Francine Shapiro Library ~ EMDR Bibliography

Francine Shapiro Library - EMDR Bibliography Links

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1. Sinici, F., Erden, H. G., & Yurttas, Y. (2009, October). Akut stres bozuklu¤unda bir müdahale tekni¤inin uygulanabilirli¤i: Göz hareketleri ile duyars›zlaflt›rma ve yeniden ‹flleme (EMDR) [Applicability of an intervention technique in acute stress disorder: Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)]. Yeni Symposium Journal, 47(4), 178-186.

Language: Turkish

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Akut stres bozukluğu, Türkiye'de giderek artan ve kişinin hayat kalitesini oldukça bozabilen bir sorundur. Bu konuyla ilgili olarak yapılan çalışmalarda hangi tedavi şeklinin daha yararlı olduğu konusunda kesin bir karara varılamamıştır. Göz Hareketleri ile Duyarsızlaştırma ve Yeniden İşleme [Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing: EMDR] tekniği, travmatik anıların birkaç uygulama oturumunda çözümlenebileceğini ifâde eden bir yaklaşımdır. EMDR oturumlarında hastadan yaşadığı bir travma sahnesi hayâl etmesini, olumsuz benlik imajı, travma ile ilgili olumsuz duyguları ve beden duyumlarını aklında tutması istenmektedir. Hastaya çift taraflı uyarı verilmektedir [gözün sağa sola hareketi, sağ ve sol kulağa verilen ses veya sağ ve sol ele verilen titreşim vb.]. Daha sonra danışana ortaya çıkan görüntü, duygu ve fiziksel duyumları anlatmaktadır. Bu tekrarlanan işlemler hastadaki olumsuz düşünce ve duygular duyarsızlaşıncaya kadar devam etmektedir. Olumsuz duygu ve düşüncelerin yerini olumlu duygu ve düşünceler almaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı hastaların hayat kalitelerini bozan ve travma sonrasındaki ilk 4 hafta içinde aşırı korku, çaresizlik veya duygusal tepkisizlikle beraber, diğer belirtilerin de görülebildiği akut stres bozukluğunun tedavisinde yeni bir yöntem olan ve 2 yıldır aktif olarak uyguladığımız göz hareketleri ile duyarsızlaştırma ve yeniden işleme [EMDR] tekniği konusunda yazılmış literatür bilgilerini gözden geçirerek bu konuda son yaklaşımların ortaya konulmasını sağlamaktır. Bununla birlikte EMDR tekniğinin yaygınlaştırılarak faâl olarak kullanılması hem hastalar hem de uygulayıcılar açısından büyük yararlar sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Acute stress disorder is a syndrome that significantly disturbs the quality of life and has been increasingly observed in Turkey. Although there are many studies on this subject, there is no consensus about the best treatment choice. Eye Movements Desensitization and Reprocessing [EMDR] technique is a novel approach that helps to resolve traumatic memories in a few sessions. In EMDR sessions, patients are asked to think about the trauma scene that has occurred and keep the negative self image and negative feelings about the trauma and bodily feelings in mind. Bilateral stimulation is presented to the patient [right and left movement of the eye, sound to right and left ear and vibration to right and left hand etc]. Later arising images express the feelings and physical sensations. This procedure is repeated until desensitization to negative thought and feelings are achieved. Negative thought and feelings are replaced by positive thought and feelings. Purpose of this study is to review the studies in literature and describe the up-to-date approaches about EMDR technique which is a novel method in treatment of acute stress disorder that disturbs patient quality of life and presents with excessive fear, desperation, emotional desensitization and other symptoms within 4 weeks following the trauma and we have been using this treatment method frequently for more then 2 years. Nevertheless widespread and effective use of EMDR will provide considerable benefit for both patients and the performers.

Keywords: Acute Stress Disorder ASD: Behavior Therapy Emotional Disorder Eye Movement Fear Human Memory Disorder Psychologic Assessment Quality of Life Review Stimulation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

2. 崎尾英子[Sakio, Eiko] (2003). EMDRコレクションケース [EMDR collection of cases]. 東京：清和書店、237頁 [Tokyo: Seiwashoten, 237 pp.].

