Francine Shapiro Library - EMDR Bibliography Links
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1. マギーフィリップス（田中究、穂積由里子、浅田雅子（翻訳） [Maggie Phillips (Tanaka Kiwamu, Hozumi Yuriko, Asada Masako (translators)] (2002). 最新心理療法―EMDR・催眠・イメージ法・TFTの臨床例 [単行本] [Finding the energy to heal: How EMDR, hypnosis, TFT, imagery, and body-focused therapy can help resolve health problems]. 東京：春秋社。 392 pp [Tōkyō: Shunjūsha. 392 pp.].
Language: Japanese
Format: Book
Abstract:
マギー・フィリップス著 ; 田中究監訳 ; 浅田仁子,穂積由 最新心理療法: EMDR・催眠・イメージ法・TFTの臨床例 Saishin shinri ryōhō: Īemudīāru saimin imējihō tīefutī no rinshōrei 春秋社
A groundbreaking book that applies the principles of energy psychology and medicine to mind/body healing. Eastern healing focuses on correcting imbalance so that qi (life force energy) can flow freely again. This book proposes that various therapies can similarly address energies in mind/body systems and restore health. These tools can open inner, healing pathways that have been frozen by stress, trauma, and unresolved developmental issues.
Keywords: Body-Focused Therapy Hypnosis Imagery TFT Thought Field Therapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
2. Koshal, A. (2010, June). The 4-fields-technic in the traumatherapy of complex traumatized and drug-addicted people (in methadone-treatment). In Addictions. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Nowadays several international studies demonstrate
that the problem of drug-addiction is very often found in combination
with complex traumatization in early childhood and
youth. (Felitti. 2903; Kufner et al. 2000; Langeland et al. 2006;
Schmidt, 2000 etc.)
As we all know PTSD and the other trauma symptoms cause a
lot of psychophysical dysregulation. So the psychiatrist Khantrian
postulated already 1985 the "self-medication hypothesis of addictive disorders". Janina Fisher, Trauma Center Boston, 2000, called
this assumed combination of trauma-consequences and drug-addiction,
"compensatory strategies aimed at self-regulation"
In many years of working with drug-addicted people it became
very obvious that a high percentage of this people are using drugs,
for example to calm down after being aggressive, may be caused by an argue: or to reduce strong inner tensions; to sleep without
nightmares, to alleviate the feeling of helplessness and fear etc.
Drugs and alcohol do reduce all the mentioned symptoms for
a while. To learn to cope in another, more adaptive way, the
addicted people need to learn alternatives strategies for a good
functioning self-regulation.
After stabilization, the trauma therapy can start, so the patient
can reduce some of the sources of psychophysiological dysregulation.
Even when the addicted people still get methadone psychotherapy
is possible. Practical experience over a long time.
started 1990, did show a lot of successful treatments and that
methadone does not interfere a traumatherapy.
The 4-Fields-Technic is a special method of EMDR that was
developed by Jarero et al. 1997 in Mexico after a hurricane
disaster. Dorothee Lansch modified the group method into a
therapy-setting for single persons.
For complex traumatized and drug-addicted people this technic
is very helpful. The focus is more easy to keep in mind, - in
front of the eyes. In the 4-Fields-Technic the patient focuses
on a self-painted picture, that represents the worst part of a
trauma experience.
The patient keeps his focus on this picture, combined with bilateral
stimulation, till he feels the picture should be changed.
And so the process is going on till finished.
The participant will be able to learn:
- about the correlation between complex trauma and drug-addiction
- that drug-addicted people who get methadone are able to do
trauma therapy
-the 4-Fieids-Technic as a method to create resources.
Psychotherapy and specially psychotraumatherapy with drug-addicted
people who are as well in a methadone-treatment is for
many therapists still controversial. This presentation will give you
an idea how good it can work, based on various case series.
Keywords: 4-Fields-Technic Complex Trauma Drug Addiciton Methodone Treatment Symposium
Accuracy Verified: Yes
3. Corcoran, M. (2001, July 5). 6-string therapy for Dale. Austin, TX: Austin American-Statesman Starr, Sec. XL ENT.
Language: English
Format: Newspaper
Abstract:
Out of hardship often comes great art. That's the message behind "Every Song I Write Is For You," the album by Dale Watson that hits stores July 24. The hard-core honky-tonker wears his heart on his sleeve -- literally, the sleeve of his CD, which features a picture of Teresa Lynn Herbert, the girlfriend he lost to a car accident Sept. 15. She crashed en route to Houston, where Watson had a gig. He had shut off his cell phone at lunch, and when he turned it back on a couple hours later, the caller ID showed that Herbert had called 13 times. "She had something she really wanted to tell me, but I'll never know what," says Watson, who plays every Monday at Ego's. The singer took the tragedy hard, and on New Year's Eve, he swallowed a handful of pills in a suicide attempt. After being evaluated by a psychiatrist, Watson was diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder and has been undergoing EMDR treatments. "After about 20 minutes, I'd felt like an 800-pound gorilla had been lifted off my shoulders," Watson says of the hypnosis-like therapy said to rejuvenate sleep-deprived patients. "For four months after Teresa's death, I'd relive it every day, all day. My mind was like a needle stuck in the groove of a record." Watson's next release was supposed to be a live album for Audium/KOCH, but he insisted that this "love song album with no apologies" come out first. "It was an easy album to write, but real hard to record."
Keywords: Austin General Overview
Accuracy Verified: Yes
4. Bjick, S. (2001, January-April). Accessing the power in the patient with hypnosis and EMDR, Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis, 43(3-4), 203-216. doi:10.1080/00029157.2001.10404277.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Both Ernest Rossi's ideodynamic accessing model of hypnosis and EMDR are intended to access information stored in the mind-body system. In this paper the author is suggesting that treatment effectiveness can be enhanced by combining these particular models. The similarities and the uniqueness of each method, both theoretically and in terms of the different protocols, are compared to provide a rationale for combining them. Verbatim examples from clinical cases are presented to demonstrate exactly how these models can be usefully combined in clinical practice. [Author Abstract]
Keywords: Hypnotherapy Review Treatment Effectiveness
Accuracy Verified: Yes
5. Benenti, N. (2008). Acercamiento clínico a las investigaciones de Antonio Damasio: la Dicotomía Cuerpo- Mente [Clinical approach to the research of Antonio Damasio: The dichotomy of body-mind]. In P. Solvey & R. C. Ferrazzano de Solvey (Eds.), Terapias de avanzada [Advanced therapies]: Vol. 4, EMDR: Avances en teoria y tecnica [EMDR: Advances in theory and technique] (1st ed) (pp. 185-195). Buenos Aires: TdeA Ediciones.
Language: Spanish
Format: Book Section
Keywords: Antonio Damasio
Accuracy Verified: Yes
6. Huber, M., Siol, T., Herholz, K., Lenz, O., Köhle, K., & Heiss, W. D. (2001, December). Activation of thalamo-cortical systems in post-traumatic flashbacks: A positron emission tomography study. Traumatology, 7(4), 131-141. doi:10.1177/153476560100700402.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Trauma victims with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often experience ‘flashbacks’ that are described as being different from memories of other fearful biographic situations. We used Positron Emission Tomography and Statistical Parametric Mapping to compare in the same subject brain activation patterns during induced flashbacks with recall of fearful non-traumatic situations. During fearful recall there were significant activations of right precuneus. When traumatic memories were compared to neutral, right lingual gyrus, right thalamus / mamillary bodies, and right cerebellum were significantly activated. When brain activation during flashbacks was compared to simple fear, right mediodorsal thalamus (MD), right precuneus, and right cerebellum were significantly more active. With respect to recent experimental evidence concerning the function of thalamo-cortical systems, we hypothesize that post-traumatic flashback experiences are based on hyperactive thalamo-cortical ‘closed loop’ networks.
Keywords: Flashbacks Mediodorsal Thalamus PET Positron Emission Tomography Post-Trauamtic Stress Disorder PTSD Statistical Parameter Mapping Thalamo-Cortical Systems Trauma Victims
Accuracy Verified: Yes
7. Hogberg, G., & Hallstrom, T. (2008). Active multimodal psychotherapy in children and adolescents with suicidality: Description, evaluation and clinical profile. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 13(3), 435-448. doi:10.1177/1359104507088348.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
The aim of this study was to describe and evaluate the clinical pattern of
14 youths with presenting suicidality, to describe an integrative treatment
approach, and to estimate therapy effectiveness. Fourteen patients aged 10
to 18 years from a child and adolescent outpatient clinic in Stockholm were
followed in a case series. The patients were treated with active multimodal
psychotherapy. This consisted of mood charting by mood-maps,
psycho-education, wellbeing practice and trauma resolution. Active
techniques were psychodrama and body-mind focused techniques including eye
movement desensitization and reprocessing. The patients were assessed before
treatment, immediately after treatment and at 22 months post treatment with
the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale. The clinical pattern of the
group was observed. After treatment there was a significant change towards
normality in the Global Assessment of Functioning scale both immediately
post-treatment and at 22 months. A clinical pattern, post trauma suicidal
reaction, was observed with a combination of suicidality, insomnia, bodily
symptoms and disturbed mood regulation. We conclude that in the post trauma
reaction suicidality might be a presenting symptom in young people. Despite
the shortcomings of a case series the results of this study suggest that a
mood-map-based multimodal treatment approach with active techniques might be
of value in the treatment of children and youth with suicidality.
Keywords: Adolescents Children Suicide
Accuracy Verified: Yes
8. Sinici, F., Erden, H. G., & Yurttas, Y. (2009, October). Akut stres bozuklu¤unda bir müdahale tekni¤inin uygulanabilirli¤i: Göz hareketleri ile duyars›zlaflt›rma ve yeniden ‹flleme (EMDR) [Applicability of an intervention technique in acute stress disorder: Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)]. Yeni Symposium Journal, 47(4), 178-186.
Language: Turkish
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Akut stres bozukluğu, Türkiye'de giderek artan ve kişinin hayat kalitesini oldukça bozabilen bir sorundur. Bu konuyla ilgili olarak yapılan çalışmalarda hangi tedavi şeklinin daha yararlı olduğu konusunda kesin bir karara varılamamıştır. Göz Hareketleri ile Duyarsızlaştırma ve Yeniden İşleme [Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing: EMDR] tekniği, travmatik anıların birkaç uygulama oturumunda çözümlenebileceğini ifâde eden bir yaklaşımdır. EMDR oturumlarında hastadan yaşadığı bir travma sahnesi hayâl etmesini, olumsuz benlik imajı, travma ile ilgili olumsuz duyguları ve beden duyumlarını aklında tutması istenmektedir. Hastaya çift taraflı uyarı verilmektedir [gözün sağa sola hareketi, sağ ve sol kulağa verilen ses veya sağ ve sol ele verilen titreşim vb.]. Daha sonra danışana ortaya çıkan görüntü, duygu ve fiziksel duyumları anlatmaktadır. Bu tekrarlanan işlemler hastadaki olumsuz düşünce ve duygular duyarsızlaşıncaya kadar devam etmektedir. Olumsuz duygu ve düşüncelerin yerini olumlu duygu ve düşünceler almaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı hastaların hayat kalitelerini bozan ve travma sonrasındaki ilk 4 hafta içinde aşırı korku, çaresizlik veya duygusal tepkisizlikle beraber, diğer belirtilerin de görülebildiği akut stres bozukluğunun tedavisinde yeni bir yöntem olan ve 2 yıldır aktif olarak uyguladığımız göz hareketleri ile duyarsızlaştırma ve yeniden işleme [EMDR] tekniği konusunda yazılmış literatür bilgilerini gözden geçirerek bu konuda son yaklaşımların ortaya konulmasını sağlamaktır. Bununla birlikte EMDR tekniğinin yaygınlaştırılarak faâl olarak kullanılması hem hastalar hem de uygulayıcılar açısından büyük yararlar sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Acute stress disorder is a syndrome that significantly disturbs the quality of life and has been increasingly observed in Turkey. Although there are many studies on this subject, there is no consensus about the best treatment choice. Eye Movements Desensitization and Reprocessing [EMDR] technique is a novel approach that helps to resolve traumatic memories in a few sessions. In EMDR sessions, patients are asked to think about the trauma scene that has occurred and keep the negative self image and negative feelings about the trauma and bodily feelings in mind. Bilateral stimulation is presented to the patient [right and left movement of the eye, sound to right and left ear and vibration to right and left hand etc]. Later arising images express the feelings and physical sensations. This procedure is repeated until desensitization to negative thought and feelings are achieved. Negative thought and feelings are replaced by positive thought and feelings. Purpose of this study is to review the studies in literature and describe the up-to-date approaches about EMDR technique which is a novel method in treatment of acute stress disorder that disturbs patient quality of life and presents with excessive fear, desperation, emotional desensitization and other symptoms within 4 weeks following the trauma and we have been using this treatment method frequently for more then 2 years. Nevertheless widespread and effective use of EMDR will provide considerable benefit for both patients and the performers.
Keywords: Acute Stress Disorder ASD: Behavior Therapy Emotional Disorder Eye Movement Fear Human Memory Disorder Psychologic Assessment Quality of Life Review Stimulation
Accuracy Verified: Yes
9. Phillips, M. (2002, June). All for one and one for all: Integrating EMDR, ego-state therapy and energy psychology. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Diego, CA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
One of the most challenging barriers to healing from past trauma is the inner conflict triggered by dissociative fragmentation. This workshop
presents several ways of synthesizing ego-state therapy, EMDR and energy psychology methods to resolve competing inner needs and reactions and
promote more integrated functioning within a comprehensive four stage model. Specific protocols incorporating ego-state work, EMDR and
meridian (energy) techniques will be demonstrated and practiced. Special emphasls will be given to the resolution of mind/body symptoms that
interface with trauma.
Keywords: Ego State Therapy Energy Psychology Meridian Therapy Mind/Body
Accuracy Verified: Yes
10. Hartung, J. (2008, April). Alternative psychotherapies and the bodymind phenomena. The Colorado Psychologist Extended Articles.
Language: English
Format: Magazine
Keywords: Alternative Therpaies Body Mind
Accuracy Verified: Yes
11. Miller, E. (1992, December). Anorexia, body image, and self-acceptance. EMDR Network Newsletter, 2(2), 2.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract:
From the ages of 6 to 13, Melody, who
was a gymnast, practiced 6 to 8 hours
per day and was thin, lean, and wiry.
She cut back on her athletics to focus
on schoolwork, but by her senior
year in high school had begun a
dietary regimen to try to regain her
13 year-old body. This was a goal
that seemed healthy in her mind,
had been promoted as healthy by her
exercise-addicted family, and was the
image she saw paid homage to in the
media.
Keywords: Acceptance Anorexia Body Image
Accuracy Verified: Yes
12. Britt, V. J., Diepold, J., & Bender, S. (2008, September). Applying energy psychology methods in the preparation phase of the EMDR eight step protocol. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Phoenix, AZ.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
This workshop will explore and provide an additional means of stabilization and resource for the EMDR preparation phase, as well as expand therapeutic strategies to resolve treatment blocks and stuck processing. Using concepts such as correct polarity and methods like muscle-testing, which come from the emerging field of energy psychology, compromised psycho-energetic activity at the mind-body interface will be demonstrated. These methods can be incorporated into the EMDR preparation phase without compromising the 8 phase protocol.
Keywords: Energy Psychology Preparation Phase
Accuracy Verified: Yes
13. Britt, V., Diepold, J., & Bender, S. (2005, June). Applying energy psychology to treatment blocks in EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Brussels, Belgium.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Although EMDR protocol offers a wide range of strategies to re-start blocked
processing, sometimes these methods do not resolve the impasse and
another perspective may be necessary. This workshop will expand the
concept of blocks-(i.e. blocking beliefs. looping and stuck processing) in
terms of the emerging field of energy psychology. We will demonstrate
what occurs when psycho-energetic activity in the mind-body interface is
compromised and how that can inhibit processing. It will introduce the
concepts and treatment of energetic blocks, muscle testing and polarity
compromise and explore how treatment corrections can be used to neutralize blocks without disrupting the EMDR protocol. Format: Lecture,
demonstration and experiential exercise.
Keywords: Energy Psychology
Accuracy Verified: Yes
14. Gentry, R. H. (1996, February 24). Back and forth on EMDR. Science News, 149(8), 115.
Language: English
Format: Magazine
Abstract:
The first thing to come to mind when reading the article on eye movement desensitization
and reprogramming ("EMDR: Promise and Dissent," SN: 10/21/95, p. 270) is the similarity
between it and REM sleep, when the mind writes its own scenario in a random dream. If EMDR
shows any promise, it may be greatest in sleep research.
Keywords: REM Sleep
Accuracy Verified: Yes
15. Fisher, J. A., Fay, D., & van der Kolk, B. A. (2001, December). Becoming safely embodied: Body-mind approaches to working with complex post-traumatic stress. Presentation at the International Society for the Study of Dissociation, Fall Conference, New Orleans, LA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Keywords: Complex PTSD Mind/Body
Accuracy Verified: No
16. Cotraccia, T. (2010, September/October). Bio-psychosocial adaptive information processing. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR International Association, Minneapolis, MN.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
The role of neurobiological structures in Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) is becoming more understood. This workshop considers specific psychological and social components of the AIP model. Attunement and internal working models of self and world are suggested as additional components of a systemic AIP model. The psychotherapy relationship is conceptualized as a dynamic feedback system modeled after a securely attached caregiver-child dyad. This workshop draws from affective neuroscience, information theory, philosophy of mind and general systems theory to consider how components interact at multiple levels to resolve disturbing life experiences and enhance bio-psychosocial functioning. The additions to the model will be used to highlight clinical phenomenon relevant to EMDR practice.
Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP
Accuracy Verified: Yes
17. Klaus, P. (2007, June). Birth trauma: Causes, effects, methods to heal with EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Clinicians will gain an understanding of the types of
events that create psychological and physiological distress
and trauma both at birth and afterward. Many conditions
have their origin during this early period where generational
messages as well as traumatic events surrounding
birth and the early period of life can have negative effects.
Participants will learn methods to work within the infant
mind/body memory to retrieve early trauma and the subsequent
events that reinforced it as well as facilitate
healing through the life path of the individual. Clinicians
can benefit by recognizing the elements that influence
these situations, and with EMDR and other adjunctive
techniques learn to resolve these very early experiences to
help clients reach a higher level of adaptation for health.
Objectives:
1.Identify the characteristics of traumatic or negative birth
experiences.
2.Recognize the risk factors that affect the birth and can
be projected onto the infant.
3.Identify the effects of early trauma on parent-infant relationships,
bonding, the marital relationship, and on
the infant.
4.Learn about long-term psychological and somatic sequelae
of perinatal trauma on the adult individual.
5.Describe, demonstrate, and practice psychotherapeutic
methods with EMDR to help resolve and heal these experiences.
Keywords: Birth Trauma
Accuracy Verified: Yes
18. Smith, G. (2000, May 2). Blinking great idea. Glasgow, Scotland: Sunday Mail, Features, 1/11 seven days.
Language: English
Format: Newspaper
Abstract:
As we dream, our eyes flicker from side to side - Rapid Eye Movement sleep known as REM - and it may be that the flickering induced by EMDR stimulates the brain into spring- cleaning the negative images that have been deliberately brought to mind.
Keywords: General Glasgow, Scotland Overview
Accuracy Verified: Yes
19. Stewart, K., & Bramson, T. (2001, June). Body journaling as an adjunct to EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Austin, TX.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: I
n this workshop, participants will learn the model of Body Journaling, how it guides the process of mind and body connection, and methods of using Body Journaling with EMDR. This workshop will include an experiential component.
Keywords: Body Journaling
Accuracy Verified: Yes
20. Staff. (2005, January 27). Body over mind - A new book by an area author looks at how our memories cause physical pain--and what can be done about it. New Haven, CT: The New Haven Advocate, Lifestyle, [2 pages].
Language: English
Format: Newspaper
Abstract:
The quest to solve this riddle of her early life is one that Scarf explores through some cutting-edge mind/body therapies that have been successful in pinpointing and alleviating painful memories. Two of these are the EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) therapy, and the PBSP (Pesso Boyden System Psychomotor) approach. EMDR was the accidental finding that emotional distress could be alleviated by rapid back and forth eye movements, a kind of rhythmical "eye-tracking" that tapped into some neuro-physiological place within the body that actually relieved pschological pain. PBSP was the group dynamic that involved support through role playing and acting out a trauma.
Keywords: General New Haven Overview
Accuracy Verified: Yes
21. Korman, S. (2007, June). Body-based interventions for self-reguation and resourcing in the treatment of complex trauma. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
In the clinical treatment of complex trauma, it is important to evaluate a patient’s readiness for trauma processing. This includes recognizing a clinical presentation of complex trauma and an understanding of it etiology. Additionally, it is imperative to understand the effects of trauma on the body system. Pre-mature trauma processing can serve to symptomatically worsen a pervasive pattern of systemic dysregulation. Prior to successful trauma processing, a patient must be able to maintain dual attention, regulate their affect, and tolerate the experience of affective state change. Body-based resourcing and regulatory skills can be utilized by the clinician to increase a patient’s ability to tolerate and more fully integrate pre-frontal lobe cognitive activity with the emotional and sensory experiences resultant of trauma. Strategies from many modalities, such as Dialectic Behavior Therapy, Mindfulness Practices and EMDR Resourcing can be taught to and practiced by the client in preparation for successful regulated integration of traumatic memory.
Keywords: Complex PSTD Creativity Mind/Body Resourcing Self Regulation
Accuracy Verified: Yes
22. Smith, T. (1993, Spring). A case study. EMDR Network Newsletter, 3(1), 19-20.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract:
Following my Level I training, I had a long laundry list of issues that I wanted to tackle with EMDR. Bear in mind that I have received approximately three years of one- to tow-times-per-week talk therapy from three different clinicians ranging in orientation, as well as a complete psychoanalysis four times per week for 4.5 years.
Keywords: Case Study
Accuracy Verified: Yes
23. Leuning, E. (2009). Casus 17 – ‘Dat met die jongen’: Autistische jongen van 16 dringt aan op behandeling seksueel trauma [Case 17 – "That with that boy": Autistic boy of 16 calls for treatment of his sexual trauma]. In H. K. Hornsveld & S. Berendsen (Eds.), Casusboek EMDR, 25 voorbeelden uit de praktijk (1st Ed.), (pp. 251-258). Houten: Bohn Stafleu Van Loghum. doi:10.1007/978-90-313-7358-1_25 .
Language: Dutch
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
Edwin werd op 13-jarige leeftijd opgenomen in de kinderkliniek van het Dr. Leo Kannerhuis (LKH) in verband met zijn stoornis in het autistisch spectrum. Na enkele jaren in de kinderkliniek wordt hij doorgeplaatst naar de jongerenkliniek waar hij, inmiddels 16 jaar oud, behandeling krijgt in een groep van zes adolescenten. Edwin is een jongen met een forse autistische stoornis, wat zich met name uit in een zeer vertraagde informatieverwerking, moeite met sociale contacten en gebrekkig sociaal inzicht. Daarnaast is er bij Edwin sprake van preoccupaties in het denken (steeds dezelfde herhalende gedachten). Edwin raakt snel overprikkeld wanneer hij te veel informatie krijgt of te veel sociale interacties moet verwerken. Hij raakt dan in de war en probeert weer grip te krijgen op zijn verwarring door verklaringen te zoeken. Door Edwins beperkte inzicht in de omgeving zijn deze verklaringen vaak niet conform de werkelijkheid en veroorzaken ze bij hem nog meer verwarring. In het verleden is er daardoor sprake geweest van prepsychoses. Verder is bekend dat Edwin op jonge leeftijd zeer waarschijnlijk te maken heeft gehad met seksueel misbruik door zijn vader. In een later stadium heeft een jongen seksuele handelingen verricht bij Edwin en moest hij bij hem seksuele handelingen verrichten.
Edwin was 13 years of age included in the pediatric clinic of the Dr.. Leo Kanner (LKH) associated with their disorder in the autistic spectrum. After several years in the children's clinic he will be transferred to the clinic for youth, now 16 years old, receives treatment in a group of six adolescents. Edwin is a boy with a strong autistic disorder, in particular in what was a very slow information processing, difficulty with social interaction and lack of social insight. In addition, when Edwin there concerns in mind (repeating the same thoughts). Edwin quickly become overexcited when he gets too much information or too much to handle social interactions. He then gets confused and tries to get a grip on his confusion by looking statements. By Edwin limited understanding of the environment, these statements are often inconsistent with the reality and cause them to him even more confusion. In the past there has therefore been prepsychoses. Edwin is also known that at a young age is very likely to have experienced sexual abuse by his father. At a later stage, a boy sexual acts performed with Edwin and he had to perform sexual acts with him.
Keywords: Autism Sexual Trauma
Accuracy Verified: Yes
24. Greenwald, R. (2001, December). Celia’s capsule and Robin’s two hands. EMDRIA Newsletter, 6(Special Edition), 18-20.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract:
This past year, I've learned of two EMDR-related interventions which I've wanted to try and work into my repertoire. I have been aware of Robin Shapiro's "Two Hand Interweave" technique (Shapiro, 2000, in this issue) for some times, and have had good luck with in on several occasions. Basically this entails holding one side of a conflict in each hand and concentrating on that while doing eye movements. This seems to engage the body and mind in a unique manner, which is within the reach of clinicians who may not feel comfortable with more dramatic movement therapy formats. More recently I learned of Celia Naccarato's "Capsule" intervention (Naccarato, 2000, in this issue), a cross between an interweave and guided visualization. The indication for this intervention is physical pain, which arises during EMDR and then does not resolve. It entails putting herself in a capsule, swallowing the capsule, and then inside the capsule going to the site of the pain. Once there, she is asked to describe what she sees, and then what she wants to do about it. Then she does it. The intervention ends when the client has come back out and returned to normal size.
Keywords: Capsule Two-Hand Interweave
Accuracy Verified: Yes
25. Anonymous. (1998, September). A client’s poem: EMDR……Peace of mind. EMDRIA Newsletter, 3(3), 19.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract:
Events from my past haunt my memory. They hold be prisoner not wanting to let go. When I least expect it, they jump out at me. Hurting, hating, they take my breath.
Keywords: Poem
Accuracy Verified: Yes
26. Barfoot, K. M., Casey, M. C., & Callaway, A. J. (2012, July). Combined EEG and eye-tracking in sports skills training and performance analysis. Presentation at the World Congress of Performance Analysis of Sport IX, University of Wooster.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
The use of mobile EEG brainwave monitoring and eye-tracking recorded synchronously
during the training of sports skills offers significant opportunities but creates challenges.
Opportunities:
¨ Measuring neurocognitive activity and visual focus in real time which can be used to
provide immediate feedback to the coach, in ‘real world’ settings, for optimising training
protocols for the individual athlete.
¨ Use of sound output (‘sonification’) in proportion to EEG regions of interest as a
neurofeedback mechanism for athlete self-training.
¨ Application of visualisation protocols and ‘EEG-driven’ PC games where game feedback
based on state of mind is used to optimise mental state prior to performance.
¨ Examining the relationship between eye movement and neuro activity (e.g. saccades and
gamma waves) and in athlete coaching interventions such as sports visual scanning
strategies, Eye Movement Desensitisation & Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy, focussed
relaxation, etc.
Challenges:
¨ The recording of EEG during gross motor behaviour is subject to non-brain artefacts in
the raw (time-domain) EEG, due to the much larger (than EEG) electrical voltages
arising from muscle and eye movements. Practical approaches and signal processing
(frequency domain spectrum) techniques to address these problems will be discussed.
¨ The synchronisation of data recorded on different types of equipment (e.g. EEG, eyetracker,
video, sound, EMG, etc.) with different ‘clocks’ and diverse data formats is
difficult – both in terms of time-stamping the original recordings across all the systems
and playing them back synchronously for subsequent performance analysis. Progress on
creating real-time data export methods which allow synchronous data recording and
playback will be reported.
Examples of studies carried out in archery, golf, motorsport, football and skiing will be
discussed, with a focus on archery where:
¨ Measurements were taken from intermediate, county level, near elite and elite archers.
¨ Archery was chosen to demonstrate the real-time and in-situ quantification of neural
activity compared with target-based measures of performance that archery provides, over a
range of time-spans and skills.
¨ Results demonstrate that there are significant and measurable changes in EEG patterns
during a shot with evidence suggesting that the patterns vary as a function of skill level,
but not simply as a function of score.
Significance of each of these studies for goal-directed learning and performance enhancement
are discussed.
Keywords: EEG Eye Tracking Performance Analysis Sports Skills
Accuracy Verified: Yes
27. Leutner, S., & Cronauer, E. (2012, June). Complex trauma in mind and body [Trauma complejo en mente y cuerpo]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
It will be shown how to get into touch and how to work with traumatic and
somatic ego-states by simultaneously activating resourceful ego-states in mind and
body. The work will be resource integrating from top to bottom. In the body it will be
from bottom to top.
Two different experiential protocols will be given and respective videos will be shown:
the resource integrating protocol and the bottom-up protocol
The neurological background of balancing work with traumatic memories and
resources will be discussed. It lies in promoting effective and permanent links
between the neuronal trauma network and one or more corresponding resource
networks. The integration of resources can greatly accelerate processing. It is
imperative, however, that the use of these resources is not random, rather orients
itself to the specific needs of the client at that specific point in time with attention
given to how much resource or trauma is activated.
Participants will be informed about the impact of complex trauma in mind and body.
They will learn how to apply EMDR combined with Claire Frederick's and Maggie
Phillip's Conflict Free Image as well as Gendlin's Focusing and Levine's Somatic
Experiencing. By those means complex traumatized clients are enabled to broaden
their windows of tolerance.
Participants will be able to supply their clients with a powerful tool for self healing.
Se mostrará cómo ponerse en contacto y trabajar con los estados del yo
traumático y somático mediante la activación simultánea de estados del yo
recursivo en la mente y el cuerpo. El trabajo será de integración de recursos desde
arriba hacia abajo. En el caso del cuerpo, será desde abajo hacia arriba.
Se darán dos protocolos experienciales distintos y se presentarán vídeos
pertinentes de los protocolos respectivos: el protocolo de la integración de
recursos y el protocolo desde abajo hacia arriba.
Se hablará de los antecedentes neurológicos del trabajo de equilibrio con
recuerdos traumáticos y recursos. Estriba en favorecer vínculos efectivos y
permanentes entre la red neuronal del trauma y una o más de las redes de
recursos correspondientes. La integración de recursos puede acelerar en gran
medida el procesamiento. Sin embargo, es imperativo que el empleo de estos
recursos no sea aleatorio, si no que se oriente hacia las necesidades específicas del
cliente en ese momento concreto con atención prestada a la cantidad de recursos o
el trauma activado.
Se les informará a los participantes sobre el impacto que tiene el trauma complejo
en la mente y en el cuerpo. Aprenderán a aplicar EMDR en combinación con la
“imagen libre de conflicto de Claire Frederick y Maggie Phillip”, así como con al
“Focusing de Gendlin” y la “Experimentación somática de Levine”. Con estos
medios los clientes con trauma complejo son capaces de ampliar sus ventanas de
tolerancia.
Los participantes podrán ofrecer a sus clientes con una herramienta potente para
la auto-curación.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
28. Bergmann, U. (2012). Consciousness examined: An introduction to the foundations of neurobiology for EMDR. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 6(3), 87-91. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.6.3.87.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
The human mind is difficult to investigate, but the biological foundations of the mind, especially consciousness, are generally regarded as the most daunting. In this article, excerpted from the book Neurobiological Foundations for EMDR Practice (Bergmann, 2012), we introduce and outline aspects of consciousness, information processing, and their relationship to eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). We examine consciousness with respect to three characteristics: unity of perception and function, subjectivity, and prediction. The relationship of these characteristics to EMDR is examined.
Keywords: Consciousness Information Processing Neurobiology Prediction
Accuracy Verified: Yes
29. Seubert, A. (2007, June). The courage to feel: The power of emotional competency within the EMDR protocol. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Much of affect education is focused on managing and tolerating emotions. What is missing on the in this is an emphasis on the positive reasons for having feelings and how they work (objective #1). We need to be able to sell our clients on the importance of emotional expertise and honesty if they are to heal. They need to develop the courage to feel, but won’t do this if feelings don’t make sense.
Because the emotional journey cuts through what is foreign territory for many of our clients, there is also a need for a map, a hands-on practical guide that clients can refer to when learning how to do this “feeling things.” For this I have developed the Four Steps to emotional competence, very teachable and very learnable (Objective #2).
Specific skills are needed to implement the Four Steps. These include the practice of awareness (the sine qua non of any therapy), breath work, visualizations, resource development and anchoring, grounding techniques, trance busters and the L.I.D.S. strategy for managing strong feelings(Objective #3). Many of these will be practiced during the workshop.
Finally, it is important for the therapist to have a trauma treatment phase model in mind in order to know where this affect education fits in and when it may need to be revisited (Objective #4). The use of EMDR to reinforce learning will be demonstrated and/or practiced during the learning of the seven skills (Objective #5).
Accuracy Verified: Yes
30. Wildwind, L. (1991, December). Creating positive cognitions. EMDR Network Newsletter, 1(2), 11.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract:
We know that having a positive cognition in mind is crucial to effective EMDR.
Sometimes the patient produces an excellent positive cognition with little help.
However, more often, even when asked how s/he would rather think or feel about it,
the patient is still unable to produce an appropriate positive self-statement. Instead, the
desired cognition may refer to the actions of others, or contain a negative, or an
unrealistic component. These factors limit the usefulness of the statement since an
unrealistic cognition will not 'stick' for avariety of reasons; e.g., the person knows better,
negatives are very tricky at the unconscious level, the work can never control the
behavior of others, etc. When difficulty arises in producing a positive cognition, it is
sometimes helpful to offer alternatives to the patient. However, many of us are
uncomfortable about "putting words in people's mouths," which leaves us in the position
of struggling to help the client obtain a positive cognition.
Keywords: Positive Cognitions
Accuracy Verified: Yes
31. Gomez, A. M. (2006, September). Creative approaches to motivate, prepare, and guide children to use EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Philadelphia, PA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
This workshop is intended to teach specific ways to use storytelling, metaphors and play therapy
techniques within the context of the EMDR protocol. Participants will learn play therapy techniques to use during the target identification phase. Techniques such as the "mixed up box", "My yucky bags" among others, will provide a playful approach
to assist children in identifying EMDR targets as
well as to provide an opportunity for containment.
Safe place, as well as other types of resource
development, will be addressed using alternative ways to cue the child, such as olfactory stimulation. Participants will learn metaphors and stories to help children understand what happens in the mind and body when trauma occurs. These metaphors are intended to motivate children that are reluctant to embrace the memories associated to the trauma. By
using stones and metaphors, children can also
maintain emotional distance from their own
struggles. One of the main goals of this workshop
is to help clinicians learn to communicate more
effectively with children by using metaphors, stones and play. How to talk to children about EMDR and
how to prepare children for the outcome of EMDR
will be addressed. By making the process more
predictable, the likelihood of children stopping the
process when they experience the difficult feelings
associated with the trauma might be minimized.
Participants will also learn to use creative, fun and
playful ways to assist children in understanding and using the measure scales of the EMDR protocol
(SUDS and VOC).
Keywords: Children Metaphors Play Therapy Storytelling Targets
Accuracy Verified: Yes
32. Siegel, D. J. (2002). The developing mind and the resolution of trauma: Some ideas about information processing and an interpersonal neurobiology of psychotherapy. In F. Shapiro (Ed.), EMDR as an integrative psychotherapy approach: Experts of diverse orientations explore the paradigm prism (1st ed.) (pp. 85-121). Washington: American Psychological Association.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
This chapter provides an overview of an interdisciplinary approach to understanding the nature of the developing mind and how the unresolved effects of trauma may be resolved within psychotherapy. Following is a brief background of my introduction to eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) and Francine Shapiro, the founder and a leading pioneer in the field of EMDR.My work comes from an interdisciplinary approach that combines numerous independent fields, including attachment theory and research, cognitive neuroscience, complexity theory, developmental psychology and psychopathology, genetics, psycholinguistics, and the study of trauma. By weaving the findings from these varied disciplines together with clinical work as a child psychiatrist, I developed a conceptual framework that was published as a book, "The Developing Mind: Toward a Neurobiology of Interpersonal Experience" (1999). This chapter offers a brief overview of this work and highlights ways in which this interpersonal neurobiology approach may help in understanding some possible mechanisms underlying trauma and its resolution. [Text, pp. 85, 86]
Keywords: Adults Cognitive Processes Neurobiology Psychotherapeutic Processes Stressors Survivors
Accuracy Verified: Yes
33. Phillips, M. (2007, September). Die Kraft einer flexiblen integrativen Traumatherapiedie Vereinigung von Ego- State-, Hypno-, Energie- und EMDRPsychotherapie [Energizing self through ego-state therapy, EMDR, and energy psychology methods]. Vortrag im Rahmen der Ersten Europäischer Kongress für Energie-Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Heidelberg, Deutschland.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Mit großer Freude kann ich dieses „Highlight“ mit der international führenden Spezialistin der Trauma-
Therapie, von Dissoziationsstörungen und auch der Schmerz- Therapie ankündigen. Maggie Phillips gilt ja
schon seit vielen Jahren als eine der besten und erfahrensten SpezialistInnen der Ego-State- Therapie.
Ihr "Handbuch der Hypnotherapie bei posttraumatischen und dissoziativen Störungen" (zusammen mit C.
Frederick) gilt als eines der maßgeblichsten Werke in diesem Feld.
Als einer der ersten ExpertInnen weltweit wies sie aber auch immer wieder darauf hin, dass gerade für den
Bereich multipler posttraumatischer und dissoziativer Störungen der Zugang mit einer Methode häufig
nicht ausreicht.
In beeindruckender Weise drückt ihr Werk "Finding the Energy to Heal: How EMDR, Hypnosis, TFT, &
Body Focused Therapy Can Help Restore Mindbody Health (W.W. Norton, 2000)" ihre wunderbare
Fähigkeit zum Ausdruck, unterschiedliche Konzepte zu einer sehr effektiven und flexiblen und dabei völlig
konsistenten Gesamt- Interventionsmodell für diese schwierigen Aufgaben zu integrieren.
Auch ihr neues Buch "Reversing Chronic Pain" verspricht alle Qualitäten für ein Meisterwerk.
Wer mit ihr schon einmal gearbeitet hat oder sie in ihrer Arbeit erleben durfte, kann ihre große sehr
achtungsvolle Haltung, Einfühlsamkeit und Kongruenz, gepaart mit geradezu virtuoser Fachkompetenz nur
bestätigen.
It is with great pleasure that I can highlight to the world's leading specialist in trauma-
Therapy, and also announce Dissoziationsstörungen of the pain therapy. Maggie Phillips is yes
for many years as one of the best and most experienced specialists of the ego-state therapy.
Their "Manual of hypnotherapy for post-traumatic and dissociative disorders" (with C.
Frederick) is considered one of the most authoritative works in this field.
