant testicular tumor and in his 24he had passed through exhausting surgery and chemotherapy. As a child he was growing up during the war time, experienced snake bite, often tonsil infections.Now he has no job, live with parents and one year older brother, no girlfriend or other relationship. Treated with antidepressant venlafaxin, and atypical narcoleptic risperidon, with additionally used EMDR, he showed good recovery and getting into every day activities.

Keywords: Sexual Experience

Accuracy Verified: Yes

259. Farrell, D., & Keenan, P. (2007, June). Participant's experiences of EMDR training within the UK and Ireland. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This study investigated the experiences of several hundreds of participants who had undertaken EMDR training in the United Kingdom and Ireland over the last ten years. The research group was drawn from both the membership of the EMDR UK and I Approved Commercial Training. The research ascertained participant’s core profession, main psychological treatment orientation, present utilization of EMDR within current clinical practice, number of clients treated, types of referral issues, average number of sessions, and provision for clinical supervision. Participants were then asked to provide feedback as to their views on their EMDR training experience. Results demonstrated a significant proportion of practitioners integrated EMDR with Cognitive Behavioural Therapy more than any other paradigm. EMDR trainings were criticised in areas which included participant involvement, post training, professional development, and systems of assessment of knowledge and application of EMDR. The findings suggest a need to develop competency based curriculum training in EMDR. Arguments will be presented to support the need to teach EMDR within a wider clinical context.

Keywords: Ireland Training Treatment UK United Kingdom

Accuracy Verified: Yes

260. Levin, C., & Nelson, S. (1992, April). Partners of sexual abuse survivors. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Sunnyvale, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

261. Nelson, S. (1993, March). Partners of sexual abuse survivors. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Sunnyvale, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Sexual abuse Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

262. Stramrood, C. A., van der Velde, J., Doornbos, B., Marieke Paarlberg, K., Weijmar Schultz, W. C., & van Pampus, M. G. (2012, March). The patient observer: Eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing for the treatment of posttraumatic stress following childbirth. Birth, 39(1), 70-76. doi:10.1111/j.1523-536X.2011.00517.x.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Background: No standard intervention with proved effectiveness is available for women with posttraumatic stress following childbirth because of insufficient research. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the possibility of using eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing treatment for women with symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder following childbirth. The treatment is internationally recognized as one of the interventions of choice for the condition, but little is known about its effects in women who experienced the delivery as traumatic. Methods: Three women suffering from posttraumatic stress symptoms following the birth of their first child were treated with eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing during their next pregnancy. Patient A developed posttraumatic stress symptoms following the lengthy labor of her first child that ended in an emergency cesarean section after unsuccessful vacuum extraction. Patient B suffered a second degree vaginal rupture, resulting in pain and inability to engage in sexual intercourse for years. Patient C developed severe preeclampsia postpartum requiring intravenous treatment. Results: Patients received eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing treatment during their second pregnancy, using the standard protocol. The treatment resulted in fewer posttraumatic stress symptoms and more confidence about their pregnancy and upcoming delivery compared with before the treatment. Despite delivery complications in Patient A (secondary cesarean section due to insufficient engaging of the fetal head); Patient B (second degree vaginal rupture, this time without subsequent dyspareunia); and Patient C (postpartum hemorrhage, postpartum hypertension requiring intravenous treatment), all three women looked back positively at the second delivery experience. Conclusions: Treatment with eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing reduced posttraumatic stress symptoms in these three women. They were all sufficiently confident to attempt vaginal birth rather than demanding an elective cesarean section. We advocate a large-scale, randomized controlled trial involving women with postpartum posttraumatic stress disorder to evaluate the effect of eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing in this patient group.

Keywords: Childbirth Postpartum Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Pregnancy PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

263. Foster, S., Lendl, J., & Parrett, B. (1995, June). Peak performance in the work place. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In his book, Anxietv Disorders and Phobias, Aaron Beck, MD, wrote cogently about the so-called "evaluation anxieties." He employed the metaphor of the tightrope walker to describe the constant worry about a possible "fall from grace" experienced by the person troubled by concern about performing well in a variety of life situations. Beck divided these situations into three categories: social situations; school and work settings; and what he called "transactions with the outside world," meaning instances of shopping and traveling. The focus of this three-hour presentation is evaluation or performance anxiety (as it is more often termed) in the workplace and applications of EMDR to removing blocks to optimal functioning at work. The theoretical contribution of Beck and his colleagues will shape the presenters' information about why performance anxiety develops and who is likely to be vulnerable to it. The rationale for this extension of the EMDR model will be grounded in the theoretical framework of cognitive therapy. The two presenters bring their considerable experience with EMDR (five+ years) and expertise in peak performance consulting to participants in this session. From their background, they will derive the presentation's emphasis on EMDR applications that are immediately useful to the participants. To begin, the presenters will provide the aforementioned theoretical understanding of "evaluation anxiety" and its manifestation as performance anxiety in the workplace. Approximately the first quarter of the presentation will be spent in didactic material that describes specifically how performance anxiety interferes with optimal functioning at work across a variety of occupations. Drs. Foster and Lendl will elaborate on two situations in which performance anxiety is especially likely to occur in work-related situations: 1) during periods of rapid change; and 2) during the performance review process. Having established this basis of understanding, the presenters will move on to describe the most commonly observed psychological blocks that impede optimal performance in work settings: 1) external conflicts brought into work; 2) feeling like an 'impostor' in one's position at work, 3) perfectionism as a barrier to performance; 4) past failures that operate as anticipatory anxieties (for example, a client's worry that a past mistake or setback might recur in the future); 5) discrimination on the basis of gender, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, education or age. Using actual transcripts and videotaped excerpts of their sessions, the presenters will demonstrate how their EMDR interventions may be applied. The presenters will show participants how to assess their own current and prospective clients for the psychological blocks that are interfering with work performance. Efficient ways to elicit negative and positive cognition for these work-related issues will be precisely described. The expected course of the EMDR processing will be illustrated using the presenters' cases which include a perfectionistic dentist, a high level executive after a layoff, a female manager desiring a promotion who is grappling with a chauvinistic boss, and performing artists struggling with stage fright and other barriers to their optimal performance. The presenters will then share with participants the ways in which they assist their clients in reaching and maintaining balance in their life- and work styles, in what the presenters call "Using EMDR to meet daily challenges with optimal response." Specific strategies for integrating EMDR into broader-based interventions will be described for assisting clients in: 1) increasing self-trust; 2) learning to capably manage crises; 3) increasing focus and attention at work; and 4) setting priorities and using time effectively. Lastly, Drs. Foster and Lend will demonstrate additional EMDR applications for assisting clients in attaining and maintaining what the presenters call "Optimal Well-Being." Citing case material, the presenters will show participants the means by which EMDR can be employed to speed recovery from illness and to decrease the rehabilitation time needed following an injury. Participants will be given the opportunity to rehears several of the applications described and to receive feedback fiom the instructors. Reference: Beck, A.T. (1985). Anxiety Disorders and Phobias, Basic Books, New York.

Keywords: Peak Performance Performance Enhancement

Accuracy Verified: Yes

264. Morini, P. L., & Romanini, M. L. (2001). Pedophilia: An integrated treatment in a prison setting. Tigis.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
This report describes the results of a long term (3 years) treatment program that used two different treatment modalities: group therapy and EMDR treatment, on pedophile prisoners incarcerated in a prison setting. Our report will include a discussion on the relationship of the Italian legal system to the pedophile offender, the current thinking of the psychiatric community to pedophilia and a detailed report of one case study. In this case study we describe the nature of the crime, the evolution of the offender’s pathology and cognitive reprocessing procedure that was achieved through psychodynamic and cognitive interventions. To overcome any difficulties that a prison setting imposes on the treatment process we have thought to make this treatment option entirely voluntary, with the subject beeing offered not other‚ incentive‚ than a free choice to have the opportunity to ‚looking into himself‘. In this report we will also summarize the findings of similar treatment modalities on four other sexual offender inmates who have been released from prison only two years ago compaired to the four years of follow up in the case study; each of these four subjects appears to be doing well in living a fully integrated life outside of prison. It is ous view that the results of this study suggest that an integrated therapeutic approach, in a prison setting, can make a valuable contribution to the solution of some of the problems connected with sexual deviance.

Keywords: Pedophilia Prison Setting

Accuracy Verified: No

265. Romanini, M., & Morini, P. (2004, June). Pedophilia: An integrated treatment in a prison setting. In EMDR, biology and the body (P. Lieberman, Chair). Symposium conducted at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, Stockholm, Sweden .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This report describes the results of a long term (three years) treatment program that used two different treatment modalities: group therapy and EMDR treatment, on pedophile prisoners incarcerated in a prison setting.
Our report will include a discussion on the relationship of the Italian legal system to the pedophile offender, the current thinking of the psychiatric community to the pedophilia, and a detailed report of one case study.
In this case study, we describe the nature of the crime, the evolution of the offender’s pathology, and the cognitive reprocessing procedure that was achieved through psychodynamic and cognitive interventions and EMDR treatment.
To overcome any difficulties that a prison setting imposes on the treatment process, we have sought to make this treatment option entirely voluntary nature with the subject being offered no other “’incentive’ than a free choice to have the opportunity to “looking into himself.’
In this report, we will also summarize the findings of similar treatment modalities on four other sexual offender inmates who have been released from prison but have a shorter follow up period. Each of these four subjects has now completed their prison sentence and appears to be doing well in living a fully integrated life outside of prison.
It is our view that the results of this study suggest that an integrated therapeutic approach, in a prison setting, can make a valuable contribution to the solution of some of the problems connected to sexual deviance.

Keywords: Pedophilia Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

266. Mattioli, G. (2004, May). The post traumatic stress disorder and EMDR therapy. Full Informatiu, 169. Retrieved http://guillermomattioli.com/?p=540&lang=en on 2/10/2013.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
“Post traumatic stress” contains all the features required to mark an epoch. To start with, it has a long prehistory under the name of traumatic neurosis, which includes all the debates about trauma and its etiological value, a “narrative” (here’s another one) that began with Freud and have still not finished. As a coined label (post traumatic stress disorder, PTSD) is fairly recent, appears about the 80ties in the DSM-III, ranged in the chapter on Anxiety Disorders, although some doubts have later been raised about this classification, since PSTD could also be included under Major Depression or also Dissociation. Finally, PSTD has triggered a proliferation of methods to treat it, based on advances in general psychology and neuroscience. Suffering PTSD means that the person affected has experienced, witnessed, imagined or listened about one or more events entailing deaths or threats to his or another one’s safety, and has reacted with fear, helplessness and horror leaving intense negative feelings warded off into his emotional memory, stored in the limbic system. Traumatic scenes may come from either natural disasters, or caused by terrorist acts, of being involved in violent situations, such as war veterans or out of having suffered physical and sexual violence, such as abused children or women

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

267. McLean, P. D., & Woody, Sheila, R. (2001). Posttraumatic stress disorder. In P. D. McLean & S. R. Woody (Eds.), Anxiety disorders in adults: An evidence-based approach to psychological treatment (pp. 205-241). New York: Oxford University Press.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Description and conceptualization (phenomenology; diagnostic trends; prevalence and course); Theoretical perspectives; Assessment (diagnosis; assessment of symptoms; assessing contextual factors: social support, cognitive distortions, avoidant coping, multiple trauma history, occupational adjustment, physical history/pain/litigation; case formulation); Treatment models and guidelines (cognitive behavioral therapy for PTSD: education, exposure, cognitive control, cognitive restructuring, relaxation training; specific types of trauma: sexual assault, motor vehicle accident, combat; pharmacological treatment for PTSD; eye movement desensitization and reprocessing [EMDR]; client-treatment matching; minimal vs. optimal interventions; common problems: noncompliance due to fear and avoidance, comorbidity, medical and litigation complications; treatment outcome evaluation and life planning). [Pilots]

Keywords: Adults Evidence Based Treatment Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapy PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

268. van der Kolk, B. A. (2000). Posttraumatic stress disorder and the nature of trauma. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 2(1), 7-22.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The role of psychological trauma (e.g., rape, physical assaults, torture, motor vehicle accidents) as an etiological factor in mental disorders, anticipated as early as the 19th century by Janet, Freud, and Breuer, and more specifically during World War I and II by Kardiner, was "rediscovered" some 20 years ago in the wake of the psychlogical traumas inflicted by the Vietnam war and the discussion "in the open" of sexual abuse and rape by the women's liberation movement. 1980 marked a major turning point, with the incorporation of the diagnostic construct of PTSD into DSM-III and the definition of its main diagnostic criteria (reexperiencing of the traumatic event, avoidance of stimuli associated with the trauma, and symptoms of increased arousal). Initially described as resulting from a onetime severe traumatic incident, PTSD has now been shown to be triggered by chronic multiple traumas as well. This "state-of-the-art" article discusses past and current understanding of the disorder, with particular emphasis on the recent explosive developments in neuroimaging and other fields of the neurosciences that have highlighted the complex interrelationships between psychological, psychiatric, biological, and neuroanatomical components of the disorder, and opened up entirely new therapeutic perspectives on how to help the victims of trauma overcome their past. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Etiology Historical Account Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

269. Staff. (2007, May 4). Posttraumatic stress disorder therapy. Drug Week, Expanded Reporting, 62.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Researchers detail in "On treatment with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing of chronic post-traumatic stress disorder in public transportation workers--a randomized controlled trial," new data in post-traumatic stress disorders. According to recent research published in the Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, "Previous studies on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) investigated a variety of treatments and included mostly patients victims of sexual and combat assault. This study aimed to determine the short-term efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in occupation-based PTSD."
Also published in Biotech Business Week, Expanded reporting, 706 - April 30, 2007

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

270. Lindauer, R. J. L., Beer, R., Boer, F., Hendriks, G. J., & van Minnen, A. (2006, May). Posttraumatische stressstoornis bij adolescenten na seksueel misbruik: Goed te behandelen [Posttraumatic stress disorder in adolescents after sexual abuse is readily treated]. Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde, 150(20), 1154-1155.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Een brief van Lindauer, bier en commentaar op Boer Hendriks en Van Minnen, 'Posttraumatische stressstoornis BIJ adolescenten na seksueel misbruik: goed te behandelen ", English Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde 150 (6): 281-285 (11 februari 2006) [29431] ; met een reactie van Hendriks en Van Minnen. Beperkte indexering toegepast. [Loodsen]

A letter from Lindauer, Beer, and Boer commenting on Hendriks and Van Minnen, "Posttraumatische stressstoornis bij adolescenten na seksueel misbruik: goed te behandelen", Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde 150(6): 281-285 (11 February 2006) [29431]; with a response from Hendriks and Van Minnen. Limited indexing applied. [Pilots]

Keywords: Abuse Child Cognitive Therapy Letter Professional Criticism Postrraumatic Stress Disorder Professional Criticism Reply PTSD Rape Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

271. Gregoire, A. (2008, Mai). Pourquoi, quand et comment intégrer l’EMDR dans le processus thérapeutique [Why, when, and how to integrate EMDR in the therapeutic process]. Présentation à la Conférence EMDR Canada, Montréal, Québec, Canada.

Language: French

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Cette présentation explore les contributions spécifiques d’EMDR en tant que modèle d’analyse et de compréhension de la psychopathologie et en tant que technique thérapeutique. Quelles situations cliniques sont propices pour introduire l’EMDR, que le modèle soit intégré à l’intérieur du processus thérapeutique, ou encore, introduit par le biais d’une référence à un thérapeute EMDR pour une série de sessions ? Pourquoi introduire l’EMDR dans un processus thérapeutique? À quel moment l’EMDR est-il le plus approprié en tant que modèle ou comme technique? Enfin, quelle est la meilleure façon d’entreprendre un processus EMDR et quels sont les éléments cliniques pouvant servir de déclencheurs ou de préambule au protocole EMDR?

This presentation will explore the specific contributions of EMDR as model of analysis, interpretation of psychopathology and psychotherapeutic techniques within the context of the psychotherapy relationship. What are the clinical situations in which EMDR can best be introduced either as integrated in the psychotherapy process or as we have observed, as involving a referral to an EMDR therapist for a series of sessions. Why introduce EMDR into the psychotherapy process?, When is an EMDR intervention most appropriate for its optimal use as model and as technique?, and How can an EMDR process best be introduced? and what are the clinical issues which can be used as triggers and as preamble to the EMDR protocol?

Keywords: Psychotherapeutic Orientation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

272. Klaff, F. (2005, September). Practical EMDR with children and adolescents: An integrative family systems approach. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Seattle, WA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop offers creative and practical applications for integrating EMDR into child, adolescent and family systems therapy. Ways to introduce EMDR, uncover targets, adapt cognitive interweave to different ages and stages of development and assess and utilize parental involvement will be taught. Problems, such as resistance, family complexities and chronic versus crisis problems, will be addressed. Enhancement skills including affect management and ego strengthening will be taught. The how-to's of play, art, music and stories as vehicles for creatively using EMDR will be demonstrated. Cases involving ADHD, adoption, cutting, divorce, sexual abuse and other traumas will be illustrated with videos, scripts and roleplay. Dr. Klaff is known far her lively presentations, creativity and humor.

Keywords: Adolescents Children Integrative Family Systems Approach

Accuracy Verified: Yes

273. Rothbaum, B. O., Leifker, F. R., & Astin, M. (2008, November). Predictors of outcome in female sexual assault survivors receive PE or EMDR. Presentation at the Annual Meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, Chicago, ILL.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Outcome Predictors Prolonged Exposure Sexual Assault Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

274. Cantelmi, T. (2010, Novembre). Prevalenza, incidenza e diagnosi differenziale dei disturbi da stress post-traumatici in oncologia [Prevalence, incidence and differential diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder in oncology]. Presentazione al "Convegno La psicotraumatologia Oncologica, Roma, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Il PTSD abbraccia una gamma ampia di fenomeni: dagli eventi naturali catastrofici, dalle violenze maltrattamenti ed abusi su bambini ed adulti ad altre forme di aggressioni fisiche, gravi malattie ed interventi chirurgici, gravi problemi nel lavoro, come il mobbing ed altro ancora. L prevalenza del PTSD oscilla tra l’1 ed il 9% della popolazione generale e può raggiungere il 50/60% in sottogruppi di soggetti esposti a traumi considerati di particolare gravità.. Tra i disturbi mentali conseguenti a traumi solo il PTSD è identificato dall’evento traumatico che in questo disturbo assume un ruolo specifico, tanto che la presenza di uno stressor a cui collegare i sintomi è l’elemento necessario per fare diagnosi. Si discute se lo stesso possa e debba sufficientemente essere rappresentato da un evento che ha le qualità per minacciare alla vita e qualità della vita di un soggetto o se sia identificabile esaurientemente con un vissuto soggettivo di impotenza che cambia l’adattamento della persona alla realtà in modo disfunzionale. Sembra comunque che la malattia oncologica e le sue fasi evolutive nonché i processi di guarigione che implica presentano occasioni ripetute per il paziente oncologico a rischio di traumatizzazione sia a causa delle circostanze oggettive che mettono in pericolo la qualità di vita della persona e la sua vita medesima, sia per le simbolizzazioni drammatiche che a volte essa può assumere nell’immaginario collettivo e soggettivo. Gli studi epidemiologici indicano come il PTSD interessi maggiormente il sesso femminile (11% vs 5% del sesso maschile) sulla cui prevalenza può anche influire il tipo di trauma (violenze e molestie sessuali, neglect ed abusi infantili vs. aggressioni fisiche, minacce con armi prigionia e rapimento negli uomini. IL PTSD rappresenta una sfida in psichiatria non solo in generale perché i sintomi che emergono sono diversi e sintetizzano una miscela di processi sociali, biologici e psicologici, ma anche soprattutto in oncologia perché esiste una vasta gamma di sintomi dello spettro post-traumatico, come ad esempio i disturbi dell’adattamento, ma si è spesso in presenza di un PTSD sottosoglia difficilmente discriminabile anche agli occhi di esperti preparati. Così possiamo intendere i disturbi dell’adattamento come tutte quelle manifestazioni in cui, in assenza di vulnerabilità individuale, un evento stressante, ad esempio la diagnosi di cancro ed i trattamenti ad essa legati, rappresenta il fattore causale ed esclusivo di insorgenza dei sintomi, che si presume non sarebbero altrimenti occorsi. Essi influiscono negativamente sull’adattamento del soggetto alla malattia e sul funzionamento psicofisico generale. I sintomi possono essere rappresentati da reazioni depressive, reazioni d’ansia o miste (ansioso-depressive), reazioni con altri aspetti emozionali (irritabilità, aggressività labilità emotiva) o con disturbi della condotta (comportamenti inadeguati). Importante risulta la diagnosi differenziale con i disturbi d’ansia e depressivi. I disturbi dell’adattamento rappresentano i quadri di sofferenza psicologica più frequentemente diagnosticabili nei pazienti con cancro, avendo una prevalenza del 30-35%. I sintomi sottosoglia possono rappresentare invece i prodromi di una sindrome conclamata oppure i sintomi residui di un PTSD in remissione parziale. E’ importante volgere l’attenzione ai PTSD in oncologia, alla diagnosi differenziale con altri tipi di disagi psicooncologici, ed in particolare alla peculiarità, gravità cronicità del quadro clinico per la possibilità di attuare una prevenzione efficace prima che il disturbo insorga o si strutturi, e per le potenzialità di comprensione di alcuni meccanismi di funzionamento cerebrale che creano un ponte fra psicologico e biologico.

The PTSD embraces a wide range of phenomena: from natural catastrophic events, from violence and abuse, ill-treatment of children and adults with other forms of physical assaults, serious illness and surgery, severe problems in the work, such as bullying and more. The prevalence of PTSD ranges between 1 and 9% of the general population and can reach 50/60% in subgroups of subjects exposed to trauma considered particularly serious .. Among the mental disorders resulting from trauma, PTSD is identified only by the traumatic event that in this disorder takes on a specific role, so that the presence of a stressor that link symptoms is a necessary element to diagnose. It was discussed whether the same can and should be sufficiently represented by an event that has the quality to threaten the life and quality of life of an individual, or whether it is fully identifiable with a subjective experience of powerlessness that changes to adapt to the reality of the person in dysfunctional way. It seems that the oncological disease and its evolutionary phases as well as the healing process that involves repeated opportunities to present the cancer patient at risk of trauma and because of objective circumstances that endanger the quality of life of the person and his life itself , both for the dramatic symbolization that sometimes it can take in the collective and subjective. Epidemiological studies indicate that PTSD interests most of the women (11% vs. 5% of males) on the prevalence of which may also affect the type of trauma (violence and sexual harassment, child abuse and neglect Vs. Physical attacks, threats with weapons imprisonment and kidnapping in men. IL PTSD represents a challenge in psychiatry not only in general because the symptoms that emerge are different and synthesize a mixture of social processes, biological and psychological, but also especially in oncology because there exists a wide range of symptoms spectrum post-traumatic, such such as adjustment disorders, but it is often in the presence of a subthreshold PTSD hardly discriminated even in the eyes of experts prepared. So we can understand the adjustment disorders like all those events where, in the absence of individual vulnerability, a stressful event, such as the diagnosis of cancer and the treatments associated with it, is the causal factor and exclusive of onset of symptoms, which it is assumed would not otherwise have occurred. They have a negative impact on the adaptation of the subject to physical and mental illness and the general operation. Symptoms may be represented by depressive reactions, anxiety reactions or mixed (anxious-depressive), reactions with other aspects of emotional (irritability, aggressiveness, emotional lability) or conduct disorder (inappropriate behavior). Important results in the differential diagnosis of anxiety disorders and depression. The adjustment disorders represent the paintings of psychological distress more frequently diagnosed in patients with cancer, having a prevalence of 30-35%. The subthreshold symptoms may instead represent the beginnings of a full-blown syndrome or residual symptoms of PTSD in partial remission. It 'important to turn our attention to PTSD in oncology, the differential diagnosis with other types of inconvenience psicooncologici, and in particular to the peculiarities, chronicity, severity of the clinical picture for the possibility of implementing effective prevention before the disorder arises or is structured, and the potential of understanding of some mechanisms of brain function that create a bridge between psychological and biological.

