Francine Shapiro Library - EMDR Bibliography Links
Choose any combination of the search options below. If you do not wish to include an option in your search, leave the box blank, or select "Any."
Your Results - you searched for the keyword Prevalence 72 Results
1. Dibajnia, P., Reza Zahirodin, A., & Gheidar, Z. (2012). اثر حساسيت زدایي چشمي حرکتي بر اختلال استرس پس از سانحه [Eye-movement desensitization influence on post-traumatic stress disorder]. Pejouhandeh Journal, 16(7), 322-326.
Language: Persian
Format: Journal
Abstract:
چکيده
سابقه و هدف: ا ختلال پس از سانحه ) Post traumatic stress disorder ( با شيوع 5 تاا 15 درصادي در واول زنادگي 3( ماي تواناد
اثرات سوء و زيانباري بر فرد و جامعه وارد كند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسي اثرحساسيت زداياي شایي حركتاي Eye movement desensitization reprocessing ( در كاهش نشانه هاي PTSD در اين دسته از بيیاران انجام شده است.
مواد و روشها: تعداد 13 بيیار مبتلا به PTSD به وور تصادفي انتخاب و بوسيله روش EMDR تحت درماان رارار گرفتناد. اولاعاات
جیعيت شناختي و نوع يادآوري حادثه به وسيله دو پرسشنامه محقق ساخته جیع آوري گرديد. هیچنين ميازان ضاربان رلاف، فشاار
خون و تعداد تنفس اين بيیاران ربل و بعد از EMDR اندازه گيري گرديد. داده هاا باه وسايله نارم افازار SPSS.16 و روشاهاي آمااري
توصيفي و مجذوركا مورد تجزيه و تحليل ررار گرفتند.
یافته ها: 50 % گروه مورد مطالعه در رده سني 19 تا 19 سال ررار دارند و 10 % را زنان تشكيل ميدهند. EMDR به وور باارزي ناوع و
گونگي يادآوري سانحه را تغيير داد. ميزان فشار خون، ضربان رلف و تعداد تنفس به وور معناداري هیراه با يادآوري ساانحه افازايش
Background: The 5% to 25% prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) during life-time can cause irrefutable
harms an individuals and society. This research carried out to examine; or not eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) treatment
can improve PTSD symptoms. Materials and methods: 71 patients (56 females and 15 males) have been selected randomly. Demographic and kind of trauma-reminding
information were collected by two questionnaires. Blood pressure, Heart beating and Breathing numbers before and after EMDR were measured. Data were analyzed by
descriptive statistic and Q2 using SPSS software version 16. Results: 59% of patients were under 20-30 years old. 79% were females. According to the results,
EMDR resulted to significant reduction of trauma reminding. Blood pressure, heart beating and breathing increased by trauma reminding significantly.
Conclusion: EMDR techniques promote improvement of negative symptoms of PTSD.
Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
2. Miller, R., & Tay, K. H. (2009, August). Adapting the standard EMDR protocol for clients with mild mental retardation: Some guidelines and implications. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Atlanta, GA .
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
EMDR as a psychotherapeutic approach has been shown to be effective. However, there is a paucity of studies examining the efficacy of EMDR for clients diagnosed with mild mental retardation. The DSM-IV defines mild mental retardation as below average intelligence (IQ between 70 and 55) along with some deficiencies in adaptive functioning skills demonstrated before age 18. The purpose of our clinical project was to explore the applicability of EMDR for our adult clients (n = 12; mean age 22.5) diagnosed with mild mental retardation by adapting the standard protocol. Studies showed that individuals with mental retardation learn and retain information more effectively when materials are presented to them in a visual, concrete, and interactive manner while utilizing the principles of positive reinforcements.
The prevalence of mental health problems and the wide range of clinical symptoms among these individuals have been reported in several studies. Additionally, these adults are misunderstood as being overly limited in their ability to reap any therapeutic benefit from counseling interventions. Prout and Strohmer (1998), for instance, argued that adults with mental retardation do benefit from counseling interventions. However, they stressed the need for more sophisticated or modified use of psychotherapeutic interventions. Psychotherapeutic techniques and models should be modified, if feasible, in regards to language and cognitive levels commensurate with the clients’ background.
Based on our clinical observations, the following are some examples of proposed guidelines to assist the EMDR clinicians in thinking more creatively when adapting the standard protocol.
1) Considerable amount of preparation at the onset of EMDR is necessary, as it plays a pivotal role in ensuring a successful outcome.
2) Visual depiction of the SUDs and VOCs on a scale of 0 through 5, or 0 through 10, depending on the client’s cognitive abilities is beneficial. Use of “faces” to depict concretely various levels of distress should be made.
3) The concepts of PC and NC may be too abstract for some in this population. We assist clients by operationally defining those concepts with the list of commonly used PCs and NCs in simpler language.
4) Coping resources are sometimes limited for these adults. Clients will benefit from having multiple reinforcements of self-soothing skills thorough the installation of the “safe place” and “resources”.
5) Positive reinforcements (e.g., frequent verbal reminders) should be used regularly in sessions throughout treatment. However, be mindful of clients’ desire to please the clinician.
6) Role-playing should be used when feasible throughout treatment, e.g., during the installation of future templates, as it heightens more sensory, affective, and behavioral modes of learning rather than verbal modality alone.
Based on the treatment outcomes reported by our clients, EMDR is an effective treatment option, as evidenced by sustained reduction in their level of distress to traumatic memories. Findings from this clinical project have practice and research implications. First, the standard protocol should be adapted for use with adults with mild mental retardation to achieve optimal gain. Second, empirical research is needed to provide further evidence for the efficacy of EMDR for adults with mild mental retardation.
Keywords: Mental Retardation
Accuracy Verified: Yes
3. Cocco, N. (1995, June). Applications of EMDR to children: EMDR in the treatment of darkness phobia in children. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
EMDR in the treatment of darkness phobia in children:
1. Overview of Darkness Phobia:
A. Assessment of Childhood Phobias;
B. Definition;
C. Prevalence;
D. Consequences.
2. Treatment Literature on Darkness Phobia:
A. Invivo Exposure;
B. Imaginal Desensitization;
C. Modeling Symbolic and Participant;
D. Coping Self Talk;
E. Emotive Imagery.
3. [Preliminary Data on Controlled Comparison Between Emotive Imagery and EMDR:
A. Aims of Study;
B. Method: Subject,
Design,
Procedure: Assessment, Treatment Protocols;
C. Results;
D. Discussion.
4. EMDR Protocol:
A. Assessment of Darkness Phobia;
B. Hero Interview;
C. EMDR Target Selection;
D. Fantasy Based Cognitive Interweave:
Linking Cues/Cognition/Affect Superheros to Change Cognition and Affect.]
Keywords: Children Darkness Phobia
Accuracy Verified: Yes
4. Pham, T., & Willocq, L. (2005, June). Assessment of traumatic stress among incarcerated homicide perpetrators. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Brussels, Belgium.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Homicide perpetrators present a high prevalence of major mental disorders,
particularly major depression associated with a substance diagnostic, and
schizophreny (Cote & Hodgins, 1992). Recently, it has been suggested that
the homicide behaviour itself may be conceived as a traumatic event
generating multiple symptoms (Gray, et a1., 2003; Pollock. 1999}. This study
assesses the relations between homicide and traumatic stress in a Belgian
prison population, on the basis of a self-report questionnaire (SASRQ).
Therapeutic implications of the results and relevance of EMDR practice in
homicide populations will be discussed.
Keywords: Homicide Incarceration Perpetrators Poster
Accuracy Verified: Yes
5. Makinson, R. A., & Young, J. S. (2012, April). Cognitive behavioral therapy and the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: Where counseling and neuroscience meet. Journal of Counseling & Development, 90(2), 131-140. doi:10.1111/j.1556-6676.2012.00017.x .
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
There is increasing evidence to support the biological basis of mental disorders. Subsequently, understanding the neurobiological context from which mental distress arises can help counselors appropriately apply cognitive behavioral therapy and other well-researched cognitive interventions. The purpose of this article is to describe the neurobiological context underlying the formation and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorders, a mental disorder frequently encountered by counselors, from a cognitive therapy framework.
Recent changes to the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (2009) accreditation standards include the need for counselors-in-training to understand the neurobiological basis of behavior, which marks a new direction for the training of professional counselors who have historically reacted ambivalently toward medical models for understanding client concerns and treatments. Yet recent findings in neuroscience actually support the verbally based interventions that counselors typically use in treatment; therefore, there is much to be gained by counselors and counselor educators in understanding the basics of human neurobiology and how commonly used counseling interventions intervene on these biological systems. The National Institute of Mental Health (2010) stated in a recent strategic plan that “Important discoveries in areas such as genetics, neuroscience, and behavioral science largely account for the substantial gains in knowledge that have helped us to understand the complexities of mental illnesses and behavioral disorders over the past 15 years” (“Introduction,” para. 4).
Given the increasingly biological focus of mental health research, the practicing counselor is faced with the task of understanding and using the emerging mental health treatments and explaining to clients, to reimbursing agencies, and to the broader public how counseling fits within the medically dominated mental health culture. Some counselors have long reacted ambivalently toward the pathologically oriented diagnostic categories of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV;American Psychiatric Association, 1994) system and the medication-dominated world of psychiatry. For example, the contrasting viewpoints on this issue were published in the Journal of Counseling & Development between Allen and Mary Ivey (1998, 1999) and Scott Hinkle (1999). Ivey and Ivey (1998) argued for a developmental interpretation to the DSM-IV, opposing what they called the “pathological view” (p. 334) of the manual. According to Ivey and Ivey, disorders could be viewed through a positive development tradition to lie not within the individual but within the contextual systems in which a person lives. Subsequently, disorders are viewed as a “logical response to a developmental history” (Ivey & Ivey, 1999, p. 484). By contrast, Hinkle (1999) argued that because anxiety and depressive disorders “are the most common clinical symptoms associated with presentation to counseling” (p. 475), the counseling profession is weakened if counselors shy away from direct participation in the DSM nomenclature and treatment parlance. As Hinkle indicated, “mental disorders according to the medical model describe disease processes, not people” (p. 475). Regardless of the reader's philosophical perspective, practicing counselors know participation in medical and psychiatric systems is necessary at times. Also, recent discoveries in the field of neuroscience are providing evidence that interventions often used by counselors have direct physiological impact on client neurobiology (Kennedy et al., 2007; Linden, 2006). For example, Felmingham et al. (2007) demonstrated significant differences in brain activity before and after 8 weeks of exposure therapy, which correlated with a reduction in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity. Similarly, Paquette et al. (2003) found that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) alters the activation and metabolism of specific brain regions following successful treatment of spider phobia. These findings, along with others (for a detailed review, see Beauregard, 2007; Frewen, Dozois, & Lanius, 2008), are significant because they support the techniques, interventions, and approaches used by counselors and provide a mechanism by which counseling positively affects brain physiology. Within the emerging physiologically based treatment milieu, counselors should be prepared to articulate how cognitive counseling interventions make measurable changes to the client. Although cognitive-behavioral-based approaches are effective in the treatment of a number of psychiatric illnesses, adult PTSD is arguably one of the best understood mental disorders from a neurological perspective. It thus presents a valuable model for exploring not only the basic tenets of neurobiology but also the mechanisms behind its successful treatment. Furthermore, PTSD is a disorder that counselors will likely encounter in practice.
PTSD is a mental disorder characterized by a sudden onset of symptoms due to environmental exposure to a psychologically stressful event such as war, natural disaster, or sexual victimization. Thus, it provides a clear example of how, even in adulthood, neurological adaptation (in this case maladaptive changes) can functionally “rewire” the brain in a short period of time, resulting in a sustained array of clinical symptoms. The diagnostic criteria for PTSD are a history of exposure to a traumatic event meeting two criteria and symptoms from each of three symptom clusters: intrusive recollections, avoidant/numbing symptoms, and hyperarousal symptoms. A fifth criterion concerns duration of symptoms and a sixth assesses functioning (American Psychiatric Association, 2000).
The National Comorbidity Survey Replication, conducted between February 2001 and April 2003 (Kessler et al., 2005), determined that the estimated lifetime prevalence of PTSD among American adults is 6.8%, with women (9.7%) twice as likely as men (3.6%) to have the disorder at some point in their lives. These findings are very similar to those of the first National Comorbidity Survey conducted in the early 1990s (Kessler, Sonnega, Bromet, Hughes, & Nelson, 1995), which was composed of interviews of a representative national sample of 8,098 Americans ages 15 to 54 years. In this earlier sample, the estimated prevalence of lifetime PTSD was 7.8% in the general population. As in the more recent survey, women (10.4%) were more than twice as likely as men (5%) to have PTSD at some point in their lives (Kessler et al., 2005; Kessler et al., 1995).
Keywords: CBT Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Neurobiological Basis of Behavior Neurobiology Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
6. Williams, K. (2006, August). A comparative experimental treatment outcome study: Female survivors of sexual assault suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, and trauma-related guilt – self-report and psychophysiological measures. Trinity Western University, Langley, British Columbia, CAN.
Language: English
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract:
Diverse psychotherapeutic approaches for treating trauma-related sequelae have emerged over the last several decades in response to the widespread prevalence of sexual assault and resultant posttraumatic stress disorder among women (PTSD). In a recent formal study (Grace, 2003), a newer treatment called one eye integration (OEI) has been shown to be effective for traumatized individuals. The purpose of this study was to build upon those findings by comparing the effectiveness of two treatments for reducing PTSD symptoms with a breathing, relaxation, autogenics, imagery, and grounding (BRAIN) control condition. Twenty-seven female rape or sexual assault survivors who met the criteria for PTSD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Text-Revision, (DSM-IV-TR; APA, 2000) were randomly assigned to three groups: (a) a neurologically-based therapy called OEI, (b) an information processing model referred to as cognitive processing therapy-revised (CPT-R), or (c) a control condition (BRAIN), PTSD, depression, and trauma-related guilt symptoms were assessed pretreatment, posttreatment and at 3-month follow up, and qualitative electroencephalography (qEEG) brainwave patterns of two regions of the scalp (frontal and parietal) were measured pre and posttreatment. The following dependent measures were used: Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS), Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), and t he Trauma-Related Guilt Inventory (TRGI). Though there were no significant differences in PTSD symptoms between groups from pretreatment to post treatment assessments, a significant difference occurred between pretreatment and 3-month follow up, with OEI manifesting greater reductions than CPT-R or BRAIN. There were no significant differences between groups in depression, but there was a reduction in BDI-II scores over time. Reduction in guilt-related symptoms occurred on several scales and subscales for all three groups over time from pretreatment of posttreatment assessments, though not significantly by group. A significant difference was found for the Global Guilt subscale at 3-month follow up, with greater improvement for the OEI group. Preliminary results from cortical brain activity assessments indicate typical qEEG asymmetry patterns for PTSD and depression, though there were no significant group differences apart from minor post hoc analyses. Implications of these findings for clinical work and directions for future research were discussed.
Keywords: Depression Female Guilt Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Sexual Assault Survivors
Accuracy Verified: Yes
7. Dautovic, E. (2013, April). De toepassing van EMDR bij volwassenen met een complexe PTSS en een licht verstandelijke beperking: Practice en evidence based [The application of EMDR in adults with complex PTSD and mild intellectual disabilities: Evidence-based and practice]. In Onderzoek track 1 and 2. Presentatie op Het congres EMDR Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Nijmegen, Nederland.
Language: Dutch
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Mensen met een verstandelijke beperking hebben een verhoogde kans op het meemaken van, voor hen, ingrijpende life-events en in het verlengde hiervan een verhoogd risico op het ontwikkelen van een posttraumatische stressstoornis (PTSS). De prevalentie van PTSS blijkt significant hoger te zijn bij mensen met een verstandelijke beperking (VB) dan bij mensen zonder VB. Daarnaast valt in de praktijk, bij deze populatie, de hoge prevalentie van complexe PTSS op.
EMDR is een effectieve behandeling voor PTSS bij mensen zonder VB. Ook wordt EMDR al breed ingezet voor de behandeling van (complexe) PTSS bij mensen met een VB. Er is echter nog maar weinig onderzoek gedaan naar de effectiviteit van EMDR bij deze populatie.
Bij Kristal, centrum voor psychiatrie en verstandelijke beperking, wordt EMDR al een aantal jaar toegepast in de behandeling van volwassenen met een complex trauma en een (lichte) verstandelijke beperking. Hierbij wordt het EMDR-behandelprotocol voor jeugdigen, zoals door de VEN uitgegeven, trouw gevolgd. Dit, echter altijd in combinatie met een stabiliserende pre-treatment, welke onze doelgroep weerbaarder moet maken voor de spanning die een traumabehandeling kan opwekken.
Naast de praktische toepassing, welke deze benadering practice based maakte, heeft binnen Kristal tussen 2010 en 2013, synchroon aan de behandeling, een pilot-onderzoek naar de effectiviteit van deze behandeling gelopen. Dit met het doel deze benadering ook evidence based te maken.
People with intellectual disabilities have an increased chance of experiencing, for them, major life events and by extension an increased risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The prevalence of PTSD was significantly higher in people with intellectual disabilities (VB) than in those without VB. Furthermore falls in practice, in this population, the high prevalence of complex PTSD.
EMDR is an effective treatment for PTSD in people without VB. Even though EMDR is widely used for the treatment of (complex) PTSD in people with VB. However, there is little research on the effectiveness of EMDR in this population.
In Crystal, center for psychiatry and mental retardation, is EMDR for a number of years in the treatment of adults with complex trauma and a (mild) mental retardation . Here the EMDR treatment protocol for young people, as issued by the VEN, faithfully followed. This, however, always in combination with a stabilizing pre-treatment, which our audience resilient to make the stress of trauma treatment can generate.
Besides the practical application, which this approach practice based made, has within Crystal between 2010 and 2013, synchronously treatment, a pilot study on the effectiveness of this treatment occurred. This with the aim of this approach is to make evidence-based.