As one of the first experts worldwide, it also repeatedly pointed out that especially for the
Multiple range post-traumatic and dissociative disorders, access to a method frequently
is not sufficient.
In impressively expresses its work, "Finding the Energy to Heal: How EMDR, Hypnosis, TFT, &
Body Focused Therapy Can Help Restore Mind Body Health (WW Norton, 2000), "her wonderful
Ability to express different concepts in a very effective and flexible and in complete
to integrate consistent overall model of intervention for these difficult tasks.
Her new book, "Reversing Chronic Pain" promises all the qualities of a masterpiece.
Anyone who has worked with her before, or could they experience in their work, may their very large
respectful attitude, empathy and congruence, coupled with an almost virtuoso expertise only
. Confirm
Keywords: Ego State Therapy Energy Psychology
Accuracy Verified: Yes
34. Cotraccia, A. (2008, June). Disorganized attachment in the “worried well”: EMDR in the treatment of adjustment disorders. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
This workshop will begin with a focus on current Adjustment Disorder literature. This section will highlight
problems of intrapersonal and interpersonal attunement as defined from an Interpersonal Neurobiological
perspective. Furthermore, literature on attachment theory will explore the importance of contingent
communication in the development of an integrated mind. The relevance of intersubjective experience in
adaptive information processing will help participants learn to identify experiences of misattuned communication
as relational trauma. Information processing will further be explored as related to self states. An emphasis on
recognizing “cohesive vs coherent” self states will be made. The understanding of the multiplicity of the mind in
this section will provide a context for considering dissociation from an attachment theory perspective. In addition
the emergence of cohesive and “disaggregated” self states will be highlighted as a result of the disorganized
attachment experience. This particular type of relational trauma will be conceptualized as a betrayal trauma.
Disavowal of self states will be established as salient in the vagueness of presenting complaints in the patient
with an Adjustment Disorder. AIP case conceptualization of Adjustment Disorders will be established and a focus
for the remainder of the workshop. Identification of memory networks associated with disorganized/unresolved
experiences and integration of cohesive self states will follow. The 8 phased 3 pronged protocol or modified egostate
specific targeting will be highlighted with a case study. Participants will learn to organize a treatment plan
around negative cognitions, affects and behaviours reflected in the presenting problem and history.
Keywords: Adjustment Disorders
Accuracy Verified: Yes
35. Rossi, E. L. (1999, June). Does EMDR facilitate new growth in the brain? Immediate-early genes in optimizing human potentials. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Las Vegas, NV.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Participants will: 1) be able to describe the possible role of immediate-early genes and the growth of the brain during psychological arousal, creative work and innovative approaches to psychotherapy, such as EMDR; and 2) be able to outline the mind-body dynamics of our natural 90 ultradian cycle of peak performance and healing in creative work, as well as psychotherapy.
Keywords: 90 Ultradian Cycle of Peak Performance Brain Growth Immediate-Early Genes
Accuracy Verified: Yes
36. Colmenares, C. (2000, July 11). Doorway to healing?. Nashville, TN: The Tennessean, Living, 1D.
Language: English
Format: Newspaper
Abstract:
Then a sixth therapist, Nashville psychologist Wallace Reynolds, suggested EMDR, eye movement desensitization reprocessing, a relatively new psychotherapy technique that opens the boxes where monsters dwell so the mind can flick the switch and send them scattering.
"It's not magic, just accelerated processing," Reynolds says.
Indeed it's not magic in fact, it's smoke and mirrors, say scientists who dispute not only the efficacy of EMDR but the theories behind it.
Keywords: General Nashville Overview Wallace Reynolds
Accuracy Verified: Yes
37. Martin, G. (2007). Editorial - On rural services for mental. Australian e-Journal for the Advancement of Mental Health, 6(1), 1-4.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Sumithra attended the village clinic for three sessions of CBT and EMDR lasting ninety minutes each, during a three week period. EMDR involved supporting her to describe her fears and hold all the elements in mind while simultaneously engaging in bilateral eye-movements. Feedback was obtained on the material that was emotion provoking. This cycle was repeated, while observing for shifts in affect, physiological states and cognitive insights. Sumithra identified emotions and physical sensations, elicited when visual images of death and destruction were combined with the belief that ‘my family is dead’, ‘I have no one’, and ‘I am alone in this world’. Three cycles were carried out by rewinding to sections of the narrative that generated sadness and fear. On each occasion she reported the level of distress she experienced, and her distress scores (SUDS) were noted.
Keywords: Editorial Mental Health Rural
Accuracy Verified: Yes
38. de Jongh, A., & ten Broeke, E. (1993). Een nieuwe behandelingsmethode voor angst en trauma's: ‘Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing’ [A new treatment for anxiety and trauma: Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing]. Directieve Therapie, 13(2), 78-83. doi:10.1007/BF03060028 .
Language: Dutch
Format: Magazine
Abstract:
In deze bijdrage wordt een beschrijving gegeven van de achtergronden en principes van ‘Eye movement
desensitization and reprocessing’ ( EMDR), een recente ontwikkeling op het gebied van de psychotherapie. Deze
procedure wordt gepresenteerd als een snelle en effectieve behandelmethode voor aan angst gerelateerde klachten,
waaronder posttraumatische stress-stoornissen. Een belangrijk onderdeel van EMDR is dat de therapeut bij de cliënt
een aantal snelle en ritmische oogbewegingen uitlokt door hem te vragen zijn vinger te volgen, terwijl de cliënt een
beeld van de traumatische herinnering in gedachten houdt. Dit zou resulteren in cognitieve veranderingen en een
langdurige vermindering van angst, alsmede een verdwijnen van terugkerende herinneringen en indringende
gedachten. Zoals naar voren komt uit onderzoek en twee gepresenteerde gevalsbeschrijvingen (een geval van
extreme angst voor de tandheelkundige behandeling en een geval van seksueel misbruik), kan EMDR reeds effectief
zijn in slechts één zitting. Het artikel sluit af met evaluatieve opmerkingen en aanbevelingen met betrekking tot het
gebruik van deze behandelingsmethode in de praktijk.
In this article describes the background and principles of "Eye movement
desensitization and reprocessing "(EMDR), a recent development in the field of psychotherapy. This
procedure is presented as a rapid and effective treatment for anxiety-related symptoms,
including post-traumatic stress disorder. EMDR is an important part of the therapist to the client
a number of rapid and rhythmic eye movements provokes him by asking his finger to follow, while a client
image of the traumatic memory in mind. This would result in cognitive changes and a
lasting reduction of anxiety and a loss of recurrent and intrusive recollections
thoughts. As emerges from two studies and presented case studies (one case
extreme fear of dental treatment and one case of sexual abuse), EMDR can already effectively
in only one session. The article concludes with evaluative comments and recommendations regarding the
using this treatment method in practice.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
39. Silverman, S. J. (2011). Effecting peak athletic performance with neurofeedback, interactive metronome®, and EMDR: A case study. Biofeedback, 39(1), 40-42. doi:10.5298/1081-5937-39.1.08.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
This case study chronicles the application and effects of a customized combination of therapies, including neurofeedback, Interactive Metronome® (IM), and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) created to help a professional athlete improve his brain function and performance. Brian, a 28-year-old professional baseball player, sought help for difficulty maintaining focus and concentration while playing baseball. He felt his challenges impeded his athletic performance, and he wanted to perform at the highest possible level during the upcoming spring training season. Brian's history combined with the results of a QEEG brain map led to a diagnosis of Attention Deficit Disorder–Inattentive Type. The individualized treatment program for Brian included neurofeedback to lower theta activity and increase beta, IM to improve coordination and timing, and EMDR to address his feelings of anger and lack of self-confidence. At the conclusion of his training, Brian described feeling “clear-headed” and was able to focus his mind when needed. His timing and coordination improved, and he showed a positive attitude about playing baseball and felt confident that he would perform well at spring training.
Keywords: Athelete Attention Deficit Disorder–Inattentive Type IM Interactive Metronome® Neurofeedback Performance ENhancement QEEG Brain Map
Accuracy Verified: Yes
40. MacCulloch, M. (2006, December). Effects of EMDR on previously abused child molesters: Theoretical reviews and preliminary findings from Ricci, Clayton, and Shapiro. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology, 17(4), 531-537. doi:10.1080/14789940601075760.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
We publish in this issue a preliminary and tentative account of the reduction of deviant sexual arousal, as measured by phallometry, by eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR). The purpose of this editorial is to show that the conclusions of Davidson and Parker (2001), and the comment by Salkovskis, can now be set aside, and to present our readers with some theoretical thoughts on some of the mechanisms by which EMDR could induce its effects, including trauma reduction. A major bar to the further acceptance of EMDR as a treatment and as an inviting research topic stems from the fact that workers still cannot see how eye movements can cause the reported clinical changes and the increasing number of temporally related psycho-physiological phenomena. This editorial suggests that the organs of computation of the mind have evolved by natural selection to solve problems of survival and, signally, include corollary discharge and feed forward (CD-FF) mechanisms by which they intrinsically function and also interact with one another. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Abused Child Molesters Editorial Pedophilia Physiology Sexual Arousal
Accuracy Verified: Yes
41. Molero-Zafra, M., & Pérez-Marín, M. (2010, Abril). El EMRD aplicado al trastorno de duelo patológico. Presentación de un caso [EMDR applied to pathological grief disorder. Case report]. In EMDR: Un abordaje integral de la personalidad traumatizada (Francisca García Guerrero, Coordinadora). Simposio realizado en el Congreso Internacional sobre Avances en Tratamientos Psicológicos, Granada, Espagna.
Language: Spanish
Format: Conference
Abstract:
La pérdida de un ser querido es un evento de gran impacto emocional
que afectando a todo el sistema familiar, puede ser muy diferente en el modo
en que cada uno de sus miembros perciba, interprete, afronte y se adapte
a la nueva situación tras la pérdida y las demandas por ella creadas. Es
frecuente que una pérdida no elaborada de forma adecuada dé paso a problemas
emocionales e incluso trastornos psicopatológicos al cabo de meses
o incluso ańos; sin embargo, un duelo adecuadamente elaborado mejora las
capacidades futuras para enfrentarse a las situaciones de pérdida, frustración
o sufrimiento.
La premisa fundamental del modelo de procesamiento adaptativo de información
(PAI) en la que se basa la terapéutica de EMDR sería: la perturbación
que la persona sufre en la actualidad es el resultado de un almacenamiento
disfuncional de la información (Shapiro, 2001). El procesamiento
implica el forjar nuevas asociaciones con información adaptativa proveniente
de otras redes de memoria disponibles para vincularse en la red de memoria
restaurando la información disfuncional almacenada. Desde este modelo, el
duelo complicado se desarrolla cuando los componentes individuales son
tan dolorosos, que se desarrolla una alta sensibilidad cada vez que se reactiva
un fragmento del recuerdo y no se logra la integración. Los fragmentos
activados pueden competir por la atención en la mente, haciendo que ésta
vaya de atrás para adelante entre dos o más aspectos de la muerte. Esta
falta de foco impide el procesamiento de los fragmentos individuales, como
cuando el procesamiento de la pérdida en si misma se desvía por el recuerdo
de los detalles de cómo la persona murió.
En esta comunicación, presentamos el protocolo de EMDR aplicado al
duelo complicado a través del análisis de un caso clínico.
The loss of a loved one is an event of great emotional impact
that affect the entire family system, may be very different in the way
in that each of its members perceive, interpret, and adapt confronts
to the new situation after the loss and the demands created by it. this is
loss often not adequately prepared to give way to problems
psychopathology emotional and even after months
or even years, but properly prepared duel improves
future capabilities to face situations of loss, frustration
or suffering.
The fundamental premise model adaptive information processing
(AIP) which is based on EMDR therapy would be: the disturbance
the person is currently suffering is the result of a storage
Dysfunctional information (Shapiro, 2001). processing
involves forging new partnerships with adaptive information from
other networks available memory on the network to link memory
restoring the dysfunctional information stored. From this model,
Complicated grief occurs when the individual components are
so painful that develops high sensitivity reactive whenever
a fragment of memory and integration is not achieved. fragments
activated can compete for attention in the mind, causing it
go back and forth between two or more aspects of death. this
lack of focus prevents processing of the individual fragments, as
when processing the loss itself is diverted by the memory
the details of how the person died.
In this paper, we present the EMDR protocol applied to
Complicated grief through the analysis of a clinical case.
Keywords: Bereavement Case Study Grief Symposium
Accuracy Verified: Yes
42. Rosental, V. (2008, Diciembre 16). El método de EMDR: Un cambio de paradigma [The method of EMDR: A paradigm shift]. DePsicoterapias S.R.L. Retrieved from http://www.depsicoterapias.com/articulo.asp?IdArticulo=454 om 1/4/2009.
Language: Spanish
Format: Other
Abstract:
Patient refers to the 36 years of age. At the time of the consultation being conducted psychiatric and psychological treatments with no results since 1995, with a diagnosis of Panic Attack.
The beginning of the problem is after the Falklands war. It was in 1985 when he choose to go first because he felt well, was very nervous and irritable. The clinician, after several routine tests it shows that he's fine, but prescribed an anxiolytic, psychoactive drug that took for 11 years until 1996. In that year is referred to a psychiatrist and a psychologist for his repeated visits to the emergency.
He had been in the Falklands war as a conscript. Upon returning, he could not concentrate, so it decided to abandon their tertiary studies a year to graduate. Was isolated in addition to all his friends. He married his neighbor with whom he has two children. Had marital difficulties and job instability
Patient refers to the 36 years of age. At the time of the consultation being conducted psychiatric and psychological treatments with no results since 1995, with a diagnosis of Panic Attack.
The beginning of the problem is after the Falklands war. It was in 1985 when he choose to go first because he felt well, was very nervous and irritable. The clinician, after several routine tests it shows that he's fine, but prescribed an anxiolytic, psychoactive drug that took for 11 years until 1996. In that year is referred to a psychiatrist and a psychologist for his repeated visits to the emergency.
He had been in the Falklands war as a conscript. Upon returning, he could not concentrate, so it decided to abandon their tertiary studies a year to graduate. Was isolated in addition to all his friends. He married his neighbor with whom he has two children. Had marital difficulties and job instability
Trabajo desde hace ańos en esta profesión, la psicología, una especialidad que puede ayudar a muchas personas que sufren, que estoy investigando y encontrando nuevas maneras de dar a los pacientes alternativas que conduzcan a un cambio real.
En este viaje tuve la oportunidad de explorar el mundo un poco más emocionante de la mente humana a través de un enfoque integrado que cambió mi paradigma de la psicoterapia. Me refiero a EMDR, basado en el modelo de procesamiento de información, una poderosa herramienta para aliviar el sufrimiento de los pacientes que nos consultan a tiempo para mantener sus logros. reprocesamiento de adaptación se lleva a cabo a nivel neurofisiológico que permite a la salud mental.
Working for years in this profession, psychology, a specialty that can help many people suffering, I am researching and finding new ways to give patients alternatives that lead to real change.
In this journey I had the opportunity to explore a bit more exciting world of the human mind through an integrated approach that changed my paradigm of psychotherapy. I refer to EMDR, based on the information processing model, a powerful tool to alleviate the suffering of patients who consult us in time sustaining their achievements. Adaptive reprocessing takes place at a neurophysiological level that enables mental health.
The letters called EMDR that mean in English:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, which translates as desensitization and reprocessing eye movement. It is a method to work emotional difficulties caused by traumatic events such as war, natural disasters, accidents, assaults, duels unprocessed disturbing childhood experiences as well as phobias, somatic diseases and disorders, anxiety and disruptive behavior.
Keywords: Practice, Theory
Accuracy Verified: Yes
43. Parnell, L. (2001). EMDR - Der weg aus dem trauma: Über die heilung von traumata und emotionalen verletzungen [Transforming trauma: EMDR]. Paderborn: Junfermann Verlag GmbH & Co.
Language: German
Format: Book
Abstract:
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) hat Tausenden von Menschen geholfen, die von schrecklichen Mißbrauchserlebnissen oder von Traumata verfolgt wurden. Die neue Methode vermag auch Patienten zu helfen, bei denen andere Therapieformen versagt haben, darunter Menschen, die an chronischen Problemen wie Eßstörungen, Angstzuständen, einem schwachen Selbstwertgefühl, Depressionen und Störungen ihrer Leistungsfähigkeit leiden. EMDR bringt Millionen von Menschen neue Hoffnung, denen gesagt wurde, ihre Genesung werde sich wohl über ihr ganzes weiteres Leben hinziehen.
Die EMDR-Therapie bettet die Technik der Augenbewegung in einen umfassenden Ansatz ein, durch den Informationen verarbeitet werden, die sich in unverarbeiteter Form in Körper und Geist des Patienten verkapselt haben. Dadurch werden die Betroffenen von belastenden Bildern und Körperempfindungen, bedrückenden Emotionen und Einschränkenden Überzeugungen befreit. Bei Anwendung dieser Methode tritt die Heilung nicht nur wesentlich schneller ein als in der traditionellen Therapie, sondern die Klienten erleben auch ein Gefühl der Freude, Offenheit und tiefen Verbundenheit mit anderen. Laurel Parnell veranschaulicht uns auf fesselnde Weise die Wirkung von EMDR. In ihren mutmachenden Heilungsberichten versetzt sie die Leser in die Psyche ihrer Klienten, wo die Traumata, die jene in der Vergangenheit erlebt haben, erstarrt sind. Die Autorin veranschaulicht auf sorgsame, persönliche und verständliche Weise, wie EMDR es Menschen ermöglicht, über das bloße Überleben eines traumatischen Erlebnisse hinaus zu einer Erfahrung des Wohlbefindens und der Ganzheit zu gelangen.
Ein allgemeinverständlich geschriebenes Buch, das allen, die sich erstmals mit dieser neuen revolutionären Therapieform beschäftigen wollen, einen umfassenden Einblick über die Methodik, den Ablauf, die vielfältigen Einsatzmöglichkeiten und die ungezählten erfolgreich durchgeführten Therapien vermittelt: Informativ. Fesselnd geschrieben. Hoffnung auf Heilung vermittelnd. Ein idealer Einstieg in EMDR.
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) has helped thousands of people who were haunted by terrible abuse experiences or trauma. The new method can also help patients who have not responded to other therapies, including people who suffer from chronic problems such as eating disorders, anxiety, a low self-esteem, depression and disturbances of their capabilities. EMDR brings new hope to millions of people who have been told, their recovery will probably drag on through its entire life. The EMDR therapy embeds the technique of eye movement in a comprehensive approach that will be processed by the information, which have encapsulated in the natural state of body and mind of the patient. Thus the person concerned of incriminating images and body sensations, emotions and limiting beliefs are oppressive, free. In applying this method, the healing occurs not only much faster than in a traditional therapy, but the clients also experience a feeling of joy, openness and deep connection with others. Laurel Parnell are illustrated with fascinating way, the effect of EMDR. In its encouragement healing reports, they leave readers into the psyche of their clients, where the traumas, the former have experienced in the past freezes are. The author demonstrates in careful, personal and understandable way, such as EMDR allows people to reach beyond the mere survival of a traumatic experience also an experience of wellness and wholeness. A book, written in generally understandable to all, who would first deal with this revolutionary new form of therapy, provides a comprehensive insight into the methodology, process, the various applications and successfully executed countless therapies: Informative. written captivating. Hope for healing mediator. An ideal introduction to EMDR.
Keywords: Trauma
Accuracy Verified: Yes
44. Donnelly, K. (1997, April 30). The EMDR alternative – Traumatized by tragedy? Menaced by those memos? No tiger in your golf game? The mind’s eye might cure it. San Jose, CA: San Jose Mercury News, 1E, 5E.
Language: English
Format: Newspaper
Abstract:
An article in Wednesday's Silicon Valley Life section failed to identify both authors of ''EMDR: The Breakthrough Therapy for Overcoming Anxiety, Stress, and Trauma.'' Margot Silk Forrest wrote the book with Francine Shapiro.
Keywords: General Overview San Jose
Accuracy Verified: Yes
45. Tibaldi, M. (2004, June). EMDR and analytical psychology: Imaginal use of eye movements in Jungian analysis. In psychodynamics and EMDR (B. Lilieblad, Chair). Symposium conducted at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, Stockholm, Sweden .
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Among Jungian typical methodologies, one of the most interested is active imagination indeed. Carl Gustav Jung's active imagination method is a process of "lucid dream," that takes shape from observing an internal emotionally meaningful aspect - mood, image, event. When the client focuses his/her attention on these charged elements, a chain of autonomous images will be activated. The arising of such unconscious images lead consciousness to a new situation: emotional content comes into contact with the rational, can be confronted and integrated, transforming the whole personality.
Epistemologically speaking, it is interesting to point out the affinity between Jungian conscious-unconscious integration process, pursued by active imagination, and the right and left brain connecting process, gained by EMDR.
My Jungian analytical practice, on the one hand, and my EMDR therapeutic experience, on the other, gave me the opportunity to confront both Garl Gustav Jung's and Francine Shapiro's methods and paradigms, giving birth to an EMDR imaginal use, a synergic therapeutic process with interesting outcomes.
The aim of my paper is to present this form of EMDR, stressing the advantages of such integration. The paper will be accompanied by a sequence of psychic images from a client's EMDR treatment; thanks to the imaginal use of eye movements, the client got in touch with some of the unknown emotional horizons, recognized the dissociative defences that prevented him from connections his emotional and rational brain and improved his psychic well being.
Keywords: Analyitical Psychology Case Study Imagery Imaginal Jungian Analysis Mind-Body Observation Symposium
Accuracy Verified: Yes
46. McNeal, S. A. (2001, July). EMDR and dream interpretation. Presentation at the International Association for the Study of Dreams, Santa Cruz, CA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
This paper describes a method of dream interpretation useful in psychotherapy.The therapist can use the treatment method EMDR (eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing) for processing dream images. The associations elicited in this manner provide a wealth of significant material for psychotherapy as well as resulting in meaningful dream interpretation.
Learning Objectives:
1) To present a new method of dream interpretation
2) To describe the protocol so that others could use it
3) To indicate how this method can enhance therapeutic results
Evaluation questions:
1) How does this use of EMDR differ from the standard use of EMDR with dream imagery?
2) Summarize briefly how EMDR is used for dream interpretation?
3) What are the advantages and disadvantages of this method of dream interpretation?
EMDR and Dream Interpretation
When utilizing EMDR to resolve a trauma, one of the four target areas in the standard EMDR protocol is the nightmare image. During reprocessing, the nightmare image often changes to reveal the real life experiences that are part of the traumatic material. If processing is complete, the nightmare image will not reoccur.
Theoretically, the periods of REM sleep when dreaming occurs are thought to be natural survival mechanisms whereby experiences from the day are synthesized and stored in memory. It has been speculated that nightmares are the mind's attempts to metabolize trapped information. Because trauma can also produce interrupted and dysfunctional REM sleep, nightmares may reoccur indefinitely without resolution taking place. EMDR has been shown to effectively process nightmare images so that reoccurring nightmares cease.
Less has been reported in the EMDR literature regarding dream images that are not nightmarish and do not reoccur. It is usually assumed that if the dreaming process is natural and healthy without nightmares or interrupted sleep, then it is not to be tampered with and is not a focus of treatment. However, EMDR can be very helpful in processing information from dreams, even when the dream images may not appear to be relevant. Case material will be presented to demonstrate how EMDR can be useful in processing dream images during the normal course of treatment as well as contributing to the resolution of specific traumas.
Keywords: Dreams
Accuracy Verified: Yes
47. Twombly, J. (2008, April). EMDR and EMDR adaptions in the treatment of dissociative disorders. Presentation at the 1st Bi-Annual European Society for Trauma and Dissociation Conference, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
This workshop offers ways to incorporate Eye Movement Desensitization and
Reprocessing in the treatment of clients with Dissociative Identity Disorder, Dissociative
Disorder Not Otherwise Specified and ego state work. Used carefully, EMDR and EMDR
adaptations can accelerate the treatment process. A liability is that its incorrect use can
accelerate decompensation in clients with complex trauma and attachment disordered
histories. This workshop offers suggested uses of EMDR and EMDR adaptations to
facilitate stabilization, orientation to the present, decrease some negative transferences
and to provide a protective format for processing traumatic material.
Learning objectives:
1. Participant is able to identify stages of treatment of dissociative disordered clients
where EMDR and EMDR adaptations can be used.
2. Participant is able to use EMDR adaptations to orient dissociated parts of the mind
to present time.
3. Participant has knowledge of how to develop a controlled process of using EMDR
for trauma processing.
Keywords: Dissociative Disorders
Accuracy Verified: Yes
48. Chandarasiri, P. (2008, June). EMDR and play therapy in traumatised children. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England .
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Young children who are not yet fully developed mentally can not differentiate the past traumatic memory from
the present reality and in metabolising disturbing trauma memories. Children usually mix their past experience
and the present through play to help them connect the pieces of experience into a narrative that is
understandable for them. Every piece of trauma in the past is integrated into their life and may adversely
influence their personality formation. Trauma work with children through play and EMDR techniques can be
helpful in preventing such distortion, especially among disable children. EMDR method was applied to a 10 years
old boy with learning disability. He was separated from his family and stayed at the residential home. He had his
past experience of witnessing domestic violence since early infancy. The injuries sustained by his mother had
caused great concern for him. He also experienced sexual abuse by another boy which was reflected in sex play
with his peers. He had attention problem, aggressive behaviours together with difficulty in regulating his moods.
Because of his limitation, he preferred to communicate his emotions through action and play rather than
verbally. His preoccupation was expressed through figures fighting that typically resulted in death. During the
play session, the therapist would intermittently take a pause with him and the bilateral tapping was applied
corresponding with the event in play, for example checking through the worst event, the negative event, the
positive event, the strength, the changes taking place in their mind and the play. Most of his play started with
the fighting and ended with the good figures won. The installation was applied at the end. His behaviours were
monitored at the residential home and at the school. It was found later that he could control his anger better and
he was able to tell the caretakers showing that he was aware of his feelings and his behaviours. The conclusion
can be drawn that the use of bilateral stimulation during play therapy has facilitated changes in his behaviours,
affects, and communication.
Keywords: Children Play Therapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
49. Carvalho, E. R. (2013, May). EMDR and role therapy: Healing the folks who live inside. Presentation at the annual EMDR Canada Conference, Banff, Alberta CAN.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
The integration of EMDR with Role Therapy will be presented as a comprehensive approach to the treatment of
a wide spectrum of clients. Role therapy is presented as a “normalizing” approach to trauma and dissociation,
treating clients’ inner roles as EMDR targets. Central to this approach is the conceptualization of self and one’s
inner roles and counter-roles. Discussion will include how to use a developmental approach to assessment, and
will review the identification, mapping and accessing of roles, as well as how to promote the use of role-specific
EMDR targets, facilitating the enhancement of EMDR processing.
Learning Objectives:
• Participants will be able to discuss and implement the applications of Role Theory concepts and techniques to
all phases of the EMDR protocol in order to facilitate the treatment of clients.
• Participants will be able to discuss and describe how to developmentally assess, identify, map and access
client roles and how to treat roles with traditional EMDR protocols.
• Participants will be prepared to utilize EMDR targeting clients’ inner roles to enhance the processing of
clients’ issues and resolution of symptoms.
Keywords: Role Therapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
50. Settle, C. (2010, July). EMDR and the art of psychotherapy with children. Presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
The presenter will use the Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) Model to explain how to creatively change the language
of EMDR to meet the child’s developmental needs. Participants will learn how to develop a comprehensive treatment plan
that includes the three-pronged approach. Demonstrations with pictures and a short video will show ways of getting the
targets and the NC and PC through mapping, while still remaining true to the eight-phase model. Innovative child-oriented
methods for Resource Development Installation (RDI) and Cognitive Interweaves (CI) will be explained.
Keywords: Children
Accuracy Verified: Yes
51. Shapiro, F. (2002). EMDR as an integrative psychotherapy approach: Experts of diverse orientations explore the paradigm prism. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association Books.
Language: English
Format: Book
Abstract:
Beyond the talking cure: somatic experience and subcortical imprints in the treatment of trauma; The developing mind and the resolution of trauma: some ideas about information processing and an interpersonal neurobiology of psychotherapy; EMDR and psychoanalysis; EMDR and cognitive-behavior therapy: exploring convergence and divergence; Combining EMDR and schema-focused therapy: the whole may be greater than the sum of the parts; EMDR: an elegantly concentrated multimodal procedure?; EMDR and hypnosis; EMDR and experiential psychotherapy; Feminist therapy and EMDR: theory meets practice; EMDR in conjunction with family systems therapy; Transpersonal psychology, eastern nondual philosophy, and EMDR; Integration and EMDR.
Keywords: Adults Psychotherapy Psychotherapeutic Processes Stressors Survivors
Accuracy Verified: Yes
52. O’Dell, K. (2005, April 05). EMDR can fight fears, soften troubling memories. Springfield, MO: Springfield News-Leader, Health, E4.
Language: English
Format: Newspaper
Abstract:
Psychologists say Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, or EMDR, appears to help clients thoroughly process old painful events so they "unstick" from the conscious mind and move into resolved memory.
Several Springfield-area therapists say they have used EMDR to successfully treat troubled war veterans as well as clients with a host of phobias, eating disorders, a history of sexual abuse, depression and low-self esteem.
Keywords: General Mike Murrell Overview Springfield
Accuracy Verified: Yes
53. Forgash, C., & Leeds, A. M. (1999). EMDR case inquiry format. Authors.
Language: English
Format: Other
Abstract:
When consulting on clinical cases related to the application of EMDR, please consider providing the relevant portions of the following information to assist me in responding to your inquiry.
NOT all these points need to be covered. There may be additional points that you need to include. Keep in mind you are responsible for obtaining your client’s permission for the release of any confidential information and for disguising any identifying data.
Keywords: Case Inquiry Format
Accuracy Verified: Yes
54. Robinson, N. S. (2000, September). EMDR for life enhancement. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Toronto, Ontario Canada.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Participants will: 1) learn to adapt to known EMDR applications for Life Enhancement; 2) learn to identify appropriate clients for Life Enhancement EMDR; and 3) learn new techniques including mind mapping and TIR.
Keywords: Life Enhancements Mind Mapping TIR
Accuracy Verified: Yes
55. Farrell, D., Keenan, P., & Basil, J. (2006, March). EMDR HAP training in India in the aftermath of the tsunami. Presentation at the 4th annual Conference of the EMDR UK & Ireland Association, London, UK.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
On 26th December 2005 the southern coastline of India was hit by a tsunami, which resulted in the deaths of over 28,000 people. This natural disaster caused the widespread devastation to the region. As part of the EMDR Humanitarian Assistance Programme as series of EMDR Levels 1 and 2 were established in Chennai, Southern India offering training to mental health workers specifically working the tsunami affected areas. The project was funded by Cerner/First Hand Foundation project with the remit primarily focusing upon the trauma impact upon children. For the purpose of this presentation, the Chennai project will be outlined, providing insight into how the trainings were carried out from a teaching and learning perspective. It will also consider trauma experiences from a cultural viewpoint, which potentially challenges western constructs of PTSD phenomena. Particular attention wil be focused upon the aspects of the Negative and Positive Cognition and how this seems to be potentially a cultural component to the EMDR protocol. Indian practitioners determined that 'mind and body' are one in the same. Yet EMDR training emphasises the importance of distinguishing between thoughts and feelings. As a result many of the trainees struggled with this aspect. Discussion will also explore more widespread trauma characteristics of the tsumani including how the trauma impacted from an individual, family, and community perspective.
Keywords: HAP Training Tsunami
Accuracy Verified: Yes
56. Neilson, T. (2000, July 15). EMDR is supported by much research. Nashville, TN: The Tennessean, 12A.
Language: English
Format: Newspaper
Abstract:
As a clinical psychologist recently trained in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), I read with interest your article on the controversy associated with this approach to psychotherapy (July 11). Until recently, I was as skeptical of EMDR as many of the doubters quoted in your article. A careful look at the research, however, changed my mind.
Accuracy Verified: No
57. Jackson, J. (2002, April 8). EMDR offers new treatment for trauma. Nursing Spectrum -- New England Edition, 6(2), 17.
Language: English
Format: Magazine
Abstract:
His therapist felt that Jack could be helped by a relatively new therapy, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). EMDR was originated in 1987 and has become a recognized means of helping those dealing with the effects of traumatic events. EMDR-centered therapy allows the mind to heal from psychological trauma in much the same way that the body heals from physical trauma. If an infection or foreign body interferes with physical healing, medical treatment can allow the normal healing process to continue. EMDR works to unblock emotional trauma so that the mind's natural healing process can continue. (Excerpt)
Accuracy Verified: Yes
58. Lendl, J., & Foster, S. (2009). EMDR performance and enhancement psychology protocol. In M. Luber (Ed.), Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) scripted protocols: Basics and special situations, (pp. 377-396). New York: Springer Publishing Co.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
The EMDR Performance Enhancement Psychology Protocol (EMDR-PEP) addresses performance anxiety, self-defeating beliefs, behavioral inhibition, posttraumatic stress, and psychological recovery from injury for creative and performing artists, workplace employees, and athletes. The EMDR-PEP can be very useful with everyday nonpathological complaints such as procrastination, fear of failure, setbacks, and life transitions. Note: Clinicians, working with athletes require rigorous training in Sport Psychology and Sociology of Professional Sport. The EMDR-PEP encompasses a full spectrum viewpoint (body, mind, and spirit) regarding optimal functioning at work and in life. This perspective inspires clients to identify their strengths as well as areas to improve and to prioritize their work accordingly. The EMDR-PEP approach draws upon Maslow's (1971) Human Potential Movement and Positive Psychology (Amen, 2002; Buss, 2000; Csikzentmihalyi, 1990; Seligman, 1998; Taylor, Kemeny, Reed, Bower, & Gruenwald, 2000), as well as Sport Psychology Research and Principles (levleva & Orlick, 1991; Kohl, Ellis, & Roenkerm, 1992; Mamassis & Doganis, 2004; Martin, Moritz, & Hall, 1999; Nideffer, 1976; Short & Short, 2005; Simons, 2000; Unestahl, 1982), and Health Psychology (Graham, 1995; Levine, 1991; Simonton & Creighton, 1982; Whiting & den Brinker, 1982). The first single subject series (Foster & Lendl, 1996) reported promising findings with four diverse work-related situations and was republished in APA's seminal coaching papers in Consulting Psychology, The Wisdom of Coaching (Foster & Lendl, 2007). Reduced anxiety and increased self-confidence were reported for mature performing artists launching an existing repertoire into a new arena (Foster, 2000) and in a controlled study of master swimmers (Linebarger, 2005). Note: The Linebarger study included the Brief Intervention Focusing Protocol; the paper does not include inner advisor and mental room. Special attention is given to performance elements such as ability, focus, and motivation. The EMDR Performance Enhancement Psychology protocol Forms and Script are included. [PsycINFO Database]
Keywords: Performance Enhancement Protocol
Accuracy Verified: Yes
59. Darker-Smith, S. (2007, June). EMDR vs CBT in the treatment of anorexia nervosa: A preliminary study. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
In working with clients with anorexia nervosa for the past 18 months, it has become apparent that while many clinicians continue to utilise a variety of treatment means, CBT or systemic family therapy are often treatments most frequently offered to the sufferer. However, what does appear to be consistent is the general view (e.g., Waller; Treasure; Brewer) that ‘recovery’ will take an average between 1 to 2 years with many clients suffering from this disorder never making a full or complete recovery.
With this in mind, sixteen clients with a previous diagnosis of anorexia nervosa and under medical supervision with a BMI of 16.5 – 18 and still meeting the mental criteria of anorexia nervosa (DSM IV) were offered either EMDR (N.10) or CBT (N.6). Starting with the premise that most sufferers of anorexia nervosa argued that simply ‘eating’ is not the answer – but rather the mechanism by which control is maintained – it was agreed that regular weigh-ins and the use of food journals would form part of the study – however, no therapeutic emphasis would be placed directly on food in either the CBT or the EMDR group.
Those receiving EMDR recovered substantially quicker and with less food-related exposure, once the target memory precipitating the anorexic onset was identified. Interestingly, food intake and weight increased without needing to be targeted as a separate matter, once the ‘feeder’ memory had been adapted in 8 out of the 10 EMDR clients. In the remaining two clients, behavioural experiments targeting the “practice of behaving (and eating) normally’ one day a week in order to reduce the fear of ‘normality’ was used with good effect.
Whilst the CBT group did improve, they continued to fluctuate in terms of active anorexic patterns of behaviour and their weight or food intake did not appear to improve significantly.
Although the trial lasted for 6 months duration, on average, the EMDR group reached ‘recovery’ at around 3-4 month mark, compared to the CBT group of which five noticed ‘improvement,’ however, did not appear to have increased weight and still reported phobic reactions to both body-mage and food at the 4 month mark. One in the CBT group did make a significant improvement based on cognitive restructuring alone and this client did increase weight and intake significantly at the same ratio as the EMDR group.
At the initial 1-month follow-up post-study, the CBT group were still exhibiting symptoms of mental pre-occupation with diet/weight compared to the EMDR group who had reached normal BMI ranges (N.9) and all reported little to no pre-occupation with diet/eight.
Although this study is still pending follow-ups of all clients, there would appear, on the basis of this preliminary study that anorexia nervosa appears to respond better to EMDR in shorter treatment duration than CBT.
Furthermore, six of the EMDR group reposed using safe-space imagery to reduce their anxieties surrounding food and this may have been a contributory factor.
Keywords: Anorexia Nervosa CBT Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
60. Settle, C. (2007, June). EMDR with children 2-10 years of age: Practical and creative therapuetic tools derived from an ongoing fidelity study based on the adaptive information processing model. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
This presentation will encompass the findings from a current and ongoing research study on EMDR with young children, with implications for clinical practice arising from this study. The clinical experiences of the presenter, which include treating traumatized children and training EMDR therapists, led to the first EMDR fidelity study on children. From that study, our preliminary findings led us to formulate suggestions about training therapists; these ideas will be explained in the workshop.
Examples will be discussed of how issues related to the therapist, client, and patient, home environment, clinical environment, and therapist training all impact the EMDR treatment protocol with children 20 to 10 years of age. Participants will also learn to identify developmentally appropriate and child-specific languaging in order to conceptualize the treatment of children using the EMDR protocol. Using Dr. Shapiro’s Adaptive Information Processing model, participants will learn to attune to the child verbally and non-verbally to understand how the child has learned to store the trauma in their memory network, versus how the parent or therapist believes the trauma to be stored. Specific tools like mapping and graphing that are used to tease out all the pieces of the EMDR protocol and develop case conceptualization will be demonstrated with associated videos. Through the use of Powerpoint presentation, case presentation, and handouts, additional practical and interesting tools will be presented to assist therapists in using Resource Development, Mastery, and Safe Place exercises in the efficacious treatment of young children. Creative tools used to identify targets, emotions, body sensation, and negative and positive cognitions, will be demonstrated, as well as measurements to aid the child in eliciting the VOC and SUDs. Also, the important of the three-pronged approach (the process of addressing targets from the past, present, and future), and how to develop targets from a child’s often concrete perspective, will be discussed. Finally, participants will be able to use a specific format for reevaluation from both the child’s and parents’ point of view. With these advanced skills in translating EMDR into developmentally appropriate terms and imaginative tools for implementation, participants will return to their practices encouraged to use the entire EMDR protocol with even the youngest of clients. The workshop, which is based on clinical experience and research, will teach creative skills in applying the eight-phase protocol to young children.
Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP Children Fidelity Study Techniques
Accuracy Verified: Yes
61. Anton, A. (1995). EMDR with couples. EMDR Network Newsletter, 5(3), 5-6.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract:
It is generally held that EMDR is not
to be used with couples, and I agree
that it is not appropriate to do so when
the primary items being dealt with are
such issues as power, intimacy, trust,
communication, conflict, or control of
impulses and emotions. However, I
discovered recently that EMDR can be
used successfully and effectively with
couples in at least one particular type
of circumstance. The circumstance I
have in mind is that in which a couple
faces an external threat or severe loss
that creates a crisis atmosphere to
which each member of the couple is
reaching considerable anxiety and
extreme distress. However, rather
than allowing their relationship to
degenerate into mutual blaming and
fault-finding, the members of the
couplemaintain their bonding to each
other, continue to support each other,
and constitute a unified front in regard
to the threat or loss.
Keywords: Couples Couples Therapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
62. Servan-Schreiber, D. (2007, June). EMDR with life-threatening medical illness. Keynote presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
The relation between mind and body is more clearly understood
than ever before. Stress reactions influence biological mechanisms
such as immunity and inflammation
that profoundly influence the course of medical conditions.
PTSD is a predictor of ill-health. Powerlessness is
associated with cancer progression. This presentation will
review the mind-body connection in relation to severe illness,
and the role of EMDR in helping patients facing lifethreatening
diseases.
Keywords: Keynote Medical Illness
Accuracy Verified: Yes
63. Ost, J. (2005, July). EMDR – Of limited use, whichever way you look at it. HealthWatch Newsletter, 58, 4-5.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract:
The National Institute for Clinical Excellence recently recommended a controversial form of trauma therapy called Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) for the treatment of post traumatic stress. In EMDR an individual is asked to create and hold in their mind a picture of the worst moment during the disaster, while following the movement of their clinical psychologist's fingers with their eyes. The psychologist instructs the patients to “let the image go freely where it wants to”. Some proponents believe this process has the power to unlock traumatic memories. Others are sceptical, among them psychologist Dr James Ost, an advisor to the British False Memory Society
Keywords: General Overview Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
64. Shapiro, F. (1996, Summer). EMDR: Adaptive information processing. Independent Practitioner, 16(3), 142-146.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
The Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) method defines the succesful treatment of pathology as a clinician-assisted "self-healing" process. Specifically, the individual reprocesses the dysfunctional information stored in the nervous system as a result of previous disturbing events. Congruent with the principles of mind/body psychology, there is an assumed interaction of psychological and physiological processes. The nature of the clinical disorder is defined on the basis of the type of experiences that have been dysfunctionally stored and which need to be effectively processes.
Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP
Accuracy Verified: Yes
65. U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, National Center for PTSD. (2001). Empirical evidence regarding behavioral treatments for PTSD, Factsheet. Washington, DC.
Language: English
Format: Publication
Abstract:
EMDR involves having the patient bring to mind images of the trauma while engaging in back-and-forth eye movements (or while alternating oneâs attention back and forth using taps or sounds). It also addresses trauma-related negative beliefs. It has been shown to be more effective than psychodynamic, relaxation, supportive, or placebo wait list therapies (where patients are put on a waiting list to receive treatment but don't actually receive it by the time they are tested). Research comparing EMDR to the more generally accepted cognitive-behavioral techniques shows significantly better results with CBT than with EMDR, particularly at three-month follow-up. CBT results also show greater sustainability. Research looking at the different components of EMDR shows that the eye
movement component adds no additional treatment effect to the imagery exposure and the process of dealing with negative beliefs.
Keywords: Behavioral Treatments Fact Sheet Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
66. Hartung, J., & Galvin, M. (2003). Energy psychology & EMDR: Combining forces to optimize treatment (1st ed). New York: W. W. Norton.
Language: English
Format: Book
Abstract:
As clinical and consulting psychologists, we have continually searched for ever better ways to help people. At this point after almost 60 years of combined practice, we have come to rely on energy psychology (EP) and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) as our preferred methods. In this book we present the clinical findings that have led us to believe that these methods excel -- especially in combination -- in helping clients achieve profound change and growth, usually quickly and with stable results.We hope to persuade energy therapists to look at the richness that EMDR has to offer, keeping in mind that the interests of some clients sometimes might be better served by treatment with EMDR than EP. We also hope to convince EMDR clinicians to consider using energy techniques as additional resources for those times when EMDR stalls. For readers yet untrained in either, we offer an overview of the two brief therapies that have transformed our professional lives. [Adapted from Preface]
Keywords: Energy Psychotherapy Psychotherapeutic Processes Stressors Survivors
Accuracy Verified: Yes
67. Keller, M. (2010, July). Enhancing EMDR with mindfulness skills. Presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
“Enhancing EMDR with Mindfulness Skills”
1. Introduction and overview of the evolution of mindfulness practice.
2. Current uses of mindfulness in clinical practice.
3. Summary of research.
4. Similarities between mindfulness and EMDR:
a. Just noticing,
b. “Go with that”,
c. Becoming less reactive to mental content,
d. Living in the present.
5. Enhancing EMDR:
a. Increasing awareness of images, thoughts, emotions, and body sensations,
b. Increasing trust to allow the mind to spontaneously process memory networks,
c. Improving reprocessing between sessions,
d. Reducing reactivity to current and future distress,
e. Improve attunement of the therapist.
6. Brief mindfulness practice and conclusion.
Keywords: Mindfulness Skills
Accuracy Verified: Yes
68. Grand, D. (2007, Novembro). A Essęncia do EMDR [The essence of EMDR]. Apresentaçăo no I Congresso Ibero-Americano de EMDR, Brasília, Brasil.
Language: Portuguese
Format: Conference
Abstract: EMDR á uma abordagem poderosa que já trouxe
cura emocional a milhőes de pessoas que
sofrem com traumas ao redor do mundo. Os
protocolos e procedimentos estăo claramente
desenvolvidos e delineados, mas a essęncia do
EMDR permanece ainda por ser explorarada. Nesta
apresentaçăo olhamos de forma profunda os
fatores que estăo por detrás do EMDR, incluindo as capacidades inerentes do cliente, o ambiente
de contençăo que o terapeuta provę, as qualidades
da relaçăo terapęutica, a sabedoria da integraçăo
mente-corpo e o uso da esperança, possibilidades,
espiritualidade e filosofia que emergem no
processo.
EMDR will be a powerful approach that has brought
emotional healing to millions of people who
suffer from trauma around the world. the
protocols and procedures are clearly
developed and designed, but the essence of
EMDR remains yet to be explorarada. in this
Presentation to look so deep
factors that underlie EMDR, including the inherent capabilities of the client, the environment contention that the therapist provides the qualities the therapeutic relationship, the wisdom of integration
mind-body and the use of hope, possibilities,
spirituality and philosophy that emerged in
process.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
69. Brown, S. H., Stowasser, J. E., & Shapiro, F. (2011). Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR): Mental health-substance use. In D. B. Cooper (Ed.), Intervention in Mental Health-Substance Use (pp. 165-193) United Kingdom: Radcliffe Publishing Ltd .
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
Substance use disorders remain a persistent social and medical problem. According to a
recent report,1 addiction is the number one health problem in the United States. The report
notes that when one considers the direct costs of drug-induced health problems, deaths due
to accidents, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), or drug-related acts of violent crime,
there are ‘more deaths, illnesses and disabilities from substance abuse than from any other
preventable health condition’.1
Most experts today agree that substance use disorders are a complex interaction
between genetics, environment, and experience. ‘Substance dependence is not a failure of
will or of strength of character, but a medical disorder that could affect any human being.
Dependence is a chronic and relapsing disorder, often co-occurring with other physical
and mental conditions’.2
The question remains - Why has it been that over the course of human history,
where people and cultures have had access to alcohol and potent mind-altering substances,
that only some become addicted while the rest are able to regulate their use?
The drugs that people experiencing substance use disorders select are not chosen
randomly, but are a result of an interaction between the psychopharmacologic action of the
drug and the dominant painful feelings with which they struggle. Edward Khantzian,
observed that opiates are often preferred because of their powerful numbing action on the
affects of rage and aggression. Cocaine has its appeal because of its ability to relieve
distress associated with depression. Although ill-fated, ‘addicts discover that the short-term
effects of their drugs of choice help them cope with distressful subjective states and an
external reality otherwise experienced as unmanageable or overwhelming’. Thus emerges a compelling hypothesis, which proposes that people use psychoactive substances in an
attempt to control painful symptoms resulting from psychological trauma. This is referred
to as ‘self-medication’.
Some studies in the United States show that more than 50% of people with mental
disorders also suffer from substance dependence compared to 6% of the general
population.2 It is from our interest in providing integrated treatment for the complex
interaction of genes, environment, trauma, and psychological pain as a driving force behind
mental health-substance use disorders, that this chapter is written.
Keywords: Substance Abuse
Accuracy Verified: Yes
70. Muris, P., & de Jongh, A. (1996, August). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. Kind en Adolescent, 17(3), 128-134. doi:10.1007/BF03060628.
Language: Dutch
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is een nieuwe behandelingsmethode voor posttraumatische stress–stoornis en andere trauma–gerelateerde angstklachten. In essentie behelst EMDR het volgende: cliënten nemen een traumatische of aversieve herinnering in gedachten en voeren onderwijl oogbewegingen uit door de hand van de therapeut te volgen. Onder invloed van de oogbewegingen zouden negatieve herinneringen hun pathogene karakter verliezen en alsnog adequaat worden verwerkt. Na een beknopte uiteenzetting over de achtergrond van EMDR en de toepassing van deze techniek bij kinderen, wordt de procedure beschreven en toegelicht aan de hand van twee gevalsbeschrijvingen. Speciale aandacht gaat daarbij uit naar behandelingsaspecten die voor het gebruik van EMDR bij kinderen relevant kunnen zijn. EMDR lijkt een nuttige aanvulling op reeds beschikbare behandelingsvormen. Vooralsnog is een kritische houding echter geboden.
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a new treatment for post traumatic stress disorder and other trauma-related anxiety. EMDR involves essentially the following: clients take an aversive or traumatic memory in mind and implement the while eye movements in the hands of the therapist to follow. Under the influence of eye movements were negative memories lose their pathogenic character and still be properly processed. After a brief discussion of the background of EMDR and the application of this technique in children, the procedure is described and illustrated by two case reports. Special attention is paid to aspects of treatment for the use of EMDR in children may be relevant. EMDR appears to be a useful complement the available treatment modalities. For now, however, offered a critical attitude.
Keywords: Anxiety Case Report Children Female Phobias Spider Phobia Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Trauma-Related Anxiety
Accuracy Verified: Yes
71. Posterski, J. (2005, July 1). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. EAP News, 9(3), 1-2.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract:
What is EMDR? EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization
and Reprocessing) is a powerful and relatively new form of psychotherapy which has been very successful in helping people
who suffer from trauma, anxiety, panic, disturbing memories, post traumatic stress, and many other emotional challenges.
The EMDR therapy uses bilateral stimulation (eye movement, tactile stimulation, or acoustic stimulation) which repeatedly
activates the opposite sides of the brain, releasing emotional experiences that are Atrapped@ in the nervous system. This assists
the neuro‑physiological system, the basis of the mind/body connection, to free itself of blockages and reconnect itself.
Keywords: EAP Employee Assistance Program
Accuracy Verified: Yes
72. Shapiro, F. (1998, April). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Audio Digest Psychiatry, 27(7).
Language: English
Format: Audio
Abstract:
Origin of EMDR: "I noticed that some disturbing thoughts I
was having were suddenly disappearing, and when I went
to bring them back, they just didn't have the same charge
anymore, they just weren't as emotionally loaded; ..I noticd
that when that kind of thought came to mind, my
eyes started moving spontaneously in a certain way, a very
rapid ballistic movement, and I noticed the thought shift
out of consciousness, and then when I brought it back
again. it no longer had that same charge; . . . I wanted to see
whether it would work if I did it deliberately, so I brought
up something that bothered me, something minor, and I
moved my eyes in the same way, and I found the same
thing happen; the thought shifted, and then on retrieval it
wasn't as valid. it didn't have the same emotional load; .. .
I wanted to see if it would work for anyone else"
Keywords: Lecture Practice Theory Transcript
Accuracy Verified: Yes
73. ten Broeke, E., & de Jongh, A. (2007). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) bij complexe posttraumatische stress-stoornissen [Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in complex post traumatic stress disorder]. In P. G. H. Aarts and W. D. Visser (Eds.), Trauma: diagnostiek en behandeling (2druk.), (pp. 231-252). Houten/Diegem: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum.
Language: Dutch
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) werd eind jaren
tachtig geďntroduceerd door de Amerikaanse psychologe Shapiro (1989a) als
een nieuwe methode voor de behandeling van PTSS en andere aan trauma
gerelateerde psychische aandoeningen. Kenmerkend onderdeel van de
procedure is dat de patiënt wordt gevraagd de traumatische herinnering in
gedachten op te roepen en zich te concentreren op (1) het meest akelige
beeld, (2) de daaraan verbonden betekenis, (3) het actuele affect en (4) de
somatische reacties, waarna een afleidende stimulus wordt aangeboden.
Voorbeelden van dergelijke stimuli zijn ritmische, bilaterale tonen en linksrechts
alternerende handtaps. Maar de meest bekende en meeste gebruikte
methode – EMDR ontleent hieraan immers haar naam –is de patiënt te
vragen met de ogen de hand van de therapeut te volgen, terwijl deze een
aantal snelle bewegingen in het horizontale vlak maakt.
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) was introduced in the late
eighties by the American psychologist Shapiro (1989a) as
a new method for the treatment of PTSD and other trauma
related mental disorders. Distinctive aspect of
procedure is that the patient is asked the traumatic memory in
mind to recall and concentrate on (1) the most dismal
image, (2) the associated significance, (3) affect the current and (4) the
somatic responses, after which a distracting stimulus is presented.
Examples of such incentives are rhythmic, bilateral left and right show
alternating hand taps. But the most famous and most used
method - this is EMDR derives its name, the patient
questions through the eyes of the therapist to follow, while a
number of rapid movements in the horizontal plane makes
Keywords: Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Complex PTSD C-PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
74. ten Broeke, E., & de Jongh, A. (1999). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) bij complexe posttraumatische stress-stoornissen [Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)in complex post traumatic stress disorder]. In P. G. H. Aarts and W. D. Visser (Eds.), Trauma: diagnostiek en behandeling (pp. 321-338). Houten/Diegem: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum.
Language: German
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) werd eind jaren
tachtig geďntroduceerd door de Amerikaanse psychologe Shapiro (1989a) als
een nieuwe methode voor de behandeling van PTSS en andere aan trauma
gerelateerde psychische aandoeningen. Kenmerkend onderdeel van de
procedure is dat de patiënt wordt gevraagd de traumatische herinnering in
gedachten op te roepen en zich te concentreren op (1) het meest akelige
beeld, (2) de daaraan verbonden betekenis, (3) het actuele affect en (4) de
somatische reacties, waarna een afleidende stimulus wordt aangeboden.
Voorbeelden van dergelijke stimuli zijn ritmische, bilaterale tonen en linksrechts
alternerende handtaps. Maar de meest bekende en meeste gebruikte
methode – EMDR ontleent hieraan immers haar naam –is de patiënt te
vragen met de ogen de hand van de therapeut te volgen, terwijl deze een
aantal snelle bewegingen in het horizontale vlak maakt.
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) was late
eighty introduced by the American psychologist Shapiro (1989a) as
a new method for the treatment of PTSD and other trauma
related mental disorders. Distinctive aspect of
procedure is that the patient is asked the traumatic memory in
mind to recall and concentrate on (1) the most dismal
image, (2) the associated significance, (3) affect the current and (4) the
somatic responses, after which a distracting stimulus is presented.
Examples of such incentives are rhythmic, bilateral left and right show
alternating hand taps. But the most famous and most used
method - this is EMDR derives its name, the patient
questions with the eyes by the therapist to follow, while a
number of rapid movements in the horizontal plane makes.
Keywords: Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Complex PTSD C-PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
75. Albright, D. L., Thyer, B., Becker, B. J., & Rubin, A. (2011, November). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in combat veterans. Oslow, Norway: The Campbell Collaboration. Retrieved from www.campbellcollaboration.org on 2/16/2012.
Language: English
Format: Other
Abstract:
EMDR was introduced as a treatment modality about twenty five years ago (Shapiro, 1989). EMDR has eight treatment phases. The first three stages include: 1) history taking; 2) preparation (introduction to the EMDR protocol, coping strategies and affect management techniques) and 3) assessment (bringing to mind an image of a traumatic incident, identifying beliefs and emotions associated with that incident, rating the degree of disturbance felt in recalling the traumatic incident, and rating the validity of preferred cognitions about oneself). During the next phase desensitization the core component of the intervention is implemented. It involves using a dual attention/bilateral stimulation procedure that aims to reprocess the disturbing emotions and cognitions associated with the traumatic incident. The client is instructed to keep in mind the image, beliefs and cognitions while simultaneously visually tracking the therapist’ s fingers as they are moved back and forth in front of the client in a prescribed manner. (Bilateral tactile taps or auditory tones are used instead of eye movements for clients who have difficulty visually tracking.) Bilateral stimulation is also used during the next two phases - installation and body scan - which aim to install a positive cognition to replace the negative cognition associated with the trauma and to reprocess any remaining bodily sensations. During the next phase closure the client is advised about what to do between sessions if experiencing distress. The final phase re-evaluation occurs at the start of the next session and involves identifying and reprocessing any residual material from the previous session or that arose between sessions. The length of treatment sessions varies, but typically lasts from 60 to 90 minutes. The number of treatment sessions also varies, ranging between 5 and 15 sessions. [Excerpt]
Keywords: Combat Veterans Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
76. de Jongh, A., & ten Broeke, E. (1996, April). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): Een procedure voor de behandeling van aan trauma gerelateerde angst [Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): A procedure for the treatment of trauma-related anxiety]. Tijdschrift voor Psychotherapie, 22(2), 53-64. doi:10.1007/BF03079287.
Language: Dutch
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR ) is een relatief nieuwe procedure op het terrein van de psychotherapie. Ervaringen met EMDR geven aanleiding tot hoopvolle verwachtingen van de behandeling van diverse aan trauma gerelateerde angststoornissen, met name post–traumatische stress–stoornis (PTSS). Onderdeel van deze procedure is dat de therapeut bij de cliënt een aantal snelle en ritmische oogbewegingen uitlokt door te vragen zijn of haar vinger te volgen, terwijl de cliënt een beeld van de traumatische herinnering in gedachten houdt. In dit artikel worden de achtergronden en de principes van EMDR belicht en wordt de stapsgewijze procedure uitvoerig beschreven. Een gevalsbeschrijving van een cliënt met een paniekstoornis en een tandartsfobie laat zien dat EMDR kan leiden tot een langdurige vermindering van angstklachten. Tevens wordt ingegaan op de huidige stand van zaken van de wetenschappelijke ondersteuning van EMDR . Het toepassen van EMDR bij PTSSwordt door wetenschappelijk onderzoek gesteund, maar empirische ondersteuning voor de therapeutische effectiviteit van EMDR bij andere angststoornissen ontbreekt.
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a relatively new procedure in the field of psychotherapy. Experiences with EMDR give rise to hopes of treating various anxiety disorders related to trauma, especially post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Part of this procedure is that the therapist and the client a number of rapid rhythmic eye movements provoked by asking his or her finger to follow, while the customer a picture of the traumatic memory in mind. This article describes the background and principles of EMDR and highlights the stepwise procedure in detail. A case report of a patient with a dental phobia and panic disorder showed that EMDR could lead to a prolonged reduction of anxiety. It also discusses the current state of the scientific support of EMDR. The use of EMDR in PTSSwordt supported by scientific research, but empirical support for the therapeutic efficacy of EMDR with other anxiety disorders is lacking.
Keywords: Clinical Case Study Dental Phobia Empirical Study Follow-up Study Panic Disorder Phobia Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Stressors Survivors Treatment Effectiveness
Accuracy Verified: Yes
77. Kneff, J. C., & Krebs, K. (2004, November- December). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): Another helpful mind-body technique to treat GI problems. Gastroenterology Nursing, 27(6), 286-287.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
No abstract available.
Keywords: GI Problems
Accuracy Verified: Yes
78. Hase, M. H. (2006). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing zur beeinflussung des cravings alkoholabhängiger [Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing to influence of cravings of alcohol]. Aus der Abteilung PsychosomatischeMedizin und Psychotherapie der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover.
Language: German
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract:
Klinische Erfahrung und Ergebnisse der experimentellen Suchtforschung weisen auf die
Existenz eines Suchtgedächtnisses hin (Heyne, May et al. 2000; Böning 2001; Spanagel
2001). Nach wie vor ist dies Konzept jedoch umstritten (Böning 2000; Tretter 2000; Wolffgramm
and Heyne 2000). Dabei könnte eine mögliche therapeutische Beeinflussung eines
Suchtgedächtnisses von erheblicher Bedeutung sein. Die etablierten Therapieangebote der
Suchtmedizin versuchen eine angenommene und je nach theoretischem Hintergrund unterschiedliche
Grundstörung zu behandeln, zielen auf ein verbessertes Coping, beeinflussen
aber kaum die zugrunde liegenden Mechanismen der Abhängigkeit sui generis. Eine
tiefgreifende Veränderung der Abhängigkeit ist somit nicht zu erwarten. Vielmehr liegt die
Abhängigkeit beständig „auf der Lauer“ (Böning 2001b). Eine Aktivierung des Suchtgedächtnisses
wird mit dem Phänomen des Suchtdrucks, des Cravings in Verbindung gebracht
und ist hier im Kern der Abhängigkeit, dem Verlust an Kontrolle über das eigene
Verhalten, zu sehen. Die therapeutische Beeinflussung des Cravings wird aufgrund der
großen Bedeutung für eine Abstinenz zum Beispiel bei Alkoholabhängigen intensiv erforscht.
Bisher wurden vordringlich medikamentöse Strategien untersucht. Obwohl hier einige
Fortschritte erreicht wurden (Böning 1999; Croissant 2004; Croissant, Scherle et al.
2004 (b)), können die vorliegenden Ergebnisse noch nicht zufrieden stellen (Wiesbeck,
Weijers et al. 1999; Wiesbeck,Weijers et al. 2000; Böning 2001; Schmidt, Kuhn et al. 2002;
Körkel and Schindler 2003). Zudem ist in Anbetracht des Leib-Seele-Dualismus ein psychotherapeutischer
Ansatz zur Ergänzung der medikamentösen Anti-Craving-Behandlung
wünschenswert. Dabei ist in Anbetracht des intensiven Leidens abhängiger Menschen und
der sozioökonomischen Belastung durch Abhängigkeitserkrankungen eine Effektivierung
der Therapie von großerWichtigkeit.
Clinical experience and results of the experimental addiction research point to the existence of a Suchtgedächtnisses (Heyne, May et al. 2000; Böning 2001; Spanagel 2001). As before, this concept remains controversial (Boening 2000; Tretter, 2000; Wolff grams and Heyne 2000). This could be a possible therapeutic influence Suchtgedächtnisses one of considerable importance. The established treatment of Addiction Medicine offers an accepted and try to treat depending on the theoretical background of different basic fault, are aimed at improved coping influence, but hardly the underlying mechanisms of dependence sui generis. A profound change in the dependence is unlikely to happen. Rather, the dependence is constantly on the lookout "(Böning 2001b). Activation of the Suchtgedächtnisses is the phenomenon of craving, the Cravings brought together and is at the core of addiction, the loss seen in control over one's behavior. The therapeutic influence of craving is studied intensively because of the great importance for abstinence, for example, in alcoholics. So far, urgent medical strategies have been investigated. Although some progress has been achieved here (Boening 1999; Croissant 2004; Croissant, Scherle et al. 2004 (b)), these results may not satisfy (Wiesbeck, Weijers et al. 1999; Wiesbeck, Weijers et al. 2000; Böning 2001; Schmidt, Kuhn et al. 2002; Koerkel and Schindler 2003). Moreover, in view of the mind-body dualism, a psychotherapeutic approach to supplement the anti-craving drug treatment desirable. This is in view of the intense suffering of dependent people and the socio-economic burden of disease, more effective, depending on the treatment of großerWichtigkeit.
Keywords: Alcoholism Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Therapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
79. Shapiro, F. (1995). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Basic principles, protocols, and procedures, 1st Ed. New York: Guilford Press.
Language: English
Format: Book
Abstract:
This book reviews research and development; discusses theoretical constructs and possible underlying mechanisms; and presents protocols and procedures for treatment of adults and children with a range of complaints. Among the many clinical populations for whom the material is this volume is applicable are victims of sexual abuse, violence, combat, grief, and phobias.To assist the learning process, detailed descriptions and transcripts guide the clinician through every stage of therapeutic treatment, ranging from the safety issues necessary for appropriate client selection through the administration of EMDR and its integration within a comprehensive treatment plan. Only licensed mental health professionals, or those under direct supervision of licensed clinicians, should use the procedures and protocols in this book. The book has been written with four kinds of readers in mind: academicians, researchers, clinicians, and clinical graduate students. [Adapted from Text]
Keywords: Abuse Adults Assessment Child Abuse Children DID Dissociative Identity Disorder Dissociative Symptoms Incest Methodology Neurophysiology Patient Selection Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Spouse Survivors Veterans
Accuracy Verified: Yes
80. Shapiro, F. (2001). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Basic principles, protocols, and procedures, 2nd Ed. New York: Guilford Press.
Language: English
Format: Book
Abstract:
This book reviews research and development; discusses theoretical constructs and possible underlying mechanisms; and presents protocols and procedures for treatment of adults and children with a range of complaints. Among the many clinical populations for whom the material is this volume is applicable are victims of sexual abuse, violence, combat, grief, and phobias. To assist the learning process, detailed descriptions and transcripts guide the clinician through every stage of therapeutic treatment, ranging from the safety issues necessary for appropriate client selection through the administration of EMDR and its integration within a comprehensive treatment plan. Only licensed mental health professionals, or those under direct supervision of licensed clinicians, should use the procedures and protocols in this book. The book has been written with four kinds of readers in mind: academicians, researchers, clinicians, and clinical graduate students. [Adapted from Text of 1st Edition]
Keywords: Adults Assessment Child Abuse Children Dissociative Identity Disorder Dissociative Symptoms Incest Methodology Neurophysiology Patient Selection Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Spouse Abuse Survivors Veterans
Accuracy Verified: Yes
81. Datta, P. C. (1995). Eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR) and clinical hypnosis (CH): Possible role of melatonin in the attenuation of trauma. In G. D. Burrows & R. Stanley, (Eds.) Contemporary International Hypnosis, Proceedings of the XIIIth International Congress of Hypnosis, Melbourne, Australia, August 6-12, 1994 (pp. 177-188). New York: Wiley.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
Eye movement desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), also called by some EMD or EMD/R, is a relatively new therapeutic procedure. This therapeutically beneficial procedure was originally designed and envisaged for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) by Dr. Francine Shapiro (Shapiro, 1989, a,b). Various subsequent studies showed that -4 sessions (ach of ˝ to 2 hrs duration) of EMDR are effective in significantly reducing the traumatic memories and associated anxiety to negligible levels (Lipke & Botkin, 1992; Shapiro, 1989 a,b; Spector & Huthwaite, 1993). There are, however, scanty reports of lack of treatment outcome with EMDR which has been explained by the client’s lack of cooperation in following the procedure or the therapist’s lack of experience (Lipke & Botkin, 1992). Similar reports are available with many other effective therapeutic procedures including clinical hypnosis (CH), mainly where there is “fear of failure” or “anxiety to succeed” present in the client’s mind, in addition to lack of experience of the therapist (Hartland, 1982).
Accuracy Verified: Yes
82. Rose, B. K. (2004). Eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR): A treatment protocol for addicted inmates with traumatic histories. Carlos Albizu University, Miami, FL. AAT 3102092.
Language: English
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract: S
ubstance Abuse is the use and abuse of mood and mind altering substances often having undesired effects on the lives of those addicted, and having a negative impact on the lives of others. Those addicted may expose themselves and others to physical and psychological harm; may create forensic problems; cause disintegration of the family, and problematic interpersonal relationships. Underlying reasons for addictive behavior include but are not limited to: genetic predisposition, psychosocial involvement, psychobiological complications, developmental conditions, and pre-existing psychological and environmental events. Some deficits found in those addicted include: poor coping skills, inability to problem solve, inability to function in difficult situations, and may use cognitive avoidance as a means of coping with life. The idea that children might be negatively impacted by exposure to substance abuse using parents is not a new revelation. However, the degree of damage done to these children is severe, and more is being learned about the severity of that damage. Children often are enmeshed with their dysfunctional families, and many problems arise involving their inability to maintain intimate relationships with others. Attachment issues may develop in infancy and early stages of maturation, and adversely affect children's ability to function as adults. Abusive pasts and traumatic incidents often may hinder the psychological growth and maturity of those who have experienced trauma and abuse.Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) is a fairly new concept of treatment. It was first designed to address therapy with those who had been exposed to trauma. However, over the past 22 years since its inception, it has been adapted to treat many other types of Axis I disorders. It has been determined that EMDR is useful in addressing substance abuse and other Axis I diagnoses, especially PTSD. Hiller, Knight, and Simpson completed a study with 161 persons who resided at a residential halfway house for newly released inmates. Their results found: 80% of the sample of had psychological problems; 72% had significant drug abuse problems; 58% had concurrent psychopathology and drug abuse problems. Research indicates prison confinement is increasing, and the idea of therapy in the forensic setting is gaining in popularity. Thus, the purpose of this dissertation is to design a substance abuse program to address the difficulties of substance abuse treatment for the dual diagnosed clients. The data collected from this program will help provide much needed information in order to further research and increase our understanding of the needs of this underserved population. [Author Abstract]
Keywords: Comorbidity Drug Abuse Prison Inmates Psychiatric Disorders Stressors Survivors Therapeutic Community
Accuracy Verified: Yes
83. Shapiro, F. (1989, September). Eye movement desensitization: A new treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 20(3), 211-217. doi:10.1016/0005-7916(89)90025-6.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
The use of saccadic eye movements for treating PTSD is described. The procedure involves eliciting from clients sequences of large-magnitude, rhythmic saccadic eye movements while holding in mind the most salient aspect of a traumatic memory. This results in (1) a lasting reduction of anxiety, (2) changes in the cognitive assessment of the memory, and (3) cessation of flashbacks, intrusive thoughts, and sleep disturbances. The procedure can be extremely effective in only one session, as indicated by a previous controlled study and a case history presented here. It does not require a hierarchical approach, as in desensitization, or the elicitation of disturbingly high levels of anxiety over a prolonged period of time, as in flooding. Some speculations are offered concerning the basis for the effectiveness of procedure. [Author Summary]
Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
84. Hendrick, B. (1994, August 15). Eye therapy credited with relieving trauma: Method eases pain of bad memories. Atlanta, GA: The Atlanta Journal and The Atlanta Constitution National News, A4.
Language: English
Format: Newspaper
Abstract:
A study released in Los Angeles Saturday suggests you can remove the pain of traumatic memories from your mind by moving your eyes from side to side. The process is called Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), and many psychologists are eyeing it as a treatment method for people troubled by memories of natural disasters, the death of a loved one, an assault, an accident or even military combat.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
85. Glaser, G. (2006, August 23). Eye-catching therapy: An unusual treatment for post-traumatic stress, eye movement desensitization goes mainstream. Portland, OR: The Oregonian, Sunrise, Living, C01.
Language: English
Format: Newspaper
Abstract:
It had been almost a year since the accident, and Lynn Hornbuckle felt herself getting worse, not better.
She could not escape the deafening sound of the screeching tires and breaking glass. She was unable to
turn her mind away from the moment the truck slammed into her Mercedes near Bend, killing a woman in
the car behind her. Worst of all, Hornbuckle's arm, which required four surgeries and an excruciating skin
graft, throbbed, as if the bones themselves remembered.
Keywords: General Overview Portland
Accuracy Verified: Yes
86. Vaughan, K., Wiese, M., Gold, R., & Tarrier, N. (1994, April). Eye-movement desensitisation: Symptom change in post-traumatic stress disorder. British Journal of Psychiatry, 164(4), 533-541. doi:10.1192/bjp.164.4.533 .
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
A novel approach is described for the treatment of PTSD. Eye-movement desensitisation (EMD) requires the patient to generate images of the trauma in the mind and define physiological and emotional arousal states. While concentrating on these states, lateral multisaccardic eye movements are induced. Ten consecutive cases are reported who presented with symptoms originating from a range of traumas. The effectiveness of EMD in reducing symptoms outlined by DSM-III-R is described. An independent rater indicated that eight of the ten cases showed considerable improvement in the PTSD symptoms following EMD, which was maintained at follow-up. Particular reference is given to the 'specificity' of EMD in treating symptoms and the changing pattern of effect at follow-up. [Author Abstract]
Keywords: Adults Australians Females Longitudinal Study Males Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Stressors Survivors Treatment Effectiveness
Accuracy Verified: Yes
87. Medeiros, K. (2009). Eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing: Implementation and utilization of EMDR as a treatment for trauma. Undergraduate Review, 5(9), 32-36.
Language: English
Format: Audio
Abstract:
Trauma is a pervasive global issue that affects both children and adults.
It is officially defined in the most recent Diagnostic Manual as an event
that threatens death or serious injury, and that elicits a response of
fear, helplessness, or horror (American Psychiatric Association, 2002).
Other respected definitions include a “sudden, unexpected, overwhelmingly intense
emotional blow....[that] quickly becomes incorporated into the mind” (Terr,
1992, p. 8), and something that makes “both internal and external resources...
inadequate to cope with external threat” (Van der Kolk, 1989, p. 393). Literature
suggests that people who have experienced trauma may present with symptoms
including depression, anxiety, insomnia, phobias, delayed development, difficulty
maintaining social relationships, and personality disorders.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
88. Barrowcliff, A. L., Gray, N. S., Freeman, T. C. A., & MacCulloch, M. J. (2004, June). Eye-movements reduce the vividness, emotional valence and electrodermal arousal associated with negative autobiographical memories. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology, 15(2), 325–345. doi:10.1080/14789940410001673042.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of eyemovements
on subjective and psychophysiological measures of arousal and
distress associated with positive and negative autobiographical memories.
These memories were ‘brought-to-mind’ whilst engaging in eye-movement or
eyes-stationary conditions in a counterbalanced within subjects design, with
pre and post eye-condition subjective ratings of emotional valence and image
vividness. Participants also rated current symptomatology associated with
negative memories using the Impact of Events Scale. Engagement in eye-movements
compared to the eyes-stationary condition resulted in significant
reductions on measures of vividness and emotional valence for both positive
and negative autobiographical memories. Reductions in electrodermal arousal
were only observed when engaging in eye-movements following elicitation of
the negative memory. This effect was observed independently of symptom
severity.
Keywords: Eye Movements
Accuracy Verified: Yes
89. PR Newswire. (2001, January 1). Famed EMDR psychologist abandoned her patient in the middle of controversial treatment (EMDR) aimed at helping patient recover from significant childhood abuse. San Francsico, CA: PR News Wire, State and Regional News.
Language: English
Format: Newspaper
Abstract:
EMDR is a treatment modality for use with adults who have been abused as children, which is purported to help them clear their trauma more rapidly and to lead full, productive lives. In using EMDR treatment, a patient is asked to hold in mind an image of the trauma, a negative self-cognition, negative emotions and related physical sensations about the trauma. While doing so, the client is instructed to move their eyes quickly and laterally back and forth for about 15-20 seconds, following the therapist's fingers or some other stimulation device. The patient then reports the images, cognitions, emotions and physical sensations that emerge. This procedure continues until "desensitization" of the troubling material is complete and positive self-cognitions have replaced the previous negative self-cognition.
Keywords: General Overview San Francisco
Accuracy Verified: No
90. Fowler, K. B. (2007, January). The first symptoms of psychosis. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 33(1), 16-18.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Episodes of significant depression have been a part of my life for as long as I can recall, but psychosis was unknown to me until I was in my mid-thirties, months after the birth of my second child. At first, all I recognized were the emerging symptoms of postpartum depression in the weeks after the birth: a familiar scenario, since it had also occurred with my first child. My doctor immediately prescribed 50mg of Prozac daily. I took the medication, felt much better, and continued to breastfeed my second daughter with no apparent problems. In fact, for about four months I felt better than I had in years. My therapist, an LCSW, was thrilled with my progress. She had been treating me with a technique called Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). The therapy worked. In this article I present essays. These essays are my recollections of some of the new, and very foreign, moments in the beginning of that process, as my mind gradually turned from sane to psychotic. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: First Symptoms Psychosis Postpartum Depression Schizophrenia Symptoms
Accuracy Verified: Yes
91. Browning, C. (1999). Flotar hacia atrás y flotar hacia delante: Técnicas para ligar el pasado, Presente y futuro [Floatback and Float Forward: Techniques for the Tie Past, Present and Future]. Presentation at EMDRIA Latinoamericana.
Language: Spanish
Format: Conference
Abstract:
El protocolo estándar de EMDR requiere enfocar los orígenes de la perturbación, los gatillos del presente y crear un patrón de conductas adecuadas para el futuro (Shapiro). Algunos pacientes, sin embargo pueden tener dificultades para conectar su problema actual con acontecimientos del pasado. Así también, otros pacientes pueden tener dificultades para crear patrones positivos para el futuro, especialmente si ensayar conductas nuevas los pone ansiosos. Para estos problemas las técnicas de "Flotar hacia atrás" y "Flotar hacia delante" desarrolladas por William Zangwill Ph. D., entrenador del Instituto EMDR, son métodos efectivos para ligar el pasado, presente y futuro en un ámbito terapéutico y proveen al terapeuta de instrumentos para abordar eficientemente ambos temas.
LA TÉCNICA DE FLOTAR HACIA ATRÁS
Abordar recuerdos tempranos asociados con el material perturbador es fundamental para EMDR. Shapiro dice que ayudar al paciente a encontrar un recuerdo temprano "debe ser una de las primeras opciones que debe considerar al terapeuta..." (Shapiro, 1995). La Técnica de Flotar hacia atrás es un camino eficiente y poderoso para llegar a esta meta, permitiendo al terapeuta asistir al paciente a llevar a cabo sus propias asociaciones con acontecimientos del pasado. Su uso es muy apropiado cuando el terapeuta sospecha que una perturbación que el paciente experimenta en el presente, tiene sus raíces en experiencias del pasado; especialmente cuando preguntas como "Cuál es su recuerdo más temprano en relación a lo que se siente ahora? no ha tenido éxito en ayudar al paciente a conectar con eventos del pasado. También cuando un paciente presenta un tema o experiencia recurrente, la Técnica de Flotar hacia Atrás es ideal para ayudar al paciente a identificar un target para el reprocesamiento. Muchos pacientes se ponen en contacto con los problemas actuales con relativa facilidad. Por ejemplo, una paciente que se queja que se siente abandonada cuando su marido se va de viaje de negocios, probablemente pueda recordar sus problemas actuales con facilidad. Entonces el terapeuta puede aplicar la Técnica de Flotar hacia Atrás para ayudarle a la paciente a recordar un acontecimiento del pasado con rapidez y eficiencia.
Para usar la Técnica de Flotar hacia Atrás, arme el protocolo con el problema actual, utilizando los pasos que figuran en el Manual de Entrenamiento del Nivel I y del Nivel II (Shapiro, 1994) incluyendo la imagen, la cognición negativa (CN), la cognición positiva (CP), la validación de la cognición (VoC), emociones, Unidad Subjetiva de Perturbación (SUD) y sensación corporal. Sin embargo, no incide todavía el procesamiento (es decir, movimientos oculares u otra estimulación). En vez de eso, diga a su paciente: "Fíjese en la imagen de... y esas palabras (repita la imagen perturbadora del paciente y su cognición negativa), fíjese que emociones le vienen y donde las siente en el cuerpo. Ahora cierre los ojos y deje que su mente flote hacia atrás a un período anterior en su vida, no busque, simplemente deje que su mente flote a una época donde usted pensaba cosas similares... (repita las emociones que dijo el paciente) en ...(repita los lugares del cuerpo donde el paciente sintió las sensaciones). Cuando esté listo abra los ojos y dígame lo primero que le viene a la mente".
Utilice esta experiencia más temprana como target, completando todos los items del protocolo: imagen, CN, CP, VoC, emociones, SUD y ubicación de las sensaciones corporales y comience a procesar con movimientos oculares u otro estímulo bilateral. Una vez que se ha procesado este material, vuelva al target original del material actual. Muy a menudo se generaliza el trabajo realizado sobre el material más temprano y ya no hace falta procesar el material actual.
Es importante usar términos generales cuando se le dan al paciente las instrucciones de la Técnica de Flotar hacia Atrás, es decir, pedir un recuerdo temprano y no el más temprano. Hay varias razones que avalan esto. Primero, muchas veces es el peor recuerdo y no el primero que funciona como el mejor target para el reprocesamiento,. Además, usar términos generales es una ayuda para los pacientes más compulsivos y perfeccionistas que de otra manera estarían demasiado preocupados en no equivocarse y encontrar exactamente la primera asociación. Finalmente, la flexibilidad que permite la utilización de términos generales más que términos específicos aumenta la posibilidad de éxito del paciente de conectarse con el pasado que es la meta de esta técnica.
El rasgo esencial de la Técnica de Flotar hacia Atrás es usar las preguntas del protocolo para conectar los problemas del presente con eventos del pasado. Pasar las preguntas como fueron desarrolladas por Shapiro es un potente método para ayudar a los pacientes a sintonizar con todos los aspectos de su experiencia del problema. El material perturbador se vuelve más vívido y actual para el paciente y posibilita recordar experiencias similares. Se supone, como hipótesis, que al haber desarrollado el protocolo con todas las preguntas sobre el problema actual, estimula la red neuronal de asociaciones y posibilita casi sin esfuerzo el "flotar hacia atrás" a asociaciones tempranas.
Además, el vínculo paciente-terapeuta es realzado porque el terapeuta valida la experiencia del paciente (la perturbación actual) al empezar el trabajo desde el punto en el que se encuentra el paciente. Las asociaciones son del paciente, eliminando el tema de la resistencia a cualquier idea o interpretación introducida por el terapeuta. El paciente se da cuenta vivencialmente de la conexión del presente con el pasado usando la Técnica de Flotar hacia Atrás, pudiendo esquivar la evitación y otras defensas.
LA TÉCNICA DE FLOTAR HACIA DELANTE
Mientras que la Técnica de Flotar hacia Atrás posibilita muy a menudo que los pacientes vean y sientan la conexión entre el problema actual y los eventos pasados, la Técnica de Flotar hacia delante permite que el paciente identifique y reprocese la ansiedad anticipatoria y desarrolle patrones positivos para el futuro. Es un método que puede ser utilizado en cualquier momento del proceso terapéutico para solucionar bloqueos, renuencias y en algunos casos, resistencias o temas de beneficios secundarios o pérdidas. Es especialmente útil para trabajar con el miedo del paciente a hacer EMDR.
Para ponerlo en práctica, primero pida al paciente que imagine lo peor que le puede pasar si hace "X" (por ej. probar una nueva conducta, testear una nueva habilidad, empezar una experiencia nueva). żQué es lo peor que le puede pasar si hace EMDR? Que es lo peor que le puede pasar si soluciona este problema? żQué es lo peor que le puede pasar si le pone límites a su jefe respecto a la cantidad de trabajo que espera que usted haga? El paciente puede necesitar ayuda para identificar la peor escena. Algunas sugerencias incluyen el miedo a perder el control de sus emociones, el miedo a perder el control de sus funciones corporales como el control de esfínteres, miedo a tener un ataque de pánico, y no poder manejar su vida emocional entre las sesiones.
Una vez que el paciente ha identificado el incidente, pregunte por la peor parte de esa escena y utilícelo como el target de EMDR, armando el protocolo con las preguntas estándar, pero con una leve modificación: pregunte por la imagen que representa la peor parte del peor incidente, por ej. "Cuando usted ve una imagen de si mismo/a haciendo......, que es lo peor que puede pasar?"
Después siga con el resto de las preguntas estándar, es decir, CN, CP, VoC, emociones, SUD, y ubicación de la sensación corporal. Estimule el procesamiento del paciente con movimientos oculares u otro estímulo bilateral.
Si el desarrollo de la peor escena del paciente le provoca un miedo racional, puede que se tengan que tomar medidas prácticas para solucionar estas preocupaciones. Por ejemplo, usando la técnica de flotar hacia delante con un chico de 13 ańos que estaba en un hogar adoptivo transitorio, la peor escena evocada por él fue: "Me van a devolver al Hogar si esta adopción no resulta". Durante el procesamiento, el SUD se redujo de 8 a 3 con bastante rapidez pero de ahí no bajaba. El paciente comentó que no bajaba porque esta "peor escena" podría sucederle realmente y le había sucedido en el pasado. Paramos los movimientos oculares, charlamos un rato y elaboramos un plan para: a) una sesión con sus padres adoptivos para hablar sobre la permanencia de la adopción y b) una llamada en conferencia a su asesor legal para clarificar sus derechos y opciones. Volviendo al target después de esto, le fue posible reducir el SUD a 1 con unos pocos sets de movimientos oculares.
Al utilizar la Técnica de Flotar hacia delante para reprocesar la peor escena, el paciente tiene una oportunidad para resolver la ansiedad anticipatoria. Durante la instalación de la cognición positiva, el paciente está creando patrones positivos para acciones en el futuro. Una mujer cuyo hermano fue verbalmente abusivo con ella en la infancia y en la actualidad la intimidaba, armó una "peor escena" con: "Va a ser igualmente abusivo cuando lo vea la próxima vez". La paciente había hecho mucho EMDR, reprocesando incidentes de la infancia relacionados con el abuso verbal del hermano. Sin embargo, sin un referente positivo vivencial, seguía ansiosa cada vez que interactuaba con él. Pidiéndole que "flote hacia delante" y usando EMDR sobre una de las peores escenas, alivió su ansiedad respecto a una fiesta familiar que tenía pendiente. Instalando una CP de "Ahora estoy más fuerte" le permitió crear una imagen de si misma manejando a su hermano con humor y sintiéndose segura.
A aplicar las Técnicas de Flotar hacia Atrás y hacia Delante y ocuparse así del pasado, presente y futuro, el terapeuta de EMDR puede sanar mejor a su paciente. Es más, las Técnicas de Flotar hacia Atrás y hacia Delante están basadas en EMDR. Las dos incorporan las preguntas del protocolo standard y le dan al terapeuta y al paciente la oportunidad de manejarse más fluidamente con dicho protocolo.
EMDR standard protocol requires a focus of the origins of the disturbance, the triggers of this and create a pattern of behaviors appropriate to the future (Shapiro). Some patients, however, may have difficulty connecting the current problem with past events. Also, other patients may have difficulty creating positive patterns for the future, especially if you try new behaviors makes them anxious. For these problems the techniques of "float back" and "Float forward" developed by William Zangwill Ph.D., EMDR Institute trainer, are effective methods to link the past, present and future in a therapeutic area and provide the therapist tools to effectively address both issues.
THE ART OF FLOATING BACK
Addressing early memories associated with foreign material is essential to EMDR. Shapiro said that helping the patient to find early memory "must be one of the first options to consider when therapist ..." (Shapiro, 1995). Floating Technique back is a powerful and efficient way to reach this goal, allowing the therapist to assist the patient to carry out their own associations with past events. Its use is most appropriate when the clinician suspects that a disturbance that the patient is experiencing at present, is rooted in past experiences, especially when questions like "What is your earliest memory in relation to what you feel now? Not been successful in helping patients to connect with past events. Also when a patient has a recurrent theme or experience, the Backward Floating Technique is ideal for helping the patient to identify a target for reprocessing. Many patients come into contact with the current problems with relative ease. For example, a patient who complains that she feels abandoned when her husband goes on a business trip, you can probably recall their current problems with ease. Then the therapist can apply the technique Float Backwards to help the patient to remember a past event quickly and efficiently.
To use the technique to back float, arm the protocol to the current problem, using the steps listed in the Training Manual Level I and Level II (Shapiro, 1994) including the image, negative cognition (NC) positive cognition (PC), validation of cognition (VoC), emotions, Subjective Unit of Disturbance (SUD) and bodily sensation. However, it still affects the processing (ie, eye movements or other stimulation). Instead, tell your patient: "Look at the picture ... and those words (repetition of the disturbing image of the patient and negative cognition), note that emotions come from and where you sit on the body. Now close eyes and let your mind float back to an earlier period in your life, look no further, just let your mind float to a time when you thought things like ... (repeat the emotions that said the patient) .. . (repeat parts of the body where the patient felt the sensation). When you are ready open your eyes and tell me the first thing that comes to mind. "
Use this early experience as a target, completing all protocol items: image, CN, CP, VoC, emotions, SUD and location of bodily sensations and begin processing with eye movements or other bilateral stimulation. Once this material has been processed, return to the original target of the current material. Very often we generalize the work done on the earlier material and no longer have to render the current material.
It is important to use general terms when the patient is given instructions Technique Float Backwards, ie a memory request early and not earlier. There are several reasons that support this. First, it is often the worst memory and not the first that works as the best target for reprocessing. In addition, using general terms is an aid for compulsive and perfectionistic patients who otherwise would be too concerned with avoiding failure and find exactly the first association. Finally, the flexibility that allows the use of general rather than specific terms increases the likelihood of success of the patient to connect with the past that is the goal of this technique.
The essential feature of the technique is to use Float Backwards questions of protocol to connect the problems of the present with past events. Skip the questions and were developed by Shapiro is a powerful method to help patients to tune into all aspects of their experience of the problem. The foreign material becomes more vivid and present to the patient and possible recall similar experiences. It is assumed, arguendo, that having developed the protocol with all the questions about the current problem, the neural network encourages and facilitates partnerships almost effortlessly "float back" early associations.
In addition, the patient-therapist relationship is enhanced because the therapist validates the patient's experience (current disruption) to start work from the point where the patient is. Partnerships are the patient, eliminating the issue of resistance to any idea or interpretation introduced by the therapist. The patient realizes experientially connecting the present with the past by using the technique Float Backwards, can avoid the avoidance and other defenses.
THE ART OF FLOATING FORWARD
While technology enables Float Backwards often patients to see and feel the connection between the current problem and past events, the forward float technique allows the patient to identify and reprocess anticipatory anxiety and develop positive patterns the future. It is a method that can be used at any time of the therapeutic process to troubleshoot crashes, reluctance and in some cases, resistance or topics of ancillary benefits or losses. It is especially useful for working with the patient's fear to do EMDR.
To put this into practice, first ask the patient to imagine the worst that can happen if you "X" (eg. Try a new behavior, test a new skill, start a new experience.) What's the worst that can happen if you EMDR? That's the worst that can happen if you solve this problem? What's the worst that can happen if you put your head limits on the amount of work expected to do? The patient may need help to identify the worst scene. Some suggestions include fear of losing control of his emotions, fear of losing control of their bodily functions such as bowel and bladder control, fear of having a panic attack and can not manage their emotional life between sessions.
Once the patient has identified the incident, ask for the worst part of that scene and use it as the target of EMDR, setting up the protocol with the standard questions, but with a slight modification: ask for the image that represents the worst of worst incident, eg. "When you see a picture of him / herself by ......, it's the worst that can happen?"
Then follow with the rest of the standard questions, ie, CN, CP, VoC, emotions, SUD, and location of bodily sensation. Stimulate the processing of patients with eye movements or other bilateral stimulation.
If the development of the patient's worst scene provokes a rational fear, you may have to take practical steps to address these concerns. For example, using the technique of floating forward with a boy of 13 who was in a temporary foster home, the worst scene evoked for him was: "I will return home if this adoption is not." During processing, the LDS was reduced from 8 to 3 fairly quickly but it does not down. The patient said he did not go down because the "worst scene" could really happen and had happened in the past. Eye movements stopped, we chatted a while and developed a plan for: a) a meeting with her adoptive parents to discuss the permanence of the adoption and b) a conference call to his legal adviser to clarify your rights and options. Returning to the target after that, it was possible to reduce the LDS-1 with a few sets of eye movements.
Using Floating Technique forward to reprocess the worst scenario, the patient has an opportunity to resolve the anticipatory anxiety. During the installation of the positive cognition, the patient is creating positive patterns for future action. A woman whose brother was verbally abusive to her children and now intimidated, put together a "worst stage" with: "It will be equally unfair when I see him next time." The patient had done much EMDR reprocessing childhood incidents related to verbal abuse of his brother. However, without a positive reference experiential, still anxious every time I interacted with him. Asking him to "float forward" and using EMDR on one of the worst scenes, relieved her anxiety about a family party that was pending. Installing a CP of "I'm stronger now allowed him to create an image of herself driving her brother with humor and feeling safe.
To apply the techniques to float back and forth and deal well past, present and future, the EMDR therapist can heal your patient better. Moreover, techniques to float back and forth are based on EMDR. Both incorporate the standard protocol questions and give the therapist and the patient the opportunity to be managed more smoothly with this protocol.
Keywords: Floatback Technique Float Foward Technique
Accuracy Verified: Yes
92. Sime, W. (1999). From critic to consumer: Evolving personal conceptions of EMDR applications in sport psychology. Symposium conducted at the annual conference of the Association of the Advancement of Applied Sport Psychology, Banff, Alberta, Canada.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Initial responses of this presenter to EMDRIA years ago were
not favorable. Now there is cautious optimism that the
procedure is safe, valid, and effective. While multichannel
EEG wave forms do not reveal a significant change in brain
state before and after a bout of training, there may be more
quantifiable measures with newer brain mapping procedures.
Successful cases have been seen ranging from severely
injured athletes fearful of return to competition to an
obsessive/compulsive disorder involving exercise as the
repetitive, problematic behavior. Ironically, the procedure
itself is so routine that it probably is used unknowingly by
some elite athletes who have developed preperformance
routines that involve repetitive left/right motions or eye
movement. Regardless of the function, process, and
mechanism of action, it would appear that EMDR is a
promising technique that can be applied effectively with
athletes who have injury and/or performance breakdown
Keywords: Athletes Performance Breakdown Sports Psychology Symposium
Accuracy Verified: Yes
93. Marries, D. (2011, March 3). Giffords' aide on the road to recovery for both mind and body. KOLD News 13, Tucson, AZ [2 p].
Language: English
Format: Newspaper
Abstract:
Barber is meeting with a counselor and using a form of psychotherapy called EMDR, or eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, "it hasn't stopped the dreams the dreams or stopped the remembering but it has given me a way to deal with emotion that comes up."
Keywords: Barber General Gifford Overview Gifford
Accuracy Verified: Yes
94. Paulsen, S. L. (2006, April). Giving the body a voice with EMDR, ego state therapy and somatic psychotherapy. Presentation at 11th Annual Northwest Regional Conference on Trauma Disorders Conference, Lake Chelan, WA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: Participants will be able to 1) Identify three skills to observe bodily held trauma material, 2) Analyze a model of transforming trauma through resources, and 3) Identify a hypnoprojective method for bringing somatically held material into conscious mind.
Keywords: Ego State Therapy Somatic Psychotherapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
95. Shrigley, C., & Martin, K. (2013, May). Healing mind and body through structural dissociation theory and EMDR. Presentation at the annual EMDR Canada Conference, Banff, Alberta CAN.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
This half day workshop will teach Structural Dissociation Theory and how it integrates into treating complex
trauma with EMDR. Case examples will be used to highlight the theoretical concepts and how to work with the
emotional parts while keeping them stable throughout the 8 phases of the EMDR Standard Protocol.
Learning Objectives:
• Describe the distinctions between the Apparently Normal Part and Emotional Parts of the Personality
• Describe 3 aspects of treating Emotional Parts of the Personality with EMDR while
• Keeping them stable• Describe a way to identify Emotional Parts of the Personality
• Describe 3 clinical markers for client readiness for trauma reprocessing in complex trauma cases
Keywords: Structural Dissociation Theory
Accuracy Verified: Yes
96. Shrigley, C., & Martin, K. (2013, May). Healing mind and body through structural dissociation theory and EMDR. Presentation at the annual EMDR Canada Conference, Banff, Alberta CAN.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
This half day workshop will teach Structural Dissociation Theory and how it integrates into treating complex
trauma with EMDR. Case examples will be used to highlight the theoretical concepts and how to work with the
emotional parts while keeping them stable throughout the 8 phases of the EMDR Standard Protocol. (All Levels –
50% EMDR)
Learning Objectives:
• Describe the distinctions between the Apparently Normal Part and Emotional Parts of the Personality
• Describe 3 aspects of treating Emotional Parts of the Personality with EMDR while
• Keeping them stable
Keywords: Structural Dissociation Theory
Accuracy Verified: Yes
97. Gomez, A. M. (2012). Healing the caregiving system: Working with parents within a comprehensive EMDR treatment. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 6(3), 136-144. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.6.3.136.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
This article is an excerpt from the book EMDR Therapy and Adjunct Approaches With Children: Complex Trauma, Attachment, and Dissociation. It presents an original model to work with caregivers of children with complex trauma. This model comprises 3 levels of parental involvement within a comprehensive eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) treatment: psychoeducation, self-regulation, and memory reprocessing and integration (Gomez, 2009, 2012a, 2012b). Mentalization and reflective function (Fonagy & Target, 1997), mindsight (Siegel, 1999, 2010), mind-mindedness (Meins, Fernyhough, Fradley, & Tuckey, 2002), insightfulness (Koren-Karie, Oppenheim, Dolev, Sher, & Etziom-Carasso, 2002), and metacognitive monitoring (Flavell, 1979; Main, 1991) are all constructs linked to the parent's capacity to develop infant's attachment security. However, unresolved trauma and loss appears to impair these capacities in parents. Many children wounded by caregivers lacking such competences had to endure repetitive emotional, physical, and sexual overt and covert abuse; enmeshment and intrusiveness; or on the contrary, detachment and lack of connection. When the caregivers have been the wounding agents, their inclusion and active participation in the overall treatment of their children is fundamental.
Keywords: Caregiving System Connection: Contingecy Differentiation Mentalization Regulation
Accuracy Verified: Yes
98. Tudor, T. (1994). Healing the heart: EMDR in post-unification MPD therapy. EMDR Network Newsletter, 4(1), 8-9.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract: M
ultiple Personality Disorder (MPD)
represents the most severe form of
the Dissociative Disorders. The predominant
symptoms are disturbances
in the normally integrative functions
of identity and memory (American
Psychiatric Association, 1987). There
has been an explosion of interest in
the disorder since about 1984
Putnam, 1989; Ross, 1989), with many
articles focusing upon phenomena,
diagnosis, and treatment. The treatment
articles have focused primarily
upon thechallengingissues that have
to be dealt with prior to the eventual
unification ofthe mind, as represented
by the fusions of the various alter
personalities. Relatively little has
been written about the post-unification
phase of treatment, except that
treatment does not end with unification
(Kluft, 1988).
Keywords: Post-Unification MPD Therapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
99. Tehrani, N. (2002, December). Healing the wounds of the mind. The Psychologist, 15(12), 598-599.
Language: English
Format: Magazine
Abstract:
A world the terrorist attacks of the 11
September 2001 faced a new
atrocity on 12 October. About 200 people
were killed and more than 300 injured
when a bomb exploded in a Bali nightclub.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
100. Solomon, M. F., & Siegel, D. J. (2003). Healing trauma: Attachment, mind, body, and brain. New York: W. W. Norton.
Language: English
Format: Book
Abstract:
This book examines the following crucial issues: (1) how life experiences influence the maturation of the brain and mind in achieving mental health; (2) the central role of emotion in the functioning of healthy minds, brains, and relationships; (3) the importance of the body in influencing the nature of the mind and subjective experience; and (4) the impact of both positive and traumatic experiences on the development of coherent functioning, interpersonal relatedness, and the emergence of mental disturbance. [Text, p. xiv]TOPICS TREATED: An interpersonal neurobiology of psychotherapy: the developing mind and the resolution of trauma; Unresolved states regarding loss or abuse can have "second-generation" effects: disorganization, role inversion, and frightening ideation in the offspring of traumatized, non-maltreating parents; Early relational trauma, disorganized attachment, and the development of a predisposition to violence; PTSD and the nature of trauma; EMDR and information processing in psychotherapy treatment: personal development and global implications; Dyadic regulation and experiential work with emotion and relatedness in trauma and disorganized attachment; A clinical model for the comprehensive treatment of trauma using an affect experiencing-attachment theory approach; Connection, disruption, repair: treating the effects of attachment trauma on intimate relationships. [Pilots]
Keywords: Attachment Behavior Psychotherapy Stressors Survivors
Accuracy Verified: Yes
101. Grey, E. (2009, August). Holistically stressed: A qualitative investigation of EMDR. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Atlanta, GA .
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
To the researcher’s knowledge, there is no phenomenological knowledge of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) with a sub-clinical stressed population. The vast majority of EMDR research has focused on traumatized and clinical populations, leaving a significant gap in what the non-traumatized or sub-clinically stressed participants’ experience. Sub-clinical stress includes any level of stress that does not meet the DSM-IV-TR’s criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or acute stress disorder (ASD). Additionally, a gap in the literature exists in giving a voice to the participants’ experience of EMDR treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the lived experiences of body sensations, emotions, beliefs, and imagery during EMDR treatment of participants with sub-clinical stress. Participants fit into either a young adult (18-35), adult (36-49), or older adult (50-60) maturity category and did not meet the criteria for PTSD or ASD. The sample consisted of 12 participants, from a large metropolitan area in the Northeastern United States. The participants chief complaints included economic stress, relationship stressor, and critical self-talk. The researcher employed a qualitative phenomenological design to gather data in order to answer the research question: what are the lived experiences of sub-clinically stressed participants’ body sensations, beliefs, emotions, and memory imagery during EMDR treatment? The data was collected using the EMDRIA approved research treatment protocol. The researcher included the floatback technique in every reprocessing session to complying with the tenet of the Adaptive Information Processing Model. After installing a safe-place and five reprocessing sessions, the researcher administered a final interview asking questions about what the participants’ experienced in their body, thoughts, emotions, and memory images. All reprocessing session were completed when the participant indicated a SUDs of ‘0’ and a VOC of ‘7’. The data collected during every reprocessing session and the final interviews were analyzed using constant comparative techniques and open coding; verified with member check techniques. The results identify five thematic holistic experiences common in all participants. The themes of responsibility, safety, choices, power, and value emerged from the data. The findings indicate a participants’ lived experience may expand the cognitive themes described in the Adaptive Information Processing Model. The themes of responsibility, safety, power, and value were targeted and reprocessed as disturbing memories. The participants experienced these themes as feeling overly responsible, unsafe, valueless, and/or powerless. The holistic manifestation of the themes of choices emerged as the outcome towards a more adaptive perspective of the disturbing targeted memories. The results of this study further indicate that it may be beneficial to address all four maladaptive themes in mind and body for effective sub-clinical stress resolution. The findings inform scholarly and clinical understanding of the Adaptive Information Processing Model concepts of responsibility, safety, and choices. The findings of this study preliminarily expand the previously unknown holistic manifestation of these themes in sub-clinical participants’ lived sensory experiences. These themes are now in need of additional research to verify and validate the findings of this study.
Keywords: Poster Sub-Clinical Stress
Accuracy Verified: Yes
102. Gunter, R. W. (2007, 2008). How eye movements affect unpleasant memories: Support for a working memory account. University of Calgary, Canada. AAT NR44352.
Language: English
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract:
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing can reduce ratings of the vividness and emotionality of unpleasant memories--hence it is commonly used to treat posttraumatic stress disorder. The present experiments compared three accounts of how eye movements produce these benefits. Participants rated unpleasant autobiographical memories before and after eye movements or an eyes stationary control condition. In Experiment 1, eye movements produced benefits only when memories were held in mind during the movements, and eye movements increased arousal, contrary to an investigatory-reflex account. In Experiment 2, horizontal and vertical eye movements produced equivalent benefits, contrary to an interhemispheric-communication account. In Experiment 3, two other distractor tasks (auditory shadowing, drawing) produced benefits that were negatively correlated with working memory capacity. These findings support a working-memory account of the eye movement benefit in which the central executive is taxed when a person performs a distractor task while attempting to hold a memory in mind.
Keywords: Eye Movements Working Memory
Accuracy Verified: Yes
103. Gunter, R. W., & Bodner, G. E. (2008, August). How eye movements affect unpleasant memories: Support for a working-memory account. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 46(8), 913-931. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2008.04.006.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing can reduce ratings of the vividness and emotionality of unpleasant memories—hence it is commonly used to treat posttraumatic stress disorder. The present experiments compared three accounts of how eye movements produce these benefits. Participants rated unpleasant autobiographical memories before and after eye movements or an eyes stationary control condition. In Experiment 1, eye movements produced benefits only when memories were held in mind during the movements, and eye movements increased arousal, contrary to an investigatory-reflex account. In Experiment 2, horizontal and vertical eye movements produced equivalent benefits, contrary to an interhemispheric-communication account. In Experiment 3, two other distractor tasks (auditory shadowing, drawing) produced benefits that were negatively correlated with working-memory capacity. These findings support a working-memory account of the eye movement benefits in which the central executive is taxed when a person performs a distractor task while attempting to hold a memory in mind.
Keywords: Autobiographical Memory Eye Movements Psychotherapy Working Memory
Accuracy Verified: Yes
104. van Loey, C. & Assante, S. (2011). Hypnose, EMDR, EFT -les nouveaux chemins de la guérison : soigner le corps et le psychisme par les thérapies du mouvement et de la representation [Hypnosis, EMDR, EFT-new ways of healing: healing the body and psyche in therapy movement and representation]. Escalquens : Dangles édition, ; ISBN: 9782703309000 (br) 2703309007 (br) .
Language: French
Format: Book
Abstract:
Le traumatisme est un phénomčne d’arręt sur image qui nous empęche d’habiter notre propre existence. Le sujet ne peut se réaliser pleinement car il est sans arręt confronté ŕ une résurgence de son passé qui l’empęche de vivre l’instant présent.
Dčs lors, les thérapies verbales, comme la psychanalyse restent impuissantes et ne permettent pas de produire l’impulsion nécessaire ŕ la restitution d’un vécu authentique et plein de promesses ŕ venir. Le sujet reste alors prisonnier de son passé, et par conséquent ne peut pas dépasser l’impact dévastateur produit par le traumatisme et cela quelque en soit l’intensité.
Avec pertinence, Corinne Van Loey défend l’idée que seules les thérapies de la représentation et du mouvement nous permettent de gommer ces instants oů la sidération a fait place ŕ l’action. Elle nous propose donc de renouer le fil du temps, de réactualiser les gestes laissés en suspens en permettant leurs achčvements nécessaires. Bref, de retrouver-enfin- cette complémentarité entre corps et esprit que le traumatisme avait fait éclater.
S’appuyant sur de nombreuses années de pratique, ainsi que sur les travaux les plus récents en sciences cognitives l’auteur aborde de maničre détaillée et progressive tous les éléments constitutifs du traumatisme et du processus de guérison.
La lecture de cet ouvrage accessible ŕ tous, apportera les éclairages nécessaires ŕ la compréhension de ces nouveaux chemins de guérison que sont l’HYPNOSE, l’EMDR et l’EFT.
Trauma is a picture off phenomenon that prevents us from living our own lives. The subject can not be fully realized because it is constantly facing a resurgence of his past that prevents him from living in the moment.
Therefore, verbal therapies, such as psychoanalysis remain powerless and do not produce the necessary impetus for the restoration of an authentic and full of promise coming through. The subject is then a prisoner of his past, and therefore can not exceed the devastating impact caused by trauma and that in some of the intensity.
With relevance, Corinne Van Loey argues that only therapies representation and movement allow us to erase those moments when the stunning gave way to action. It therefore proposes to renew over time, update actions in abeyance for their completions necessary. In short, to find-last-complementarity between mind and body that the trauma had burst.
Based on many years of practice, as well as the most recent work in cognitive science the author discusses in detail all the progressive elements of trauma and healing process.
Reading this book accessible to all, provide the necessary clarifications to the understanding of these new ways of healing are Hypnosis, EMDR and EFT
Accuracy Verified: Yes
105. Knipe, J. (1997). Identifying blocking beliefs worksheet. EMDRIA Newsletter, 2(6), 11.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract:
Sometime, EMDR processing can be blocked by a belief or “point of view” that the client has about the problem that is the focus of treatment. The situation can be difficult if the blocking belief is hidden to both client and therapist. Often the belief is just outside the client’s awareness, or is not linked up in the client’s mind with the problem to be solved.
Keywords: Blocking Beliefs
Accuracy Verified: Yes
106. Knipe, J. (1997, December). Identifying hidden blocking beliefs. EMDRIA Newsletter, 2(6), 10-11.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract:
Sometime, EMDR processing can be blocked by a belief or “point of view” that the client has about the problem that is the focus of treatment. The situation can be difficult if the blocking belief is hidden to both client and therapist. Often the belief is just outside the client’s awareness, or is not linked up in the client’s mind with the problem to be solved.
Keywords: Blocking Beliefs
Accuracy Verified: Yes
107. Handberg, H. H. (2007, June). Implications of "unity of duality" Tibetan psychology and philosophy in regard to psychotherapy and personal development and its correlations to EMDR. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
In the Tibetan psychology and philosophy, the understanding that what we identify as the object does not exist as such independently of the experiencing subject is – at all levels of mind – essential. The subject perceives the object at a conceptual, feeling and sense level. In other words, as individuals we create the object at these three levels, and it becomes an integral part of our reality experience.
Tibetan Psychology has as it basis an understanding of the nature and functioning of the mind in its many different states of experiences. However, it does not see the mind-experience as an isolated phenomenon. It sees the body and mind as mutually interdependent and interdetermining on all levels – from both an ordinary level of body and mind to the basic energy level. The former is characteristic by an experience of great separation, and the latter by the experience of the inseparability of the body/mind.
In accordance with Tibetan metaphysics matter emerges from four basic “energy origins,” such that energy is seen as both the basis of matter, and is continuously pervading matter. From the energy resource all forms of existence arise and return again in a continuous movement of birth, existence and death, taking places every instant of time. It is because of the relationship of subject and object that we can change our object-experience, as well as our experience of the world and of the situations which arise in it.
Tibetan psychology maintains in this respect that the notion of self or self-identity is the core around which psychological patterns and the reality of the individual develop. The transformation process of an adequate self-identity into a healthier an less artificial identity takes the adept or client through the following process of change: (1) from a solid form level of the problematic subject/object experience, (2) to an energy level, taking us beyond the artificial identity and connect experience of reality, and (23) back into a new creation o the form level, into a new an more genuine experience of oneself and reality. Thus, when applying the insight of this basic interrelatedness of body and mind, subject and object and energy and matter – Unity in Duality – the experience of self-identity and that of the object undergoes a change, and the former problematic subject/object is transcended. The Tibetan self-development methods and the Tibetan psychotherapeutic methods, which Tarab Tulku has developed, deal essentially with healing and strengthening of the self-feeling and refining the self-reference/self-identity. It gives the theoretical analysis for changing the experience of self and the surroundings – of changing the approximation of reality – and it offers adequate psychotherapeutic as wall as self-development methods for its attainment. All in the Tibetan psychology and psychotherapy gives a new and valuable perspective, foundation and method supplementing and enriching Western Psychology in general and EMDR in particular.
Keywords: Poster Tibet Unity of Duality
Accuracy Verified: Yes
108. Henry-Schneider, P. (2013, May). The importance of working with the mind/body system. Presentation at the annual EMDR Canada Conference, Banff, Alberta CAN.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Ai Chi is a moving meditation in warm water. It is a powerful way to reinforce the body as a positive resource,
because it is a multimodal experience. Ai Chi involves being aware of the body in a warm, supportive, nurturing
environment. As Bessel van der Kolk points out, “Our brains will continue to take in new information and
construct new realities as long as our bodies feel safe.” (2003) Ai Chi reinforces feelings of safety, allowing clients
to build upon positive memories and to release negative ones. Ai Chi can be integrated into various stages of the
EMDR model. Given an increased awareness of the significance of somatic interventions, an introduction to a
little-known modality is important. Utilizing concepts of interpersonal neurobiology developed by Daniel Siegel,
levels of integration that constitute mental health will be explored. It will become clear that the characteristics
that represent integration are paralleled and reinforced by the Ai Chi process. This puts both EMDR and Ai
Chi within a broader context and demonstrates how Ai Chi can reinforce and expand the effects of EMDR. The
experience of incorporating a sense of well-being becomes both literal and metaphorical. Participants will
learn some of the movements on land and also watch a video of the process. Not only is Ai Chi suitable for most
populations, it is particularly helpful for people with chronic pain issues as well as an older population.
Learning Objectives:
• Come to a basic understanding of mental health from an interpersonal neurobiological point of view
• Learn about the practice of Ai Chi
• Explore how combining EMDR and Ai Chi can promote the 9 levels of integration described by Daniel Siegel
MD
• Hear about specific cases and how combining EMDR and Ai Chi has contributed to the resolution of a variety
of mental health issues
• Experience Ai Chi and/or watch video demonstrating Ai Chi.
Keywords: Ai Chi Mind/Body Connection
Accuracy Verified: Yes
109. Tupponce, J. (2005, January 20). In the mind’s eye: Ocular movement and rhythmic stimulation may curb bad thoughts. Richmond, VA: Richmond Times-Dispatch, City, Explore, F-1.
Language: English
Format: Newspaper
Abstract:
In her case, one EMDR session proved helpful. "After we finished, I felt like I knew something that I had always known," she said. "It helped me process the messages in a normal way like most people do. I noticed that I wasn't replaying the tape in my head anymore. It's been two years and I still haven't replayed it. I know what I did [in my marriage] was OK."
Keywords: General Overview Richmond
Accuracy Verified: Yes
110. Bergmann, U. (2000, September/October). In your mind's eye: Speculations on the neurobiology of eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR). New Therapist, 9, 24-27.
Language: English
Format: Magazine
Abstract:
Francine Shapiro, the originator of Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR), stumbled quite by accident upon the potentially positive effects of eye movements in desensitising negative emotions and cognitions. Ironically, she wasn't the first to do so. These findings had been made almost two decades earlier by Antrobus and his colleagues (Antrobus, 1973; Antrobus, Antrobus, & Singer, 1964). What unified the findings of Shapiro and Antrobus, apart from their agreement on the utility of eye movements, was that there was no theoretical system which could convincingly explain the findings to the skeptical research community to which Shapiro began disclosing her findings. What distinguished their approaches was that Shapiro set out to vigorously sell her belief in their utility in the relative absence of explanations as to why that might be the case. Uri Bergmann, an EMDR Institute Facilitator in New York, has recently put together a speculative neurobiological hypothesis for the effects of EMDR. In this article, he draws on a growing body of research into the area, particularly the ideas of Harvard University sleep researcher Robert Stickgold, who first identified the physiological pathways that link EMDR to REM functioning. Bergmann' offers his thoughts on the matter in a form accessible to the neurologically naďve as a first step to understanding the neurobiology of EMDR.
Keywords: Neurobiology
Accuracy Verified: Yes
111. Rossi, E. L. (1999, June). Innovative approaches to optimizing healing and human potentials: The expanding role of EMDR in psychotherapy. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Las Vegas, NV.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Participants will: 1) be able to describe three innovative approaches to mind-body therapy; and 2) be able to practice the facilitation of the four stage creative process in psychotherapy.
Keywords: Mind-Body Therapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
112. MacDonald, D. J. (2006, November 13). Insight into PTSD. U.S. News & World Report, 141(18).
Language: English
Format: Magazine
Abstract:
"Treating War's Toll on the Mind" [October 9] was helpful in illuminating the enormous toll that post-traumatic stress disorder is taking on the lives of the men and women involved in war. Untreated PTSD damages the lives of the soldiers. Unfortunately, your article mentioned but failed to accurately represent an effective treatment for PTSD called eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. EMDR is actually a treatment of choice for combat-related PTSD and has been listed in the Department of Veterans Affairs and the Department of Defense's Practice Guidelines as "highly recommended" for the treatment of trauma.
Accuracy Verified: No
113. Servan-Schreiber, D. (2004). The instinct to heal: Curing stress, anxiety, and depression without drugs and without talk therapy - [Guérir le stress, l'anxiété et la dépression sans médicaments ni psychanalyse]. Emmaus, PA: Rodale.
Language: English
Format: Book
Abstract:
The seven natural treatment approaches that the author describes in this book all capitalize on the mind and brain's own healing mechanisms for recovering from depression, anxiety, and stress. All seven methods have been researched and studies documenting their benefits have been published in prestigious scientific journals. Because the mechanisms through which they operate remain poorly understood, these methods have remained largely excluded from the mainstream of medicine and psychiatry. The natural methods of treatment that are presented directly impact the emotional brain, almost entirely short-circuiting language. Although many such methods are being proposed today, in the author's clinical practice, and in this book, he has selected only those that have received enough scientific attention to make him comfortable in using them with patients and in recommending them to his colleagues. Each of the following chapters presents one of these approaches, illustrated by the stories of patients whose lives have been transformed by their experience. He also tries to show the degree to which each method has been scientifically evaluated. Some of the very recent methods include "eye movement desensitization and reprocessing" (better known as EMDR), or heart rate coherence training, or even the synchronization of chronobiological rhythms with artificial dawn (which should replace the alarm clock). Other approaches, like acupuncture, nutrition, exercise, emotional communication, and cultivating your connection to something larger than yourself, stem from age-old traditions, though new scientific data are giving them a renewed importance. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved). Available in English and French.
Keywords: Anxiety Brain Depression Emotional Brain Emotions Heart Rate Heart Rate Coherence Training Major Depression Natural Treatment Approaches Neuropsychology Psychotherapeutic Techniques Stress
Accuracy Verified: Yes
114. Potexki, A. K. (2012, Novembro). Integraçăo da dimensăo espiritual na cura do trauma [Integration of the spiritual dimension in healing trauma]. In temas diversos. Apresentaçăo no II Congresso Brasileiro de EMDR, Brasília, Brasil.
Language: Portuguese
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Objetivo: Apresentar situaçőes que sugerem que um trauma afeta a dimensăo espiritual e, uma vez reintegrada, colabora com a cura do trauma. David Grand, diz que o EMDR integra corpo, mente, pensamento, emoçăo e espírito. Entăo, as interconexőes entre essas partes voltam a acontecer. Sabe-se que alguns traumas estăo ligados a pensamentos referentes a Deus, como: “Deus me abandonou”; “Deus me castigou”. A sensaçăo de “abandono por Deus”, causa um profundo sofrimento ŕ pessoa, Bessel Van Der Kolk, evidencia aquilo que ele denomina God-Forsaken (sensaçăo de abandono por parte de Deus, solidăo; năo se acredita mais em nada, há falta de significado para a vida). Um paciente, violentado na infância, durante a sessăo disse: “Eu tenho mágoa de Deus ... Deus esta olhando e năo está fazendo nada!... Abandono de Deus... isso me corroía... Eu estendia o bracinho, mas năo havia ninguém...Deus năo estava lá!” Certa paciente veio com um histórico de agressăo física por parte do marido. No decorrer da sessăo, foi se lembrando dos piores episódios. A pior surra foi quando estava grávida. Ao longo das sessőes foi possível perceber que as frases a respeito de Deus afetaram diretamente sentimentos, emoçőes, relacionamentos, enfim, a vida como um todo. No momento em que o paciente reprocessa essas frases a cura acontece.
Objective: To present situations that suggest that trauma affects the spiritual dimension and once reinstated, collaborates with the healing of trauma. David Grand, says the EMDR integrates body, mind, thought, emotion and spirit. So, the interconnections between these parties happen again. It is known that some traumas are linked to thoughts concerning God as "God forsaken me", "God punished me." The feeling of "abandonment by God," cause deep suffering to the person, Bessel van der Kolk, highlights what he calls God-Forsaken (feeling of abandonment by God, loneliness, no longer believe in anything, there is a lack of meaning to life). A patient abused in childhood, during the session said: "I have hurt God ... God is watching and not doing anything! ... Abandonment of God ... it gnawed me ... I stretched a little arm, but there was nobody ... God was not there! "One patient came with a history of physical abuse by her husband. During the session, was remembering the worst episodes. The worst spanking was when I was pregnant. Throughout the sessions was possible to see that the phrases about God directly affected feelings, emotions, relationships, finally, life as a whole. At the time the patient reprocesses these phrases healing occurs.
Keywords: Integration of the Spiritual Dimension
Accuracy Verified: Yes
115. Munnukka-Dahlqvist, M. (2004, June). Integrating EMDR in psychotherapy treating complex trauma in a client with previous long-term psychotherapies. In complex traumatisation and EMDR (K. Linder, Chair). Symposium conducted at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, Stockholm, Sweden .
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: Keywords: Complex Trauma Symposium Accuracy Verified: Yes 116. Bergmann, U. (2003, May). Integrating EMDR into specific therapeutical approaches - Personality disorders as variants of dissociative phenomena: Treatment with an integration of the EMDR and ego state work. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Rome, Italy. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Dissociation Ego State Therapy Personality Disorders Accuracy Verified: Yes 117. Grand, D. (1995, June). Integrating EMDR into the psychodynamic treatment process. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Psychodynamic Accuracy Verified: Yes 118. Paulsen-Inobe, S. L. (2001, December). Integrating EMDR, ego state therapy, and dissociative table: A cartooning psychologist's glimpse into the mind's eye. Presentation at the annual meeting of the International Society for the Study of Dissociation, New Orleans, LA. Language: English Format: Conference Keywords: Dissociative Table Ego State Therapy Accuracy Verified: Yes 119. Gray, A. E. & Hildegun, S. S.
(2009, June). Integrating the body mind: EMDR and somatic psychotherapy with trauma survivors. In EMDR and psychosomatic psychotherapy. Presentation at the 11th Annual European Conference on Traumatic Stress, Olso, Norway. Language: English Format: Conference Keywords: Mind/Body Somaticism Trauma Accuracy Verified: Yes 120. Thomson, S. S. (1993). An interview with Francine Shapiro, Ph.D., Part II. Treating Abuse Today, 3(3), 17-22. Language: English Format: Magazine Abstract: Keywords: Francine Shapiro Interview Accuracy Verified: Yes 121. Burbank, L. (2007, February 12). Iraq contractors convene in Tennessee. National Public Radio (NPR), 16:00-17:00 p.m. Language: English Format: Other Abstract: Keywords: Military Soldiers War Accuracy Verified: Yes 122. Lazzari, D. (2008, Novembre). L'EMDR in ottica PNEI (interazione corpo-mente) [EMDR in optical PNEI (interaction body-mind)]. Presentazione le Applicazioni Cliniche del EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia. Language: Italian Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Body-Mind Interaction PNEI Accuracy Verified: Yes 123. Bisek, A. (2013). Letters to the editor. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 7(1), 50. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.7.1.50. Language: English Format: Journal Abstract: Keywords: Fidelity Future Template Accuracy Verified: Yes 124. Prattos, T. (2000, February 24). Letters to the Editor - David Blore's 2000 paper. The EMDR Practitioner. Retrieved from http://www.emdr-practitioner.net 12/27/2008. Language: English Format: Other Abstract: Keywords: Earthquake Letter Underground Trauma Protocol UTP Victims Turkey Accuracy Verified: Yes 125. Robinson, N. S. (2001, June). Life enhancement: A quality of life focus for EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Austin, TX. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Closing Down A Session Life Review Movies Mind Mapping Accuracy Verified: Yes 126. Onofri, A., & Tombolini, L. (2004, Novembre). L’EMDR e il pensare la mente - Attaccamento sicuro e capacitŕ metacognitive [EMDR and the thinking mind - Attachment safe and metacognitive]. Présentation al Congresso Nazionale, je EMDR Bologne, Italie. Language: Italian Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Attachment Metacognitions Safety Accuracy Verified: Yes 127. Boudreau, C. (2008, Mai). L’utilisation de l’EMDR en oncologie [The use of EMDR in oncology]. Présentation ŕ la Conférence EMDR Canada, Montréal, Québec, Canada. Language: French Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Cancer Chronic Illness Oncology Accuracy Verified: Yes 128. Genest, S. (2013, May). Making the complex simple: A hands on workshop to learn a simple and efficient way to organize EMDR client files. Presentation at the annual EMDR Canada Conference, Banff, Alberta CAN. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Mind Mapping Techniques Mind Map Process Targeting Accuracy Verified: Yes 129. Adler-Tapia, R. (2004, August). Mapping targets for EMDR processing. Author. Language: English Format: Publication Abstract: Accuracy Verified: Yes 130. van der Kolk, B. A. (2006). Más allá de la cura por el diálogo: Experiencia somática, impront as subcorticales y tratamiento del trauma [Beyond dialogue cure: Somatic experience, subcortical imprints and the treatment of trauma]. Presentación en la Asociación EMDR Espańa, Madrid. Language: Spanish Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Neurobiology Accuracy Verified: Yes 131. Schlesinger, M. (1998, November 23). Medical Q & A. Boulder, CO: Daily Camera, First, Fit, 3B. Language: English Format: Newspaper Abstract: Keywords: Mary Schlesinger Anxiety Accuracy Verified: Yes 132. Lister, D. (2001, July-December). Memory and the brain: Some thoughts about the neurobiology of regeneration. The New Philosophy, 131-151. Language: English Format: Journal Abstract: Keywords: Brain Memory Neurobiology Accuracy Verified: Yes 133. Shapiro, F. (2010, March). Mente humana, psicoterapia y EMDR/Human mind, psychotherapy and EMDR. XVII Scientific Symposium "From Neurobiology to Nosology of Mental Disorders," Lilly Foundation, Madrid, Spain. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Human Mind Psychotherapy Accuracy Verified: Yes 134. Mosquera, D. (2012, March). Met behulp van EMDR bij de behandeling van borderline-stoornis bersonality [Using EMDR in the management of borderline personality disorder]. Preconference presentatie op de 6e congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Arnhem, Nederland . Language: Dutch Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Borderline Personality Disorder Accuracy Verified: Yes 135. Lodge, K. (2012, March 16). Michael Ferrara, PTSD support for those who save our lives. Sky-Hi News. Retrieved from http://www.skyhidailynews.com/article/20120316/NEWS/120319963/1079&ParentProfile=1067 on 3/16/2012. Language: English Format: Other Abstract: Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Skiing Accuracy Verified: Yes 136. Strain, C. (1998, August 30). Mind games - Boulder’s Casa Futura earns patient for device that tricks the brain to prevent stuttering. Boulder, CO: Daily Camera, First, Business, 1B. Language: English Format: Newspaper Abstract: Keywords: Boulder General Overview Accuracy Verified: Yes 137. Lollar, M. (2001, September 24). Mind games – Athletes learn techniques to train the brain. Memphis, TN: The Commercial Appeal, C1. Language: English Format: Newspaper Abstract: Accuracy Verified: Yes 138. Lalley, H. (2005, April 26). Mind makeover: Controversial EMDR offers hope for mental traumas. Spokane, WA: The Spokesman-Review, 1D. Language: English Format: Newspaper Abstract: Keywords: General Overview Spokane Accuracy Verified: Yes 139. Binder, J. L. (2007, June). Mind or brain? Where does therapeutic change originate? A reaction to 'The reunion process: A new focus in short-term dynamic psychotherapy. Psychotherapy, 44(2), 137-141. doi:10.1037/0033-3204.44.2.137. Language: English Format: Journal Abstract: Keywords: Attachment Attachment Behavior Brief Psychotherapy Early Memories Memory Theory Panic Disorder Psychodynamic Psychotherapy Psychotherapeutic Processes Relapse Short-term Dynamic Psychotherapy Accuracy Verified: Yes 140. Theall, M. (2005, December 2). The mind-body connection. Knight Ridder/Tribune News Service. Language: English Format: Newspaper Abstract: Accuracy Verified: Yes 141. Rossi, E., Shapiro, F., & Siegel, D. (2009, December). Mind-body issues. Panel discussion at the 6th Evolution of Psychotherapy Conference, Anaheim, CA. Language: English Format: Conference Accuracy Verified: Yes 142. Marsa, L. (2002, April 15). Mind-eye coordination:Â A psycho therapeutictechnique that relies on hand movements is gaining more adherents. Bergen County, NJ: The Record, F1. Language: English Format: Newspaper Abstract: Keywords: Bergen County General Overview Accuracy Verified: Yes 143. Cool, L. C. (1999, August). The mind’s eye. Penthouse, 30(360), 24-26, 32-34, 46. Language: English Format: Magazine Abstract: Keywords: General Overview Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Accuracy Verified: Yes 144. Nogueira, R. L. (2012, Novembro). Movimentos oculares e a teoria da memória de trabalho: Implicaçőes clínicas [Eye movements and the theory of working memory: Clinical implications]. In EMDR e memórias. Apresentaçăo no II Congresso Brasileiro de EMDR, Brasília, Brasil. Language: Portuguese Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Eye movements Clinical Implications Theory of Working Memory Accuracy Verified: Yes 145. Gisick, M. (2007, February 27). N.M. prepares for a novel method for treating vets' PTSD. Albuquerque, NM: The Albuquerque Tribune, A1. Language: English Format: Newspaper Abstract: Keywords: Albuquerque Peggy Moore Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD: Veterans Accuracy Verified: Yes 146. Weisensee, K. (1999, June). N=1: The 1st guinea pig’s report of its experiences with experimental software for self-administering. EMDRIA Newsletter, 4(2), 13, 28, 32. Language: English Format: Newsletter Abstract: Accuracy Verified: Yes 147. Amendolia, R. D. (1998). A narrative constructivist perspective of treatment of posttraumatic stress disorders with Ericksonian hypnosis and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. Trauma Response, 13-14. Language: English Format: Journal Abstract: Keywords: Eriksonian Hypnosis Narrative Constructionist Accuracy Verified: Yes 148. Servan-Schreiber, D. (2006, September). Nature’s way of self-healing – From neuroscience to clinical practice. Plenary at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Philadelphia, PA. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Plenary Accuracy Verified: Yes 149. Servan-Schreiber, D. (2005, June). Nature’s way of self-healing: From neuroscience to clinical practice. Plenary presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Brussels, Belgium. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Homeostasis Neuroscience Plenary Practice Accuracy Verified: Yes 150. Pagani, M., Flumeri, F., Salmaso, D., Nardo, D., Sanchez-Crespo, A., Danielsson, A. M., Brolin, F., Jacobsson, H., Larsson, S. A., & Hogberg, G. (2008, October). Neurobiological changes in post traumatic stress disorder following treatment with eye movement desensitisation reprocessing. Presentation at the European Association of Nuclear Medicine Congress, Munich, Germany, European Journal of Nuclear Medical and Molecular Imaging, 35(Supp 2). Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Brain Volumetry Neurobiological Changes Posttraumtic Stress Disorder PTSD rCBF Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Accuracy Verified: Yes 151. van der Kolk, B. A. (2010, July). New developments in the field of treatment of traumatized people. Keynote presented at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Developments Keynote Trauma Accuracy Verified: Yes 152. Kadala, T. (2001, September 19). New website launched to assist Americans suffering from trauma. Hastingson-Hudson, N.Y., PR Newswire. Language: English Format: Other Abstract: Keywords: Website EMDRNews.com Accuracy Verified: Yes 153. Krystal, S. (2003). A nondual approach to EMDR: Psychotherapy as satsang. In J. J. Prendergast, P. Fenner, & S. Krystal (Eds.), The sacred mirror: Nondual wisdom and psychotherapy, (1st ed.) (pp. 116-137). St. Paul, MN: Paragon House Publishers. Language: English Format: Book Section Abstract: Keywords: Being Fully Present Now Clinical Case Study Cognitive Processes Emptiness Information Processing Model Integrative Psychotherapeutic Approach Models Nondual Approach Psychotherapeutic Processes Psychotherapy Accuracy Verified: Yes 154. Shillington, P. (2001, October 4). On post-traumatic stress. Miami, FL: The Miami Herald, Final, Living, 3E. Language: English Format: Newspaper Abstract: Keywords: General Miami Overview Accuracy Verified: Yes 155. Raynaud, P., Boxus, A., Renoir, V., & Sanchez, S. (2012, January). P-975 - From mind to brain: Event-related potentials and EMDR treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder. European Psychiatry, 27(Supplement 1), 1-1. doi:10.1016/S0924-9338(12)75142-8. Language: English Format: Journal Abstract: Keywords: Event-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Accuracy Verified: Yes 156. Kravic, N., & Hasanovic, M. (2011, January). P02-377 - Moral conflict and first sexual experience - Case presentation. European Psychiatry, 26(Supplement 1), 973-973. doi:10.1016/S0924-9338(11)72678-5. Language: English Format: Journal Abstract: Keywords: Sexual Experience Accuracy Verified: Yes 157. Pagani, M., Nardo, D., Flumeri, F., Salmaso, D., Looi, J., Sanchez-Crespo, A., Larsson, S.A., Sundin, Ö., Hogberg, G., & Bejerot, S. (2009, January). P03-58 Volumetric changes in PTSD and in a subgroup of PTSD patients not responding to EMDR psychotherapy. European Psychiatry, 24(Supplement 1), S1057-S1057. doi:10.1016/S0924-9338(09)71290-8. Language: English Format: Journal Abstract: Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Accuracy Verified: Yes 158. Onofri, A. (2010). Pensare la mente del padre. Psicoterapia Cognitiva orientata dalla teoria dell’attaccamento e approccio EMDR: Un caso clinico disturbo ossessivo compulsivo [Thinking about the mind of the father. Cognitive Theory guided by attachment and EMDR approach: A clinical case of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder]. In L. Onnis (a cura di), Legami che creano, legami che curano. Attaccamento: una teoria ponte per la psicoterapia, (pp. ). Bollati Boringhieri, Torino, Italy. Language: Italian Format: Book Section Keywords: Case Report Obsessive Compulsive Behavior OCD Accuracy Verified: Yes 159. Onofri, A., & Tombolini, L. (2006). Pensare la mente. EMDR e psicoterapia cognitivo-evoluzionista [Thinking mind. EMDR and cognitive-evolutionary psychotherapy]. In M. Balbo (a cura). EMDR: Uno strumento di dialogo fra le psicoterapie 1e edizione, (pp. 249-276). Milano, Italy: McGraw-Hill. Language: Italian Format: Book Section Keywords: Cognitive-Evolutionary Psychotherapy Accuracy Verified: Yes 160. Mosquera, D., & Gonzalez, A. (2011, June). Personality disorders and EMDR [Persönlichkeitsstörungen und EMDR]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Vienna, Austria. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Personality Disorders Accuracy Verified: Yes 161. Bergmann, U. (2004, June). Personality disorders as a variant of dissociative phenomena. Treatment with an integration of EMDR and ego-state work in the healing of self. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Stockholm, Sweden
. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Complex Trauma Dissociation Ego State Therapy Personality Disorders Accuracy Verified: Yes 162. Bergmann, U. (2004, November). Personality disorders as variants of dissociative phenomena: Treatment with an integration of ego-state work and EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the International Society for the Study of Dissociation Fall Conference, New Orleans, LA. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Dissociation Ego State Therapy Personality Disorders Accuracy Verified: Yes 163. Bergmann, U. (2004, June). Personality disorders as variants of dissociative phenomena: Treatment with an integration of the EMDR and ego state treatment. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Stockholm, Sweden. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Dissociation Ego State Therapy Personality Disorders Accuracy Verified: Yes 164. Bergmann, U. (2002, November). Personality disorders as variants of dissociative phenomena: Treatment with an integration of ego-state therapy and EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of International Society for the Study of Dissociation Fall Conference, Baltimore, MD. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Dissociation Ego State Therapy Personality Disorders Accuracy Verified: Yes 165. Bergmann, U. (2003, November). Personality disorders as variants of dissociative phenomena: Treatment with an integration of EMDR and ego state treatment. Presentation at the annual meeting of the International Society for the Study of Dissociation Fall Conference, Chicago, IL. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Dissociation Ego State Therapy Personality Disorders Accuracy Verified: Yes 166. Bergmann, U. (2003, September). Personality disorders as variants of dissociative phenomena: Treatment with an integration of EMDR and ego state work in the repair of the self. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Dissociation Ego State Therapy Personality Disorders Accuracy Verified: Yes 167. Bergmann, U. (2004, September). Personality disorders as variants of dissociative phenomena: Treatment with an integration of EMDR and ego-state work. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Montreal, Quebec Canada. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Personality Disorders Dissociation Ego State Therapy Accuracy Verified: Yes 168. Oren, U. (2008, December). Promising results with the EMDR method - Alleviating traumatized bodies and minds . Rehabilitation and Research Centre for Torture Victims: An International Evidence-Based Conference, Copenhagen, Denmark
. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Mind-Body Accuracy Verified: Yes 169. Monticelli, M. L. (2008, Novembre). Psicoterapia cognitivo costruttivista e EMDR integrati: verso un’evoluzione mente-corpo consapevole e collettiva [Cognitive constructivist EMDR integrated into development mind-body awareness and collective]. Poster presentato al Applicazioni Cliniche dell'EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia. Language: Italian Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Mind-Body Awareness Poster Accuracy Verified: Yes 170. Mollon, P. (2001, Summer). Psychoanalytic perspectives on accelerated information processing (EMDR). British Journal of Psychotherapy, 17(4), 448-464. Language: English Format: Journal Abstract: Keywords: Accelerated Information Processing AIP: Emotional Experience Emotional Trauma Psychoanalysis Treatment Accuracy Verified: Yes 171. Mollon, P. (2001, May). Psychoanalytical perspectives in EMDR (with clinical examples)". Presentation at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, London, UK
. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Psychoanalytic Accuracy Verified: Yes 172. Rivas, C. (2013, May). Psychosomatic conditions and EMDR: Applying the basic protocol to complex situations. Presentaton at the annual EMDR Canada Conference, Banff, Alberta CAN. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Mind-Body Connection Structural Interventions Accuracy Verified: Yes 173. Siegel, D. (2001, June). Psychotherapy and the resolution of trauma: Mental health and neural integration. Plenary at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Austin, TX. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Neurobiology Plenary Accuracy Verified: Yes 174. Cooper, G. (2008, November-December). PTSD treatments and the dodo bird. Psychotherapy Networker, 32(6), 17-20. Language: English Format: Magazine Abstract: Keywords: Dodo Bird Verdict Efficacy Metanalysis Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Treatment Accuracy Verified: Yes 175. Pagani, M., Nardo, D., Flumeri, F., Salmaso. D., Looi, J., Sanchez-Crespo, A., Larsson, S. A., Sundin, Ö., Hogberg, G., Bejerot, S. (2009, January). PW04-01 Volumetric changes in PTSD and in a subgroup of PTSD patients not responding to EMDR psychotherapy. European Psychiatry, 24(Supplement 1), S355. doi:10.1016/S0924-9338(09)70588-7. Language: English Format: Journal Abstract: Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PSTD Accuracy Verified: Yes 176. Koppel, R. H. (2009, May). Rapid eye movement effects on traumatic memories: A test of the working memory hypothesis. The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA. Language: English Format: Dissertation/Thesis Abstract: Keywords: Hypotheses Rapid Eye Movements REM Traumatic Memories Accuracy Verified: Yes 177. Young, W. C. & Young, L. J. (1997). Recognition and special treatment issues in patients reporting childhood sadistic ritual abuse; Appendix A: Informed consent regarding the treatment of traumatic and dissociative disorders. In G. A. Fraser (Ed.), The Dilemma of Ritual Abuse: Cautions and Guides for Therapists (Clinical Practice, No. 41) (1st ed.) (pp. 65-93, 95-100). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press. Language: English Format: Book Section Abstract: Keywords: Adults Child Abuse Dissociative Amnesia Dissociative Identity Disorder Drug Therapy Etiology False Memory Hypnotherapy Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Ritual Abuse Survivors Treatment Effectiveness Accuracy Verified: Yes 178. Jenkins, S. (2008, June). Relieving suffering and restoring lives: Understanding and treating sexual abuse
survivors. Poster session presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Sexual Abuse Survivors Accuracy Verified: Yes 179. Spector, J. (2003, February). Reprocessing. The Psychologist, 16(2), 65. Language: English Format: Journal Abstract: Keywords: Letter Reprocessing Accuracy Verified: Yes 180. Parnell, L. (2009, July). Resource tapping: Step-by step instructions for managing emotions and reducing anxiety with trauma patients
. Presentation at the National Institute for the Clinical Application of Behavioral Medicine Annual Conference, Hilton Head, S.C.. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Mind-Body Medicine Resource Tapping Accuracy Verified: Yes 181. Bogdanovic, V. (2008, Novembre). Rileggere la scuola del dissociazionismo (da Janet, Ferenzi, Jung fino a Kalsched) - le radici e oltre [Reread the dissociation school(from Janet, Ferenzi, Jung to Kalsched) - The roots and beyond]. Poster presentato al Applicazioni Cliniche dell'EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia
. Language: Italian Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Dissociation Janet Jung Poster Accuracy Verified: Yes 182. Direzkia, Y., & Syahriati, E. (2010, July). Safe place: An ambilvance?. Presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Safe Place Accuracy Verified: Yes 183. Simonson, E. L. (2009). School-based intervention programs for symptoms of traumatic stress. Universitetet i Stavenger, Stavenger, Norway. Language: English Format: Dissertation/Thesis Abstract: Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD School Intervention Trauma Accuracy Verified: Yes 184. Stickgold, R. (2008). Sleep-dependent memory processing
and EMDR action. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 2(4), 289-299. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.2.4.289. Language: English Format: Journal Abstract: Keywords: Associative Processing Memory Rapid Eye Movement REM Sleep Sleep Accuracy Verified: Yes 185. Leitch, M. L. (2007, September). Somatic experiencing treatment with tsunami survivors in Thailand: Broadening the scope of early intervention. Traumatology, 13(3), 11-20. doi:10.1177/1534765607305439. Language: English Format: Journal Abstract: Keywords: Cross-Cultural Research Brief Treatment Disaster Integrative Treatment Mind–Body Psychotherapy Somatic Experiencing Trauma First Aide Tsunami Accuracy Verified: Yes 186. Brink, A. (2006). Spiritualität in der traumatherapie mit EMDR [Spirituality in trauma therapy with EMDR]. Institut für Traumatherapie. Retrieved from http://www.traumatherapie.de/users/brink/Spirituelle%20Aspekte.html on 11/16/2011. Language: German Format: Other Abstract: Keywords: Spirituality Trauma Therapy Accuracy Verified: Yes 187. van der Weele, J., & With, A. (2007, June). Stabilization groups with ethnic minority women after domestic violence: Presentation of a model based on structural theory of dissociation, EMDR, intercultural comunication and expressive artwork. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Artwork Domestic Violence Dissociation Ethnic Intercultural Communication Minority Stabilization Women Accuracy Verified: Yes 188. Leutner, S., & Cronauer, E. (2010, June). Stabilizing while processing - Integration of resources into the EMDR protocol (RIT). Preconference presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Accuracy Verified: Yes 189. Kitchur, M. (2001, June). The strategic developmental model for EMDR: An overview. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Austin, TX. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Strategic Developmental Model Accuracy Verified: Yes 190. Kitchur, M. (1999, June). Strategic EMDR for immediate treatment gains and optimal, transformative outcomes. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Las Vegas, NV. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Client History Client Resistance EMDR Targets Accuracy Verified: Yes 191. Shapiro, F. (1993, Fall/Winter). Stray thoughts: Cautions. EMDR Network Newsletter, 3(2), 1-4. Language: English Format: Newsletter Abstract: Keywords: Cautions Client Safety Factors Accuracy Verified: Yes 192. Burford, M. (2002, October 1). Stress-overs; take three women under incredible pressure--just like you--and three stress-reduction experts. Mix. Stir up memories. Question: Is relief in sight?. O, The Oprah Magazine. Language: English Format: Magazine Abstract: Keywords: Stress Reduction Accuracy Verified: Yes 193. Knipe, J. (2005). Targeting positive affect to clear the pain of unrequited love, codependence, avoidance, and procrastination. In R. Shapiro (Ed.). EMDR solutions: Pathways to healing (pp. 189-212). New York: W W Norton & Co. Language: English Format: Book Section Abstract: Keywords: Life Experiences Psychotherapeutic Processes Survivors Accuracy Verified: Yes 194. Bartelski, N. (2011). Taxing of the working memory and the accessibility of memories. Utrecht, Nederlands: Universiteit Utrecht. Language: English Format: Dissertation/Thesis Abstract: Keywords: Fading In Fading Out Memory Accessibility Traumatic Image Working Memory Account Working Memory Taxing Accuracy Verified: Yes 195. de Heer, E. W., & Hoogeveen, E. M. (2009). Taxing working memory during recall of distressing memories with a counting task and EMDR benefits. Utrecht, Nederlands: Universiteit Utrecht. Language: English Format: Dissertation/Thesis Abstract: Keywords: Retrieval Working Memory Accuracy Verified: Yes 196. Engelhard, I. M., van den Hout, M. A., & Smeets, M. A. (2011, March). Taxing working memory reduces vividness and emotional intensity of images about the queen's day tragedy. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 42(1), 32-37. doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2010.09.004. Language: English Format: Journal Abstract: Keywords: Emotionality Vividness Accuracy Verified: Yes 197. Crudele, B. (2012, November 26). Touch, sound and light help heal inner wounds: Veteran turns to innovative therapy to relieve PTSD. Army Times. Retrieved from http://www.armytimes.com/news/2012/11/marine-emdr-ptsd-112612/ on 11/26/2012. Language: English Format: Newspaper Abstract: Keywords: Military Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Veterans Accuracy Verified: Yes 198. Siegel, D. J. (2001, June). Toward an interpersonal neurobiology of the developing mind. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Austin, TX. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Neurobiology Accuracy Verified: Yes 199. Stickgold, R. (2011). Traitement du souvenir dépendant du sommeil et mode d’action de l’EMDR [Treatment of sleep-dependent memory and mode of action of EMDR]. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 5(1), E1-E11. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.5.1.E1. Language: French Format: Journal Abstract: Keywords: Combination Therapy Memory REM Sleep Sleep Accuracy Verified: Yes 200. Parnell, L. (1997). Transforming trauma - EMDR: The revolutionary new therapy for freeing the mind, clearing the body, and opening the heart. New York: W. W. Norton. Language: English Format: Book Abstract: Keywords: Personal Narrative Stressors Survivors Accuracy Verified: Yes 201. Krystal, D. S., Berbower, S., Katz, I., Pregerson, S., Slyman, S., & Wager, J. (1995, June). Transpersonal psychotherapy panel: EMDR & transpersonal approaches to psychotherapy. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Guided Imagery Hypnosis Panel Transpersonal Transpersonal Psychotherapy Accuracy Verified: Yes 202. Seijo, N. (2012, June). Trastornos de alimentación y EMDR [EMDR in eating disorders]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain. Language: Spanish Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Eating Disorders Accuracy Verified: Yes 203. Siegel, D. J. (2004, June). Trauma and the mind: attachment, relationships, and neural integration. Plenary presented at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, Stockholm, Sweden . Language: English Format: Conference Keywords: Attachment Neural Integration Plenary Relationships Trauma Accuracy Verified: Yes 204. Johannesson, K. B. (2007). Traumatiska minnen kan behandlas effektivt med EMDR [Traumatic memories can be effectively treated with EMDR]. Läkartidningen, 104(10), 782-783. Language: Swedish Format: Magazine Abstract: Keywords: Cognitive Therapy Desensitization Eye Movements Humans Memory Post-Traumatic Therapy Psychologic Methods Stress Disorders Treatment Outcome Accuracy Verified: Yes 205. Bergmann, U. (2004, November). Treating dissociation in the spectrum of personality disorders. Presentation at the annual meeting of the International Society for the Study of Dissociation Fall Conference, New Orleans, LA. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Dissociation Personality Disorders Accuracy Verified: Yes 206. Bergmann, U. (2005, November). Treating dissociation in the spectrum of personality disorders. Presentation at the annual meeting of the International Society for the Study of Dissociation Fall Conference, Toronto, Ontario Canada. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Dissociation Personality Disorders Accuracy Verified: Yes 207. Bergmann, U. (2006, September). Treating dissociation in the spectrum of personality disorders. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Philadelphia, PA. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Dissociation Personality Disorders Accuracy Verified: Yes 208. Bergmann, U. (2008, September). Treating dissociation in the spectrum of personality disorders: Integrating EMDR and ego state treatment. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Phoenix, AZ. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Dissociation Ego State Therapy Personality Disorders Accuracy Verified: Yes 209. Bergmann, U. (2006, November). Treating dissociation in the spectrum of personality disorders: Integrating EMDR and ego-state treatment. Presentation at the annual meeting of the International Society for the Study of Dissociation Fall Conference, Los Angeles, CA. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Dissociation Ego State Therapy Personality Disorders Accuracy Verified: Yes 210. Bergmann, U. (2005, September). Treating dissociation in the spectrum of personality disorders. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Seattle, WA. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Dissociation Ego State Therapy Personality Disorders Accuracy Verified: Yes 211. Settle, C., & Bolte, C. S. (2012, October). Treating dissociation, ritual abuse and mind control from an attachment perspective. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Arlington, VA. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Attachment Dissociation Mind Control Ritual Abuse Accuracy Verified: Yes 212. Pressey, D. (2004, July 25). Treating the mind after trauma - Some getting best results with 'eye movement desensitization' therapy. Champaign-Urbana, IL: The News-Gazette, A-1, A-10. Language: English Format: Newspaper Abstract: Keywords: Champaign Urbana, IL General Overview Accuracy Verified: No 213. de Jongh, A. (2004, June). The treatment of phobias with EMDR: Principle, protocol, and procedure. Preconference presentation at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, Stockholm, Sweden
. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Phobias Accuracy Verified: Yes 214. Russell, M. C. (2012, February 5). Underestimating the true prevalence of war stress injury in the military. Huffington Post. Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/mark-c-russell-phd-abpp/ptsd-military-_b_1250227.html on 2/5/2012. Language: English Format: Other Abstract: Keywords: Blog Military Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Veterans War Accuracy Verified: Yes 215. Mosquera, D., & Gonzalez, A. (2010, June). Understanding dissociative language. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Dissociation Accuracy Verified: Yes 216. McFarlane, A. (2010, June). Understanding traumatic stress reactions - The linking of phenomenology, aetiology and treatment plan. Preconference presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Traumatic Stress Accuracy Verified: Yes 217. Ferrie, R. (2012, April). The use of dreams in ego state and EMDR therapies for trauma and dissociation. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Canada, Montreal, Canada. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Dissociation Dreams Ego State Therapy Trauma Accuracy Verified: Yes 218. Klaus, P. (2007, June). The use of EMDR in medical and somatic problems. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Health Problems Medical Problems Somatic Problems Accuracy Verified: Yes 219. Klaus, P. (2008, June). The use of EMDR in somatic & medical problems: Special emphasis on early life interventions. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Early Life Interventions Medical Problems Somatic Problems Accuracy Verified: Yes 220. Hallett, J., Conlin, D., King, E., Kingan, P. Ohlson, R. & Zvelc, G. (2003, April). The use of EMDR, mind-body, and affective techniques in integrative psychotherapy. Clinical forum at the 1st International Conference by International Integrative Psychotherapy Association, New York, NY. Language: English Format: Conference Accuracy Verified: Yes 221. Hallet, J., Conlin, D., King, E., Kingan, P., Ohlson, R., & Zvelc, G. (2003). The use of EMDR, mind-body, and affective techniques in integrative psychotherapy. Presentation at the International Integrative Psychotherapy Association Conference, New York, NY. Language: English Format: Conference Keywords: Affective Techniques Integrative Psychotherapy Mind-Body Accuracy Verified: Yes 222. Holstein, B. (2001, June). The use of focusing with EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Austin, TX. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Accuracy Verified: Yes 223. Ross, C., & Rouanzoin, C. (2012, October). Uses of EMDR in complex dissociative disorders. Presentation at the 29th annual meeting of the International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation, Long Beach, CA. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Dissociative Disorders Accuracy Verified: Yes 224. North, T. C. (1999). Uses of EMDR with high performance issues: Classic
and modified protocols. Symposium conducted at the annual conference of the Association of the Advancement of Applied Sport Psychology, Banff, Alberta, Canada. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Athletes Performance Issues Symposium Accuracy Verified: Yes 225. Keller, M. (2010, July). Using EMDR at each stage of the trauma recovery process. Presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Trauma Recovery Process Accuracy Verified: Yes 226. Wesselmann, D. (2000, December). The utilization of EMDR and ego state therapy with two severely depressed, dissociative clients. EMDRIA Newsletter, 5 (Special Edition), 19-24. Language: English Format: Newsletter Abstract: Keywords: Dissociation Ego State Therapy Accuracy Verified: Yes 227. Thatcher, P. (2013, May). Utilizing mind/body resources with EMDR in the treatment of complex trauma and dissociation. Presentation at the Western Massachusetts EMDRIA Regional Network 9th Annual Spring Conference, Amherst MA. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Dissociation Mind/Body Connection Accuracy Verified: Yes 228. Grant, M. (2002). What is EMDR and how can it help control pain?. OvercomingPain.com. Language: English Format: Other Abstract: Keywords: Chronic Pain Accuracy Verified: Yes 229. Bender, S. S. (2009). When words and pictures fail: An introduction to adaptive information processing. In M. Luber (Ed.), Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) scripted protocols: Basics and special situations, (pp. 49-56). New York: Springer Publishing Co. Language: English Format: Book Section Abstract: Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing System History Taking Life Experience Negative Beliefs Preparation Trauma Accuracy Verified: Yes 230. Shapiro, F. (1991, August). Worth repeating. EMDR Network Newsletter, 1(1), 1-2. Language: English Format: Newsletter Abstract: Accuracy Verified: Yes 231. O'Shea, K., Goeller, J. & Goeller, G. (2010, April). A wounded mind?. Presentation at the 25th Annual Alzheimer’s Conference, Seattle, Washington. Language: English Format: Conference Abstract: Keywords: Alzheimers Caretakers Trauma Accuracy Verified: Yes
The goal of this paper is to examine one therapy process in order to explore what resources EMDR treatment can provide to complex traumatized clients with previous long-term therapies. How important is the role of mind/body connection? How could it be best observed and taken into consideration when deciding on therapeutic choices during difference phases in psychotherapy? This case raises also the following questions: When it is best to use EMDR? How do the therapist and client know when the client is ready for EMDR? How can clients learn to feel, become aware of their own bodies, observe their body sensations and label these observations? What is the importance of these skills before using EMDR? How do EMDR protocols work in this context?
Case: This client had been severely traumatized in childhood and also in adult life. She came to EMDR treatment with own question: “Have I ever been able to feel anything?” She had been in different psychotherapies, but her body was not ready for EMDR and she could not regulate emotions. She had good ego strength. This presentation shows how the therapy process progressed and it includes a therorectical discussion.
It is possible to integrate different kinds of therapies. Previous “traditional talking therapies” can give to the client the necessary ego strength, boundaries and make it easier to build a therapeutic relationship. Since trauma-related syndromes split the mind and body, it is necessary to address what occurs in the body, just as it is equally necessary to use words to make sense of and describe an experience. E
The integration of EMDR with Ego State therapy will be presented as a comprehensive approach to the treatment of the wide spectrum of
personality disorders. The histories of these clients often include early repeat experiences of abuse, deprivation, abandonment, and parental
coldness. Historically, the treatment of personality disorders has been described as difficult, if not impossible; manifested by a rigid character armor, defensive resistance. This presentation will propose that the presence of untreated dissociation accounts for these failures and will highlight the use of ego-mapping, exploration, interweaves and the
utilization of ego-state-specific EMDR protocols to facilitate robust processing.
The discovery of EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) has led to a structured treatment model conceptualized
in cognitive constructs (the three pronged approach). Based on the diagnostic and treatment situation, this may or may not, be easily
integrated into a psychodynamic (insight oriented) treatment approach. However, I have empirically found a dramatic, acceleration
and deepening of the psychodynamic treatment process with patients when flexibly utilizing EMDR in session. This presentation
will explore the different applications of EMDR incorporating Freudian, ego psychological, separation/individuation and self
psychological theories with practice wisdom derived from extensive case material. Attention will be given to the associative
process, screen memories, dream work, resistance, transference, countertransference and character analysis. The structural (id, ego
and superego) and topographical (unconscious, preconscious and conscious) models of the mind as well as the listening process will
be examined as they inform the use of EMDR. Particular focus will be devoted to how the cognitive interweave can be expanded
conceptually to incorporate the techniques of interpretation and mirroring. The anxieties, resistances and allegiance issues evoked in
the psychodynamically trained therapist, as they attempt to integrate EMDR into their practices will also be addressed.
In this second installment of our interview Dr.
Shapiro discusses the clinical issues in the use of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, the phenomenon of the EMDR movement, the mind/body relationship and her thoughts on the nature of EMDR.
Hurley uses a relatively new therapeutic tool. It’s called Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, or EMDR. He says the therapy is nothing like hypnosis. It helps disrupt traumatic memories so the mind can then deal with them in a healthy way.
In questi anni l’EMDR si č affermata come trattamento di evidenza nel piů classico e piů grave dei disturbi direttamente legati allo stress, cioč il PTSD (Bisson & Andrew, 2007) e sono stati evidenziati i suoi effetti sul SNC. Nonostante questo ed il suo progressivo impiego in una ampia varietŕ di situazioni sono ancora poche le riflessioni sull’EMDR dal punto di vista dell’integrazione mente-corpo, in particolare utilizzando i dati offerti dal campo di ricerca della PNEI. Nel presente lavoro ci soffermeremo su alcuni di questi aspetti per evidenziare come l’EMDR rappresenta una delle terapie piů rispondenti alle nuove evidenze scientifiche ed alle esigenze di una scienza integrata della salute.
Tre gli elementi salienti offerti dalla ricerca:
1. La vita ha plasmato nel percorso evolutivo strutture altamente integrate, descrivibili come sistemi complessi a rete in retroazione continua con il contesto. In particolare i sistemi nervoso, endocrino ed immunitario costituiscono nel network psicocorporeo un “super-sistema” di relazione e regolazione in grado di assicurare gli equilibri adattativi incorporando l’esperienza e gestendo la dinamica mantenimento-cambiamento (“regolazione allostatica”). Quindi l’organismo non č una macchina fatta di parti autonome tra loro assemblate, ma una realtŕ che parte dall’unitŕ (zigote) e mantiene tale carattere unitario in tutte le sue articolazioni.
2. Lo stress non č qualcosa di per sé eccezionale e patologico, deve invece essere visto – all’opposto – come l’espressione di un insieme di processi (un sistema) che modulano la regolazione individuo-contesto a fini adattativi. In sostanza il sistema dello stress č sempre attivo e solo in situazioni di eccesso o di carenza (acute o croniche) produce effetti progressivamente dannosi per l’individuo. Le attivitŕ legate allo stress producono un “carico allostatico” (peso biologico, energetico) che – in relazione a fattori soggettivi ed esterni – puň divenire “sovraccarico” innescando una catena di successive alterazioni nel funzionamento dell’organismo. Parallelamente vi č un “carico” ed un “sovraccarico psicologico” legati al primo da processi circolari.
3. Nel network corporeo e nel sistema dello stress, ovvero nei processi di regolazione generale interni e individuo-contesto, la mente svolge un ruolo cruciale di modulazione come dimensione nella quale i segnali (interni ed esterni) vengono trasformati in informazioni (assegnazione di significati) in base ai percorsi ed alle esigenze individuali di adattamento. La mente rappresenta cosě la piů alta espressione dell’evoluzione della vita e delle sue strategie adattative e ciň spiega il suo ruolo rispetto al funzionamento complessivo dell’organismo. Le recenti acquisizioni delle neuroscienze hanno mostrato l’interdipendenza tra attivitŕ psichica, espressione genica e plasticitŕ cerebrale che rende possibile il ruolo della mente.
Il sovraccarico allostatico e psicologico legati allo stress dipendono in gran parte dall’attivitŕ mentale e costituiscono il principale fattore di rischio per la salute nelle societŕ occidentali, antecedenti accertati delle patologie piů diffuse. Se guardiamo a quanto detto sinora nell’ottica dello sviluppo individuale (fase intrauterina, processi di attaccamento, eventi significativi successivi) possiamo avere una idea di come mente, corpo e contesto interagiscono nella strutturazione dell’individuo ed il ruolo condizionante e de-strutturante delle situazioni e degli eventi che provocano una alterazione da stress. Le ricerche sul rapporto tra stress e sviluppo psicobiologico, tra modalitŕ di attaccamento, strutturazione dei circuiti cerebrali, o tra queste e salute, confermano tali assunti (Lazzari, 2007). Venendo piů da vicino all’EMDR, gli studi sulla psicobiologica del PTSD stanno mostrando che siamo di fronte sostanzialmente ad una manifestazione (particolarmente complessa ed accentuata) degli effetti dello stress sul network psicocorporeo (Iribarren et al., 2005). La ricerca sul PTSD (e gli altri disturbi da stress del DSM) deve incrociare necessariamente i filoni di studio sopra richiamati ed utilizzare la cornice concettuale che ne scaturisce.
Gli effetti psicobiologici dello stress estremo e del trauma vanno inquadrati nell’ambito delle
interazioni mente-corpo e della regolazione allostatica (carico vs sovraccarico allostatico).
A nostro avviso, al di lŕ degli specifici effetti sul SNC, l’EMDR si č mostrata efficace nel PTSD in relazione alla sua caratteristica generale di ricercare ed utilizzare come “target” non singoli aspetti di una esperienza, bensě l’esperienza nei suoi diversi aspetti: cognitivi, emotivi, fisiologici e relazionali.
Il lavoro dell’EMR va a recuperare una integrazione perduta e lavora su questa.
Si deve tenere presente infatti che, in via generale e preminente, lo stress compromette i livelli di integrazione, coerenza e flessibilitŕ del sistema: lo stress cronico per processi progressivi di disregolazione, quello acuto per “rotture”, blocchi e sconnessioni. Pertanto l’elaborazione dell’informazione (e delle conseguenze) legata ad eventi e situazioni stressanti passa attraverso una re-integrazione di tutti gli aspetti psicobiologici correlati per giungere ad una ristrutturazione.
Il livello di “penetrazione” (efficacia) di un approccio terapeutico č molto legato alla sua omogeneitŕ con la realtŕ su cui interviene,cioč al fatto di parlare lo stesso linguaggio.
E questo č un punto di forza notevole per l’EMDR.
I dati disponibili sono coerenti con quanto enunciato: l’EMDR modifica i parametri fisiologici riducendo ed annullando l’attivazione da stress, spostando la bilancia dall’inibizione simpatica all’attivazione parasimpatica (Sack et al. 2007) e risulta associata l’abbassamento dell’arousal fisiologico, cioč con pattern di attivitŕ regolari e trofiche (Sack et al. 2008), mostrando similaritŕ con quanto accade durante il sonno REM (Elofsson et al., 2008).
L’EMDR incide altresě su disturbi fisici legati al sistema dello stress, come ad esempio hanno mostrato ricerche su patologie dermatologiche (Gupta, 2002).
In recent years, EMDR has established itself as the treatment of evidence in the most classical and most serious of disorders directly related to stress, that is, PTSD (Bisson & Andrew, 2007) and were highlighted its effects on the CNS. Despite this and its progressive use in a wide variety of situations are still few reflections from the perspective sull'EMDR mind-body integration, in particular using data provided by the search of PNEI. In this work we will focus on some of these issues to highlight how EMDR is one of the therapies are more responsive to new scientific evidence and the needs of an integrated science of health. Three main elements of research are: 1. Life has shaped the evolutionary highly integrated structures, we describe how systems
complex feedback network continues with the context. In particular, the nervous, endocrine immune network and provide psycho in a "super-system" of relationship and adjustment
able to ensure the balance incorporating adaptive expertise and managing the dynamic maintenance-change ( "regulation allostatica"). Then the body is a machine made of autonomous parts, assembled together, but a reality that leaves the unit (zygote) and maintains that unitary in all its joints. 2. Stress is not something in itself exceptional and pathological, but must be seen - in contrast -- as the expression of a set of processes (a system) that modulate the individual-regulation framework for adaptive. In essence, the system of stress is always on and only in situations of excess or deficiency (acute or chronic) effects progressively damaging to the individual. The Stress-related activity produces a "load allostatico" (weight biological energy) that --
relation to subjective factors and external - can become "overloaded" by triggering a chain of subsequent alterations in the functioning of the organism. In parallel there is a "load" and a
"Overload psychological" processes related to the first round. 3. In the network system and body of stress, or in the process of setting general internal and individual-context, the mind plays a crucial role as a dimension of modulation in which signals (internal and external) are transformed into information (assigning meanings) depending on the paths and individual needs of adaptation. The mind is so the highest expression of the evolution of life and its adaptive strategies, which explains its role in relation to the overall functioning of the organism. The recent acquisitions of
neuroscience have shown the interdependence of psychic activity, gene expression and plasticity brain that makes the role of the mind. Overload allostatico and psychological stress-related depend in large part by activism mental and constitute the main risk factor for health in Western societies, antecedents established disease spreading. If we look to the foregoing view of personal development (stage intrauterine attachment process, significant events later) we can have an idea of how mind, body and environment interact in the structuring the individual and the role conditioning and de-structuring of situations and events that cause an alteration by stress. Research on the relationship between stress and psychobiological development, including mode of attachment, structure of brain circuits, or between them and health, confirmation of these given (Lazzari, 2007). Coming closer all'EMDR, psychobiological studies of PTSD are showing that we are dealing essentially an event (especially complex and pronounced) the effects of stress on the network psycho (Iribarren et al., 2005). Research on PTSD (and other stress disorders DSM) must necessarily cross the strands study mentioned above and use the conceptual framework that arises. Psychobiological effects of extreme stress and trauma should be classified within mind-body interactions and regulation allostatica (load vs. overload allostatico). In our view, beyond the specific effects on the CNS, EMDR has been shown effective in PTSD in connection with his characteristic broad research and use as a "target" rather than individual aspects of an experience, but experience in its different aspects: cognitive, emotional, physiological and relational. Work dell'EMR goes to retrieve a lost and working on this integration. It should be remembered that, in general, and prominent, stress affects the levels of integration, consistency and flexibility of the system: chronic stress for progressive process of dysregulation, the acute "broken", blocks and disconnections. Therefore processing information (and consequences) related to events and stressful situations through a re-integration of all aspects related to psychobiological reach a restructuring. The level of "penetration" (effectiveness) of a therapeutic approach is very attached to his homogeneity with the reality on which it operates, namely the fact of speaking the same language. And this is a great asset for EMDR. The available data are consistent with the statement: EMDR change physiological parameters reducing and canceling the activation by stress, shifting the balance from the inhibition nice parasympathetic activation (Sack et al. 2007) and is associated with lowering dell'arousal physiological, ie regular patterns of activity and trophic (Sack et al. 2008), showing similarities with what happens during REM sleep (Elofsson et al., 2008).
EMDR also impacts on physical ailments related to the system of stress, such as have Show searches on dermatological (Gupta, 2002).
During my consultation to become a certified
EMDR therapist, I learned that omitting the future
template is the main reason some EMDR treatments
do not hold. If this is even anecdotally true (I know
of no research that states such), how is reducing the
future
template to one sentence in an article advancing
the maintenance of “ . . . the integrity of the standard
EMDR protocol and keeping adaptive information
processing in mind . . . ” mentioned in the article?
Although the author states the importance of “ . . . the
efficacy of this powerful methodology . . .” I respectfully
submit that short cutting the future template in
research articles does a disservice to the adherence of
any protocol. [Excerpt]
"I would like to ask some questions concerning the protocol you have developed for the
miners. Do you differentiate it with people trapped under buildings? I've read your paper
quite carehlly and I know you mention it does, but I was wondering about the air flow.
That part is not very clear to me. What is it that happens with the air when a building
collapses? Do you mean that it feels different, or that the air flow changes direction at the
exact time that the collapse begins? In other words that the air one used to breath before
the collapse feels different than after the collapse? Also why is the amount of fluid
consumption important? Does it have to do with whether they had drunk water or coffee
before the collapse or if they were given fluids by the rescue teams? I guess it has to do
with establishing the feeling of thirst under the rubble or dehydration? My questions
might sound silly but I do have them. I'd appreciate your feedback on this. I do have in
mind the stories I've heard from the survivors. Horrendous experiences that I'm
concerned of where I start from. Their personal experiences, the loss of their friends, the
impact it had on their company. There are so many issues involved here."
For people who feel that something essential is missing in terms of goals, creativity, or satisfaction. Participants will be able to: 1) adapt EMDR for non-trauma work; 2) apply techniques of mind mapping and life review movies; and 3) learn to close any course of EMDR more thoroughly.
Innanzitutto alcuni ringraziamenti: ad Isabel Fernandez, per cominciare, per averci chiamati a partecipare a questo I Congresso Nazionale e poi a Roger Solomon, per gli insegnamenti ricevuti.
Sono fiero, ve lo dico sinceramente, di far parte di questa nostra Associazione, e di aver conosciuto l’approccio l’EMDR che in questi ultimi anni ha davvero dato un nuovo e ravvivante impulso alla pratica clinica di tanti di noi.
First, some thanks: Isabel Fernandez, to begin with, for having called us to participate in this National Congress and then to Roger Solomon, for the teachings received.
I am proud, I tell you frankly, to be part of our Association, and have known the EMDR approach in recent years has really given a new impetus to reviving and clinical practice of many of us.
Peu importe le type de cancer, cette maladie crée de l’anxiété chez les patients qui en souffrent et provoque une dépression auprčs d’un tiers de la clientčle atteinte. La psycho oncologie étudie ces dimensions du cancer ŕ partir des aspects psychologiques, sociaux, comportementaux et éthiques. Le cancer devient alors une maladie du corps et de l’esprit.
No matter which type of cancer, this illness creates anxiety in and may provoke those that suffer from it. Depression in a third of cancer patients. Psycho-oncology studies these dimensions of cancer by focusing on
psychological, social, behavioral and ethical aspects. Cancer therefore becomes an illness of body and mind/soul. This workshop aims to educate EMDR therapists to the traumas brought up by the diagnosis of cancer and its treatments with application to chronic illness in general. As cancer incidence increases yearly, more and more people and their close ones will be affected by this illness. Knowledge about those aspects
related to psycho-oncology then becomes important for clinicians who will be increasingly involved in such clinical situations.
This workshop will teach you a simple and efficient way to organize any EMDR client file no matter how complex.
Mind mapping can lower overwhelming complexity of case files. This process was developed to help me with
efficient case planning. I will teach you how to keep track of targets, client resources, themes, connections
between targets, etc. while also providing a quick reference guide and way to plan sessions. Additionally, it
provides clients with feedback on what has been accomplished and is yet to complete. Clients have commented
that these maps have encouraged them as they can see clearly what they have completed, their strengths and
resources, and themes in their life. They also understand that as their therapist, I have a thorough understanding.
It also provides the therapist with a process to clarify where consultation is needed. Please bring a client file in
which you have permission to receive colleague consultation. A real client file will be provided for those who wish
not to bring a client file. Learning objectives:
• To learn an efficient and simple way to organize client files with mind mapping techniques
• To enhance case planning by identifying areas to be addressed through the re-organization of a file
• To review the EMDR protocol through the mind map process
The author outlines the twenty four steps in the Preparation Phase of EMDR processing during a EMDR session with a child.
La investigación realizada en los laboratorios orientada a aclarar los procesos de la memoria en el hombre han mostrado de manera coherente que la memoria es un proceso activo y constructivo: la mente está reensamblando de manera constante las antiguas impresiones, agregándolas a la nueva información. Los recuerdos no son considerados como hechos precisos sino que son transformados en relatos que nos contamos a nosotros mismos y a los demás, con el fin de transmitir una narración coherente de nuestra experiencia en el mundo. En raras ocasiones genera nuestra mente imágenes, olores, sensaciones o acciones musculares precisas que reproduzcan exactamente experiencias previas. De hecho, los más renombrados investigadores de la memoria tales como Elizabeth Loftus, Dan Schachter y John Kihlstrom niegan de manera enfática que la mente sea capaz de reproducir de manera precisa las improntas de experiencias previas.
Research conducted in laboratories oriented to clarify the processes of memory in humans have consistently shown that memory is an active and constructive process: the mind is constantly reassembling the old prints, adding to the new information. The memories are not considered precise facts that are transformed into stories we tell ourselves and others, to convey a coherent narrative of our experience in the world. On rare occasions our mind creates images, smells, feelings or actions that reproduce exactly precise muscle experiences. In fact, the best known memory researchers such as Elizabeth Loftus, Dan Schachter and John Kihlstrom emphatically deny that the mind is able to accurately reproduce the imprints of past experiences.
It may be very effective to seek brief psychotherapy to reduce the experienced stressfulness of unchangeable life circumstances or to evaluate possible changes in other conditions. 2) You may benefit from coaching in relaxation methods that can be added to your daily life to change the proportion of time you spend in a "relaxed" rather than "stressed" frame of mind. 3) The relatively new technique of EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Restructuring) has been shown to be very efficient in reducing tensions and anxieties. 4) Since teeth-grinding is a behavioral expression of tensions we are not consciously aware of while asleep, hypnotherapy aimed at facilitating changes on the unconscious level or directly suggesting relaxed jaw while sleeping, can be particularly effective.
This article is a Modification of a talk at the Swedenborg Scientific Association Annual Meeting in Bryn Athyn on 5 May 2001.
In June 1998 I learned of a technique called Eye Movement Desensitization
and Reprocessing (EMDR), for treating painful memories. It basically
seems to involve stimulating the patient’s brain bilaterally, while the
patient holds the memory or memories in their mind. Originally, Francine
Shapiro,1 the discoverer and developer of the technique, used saccadic
(sideways movement, to and fro) of the eyes. Subsequently it has been
found that bilateral alternating ear sound, or tapping the hands alternately,
or even the feet in desperate situations, helps to transform the
nature of the memory in various positive ways. Occasionally nothing
happens, but usually the memory fades, becomes laughable, of no importance,
and with or without a host of other reactions. There are temporary
unpleasant reactions on the way to resolution, but if dealt with skillfully,
the result is usually positive. Francine Shapiro stresses the importance of
getting proper training before practicing EMDR, as these reactions can be
quite frightening to someone not used to dealing with them. But the good
results are often astonishing. A fresh way of looking at the problem,
impossible before, becomes attainable. Though memories be as scarlet
they become whiter than snow to use the familiar words from Isaiah.
Over the past decade, the rapid treatment effects of EMDR have provided neuro-physiological and clinical researchers with a “window into the brain.” In addition to the neurobiological changes, the rapid shifts in cognition, affect and somatic response reveal consistent patterns of internal associative processes. Systematic evaluation has also demonstrated that a wide variety of diagnoses are caused or exacerbated by unprocessed memories. Hence, EMDR treatment directly addresses the physiologically stored memory networks that underlie both psychological problems and mental health. A clinical tape will illustrate the findings, and the implications will be explored.
Onveilige en ongeorganiseerd bijlagen en het begin van relationele verwaarlozing en trauma diepgaand effect op het ontwikkelingstraject van de toekomstige volwassen en verhogen het risico op het ontwikkelen Borderline persoonlijkheidsstoornis (BPD). Mensen met een borderline-stoornis en een geschiedenis complex trauma hebben veel problemen met zelfregulering en met betrekking tot anderen. Het beheer van deze zelfregulering en relationele problemen zijn centrale aspecten in de behandeling van BPS.
De stabilisatiefase is opgemerkt als essentieel oor trauma werk. Bij de behandeling van de borderline-stoornis en complexe trauma betekent dit vele bijzonderheden die we moeten in gedachten houden, waaronder: de rol van gehechtheid-gerelateerde gemoedstoestanden en fobieën voor de bevestiging, beďnvloeden en traumatische herinneringen. Werken met gevallen van BPS en complex trauma is intrinsiek relationeel en vaak gepaard gaat met de noodzaak om momenten van intense beďnvloeden en invloed hebben op fobieën beheren in de overdracht en tegenoverdracht. Inzicht in deze aspecten en met strategieën voor het aanpakken van hen is van essentieel belang zowel voor als tijdens EMDR opwerking van traumatische herinneringen om ervoor te zorgen dat de verwerking van traumatische herinneringen veilig en effectief kan worden gedaan met deze patiënten. Deze workshop integreert theoretische uiteenzetting met de presentatie van video's gevallen. De algemene structuur van EMDR therapie bij de behandeling van BPD, interventies in de voorbereidings-en overwegingen voor trauma-gerichte EMDR werk zal worden gedemonstreerd en uitgelegd.
Insecure and disorganized attachments and early relational neglect and trauma profoundly affect the developmental trajectory of the future adult and increase the risk of developing Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). People with BPD and a history complex trauma have many difficulties with self-regulation and relating to others. The management of these self-regulation and relational difficulties are central aspects in the treatment of BPD.
The stabilization phase has been remarked as essential prior to trauma work. In treating BPD and complex trauma this implies many particularities that we should keep in mind including: the role of attachment-related states of mind and phobias for attachment, affect and traumatic memories. Working with cases of BPD and complex trauma is intrinsically relational and often involves the need to manage moments of intense affect and affect phobias in the transference and countertransference. Understanding these aspects and having strategies for addressing them is essential both before and during EMDR reprocessing of traumatic memories to ensure that reprocessing of traumatic memories can be done safely and effectively with these patients. This workshop integrates theoretical exposition with the presentation of videos cases. The general structure of EMDR therapy in treating BPD, interventions for the preparation phase and considerations for trauma-focused EMDR work will be demonstrated and explained.
He began EMDR (eye motion distraction response) therapy that uses alternating left and right taps or beeps designed to move the brain's awareness back and forth between the right and left sides — the effect stimulates a new way of thinking.
“The horror show lives in your left brain,” he said.
Nordic therapy:
EMDR taught him to go past the scenes he kept playing over in his mind. He believes Nordic skiing mimics the EMDR therapy with the left-right-left-right motion on Nordic skis.
Stuttering was for years thought to be a psychological problem, but it is, in fact, a neurological problem, Kehoe said. The new neurology approach is eye movement desensitization and preprocessing, EMDR, working through the eyes rather than drugs. Casa Futura products use the same premise, only they work through the ears.
Golfer Steve Kittleson had practiced and practiced, but was still having problems when the golf pro at Ridgeway Country Club suggested he see an EMDR facilitator.
The therapy is called EMDR – Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing – and, while still controversial, it’s being practiced around the country and is widely used to treat post-traumatic stress and other disorders.
In "The Reunion Process: A New Focus in Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy," by Dr. Sandler (see record 2007-09422-001), addresses posttreatment relapse by a new therapeutic strategy based on attachment theory and recent research findings concerning the neurobiology of memory. This strategy involves the discovery or creation of positive childhood maternal attachment memories as a method of overcoming the dominance of negative memories. Dr. Sandler makes assumptions about what can be achieved in short-term therapies, the pace of therapeutic change, as well as the role in treatment outcome of techniques versus therapist skill and relationship factors. These assumptions are not supported by psychotherapy research. While the attempt to use new discoveries from neurobiology to guide the development of therapeutic techniques is admirable, the author appears to engage in a fair amount of speculative theoretical reductionism in attempting to explain the eventually positive outcome of the case he presents. I offer a more parsimonious psychological explanation, which is consistent with the short-term dynamic psychotherapy theory of change. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved)
At 25, I found a great therapist and tried Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing therapy, or EMDR, for the first time. What I learned through EMDR could fill an entire magazine of its own. So, for those of you dealing with the residual effects of traumatic situations, you may want to check out www.emdr.com. I've since emerged a healthy and happy individual.
"EMDR sounds like utter nonsense, but this weird thing has a profound effect on people," says Dr. Bessel A. van der Kolk, a professor of psychiatry at Boston University who has studied EMDR.
Since Cox switched to EMDR she has had dramatically good results.
O objetivo do trabalho é apresentar uma revisăo sobre o efeito dos movimentos oculares durante a exposiçăo a memórias traumáticas a partir do paradigma da Teoria da Memória de Trabalho. Shapiro (2001) afirmou que a compreensăo do mecanismo de açăo do EMDR por meio da análise do efeito de seus componentes pode permitir cada vez mais seu aprimoramento. A meta-análise de Lee e Cuijpers (2012) mostra a importância dos movimentos oculares para a diminuiçăo da vivacidade e das emoçőes negativas associadas ŕs memórias traumáticas. Segundo a Teoria da Memória de Trabalho, a realizaçăo de movimentos oculares durante a manutençăo de memórias traumáticas causaria a taxaçăo da memória de trabalho, tornando as imagens menos vívidas e emocionais (ex. Gunter e Bodner 2008; van Den Hout et al. 2011). Quanto maior a taxaçăo da memória de trabalho, desde que năo cause prejuízo da manutençăo da memória na mente, maior é a reduçăo da vivacidade e intensidade (Gunter e Bodner 2008; van Den Hout et al. 2011, Engelhard et al. 2010, 2011). Portanto, a intensidade dos movimentos oculares parece ser importante para o efeito terapęutico. Smeets et al. (2012), ao investigarem o decurso temporal desses efeitos, verificaram que os movimentos oculares interferem primeiro com a vivacidade da memória. A reduçăo da emocionalidade ocorre posteriormente. Por sua vez, Engelhard et al. (2010, 2011) tęm mostrado que os movimentos oculares também săo benéficos em relaçăo a imagens negativas de eventos futuros, indicando um efeito terapęutico do EMDR sobre psicopatologias em que essas imagens estăo presentes.Assim, em consonância com a afirmaçăo de Shapiro (2001), estudos mostram a importância de se correlacionar a prática clínica com as investigaçőes científicas sobre componentes do EMDR (ver Engelhard 2012). Além de favorecer a compreensăo, a aplicaçăo e a revisăo dos protocolos, a correlaçăo possui implicaçőes clínicas importantes.
The objective is to present a review on the effect of eye movements during exposure to traumatic memories from the paradigm of the Theory of Working Memory. Shapiro (2001) stated that understanding the mechanism of action of EMDR through the analysis of the effect of its components can increasingly allow their improvement. A meta-analysis of Lee and Cuijpers (2012) shows the importance of eye movements to decrease the vividness and negative emotions associated with traumatic memories. According to the Theory of Working Memory, conducting eye movements during maintenance of traumatic memories cause the tax working memory, making the images less vivid and emotional (eg Gunter and Bodner 2008; van den Hout et al. 2011) . The higher taxation of working memory, since it does not cause prejudice to the maintenance of memory in mind, the greater the reduction in vividness and intensity (Gunter and Bodner 2008; van den Hout et al., 2011, Engelhard et al. 2010, 2011 ). Therefore, the intensity of eye movements seem to be important to the therapeutic effect. Smeets et al. (2012) investigated the time course of these effects and found that eye movements interfere first with the vividness of memory. The reduction in emotionality occurs later. In turn, Engelhard et al. (2010, 2011) have shown that eye movements are also beneficial in relation to negative images of future events, indicating a therapeutic effect of EMDR on psychopathology in which these images are presentes.Assim, in line with the statement Shapiro (2001) studies show the importance of correlating clinical practice with scientific research on components of EMDR (see Engelhard 2012). Besides promote understanding, implementation and review of protocols, the correlation has important clinical implications.
In EMDR treatment, patients call to mind traumatic memories while following a counselor's finger with their eyes, said Peggy Moore, an Albuquerque social worker and one of the trainers in the state program.
Exactly how that process helps a patient isn't fully understood.
What a weird thing – that was my first thought, as I read a short notice about EMDR for the first time. A work in a psychiatric/psychotherapeutic day treatment programme, the number of multiple-traumatised patients increased rapidly. One patient decided to climb the roof and jumped, nearly to her death, driven by the memories of long-ago cruelties her father had done to her. With this in mind, I was conscious of urgently needing a method to treat these patients and finding something to manage the challenges of intrusive pictures and memories.
In a trauma survivor, physiological responses are exacerbated when the affect-laden memories stored in associative networks are triggered by environmental sensory inputs or cues and activate the autonomic nervous system. Recovery from trauma involves not only amelioration of physiological and dissociative symptoms, but also the cognitive rebuilding of a viable assumptive world view which integrates the realms of vulnerability, meaning and self-esteem. This world view is contextualized in cultural idioms and values.
From an Ericksonian perspective, persons are usually attempting to problem-solve, even in a dissociative date. A symptom such as an intrusive recollection or recurrent dream of a traumatic event is therefore construed as a request for help in problem-solving. Hypnosis is a structured dissociation which facilitates cognitive flexibility; that is, the broadening of choices of the client' s belief system, rather than direct work on changing affect or behaviors. The goal of Ericksonian hypnosis is to recontextualize the traumatic memory, the affect of fear, and the physiological hyperarousal cued by the traumatic memory. This occurs within a broader context of pride, mastery and courage, and within a context inclusive of other memories and affects, which are positive for the client.
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), similarly has as its goal the facilitation of a transfer of traumatic data from the cortical right hemisphere to the left hemisphere. EMDR also utilizes the attainment of a state of heightened awareness, or collaborative structured dissociation, in order to facilitate the orientation of the traumatized client's conscious mind toward "revisiting" traumatic memories.
Both interventions can facilitate the self-narrative reconstruction process of trauma survivors by simultaneously modulating the person's hyperarousal while attending to the culturally significant metaphors which form the building blocks of a person' s world of meanings.
[AAETS]
Progress in neuroscience and recent clinical studies are shedding light on how mind and body affect each other. The central mechanism of healing is homeostatisis: the body's ability to return to balance when provided with basic biological needs. This talk will review mind-body interactions in relation to emotional healing and how they translate into specific treatment interventions.
EMDR stimulates the body to heal the mind. Progress in neuroscience and
recent clinical studies are shedding light on how mind and body affect
each other. The central mechanism of healing is homeostasis: the body's
ability to return to balance when provided with basic biological needs. This
talk will review mind-body interactions in relation to emotional healing and
how they translate into treatment interventions.
Background: Only few studies have reported functional or structural modifications in Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) patients following pharmacological treatment or psychotherapy. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is a novel eclectic psychotherapy utilising, among other techniques, relaxation and safe place exercises, cognitive restructuring, future projections, and imaginal exposure of the trauma combined with sensory stimulation. The aim of the study was to analyse the differences in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) distribution and in brain volumetry before and after EMDR therapy.
Subjects and Methods: Fifteen subjects with chronic PTSD following occupational health hazards were treated with five sessions of EMDR. They were assessed with psychometric scales and diagnostic interviews before and directly after treatment. SPECT, during administration of an individualised trauma script, was performed using 99mTc-HMPAO. After EMDR, the subjects were subdivided into responders (R, n=10) and non-responders (NS, n=5), based on the absence or presence, respectively, of full PTSD diagnosis. SPECT and volumetric data (MRI) analyses were carried out by Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM2). SPECT and MRI data were covaried by age and by time elapsed from trauma to SPECT. SPECT data were further covaried by the amount of grey matter normalised by the total intracranial volume.
Results: Immediate significant post-treatment changes towards normality in all scales measuring psychological status were found in responders. As compared to NR, R showed a significantly decreased tracer uptake in parieto-occipital (Brodmann Area, BA, 37, fusiform gyrus) and in primary visual cortex (BA17) and in the hippocampus (p<0.001). The opposite comparison highlighted an increased tracer uptake in left frontal cortex (BA 44; p<0.05). Structural grey matter modifications were found in visual, posterior cingulate and parieto-temporal cortex, paralleling the functional changes.
Conclusion: The positive EMDR outcome corresponded to increased 99mTc-HMPAO uptake in the left dorsolateral frontal cortex, processing attention and self confidence and exerting an inhibitory effect on the amygdala whose firing is supposed to be responsible for PTSD. After successful treatment significant decreases were found in primary visual cortex, processing images of traumatic memories and flashbacks; in fusiform gyrus, processing the memories of faces, bodies and words and in the hippocampi, involved in episodic and autobiographical memories. Volumetric changes paralleled the ones in tracer uptake in all regions Taken as a whole these findings suggest that the positive clinical outcome following EMDR therapy causes functional and structural neurobiological changes towards normality.
This lecture will review our knowledge about how trauma changes the way mind and brain process
information and discuss what this means for treatment. We will show how trauma shuts down the
verbal part of the brain, stores undigested fragments of the past and affects somatic experience. Unable
to focus on the present, traumatized people keep replaying the past over and over again until they can
process and integrate the traumatic experience(s), thereby regaining the capacity to be fully engaged
in the present.
Anticipating that millions of Americans have been traumatized by the recent terrorist attacks on the United States, a new website, EMDRnews.com has been launched providing information on the therapy commonly referred to as EMDR, (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) for the public at large. Furnishing insight, information and education, the website will make a free 3-page monthly newsletter available, written in easy-to-understand laymen's terms. EMDR is particularly useful in treating trauma, anxiety, phobias, grief, and personality issues. The website/publication is a joint offering of ATC, Inc., an online publisher, Robert Buck, M.S.W., A.C.S.W. of Hastings-on-Hudson and NY City, and Victoria Britt of Bender/Britt Seminars, Montclair, NJ. Ms. Britt, in the forefront of the EMDR movement, stated "Never before have so many people been exposed to such trauma. EMDR will be available to facilitate the mind/body self-healing process needed in the months to come; we are inviting the public to learn how we can help," she concluded.
Tibetan Buddhist Dzogchen, Hindu Advaita, Taoism, Kabbalism, and mystical Christianity all suggest that the fulfillment of human potential and the liberation from suffering happen when attention rests peacefully in its source, prior to thought. These traditional spiritual disciplines inform a nondual approach to psychotherapy that views form as a natural and temporary expression of a unified, omnipresent, nonlocatable, and pregnant emptiness. In time all forms--everything and everyone--dissolve back into this emptiness which is present now. Once clients begin to appreciate that they are actually not their distracting thoughts, emotions, or bodily sensations, but rather a dispassionate, observing Presence, a process of disidentification begins and peace of mind unfolds naturally. Clients learn that they have within a natural predisposition toward health and wholeness. Freedom from psychological suffering is often immediately available when clients know how to look or how to just be. Clients learn that simply being fully present now in a timeless moment of silence can reveal what is already and always free. This philosophy informs the EMDR therapeutic approach. This chapter explains the EMDR model, illustrating its use with a case study. EMDR is an integrative psychotherapeutic appproach first discovered and developed by Dr. Francine Shapiro (2001) in 1987, which is guided by an information processing model that has numerous protocols and procedures including the administration of bilateral stimulation to the client. The procedure was originally used to treat trauma, but it has now developed into a comprehensive approach used widely to ameliorate a variety of psychological symptoms and disorders including anxiety and depression, phobia, addiction and substance abuse, among others. In fact, EMDR is now used to target experiential contributors of all clinical complaints. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)
The treatment I use is EMDR, a technique developed by California psychologist Francine Shapiro that has shown to be successful treating post-traumatic stress. The technique is designed to process traumatic memory by mimicking the way people generally process thoughts into memory, during the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) phase of sleep. You can put patients into rapid-eye movement in several ways, including having them move their eyes back and forth as if following the ball in a tennis match, or tapping their hands. They concentrate on the troubling images in
their mind or repeat `I feel horror,' for example, and the brain can then begin to process it. I work with children with nightmares or fears and they usually go away fast. Even if you don't understand it, EMDR can still work.
Introduction: Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is a relevant technique to improve post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Objectives: To compare the electrophysiological profile of patients suffering post traumatic stress disorder before and after EMDR treatment. Aims: The authors are in search of a specific event-related brain potentials profile for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Methods: Eight patients suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following a severe traumatic event, were assessed with event-related brain potentials (ERPs) in a modified oddball paradigm containing auditory standard, target, and novel tones. ERPs were assessed before and after a treatment session using the eye movement desensitization and reprocessing method. Results: Psychometric assessment revealed a marked improvement of the PTSD symptoms after treatment. Compared to a control group that underwent sham treatment, ERPs of the patients showed morphological changes in the post-treatment recording, suggesting a reduced orienting to novel stimuli and reduced arousal level after the treatment. Conclusions: EMDR therapy provides clinical improvement and event-related potentials changes that could be used in clinical practice as an interesting marker to assess diagnosis and successful treatment of PTSD.
Objectives: In our mind as well as in our body and nature nothing is happened accidentally, we can often see that there is mutual connection between them. There is a case presentation of young man age 29 with obsessive thoughts for getting fatal disease if step on junky needles which he had seen in his neighbor. It thoughts influence his all life he is avoiding to go out of his apartment, poorly sleep, he insisted to be admitted to in patient treatment because he „would probably kill himself if he had to stay there jet…” His first difficulties appeared when he was 20, after his first sexual experience which he has had with prostitute, after his friend’s birthday party. Then he obsessively started to think about getting AIDS, getting died… Four years ago he really have got malignant testicular tumor and in his 24he had passed through exhausting surgery and chemotherapy. As a child he was growing up during the war time, experienced snake bite, often tonsil infections.Now he has no job, live with parents and one year older brother, no girlfriend or other relationship. Treated with antidepressant venlafaxin, and atypical narcoleptic risperidon, with additionally used EMDR, he showed good recovery and getting into every day activities.
Background: Several studies have reported limbic structures volume decrease in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). However, in PTSD the effect of therapy on brain structures has seldom been investigated. The aim of the study was to evaluate the grey matter (GM) loss in occupational related PTSD and to assess the volumetric differences between patients responding (R) and non-responding (NR) to psychotherapy.
Methods: Pre-EMDR MRI data of 21 train drives who did develop PTSD (S) and 22 who did not develop PTSD (NS) after person-under-the-train accidents were compared. Within S further comparisons were made between 10 R to Eye Movement Desensitisation Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy and 5 NR. Data were analysed by optimised voxel-based morphometry as implemented in Statistical Parametric Mapping.
Results: As compared to NS, S showed a significant GM volume reduction in precuneus, lingual gyrus, posterior cingulate and parahippocampal cortex. The R>NR comparison highlighted a significant GM reduction in NR in bilateral posterior cingulate, left middle frontal cortex and right parahippocampal, insular and temporal cortices.
Conclusions: Comparing two large groups of subjects significant GM volumetric reductions were found in PTSD in posterior limbic structures. NR showed, as compared to R, volume reduction in cortical structures including posterior cingulate and parahippocampal cortex. These latter two structures seem to be the hallmark for both PTSD diagnosis and therapy outcome prediction.
Patients with personality disorders have many difficulties in their daily functioning; many have histories of traumatic events and insecure attachment. In this workshop we will focus on cluster B personality disorders, and especially on borderlines. We will try to explain the interrelation of the DSM criteria (how they “feed” on each other) and how they are fed on these early events. To understand these aspects is basic for an adequate case-conceptualization in Phase 1. Early relational trauma impacts the developmental trajectory of the future adult and this will have a deep effect on how this adult relates to others. People with personality disorders and complex trauma have many difficulties when it comes to relating to others. One of the aspects that makes personality disorders difficult to manage is the intense emotional reactions that arise in the therapist during EMDR sessions. The management of relational difficulties is a core aspect in the treatment of personality disorders, and the solid basis where EMDR should develop.
The stabilization phase has been remarked as essential prior to trauma work with EMDR. But being true this assumption, two aspects need further development. The first is to establish when a patient is ready for trauma processing since frequently the stabilization phase is unnecessarily prolonged by therapists who don´t feel secure enough working with EMDR in this clinic group. The second is the development of specific interventions from EMDR, and not just the “importation” of foreign techniques, without an adequate theoretical framework. In this workshop we will go deeper into this topic.
Trauma processing in personality disorders implies many specificities that we should have in mind. Knowing these specific aspects, trauma processing with EMDR can be safely implemented in these patients. Borderline patients can get better with different therapies but only EMDR is able to get to symptoms such as “emptiness”. The effect of EMDR therapy is evident in clinic experience, even when specific research is still under development.
Learning objectives:
One interesting aspect of this workshop is the integration of theoretical exposition and the presentation of videos cases, in order to understand how to manage relational problems with this clinical group (a group with important patient-therapist relationship problems) and specific aspects of EMDR therapy in these patients. The general structure of EMDR therapy in personality disorders, interventions for the preparation phase and considerations for trauma EMDR work will be showed and explained.
The integration of EMDR with Ego State Therapy will be presented as a comprehensive approach to treatment of the wide spectrum of personality disorders. These diagnostic categories include individuals manifesting character pathology, borderline personalities, antisocial and sociopathic tendencies as well as addictive behaviors. These clients have often been seen as poor candidates for EMDR or even nonresponders. They are often mandated for treatment or come at the behest of others. Their histories often include early repeated experiences of abuse, deprivation, abandonment, and parental coldness. The hallmarks of personality disorders are rigid, intractable defenses, difficulty relating and empathizing with others, as well as acting out behavior. Historically, the treatment of personality disorders has been described as the symptoms of personality disorders be viewed as aspects of dissociation and will examine the applications of ego state concepts and techniques to all phases of the EMDR protocol in order to facilitate the treatment of these clients. Central to this approach is the conceptualization of self and object rcpresentations, self-objects or schemas as ego-states. Discussion will include how to use a developmental approach to assessment and will review the identification, mapping, and accessing of ego-states as well as how to promote ego-state-specific EMDR targets, facilitating the enhancement of EMDR processing.
The integration of EMDR with Ego State therapy will be presented as a comprehensive approach to the treatment of the wide spectrum of personality disorders. The histories of these clients often include early repeat experiences of abuse, deprivation, abandonment, and parental coldness. Historically, the treatment of personality disorders has been described as difficult, if not impossible; manifested by a rigid character armor, defensive resistance. This presentation will propose that the presence of untreated dissociation accounts for these failures and will highlight the use of ego-mapping, exploration, interweaves and the utilization of ego-state-specific EMDR protocols to facilitate robust processing.
The integration of EMDR with Ego State therapy will be presented as a comprehensive approach to the treatment of the wide spectrum of personality disorders. The histories of these clients often include early repeat experiences of abuse, deprivation, abandonment, and parental coldness. Historically, the treatment of personality disorders has been described as difficult, if not impossible; manifested by a rigid character armor, defensive resistance. This presentation will propose that the presence of untreated dissociation accounts for these failures and will highlight the use of ego-mapping, exploration, interweaves and the utilization of ego-state-specific EMDR protocols to facilitate robust processing.
The integration of EMDR with Ego State therapy will be presented as a comprehensive approach to the treatment of the wide spectrum of personality disorders. The histories of these clients often include early repeat experiences of abuse, deprivation, abandonment, and parental coldness. Historically, the treatment of personality disorders has been described as difficult, if not impossible; manifested by a rigid character armor, defensive resistance. This presentation will propose that the presence of untreated dissociation accounts for these failures and will highlight the use of ego-mapping, exploration, interweaves and the utilization of ego-state-specific EMDR protocols to facilitate robust processing.
The integration of EMDR with Ego State therapy will be presented as a comprehensive approach to the treatment of the wide spectrum of personality disorders. The histories of these clients often include early repeat experiences of abuse, deprivation, abandonment, and parental coldness. Historically, the treatment of personality disorders has been described as difficult, if not impossible; manifested by a rigid character armor, defensive resistance. This presentation will propose that the presence of untreated dissociation accounts for these failures and will highlight the use of ego-mapping, exploration, interweaves and the utilization of ego-state-specific EMDR protocols to facilitate robust processing.
The integration of EMDR with Ego State therapy will be presented as a comprehensive approach to the treatment of the wide spectrum of
personality disorders. The histories of these clients often include early repeat experiences of abuse, deprivation, abandonment, and parental
coldness. Historically, the treatment of personality disorders has been described as difficult, if not impossible; manifested by a rigid character armor, defensive resistance. This presentation will propose that the presence of untreated dissociation accounts for these failures and will highlight the use of ego-mapping, exploration, interweaves and the
utilization of ego-state-specific EMDR protocols to facilitate robust processing.
The integration of EMDR with Ego State therapy will be presented as a comprehensive approach to the treatment of the wide spectrum of personality disorders. The histories of these clients often include early repeated experiences of abuse deprivation, abandonment and personal coldness. Historically, the treatment of personality disorders has been described as difficult, if not impossible; manifested by a rigid, character-armor, defensive resistance. This presentation will propose that the presence of untreated dissociation accounts for these failures and will highlight the use of ego-state mapping, exploration, interweaves and the utilization of ego-state-specific EMDR targeting to facilitate robust processing.
A patient moving his eyes back and forth following the therapist's fingers as they move across his field of vision for 20-30 seconds. EMDR (Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) might sound as a scam, but in fact it is becoming a highly recognized and widespread treatment method. It is an innovative clinical treatment. It has successfully helped over one million people who have experienced psychological difficulties which originate from some kind of traumatic experience, such as sexual abuse, childhood neglect, road traffic accidents and violence.
I limiti mentali autoimposti acquisiti da copioni familiari reiterati in etŕ evolutiva e da modelli operativi interiori acquisiti dalle autoritŕ societarie attraverso mezzi di comunicazione di massa e regole educativo-lavorative, inducono percentuali sempre piů rilevanti della popolazione europea alla vulnerabilitŕ psicopatologica. L’esordio delle sintomatologie psichiche e somatiche di varia entitŕ, avviene giŕ in fasi precoci, nella primissima infanzia e spesso giŕ nelle fasi prenatali, e il limite di etŕ tende percentualmente a essere sempre piů sensibile fin dal primo mese di vita. In etŕ scolare si manifestano situazioni comportamentali quali il cosiddetto “bullismo” e fenomeni con campionature rilevanti di sindromi ipercinetiche con deficit attentivo e disturbi del-l’apprendimento. In adolescenza il contesto si complica e gli attacchi di panico, le sindromi depressive e i disturbi alimentari psicogeni dilagano, fino all’esordio di disturbi post-traumatici da stress che si incrementano in seguito alle difficili scelte di orientamento universitario o lavorativo. La vulnerabilitŕ dell’etŕ adulta si manifesta con disturbi somatoformi di diversa natura, disturbi psicocardiologici, sindromi ansioso-depressive, attacchi di panico, disturbi di coppia e relazionali, per citare i piů frequenti e limitandomi solo ad accennare l’esistenza della molteplicitŕ di disturbi iatrogeni. In tali soggetti, la consapevolezza di essere indotti in stati di shock che incrementano molteplici disturbi somatoformi e psicopatologici č praticamente assente. Essi, come pazienti, si rivolgono agli specialisti in ambito sanitario con la convinzione, spesso indotta da propagande dei mass-media, che tutto sia solo genetico, e vada "curato" con farmaci per lunghi periodi se non per tutta la vita. Anche da parte degli operatori sanitari vi sono ampie aree di inadeguatezza metodologica: ad esempio, la gravidanza viene gestita come fosse una malattia, riducendo la donna partoriente a una paziente alla quale troppo facilmente si “consiglia” il parto cesareo (statisticamente tra i piů frequenti in Italia!) come metodo “veloce e sicuro” di parto, togliendo la competenza materna dell’imprinting alla nascita del bambino con le conseguenze psicologiche che ne derivano per la relazione madre-bambino e per la crescita serena di quest’ultimo, e, sempre a titolo esemplificativo, ignorano quasi del tutto gli aspetti di psicocardiologia, e il loro intervento si riduce a esami medici invasivi e a somministrazione di farmaci. Eppure, la psicoterapia cognitiva costruttivista, e specificamente modelli teorici e tecniche strategiche specialistiche note come EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing), l’utilizzo di biofeedback, l’innovativo training emotivo-cognitivo-comportamentale da me ideato nelle due versioni per la psicoterapia e per i gruppi in formazione che incrementa il riconoscimento emotivo e l’implementazione di immagini mentali idonee a modificare cognizioni e comportamenti irrazionali, quando eticamente e competentemente applicati, fanno molto per questi pazienti, sia in quanto si incrementa sensibilmente il livello della loro consapevolezza e della loro capacitŕ di farsi protagonisti nel-l'evoluzione positiva della loro “guarigione”, sia in quanto si puň intervenire in modo mirato con sperimentati protocolli per la risoluzione dello stato di trauma psichico in tempi ragionevolmente rapidi e con risultati attendibili e verificabili. Passando dalla dimensione individuale a quella collettiva, ossia alla psicopatologia collettiva cagionata dall’esposizione (anche solo mediatica) ad eventi catastrofici o angoscianti (magari associati a senso di impotenza, insicurezza, precarietŕ) o a diversi tipi di stress e vulnerabilitŕ, possiamo aggiungere che, analogamente, mediante un lavoro su sistemi di neuroni specchio e sull'attivazione di nuove connessioni di reti neurali con un modello operativo non invasivo, si potrebbe migliorare la condizione di intere popolazioni rispetto a disturbi che, oggettivamente, sono in continua diffusione.
Sarebbe opportuno iniziare una sensibilizzazione collettiva partendo dalla formazione per livelli differenziati degli operatori educativi e sanitari, per poi estenderla alla popolazione suddividendola
per fasce di etŕ e per territori di appartenenza; purtroppo la consapevolezza non č tra le aspettative primarie di committenti rivolti solo al profitto economico.
In un contesto storico-culturale dove l’etica, le relazioni umane, la cooperazione sembrano utopiche fiabe, questa č la sfida di essere una perturbatrice emotivamente orientata ad amplificare la consapevolezza attraverso un nuovo modello psicoterapeutico e formativo integrato, al quale sto lavorando da alcuni anni con risultati incoraggianti e che sarŕ mia premura esporre dettagliatamente durante il Congresso EMDR 2008.
The self-imposed mental limitations acquired from family scripts repeated age and developmental models inner acquired by the company operating through means of mass communication and
educational and working rules, induce percentage increasing as the population of Europe vulnerability to psychopathology. The onset of symptoms of various psychological and somatic
entity, is already in the early stages, in early childhood and often known during prenatal and age limit percentage tends to be more sensitive since the first month of life. Age
school behavioral situations occur where the so-called "bullying" and phenomena samples relevant syndromes of attention-deficit and hyperactive disorder - learning. In adolescence the context is complicated and panic attacks, the syndromes psychogenic depression and eating disorders are rampant, until onset of post-traumatic disorders stress which increases as a result of difficult choices of university or business orientation. The vulnerability of adulthood is manifested by different types of somatoform disorders, disorders psycho, anxious-depressive syndrome, panic attacks, disorders of torque and relational to cite the most frequent is limited only to mention the existence of multiplicity of disorders iatrogenic. In these subjects, conscious of being led into a state of shock that increase multiple somatoform disorders and psychopathology is virtually absent. They, like patients, addressed to specialists in the health field with the belief, often driven by propaganda media, that everything is just genetic, and must be "cured" with drugs for long periods if not for life. Including by health workers there are large areas of inadequacy
methodological: for example, pregnancy is managed as if it were a disease, reducing the woman in labor to a patient which too easily "advise" Caesarean (statistically the most frequent in Italy!) as a method of "fast and safe childbirth, removing the competence of imprinting the birth mother of the child with the psychological consequences that entailed for the mother-child and to the peaceful growth of the latter, and, also example, know little about the aspects of psycho, and their intervention reduces to invasive medical examinations and medication. Yet, cognitive psychotherapy
constructivist theoretical models and specific strategic and technical specialists known as EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing), the use of biofeedback, the innovative
emotional-cognitive-behavioral training which I designed in two versions for psychotherapy and groups in training that increases the emotional recognition and implementation of
mental images likely to change, knowledge and irrational behavior, when ethically and competently applied, do a lot for these patients, both because it increases
significantly the level of their awareness and their ability to get players in - the positive development of their "healing", both as it can intervene in a targeted manner with
tested protocols for the resolution of the state of psychic trauma in the reasonably rapid and reliable and verifiable results. Moving from individual dimension to that
collective, that is caused by exposure to psychopathology group (even the media) to distressing or catastrophic event (perhaps associated with the sense of powerlessness, insecurity, instability) or
different types of stress and vulnerability, we can add that, similarly, through a work on systems of mirror neurons and activation of new connections of neural networks with a model
operating non-invasive, it could improve the condition of entire populations than disorders that, objectively, are in constant circulation. It would be appropriate to start a collective awareness levels, starting from training differential operators' education and health, then extend it to the population divides
by age and territories belonging unfortunately the awareness is not between the expectations primary principals addressed only in profit or loss. In a historical-cultural context where ethics, human relations, cooperation seem utopian fairy tales, this is the challenge of being an emotionally disturbing oriented to amplify the awareness through a new model of psychotherapy and integrated training, which I working for several years with encouraging results and that will spell out my readiness EMDR 2008 during the Congress.
Psychoanalysis and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) are, in manifest technique, utterly different. Nevertheless, both may draw upon universal and natural processes of healing the mind. EMDR appears to facilitate the processing of emotional experience and review of defensive strategies. It may do so by inducing favourable changes at a neurobiological level, involving interhemispheric communication. Comparisons may be made with Bion's analogy of the mind as a digestive organ. Although initially framed within a cognitive-behavioural paradigm, EMDR is now used by clinicians of a wide range of backgrounds, including psychoanalytic. The clinical phenomena revealed by EMDR may have some implications for certain models of the mind within contemporary psychoanalysis, particularly concerning the past unconscious and the present unconscious. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)
Psychoanalysis and EMDR are, in manifest technique, utterly different.
Nevertheless, both may draw upon universal and natural processes of healing the mind.
EMDR appears to facilitate the processing of emotional experience and review of defensive
strategies. It may do so by inducing favourable changes at a neurobiological level, involving
interhemispheric communication. Comparisons may be made with Bion's analogy of the
mind as a digestive organ. Although initially framed within a cognitive behavioural
paradigm, EMDR is now used by clinicians of a wide range of backgrounds, including
psychoanalytic. The clinical phenomena revealed by EMDR may have some implications for
certain models of the mind within contemporary psychoanalysis, particularly concerning the
past unconscious and the present unconscious.
During this workshop, participants will be introduced to different models explaining how the mind can express
some issues through the body, and how the Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) model can be used as a
common ground to understand psychosomatic disorders. Using this rational, EMDR clinicians will learn how
to structure an intervention using the 8 steps of the basic protocol to address the seven common causes of
psychosomatic disorders. Clinical cases of angina, epilepsy, heartburn, irritable bowel and some skin conditions
will be presented as illustration.
Learning objectives:
• Describe 4 main models to understand the body-mind connection in psychotherapy
• Utilize the Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) model as a meta-model to compare specific models on the
body-mind connection
• Use the EMDR basic protocol to organize structured interventions to address the different layers regarding
psychosomatic conditions
This plenary will offer an overview of one perspective for understanding the human mind, the impact of trauma on development, and the role of psychotherapy in the resolution of traumatic impairments to mental health. By examining the fundamental interrelationships among mind, brain, and the interpersonal experience, this view provides a scientifically based foundation for understanding how various forms of traumatic and disorganizing interactions can produce incoherencies in how the mind achieves an integrated form of functioning fundamental to mental health. Effective psychotherapy of unresolved trauma can be seen to involve the facilitation of blockages to the crucial process of neural integration.
So why does the dodo bird win again? Benish suspects that attempts to identify unique aspects of any
particular therapy create an artificial taxonomy that obscures some common factors that all effective treatments
share. It calls to mind Harvard psychologist Richard McNally's famous assessment of EMDR that what's
effective about EMDR isn't new and what's new about it isn't effective. [Excerpt]
(1)Background:
Several studies have reported limbic structures volume decrease in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). However, in PTSD the effect of therapy on brain structures has seldom been investigated. The aim of the study was to evaluate the grey matter (GM) loss in occupational related PTSD and to assess the volumetric differences between patients responding (R) and non-responding (NR) to psychotherapy.
(2)Methods:
Pre-EMDR MRI data of 21 train drives who did develop PTSD (S) and 22 who did not develop PTSD (NS) after person-under-the-train accidents were compared. Within S further comparisons were made between 10 R to Eye Movement Desensitisation Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy and 5 NR. Data were analysed by optimised voxel-based morphometry as implemented in Statistical Parametric Mapping.
(3)Results:
As compared to NS, S showed a significant GM volume reduction in precuneus, lingual gyrus, posterior cingulate and parahippocampal cortex. The R>NR comparison highlighted a significant GM reduction in NR in bilateral posterior cingulate, left middle frontal cortex and right parahippocampal, insular and temporal cortices.
(4)Conclusions:
Comparing two large groups of subjects significant GM volumetric reductions were found in PTSD in posterior limbic structures. NR showed, as compared to R, volume reduction in cortical structures including posterior cingulate and parahippocampal cortex. These latter two structures seem to be the hallmark for both PTSD diagnosis and therapy outcome prediction.
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing therapy (EMDR) is a psychotherapy that uses
rapid eye movements to alleviate traumatic memories. This experiment examined two working
memory hypotheses proposed to explain how performing rapid eye movements can affect the
vividness, emotionality and completeness of traumatic memories. Participants (N=25) recalled
three traumatic memories and rated them on vividness, emotionality and completeness before
and after performing rapid eye movements. Participants also completed six working memory
tasks to see if a correlation existed between working memory and the effect of rapid eye
movements on memory rating variables. Findings illustrate that there was a significant decrease
pre-test to post-test in vividness. Additionally, the factor underlying the reading span operation
task and the Sternberg item order task significantly correlated with the effect of rapid eye
movements for all memory ratings. The results of the current study support the central executive
hypothesis explanation more than the visuospatial sketchpad storage hypothesis for EMDR.
3
Rapid Eye Movement Effects on Traumatic Memories: A Test of the Working Memory
Hypothesis
In 1987, Francis Shapiro discovered that performing horizontal eye saccades while
holding a traumatic event in mind helped her alleviate the negative symptoms she experienced
from that memory. She developed this intuition into a psychotherapy that is called Eye
Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). This therapy is now a widely-used
technique to treat victims of trauma, people suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder
(PTSD), and people suffering from phobias and other anxiety disorders (Muris & Meckleberger,
1999). Shapiro (2001) describes EMDR as an eight-phase treatment method that includes history
taking, client preparation, assessment, desensitization, installation, body scan, closure and reevaluation.
An important, and distinguishing, component of the EMDR procedure involves the
patient performing rapid bilateral eye movements while thinking about their traumatic memory
and communicating any negative cognition associated with that memory. The horizontal saccadic
eye movements generally involve watching the therapist’s quickly moving finger for 15-20
seconds/set (Shapiro, 2001). Eye saccade sets continue until the patient begins to report that
negative aspects of the memory are being alleviated, and that positive self-cognitions have
replaced the negative self-cognitions associated with the memory (Shapiro, 2001).
The purpose of this chapter is to review reports of the Sadistic Ritual Abuse (SRA) phenomenon, to discuss credibility of the accounts, and to describe current issues in its treatment, including preparation for treatment, general treatment issues, management of cultic or satanic alters, pharmacological treatment, and controversy over historical accuracy. Controversial trends in the etiology and treatment of SRA cases are also discussed. It should be kept in mind that the controversy surrounding SRA continues to heighten. Actual clinical interpretations may be considerably different if scientific data should support patients' accounts or, from an opposing viewpoint, if a socially contagious, media-influenced syndrome is shown to run its course among dissociative, suggestible individuals. [Text, p. 68]
Without a thorough understanding of the physical, emotional, and spiritual impact of sexual assault and sexual
abuse, therapists may reach an impasse with their clients. With this in mind, supplemental to EMDR training, and
clinical experience, therapists must be knowledgable of the emotional, physical, developmental, and spiritual
impact of sexual assault and sexual abuse. This presentation offers a holistic approach to the treatment of sexual
assault and sexual abuse. Attendees will learn specific techniques for identifying, understanding, and treating it,
as well as a greater understanding of the emotional, physical, developmental, and spiritual impact of such
traumas. The information provided will enable therapists to conduct developmentally appropriate and clinically
sound EMDR treatment. Furthermore, to help EMDR therapists facilitate their clients’ integration of traumatic
events, information will be given on combining EMDR with a cross cultural shamanic approach to ego splitting or
“soul loss.” Information and techniques will be provided on how to further facilitate processing during EMDR, in
order to retrieve the parts of the self, the soul, that were “lost” or “split” during the trauma. Without recovering
these parts, clients can be left open and unable to integrate their traumatic experiences. They can continue to
experience a sense of not being “whole.” With this in mind, attendees will also learn how to further assist clients’
processing of the behavioural, emotional, physical, and cognitive aspects of traumatic events, thus facilitating
clients processing via EMDR. Attendees will learn through a combination of case presentations, activities, and
case presentations.
The news analysis
article on disaster
planning from a
psychological viewpoint in
the December issue (‘Healing
the wounds of the mind’)
described EMDR as ‘eye
movement desensitisation and
reprogramming’. The correct
name is of course ‘eye
movement desensitisation
and reprocessing’ –
reprogramming has no place
in this procedure.
Resource Tapping is a powerful and effective EMDR-related technique that uses imagery and bilateral stimulation to harness the power of inner resources. It is an effective, easy-to-use technique for ego strengthening, affect regulation and stress reduction in the treatment of trauma. This technique can be used to help rebalance the nervous system, activate the parasympathetic restoration cycle, and teach self-regulation. Participants will learn to interweave this mind-body technique throughout the course of treatment to help with anxiety, sleep problems, triggers, depression, and strong emotions such as fear, anger, and sadness. .
L’autore segue le tracce a partire dalla filosofia “associazionistica” fino la scuola “dissociazionistica” a partire da Janet, Binet, Charcot. Viene messa a fuoco la teoria della mente freudiana, intesa come prima teoria, teoria del trauma, vista nell’ottica della “corrente” dissociazonistica come anche successivo allontanamento con la seconda topica. Si prosegue con
altri autori della corrente psicoanalitica, come Sandor Ferenczi, il qui il pensiero venne riscoperto recentemente (Bonomi e Borgogno). L’attualitŕ del lavoro di Ferenczi, č riconoscibile nel suo sottolineare l’importanza del trauma per lo sviluppo della psicopatologia e l’importanza della relazione terapeutica con la rivalutazione critica della tecnica psicoanalitica seguita dai suoi originali contributi. La modalitŕ “tecnica” risolutiva di Ferenczi nella forma della “neo-catarsi”, come viene nominata, si avvicina alle terapie attualmente accreditate per il trattamento dei vissuti traumatici, una delle quali č appunto l’EMDR. Anche K.G. Jung riconosce l’importanza di riportare la questione, per tanti anni nell’ombra, dell’attenzione scientifica - la validitŕ di teoria traumatica delle nevrosi. Molti concetti di Psicologia Analitica di Jung si avvicinano ai concetti di psicotraumatologia moderna “dell’ambiente traumatico”, del “trauma cumulativo” nascosto dentro la memoria implicita (van der Kolk, van der Hart) e lo porta a fare riflessioni sulla revisione del metodo terapeutico dell’abreazione. L’immaginazione attiva, la tecnica terapeutica creata da Jung, in alcuni passi procedurali sembra vicina alla modalitŕ del lavoro terapeutico svolto con l’EMDR. Viene rivisitato l’effervescente pensiero di Donald Kalsched, uno degli attuali autori junghiani di maggiore spessore e originalitŕ, il quale amplifica le posizioni storiche di Jung sul trauma, insieme ad altre correnti del pensiero e della ricerca, soprattutto quelli delle “relazioni oggettuali” e della “psicologia del sé”.
The author follows the trail from the philosophy of "associational" until the school of
"Dissociation" from Janet, Binet, Charcot. Focus is the theory of mind Freud, understood as the first theory, trauma theory, viewed from the standpoint of the "current" dissociation as well as subsequent removal with the second topic. Continue with other authors of the current psychoanalytic as Sandor Ferenczi, the thinking here was rediscovered recently (Bonomi and Burgundy). The actuality of the work of Ferenczi, is recognizable in its emphasis of the importance of trauma for the development of psychopathology and the importance of therapeutic relationship with the critical re-evaluation of psychoanalytic technique followed by its original contributions. Mode "technical" termination of Ferenczi in the form of "neo-catharsis" as it is named, was approached therapies currently approved for the treatment of experienced traumatic, one of which is precisely EMDR. KG Jung also recognizes the importance of bringing the question for many years in the shadows, scientific attention - the validity of the theory traumatic neuroses. Many concepts of Analytical Psychology of Jung's approach to the concepts of psychotraumatology modern "environmental traumatic", the "cumulative trauma" hidden inside implicit memory (van der Kolk, van der Hart) and takes him to make reflections on the revision of therapeutic method dell'abreazione. Active imagination, therapeutic technique created by Jung, some steps of the procedure seems close to the mode of therapeutic work done with EMDR. Is revisited the effervescent Kalsched thought of Donald, one of the Jungian authors of the current greater depth and originality, which amplifies the historical positions of Jung on trauma, together to other currents of thought and research, especially those of "object relations" and "Psychology of self."
Conflict and tsunami events have left behind many traumatic experiences in people of Aceh. Many people in Aceh have lost
their families, children after the tsunami are still experiencing separation anxiety, and many children have lost motivation to
study, learn or play. Children are forced by circumstances to survive like an adult, whilst they still need protection and aegis
of the parent. This leads to consequences like irritability, impulsivity and somatic symptoms.
The treatment conducted by the practitioner especially for the children were the safe-place, resource activation and the
protocol of EMDR.
The safe-place technique is one of the most frequent techniques used for children. The safe-place technique is something like
a gate to get into the children’s experience through the Tsunami or conflict events. Some of the children in orphanages who
were treated by EMDR, specifically using the safe-place technique showed interesting findings. Some clients described the
sea as a safe-place. This becomes an interesting experience because it is well known that the sea was a trigger for traumatic
experiences related to the tsunami. However, it turns out that with children, the sea was also a source of power and made
them feel safe. This would raises some questions in our mind, whether the phenomenon is an ambivalence, or is there
something related to the culture or belief that the children have through their own life? It seems like an ambivalence, since
on one hand the children suffered a disaster directly related to the sea (tsunami) and on the other hand they think that the
sea is an integral part of their lives
This thesis attempts to provide an up-to-date overview of school-based intervention programs for symptoms of traumatic stress. The objectives were: 1) to identify school-based intervention programs for preventing or reducing symptoms of traumatic stress, 2) to examine the effectiveness of the intervention programs, and 3) to identify the accordance of the intervention programs with three current theories of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The three main academic databases used to locate the studies for this thesis were ERIC, PsycINFO, and MEDLINE. Inclusionary/exclusionary criteria included: 1) use of a control group, 2) use of randomized/quasi-experimental design, 3) school setting, 4) participant exposure to a traumatic event, 5) targeted at the prevention/ reduction of symptoms of traumatic stress, 6) use of standardized instruments, and 7) not targeted Type II trauma. Using these criteria, 19 studies conducted in 11 different countries were selected. Unfortunately, school-based studies conducted in Norway were not located. The selected studies dealt with various types of trauma exposure such as natural disasters, community violence, and war. Fourteen of the studies used cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) methods as the main treatment approach. Other treatment approaches used included Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), mind-body techniques (e.g., guided imagery, relaxation techniques, and meditation), play therapy, art therapy, and drama. The findings of this thesis suggest that intervention provided within the school setting can be effective in helping children and adolescents following a variety of traumatic events. The majority of the studies had good results in relation to reducing symptoms of PTSD. Of the 19 studies, 14 had effect sizes in the medium to large range. Most of the intervention programs were found to be in accordance with the treatment recommendations of the three theories presented; however, none appeared to be explicitly based on the theories.
The unique efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in the treatment of posttraumatic
stress disorder is thought to result from changes in the brain/mind state induced by bilateral
sensory stimulation, but the nature and specifi c consequences of these changes remain unknown. The
possibility that bilateral stimulation induces a brain/mind state similar to that of rapid eye movement
sleep is supported by studies showing that sleep facilitates forms of memory processing arguably necessary
for the resolution of trauma. Such studies, along with direct studies of the impact of bilateral stimulation
on memory and emotional processing, and dismantling studies identifying the requisite features of
such bilateral stimulation for effective trauma processing, will eventually lead to an understanding of the
neurobiological basis of EMDR.
This exploratory study examines the treatment effects
of brief (1 to 2 sessions) Somatic Experiencing with 53
adult and child survivors of the 2004 tsunami in
Thailand. Somatic Experiencing’s early-intervention
model, now called Trauma First Aide, was provided
1 month after the tsunami. Survivor assessments were
done pretreatment, immediately posttreatment, 3 to
5 days posttreatment, and at the 1-year follow-up.
Results indicate that immediately following treatment,
67% of participants had partial to complete improvement
in reported symptoms and 95% had complete or
partial improvement in observed symptoms. At the 1-year
follow-up, 90% of participants had complete or partial
improvement in reported symptoms, and 96% had
complete or partial improvement in initially observed
symptoms. Given the small sample size and lack of an
equivalent comparison group, results must be interpreted
with caution. Nonetheless, the results suggest
that integrative mind–body interventions have promise
in disaster treatment.
Allgemeine spirituellle Aspekte der Traumatherapie
Viktor Frankl entwickelte Ideen zu Psychotherapie und psychischer Gesundheit am
schrecklichsten Ort, den die Welt je sah: in einem Konzentrationslager der NS-Zeit. Seine
Schriften lesen sich gleidhwohl alles andere als schrecklich, todesnah oder morbide.
Vielmehr geht es um tiefe existentielle Fragen, die Frankl stellt und fur sich selbst voll
Glauben, ~i tmenschl ichdeiut nd spiritueller Einsicht beantwortet.
1st es ein Zufall, dass gelrade ein ~olocaust -~ber lebenddeer r Begrijnder der Logotherapie
ist, die die "Frage nach dem Sinn" (Frankl, 1985) zum obersten Gebot des "Sinn-voll
heilen" (1984) in der psychologischen Behandlung erhebt?
Ich denke nicht. Die Auseinandersetzung mit dem Trauma - dem eigenen wie dem anderer
- wirft vielmehr ganz voh selbst existentielle und spirituelle Fragen auf. Therapeuten wie
Patienten haben sich diesen zu stellen. Ich denke, von der Gute der Antwort auf die Frage
nach dem Sinn des schicksalhaften Leidens hangt die zukunftige Lebensqualitat eines
Traumatisierten ab.
Unsere therapeutische Aufgabe muss daher sein, gerneinsam mit dem Patienten eben diese
Fragen zu stellen und ihh auf der Suche nach einer befriedigenden Antwort zu begleiten.
Dabei nutzt es nichts, sith groOe Worte, wie sie in der Politik so leicht uber die Lippen
gehen, anzueignen, etwa von "innerem Frieden", von "Schuld und Suhne" bzw. von
"Unschuld" oder gar von "Vergebung" zu sprechen. Es zahlt nur das, was fuhlbar wird, was
als innere Erfahrung auf$teigt, was als "Eingebung", "Erleuchtung", "Gedankenblitz" oder
"innere Weisheit" aus delm Patienten selbst heraus entwickelt wird.
In der modernen Psychotherapieforschung werden diese therapeutischen Momente als
Therapieeinheiten mit bdsonders hoher Kongruenz (Grawe, 2005) beschrieben und damit
als anzustrebende Therapiegestaltung: "Je intensiver solche Erfahrungen der Kongruenz
sind, desto mehr wird sich sein [des Patienten] Inkongruenzniveau verringern mit all den
weit reichenden positiven Folgen, die sich aus den [...KIorrelationen zwischen
Verringerungen der Inko~ngruenzu nd klinischen Verbesserungen ergeben" (Grawe, 2005).
Hellinger (2003), verlangt als Abschluss seiner Familienaufstellungen stets das Erweisen
von Respekt, ja Versohnung und Vergebung - auch Eltern gegenuber, die ihr Kind
misshandelt, ignoriert, rrhissbraucht oder weggegeben haben.
Aus traumatheoretischer Sicht birgt dieses Vorgehen das Risiko einer erneuten
Traumatisierung. Ganz alnders, wenn derselbe Patient ganz von allein, aus seinem eigenen
Prozess heraus, zu einer Haltung der Vergebung finden kann: dann ist es mehr als eine
Genesung, ein wirkliches Ganz und Heil werden, ein groOer Schritt zu einern spirituellen
Bewusstsein.
Wie wir noch sehen werden, wird dieser Schritt durch EMDR haufig gefordert. Er Iasst sich
nicht erzwingen, aber ich durfte mehrfach Zeuge werden, wie er ganz von allein geschieht.
Zunachst aber kehren wir zu der Feststellung zuruck, dass die Auseinandersetzung mit den
spirituellen Seiten des Seins ihren festen Platz in der Traumatherapie hat.
Spiritual general aspects of trauma therapy Viktor Frankl developed ideas on psychotherapy and mental health in the most horrible place that the world has ever seen: in a concentration camp during the Nazi period. His papers read gleidhwohl anything but terrible, todesnah or morbid. The issue is deep existential questions that Frankl makes for himself and full of faith, i ~ nd tmenschl ichdeiut spiritual insight answered. 1st it a coincidence that Paddlewheel a ~ olocaust - ~ over lebenddeer r Begrijnder is of logotherapy, the "question of the meaning" (Frankl, 1985) the supreme command of the "cure sensible" (1984) in the psychological treatment does? I think not. Dealing with the trauma - their own as the others - quite the contrary voh throws himself on existential and spiritual questions. Therapists and patients have to face them. I think the best answer to the question of the meaning of the fatal disease depends the future Lebensqualitat from a traumatized. Our therapeutic task must be, therefore, like to make alone with the patient on this very issue and ihh to accompany the search for a satisfactory answer. It is no use sith Grooe words, as in politics go so easily over the lips, to appropriate to speak of such "inner peace", from "Crime and Suhner" or of "innocence" or even "forgiveness" . It pays only what is palpable, as the inner experience of what teigt $, which as "inspiration", "enlightenment", "mind flash" or "inner wisdom" is developed from delme patients themselves out. In modern psychotherapy research, these therapeutic moments as therapy sessions with bdsonders high congruence (Grawe, 2005) described and so as to be aimed at treatment planning: "The more such experiences of congruence, the greater will reduce his [the patient] Inkongruenzniveau far with all the reaching positive consequences arising from the [... KIorrelationen between reductions in Inko ngruenzu ~ nd clinical improvements result "(Grawe, 2005). Hellinger (2003), required as a conclusion of his family always lists the demonstration of respect, even reconciliation and forgiveness - to about parents who abused their child, ignored, have rrhissbraucht or given away. Trauma from a theoretical perspective this approach carries the risk of re-traumatization. All of ALND if the same patient come about solely from his own trial, may related to an attitude of forgiveness: it is more than a recovery, a true and full salvation to a einern groOer step spiritual awareness. As we shall see, this step by EMDR is often required. He Iasst force is not, but I could go back and witness how it happens all by itself. At first but we return back to the finding that the conflict is with the spiritual side of being a permanent place in trauma therapy.
Alternative to violence has developed a group treatment model structured by the theory of structural dissociation and EMDR trauma treatment theory. Woman with ethnic minority background received short terms group treatment at a shelter for victims of domestic violence at an outpatient clinic and at a domestic violence family treatment center. The groups were supplements to individual therapy/counseling. We have had 10 groups; one with only Pakistani women, several mixed ethnic minority cultural groups with translation and groups in “simple Norwegian.” Recruitment was enhanced by the policy of sharing of symptoms and problems today with no obligation to share about personal past. The model has low drop out rate and therapist working with the individuals report more effective treatment sessions. For some women the group becomes the preferred choice of treatment. We discovered that early phase trauma work can be done in a group format with severely and recently traumatized women. Methods used are resource installation and safe place work, increase awareness of negative/positive cognitions, butterfly hug, nightmare protocol, expressive art therapy techniques as grounding, breathing techniques working with personal borders, working with imagination and playfulness. Structural therapy of dissociation concepts as ANP/EP structures and mental capacity, working from here and now, focusing on the ANP above EP's are woven into how the therapists regulate the group process and plan content. The theory organizes how we handle flashbacks, current acute crisis and how we focus on the womens’ personal trauma. We also teach about the effect of violence in relationships, the need to work on personal safety and the needs of children in the aftermath of violence. Theory from the field of intercultural communication gave us guidelines in working with women from high context, indirect and collectivistic cultures. A workbook for the clients on violence, PTSD symptoms and stabilisation treatment has been developed in the aftermath of these groups and is translated into several languages. We will present the material at the conference in the structure of the early fase trauma treatment group format. Showing in vivo how we apply the theory to severely traumatized women. We will share some of our favorite group exercises, metaphors and group rituals. Our goal is: 1. to show how the theory of structural dissociation serves as guideline for organizing and resulting treatment with severely traumatized clients in groups. 2. Give insight into typical adjustments that have been made to tailor treatment to ethnic minority populations. 3. Explain how expressive art work needs to make adjustments to the population of severely traumatized women. 4. Finally show how the group uses elements from EMDR and enhances individual EMDR work. In our experience, the stabilisation groups have integrated the heart, mind and body in the work of healing with a population that is often found difficult to treat effectively. We hare started to retain other therapists in using the model and are in the process of applying for a research grant.
In EMDR, as in Pyschotrauma Therapy in general, it is important neither to ask too much of the client, which leads to re-traumatization and a breakthrough of necessary dissociative barriers, nor to ask too little of the client, which in turn could increase avoidance.
Specialists should be able to tailor their interventions well, in accordance with the needs of the clients. Resource activation and trauma processing should be in an appropriate balance, keeping in mind that the most important thing is to let the client be in charge and "keep out of the way" of his or her process as much as possible.
The neurological background of balancing work with traumatic memories and resources lies in promoting effective and permanent links between the neuronal trauma network and one or more corresponding resource networks.
A process-oriented model will be shown during the workshop, which does just that, as well as taking the different stages of trauma treatment with EMDR into consideration. An experimental EMDR-Protocol will be explained and practiced, which directly connects resource activation and processing of trauma in accordance with the AIP Model.
It is the presenter's goal to clearly show how the integration of resources can greatly accelerate processing. It is imperative, however, that the use of these resources is not random, but oriented towards the specific needs of the client at that specific point in time while giving attention to how much resource or trauma is activated.
This workshop will be an overview of most of the major components of the Strategic Developmental Model for EMDR. Participants will understand: 1) why strategic mapping facilitates engagement and self-disclosure; 2) the importance of a developmental perspective and hypothesis in prioritizing EMDR targets; 3) why strategic work must be balanced by an attuned therapuetic relationship; and 4) why a strategic developmetnal focus may provide a more effective foundation for parent-child and for couple therapy.
Participants will learn: 1) a rapid comprehensive approach for mapping of client history; 2) the rapid formulation of a developmental hypothesis that facilitates strategic identification and prioritizing of EMDR targets; and 3) strategic/hypnotic/Eriksonian language that bypasses resistance and engages even the most resistant clients in the above identified therapeutic plan.
I have compiled the following list that
should be kept in mind in regards to
client safety factors. It is being included
in this column both as a reminder
and as an incentive for clinicians
to write in with other items they
consider important for screening or
client care.
The approach, developed by psychologist Francine Shapiro, PhD, more than a decade ago, involves asking a client to recall a stressful experience while watching her therapist quickly move a finger, an object, or a light back and forth in front of her face. This allegedly changes the way the mind stores the memory. The therapist also plays music or nature sounds designed to induce an almost trancelike state in which the client can get a clear image of the trauma--the same state in which, according to Grand, a person can access her most profound ability to heal. While other therapeutic approaches can involve years of sloshing through psychological dramas, proponents of EMDR claim that healing can be accomplished in weeks or months rather than years. Grand says it can even be almost instantaneous.
Most clients who enter therapy do not have a simple problem of a single disturbing memory. More typically, clients come to therapy with a mixed presentation, of not only emotional disturbance, but also a history of conscious or unconscious choices about how best to soothe, contain, or avoid that disturbance. When the client has a problem that includes positive and negative affective components, we could say (in the language of Shapiro's Adaptive Information Processing Model) that the chain of experiential associations -- the dysfunctionally stored memory network -- has positively valued experience at the entry point into the network and disturbing material at other, less accessible places. Clients often experience this situation as one of conflicting ego states. Specifically, one ego state may be positively emotionally invested in an outcome that is an obstacle to the person's larger life goals. When this happens and the usual EMDR method of targeting negative affect is stalled, it may be useful to target the positive side of the issue, that is, an image that has a positive emotional valence. Such clients are asked to hold in mind the enjoyable aspects of a problematic wish or identity while engaging in Dual Attention Stimulation (DAS). In this way, they can process these positive aspects, "disinvest" from the problem, and go on to resolve the conflict. Several session transcripts illustrate how this approach can work in practice. [Adapted from Text, pp. 189-190]
Most laboratory studies concerning eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) have focused on investigating how EMDR reduces the vividness and emotionality of memories. There has however been less focus on what occurs to the accessibility of the memory following EMDR. To assess accessibility we utilized three experiments. In each participant’s encoded two pictorial stimuli (images), held one of them in-mind, and simultaneously performed or did not perform EMDR-like working memory taxing (WM-taxing) tasks. Participants then freely-recalled or recognized as many details as they could from both images. In experiments 1a and 1b we found that free-recalled accessibility was reduced for the image that was held in-mind whilst WM-taxing tasks were performed, compared to when no-WM-taxing tasks were performed. In experiment 2, accessibility was measured in reaction time (RT). Decreased accessibility (slower RT) was observed when an image was held in-mind whilst WM-taxing tasks were performed. The decrease in accessibility, along with an observed decrease in vividness, possibly helps to give a more complete picture of EMDR’s effectiveness. Additionally it demonstrates that the effects of EMDR can be observed via non self-report measures.
Dit experiment is gebaseerd op de hypothese dat de omvang van de EMDR-effecten kritisch hangt af van de mate waarin het werkgeheugen (WM) is belast tijdens het ophalen. De deelnemers deden herinneren aan pijnlijke herinneringen tijdens het uitvoeren van een van de twee afleidende taken (terugtellend met stappen van 2 of 7), het ene meer, afhankelijk van WM dan de andere. Hoe meer WM was belast, de grotere verlagingen van de levendigheid en emotionaliteit werden verwacht. De uitkomsten werden vergeleken met een controle conditie. Terugtellend met stappen van 2 of 7, terwijl we een verontrustende autobiografisch geheugen in het achterhoofd, verlaagt de emotionaliteit van het geheugen dat met name in vergelijking met het tellen van helemaal geen. De verlaging van de 7's staat, echter niet significant afwijken van de verlaging van de eenvoudige (dwz 2's) staat. Kortingen voor levendigheid werden niet gevonden. Deze resultaten ondersteunen het werkgeheugen account. Er is echter meer onderzoek nodig om de dosis-respons relatie tussen WM-load en EMDR-effecten en tot een beter begrip van de elementaire onderdelen van EMDR te krijgen verklaren.
This experiment is based upon the hypothesis that the magnitude of the EMDR effects critically depends on the degree to which working memory (WM) is taxed during retrieval. Participants did recall distressing memories while performing one of two distracting tasks (counting backwards with steps of 2 or 7); the one more depending on WM than the other. The more WM was taxed, the larger reductions in vividness and emotionality were expected. The outcomes were compared to a control condition. Counting backwards with steps of 2 or 7, while holding a distressing autobiographical memory in mind, decreases the emotionality of that particular memory compared to no counting at all. The reduction in the 7’s condition, however, did not differ significantly from the reduction in the simple (i.e. 2’s) condition. Reductions for vividness were not found. These results do support the working memory account. However, more research is needed to explain the dose-response relation between WM-load and EMDR-effects and to get a better understanding of the elementary components in EMDR.
Eye movements during exposure to distressing mental images reduce their vividness and emotional intensity, which may be due to both tasks competing for working memory (WM) resources. WM theory predicts an inverted U-shaped relationship between degree of taxing and beneficial effects: greater taxing of WM will more greatly reduce vividness/emotionality, but extremely taxing tasks prevent holding the image in mind, thereby reducing benefits. This study examined whether mental arithmetic (subtraction) tasks during visual imagery reduce image vividness/emotionality ratings, and taxing WM and reduced vividness/emotionality show the predicted quadratic relationship. A non-clinical sample retrieved a distressing image of the Queen's Day tragedy (which occurred 1-3 months earlier in the Netherlands), and rated it for vividness and emotionality. Participants were assigned to one of four conditions: exposure alone or exposure with concurrent 'simple' subtraction, 'intermediate' subtraction, or 'complex' subtraction. Afterwards, vividness and emotionality were rated again. A reaction time task showed that the subtraction tasks increasingly taxed WM. Consistent with WM theory, exposure with subtraction reduced image vividness and emotionality compared to exposure alone. The expected inverse U-curve relationship was found for emotionality, but not for vividness: simple or intermediate subtraction had more beneficial effects than no dual-task or complex subtraction. Clinical implications are discussed.
“It was [about] learning how to get resolution with all those events, to move past them — not forget about them or make them any less impactful in my mind or in my life — but learning how, in a healthy way, I can deal with that loss and pain,” Stowe said. “I have a healthier response to adversity. I have what I consider a very healthy, productive outlook on life, and it’s directly because of EMDR [therapy].” [Excerpt]
Expanding on the overview provided in the plenary, this day-long workshop will offer an in-depth exploration of the interdisciplinary findings that are the foundation for an "interpersonal neurobiology" approach to understanding development, subjective-experience, and psychotherapy. The topics covered will include: mind, brain, and experience, memory, attachment, emotion, mental representation and neural asymmetry, state of mind, self-regulation, interpersonal connections, and neural integration. The weaving of these ideas with discussion of the psychotherapeutic process throughout the workshop will reveal the practical applicaitons of this neurobiological view of the development and trauma.
On pense que l’efficacité particuličre de l’EMDR (désensibilisation et retraitement par les mouvements
oculaires) dans le traitement de l’état de stress post-traumatique résulte de changements dans l’état
cérébral et mental du sujet qui sont induits par la stimulation sensorielle bilatérale, mais la nature spécifique
de ces changements et leurs conséquences demeurent inconnues. La possibilité que la stimulation
bilatérale induise un état psychologique et cérébral semblable ŕ celui qui est induit par les mouvements
oculaires rapides, lors du sommeil paradoxal, est corroborée par des études montrant que le sommeil favorise
certaines formes de traitement du souvenir, sans doute nécessaires ŕ la résolution du traumatisme.
Ces études, parallčlement ŕ des recherches directes sur l’effet de la stimulation bilatérale sur le traitement
des souvenirs et des émotions, et ŕ des études comparatives identifiant les caractéristiques que doit
revętir la stimulation bilatérale pour traiter efficacement les traumatismes, nous conduiront finalement ŕ
comprendre le fondement neurobiologique de l’EMDR.
It is believed that the particular effectiveness of EMDR (desensitization and reprocessing movements
eye) in the treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder resulting from changes in the state
brain and mind of the subject that are induced by bilateral sensory stimulation, but the specific nature
these changes and their consequences are still unknown. The possibility that stimulation
Bilateral induce a psychological state and brain similar to that induced by the motion
rapid eye during REM sleep, is supported by studies showing that sleep promotes
certain forms of treatment of memory, probably needed to resolve the trauma.
These studies, along with direct research on the effect of bilateral stimulation on treatment
memories and emotions, and comparative studies identifying the characteristics that make
take the bilateral stimulation to treat injuries effectively, we will ultimately lead to
understanding the neurobiological basis of EMDR.
This book, addressed to a non-professional readership,"was born out of my desire to share with others the 'miracles' I have been privileged to witness both as a psychologist working with clients in a private practice setting and as an EMDR Institute facilitator helping to train clinicians -- as well as a recipient of EMDR therapy." [Preface] [Pilots]
1) In the Transpersonal approach to psychotherapy, the existence is acknowledged and the presence is invoked of a higher
order of Consciousness, the already healthy and perfect organizing principle that Jung called the Self. After using EMDR
to process and integrate the personal history, it is possible to transcend the personal self and its strong beliefs and attitudes,
and to rest in a state of no-mind or Self, which is beyond or before the experience of duality, and is often recognized as
emptiness, peace, contentment, wisdom and love. It is from this state that the therapist can best use EMDR, fully listening
to the Oneness of himself and the client. This listening is often called intuition. In addition to introducing the
Transpersonal approach in general, Sheila Krystal will present psychotherapy as Satsang and describe the use of EMDR to
facilitate movement from self to Self. She will discuss the state of mind most effective for the therapist to enter while using
EMDR and will lead a meditation to help create this no-mind state.
2) Joan Wager will present the basic premises of body-based psychology within a Transpersonal content and its relationship to
EMDR, illustrating through discussion and case presentation how embodied consciousness, wisdom, compassion, concern
for all sentient beings, is the path of body-based transpersonal psychology. She will show how, as we broaden., our concept
of who we are, and as body, emotions and mind become integrated, we experience transformation of our being with a new
sense of Self in relation to others and the universe.
3) Suzanne Slyman will demonstrate, through theoretical discussion and case presentations, how she combines Gestalt, Self-
Acceptance-Training, Transpersonal approaches to psychotherapy, and EMDR She will emphasize several interesting
commonalties in these approaches to psychotherapy, including the following; each relies on the belief that there is, in every
individual, an inner organizing principle that moves towards wholeness, each assumes that we are self-regulating
organisms, each understands and values the power of being witness to the present moment, and each makes room for the
client to discover a heretofore "unimaginable outcome" to his or her work.
The Enneagram is an ancient psychological typology that describes nine personality types and their interrelationships.
Each type is defined by a chief mental and emotional preoccupation to which attention habitually returns. The types
correlate well with the diagnostic categories of current psychological practice, but can open us to the fact that the repeating
preoccupation of heart and mind that we in the West tend to dismiss as merely neurotic can also be used as potential access
points to higher states of consciousness.
5) During their presentation, Sharon Berbower and Suzanne Pregerson will explore their use of the Enneagram and EMDR
especially examining how EMDR can access the core personality strategies and defense mechanisms of each of the nine
types. With the deconstruction of the habitual responses of the personality, the possibility exists for the emergence of 'True
Self. EMDR may be a key to the profound transformation of personality types.
6) Irv Katz will then make a concluding presentation including tying the earlier presentations together and facilitating a
question and answer period between the audience and the panel members.
Everything
we
have
heard
we
are
and
the
way
we
were
told
to
be
is
tied
to
our
image.
Behind
this
there
is
a
meaning
that
in
people
with
BDD
(Body
Dismorphic
Disorder)
acquires
a
value
that
ends
up
becoming
the
centre
of
their
lives,
around
which
they
revolve.
The
goal
of
this
presentation
is
to
explain
how
you
can
work
the
distortion
of
body
image
from
the
perspective
of
EMDR
in
order
to
work
on
one
of
the
source
problems
in
eating
disorders,
such
as
awareness
of
the
real
body
and
reach
acceptance.
One
of
the
first
definitions
of
body
image
is:
The
image
we
create
in
our
mind
regarding
our
own
body,
it
means,
the
way
we
see
ourselves.
Schilder
(1935).
In
addition
to
the
perception
of
our
body,
including
the
assessment
of
our
size,
there
is
an
emotional
or
attitudinal
image,
an
evaluation,
that
is,
the
way
we
feel
about
it.
This
is
the
aspect
that
we
usually
focus
on
when
we
talk
about
negative
body
image
in
people
with
eating
disorders,
using
body
dissatisfaction
or
rejection.
EMDR
works
by
floating
the
subject
back
in
time,
looking
for
the
earliest
or
most
significant
memories
in
which
the
person
felt
or
saw
him
or
herself
in
the
way
as
he
or
she
does
in
the
present.
When
working
with
distortion
of
body
image
and
EMDR,
we
take
the
picture
representing
the
rejected
self,
since
when
the
person
sees
him/herself,
the
image
seen
is
the
undesired
self
image
from
the
past.
We
help
the
subject
recognize
the
existence
of
the
rejected
self
and
work
towards
integration.
Todo
lo
que
hemos
escuchado
qué
somos,
y
cómo
nos
han
dicho
que
seamos,
está
atado
a
nuestra
imagen.
Detrás
de
esto
existe
un
significado
que
en
gente
con
BDD
(Trastorno
dismórfico
corporal)
adquiere
un
valor
que
termina
convirtiéndose
en
el
centro
de
sus
vidas,
y
alrededor
del
cual
giran.
El
objetivo
de
este
artículo
es
explicar
cómo
se
puede
trabajar
la
distorsión
de
la
imagen
corporal
como
núcleo
y
cómo
podemos
manejar
el
tratamiento
de
trastornos
de
la
alimentación
desde
la
perspectiva
del
EMDR
y
cómo
con
el
fin
de
alcanzar
una
de
las
partes
más
importantes
en
los
trastornos
de
la
alimentación
como
la
atención
al
cuerpo
real
y
la
consecución
de
la
aceptación
del
mismo.
Eye Movement Desensibilisering och upparbetning (EMDR) är idag en evidensbaserad och internationellt accepterade psykoterapeutisk metod för behandling av traumatiska minnen och PTSD. Jämfört med KBT-metoden har visat sig vara lika effektiva. Det är ännu inte tillräcklig förklaring till varför metoden fungerar. Ny forskning syftar till att beskriva betydelsen av ögonrörelser för aktivering minnesfunktioner och effekterna av det centrala nervsystemet. [författare sammanfattning]
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is nowadays an evidence based and internationally accepted psychotherapeutic method for treatment of traumatic memories and PTSD. Compared to CBT method it has shown to be equally effective. It is not yet sufficiently explained why the method works. Recent research aims at mapping the importance of the eye movements for activating memory functions and impact of the central nervous system.[Author abstract]
The integration of EMDR with Ego State Therapy will be presented as a comprehensive approach to treatment of the wide spectrum of personality disorders. These diagnostic categories include individuals manifesting character pathology, borderline personalities, antisocial and sociopathic tendencies as well as addictive behaviors. These clients have often been seen as poor candidates for EMDR or even nonresponders. They are often mandated for treatment or come at the behest of others. Their histories often include early repeated experiences of abuse, deprivation, abandonment, and parental coldness. The hallmarks of personality disorders are rigid, intractable defenses, difficulty relating and empathizing with others, as well as acting out behavior. Historically, the treatment of personality disorders has been described as the symptoms of personality disorders be viewed as aspects of dissociation and will examine the applications of ego state concepts and techniques to all phases of the EMDR protocol in order to facilitate the treatment of these clients. Central to this approach is the conceptualization of self and object rcpresentations, self-objects or schemas as ego-states. Discussion will include how to use a developmental approach to assessment and will review the identification, mapping, and accessing of ego-states as well as how to promote ego-state-specific EMDR targets, facilitating the enhancement of EMDR processing.
The integration of EMDR with Ego State Therapy will be presented as a comprehensive approach to treatment of the wide spectrum of personality disorders. These diagnostic categories include individuals manifesting character pathology, borderline personalities, antisocial and sociopathic tendencies as well as addictive behaviors. These clients have often been seen as poor candidates for EMDR or even nonresponders. They are often mandated for treatment or come at the behest of others. Their histories often include early repeated experiences of abuse, deprivation, abandonment, and parental coldness. The hallmarks of personality disorders are rigid, intractable defenses, difficulty relating and empathizing with others, as well as acting out behavior. Historically, the treatment of personality disorders has been described as the symptoms of personality disorders be viewed as aspects of dissociation and will examine the applications of ego state concepts and techniques to all phases of the EMDR protocol in order to facilitate the treatment of these clients. Central to this approach is the conceptualization of self and object rcpresentations, self-objects or schemas as ego-states. Discussion will include how to use a developmental approach to assessment and will review the identification, mapping, and accessing of ego-states as well as how to promote ego-state-specific EMDR targets, facilitating the enhancement of EMDR processing.
The integration of EMDR with Ego State Therapy
will be presented as a comprehensive approach
to treatment of the wide spectrum of personality
disorders. These diagnostic categories include
individuals manifesting character pathology,
borderline personalities, antisocial and
sociopathic tendencies as well as addictive
behaviors. These clients have often been seen as
poor candidates for EMDR or even nonresponders.
They are often mandated for
treatment or come at the behest of others. Their
histories often include early repeated experiences
of abuse, deprivation, abandonment, and parental
coldness. The hallmarks of personality disorders
are rigid, intractable defenses, difficulty relating
and empathizing with others, as well as acting out
behavior. Historically, the treatment of
personality disorders has been described as the symptoms of personality disorders be viewed
as aspects of dissociation and will examine the
applications of ego state concepts and techniques
to all phases of the EMDR protocol in order to
facilitate the treatment of these clients. Central
to this approach is the conceptualization of self
and object rcpresentations, self-objects or schemas as ego-states. Discussion will include how to use a developmental approach to assessment and will review the identification, mapping, and accessing of ego-states as well as how to promote ego-state-specific EMDR targets, facilitating the
enhancement of EMDR processing.
The integration of EMDR with Ego State therapy will be presented as a comprehensive approach to the treatment of the wide spectrum of personality disorders. New evidence from the fields of neuroscience, regarding the normative multiplicity of the self, will be defined and described. Historically, the treatment of personality disorders has been described as difficult, if not impossible; manifested by a rigid, character-armor, defensive resistance. This presentation will propose that the presence of untreated dissociation accounts for these failures and will highlight the use of ego-state mapping, exploration, interweaves and the utilization of ego-state-specific EMDR targeting to facilitate robust processing.
The integration of EMDR with Ego State Therapy will be presented as a comprehensive approach to treatment of the wide spectrum of personality disorders. These diagnostic categories include individuals manifesting character pathology, borderline personalities, antisocial and sociopathic tendencies as well as addictive behaviors. These clients have often been seen as poor candidates for EMDR or even nonresponders. They are often mandated for treatment or come at the behest of others. Their histories often include early repeated experiences of abuse, deprivation, abandonment, and parental coldness. The hallmarks of personality disorders are rigid, intractable defenses, difficulty relating and empathizing with others, as well as acting out behavior. Historically, the treatment of personality disorders has been described as the symptoms of personality disorders be viewed as aspects of dissociation and will examine the applications of ego state concepts and techniques to all phases of the EMDR protocol in order to facilitate the treatment of these clients. Central to this approach is the conceptualization of self and object rcpresentations, self-objects or schemas as ego-states. Discussion will include how to use a developmental approach to assessment and will review the identification, mapping, and accessing of ego-states as well as how to promote ego-state-specific EMDR targets, facilitating the enhancement of EMDR processing.
The integration of EMDR with Ego State Therapy will be presented as a comprehensive approach to the treatment of (he wide specturm of personality
disorders. New evidence from the fields of neuroscience. regarding the normative multiplicity of the self, will be discussed. Historically. the treatment of personality disorders has been described as difficult, if not impossible, manifested
by a rigid, character-armor, defensive resistance. This presentatlon will propose
that the presence of untreated dissociation accounts for these failures and will
highlight the use of ego-state mapping, exploration, interweaves and the
utilization of ego-state-specific EMDR protocols to target dissociation and facilitate robust processing.
Using EMDR as an integrative therapeutic approach from an attachment and developmental trauma lens, this presentation will give practical strategies for treating clients with Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) symptoms who have experienced Ritual Abuse and Mind Control (RA/MC). Infant disorganized attachment is an important precursor to adult dissociation and perhaps even more of a predictor of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) than severe trauma alone (van der Kolk). RA/MC programming will be explained so the clinician understands the layers of complexity in treating these dissociative symptoms and ego states.
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, developed in the late 1980s, is an information-processing therapy that draws on the recollection of one vivid memory of the trauma episode and uses eye movements to stimulate the brain to reprocess the episode and bring the person a sense of closure.
Installation of Future Template:
a. Ask the client to mentally progress in time to identify an image (stationary picture) of a
situation which he considers as desired and in which he acts adequately (there should be no
negative or catastrophic aspects in the picture or in client's behavioral response). This image
should represent an 'optimal response' to the situation.
b. Install an appropriate positive belief statement (i.e., "I can handle it") by bringing up the
future image and keeping in mind the belief statement while engaging in sets of eye
movements (like in the installation phase of the standard protocol).
c. After each SEM check the VoC by asking:"As you hold that image in mind, how true do the
words (state the PC "I can handle it") feel to you now on a scale from 1 to '7, where 1
represents "It feels completely false" and 7 represent "It feels completely true?". Clontinue as
long as the client reports a strengthening of validity.
d. Check client's self-efficacy with: "To what extent do you believe you are able to actually
handle this situation?" and rate this using a VoC scale. Continue with installing the PC as
long as the client reports a strengthening of his self-efficacy. [Excerpt]
Media and official reports on prevalence rates of military war stress injury have focused almost exclusively on escalating rates of well-known war stress injuries such as PTSD, depression, generalized anxiety, substance abuse, and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Take a look at some of this week's headlines:
•Michelle Obama Tackling PTSD Treatment For Veterans
•Veteran PTSD: Lawmakers Want Audit Of Wait Times For Appointments
However, the true impact from war trauma cannot be reduced to a handful of psychiatric diagnoses, as some may want. It is a well-established, albeit uncomfortable, and conveniently ignored historical, medical and scientific fact that human adaptation to uncontrollable, unpredictable and potentially traumatic stress "causes" or significantly contributes to a wide-range of neurobiological, physical, cognitive, emotional and behavioral changes that, when chronic and/or severe enough, will inevitably cause significant physiological alterations in the brain-mind-body, eventually leading to physical and/or psychological breakdown. It's not just me saying it. [Excerpt]
In order to get a complete and comprehensive case
conceptualization in Phase 1 of the EMDR protocol, it is important
to explore dissociative symptomatology. But the cinicai
picture of dissociation may be difficult to identify for inexperienced clinicians; some symptoms can be difficult to observe
even for experienced therapist who haven't seen severe cases.
in consultation we often find therapist who bring a 'complex
case' for supervision and quite frequently this 'complexity' has
to do with dissociation. Our goal with this presentation is to
show the many different ways dissociation can be manifested
during EMDR sessions. Another goal is to give practical examples
of interventions with dissociative patients during EMDR
processing. Many examples of subtle manifestations (what we
call 'dissociative language') will be illustrated with video cases.
Severely traumatized people don't communicate in a direct and
clear way, they have their 'own language' and in order to understand
the patient's inner world, we need to understand the
silences, the somatic symptoms the subtle (and not so subtle)
intrusions; all of these are frequent symptoms that the patient
can't detect, understand or disclose to us (not directly).
It is widely known that EMDR clinicians must be careful when
dealing with dissociative patients; techniques that can be used
during the stabilization phase have been developed for the
treatment of dissociative disorders (Knipe, Forgash .......). These
techniques are complementary to the basic protocols and are
very useful but the problem arises when therapists are not able
to identify and/or understand what we call the 'dissociative
language'.
We must keep in mind that most dissociative patients have
grown in an early environment where their needs were not taken
into account. Many never had the possibility to express their
feelings openly. For this, it is important to focus and under^
stand the indirect, complex and ambivalent communication of
these people especially during an EMDR session. The approach
to these difficulties is not only a question of protocol modifications.
but a complex learning from the therapist of the 'dissociative
language'. Several examples from videos of therapy
sessions and case descriptions will be presented.
One of the most intriguing aspects of traumatic stress has been the repeated learning and forgetting of lessons about its importance as a cause of psychopathology. It remains the case that the broader body of psychiatry and psychology has an ambivalent relationship with the field of traumatic stress and the nature of posttraumatic stress disorder. The origins of this ambivalence and their impact will be discussed. It is important that practitioners in the field of traumatic stress be aware of these barriers and how to address them in a research setting and clinical practice.
The underlying phenomenology of posttraumatic stress disorder will be explored and its neurobiological origins will be highlighted. It is important to deconstruct posttraumatic stress disorder into the different symptom components, as they have substantially different mechanisms underpinning their intensity and presentation. Posttraumatic stress disorder is a dynamic condition in which symptoms fluctuate with time and are substantially influenced by the environmental demands placed upon the individual.
It is often forgotten that somatic symptoms are a core element of the experience of individuals with PTSD. The nature of these somatic dimensions of distress and their significance will be discussed.
The epidemiology of posttraumatic stress disorder highlights how the prevalence of these conditions is seemingly increasing. However, this reflects the developments in the measurement of the effects of trauma in research settings. This has major implications for clinicians as to how best take a history about exposures to traumatic events. The evidence is that systematic investigation is critical and that unless questions are asked, symptoms will frequently go unreported. Recent evidence suggests that PTSD may be in fact more common than major depressive disorders. Equally, it should not be forgotten that depression is an important dimension of posttraumatic reactions. There is also an associated comorbidity with substance abuse. The risks associated with trauma exposure have a long tale of effect and these will be described.
The challenges of treatment will be discussed in the context of early intervention and workplace intervention. Treatment needs to be a sequential process where there are a variety of strategies, including EMDR, which can be used in treatment. The sequence of these strategies in treatment is a challenging question that has not been systematically addressed in research.
It remains the case that one of the primary issues in treatment is early identification, and this raises questions about the importance of screening in at-risk populations. Again, there are significant differences in opinion; however, the militaries around the world are now regularly screening populations returning from deployment. A recent novel approach to considering the issues of treatment is whether a staging approach should be used for conditions such as PTSD.
In summary, it is critical that clinicians have an explicit model of the mind and its neurobiology. Posttraumatic stress disorder can best be understood as an information processing disorder, which both impacts upon an individual's ability to engage with their day to day environment as well as integrate past experiences as a source of information to influence current behaviour. The integration and modulation of neural systems that manage environmental input is critical to adaptive functioning. The ways that these systems become dysregulated in PTSD will be highlighted and how these underlying deficits can be addressed in treatment will be focused upon.
A further issue that needs to be considered in the treatment of PTSD is the long-term risk of individuals, who have developed this condition, to have relapses after a successful intervention. Some long-term treatment outcome data will be presented.
Today, the dreaming mind is understood to improve learning, organize novel solutions to problems from waking consciousness and, thus, creatively support survival. This function, of finding new creative solutions, is also observed in the desensitization phase four of the EMDR protocol and is a key component in Ego State Therapy (EST). Dreams appear to select targets from the client’s history, that are causing problems in current time. In addition, dreams may respond to interventions made during a therapeutic session, as if the dreaming mind were in a dialogue with the client and the therapist. This type of dream leads to a more creative dialogue in subsequent therapy. Repetitive nightmares are the dreaming signature of PTSD, and these too respond well to EMDR and rehearsed changes in imagery, including that of ego states and can result in improved sleep quality. Dreams can offer a resource figure in blocked therapy; demonstrate the validity of ego states and of ego state relationships. This presentation focuses on the use of dreams, in combination with EMDR, as well as EST, for clients suffering from post traumatic syndromes. A review of the literature will be given but primarily case studies and video material from actual sessions will shared.
Learning objectives:
1. Understand the neuroscience that underlies the present state ofknowledge of the dreaming mind/brain
2. Develop skill in using the language of the dreaming mind to improve interweaves and interventions in the course of therapy
3. Develop skills in carrying nightmares forward using EMDR and thus improving sleep quality
4. Formulate a script that explains to clients why dreams and the imagination are useful in therapy.
5. Participate in a practicum on the use of dreams.
Clients facing medical problems or experiencing somatic conditions may present for psychotherapy with a variety of concerns which include: distress or fears about the illness or condition itself (e.g., cancer, anxiety about various aspects of the treatment they need to undergo, surgery, etc., and some trepidation and genitive experiences from their interaction with the medical system or medical personnel, causing secondary trauma, Clients may also be concerned about the strength or weakness of their own bodies to heal immune system, mind/body potential). Many clients suffer from chronic conditions, which occur in either acute or chronic episodes and undermine their lives, leaving them feeling debilitated and less functional than desired (i.e., asthsma, migraine, bowel problems, ulcerative colitis, Cohn’s disease, PMS, insomnia). Some aspects of illness may be the result of somatization due to childhood trauma, secondary gain (a defense against strong feelings), unconscious need to mask strong negative affect; dissociative disorders of co aversion reactions; as well as acute or chronic stress. Some chronic symptoms may be due to long-term interpersonal problems. Clients may be suffering from maladaptive patterns established during infancy or childhood creating pervasive dysfunction in one’s sense of self, one’s relationships, or in one’s life function. Psychosomatic conditions may result.
History taking includes several levels of investigation, including current and past psychosocial and symptom history, looking for premorbid or comorbid conditions, and helping clients uncover related trauma as well as unrecognized strengths. Since a number of somatic and medical problems often have their origins in more obscure beginnings, this method helps reveal a deeper and more comprehensive history taking and decision-making process to help the clinician choose the level of complexity to use in the face of a client’s physical or emotional distress. This process may enable the clinician to help the client more quickly gain access to underlying factors which may block healing. Along with a clearer picture of the condition, integrating a variety of healing mechanisms with EMDR provides an individualized approach to activate the client’s own potential to heal.
Clients facing medical problems or experiencing somatic conditions present for psychotherapy with a variety of
concerns which include: distress or fears about the illness or condition itself i.e., cancer, anxiety about various
aspects of the treatment they need to undergo, surgery, etc., and some have trepidation and negative
experiences from their interaction with the medical system or medical personnel, causing secondary trauma.
Clients may also be concerned about the strength or weakness of their own bodies to heal (immune system,
mind/body potential). Many clients suffer from chronic conditions, which occur in either acute or chronic
episodes and undermine their lives, leaving them feeling debilitated and less functional than desired (i.e.,
asthma, migraine, bowel problems, ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, PMS, insomnia). Some aspects of illness
may be the result of somatisation due to childhood trauma, secondary gain (a defence against strong feelings),
unconscious need to mask strong negative affect; dissociative disorders or conversion reactions; as well as acute
or chronic stress. Some chronic symptoms may be due to long-term interpersonal problems. Clients may be
suffering from maladaptive patterns established during infancy or childhood creating pervasive dysfunction in
one’s sense of self, one’s relationships, or in one’s life function. Psychosomatic conditions my result. History
taking includes several levels of investigation, including current and past psychosocial and symptom history,
looking for pre-morbid or co-morbid conditions, and helping clients uncover related traumas as well as unrecognized strengths. Clinicians will learn a special multi-layered approach for assessment and developing
targets for EMDR processing.
Gene Gendlin, noted Philosopher and Psychologist, did extensive research regarding exactly when deep "change" occurred in clients during therapeutic sessions. Based on the assumption of an integral mind-body connection, he developed specific steps to help the client "listen to and dialogue with" the body, including both the boldily-held trauma, as well as the body without trauma (state of fullest potential). Participants of this workshop will: 1)learn a cognitive understanding of the focusing approach; 2) experience, through exercises, the power of focusing; and 3) learn a practical format of an integration of focusing and EMDR for work with clients.
EMDR can be used in the treatment of complex dissociative disorders. Both presenters have been treating dissociative disorders for decades and one is an approved EMDR trainer. This workshop will not include instruction on specific techniques: these can be learned from approved EMDR trainings which require six full days of workshop teaching, assigned readings, and 10 hours of supervision. Instead, the presenters will explain how EMDR is based on a trauma-dissociation model and is therefore highly suited to the treatment of complex dissociative disorders including DID. A brief description of EMDR will be provided, including its 8 phases, of which only one involves eye movements or other forms of bilateral stimulation. EMDR is consistent with three-stage models of trauma therapy: the eye movements are used in stage two, the active working phase of therapy. In EMDR this is called Phase 4. The work in trauma stage one (EMDR phases 1-3), in patients with DID or DDNOS, involves grounding, stabilization, system mapping, building co-consciousness, orientation of parts to the body and the present, and other elements from the dissociative disorders literature. The bilateral stimulation phase of EMDR should not be used until this phase one work is complete, or at least well underway. The presenters will then go on to provide case examples of how EMDR can be used in the psychotherapy of DID, DDNOS and the complex comorbidity that usually accompanies both.
Learning Objectives:
Participants will be able to describe how EMDR can be used in complex dissociative disorders.
Participants will be able to describe how EMDR is based on a trauma-dissociation model of mental disorders and addictions.
Participants will be able to describe the basic feaures of EMDR.
EMDR is a psychotherapy and sport psychology technique
that allows fears and traumas to be resolved and belief
systems reframed at both the conscious and unconscious
levels. This presentation will introduce a framework for when
and how to combine work at the conscious level using
cognitive behavioral techniques and in-depth techniques that
work with the unconscious mind like EMDR. The preliminary
and intervention phases of a high performance sport psychology framework will be discussed. The preliminary
phase defines the athletes concerns. It includes a performance
assessment of mental, physical, and technical aspects of
performance. The assessment information is used to outline
intervention goals and build rapport with the athlete.
Interventions have two paths. One is cognitive behavioral; the
second is working with the preconscious or unconscious mind
to resolve fears or traumas and reframe belief systems. In the
first path, the intervention systematically progresses, using
cognitive behavioral techniques, until either the performance
blocks are resolved, or the desired changes do not occur. In the
case of the latter, the second (deeper) path is suggested. For
those who are not, suggestions for collaborating with an
individual trained in EMDR will be provided.
“Using EMDR at Each Stage of the Trauma Recovery Process”
1) Introduction and overview of general principles of traumatology.
2) The stages of trauma recovery:
a) Safety,
b) Self-regulation capacity,
c) Social connection,
d) Reprocessing traumatic memories,
e) Rebuilding a life worth living.
3) Safety:
a) Calm/safe place-indications and contraindications,
b) EMD,
c) RTEP,
d) Coping with current lack of safety.
4) Self-Regulation:
a) EMDR self-regulation interventions with the whole brain in mind.
5) Social connection:
a) Interventions based on client attachment style,
b) Enhancing memories of positive relationships,
c) Building layers of connection—intimacy, family, community, religious,
6) Reprocessing traumatic memories:
a) Considerations for selecting appropriate memory targets,
b) A continuum of reprocessing approaches-EMD through EMDR,
c) Recent event and more distant past event issues,
d) Cultural considerations.
7) Rebuilding a life worth living:
a) The positive future template,
8) Conclusion.
The presentation will include video examples of interventions at each stage of the trauma recovery process. Audience
questions and interactions will be encouraged.
Personality is a multiplicity, encompassing many different states of mind. Ego state is a useful term describing a state of mind in which certain thoughts, feelings, and behaviors tend to operate together. The well-functioning adult will shift ego states are needed to adapt to the roles required by the environment. In an individual raised with healthy attachments and normal development, the shift between ego states does not create discontinuity or confusion of experience. The boundaries of the core self, or core ego expand to include the differentiated ego states, and the boundaries of the differentiated ego states are permeable (Watkins & Watkins, 1997). This allows the individual to maintain a healthy integration of ego states and a continuity of identity.
This workshop offers an overview in the etiology
and diagnosis of complex PTSD and dissociative
disorders from a developmental perspective; how to
develop resources including strengthening positive
qualities of Self, relaxation techniques and selfadministered
acupressure to reduce stress and stabilize
the client in preparation for and during EMDR
processing.
Prior to EMDR treatment of pain, or any other psychological treatment, the therapist should ensure previous medical investigations and treatments have been completed to the satisfaction of the client. Or that the client is willing to proceed if they haven't, bearing in mind that the pain may be signaling some unknown pathology. Fortunately, EMDR cannot take away pain that is necessary, so there is no danger of the client feeling "too good" following treatment and then doing too much physically and injuring themselves. Medical mismanagement such as inappropriate use of medication, lack of adequate information etc should also be addressed prior to commencing EMDR treatment of pain. [Author]
As part of my discussion with my patients about their mind and the adaptive information processing (AIP) system, I find that patients are sometimes unable to find responses when asked about a picture representing the worst part of the event or what negative belief remains with them as a result of a life experience. It is my opinion that it is advantageous for the clinician to attempt to get all the pieces to the protocol and I recommend the scripts provides in this chapter as possible ways to do so. Use the scripts either during Phase 1 (history taking) or Phase 2 (preparation). The When Words and Pictures Fail Script is provided, and a case example is use to illustrate how to address unrecalled or missing assessment ingredients. [PsycINFO Database]
This column is devoted to statements that
were made in the workshop that should be
ingrained in the mind of every EMDR
practitioner. Since EMDR is still in the
"experimental stage" (i.e., replication studies
have not yet confiremed its efficacy, the
EMDR-trained clinicians are the frontline
spokespeople. In order to avoid misunderstandings
of untrained clinicians and
laypeople, please recall the following: EMDR is not a "cookiecutter; Reprocessing a trauma is like removing a quilt from the bed; Using EMDR is like opening a stuck faucet; Client safety is paramount; Never attempt EMDR In a nonclinical
setting; EMDR is an interface with your
clinical skills; Clients are at risk if EMDR is attempted by untrained clinicians; and Clients should not be placed at risk
without their informed consent.
This Powerpoint presentation makes use of the Powerpoint Presentation: "From Eye movement Desensitization
and Reprocessing (EMDR):
QEEG’s of PTSD and dementia look alike
(slow wave movement in the occipital
lobe)
James Kowal - 2008 EMDRIA Conference,
Phoenix" to (1)"To ask the question:
Is learning more important
in the treatment of Alzheimer’s
than we’ve thought?"; "(2)To share what I’ve learned:
- about the impact of trauma (chronic illness)
- about the importance of beliefs
- about the role of emotion
- how trauma processing might benefit
those with Alzheimer’s and
their caretakers"; and (3) "What works". [EMDR Editor]