Keywords: Cancer Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PSTD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

275. Tarquinio. C., Brennstuhl, M. J., Reichenbach, S., Rydberg, J. A., & Tarquinio, P. (2012, July-September). Prise en charge précoce de victimes de viols et présentation d’un protocole d’urgence de thérapie EMDR [Early treatment of rape victims: Presentation of an emergency EMDR protocol]. Sexologies, 21(3), 147-156 doi:10.1016/j.sexol.2011.11.013.

Language: French

Format: Journal

Abstract:
L’objectif de cette contribution sera de tester l’efficacité d’une nouvelle forme de prise en charge précoce des conséquences de viol. Issue d’une intégration de plusieurs protocoles EMDR d’urgence comme le R-TEP (Recent Traumatic Episode Protocol) de Shapiro (2009), et Modifed Abridged EMDR Protocol de Kutz, Risnik et Dekel (2008), et inspiré par la pratique du débriefing psychologique nous avons pris en charge sur la base d’une seule séance 17 femmes victimes de viols et prises en charge dans les 24 à 78h après leur agression. Suivies après 4 semaines, puis après 6 mois, nous avons mesuré les effets de ce suivi psychologique sur la symptomatologie post-traumatique, la détresse psychologique, ainsi que sur certains indicateurs de la sexualité de ces femmes victimes, en référence à leur sexualité antérieure. Les résultats obtenus montrent qu’en une séance on assiste à une réduction intéressante des différentes mesures qui se révèle stable 4 semaines et 6 mois après la prise en charge, de la même manière que la sexualité semble réinvesti par les victimes. Si ce type d’intervention d’urgence ne se substitue en rien à une psychothérapie plus approfondie, sa contribution et sa pertinence dans le cadre d’une prise en charge immédiate ouvre des perspectives intéressantes pour la prise en charge des victimes d’agressions sexuelles.

The aim of this contribution is to test the effectiveness of a new form of early management of the consequences of rape. After an integration of several protocols EMDR emergency such as R-PET (Recent Traumatic Episode Protocol) Shapiro (2009), and modifed Abridged EMDR Protocol of Kutz, Risnik and Dekel (2008), and inspired by the practice of psychological debriefing we supported on the basis of a single session 17 women victims of rape and supported in the 24 to 78 hours after the assault. Followed after 4 weeks, then after six months, we measured the effects of psychological symptoms on post-traumatic psychological distress, as well as some indicators of sexuality of these women who, in reference to their sexuality earlier. The results show that a session there is an interesting reduction of the various measures that proves stable 4 weeks and 6 months after treatment, the same way that sexuality seems reinvested by the victims. If this type of emergency is not a substitute for psychotherapy in no further, its contribution and its relevance in the context of an immediate management opens interesting perspectives for the treatment of victims of sexual assault.

Keywords: Emergency Protocol Rape

Accuracy Verified: Yes

276. Paunovic, N. (2002, April). Prolonged exposure counterconditioning (PEC) as a treatment for chronic post-traumatic stress disorder and major depression in an adult survivor of repeated child sexual and physical abuse. Clinical Case Studies, 1(2), 148-169. doi:10.1177/1534650102001002004.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Prolonged exposure counterconditioning (PEC) was tested as a treatment for chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in an adult survivor of repeated child sexual and physical abuse. PEC utilizes imaginal reliving of very pleasurable life moments in order to weaken traumatic conditioned emotional responses (CERs). A higher-order conditioned stimuli (CS) is used as a traumatic CER elicitor. Prolonged imaginal reliving of pleasurable CSs is used as a counterconditioner to the traumatic CERs. A statistical technique for analyzing single-case subject designs based on classical test theory was used to evaluate the client’s progress in treatment. Results showed that PEC effectively decreased the client’s PTSD symptoms, depression, and anxiety. In addition, the client’s negative cognitions became considerably more positive. Also, the client lost his comorbid conditions of chronic major depressive disorder and social phobia. Finally, other clinically observed symptoms, which are described in the article, improved markedly. All results were maintained at a 3-month follow-up.

Keywords: Imaginal Reliving PEC Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Prolonged Exposure Counterconditioning PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

277. Oren, U. (2008, December). Promising results with the EMDR method - Alleviating traumatized bodies and minds . Rehabilitation and Research Centre for Torture Victims: An International Evidence-Based Conference, Copenhagen, Denmark .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
A patient moving his eyes back and forth following the therapist's fingers as they move across his field of vision for 20-30 seconds. EMDR (Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) might sound as a scam, but in fact it is becoming a highly recognized and widespread treatment method. It is an innovative clinical treatment. It has successfully helped over one million people who have experienced psychological difficulties which originate from some kind of traumatic experience, such as sexual abuse, childhood neglect, road traffic accidents and violence.

Keywords: Mind-Body

Accuracy Verified: Yes

278. Shapiro, F. (2002, June). Protecting the future. Plenary presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Diego, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In the past 12 years, EMDR has evolved into an integrative treatment approach emphasizing not only symptom elimination, but learning and personal growth as well. However, the degree to which the client is benefited is determined by the orientation of the clinician. Likewise, the degree to which society is benefited is determined by the orientation of our field. What have we accomplished so far and what remains to be done? This presentation will review the history of EMDR over the last 12 years and the implications of these events for the future.

Keywords: History

Accuracy Verified: Yes

279. Jarero, I., Roque-López, S., & Gomez, J. (2013). The provision of an EMDR-based multicomponent trauma treatment with child victims of severe interpersonal trauma. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 7(1), 17-28. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.7.1.17.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This study evaluated a multicomponent phase-based trauma treatment approach for 34 children who were victims of severe interpersonal trauma (e.g., rape, sexual abuse, physical and emotional violence, neglect, abandonment). the children attended a week-long residential psychological recovery camp, which provided resource building experiences, the eye movement desensitization and reprocessing integrative group treatment protocol (emdr-igtp), and one-on-one emdr intervention for the resolution of traumatic memories. the individual emdr sessions were provided for 26 children who still had some distress about their targeted memory following the emdr-igtp. results showed significant improvement for all the participants on the child's reaction to traumatic events scale (crtes) and the short ptsd rating interview (sprint), with treatment results maintained at follow-up. more research is needed to assess the emdr-igtp and the one-on-one emdr intervention effects as part of a multimodal approach with children who have suffered severe interpersonal trauma.

Keywords: Children Complex Trauma Integrative Group Treatment Protocol Interpersonal Trauma Multicomponent-Phased Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

280. Montefiore, D., Mallet, L., Lévy, R., Allilaire, J-F., Pélissolo, A. (2007, Juin). Pseudo-démence conversive et état de stress post-traumatique [Pseudo-dementia conversion and post-traumatic stress disorder]. L'Encéphale, 33(3), 352-355. doi:10.1016/S0013-7006(07)92050-3.

Language: French

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Les états de stress post-traumatique (ESPT) sont souvent associés à d’autres troubles psychiatriques, mais la comorbidité avec les troubles somatoformes est peu étudiée. Le cas décrit dans cet article concerne un patient souffrant d’un ESPT déclenché par une agression sexuelle vécue à l’âge de 8 ans. Le déroulement de son histoire est néanmoins très particulier puisque l’agression a eu lieu plus de trente ans avant l’apparition des troubles. Pendant la plus grande partie de sa vie, entre 13 et 43 ans, le patient avait complètement occulté l’événement traumatique. Puis, pour des raisons inconnues, il développa un syndrome conversif pseudo-neurologique mimant un état démentiel inquiétant, qui persista plus d’un an. La disparition des symptômes neurologiques et la remémoration du traumatisme furent brutales, après que le patient ait vu, au cinéma, un film relatant l’histoire d’un homme victime d’une agression sexuelle. Apparurent alors les symptômes typiques d’un ESPT, puis d’un état dépressif sévère compliqué d’une tentative de suicide par pendaison. Les liens entre ESPT et conversion devraient faire l’objet d’études plus approfondies, d’un point de vueépidémiologique, clinique et de neuro-anatomie fonctionnelle.

The posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are often associated with other psychiatric disorders, but comorbidity with somatoform disorders is poorly studied. The case described in this article concerns a patient suffering from PTSD triggered by a sexual assault experienced at the age of 8 years. The course of its history is still very special because the assault occurred more than thirty years before the onset of disorders. During most of his life, between 13 and 43 years, the patient had completely obscured the traumatic event. Then, for reasons unknown, he developed a neurological syndrome conversive pseudo-dementia mimicking a state concern, which lasted over a year. The disappearance of neurological symptoms and recall of trauma were brutal, after the patient has seen the film, a film which tells the story of a male victim of sexual assault. Appeared while the typical symptoms of PTSD, then a severe depression complicated by attempted suicide by hanging. The relationship between PTSD and conversion should be further studied, a point vueépidémiologique, clinical and neuro-functional anatomy.

Keywords: Amnesia Conversion Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

281. Monticelli, M. L. (2008, Novembre). Psicoterapia cognitivo costruttivista e EMDR integrati: verso un’evoluzione mente-corpo consapevole e collettiva [Cognitive constructivist EMDR integrated into development mind-body awareness and collective]. Poster presentato al Applicazioni Cliniche dell'EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
I limiti mentali autoimposti acquisiti da copioni familiari reiterati in età evolutiva e da modelli operativi interiori acquisiti dalle autorità societarie attraverso mezzi di comunicazione di massa e regole educativo-lavorative, inducono percentuali sempre più rilevanti della popolazione europea alla vulnerabilità psicopatologica. L’esordio delle sintomatologie psichiche e somatiche di varia entità, avviene già in fasi precoci, nella primissima infanzia e spesso già nelle fasi prenatali, e il limite di età tende percentualmente a essere sempre più sensibile fin dal primo mese di vita. In età scolare si manifestano situazioni comportamentali quali il cosiddetto “bullismo” e fenomeni con campionature rilevanti di sindromi ipercinetiche con deficit attentivo e disturbi del-l’apprendimento. In adolescenza il contesto si complica e gli attacchi di panico, le sindromi depressive e i disturbi alimentari psicogeni dilagano, fino all’esordio di disturbi post-traumatici da stress che si incrementano in seguito alle difficili scelte di orientamento universitario o lavorativo. La vulnerabilità dell’età adulta si manifesta con disturbi somatoformi di diversa natura, disturbi psicocardiologici, sindromi ansioso-depressive, attacchi di panico, disturbi di coppia e relazionali, per citare i più frequenti e limitandomi solo ad accennare l’esistenza della molteplicità di disturbi iatrogeni. In tali soggetti, la consapevolezza di essere indotti in stati di shock che incrementano molteplici disturbi somatoformi e psicopatologici è praticamente assente. Essi, come pazienti, si rivolgono agli specialisti in ambito sanitario con la convinzione, spesso indotta da propagande dei mass-media, che tutto sia solo genetico, e vada "curato" con farmaci per lunghi periodi se non per tutta la vita. Anche da parte degli operatori sanitari vi sono ampie aree di inadeguatezza metodologica: ad esempio, la gravidanza viene gestita come fosse una malattia, riducendo la donna partoriente a una paziente alla quale troppo facilmente si “consiglia” il parto cesareo (statisticamente tra i più frequenti in Italia!) come metodo “veloce e sicuro” di parto, togliendo la competenza materna dell’imprinting alla nascita del bambino con le conseguenze psicologiche che ne derivano per la relazione madre-bambino e per la crescita serena di quest’ultimo, e, sempre a titolo esemplificativo, ignorano quasi del tutto gli aspetti di psicocardiologia, e il loro intervento si riduce a esami medici invasivi e a somministrazione di farmaci. Eppure, la psicoterapia cognitiva costruttivista, e specificamente modelli teorici e tecniche strategiche specialistiche note come EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing), l’utilizzo di biofeedback, l’innovativo training emotivo-cognitivo-comportamentale da me ideato nelle due versioni per la psicoterapia e per i gruppi in formazione che incrementa il riconoscimento emotivo e l’implementazione di immagini mentali idonee a modificare cognizioni e comportamenti irrazionali, quando eticamente e competentemente applicati, fanno molto per questi pazienti, sia in quanto si incrementa sensibilmente il livello della loro consapevolezza e della loro capacità di farsi protagonisti nel-l'evoluzione positiva della loro “guarigione”, sia in quanto si può intervenire in modo mirato con sperimentati protocolli per la risoluzione dello stato di trauma psichico in tempi ragionevolmente rapidi e con risultati attendibili e verificabili. Passando dalla dimensione individuale a quella collettiva, ossia alla psicopatologia collettiva cagionata dall’esposizione (anche solo mediatica) ad eventi catastrofici o angoscianti (magari associati a senso di impotenza, insicurezza, precarietà) o a diversi tipi di stress e vulnerabilità, possiamo aggiungere che, analogamente, mediante un lavoro su sistemi di neuroni specchio e sull'attivazione di nuove connessioni di reti neurali con un modello operativo non invasivo, si potrebbe migliorare la condizione di intere popolazioni rispetto a disturbi che, oggettivamente, sono in continua diffusione. Sarebbe opportuno iniziare una sensibilizzazione collettiva partendo dalla formazione per livelli differenziati degli operatori educativi e sanitari, per poi estenderla alla popolazione suddividendola per fasce di età e per territori di appartenenza; purtroppo la consapevolezza non è tra le aspettative primarie di committenti rivolti solo al profitto economico. In un contesto storico-culturale dove l’etica, le relazioni umane, la cooperazione sembrano utopiche fiabe, questa è la sfida di essere una perturbatrice emotivamente orientata ad amplificare la consapevolezza attraverso un nuovo modello psicoterapeutico e formativo integrato, al quale sto lavorando da alcuni anni con risultati incoraggianti e che sarà mia premura esporre dettagliatamente durante il Congresso EMDR 2008.

The self-imposed mental limitations acquired from family scripts repeated age and developmental models inner acquired by the company operating through means of mass communication and educational and working rules, induce percentage increasing as the population of Europe vulnerability to psychopathology. The onset of symptoms of various psychological and somatic entity, is already in the early stages, in early childhood and often known during prenatal and age limit percentage tends to be more sensitive since the first month of life. Age school behavioral situations occur where the so-called "bullying" and phenomena samples relevant syndromes of attention-deficit and hyperactive disorder - learning. In adolescence the context is complicated and panic attacks, the syndromes psychogenic depression and eating disorders are rampant, until onset of post-traumatic disorders stress which increases as a result of difficult choices of university or business orientation. The vulnerability of adulthood is manifested by different types of somatoform disorders, disorders psycho, anxious-depressive syndrome, panic attacks, disorders of torque and relational to cite the most frequent is limited only to mention the existence of multiplicity of disorders iatrogenic. In these subjects, conscious of being led into a state of shock that increase multiple somatoform disorders and psychopathology is virtually absent. They, like patients, addressed to specialists in the health field with the belief, often driven by propaganda media, that everything is just genetic, and must be "cured" with drugs for long periods if not for life. Including by health workers there are large areas of inadequacy methodological: for example, pregnancy is managed as if it were a disease, reducing the woman in labor to a patient which too easily "advise" Caesarean (statistically the most frequent in Italy!) as a method of "fast and safe childbirth, removing the competence of imprinting the birth mother of the child with the psychological consequences that entailed for the mother-child and to the peaceful growth of the latter, and, also example, know little about the aspects of psycho, and their intervention reduces to invasive medical examinations and medication. Yet, cognitive psychotherapy constructivist theoretical models and specific strategic and technical specialists known as EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing), the use of biofeedback, the innovative emotional-cognitive-behavioral training which I designed in two versions for psychotherapy and groups in training that increases the emotional recognition and implementation of mental images likely to change, knowledge and irrational behavior, when ethically and competently applied, do a lot for these patients, both because it increases significantly the level of their awareness and their ability to get players in - the positive development of their "healing", both as it can intervene in a targeted manner with tested protocols for the resolution of the state of psychic trauma in the reasonably rapid and reliable and verifiable results. Moving from individual dimension to that collective, that is caused by exposure to psychopathology group (even the media) to distressing or catastrophic event (perhaps associated with the sense of powerlessness, insecurity, instability) or different types of stress and vulnerability, we can add that, similarly, through a work on systems of mirror neurons and activation of new connections of neural networks with a model operating non-invasive, it could improve the condition of entire populations than disorders that, objectively, are in constant circulation. It would be appropriate to start a collective awareness levels, starting from training differential operators' education and health, then extend it to the population divides by age and territories belonging unfortunately the awareness is not between the expectations primary principals addressed only in profit or loss. In a historical-cultural context where ethics, human relations, cooperation seem utopian fairy tales, this is the challenge of being an emotionally disturbing oriented to amplify the awareness through a new model of psychotherapy and integrated training, which I working for several years with encouraging results and that will spell out my readiness EMDR 2008 during the Congress.

Keywords: Mind-Body Awareness Poster

Accuracy Verified: Yes

282. Gillies, D., Taylor, F., Gray, C., O’Brien, L., & D’Abrew, N. (2012). Psychological therapies for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents (Review). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Online), 12, CD006726. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006726.pub2.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is highly prevalent in children and adolescents who have experienced trauma and has high personal and health costs. Although a wide range of psychological therapies have been used in the treatment of PTSD there are no systematic reviews of these therapies in children and adolescents. Objectives: To examine the effectiveness of psychological therapies in treating children and adolescents who have been diagnosed with PTSD. Search methods: We searched the Cochrane Depression, Anxiety and Neurosis Review Group’s Specialised Register (CCDANCTR) to December 2011. The CCDANCTR includes relevant randomised controlled trials fromthe following bibliographic databases: CENTRAL (the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) (all years), EMBASE (1974 -), MEDLINE (1950 -) and PsycINFO (1967 -). We also checked reference lists of relevant studies and reviews. We applied no date or language restrictions. Selection criteria: All randomised controlled trials of psychological therapies compared to a control, pharmacological therapy or other treatments in children or adolescents exposed to a traumatic event or diagnosed with PTSD. Data collection and analysis: Two members of the review group independently extracted data. If differences were identified, they were resolved by consensus, or referral to the review team. We calculated the odds ratio (OR) for binary outcomes, the standardised mean difference (SMD) for continuous outcomes, and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for both, using a fixed-effect model. If heterogeneity was found we used a random-effects model. Main results Fourteen studies including 758 participants were included in this review. The types of trauma participants had been exposed to included sexual abuse, civil violence, natural disaster, domestic violence and motor vehicle accidents. Most participants were clients of a traumarelated support service. The psychological therapies used in these studies were cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), exposure-based, psychodynamic, narrative, supportive counselling, and eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR). Most compared a psychological therapy to a control group. No study compared psychological therapies to pharmacological therapies alone or as an adjunct to a psychological therapy. Across all psychological therapies, improvement was significantly better (three studies, n = 80, OR 4.21, 95% CI 1.12 to 15.85) and symptoms of PTSD (seven studies, n = 271, SMD -0.90, 95% CI -1.24 to -0.42), anxiety (three studies, n = 91, SMD -0.57, 95% CI -1.00 to -0.13) and depression (five studies, n = 156, SMD -0.74, 95% CI -1.11 to -0.36) were significantly lower within a month of completing psychological therapy compared to a control group. The psychological therapy for which there was the best evidence of effectiveness was CBT. Improvement was significantly better for up to a year following treatment (up to one month: two studies, n = 49, OR 8.64, 95% CI 2.01 to 37.14; up to one year: one study, n = 25, OR 8.00, 95% CI 1.21 to 52.69). PTSD symptom scores were also significantly lower for up to one year (up to one month: three studies, n = 98, SMD -1.34, 95% CI -1.79 to -0.89; up to one year: one study, n = 36, SMD -0.73, 95% CI -1.44 to -0.01), and depression scores were lower for up to a month (three studies, n = 98, SMD -0.80, 95% CI -1.47 to -0.13) in the CBT group compared to a control. No adverse effects were identified. No study was rated as a high risk for selection or detection bias but a minority were rated as a high risk for attrition, reporting and other bias. Most included studies were rated as an unclear risk for selection, detection and attrition bias. Authors’ conclusions: There is evidence for the effectiveness of psychological therapies, particularly CBT, for treating PTSD in children and adolescents for up to a month following treatment. At this stage, there is no clear evidence for the effectiveness of one psychological therapy compared to others. There is also not enough evidence to conclude that children and adolescents with particular types of trauma are more or less likely to respond to psychological therapies than others. The findings of this review are limited by the potential for methodological biases, and the small number and generally small size of identified studies. In addition, there was evidence of substantial heterogeneity in some analyses which could not be explained by subgroup or sensitivity analyses. More evidence is required for the effectiveness of all psychological therapiesmore than one month after treatment.Much more evidence is needed to demonstrate the relative effectiveness of different psychological therapies or the effectiveness of psychological therapies compared to other treatments. More details are required in future trials in regards to the types of trauma that preceded the diagnosis of PTSD and whether the traumas are single event or ongoing. Future studies should also aim to identify the most valid and reliable measures of PTSD symptoms and ensure that all scores, total and sub-scores, are consistently reported.

Keywords: Adolescents Children Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Review

Accuracy Verified: Yes

283. van Loey, N. E. E., & van Son, M. J. M. (2003). Psychopathology and psychological problems in patients with burn scars: Epidemiology and management. American Journal of Clinical Dermatology, 4(4), 245-272. doi:10.2165/00128071-200304040-00004.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Burn injury is often a devastating event with long-term physical and psychosocial effects. Burn scars after deep dermal injury are cosmetically disfiguring and force the scarred person to deal with an alteration in body appearance. In addition, the traumatic nature of the burn accident and the painful treatment may induce psychopathological responses. Depression and PTSD, which are prevalent in 13-23% and 13-45% of cases, respectively, have been the most common areas of research in burn patients. Risk factors related to depression are pre-burn depression and female gender in combination with facial disfigurement. Risk factors related to PTSD are pre-burn depression, type and severity of baseline symptoms, anxiety related to pain, and visibility of burn injury. Neuropsychological problems are also described, mostly associated with electrical injuries. Social problems include difficulties in sexual life and social interactions. Quality of life initially seems to be lower in burn patients compared with the general population. Problems in the mental area are more troublesome than physical problems. Over a period of many years, quality of life was reported to be rather good. Mediating variables such as low social support, emotion and avoidant coping styles, and personality traits such as neuroticism and low extraversion, negatively affect adjustment after burn injury. Few studies of psychological treatments in burn patients are available. From general trauma literature, it is concluded that cognitive (behavioral) and pharmacological (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) interventions have a positive effect on depression. With respect to PTSD, exposure therapy and eye movement reprocessing and desensitization [EMDR] are successful. Psychological debriefing aiming to prevent chronic post-trauma reactions has not, thus far, shown a positive effect in burn patients. Treatment of problems in the social area includes cognitive-behavioral therapy, social skills training, and community interventions. Sexual health promotion and counseling may decrease problems in sexual life. In conclusion, psychopathology and psychological problems are identified in a significant minority of burn patients. Symptoms of mood and anxiety disorders (of which PTSD is one) should be the subject of screening in the post-burn phase and treated if indicated. A profile of the patient at risk, based on pre-injury factors such as pre-morbid psychiatric disorder and personality characteristics, peri-traumatic factors and post-burn factors, is presented. Finally, objective characteristics of disfigurement appear to play a minor role, although other factors, such as proneness to shame, body image problems, and lack of self-esteem, may be of significance. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Burns Comorbidity Epidemiology Literature Review Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Predisposition PTSD Survivors Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

284. Adler-Nevo, G., & Manassis, K. (2005, September). Psychosocial treatment of pediatric posttraumatic stress disorder: The neglected field of single-incident trauma. Depression and Anxiety, 22(4), 177-189. doi:10.1002/da.20123.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Despite the prevalence of childhood trauma, studies regarding psychotherapy for children suffering from PTSD are scarce, especially regarding the treatment for pediatric PTSD following single-incident trauma. Treatment practices for this population rely mainly on the paradigms of therapy for adult PTSD and pediatric PTSD following sexual abuse. This review outlines the studies published in the last 10 years pertaining to the treatment of pediatric PTSD following single-incident trauma. This is done in the context of available literature on the paradigms mentioned above. Of 742 articles dealing with treatment of pediatric trauma, 10 were found relevant to the treatment of pediatric PTSD following single-incident trauma. The modalities of treatment most frequently reported in this context were cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), and play therapy. As a whole, CBT studies were methodologically more rigorous, used manualized, reproducible treatment, and were group, school-based therapies. EMDR treatments were usually short and individual. Most studies showed statistically significant improvement but were still methodologically lacking. We conclude that research on the subject of treatment for pediatric PTSD following single-incident trauma constitutes a neglected part of the study of pediatric PTSD. This stands in contrast to the obvious prevalence of this type of trauma. We encourage future research that will address issues such as clarifying the role of pharmacotherapy, comparing different modes of treatment, dismantling treatment "packages", researching developmentally sensitive treatments, conducting long-term follow-up, and comparing different PTSD populations. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adolescents Case Studies Cognitive Therapy Literature Review Pediatric Play Therapy Psychotherapy Review School Age Children PTSD Stressors Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

285. Fouya, V. (2010, Novembre). Psychotherapie - EMDR: Le pouvoir des yeux [Psychotherapy - EMDR: The power of eyes]. Le Vif/L'express, (Supplement) Extra, (46), 36.