Language: Japanese

Format: Book

Keywords: Case Studies Practice Psychologic Desensitization Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

3. Weisz, J. R., Hawley, K. M., & Doss, A. J. (2004). Empirically tested psychotherapies for youth internalizing and externalizing problems and disorders. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North American, 13, 729–815. doi:10.1016/j.chc.2004.05.006.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The term psychotherapy has come to be applied to a broad array of nonmedical interventions designed to alleviate psychologic distress, reduce maladaptive behavior, or increase deficient adaptive behavior through counseling, interaction, a training program, or a predetermined treatment plan. Although the specific term is relatively recent historically, the general idea is ancient. Roots of psychotherapy can be found in the ageless tradition of helping by listening, discussing, and questioning. Among the early Greek philosophers, Socrates developed a method and a thesis that presaged some modern forms of psychotherapy. His approach involved questioning others to provoke them to examine their beliefs, with the goal of bringing them closer to truth. His method reflected his ‘‘midwife thesis,’’ the notion that the philosopher’s role is to deliver the truth that already is within others, much as the midwife delivers the baby that is within a mother. This idea, of course, is not so different from the view many modern therapists have of their own professional roles. Other approaches that fall under the ‘‘psychotherapy umbrella’’ do not involve talk therapies but rather procedures that parents, teachers, and other adults use to limit disobedient or disruptive behavior by boys and girls or to help youngsters focus attention or behave less impulsively. The struggle by adults to shape, manage, and guide youth behavior certainly predates even the ancient Greeks.

Keywords: Adolescents Externalization Internalization

Accuracy Verified: Yes

4. Watson, P. J., Friedman, M. J., Ruzek, J. I., & Norris, F. (2002, August). Managing acute stress response to major trauma. Current Psychiatry Reports, 4(4), 247-253. doi:10.1007/s11920-996-0043-x.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
In this article, the authors review the current empiric literature on early interventions. Findings on the effects, course, help-seeking, and recovery from disasters are first reviewed, with recommendations given that are pertinent to intervention following mass casualties. In reviewing the most commonly used interventions, it is clear that evidence from well-controlled studies showing that early intervention can help prevent longer-term problems is limited. The authors discuss the approaches that have received the most attention or empiric support as early interventions following trauma, which include psychologic debriefing, cognitive-behavioral interventions, eye movement desensitization and processing (EMDR) and other neoteric approaches, and psychopharmacology. At this time, the most promising results for prevention of psychopathology have been achieved with brief four- or five-session cognitive-behavioral therapy. In contrast, randomized clinical trials on psychologic debriefing currently suggest that this approach is either ineffective at preventing psychopathology, or contributive to PTSD symptoms. Research support is currently lacking for EMDR and pharmacotherapy as early interventions. A major challenge to the field is to integrate the practical experience and knowledge of professional responders with well-controlled, timely intervention research, and to effectively disseminate these findings to practitioners in the field. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Critical Incident Stress Debriefing Effects Literature Review Negative Research Needs Review Posttraumatic Stress Diorder Psychological Debriefing PTSD Stressors Survivors Therapeutic Reaction Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

5. Swatzyna, R. (1998, July). A tactical therapeutic protocol, for the treatment of PTSD, accentuating both neurologic and psychologic desensitization. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Baltimore, MD.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will: 1) understand the theory behind neurologic desensitization and it physiological necessity as a precursor to EMDR therapy; 2) explore Benson and Everly's strategic metatherapeutic approach to PSTD for the purpose of understanding the design necessities required of tactical therapeutic protocols; and 3) gain a knowledge of Biofeedback Assisted Relaxation training and its applicability to the establishment of a "Safe Place" during the first phase of EMDR, and the return to a "Safe Place" during the closure phase.

Keywords: Benson and Everly's Strategic Metatherapeutic Approach Safe Place Biofeedback Assisted Relaxation Neurologic Desensitization Tactile Protocol

Accuracy Verified: Yes

6. Johannesson, K. B. (2007). Traumatiska minnen kan behandlas effektivt med EMDR [Traumatic memories can be effectively treated with EMDR]. Läkartidningen, 104(10), 782-783.