Keywords: Adults Intellectual Disabilities Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
8. Freyberger, H. J., & Spitzer, C. (2005, Juli). Dissoziative störungen [Dissociative disorders]. Der Nervenarzt, 76(7), 893-900. doi:10.1007/s00115005-1956-z .
Language: German
Format: Magazine
Abstract:
Die dissoziative Störungen und Konversion sind mit erheblichen klassifikatorischen, diagnostische und therapeutische Schwierigkeiten, die nur in den historischen Kontext der Diskussion über die Hysterie verstanden werden kann, verbunden. Auch die Einstufung in die ICD-10 und DSM-IV ist heterogen. Prävalenzraten zwischen etwa 3% in der allgemeinen Bevölkerung und bis zu 30% in klinischen Populationen, jedoch beziehen sich auf die große klinische Bedeutung. Realtraumatisierungen eine wichtige Rolle in der Pathogenese. High Komorbiditätsraten mit anderen psychischen Störungen eine Tendenz zu chronischen somatischen Erkrankung und ein Konzept (insbesondere bei Patienten mit Erkrankungen erschweren Umwandlung) der psychotherapeutischen Behandlung. Dies erlaubt die Behandlung Ziele sind sowohl psychodynamische und kognitiv-verhaltenstherapeutischen in Abhängigkeit entwickelt, möglicherweise mit den Techniken der Trauma-Therapie, wie EMDR (Springer).
The dissociative and conversion disorders are associated with significant classificatory, diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties that can be understood only in the historical context of the discussion on hysteria. Even the classification in ICD-10 and DSM-IV is heterogeneous. Prevalence rates of between about 3% in the general population and up to 30% in clinical populations, however, refer to the great clinical significance. Realtraumatisierungen have an important role in the pathogenesis. High Komorbiditätsraten with other mental disorders, a tendency to chronic somatic disease and a concept (especially in patients with conversion disorders complicate) the psychotherapeutic treatment. This allows the treatment goals are designed both psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioral dependence in, possibly with the techniques of trauma therapy such as EMDR (Springer).
Keywords: Chronicity (Disorders) Comorbidity Conversion Disorder Diagnosis Dissociative Disorders Epidemiology Etiology Psychotherapy Somatization
Accuracy Verified: Yes
9. Ueda, E., Yamanishi, K., & Fukui, Y. (2010, July). The effective way of controlling of habitual scratching on atopic dermatitis patients with social stress by using EMDR. Presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
This study aims to cure refractory atopic dermatitis (AD) patients, by using EMDR, who severely suffer from habitual scratching
that may derive from their unbearable social stress. The prevalence of AD is 13.2% in 3 year-old children and 8.2% among 1st
grade university students in Japan, according to a Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare study, 2000 to 2002. The patients
with AD have been increasing in the past 20 years. Among these patients, 20% have more than moderate severity, and within
this group, some of the patients have chronic and refractory conditions with some psychosomatic factors. So far a great deal
of effort has been made to care those patients, however, there are still quite some patients who are distressed with their
difficult state of condition. We then focus on treatment of controlling habitual scratching of AD patients that may generally
derive from personal friction or social stress. We obtained fairly significant results with EMDR on which these patients came
to be able to control themselves, reduce their scratching, and also enhance their self-efficacy. These results suggested that
EMDR were useful for controlling the habitual scratching from stress of traumatic memory such as child abuse, bullying of
tragedy and effective for refractory AD patients.
Keywords: Atopic Dermatitis Habitual Stress Scratching
Accuracy Verified: Yes
10. Sack, M., Lempa, W., & Lamprecht, F. (1999). Eine neue psychotherapeutische behandlungsmethode für patienten mit posttraumatischer belastungsstörung: EMDR. Behandlungsdurchführung und ergebnisse einer pilotstudie [A new psychotherapy treatment for patients with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: EMDR. Treatment implementation and results of a pilot study]. Psychomed, 11, 164-169 .
Language: German
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Nicht erst seit dem Zugunglück von Eschede und den damit im Zusammenhang stehenden Medienberichten wird zunehmend auch in der Öffentlichkeit bekannt, daß psychische Traumatisierungen zu einer tiefen und anhaltenden Verletzung des Gefühls der persönlichen Sicherheit und Unverletzbarkeit führen können. Dies wird oft wie ein Riß im Selbstverständnis oder wie ein Zusammenbruch des persönlichen Weltbildes beschrieben. Plötzlich wird die Welt als bedrohlich erlebt. Der Betroffene fühlt sich schutzlos und ausgeliefert. Typische Symptome, die in der Folge von belastenden Ereignissen auftreten, sind Schlafstörungen und Alpträume, quälende Wiedererinnerungen, Ängste und situationsbezogenes Vermeidungsverhalten sowie erhöhte Schreckhaftigkeit und Konzentrationsstörungen. Normalerweise bilden sich diese Symptome innerhalb einiger Tage bis einiger Wochen zurück. Bleiben diese psychischen und psychosomatischen Beeinträchtigungen jedoch bestehen, so ist bei einem Vorliegen von länger als 3 Monaten eine Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung zu diagnostizieren.
In den letzten Jahren wurde die Forschung über Traumafolgen erheblich intensiviert. Es wurden neue Erkenntnisse gewonnen, die dazu beigetragen haben, daß die psychotherapeutischen Verfahren zur Behandlung traumatisierter Menschen erheblich verbessert werden konnten. Seit vier Jahren behandelt die Abteilung Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie der MHH Menschen mit Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörungen im Rahmen einer Traumasprechstunde und erforscht die psychischen und biologischen Auswirkungen von Traumatisierungen.
Epidemiologie
Nach Ergebnissen einer Vielzahl von epidemiologischen Studien, ist die Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung (Posttraumatic stress disorder, kurz PTSD) infolge von Traumatisierungen in der Kindheit oder im späterem Leben, eine in ihrer Häufigkeit und sozioökonomischen Bedeutung lange unterschätzte Erkrankung. Unter Zugrundelegen der Diagnosekriterien der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung nach DSM-III-R liegt die Lebenszeitprävalenz in den USA für beide Geschlechter bei 7,8 Prozent bis 12,3 Prozent, wobei etwa doppelt so viele Frauen betroffen sind wie Männer (5). Für die deutsche Bevölkerung gib es noch keine epidemiologisch gesicherten Prävalenzzahlen, aber die Bedeutung von "Traumatisierungen" für die Entstehung oder für die erhebliche Verschlechterung psychischer Störungen wird immer deutlicher. Ein Beispiel hierfür ist die lebhafte Diskussion in den Medien über die psychischen Folgen von Traumatisierungen für Unfallopfer und Rettungskräfte in der letzten Zeit.
Die empirischen und klinischen Befunde zu Traumatisierungen in der Kindheit haben Egle, Hoffmann & Joraschky jüngst in einer Monographie zusammengestellt (1). Danach ist die Rolle von Vernachlässigung, Mißbrauch und Mißhandlung für eine Reihe von psychischen Störungen wie Selbstverletzendem Verhalten, Borderline-Störungen und Dissoziativen Störungen mittlerweile unstrittig und scheint auch für Subgruppen von Patienten mit Eßstörungen, Angststörungen, Persönlichkeitsstörungen und Somatisierungsstörungen von erheblicher Relevanz zu sein.
Weit unterschätzt ist zudem die Häufigkeit von Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörungen infolge von Unfällen oder Einsätzen in Krisengebieten. 20 Jahre nach dem Vietnamkrieg leiden noch immer ca. 15 Prozent aller Vietnamkriegsveteranen an einer PTSD. Opfer von Gewaltverbrechen und Überfällen sowie auch Zeugen von Gewalttaten, wie z.B. Rettungspersonal und Feuerwehrangehörige, stellen eine weitere Risikogruppe für die Entwicklung einer PTSD dar.
Not since the train wreck of Eschede and the related media reports, is increasingly known to the public that psychological trauma can lead to a deep and persistent breach of the feeling of personal safety and invulnerability. This is often described as a crack in the self or as a breakdown of the personal worldview. Suddenly the world is experienced as threatening. The person concerned feels defenseless and delivered. Typical symptoms that occur as a result of stressful events are insomnia and nightmares, distressing recollections, fears and situational avoidance behavior and increased nervousness and difficulty concentrating. Usually these symptoms are back within a few days to a few weeks. But they remain psychological and psychosomatic disturbances exist, so with a presence of more than 3 months is a post-traumatic stress disorder to diagnose.
In recent years, research on consequences of trauma was significantly intensified. It gained new insights that have contributed to the psychotherapeutic method for the treatment of traumatized people could be greatly improved. For four years, the Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, MHH treats people with post-traumatic stress disorder in a trauma clinic and explores the psychological and biological effects of trauma.
Epidemiology
According to results of a large number of epidemiological studies, post-traumatic stress disorder (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, PTSD short) as a result of trauma in childhood or in later life, a decrease in frequency and socio-economic importance of long underestimated disease. Inter alia with the diagnostic criteria of posttraumatic stress disorder according to DSM-III-R lifetime prevalence in the U.S. is for both sexes at 7.8 percent to 12.3 percent, with about twice as many women are affected as men (5). For the German people give it no epidemiological prevalence data secure, but the meaning of "trauma" in the development or for the serious deterioration of mental disorders is increasingly clear. An example is the lively discussion in the media about the psychological consequences of trauma for victims and rescue workers in recent times.
The empirical and clinical findings concerning traumatic experiences in childhood have Egle, Hoffmann & Joraschky recently compiled in a monograph (1). Then disorders the role of neglect, abuse and mistreatment for a number of mental disorders such as self-injurious behavior, borderline disorders and dissociative now undisputed, and appears to be for subgroups of patients with eating disorders, anxiety disorders, personality disorders and somatization disorders is of considerable relevance.
Also greatly underestimated the incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder as a result of accidents or operations in critical areas. 20 years after the Vietnam War still suffer about 15 percent of Vietnam War veterans in a PTSD. Victims of violent crimes and robberies, as well as witnesses of violence, such as Rescue workers and firefighters, are another risk group for the development of PTSD dar.
Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
11. Hofmann, A., & Hase, M. (2012, June). EMDR to treat chronic depression [EMDR en el tratamiento de la depresión]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Depression is an often debilitating disease with a high prevalence. Not only is depression associated with other diseases, often leads into disability but shows a high risk of suicides. Relapse is seen often and every relapse increases the risk of chronicity. Research shows that there is no strong correlation with genetic factors but with stressful life-‐events. There is growing evidence of the efficacy of EMDR in the treatment of chronic depression. Two pilot studies show promising data. A European multicenter study is running since 2010. As EMDR is often well tolerated and accepted there is hope to gain another option in the treatment of chronic depression. The EMDR depression protocol aims to achieving more complete remissions of a depressive episode and prevent later relapse. In this workshop the presenters will explain the depression protocol, regarding treatment planning, targeting sequence and techniques. Video demonstration will outline the teaching points and will enable the participant to integrate this approach into clinical practice.
La
depresión
es
a
menudo
una
enfermedad
debilitante
con
una
alta
prevalencia.
No
sólo
se
asocia
a
otras
enfermedades,
en
muchas
ocasiones
puede
derivar
en
una
invalidez
y
muestra
un
alto
riesgo
de
suicidios.
Las
recaídas
son
muy
comunes
y
cada
recaída
incrementa
el
riesgo
de
la
cronicidad.
Las
investigaciones
muestran
que
no
existe
una
fuerte
correlación
entre
los
factores
genéticos,
pero
sí
con
eventos
vitales
estresantes.
Existe
una
creciente
evidencia
de
la
eficacia
del
EMDR
para
el
tratamiento
de
la
depresión
crónica.
Dos
estudios
piloto
muestran
datos
prometedores
en
un
centro
multidisciplinar
que
lleva
funcionando
desde
2010.
Como
la
terapia
con
EMDR
normalmente
es
bien
tolerada
y
aceptada,
existe
la
esperanza
de
contar
con
otra
opción
para
el
tratamiento
de
depresión
crónica.
El
protocolo
de
depresión
crónica
EMDR,
tiene
como
objetivo
conseguir
una
más
completa
remisión
de
los
episodios
depresivos
y
prevenir
las
recaídas.
En
este
taller
los
ponentes
explicarán
el
protocolo
de
depresión
referente
a
la
planificación
del
tratamiento,
detección
de
secuencias
y
técnicas.
Una
demostración
en
vídeo
resumirá
las
pautas
de
actuación
y
permitirá
al
profesional
integrar
este
enfoque
en
la
práctica
clínica.
Keywords: Depression
Accuracy Verified: Yes
12. Nickerson, M. (2008, June). EMDR and the treatment for angry and violent behaviours. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England .
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
This workshop will assist the EMDR clinician to more effectively treat angry and violent behaviour. It will include
an initial review of the prevalence, impact and dynamics of the problem. The common cyclical nature of violent
acting out will be depicted as well as other characteristics in a spectrum of hostile behaviours including
perpetrator state and trait issues. Current non-EMDR clinical approaches and the evolving field of domestic
violence will be reviewed to aid the EMDR clinician in skilfully integrating into existing clinical contexts and to appreciate the unique capacities of EMDR. The primary focus of the workshop will be on special considerations
in the successfully tailored use of the 8-Phase Treatment approach. Clients with problematic anger or violent
behaviour present many challenges for the often undertrained clinician and commonly avoid, resist and
manipulate treatment or drop out prematurely. Keys to successful clinical engagement, risk assessment and case
formulation will be highlighted as critical to early phases of treatment. A metaphor based guide to case
formulation will be presented and a decision-tree style flow chart will be offered to inform treatment planning
including determining client readiness for trauma processing. EMDR offers the potential for desensitizing the
trauma that often drives violent behaviour. Considerations in the identification, prioritization and sequencing of
targets for processing will be outlined. This will include use of the cycle of violence model for target
identification. Multiple clinical examples will be offered to illuminate points including video taped case material.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
13. Hase, M. (2011, June). EMDR and trauma: Somatic disease and medical treatment. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Vienna, Austria.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Severe somatic disorders and the subsequent medical treatment often signify serious threat and feelings of being helplessly exposed to them. This gets obvious as one regards the phenomenon of intraoperative awareness. About 8000 - 16000 of these incidents per year are to be expected for the Federal German Republic according to recent investigations. But even less dramatic incidents within the natural course of the disease or incidents evoked by the therapeutic approach may leave their marks. However, posttraumatic stress disorder is not always easy to be diagnosed and treated. A remarkable amount of patients in psychosomatic rehabilitation is afflicted with mental consequences of somatic disorders such as cerebral infarction, coronary heart disease or, respectively, the necessary somatic treatment of these disorders. The prevalence of PTSD and the effects on the course of the disease as well as on everyday functioning are not to be underestimated here. This workshop is supposed to demonstrate the specifics of the EMDR-treatment for this population of interest. Treatment of patients with underlying cardiological and neurological diseases is further illustrated by video documentation. Considerations about the selection of target memory lead to a treatment algorithm. The contact with body memory is going to be explored by the use of case studies.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
14. Nickerson, M. (2008, September). EMDR and treatment for angry and violent behaviors. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Assocation, Phoenix, AZ.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
EMDR offers unique potential in the treatment of clients with angry and violent behaviors. This workshop will include an initial review of the issue’s prevalence, common dynamics, and historic intervention strategies. The underaddressed role of trauma often driving these tendencies will be illuminated. Primary focus will be on the tailored implementation of the 8-Phase Treatment approach. Keys to successful clinical engagement, risk assessment and a metaphor based guide to case formulation will be highlighted. Considerations in the identification, prioritization and sequencing of targets for processing will be outlined. Clinical examples will be offered to illuminate points, including video taped case material.
Keywords: Angry Behaviors Violent Behaviors
Accuracy Verified: Yes
15. Veenstra, A. C. (2006, Oktober). EMDR bij hardnekkige enuresis nocturna in de adolescentiefase [EMDR with persistent nocturnal enuresis in adolescence]. Tijdschrift voor Kinder- & Jeugdpsychotherapie, 33(3), 39-53.
Language: Dutch
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Er zijn diverse behandelmogelijkheden beschreven voor kinderen met enuresis
nocturna (Azrin, 1974; van Londen, 1984; Hira Sing, 2004; Richtlijn Enuresis
van de PAZ; NHG standaard Enuresis Nocturna). Ondanks deze
behandelmogelijkheden is er een groep kinderen die tot in de adolescentiefase
kampt met een zeer hardnekkige vorm van primaire enuresis nocturna.
Epidemiologisch onderzoek wijst op een prevalentie van enuresis nocturna bij
adolescenten van 1.2% (Nappo, 2002; Chiozza, 1998). De behandeling van
deze groep wordt belemmerd door een fors gedaalde motivatie voor
behandeling zowel als gevolg van de vele faalervaringen met eerdere
behandelpogingen, als door een toegenomen negatief zelfbeeld en gebrek aan
zelfvertrouwen.
Dit artikel laat zien hoe EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and
Reprocessing) op experimentele basis werd gebruikt bij enkele adolescenten
met zeer hardnekkige enuresis nocturna. Het traumatiserende effect van
langdurende enuresis nocturna wordt omschreven. Met een casus wordt
geïllustreerd hoe EMDR wordt ingevlochten in de gedragstherapeutische
behandeling. Ten slotte worden de bevindingen beschreven bij de adolescenten
waar inmiddels ervaring mee is opgedaan.
There are several treatment choices for children with enuresis
nocturnal (Azrin, 1974, London, 1984, Hira Sing, 2004, Directive Enuresis
the PAZ, NHG standard nocturnal enuresis). Despite these
treatment options, there is a group of children into adolescence
faced with a very stubborn form of primary nocturnal enuresis.
Epidemiological research indicates a prevalence of nocturnal enuresis in
1.2% of adolescents (Nappo, 2002; Chiozza, 1998). The treatment of
This group is hindered by a sharp fall in motivation
treatment both because of the many failures of previous experiences
treatment attempts, and by an increased self-esteem and lack of
confidence.