Language: French

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
Ce sont d’abord les vétérans de la guerre du Vietnam qui en ont bénéficié. Aujourd’hui, l’EMDR s’utilise pour guérir des traumatismes de toutes natures. Rien qu’en bougeant les yeux... Traumatisme. Le mot résonne avec force. Il est associé à la violence, à l’intensité, à la mémoire aussi. Le traumatisme laisse des traces, il empêche souvent de vivre. On le conçoit aisément quand il s’agit de catastrophe naturelle ou de conflit armé, mais les blessés de la vie, nous en croisons tous les jours... La perte d’un enfant, des violences sexuelles, un accident de la route, ... Comment continuer après ? Psychologue spécialisée dans les traumatismes, Evelyne Josse a appris à utiliser l’EMDR lors d’interventions humanitaires ou auprès d’enfants malades. « La psychanalyse ne fonctionne pas pour ce type d’indications. Vous pouvez revisiter votre passé à loisir et identifier les causes de vos difficultés, ce n’est pas pour autant que vous serez soulagé de vos symptômes » D’abord séduite par l’hypnose, la psychothérapeute recourt aujourd’hui également à l’EMDR - désensibilisation et retraitement par le mouvement des yeux - pour traiter les phobies, les troubles alimentaires, les acouphènes, les dépressions et les stress post- traumatiques. « Non seulement c’est efficace mais c’est aussi rapide et une fois traités, les symptômes ne reviennent plus. » Concrètement, le travail démarre par un ou deux entretiens préalables qui vont permettre au thérapeute de cerner les difficultés de son patient. Ou plutôt sa difficulté majeure car il n’est pas question ici de s’interroger ici sur le sens de l’existence.... On identifie un problème spécifique et on s’attache à le traiter. Au cours des séances, le patient doit associer une image et des sensations à son expérience négative ; pendant qu’il la revit, il suit des yeux les mouvements des doigts du thérapeute. Une manière de stimuler latéralement les hémisphères cérébraux qui permettrait de « débloquer » l’information traumatique et de la reprogrammer de manière adéquate dans le cerveau. Anne a assisté à l’assassinant de son voisin. L’image de la terrasse ensanglantée la hantait jour et nuit et elle souffrait de crampes abdominales. « Pendant les séances, dès que les mouvements oculaires commençaient, les sensations revenaient en même temps que mes crampes. Au fur et à mesure, je suis arrivée à effacer ces images insoutenables et à les remplacer par des images plus « gérables ». J’ai retrouvé le sommeil, je peux à nouveau voir du sang et je me sens suffisamment sereine. J’ai fait 6 séances en tout et pour tout.»

First come the veterans of the Vietnam War who have benefited. Today, EMDR is used to heal injuries of all kinds. Just by moving the eyes ... Trauma. The word resonates strongly. It is associated with violence, intensity, memory too. Trauma leaves its mark, it often prevents them from living. It is easy to see when it comes to natural disaster or armed conflict, but the casualties of life, we come across every day ... The loss of a child, sexual violence, a car accident, ... How to continue after that? Psychologist specializing in trauma, Evelyne Josse has learned to use EMDR during humanitarian or with sick children. "Psychoanalysis does not work for such indications. You can revisit your past at your leisure and identify the causes of your problems is not to say that you will be relieved of your symptoms "At first seduced by hypnosis, psychotherapy today also uses EMDR - desensitization and reprocessing eye movement - to treat phobias, eating disorders, tinnitus, depression and post traumatic stress. "It's not only effective but also fast and once treated, the symptoms come back. " Specifically, the work starts with one or two prior interviews that will allow the therapist to identify the difficulties of his patient. Or rather the major problem because it is not about to question here on the meaning of life .... We identify a specific problem and is working to address it. During the sessions, the patient must attach an image and feeling to his negative experience, as he saw her, his eyes follow the movements of the fingers of the therapist. One way of stimulating the cerebral hemispheres laterally that would "unlock" the traumatic information and reprogram adequately in the brain. Anne attended the killing of his neighbor. The image of the terrace bloody haunted her day and night and she suffered from abdominal cramps. "During the meeting, that the eye movements began, the feeling came back together my cramps. As in, I got to clear these unbearable images and replace them with images more "manageable." I found the sleep, I can again see blood and I feel calm enough. I made six sessions in all and for all. "

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

286. Silinger, P. (2005, February 28). Psychotherapy's new tool - "EMDR" takes aim at anxiety. The Easterner.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
"It's not really a verbal therapy," says Carrie Brown, a trauma victim who, after several EMDR sessions, overcame the negative self-perception that typically follows victims of sexual abuse.
Updated: Saturday, October 10, 2009

Keywords: Anxiety General Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

287. McFarlane, A. (2010, June). PTSD as an information processing disorder. Keynote presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Posttraumatic stress disorder is a challenging condition, as people become captured by their past experiences and have difficulty engaging with the present. At the core of this condition is the role of traumatic memories, which orientate the individual's awareness and reactivity to reminders of the instigating traumatic event. The role of traumatic events has not been fully understood and grappled with in the full range of psychopathological conditions. This has important implications for the application of EMDR as a treatment for disorders above and beyond posttraumatic stress disorder.
However, the problems with information processing in PTSD go above and beyond the fear circuitry and reactivity to traumatic memories. Individuals with PTSD also have major difficulties with their self-orientation, which is reflected in deficits in default networks, the idling systems of the brain. These changes are indicative of problems in self-registration and free-floating reflection. Dissociative symptoms may relate to these abnormalities of individuals resting states as they reflect a sense of disconnection and integration of internal states into consciousness.
Secondly, posttraumatic stress disorder is associated with major problems in dealing with neutral environmental information. This is reflected in the symptoms of difficulty with concentration and emotional numbing. The underlying neurobiology of the working memory abnormalities in posttraumatic stress disorder will be highlighted. These studies show that, in PTSD, relatively simple attentional tasks recruit neural networks normally reserved for more demanding and higher order tasks. When confronted with more demanding challenges, individuals with PTSD do not have any further capacity to allocate to processing complex environments.
Individuals with PTSD also demonstrate a problem with switching their attentional focus from an idling to active state. The data suggests that they continue to use visio-spatial networks more than language-based systems for dealing with verbal tasks. This observation is in keeping with a broad body of literature, which suggests that there are problems with the processing of verbal memory tasks in PTSD. EMDR, as a treatment, may have an advantage, as it is not so dependent on verbal representations of traumatic experiences as other treatment approaches.
Finally, an important development in the field is a better understanding of the patterns of abnormal cortical arousal that accompany the peripheral arousal abnormalities in PTSD. Quantitative EEG has given insights into the instability of the cortical neural networks. Neurotherapy represents a treatment that can further assist clinicians in the management of these patients. It is important to consider the underlying psychosomatic aspects of posttraumatic stress disorder and ensure that treatment addresses these components as well the traumatic memories. Treatment should be thought of as a staged process where the processing of traumatic memories is only one component of a disorder that impacts on a range of information processing domains.

Keywords: Information Processing Keynote Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

288. Courtois, C. (1998, July). Recollections of sexual abuse: Principles and guidelines of treatment (EMDR not the focus). Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Baltimore, MD.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will be able to: 1) discuss some of the major issues in the delayed/recovered memory controversy; 2) list some of the long-term clinical correlates associated with a history of child sexual abuse; 3) list some of the clinical presentations of adults abuse or possibly abused as children as they pretain to memory; and 4) describe suggested guidelines for treatement of adults abused or possibley abused as children and most common stages and tasks of posttrauma treatment.

Keywords: Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

289. Ramos-Ruggiero, L., & Solomon, R. (2004, June). Recovery and processing of repressed traumatic memories during EMDR. In psychodynamics and EMDR (R. Hultstrand, Chair). Symposium conducted at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, Stockholm, Sweden .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The identification and description of different defense mechanisms was one of Freud’s early discoveries. Defense mechanisms are defined as unconscious strategies in order to protect the subject from painful and anxious emotions or affects. The first defense mechanism described by Freud was repression. The repression is defined as the process in which unacceptable impulses and/or affects associated with traumatic experiences, or unresolved conflicts are repressed into the unconscious.
During the last 100 years, a number of discussions and controversies have taken place regarding repression. Are the so-called repressed memories and experiences stored somewhere? In that care, how can the subject get access to such repressed memories during the psychotherapeutic process?
Originally, Freud suggested hypnosis and later on free associations as a way of accessing repressed and unprocessed traumatic experiences and the underlying emotional conflicts in ‘neurotic’ psychopathology.
Is it possible to use EMDR in order to track down repressed memories of severe traumatic memories? If this is indeed possible, can EMDR make possible both a re-experiencing and a processing of the conflictual content? Is it possible to work through and integrate shame, guilt, and hate associated with grave abuse through EMDR treatment?
During this workshop, an extensive clinical material is presented from treatment sessions with Grace, a woman of 55 with severely traumatic background (torture, prison, and childhood sexual abuse). During the workshop, several video-taped sequences will serve as examples of the remarkable findings as Grace, assisted by eye movements, for the first time recovers and re-experiences severely traumatic childhood experiences.
The EMDR treatment works simultaneously in disarming repression, to process, and to liberate her from severe psychosomatic symptoms; symptoms which have neither found explanation nor remedy during a long treatment process.

Keywords: Psychodynamism Repressed Memories Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

290. Silva, D. O. P. (2012, Novembro). Relato de caso de abuso sexual x EMDR [Report cases of sexual abuse and EMDR]. In temas diversos. Apresentação no II Congresso Brasileiro de EMDR, Brasília, Brasil.

Language: Portuguese

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Trata-se de uma adolescente de 17 anos, atendida no PAV-Programa de Atenção a Vítimas de Violência-SES/DF, que foi abusada sexualmente por um inquilino do lote onde morava com sua mãe, ocorrido durante um período não preciso da infância, por volta dos cinco anos de idade. Flashbacks ocorreram durante todo seu desenvolvimento, porém os sintomas se agravaram durante a adolescência, desenvolvendo transtorno alimentar, transtorno obssessivo-compulsivo, isolamento, despersonalização, depressão e ideação suicida. O tratamento com EMDR teve a duração de 3 meses, tendo como alvo as imagens dos momentos de abuso, a imagem da “substância verde e visguenta presa em sua garganta”, que representava o sexo oral que era induzida a praticar com o abusador, e que a levava a provocar o vômito de forma recorrente. Foram intensificados recursos positivos, visualizações antídotos e utilizados os protocolos clássico e de desenhos. Durante o tratamento alguns sintomas se intensificaram, necessitando de cuidadoso reforço e instalação de recursos positivos, porém as evidências de resolução adaptativa apareceram por meio do retorno à vida social, cessação dos episódios de indução de vômito, relatos de projetos de vida, melhora na auto-imagem, relatos de superação, e desenhos que demonstram a volta da alegria de viver, e a visualização dos eventos de forma diminuída, como algo que cessou e pertence ao passado. A paciente conta com uma sólida rede de apoio, a qual foi fundamental durante o processo.

This is a 17 years attended in PAV-Care Program for Victims of Violência-SES/DF who was sexually abused by a tenant of the lot where he lived with his mother, which occurred during a period not need infancy about five years of age. Flashbacks occurred throughout its development, but the symptoms worsened during adolescence, developing eating disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, isolation, depersonalization, depression and suicidal ideation. EMDR treatment lasted three months, targeting the images of abuse of moments, the image of "green substance and visguenta caught in her throat," which represented the oral sex he was induced to practice with the abuser, and which led her to induce vomiting recursively. Resources were enhanced positive views and antidotes used protocols and classic designs. During treatment some symptoms intensified, requiring careful reinforcement and installation of positive resources, but evidence of adaptive resolution appeared through the return to social life, cessation of episodes of induced vomiting, reports of life projects, improved self -image, overcoming reports, and drawings showing the back of the joy of living, and the visualization of the events so diminished, and ceased as something that belongs to the past. The patient has a strong support network, which was instrumental in the process.

Keywords: Children Sexual Abuse Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

291. Jenkins, S. (2008, June). Relieving suffering and restoring lives: Understanding and treating sexual abuse survivors. Poster session presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Without a thorough understanding of the physical, emotional, and spiritual impact of sexual assault and sexual abuse, therapists may reach an impasse with their clients. With this in mind, supplemental to EMDR training, and clinical experience, therapists must be knowledgable of the emotional, physical, developmental, and spiritual impact of sexual assault and sexual abuse. This presentation offers a holistic approach to the treatment of sexual assault and sexual abuse. Attendees will learn specific techniques for identifying, understanding, and treating it, as well as a greater understanding of the emotional, physical, developmental, and spiritual impact of such traumas. The information provided will enable therapists to conduct developmentally appropriate and clinically sound EMDR treatment. Furthermore, to help EMDR therapists facilitate their clients’ integration of traumatic events, information will be given on combining EMDR with a cross cultural shamanic approach to ego splitting or “soul loss.” Information and techniques will be provided on how to further facilitate processing during EMDR, in order to retrieve the parts of the self, the soul, that were “lost” or “split” during the trauma. Without recovering these parts, clients can be left open and unable to integrate their traumatic experiences. They can continue to experience a sense of not being “whole.” With this in mind, attendees will also learn how to further assist clients’ processing of the behavioural, emotional, physical, and cognitive aspects of traumatic events, thus facilitating clients processing via EMDR. Attendees will learn through a combination of case presentations, activities, and case presentations.

Keywords: Sexual Abuse Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

292. Grace, D. (1997, March 21). Repressed memory evidence in sexual cases — A legal perspective. Addres presented at a meeting of the Medico-Legal Society of Victoria at the Melbourne Club, The Proceedings of the Medico-Legal Society of Victoria, 123-139.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
This paper will examine a number of recent sexual cases that have come before the criminal courts in Australia in which the use of recovered memory evidence has been a feature . The issues that have arisen will be highlighted and suggestions made as to how to best test the veracity or reliability of such evidence.

Keywords: Repressed Memory Legal Cases Evidence Court Trials

Accuracy Verified: Yes

293. Figley, C., Dietrich, A., Maxfield, L., & Gentry, J. E. (1999, November). Review of neoteric trauma treatments and suggested practice guidelines. In C. Figley (Chair) Discussion, Clinical Theory. International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, Miami, FL.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), Thought Field Therapy (TFT), Time-Limited Trauma Therapy (TLTT), Traumatic Incident Reduction (TIR), and Visual/Kinesthetic Dissociation (V/KD) are relatively new approaches in the treatment of trauma-related disorders. These approaches have come under intense scientific and professional scrutiny and criticism, with proponents and critics offering diverse and intriguing arguments in support of their respective points of view. This discussion will focus on the current empirical and anecdotal evidence on the efficacy of these five approaches, as well as various criticisms that have been proferred in response to the empirical and clinical literature on treatment efficacy and theory. EMDR will be highlighted, given the growing empirical database on EMDR outcome studies and the contention surrounding the treatment and its’ theory. The evidence for and/or against the other four approaches will also be presented, upon which we will raise for discussion issues relating to methodological rigour, scientific reporting of clinical data, and the interpretation of efficacy studies in general. The discussion will occur within the context of philosophical discourse on the ideal of integration of science and practice, and the feasibility of attaining this ideal within the current scientific Zeitgeist. INTERVENTION RESEARCH, CLINICAL CASE STUDY Sandringham Skills-Based Treatment of Dissociation: A Case Study 238 Chair: ELHAI, Jon D., Nova Southeastern University Discussant: GOLD, Stephen A clinical case study of skills-based treatment of a 48-year-old, female survivor of child sexual abuse (CSA) reporting severe dissociative symptomatology is presented. Chief complaints were daily amnestic episodes, depersonalization, panic attacks, agoraphobia, and consequent long-term unemployment. In contrast to most approaches to therapy for dissociative syndromes, it is argued that treatment does not need to be primarily trauma-focused. Instead treatment focused on targeting dissociation and anxiety by teaching skills to be implemented by the client outside of session. Functional behavioral analysis of particular recent incidents of dissociation were conducted over several sessions. Imagery-based relaxation and progressive muscle relaxation were used and monitored to help the client learn additional methods of reducing distress. Grounding techniques were implemented to counter the dissociative tendency to lose experiential awareness of the here and now. Cognitive interventions were utilized to challenge the erroneous notions reported about dissociative experiences, such as the panic she experienced when her dissociation had been revealed to others. Last, in vivo systematic desensitization was used with a fear hierarchy, ranging from the least to most fearful stimuli that precipitate dissociation, where graduated exposure was followed by relaxation. At termination the client reported elimination of panic attacks, resumption of driving, and marked reduction in frequency and duration of amnestic periods, with substantial additional gains and progress in finding full-time employment reported at 8 month follow-up. Treatment outcome is assessed based on psychological test data obtained at intake, discharge, and 8 month follow-up, as well as client anecdotal report.

Keywords: Neoteric Trauma Treatments Practice Guidelines

Accuracy Verified: Yes

294. Sweet, A. A. (1991, December). Review: Wilson, Jonathan. (1990) The meaning of dreams Scientific American, 11, 86-96.. EMDR Network Newsletter, 1(2), 8.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
After a brief overview of the history of dreams and their supposed origins, he sets forth his theory that dreaming is a pivotal aspect in the processing of memory, specifically memory that may have survival value for the organism. Using his research on subprimate animals, Dr. Winson believes that he has isolated a brain wave (theta) that is the electrochemical marker for the processing of survival information in the brain. He further reports that in these lower organisms, the only other time this brain wave is present (other thaii in foraging, escaping, sexual behavior, predating, etc.) is during REM sleep.

Keywords: Dreams Rapid Eye Movement REM

Accuracy Verified: Yes

295. Sharp, I. R. (2003, August). The role of critical thinking skills in practicing psychologists' theoretical orientation and choice of intervention techniques. Drexel University.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Over the past two decades, professional psychology has witnessed a growing movement towards the utilization of psychotherapies that have empirical support. Despite this development, therapies that have not been empirically supported continue to experience widespread use. Concurrently, a collection of novel interventions, known as Power/Energy therapies (P/ET’s), has emerged. Although these therapies are based on questionable theoretical foundations and enjoy little or no empirical support, their popularity with clinicians appears to be strong and growing. There is scant research examining individual differences with respect to the practice habits of professional psychologists. The present study examined whether critical thinking skills are a factor in psychologists’ choice of therapeutic interventions, including their use of P/ET’s. As hypothesized, participants who reported using a number of techniques from Power and Energy therapies scored significantly lower on a measure of critical thinking skills. Also as hypothesized, individuals who reported using a number of cognitive-behavioral techniques scored significantly higher on the measure of critical thinking skills. Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

296. Mize, S. (2002, February). The role of eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in the interdisciplinary treatment of low sexual desire women. Presentation at the American Psychological Association Public Interest Directorate; Women's Programs.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
Low sexual desire disorder is the most common sexual dysfunction in women. There is no standard definition for "normal" sexual desire and there are many factors that can influence it, hence, low desire can be one of the more difficult sexual dysfunctions treat. Given its inherent complexity, it frequently requires interdisciplinary assessment and treatment. The present symposium is an attempt to share our model for the treatment of this widespread and yet, poorly understood dysfunction. One component of the complexity of low sexual desire is its correlation with other difficulties, for example, PTSD, depression, anxiety, relationship disturbance, physical illness, and life stress. Another one of these concerns is childhood sexual abuse. EMDR has been used very successfully to resolve the trauma associated with sexual assault as well as sexual dysfunctions. We will illustrate the use of EMDR with a woman presenting with low sexual desire and a history of sexual abuse. EMDR methodology will be described. The use of EMDR for abuse recovery as a method of resolving low desire will be discussed. We will explore a number of important therapeutic issues including: (1) fundamental questions of responsibility, control and safety as they relate to sexual abuse and ultimately sexual desire in the current relationship; (2) individuation from partner and perpetrator, barriers to this process and the impact on sexual desire of successful differentiation; and (3) repression of anger and the concomitant physical manifestations. In addition, we will discuss the collaboration with both sexual medicines and psychiatry around modulation of medications to maximize treatment outcomes with EMDR.

Enhancing Outcomes in Women's Health: Translating Psychosocial Behavioral Research Into Primary Care, Community Interventions, and Health Policy; American Psychological Association [American Psychological Association Public Interest Directorate; Women's Programs].

Keywords: Females Inhibited Sexual Desire Low Sexual Desire Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: No

297. Wernik, U. (1993). The role of the traumatic component in the etiology of sexual dysfunctions and its treatment with eye movement desensitization procedure. Journal of Sex Education and Therapy, 19(3), 212-222.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This is the first field report of the application of the Eye Movement Desensitization (EMD) procedure to the treatment of sexual dysfunctions. EMD and its application are described using case illustrations.When a careful examination of clients is made, it is often discovered that the very inception of the dysfunction becomes traumatic. In the relevant sex therapy literature, the role of trauma in the etiology of sexual dysfunctions is largely underestimated. Clinical experience suggests that EMD is an effective economic and safe technique, which combines easily with other sex therapy measures. It is an option to be considered when other techniques fail, and is especially suitable for clients without partners. The assessment as to whether or not to use EMD is, in and of itself, therapeutically beneficial. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Etiology Israelis Males Posttraumtatic Stress Disorder PTSD Sexual Dysfunctions Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

298. Wernick, U. (1993). The role of the traumatic component in the etiology of sexual dysfunctions and its treatment with eye movement desensitization procedure. Journal of Sex Education and Therapy, 19(3), 212-222.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This is the 1st field report of the application of the Eye Movement Desensitization (EMD) procedure to the treatment of sexual dysfunctions. EMD and its application are described using 2 case illustrations. When a careful examination of clients is made, it is often discovered that the very inception of the dysfunction becomes traumatic. In the relevant sex therapy literature, the role of trauma in the etiology of sexual dysfunctions is largely underestimated. Clinical experience suggests that EMD is an effective, economic, and safe technique, which combines easily with other sex therapy measures. It is an option to be considered when other techniques fail, and is especially suitable for clients without partners. The assessment as to whether or not to use EMD is, in and of itself, therapeutically beneficial. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Sexual Dysfunctions

Accuracy Verified: Yes

299. Forgash, C. A., & Knipe, J. (2001, June). Safety-focused EMDR/Ego state treatment of severe ego state disorders. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Austin, TX.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will learn 1) why emotional safety is a primary concern in the treatment of Ego State Disorders with EMDR; 2) a way to accurately monitor, using treatment, a client's orientation to present time and safety; and 3) specific innovative treatment strategies which use alternate stimulation to enhance feelings of safety, thereby facilitating processing.