Language: Swedish

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensibilisering och upparbetning (EMDR) är idag en evidensbaserad och internationellt accepterade psykoterapeutisk metod för behandling av traumatiska minnen och PTSD. Jämfört med KBT-metoden har visat sig vara lika effektiva. Det är ännu inte tillräcklig förklaring till varför metoden fungerar. Ny forskning syftar till att beskriva betydelsen av ögonrörelser för aktivering minnesfunktioner och effekterna av det centrala nervsystemet. [författare sammanfattning]

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is nowadays an evidence based and internationally accepted psychotherapeutic method for treatment of traumatic memories and PTSD. Compared to CBT method it has shown to be equally effective. It is not yet sufficiently explained why the method works. Recent research aims at mapping the importance of the eye movements for activating memory functions and impact of the central nervous system.[Author abstract]

Keywords: Cognitive Therapy Desensitization Eye Movements Humans Memory Post-Traumatic Therapy Psychologic Methods Stress Disorders Treatment Outcome

Accuracy Verified: Yes

7. Swatzyna, R. (1997). The treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder utilizing biofeedback relaxation training with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy. University of Texas, Arlington, TX. AAT 1387189.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
This study evaluates a protocol incorporating Biofeedback Assisted Relaxation (BAR) training with Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy for the treatment of PTSD. Based on Everly & Benson's strategic metatherapeutic approach for PTSD, a tactical therapeutic protocol was developed with specific attention to both neurologic and psychologic arousal factors. A single-subject design (A-B-C) was utilized for the three PTSD experimental subjects. The A phase consisted of three baseline psychophysiological assessments; the B phase consisted of four BAR training sessions; and, the C phase consisted of four sessions of EMDR therapy. The study results indicate resolution of PTSD attained by all three subjects, and psychologic and neurologic desensitization accomplished. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: BFB Biofeedback Training Posttraumatic Stress Diosrder PTSD Stressors Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

8. Torun, F. (2010, Spring). Vajinismusun EMDR yöntemi ile tedavisi: İki olgu sunumu [Treatment of vaginismus with EMDR: A report of two cases]. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 23(3), 243-248.

Language: Turkish

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Vajinismus kadının vajina kaslarındaki istemsiz kasılmalar nedeniyle hiçbir şekilde cinsel ilişkinin gerçekleşemediği bir cinsel işlev bozukluğudur. Vajinismus için temel tanı kriteri vajinanın dış üçte birindeki kaslarda koitusu engelleyecek, yineleyici bir biçimde ya da istem dışı spazmın olması olarak tanımlanmıştır. Birçok olguda ağrı ya da ağrının olabileceğine ilişkin korku vajinismusun ortaya çıkması ve sürmesine neden olmaktadır. Bu yazıda, çocukluk çağında geçirilmiş cinsel travmaya bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan iki vajinismus olgusunun Göz Hareketleri ile Duyarsızlaştırma ve Yeniden İşleme (Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing-EMDR) tekniği ile tedavisi sunulacaktır. EMDR ağırlıklı olarak ruhsal travma tedavisinde kullanılan bir tedavi tekniğidir. EMDR tekniğinin etkinliği, travma sonrası stres bozukluğu, cinsel travma mağdurları gibi birçok grupta yapılan randomize kontrollü çalışmalarla gösterilmiştir. Her iki olguda da standart olarak sekiz aşamalı EMDR protokolü uygulanmıştır. 3 seanslık EMDR seansı sonrasında her iki olguda da hem kaygı düzeylerinde azalma, hem de cinsel ilişkiye yönelik işlevsel olmayan düşüncelerin ortadan kalktığı görüldü ve vajinismus sorunu ortadan kalktı. Bu çalışmada sunulan iki olgudan hareketle, travmanın neden olduğu vajinismus olgularında EMDR’nin alternatif bir tedavi tekniği olarak etkili olabileceği söylenebilir.

Vaginismus is a type of sexual dysfunction in which spasm of the vaginal musculature prevents penetrative intercourse. The main diagnostic criterion is the presence of recurrent or persistent involuntary spasm of the musculature of the outer third of the vagina that interferes with sexual intercourse. In many cases associated pain or the fear of pain may contribute to its persistence. Herein we report 2 patients that presented with vaginismus that developed secondary to childhood sexual trauma, which was treated with the Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) technique. EMDR is a non-pharmacologic treatment for psychological trauma. Randomized controlled trials with posttraumatic stress disorder patients and with victims of sexual abuse have shown that EMDR is effective. The standard 8-phase EMDR protocol was used in both of the presented cases. Following 3 sessions of EMDR, the patients exhibited a substantial reduction in self-reported and clinician-rated anxiety, and a reduction in the credibility of dysfunctional beliefs concerning sexual intercourse. These findings support the notion that EMDR could be an effective treatment alternative for patients with vaginismus of traumatic etiology.

Keywords: Adult Desensitization, Female Humans Psychologic Sexual Behavior Vaginismus Wounds and Injuries

Accuracy Verified: Yes