This article shows how EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and
Reprocessing) was used on an experimental basis in some adolescents
very persistent nocturnal enuresis. The traumatic effects of
long-term nocturnal enuresis is defined. With a case is
illustrate how EMDR is interwoven in the behavioral
treatment. Finally, the findings described in adolescents
now that experience has been acquired.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
16. Dautovic, E., Aldenkamp, E., & Rodenburg, R. (2012, June). EMDR effectiveness in adults with PTSD and an intellectual disability: A case series [La efectividad del EMDR en adultos con una discapacidad intelectual y TEPT: Series de casos]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Assocation, Madrid, Spain.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Background People with an intellectual disability (ID) have an increased
vulnerability for abuse and assault, and subsequently an increased risk of developing
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The prevalence of PTSD is found to be
significantly higher in people with intellectual disabilities than in people without
disabilities. Eye movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) has proved to be
an effective PTSD treatment in people without ID. EMDR is widely used in treating
people with ID, while research into the effectiveness of EMDR in individuals with an ID
is very scarce. Therefore more research is necessary to speak of EMDR being an
evidence-based trauma treatment for this specific population.
Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of eye movement
desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in treating PTSD in adults with an ID. The
effects of the treatment on anxiety, symptoms of depression, and quality of life were
also investigated.
Methods From September 2010 till december 2012, adults with an ID, diagnosed with
PTSD and treated with EMDR, were included in the study. Before and after treatment
questionnaires were completed by the participants. Normative deviation scores (NDS)
were calculated to estimate the condition of the participant before and after
treatment compared to the non-disabled population. The Reliable Change Index (RCI)
was used to establish statistically significant change due to treatment.
Preliminary results Primarily, a significant change in PTSD symptoms, from clinical to
non-clinical levels, is found. Secondarily, co-morbid anxiety and depression complaints
are detected, which decline after treatment with EMDR. In addition, an increase in
wellbeing in the participants is found.
Conclusion From the preliminary results EMDR seems an effective treatment for PTSD
in adults with an ID. However, for calculations are still being conducted, the final
results and conclusions will be presented at the conference
La
población
con
una
discapacidad
intelectual,
tiene
un
riesgo
mayor
de
vulnerabilidad
para
el
abuso
y
el
asalto,
y
por
tanto
un
aumento
en
el
riesgo
de
desarrollar
un
trastorno
de
estrés
post-‐traumático
(TEPT).
La
prevalencia
del
TEPT
es
significativamente
mayor
en
personas
con
retraso
mental
que
en
personas
sin
este
tipo
de
discapacidad.
El
EMDR
ha
sido
mostrado
como
efectivo
en
el
tratamiento
del
TEPT
en
personas
sin
discapacidad
intelectual.
EDMR
es
ampliamente
usado
en
el
tratamiento
de
personas
con
discapacidad
intelectual,
mientras
tanto
la
investigación
en
la
efectividad
del
EMDR
en
personas
con
discapacidad
intelectual
es
muy
escasa.
Consecuentemente
mas
investigaciones
son
necesarias
para
hablar
de
EMDR
siendo
un
tratamiento
valido
para
el
trauma
en
esta
población
especifica.
El
objetivo
de
este
estudio
fue
investigar
la
eficacia
del
reprocesamiento
por
movimiento
oculares
(EMDR)
en
el
tratamiento
del
TEPT
en
adultos
con
una
deficiencia
mental.
Los
efectos
de
este
tratamiento
en
ansiedad,
síntomas
de
depresión
y
calidad
de
vida
fueron
también
investigados.
Desde
Septiembre
de
2010
hasta
diciembre
de
2012,
los
adultos
con
una
deficiencia
mental,
fueron
diagnosticados
de
TEPT
y
tratados
con
EMDR,
fueron
incluidos
en
este
estudio.
Se
pasaron
cuestionarios
pre
y
post
tratamiento
a
los
participantes.
Las
puntuaciones
de
desviación
típica
fueron
calculadas
para
estimar
la
condición
del
participante
antes
y
después
del
tratamiento
comparada
con
la
población
sin
discapacidad.
El
índice
de
cambio
real
(RCI)
fue
utilizado
para
establecer
de
manera
estadísticamente
significativa
el
cambio
debido
al
tratamiento.
Los
resultados
preliminares,
muestran
un
cambio
significativo
en
el
los
síntomas
del
TEPT,
en
niveles
clínicos
y
no
clínicos.
De
manera
secundaria,
quejas
de
comorbilidad
con
ansiedad
y
depresión
fueron
detectadas
que
disminuyeron
tras
el
tratamiento
con
EMDR.
Además,
un
incremento
en
el
bienestar
de
los
participantes
fue
encontrado.
La
conclusión
de
estos
datos
preliminares
es
que
el
EMDR
parece
ser
un
tratamiento
efectivo
para
el
TEPT
en
adultos
con
una
discapacidad
intelectual.
Sin
embargo,
los
cálculos
aún
están
siendo
analizados,
los
resultados
finales
y
las
conclusiones
serán
presentadas
en
la
conferencia.
Keywords: Adults Intellectual Disability Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
17. Kim, D. (2010, July). EMDR for the treatment of schizophrenia. Presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Despite standard treatment with antipsychotic medication, many individuals with schizophrenia continue to suffer from
significant residual symptoms and functional disabilities. Thus, psychosocial treatment for this difficult-to-treat disorder
is warranted. Given the high prevalence of trauma in this population, role of life events, and stressful treatment-related
adversities, EMDR is suggested to have an important place in the treatment and management of schizophrenia. This presentation will first provide the background of using EMDR for this population, then, procedural considerations. Finally,
two case reports and results of a randomized clinical trial done with acute phase schizophrenia will be demonstrated.
Keywords: Schizophrenia
Accuracy Verified: Yes
18. Zobel, M. (2006). EMDR in der behandlung von suchtpatienten mit posttraumatischer belas tungsstörung [EMDR in the treatment of addicted patients with post-traumatic stress disorder]. In Schriftenreihe des Fachverbandes Sucht, e.V. Band 29 "’Integrierte Versorgung’: Chancen und Risiken für die Suchtrehabilitation" Beiträge des 18. Heidelberger Kongresses 2005, Geesthacht: Neuland..
Language: English
Format: Other
Abstract:
Die Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass wir im Laufe unseres Lebens einem oder mehreren
traumatisierenden Ereignissen ausgesetzt sind, ist relativ hoch: Die Lebenszeitprävalenzen
von traumatischen Ereignissen und einer posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung
betragen in internationalen epidemiologischen Studien für Frauen 17,7 – 74,2
Prozent (PTBS: 1,3 - 12,3 Prozent) und für Männer 25,2 - 81,3 Prozent (PTBS: 0,4 -
6,0 Prozent) (Kuhn, 2004). Menschen mit Suchtproblemen berichten dabei überzufällig
häufig von Gewalt- und Missbrauchserfahrungen in Kindheit, Jugend und im Erwachsenenalter.
In vielen Fällen kann ein Zusammenhang zwischen dem traumatischen
Ereignis, der Entwicklung einer posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung und Alkoholmissbrauch
und –abhängigkeit abgeleitet werden (Perkonigg et al., 2000; Zobel,
2006). Bei Vorliegen einer PTBS íst das Risiko einer Suchterkrankung oder anderer
komorbider Störungen um das 4-5fache erhöht (Breslau, 2002).
The probability that we are in the course of our lives one or more
traumatic events are exposed, is relatively high: the lifetime prevalence
of traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder
be in international epidemiological studies for women from 17.7 to 74.2
Percent (PTSD: 1.3 - 12.3 percent) for men and from 25.2 to 81.3 percent (PTSD: 0.4 -
6.0 percent) (Kuhn, 2004). People with addiction problems to report here than chance
often violence and abuse experiences in childhood, adolescence and adulthood.
In many cases, a connection between the traumatic
Event, the development of post traumatic stress disorder and alcohol abuse
and are derived dependence (Perkonigg et al., 2000; Zobel,
2006). In the event of a PTSD is a risk of addiction or other
comorbid disorders at the 4-5-fold increased (Breslau, 2002).
Keywords: Addictions Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
19. Montes-Berges, B., Aranda, M., Castillo-Mayén, M. del R. (2011). EMDR Para el tratamiento de estrés postraumático en casos de violencia de género [EMDR for treatment of PTSD in cases of domestic violence]. Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain.
Language: English
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract:
Introducción: La violencia de género es uno de los problemas sociales más graves de
nuestra sociedad tanto por su prevalencia (en el pasado año 2010 fueron asesinadas 74
mujeres, y se estima que alrededor del 11.1% de las mujeres andaluzas son maltratadas),
como por las consecuencias psicológicas que conlleva en las víctimas. Objetivos: En el
Gabinete de Psicología de la Universidad de Jaén, atendemos a las mujeres (alumnas, PAS
o PDI o familiares de éstos) que han sido o aún son víctimas de violencia de género, con el
objetivo prioritario de que superen las situaciones traumáticas y que estén preparadas
emocional y cognitivamente para llevar una vida plena con el desarrollo máximo de sus
capacidades. Durante la evaluación, entre otras escalas, las usuarias contestan al
cuestionario sobre Síndrome de Estrés Postraumático (Echeburúa, Corral, Amor,
Zubizarreta y Sarasúa, 1997), pues los episodios de violencia psicológica, sexual y física
extrema que la mayoría de ellas viven, ocasionan en el 100% de los casos este síndrome de
manera crónica y acusada. Metodología: Para tratar este síndrome se acomete el
entrenamiento en técnicas de respiración y relajación y posteriormente el tratamiento con
EMDR. Esta técnica consiste en el procesamiento de los sucesos que quedaron bloqueados
por el miedo sentido en el momento en que ocurrieron, mediante la movilización de los
ojos de manera simultánea a la escucha del episodio, tratando nuevamente de revivirlo.
Aplicamos esta técnica con 5 pacientes. Resultados: En todos los casos las usuarias
superaban la situación en 4 o 5 sesiones de 5 minutos cada una, de manera que
posteriormente, informaron de que la situación ya no les producía tristeza ni dolor, y que la
habían aceptado. Discusión: Estos resultados sugieren que esta técnica es eficaz y rápida
en la intervención de sucesos traumáticos de violencia de género, por lo que resulta
altamente recomendable para estos casos.
Introduction: Gender violence is one of the most serious social problems
our society because of its prevalence (in the past year 2010 were killed 74
women, and it is estimated that about 11.1% of women are battered Andalusian),
as for the psychological consequences on the victims involved. Objectives: In the
Cabinet of Psychology, University of Jaén, we look at women (students, PAS
or PDI or their relatives) who have been or still are victims of domestic violence, with
priority objective of exceeding trauma and who are prepared
emotionally and cognitively to lead a full life with the maximum development of their
capabilities. During the assessment, including scales, users answer the
questionnaire on PTSD (Echeburúa, Corral, Love,
Zubizarreta and Sarasua, 1997), because episodes of psychological, physical and sexual
extreme than most living, result in 100% of cases this syndrome
chronically and charged. Methodology: To treat this syndrome is undertaken the
training in breathing and relaxation techniques and subsequent treatment with
EMDR. This technique consists in processing events that were blocked
sense of fear at the time they occurred, by mobilizing the
eyes simultaneously listening to the episode, trying to revive him again.
We apply this technique in 5 patients. Results: In all cases the user
exceeded the 4 or 5 position in 5-minute sessions each, so that
subsequently reported that the situation no longer produce sadness or pain, and that the
had accepted. Discussion: These results suggest that this technique is effective and fast
intervention in the traumatic events of violence, so it is
highly recommended for these cases.
Keywords: Domestic Violence Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
20. Konuk, E., & Epozdemir, H. (2011, June). EMDR treatment of migraine and chronic daily headache. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Vienna, Austria.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
The prevalence of chronic migraine headache in western societies ranges between 12-24% for women and 5-12% for men. In Turkey, about 21% of women and 11% of men suffer from migraine. It is one of the most disabling problems that a person can have.
Pharmacological treatment and behavioral interventions are the most widely used approaches for migraine. The term ‘chronic’ implies that the problem is not solvable. In this case it means that although pharmacological treatments and behavioral interventions meaningfully reduce the pain for some of the patients, there remains a population of headache sufferers who get large amounts of medicine, have to go to the emergency room frequently because of too much pain prolonged over many hours and at times days. Furthermore, some medications have moderate to severe adverse effects or contraindicate with clients’ existing conditions.
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is an integrative psychotherapy approach that was developed to reduce or eliminate the symptoms resulting from unresolved traumatic memories. Recently EMDR treatment has provided promising results in alleviating chronic pain and increasing sufferers’ psychological wellbeing. Research pointing out the neurobiological similarities found in patients who suffers PTSD and chronic pain, encouraged many clinician and researcher to explore the utilization of EMDR in the treatment of chronic pain.
We developed the EMDR Chronic Migraine Headache Protocol in order to obtain and maintain a high level of treatment fidelity and stick to scientific rigor and as a guide for future research. In collaboration with a public hospital in Turkey, we conducted a pilot study with chronic migraine patients diagnosed also as having chronic daily headache. The study continues with an enlarged sample and the present analyses revealed that there was a significant decrease in the frequency, the duration and the strength of the headaches of patients treated with the EMDR Chronic Headache Protocol. Besides, the number of the Emergency Care visits and the amount of medication taken were also decreased significantly in patients treated with EMDR.
Learning objectives:
The major aim of this workshop, is to present to the participants, how to use The EMDR Chronic Headache Protocol in the treatment of patients diagnosed as having both Chronic Migraine and Chronic Daily Headache (CDH). Participants will gain detailed information about how to use EMDR Chronic Migraine Headache Protocol in emergency cases too. There will be DVD recordings of sessions demonstrating how to intervene a migraine attack during a session and also how the EMDR Chronic Headache Protocol is used for the treatment of chronic migraine headache.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
21. Konuk, E., Epozdemir, H., & Haciomeroglu, S. (2012, June). EMDR treatment of migraine and chronic daily headache [Tratamiento de migrañas y cefalea diaria y crónica con EMDR]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
The
prevalence
of
chronic
migraine
headache
in
western
societies
ranges
between
12-‐24%
for
women
and
5-‐12%
for
men.
In
Turkey,
about
21%
of
women
and
11%
of
men
suffer
from
migraine.
It
is
one
of
the
most
disabling
problems
that
a
person
can
have.
Pharmacological
treatment
and
behavioral
interventions
are
the
most
widely
used
approaches
for
migraine.
The
term
‘chronic’
implies
that
the
problem
is
not
solvable.
In
this
case
it
means
that
although
pharmacological
treatments
and
behavioral
interventions
meaningfully
reduce
the
pain
for
some
of
the
patients,
there
remains
a
population
of
headache
sufferers
who
get
large
amounts
of
medicine,
have
to
go
to
the
emergency
room
frequently
because
of
too
much
pain
prolonged
over
many
hours
and
at
times
days.
Furthermore,
some
medications
have
moderate
to
severe
adverse
effects
or
contraindicate
with
clients’
existing
conditions.
Eye
Movement
Desensitization
and
Reprocessing
(EMDR)
is
an
integrative
psychotherapy
approach
that
was
developed
to
reduce
or
eliminate
the
symptoms
resulting
from
unresolved
traumatic
memories.
Recently
EMDR
treatment
has
provided
promising
results
in
alleviating
chronic
pain
and
increasing
sufferers’
psychological
wellbeing.
Research
pointing
out
the
neurobiological
similarities
found
in
patients
who
suffers
PTSD
and
chronic
pain,
encouraged
many
clinician
and
researcher
to
explore
the
utilization
of
EMDR
in
the
treatment
of
chronic
pain.
We
developed
the
EMDR
Chronic
Migraine
Headache
Protocol
in
order
to
obtain
and
maintain
a
high
level
of
treatment
fidelity
and
stick
to
scientific
rigor
and
as
a
guide
for
future
research.
In
collaboration
with
a
public
hospital
in
Turkey,
we
conducted
a
pilot
study
with
chronic
migraine
patients
diagnosed
also
as
having
chronic
daily
headache.
The
study
continues
with
an
enlarged
sample
and
the
present
analyses
revealed
that
there
was
a
significant
decrease
in
the
frequency,
the
duration
and
the
strength
of
the
headaches
of
patients
treated
with
the
EMDR
Chronic
Headache
Protocol.
Besides,
the
number
of
the
Emergency
Care
visits
and
the
amount
of
medication
taken
were
also
decreased
significantly
in
patients
treated
with
EMDR.
The
major
aim
of
this
workshop,
is
to
present
to
the
participants,
how
to
use
The
EMDR
Chronic
Headache
Protocol
in
the
treatment
of
patients
diagnosed
as
having
both
Chronic
Migraine
and
Chronic
Daily
Headache
(CDH).
Participants
will
gain
detailed
information
about
how
to
use
EMDR
Chronic
Migraine
Headache
Protocol
in
emergency
cases
too.
There
will
be
DVD
recordings
of
sessions
demonstrating
how
to
intervene
a
migraine
attack
during
a
session
and
also
how
the
EMDR
Chronic
Headache
Protocol
is
used
for
the
treatment
of
chronic
migraine
headache.
The
assessment
tools
used
for
the
project
will
be
given
to
participants
as
hand
outs
La
prevalencia
de
migraña
crónica
en
las
sociedades
occidentales
oscila
entre
el
12-‐24%
entre
las
mujeres
y
el
5-‐12%
en
los
hombres.
En
Turquía,
alrededor
del
21%
de
las
mujeres
y
11%
de
los
hombres
sufren
jaquecas.
Es
una
de
las
dolencias
más
discapacitantes
que
se
pueda
tener.
Los
tratamientos
más
habituales
para
tratar
las
migrañas
son
de
tipo
farmacológico
e
intervenciones
conductuales.
El
término
‘crónico’
implica
que
el
problema
no
tiene
solución.