Keywords: Ego State Therapy Emotional Safety Integrated EMDR/Ego State Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

300. Pena, M. (2006). Sanar el dolor a traves del movimiento ocular [Healing the pain through eye movement]. Buenos Aires: Kier.

Language: Spanish

Format: Book

Abstract:
Ningún Método aplicado por la medicina tradicional ha podido terminar con esta clase de sufrimiento. Hoy, gracias a la novedosa técnica EMDR (Movimientos Oculares de Desensibilización y Reprocesamiento), nos encontramos ante un nuevo paradigma terapéutico: la posibilidad real de terminar con el dolor. Los recuerdos traumáticos se aíslan en el cerebro como resultado de los neuroquímicos producidos por el cuerto en el momento del trauma, que se almacenan sin asimilar durante años. El trabajo que se realiza a través del movimiento de los ojos desbloquea estos recuerdos reconectando las redes neuronales, antes aisladas del resto del cerebro, logrando así eliminar la sensación de dolor que el recuerdo genera en el paciente. Las técnicas EMDR y T.I.C. (Técnicas de Integración Cerebral) se han utilizado con enorme éxito en personas que sufrieron graves traumas: asaltos, abusos sexuales, así como en soldados con secuelas de guerra (Guerra de los Balcanes en Sarajevo, Bosnia), en víctimas de ataques con bombas (Oklahoma, EE.UU), en pacientes con ataques de pánico y fobias. Es tratamiento de soldados con estrés de combate, víctimas de inundaciones y huracanes y en los sobrevivientes al ataque a las Torres Gemelas en Nueva York, EE.UU., en 2001. La Lic. Marta Peña nos acerca en esta obra las bases y aplicaciones de las técnicas con ejemplos de exitosos casos clínicos reales.

No method used by traditional medicine has failed to finish with this kind of suffering. Today, thanks to the new technique EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing), we face a new treatment paradigm: a real chance to end the pain. Isolated traumatic memories in the brain as a result of neurochemicals produced by the cuerto at the time of trauma, which are stored for years without assimilating. The work done through eye movement unlock these memories reconnecting the neural network, previously isolated from the rest of the brain, thus eliminating the sensation of pain that the memories generated by the patient. EMDR techniques and T.I.C. (Cerebral Integration Techniques) have been used with great success in people who suffered severe trauma: assaults, sexual abuse, as well as soldiers with sequelae of war (War in the Balkans in Sarajevo, Bosnia), victims of bombings ( Oklahoma, USA) in patients with panic attacks and phobias. It's treatment of soldiers with combat stress, flood and hurricane victims and survivors of the attack on the Twin Towers in New York, USA, in 2001. Ms. Marta Peña us about this document the basis and applications of the techniques with examples of successful real clinical cases.

Keywords: General Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

301. Rothbaum, B. O. (1996, June). Scientific investigations into EMDR (Part I) - A controlled study of eye movement desensitization in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disordered sexual assault victims. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Adults Americans Females Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Random Clinical Trial Rape RCT Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

302. Becker, L., Edmond, T., Rubin, A. & Baldwin, W. (1996, June). Scientific investigations into EMDR (Part II) – Evaluating the effectiveness of EMDR in reducing trauma symptoms in adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

303. Forrest, M. S. (1995, June). Self-soothing and the multiple trauma survivor. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Remember the joke about the doctor who says, "The operation was a success, but the patient died"? That's how some clients feel about EMDR. They succeed in accessing deep and important material, but find themselves extremely depressed and/or anxious in the days afterward. For these clients, who are often survivors of multiple trauma such as long-tenn child abuse or incest, the ability to self-soothe (both during and after an EMDR session) makes the difference between whether they regard EMDR as a useful tool or a necessary evil. To find out what self-control techniques work best for such clients, I interviewed EMDR clients (all women) who had experienced long-term sexual abuse in childhood. The first thing I learned was that for survivors of multiple trauma, the ability to feel safe starts long before EMDR is ever used. Many women cited their relationship with their therapist as the foundation of their feeling safe with EMDR: "I trust my therapist absolutely." One client's therapist told her he had used EMDR himself: "That made a huge difference to me," she said. Other advance work included planning and taking preventative measures. Planning means picking the right time (and pace) for doing EMDR: being sure the therapist and/or other support people will be available in the days after the session; not driving or going back to work afterward (if possible); being able to have plenty of alone time; and going slowly, doing EMDR in small increments. "I didn't expect myself to go out in the world and be social afterward. I was pretty raw for a few days, sometimes for a whole week," B. told me. Planning also means taking preventive measures, such as teaching the client how to find "a safe place." Most clinicians know the importance of this, but one of the women I interviewed was emphatic that creating a safe place was very different from being able to go to it when she was in a session and reliving the experience of being a three-year-old overwhelmed by extreme grief or terror. She said she needed a lot of practice accessing her safe place and some special interventions (see below) to get through the intense times. Being able to self-soothe between sets of eye movements was very difficult for most clients. "I cry all the time we do it," S. told me. "I have to sit near the door and not have my therapist sit too close," said M. Another woman said, "We do the eye movements for a few seconds and we talk in between."One successful intervention, especially for clients overwhelmed by the intensity of their feelings, involved the therapist asking his client to listen to the sound of his breathing and to breathe along with him. Another clinician has his client when she gets extremely upset ask her "inner guide or "higher power" whether it's "okay to continue;" a third asks, "Is there more underneath or is it time to wind down?" Letting the client control the pace and progress of his/her own processing can be an important way to teach self-trust -- especially to people for whom loss of power was endemic to their abuse. Some clients are able to repeat special phrases or afirmations over and over between sets to calm themselves. L., a ritual abuse survivor, said she grounds herself by silently reciting a mindfulness verse from Zen master Thich Naht Hanh in time with her inbreath and out-breath: "In, out. Deep, slow, Calm, ease. Smile, release. In, out. Deep, slow ...... Different kinds of self-soothing techniques work best after the eye-movement sets are completed. Immediately afterwards, while still in session, one client said she falls asleep for a few minutes -- she finds this a big help in countering the dissociated state in which she typically concludes an EMDR session. Another said she and her therapist share a cup of tea and talk over what happened as a way to "come down" and normalize the experience. Some clinicians close a session by doing eye movements to reinforce the client's safe place. One woman said her therapist has her "cement the present in place" by doing eye movements on either a present-day image, an image of her inner child in the safe place, or a positive statement. Francine Shapiro has often said that what happens after the EMDR session can be as important as what happens during it. The women I interviewed felt exactly the same way. They had learned the necessity of talung exquisitely good care of themselves in the hours and days that follow. "I take time-and time out," declared B., who often has a delayed fear reaction following EMDR. Most clients said they go home and either curl up in bed or in a favorite rocking chair with their stuffed animals. They cry, sleep, write in their journals, draw pictures, listen to music, look at favorite photographs, and/or call a support person. M. uses self-talk to ease her feelings: "I say to myself, 'You know that knot of fear. I know it's only fear. I know that nothing is going to hurt me right now'." For others, going home immediately is not the best option: D. takes a walk along the shores of Long Island Sound; C., the mother of three young children, finds solace in a favorite bookstore. Sometimes all the planning in the world doesn't help: the abreaction seems to launch the client back to the age she was when she was abused - and she simply can't remember how to calm herself. To counter this, several clients said they carry a list of things they can do to quiet themselves. S. finds reading mystery stories comforting("At the end you always find out what really happened."), but has to keep two of them on her bedside table at all times: "If they're not in full view, I forget about using them." One interesting example of "assigned" self-soothing was given by a ritual abuse survivor who was new to EMDR. After a session when a lot of memories came up about how her sexuality was used and degraded during the abuse, her therapist gave her very specific instructions on how to care for herself, including buying a romantic nightgown and soaking in bath salts for 45 minutes; listening to romantic music; and not touching or kissing her partner for 48 hours. "It worked out great!" she told me happily. "I felt SO pretty and so safe." The conclusion I reached about how multiple-trauma survivors learn to self-soothe in the face of the intense feelings EMDR can trigger is not revolutionary. The recipe is: Step 1. Plan for the worst. Step 2. Let the client select the self-soothing techniques that specifically fit for her or him. Step 3. Make sure s/he is able to use these techniques no matter how intense his/her emotions are. Sometimes this will call for the therapist to take an active role by either leading the client in specific calming techniques or by assigning very clear-cut homework. If the recipe calls for planning and practicing, then the pot in which the ingredients are cooked is labeled "TRUST"-trust before initiating EMDR, trust during the eye movements, and trust after the sets are completed. Unless the client deeply trusts the clinician, the method itself, and his or her own capacity to go into the feelings and me out safely, the recipe for success with EMDR can turn into a recipe for disaster.

Keywords: Survivor Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

304. Burkart, T. (2007, September). Seminar: EMDR bei bulimia nervosa [EMDR for bulimia nervosa]. Psychotherapeutishchen Zentrums Kitzberg-Klinik Bad Mergentheim.

Language: German

Format: Other

Abstract:
Ich möchte in meinem Seminar am Beispiel der Bulimia nervosa zeigen, wie die Methodik der modernen Traumatherapie mit den Phasen Stabilisierung, Ressourcenorgansiation, Exposition und Neuorientierung auch auf bindungsrelevante Traumatisierungen im Sinne schwerer Kränkung, Demütigung oder öffentlicher Beschämung erweitert werden kann. Hier möchte ich vor allem die Möglichkeiten erfolgreicher Exposition deutlich machen. Ein entscheidender Grund, EMDR in die Essstörungsbehandlung einzuführen, war die Tatsache, dass mit großer Häufigkeit makro- und mikrotraumatisches Material in der Lebensgeschichte der Patientinnen und ihrer Familien vorkommt. Die Untersuchung der Makrotraumata zeigt eine enorme Häufigkeit sexueller Missbrauchserfahrungen bei den essgestörten Mädchen und jungen Frauen; die Häufigkeit liegt wahrscheinlich bei etwa 25 – 30 % (Köpp & Jacoby 2000) und damit 4mal höher als im allgemeinen Durchschnitt. Aber nicht nur die Makrotraumen wie Objektverlust, erlittene Gewalt, sexueller Missbrauch haben diese Wirkung, sondern auch die Mikrotraumen, dies sind kumulative Verletzungen der kindlichen Schutz- und Entwicklungsbedürfnisse. Sie sind weniger offensichtlich, sie sind auch weniger bewusst, sie sind aber nicht weniger wirksam. Sie bewirken nicht die einmalige große Erschütterung der Person, sondern eher eine permanente Vergiftung.

I want to show nervosa in my seminar on the example of bulimia, such as the methodology of modern trauma therapy with the stabilization phase, Ressourcenorgansiation, Exposure and refocus on bond-related trauma in the sense severe insult, humiliation or shaming can be extended. here I would especially make the possibilities of successful exposure significantly. A key reason, introduce EMDR into the eating disorder treatment, the Fact that in a high frequency macro-and micro-traumatic material Life history of the patients and their families occurs. The study of macro trauma are enormous frequency of sexual Abuse experiences among girls and young women suffering from eating disorders, the incidence is probably at about 25 - 30% (Koepp Jacoby & 2000), and 4 times higher than in the order general average. But not only the macro traumas such as loss of the object, experienced violence, sexual abuse have this effect, but also the micro-trauma, these are cumulative injuries child protection and development needs. They are less obvious, they are even less aware, but they are no less effective. Do not bring the unique great disturbance in the person, but rather a permanent poisoning.

Keywords: Bulimia Nervosa

Accuracy Verified: Yes

305. Astbury, J. (2006, December). Services for victim/ survivors of sexual assault - Identifying needs, interventions and provision of services in Australia. Issues, Australian Centre for the Study of Sexual Assault, 6, 1-26.

Language: English

Format: Publication

Abstract:
Firstly, the perceived needs of victim/survivors are identified. Secondly, literature on the existing interventions that are perceived to address these needs, and data on their effectiveness are reviewed. Currently, most of these interventions are therapeutic or counselling interventions. Finally, data on the services that currently provide these interventions, with patterns of service usage, barriers to using these services, and the characteristics of these services that victim/survivors find particularly valuable are identified. The paper will end by making some recommendations for primary health care providers working with victim/survivors of sexual assault. The paper employs a gendered, health and human rights perspective and an ‘ecological framework’ to inform the overall aim of investigating current intervention programs for victim/survivors of sexual assault. A multilevel ecological perspective informed This paper begins to address this gap by providing a summary of the international and national literature that exists on sexual assault services. The paper focuses by a gender and human rights perspective is considered the most appropriate model for understanding interpersonal violence including sexual violence (Krug, Dahlberg, Mercy, Zwi, & Lozano, 2002). The ecological framework recognises the multifaceted nature of sexual violence and encourages exploration of the relationship between individual and contextual factors. Sexual violence is seen as the product of multiple levels of influence on behaviour from the level of the individual, to relationships, community and society.

Keywords: Violence

Accuracy Verified: Yes

306. Perrin, M. (2011, August). Sex addiction: Incorporating EMDR into the treatment of the sex addict. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Orange County, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
“Sex Addiction: Incorporating EMDR into the Treatment of the Sex Addict” will focus on understanding the foundational issues of sex addiction including the chemical and relational components. We will discuss identification and management of the traumas inherent in this addiction dynamic including attachment issues, sexual and physical dynamics that go into the creation of this addiction as well as the impact of the issue on the individual’s ability to create significant emotional attachments with others.

Keywords: Sex Addiction

Accuracy Verified: Yes

307. Ferrie, R. K. (2010, April/May). Sex, dreams and EMDR: Incorporating a focus on nightmares and dreams in therapy of sexual dysfunction. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR Canada, Toronto, Ontario.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
There is an increasing body of neuro-scientific knowledge linking the mechanism of action of EMDR to that of REM sleep. This workshop will discuss how to treat nightmare disorders of REM sleep using EMDR by reviewing cases of traumatically caused sexual dysfunction. The workshop will explore how using EMDR to target dreams allows unique treatment effects to occur. A discussion of cases will be used to illustrate the application of the above findings of neuroscience to actual EMDR treatment of this particular post- traumatic disorder, which is so deeply imbedded in the body. Video portions of sessions will be provided.

Keywords: Dreams Nightmares Sexual Dysfunction

Accuracy Verified: Yes

308. Belton, R., Gould, E., & Passano, B. (1992, April). Sexual abuse. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Sunnyvale, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

309. Gould, E., Korn, D., Nelson, S., & Forrest, M. S. (1994, March). Sexual abuse. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Sunnyvale, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

310. Gould, E., Korn, D., Nelson, S., & Forrest, M. S. (1993, March). Sexual abuse. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Sunnyvale, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

311. Leserman, J. (2005). Sexual abuse history: Prevalence, health effects, mediators, and psychological treatment. Psychosomatic Medicine, 67(6), 906-915. doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000188405.54425.20.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Objective: Lifetime history of sexual abuse is estimated to range between 15% and 25% in the general female population. People who are sexually abused are at greater risk for a whole host of physical health disorders that may occur many years after the abusive incident(s). Despite the high prevalence of this trauma and its association with poor health status, abuse history often remains hidden within the context of medical care. The aims of this review are to determine which specific health disorders have been associated with sexual abuse in both women and men, to outline the types of sexual abuse associated with the worst health outcome, to discuss some possible explanations and mediators of the abuse/health relationship, to discuss when and how to talk about abuse within a clinical setting, and to present evidence for which psychological treatments have been shown to improve the mental health of patients with past sexual abuse. Method: To meet these objectives, we have reviewed a wide literature on the topic of sexual abuse. Results: We demonstrate that abuse appears to be related to greater likelihood of headache and gastrointestinal, gynecologic, and panic-related symptoms; that the poor health effects associated with abuse are also seen in men; that abuse involving penetration and multiple incidents appears to be the most harmful, and that exposure-type therapies with and without cognitive behavioral therapy hold promise for those with abuse history. Conclusion: We need more research examining psychological treatments that might be efficacious in treating the physical health problems associated with sexual abuse history.

Keywords: HMO Health Maintenance Organization HPA Hypothalamic-Pituitaryadrenocortical Review Posttraumatic Stress DIsorder PTSD Sexual Abuse Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

312. Edmond, T. (2003, September). Sexual abuse survivors' perceptions of the effectiveness of EMDR and eclectic therapy. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Eclectic Therapy Sexual Abuse Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

313. Edmond, T., Sloan, L., & McCarty, D. (2004, July). Sexual abuse survivors’ perceptions of the effectiveness of EMDR and eclectic therapy. Research on Social Work Practice, 14(4), 259-272. doi:10.1177/1049731504265830.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Objective: This article examines survivor perspectives of the effectiveness of two different treatments for trauma symptoms among adult female survivors of childhood sexual abuse -- Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) and eclectic therapy. Method: Qualitative interviews obtained in the context of a mixed-methods study were conducted with 38 adult female survivors of childhood sexual abuse. Results: Two major differences in outcomes between the two treatment approaches were observed. There were considerable distinctions between the two treatment groups in terms of the importance and effect of the client-therapist relationship, and in terms of the depth of change reportedly caused by the different therapies. Conclusions: Survivors' narratives indicate that EMDR produces greater trauma resolution, while within eclectic therapy, survivors more highly value their relationship with their therapist, through whom they learn effective coping strategies. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Americans Child Abuse Depressive Disorders Empirical Study Females Individual Psychotherapy Mixed Methods Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Quantitative Study Rape Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

314. Chivers-Wilson, K. A. (2006). Sexual assault and posttraumatic stress disorder: A review of the biological, psychological and sociological factors and treatments. McGill Journal of Medicine, 9(2), 111-118.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Sexual assault occurs with alarming frequency in Canada. The prevalence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in assault survivors is drastically higher than the national prevalence of the disorder, which is a strong indication that the current therapies for sexualassault- related PTSD are in need of improvement. Increasing knowledge and understanding of the pathologies associated with rape trauma in biological, psychological and sociological domains will help to develop more effective treatments for survivors. A dysregulation of the Hypothalamic- Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis is observed in survivors of sexual assault and this may be a fundamental cause of the structural and functional abnormalities contributing to PTSD symptoms. Pharmacotherapies are available to treat PTSD; however, they are often inadequate or unwanted by the survivor. Psychological health is compromised following interpersonal trauma and many psychological therapies are available, but with varying efficacy. A person's cognitions have a dramatic effect on the onset, severity, and progress of PTSD following sexual assault. Sociological impacts of assault influence the development of PTSD through victim-blaming attitudes and the perpetuation of rape myths. Perceived positive regard and early social support is shown to be important to successful recovery. Education is vital in rape prevention and to foster a supportive environment for survivors. The biological, psychological and sociological impacts and treatments should not remain mutually exclusive. A better appreciation of the biopsychosocial repercussions of sexual assault will aid in developing a more holistic and individualized therapy to help alleviate the physical and emotional pain following the trauma of rape.

Keywords: Pharmacotherapy Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Sexual Assault Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

315. Koedam, W. S. (2007). Sexual tauma in dsfunctional marriages: Integrating structural therapy and EMDR. In F. Shaprio, F. W. Kaslow, & L. Maxfield (Eds.), Handbook of EMDR and family therapy processes (pp.223-242). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Sexual abuse survivor couples who choose to engage in marital therapy often present with problems around attachment, intimacy, infidelity, rage, a sense of entrapment, feelings of betrayal, low self-esteem, powerlessness, codependency, and a need to control or have power. Their individual histories become critical to understanding what type of interventions to implement as these individuals continue to respond to one another in an almost stylized and predictable manner. This chapter describes a treatment approach that combines Structural Family Therapy (SFT) and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) in marital therapy when one or both partners have a history of childhood sexual abuse. In this approach, the therapist begins with SFT and then shifts to EMDR treatment of the traumatized partner. This shift is to process the survivor's abuse experience so that he or she can come to an adaptive resolution. This sets the stage for the survivor to respond differently to the possible triggers in his or her life as well as in the relationship. Once the EMDR process is complete and the couple participates in joint debriefing of the EMDR intervention, they reengage in the SFT marital sessions while integrating insights and adaptations the trauma survivor has gained from the EMDR work. This approach involves the applications of the EMDR standard protocol. It also uses the core elements of SFT, such as joining, restructuring diffuse and rigid boundaries, relabeling, and enactments. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Dysfunctional Marriages Emotional Trauma Integrative Psychotherapy Marriage Counseling. Sexual Abuse Sexual Trauma Structural Family Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

316. Posmontier, R., Dovydaitis, T., & Lipman, K. (2010, August). Sexual violence: Psychiatric healing with eye movement reprocessing and desensitization. Health Care for Women International, 31(8), 755-768. doi:10.1080/07399331003725523.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Sexual violence, which affects one in three women worldwide, can result in significant psychiatric morbidity and suicide. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) offers health care providers the option of a brief psychiatric intervention that can result in psychiatric healing in as few as four sessions. Because health care providers often hear stories of sexual violence from their patients, they are in an ideal position to make recommendations for treatment. The purpose of this article is to introduce health care providers to the technique of EMDR, review safety and appropriateness, and discuss clinical and research implications.[Author abstract]

Keywords: Sexual Violence

Accuracy Verified: Yes

317. Strenge, H. (2005). Sexuelle traumata und ihre behandlung mit EMDR [Sexual traumas and their treatment with EMDR]. In G. Nissen, H. Csef, W. Wolfgang, & F. Badura (Eds.), Sexualstörung: Ursachen - Diagnose- Therapie (pp. 147-155). Darmstadt: Steinkopff. doi:10.1007/3-7985-1600-6_12.

Language: German

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Die EMDR-Therapie mit sexuell traumatisierten Patienten erfordert psychotraumatologische Behandlungserfahrung (Peichl 2000). Auf unbewusste Blockierungen während des Prozesses, Affektdysregulation, chronische Übererregung oder dissoziative Zustände ist zu achten und angemessen zu reagieren, beispielsweise mit geleiteten Imaginationen oder differenzierten Einwebtechniken (Shapiro 1995; Parnell 2003). Der Sicherheitsaspekt spielt eine große Rolle, vor allem bei Patienten aus inzestuösen Familien, die häufig nur im Alleinsein ausreichend Schutz und Sicherheit empfanden. Jede neue Beziehung, auch in der Therapie, muss daher im Vorfeld einen Glaubwürdigkeitstest bestehen und für den Patienten eine klare Unterscheidung zwischen Fürsorglichkeit und ausbeutender Sexualität ermöglichen. Dabei erscheint unentbehrlich, dass sich der Therapeut seiner Wertvorstellungen und Überzeugungen hinsichtlich der zahlreichen Aspekte von sexueller Gewalt bewusst wird. EMDR bei sexuell Traumatisierten stellt erhöhte Anforderungen an die Stabilisierungsbedürfnisse der Patienten und die therapeutische Flexibilität des Therapeuten. Die frühzeitige Erkennung und therapeutisch angemessene Bewertung von spontan auftauchenden dissoziativen Symptomen, Körpersensationen ohne visuelle Erinnerungen und starken Abreaktionen stellen besondere therapeutische Herausforderungen dar. Hierbei entscheidet sich, ob der Therapeut vom Patienten als empathisches, gegenwärtiges und angstfreies Objekt erlebt und geschätzt werden kann.

