Francine Shapiro Library - EMDR Bibliography Links
Choose any combination of the search options below. If you do not wish to include an option in your search, leave the box blank, or select "Any."
Your Results - you searched for the keyword Reconsolidation 9 Results
1. Eidhof, M. B. (2012). The contribution of emotion to the effects of EMDR. Universiteit Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Language: English
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract:
Until now, the effects of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), has been best explained by Working Memory (WM) theory. Research on the effects of EMDR has always concerned emotional memory, even though the WM account does not consider the emotional element in EMDR. Insights from neuroscience about emotion and its role in the consolidating of stimuli have led to questions that WM theory cannot address. Therefore, the present study introduces the WM/emotion theory on EMDR, which complements WM theory by incorporating knowledge about emotion and its expected role in EMDR treatment. WM/emotion theory expects emotion to play an important role in EMDR treatment, because the re-experiencing of emotion during the recall of an (traumatic) emotional memory seems to enhance (re)consolidation of the ‘blurred’ (as a result of taxing the WM) memory. If this is true, it means EMDR treatment would only affect memories with high emotional charge, and EMDR would be less effective with neutral memories. To test this hypothesis, an experiment was conducted in which negative emotional- and neutral memories of participants were treated with a lab version of EMDR (recall + eye movements (Recall+EM’s)) or a control intervention (Recall-only). It was expected that after Recall + EM’s the reduction of the vividness (and emotionality) would be larger for emotional memories than for neutral memories.It was found that after Recall+EM’s only the vividness (and emotionality) of emotional memories was reduced. The results of the present study suggest that emotion is a crucial element in EMDR treatment and knowledge about the workings of EMDR should be revised according to WM/emotion theory.
Keywords: Autobiographical Memories Consolidation Emotion Negative Memories Neutral Memories Reconsolidation Vividness Working Memory
Accuracy Verified: Yes
2. Alblas, E. E. (2012). Desensitisation and facilitation of memory after eye movements: An effort to solve an apparent contradiction. Utrecht, Nederlands: Universiteit Utrecht.
Language: English
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract:
Post-traumatic stress syndrome (PTSD) is a disorder characterized by frequent vivid memories of a traumatic event. A current effective treatment for PTSD is Eye Movement Desensitisation Reprocessing treatment (EMDR). A model to explain the desensitizing effects by eye movements is the dual task hypothesis of working memory (WM). This posits that eye movements as second task exceed WM capacity, thus blurring subsequent reconsolidation of the (traumatic) memory. Eye movements prior to recall however have also been observed to facilitate memory. This thesis reviews several models to analyse whether the conflicting findings could result from one underlying process, or whether procedural differences in study design are likely to generate the opposing effects.
Keywords: Memory Desensitization Memory Facilitation Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PSTD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
3. Solomon, R. M., & Shapiro, F. (2008). EMDR and the adaptive information processing model - Potential mechanisms of change. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 2(4), 315-325. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.2.4.315.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is a therapeutic approach guided by the adaptive
information processing (AIP) model. This article provides a brief overview of some of the major
precepts of AIP. The basis of clinical pathology is hypothesized to be dysfunctionally stored memories,
with therapeutic change resulting from the processing of these memories within larger adaptive networks.
Unlike extinction-based exposure therapies, memories targeted in EMDR are posited to transmute during
processing and are then again stored by a process of reconsolidation. Therefore, a comparison and contrast
to extinction-based information processing models and treatment is provided, including implications
for clinical practice. Throughout the article a variety of mechanisms of action are discussed, including
those inferred by tenets of the AIP model, and the EMDR procedures themselves, including the bilateral
stimulation. Research suggestions are offered in order to investigate various hypotheses.
Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing Model AIP Information Processing Mechanism of Change Psychotherapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
4. Solomon, R. M., & Shapiro, F. (2010). EMDR y el modelo de procesamiento adaptativo de la informacion (PAI) mecanismos potenciales de cambio [EMDR and adaptive model of information processing (AIP) potential mechanisms of change]. Revista de Psicopterapia, 20(80), 17-37.
Language: Spanish
Format: Journal
Abstract:
La desensibilización y reprocesamiento mediante movimientos oculares (EMDR) es un abordaje terapéutico que está guiado por el modelo de procesamiento adaptativo de la información (PAI). Este artículo proporciona una breve visión de conjunto de algunos de los principales preceptos del PAI. Se plantea la hipótesis de que la base de la patología clínica radicaría en los recuerdos almacenados disfuncionalmente, derivándose los resultados terapéuticos obtenidos del procesamiento de tales recuerdos dentro de redes adaptativas mayores. A diferencia de las terapias de exposición basadas en la extinción, se postula que los recuerdos considerados como diana en el EMDR pueden sufrir la transmutación durante el procesamiento para ser luego almacenados nuevamente durante el proceso de reconsolidación. Por ello, se proporciona una comparación y un contraste con los modelos de procesamiento de la información basados en la extinción como así también el tratamiento, que incluye las repercusiones que puede tener para la práctica clínica. A lo largo del artículo se comenta una diversidad de mecanismos de acción, incluidos aquellos que se deducen de los principios del modelo PAI como de los propios procedimientos del EMDR, entre los que figura la estimulación bilateral. A fin de investigar las diversas hipótesis, se ofrecen sugerencias de investigación.
"Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is a therapeutic approach guided by the adaptive information processing (AIP) model. This article provides a brief overview of some of the major precepts of AIP. The basis of clinical pathology is hypothesized to be dysfunctionally stored memories,with therapeutic change resulting from the processing of these memories within larger adaptive networks. Unlike extinction-based exposure therapies, memories targeted in EMDR are posited to transmute during processing and are then again stored by a process of reconsolidation. Therefore, a comparison and contrast to extinction-based information processing models and treatment is provided, including implications for clinical practice. Throughout the article a variety of mechanisms of action are discussed, including those inferred by tenets of the AIP model, and the EMDR procedures themselves, including the bilateral stimulation. Research suggestions are offered in order to investigate various hypotheses."
Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP Mechanisms of Change
Accuracy Verified: Yes
5. Leeds, A. M. (2010, February). Extinction or reconsolidation differences between suppression and transformation in how we recover from traumatic experiences. Author.
Language: English
Format: Other
Abstract:
Memory is central to all learned behavior, and in humans to one’s sense of identity. Sleep and memory processes are deeply entwined. Both are central to our sense of well-being.
Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP Extinction, Prolonged Exposure Reconsolidation
Accuracy Verified: Yes
6. Alexander, J. (April, 2013). Inside EMDR: A neurological perspective. The Neuropsychotherapist eMagazine. Retrieved from http://drjamespsychologist-com.webs.com/neurological-basis-of-emdr 4/8/2013.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
While there is still some scepticism raised about the efficacy of Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing (EMDR) within psychology (e.g Lilienfield & Arkowitz 2008), it is clear that this therapeutic approach has more than adequately fulfilled the requirements of an evidence based therapy. Most psychological and psychiatric associations around the world endorse EMDR as an evidence based approach to the treatment of psychological trauma and PTSD. This status was recently acknowledged by the World Health Organisation, which recommended this therapy as a first line treatment option for psychological trauma based on the evidence which has amassed testifying to its efficacy. Despite the advances in neuroscience which fMRI research has afforded in the last decade or so, little remains known of the neurological mechanisms of change associated with any psychotherapeutic approach. EMDR is no different, in that the precise mechanisms of change can only be speculated upon. Harvard neuroscientist Robert Stickgold (2002) provides a comprehensive example of these speculations. (He suggests that EMDR achieves its results by way of replicating the naturally occurring dream-based consolidation process via the eye movements which are common to both REM sleep and EMDR). However, little comment is currently available about EMDR in relation to recent findings concerning memory reconsolidation.
Keywords: Neuropsychotherapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
7. Suzuki, A., Josselyn, S. A., Frankland, P. W., Masushige, S., Silva, A. J., & Satoshi, K. (2004). Memory reconsolidation and extinction have distinct temporal and biochemical signatures. Journal of Neuroscience, 24(20), 4787–4795. doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5491-03.2004.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
The article explores the differences between memory reconsolidation and extinction. This new area of investigation is worthy of additional attention. Reconsolidation may prove to be the underlying mechanism of EMDR, as opposed to extinction caused by prolonged exposure therapies. “Memory reconsolidation after retrieval may be used to update or integrate new information into long-term memories . . . Brief exposure … seems to trigger a second wave of memory consolidation (reconsolidation), whereas prolonged exposure . . leads to the formation of a new memory that competes with the original memory (extinction).”
Keywords: Consolidation Extinction Fear Conditioning Reconsolidation Protein Synthesis Spatial Memory
Accuracy Verified: Yes
8. Blore, D. (2012, June). Plasticity of meaning: A proposed AIP theory of extension to explain the totality of psychological change in EMDR. Poster presented at the annual meeting of EMDR Europe, Madrid, Spain .
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: This poster acts as additional material to the presentation at this conference on the same topic. The proposal for an extension to Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) (Shapiro 1995, 2001) is derived from the author’s doctoral thesis (Blore 2012a) – a phenomenological study of positive psychological changes experienced by survivors of road traffi c accidents in the post Eye Movement Desensitisation & Reprocessing (EMDR) treatment context. It is argued that AIP does not fully account for the totality of psychological change following EMDR, partly due to lack of knowledge and partly because of the emphasis on explaining the reduction of negative psychological change (rNPC). The main presentation expands on this reasoning, whilst this poster focuses on the proposed theory extension a: ‘Plasticity of Meaning’ (PoM). To illustrate this theory extension, three examples of fi gurative language use (FLU) obtained during interviews with participants are subjected to microtextual analyses (see Smith 2004, p51). It is argued that FLU is a phenomenological (i.e. observable) event that suggests a ‘trading of words’ in turn suggesting neurological networks connecting – a central tenet of AIP. The phrase ‘PoM’ has been coined because of hypothesised similarities to Frey & Morris’ (1997) synaptic plasticity and Cahill & McGaugh’s (1998) reconsolidation of memory theory.
Keywords: Neurobiology Poster
Accuracy Verified: Yes
9. Welling, H. (2012, June). Transformative emotional sequence: Towards a common principle of change. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 22(2), 109 -136. doi:10.1037/a0027786.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Transformative emotional sequence (TES) is proposed as a common principle of therapeutic change underlying a number of therapies: Emotion-focused therapy (EFT), coherence therapy (CT), accelerated experiential-dynamic psychotherapy (AEDP), and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). TES consists of emotional activation of a problematic emotional state followed by the activation of adaptive emotional state(s) within a short window of time. The resulting change is the creation of a permanent connection between previously unintegrated maladaptive emotional memory networks and adaptive emotional networks. Memory reconsolidation provides a plausible explanation for the mechanism underlying the effectiveness of TES. I compare TES to exposure, and argue that it is the intervention of choice for transforming maladaptive emotions, whereas exposure is most appropriate for accessing disowned and avoided experiences. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Accelerated Experiential-Dynamic Psychotherapy AEDP Coherence Therapy CT EFT Emotopm-Focused Therapy TES Transformative Emotional Sequence
Accuracy Verified: Yes