En
este
caso,
significa
que
aunque
los
tratamientos
farmacológicos
y
conductuales
reducen
el
dolor
significativamente
en
algunos
pacientes,
sigue
habiendo
una
población
de
individuos
que
sufren
cefaleas
y
que
reciben
grandes
cantidades
de
medicamentos,
que
tienen
que
acudir
a
urgencias
con
frecuencia
debido
a
que
sufren
demasiado
dolor
que
se
prolonga
durante
muchas
horas
y,
en
ocasiones,
días.
Es
más,
algunos
fármacos
tienen
efectos
secundarios
entre
moderados
y
graves
o
cuyas
contraindicaciones
incluyen
afecciones
que
padecen
los
clientes.
La
desensibilización
y
reprocesamiento
con
movimientos
oculares
(EMDR)
supone
un
planteamiento
psicoterapéutico
integral
desarrollado
para
reducir
o
eliminar
los
síntomas
que
son
consecuencia
de
recuerdos
traumáticos
sin
resolver.
Hace
poco,
se
ha
visto
que
el
tratamiento
con
EMDR
ha
logrado
resultados
prometedores
en
el
alivio
del
dolor
crónico
y
que
aumenta
el
bienestar
psicológico
de
las
personas
afectadas.
Las
investigaciones
que
señalan
las
similitudes
neurobiológicas
detectadas
entre
los
pacientes
que
sufren
TEPT
y
los
que
padecen
el
dolor
crónico
han
animado
a
muchos
clínicos
e
investigadores
a
explorar
el
empleo
de
EMDR
en
el
tratamiento
del
dolor
crónico.
Hemos
desarrollado
el
protocolo
de
EMDR
para
tratar
la
migraña
crónica
para
conseguir
y
mantener
un
alto
nivel
de
fidelidad
terapéutico
y
para
mantener
el
rigor
científico,
además
de
para
que
sirva
para
orientar
la
investigación
en
el
futuro.
En
colaboración
con
un
hospital
público
en
Turquía,
hemos
llevado
a
cabo
un
estudio
piloto
en
pacientes
con
un
diagnóstico
de
migraña
crónica
diaria.
El
estudio
sigue
en
curso
con
una
muestra
ampliada
y
los
análisis
actuales
han
mostrado
que
ha
habido
una
disminución
significativa
en
la
frecuencia,
duración
e
intensidad
de
las
cefaleas
de
los
pacientes
tratados
con
el
protocolo
de
EMDR
para
tratar
la
cefalea
crónica.
Es
más,
el
número
de
visitas
a
urgencias
y
la
cantidad
de
fármacos
administrados
también
se
redujo
de
forma
significativa
en
los
pacientes
tratados
con
EMDR.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
22. Holmshaw, M. (2001, May). EMDR treatment of sexual dysfunction. Presentation at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, London, UK .
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
The prevalence of sexual dysfunction in women within primary care settings is often
estimated to be as high as 42% with vaginismus, pain with intercourse, anorgasmia and lack
of sexual desire being most commonly reported. Additionally, major clinical complaints
among women often centre on their dissatisfaction with such non-genital behaviours as
affection, communication, and non-genital touching, as well as issues of attraction and
passion. Despite this high prevalence of sexual disorders, and the use of psychotherapy and
sexual therapy in treatment the problems women experience,this is a frequently neglected
area of both research and development of new treatment tdchniques. In fact, referring to
vaginismus, some authors conclude the basic strategies and methods for assessing and
treating vaginismus were proposed by the early 20th Century and have not essentially
changed.
This paper discusses an alternative approach to treatment vaginismus and "sexual phobia" in
women. By way of case study material, the use of EMDR in combination with sensate focus
techniques with partner involvement, is discussed. In a significant number of cases, past
trauma and severe body image disturbances were detected. EMDR was successful not only in
resolving such trauma, but also in correcting distorted body image and enabling imaginary
exposure to appropriate sexual behaviour.
Keywords: Sexual Dysfunction
Accuracy Verified: Yes
23. Jacobs, S., Schmidt, S., Ludecke, C., & Strack, M. (2009). EMDR und biofeedback in der behandlung von substituierten traumapatienten [EMDR and biofeedback in the treatment of substituted traumatic patients]. EMDR und biofeedback in der behandlung von substituierten traumapatienten, In S. Jacobs, (Hrsg.), Neurowissenschaften und Traumatherapie. Grundlagen und Behandlungskonzepte, [Neurosciences and Trauma Therapy, Bases and treatment approaches] (pp. 107-134). Göttingen: Universitätsverlag.
Language: German
Format: Book Section
Abstract: Prevalence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder is alarmingly high among substanceabusing inpatients. Although many studies have shown this problem, treatment offered for combined trauma and substance abuse-therapy can hardly be found. Many patients are told to initially treat their substance abuse before treating the PTSD. This study deals with the trauma-treating method EMDR and biofeedback with substituted inpatients. 15 of these inpatients recieved questionnaires at three different point in time during their therapy, in addition nine of them during a 3-month-follow-up. Furthermore biofeedback-conductance was held within the EMDR-sets to represent the decline of the psycological affrivation, measured wit electrodermal activity h electrodermal activity. These data were compared to not-consuming outpatients, who received the same treatment. Overall there were positive changes in ratings regarding the traumaspecific variables, general psychic strain, depressivity, somatic discomfort and dissociative symptoms. An increased satisfaction in different areas of life could also be observed. Data associated with electrodermal activities showed only marginal differences compared to the reference data.
Keywords: Biofeedback
Accuracy Verified: Yes
24. ter Heide, J. J. (2008, June). EMDR versus stabilisation in the treatment of traumatised asylum seekers and refugees: Preliminary results of a pilot RCT. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Conference, London, England UK.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Despite the high prevalence of PTSD in refugee populations, it is as yet unclear how to treat traumatised refugees
and asylum seekers most effectively. Whilst EMDR is a treatment of choice for PTSD, it is considered good clinical
practice to use a phased model of intervention with these patients. In this model, a stabilisation phase precedes
EMDR. Many clinicians are reluctant to try EMDR with this population for fear of psychological decompensation.
They tend to stick to stabilisation techniques. Centrum ’45 in the Netherlands is a national centre for mental
health care, specialising in the treatment of victims of war and organised violence. In order to optimise the
mental health care offered, the centre is conducting a pilot RCT to see which is more effective in the treatment of
traumatised asylum seekers and refugees: eight sessions of EMDR or eight sessions of stabilisation. The study
population consists of 20 adult patients who applied for treatment and who met the DSM-IV criteria of PTSD,
excluding those who are suicidal, psychotic, (hypo) manic or who suffer from substance abuse or eating
disorders. Patients are screened for participation using the SCID module PTSD and part of the MINI. Symptoms of
PTSD, depression and anxiety, and quality of life are assessed at pre- and post-treatment and follow-up, using the
HTQ, HSCL-25 and the WHOQOL-BREF. The pilot study is due to finish in October 2008. In this poster
presentation, we present preliminary findings, including data from the pre- and post-treatment assessments.
Keywords: Asylum Seekers Poster Refugees
Accuracy Verified: Yes
25. Zobel, M. (2010, June). EMDR with alcohol addicted patients with comorbid PTSD in a treatment facility for alcoholism - experiences, outcome, perspectives. In Addictions. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Patients with alcohol addiction often report sexual abuse
and neglect in childhood and/or other traumatic events during
lifetime. In addiction treatment facilities symptoms of PTSD are
frequently not treated, because there is no sufficient method.
which could be completed within the addiction treatment period?
The lecture will inform about an ongoing scientific project dealing with the question, if EMDR is an intervention, which is equal
or superior to common multimodal stabilizing interventions. The
project is supported by the Deutsche Rentenversicherung Bund.
Patients with alcohol addiction and comorbid PTSD are divided
into two groups: EMDR or multimodal therapy including stabilizing methods. Prevalence of PTSD-symptoms is measured
before and after intervention and one year after treatment.
Up to date nearly 90 Patients with alcohol addiction and PTSD
have been treated. Data indicate, that both trauma treatments
are effective but that EMDR leads to a significant larger decrease
in trauma symptoms. The results of the one year after
treatment evaluation are presented and discussed.
Educational objectives: Addiction therapy in a treatment facility
can be effectively combined with trauma therapy.
EMDR is an effective method in the treatment of patients with
alcohol addiction and comorbid PTSD.
Most patients with alcohol addiction and PTSD show multiple
trauma and need a prolonged period of treatment.
What's new? There are only few studies in Germany, which
have investigated the effects of EMDR in a sample of alcohol
addicted patients.
The presented study includes a follow up evaluation one year
after treatment (currently in progress), which rarely is the case
in research on EMDR-effectiveness.
Keywords: Alcoholism Treatment Comorbid Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Comorbid PTSD Symposium
Accuracy Verified: Yes
26. Keenan, L., Keenan, P., & Wright, C. (2007, June). EMDR with perinatal post traumatic stress disorder. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
For most people, childbirth is a time for celebration and joy. However, for some women it can prove a harrowing and traumtising experience. This may result in mothers developing Peri-Natal Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PN-PSTD), (Slade, 2006)). The reported prevalence of PTSD following childbirth ranges from 1.5% to 6% (Beck, 2004). However, there is a general lack of awareness of this issue, encompassing all health care professions (General Practitioners, Health Visitors, Obstetricians, and non-specialist Psychiatrists) (Robinson, 2003)). This can lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatments being offers (Czamocks & Slade, 2000). This paper will critically examine some of the common themes associated with PN-PTSD. It will explore how Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) can and should be used as an effective treatment intervention (Madrid, Skolek, and Shapiro 2007). Evidence based practice and practice based evidence (case studies) will show how EMDR can be adapted for this client group. The presentation will also reflect on future training needs and research implications.
Keywords: Health Problems Perinatal Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
27. Bertolotti, G. (2008, June). EMDR: Should be appropriate in a rehabilitation multidisciplinary programme?. Poster session presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Because EMDR is a powerful short-term therapy effective for confronting and overcoming stress, anxiety, and
trauma which could be its role in an intensive rehabilitation multidisciplinary programme? As well-known PTSD is
the most common diagnostic category used to describe symptoms arising from emotionally traumatic
experience.This disorder presumes that the person experienced a traumatic event involving actual or threatened
death or injury to themselves or others. Some research shows that EMDR is rapid, safe and effective in helping
those who suffer from anxiety, distressing memories, nightmares, insomnia, as consequences from traumatic
events. Several recent reviews have looked at the relationship between medical illness and subsequent PTSD.
Moreover Spindler(2005) published a review with focal point on subjects after cardiovascular disease and mainly
with a focus on prevalence rates, risk factors, and future. Should be possible catch a trauma event right through
in-hospital and use the EMDR when appropriate? Hence how should be tailored an appropriate assessment
procedures during the rehabilitation in-hospital? Anxiety (using a the STAI) and Depression (measured with
Depression Questionnaire) with clinical cut-off score might be useful in screening and an adequately structured
interview could complete in-hospital screening. In a more wide assessment screening a device for
psychophysiological assessment measuring electrodermal activity and heart rate/pulse wave. An elevated
cardiovascular and electrodermal activity during the interview should be an index for selecting a clinical simple of
patients where carry out a deeper assessment in search for a trauma connect to the pre-rehabilitation period or
older. The aforementioned could be a wished-for screen subjects with trauma events both at short or long term
insurgence.
Keywords: Rehabilitation Multidisciplinarian Program
Accuracy Verified: Yes
28. Pacheco, J. Q. (2010, Febrero-Marzo). EMDR: Tratamiento de la fobia social [EMDR: Treatment of social phobia]. Communicacion presentada en: 11º Congreso Virtual de Psiquiatría, Trujillo, Peru, Interpsiquis 2010. Psiquiatria.com..
Language: Spanish
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Social phobia is one of the most common diseases in the general population, according to
American Psychiatric Association (2000) cited by Olivares-Rodríguez (2006) (1) shows a
prevalence ranges from 1% to 15.6% in Europe, being higher in women than in men
(Olivares, J., 2003) (2), has its onset most frequently in middle adolescence (Olivares-Olivares and
Other, 2007) (3) in these patients presenting symptoms associated with other disorders
anxiety, depression and substance abuse such as alcohol or other legal and illegal drugs
(Olivares, J., 2003) (2), constituting a serious public health problem or suffering
ever had in your life for 9.5% of the population (Olivares, J., 2003) (2)
Social phobia is one of the most common diseases in the general population, according to
American Psychiatric Association (2000) cited by Olivares-Rodríguez (2006) (1) shows a
prevalence ranges from 1% to 15.6% in Europe, being higher in women than in men
(Olivares, J., 2003) (2), has its onset most frequently in middle adolescence (Olivares-Olivares and Other, 2007) (3) in these patients presenting symptoms associated with other disorders
anxiety, depression and substance abuse such as alcohol or other legal and illegal drugs
(Olivares, J., 2003) (2), constituting a serious public health problem or suffering
ever had in your life for 9.5% of the population (Olivares, J., 2003) (2)
Keywords: Social Phobia Treatment
Accuracy Verified: Yes
29. Mevissen-Renckens, L., & Lievegoed, R. (2009). Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) A treatment method for trauma-related psychiatric disorders and psycho-social problems related to negative life events. Presentation at the 7th European Congress of Mental Health in Intellectual Disability, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
In the last two decades there is an increasing number of studies on the effects of trauma and life events in people
with Intellectual Disabilities (ID). Behavioural problems and depressive symptoms are frequently reported. Post
Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a specifi c trauma-related anxiety disorder with high prevalence rates in the
normal population and with disruptive effects on the patient’s everyday life. As in children, behavioural problems
are supposed to be a common feature in people with ID who have been exposed to traumatic life events.
In regard to the general vulnerability of people with ID, PTSD is supposed to be considerably under diagnosed
and under treated in this population. In the normal population Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and Eye
Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) are evidence based treatment methods for PTSD. Because
of its highly nonverbal character EMDR seems to be a suitable treatment method for people with intellectual and
developmental disabilities.
In this workshop the focus is on
• the recognition of symptoms related to psycho trauma or to sequences of negative life experiences, illustrated
by a variety of case studies on people with ID.
• EMDR treatment in children and adults with a mild, moderate or severe ID, illustrated by video presentations.
The participants get opportunities to experience some working mechanisms of EMDR by supervised practicing.
Keywords: Negative Life Events Psychiatric Disorders Psycho-Social Problems
Accuracy Verified: No
30. Ali, M. W., & Rana, M. H. (2008, June). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in patients of PTSD following earthquake 2005, Pakistan. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Objective: The purpose of the study is to asses the usefulness of EMDR in patients of PTSD who survived the
October 2005 earthquake in Pakistan. Background: On October the 8th an earthquake of 7.6 on rector scale
struck Kashmir and Northwest of Pakistan leaving millions injured and more than 80,000 dead. A survey of the
affected areas has shown a high prevalence of PTSD amongst the survivors. A selected series of patients with the
diagnosis of PTSD from amongst the survivors is enrolled for EMDR at CTRPI. The study is based on their response
to this intervention. Design and Settings: The study involves an ongoing compilation of clinical data and the study
of therapeutic responses to various interventions including EMDR, at a tertiary mental health facility and Centre
for Trauma Research and Psychosocial Interventions (CTRPI), Rawalpindi /Islamabad, Pakistan. This mental health
facility is the tertiary care referral point for patients from metal health relief units located allover in earthquake
affected areas of Azad Kashmir and Northwest of Pakistan. Method: Earthquake survivors who develop
psychosocial sequelae referred to CTRPI from Kashmir, who go on to fulfill the criteria of Post-traumatic Stress
Disorder according to ICD-10 are registered for further studies and appropriate interventions. A select group who
give informed consent for EMDR are then included for detailed evaluation and follow up. Sessions are conducted
in eight phases from manuals by therapists who are trained till level 2 in the method. Pre- treatment assessment
is done by an independent assessor for scores on Impact of Event Scale and Global Assessment of Functioning
(GAF). The post treatment assessment is conducted 1 week after the treatment with the same procedures as at
pretreatment. In session Scoring of subjective unit of distress is also recorded serially. According to the degree of
improvement and severity of illness, sessions of EMDR are carried out with the duration of about 60 to 90
minutes each session and with a minimum of 6 sessions using the bilateral stimulation. The authors plan to
compile their work with ten patients who fulfill the prerequisites of the study in process. Results: The work has
been done so far on three clients which suggest that EMDR is effective in reducing the scores of IES back to
normal and there is marked difference in the GAF level after the said intervention. It has a dramatic effect on
29
within-session SUD levels .Furthermore, at a qualitative level it is observed that involvement of other family
members in the therapeutic process may improve treatment adherence. Conclusions: Ongoing results of this
study tend to suggest that the EMDR is an effective intervention for patients of PTSD following a natural disaster
like an earth quake. However, the results drawn cannot be generalized on account of their small count.
Keywords: Earthquake Pakistan Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
31. Brown, S. H., Gilman, S. G., Goodman, E. G., Adler-Tapia, R., & Freng, S. (2010). Integrated trauma treatment in drug court: Combining EMDR and seeking safety. Authors.
Language: English
Format: Other
Abstract:
Trauma histories with co-occurring Substance Use Disorder (SUD) are disproportionately prevalent for individuals in the criminal justice system. A study was implemented in the Thurston County Drug Court Program to determine the prevalence of trauma exposure and evaluate the feasibility of implementing an Integrated Trauma Treatment Program (ITTP) combining two empirically supported treatments: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) and Seeking Safety (SS). It was hypothesized that individual trauma treatment would lead to improved program outcomes, including increased graduation rates and lower recidivism. Two hundred nineteen males and females, ages 18-65 were screened. One hundred sixty one participants (73.5%) were eligible for the ITTP based on a self-report of at least one “criterion A” event in their lifetime. Fifty-eight participants (26.5%) did not report criterion A trauma and were assigned to program as usual (PAU). Participants who completed only the SS groups (N=50) graduated at a rate of 62% compared to 91.3% of those who completed both SS and EMDR (N=69). After implementation of the ITTP, recidivism for graduates was 7.4% and 18% for terminators, compared to 25% and 30.6% respectively prior to the ITTP. These outcomes provide preliminary evidence that individual trauma treatment can improve graduation rates and decrease recidivism in a Drug Court Program.
Keywords: Drug Court Integrated Trauma Treatment Program ITTP Seeking Safety Substance Use Disorder SUD Thurston County Drug Court Program
Accuracy Verified: Yes
32. Brown, S., & Gilman, S. (2007). An integrated trauma treatment program (ITTP) in the Thurston County Drug Court Program: Program summary - An integrated trauma treatment program (EMDR and seeking safety) as an enhancement in the Thurson County drug court program. Author.
Language: English
Format: Other
Abstract:
The prevalence of co-occurring Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Substance Use Disorder (SUD) in the criminal justice system is a serious issue for both men and women. The inattention to trauma before, during, and after involvement in the criminal justice system is problematic. Some research suggests that trauma-related disorders among those with SUD negatively affect post-incarceration outcomes (Kubiak, 2004). Therefore, from a practice and policy perspective, interventions addressing these co-occurring disorders should be made available to men and women within the criminal justice system.
Current research recommends a phased and integrated treatment approach for co-occurring PTSD and SUD. SAMHSA (2005) reports that the integration of substance abuse treatment and mental health services for persons with co-occurring disorders (COD) has become a major treatment initiative. The specific Integrated Trauma Treatment Program (ITTP) described in this report is one possible treatment approach for this challenging population. This report will outline the rationale for the ITTP implemented in the Thurston County Drug Court Program (TCDCP) in Olympia, WA. In addition, it is hoped that results from this project will be considered when making policy recommendations for Drug Courts and other programs in the criminal justice system, as well as other public and private substance abuse treatment settings.
Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Substance Use Disorder
Accuracy Verified: Yes
33. Woller, W. (2004, June). Is there a place for EMDR in the treatment of personality disorders?. In complex traumatisation and EMDR (K. Linder, Chair). Symposium conducted at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, Stockholm, Sweden .
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
There is substantial evidence that EMDR is an effective treatment method un posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, comorbid disorders have to be taken into account when treating PTSD with EMDR. Personality disorders are a frequent comorbid disorder of PTSD, and a high prevalence of childhood traumatization has been found in personality disorders as well. Given this background, the paper to be presented discussed (1) modifications and limitations of EMDR technique required for treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder with comorbid personality disorders, and (2) further applications of EMDR in the treatment of personality disorders without PTSD. If comorbid personality disorder is present, EMDR has to be integrated into a complex treatment plan which includes stabilization, symptom control, resource installation, identification of distorted interpersonal perceptions, and modification of maladaptive interpersonal interactions. Because of the central role of generalized negative beliefs in maintaining cyclical maladaptive patterns, EMDR is regarded a valuable tool to modify negative beliefs along with processing traumatic memories and body sensations, Problems of therapeutic alliance due to transference phenomena and acting out can make stabilization difficult and time-consuming. EMDR technique should be subjected to important modifications depending on personality disorder subtype, defence structure and symptomatic comorbidity. Structural dissociations of the personality (e. g., as in dissociative identity disorder) call for a consideration of all ego-sates of the personality system before planning EMDR treatment. In addition to unresolved trauma, current and future interpersonal stressors can be chosen as EMDR targets.
Keywords: Personality Disorders Symposium Trauma
Accuracy Verified: Yes
34. Keenan, P., & Wright, C. (2008, June). A joint working approach to the identification and treatment (EMDR) of peri-natal post traumatic stress disorder (PN-PTSD). Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
For most people childbirth is a time for celebration and joy. However, for some women it can prove a harrowing
and traumatising experience. This may result in mothers developing Peri-natal Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
(PN-PTSD), (Slade, 2006). The reported prevalence of PN-PTSD ranges from 1.5% to 6%, (Beck, 2004). There is a
general lack of awareness of this issue, encompassing a myriad of health care professionals (General Practioners,
Health Visitors, Obstetricians and non specialist Psychiatrists), (Robinson, 2003). This can lead to misdiagnosis
and inappropriate treatment being offered, (Czarnocks & Slade, 2000). This paper will critically examine some of
the common themes associated with PN-PTSD and how EMDR can and should be used as an effective treatment
intervention. A case study will be used by way of explanation. The paper will discuss future staff training needs
and research implications, focusing on joint working between Health Visiting Services and Primary Care Mental
Health Teams. Finally the paper will discuss a future training initiative for health Visitors in the recognition and
signposting of PN-PTSD.
Keywords: Perinatal Perinatal Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PN-PTSD Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
35. Brewerton, T. D. (2008, May 1). The links between PTSD and eating disorders. Psychiatric Times, 25(6), 1-7.
Language: English
Format: Magazine
Abstract: D
espite an abundance of studies linking both traumatic experiences and anxiety disorders with eating disorders, relatively little has been reported on the prevalence of associated posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or partial PTSD in patients with eating disorders. The National Women's Study, dating back more than 10 years, remains the only detailed study of crime victimization histories, resultant PTSD, and associated psychiatric comorbidity, including eating disorders, in a representative sample of women in the United States.1 This article presents the case for a link between PTSD and eating disorders. The prevalence of comorbid PTSD and eating disorders is discussed with an explanation of a mechanism that may explain the connection, followed by treatment options and reasons for caution.
Keywords: Eating Disorders Posttrauamtic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
36. Ehlers, A., Gene-Cos, N., & Perrin, S. (2009). Low recognition of post-traumatic stress disorder in primary care. London Journal of Primary Care, 2, 36–42.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common
and disabling disorder that develops as a consequence
of traumatic events and is characterised by
distressing re-experiencing of parts of the trauma,
avoidance of reminders, emotional numbing and
hyperarousal. The NICE guidelines for PTSD (2005)
recommend trauma-focused psychological therapy
as the first-line treatment. A survey of 129 GPs in
south London investigated the recognition and
treatment of PTSD in primary care. The majority
of GPs underestimated the prevalence of PTSD.
Most PTSD patients seen in GP surgeries currently
do not receive or are not referred for NICE recommended
psychological treatments. Medications,
especially SSRIs, appear to be more commonly
prescribed than recommended by NICE. Efforts to
disseminate information about PTSD and effective
treatments to both patients and GPs are needed to
increase recognition rates and prompter access to
treatment. The Improving Access to Psychological
Therapies (IAPT) programme will make the NICE
recommended treatments more widely available
and will allow self-referral by adults with PTSD to
trauma-focused psychological therapy.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
37. Gamba, M. (2005). L’integrazione dell'EMDR nella psicoterapia dei disturbi del comportamento alimentare [EMDR integration into the psychotherapy of eating disorders]. Universita Degli Studi Padova, Italia.
Language: Italian
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract:
Questo mio lavoro di tesi rappresenta una rassegna degli studi compiuti negli
ultimi anni, sui disturbi del comportamento alimentare. Negli ultimi vent’anni
molto è stato detto su questa patologia che ha attirato l’attenzione non solo di
clinici e specialisti ma anche dei mass media. Si tratta, purtroppo, di disturbi che
si stanno imponendo sempre di più nella società occidentale e che iniziano a
comparire anche nelle zone più povere del mondo. Come sarà possibile notare
nel primo capitolo, questi disturbi interessano principalmente, ma non
esclusivamente, soggetti di sesso femminile e gli indici di prevalenza indicano un
valore attorno all’1% per la bulimia nervosa nelle giovani donne adulte, mentre
per l’anoressia nervosa questa percentuale oscilla attorno lo 0,3%. Dopo una
descrizione generale di queste patologie, mi sono occupata dei disturbi specifici
evidenziati dal DSM-IV, redatto dall’American Psychiatric Association nel 1996:
Anoressia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, Disturbo da Alimentazione Incontrollata
(BED). Questi disturbi vengono descritti singolarmente, analizzandone i fattori di
rischio e le caratteristiche cliniche e diagnostiche; nella descrizione ho tralasciato
i fattori eziopatogenetici della Bulimia Nervosa e del BED perché sono
rintracciabili tra quelli evidenziati per l’Anoressia Nervosa.
My thesis is a review of studies made in
last year, about eating disorders. Over the past twenty years
Much has been said about this disease that has attracted the attention not only to
and clinical specialists, but also the media. This is, unfortunately, of disorders
are becoming more and more in Western society and start to
appear even in the poorest parts of the world. As you will notice
in the first chapter, these problems primarily, but not
exclusively, female subjects, and prevalence rates indicate a
value of around 1% for bulimia nervosa in young adult women, while
for anorexia nervosa, this percentage fluctuates around 0.3%. after a
general description of these diseases, I have dealt with specific disorders
highlighted by the DSM-IV, prepared by the American Psychiatric Association in 1996:
Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, binge eating disorder
(BED). These disorders are described individually, analyzing the factors
risk and the clinical and diagnostic features, I have omitted in the description
causative factors of Bulimia Nervosa and BED because they are
detectable among those highlighted for Anorexia Nervosa.
Keywords: Eating Disorders
Accuracy Verified: Yes
38. Lapp, L. K., Agbokou, C., Peretti, C. S., & Ferreri, F. (2010, September). Management of post traumatic stress disorder after childbirth: A review. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology, 31(3), 113-122. doi:10.3109/0167482X.2010.503330.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Prevalence and risk factors for the development of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after childbirth is well described in the literature. However, its management and treatment has only begun to be investigated. The aim of this article is to describe the studies that examine the effects of interventions on PTSD after childbirth. MedLine, PILOTS, CINAHL and ISI Web of Science databases were systematically searched for randomised controlled trials, pilot studies and case studies using key words related to PTSD, childbirth, treatment and intervention. The reference lists of the retrieved articles were also used to supplement the search. A total of nine studies were retrieved. Seven studies that examined debriefing or counselling were identified; six randomised controlled trials and one pilot study. Also found were one case report describing the effects of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) on two women, and one pilot study of eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR). Overall, there is limited evidence concerning the management of women with PTSD after childbirth. The results agree with the findings from the non-childbirth related literature: debriefing and counselling are inconclusively effective while CBT and EMDR may improve PTSD status but require investigation in controlled trials before conclusions could be drawn.
Keywords: Childbirth Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
39. Lohr, J. M., Hooke, W., Gist, R., & Tolin, D. F. (2003). Novel and controversial treatments for trauma-related stress disorders. In S. O Lilienfeld, S. J. Lynn, J. M. Lohr, (Eds.), Science and pseudoscience in clinical psychology (pp. 243-272). New York: Guilford Press.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
The purpose of this chapter is to critically examine novel or controversial interventions for psychological trauma and its sequelae. Because the field of trauma treatment has recently witnessed a substantial increase in unusual treatments with questionable claims of efficacy, careful scrutiny of these treatments is warranted. We begin by discussing psychological trauma and its prevalence. We next describe the symptoms of PTSD, and discuss data concerning the risk of developing this disorder following a trauma. We outline current cognitive-behavioral theories of PTSD, and describe empirically supported treatments based on such theories. Finally, we describe a number of novel and controversial trauma interventions, including eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), thought field therapy (TFT), and critical incident stress debriefing (CISD). We examine the theoretical and empirical bases of these three treatments and discuss the implications of their promotion for the field of clinical psychology. [Text, p. 243]
Keywords: Critical Incident Stress Debriefing Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Stressors Survivors TFT Thought Field Therapy Treatment Effectiveness
Accuracy Verified: Yes
40. Dale, S. (2012, April). One in ten: Treating needle phobias with EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Canda, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
One in ten people has a needle phobia. This condition can be disabling for people whose inordinate fear of needles can keep them from accessing medical testing and treatment. In this presentation, needle phobia are defined and the types explained, including vaso-vagal, associative, resistive, and hyperalgesic. The EMDR Protocol for Phobias is outlined, and research on using EMDR with needle phobia is reviewed. Case studies are presented in which clients with different types and degrees of needle phobia are treated. Discussions on challenges working with this client group are presented, and cognitive interweaves specific to needle phobia are introduced.
Learning Objectives:
1. Examine the definition and prevalence of phobias
2. Identify the types and prevalence of needle phobia
3. Outline the psychological and physical impact of needle phobia
4. Discuss the EMDR Protocol for Phobias
5. Explore how EMDR can be used to treat needle phobia
Keywords: Phobia
Accuracy Verified: Yes
41. Servan-Schreiber, D. (2000, July). Point: Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Is psychiatry missing the point?. Psychiatric Times, 17(7), 36-40.
Language: English
Format: Magazine
Abstract:
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common and disabling condition. Recent
estimates of the lifetime prevalence range between 6% and 15%, making this condition
possibly more common than major depressive disorder (Breslau et al., 1998; Kessler et
al., 1995). In addition, many patients who have been the victims of directed violence,
such as rape or assault, continue to meet PTSD criteria 10 years after the incident
(Breslau et al., 1998).
Keywords: Pottraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
42. Creamer, M., & O'Donnell, M. (2002). Post-traumatic stress disorder. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 15(2), 163-168.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
This paper provides an overview of recent developments in the literature on post-traumatic stress disorder. Epidemiological studies indicate that approximately 15-25% of individuals experiencing a significant trauma will go on to develop post-traumatic stress disorder, although approximately half will recover without formal intervention. Potential vulnerability factors for post-traumatic stress disorder have been identified, but the mechanisms and complexities require further exploration, with recent research suggesting that prevalence rates and risk factors may differ across populations. Studies of psychological treatment have demonstrated prolonged exposure and cognitive therapies to be equally beneficial, whereas eye movement desensitization and reprocessing may be useful but perhaps less effective in the long term. Pharmacological treatment studies indicate that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors may be the first choice of drug treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder. Non-selective primary prevention strategies remain contentious, although secondary prevention, in the form of cognitive behavioural interventions for acutely symptomatic survivors, appears to reduce the subsequent development of post-traumatic stress disorder.
Keywords: Cognitive Therapies Drug Therapy Exposure Therapies Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Prevention Primary Prevention PTSD Risk Factors Secondary Prevention Susceptibility (Disorders) Treatment Vulnerability Factors
Accuracy Verified: Yes
43. McLean, P. D., & Woody, Sheila, R. (2001). Posttraumatic stress disorder. In P. D. McLean & S. R. Woody (Eds.), Anxiety disorders in adults: An evidence-based approach to psychological treatment (pp. 205-241). New York: Oxford University Press.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
Description and conceptualization (phenomenology; diagnostic trends; prevalence and course); Theoretical perspectives; Assessment (diagnosis; assessment of symptoms; assessing contextual factors: social support, cognitive distortions, avoidant coping, multiple trauma history, occupational adjustment, physical history/pain/litigation; case formulation); Treatment models and guidelines (cognitive behavioral therapy for PTSD: education, exposure, cognitive control, cognitive restructuring, relaxation training; specific types of trauma: sexual assault, motor vehicle accident, combat; pharmacological treatment for PTSD; eye movement desensitization and reprocessing [EMDR]; client-treatment matching; minimal vs. optimal interventions; common problems: noncompliance due to fear and avoidance, comorbidity, medical and litigation complications; treatment outcome evaluation and life planning). [Pilots]
Keywords: Adults Evidence Based Treatment Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapy PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
44. Herbert, J. D., & Forman, E. M. (2006). Posttraumatic stress disorder. In J. E. Fisher & W. T. O'Donohue (Eds.), Practitioner's Guide to Evidence-Based Psychotherapy (pp. 555-566). New York: Springer.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
What is Posttraumatic Stress Disorder?
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a syndrome characterized by persistent anxiety-related symptoms provoked by a traumatic event. These symptoms are comprised of three clusters: Re-experiencing symptoms such as recurrent intrusive thoughts about the trauma, nightmares, and flashbacks, numbing symptoms such as detachment from others and loss of interest in usual activities, and a third cluster of miscellaneous symptoms including an exaggerated startle response, sleep disturbance, and memory impairment. Estimates of the prevalence of PTSD vary widely; the National Comorbidity Survey found rates of 8.2% among men and 20.4% among women (Kessler et al., 1995). The National Vietnam Veterans Readjustment Study (NVVRS, Kulka et al., 1990) reported that 30.9% of American soldiers who served in Vietnam developed PTSD; this figure rose to 50% if subsyndromal PTSD was counted. Although these figures continue to be widely cited, the NVVRS has been widely criticized on several grounds, including reliance on undocumented, retrospective self-reports of trauma, lack of measurement of impairment, and most importantly the simple fact that only 15% of those serving in Vietnam were actually in combat units.
Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PSTD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
45. Yu, B. H., & Dimsdale, J. (1999, September). Posttraumatic stress disorder in patients with burn injuries. Journal of Burn Care and Rehabilitation, 20(5), 426-433 [Discussion 422-425].
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
This article reviews the literature about the extent of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in patients with burns. PTSD is a relatively new diagnostic label, although the emotional effects of severe trauma have long been recognized. A burn injury-one of the most traumatic of all injuries--can be accompanied by serious psychological sequelae, including PTSD. Psychiatric symptoms may not be immediately apparent in patients with burns because the patients often develop PTSD many months after the injury. The reported prevalence rate of PTSD in patients with burns varies from 8% to 45%. The factors increasing these patients' risks include preburn affective disorder, delirium or severe pain during acute treatment, and less perceived social support. Psychosocial issues must be considered in the recovery or rehabilitation phase. Pharmacotherapy, psychodynamic psychotherapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing may be helpful to the PTSD patient. Early detection and treatment of PTSD cannot only diminish the effects of this disabling disorder but can also help the rehabilitation of patients with this condition.
Keywords: Burn Injuries Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
46. Stramrood, C., Paarlberg, K. M., Vingerhoets, A. J., van den Berg, P. P., & van Pampus, M. G. (2012, March). Posttraumatic stress following childbirth: Diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Poster presented at the 70th annual scientific meeting of the American Psychomatic Society, Athens, Greece.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Background: What to do with women who experienced childbirth as so
traumatic that they keep having nightmares, flashbacks and problems
concentrating, who do not want to become pregnant again or demand a
cesarean section at the next delivery? One to two percent of women
suffers from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following childbirth,
which may affect mother-child bonding as well as future pregnancies.
Methods: Based on current knowledge from literature, including own
research, an overview will be presented of the prevalence, risk factors,
diagnosis and treatment of PTSD following childbirth. Results: PTSD
is an anxiety disorder affecting 1-2 percent of women after childbirth.
Risk factors include [a] obstetric complications and interventions
(emergency cesarean section, preterm birth), [b] history of psychiatric
problems or depression/anxiety during pregnancy, [c] psychosocial
factors (low coping skills, low social support). Furthermore, 50 percent
of women with PTSD following childbirth also suffers from
postpartum depression. When PTSD is suspected, clinicians can use the
self-report measure Traumatic Event Scale-B to quantify symptoms,
and refer to a psychiatrist/psychologist if necessary. Several studies
indicate that spontaneous remission of PTSD following childbirth is
uncommon. Possible negative consequences of the condition include
insecure attachment of the infant, impaired partner relationship,
avoiding future pregnancies and demanding a cesarean section in a
subsequent pregnancy. Although these possible adverse outcomes
justify treatment and prevention, effective interventions and prevention
strategies have not been adequately researched in this patient group.
International guidelines regarding PTSD in other (non-pregnant)
populations point to eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing
(EMDR) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) as the most
promising treatments. Identification of women at risk, both during
pregnancy and postpartum, is key to early intervention and possible
prevention. Conclusions: Posttraumatic stress disorder following
childbirth is a serious condition affecting 1-2 percent of postpartum
women, with higher prevalence rates among women with complicated pregnancies/deliveries and those with a history of mental health issues.
Adequate identification of women at risk and those with clinical
symptoms is key to early intervention and eventually prevention.
Keywords: Childbirth
Accuracy Verified: Yes
47. Cantelmi, T. (2010, Novembre). Prevalenza, incidenza e diagnosi differenziale dei disturbi da stress post-traumatici in oncologia [Prevalence, incidence and differential diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder in oncology]. Presentazione al "Convegno La psicotraumatologia Oncologica, Roma, Italia.
Language: Italian
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Il PTSD abbraccia una gamma ampia di fenomeni: dagli eventi naturali catastrofici, dalle violenze maltrattamenti ed abusi su bambini ed adulti ad altre forme di aggressioni fisiche, gravi malattie ed interventi chirurgici, gravi problemi nel lavoro, come il mobbing ed altro ancora.
L prevalenza del PTSD oscilla tra l’1 ed il 9% della popolazione generale e può raggiungere il 50/60% in sottogruppi di soggetti esposti a traumi considerati di particolare gravità.. Tra i disturbi mentali conseguenti a traumi solo il PTSD è identificato dall’evento traumatico che in questo disturbo assume un ruolo specifico, tanto che la presenza di uno stressor a cui collegare i sintomi è l’elemento necessario per fare diagnosi. Si discute se lo stesso possa e debba sufficientemente essere rappresentato da un evento che ha le qualità per minacciare alla vita e qualità della vita di un soggetto o se sia identificabile esaurientemente con un vissuto soggettivo di impotenza che cambia l’adattamento della persona alla realtà in modo disfunzionale. Sembra comunque che la malattia oncologica e le sue fasi evolutive nonché i processi di guarigione che implica presentano occasioni ripetute per il paziente oncologico a rischio di traumatizzazione sia a causa delle circostanze oggettive che mettono in pericolo la qualità di vita della persona e la sua vita medesima, sia per le simbolizzazioni drammatiche che a volte essa può assumere nell’immaginario collettivo e soggettivo. Gli studi epidemiologici indicano come il PTSD interessi maggiormente il sesso femminile (11% vs 5% del sesso maschile) sulla cui prevalenza può anche influire il tipo di trauma (violenze e molestie sessuali, neglect ed abusi infantili vs. aggressioni fisiche, minacce con armi prigionia e rapimento negli uomini.
IL PTSD rappresenta una sfida in psichiatria non solo in generale perché i sintomi che emergono sono diversi e sintetizzano una miscela di processi sociali, biologici e psicologici, ma anche soprattutto in oncologia perché esiste una vasta gamma di sintomi dello spettro post-traumatico, come ad esempio i disturbi dell’adattamento, ma si è spesso in presenza di un PTSD sottosoglia difficilmente discriminabile anche agli occhi di esperti preparati.
Così possiamo intendere i disturbi dell’adattamento come tutte quelle manifestazioni in cui, in assenza di vulnerabilità individuale, un evento stressante, ad esempio la diagnosi di cancro ed i trattamenti ad essa legati, rappresenta il fattore causale ed esclusivo di insorgenza dei sintomi, che si presume non sarebbero altrimenti occorsi. Essi influiscono negativamente sull’adattamento del soggetto alla malattia e sul funzionamento psicofisico generale. I sintomi possono essere rappresentati da reazioni depressive, reazioni d’ansia o miste (ansioso-depressive), reazioni con altri aspetti emozionali (irritabilità, aggressività labilità emotiva) o con disturbi della condotta (comportamenti inadeguati). Importante risulta la diagnosi differenziale con i disturbi d’ansia e depressivi. I disturbi dell’adattamento rappresentano i quadri di sofferenza psicologica più frequentemente diagnosticabili nei pazienti con cancro, avendo una prevalenza del 30-35%. I sintomi sottosoglia possono rappresentare invece i prodromi di una sindrome conclamata oppure i sintomi residui di un PTSD in remissione parziale. E’ importante volgere l’attenzione ai PTSD in oncologia, alla diagnosi differenziale con altri tipi di disagi psicooncologici, ed in particolare alla peculiarità, gravità cronicità del quadro clinico per la possibilità di attuare una prevenzione efficace prima che il disturbo insorga o si strutturi, e per le potenzialità di comprensione di alcuni meccanismi di funzionamento cerebrale che creano un ponte fra psicologico e biologico.
The PTSD embraces a wide range of phenomena: from natural catastrophic events, from violence and abuse, ill-treatment of children and adults with other forms of physical assaults, serious illness and surgery, severe problems in the work, such as bullying and more.
The prevalence of PTSD ranges between 1 and 9% of the general population and can reach 50/60% in subgroups of subjects exposed to trauma considered particularly serious .. Among the mental disorders resulting from trauma, PTSD is identified only by the traumatic event that in this disorder takes on a specific role, so that the presence of a stressor that link symptoms is a necessary element to diagnose. It was discussed whether the same can and should be sufficiently represented by an event that has the quality to threaten the life and quality of life of an individual, or whether it is fully identifiable with a subjective experience of powerlessness that changes to adapt to the reality of the person in dysfunctional way. It seems that the oncological disease and its evolutionary phases as well as the healing process that involves repeated opportunities to present the cancer patient at risk of trauma and because of objective circumstances that endanger the quality of life of the person and his life itself , both for the dramatic symbolization that sometimes it can take in the collective and subjective. Epidemiological studies indicate that PTSD interests most of the women (11% vs. 5% of males) on the prevalence of which may also affect the type of trauma (violence and sexual harassment, child abuse and neglect Vs. Physical attacks, threats with weapons imprisonment and kidnapping in men.
IL PTSD represents a challenge in psychiatry not only in general because the symptoms that emerge are different and synthesize a mixture of social processes, biological and psychological, but also especially in oncology because there exists a wide range of symptoms spectrum post-traumatic, such such as adjustment disorders, but it is often in the presence of a subthreshold PTSD hardly discriminated even in the eyes of experts prepared.
So we can understand the adjustment disorders like all those events where, in the absence of individual vulnerability, a stressful event, such as the diagnosis of cancer and the treatments associated with it, is the causal factor and exclusive of onset of symptoms, which it is assumed would not otherwise have occurred. They have a negative impact on the adaptation of the subject to physical and mental illness and the general operation. Symptoms may be represented by depressive reactions, anxiety reactions or mixed (anxious-depressive), reactions with other aspects of emotional (irritability, aggressiveness, emotional lability) or conduct disorder (inappropriate behavior). Important results in the differential diagnosis of anxiety disorders and depression. The adjustment disorders represent the paintings of psychological distress more frequently diagnosed in patients with cancer, having a prevalence of 30-35%. The subthreshold symptoms may instead represent the beginnings of a full-blown syndrome or residual symptoms of PTSD in partial remission. It 'important to turn our attention to PTSD in oncology, the differential diagnosis with other types of inconvenience psicooncologici, and in particular to the peculiarities, chronicity, severity of the clinical picture for the possibility of implementing effective prevention before the disorder arises or is structured, and the potential of understanding of some mechanisms of brain function that create a bridge between psychological and biological.
Keywords: Cancer Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PSTD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
48. Adshead, G. (2000). Psychological therapies for post-traumatic stress disorder. British Journal of Psychiatry, 177(2), 144-148. doi:10.1192/bjp.177.2.144.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Background After exposure to traumatic stressors, a subgroup of survivors (20-30%) will develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Aims: Since the incidence and prevalence rates for PTSD in the community are significant, it is important that general practitioners and psychiatrists be familiar with possible therapeutic options. In this review we shall look at the published evidence about the effectiveness of psychological treatments for PTSD. Method: The psychopathological mechanisms involved in PTSD are discussed. Studies of the effectiveness of different psychological therapies are reviewed. Results: The review suggests that persistent fear or shame reactions are key aspects of PTSD. Evidence from systematic reviews suggests that psychotherapeutic treatments are effective in the therapy of reactions based on fear, and may increase the effectiveness of pharmacological therapy. There is less systematic evidence for the efficacy of interventions for symptoms based on shame. Conclusions: Although a proportion of patients with complex or chronic PTSD may require specialist interventions, most patients can be treated effectively by a general psychiatric service which can offer both pharmacological and psychological interventions (BJPsych).
Keywords: Fear Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Shame
Accuracy Verified: Yes
49. Adler-Nevo, G., & Manassis, K. (2005, September). Psychosocial treatment of pediatric posttraumatic stress disorder: The neglected field of single-incident trauma. Depression and Anxiety, 22(4), 177-189. doi:10.1002/da.20123.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Despite the prevalence of childhood trauma, studies regarding psychotherapy for children suffering from PTSD are scarce, especially regarding the treatment for pediatric PTSD following single-incident trauma. Treatment practices for this population rely mainly on the paradigms of therapy for adult PTSD and pediatric PTSD following sexual abuse. This review outlines the studies published in the last 10 years pertaining to the treatment of pediatric PTSD following single-incident trauma. This is done in the context of available literature on the paradigms mentioned above. Of 742 articles dealing with treatment of pediatric trauma, 10 were found relevant to the treatment of pediatric PTSD following single-incident trauma. The modalities of treatment most frequently reported in this context were cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), and play therapy. As a whole, CBT studies were methodologically more rigorous, used manualized, reproducible treatment, and were group, school-based therapies. EMDR treatments were usually short and individual. Most studies showed statistically significant improvement but were still methodologically lacking. We conclude that research on the subject of treatment for pediatric PTSD following single-incident trauma constitutes a neglected part of the study of pediatric PTSD. This stands in contrast to the obvious prevalence of this type of trauma. We encourage future research that will address issues such as clarifying the role of pharmacotherapy, comparing different modes of treatment, dismantling treatment "packages", researching developmentally sensitive treatments, conducting long-term follow-up, and comparing different PTSD populations. [Author Abstract]
Keywords: Adolescents Case Studies Cognitive Therapy Literature Review Pediatric Play Therapy Psychotherapy Review School Age Children PTSD Stressors Survivors Treatment Effectiveness
Accuracy Verified: Yes
50. Mevissen, L., & de Jongh, A. (2010). PTSD and its treatment in people with intellectual disabilities: A review of the literature. Clinical Psychological Review, 30(3), 308-316. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2009.12.005.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Although there is evidence to suggest that people with intellectual disabilities (ID) are likely to suffer from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), reviews of the evidence base, and the potential consequences of this contention are absent. The purpose of this article is to present a comprehensive account of the literature on prevalence, assessment, and treatment of PTSD in people with ID. Some support was found for the notion that people with ID have a predisposition to the development of PTSD. Differences in comparison with the general population may consist of the expression of symptoms, and the interpretation of distressing experiences, as the manifestation of possible PTSD seems to vary with the level of ID. Since reliable and valid instruments for assessing PTSD in this population are completely lacking, there are no prevalence data on PTSD among people with ID. Nine articles involve treatment of PTSD in people with ID. Interventions reported involve those aimed to establish environmental change, the use of medication and psychological treatments (i.e., cognitive behavioral therapy, EMDR and psychodynamic based treatments). Case reports suggest positive treatment effects for various treatment methods. Development of diagnostic instruments for assessment of PTSD symptomatology in this population is required, as it could facilitate further research on its prevalence and treatment. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Assessment Intellectual disability (ID) Learning Disabilities Mental retardation (MR) Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Prevalence Psychological trauma Trauma treatment
Accuracy Verified: Yes
51. van der Gaag, M., van der Vleugel, B., van den Berg, D., de Bont, P., de Jongh, A., & van Minnen, A. (2011, August-September). A randomized multicentered trial of trauma focused treatment of psychotic patients with PTSD in the Netherlands; design and research questions. In Treating PTSD in patients with psychotic disorders. Symposium conducted at the 41st EABCT Annual Congress, Reykjavík, Iceland .
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Objectives: The prevalence of postraumatic stress disorder
(PTSD) in severe mental illness varies from 10 to 60% is the
published literature. Probably between 10 to 20% of lifetime
psychotic patients, also meet the criteria for having a PTSD. There
is not much evidence for the efficacy and safeness of treatment in
patients with a lifetime psychotic disorder who also meet the
criteria for PTSD. Some pilot studies show promising results.
Method: A study is designed to investigate whether treatment of
PTSD is effective and safe in a group of people with a psychotic
disorder? A multi-site randomised clinical trial with 80 patients
Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) versus
80 patients Prolonged Exposure (PEx) versus 80 patients
Treatment as Usual/Waiting list (TAU) is now being performed to
answer these research questions. The outcome measures in this
study are: Primary: Posttraumatic stress disorder (diagnose and
severity) Secundary: psychosis, depression, adverse events.
Moderators en mediators of treatment success. Cost-effectiveness
will be assessed and expressed in Euro per gained Quality
Adjusted Life Years. If no effectivity can be demonstrated, a costminimalisation
calculation will be made.
Results: Therapist have been trained in EMDR and in PEx during
eight days. Therapies are closely supervised an monitored during
the study. Fidelity measures are collected from a rond sample of
sessions.
Conclusions and Discussion: Pilots have been promising in
showing effective treatment for PTSD without any adverse events
or worsening of the condition in psychotic patients with a chronic
course. If this study can demonstrate effectivesness and safety,
this can change the treatment for many patients with severe
mental illness and reduce suffering from symptoms of PTSD and
probably also the burden of psychotic symptoms can be reduced
in a subsample of the patients.
Keywords: Netherlands Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Psychotic Disorders Symposium
Accuracy Verified: Yes
52. Leserman, J. (2005). Sexual abuse history: Prevalence, health effects, mediators, and psychological treatment. Psychosomatic Medicine, 67(6), 906-915. doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000188405.54425.20.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Objective: Lifetime history of sexual abuse is estimated to range between 15% and 25% in the general female population. People
who are sexually abused are at greater risk for a whole host of physical health disorders that may occur many years after the abusive
incident(s). Despite the high prevalence of this trauma and its association with poor health status, abuse history often remains hidden
within the context of medical care. The aims of this review are to determine which specific health disorders have been associated
with sexual abuse in both women and men, to outline the types of sexual abuse associated with the worst health outcome, to discuss
some possible explanations and mediators of the abuse/health relationship, to discuss when and how to talk about abuse within a
clinical setting, and to present evidence for which psychological treatments have been shown to improve the mental health of
patients with past sexual abuse. Method: To meet these objectives, we have reviewed a wide literature on the topic of sexual abuse.
Results: We demonstrate that abuse appears to be related to greater likelihood of headache and gastrointestinal, gynecologic, and
panic-related symptoms; that the poor health effects associated with abuse are also seen in men; that abuse involving penetration
and multiple incidents appears to be the most harmful, and that exposure-type therapies with and without cognitive behavioral
therapy hold promise for those with abuse history. Conclusion: We need more research examining psychological treatments that
might be efficacious in treating the physical health problems associated with sexual abuse history.
Keywords: HMO Health Maintenance Organization HPA Hypothalamic-Pituitaryadrenocortical Review Posttraumatic Stress DIsorder PTSD Sexual Abuse Trauma
Accuracy Verified: Yes
53. Chivers-Wilson, K. A. (2006). Sexual assault and posttraumatic stress disorder: A review of the biological, psychological and sociological factors and treatments. McGill Journal of Medicine, 9(2), 111-118.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Sexual assault occurs with alarming frequency in Canada. The prevalence of
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in assault survivors is drastically higher than the national
prevalence of the disorder, which is a strong indication that the current therapies for sexualassault-
related PTSD are in need of improvement. Increasing knowledge and understanding of the
pathologies associated with rape trauma in biological, psychological and sociological domains will
help to develop more effective treatments for survivors. A dysregulation of the Hypothalamic-
Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis is observed in survivors of sexual assault and this may be a
fundamental cause of the structural and functional abnormalities contributing to PTSD symptoms.
Pharmacotherapies are available to treat PTSD; however, they are often inadequate or unwanted
by the survivor. Psychological health is compromised following interpersonal trauma and many
psychological therapies are available, but with varying efficacy. A person's cognitions have a
dramatic effect on the onset, severity, and progress of PTSD following sexual assault. Sociological
impacts of assault influence the development of PTSD through victim-blaming attitudes and the
perpetuation of rape myths. Perceived positive regard and early social support is shown to be
important to successful recovery. Education is vital in rape prevention and to foster a supportive
environment for survivors. The biological, psychological and sociological impacts and treatments
should not remain mutually exclusive. A better appreciation of the biopsychosocial repercussions
of sexual assault will aid in developing a more holistic and individualized therapy to help alleviate
the physical and emotional pain following the trauma of rape.
Keywords: Pharmacotherapy Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Sexual Assault Trauma
Accuracy Verified: Yes
54. de Roos, C., & de Jongh, A. (2006). Slikken of stikken - EMDR bij kinderen en jongeren met een slikfobie [Do or die - EMDR in children and adolescents with a mud phobia]. Kinder- & Jeugdpsychotherapie, 33(3), 83-102.
Language: Dutch
Format: Journal
Abstract:
In de kindertijd zijn ontwikkelingsgerelateerde angsten normaal. Wanneer een
angst echter aanhoudt en uitgelokt wordt door de aanwezigheid van of
anticipatie op een bepaald voorwerp of een specifieke situatie spreekt men van
een specifieke fobie (American Psychiatric Association, 2003). De in de
literatuur gerapporteerde prevalentiepercentages lopen nogal uiteen en variëren
van 1,7 tot 16 procent, maar de meeste studies komen uit op een percentage
tussen de 7 en 9 procent (Silverman & Moreno, 2005).
In childhood development-related fears are normal. When a
But fear persists and is triggered by the presence or
anticipation of a certain object or a particular situation is called
a specific phobia (American Psychiatric Association, 2003). In the
literature reported prevalence rates vary considerably, ranging
from 1.7 to 16 percent, but most studies come up with a percentage
between 7 and 9 percent (Silverman & Moreno, 2005).
Keywords: Adolescents Children Mud Phobia
Accuracy Verified: Yes
55. Zampieri, A. J., & Filho, J. M. (2012, Novembro). Tratamento de disfunção erétil com EMDR: Estudo comparativo [Treatment of erectile dysfunction with EMDR: A comparative study]. In comunicações de pesquisa. Apresentação no II Congresso Brasileiro de EMDR, Brasília, Brasil.
Language: Portuguese
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Introdução: A prevalência da disfunção sexual masculina em suas várias formas atinge a faixa de quase 90% em alguma fase da vida. Dentre elas, a Disfunção Erétil afeta aspectos primordiais do homem e pode ter sua origem em causas psicológicas, físicas ou mistas. Notam-se investimentos científicos para uma melhor compreensão e tratamento desses transtornos, nem sempre bem sucedidos. Objetivou-se no presente projeto comparar casos diagnosticados e encaminhados por médico urologista, em tratamento de disfunção erétil, sendo um grupo tratado com o método do EMDR, e outro tratado exclusivamente pelo médico. Os pacientes serão submetidos a uma entrevista estruturada e testes antes e após o tratamento. Método: Estudo comparativo de dois grupos com diagnóstico médico de disfunção erétil, submetidos ao tratamento médico. O grupo estudo será tratado com EMDR e o controle, apenas pelo médico. Antes e ao final do tratamento responderão a inventários de Beck para Ansiedade, depressão e desesperança além de um questionário mais específico sobre sua disfunção sexual, o Índice Internacional de Função Erétil (IIFE). Resultados: Projeto em andamento.
Introduction: The prevalence of male sexual dysfunction in its various forms reaches the age of almost 90% in some stage of life. Among them, Erectile Dysfunction affects key aspects of the man and may have its origin in causes psychological, physical or mixed. Note the scientific investments to better understanding and treatment of these disorders, not always successful. The objective of this project is to compare cases diagnosed and referred by the urologist in treating erectile dysfunction, one group treated with EMDR method and handled exclusively by another doctor. Patients will undergo a structured interview and tests before and after treatment. Methods: A comparative study of two groups with a medical diagnosis of erectile dysfunction, undergoing medical treatment. The study group will be treated with EMDR and control, just by the doctor. Before and after the treatment of inventories to respond to Beck Anxiety, depression and hopelessness as well as a more specific questionnaire about their sexual dysfunction, International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). Results: Project in progress.
Keywords: Beck Depression Inventory Comparative Study Erectile Dysfunction
Accuracy Verified: Yes
56. van den Berg, D. P. G., van der Vleugel, B., & Staring, A. (2010, December). Trauma, psychose, PTSS en de toepassing van EMDR [Trauma, psychosis, PTSD and the use of EMDR]. Directieve Therapie, 30(4), 303-328. doi:10.1007/s12433-010-0242-9.
Language: Dutch
Format: Journal
Abstract:
In dit artikel beschrijven wij drie interacties tussen trauma, psychose en PTSS:
1. Veel patiënten met psychosen hebben in hun leven traumatiserende ervaringen
meegemaakt. Deze traumata spelen vaak een belangrijke rol in hun psychosen en in het
ontstaan hiervan.
2. Het meemaken van een psychose en de psychiatrische behandeling zijn voor veel
patiënten levensechte en traumatische ervaringen, die kunnen leiden tot posttraumatische
stressklachten.
3. Vaak komen psychosen en een posttraumatische stressstoornis gezamenlijk voor, waarbij
er sprake is van negatieve wederzijdse beïnvloeding en voortgaande traumatisering.
Deze drie interacties hebben een hoge klinische relevantie. Er is in de praktijk van de zorg voor
patiënten met psychosen echter weinig aandacht voor traumatisering en comorbide PTSS.
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is een behandelmethode die
effectief is bij de behandeling van traumata en PTSS. Wij beschrijven per genoemde interactie een
behandeling waarbij EMDR is ingezet. Daarna bespreken wij een aantal factoren die een EMDRbehandeling
bij patiënten met psychosen kunnen bemoeilijken, zoals doorlopende traumatisering
door psychotische klachten, cognitieve beperkingen, moeite met oogbewegingen, belemmeringen
door antipsychotische medicatie en verminderde affectieve expressie. Wij sluiten het artikel af met
het advies om in de zorg voor mensen met psychosen aandacht te hebben voor trauma en
comorbide PTSS, en patiënten hier ook voor te behandelen.
In this article we describe three interactions between trauma, psychosis and PTSD:
1. Many patients suffering from psychosis have been traumatized. This trauma often plays
an important role in their psychosis and the onset thereof.
2. Having a psychosis and being treated in a psychiatric hospital are traumatic experiences
for a lot of patients, and can lead to posttraumatic stress symptoms; and
3. Often psychoses and post-traumatic stress disorder occur jointly, reciprocally influencing
one another and leading to ongoing traumatization.
These interactions have a great clinical relevance. In the practice of care for patients with
psychosis however there is little attention for traumatization and co-morbid PTSD. EMDR is a
treatment approach that is effective in treating traumas and PTSD. Per interaction mentioned
above we describe a treatment in which EMDR was used. After this we discuss certain factors that
may complicate an EMDR treatment in patients with psychosis, such as ongoing traumatization by
psychotic symptoms, cognitive impairments, difficulty with eye movements, barriers due to antipsychotic
medication, and diminished emotional expression.
We end the article with the advise to be aware of the high prevalence of trauma and co-morbid
PTSD in the care for patients with psychosis and to treat patients for these complaints.
Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychosis PTSD Trauma
Accuracy Verified: Yes
57. Kavakcı, Ö., Yildirim, O., & Swan, N. (2010). Travma sonrası stres bozukluğu ve sınav kaygısı için EMDR: Olgu sunumu [EMDR for post traumatic stress disorder and test anxiety: A case report]. Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi, 13(1), 42-47.
Language: Turkish
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Travma sonrası stres bozukluğu (TSSB) gelişmesine yol açan etkenlerden biri de trafik kazalarıdır ve Türkiye'de oldukça yaygındır. Göz hareketleri ile duyarsızlaştırma ve yeniden işleme (EMDR) son yıllarda özellikle travma sonrası stres bozukluğunda (TSSB) etkili olduğu gösterilmiş bir yaklaşımdır. Sınav kaygısı; öğrenciler için sıklıkla akademik alanda performans düşüklüğü ve psikolojik problemlerle birlikte olan önemli bir sorundur. Sınav kaygısı olanlar; değerlendirileceği zaman gerilim, endişe ve santral sinir sisteminin aşırı uyarılmasını içeren istenmeyen bir durum yaşarlar. Endişe içeren tekrarlayıcı düşünceler, kendini eleştiren felaketleştirici düşünceler, fizyolojik uyarılmışlık ve belirgin duygusal sıkıntı sınav kaygısına eşlik eder. Sınavlarla ilgili olumsuz deneyimler sınav kaygısının oluşmasına neden olabilmektedir. Sınav kaygısının tedavisi için çeşitli psikoterapi yöntemlerinin yararlı olduğu bildirilmiştir. Sınav kaygısı tedavisinde EMDR denediğini bildiren az sayıda yayın vardır. Bu çalışmada trafik kazası sonrası TSSB gelişen ve EMDR uygulanması sonucunda iyileşen 17 yaşında bir olgu sunulmuştur. TSSB belirtilerinin düzelmesinin ardından üniversite giriş sınavı ile ilgili yoğun korku ve kaygı bildiren hastada, bu kaygının önceki olumsuz sınav yaşantıları ile ilişkili olduğu belirlenmiş, bu yaşantılarına yönelik EMDR tedavisi sonunda sınav kaygısı belirtilerinde belirgin düzelme görülmüştür.
Prevalence of traffic accidents is very high in Turkey and traffic accidents are one of the underlying reasons of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a new therapeutic method which is effective for PTSD. Test anxiety is a significant problem for students which leads to a decline in academic performance and cause severe psychological problems. People with test anxiety experience undesirable symptoms like tension, worry and overstimulation of the central nervous system when they are under evaluation. Recurrent worried, self-critical and catastrophic thoughts and physiologic arousal accompany test anxiety. Negative experiences about examinations can lead to test anxiety. Various psychoterapeutic approaches have been reported that are beneficial in the treatment of test anxiety. Few publications have reported trial of EMDR in the treatment of test anxiety. We describe a 17 year-old girl who had PTSD following a traffic accident and who was treated by EMDR. After treatment of PTSD, the girl reported intense fear and anxiety about the university entrance examination. This anxiety was associated with negative experiences about previous examinations. EMDR treatment focused on these negative experiences and significant improvement was obtained.
Keywords: Case Report Posttraumatic Stress Disorer PTSD Test Anxiety Traffic Accidents
Accuracy Verified: Yes
58. Kavakci, O., Yildirim, O., & Kugu, N. (2010). Travma sonrasý stres bozukluðu ve sýnav kaygýsý için EMDR: Olgu sunumu [EMDR for postraumatic stress disorder and test anxiety: A case report]. Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi[Journal of Clinical Psychology], 13(1), 42-47.
Language: Turkish
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Travma sonrası stres bozukluğu (TSSB) gelişmesine yol açan etkenlerden biri de trafik kazalarıdır ve Türkiye'de oldukça yaygındır. Göz hareketleri ile duyarsızlaştırma ve yeniden işleme (EMDR) son yıllarda özellikle travma sonrası stres bozukluğunda (TSSB) etkili olduğu gösterilmiş bir yaklaşımdır. Sınav kaygısı; öğrenciler için sıklıkla akademik alanda performans düşüklüğü ve psikolojik problemlerle birlikte olan önemli bir sorundur. Sınav kaygısı olanlar; değerlendirileceği zaman gerilim, endişe ve santral sinir sisteminin aşırı uyarılmasını içeren istenmeyen bir durum yaşarlar. Endişe içeren tekrarlayıcı düşünceler, kendini eleştiren felaketleştirici düşünceler, fizyolojik uyarılmışlık ve belirgin duygusal sıkıntı sınav kaygısına eşlik eder. Sınavlarla ilgili olumsuz deneyimler sınav kaygısının oluşmasına neden olabilmektedir. Sınav kaygısının tedavisi için çeşitli psikoterapi yöntemlerinin yararlı olduğu bildirilmiştir. Sınav kaygısı tedavisinde EMDR denediğini bildiren az sayıda yayın vardır. Bu çalışmada trafik kazası sonrası TSSB gelişen ve EMDR uygulanması sonucunda iyileşen 17 yaşında bir olgu sunulmuştur. TSSB belirtilerinin düzelmesinin ardından üniversite giriş sınavı ile ilgili yoğun korku ve kaygı bildiren hastada, bu kaygının önceki olumsuz sınav yaşantıları ile ilişkili olduğu belirlenmiş, bu yaşantılarına yönelik EMDR tedavisi sonunda sınav kaygısı belirtilerinde belirgin düzelme görülmüştür.
Prevalence of traffic accidents is very high in Turkey and traffic accidents are one of the underlying reasons of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a new therapeutic method which is effective for PTSD. Test anxiety is a significant problem for students which leads to a decline in academic performance and cause severe psychological problems. People with test anxiety experience undesirable symptoms like tension, worry and overstimulation of the central nervous system when they are under evaluation. Recurrent worried, self-critical and catastrophic thoughts and physiologic arousal accompany test anxiety. Negative experiences about examinations can lead to test anxiety. Various psychoterapeutic approaches have been reported that are beneficial in the treatment of test anxiety. Few publications have reported trial of EMDR in the treatment of test anxiety. We describe a 17 year-old girl who had PTSD following a traffic accident and who was treated by EMDR. After treatment of PTSD, the girl reported intense fear and anxiety about the university entrance examination. This anxiety was associated with negative experiences about previous examinations. EMDR treatment focused on these negative experiences and significant improvement was obtained.
Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Test Anxiety
Accuracy Verified: Yes
59. Marcus, S. (2007, June). Treating headaches with EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Headaches are the most common pain-related complaint and the seventh leading ailment seen in medical practice. Yearly, over 35% of the population is affected by tension-type headaches. Migraine headaches are a common condition with one-year prevalence rates around 15%. Prevalence rates generally peak in the third and fourth decades but for many migraines become a chronic condition requiring a lifetime of treatment.
Migraine sufferers are frequently disabled during their acute attacks. A 2001 study found that 90% of migraineurs reported functional impairment. 53% required bed rest and nearly 30% missed 1 day of work or school within a 3-month period. Migraine in the USA results in 112 million bedridden days per year. The cost of the migraine to the total American work force is estimated at $13 billion per year in missed work days and lost productivity. Direct medical costs (i.e., MD office visits, prescription medication claims, and hospitalizations) for migraine care average $1 billion annually. Clouse & Osterhaus (1994) found that migraineurs generate twice the medical claims and two times the pharmacy claims in HMO’s when compared to patients without migraines.
Considering the sheet number of individuals afflicted with migraine and tension headaches, the societal impact with increased medical costs, lost work days, and reduced productivity represent a major public health concern.
The pharmacologic therapies have long been the most common and widely used method of treating headaches. Unfortunately, pharmacologic treatments are ineffective or inadequate for a sizeable number of patients. One third of patients participating in clinical trials with oral triptans fail to respond. Moreover, fewer than half become pain-free, which is the primary efficacy measure recommended by the International Headache Society. Reasons for considering an EMDR treatment for migraine and tension headaches are patient preferences for non-pharmacologic interventions, pregnancy, planned pregnancy or nursing, deficient stress coping skills, medication rebound, patient overuse of medications, medical contraindications, and poor medication tolerance.
In view of the state of the art of current headache treatment an EMDR approach that can eliminate severe headache pain in less time than an oral medication (20 to 30 min) and within 5 to 10 sessions may reduce frequency, duration and intensity of future headaches could result in a decrease in medication utilization, physician visits and overall medical costs, with an improvement in patient satisfaction. This would be a welcome addition to current headache treatments.
This workshop will employ lecture, demonstration and actual practice of an integrated EMDR approach. The purpose of this teaching strategy is to prepare you for clinical practice. Objectives include understanding headache etiology, headache trigger identification, threshold theory, training in the EMDR protocol used in Dr. Marcus’s migraine research, discussion of protocol utilization in clinical practice, informed consent, transference issues, and discussion of the role of provider when deploying this approach. This workshop is for advanced EMDR practitioners but previous experience in headache treatment is not required.
Keywords: Headaches Health Problems Illness Pain
Accuracy Verified: Yes
60. Armstrong, M. (1998). Treating trauma with focusing and EMDR. The Folio: A Journal for Focusing and Experiential Therapy, 17(1), 23-30.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
"..at least 20% of American women and 5% of American men have experienced some form of sexual abuse in childhood.. without regard to race, ethnicity, or socioeconomic status."
(APA Working Group on Investigation of Memories of Childhood Abuse - Final Report, 1996 p.20)
This statement from the American Psychological Association gives a conservative estimate for the prevalence of child sexual abuse in our society. In Canada, the federal government commissioned the 1984 Badgley Report on Sexual Offences Against Children and Youth. It found that as many as one in two females and one in three males under the age of 21 years reported experiencing some sort of unwanted sexual touching by a perpetrator older than themselves. Yet, thirty years ago child abuse was considered rare. Child sexual abuse was thought to be practically non-existent. Child psychiatrists had never heard of it. There was nothing in the academic literature and there were no statistics or studies available about this unacknowledged endemic problem. (Steed, 1994.)
Keywords: Focusing
Accuracy Verified: Yes
61. Wetherell, J. L. (1998, Winter). Treatment of anxiety in older adults. Psychotherapy, 35(4), 444-458. doi:10.1037/h0087745.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Although late life anxiety is common and appears to have potentially serious consequences, older adults generally underutilize mental health services. This article is a broad review of psychological literature that addresses the prevalence, consequences, and psychological treatment of anxiety in older adults. Psychological treatments, including relaxation, cognitive-behavioral therapy, psychodynamic therapy, and life review, are explored as alternatives to pharmacological approaches to treatment of anxiety. Several anxiety associated conditions are discussed: dementia, depression, phobias, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and PTSD. Case histories illustrate the effectiveness of psychological intervention for treatment of anxiety in the elderly. Included is a comprehensive list of manuals for anxiety treatment procedures. [Author Abstract]
Keywords: Aged Anxiety Disorders Behavior Modification Cognitive Therapy Depressive Disorders Drug Therapy Health Care Utilization Literature Review Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy Stressors Survivors Treatment Effectiveness
Accuracy Verified: Yes
62. Russell, M. C. (2012, February 5). Underestimating the true prevalence of war stress injury in the military. Huffington Post. Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/mark-c-russell-phd-abpp/ptsd-military-_b_1250227.html on 2/5/2012.
Language: English
Format: Other
Abstract:
Media and official reports on prevalence rates of military war stress injury have focused almost exclusively on escalating rates of well-known war stress injuries such as PTSD, depression, generalized anxiety, substance abuse, and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Take a look at some of this week's headlines:
•Michelle Obama Tackling PTSD Treatment For Veterans
•Veteran PTSD: Lawmakers Want Audit Of Wait Times For Appointments
However, the true impact from war trauma cannot be reduced to a handful of psychiatric diagnoses, as some may want. It is a well-established, albeit uncomfortable, and conveniently ignored historical, medical and scientific fact that human adaptation to uncontrollable, unpredictable and potentially traumatic stress "causes" or significantly contributes to a wide-range of neurobiological, physical, cognitive, emotional and behavioral changes that, when chronic and/or severe enough, will inevitably cause significant physiological alterations in the brain-mind-body, eventually leading to physical and/or psychological breakdown. It's not just me saying it. [Excerpt]
Keywords: Blog Military Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Veterans War
Accuracy Verified: Yes
63. McFarlane, A. (2010, June). Understanding traumatic stress reactions - The linking of phenomenology, aetiology and treatment plan. Preconference presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
One of the most intriguing aspects of traumatic stress has been the repeated learning and forgetting of lessons about its importance as a cause of psychopathology. It remains the case that the broader body of psychiatry and psychology has an ambivalent relationship with the field of traumatic stress and the nature of posttraumatic stress disorder. The origins of this ambivalence and their impact will be discussed. It is important that practitioners in the field of traumatic stress be aware of these barriers and how to address them in a research setting and clinical practice.
The underlying phenomenology of posttraumatic stress disorder will be explored and its neurobiological origins will be highlighted. It is important to deconstruct posttraumatic stress disorder into the different symptom components, as they have substantially different mechanisms underpinning their intensity and presentation. Posttraumatic stress disorder is a dynamic condition in which symptoms fluctuate with time and are substantially influenced by the environmental demands placed upon the individual.
It is often forgotten that somatic symptoms are a core element of the experience of individuals with PTSD. The nature of these somatic dimensions of distress and their significance will be discussed.
The epidemiology of posttraumatic stress disorder highlights how the prevalence of these conditions is seemingly increasing. However, this reflects the developments in the measurement of the effects of trauma in research settings. This has major implications for clinicians as to how best take a history about exposures to traumatic events. The evidence is that systematic investigation is critical and that unless questions are asked, symptoms will frequently go unreported. Recent evidence suggests that PTSD may be in fact more common than major depressive disorders. Equally, it should not be forgotten that depression is an important dimension of posttraumatic reactions. There is also an associated comorbidity with substance abuse. The risks associated with trauma exposure have a long tale of effect and these will be described.
The challenges of treatment will be discussed in the context of early intervention and workplace intervention. Treatment needs to be a sequential process where there are a variety of strategies, including EMDR, which can be used in treatment. The sequence of these strategies in treatment is a challenging question that has not been systematically addressed in research.
It remains the case that one of the primary issues in treatment is early identification, and this raises questions about the importance of screening in at-risk populations. Again, there are significant differences in opinion; however, the militaries around the world are now regularly screening populations returning from deployment. A recent novel approach to considering the issues of treatment is whether a staging approach should be used for conditions such as PTSD.
In summary, it is critical that clinicians have an explicit model of the mind and its neurobiology. Posttraumatic stress disorder can best be understood as an information processing disorder, which both impacts upon an individual's ability to engage with their day to day environment as well as integrate past experiences as a source of information to influence current behaviour. The integration and modulation of neural systems that manage environmental input is critical to adaptive functioning. The ways that these systems become dysregulated in PTSD will be highlighted and how these underlying deficits can be addressed in treatment will be focused upon.
A further issue that needs to be considered in the treatment of PTSD is the long-term risk of individuals, who have developed this condition, to have relapses after a successful intervention. Some long-term treatment outcome data will be presented.
Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Traumatic Stress
Accuracy Verified: Yes
64. Wadaa, N. N., Zaharim, N. M., & Alqashan, H. F. (2010, April). The use of EMDR in treatment of traumatized Iraqi children. Digest of Middle East Studies, 19(1), 26-36. doi:10.1111/j.1949-3606.2010.00003.x.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
The purpose of this article is to determine the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among Iraqi children and the effectiveness of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) treatment in traumatized Iraqi children. The participants in the present study were Iraqi children, ages 7-12; mean age 10.17 years. There were 29 boys and 31 girls who immigrated to Malaysia during the recent war in Iraq. Those children were assessed for PTSD. Following the assessment, 37 children were assigned to two groups: 12 to the experimental group and 25 to the control group. The 12 children in the experimental group were treated with EMDR and were compared with the 25 children in the control group. This was done in order to determine the effectiveness of EMDR in reducing PTSD symptoms among traumatized children. UCLA PTSD DSM-IV (Revision 1) was used to determine the prevalence of PTSD among Iraqi children. The results suggested that EMDR was effective in reducing PTSD symptoms.[Author abstract]
Keywords: Children Iraq Non-Randomized Study Trauma
Accuracy Verified: Yes
65. de Jongh, A., Holmshaw, M., Carswell, W., & van Wijk, A. (2011, March-APril). Usefulness of a trauma-focused treatment approach for travel phobia. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 18(2), 124-37. doi:10.1002/cpp.680.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Despite its prevalence and potential impact on functioning, there are surprisingly little data regarding the treatment responsiveness of travel phobia. The purpose of this non-randomized study was to evaluate the usefulness of a trauma-focused treatment approach for travel phobia, or milder travel anxiety arising as a result of a road traffic accident. Trauma-focused Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (TF-CBT), and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing were used to treat a sample of 184 patients, who were referred to a psychological rehabilitation provider. Patients in both treatment groups were encouraged to encounter their feared objects and situations between sessions. Specific (i.e., travel) phobia was diagnosed in 57% of cases. Patients in both treatment conditions showed equally large, and clinically significant, decreases in symptoms as indexed by three validated measures (Impact of Event Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and General Health Questionnaire), therapist ratings of treatment outcome, and a return to driving or travelling by car or motorbike. These improvements were obtained within an average course of 7.3 sessions of 1 hour each. Patients with travel phobia responded with a greater reduction of anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms than those with milder travel anxiety. Passengers reported higher levels of trauma symptoms than drivers, but no difference in effectiveness of treatment was found between these groups. The results suggest that trauma-focused psychological interventions can be a treatment alternative for patients with travel anxiety. Given the seriousness of the clinical problems related to road traffic accidents more rigorous outcome research is warranted and needed. Copyright (c) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message: As the literature on the treatment of travel phobia is largely limited to small-n studies, this is the largest naturalistic outcome study of the treatment of patients with fear and avoidance of travel, subsequent to a traumatic event, to date. Travel phobia following road traffic accidents should be regarded as a treatable psychological condition requiring a limited number of sessions. In a significant minority of cases the condition is unlikely to remit spontaneously, potentially disrupting occupational, social and personal adjustment. Besides a purely exposure, in vivo-based approach, a mainly trauma-focused approach, such as imagery exposure or Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, can be an effective intervention for both travel phobia and milder forms of travel anxiety, and for both drivers and passengers.
Keywords: Phobia Travel Phobia
Accuracy Verified: Yes
66. Friday, S. (2005, September). Using EMDR as an intervention for symptom severity in ADD. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Seattle, WA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
This study investigated the intervention effects of EMDR on the trauma and behavior symptom severity of ten children, ages 8 to 11, diagnosed with Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD). ADD is a common childhood disorder with increasing prevalence rates that raise questions concerning overdiagnosis, misdiagnoses, and possible inadequate assessment of primary, comorbid, and diffential diagnoses. ADD and trauma have comorbid symptoms that often inhibit an accurate diagnosis. Accurate assessments for ADD and trauma-related attention problems have important behavioral implications for diagnostic intervention and treatment planning. The purpose of this research was to investigate if a three-phased treatment intervention, including EMDR, would show a reduction in the trauma and behavior symptom severity in children with ADD and trauma symptoms.
Keywords: Attention Deficit Disorder ADD Comorbidity Disruptive Behavior Disorders Elementary School Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD School Age Children Stressors Students Treatment Effectiveness
Accuracy Verified: Yes
67. Friday, S. (2004, September). Using EMDR as an intervention for symptom severity in attention deficit disorder. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Montréal, Ontario Canada.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
This study investigated the intervention effects of Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) on the trauma and behavior symptom severity of ten children, ages 8 to 11, diagnosed with Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD). ADD is a common childhood disorder with increasing prevalence rates that raise questions concerning over diagnoses, misdiagnoses, and possible inadequate assessment, of primary, comorbid and differential diagnoses. Accurate assessments for ADD and trauma related attention problems have important implications for diagnostic intervention and treatment planning. The purpose of this research was to investigate if a three-phased treatment intervention, including EMDR, would show a reduction in the trauma and behavior symptom severity in children with ADD and trauma symptoms.
Keywords: Comorbidity Disruptive Behavior Disorders Elementary School Students Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD School Age Children Stressors Treatment Effectiveness
Accuracy Verified: Yes
68. Friday, S. (2003). Using eye movement desensitization and reprocessing as an intervention for trauma and behavior symptom severity in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Capella University, Minneapolis, MN. AAT 3093820.
Language: English
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract:
This study investigated the intervention effects of Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) on the trauma and behavior symptom severity of 10 children, ages 8 to 11, diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD). ADHD is a common childhood disorder with increasing prevalence rates that raise questions concerning overdiagnoses, misdiagnoses, and possible inadequate assessment of primary, comorbid, and differential diagnoses. Accurate assessments for ADHD and trauma-related attentional problems have important implications for diagnostic intervention and treatment planning. The purpose of this research was to investigate if a three-phased treatment intervention including EMDR, a therapy method proven effective in the reduction of PTSD, would show a reduction in the trauma and behavior symptom severity in children with ADHD and trauma symptoms. Evaluation of the efficacy of EMDR in the treatment of ADHD was examined using a multiple-component case study and a repeated measure design for evidence of trauma. Two of the three treatment phases were randomly adjusted from one to three sessions in length, with the intervention method, EMDR, remaining constant for a total of three sessions. Outcome measures were the Subjective Units of Disturbance Scale (SUDS), the Behavioral Assessment of Children Scales (BASC), (teacher and parent forms), and repeated assessments of trauma using the Lifetime Incidence of Traumatic Events Scales (LITE-P&S, parent and student forms), the Child and Parent Reports of Post-Traumatic Symptoms Scales (PROPS & CROPS), and the Problem Rating Scales (PRS). The results from quantitative analysis suggested that the intervention method incorporating EMDR affected a decrease in Externalizing and Internalizing behavior symptom severity and trauma symptom severity in the ADHD children that were studied. Qualitative data suggested that trauma and behavioral symptom severity decreased as a result of the intervention method incorporating EMDR. The results underscore the need for further research to distinguish between the symptom presentation of ADHD and comorbid trauma and behavioral symptoms. A continuous refining of the method of diagnosis and determination of the comorbid disorders is warranted. [Author Abstract]
Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 64(6-B), 2003, pp. 2901
Keywords: Comorbidity Disruptive Behavior Disorders Elementary School Students Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Empirical Study Quantitative Study School Age Children Stressors Treatment Effectiveness
Accuracy Verified: Yes
69. Keenan, L. (2010, July). The utilisation of EMDR and peri-natal PTSD: Themes and interweaves. Presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
For most people child birth is a time for celebration and joy. However, for some women it can prove a harrowing and
traumatising experience. This may result in mothers developing “Peri-Natal Post Traumatic Stress Disorder” (P.N. P.T.S.D.)
(Slade 2006). The reported prevalence of P.T.S.D. after childbirth ranges from 1.5% to 6% (Beck 2004). However there is a lack
of awareness of this issue, encompassing all health care professionals (General Practioners, Health Visitors, Obstetricians
and non-specialist Psychiatrists) (Robinson 2003). This can lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment being offered
(Czarnocka and Slade 2000). This paper will critically examine some of the common themes associated with PN-PTSD. It will
explore how EMDR can and should be used as an effective treatment intervention, focussing on the use of specific cognitive
interweaves (Madrid, Skolek & Shapiro 2007) and finally suggesting future research initiatives in this area.
Keywords: Interweaves Peri-Natal Posttraumatic Stress DIsorder PTSD Themes
Accuracy Verified: Yes
70. Cox, R. P., & Howard, M. D. (2007, January). Utilization of EMDR in the treatment of sexual addiction: A case study. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 14(1), 1-20. doi:10.1080/10720160601011299 .
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Sexual addiction is strongly anchored in shame and trauma. Research conducted over the last fifteen years has consistently shown the prevalence of emotional, physical, and sexual abuse in this population. The resultant trauma can present as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) has become a leading method of intervention with trauma and PTSD with effective results in an extremely short time. This paper will examine the issues of trauma in the etiology and treatment of sexual addiction. The use of EMDR as a specific intervention will be highlighted through the use of a clinical case study.
Keywords: Addiction Disorders Adult Clinical Case Study Sex Therapy Sexual Addiction
Accuracy Verified: Yes
71. van der Hart, O. (2012, March). Waarom kennis van dissociatie en de dissociatieve stoornissen noodzakelijk is in EMDR-therapie [Why knowledge of dissociation and dissociative disorders is necessary in EMDR therapy]. Keynote presentatie op de 6e congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Arnhem, Nederland.
Language: Dutch
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Vroeger of laat moeten EMDR-therapeuten mensen met een traumagerelateerde dissociatieve stoornis in behandeling krijgen. De prevalentie van DSM-IV dissociatieve stoornissen onder psychiatrische patiënten is ongeveer 10%, waarvan de helft betrekking heeft op de dissociatieve identiteitsstoornis (DIS), dat wil zeggen, de meest complexe dissociatieve stoornis. De prevalentie van de ICD-10 dissociatieve stoornissen van motoriek en zintuiglijke gewaarwording zijn hier niet in mee gerekend, noch andere stoornissen die door dissociatie gekenmerkt worden. De vraag doet zich voor hoe het mogelijk is dat zelfs ervaren therapeuten kunnen opmerken dat ze nimmer patiënten met een dissociatieve stoornis zijn tegen gekomen. Een van de oorzaken is dat psychiatrisch epidemiologisch en klinisch onderzoek nog al te vaak de screening van dissociatieve stoornissen achterwege laat en dat het gezegde “onbekend maakt onbemind” zeker ook op de psychiatrie van toepassing is. Aan de andere kant maken de specialisten op dit terrein niet-ingewijde collega’s niet gemakkelijk. Over de vraag wat onder dissociatie moet worden bestaan, bijvoorbeeld, bestaan enorme meningsverschillen. En waaraan dissociatieve problematiek kan worden afgelezen, wordt evenmin erg duidelijk gemaakt. De doelen van deze presentatie zijn: (1) helderheid verschaffen over dissociatie; (2) het onderscheid laten zien tussen dissociatie van de persoonlijkheid en de manifestaties hiervan; (3) uitleg van de essentie van de theorie van structurele dissociatie; (4) wetenschappelijke evidentie voor dissociatie van de persoonlijkheid weergeven; en (5) laten zien hoe in EMDR-behandelingen van mensen met complexe traumagerelateerde dissociatie van hun persoonlijkheid betrokken moet worden.
Sooner or EMDR therapists should let people with trauma-related dissociative disorder treatment. The prevalence of DSM-IV dissociative disorders among psychiatric patients is approximately 10%, half of which relates to the dissociative identity disorder (DID), ie, the most complex dissociative disorder. The prevalence of ICD-10 dissociative disorders of motor function and sensation are not counted them, or other disorders that are characterized by their cleavage. The question arises how it is possible that even experienced therapists can observe that they never patients with dissociative disorder have encountered. One reason is that psychiatric epidemiological and clinical studies all too often the screening of dissociative disorders is neglected and that the saying "unknown, unloved 'certainly applies to psychiatry. On the other hand, the specialists in this field uninitiated colleagues is not easy. About what should be under dissociation exist, for example, there are enormous differences of opinion. And dissociative problems which can be read, is not very clear. The goals of this presentation are: (1) clarity about dissociation, (2) show the distinction between dissociation of the personality and manifestations, (3) explanation of the essence of the theory of structural dissociation, (4) scientific evidence for dissociation of personality show, and (5) show how EMDR treatments for people with complex trauma-related dissociation of personality should be involved.
Keywords: Dissociation Dissociative Disorders Keynote
Accuracy Verified: Yes
72. Russell, M. C. (2008). War-related medically unexplained symptoms, prevalence, and treatment: Utilizing EMDR within the armed services. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 2(3), 212-225. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.2.3.212.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
The mental health impact of war is often underestimated by military, government, and media officials who focus primarily on well-known conditions like depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) while ignoring the complex toll of modern warfare. These effects are clearly evident in "war syndromes," many of which can be collectively understood as medically unexplained symptoms (MUS). The current study provides a brief historical review of combat-related MUS as well as an analysis of present evidence of a possible "Iraqi War Syndrome." An overview of past and current treatments for combat MUS is followed by a single case study treating an Iraqi war combat veteran with combat-related MUS with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Therapy resulted in significant improvement of the patient's 1-year psychophysical condition and comorbid PTSD. We provide a detailed account of those treatment sessions as well as a discussion of EMDR's potential to simultaneously treat a range of combat-related psychophysical conditions without requiring extensive homework or self-disclosure that some military patients may resist. The results are promising, but they require further research. [Author Abstract]
Keywords: Adults Americans Iraq War Marine Personnel Medically Unexplained Symptoms Military Psychiatry Operation Iraqi Freedom Combat Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Somatic Symptoms Veterans War Syndromes
Accuracy Verified: Yes