The EMDR therapy with sexually traumatized patients requires psychotraumatological treatment experience (Peichl 2000). blockages at the unconscious during the process, Affektdysregulation, chronic hyperarousal or dissociative states to respect and respond appropriately, for example with guided imagery or differentiated Einwebtechniken (Shapiro 1995, Parnell 2003). The security aspect plays an important role, especially in patients from incestuous families, often felt only in being alone sufficient protection and security. Each new relationship, even in therapy must, therefore run in a credibility test for the patient there and make a clear distinction between caring and exploitative sex. It seems essential that the therapist's values and beliefs regarding the many aspects of becoming aware of sexual violence. EMDR for sexually traumatized places increased demands on the stabilization needs of patients and the therapeutic flexibility of the therapist. The early diagnosis and therapeutic proper assessment of spontaneously arising dissociative symptoms, body sensations without visual memories and strong abreaction provide special therapeutic challenge this will determine whether the therapist can be experienced by the patient as empathic, present, and fear-free object and appreciated.

Keywords: Sexual Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

318. Matthess, H., & Yang, Y. (2010, July). Social and cultural adaptation. Presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
We know from research that since neurobiology is the same for humans, then the reaction to stress is the same for all human beings in the world. That is why EMDR works so well with victims of natural disasters and of adverse childhood experiences, including sexual and physical violence and emotional neglect. Because of cognitive functioning, e.g., creating metaphors and images for self-soothing, establishing social contact and/ or personal interpretation, or assigning meaning to stressful experiences, we have to emphasize the importance of cultural influences. We want to invite people from different cultures to join this open meeting to present, share, and discuss their experiences and perhaps difficulties with cultural adaptation of trauma-therapy techniques, including EMDR. For example, we may need to examine where and how the wording of the EMDR-protocol needs to be adapted to recognize and accommodate cultural differences; perhaps we need to look at the language structure and its accessibility. Let us share our ideas and experiences so that we may get new insights on how to more effectively implement our trauma-therapy techniques and spread our knowledge about neurobiology to various cultural backgrounds.

Keywords: Social and Cultural Adaptation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

319. Ricci, R. J., Clayton, C. A., & Shapiro, F. (2006, December). Some effects of EMDR on previously abused child molesters: Theoretical reviews and preliminary findings. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology, 17(4), 538-562. doi:10.1080/14789940601070431.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Ten child molesters with reported histories of childhood sexual abuse underwent eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) trauma treatment as an adjunct to standard cognitive-behavioural therapy-relapse prevention (CBT-RP) group treatment. Trauma resolution produced significant pre/post changes on all relevant subscales of the Sexual Offender Treatment Rating Scale (SOTRS). One unanticipated benefit was a consistent and sustained decline in deviant sexual arousal compared to the control condition. As measured by the SOTRS, decrease in arousal was also correlated with a decrease in sexual thoughts, increased motivation for treatment, and increased victim empathy. Deviant arousal is strongly associated with sexual recidivism. Clinical observations support the notion that those sexual offenders with histories of childhood sexual abuse may be left with aberrant sexual arousal, which is one pathway to sexual offending. The adaptive information processing model offers an explanation of the decreased and sustained deviant arousal observed in this study. This preliminary evidence supports a call for further research into this phenomenon.

Keywords: Child Molester Childhood Sexual Abuse Emotional Trauma Empirical Study Eye Movements Pedophilia Phallometry Quantitative Study Sex Offenders Sexual Abuse Trauma Treatment Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

320. Puk, G., & Silver, S. (1997, October). Some lessons learned in the EMDR Humanitarian Assistance Program intervention in the Balkans. Behavior Online. Retrieved http://www.behavior.net/forums/evolutionary/1998/27-user=&email=&depth=8&detail=description&lastread=5-8.htm 6/10/1998.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
Mental health professionals have been trained in using EMDR with trauma victims throughout the world. However, the EMDR-Humanitarian Assistance Program (EMDR-HAP) was formed in 1995 as a nonprofit organization to provide assistance and training to local mental health professionals/psychotherapists within the United States and internationally who are managing the nearly overwhelming task of providing psychotherapy to the victims of large scale traumatic events. This includes natural disasters, e.g.: earthquakes, floods, firestorms, hurricanes; military personnel and civilians in war zones; victims of large scale accidents, e.g.: the family members of the victims of TWA flight #800; and victims of sexual assault and terrorist acts, e.g.: the Oklahoma City bombing. The EMDR-HAP personnel have been trainers and group facilitators from the EMDR Institute who have volunteered their time and expertise to provide treatment and to train local mental health professionals in EMDR.

Keywords: Balkans ERMDR-HAP EMDR Humanitarian Assistance Program

Accuracy Verified: Yes

321. Neuner, F. (2008, Juli). Stabilisierung vor konfrontation in der traumatherapie -- Grundregel oder mythos? [Stabilization before confrontation in trauma treatment -- Elementary rule or myth?]. Verhaltenstherapie, 18(2), 109-118. doi:10.1159/000134006.

Language: German

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Psychotherapie der PTBS ist oft in die Phasen der Stabilisierung und Konfrontation unterteilt. In der Stabilisierungsphase lernt der Patient, Strategien zur Regulierung und Kontrolle beeinflussen Symptome. Danach kann die Erinnerungen an das traumatische Ereignis offen gelegt und verarbeitet werden in der Konfrontation Phase. Deutsch Behandlungsrichtlinien und etwas Text Pfund postulieren, dass eine Phase der Stabilisierung bedingungslos vor der Konfrontation mit dem Trauma Erinnerungen erforderlich stattfinden kann. Im Gegensatz zu dieser Aussage, Evidenz aus randomisierten, kontrollierten Studien zeigt, dass die sogenannten Trauma-Ansätze konzentrieren (Varianten der kognitiven Verhaltenstherapie, Exposition Therapie und EMDR) die erfolgreichsten Methoden für die Behandlung von PTBS sind. Als Konsequenz empfehlen mehreren internationalen Verbänden und Instituten diese Verfahren als Therapie der ersten Wahl. Alle Trauma-konzentrierte Ansätze umfassen irgendeine Art von Konfrontation mit nur rudimentären Stabilisierung oder ohne Stabilisierung bei allen. Darüber hinaus gibt es keine Hinweise, dass die Exposition Verfahren gefährlicher als Stabilisierung oder dass sie weniger gut toleriert und akzeptiert werden. Ebenso gibt es keinen Beweis, dass die Stabilisierung ist notwendig für Patienten mit komplexen Trauma-bedingten Erkrankungen wie bei erwachsenen Patienten mit einer Vorgeschichte von sexuellem Missbrauch. Entgegen der gängigen Lehre, eine Phase der Stabilisierung ist nicht notwendig, Trauma Behandlung und die Möglichkeit der negativen Auswirkungen der Stabilisierung kann nicht ausgeschlossen werden. [Abstract Autor]

Psychotherapy of PTSD is often divided into the phases of stabilization and confrontation. In the stabilization phase, the patient learns strategies to regulate affect and control symptoms. Thereafter, the memories of the traumatic event can be disclosed and processed in the confrontation phase. German treatment guidelines and some text books postulate that a phase of stabilization is unconditionally required before the confrontation with trauma memories can take place. In contrast to this statement, evidence from randomized controlled trials shows that the so-called trauma-focused approaches (variants of cognitive-behavioral therapy, exposure therapy, and EMDR) are the most successful methods for the treatment of PTSD. As a consequence, several international associations and institutes recommend these procedures as the treatment of first choice. All trauma-focused approaches include some type of confrontation with only rudimentary stabilization or with no stabilization at all. In addition, there is no evidence that exposure procedures are more dangerous than stabilization, or that they are less well tolerated and accepted. Likewise, there is no evidence that stabilization is necessary for patients with complex trauma-related disorders such as adult patients with a history of childhood sexual abuse. Contrary to the common doctrine, a stabilization phase is not necessary for trauma treatment and the possibility of negative effects of stabilization cannot be ruled out. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Confrontation Exposure Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Stabilization Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

322. Plassmann, R. (2005, September). Stationare psychotherapie mit EMDR bei patientinnen mit anorexie und bulimie [Inpatient psychotherapy with EMDR in patients with anorexia and bulimia]. Vortrag auf der 13th International Conference on Eating Disorders, Innsbruck, Österreich.

Language: German

Format: Conference

Abstract: Ein traumatherapeuisches Konzept fur die stationare Psychotherapie von Patientinnen mit Essstorungen (Anorexie und Bulimie) wird vorgestellt. Die Behandlung ist aufgebaut in 4 Phasen (Stabilisierung, Ressourcenorganisation, Exposition, Neuorientierung). Neue methodische Elemente sind die aktive Selbstatabilisierung und die Integration von EMDR. Durch diese traumatherapeutische Konzeption haben sich die Behandlungsergebnisse sehr verbessert. Vorgestellt wird die Auswertung von insgesamt 174 abgeschlossenen stationaren Psychotherapien.

A concept for the steady traumatherapeuisches psychotherapy of patients with eating disorders (anorexia and bulimia) is presented. The treatment is structured in four phases (stabilization, resource organization, exposure, orientation). New methodological elements are active Selbstatabilisierung and integration of EMDR. Through this concept, the traumatic therapeutic treatment results have improved a lot. Presented is the evaluation of a total of 174 completed stationary psychotherapy.

Keywords: Anorexia Bulemia Eating Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

323. Siegel-Itzkovich, J., & Cukan, A. (2002, April 16). Stress treatment offers hope, questions. Albany, New York: United Press International, Financial News.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
Robbie Dunton, coordinator of training at the EMDR Institute Inc. in Pacific Grove, Calif., said 60,000 clinicians have been trained in the two levels of EMDR. More than 1 million people have been treated for traumas, including sexual abuse, domestic violence, combat, crime and other mental health problems.

Keywords: General Overview Robbie Dunton

Accuracy Verified: Yes

324. Mehigan, T. (2003, April). Successful EMDR with a sexually abused child. The EMDR Practitioner. Retrieved from http://www.emdr-practitioner.net on 12/27/2008.

Language: English

Format: Other

Keywords: Children Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

325. Devilly, G. J. (2001, January). The successful treatment of PTSD through overt cognitive behavioral therapy in non-responders to EMDR. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 29(1), 57-70. doi:10.1017/S1352465801001072.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This research investigated the efficacy of an operantly cognitive-behavioural trauma treatment protocol (TTP) in two cases that had previously been treated unsuccessfully with EMDR. In line with previous research, both participants improved following TTP, to the extent where one of the participants was asymptomatic at post-treatment and 3 month follow-up. These cases also demonstrate the ability of a cognitive-behavioural intervention to successfully treat childhood sexual abuse victims later in life. (Cambridge Journals)

Keywords: Battery Case Report CBT Child Clinical Case Study College Students Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Cognitive Therapy Death of Child Empirical Study Females Follow-up Study Homicide Incest Middle Aged Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Survivors Treatment Effectiveness Treatment Outcome/Clinical Trial Young Adults

Accuracy Verified: Yes

326. Selvig, A., Rothbaum, B. O., Astin, A. M., & Jackson, J. (2004, November). Symptom change patterns during prolonged exposure to EMDR treatments for PTSD following sexual assault. Poster presented at the Annual Meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Behavior Therapy, New Orleans, LA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Poster Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Prolonged Exposure PTSD Sexual Assaults Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

327. Puliatti, M., & Giannantonio, M. (2008, April). T08-O-15 Childhood sexual abuse and vulvodynia: Hypnotic psychotherapy and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) – An integrated approach. Sexologie, 17(Supplement 1), S109-S110. doi:10.1016/S1158-1360(08)72816-0 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Objectives: Dysesthetic vulvodynia plays an important role in the sexology of the most common female genital system disorders; its psychosomatic origin is by now widely acknowledged. Its main symptoms are: acute pain at each penetration attempt (dyspareunia), pain under local pressure on the vaginal vestibule, erythemas of different intensities. In recent years the role of childhood sexual abuse as one of the possible predisposing (vulnerability) factors of vulvodynia development has found positive confirmations in the literature. Author's aims are to verify this correlation and check efficacy of specific psychotherapeutical approaches. Method: The choice of psychodiagnostic reactive tests, such as the Sexuality Questionnaire (symptomatology screening), the recent Female Sexual Disorders Analytical Questionnaire (screening and sexual abuse) and the Chronic Pain Risk Factors Questionnaire, assessing stressful and traumatic events such as sexual abuse, to identify vulvodynia is of particular importance. The therapeutic approach presented here is integrated: gynecological, physical-rehabilitational, psycho-educational and psycho-sexological. Results and conclusions; The psychological therapies recommended for the treatment of this disorder and the associated abuse (substantiated by international literature and years of clinical practice) are EMDR and hypnotic psychotherapy, integrated with sexological techniques, starting from the assumption that any eventual effective therapy of vulvodynia cannot but include appropriate (psychosomatic and not merely verbal) processing of the childhood sexual abuse.

Keywords: Dyspareunia Dysesthetic Vulvodynia Sexual Pain Sexological Techniques

Accuracy Verified: Yes

328. Zampieri, A. M. F. (2007, Novembro). Terapia sexual conjugal. Uma nova articulação metodológica entre EMDR e Psicodrama. [Sexual marital therapy: A new methodological articulation between EMDR and psychodrama] . Apresentação no I Congresso Ibero-Americano de EMDR, Brasilia, Brasil.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Objetivo de aprendizagem: • Presentar la articulación metodológica, por investigaciones, del EMDR con el Psicodrama y Sociodrama Constructivista de parejas en la terapia sexual. • Demonstrar ,por Protocolos de una terapia de parejas con quejas de disfunciones sexuales de anorgasmia secundaria y de disfuncion erectil secundaria, como la articulacion del EMDR con tecnicas y metodos de Psicodrama Y Sociodrama con Parejas , como las llamadas Psicodrama Interno y Onirodrama, contribuyen para tratamiento de disfunciones sexuales. • Presentar resultados de una terapia sexual con una pareja que sufrio violencias sexuales y emocionales en sus familias de origen y en la vida adulta,donde el tratamiento de los traumas, con EMDR, tiene importancia fundamental para la educacion psicosexual de la pareja y para el tratamiento de la disfuncion sexual actual.

Learning Objectives: • Present the joint methodology for investigations of EMDR with Psychodrama Constructivist and role plays in pairs sex therapy. • Demonstrate, through therapy protocols couples with complaints of sexual dysfunction of secondary anorgasmia and erectile dysfunction secondary erectile as the articulation of EMDR techniques and methods of Psychodrama And Sociodrama with couples, as calls Internal and Onirodrama Psychodrama, contribute to treatment failures sex. • Present results of sex therapy a couple who suffered sexual violence and emotional in their families of origin and the adulthood, where the treatment of trauma, EMDR has fundamental importance for the couple's psychosexual education and for the treatment of sexual dysfunction today.

Keywords: Marital Therapy Psychodrama Sex Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

329. Dunn, T. M. (1995, June). Testing a treatment for sexual assault survivors: Neuropsychological examination of the effectiveness of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Presentation at the Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality Midcontinent Region Annual Conference, Minneapolis, MN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Sexual Asssault

Accuracy Verified: Yes

330. Ricci, R. J., & Clayton, C. A. (2006, September). The therapeutic effects of EMDR on deviant sexual arousal in child molesters. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Philadelphia, PA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Child Molesters Deviant Sexual Arousal Poster Sex Offenders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

331. Brandon, M., & Goldstein, A. T. (2007). Therapy update for women: The treatment of low libido in women using an integrated biopsychosocial approach. In A. F. Owens & M. S. Tepper (Eds.), Sexual health V. 4: State-of-the-art treatments and research (pp. 107-130). Westport, CT, US: Praeger Publishers/Greenwood Publishing Group.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
For men and women alike, libido represents a primary aspect of sexual health. In fact, low libido is the most frequently reported sexual concern among women. Women of all ages, ethnic backgrounds, and education levels report concerns about low desire. Regardless of whether a woman is actually diagnosed with hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD), if she seeks help for the subjective experience of a decreased libido, practitioners must embrace a theoretical framework for her care. In this chapter, we explore a holistic, integrative, biopsychosocial model for such treatment. We will outline first why we believe the traditional treatment model involving a sole practitioner providing the majority of patient care does not optimally serve patients with low libido. Second, we will review some of the benefits for both patients and clinicians of practicing within a biopsychosocial treatment paradigm. Third, we will describe our particular framework for treating low libido in women. This integrated biopsychosocial treatment model addresses four quadrants of a woman's experience; namely, her physical, emotional, intellectual, and spiritual health, as they relate to her libido. Finally, we find eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) to be a helpful therapeutic tool in these circumstances. EMDR utilizes repetitive eye movements to assist patients in exploring and processing difficult emotional material. It can be utilized for women with low libido in a variety of ways, including the exploration and redefinition of negative thinking patterns. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Biopsychosocial Approach Cognitive Techniques Female Sexual Dysfunction Holistic Health Inhibited Sexual Desire Low Libido Models Sex Drive Treatment Matching

Accuracy Verified: Yes

332. Kaplan, S. (1998, September). Thoughts on EMDR and Arundhati Roy’s novel, The God of small things. EMDRIA Newsletter, 3(3), 28-30.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
I want to bring Arundhati Roy’s remarkable, new novel, The God of Small Things, to the attention of psychotherapists, especially EMDR therapists, as we work with people in pain and suffering from serious psychological trauma. Almost every character in the book, like many of our clients, has been traumatized y death, loss, rejection, sexual abuse gender or caste exploitation, abandonment, violence, deceit, betrayal, inappropriate blaming, shame, rage, guilt, lack of validation, humiliation, fear, and/or terror.

Keywords: Arundhati Roy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

333. Fernandez, B. R. (2010, December). Through the eyes of a child: A symbolic, narrative journey through complex childhood trauma. Pacifica Graduate Institute, Carpinteria, CA . 1490015.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
This research examines how symbolic expression in the form of written autobiographical stories, dream images, and original art can heal the survivor of complex childhood trauma. Chronic neglect, witnessing and/or experiencing physical and sexual abuse, systematic humiliation, or other terrorizing experiences can lead to psychic fragmentation, disruptions in memory, and other adaptations that can cause lifelong suffering and functional impairment. These trauma sequelae concern psychotherapists and other professionals who treat survivors. Included is a discussion of attachment theory, brain development, memory, and other psychological experiences endured by childhood trauma survivors. Presented is the author's artistic, phenomenological, and hermeneutic engagement with healing such trauma through depth psychology, psychotherapy, and symbolic artistic representations including memoir. There is a focus on the importance of rebuilding self through the piecing together of coherent autobiographical narrative. It includes coverage of stages of recovery and various treatment approaches including EMDR, art therapy, and Jungian dreamwork.

Keywords: Art Autobiographical Stories Dream Images Narration Symbolic Expression

Accuracy Verified: Yes

334. Meignant, M. (2006, May 6). To love with EMDR. Presentation at the 14th Annual International Conference on Conflict Resolution, Climax, MI.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The strict EMDR protocols are used to treat love, sexual and relational difficulties. The traumatic target is selected in the childhood and in the affective life since the beginning of the love and the sexual life. EMDR sessions are powerful to develop love sentiments and resolve couple crisis. EMDR protocol is also use to develop love resources.

Keywords: Love Relational Difficulties

Accuracy Verified: Yes

335. Parnell, L. A., & Cohn, L. (1998, July). Transforming sexual abuse trauma with EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Baltimore, MD.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will learn: 1) how to best integrate EMDR into their work with sexual abuse survivors; 2) how to use imagery techniques throughout EMDR treatment of sexual abuse survivors and in the beginning, middle, and end of individual ongoing EMDR sessions; 3) how to use art throughout EMDR treatment with sexual abuse survivors; 4) how to use cognitive and imaginal interweaves when clients are looping or stuck in the processing of a traumatic event; and 5) several techniques for closing down EMDR sessions, including use of imagery, art, and meditation.

Keywords: Art Closing A Session Cognitive Interweave Imagery Techniques Imaginal Interweave Meditation Sexual Abuse Survivors Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

336. Mosquera, D. (2011, Julio). Trastorno limite de personalidad y EMDR [Borderline personality disorder and EMDR]. En Aplicación de EMDR en el tratamiento de distintos trastornos (Francisca García Guerrero, Coordinadora). Simposio realizado en el IX Congreso Nacional de Psicología Clínica, San Sebastián, España .

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Los trastornos de personalidad son un grupo complejo a la hora de trabajar en psicoterapia. Los problemas relacionales y las reacciones emocionales desbordantes suelen estar en un primer plano. Muchos de estos trastornos están generados en una historia de trauma temprano y relaciones de apego disfuncionales con los cuidadores primarios que pueden ser tratados con EMDR. El trastorno límite de la Personalidad o TLP, se ha relacionado con una historia temprana de apego disfuncional, con trauma en la infancia (abuso sexual, físico, trauma de apego y/o negligencia), sin embargo no todas las orientaciones terapéuticas específicas para el trastorno límite abordan de modo directo estas experiencias traumáticas previas. Algunos autores destacan los contextos invalidantes en la historia biográfica de las personas con este diagnostico, lo que suele ir unido a una traumatización compleja. El concepto de trauma en EMDR es un concepto mucho más amplio del que se maneja de manera habitual, no solo es trauma. Francine Shapiro explica que muchos de nosotros pensamos que el trauma consiste en grandes acontecimientos que aparecen en las noticias (veteranos de guerra, sobrevivientes de catástrofes naturales y ataques terroristas……) pero, de hecho, por definición, trauma es cualquier hecho que ha tenido un efecto negativo duradero. La terapia EMDR ha demostrado su eficacia en el trastorno de estrés postraumática, siendo en estos momentos un tratamiento de elección para el TEPT. Su aplicación en una amplia gama de trastornos en cuya base se encuentran experiencias traumáticas previas se está desarrollando cada vez más. Uno de estos diagnósticos es el del trastorno límite de la personalidad que será planteado en esta mesa con un caso práctico que permitirá visualizar los resultados que se pueden conseguir en una sesión. A través del caso se ilustrará la teoría del Modelo de Procesamiento Adaptativo de la Información (PAI) y la posible aplicación de EMDR en los trastornos de la personalidad con trauma complejo

Personality disorders are a complex group when working in psychotherapy. Relational problems and emotional reactions are often overflowing be in the forefront. Many of these disorders are built on a history of early trauma and dysfunctional attachment relationships with primary caregivers can be treated with EMDR. The BPD or BPD personality has been associated with a history early attachment dysfunctional childhood trauma (sexual abuse, physical trauma attachment and / or neglect), but not all specific therapeutic guidelines for BPD directly addressed these previous traumatic experiences. Some authors emphasize the disabling contexts in the biographical history of the People with this diagnosis, which often goes hand in complex traumatization. The EMDR trauma concept is a much broader concept of which is handled as usual, not only is trauma. Francine Shapiro explains that many of us think that the trauma is to great events in the news (War veterans, survivors of natural disasters and terrorist attacks ......) but, in fact, by definition, trauma is any event that has had a negative effect durable. EMDR therapy has proven effective in post-traumatic stress disorder, being at present a treatment of choice for PTSD. Its application in a wide range of disorders whose base are previous traumatic experiences are is developing more and more. One of these diagnoses is that of BPD personality that will be raised at this table with a case study that will visualize the results that can be achieved in one session. Through the case illustrate the theory of Model Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) and possible application of EMDR in personality disorders with complex trauma.

Keywords: Borderline Personality Disorder Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

337. Zampieri, A. J., & Filho, J. M. (2012, Novembro). Tratamento de disfunção erétil com EMDR: Estudo comparativo [Treatment of erectile dysfunction with EMDR: A comparative study]. In comunicações de pesquisa. Apresentação no II Congresso Brasileiro de EMDR, Brasília, Brasil.

Language: Portuguese

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Introdução: A prevalência da disfunção sexual masculina em suas várias formas atinge a faixa de quase 90% em alguma fase da vida. Dentre elas, a Disfunção Erétil afeta aspectos primordiais do homem e pode ter sua origem em causas psicológicas, físicas ou mistas. Notam-se investimentos científicos para uma melhor compreensão e tratamento desses transtornos, nem sempre bem sucedidos. Objetivou-se no presente projeto comparar casos diagnosticados e encaminhados por médico urologista, em tratamento de disfunção erétil, sendo um grupo tratado com o método do EMDR, e outro tratado exclusivamente pelo médico. Os pacientes serão submetidos a uma entrevista estruturada e testes antes e após o tratamento. Método: Estudo comparativo de dois grupos com diagnóstico médico de disfunção erétil, submetidos ao tratamento médico. O grupo estudo será tratado com EMDR e o controle, apenas pelo médico. Antes e ao final do tratamento responderão a inventários de Beck para Ansiedade, depressão e desesperança além de um questionário mais específico sobre sua disfunção sexual, o Índice Internacional de Função Erétil (IIFE). Resultados: Projeto em andamento.

