Francine Shapiro Library - EMDR Bibliography Links
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1. De Divitiis, A. M. (2010, June). Application of resource development and installation (RDI) in delivery preparation in order to prevent post partum depression. In Female issues. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
According to the latest statistical evidence Post-Partum
Depression develops in approximately 13% of women
during the second -third month after childbirth with symptoms
lasting between few weeks and a year and risks of relapse.
Unlike the Baby Blues (affecting 70% of mothers, with onset in
the 3'd - 6" day after delivery and spontaneous recovery within
approximately two weeks), likely to be caused basically by hormone
modifications in the immediate aftermath of childbirth.
PPD development would seem to be solely determined by psychological
factors: the experience of childbirth, the surfacing of
unresolved problems in the relationships with attachment figures,
the change in the woman's role both in the social sphere and
within the couple relationship, the fear of being unable to adequately
attend to the new responsibilities (both in terms of skills
and of the ability to cope with the additional workioad), etc.
Consequently, women experiencing childbirth as a traumatic
experience are more destabilized by the event, and therefore.
at a higher risk of developing PPD.
Childbirth requires the deployment of many personal resources.
A woman in labor must be able to bear the pain, while having
to "push", 1.e. contrast the automatic antalgic reaction (which
would close the delivery channel) and "meeting the pain", during
the "expulsion" phase. Considering that "Peak Performances"
require moving out of a person's comfort zone and
stretching a person's boundaries, childbirth experience can be
rightfully considered a "Peak Performance".
This work describes RDI application times and modes during Delivery
Preparation in order to strengthen the different personal
resources needed by pregnant women to experience her childbirth
as an ego syntonic experience. In this sense, RDI associated
with EMDR can be considered an actual Primary Prevention intervention,
capable of teaching women something positive about
themselves, thus effectively offsetting the onset of PPD. Furthermore
the results of the application of this technique collected
during the Post-Partum phase on 48 women will be discussed.
Learning objectives:
1 identification of the specific issues predisposing the development
of PTSD due to Childbirth and of Post-Partum Depression.
2. Framing Childbirth as a Peak Performance.
3 Learning RDI (Resource Development and Installation) application
through Bilateral Stimuli during Delivery Preparation Courses.
Keywords: Delivery Preparation Female Issues Resource Development and Installation RDI Symposium
Accuracy Verified: Yes
2. De Divitiis, A. M. (2008, Novembre). Applicazione dello sviluppo e installazione delle risorse (RDI) nella psicoprofilassi al parto finalizzata alla prevenzione delle depressione post partum (DPP) [Application of resource development and installation (RDI) in psychoprophylaxis geared to the prevention of postpartum depression(DPP)]. Presentazione le Applicazioni Cliniche del EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia.
Language: Italian
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Dagli ultimi dati statistici risulta che la Depressione Post Partum viene sviluppata da circa il 13% delle puerpere nel corso del secondo – terzo mese successivi al parto e la durata dei sintomi varia da qualche settimana ad un anno, con rischi di recidiva.
A differenza del Baby Blues (colpisce il 70% delle puerpere, insorge in III – VI giornata e si risolve spontaneamente nell’arco di un paio di settimane), imputabile essenzialmente alle fisiologiche modificazioni ormonali (calo degli estrogeni e progesterone) dell’im-mediato post partum, lo sviluppo della DPP sembrerebbe invece essere determinata da fattori di natura strettamente psicologica: l’esperienza del parto, il riemergere di problematiche irrisolte nelle relazioni con le figure di attaccamento, il cambiamento di ruolo della donna sia nell’ambito sociale che all’interno della coppia, il timore di non essere in grado di attendere adeguatamente alle nuove responsabilità (sia sul piano delle proprie capacità, che del nuovo carico di fatica fisica), ecc.
Le donne che hanno vissuto il parto come esperienza traumatica risultano essere maggiormente destabilizzate da tale evento e quindi maggiormente esposte allo sviluppo della DPP.
Il parto richiede alla donna il reclutamento di molteplici risorse personali. Nel corso del “travaglio” la donna deve riuscire a contenere il dolore, mentre nella fase dell’“espulsione” le viene richiesto inoltre di “spingere”, ossia di contrastare una reazione antalgica automatica (che chiuderebbe il canale da parto) per andare invece “incontro al dolore”. Se consideriamo che le “Prestazioni di Picco” si caratterizzano per essere “al di fuori” del proprio ambito di sicurezza, di agio e di conforto, nel tentativo di oltrepassare il limite estremo delle proprie capacità, l’esperienza del parto può essere inscritta a pieno titolo nelle “Prestazioni di Picco”.
Nel presente lavoro vengono descritte le modalità e i tempi di applicazione del RDI nel corso della Preparazione al Parto, finalizzata al rafforzamento delle diverse risorse personali di cui ogni gestante ha bisogno per poter vivere il parto come esperienza egosintonica. In tal senso l’RDI, tramite EMDR, è da considerarsi un vero e proprio Intervento di Prevenzione Primaria, in grado di insegnare alle donne qualcosa di positivo riguardo sé stesse, contrastando efficacemente l’insorgere della DPP. Verranno esposti, inoltre, i risultati dell’applicazione di tale tecnica su 48 gestanti, raccolti nella fase del Post Partum.
The latest statistics show that postpartum depression is developed by about 13% of mothers during the second to third months after delivery and the duration of symptoms varies from few weeks to a year, with risks of recurrence. Unlike the Baby Blues (affects 70% of mothers, occurs in III - VI day and resolves spontaneously within a couple of weeks), largely because of the physiological hormonal changes (decline in estrogen and progesterone) of IM-mediated post-partum, the development of the DPP seems to be determined by factors strictly psychological: the experience of childbirth, the resurgence of unresolved issues in relations with attachment figures, the changing role of women both in social the couple, the fear of not being able to wait adequately to new responsibility (both in terms of its ability, that the new burden of physical labor, etc.). Women who have experienced childbirth as a traumatic experience become more undermined by this event and, therefore, at greater risk of developing the DPP. The birth of the woman requires the recruitment of many personal resources. During the "Labor" the woman must be able to contain the pain, while in phase the 'expulsion' is the also required to "push", i.e. a reaction to counter analgesic automatic (which close the channel by birth) to go instead "to meet the pain." If we consider that "Peak Performance" are characterized by being "outside" the extent of its security, ease and comfort, in an attempt to go beyond the bounds of their abilities, experience delivery can be fully inscribed in the "peak performance". The present paper describes the methods and timing of application of RDI during the preparation for childbirth, which aims to reinforce the various personal resources which each pregnant woman needs to live the experience of childbirth as ego syntonic. In this sense, the RDI, through EMDR is considered true primary prevention interventions that can teach women something positive about themselves to effectively counter the rise DPP. Will be exposed, in addition, the results of applying this technique on 48 pregnant women, collected at the stage of post-partum.
Keywords: Postpartum Depression RDI Resource Development and Installation
Accuracy Verified: Yes
3. Klaus, P. (2005, June). Birth trauma - Causes, effects, methods to heal: An EMDR approach. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Brussels, Belgium.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Events at birth are traumatic and create feelings of powerlessness when they
are actually or appear life-threatening to self or loved ones, are sudden,
change quickly from "normal" to dangerous without explanation, and when
the situation appears overwhelming. There is no time to prepare, no way to
plan an escape or to prevent something from happening. A number of
events during labor or birth such as unplanned interventions, serious
problems in the mother, physical damage, a sick infant, and separation from
the baby can be classified as traumatic. Major trauma for a woman occurs
in childbirth when she has inordinate fear and is in a situation where she has no control. Other aspects of trauma are more subjective and relate to how
a woman is treated and how she perceives the experience, often causing
humiliation and stigma. Trauma during the prenatal period can affect the
parents' perception of the baby, their own self-concept, their relationship,
and can impair bonding and attachment. Early trauma can have both
immediate and long-range effects on the parents and the infant and may
create later in the adult psychological and somatic conditions and a
negative self-concept. Equally important is the history the parents bring to
this event as well as the quality of their relationship. Birth is a magnet for
unresolved issues to emerge. Clinicians will learn about the causes and
effects of these early traumas as well as methods, including EMDR to
uncover, resolve, and heal them.
Keywords: Birth Defects
Accuracy Verified: Yes
4. Knipscheer, J., van Middendorp, H., & Kleber, R. (2011, August). De rol van cultuur in het omgaan met psychotrauma [The role of culture in coping with psychotrauma]. Psychologie & Gezondheid, 39(3), 125-131. doi:10.1007/s12483-011-0026-4.
Language: Dutch
Format: Journal
Abstract:
The role of culture in coping with psychotrauma
In this paper, the theme of the special issue on Culture and Trauma is introduced. In both empirically oriented articles as well as theoretical and contemplative contributions, the role of culture and migration context in the development of psychological problems following trauma, culture-specific or generic coping with the consequences, help-seeking behavior, and the need for culturally sensitive treatment is explored. First, the influence of the migration context is considered with regard to the possible sickening role of the asylum procedure, the burden for immigrant women who have undergone female genital mutilation and now live in a society that seriously condemns it, and the dilemma of Islamic migrants who experience homosexual feelings while living in a secularized society. Following are some contributions on cultural diversity in the expression of trauma symptoms, like somatization among refugees and the articulation of rage and embitterment among labor migrants. The impact of trauma in combination with migration on families and how children can be affected by the traumatization of their parents is the topic of two contributions in which the role of the (extended) family is explored and a contextual approach to working with families with trauma-related symptoms (a mentalization based multifamily therapy) is described. The factors that impede therapyseeking behaviour and drop-out are discussed in a study on Moroccan or Turkish girls who were raped. Finally, the applicability and efficacy of evidence-based interventions for treating ethnic minority patients with posttraumatic stress disorder is illustrated by a study on Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing with refugees and an article on specific elements of intercultural trauma therapy that appear to be culturally sensitive.
Keywords: Asylum Procedure Cultural Diversity Culture Ethnic Minority Patients Female Genital Homosexuality Islamic Migrants Mentalization-Based Multi-Family Therapy Mutilation Migration Context Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Psychotrauma Trauma
Accuracy Verified: Yes
5. Klaus, P. (2005, September). The impact of childhood sexual abuse on childbearing: EMDR and other therapeutic interventions. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Seattle, WA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Childhood abuse memories can be activated at significant developmental periods
or at stressful life events. Childbearing is especially vulnerable due perhaps to
uncontrollable factors such as rapid changes in the woman's body, uncertainty
and pain of labor, numerous invasive procedures, coping with medical
professionals who are strangers with authority and power, and responsibility
for a tiny, dependent infant. Participants will identify symptoms that may be
exhibited during childbearing, recognize specific triggers that activate abuse
memories and interfere with birth or parenting, and learn how to incorporate
EMDR with specific interventions to help survivors reduce fears, minimize
htrggers, promote healing and bonding.
Keywords: Child Bearing Sexual Abuse
Accuracy Verified: Yes
6. Stramrood, C., van der Velde, J., Schultz, W. W., & van Pampus, M. (2011, March). A new application of EMDR: Treatment of posttraumatic stress following childbirth. Poster presentation at the American Psychosomatic Society 69th Annual Scientific Meeting, San Antonio, TX.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Purpose: To evaluate the possibility of using eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) treatment for women with posttraumatic stress following childbirth. EMDR is internationally recognized as one of the treatments of choice for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, as outlined in a recent article on the management of PTSD following childbirth, very little is known about the effect of the intervention in women who experienced the delivery as traumatic. Methods: Two patients suffering from posttraumatic stress symptoms following childbirth were treated with EMDR. Patient A developed PTSD symptoms following the lengthy labor of her first child that ended in an emergency cesarean section (CS) after unsuccessful vacuum and forceps extraction. Patient B suffered from PTSD symptoms since the birth of her first child, during which a second degree vaginal rupture occurred, causing pain and resulting in the inability to use tampons and engage in sexual intercourse for several years. RESULTS: Both patients received EMDR treatment during their second pregnancy, using the standard protocol. After 2 sessions of EMDR including RDI and future template, patient A felt strong and confident about the upcoming delivery. She did not prefer a CS over vaginal birth or vice versa, as long as she would end up psychologically undamaged. Due to insufficient engaging of the fetal head, patient A underwent a secondary CS, but nonetheless looks back positively at the experience. Patient B felt calm and less anxious after two sessions of EMDR. Despite her initial request for an elective CS, she agreed to attempt vaginal delivery, and a healthy infant was born. Even though she suffered another second degree vaginal rupture, which fortunately did not cause dyspareunia this time, patient B also looks back positively at the second delivery. Conclusion: Treatment with EMDR reduced PTSD symptoms in these two women, and hence proved to be an effective intervention. Furthermore, both women were confident enough to attempt vaginal birth rather than demanding an elective CS. We advocate a large scale RCT involving women with postpartum PTSD to confirm the effect of EMDR in this patient group.
Keywords: Childbirth Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
7. Stramrood, C. A., van der Velde, J., Doornbos, B., Marieke Paarlberg, K., Weijmar Schultz, W. C., & van Pampus, M. G. (2012, March). The patient observer: Eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing for the treatment of posttraumatic stress following childbirth. Birth, 39(1), 70-76. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-536X.2011.00517.x.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Background: No standard intervention with proved effectiveness is available for women with posttraumatic stress following childbirth because of insufficient research. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the possibility of using eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing treatment for women with symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder following childbirth. The treatment is internationally recognized as one of the interventions of choice for the condition, but little is known about its effects in women who experienced the delivery as traumatic. Methods: Three women suffering from posttraumatic stress symptoms following the birth of their first child were treated with eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing during their next pregnancy. Patient A developed posttraumatic stress symptoms following the lengthy labor of her first child that ended in an emergency cesarean section after unsuccessful vacuum extraction. Patient B suffered a second degree vaginal rupture, resulting in pain and inability to engage in sexual intercourse for years. Patient C developed severe preeclampsia postpartum requiring intravenous treatment. Results: Patients received eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing treatment during their second pregnancy, using the standard protocol. The treatment resulted in fewer posttraumatic stress symptoms and more confidence about their pregnancy and upcoming delivery compared with before the treatment. Despite delivery complications in Patient A (secondary cesarean section due to insufficient engaging of the fetal head); Patient B (second degree vaginal rupture, this time without subsequent dyspareunia); and Patient C (postpartum hemorrhage, postpartum hypertension requiring intravenous treatment), all three women looked back positively at the second delivery experience. Conclusions: Treatment with eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing reduced posttraumatic stress symptoms in these three women. They were all sufficiently confident to attempt vaginal birth rather than demanding an elective cesarean section. We advocate a large-scale, randomized controlled trial involving women with postpartum posttraumatic stress disorder to evaluate the effect of eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing in this patient group.
Keywords: Childbirth Postpartum Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Pregnancy PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
8. Monticelli, M. L. (2008, Novembre). Psicoterapia cognitivo costruttivista e EMDR integrati: verso un’evoluzione mente-corpo consapevole e collettiva [Cognitive constructivist EMDR integrated into development mind-body awareness and collective]. Poster presentato al Applicazioni Cliniche dell'EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia.
Language: Italian
Format: Conference
Abstract:
I limiti mentali autoimposti acquisiti da copioni familiari reiterati in età evolutiva e da modelli operativi interiori acquisiti dalle autorità societarie attraverso mezzi di comunicazione di massa e regole educativo-lavorative, inducono percentuali sempre più rilevanti della popolazione europea alla vulnerabilità psicopatologica. L’esordio delle sintomatologie psichiche e somatiche di varia entità, avviene già in fasi precoci, nella primissima infanzia e spesso già nelle fasi prenatali, e il limite di età tende percentualmente a essere sempre più sensibile fin dal primo mese di vita. In età scolare si manifestano situazioni comportamentali quali il cosiddetto “bullismo” e fenomeni con campionature rilevanti di sindromi ipercinetiche con deficit attentivo e disturbi del-l’apprendimento. In adolescenza il contesto si complica e gli attacchi di panico, le sindromi depressive e i disturbi alimentari psicogeni dilagano, fino all’esordio di disturbi post-traumatici da stress che si incrementano in seguito alle difficili scelte di orientamento universitario o lavorativo. La vulnerabilità dell’età adulta si manifesta con disturbi somatoformi di diversa natura, disturbi psicocardiologici, sindromi ansioso-depressive, attacchi di panico, disturbi di coppia e relazionali, per citare i più frequenti e limitandomi solo ad accennare l’esistenza della molteplicità di disturbi iatrogeni. In tali soggetti, la consapevolezza di essere indotti in stati di shock che incrementano molteplici disturbi somatoformi e psicopatologici è praticamente assente. Essi, come pazienti, si rivolgono agli specialisti in ambito sanitario con la convinzione, spesso indotta da propagande dei mass-media, che tutto sia solo genetico, e vada "curato" con farmaci per lunghi periodi se non per tutta la vita. Anche da parte degli operatori sanitari vi sono ampie aree di inadeguatezza metodologica: ad esempio, la gravidanza viene gestita come fosse una malattia, riducendo la donna partoriente a una paziente alla quale troppo facilmente si “consiglia” il parto cesareo (statisticamente tra i più frequenti in Italia!) come metodo “veloce e sicuro” di parto, togliendo la competenza materna dell’imprinting alla nascita del bambino con le conseguenze psicologiche che ne derivano per la relazione madre-bambino e per la crescita serena di quest’ultimo, e, sempre a titolo esemplificativo, ignorano quasi del tutto gli aspetti di psicocardiologia, e il loro intervento si riduce a esami medici invasivi e a somministrazione di farmaci. Eppure, la psicoterapia cognitiva costruttivista, e specificamente modelli teorici e tecniche strategiche specialistiche note come EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing), l’utilizzo di biofeedback, l’innovativo training emotivo-cognitivo-comportamentale da me ideato nelle due versioni per la psicoterapia e per i gruppi in formazione che incrementa il riconoscimento emotivo e l’implementazione di immagini mentali idonee a modificare cognizioni e comportamenti irrazionali, quando eticamente e competentemente applicati, fanno molto per questi pazienti, sia in quanto si incrementa sensibilmente il livello della loro consapevolezza e della loro capacità di farsi protagonisti nel-l'evoluzione positiva della loro “guarigione”, sia in quanto si può intervenire in modo mirato con sperimentati protocolli per la risoluzione dello stato di trauma psichico in tempi ragionevolmente rapidi e con risultati attendibili e verificabili. Passando dalla dimensione individuale a quella collettiva, ossia alla psicopatologia collettiva cagionata dall’esposizione (anche solo mediatica) ad eventi catastrofici o angoscianti (magari associati a senso di impotenza, insicurezza, precarietà) o a diversi tipi di stress e vulnerabilità, possiamo aggiungere che, analogamente, mediante un lavoro su sistemi di neuroni specchio e sull'attivazione di nuove connessioni di reti neurali con un modello operativo non invasivo, si potrebbe migliorare la condizione di intere popolazioni rispetto a disturbi che, oggettivamente, sono in continua diffusione.
Sarebbe opportuno iniziare una sensibilizzazione collettiva partendo dalla formazione per livelli differenziati degli operatori educativi e sanitari, per poi estenderla alla popolazione suddividendola
per fasce di età e per territori di appartenenza; purtroppo la consapevolezza non è tra le aspettative primarie di committenti rivolti solo al profitto economico.
In un contesto storico-culturale dove l’etica, le relazioni umane, la cooperazione sembrano utopiche fiabe, questa è la sfida di essere una perturbatrice emotivamente orientata ad amplificare la consapevolezza attraverso un nuovo modello psicoterapeutico e formativo integrato, al quale sto lavorando da alcuni anni con risultati incoraggianti e che sarà mia premura esporre dettagliatamente durante il Congresso EMDR 2008.
The self-imposed mental limitations acquired from family scripts repeated age and developmental models inner acquired by the company operating through means of mass communication and
educational and working rules, induce percentage increasing as the population of Europe vulnerability to psychopathology. The onset of symptoms of various psychological and somatic
entity, is already in the early stages, in early childhood and often known during prenatal and age limit percentage tends to be more sensitive since the first month of life. Age
school behavioral situations occur where the so-called "bullying" and phenomena samples relevant syndromes of attention-deficit and hyperactive disorder - learning. In adolescence the context is complicated and panic attacks, the syndromes psychogenic depression and eating disorders are rampant, until onset of post-traumatic disorders stress which increases as a result of difficult choices of university or business orientation. The vulnerability of adulthood is manifested by different types of somatoform disorders, disorders psycho, anxious-depressive syndrome, panic attacks, disorders of torque and relational to cite the most frequent is limited only to mention the existence of multiplicity of disorders iatrogenic. In these subjects, conscious of being led into a state of shock that increase multiple somatoform disorders and psychopathology is virtually absent. They, like patients, addressed to specialists in the health field with the belief, often driven by propaganda media, that everything is just genetic, and must be "cured" with drugs for long periods if not for life. Including by health workers there are large areas of inadequacy
methodological: for example, pregnancy is managed as if it were a disease, reducing the woman in labor to a patient which too easily "advise" Caesarean (statistically the most frequent in Italy!) as a method of "fast and safe childbirth, removing the competence of imprinting the birth mother of the child with the psychological consequences that entailed for the mother-child and to the peaceful growth of the latter, and, also example, know little about the aspects of psycho, and their intervention reduces to invasive medical examinations and medication. Yet, cognitive psychotherapy
constructivist theoretical models and specific strategic and technical specialists known as EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing), the use of biofeedback, the innovative
emotional-cognitive-behavioral training which I designed in two versions for psychotherapy and groups in training that increases the emotional recognition and implementation of
mental images likely to change, knowledge and irrational behavior, when ethically and competently applied, do a lot for these patients, both because it increases
significantly the level of their awareness and their ability to get players in - the positive development of their "healing", both as it can intervene in a targeted manner with
tested protocols for the resolution of the state of psychic trauma in the reasonably rapid and reliable and verifiable results. Moving from individual dimension to that
collective, that is caused by exposure to psychopathology group (even the media) to distressing or catastrophic event (perhaps associated with the sense of powerlessness, insecurity, instability) or
different types of stress and vulnerability, we can add that, similarly, through a work on systems of mirror neurons and activation of new connections of neural networks with a model
operating non-invasive, it could improve the condition of entire populations than disorders that, objectively, are in constant circulation. It would be appropriate to start a collective awareness levels, starting from training differential operators' education and health, then extend it to the population divides
by age and territories belonging unfortunately the awareness is not between the expectations primary principals addressed only in profit or loss. In a historical-cultural context where ethics, human relations, cooperation seem utopian fairy tales, this is the challenge of being an emotionally disturbing oriented to amplify the awareness through a new model of psychotherapy and integrated training, which I working for several years with encouraging results and that will spell out my readiness EMDR 2008 during the Congress.
Keywords: Mind-Body Awareness Poster
Accuracy Verified: Yes
9. Greenwald, R. (2002, June). Session checklist forms in treatment research: A tool to support supervision and treatment fidelity. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Diego, CA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Treatment fidelity is of primary concern in treatment research, because unless the specified
treatment is being properly implemented, the study’s findings cannot be interpreted. In addition to
the “gold standard” of videotaping sessions for later supervision and fidelity rating - which is costly
and labor-intensive - there are many procedures to support treatment fidelity, including manualizing
the treatment, providing training, and providing supervision. I have developed a “session checklist”
form as another tool in support of treatment fidelity. This form, keyed to the steps specified in the
treatment manual, prompts the therapist to implement each component of the intervention, to take
notes along the way, and to check off those steps which were completed. This form supports
treatment fidelity by reminding the therapist what to do, and by serving as an organized record of
the session, to facilitate supervision as well as fidelity rating. A sample session form is presented.
Keywords: Fidelity Poster Research Session Checklist Form Supervision
Accuracy Verified: Yes
10. Taylor, R. J. (1998, December). Sharing Space I: Reduction of anxiety and pain in labor and delivery using an EMDR model: A single case study. Journal of Prenatal & Perinatal Psychology & Health, 13(2), 149-153.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
A single case study in the treatment of anxiety and pain associated with labor and childbirth using an Eye Movement Desensitization model in 5 sessions. The client ultimately delivered a baby via Cesarean Section with a spinal block, but reported that the therapeutic procedure aided in reduction of medication and anxiety during the experience. In the debriefing session, she reported that the process allowed her to maintain a sense of calm and control.
Keywords: Anxiety Management Birth Childbirth Childbirth Training Labor Labor (Childbirth) Pain Management Treatment Effectiveness Evaluation Treatment Efficacy
Accuracy Verified: Yes