Introduction: The prevalence of male sexual dysfunction in its various forms reaches the age of almost 90% in some stage of life. Among them, Erectile Dysfunction affects key aspects of the man and may have its origin in causes psychological, physical or mixed. Note the scientific investments to better understanding and treatment of these disorders, not always successful. The objective of this project is to compare cases diagnosed and referred by the urologist in treating erectile dysfunction, one group treated with EMDR method and handled exclusively by another doctor. Patients will undergo a structured interview and tests before and after treatment. Methods: A comparative study of two groups with a medical diagnosis of erectile dysfunction, undergoing medical treatment. The study group will be treated with EMDR and control, just by the doctor. Before and after the treatment of inventories to respond to Beck Anxiety, depression and hopelessness as well as a more specific questionnaire about their sexual dysfunction, International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). Results: Project in progress.

Keywords: Beck Depression Inventory Comparative Study Erectile Dysfunction

Accuracy Verified: Yes

338. Gonzalez, A., & Mosquera , D. (2010). Tratamiento del abuso sexual con EMDR [Treatment of sexual abuse with EMDR]. Revista de Psicoterapia, 20(80).

Language: Spanish

Format: Other

Abstract:
"La terapia EMDR ha obtenido reconocimiento internacional como tratamiento de elección para el trastorno de estrés postraumático, aunque su utilización se ha extendido a numerosas patologías. Desde EMDR se entiende que el origen de los síntomas está en experiencias traumáticas previas que se almacenan en el cerebro de una manera disfuncional. La resolución de los problemas presentes del paciente se consigue a través del procesamiento de las memorias traumáticas, que se reconsolidarán como memorias ordinarias. El procedimiento estándar incluye no sólo el procesamiento de eventos pasados, sino también de las situaciones presentes y la proyección de futuro. Para su aplicación específica en casos de abuso sexual es preciso tener en cuenta si se trata de un abuso temprano y/o prolongado, sobre todo un abuso sexual intrafamiliar, ya que las consecuencias en este caso van más allá de un estrés postraumático simple, como ocurre en un episodio aislado de agresión sexual en un paciente con una historia previa sin elementos de traumatización grave temprana. En este artículo se ejemplificará con casos clínicos la aplicación diferencial en ambos casos."

"EMDR therapy has achieved an extense international recognition as treatment of choice for PTSD. Its use has been extended to a broaden field of pathologies. From the EMDR perspective, symptoms are considered to feed on previous traumatic experiences, and the patient´s problems resolution will be achieved throughout the processing of this dysfunctionally stored information, that becomes reconsolidated as an ordinary memory. The standard EMDR procedure includes not only the processing of past events, but also the processing of present situations and future scope. In order to use EMDR in sexual abuse cases, it is crucial to differentiate between early abuse (overall intrafamiliar abuse) and single sexual aggression in adulthood. The first situation has more severe consequences and needs modified EMDR procedures oriented to severe traumatization and dissociation. The implementation of this therapy will be illustrated with clinical case examples."

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Psychotherapy Sexual Abuse Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

339. Punamaki, R.L., & Peltonen, K. (2008). Trauma among children and adolescents: Treatments and interventions. European Trauma Bulletin, 15(2), 3-13.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:

Keywords: Adolescents Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

340. Ford, J. D., Chapman, J. F., Hawke, J., & Albert, D. (2007, June). Trauma among youth in the juvenile justice system: Critical issues and new directions. Research and Program Brief, National Center for Mental Health and Juvenile Justice, 1-8.

Language: English

Format: Publication

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Therapy (EMDR), which is a somewhat controversial technique involving recalling traumatic memories while focusing on personal strengths and engaging in distracting behaviors such as lateral eye movements. EMDR generally is conducted for fewer sessions than TF-CBT, and has shown preliminary evidence of efficacy with conduct-disordered boys [38], child disaster survivors [39], and girls who experienced sexual abuse [40]. EMDR [41] is generally conducted as only one part of a multimodal therapy program rather than a stand-alone treatment.

Keywords: Adolescents Juvenile Justice System Youth

Accuracy Verified: Yes

341. Grand, C. (2010, November 17). Trauma and EMDR therapy. Safe Space Radio (WMPG 90.9 & 104.1 FM), Portland, ME.

Language: English

Format: Audio

Abstract:
An interview with therapist Celia Grand, EMDR facilitator and Sensorimotor Psychotherapy trainer with trauma survivors and their partners. Celia blends her expertise in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing therapy (EMDR) with her extensive experience working with the body in trauma. She describes three phases of trauma recovery and how EMDR in particular can change the way that traumatic memory is stored in the brain, allowing new beliefs about the self to emerge.

Keywords: Interview Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Sexual Abuse Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

342. Samardzic, D. (2010, August). Trauma and the body: The somatic experience in psychotherapy. John F. Kennedy University, Pleasant Hill, CA.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
According to recent neuroscience research, psychological trauma disrupts homeostasis and can negatively affect various organs and biological systems (Solomon & Heide, 2005). Somatic therapy addresses the physiological elements of the trauma by focusing on the body, which, in turn, helps individuals cognitively and emotionally process trauma (Ogden & Minton, 2000; Levine, 1997). This qualitative study aimed to explore the experience of 5 participants who underwent ongoing somatic therapy in the treatment of symptoms associated with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The results revealed twelve common essential elements among all the participants that illustrated their experience prior to and during the somatic therapeutic process. Some of the elements identified included: presence of severe trauma history of emotional, physical, and/or sexual abuse; failure to treat PTSD symptoms prior to somatic therapy; manifestation of PTSD in physical symptoms and/or illness; increasing awareness of body allowed access to trauma; newfound knowledge and tools gained in helping to manage triggers; and gaining a sense of physical and psychological freedom. Three additional essential elements were found that were not shared by all or most of the participants, which included: EMDR as unsuccessful in treating PTSD symptoms; healing through artistic expression; and ineffectiveness of psychotropic medication in the treatment of PTSD. A process was identified in which a non-verbal bodily experience became a verbal, intellectual, or cognitive experience. In addition, seven characteristics were identified within the transformative process of improving PTSD symptoms occurring during the somatic therapy. According to the participants’ reports, somatic therapy not only decreased their PTSD symptoms, but the process had a significant positive impact on the quality of their lives. This study’s findings highlight the potential of somatic therapy to help those dealing with the effects of psychological trauma.

Keywords: Body Biological Systems Somatic Therapy Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

343. Greenwald, R. (2000). The trauma orientation and child therapy. In K. N. Dwivedi (Ed.), Post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents (pp. 7-24). London: Whurr Publishers.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Trauma is proposed as a key to understanding the development and persistence of conduct disorder in conjunction with other contributing factors. Trauma history is virtually universal in this population, and trauma effects can help to account for many features of the disorder including lack of empathy, impulsivity, anger, acting out, and resistance to treatment. The current standard of care fails to fully address trauma, which may partially explain the low success rate. A trauma-focused individual therapy approach is presented as one example of how this population might be more effectively treated. This approach features motivational interviewing, self-control training, and trauma resolution and integrates eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Two illustrative case examples are presented and discussed. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adolescents Assessment Children Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Stressors Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

344. Ricci, R. J., & Clayton, C. A. (2008). Trauma resolution treatment as an adjunct to standard treatment for child molesters: A qualitative study. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 2(1), 41-50. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.2.1.41.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
A literature review of current treatment models for child molesters and contemporary theories of etiology suggests a gap between theory and practice. Despite emerging recognition of the importance of addressing etiological issues in sexual offender treatment, many programs resist addressing the trauma sequelae of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) in those sex offenders where it is present. Adding trauma treatment to standard sexual offender treatment was identified as a means to closing some of that gap. 10 child molesters with reported histories of CSA were treated with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. Subsequent to adding this trauma resolution component, there was improvement on all six subscales of the Sex Offender Treatment Rating Scale as well as decreased idiosyncratic deviant arousal as measured by the penile plethysmograph. The current study reviews qualitative data collected during treatment and at posttreatment interviews. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Abuse Propensity Adults Child Abuse Child Molester Clinical Trial Cognitive Therapy European Americans Males Qualitative Perpetrators Rape Sex Offenders Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

345. Ricci, R. J. (2004). Trauma resolution treatment as an adjunct to standard treatment for sexual offenders. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. AAT 3136393.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
This study explored the use of adding trauma resolution therapy to standard cognitive-behavioral relapse prevention therapy for sex offenders. Ten adjudicated sex offenders with sexual abuse histories were treated with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing as an adjunct to standard outpatient sex offender treatment. Data points include self-report, other-report, assessment instruments, session transcripts, research journals, and physiological measures. Systematic treatment research and development methods (Bischoff, McKeel, Moon, & Sprenkle, 1996) resulted in a proposed treatment protocol. Emergent themes from a cross-case, grounded theory data analysis are presented. The data suggests the adjunct treatment provided some benefit both to participants and to the goals of standard sex offender-specific treatment. Implications for treatment providers, marriage and family therapy, and future research are discussed.

Keywords: Sex Offenders Trauma Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

346. Ricci, R. J. (2006, June). Trauma resolution using eye movement desensitization and reprocessing with an incestuous sex offender: An instrumental case study. Clinical Case Studies, 5(3), 248-265. doi:10.1177/1534650104265276.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This case describes the use of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) to reduce reactivity to childhood trauma in an incestuous sex offender. It explores the relationship between desensitization and reprocessing of traumatic memory and how this may promote sex offender treatment progress as an enhancement of, not a replacement for, the cognitive-behavioral or relapse prevention treatment of sexual offenders. Pretreatment and posttreatment self-report and other-report instruments and semistructured interviews are employed to explore the results of this intervention. Implications and suggestions for this treatment protocol are suggested.

Keywords: Childhood Trauma Clinical Case Study Emotional Trauma Eye Movements Incest Incestuous Sex Offender Sex Offenders Sex Offenses Trauma Resolution Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

347. Scharloo, A., & Coppens, L. (2010, Apirl). Trauma treatment after sexual abuse for people with developmental disabilities. Presentation at the 2nd Bi-Annual International European Society for Trauma and Dissociaion Conference, Belfast, Northern Ireland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Trauma treatment after sexual abuse for people with developmental disabilities People with disabilities have an increased vulnerability to experience violence and abuse. Also they have more negative experiences in general and are more often treated in an unpleasant manner. They are therefore at greater risk to develop trauma. Beside that they have fewer capacities to cope with traumatic experiences in a healthy way. For a long time it was thought that people with developmental disabilities couldn’t profit from psychotherapy. Still people with developmental disabilities are being told that they can’t get treatment. In this workshop we will show that psychotherapy is very well possible for people with developmental disabilities and we will show how adjustments can be made to the regular approach to meet the special needs of these people. We will explain that to meet these needs a broader scope is necessary which include therapeutic interventions towards key persons and organizations in their lives. We will introduce two women with mental disabilities who both have been sexually abused. We will tell about the therapy in which we used this broader approach (involving parents, group counselor, church) combined with EMDR, solution focused therapy methods, cognitive behavioral techniques and creative techniques.
Learning Outcomes Participants will know that trauma treatment is possible for people with developmental disabilities. Participants will know adjustments can be made to the regular approach to meet the special needs of people with developmental disabilities. Participants will know how to involve key persons from the network of the developmentally disabled client in order to make trauma treatment work well.

Keywords: Developmental Disabilities Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

348. Page, R. (2009, August). Trauma, invisibility, and identity development: An EMDR framwork. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Atlanta, GA .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Traumatically experienced events, captured in memory and replayed like a familiar musical refrain from an operatic score, are negatively stored in the memory network. Recall of traumatic experience is characteristically difficult, despite the repetitive, nearly obsessive, refrain with which traumatic events broadcast into daily life experience. One of the sequelae of traumatic memories negatively stored is the complication of making sense of the self or self-understanding. Moreover, negatively stored memories complicate and perplex self-understanding. When viewed psychosically through the major statuses: race, sex and gender, social class and sexual orientation the affect of the environment on the self is significant. Racial and ethnic self-understanding, in particular, illuminates the way in which the self can become invisible rather than understood. EMDR an adaptive information processing theory, consistent with constructive versus essentialist conceptions of persons, is proposed, with its self-interpretation process, as a effective psychotherapy.

Keywords: Identity Development Invisibility Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

349. Schubbe, O. (2006). Traumatherapie mit EMDR: Ein handbuch für die ausbildung [Trauma therapy with EMDR: A manual for the training]. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.

Language: German

Format: Book

Abstract:
"Traumatherapie mit EMDR" ist ein Trainingsmanual für Psychotherapeuten, die sich für eine Ausbildung in dieser Traumaverarbeitungsmethode interessieren oder sie in ihrer therapeutischen Arbeit bereits anwenden. EMDR steht für Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, deutsch: Desensibilisierung und Neubearbeitung mit Augenbewegungen. Es ist eine Technik therapeutischer Traumaverarbeitung und gleichzeitig eine innere Haltung und fast ein kleines Wunder. Die Methode folgt einer klaren Zielorientierung, um dysfunktionale Lernerfahrungen in funktionale verwandeln zu helfen. Ausgegangen wird davon, dass Menschen ein natürlicher Antrieb zu Wachstum und Integration von Erfahrung innewohnt. Der angeleitete EMDR-Prozess unterstützt die genaue Beobachtung und das differenzierte Erleben bewusstseinsfähiger innerer Prozesse und ein nachvollziehendes Verstehen und Akzeptieren von Zusammenhängen. Oft berichten die Klienten von spontanen inneren Einsichten, die sich mit den traumatischen Erinnerungen verbinden und anschließend zu neuen Gefühlen, Gedanken und Handlungen befähigen. Nach einer Einführung zur allgemeinen Psychotraumatologie und zum theoretischen Hintergrund werden empirische Erfahrungen m it EMDR berichtet. Der Schwerpunkt des Buches liegt auf der Erläuterung der praktischen Durchführung von EMDR. Dabei werden therapeutische Schwierigkeiten differenziert aufgegriffen, angemessene Umgangsweisen damit dargestellt, professionelles Affektmanagement und ressourcenorientiertes Arbeiten vorgestellt.

"Trauma Therapy with EMDR is a training manual for psychotherapists who are interested in training in this trauma processing method or apply them in their therapeutic work already. EMDR stands for Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, German: desensitization and revised edition with eye movements. It is a technique of therapeutic trauma processing, while an inner attitude, and almost a small miracle. The method follows a clear goal orientation, to help transform learning experiences into functional dysfunctional. The starting point is the fact that inherent in a natural human impulse to growth and integration of experience. The guided EMDR process supports the close monitoring and the differentiated experience of becoming conscious of inner processes and understand understanding and accepting connections. Often, clients report of spontaneous internal insights that are combined with the traumatic memories and then to new feelings, thoughts and actions qualify. After a general introduction to psychological trauma and the theoretical background, empirical experience w ith EMDR are reported. The focus of the book is on explaining the practical application of EMDR. These therapeutic difficulties are addressed differentiated, appropriate ways of dealing presented thus presented professional resource-management and emotional work.

Keywords: Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

350. ten Hoor, N. M. (2013, May). Treating cognitive distortions with EMDR: A case study of a sex offender. International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 12(2), 139-148. doi:10.1080/14999013.2013.791350.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This single-case study illustrates howeyemovement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) can be of use in the treatment of cognitive distortions in sex offenders who themselves have been victimized in their childhood. A 56-year-old man did not perceive his childhood sexual experiences as negative. As a consequence, he could not see any harm in his own offending in later life. He spent one year in cognitive-behavioral group therapy barely making any progress. After nine EMDR sessions, most cognitive distortions appeared to be resolved. He was able to attend his group sessions in a more open and involved manner.

Keywords: Child Sexual Abuse Childhood Victimization Cognitive Distortions, Sex Offender Single-Case Study

Accuracy Verified: No

351. Keenan, P., & Farrell, D. P. (2000, June). Treating morbid jealousy with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing utilizing cognitive inter-weave: A case report. Counselling Psychology Quarterly, 13(2), 175-189. doi:10.1080/713658482.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Keywords: Clinical Case Study Cognitive Techniques Empirical Study Jealousy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

352. Keenan, P. (2004, February). Treating non-psychotic morbid jealousy with EMDR utilising cognitive interweave. Presentation at the 2nd annual Conference of the EMDR UK & Ireland Association, Birmingham, UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Jealousy is an unwelcomed emotion, which most poeple will have experienced at some time in their lives. In its mildest form, it may be seen as an expression of devoion, however, for some people it can become obsessive and destructive (Mulle, 1991). The possible consequences of this very serious condition can result in suspicion, violence, and the complete breakdown of a relationship. This study highlights the case of man with a long-standing history of jealousy towards his partner. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) would suggest that jealousy was maintained by the person's erroneous assumptioms about sexual behaviour and attractiveness of their partner, a well as pervasive negative schemes of self worth. Any consideration for treatment therefore, needed to address both these areas. The treatment intervention of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) utilising cognitive interweaved was used to reduce the inensity of the jealous reaction. Results showed a marked reduction in the intensity of the emotion of jealosy, which lead to a reduction in the client's challenging and checking behaviours towards his partner. Results also indicate a clear reduction in the client's erroneous automatic negative and jealous thoughts. What is uclear is whether it was the EMDR therapy itself, or a combination of EMDR and other cognitive behavioural therapy interventions that brought about these reductions in symtomatology. Acknowledging the limitations of generalising from single case designs, consideration will be given to the need for further inestigation and research in to the application of EMDR with this client group.

Keywords: Cognitive Interweave Jealousy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

353. Armstrong, M. (1998). Treating trauma with focusing and EMDR. The Folio: A Journal for Focusing and Experiential Therapy, 17(1), 23-30.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
"..at least 20% of American women and 5% of American men have experienced some form of sexual abuse in childhood.. without regard to race, ethnicity, or socioeconomic status." (APA Working Group on Investigation of Memories of Childhood Abuse - Final Report, 1996 p.20) This statement from the American Psychological Association gives a conservative estimate for the prevalence of child sexual abuse in our society. In Canada, the federal government commissioned the 1984 Badgley Report on Sexual Offences Against Children and Youth. It found that as many as one in two females and one in three males under the age of 21 years reported experiencing some sort of unwanted sexual touching by a perpetrator older than themselves. Yet, thirty years ago child abuse was considered rare. Child sexual abuse was thought to be practically non-existent. Child psychiatrists had never heard of it. There was nothing in the academic literature and there were no statistics or studies available about this unacknowledged endemic problem. (Steed, 1994.)

Keywords: Focusing

Accuracy Verified: Yes

354. Carbone, D. (2005, July). Treating trauma, depression and anxiety in gay men with childhood trauma histories using EMDR. Presentation at the World Congress of Sexology, Montréal, Quebec Canada.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Mental health research tells us that gay men use psychological services in far more greater numbers than their heterosexual counterparts. Gay men typically present themselves in treatment for problems relating to depression and anxiety, often the result of past and present social stigma. Quite frequently in treatment, it has been noted that these men report frequent childhood experiences of peer and familial ridicule, experienced during formative periods in the development of identity. This ridicule may be conceptualized as a chronic stressor that often results in traumatic responses in adulthood such as substance abuse and self-destructive sexual behavior. This presentation puts forth a treatment model for assisting gay men in overcoming their tramatic responses to childhood ridicule that take the form of self-destructive behaviors in adulthood. Participants will become familiar with the special mental health needs of the gay client and through the presentation of case studies, will become familiar with therapeutic techniques designed to releave the resulting depression and anxiety by employing cognitive restructuring techniques. Participants will come to understand the value of gay affirmative psychotherapy, the need for advocacy outside of the gay community and ancillary treatment options for therapists.

Keywords: Anxiety Depression Homosexuality Sexual Orientation Sexuality

Accuracy Verified: Yes

355. Puk, G. (1991, June). Treating traumatic memories: A case report on the eye movement desensitization procedure. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 22(2), 149-151. doi:10.1016/0005-7916(91)90010-3.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
There are at present three published papers on the eye movement desensitization procedure. This paper reports two successfully treated cases, one with traumatic memories of childhood sexual abuse, and the other based on memories of a terminally ill sister. Follow-ups of 12 and 6 months, respectively showed maintenance of treatment effects. [Author Summary]

Keywords: Case Report Child Abuse Death of Sibling Females Interpersonal Interaction Posttraumatic Stress DIsorder PTSD Rape Survivors Young Adults

Accuracy Verified: Yes

356. Dohrmann, M. (2009). Treatment effects of EMDR on risk to re-offend by sexual offenders traumatized as children. Colorado School of Professional Psychology, The University of the Rockies, Colorado Springs. AAT 3344547.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
This study examined the effects of EMDR (Shapiro, 2002) and DeTUR (Popky, 2005) on three sexual offenders' risk to re-offend. Participants were given pretests and treatment outcomes were measured post treatment and 90 days thereafter using the IES-R (Weiss & Marmar, 1997), the TSI (Briere, 1995), the SOI (Kafka, 1997), the ACUTE 2007 (Hanson, Harris, Scott, & Helmus, 2007), and the Monarch 21 PPG Assessment (Byrne, 2006). The Reliable Change Index (RCI; Jacobson, Follette, & Revenstorf, 1984; as cited by Wise, 2004) was used to measure reliable differences. The results suggest there was no significant change in the level of trauma symptoms; however there was significant change in deviant arousal which lowered the risk level of two offenders. One offender experienced an increase in his risk level due to an increase in trauma symptoms. [Author abstract]

Keywords: Good Lives Model Recidivism Sex Offenders Sexual Deviance Trauma Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

357. de Jongh, A. (2001, May). Treatment of phobias with EMDR. Presentation at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, London, UK .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In contrast with the learning model which proposes a strategy of gradual exposure to the 44 feared stimuli, the primary goal in EMDR is the processing of traumatic memories which are thought to be impaired. One advantage of EMDR above an exposure approach involves client comfort. Prolonged real-life exposure to anxiety provoking stimuli or thought is not always easy to pursue. Consequently, clients are not always ready or motivated enough to endure such a procedure; a procedure which also holds a potential risk of drop out before treatment can often not be successfully concluded. Another possible advantage of EMDR relates to the costs of treatment. For example, it may be more useful to apply EMDR than exposure in vivo treat flying phobia for which in many cases, as part of their in vivo treatment, clients have to take costly flights. The most important advantage seems to be the possibility of utilising EMDR for situations where the critical triggers cannot be reproduced or simulated in real life (e.g., certain sexual, illness or death situations) or, more generally, for which phobic stimuli are hard to obtain. This workshop focuses on the clinical application of EMDR with specific phobias. Participants will learn when and how to apply EMDR with phobias and integrate this into a general (cognitive-behavioural) treatment approach. This approach is illustrated by several video taped treatments.

Keywords: Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

358. Parnell, L. A. (1994, August). Treatment of sexual abuse survivors with EMDR: Two case reports. Presentation at the 102nd annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Los Angeles, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Sexual Abuse Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

359. Nijdam, M., Pol, M. V. D., Dekens, R., Olff, M., & Denys, D. (2013). Treatment of sexual trauma dissolves contamination fear. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 3(0). doi:10.3402/ejpt.v4i0.19157.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Background: In patients with co-morbid obsessive−compulsive disorder (OCD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), repetitive behavior patterns, rituals, and compulsions may ward off anxiety and often function as a coping strategy to control reminders of traumatic events. Therefore, addressing the traumatic event may be crucial for successful treatment of these symptoms.
Objective: In this case report, we describe a patient with comorbid OCD and PTSD who underwent pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy.
Methods: Case Report. A 49-year-old Dutch man was treated for severe PTSD and moderately severe OCD resulting from anal rape in his youth by an unknown adult man.
Results: The patient was treated with paroxetine (60 mg), followed by nine psychotherapy sessions in which eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) and exposure and response prevention (ERP) techniques were applied. During psychotherapy, remission of the PTSD symptoms preceded remission of the OCD symptoms. Conclusions: This study supports the idea of a functional connection between PTSD and OCD. Successfully processing the trauma results in diminished anxiety associated with trauma reminders and subsequently decreases the need for obsessive−compulsive symptoms.

Keywords: Combined Treatment Comorbidity Obsessive Compulsive Disorder OCD Pharmacological Treatment Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapy PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

360. Datta, P. C., & Wallace, J. (1994, May). Treatment of sexual traumas of sex offenders using eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. Symposium conducted at the Forensic Psychology Conference, San Francisco, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Sex Offenders Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

361. Spence, A. (2003, September). The treatment of the sexually addicted client using DeTUR and EMDR. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: DeTUR Poster Sexual Addiction

Accuracy Verified: Yes

362. Bonczijk, L. (2009, October 16). Treatment, therapy there for victims of sex abuse. Newberg, Oregon: Newburg Graphic.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
A multipart series looks at the incidents of sex crimes in the Newberg area, its causes, prosecution and treatment options

Keywords: General Overview Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

363. Litt, B. K. (1998, July). Trust, intimacy and sex: An integrated approach. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Baltimore, MD.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will be able to: 1) identify four dimensions of the relational context; 2) understand inhibited sexual desire using this model; 3) formulate assessments and treatment plans using the four dimensional framework; 4) choose relational systemic or psychological interventions, including EMDR, using the model presented; and 5) elicit salient EMDR targets for maximum therapeutic benefit.

Keywords: Inhibited Sexual Desire Intimacy Relational Context Sex Trust

Accuracy Verified: Yes

364. Litt, B. K. (1999, June). Trust, intimacy and sex: An integrated approach. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Las Vegas, NV.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Inhibited Sexual Desire Intimacy Relational Context Sex Trust

Accuracy Verified: Yes

365. Litt, B. K. (2000, September). Trust, intimacy, and sex: An integrated approach. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Toronto, Ontario Canada.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will be able to: 1) identify four dimensions of the relational context; 2) understand inhibited sexual desire using the model; 3) formulate assessments and treatment plans using the four dimensional framework; 4) choose relations, systemic or psychological interventions, including EMDR, using the model presented, and 5) elicit salient EMDR targets for maximum therapeutic benefit.

Keywords: Dimensions of Relational Context Inhibted Sexual Desire Sex Intimacy Targets Trust

Accuracy Verified: Yes

366. Shapiro, F. (2010, July). Update of EMDR research, theory, and practice. Keynote presented at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In its twenty-year history, EMDR has evolved into a distinct form of psychotherapy with a wide range of clinical applications. Guided by the Adaptive Information Processing model clinicians are able to directly impact the implicit and associational memory networks that govern feelings, thoughts, and reactions outside the realm of rational thought. Increasingly, research evidence is showing that EMDR can rapidly produce change simultaneously on cognitive, emotional, and somatic levels. This presentation will explore research and case reports that address a full range of issues of everyday clinical practice, including family therapy impasses, attachment disorders, chronic pain, sexual compulsivity, and other dysfunctional behaviors and thoughts.

Keywords: Keynote Practice Research Theory Update

Accuracy Verified: Yes

367. Chambless, D.L., Sanderson, W.C., Shoham, V., Bennett Johnson, S., Pope, K.S., Crits-Christoph, P., Baker, M., Johnson, B., Woody, S.R., Sue, S., Beutler, L., Williams, D.A., & McCurry, S. (1996). An update on empirically validated therapies. The Clinical Psychologist, 49, 5-18.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
In 1995 the Division 12 Task Force on Promotion and Dissemination of Psychological Procedures published its report in this journal. A major focus of that report was increasing training in psychological interventions that have been supported in empirical research by making clinical psychologists and students more aware of these treatments and facilitating training opportunities. To provide the basis for a survey on the degree to which clinical programs and internships were currently providing training in empirically supported therapies, the task force constructed a list of examples of treatments meeting criteria for efficacy as established by the task force. Based on feedback that members of the profession found this list of interventions to be very useful in training and clinical work, while also recognizing its very incomplete basis, the Division 12 board charged the succeeding task force (Task Force on Psychological Interventions), appointed in succession by Presidents Martin Seligman and Gerald Koocher, with adding to this preliminary list on an annual basis. This is one purpose of the current report. In addition, we raise several issues about the use and limitations of empirically supported treatments as currently identified. In keeping with the practice established by the first task force, the members of the group who constructed the present report are diverse in theoretical orientation and work in a variety of settings -- psychology departments, medical schools, and private practice.

Keywords: Treatment Guidelines

Accuracy Verified: Yes

368. Pessina, C (2007, June). The use and adaptation of EMDR technique with sexually abused children. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Thanks to a European Equal project the sexually abused children who came to our Center for therapy have been treated with EMDR. We will illustrate, through the use of clinical examples, the main therapeutic issues, the difficulties and strategies in order to exceed them. In particular, we will address the following topics: the use of "menus,” the use of positive installations, how to identify targets, how to exceed the use of psychological defenses, mainly dissociative, etc. We will then highlight the advantages of using EMDR with those children.

Keywords: Children Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

369. Barrett, W. (2011, March). Use of constant installation of present orientation & safety (CIPOS) in children and young people. Symposium conducted at the 9th annual Conference of the EMDR UK & Ireland, Bristol.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The aim of the paper would be to present a series of case studies relating to use of the CIPOS procedure (Eckers, 2009) with children and young people. Practice issues and areas for future development will be considered, together with feedback from the children and parents involved in the case studies.

Keywords: Adolescents Children CIPOS Constant Installation of Present Orientation & Safety Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

370. Paulson, S. (2003, September). Use of EMDR with a sexually abused severely autistic child. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Autisitism Children Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

371. Allemagne, K. L. (2009, August). The use of EMDR with treatment resistant patients suffering from chronic obsessive-compulsive disorder. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Atlanta, GA .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The use of Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing Therapy in the treatment of trauma and stress is well documented (Shapiro, 2001). Since its inception, several studies documenting the effectiveness of EMDR in the treatment of other mental health issues has also been studied (Parnell, 2006). Bae, Kim, and Ahn’s, (2006) clinical case study demonstrates no success with the use of EMDR to treat patients that developed obsessive-compulsive disorder after being diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder. Their article suggests little research in support of the use of EMDR in the treatment of OCD. This presentation illustrates two case studies of men diagnosed with chronic OCD, and their inability to find relief from their symptoms from both pharmacological and psychotherapeutic interventions. The study illustrates the use of Parnell’s modified EMDR protocol with both patients, and the importance of identifying and resolving feeder memories. Patient A is a male who was diagnosed with OCD twenty years ago. He has received both psychotherapy and psychiatric services from a major university hospital since being diagnosed. Part of the obsessive thoughts include shouting obscenities at his congregation, committing violent acts towards members of the parish, and ultimately jumping over a choir railing with the goal of killing himself. Patient A began psychotherapy using the Parnell’s modified protocol of EMDR. The patient was able to tap into core (feeder) memories from childhood where he violated trust and confidence with a friend that had not been fully resolved. This also connected with security issues with his mother, which eventually were completely resolved through EMDR. The patient’s obsessive thoughts ceased. The patient has been free of these obsessive thoughts post therapy for one year. Patient B sought therapy for compulsive behaviors related to exposing himself to unsuspecting victims. Additionally, this patient also engaged in compulsive masturbation behaviors for eight to ten hours a day. His actions not only were psychologically distressing to him, but also causing him problems with the local authorities. Patient B had sought psychotherapy and psychiatric services in the past on several occasions, but with no improvement. Patient B demonstrated radical improvement using Parnell’s modified EMDR protocol. The patient identified feeder memories that were not initially discussed during the assessment phase. After successful processing, patient B has not engaged in any inappropriate sexual behaviors or compulsive masturbation for three months. While psychodynamic principles rooted in experiences of life are not novel or innovative in the practice of psychotherapy, often therapists will focus on reducing the problematic symptoms accompanying a diagnosis of OCD, without considering the full implication of prior experiences. Continuing advances in the application of EMDR with an ever expanding array of mental and emotional disorders requires researchers to consider the importance of identifying feeder memories as a possible source of problematic symptoms. These results offer promising techniques for EMDR therapists, and new avenues in research exploring the efficacy of EMDR and OCD. This presentation will illustrate the process involved in identifying feeder memories.

Keywords: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder OCD Poster Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Treatment Resistance

Accuracy Verified: Yes

372. Bermudez, J. S. (2002, January). The use of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) within a multi-modal treatment program for child victims of extrafamilial sexual abuse. Carlos Albizu University, Miami, FL. AAT 3057608.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Sexual abuse has created multiple short and long term problems for many individuals in society today. It often occurs in childhood and the scars that are left can be permanent. Statistically, it occurs with far greater frequency than should be tolerated. However, it is frequently unreported and can be difficult to detect in a child that experiences this form of trauma. There is a significant need to help these children that have been victims of this crime. Extrafamilial sexual abuse in particular appears to occur with greater frequency than intrafamilial sexual abuse. Studies show that it has lasting effects on children. Two of the most common and consistent symptoms seen with these children are PTSD and sexualized behavior. Other symptoms that have been found with these children include: depression, anxiety, fear, and difficulty managing anger.Although there have been many program designs implemented for child sexual abuse victims, most do not properly assess the level of improvement through objective measures that show that the treatment was responsible for the observed change and not some other variable. Many different forms of treatment have been used to treat sexual abuse victims, such as different forms of traditional individual therapies, family therapy, group therapy, drama therapy, and art therapy. One innovative psychotherapeutic technique that has been used recently with these types of clients and those who have experienced other types of traumatic events is Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). EMDR is a relatively new form of treatment developed in 1987 by Francine Shapiro. There have been controlled research studies that have shown the efficacy of this technique. Although there are some researchers who are skeptical of the use of this technique and challenge its effectiveness, studies have nonetheless shown that it is an effective form of brief therapy with long-term effects. This proposed treatment program would be developed for children, aged 6-12 years, who have been victims of extrafamilial sexual abuse. It is designed to be short term, lasting 4 months, and EMDR will be utilized as the primary psychotherapeutic tool to assist the children in reprocessing their traumatic experience. Mental health services that would be provided include individual therapy consisting primarily of EMDR, group therapy for the child and the parents or caretakers provided separately, and family therapy that would include the parents, child, and siblings if deemed necessary. The children admitted to the program would meet criteria for a diagnosis of PTSD. They would also be given psychological measures in order to establish a baseline in terms of current symptoms such as depression and anxiety. The same measures would be administered again at the completion of treatment allowing for the measurement of any improvements. It is expected that children who complete the program would show a significant reduction or elimination of PTSD symptoms. This can be done more effectively by treating the family as a unit in dealing with such a traumatic experience. It is believed that this form of treatment would provide a valuable service to the community and further our understanding regarding the efficacy of EMDR. [Author Abstract] Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 63(6-B), Jan 2002, pp. 3000.

Keywords: Brief Psychotherapy Child Abuse Empirical Study Family Therapy Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape School Age Children Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

373. Parnell, L. (1995, June). The use of imaginal and cognitive interweaves with sexual abuse survivors. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This hour and a half presentation addresses the use of cognitive and imaginal interweaves in the treatment of adult survivors of sexual abuse. The overall course of treatment with EMDR is briefly outlined including a variety of interweave interventions for use in the beginning, middle and end of EMDR sessions. In working with sexual abuse survivors with EMDR it is important to understand the issues commonly encountered in their treatment. These include issues of safety, trust, responsibility, choice/control, interpersonal relationships, body awareness and image, sexuality and self esteem. A sexual abuse assessment can be taken which includes information on the perpetrator(s), severity and frequency of abuse, type of abuse, age of onset of abuse, duration of abuse, disclosure and family response. Sexual abuse survivors present themselves in treatment in different ways. Some clients come to treatment remembering abuse and want to clear it with EMDR. Other clients come to treatment with no clear memories of incidents but have a "feeling" something happened to them and have symptoms of abuse. There are clients who have no clear memories but something has triggered flashbacks and nightmares of sexual abuse. Finally, there are clients who have no memory of abuse and come to therapy for another reason but uncover what they believe to be sexual abuse memories with EMDR. There are three phases of treatment in sexual abuse cases. In the beginning phase, a history is taken and there is the establishment of a trusting relationship. The client is prepared for EMDR. In the middle phase, there is the reprocessing and working through of traumatic memories and transference work. In the end phase of treatment there is integration of the information which has been uncovered and preparation for life outside of therapy. Interweaves can be utilized in the beginning, middle and end of EMDR sessions. In the beginning of individual EMDR sessions there is a check-in with clients to see how they have been doing during the week. What has come up for them in their dreams or daily life since the last session? Next there is the selection and development of targets for EMDR (body sensation, memory, flashback, symptom, dream, feeling, vague sense, negative cognition or drawing). A safe place is then established where the client can go at the beginning, middle or end of the session as needed. Along with the safe place an inner advisor or other inner resources can be contacted and developed for use in sessions. A connection with the client's inner child is important which can be done through the use of guided imagery, photographs and/or artwork. Instructions on how EMDR will be used are given with attention paid to issues of safety and control (they are in control, they can stop at any time, they can return to the safe place, they know the signal for stop). Negative and positive cognitions are established along with the EMDR protocol. In the middle of individual EMDR sessions there are commonly problems with looping or being "stuck." This seems to occur frequently with sexual abuse survivors because of the intensity of the trauma and because the child self is often frozen in time lacking access to the adult self's information. Ways to work with this include looking for the blocking beliefs (i.e., The perpetrator can hurt me), look for blocking images, and talking to the child part (what does he/she need?). Imaginal and cognitive interweaves can be used in a variety of different ways in the middle of EMDR sessions. Some of these include: imagining the adult self helping the child self in the traumatic scene, bringing in inner and outer resources for help (i.e., a powdl imaginary being, a strong loving fiend, the therapist, etc.), and reality check interweave where is the perpetrator now?, can helshe hurt you now?) It is also important to educate the child part that his or her feelings are normal, sexual feelings are normal etc. It can be helpful to ask the adult self to talk to the child self explaining things to the child. Another useful interweave is to have the adult self hold the perpetrator and allow the child to beat him or her up or have the adult self beat up the perpetrator allowing anger to be expressed safely. Asking clients if they would like to return to the safe place for a break can also be helpful if they are feeling too overwhelmed. There are a number of ways to end or close incomplete EMDR sessions. Often it will not be possible to completely clear a traumatic memory in a session or the memory worked on is completed but connected to a whole network of other traumatic events. For these cases there are a number of interweaves that can be used. Clients can be requested to have the adult self comfort the child self in the . safe place. The client can imagine putting the scary unfinished disturbance that has been uncovered in a file folder, box, safe, leave it in the therapist's office, etc. The client can return to the safe place where the child and adult selves can play together. The adult can comfort the child or do whatever is needed to create safety and containment. Clients can imagine their child self being held by protector figures repeating cognitions related to safety, responsibility and choice. They can also be asked what they learned from the session, installing their response with eye movements. It is helpful to give homework to clients such as journaling, artwork, walks in nature, meditation, stress reduction, group work, exercise, nutritious diet, and restriction of drugs and alcohol. Loving Kindness or Metta Meditation is another very helpful tool for teaching self soothihg to adult survivors of sexual abuse.

Keywords: Cognitive Interweave Imaginal Interweave Sexual Abuse Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

374. Ross, C., & Rouanzoin, C. (2012, October). Uses of EMDR in complex dissociative disorders. Presentation at the 29th annual meeting of the International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation, Long Beach, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR can be used in the treatment of complex dissociative disorders. Both presenters have been treating dissociative disorders for decades and one is an approved EMDR trainer. This workshop will not include instruction on specific techniques: these can be learned from approved EMDR trainings which require six full days of workshop teaching, assigned readings, and 10 hours of supervision. Instead, the presenters will explain how EMDR is based on a trauma-dissociation model and is therefore highly suited to the treatment of complex dissociative disorders including DID. A brief description of EMDR will be provided, including its 8 phases, of which only one involves eye movements or other forms of bilateral stimulation. EMDR is consistent with three-stage models of trauma therapy: the eye movements are used in stage two, the active working phase of therapy. In EMDR this is called Phase 4. The work in trauma stage one (EMDR phases 1-3), in patients with DID or DDNOS, involves grounding, stabilization, system mapping, building co-consciousness, orientation of parts to the body and the present, and other elements from the dissociative disorders literature. The bilateral stimulation phase of EMDR should not be used until this phase one work is complete, or at least well underway. The presenters will then go on to provide case examples of how EMDR can be used in the psychotherapy of DID, DDNOS and the complex comorbidity that usually accompanies both.
Learning Objectives: Participants will be able to describe how EMDR can be used in complex dissociative disorders. Participants will be able to describe how EMDR is based on a trauma-dissociation model of mental disorders and addictions. Participants will be able to describe the basic feaures of EMDR.

Keywords: Dissociative Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

375. Zahorsky, R. (1995, June). Using dream work and EMDR with survivors of sexual abuse. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Dreamwork is a highly effective tool in working with survivors who are in the active stages of working through their abuse. As they begin to focus on painful memories, whether they are repressed or not, often post traumatic stress symptoms are activated. Often there is much traumatic material emerging in dreams. Sometimes the dreams are symbolic ways of highlighting the emotional issues, and sometimes the dreams contain material that is an additional piece of the memory being worked on. Over time, in conjunction with EMDR, it can be clarified what the information is really about. The symbolism that emerges is often very powerful and healing for the survivor, in and of itself, as it is truly their own creation and perhaps brilliant solution to the dilemmas at hand. Recently, I have been working with a specific method of doing dreamwork, called dream interviewing, developed by Dr. Gayle Delaney. This method is extremely client centered, allowing the client to come up with personalized descriptions of elements of the dream, bridge it to issues in their current life, and make sense of what the dream means for them, rather than have the therapist make interpretations. This is similar to what we do in EMDR following the client's process and allowing the meaning to emerge for them. I have been working with different ways of combining this dreamwork with EMDR. Sometimes a very interesting series of work happens when EMDR is used to follow a dream; either using the dream as the target, or following a dreamwork session where certain issues have been clarified. Sometimes there is such a powerful metaphorical image that is created, it may take several EMDR sessions in which EMDR becomes the dream and takes off on its own direction. I have also had much success in helping to uncover material by starting with a dream element that seems to convey some historical information. I will clarify the clinical cautions to be aware of when working with possible memories. In this presentation I will give some didactic material about PTSD dreams and dreams related to sexual abuse, some examples of how dreams can track the stages of healing of the survivor, an overview of doing dream interview work, and case examples of combining EMDR and dreamwork.

Keywords: Dreams Dream Work Sexual Abuse Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

376. Nutting, R. (2002, June). Using EMDR 'interweave' to reprocess 'defectiveness schema' in sexual abuse victims. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Diego, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Cognitive Interweave Poster Schema

Accuracy Verified: Yes

377. Zilbergeld, B. (1995, June). Using EMDR in the treatment of sexual problems. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This presentation is based entirely on my own clinical work and discussions with a few other sex therapists who use it in their work. I am well aware of the lack of solid research to back up my claims and to provide evidence of their generalizability to other clients, therapists, and situations. 1. Why EMDR is used so little in treating common sexual dysfunctions and dissatisfactions. 2. Why EMDR is relevant and appropriate in treating these problems. Everything depends on how we define trauma. If we use a broad definition - one that includes humiliations, embarrassments, anxiety, as well as hurts and wounds -the relevance of EMDR becomes obvious. 3. The kinds of causative and maintaining issues in sex cases that EMDR can be helpful for. These include anticipatory anxiety, unresolved early learnings about intimacy and sexuality, and current and past relationship fears and hurts. 4. Case examples of EMDR in the treatment of dysfunctions and dissatisfactions: orgasm and erection difficulties, rapid ejaculation, and desire/frequency complaints. 5. EMDR and meditation. I have found that for some clients meditation is a valuable adjunct to EMDR. It serves as a safe place for them and has also been helpful in bringing up issues that need work as well as a place to process and integrate material that comes up in EMDR. No special instructions are required; the very act of meditation does the bringing up of issues and processing on its own. 6. Litations of EMDR in dealing with cases of sexual problems. As far as I know, EMDR by itself has not resulted in complete resolution of a presenting sexual problem While extremely helphful in many cases, EMDR has to be viewed as one tool in a comprehensive treatment package. This means that those who use it need to have knowledge of and experience with the tools of sex therapy and marital therapy. EMDR is also limited, as are all therapy methods, by the dynamics of the relationship in which the sexual difficulty exists. While it can help resolve past wounds inflicted by the partner, it will not be effective in the long run if the relationship continues to feel unsafe. 7. There is a critical need for good research to back up claims of EMDR's benefits with sexual cases and to determine exactly how and when to use the method to maximum effect.

Keywords: Sexual Issues

Accuracy Verified: Yes

378. Tinker, R. H. (1995, June). Using EMDR to treat children. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Last year over 3 million children were exposed to physical and sexual abuse, and/or community and domestic violence (based on conservative estimates. Of these, approximately 1 million will require mental health, medical and educational services related to PTSD symptoms. The present workshop will make extensive use of videotaped sessions to illustrate the effectiveness of EMDR with traumatized children and children who exhibit symptomatology related to the major psychiatric syndromes exhibited in childhood. General considerations in using EMDR with children will be covered. Issues related to client safety during EMDR will be illustrated with a tape of a 10-year-old boy who was traumatized by physical abuse and his inability to protect his younger brothers. Standard protocols for use with children will be demonstrated by videotape, ranging from protocols appropriate for eight-year-olds and older; to those appropriate for most five- to eight-year-olds; and finally to those appropriate for children less than five. For example, nightmares are often a target of choice for young children, and this will be illustrated with a video of a four-year-old boy resolving a nightmare image. Diagnostic issues in using EMDR with children will also be covered. A majority of children referred for psychotherapy are referred for abuse (physical and sexual) and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). An overview of ADHD will be provided, with a discussion of how these-symptoms often overlap with PTSD symptomatology, causing diagnostic difficulties. Videotapes and overheads will be used in case presentations. The effects of divorce on children will be adumbrated, along with developmental considerations. Again, videos will be used to amplify the discussion. The effects of physical and sexual abuse on children, and how EMDR can be helpful with these children will be another major topic for consideration. Videos illustrating this process will be presented. PTSD in children will be examined, along with developmental considerations, and illustrated by videotape. If possible, footage from children traumatized by the bombing in Oklahoma City, will be included. Other videos could include using EMDR with a four-year-old child who was in an automobile accident, whose behavior continued to be impaired six months later, and a youth who accidentally shot and killed his younger cousin. Childhood disorders following bereavement will also be discussed and illustrated via videotape. References will be provided.

Keywords: Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

379. Carbone, D. (2004, September). Using EMDR to treat trauma as a result of childhood ridicule in gay men. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Montréal, Quebec Canada.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This training will enable participants to identify trauma responses in sexual minority clients (Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender) and the developmental origins of these responses. The trauma addressed is a result of a long-term pattern of childhood social ridicule. Participants will learn how to screen for certain psychological disorders that are more common in this population and situations whereby supplemental therapies are needed. The effectiveness of EMDR in reprocessing the trauma will be demonstrated through a presentation of 6 cases. Participants will become familiar with the importance of gay affirmative psychotherapy and referral sources.

Keywords: Gay Men Homosexuals Ridicule

Accuracy Verified: Yes

380. Tinker, R. (1996, June). Using EMDR with children. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Last year over 3 million children were exposed to physical and sexual abuse, andor community and domestic violence (based on conservative estimates. Of these, approximately 1 million will require mental health, medical and educational services related to PTSD symptoms. The present workshop will make extensive use of videotaped sessions to illustrate the effectiveness of EMDR with traumatized children and children who exhibit symptomatology related to the major psychiatric syndromes exhibited in childhood. General considerations in using EMDR with children will be covered. Issues related to client safety during EMDR will be illustrated with a tape of a 10-year-old boy who was traumatized by physical abuse and his inability to protect his younger brothers. Standard protocols for use with children will be demonstrated by videotape, ranging from protocols appropriate for eight-year-olds and older; to those appropriate for most five- to eight-year-olds; and finally to those appropriate for children less than five. For example, nightmares are often a target of choice for young children, and this will be illustrated with a video of a four-year-old boy resolving a nightmare image. Diagnostic issues in using EMDR with children will also be covered. A majority of children referred for psychotherapy are referred for abuse (physical and sexual) and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). An overview of ADHD will be provided, with a discussion of how these-symptoms often overlap with PTSD symptomatology, causing diagnostic difficulties. Videotapes and overheads will be used in case presentations. The effects of divorce on children will be adumbrated, along with developmental considerations. Again, videos will be used to amplify the discussion. The effects of physical and sexual abuse on children, and how EMDR can be helpful with these children will be another major topic for consideration. Videos illustrating this process will be presented. PTSD in children will be examined, along with developmental considerations, and illustrated by videotape. If possible, footage from children traumatized by the bombing in Oklahoma City, will be included. Other videos could include using EMDR with a four-year-old child who was in an automobile accident, whose behavior continued to be impaired six months later, and a youth who accidentally shot and killed his younger cousin. Childhood disorders following bereavement will also be discussed and illustrated via videotape. References will be provided.

Keywords: Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

381. Knipe, J. (2008, Maart). Using EMDR with dissociative clients: The CIPOS method. Keynote gepresenteerd op het derde congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Ede, The Netherlands.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
During this keynote the so called CIPOS procedure will be fully explained which is helpful with clients who are vulnerable to dissociative aabreaction (e.g. DID, DDNOS). This involves first a method for measuring degree of dissociation during a session (the so-called Back-of-the-Head Scale) and then a method for maintaining present orientation during traums processing (the moeht of Constant Installation of Present Orientation and Safety)

Keywords: CIPOS Dissociation Keynote

Accuracy Verified: Yes

382. Gates, D. P. (2002, June). Using EMDR with juvenile sex offenders and sexually reactive children. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Diego, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will witness through audio/video presentation how EMDR facilitates the therapeutic treatment of Juvenile Sex Offenders and Sexually Reactive Children by accessing their innate information processing system. Participants will view a Juvenile Sex Offender (JSO), discover and process different parts of himself leading to resolution of his issues and another JSO resolve past and present issues of power and trust. Participants will also learn to identify the criteria that names Sexually Reactive Children and by demonstration be exposed to various forms of bilateral stimulation in order to expand their repertoire of techniques. Finally, participants will witness a Sexually Reactive Child process how to protect himself, find solutions to his problems and discover his power.

Keywords: Juvenile Sex Offenders Sexual Reactivity

Accuracy Verified: Yes

383. Justus, W. (2004). Using EMDR with recovering addicts: An interview with Wendy Justus. Journal of Social Work Practice in the Addictions, 4(2), 85-93. doi:10.1300/J160v04n02_07.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Presents an interview with Wendy Justus on the efficacy of using Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) with recovering addicts. People who survive trauma often carry around a great deal of shame, usually based on a flawed belief that they could or should have prevented something terrible from happening. Addicts are usually riddled with shame, and Justus believes that this shame directly prolongs the life of their addiction and makes recovery seem impossible. So helping to lessen shame is her primary goal when working with addicts. She believes that EMDR, focused on either "large T" trauma, such as sexual abuse, or "small t" trauma, such as the fear induced by growing up in a dysfunctional family, can alleviate the shame attached to those traumas and therefore relieve the addict's need for a substance to quiet the shame. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Dysfunctional Family Drug Addiction Emotional Trauma Interviews Recovering Addicts Substance Abusers

Accuracy Verified: Yes

384. Knipe, J. (2006, June). Using EMDR with substance addictions and with behavior problems that have an addictive pattern. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Istanbul, Turkey.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Addictions Substance Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

385. Farrell, D., Dworkin, M., Keenan, P., & Spierings, S. (2010). Using EMDR with survivors of sexual abuse perpetrated by Roman Catholic priests. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 4(3), 124-133. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.4.3.124.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This article reviews research that investigated the idiosyncratic effects of sexual abuse perpetrated by Roman Catholic priests and makes related treatment recommendations. The research determined that this distinct form of sexual trauma generated unique posttraumatic symptoms not accounted for within the existing Posttraumatic Stress Disorder conceptual frameworks. These included significant anxiety and distress in areas such as theological belief, crisis of faith, and fears surrounding the participant’s own mortality. This article makes recommendations about EMDR treatment with clergy abuse survivors, based on these research findings utilizing a survivor’s story to illustrate case formulation and the utilization of process and content cognitive interweaves in addressing episodes of blocked processing.

Keywords: Clergy Sexual Abuse Cognitive Interweaves Idiosyncratic Trauma Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

386. Farrell, D. (2008, June). Using EMDR with survivors of sexual abuse perpetrated by roman catholic priests. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This paper is based upon a qualitative study which investigated the experiences of survivors of sexual abuse perpetrated by Roman Catholic Priests. The premise of the research was based upon a perceived assumption that such a distinct form of sexual traumatology generates unique trauma characteristics not accounted for within the existing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder conceptual frameworks (DSM-IV.TR; ICD-10). In making sense of survivors experiences evidence arose which indicated the majority of the research participants considered ‘God’ to have been integral within the abuse, manipulated either by design or default by the perpetrator. These idiosyncratic trauma characteristic created significant anxiety and distress in areas such as theological belief, crisis of faith and fears surrounding participant’s own mortality. This paper will outline a particular case of a survivor of such sexual abuse and their experience of EMDR discussing the ways in which such sexual traumatology is both similar and different to other survivor’s experiences and will critically consider the potential effectiveness of using EMDR with this particular client group. [Note: Poster and text PDFs]

Keywords: Perpetrators Poster Priests Roman Catholocism Survivors Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

387. Reubens, P. (2011, November). Using FOT in the treatment of childhood trauma. Presentation at the 2nd World Conference on Focusing Oriented Psychotherapies, Stony Point, New York .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Integrating Focusing-Oriented Therapy with EMDR in the treatment of an adult survivor of childhood sexual abuse. The case description illustrates a natural fit between a felt sense approach and the EMDR protocol.

Keywords: Focusing-Oriented Therapy FOT

Accuracy Verified: Yes

388. Leitch, M. L. (2000, September). Using multi-sensory learning in the EMDR treatment processing. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Toronto, Ontario Canada.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will be able to: 1) identify aspects of brain function that are relevant to multi-sensory processing in psychotherapy; 2) describe and use a simple method for assessing and using individual information processing styles as reflected in the lateral dominance pattern of brain, eye, ear, hand, and foot; 3) demonstrate how to design multi-sensory interventions which can be used at various stages of the EMDR treatment process; 4) apply the multi-senosry protocol to the EMDR treatment process using at least three presenting problems (body dysmorphia, depression, and sexual abuse); and 5) demonstrate a structured way to use creativity and EMDR to enhance learning.

Keywords: Brain Function Multi-Sensory Learning

Accuracy Verified: Yes

389. Cox, R. P., & Howard, M. D. (2007, January). Utilization of EMDR in the treatment of sexual addiction: A case study. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 14(1), 1-20. doi:10.1080/10720160601011299 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Sexual addiction is strongly anchored in shame and trauma. Research conducted over the last fifteen years has consistently shown the prevalence of emotional, physical, and sexual abuse in this population. The resultant trauma can present as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) has become a leading method of intervention with trauma and PTSD with effective results in an extremely short time. This paper will examine the issues of trauma in the etiology and treatment of sexual addiction. The use of EMDR as a specific intervention will be highlighted through the use of a clinical case study.

Keywords: Addiction Disorders Adult Clinical Case Study Sex Therapy Sexual Addiction

Accuracy Verified: Yes

390. Forgash, C. A. (1997, July). Utilizing EMDR consultation in a concurrent treatment model. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Francisco, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Psychotherapy treatment with sexual abuse survivors is often lengthy and complex. For therapists and patients alike, intrusive and dissociative aspects of Post Traumatic Stress symptoms in combination with self injurious behavior, mood disorders and current problems produce a variety of treatment difficulties. These range from dealing with destabilization, dissociative episodes and crisis intervention to more typical treatment impasses and resistances. These difficulties and resistances to theraputic work may involve a range of fears of exposure, violating early taboos against "telling", sequelae to revelations, and overwhelming shame and concern about rejection by the therapist. Other patient concerns are of being flooded by feelings and memories; or of dissociating in such a way as to remain "lost" to themselves. Stuck, immobilized and frozen in this state. the patient may have a sense of "pseudosafety" in the familiarity of these feelings. At the same time, as the symptoms persist with small or no reduction in levels of distress, patients may experience high levels of frustration. increased feelings of defeat, depression and anxiety. Loss of motivation and belief in the efficacy of therapy often follows. At such times, the therapist may wish to consider EMDR as an adjunctive course of treatment to resolve problems such as the above.

Keywords: Concurrent Treatment Model Consultation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

391. Forgash, C. A. (1997, Spring). Utilizing EMDR consultation in a concurrent treatment model. The Clinician, 28(2), 1-2.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Concurrent psychotherapy is valuable by providing timely interventions to patients with specialized needs. Clinicians refer patients for psychiatric consultations group work and to therapists who specialize in problem areas such as panic disorder, trauma, child abuse issues and substance abuse. Such traumas as child sexual abuse, family violence and disasters result in a large population suffering from Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and other Dissociative Disorders. Other patients have long-standing depressions, panic and psychosomatic disorders, performance anxiety and phobias stemming from traumas which do not resolve in traditional psychotherapy.

Keywords: Concurrent Treatment Model Consultation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

392. Goldwasser, N. (2005, September). Utilizing EMDR to heal undesired sexual attractions and to help actualize sexual potential. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Seattle, WA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The utilization of EMDR will be discussed within the context of a multi-modal treatment paradigm to treat unwanted sexual attractions and to help to actualize sexual potential in an individual desiring to alter their sexual arousal patterns. Specifically, focus will be place on the ways in which childhood and adolescent traumas can derail psychosexual development and contribute to the development of these attractions. Applications of standard EMDR protocols to this treatment paradigm will be described, in terms of healing the traumas that may have contributed to the developmental of undesired sexual attractions. Furthermore, speicifc EMDR components that can enhance the actualization of sexual potential will be identified and discussed. Specific focus will be placed on parameters of utilizing this paradigm, ensuring that all treatment goals are client-driven and not reflecting the values of the therapist, and ensuring that all APA Ethical Guidelines are carefully considered.

Keywords: Sexual Potential

Accuracy Verified: Yes

393. Torun, F. (2010, Spring). Vajinismusun EMDR yöntemi ile tedavisi: İki olgu sunumu [Treatment of vaginismus with EMDR: A report of two cases]. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 23(3), 243-248.

Language: Turkish

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Vajinismus kadının vajina kaslarındaki istemsiz kasılmalar nedeniyle hiçbir şekilde cinsel ilişkinin gerçekleşemediği bir cinsel işlev bozukluğudur. Vajinismus için temel tanı kriteri vajinanın dış üçte birindeki kaslarda koitusu engelleyecek, yineleyici bir biçimde ya da istem dışı spazmın olması olarak tanımlanmıştır. Birçok olguda ağrı ya da ağrının olabileceğine ilişkin korku vajinismusun ortaya çıkması ve sürmesine neden olmaktadır. Bu yazıda, çocukluk çağında geçirilmiş cinsel travmaya bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan iki vajinismus olgusunun Göz Hareketleri ile Duyarsızlaştırma ve Yeniden İşleme (Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing-EMDR) tekniği ile tedavisi sunulacaktır. EMDR ağırlıklı olarak ruhsal travma tedavisinde kullanılan bir tedavi tekniğidir. EMDR tekniğinin etkinliği, travma sonrası stres bozukluğu, cinsel travma mağdurları gibi birçok grupta yapılan randomize kontrollü çalışmalarla gösterilmiştir. Her iki olguda da standart olarak sekiz aşamalı EMDR protokolü uygulanmıştır. 3 seanslık EMDR seansı sonrasında her iki olguda da hem kaygı düzeylerinde azalma, hem de cinsel ilişkiye yönelik işlevsel olmayan düşüncelerin ortadan kalktığı görüldü ve vajinismus sorunu ortadan kalktı. Bu çalışmada sunulan iki olgudan hareketle, travmanın neden olduğu vajinismus olgularında EMDR’nin alternatif bir tedavi tekniği olarak etkili olabileceği söylenebilir.

Vaginismus is a type of sexual dysfunction in which spasm of the vaginal musculature prevents penetrative intercourse. The main diagnostic criterion is the presence of recurrent or persistent involuntary spasm of the musculature of the outer third of the vagina that interferes with sexual intercourse. In many cases associated pain or the fear of pain may contribute to its persistence. Herein we report 2 patients that presented with vaginismus that developed secondary to childhood sexual trauma, which was treated with the Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) technique. EMDR is a non-pharmacologic treatment for psychological trauma. Randomized controlled trials with posttraumatic stress disorder patients and with victims of sexual abuse have shown that EMDR is effective. The standard 8-phase EMDR protocol was used in both of the presented cases. Following 3 sessions of EMDR, the patients exhibited a substantial reduction in self-reported and clinician-rated anxiety, and a reduction in the credibility of dysfunctional beliefs concerning sexual intercourse. These findings support the notion that EMDR could be an effective treatment alternative for patients with vaginismus of traumatic etiology.

Keywords: Adult Desensitization, Female Humans Psychologic Sexual Behavior Vaginismus Wounds and Injuries

Accuracy Verified: Yes

394. Zamboni, L. (2007, Novembro). A velocidade da cura com o uso do EMDR no tratamento da dispaurenia [The speed of healing with the use of EMDR in the treatment of dispaurenia]. Apresentação no Congresso Ibero-Americano de EMDR, Brasília, Brasil.

Language: Portuguese

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Objetivos de aprendizagem: • demonstrar a eficácia da abordagem no tratamento das disfunções sexuais • incentivar os terapeutas a utilizarem o EMDR em sua prática clínica • motivar novos estudos na área da sexualidade.

Learning Objectives: • demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach in treatment of sexual dysfunction • encourage therapists to use EMDR in clinical practice • motivate new studies in the area of sexuality

Keywords: Dispaurenia

Accuracy Verified: Yes

395. Keenan, P., & Royle, L. (2007, Fall). Vicarious trauma and first responders: A case study utilizing eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) as the primary treatment modality. International Journal of Emergency Mental Health, 9(4), 291-298 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Traumatic events can occur and adversely affect people during their lifetime. Natural disasters such as the earthquake in Pakistan in 2005 or the Tsunami in Asia in 2004, terrorist atrocities around the world, or personal events such as physical or sexual assault, can result in psychological difficulties for those people directly affected by these events. The diagnostic term PTSD is generally used to explain the often-severe psychological sequelae that people may exhibit when directly affected by trauma. However, what of those people not directly involved in the trauma, but those who have borne witness to it, either by listening to the stories of survivors, or in the case of the helping professionals (such as police officers, nurses, doctors, psychotherapists, fire-fighters), actively working with survivors in psychological distress? This paper examines the potential psychological consequences for those in helping professions who are working with traumatized clients. This paper then focuses on a specific treatment intervention, EMDR, utilizing a case study by way of explanation. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Case Report Clinical Case Study Cognitive Schemas Depressive Disorders Helping Professionals Males Police Officers Police Personnel Psychotherapeutic Processes Stressors Stigma Treatment Effectiveness Vicarious Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

396. Anderson, C. (1996, June). Visualization for survivors of molest. EMDRIA Newsletter, 1(1), 12.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
In my work with survivors, I have been noticing some interesting patterns developing in those who make particularly rapid progress.

Keywords: Sexual Abuse Survivors Molestation Visualization

Accuracy Verified: Yes

397. Baker, J. (2001, December 1). Visuals aid therapy: Lawrence psychotherapist uses eye movement technique. Lawrence, KS: Lawrence Journal-World.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
The therapy has helped more than 1 million people worldwide who have survived trauma such as sexual abuse, domestic violence, combat and crime, according to the EMDR Institute of Pacific Grove, Calif., which trains clinicians in the technique. Francine Shapiro, who created the eye movement therapy in 1985, is a licensed psychologist and a senior research fellow at the Mental Research Institute in Palo Alto, Calif. Shapiro is also the director of the EMDR Institute.

Keywords: General Lawrence Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

398. Knipe, J. (2010, September/October). What the adaptive information processing model brings to the assessment and treatment of dissociative disorders. Plenary presented at the annual meeting of EMDR International Association, Minneapolis, MN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Clients with a dissociative personality structure can be very vulnerable to dissociative abreaction – i.e. “reliving” the trauma with intense disturbance while experiencing a loss of present orientation and safety. In addition, a client who has repeatedly experienced this type of traumatic intrusion is likely to have developed complex psychological defenses. This presentation will include the description of certain AIP “tools” that can be used to help dissociative clients who have strong phobic fears of their own post-traumatic material and who have developed additional mental actions to prevent the emergence of that troubling material. These “tools” will be illustrated with brief session transcripts and video segments.

Keywords: Dissociative Disorders Plenary

Accuracy Verified: Yes

399. Forgash, C. A. (2000). When a PTSD survivor becomes pregnant: Implications for EMDR treatment. Author.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
There are many questions and issues concerning the use of EMDR in the treastment of pregnant PTSD survivors. I think Tom Cloyd's EMDR Portal summary of the issues involved in the EMDR treatment of pregnant women who suffer from PTSD is a wonderful opening to an in-depth discussion of the subject. Since approximately one out of four women (USA National Child Abuse statistics) are survivors of childhood sexual abuse, and many of these have a diagnosis of PTSD, a not inconsiderable number of pregnant women at any given time are going to have PTSD symptoms.

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Pregnancy PTSD Survivor

Accuracy Verified: Yes

400. Knudsen, N. (2009, August). When trauma happens within the family: EMDR and the treatment of clients with challenging families. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Atlanta, GA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Traumatic events that originate within the family system leave an indelible mark on all involved. Family violence, sexual abuse, traumatic losses, or a long series of painful small moments throughout childhood can leave an individual at a loss of how or whether to connect with family. This workshop will help EMDR clinicians weave preparation and trauma processing throughout a treatment that takes into account the real life challenges that occur, sometimes at inopportune moments. Participants will learn when and how to use EMDR with present triggers that activate client trauma and effectively use the float forward and future templates before and after actual contacts to reinforce new approaches.

Keywords: Families

Accuracy Verified: Yes

401. Sack, M. (2008, September). Wirkmechanismen von EMDR [Work mechanisms in EMDR]. Pre-Congress presentation at the 11th Congress of the European Society of Hypnosis in Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, Vienna, Austria.

Language: German

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) ist ein expositionsbasiertes Verfahren zur Behandlung von Patienten mit posttraumatischen Belastungsstörungen (PTSD). Während die Wirksamkeit der EMDR-Behandlung empirisch gut nachgewiesen ist, besteht nach wie vor Unklarheit, ob die beim EMDR eingesetzte bilaterale Stimulation durch Augenbewegungen einen spezifischen Effekt hat. Wir stellen Ergebnisse aus mehreren Studien zum Monitoring autonom-vegetativer Parameter während Traumatherapiesitzungen mit EMDR vor. Es lässt sich unmittelbar nach Beginn der Augenbewegungen ein starker Anstieg des Parasympathikotonus und ein Abfall der Herzfrequenz beobachten. Diese
Reaktion erstreckt sich über etwa 10 Sekunden und entspricht damit dem Verlaufsmuster einer so genannten Orientierungsreaktion auf einen neuen Stimulus. Im Sitzungsverlauf zeigt sich, dass die Herzfrequenz abfällt und der Parasympathikotonus ansteigt. Damit liefern unsere Befunde eine empirische Bestätigung für die Hypothese, dass es während EMDR-Sitzungen zu Orientierungsreaktionen kommt. Nach unserer Einschätzung werden durch die bilaterale Stimulation biologische Ressourcen aktiviert, die eine Verarbeitung traumatischer Erinnerungen begünstigen.

EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is an exposure based method for the treatment of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). While the effectiveness of EMDR treatment is well established empirically, there is still uncertainty whether the bilateral stimulation used in EMDR by eye movements has a specific effect. We present results of several studies on vegetative-autonomous monitoring parameters before, during trauma therapy sessions with EMDR. It can be observed immediately after the start of eye movement, a sharp increase parasympathetic tone and a decrease in heart rate. This reaction extends over about 10 seconds and corresponds to the pattern during a so-called orientation reaction to a new stimulus. During the session shows that decreases the heart rate and increases the parasympathetic tone. Thus our findings provide empirical confirmation for the hypothesis that during EMDR sessions is to guide responses. In our view be activated by bilateral stimulation of biological resources, encourage the processing of traumatic memories.

Keywords: Bilateral Stimulation BLS Mechanisms Vegetative-Autonomous Monitoring Parameters

Accuracy Verified: Yes

402. Farrell, D. (2010, July). With survivors of sexual abuse and domestic violence. Presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Domestic violence is a multifaceted complex trauma that can incorporate many attributes of violence be that physical, sexual, psychological, systemic and economic in nature and which can be both extremely overt and/ and covert. Internationally crime statistics highlight that domestic violence is predominantly a gendered crime and is a phenomenon common to all cultures. The British Crime Survey (2001) indicated that at least 1 in 4 women will experience some form of domestic violence in their lifetime. This workshop will consider some of the implications for using EMDR with this client group. The primary focus of the workshop will be upon the EMDR phases of history taking, preparation and the implications for desensitisation and reprocessing and the wider implications for EMDR clinical practice.

Keywords: Domestic Violence Sexual Abuse Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

403. Grinbaum, A., & Levy, M. (2007, June). Working with child care in public service. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Work in child care in a pubic service, brings us to accept all people who come to us whatever their origin (Mediterranean, Black Africa, Asia), their social class (from the most impoverished to the upper class), or any kind of difficulty (from school and socio-educational problems to autism or serious psychosis). We are psychologists, psychoanalysts ad family therapist with more than 25 years of experience. Through our work, we learned listening, patience, neutrality, and interpretation. While sometimes our experience brought us to invent means to come in contact with them, the EMDR method gave us another mode of relation with the child which is at the same time more flexible and closer to them. Since our training in 2004, we noticed a change in our practice ad in the attitude of our colleagues and fellow workers toward us. We would like to describe in this talk the feeling of freedom we felt to work with such a rigid protocol; to work differently with problems like drugs or sexual abuse as well as difficulties in early childhood to work in turn with the parent and the children, to work with the whole family while treating one of their members in from of them. We want to present some clinical examples and share with you the enthusiasm that this new therapy arouses in us after so many years of practice.

Keywords: Children Child Care Poster

Accuracy Verified: Yes

404. Farrell, D. (1997, July). Working with survivors of clergy sexual abuse and the utilization of EMDR as a treatment modality. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Francisco, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participant will learn how: 1) to be aware of sexual abuse by clery in a historical perspective; 2) to examine the ways in which it differs from other types of abuse; 3) to identify specific use of cognitive interwewave for this client group; and 4) to consider recommendations for further research.

Keywords: Clergy Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

405. Farrell, D. (1998, July). Working with survivors of sexual abuse by clergy and the utilization of EMDR as a specific treatment modality. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Baltimore, MD.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Clergy Cognitive Interweave Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes