Francine Shapiro Library - EMDR Bibliography Links
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1. シャピロ、フランシーヌ [Shapiro, Francine]. (2004). 眼球運動脱感作と再処理：基本的な考え方、プロトコル、および手順 [Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Basic principles, protocols, and procedures]. 大阪：Niheisha [Ōsaka: Niheisha].
Language: Japanese
Format: Book
Abstract:
"この雑誌は、この本の初版（1996年世＃4頁99〜100）の主要な貢献として賞賛した。この新しい版は大幅に拡大され、更新された、反対の一部の研究者は、EMDRしなければならなかったことは多くを解決。結果は恐怖症の治療に有用な補助ステップバイステップの歴史的、理論的、実用的な導入され、心的外傷後ストレス障害を投稿してください。"-初版臨床老年学者称賛、"この実用的な本が重要であるの決定的なプレゼンテーションとしてEMDR法....臨床医は、その詳細な説明をお迎えいたします....いくつかの事例や五注釈転写物はきれいにし、メソッドの機微を示していますセラピストのクライアントは、ロールを中心に"-現代心理学は"書き込みは一般的には明らかである具体的な手順とサンプルのフレーズを説明するために典型的なケースのイラストでバランスのガイドラインは....利点の説明は特別な注意が、可能性のある副作用の説明で全体のバランスが期待されるセラピストによって使用されるように、困難な集団が発生したと手続きバリエーションは必要ありません。"- プライベート実践心理の"非常に数年間で、EMDRも進められている数多くの追加のアプリケーションとの（心的外傷後ストレス障害のための最も広く研究治療に奇妙な音新技術から成長してきた)....数最近のではなく、説得力のある研究が正当かつ強力な治療法としてEMDR確立している"-専門心理学-レビュー
"This journal praised the first edition of this book (1996 XVI #4, pp. 99-100) as a major contribution. This new edition is greatly expanded and updated, addressing many of the objections that some researchers have had to EMDR. The result is a step-by-step historical, theoretical, practical introduction to a useful adjunct for the treatment of phobia and post traumatic stress disorder."--Clinical Gerontologist PRAISE FOR THE FIRST EDITION "This pragmatic book is important as the definitive presentation of the EMDR method....Clinicians will welcome its detailed explanation....Several case examples and five annotated transcripts nicely illustrate subtleties in the method and the therapist's client-centered role."--Contemporary Psychology "The writing is clear with general guidelines balanced by exemplary case illustrations to illustrate specific procedures and sample phrases to be used by the therapist....The description of the benefits to be expected is balanced throughout by descriptions of the special precautions, possible side effects, difficult populations encountered and procedural variations needed."--Psychotherapy in Private Practice "In a very few years, EMDR has grown from a bizarre sounding new technique to the most extensively researched treatment for PTSD (with numerous additional applications also being pursued)....A number of recent, rather convincing studies have established EMDR as a legitimate and powerful treatment."--Professional Psychology -- Review
Accuracy Verified: Yes
2. スペイツ C.リチャード コッチ エレン I. [Spates, C. R., and Koch, E. I.] (2003). 眼球運動脱感作と再処理(Reprocessing)から表出(Exposure)セラピーまで : 共通するメカニズムへの証拠に対する再考と概観 [From eye movement desensitization and reprocessing to exposure therapy: A review of the evidence for shared mechanisms]. 行动分析学研究18（2）、62から76 [Japanese Journal of Behavior Analysis, 18(2), 62-76].
Language: Japanese
Format: Journal
Abstract:
心的外傷後ストレス障害は、（心的外傷後ストレス障害）のすべての文化と生涯を通じて人々に影響を与える条件である。診断実践心的外傷後ストレス障害の導入以来、多くの研究は、疫学、病態生理、心理的、生理的メカニズムだけでなく、その治療に対処しています。障害の行動製剤は、分野の研究をリードの間に浸透して、効果的な治療につながるなど、暴露療法するヒューリスティックを証明されています。眼球運動脱感作は、サービス（EMD/ R）の再処理は、この定式化から出発すると主張している最近開発された介入は、その有効性の実証的な支持を受けています。本記事では、眼球運動脱感作と再処理の行動策定を支持する証拠をレビューし、それが暴露療法と行動の一般的なメカニズムを共有していることを示唆している。以上の研究関心は心的外傷後ストレス障害より寛容と、クライアントと実務に受け入れられるのレンダリング露出ベースの治療法の検討方法に与えられるべきである。
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a condition that affects people in all cultures and throughout the lifespan. Since the introduction of posttraumatic stress disorder into diagnostic practice, a great deal of research has addressed its epidemiology, pathophysiology, and psychological and physiological mechanisms, as well as its treatment. A behavioral formulation of the disorder has prevailed among leading researchers in the field, and has proved heuristic in leading to efficacious treatments, e.g., exposure therapy. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMD/R), a recently developed intervention that claims to be a departure from this formulation, has received empirical support for its efficacy. The present article reviews the evidence supporting a behavioral formulation of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, and suggests that it shares common mechanisms of action with exposure therapy. Greater research attention should be given to examining ways of rendering exposure-based therapies for posttraumatic stress disorder more tolerant and acceptable to clients and practitioners. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Exposure Therapy Literature Review Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
3. 方新 [Fang Xin] (2005年{November]月). 精神创伤和EMDR [Psychotrauma and EMDR]. 論文發表在第四屆泛亞太地區心理衛生學術研討會論文 [Presentation at the 4th Asia Pacific Rim Regional Seminar on Mental Health].
Language: Chinese
Format: Conference
Abstract:
有关EMDR的简介EMDR培训项目演讲者将结合自己的许多病例来介绍这些理论，她还将示范如何使来访者趋于稳定的技术。有关EMDR的简介4EMDR培训项目演讲者将结合自己的许多病例来介绍这些理论，她还将示范如何使来访者趋于稳定的技术
For an introduction to EMDR. EMDR training program will combine their speakers to introduce many cases these theories, she will demonstrate how to make visitors stabilizing technology. For an introduction to 4EMDR EMDR training program will combine their speakers to introduce many cases these theories, she will demonstrate how to make visitors stabilizing technology.
Keywords: Trauma
Accuracy Verified: Yes
4. Βεντουράτου, Δ. [Ventouratos, D.]. (2009). Εισαγωγή στην ψυχοτραυματολογία και στην τραυματοθεραπεία. : Η μέθοδος - EMDR [Introduction to psychotraumatology and trauma treatment and EMDR]. Πεδίο εφαρμογής Εκδόσεων, Αθήνα, Ελλάδα [Field Publications, Athens, Greece] .
Language: Greek
Format: Book
Abstract:
Συχνά, όταν βρισκόμαστε αντιμέτωποι με μια αιφνίδια στρεσογόνο εμπειρία, νιώθουμε απειλή και ανημπόρια. Αν οι προσπάθειές μας να την ξεπεράσουμε ψυχικά δεν επαρκούν, δημιουργούνται μέσα μας εσωτερικά ρήγματα. Συνήθως παγώνουμε ή απωθούμε κάθε ανάμνηση και κάθε συναίσθημα που σχετίζονται με το τραυματικό βίωμα. Οι συνέπειες αυτής της απώθησης είναι διάφορα ψυχοσωματικά συμπτώματα, φοβίες ή κατάθλιψη.
Το βιβλίο εισάγει για πρώτη φορά τον αναγνώστη στα εξειδικευμένα πεδία της ψυχοτραυματολογίας και της τραυματοθεραπείας, που ασχολούνται με την αντιμετώπιση και εξάλειψη των τραυματικών βιωμάτων στους ανθρώπους: η ψυχοτραυματολογία συμμαχεί με το υγιές εγώ και χτίζει με προσοχή μια θεραπευτική σχέση εμπιστοσύνης με στόχο την επεξεργασία και αφομοίωση του τραυματικού βιώματος.
Στο βιβλίο εξετάζεται ειδικότερα η πρωτοποριακή μέθοδος ΕΜDR της Francine Shapiro, που αποτελεί ένα πολύ ισχυρό εργαλείο στα χέρια του έμπειρου κλινικού με θεαματικά αποτελέσματα. Με τη μέθοδο αυτή το τραυματικό βίωμα νοηματοδοτείται και παίρνει τη θέση του σαν ένα ακριβό μαργαριτάρι στον θησαυρό των εμπειριών του ατόμου.
Often, when faced with a sudden stressful experience, one feels threatened and helpless. If our efforts to overcome psychologically inadequate, created through our internal divides. Usually freeze or repelled every memory and every emotion associated with the traumatic experience. The effect of this repulsion is different psychosomatic symptoms, phobias or depression.
The book introduces for the first time the reader to specific areas of psychotrafmatologias and trafmatotherapeias, dealing with the treatment and elimination of traumatic experiences in people: the psychotrafmatologia allies with a healthy ego and carefully builds a therapeutic relationship of trust with the aim of treatment and assimilation of traumatic experiences.
In particular the book examines innovative method of EMDR Francine Shapiro, which is a very powerful tool in the hands of an experienced clinician with spectacular results. With this method, the traumatic experience and arises only takes its place as an expensive pearl in the treasure the experience of the individual.
Keywords: Psychotraumatology Trauma Treatment
Accuracy Verified: Yes
5. Cohen-Posey, K. (2004, December). Abreaction and reprocessing: The importance of defining terms. The EMDR Practitioner. Retrieved from http://www.emdr-practitioner.net on 12/27/2008.
Language: English
Format: Other
Abstract:
Chief Editor’s Introduction: We are delighted to publish Kate Cohen-Posey’s thoughts on the impact of the clinician’s perception of abreaction, especially as this relates to the practice of EMDR. Thanks to Kate for this thoughtful explanation, and for highlighting some key historic roots from which our current practices have evolved, and continue to! We wish her much success with her new book. -SEB [Editor's abstract]
Keywords: Abreaction
Accuracy Verified: Yes
6. Crow, C., & Sause, E. (2007, June). Accessing preverbal trauma for effective adult EMDR. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Recent research (Moberg, 2003, The Oxytocin Factor) indicates the potential of early pre-verbal trauma to set up biochemical and neurological responses which activate certain triggers. Since the touchstone event is pre-verbal, it is difficult to identify, but crucial in the resolution of later traumas resistant to full EMDR processing (Those who remain stuck at a greater than 0 SUDs). The antedotal experience is that this model can activate the material more fully and facilitate more thorough competion of phases 4-8. "Once upon a Time" contains every element of the EMDR Protocol in the prescribed order, Incident, Image, NC, PC, VOC, Emotion, SUD, Body sensation. This experimental model is not a substitute for standard EMDR. It facilitates access tohese preverbal traumas and the resultant cognitions which may have formed around them. It allows for a return to the standard EMDR protocol after this early material has been effectively targeted and reprocessed. "Once Upon a Time" model allows for fuller connection with early material. History is collected through antedotal information from third party informants and family photographs and is used to create a metaphor; this technique can access the multiple modalities of pre-verbal experience previously intellectualized. Phase three begins with a short continuation of Phase 1 using an interview format to review and briefly discuss the various elements of the troubling material. A "sentence completion" format is used to obtain the TICES elements. Those spontaneous answers form the script for a "Once Upon a Time" (Crow, 2004, EMDRIA Montreal, Canada), a deviation from Phase 4 of the standard protocol. Pertinent examples of the application of this model will be discussed and demonstrated with video taped excerpts of actual clients. Video taped client reports of the long term effect of the shifts resulting from the "Once Upon a Time" experience will provide validation that this technique enables retur to the standard EMDR protocol and full processing of previously incompletely processed material. Participants will create their own "Once Upon a Time" script from a video example of client history as an experiential introduction to the intricacies of this model. Evidence indicates that this technique is effective on a "consultant" basis, where the "Once Upon a Time" can be conducted by a separate therapist skilled in the technique, and returned to their regular EMDR therapist to complete this treatment. Currently a study is underway utilizing a pre/post text design (N=10) and statistical analysis of the results to measure the quantitative change within the client.
Keywords: Model Poster Preverbal Trauma Theory
Accuracy Verified: Yes
7. Descilo, T. (1999). Amelioration of death-related trauma with traumatic incident reduction (TIR) and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). In C. R. Figley (Ed.), Traumatology of grieving: conceptual, theoretical, and treatment foundations (pp. 153-182). Philadelphia: Brunner/Mazel.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
The author notes the significance of the child-adult system and the effects of the death of either person on the other. She describes two treatment approaches: traumatic incident resolution (TIR) and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Both approaches are reviewed, beginning with the theoretical model on which they are based. In a synthesis of both TIR and EMDR, the author offers "clinical traumatology skills" to overcome the potential bias introduced by the therapist. She discusses three focusing drills to develop practitioners' effectiveness in focusing on the most critical issues and procedures of trauma work. Acknowledgement and closure drills enable practitioners to more effectively end trauma work sessions. The author also discusses what effective trauma treatment should look like. These end points help assure both client and therapist that the distress associated with the memories has been removed permanently. After discussing the role of emotions in processing traumatic events, the chapter focuses on TIR and then EMDR regarding assessment and treatment procedures. This is followed by a discussion of what can go wrong when applying the treatment procedures. The chapter ends with presentation and discussion of a case example. [Adapted from Introduction]
Keywords: Assessment Bereavement Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Survivors TIR Traumatic Incident Reduction
Accuracy Verified: Yes
8. Descilo, T. (1999). Amelioration of death-related trauma with traumatic incident reduction (TIR) and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). In C. Figley (Ed.), Death-Related Trauma: Conceptual, Theoretical, and Treatemnt Foundations. London: Taylor & Francis.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract: The author notes the significance of the child-adult system and the effects of the death of either person on the other. She describes two treatment approaches: traumatic incident resolution (TIR) and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Both approaches are reviewed, beginning with the theoretical model on which they are based. In a synthesis of both TIR and EMDR, the author offers "clinical traumatology skills" to overcome the potential bias introduced by the therapist. She discusses three focusing drills to develop practitioners' effectiveness in focusing on the most critical issues and procedures of trauma work. Acknowledgement and closure drills enable practitioners to more effectively end trauma work sessions. The author also discusses what effective trauma treatment should look like. These end points help assure both client and therapist that the distress associated with the memories has been removed permanently. After discussing the role of emotions in processing traumatic events, the chapter focuses on TIR and then EMDR regarding assessment and treatment procedures. This is followed by a discussion of what can go wrong when applying the treatment procedures. The chapter ends with presentation and discussion of a case example. [Adapted from Introduction]
Keywords: Death Traumatic Incident Reduction
Accuracy Verified: Yes
9. Callipo, N. (2007-2008). Applicazioni del pensiero controfattuale negli esiti post-traumatici [Applications of counterfactual thinking in post-traumatic events]. Università degli Studi di Trieste, Italia.
Language: Italian
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract:
Applicazione del pensiero controfattuale negli esiti post-traumatici
1. Introduzione.
Il pensiero controfattuale è un processo che esprime la capacità di riflettere e
modificare gli scenari di situazioni da cui sarebbero potuti conseguire esiti differenti
dalla realtà. Nella quotidianità è comune che un sentimento di rammarico – il regret -
venga provato a seguito di una discrepanza tra i risultati attesi e la realtà.
La ricerca e l’esperienza condivisa dicono che, rilevare le differenze tra ciò che
avremmo voluto e ciò che abbiamo ottenuto, ci aiuta a pianificare azioni più efficaci nel
futuro. Tuttavia, in condizioni di elevato stress, come quello provato dopo un evento
indesiderato e traumatico, possono fare irruzione nella coscienza pensieri nella forma
“Se solo non fossi stato così…”, oppure “Se solo non avessi fatto” o “Se avessi fatto
qualcosa per evitare tutto ciò”; nel tentativo di annullare (undoing) idealmente le
conseguenze dell’accaduto. Questi pensieri controfattuali possono sortire l’effetto di
amplificare emozioni e sentimenti come il biasimo, la rabbia, la vergogna e il senso di
colpa. L’attitudine alla generazione automatica, indiscriminata e non finalizzata
all’azione, di domande e affermazioni ricorsive, può condensarsi in un particolare stile
di pensiero – la ruminazione – che sottende sensazioni di disagio diffuse e invalidanti,
come gli stati depressivi, ansiosi ed ossessivi.
La prima parte di questo lavoro è occupato da una rassegna sulle ricerche che,
inizialmente, pongono il pensiero controfattuale nel quadro delle più generali abilità di
problem-solving; successivamente, la prospettiva funzionale, riesce a farne risaltare il
versante adattivo, rilevante ai fini della regolazione degli stati affettivi e, più in
generale, del mantenimento della salute mentale.
Nella seconda parte viene discusso il ruolo del pensiero controfattuale, in relazione al
suo versante disfunzionale , con particolare riguardo agli esiti post-traumatici.
Nella terza parte vengono analizzati i modelli di elaborazione delle informazioni che
riconoscono un ruolo al pensiero controfattuale nella regolazione dell’umore, citando
alcuni paradigmi psicoterapeutici, tra cui l’Eye Movement Desensitization and
Reprocessing (EMDR), ideato da Francine Shapiro.
Per verificare l’applicazione del pensiero controfattuale nel trattamento degli esiti
post-traumatici sono stati riportati due esempi: uno tratto dalla letteratura sull’EMDR e
un caso di disturbo ansioso-depressivo, in trattamento con psicoterapia a orientamento
cognitivo.
Application of counterfactual thinking in a post-traumatic results. Introduction. The counterfactual thinking is a process that expresses the ability to reflect and change scenarios of situations that could have been large gains different from reality. In everyday life it is common that a feeling of regret - the regret - should be tried as a result of a discrepancy between expected results and reality. The research says that shared experience, point out the differences between what we wanted and what we have achieved, helps us to plan more effective actions in the future. However, under conditions of high stress, such as that experienced after a traumatic event and unwanted, they can break into the conscious thoughts in the form "If only I had not been so ..." or "If only I had not done" or "If I had done something to avoid anything "in an attempt to cancel (undoing) the ideal of what the consequences. These counterfactual thoughts may have the effect of amplifying emotions and feelings such as blame, anger, shame and guilt. The ability to generate automatic, indiscriminate and not action-oriented questions and statements recursive, it can condense into a particular style of thinking - rumination - that underlies feelings of discomfort common and disabling, such as depression, anxiety and obsessive . The first part of this work is occupied by a review of the research that initially pose the counterfactual thinking in the context of more general skills of problem-solving, since then the functional perspective, can bring out the side adaptive, relevant to the regulation of affective states and, more generally, of maintaining mental health. The second part discussed the role of counterfactual thinking, in relation to its dysfunctional side, especially with regard to post-traumatic results. In the third part analyzes the patterns of information processing that recognize a role in regulating mood counterfactual thinking, citing some psychotherapeutic paradigms, including eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), developed by Francine Shapiro. To test the application of counterfactual thinking in the treatment of post-traumatic results were two examples: one taken from the literature on EMDR and a case of anxiety-depressive disorder, treatment with cognitive-oriented psychotherapy.
Keywords: Counterfactual Thinking Informational Processing
Accuracy Verified: Yes
10. Veenstra, S., & de Roos, C. (2005, November). Behandeling van chronische pijn met EMDR [Treating chronic pain with EMDR]. Presentatie aan de eerste congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Ede, The Netherlands.
Language: Dutch
Format: Conference
Abstract:
In deze lezing staat de toepassing van EMDR bij de behandeling van chronische pijn centraal. Na een introductie over ‘pijn in het brein’ wordt aandacht besteed aan indicatiestelling: waarom en wanneer is EMDR geïndiceerd als behandeling voor chronische pijnpatiënten.
Verder worden de resultaten van een pilot-studie (drs. C. de Roos, Rivierduinen, Leiden; drs. A.C. Veenstra, St. Elisabeth Ziekenhuis, Tilburg; dr. Y.R. van Rood, Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum, Leiden) gepresenteerd. Deze studie werd uitgevoerd om het effect van Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing op chronische fantoompijn -na amputatie van een been- te onderzoeken. Tien patiënten werden behandeld tussen oktober 2003 en november 2004. Alle tien patiënten reageerden niet op eerdere pijnbehandelingen. Metingen vonden plaats voor en na de behandeling en bij een follow-up na 3 maanden.
Het derde deel van deze lezing is toegespitst op de toepassing van het EMDR pijnprotocol. Casuïstiek van patiënten met fantoompijn of post-whiplash klachten wordt geïllustreerd met videofragmenten.
In this lecture, the application of EMDR in the treatment of chronic pain center. After an introduction on "pain in the brain" focuses on needs assessment: why and when EMDR is indicated as a treatment for chronic pain patients.
Furthermore, the results of a pilot study (Drs C. Roos, Rivierduinen, Leiden, Dr AC Veenstra, St. Elisabeth Hospital, Tilburg, Dr YR van Rood, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden) presented. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing of chronic phantom pain after amputation of a leg to investigate. Ten patients were treated between October 2003 and November 2004. All ten patients did not respond to previous pain treatments. Measurements were performed before and after treatment and a follow-up after 3 months.
The third part of this lecture focuses on the application of the EMDR protocol pain. Case histories of patients with phantom pain or post-whiplash symptoms is illustrated with video clips.
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In this lecture, the application of EMDR in the treatment of chronic pain center. After an introduction on "pain in the brain" focuses on needs assessment: why and when EMDR is indicated as a treatment for chronic pain patients. Furthermore, the results of a pilot study (Drs C. Roos, Rivierduinen, Leiden, Dr AC Veenstra, St. Elisabeth Hospital, Tilburg, Dr YR van Rood, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden) presented. This study was conducted to investigate and evaluate the effect of Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing of chronic phantom pain after amputation of a leg. Ten patients were treated between October 2003 and November 2004. All ten patients did not respond to previous pain treatments. Measurements were performed before and after treatment and a follow-up after 3 months.The third part of this lecture focuses on the application of the EMDR protocol pain. Case histories of patients with phantom pain or post-whiplash symptoms is illustrated with video clips.
Keywords: Chronic Pain
Accuracy Verified: Yes
11. Laliotis, D. (2008, December). Beyond trauma: EMDR for everyday issues. Presentation at the National Institute for the Clinical Application of Behavioral Medicine Annual Conference, Hilton Head, SC.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Twenty years ago, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) began as a clinical technique used to help clients reprocess major traumatic experiences. Since then, EMDR has developed into a comprehensive psychotherapy approach which is also being used to treat low self-esteem, relationship difficulties, and performance issues not connected to major trauma but rather to early experiences that have not been adequately processed and integrated by the brain. This workshop is an introduction to the Eight-Phase Model of EMDR with an emphasis on how these early memories are powerful contributors to a person's current difficulties. Participants will learn through direct experience how present triggers can activate these earlier associations that inform our feelings, thoughts and behaviors. Through lecture, discussion, and videotape of actual cases, participants will gain an appreciation of EMDR as a comprehensive treatment approach and learn how it can be applied to a broad range of clinical issues with lasting results.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
12. Oh, D. H., & Park, Y. C. (2010, July). Bilateral eye movement: Changes brain default network functions in EMDR treatment. Poster presented at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Introduction: The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of bilateral eye movement as one of the important therapeutic
components through EEG analysis. We examined differences between pre-bilateral eye movement and post-bilateral eye
movement of normal healthy volunteers in scalp recorded EEGs in two different ways. First, we used qEEG to examine
differences in specific band frequencies after bilateral eye movement. Secondly, we utilized low-resolution electromagnetic
tomography (LORETA) source imaging (Pascual-Marqui et al., 1994) to explore the underlying neural generators of changed
EEG activity. Methods:32 college students participated in the study. EEG was recorded continuously during the experiment.
All participants experienced 3 blocks: 1) pre-experiment, eye-closed EEG in resting state, 2) stimuli condition (either eye
movement or fixation) and 3) post-experiment, eye-closed EEG in resting state. 32-channel, eyes-closed EEG (30 artifactfree
s/subject) was analyzed (source localization using FFT approximation and LORETA). Results: We demonstrated different
functional connectivity patterns of the precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex (Brodmann area 23, 31) between bilateral eye
movement and eye fixation phase. Conclusion: These results provided evidence to support that the bilateral eye movements
in EMDR procedure gives rise to the changes of ‘brain default network’, accompanied by the alteration of regional brain
electrical activity.
Keywords: Eye Movements Poster
Accuracy Verified: Yes
13. Seubert, A. (2010, April/May). The case of mistaken identity: EMDR, ego states and attachment in the treatment of eating disorders. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR Canada, Toronto, Ontario.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
In this workshop the presenter explores the presence of dissociation in clients with eating disorders, particularly anorexia nervosa. The approach described employs an EMDR phase model, with expanded evaluation and preparation phases. The extended preparation discussed includes a 4-step method of teaching emotional competence, an introduction to body awareness, and the use of ego state therapy with the disordered part(s). Processing typically requires attachment repair, as well as the ability to titrate released disturbance and re-stabilize after EMDR application to touchstone events. Video clips, case studies and case reviews will reinforce learning.
Keywords: Attachment Eating Disorders Ego States
Accuracy Verified: Yes
14. Goldman, J., & Coane, J. (2010, October). A case of strategic collaboration: Two therapists and one DDNOS patient in end phase treatment. Presenttion at the 27th Annual Meeting of the International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation, Atlanta, GA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
A colleague, experienced in DID treatment, was
invited to collaborate by the primary therapist in the
end phase of treatment to facilitate patient movement
through the introduction of EMDR. The nature of the
collaborative relationship, its influence on transference
and countertransference, the contribution of the
different genders of the two therapists, as well as
issues of launching the patient more fully into adult
life as influenced by the collaboration will be explored. The rationale for introducing EMDR as well as its specific contribution will be explicated. The argument for therapeutic collaboration, as related to the patients
history and treatment process, will also be addressed.
Participants will be able to :
♦♦ List the indications for initiating adjunctive treatment.
♦♦ assess the effects of collaboration.
♦♦ appraise the treatment trajectory to decide
when to bring in another modality.
Keywords: DDNOS
Accuracy Verified: Yes
15. Struik, A. (2009). Casus 18 – Getraumatiseerd door een eigen misdrijf: Behandeling van een 15-jarig meisje dat vrijkomt uit de jeugdgevangenis [Case 18 – Traumatized by my own crime: Treatment of a 15-year-old girl who is realeased from a youth detention center]. In H. K. Hornsveld & S. Berendsen (Eds.), Casusboek EMDR, 25 voorbeelden uit de praktijk (1st Ed.), (pp. 259-264). Houten: Bohn Stafleu Van Loghum. doi:10.1007/978-90-313-7358-1_26.
Language: Dutch
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
Gea is een meisje van 15 jaar met PDD-NOS (een stoornis in het autistisch spectrum; zie kader in de inleiding bij deel VI), waarvoor ze in behandeling is binnen de kinder- en jeugdpsychiatrie. Ze heeft gesprekken met een van mijn collega's waarin psycho-educatie centraal staat. Haar ouders hebben ouderbegeleiding omte leren omgaanmet de handicap van hun dochter. Gea leeft in haar eigen wereld en het is voor haar moeilijk om zich in te leven in gedachten en gevoelens van de mensen om haar heen. Ze reageert vaak vanuit haar eigen behoeften en gevoelens op anderen.
Gea is a girl of 15 years with PDD-NOS (a disorder in the autistic spectrum, see box in the introduction to Part VI), which it is pending in the juvenile and adolescent psychiatry. She talks with one of my colleagues that psychological education is central. Her parents learn to parent guidance omte omgaanmet their daughter's disability. Gea lives in her own world and it is difficult for her to act to live in thoughts and feelings of the people around her. She often responds from its own needs and feelings to others.
Keywords: Adolescents Crime Detention Center PDD-NOS
Accuracy Verified: Yes
16. Beer, R., & de Roos, C. (2005, October). Children and adolescents: EMDR for children and adolescents, applications on acute and chronic trauma. Presentation at the 1st European Society for Trauma and Dissociation Conference, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
After a theoretical introduction to EMDR, this workshop will focus on several applications on acute and chronic trauma. Due to the complexity
of problems related to chronic traumatisation, attention will also be focussed on how to embed EMDR in an overall treatment plan. Case
material and video fragments will illustrate this workshop.
Keywords: Acute Trauma Adolescents Children Chronic Trauma
Accuracy Verified: Yes
17. Greenwald, R. (1995, June). Children-case presentations. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
One major limitation of EMDR is that it is an individual treatment modality. However, individual treatment of a child may be
insuflicient, and broader interventions are often required. This is especially likely when environmental forces are unsupportive or in
opposition to the healing process. This presentation will focus on the use of EMDR on several levels in child treatment, including
individual treatment of traumatic memories, enhancing family support for healing, and addressing family obstacles to healing.
Format will include lecture, vignettes, and a video case presentation of the EMDR treatment of a young girl who had been raped by
a babysitter, along with the EMDR treatment of her older brother who bullied her.
Assessment of child problems includes consideration of many factors. The focus here will be on the child's trauma history, and on
the current family situation it pertains to treatment of the child's traumatic memories. Methods of assessment addressed here include
interview of the child and the parent, observation of family interactions, and observation of the child's progress, both during and after
EMDR treatment.
A number of interventions are available to enhance or augment individual EMDR treatment of the child. Vignettes will be
presented to illustrate the following interventions: referral to family therapy when successful EMDR highlighted the symptom's
functional role; EMDR with a parent to reduce reactivity to the child; and prompting the parent(s) to produce statements and
behaviors to be used later as content for installations.
A challenging case will be presented in which a family, though motivated, demonstrated a number of behaviors which threatened to
undermine the child's treatment. The family consisted of a single father in his late twenties, an eight year-old boy, and a seven-yearold
girl. The presenting problem was the girl's ongoing post-traumatic symptoms, particularly nightmares and social withdrawal,
some two years after having been raped by a babysitter. (the boy also had social and behavioral problems in school.) Unfortunately,
the "lessons" of the girl's traumatic experience were frequently reinforced in the family context, through the brother's bullying of his
younger sister, the father's complicity in the bullying, and the father's own tendency to be overly controlling and threatening.
Treatment began with two family sessions and one with the father alone. The next three sessions were split to provide some
individual time for each child as well as for the father. The seventh, final session included a family meeting and then some time for
each individual. Work with the father was difficult and slow, as he was very defensive regarding his own possible contributions to
his children's problems. Early interventions included delicate attempts to help the father understand the effect of his yelling and
threatening - even though he was no longer in the habit of physically striking his children. Meanwhile, in part to enhance the
therapeutic alliance, the primary focus was on direct treatment of the children. Some of this is shown on video.
The girl was asked to draw a picture of her bad dream, and then to draw it "all better." She first drew a dark picture of a large man
with fangs dripping blood. The next picture was of a nicer man on a sunny day. This activity was used as part of her introduction to
the upcoming EMDR work. In the next session she agreed to do EMDR and completed processing in 25 minutes. The following
session she indicated that the memory was no longer disturbing, and many of the symptoms had disappeared. She began to raise her
next concern, by playing with a doll and a baby bottle, and complaining that she did not get to see her mother enough.
Over the same three sessions the boy was also treated with EMDR for a number of relatively minor traumatic memories, including a
car accident, the loss of two pets, and a vision of the devil. Despite apparently successfull processing, he was unable to conclude that
he was a "good boy," due to evidence to the contrary: memories of his father's anger at him. Cognitive interweave was used to
access a sense of inner goodness. The bullying behavior reportedly disappeared both at home and at school, and he also moved on,
to express concerns about missing his mother.
Treatment was interrupted due to a change in insurance coverage, so continued treatment and follow-up was not accomplished. This
case illustrates some ways that EMDR can be enlisted to address aspects of the family context which may constitute obstacles to
healing. The girl's brother was treated with EMDR to reduce his mistreatment of her; and the boy's sense of badness, largely gained
by interaction with his father, was overcome by accessing internal resources in the absence of parental support. In conclusion,
EMDR can play multiple roles in both the diagnosis and treatment of family obstacles to healing.
Keywords: Case Presentations Children
Accuracy Verified: Yes
18. Wizansky, B. (2007). A clinical vignette: Resource connection in EMDR work with children. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 1(1), 57-61. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.1.1.57 .
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
A vignette is a brief case report that makes a contribution to the literature, but which has used only EMDR's standard protocol measures. This vignette describes a procedure for drawing on and strengthening a child's resources in all phases of EMDR treatment. The procedure facilitates the connection to more authentic and meaningful inner resources that come directly from the child's world, thus strengthening the positive memory networks so that these are available for the child to access when processing his/her traumatic material. Three separate cases are described to illustrate the application. [Author Introduction]
Keywords: Israelis Psychotherapeutic Processes School Age Children Stressors Survivors
Accuracy Verified: Yes
19. Makinson, R. A., & Young, J. S. (2012, April). Cognitive behavioral therapy and the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: Where counseling and neuroscience meet. Journal of Counseling & Development, 90(2), 131-140. doi:10.1111/j.1556-6676.2012.00017.x .
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
There is increasing evidence to support the biological basis of mental disorders. Subsequently, understanding the neurobiological context from which mental distress arises can help counselors appropriately apply cognitive behavioral therapy and other well-researched cognitive interventions. The purpose of this article is to describe the neurobiological context underlying the formation and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorders, a mental disorder frequently encountered by counselors, from a cognitive therapy framework.
Recent changes to the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (2009) accreditation standards include the need for counselors-in-training to understand the neurobiological basis of behavior, which marks a new direction for the training of professional counselors who have historically reacted ambivalently toward medical models for understanding client concerns and treatments. Yet recent findings in neuroscience actually support the verbally based interventions that counselors typically use in treatment; therefore, there is much to be gained by counselors and counselor educators in understanding the basics of human neurobiology and how commonly used counseling interventions intervene on these biological systems. The National Institute of Mental Health (2010) stated in a recent strategic plan that “Important discoveries in areas such as genetics, neuroscience, and behavioral science largely account for the substantial gains in knowledge that have helped us to understand the complexities of mental illnesses and behavioral disorders over the past 15 years” (“Introduction,” para. 4).
Given the increasingly biological focus of mental health research, the practicing counselor is faced with the task of understanding and using the emerging mental health treatments and explaining to clients, to reimbursing agencies, and to the broader public how counseling fits within the medically dominated mental health culture. Some counselors have long reacted ambivalently toward the pathologically oriented diagnostic categories of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV;American Psychiatric Association, 1994) system and the medication-dominated world of psychiatry. For example, the contrasting viewpoints on this issue were published in the Journal of Counseling & Development between Allen and Mary Ivey (1998, 1999) and Scott Hinkle (1999). Ivey and Ivey (1998) argued for a developmental interpretation to the DSM-IV, opposing what they called the “pathological view” (p. 334) of the manual. According to Ivey and Ivey, disorders could be viewed through a positive development tradition to lie not within the individual but within the contextual systems in which a person lives. Subsequently, disorders are viewed as a “logical response to a developmental history” (Ivey & Ivey, 1999, p. 484). By contrast, Hinkle (1999) argued that because anxiety and depressive disorders “are the most common clinical symptoms associated with presentation to counseling” (p. 475), the counseling profession is weakened if counselors shy away from direct participation in the DSM nomenclature and treatment parlance. As Hinkle indicated, “mental disorders according to the medical model describe disease processes, not people” (p. 475). Regardless of the reader's philosophical perspective, practicing counselors know participation in medical and psychiatric systems is necessary at times. Also, recent discoveries in the field of neuroscience are providing evidence that interventions often used by counselors have direct physiological impact on client neurobiology (Kennedy et al., 2007; Linden, 2006). For example, Felmingham et al. (2007) demonstrated significant differences in brain activity before and after 8 weeks of exposure therapy, which correlated with a reduction in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity. Similarly, Paquette et al. (2003) found that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) alters the activation and metabolism of specific brain regions following successful treatment of spider phobia. These findings, along with others (for a detailed review, see Beauregard, 2007; Frewen, Dozois, & Lanius, 2008), are significant because they support the techniques, interventions, and approaches used by counselors and provide a mechanism by which counseling positively affects brain physiology. Within the emerging physiologically based treatment milieu, counselors should be prepared to articulate how cognitive counseling interventions make measurable changes to the client. Although cognitive-behavioral-based approaches are effective in the treatment of a number of psychiatric illnesses, adult PTSD is arguably one of the best understood mental disorders from a neurological perspective. It thus presents a valuable model for exploring not only the basic tenets of neurobiology but also the mechanisms behind its successful treatment. Furthermore, PTSD is a disorder that counselors will likely encounter in practice.
PTSD is a mental disorder characterized by a sudden onset of symptoms due to environmental exposure to a psychologically stressful event such as war, natural disaster, or sexual victimization. Thus, it provides a clear example of how, even in adulthood, neurological adaptation (in this case maladaptive changes) can functionally “rewire” the brain in a short period of time, resulting in a sustained array of clinical symptoms. The diagnostic criteria for PTSD are a history of exposure to a traumatic event meeting two criteria and symptoms from each of three symptom clusters: intrusive recollections, avoidant/numbing symptoms, and hyperarousal symptoms. A fifth criterion concerns duration of symptoms and a sixth assesses functioning (American Psychiatric Association, 2000).
The National Comorbidity Survey Replication, conducted between February 2001 and April 2003 (Kessler et al., 2005), determined that the estimated lifetime prevalence of PTSD among American adults is 6.8%, with women (9.7%) twice as likely as men (3.6%) to have the disorder at some point in their lives. These findings are very similar to those of the first National Comorbidity Survey conducted in the early 1990s (Kessler, Sonnega, Bromet, Hughes, & Nelson, 1995), which was composed of interviews of a representative national sample of 8,098 Americans ages 15 to 54 years. In this earlier sample, the estimated prevalence of lifetime PTSD was 7.8% in the general population. As in the more recent survey, women (10.4%) were more than twice as likely as men (5%) to have PTSD at some point in their lives (Kessler et al., 2005; Kessler et al., 1995).
Keywords: CBT Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Neurobiological Basis of Behavior Neurobiology Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
20. Ho, M. S. K., & Lee, C. W. (2012). Cognitive behaviour therapy versus eye movement desensitization and reprocessing for post-traumatic disorder: Is it all in the homework then?. Revue Européenne De Psychologie Appliquée/European Review of Applied Psychology, 62(4), 253-260. doi:10.1016/j.erap.2012.08.001.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Introduction:
Treatment of choice for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is either eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) or trauma-focused cognitive behaviour therapy (TFCBT).
Objective:
The aim of the present meta-analysis was to determine whether there are any differences between these two treatments with respect to efficacy and efficiency in treating PTSD.
Method:
We performed a comprehensive literature search using several electronic search engines as well as manual searches of other review papers. Eight original studies involving 227 participants were identified in this manner.
Results:
There were no differences between EMDR and TFCBT on measures of PTSD. However, there was a significant advantage for EMDR over TFCBT in reducing depression (Hedge's g = 0.63). The analysis also indicated a difference in the prescribed homework between the treatments. Meta-regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between hours of homework and gains in depression and PTSD symptoms.
Conclusion: These findings are discussed in terms of efficacy and cost-effectiveness and the use of homework in therapy.
Keywords: CBT Cognitive Behavior Therapy Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
21. Hartung, J. G., & Galvin, M. D. (2002). Combining eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) and energy therapies. In F. P. Gallo (Ed.), Energy psychology in psychotherapy: A comprehensive sourcebook (1st ed) (pp. 179-197) NewYork: W. W. Norton.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract: Observing that there has been a rapid increase in the number of practitioners trained in both eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) and the energy psychotherapies, the authors describe ways to combine these modalities to increase their effectiveness. Topics include correcting psychological reversals prior to initiating and during EMDR; muscle testing with EMDR; EMDR along with energy therapies to limit the severity and disruption of abreaction, dissociation, "looping," and blocking beliefs; treatment of addiction; using one method to further client receptivity to use of the other; self-use of EMDR and the energy techniques; and, among others, energy training for paraprofessional crisis teams for use in residential programs with EMDR clients. [Adapted from Introduction]
Keywords: Energy Psychotherapy Latin Americans Psychotherapeutic Processes Stressors Survivors TFT Thought Field Therapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
22. Bergmann, U. (2012). Consciousness examined: An introduction to the foundations of neurobiology for EMDR. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 6(3), 87-91. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.6.3.87.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
The human mind is difficult to investigate, but the biological foundations of the mind, especially consciousness, are generally regarded as the most daunting. In this article, excerpted from the book Neurobiological Foundations for EMDR Practice (Bergmann, 2012), we introduce and outline aspects of consciousness, information processing, and their relationship to eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). We examine consciousness with respect to three characteristics: unity of perception and function, subjectivity, and prediction. The relationship of these characteristics to EMDR is examined.
Keywords: Consciousness Information Processing Neurobiology Prediction
Accuracy Verified: Yes
23. Jongedijk, R. A., Gersons, B. P. R., & ter Heide, F. J. J. (2011, Het Voorjaar). De behandeling van complexe ptss-patiënten: Traumagerichte therapieën [The treatment of complex PTSD patients: Trauma-focused therapies]. Presentatie op het 39ste Voorjaarscongres Nederlandse Vereniging voor Psychiatrie, Amsterdam op het 39ste Voorjaarscongres Nederlandse Vereniging voor Psychiatrie, Amsterdam .
Language: Dutch
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Bij de behandeling van
complexe ptss-patiënten wordt niet altijd de evidence-
based behandeling toegepast, zoals die wordt
beschreven in de richtlijnen. Doorgaans is de
mening, dat stabilisatie het enige mogelijke is
vanwege gevaar voor psychische decompensatie.
Inmiddels is voldoende evidentie, dat traumagerichte
therapieën ook bij complexe ptsspatiënten
mogelijk en effectief zijn.
Doel: In deze bijblijfsessie zal worden
betoogd, dat evidence-based traumagerichte behandeling
bij complexe ptss-patiënten mogelijk en
wenselijk is. Aandacht zal worden besteed aan
moeilijkheden en mogelijkheden bij deze groep
patiënten.
Methoden: Na een algemene inleiding
over de richtlijnen voor psychotherapeutische
behandeling van ptss en over complexe ptss (R.
Jongedijk), zullen vervolgens presentaties worden
gegeven over drie evidence-based behandelvormen
voor ptss, te weten het Kort Eclectisch Protocol
voor ptss (kep; B. Gersons), narratieve exposure
therapy (net; R. Jongedijk) en eye movement desensitisation
and reprocessing (emdr; J. ter Heide).
Expliciet zal worden ingegaan op de moeilijkheden
en mogelijkheden van deze therapievormen
bij complexe ptss-patiënten. De aanpassingen in
de behandeling voor deze groep patiënten zal worden besproken. Na de voordrachten zal er tijd zijn voor vragen
en discussie.
Resultaten: Er is een duidelijk overzicht
gegeven van drie evidence-based psychotherapievormen
voor ptss. Voor de complexe groep
ptss-patiënten zijn de eventuele aanpassingen
aan de standaardprocedures van de behandeling
aan bod gekomen.
Aangetoond is dat deze behandelvormen
goed toepasbaar zijn bij complexe ptss-patiënten.
Conclusie: Evidence-based behandeling
van complexe ptss-patiënten door middel van
traumagerichte psychotherapie heeft doorgaans
de voorkeur. De deelnemer van de bijblijfsessie
heeft kennis genomen van drie evidence-based
behandelvormen voor ptss en kent de moeilijkheden
en mogelijkheden om deze toe te passen bij
complexe ptss-patiënten.
In the treatment of complex PTSD patients is not always evidence-based treatment applied as described in the guidelines. Typically, the view that stabilization is the only possible because of risk of psychological decompensation. Meanwhile, sufficient evidence that trauma-focused therapies even for complex ptsspatiënten possible and effective. Purpose: This bijblijfsessie will be argued that evidence-based trauma-focused treatment for complex PTSD patients is possible and desirable. Consideration will be given to problems and opportunities in this patient group. Methods: After a general introduction about the guidelines for psychotherapeutic treatment of PTSD and complex PTSD (R. Jongedijk) will then presentations are given on three evidence-based treatments for PTSD, namely the short Eclectic Protocol for PTSD (kep; B . Gersons), narrative exposure therapy (net; R. Jongedijk) and Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR, J. Heide). Will explicitly address the difficulties and possibilities of this therapy are patients with complex PTSD. The adjustments in the treatment of these patients will be discussed. After the presentations there will be time for questions and discussion. Results: There is a clear overview of three evidence-based forms of psychotherapy for PTSD. For the complex group of PTSD patients, the adjustments to the standard procedures of treatment addressed. It has been demonstrated that these therapies are well applicable for complex PTSD patients. Conclusion: Evidence-based treatment of complex PTSD patients by trauma-focused psychotherapy is usually preferred. The participant of bijblijfsessie has noted three evidence-based treatments for PTSD and knows the difficulties and possibilities to apply it in complex PTSD patients.
Keywords: Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Complex PTSD C-PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
24. van Arkel, E. P. M., & Baas, A. M. (2008, Juni). De rol van het op afstand beleven en het herbeleven in eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) [The role of the remote experience and relive in eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR)]. Utrecht, Nederlands: Universiteit Utrecht.
Language: Dutch
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract:
Dit onderzoek was voor ons zowel een eerste kennismaking met Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) als een eerste kennismaking met het klinische werkveld. Naast het leerzame traject van het onderzoek zelf, waren deze aspecten een speciale aanvulling op onze scriptie. Wij hebben dan ook met veel enthousiasme aan deze scriptie gewerkt en ons op verschillende gebieden breder ontwikkeld. Wij zijn voornamelijk blij dat wij „op de valreep van onze studie‟ nog kennis hebben mogen maken met de behandelmethode EMDR. Het is een behandelmethode die wij in onze verdere loopbaan binnen de psychologie zeker mee zullen nemen. Onze dank gaat uit naar de therapeuten en cliënten die mee wilden werken aan dit onderzoek. Zonder deze medewerking was dit onderzoek immers niet tot stand gekomen! Daarnaast willen wij graag onze begeleidster mw. dr. H.K. Hornsveld bedanken voor het overbrengen van haar enthousiasme voor EMDR en al haar op- en aanmerkingen op ons onderzoek. Mede dankzij haar is dit onderzoek goed afgerond en is ons enthousiasme gegroeid.
This study gave us both a first encounter with Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) as a first introduction to the clinical field. Besides the educational process of research itself, these issues were a special addition to our thesis. We also have enthusiastically worked on this paper and our wider development in various fields. We are especially pleased that we are "at the very end of our study" may even be familiar with the EMDR treatment method. It is a treatment that in our careers in psychology will certainly take it. Our thanks go to the therapists and clients who wanted participate in this study. Without this cooperation, this research was not realized! In addition, we want our companion mw. Dr. H.K. Hornsveld thanks for transferring her enthusiasm for EMDR and all her observations and comments on our research. Partly thanks to her that this study is well rounded and our enthusiasm grew.
Keywords: Desensitization, Distancing Reliving Vividness
Accuracy Verified: Yes
25. McCammon, S. L., & Allison, E. J. (1995). Debriefing and treating emergency workers. In C. R. Figley (Ed.), Compassion fatigue: Coping with secondary traumatic stress disorder in those who treat the traumatized (pp. 115-130). New York: Brunner/Mazel.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
Chapter 6 emphasizes the importance of promoting trauma resolution and healthy coping strategies in emergency workers. Strategies that can be implemented before, during, and after a traumatic event are summarized. Pretrauma interventions include the use of a stress audit, training regarding stress and its management, and policy development.During a traumatic event, interventions include orientation to the trauma site, on-scene support, demobilization, and debriefing. Common elements among the several debriefing models described include the structuring of opportunities to review the events of the traumatic situation and to ventilate feelings, the learning of skills for integrating and mastering the event, and obtaining assistance in identifying, enlisting, and accepting help from one's support system. Post-trauma activities include individual follow-up sessions, the use of experimental procedures such as eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, and attention to anniversaries of traumatic events. A decade of anecdotal reports testifies to the effectiveness of debriefing and provides helpful insights into working with emergency responders. Currently, research efforts are under way to assess systematically the impact of debriefing. Future research should address the mediating effect of emergency workers' coping behaviors and cognitions. [Introduction, p. xix]
Keywords: Adults Critical Incidence Stress Debriefing CISD Education Medical Personnel Prevention Emergency Personnel Self-Help Techniques Vicarious Traumatization
Accuracy Verified: Yes
26. Besson, J., Eap, C., Khazaal, Y., Montagrin, Y., Rihs-Middel, M., Simon, O., Tissot, H., Tomei, A., Zumwald, C., Zullino, D. (2008, Janvier). Dépendances [Addictions]. Revue Medicale Suisse, 4(139).
Language: French
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Cette année, les commentaires de la toxicomanie met en évidence cinq aspects, dans une perspective bio-psycho-sociale: (1) La relation entre la méthadone et de cardiotoxicité. (2) L'introduction de la désensibilisation des mouvements oculaires et retraitement (EMDR). (3) L'apparition d'une pharmacothérapie possible spécifique pour le jeu excessif. (4) Une meilleure connaissance de la relation entre le cannabis et les psychoses. (5) La résistance au traitement dans la relation médecin-patient.
This year reviews on the addictions emphasizes five aspects, on a bio-psycho-social perspective: (1) The relationship between methadone and cardiotoxicity. (2) The introduction of Eye Movement Desensibilization and Reprocessing (EMDR). (3) The apparition of a possible specific pharmacotherapy for excessive gambling. (4) A better knowledge of the relationship between cannabis and psychoses. (5) Resistance to treatment in the doctor-patient relationship.
Keywords: Addiction Cadiotoxicity Cannabis Gambling Methadone Psychoses
Accuracy Verified: Yes
27. Marcela, L., & Lemus, G. (2008, December). Desensibilización y reprocesamiento con movimientos oculares [Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing]. Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría, 37(Supplement 7). .
Language: Spanish
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Introducción: La técnica de desensibilización y reprocesamiento con movimientos oculares (EMDR, por sus iniciales en inglés) es un método terapéutico relativamente reciente que ha mostrado efi cacia en el tratamiento de diferentes entidades psiquiátricas y somáticas. Se postula que sus resultados se logran a través de cambios en el proceso de almacenamiento de recuerdos y en las respuestas físicas y emocionales relacionadas. Objetivo: Describir las características principales de la EMDR y sus aplicaciones. Método: Revisión de la literatura. Desarrollo y conclusiones: La EMDR es una técnica útil para el tratamiento de una gran variedad de trastornos psiquiátricos y somáticos. Se han descrito algunas reacciones adversas, lo cual resalta la importancia de elegir adecuadamente los pacientes candidatos a ser tratados con esta terapia.
Introduction: The Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing technique (EMDR) is a relatively new treatment method that has shown to be effective in treating different psychiatric and somatic entities. It is postulated that its results are achieved through changes in the process of memory storing and in the related physical and emotional responses. Objective: To describe the main characteristics of EMDR and its applications. Method: Literature review. Development and conclusions: EMDR is a useful technique in the treatment of a large series of psychiatric and somatic disorders. Some adverse reactions have been described and this stresses the importance of selecting adequately those patients to be treated with this therapy.
Keywords: Desensitization Eye Movement Psychiatric Disorders
Accuracy Verified: Yes
28. Siegel, D. J. (2002). The developing mind and the resolution of trauma: Some ideas about information processing and an interpersonal neurobiology of psychotherapy. In F. Shapiro (Ed.), EMDR as an integrative psychotherapy approach: Experts of diverse orientations explore the paradigm prism (1st ed.) (pp. 85-121). Washington: American Psychological Association.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
This chapter provides an overview of an interdisciplinary approach to understanding the nature of the developing mind and how the unresolved effects of trauma may be resolved within psychotherapy. Following is a brief background of my introduction to eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) and Francine Shapiro, the founder and a leading pioneer in the field of EMDR.My work comes from an interdisciplinary approach that combines numerous independent fields, including attachment theory and research, cognitive neuroscience, complexity theory, developmental psychology and psychopathology, genetics, psycholinguistics, and the study of trauma. By weaving the findings from these varied disciplines together with clinical work as a child psychiatrist, I developed a conceptual framework that was published as a book, "The Developing Mind: Toward a Neurobiology of Interpersonal Experience" (1999). This chapter offers a brief overview of this work and highlights ways in which this interpersonal neurobiology approach may help in understanding some possible mechanisms underlying trauma and its resolution. [Text, pp. 85, 86]
Keywords: Adults Cognitive Processes Neurobiology Psychotherapeutic Processes Stressors Survivors
Accuracy Verified: Yes
29. Hase, M. [2003]. Die "wenig belastende beispielerinnerung“: Ein beitrag zur EMDR-behandlungsplanung [The "little stress as memory": A contribution to EMDR treatment planning]. Biespielerinnerung, Michael Hase.
Language: German
Format: Other
Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) ist eine sehr wirksame
Therapiemethode in der Behandlung der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung, assozierter
Störungen und anderer psychischer Störungen. Das Modell der adaptiven
Informationsverarbeitung stellt einen theoretischen Rahmen bereit, um die Wirkung des EMDR
zu erklären und bietet im Sinne eines Krankheitsmodells Anleitung zur Diagnostik und
Behandlungsplanung. EMDR ist ein manualisiertes Verfahren und die Berücksichtung der
vorgeschlagenen Protokolle und Prozeduren ist für einen Behandlungserfolg essentiell. Die
phasenorientierte Behandlungsplanung nimmt in der Therapie traumatisierter Menschen generell
einen hohen Stellenwert ein und ist auch für eine EMDR-Therapie sehr wichtig. Die Bearbeitung
einer „wenig belastenden Beispielerinnerung“ in der Frühphase einer EMDR-Therapie bietet
einen guten Einstieg in die sich anschließende Traumabearbeitung und ist besonders in der Arbeit
mit akut Traumatisierten und komplexen Störungsbildern hilfreich.
Summary:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a very effective
Method of therapy in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder, an associate
Disorders and other mental disorders. The model of adaptive
Information processing provides a theoretical framework to evaluate the effect of EMDR
explain and offer guidance in terms of a disease model for the diagnosis and
Treatment planning. EMDR is a manualized procedures and the consideration of the
proposed protocols and procedures is essential for a successful treatment. The
phase-oriented treatment planning in general it will in the treatment of traumatized people
of great value and is also responsible for EMDR therapy is very important. The processing
a "little strain as memory" in the early stages of an EMDR therapy offers
a good introduction to the subsequent trauma and is particularly in the work
helpful with acute and complex trauma disorders.
Keywords: Treatment Planning
Accuracy Verified: Yes
30. Hase, M. H. (2003). Die wenig belastende beispielerinnerung: Ein einstieg in die traumazentrierte arbeit mit EMDR [The least stressful memories example: An introduction to the trauma-centered work with EMDR]. EMDRIA Deutschland Rundbrief, (1), 13-15.
Language: German
Format: Newsletter
Keywords: Trauma
Accuracy Verified: Yes
31. Staemmler, F. M. (2004, Spring). Editorial. International Gestalt Journal, 27(1), 5-7.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
The article gives an introduction to the papers included in the present issue of "International Gestalt Journal". Spurred by the positive feedback we have received for the last two volumes of our journal the editorial board has once again made a special effort to provide our readers with interesting material. The contribution by Stephan Tobin (see record 2004-19782-003) addresses an issue that has gained great attention in recent years: the therapy of trauma. In his paper Tobin outlines his idea of an integration of EMDR and relational gestalt therapy. Dan Bloom's (see record 2004-19782-005)paper describes the development of the world's first gestalt therapy institute, which has been one of the major sources of gestalt therapy and its vicissitudes over the course of half a century. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Editorial Emotional Trauma Multimodal Treatment Approach Neurophysiology Physiology Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychological Stress
Accuracy Verified: Yes
32. Rusthton, A. (2010, January). Editorial. Clinical Child Psychology & Psychiatry, 15(1), 3-4. doi:10.1177/1359104509345879 .
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
An introduction to the journal is presented in which the editor discusses an article on Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) to children after a motor vehicle accident by Kemp and colleagues, treatment manual for trauma-exposed youth by Carrion and Hull, and parent and child adaptation to childhood chronic illness by Gannoni and Shute.
Keywords: Children Chronc Illness Editorial Motor Vehicle Accident Treatment Manual
Accuracy Verified: Yes
33. Schneider, K. J. (2012, October). Editor’s Commentary. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 52(4), 372-374. doi:10.1177/0022167812451236.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
An introduction is presented in which the editor expresses gratitude to two authors who have contributed to the journal and discusses various reports published within the issue including one by David Shumaker on existential-integrative therapy with adolescents, another by Jamie Marich on eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR) treatment and one by Rachel Starr on validity in therapeutic inquiry..
Keywords: Therapeutics
Accuracy Verified: Yes
34. Coch , I. (2012, June). The effects of trauma on gender. Poster presented at the annual meeting of EMDR Europe, Madrid, Spain.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: The main aim of this work is primarily centred on the concept of trauma (PK and PS) and their influences to the psychological parameters of the population. In order to understand these relations, the study is split in two parts. First, whether there could be some type of correlation between trauma with some other variables (HY, MF, D and Es) or not. And, to analyse any similarities and differences in relation to trauma arising from within the two groups, female and male.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
35. Kristjansdottir, H., Blondahl, M., Sigurosson, E., Sigurosson, J. F., & Salkovskis, P. M. (2011, August-September). Efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy in the treatment of mood and anxiety disorders in adults - Review. Presentation at the 41st EABCT annual conference, Reykjavík, Iceland.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Introduction: Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) represents
the form of psychotherapy which has the most research data to
build on in the treatment of mental disorders for adults.
Method: In this review we will introduce CBT and present the
results of pertinent outcome research for mood and anxiety
disorders. Efficacy at the end of the treatment will be discussed,
as well as long term effectiveness and the efficacy of combined
treatment with medication and CBT
Results: The results of this review show that CBT is an effective
treatment for mood and anxiety disorders; depression,
dysthymnia, GAD, panic disorder, social phobia, OCD, PTSD and
specific phobia. Results of follow-up studies also show that the
efficacy of CBT lasts for a considerable time after the termination
of treatment. CBT is more effective than other forms of
psychotherapy except for behaviour activation and interpersonal
therapy in treatment for depression and EMDR in treatment for
PTSD. When CBT is compared with medication (SSRI) results
reveal that CBT is as effective or more effective than medication.
This is true except for the treatment of dysthymnia, especially
when the long-term effects are considered. Results are
contradictory regarding whether medication improves or reduces
the efficacy of CBT, e.g., there are indications that the medication
reduces the efficacy of CBT for some disorders, like panic disorder.
Discussion: It is clear that CBT is an effective treatment for most
common mental disorders. Side effects are almost never a
problem and long-term success is a good. Further research is
needed on combined treatment – CBT and medication.
Conclusion: Numerous studies support the efficacy of CBT for
common mood and anxiety disorders and its good long term effects.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
36. Fátima Panangeiro, M. F., Torres, A. F. S., Fernandez, R. M., & Trajano, S. R. (2012, Novembro). Eicácia do EMDR na prevenção e cura do transtorno de estresse pós-traumático em vítimas de terremoto [Efficacy of EMDR in the prevention and treatment of PTSD with victims of an earthquake]. In comunicações de pesquisa. Apresentação no II Congresso Brasileiro de EMDR, Brasília, Brasil.
Language: Portuguese
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Introdução: Sabemos que quando uma pessoa vivencia um incidente crítico, essa exposição tem impacto considerável sobre seu funcionamento global. Assim, para assegurar a recuperação dos militares brasileiros que estavam no Haiti, escolhemos a técnica EMDR criada pela Dra.Francine Shapiro, que encontra respaldo teórico em descobertas recentes no campo neuropsicológico para realizar as intervenções. Justificativa: O EMDR é uma técnica eficaz, que permite que o trauma armazenado na memória de curto prazo passe para a memória de longo prazo, uma vez que com os estímulos criam-se novas conexões neurais que trazem alívio, paz e aceitação. Atualmente existem mais de 20 estudos randomizados que apoiam sua eficácia. Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia da técnica EMDR na recuperação de vítimas de terremoto no Haiti, que apresentavam Transtorno Estresse Pós-Traumático e/ou Transtorno Estresse Agudo. Método: O estudo foi realizado com 14 militares sobreviventes do terremoto ocorrido no Haiti em janeiro de 2010, divididos em dois grupos: A (soterrados) e B (não soterrados). Foram utilizados para avaliação: entrevista inicial entrevista inicial e final, os testes IES- Escala de Impacto de Eventos e ISSL - Inventário de Sintomas de estresse de Lipp (antes e após a intervenção), EMDR, e reencontro (follow-up) seis meses após o último atendimento. Resultados: De acordo com os resultados obtidos no IES, os sujeitos que tinham o nível de estresse entre grave, moderado e leve, passaram após a intervenção para o nível leve e recomendado. Em relação aos sintomas físicos e emocionais (flashbacks, insônia, pesadelos, agressividade, instabilidade de humor e aumento no consumo de álcool), os sujeitos não apresentavam mais a queixa ao término das intervenções. Conclusões: Com base nos resultados apresentados podemos afirmar que o EMDR é uma técnica eficaz para resolução do transtorno estresse pós-traumático, assim como na sua prevenção, em vítimas de terremoto.
Introduction: We know that when a person experiences a critical incident, such exposure has considerable impact on their overall functioning. Thus, to ensure the recovery of the Brazilian military who were in Haiti, we choose the EMDR technique created by Dra.Francine Shapiro, who finds theoretical support in recent discoveries in the field to perform neuropsychological interventions. Rationale: The EMDR is an effective technique that allows the trauma stored in short-term memory to pass the long-term memory, since with the stimuli it creates new neural connections that bring relief, peace and acceptance. Currently there are more than 20 randomized trials that support its effectiveness. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of EMDR technique in the recovery of victims of the earthquake in Haiti, which had Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and / or Acute Stress Disorder. Method: The study was conducted with 14 military survivors of the earthquake in Haiti in January 2010, divided into two groups: A (buried) and B (not buried). All patients were evaluated: initial initial interview and final interview, tests IES-Impact of Events Scale and ISSL - Symptom Inventory stress Lipp (before and after the intervention), EMDR, and reunion (follow-up) six months after the last treatment. Results: According to the results of the IES, the subjects who had the stress level between severe, moderate and mild, passed after the intervention to the level recommended lightweight. Regarding the physical and emotional symptoms (flashbacks, insomnia, nightmares, aggression, mood instability and increased consumption of alcohol), subjects no longer had the complaint at the end of the interventions. Conclusions: Based on the presented results we can state that EMDR is an effective technique for resolution of post-traumatic stress disorder, as well as its prevention, earthquake victims.
Keywords: Acute Stress Disorder Brazil Earthquake Haiti Military Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Prevention PTSD Treatment Victims
Accuracy Verified: Yes
37. Lamprecht, F. (2006). Einfuhrung und biologische befunde [Introduction and biological findings]. In: F. Lamprecht (Hrsg.), Praxisbuch EMDR: modifizierungen für spezielle anwendungsgebiete [EMDR practice book: Modifications for special areas of application] (pp. 7-27) Stuttgart: Klett-Cotta.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Keywords: Biological Findings
Accuracy Verified: Yes
38. Ebner, F., & Rost, C. (2008). Einleitung: Ressourcenaktivierung mit EMDR [Introduction: Resource activation with EMDR]. In C. Rost (Hsrg.), Ressourcenarbeit mit EMDR, bewährte techniken im uberblick (pp. 7-30). Paderborn: Junfermann.
Language: German
Format: Book Section
Keywords: Resource Development
Accuracy Verified: Yes
39. Salvador, M. C. (2010). El trauma psicologico: Un proceso neurofisiologico con consecuencias psicologicas [Psychological trauma: A neurophysiological process with psychological consequences]. Revista de Psicoterapia, 20(80), 5-16.
Language: Spanish
Format: Journal
Abstract:
En este artículo se argumenta el impacto y las secuelas del trauma psicológico en el organismo y sus repercusiones a nivel neurofisiológico. El trauma psicológico, cuando se experimenta disociación, se registra en el sistema de memoria implícita y procedimental de manera somato-sensorial, manifestando alteraciones significativas en multitud de sistemas de funcionamiento fisiológico que posteriormente actúan como mecanismos de mantenimiento y recuerdo. Se presenta una base para el enfoque del trabajo terapéutico sobre los fenómenos fisiológicos como introducción y base al abordaje con técnicas neurofisiológicas como el EMDR y Brainspotting.
This article argues the impact and consequences of psychological trauma on the body and its impact on neurophysiological level. The psychological trauma when experiencing dissociation, is recorded in the system of implicit memory and procedural manner somatosensory, showing significant changes in many physiological functioning systems then act as maintenance mechanisms and memory. We present a basis for the focus of therapeutic work on the introduction and physiological phenomena based on the approach to neurophysiological techniques such as EMDR and Brainspotting.
Keywords: Neurophysiology
Accuracy Verified: Yes
40. MacDonald, H. (2008, October). EMDR & pain. Presentation at the 1st annual EMDR Yorkshire Autumn Workshop, York, UK.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
This workshop will give participants an introduction to using EMDR with people who have persistent pain. The EMDR protocol (Grant and Threlfo 2002) can be
used to promote more successful management of pain, and can change pain sensations. Targets might also include the impact of the pain on life situation. The
workshop is aimed at people who have completed EMDR training, but who may not have applied it with this client group.
Keywords: Pain
Accuracy Verified: Yes
41. Parnell, L. (2001). EMDR - Der weg aus dem trauma: Über die heilung von traumata und emotionalen verletzungen [Transforming trauma: EMDR]. Paderborn: Junfermann Verlag GmbH & Co.
Language: German
Format: Book
Abstract:
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) hat Tausenden von Menschen geholfen, die von schrecklichen Mißbrauchserlebnissen oder von Traumata verfolgt wurden. Die neue Methode vermag auch Patienten zu helfen, bei denen andere Therapieformen versagt haben, darunter Menschen, die an chronischen Problemen wie Eßstörungen, Angstzuständen, einem schwachen Selbstwertgefühl, Depressionen und Störungen ihrer Leistungsfähigkeit leiden. EMDR bringt Millionen von Menschen neue Hoffnung, denen gesagt wurde, ihre Genesung werde sich wohl über ihr ganzes weiteres Leben hinziehen.
Die EMDR-Therapie bettet die Technik der Augenbewegung in einen umfassenden Ansatz ein, durch den Informationen verarbeitet werden, die sich in unverarbeiteter Form in Körper und Geist des Patienten verkapselt haben. Dadurch werden die Betroffenen von belastenden Bildern und Körperempfindungen, bedrückenden Emotionen und Einschränkenden Überzeugungen befreit. Bei Anwendung dieser Methode tritt die Heilung nicht nur wesentlich schneller ein als in der traditionellen Therapie, sondern die Klienten erleben auch ein Gefühl der Freude, Offenheit und tiefen Verbundenheit mit anderen. Laurel Parnell veranschaulicht uns auf fesselnde Weise die Wirkung von EMDR. In ihren mutmachenden Heilungsberichten versetzt sie die Leser in die Psyche ihrer Klienten, wo die Traumata, die jene in der Vergangenheit erlebt haben, erstarrt sind. Die Autorin veranschaulicht auf sorgsame, persönliche und verständliche Weise, wie EMDR es Menschen ermöglicht, über das bloße Überleben eines traumatischen Erlebnisse hinaus zu einer Erfahrung des Wohlbefindens und der Ganzheit zu gelangen.
Ein allgemeinverständlich geschriebenes Buch, das allen, die sich erstmals mit dieser neuen revolutionären Therapieform beschäftigen wollen, einen umfassenden Einblick über die Methodik, den Ablauf, die vielfältigen Einsatzmöglichkeiten und die ungezählten erfolgreich durchgeführten Therapien vermittelt: Informativ. Fesselnd geschrieben. Hoffnung auf Heilung vermittelnd. Ein idealer Einstieg in EMDR.
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) has helped thousands of people who were haunted by terrible abuse experiences or trauma. The new method can also help patients who have not responded to other therapies, including people who suffer from chronic problems such as eating disorders, anxiety, a low self-esteem, depression and disturbances of their capabilities. EMDR brings new hope to millions of people who have been told, their recovery will probably drag on through its entire life. The EMDR therapy embeds the technique of eye movement in a comprehensive approach that will be processed by the information, which have encapsulated in the natural state of body and mind of the patient. Thus the person concerned of incriminating images and body sensations, emotions and limiting beliefs are oppressive, free. In applying this method, the healing occurs not only much faster than in a traditional therapy, but the clients also experience a feeling of joy, openness and deep connection with others. Laurel Parnell are illustrated with fascinating way, the effect of EMDR. In its encouragement healing reports, they leave readers into the psyche of their clients, where the traumas, the former have experienced in the past freezes are. The author demonstrates in careful, personal and understandable way, such as EMDR allows people to reach beyond the mere survival of a traumatic experience also an experience of wellness and wholeness. A book, written in generally understandable to all, who would first deal with this revolutionary new form of therapy, provides a comprehensive insight into the methodology, process, the various applications and successfully executed countless therapies: Informative. written captivating. Hope for healing mediator. An ideal introduction to EMDR.
Keywords: Trauma
Accuracy Verified: Yes
42. Johannesson, K. B. (2011, June). EMDR - An integrative psychotherapy approach for working with trauma based disorders. Preconference presentation at the 12th annual meeting of the European Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ESTSS) Conference, Vienna, Austria.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
EMDR is a trauma-focused method for treating PTSD and painful memories. The method integrates elements from several psychotherapeutic schools such as cognitive, behavioural, and psychodynamic orientations. Although there are elements of free associations during processing, the treatment follows a structured protocol with components of dosed exposure. The method has been noticed for its elements of bilateral stimulation; however it has been considered that several parts of the method contribute to its effectiveness. For a single traumatic experience, usually only a few sessions seem to be required even if in complex cases the length of treatment can become quite extended. In its original form EMDR was developed for adults, but the method can easily be adapted also for children.
The first study was published in 1989 by Francine Shapiro, the inventor of EMDR, demonstrating that clients after three sessions of EMDR did not longer meet criteria for PTSD. Her publication was met by both interest and scepticism. Today EMDR is widely accepted and practiced by psychotherapists in many countries throughout the world.
Guidelines from the International Society of Traumatic Stress Studies recommend EMDR for the treatment of PTSD and British researchers have found that EMDR is equally effective as trauma-focussed CBT for chronic PTSD.
This workshop will give an introduction to EMDR: explaining the theoretical model underlying the method, presenting the structure of a session, and discussing suggested mechanisms of action. In addition some case examples will be highlighted.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
43. Johannesson, K. B. (2011, June). EMDR - An integrative psychotherapy approach for working with trauma based disorders. Pre-conference presentation at the 12th European Conference on Traumatic Stress (ECOTS), Vienna, Austria.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
EMDR is a trauma-focused method for treating PTSD and painful memories. The method integrates elements from several psychotherapeutic schools such as cognitive, behavioural, and psychodynamic orientations. Although there are elements of free associations during processing, the treatment follows a structured protocol with components of dosed exposure. The method has been noticed for its elements of bilateral stimulation; however it has been considered that several parts of the method contribute to its effectiveness. For a single traumatic experience, usually only a few sessions seem to be required even if in complex cases the length of treatment can become quite extended. In its original form EMDR was developed for adults, but the method can easily be adapted also for children.
The first study was published in 1989 by Francine Shapiro, the inventor of EMDR, demonstrating that clients after three sessions of EMDR did not longer meet criteria for PTSD. Her publication was met by both interest and scepticism. Today EMDR is widely accepted and practiced by psychotherapists in many countries throughout the world.
Guidelines from the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies recommend EMDR for the treatment of PTSD and British researchers have found that EMDR is equally effective as trauma-focussed CBT for chronic PTSD.
This workshop will give an introduction to EMDR: explaining the theoretical model underlying the method, presenting the structure of a session, and discussing suggested mechanisms of action. In addition some case examples will be highlighted.
Keywords: Trauma-Based Disorders
Accuracy Verified: Yes
44. Gagnon, A. (2006). EMDR - L’introduction d’une nouvelle approche [EMDR - The introduction of a new approach]. Santé Mentale au Québec, 31(2), 257-261.
Language: French
Format: Magazine
Abstract:
L’amélioration continue de nos expertises pose un défi immense en
sciences cliniques. Si l’Art clinique s’affine avec l’expérience, la
Science avance aussi de son côté. À titre d’éducateur et de concepteur
de projets éducatifs, on demeure perplexe devant l’écart entre les intérêts
et les besoins réels de formation. Sans parler de la difficulté d’introduire
de nouvelles connaissances, face aux chapelles de gens « qui savent
mieux » ; ni, ce qui compte le plus, du défi de modifier les pratiques au
bénéfice des patients, enjeu éthique immense et souvent mal perçu.
Continuous improvement of our expertise poses a huge challenge in
Clinical Sciences. If Art is refined with clinical experience,
Scientific progress is also on his side. As an educator and designer
educational projects, we remain puzzled by the discrepancy between the interests
and the actual training needs. Not to mention the difficulty of introducing
new knowledge, meet the chapels of people "who know
better "or, what matters most, the challenge of changing practices in
benefit of patients, ethical issue, and largely unwelcome.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
45. 黃翔 [Huang Xiang]. (2002). EMDR -─眼動心身重建法簡介 [EMDR - Eye tempted body reconstruction technique introduction]. 加州心理研究所臨床心理學 [California Psychological Institute of Clinical Psychology].
Language: Chinese
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract:
EMDR─眼誘惑身體重建法“的英文全名是眼動脫敏和再加工。採訪，這是一個多次在很短的一段時間後，藥物可在任何情況下，有效地降低程度心理創傷，重建希望和在治療的信心。可減少心理創傷症狀包括“長期累積的創傷痛苦的回憶”，“因創傷引起高度的焦慮和消極情緒”，以及“身體不適造成的創傷反應”等等。一個結果接受EMDR治療可以建立一個積極的影響，包括“健康積極的思想”和“健康行為的一代”等。
"EMDR ─ eye tempted Body Renewal Law" in English is Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing. This is an interview several times in a short period after the drug can be in no circumstances, effectively reducing the degree of psychological trauma, and rebuild hope and confidence in treatment. Can be to reduce the psychological trauma symptoms include "long-term cumulative trauma of painful memories," "due to trauma caused by a high degree of anxiety and negative emotions", and "the physical discomfort caused by trauma response" and so on. A result of receiving EMDR treatment can establish a positive effect, including "a healthy and positive thoughts" and "health behavior generation" and so on.
Keywords: Body Renewal Law
Accuracy Verified: Yes
46. Shapiro, F. (2002, January). EMDR 12 years after its introduction: Past and future research. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58(1), 1-22. doi:10.1002/jclp.1126 .
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) was one of the first treatments of PTSD to be evaluated in controlled research and has to date been empirically supported by 13 such studies. This article reviews the historical context and empirical research of EMDR over the past dozen years. Historically, EMDR's name has caused confusion in that "desensitization" is considered to be only a by-product of reprocessing and because the eye movement component of EMDR is only one form of dual stimulation to be successfully used in this integrative approach. Research is needed to determine the comparative efficacy of EMDR relative to cognitive-behavioral treatments of PTSD. However, this has been hampered by the lack of independent replication studies of the latter treatments. Current component analyses of EMDR have failed to effectively evaluate the relative weighting of its procedures. Parameters for future research and the testing of protocols for diverse disorders are suggested. [Author Abstract]
Keywords: Cognitive Processes Literature Review Posttraumtic Stress Disorder PTSD Research Needs
Accuracy Verified: Yes
47. Herbert, C. (2001, May). EMDR and CBT interweave. Presentation at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, London, UK .
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Cognitive interweaves are strategic interventions, whose utilisation relies upon therapist
recognition of their necessity at given times during the EMDR procedure, and their effective
use requires skilled therapeutic judgement and the introduction of the appropriate clinicianled
cognitive material in order to counteract the blocked processing. The use of cognitive
interweaves therefore diverges from the established EMDR protocol by introducing therapist generated
material rather than just following the clients spontaneously processed material. It will be argued in this presentation that, due to the divergence from the established EMDR
protocol, the effective implementation of cognitive interweaves, requires the knowledge of
additional therapeutic strategies, predominantly those used in Cognitive Behaviour
Therapeutic (CBT) approaches, which may not be readily accessible to EMDR practitioners
not trained in this approach. This presentation aims to bridge the gap between the
traditionally 'too-heavily protected' territories of CBT and EMDR, by introducing some CBT
strategies, such as 'Socratic Questioning (Padesky, 1993)' or the Cognitive 'Separation of the
Past from the Present (Herbert & Wetrnore, 1999'), which might be usefully drawn on, in
order to generate effective cognitive interweaves during the use of EMDR. Clinical examples from the presenter's work, as an UKCP Accredited Cognitive Behavioural Therapist and a
Level 2 trained EMDR Practitioner, with clients suffering from complex PTSD, will be
explored.
Keywords: CBT CBT Interweave Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Cognitive Interweave
Accuracy Verified: Yes
48. Smyth, N. J., & Poole, A. D. (2002). EMDR and cognitive-behavior therapy: Exploring convergence and divergence. In F. Shapiro (Ed.), EMDR as an integrative psychotherapy approach: Experts of diverse orientations explore the paradigm prism (1st ed.) (pp. 151-180). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
Since first introduced by Shapiro, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) has been the subject of considerable interest, debate, and controversy within the behavioral literature. In this chapter, EMDR is examined from a behavioral perspective with the goal of exploring connections between it and behavior therapy. Since its initial introduction as an intervention for PTSD, EMDR has been expanded and is used to treat a range of other disorders. The present discussion centers on its application in the management of PTSD for two reasons: First, PTSD is the diagnostic category on which the majority of research studies have focused. Second, empirical research has determined that EMDR and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) are efficacious in the treatment of PTSD; they seem to be equally effective, although EMDR may be more efficient.The chapter begins with a brief consideration of the development and essential principles of behavior therapy and of the manner in which behavioral approaches have conceptualized PTSD. This context is essential to understanding how EMDR is conceptualized from a behavioral perspective. The relationship between EMDR and behavior therapy is then explored and mechanisms for its apparent effectiveness considered. Finally, contributions of behavior therapy to EMDR and of EMDR to behavior therapy are discussed, including challenges that each poses to the other. [Text, pp. 151-152]
Keywords: Adults Cognitive Therapy Posttraumtic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Stressors Survivors
Accuracy Verified: Yes
49. Shapiro, E. (2012). EMDR and early psychological intervention following trauma. Revue Européenne De Psychologie Appliquée/European Review of Applied Psychology, 62(4), 241-251. doi:10.1016/j.erap.2012.09.003.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Introduction:
This article evaluates developments in the field of early psychological intervention (EPI) after trauma in general and the place of early eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) intervention (EEI) in particular. The issues and dilemmas involved with EPI and EEI will be outlined; related research presented and the current status evaluated.
Literature and clinical findings:
Reviewing the literature and drawing on findings from initial research and case studies, the rationale and contribution that EMDR therapy has to offer is discussed relative to current evidence and theory regarding post-traumatic stress syndromes and trauma memories. The relative advantages of EEI will be elaborated.
Discussion and conclusion:
It is proposed that EEI, while trauma memories have not yet been integrated, may be used not only to treat acute distress but may also provide a window of opportunity in which a brief intervention, possibly on successive days, could prevent complications and strengthen resilience. Through the rapid reduction of intrusive symptoms and de-arousal response as well as by identifying potential obstructions to adaptive information processing (AIP), EMDR therapy may reduce the sensitisation and accumulation of trauma memories.
Keywords: Early Psychological Intervention EPI Trauma
Accuracy Verified: Yes
50. Bohart, A. C., & Greenberg, L. S. (2002). EMDR and experiential psychotherapy. In F. Shapiro (Ed.), EMDR as an integrative psychotherapy approach: Experts of diverse orientations explore the paradigm prism (1st ed.) (pp. 239-261). Washington: American Psychological Association.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
This chapter compares EMDR with three experiential approaches. Although various experiential approaches exist, the chapter concentrates on Gendlin's focusing-oriented psychotherapy (FP), Rogers's client-centered therapy (CCT), and Greenberg and colleagues' process-experiential psychotherapy (PEP) to explore similarities and differences. The exploration begins with an introduction of each approach to orient the reader. [Text, pp. 239-240]TOPICS TREATED: Self-healing; Summary of similarities between EMDR and experiential psychotherapy; Differences between EMDR and experiential psychotherapy; Integrating experiential therapies with EMDR.
Keywords: Adults Client Centered Psychotherapy Experiential Psychotherapy Psychotherapeutic Processes Stressors Survivors
Accuracy Verified: Yes
51. Welch, K. L. (2007, August). EMDR and neuroscience research: Some questions and implications for psychotherapy integration. EMDR Practitioner. Retrieved from http://www.emdr-practitioner.net on 12/27/2008.
Language: English
Format: Other
Abstract:
Since its introduction, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) (Shapiro, 1989) has received the attention of many mental health professionals. There has been much critical debate on the subject of EMDR. Most of the clinical discussion has centered on the role of EMDR in the treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).
While the EMDR procedure has been compared to Mesmerism (McNally, 1999), declared as pseudoscience (Herbert, Lilienfeld, Lohr, Montgomery, O’Donohue, Rosen, and Tolin, 2000), or regarded as a highly marketed placebo (Lilienfield, 1996), most studies support the efficacy of EMDR in treating PTSD (Ironson, Freund, Strauss, and Williams, 2002; Lee, Gavriel, Drummond, Richards, and Greenwald, 2002; Marcus, Marquis, and Sakai, 1997; Rothbaum, 1997; Van Etten and Taylor, 1998; Wilson, Becker, and Tinker, 1997). There has been some evidence for accompanying physiological changes in PTSD subjects treated with EMDR with patterns of cortex functioning, (Levin, Lazrove, and van der Kolk, 1999; Nicosia, 1994) event-related potential changes (Lamprecht, Kohnke, Sack, Matzke and Munte, 2004), as well as positive effects on the level of the stress hormone cortisol (Haber, Kellner and Yehuda, 2002).
Keywords: Neuroscience
Accuracy Verified: Yes
52. Lipke, H. (2000). EMDR and psychotherapy integration: Theoretical and clinical suggestions with focus on traumatic stress. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Language: English
Format: Book
Abstract:
This book is about what I have learned about EMDR and its clinical use, especially with combat veterans. It is also about what trying to understand how EMDR works has taught me about psychotherapy in general. That second lesson is what I call the Four-Activity Model (FAM) of Psychotherapy, which grows out of a concept that Francine Shapiro refers to as Accelerated Information Processing (AIP). Shapiro's AIP description gives name to the idea that learned psychopathology can be considered dysfunctional held information, including thoughts, emotions, sensations, and behavior, that can be modified more quickly than previously believed by most therapists. The Four-Activity Model is an attempt to conceptualize how psychotherapeutic activity can be used most efficiently to reprocess dysfunctional held material and thereby resolve psychological problems.Finally, this book is about what psychotherapy in general has taught me about EMDR. Even in her early explanations of EMDR, Shapiro taught that it was an integrative method, that it relied on the lessons learned by years of clinical work using dynamic, behavioral, and humanistic methods. In this book I will attempt to elaborate on that relationship and offer specific therapeutic suggestions that will rely on the wisdom of previously established therapeutic methods, as well as the wisdom of past philosophical inquiry and religion. The book starts with EMDR, proceeds to try to describe how EMDR and other methods can be integrated into an overall model of psychotherapy, and then works its way back to the concrete practical integration of psychotherapy in general. The second half of the book has a practical focus on examples that are created mostly from my experience working with combat trauma. I hope that readers will see how these examples of interventions are easily generalized to other learning-based problems. [Author Introduction]
Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Stressors Survivors
Accuracy Verified: Yes
53. Devilly, G. J. (1996, November). EMDR and PTSD: The score at half time. Psychotherapy in Australia, 3(1), 26-31.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
The treatment of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been a hot topic of
debate since it’s inclusion into the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders in the 1980’s. However, it was not until 1989, with the introduction of Eye
Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), that this debate reached such
lofty heights of vigour. The lack of any theoretical models as to why the EMDR
process might work has not helped in gaining professional credence. It will be the
purpose of this article to briefly review the reasons for this debate, give a short outline
of the EMDR procedure and comment upon the current state of research.
Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PSTD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
54. de Jongh, A., & ten Broeke, E. (2009). EMDR and the anxiety disorders: Exploring the current status. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 3(3), 133-140. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.3.3.133.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Based on the assumptions of Shapiro's adaptive information-processing model, it could be argued that a large proportion of people suffering from an anxiety disorder would benefit from eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). This article provides an overview of the current empirical evidence on the application of EMDR for the anxiety disorders spectrum other than posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Reviewing the existing literature, it is disappointing to find that 20 years after its introduction, support for the efficacy of EMDR for other conditions than PTSD is still scarce. Randomized outcome research is limited to panic disorder with agoraphobia and spider phobia. The results suggest that EMDR is generally more effective than no-treatment control conditions or nonspecific interventions but less effective than existing evidence-based (i.e., exposure-based) interventions. However, since these studies were based on incomplete protocols and limited treatment courses, questions about the relative efficacy of EMDR for the treatment of anxiety disorders remain largely unanswered.
Keywords: Anxiety Disorders Panic Disorder Specific Phobia
Accuracy Verified: Yes
55. Mitchell, J. T., & Solomon, R. M. (1995, June). EMDR applications to critical incident stress management. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
A critical incident is any situation that causes unusually strong emotional reactions that have the potential to interfere with a person's
ability to function immediately after the incident or later. These are situations that overwhelm a person's sense of vulnerability
and/or control.
A critical incident stress debriefing (CISD) is a psychoeducational group meeting or discussion about a traumatic incident which
ideally takes place within 72 hours of the event. The goals of a CISD are to mitigate the psychological impact of a traumatic event,
prevent subsequent development of a post-traumatic syndrome, accelerate recovery, and serve as an early identification mechanism
for people who need further follow-up, including EMDR.
The steps of a CISD include:
1) introduction - to introduce the intervention team, explain the process, and set expectations.
2) fact - to describe the event from each participant's perspective on a cognitive level.
3) thought - to allow participants to describe cognitive reactions and to transition to emotional reactions.
4) reaction - to identify the most traumatic aspect of the event for participants.
5) symptom - to identify personal symptoms of distress and transition back to the cognitive level.
6) teaching - to educate as to normal reactions and adaptive coping strategies
7) reentry - to clarefy ambiguities and prepare for termination; access for follow-up.
In the opinion of the authors, the CISD facilitates the processing of the traumatic information before it becomes crystallized in
dysfunctional form.
EMDR can be very effective shortly following a CISD, and is particularly usehl for participants who are experiencing distress or
intrusive symptoms after the CISD. The CISD structure helps the participant understand the traumatic impact of the incident and
provides support and guidance toward adaptive resolution. The EMDR process begins where the CISD leaves off. The CISD helps
to delineate the traumatic image, negative cognition, and emotions associated with the event, making the subsequent EMDR process
more efficient. EMDR appears to have a very powerful and rapid effect after the CISD, perhaps, because of the initial processing.
In other words, the CISD initiates an adaptive processing of the traumatic information; EMDR completes it.
EMDR can be implemented individually immediately following the CISD, or the next day. While the CISD is a group process,
EMDR is an individual method. EMDR can be explained during the teaching phase of the CISD or after the CISD to the whole
group, but EMDR treatment is done individually and privately. EMDR can go beyond a CISD in targeting previous traumas that
may underlie the current incident, delve deeper into the meaning of the incident for the person, and target specific stimuli that are
relevant to the individual (e.g. Smells, tastes, etc.).
The workshop will discuss the application of EMDR to critical incidents. The protocol for recent events will be reviewed.
Guidelines for negative and positive cognitions will be discussed. For example, a critical incident usually involves issues of
responsibility ("Is it my fault?"), Safety ("Am I safe?"), And/or control ("Do I have choices in life?). It is important that such
dynamics are understood when formulating the negative cognition.
The dynamics of fear, a framework for understanding a critical incident and resolving issues of vulnerability and powerlessness, will
be presented. The model discusses the importance of going beyond defining the moment of peak stress to elucidating subsequent
thoughts, actions, and decisions. The implications for cognitive interweaves will be discussed.
Keywords: CISM Critical Incidence Stress Management Recent Events
Accuracy Verified: Yes
56. Wesselmann, D., Davidson, M., Armstrong, S., Schweitzer, C., Bruckner, D., & Potter, A. E. (2012). EMDR as a treatment for improving attachment status in adults and children. Revue Européenne De Psychologie Appliquée/European Review of Applied Psychology, 62(4), 223-230. doi:10.1016/j.erap.2012.08.008.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Introduction:
The purpose of the article is to examine the current literature regarding evidence for positive change in attachment status following Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy and to describe how an integrative EMDR and family therapy team model was implemented to improve attachment and symptoms in a child with a history of relational loss and trauma.
Literature:
The EMDR method is briefly described along with the theoretical model that guides the EMDR approach. As well, an overview of attachment theory is provided and its implication for conceptualizing symptoms related to a history of relational trauma. Finally, a literature review is provided regarding current preliminary evidence that EMDR can improve attachment status in children and adults.
Clinical findings:
A case study is described in which an EMDR and family therapy integrative model improved attachment status and symptoms in a child with a history attachment trauma.
Conclusion:
The case study and literature review provide preliminary evidence that EMDR may be a promising therapy in the treatment of disorders related to attachment trauma.
Keywords: Adult Attachment Interview Attachment Disorder Family Therapy Trauma
Accuracy Verified: Yes
57. Sanders, D., & ten Broeke, E. (2011, Juni). EMDR bij de behandeling van een negatief zelfbeeld [EMDR in the treatment of low self-esteem]. Psychopraktijk, 3(3), 19-22. doi:10.1007/s13170-011-0039-z.
Language: Dutch
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Sinds de introductie in 1989 van Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is de methode verder ontwikkeld en verfijnd. Het toepassingsgebied is daardoor aanzienlijk uitgebreid. Zo werd een specifieke benadering voor het conceptualiseren van klachten gepresenteerd die voorafgaat aan de toepassing van EMDR bij een flink scala van andere klachten dan Posttraumatische Stress Stoornis (PTSS). Zo is er nu een behandeling met EMDR voor mensen met een negatief zelfbeeld. Na een korte schets van de achtergronden en toepassing van het EMDR-basisprotocol, wordt deze laatste aanpak hieronder aan de hand van een casus geïllustreerd.
Since its introduction in 1989 of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), the method developed and refined. The scope is thus greatly expanded. Thus, a specific approach to conceptualizing problems presented prior to the application of EMDR in a large variety of other symptoms than Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). There is now an EMDR treatment for people with low self-esteem. After a brief outline of the background and application of the basic EMDR protocol, the latter approach below, using an illustrated case.
Keywords: Self-Esteem: Self-Image
Accuracy Verified: Yes
58. Lievegoed, R., & Giltaij, H. (2005, November). EMDR bij mensen met een verstandelijke en/of meervoudige beperking [EMDR with people with mental and/or multiple restriction]. Workshop gepresenteerd aan de eerste congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Ede, The Netherlands.
Language: Dutch
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Na een korte inleiding over de speciale problemen die mensen met een Verstandelijke en/of Meervoudige (visueel-en-verstandelijke) Beperking in hun leven ontmoeten en de vele vormen van psychotrauma, die voor hen ontstaan door situaties die door anderen vaak niet als traumatisch worden ervaren (door het vermogen ervaringen zin en plaats te geven), zal vooral aan de hand van casuïstiek worden toegelicht hoe het EMDR standaardprotocol en de werkwijze aangepast kunnen worden aan de meer beperkte vaardigheden van de mensen in deze doelgroep. Hierbij zal ook gerefereerd worden aan de aanpassingen van het protocol zoals die voor jonge kinderen door diverse therapeuten is ontwikkeld, en die voor de onderhavige doelgroep vaak ook zeer relevant zijn.
De behandeling van een vrouw met een sterke visuele beperking plus een verstandelijke handicap zal d.m.v. een video gedemonstreerd worden, nadat kort gewezen is op de problemen die iemand heeft met een dubbele
handicap: er staan dan immers minder compensatiemogelijkheden voor de
handicap(s) ter beschikking.
Doelstelling:
Deelnemers leren zien dat EMDR ook bij de genoemde doelgroep(en) toegepast kan worden en maken kennis met enkele voorbeelden van hoe de behandeling specifiek vorm gegeven kan worden.
Maar belangrijkste doelstelling van deze workshop is dat behandelaars enthousiast kunnen worden voor de toepassing van EMDR juist ook voor deze kwetsbare mensen!
After a brief introduction to the special problems that people with intellectual and / or Multiple (visual and mental) limit in their lives meet and the many forms of psychotrauma, for them arise from situations that others often not as traumatic to experienced (the ability to experience meaning and place), will focus on using case studies explain how EMDR standard protocol and the method can be adapted to the more limited abilities of the people in this audience. It will also be referred to the adjustments of the protocol as for young children by different therapists was developed and used for this target group often highly relevant.
Treating a woman with a strong visual impairment and a mental disability will be using demonstrated a video, after briefly pointed to the difficulties that someone with a double
Disabled: There are after all less than redress for disability (s) available.
Objective:
Participants learn that EMDR also said the target group (s) can be applied and become familiar with some examples of how the specific form of treatment can be given.
But most important objective of this workshop is that therapists are enthusiastic for the use of EMDR for these very vulnerable people!
After a brief introduction to the special problems that people with intellectual and / or Multiple (visual and mental) limit in their lives meet and the many forms of psychotrauma, for them arise from situations that others often not as traumatic to experienced (the ability to experience meaning and place), will focus on using case studies explain how EMDR standard protocol and the method can be adapted to the more limited abilities of the people in this audience. It will also be referred to the adjustments of the protocol as for young children by different therapists was developed and used for this target group often highly relevant. Treating a woman with a strong visual impairment and a mental disability will be using demonstrated a video, after briefly pointed to the difficulties that someone with a doubleDisabled: There are after all less than redress fordisability (s) available.
Objective:Participants learn that EMDR also said the target group(s) can be applied and become familiar with some examples of how the specific form of treatment can be given. But most important objective of this workshop is that therapists are enthusiastic for the use of EMDR for these very vulnerable people!
Keywords: Mental Disabilities Visual Impairments
Accuracy Verified: Yes
59. Manfield, P. (2003). EMDR casebook: Expanded (2nd Ed.). New York: W. W. Norton.
Language: English
Format: Book
Abstract:
This book picks up where formal EMDR training leaves off. Research has now shown that EMDR is powerfully effective in the treatment of residual psychological effects of a single-incident trauma. Through case studies, this book explores other areas where EMDR may be helpful, including long-term childhood abuse and complex PTSD. The eleven case reports illustrate the application of EMDR to a broad range of cases. The many clinical transcripts will help newly trained EMDR clinicians fell comfortable using EMDR with their clients and provide models for experienced EMDR clinicians to broaden their use of EMDR. The clear explanations of the treatment processes will demystify EMDR for both clinicians and clients.
The introduction includes basic descriptions of EMDR and the accelerated information processing model, as well as definitions of its terminology. Each of the following chapters begins with a discussion of the contributors background, the principles of the traditional treatment approach used before incorporating EMDR, and the ways he or she has integrated EMDR into that approach. The contributors, who represent various orientations, including psychodynamic, behavioral, cognitive, and systems, demonstrate the importance of procedural fidelity while extending EMDR protocols.
Keywords: Miscellanous
Accuracy Verified: Yes
60. Lievegoed, R. (2005, June). EMDR for mentally retarded people. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Brussels, Belgium.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
After a short introduction concerning the special problems people with an
intellectual handicap often have in their iives and the many forms of
psychotrauma which arise for them in situations which are by others
sometimes not experienced as traumatic, we'll show by means of case
studies how the protocol can be adapted to the limited skills of people in this
target group. We also refer to the adaptations of the protocol for young
children.
Participants will learn to see that EMDR can very well be applied for this
target group and how they should proceed with the treatment.
Our most important aim is that therapists can become motivated to also use
EMDR for these people!
Keywords: Mental Retardation Poster
Accuracy Verified: Yes
61. Meise, S. (2010, Juli). EMDR heilsame Augenbewegungen [EMDR healing eye movements]. Psychologie-Heute,.
Language: German
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Traumapsychotherapien mit EMDR sind 20 Jahre nach dessen Einführung unbestritten erfolgreich. Während die Wirkfaktoren noch erforscht werden, wenden Therapeuten es längst nicht mehr ausschließlich zur Behandlung schwerer Traumata an. Auch bei Allergien, Essstörungen, chronischen Erkrankungen und verhaltensgestörten Kindern hat sich das Verfahren bewährt
Revolution oder Humbug? Die Psychotherapie Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, kurz EMDR, polarisiert die Traumaforschung, seit sie 1989 von der amerikanischen Psychologin Francine Shapiro für posttraumatische Belastungsstörungen, PTBS, entwickelt wurde. Mittlerweile ist sie eine auch von offiziellen Gremien anerkannte Methode, denn über 20 kontrollierte Studien weisen deren teils frappierend schnelle Wirkung nach. Trotzdem gibt es erst seit etwa 10 Jahren einschlägige Fachartikel meist wird EMDR darin als Scharlatanerie oder Form der Hypnose abgekanzelt und mit dem Etikett...
Trauma with EMDR psychotherapies are 20 years after its introduction undoubtedly successful. While the effective factors are elucidated, it is no longer consult therapists exclusively for the treatment of severe trauma on. Even with allergies, eating disorders, chronic diseases and behavioral disorders, the procedure has proven
Revolution or humbug? The Psychotherapy Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, EMDR brief, polarized the trauma research, since it was developed in 1989 by the American psychologist Francine Shapiro for post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD. She is now an accepted method by official bodies, for more than 20 controlled studies demonstrate the sometimes striking quick effect. Nevertheless, it is only since about 10 years of relevant professional articles is EMDR is usually dismissed as quackery or form of hypnosis and with the label...
Keywords: Eye Movements
Accuracy Verified: Yes
62. Shapiro, F., & Forrest, M. (2002). EMDR in aktion - Die neue kurzeittherapie in der praxis [EMDR: The breakthrough therapy for overcoming anxiety, stress and trauma]. Paderborn, Germany, Junfermann Verlag GmbH & Co.
Language: German
Format: Book
Abstract:
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) ist eine von Francine Shapiro entwickelte innovative klinische Behandlungsmethode für Trauma-Opfer. Aufgrund äußerst positiver neuer Untersuchungsergebnisse ist EMDR mittlerweile die am gründlichsten untersuchte Methode zur Behandlung der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS). Gleichzeitig werden Untersuchungen über die Möglichkeiten der Anwendung von EMDR bei anderen Störungen durchgeführt. EMDR ist eine zeitsparende, umfassende Methode zur Behandlung traumatischer Erfahrungen, die die Ursache vieler Pathologien sind. Als integratives Therapiemodell, das verhaltenspsychologische, kognitive, psychodynamische, körperorientierte und systemische Elemente umfaßt, ermöglicht EMDR, in relativ kurzer Zeit tiefreichende und stabile Resultate zu erzielen. Die EMDR-Behandlungssequenz, die acht Phasen umfaßt und Augenbewegungen sowie andere Methoden der Rechts-Links-Stimulation nutzt, hilft Trauma-Opfern bei der Aufarbeitung beunruhigender Gedanken und Erinnerungen. Dieses umfassende Basiswerk zum Thema EMDR gibt einen Überblick über die Entwicklung und Erforschung der neuen Methode. Zu den vielen Patientengruppen, bei denen mit EMDR gearbeitet werden kann, zählen die Opfer von sexuellem Mißbrauch, von Verbrechen, kämpferischen Auseinandersetzungen, Kriegsfolgen und Phobie-Patienten. Als Einführung in eine neue wichtige Methode im Bereich der Traumabehandlung ist dieses Buch eine unverzichbare Lektüre für alle Kliniker und Forscher, die sich für die Arbeit mit Trauma-Opfern interessieren. Das Lehrbuch zu EMDR, dieser neuen, so überaus erfolgreichen Therapiemethode zur Behandlung von Traumaopfern.
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is a technology developed by Francine Shapiro innovative clinical treatment for trauma victims. Due to extremely positive new findings EMDR is now the most thoroughly studied method for the treatment of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). At the same tests are carried out on the possibilities of the use of EMDR with other disorders. EMDR is a time-saving, comprehensive method for the treatment of traumatic experiences, which are the cause of many diseases. As an integrative therapy model includes the behavioral, cognitive, psychodynamic, body-oriented and systemic elements, EMDR allows to achieve in a relatively short time, profound and stable results. The EMDR treatment sequence that includes eight stages, and uses eye movements as well as other methods of left-right stimulation helps trauma victims in the processing disturbing thoughts and memories. This comprehensive work based on EMDR provides an overview of the development and exploration of the new method. Among the many groups of patients that can be worked in those with EMDR, including the victims of sexual abuse, crime, fight conflicts, war and phobia patients. As an introduction to an important new method in the field of trauma treatment, this book is a unverzichbare reading for all clinicians and researchers interested in working with trauma victims. The textbook to EMDR, this new, so very successful treatment method for the treatment of trauma victims
Accuracy Verified: Yes
63. Bohm, K., & Voderholzer, U. (2010, September). EMDR in der behandlung von zwangsstörungen: Eine fallserie [Use of EMDR in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorders: A case series]. Verhaltenstherapie [Behavior Therapy], 20(3), 175–181. doi:10.1159/000319439 .
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: (The above link is to the English version of the German article.)
Hintergrund: Die kognitive Verhaltenstherapie mit Exposition
und Reaktionsverhinderung ist die am besten untersuchte
und derzeit wirksamste Therapie bei Zwängen.
15–40% der Patienten können jedoch nicht von diesem
Verfahren profitieren. Sie berichten Motivationsprobleme,
brechen die Behandlung vorzeitig ab oder zeigen
anhaltende Probleme in der Emotionsregulation. Der zusätzliche
Einsatz der Therapiemethode «Eye Movement
Desensitization and Reprocessing» (EMDR) zur Reduktion
dieser Schwierigkeiten wird vorgestellt und beschrieben.
Methode: Es werden drei Kasuistiken vorgestellt,
die mittels deskriptiver Analysen ausgewertet werden.
Hierbei wird auf das inhaltliche Vorgehen sowie die
Therapiemotivation und Emotionsregulation im Therapieverlauf
eingegangen. Ein Patient mit Kontrollzwängen
erhielt zunächst EMDR-Sitzungen und anschließend Expositionsübungen.
Eine andere Patientin mit vorwiegend
Zwangsgedanken wurde zuerst mit Expositionen und danach
mit EMDR behandelt. Im dritten Fall wurden Expositionen
und EMDR-Sitzungen abwechselnd durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse: Die drei behandelten Patienten berichteten
eine Reduktion der Zwänge um etwa 60%. EMDR
wurde von allen drei Patienten als motivierend und hilfreich
beschrieben. Die Arbeit an den Emotionen konnte
durch EMDR angeregt und verstärkt werden. Eine deutliche
Reduktion der Zwänge durch die Expositionen
zeigte sich bei 2 Patienten, während diese im Zuge der
EMDR-Sitzungen nur leicht abnahmen. Diskussion:
EMDR könnte eine vielversprechende Augmentationsoption
bei der Behandlung von Zwängen darstellen. Für
eine bessere Beurteilung sind kontrollierte und randomisierte
Studien erforderlich.
Introduction: Various studies have demonstrated that
cognitive behavioural therapy with exposure response
prevention is the most effective method to treat obsessive-
compulsive disorders. However, 15–40% of patients
do not respond to it; they cannot be motivated to undergo
treatment, drop out, or experience persisting difficulties
in regulating their emotions. In this article, EMDR
is presented as an additional method for these specific
problems. Method: Three case studies are reported and
descriptively analysed. Special focus is placed on the patients’
motivation and on how they regulate their emotions.
Different ways of applying EMDR in the course of
psychological treatment are described as well. EMDR before
confrontation therapy was applied in the first patient
(checking behaviour); the second patient (compulsive
thoughts) was first treated with confrontation therapy
and then with EMDR; in the third patient, EMDR and
confrontation therapy were applied alternately. Results:
All three patients showed a reduction of symptoms by
about 60%. They experienced EMDR as a useful and motivating
method. Furthermore, they felt encouraged to
deal with their emotions in additional psychological
treatments. Confrontation therapy markedly reduced
OCD symptoms in two of the patients. Discussion: EMDR
could be a useful augmentation method in treating patients
with OCD, but further controlled and randomised
studies are required to validate this conclusion.
Keywords: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder OCD Psychotherapeutic Method Psychotherapy Research
Accuracy Verified: Yes
64. Plassmann, R. (2005, September). EMDR in der stationaren therapie der essstorungen[EMDR in the inpatient treatment of eating disorders]. Vortrag auf der 13th International Conference on Eating Disorders, Innsbruck, Österreich.
Language: German
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Die stationare Essstorungstherapie lasst sich in vier Phasen unterteilen: Die Stabilisierungsphase, die Ressourcenorganisation, die Exposition und die Neuorientierungsphase. Fur diese Behandlungsphasen lassen sich Methoden der modernen Traumatherapie sinnvoll nutzen. Diese beruhen im Kern auf selbstorganisatiorischen Prinzipien, also der Arbeit mit dem psychischen Selbstheilungssystem. In Weiterentwicklung der Methodik der modernen Traumatherapie wurde fur die stationare Essstorungstherapie in der Stabilisierungsphasedas Konzept der akitiven Selbstailisierung entwickelt und fur die Ressourcenorganisation und Exposition die Technik des bipolaren EMDR. Durch Einfuhrung dieser Stategien haben sich die Behandlungsergebnisse erheblich verbessert. Der Vortag stellt die Arbeitwiese dar und die Behandlungsergebnisse an 176 Fallen stationarer Psychotherapie von Patientinnen mit Anorexie und Bulimie dar.
The steady Essstorungstherapie let be divided into four phases: the phase of stabilization, resource organization, exposition and reorientation phase. Treatment for these phases can be methods of modern trauma therapy sensibly. These are based on the core principles selbstorganisatiorischen, so working with the psychological self-healing system. In developing the methodology of modern trauma therapy for the steady Essstorungstherapie in Stabilisierungsphasedas concept of akitiven Selbstailisierung developed and resources for the organization and exposition of the art bipolar EMDR. By the introduction of this State Gien the results of treatment have improved significantly. The talk is the work area and represents the results of treatment in 176 cases of sta-tionary psychotherapy patients with anorexia and bulimia.
Keywords: Anorexia Bulimia Eating Disorders Inpatient Treatment
Accuracy Verified: Yes
65. van den Berg, D. P. G. (2011, August-September). EMDR in patients with psychotic disorders and PTSD: A pilot study. In PTSD in patients with psychotic disorders. Symposium conducted at the 41st EABCT Annual Congress, Reykjavík, Iceland.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Introduction: Mueser at al. (2008) showed that a treatment
program that was predominantly based on cognitive restructuring
was effective and safe in treating PTSD in patients with Serious
Mental Illness. However, only 15.7% of the participants in this
study had a psychotic disorder. Frueh et al. (2009) conducted a
pilot study into PTSD treatment in patients with schizophrenia and
schizoaffective disorders (n=20). At three month follow-up twelve
out of thirteen completers no longer met criteria for PTSD.
Treatment caused no adverse events. Unfortunately psychosis
measures were not included in this study. A third therapy with
strong empirical support for its efficacy in treating PTSD is Eye
Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR, Bisson et al.,
2007; Bradley, Greene, Russ, Dutra, & Westen, 2005; Seidler &
Wagner, 2006). In this presentation the results of a feasibility trial
(n=27) of EMDR in patients with psychosis and comorbid PTSD
will be presented.
Method: An open pilot trial of EMDR in treating PTSD symptoms
in participants with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or an other
psychotic disorder. Participants were all outpatients from
community mental health centres in the Netherlands. After referral
to the study patients were screened for PTSD with the Clinician
Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS, Blake et al., 1990). If PTSD was
diagnosed baseline measurements were performed after which an
informed consent was obtained. Treatment consisted of a
maximum of six weekly EMDR sessions, after which post
measurements were taken.
Results: EMDR was effective in alleviating PTSD symptoms. Out of the 25 completers, only 7 still met criteria for PTSD at post
measurement. Treatment did not result in adverse events. In fact,
other symptoms, such as delusions, auditory verbal hallucinations,
anxiety and depression decreased significantly, e.g. only four out
of the nine participants that reported voices at baseline still
reported voices at end of treatment.
Conclusions: The preliminary conclusion is that treating PTSD in
patients suffering from psychosis with EMDR is feasible, is safe
and has a positive influence on other symptoms.
Keywords: Pilot Study Postraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Psychotic Disorders Symposium
Accuracy Verified: Yes
66. Onofri, A. (2012, March-April). EMDR in psichiatria. Introduzione al supplemento [EMDR in psychiatry. Introduction to the supplement]. Rivista di Pschiatria, 47(2 Supplement 1), 1S-3S. doi:10.1078/1071.11730.
Language: Italian
Format: Journal
Abstract: RIASSUNTO. L’Autore, dopo aver sintetizzato in che cosa consiste l’EMDR, ricorda i riconoscimenti internazionali ricevuti da questa innovativa tecnica psicoterapeutica e riassume le principali ipotesi di funzionamento e gli studi di neurofisiologia. Specifica infine come, da tecnica terapeutica e metodo clinico, l’EMDR sia divenuto un approccio globale applicabile a molti campi della psicopatologia, fino alle situazioni post-traumatiche più complesse.
SUMMARY. The Author, after having summarized what EMDR is, remebers the international aknowledgements it has received and points out the main hypothesis of functioning and the studies of neurophysiology. He specifies how EMDR, from an initial step of therapeutic technique and clinical method, has become a global approach useful from many fields of the psychopathology, till to the most complex post-traumatic situations.
Keywords: Psychiatry
Accuracy Verified: Yes
67. Groenendijk, M. (2010, April). EMDR in trauma-work with a patient with DID. Presentation at the 2nd Bi-Annual International European Society for Trauma and Dissociation Conference, Belfast, Northern Ireland.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: EMDR is a powerfull technique for helping people overcoming their trauma’s. However, most of the clinical practice as well as the research has been focussed on type 1 trauma and simple PTSD. Gradually the field is expanding to complex early and chronic traumatization and dissociative problems. In this workshop I will share our experiences in this challenging field. I will start with a short introduction to EMDR, to structural dissociation and to the treatment of DID. Then I will present the case of an older woman with DID, who was treated in our residential psychotherapeutic setting. Central in this workshop is the very interesting (and moving) video-demonstration of EMDR with this DID-patient during a period of trauma-work. After reporting on the process and outcome of this therapy, the conclusion will be that EMDR can be effective for dissociative patients suffering from early and severe traumatization if several specific criteria are met. These criteria are about conceptualization according to the model of structural dissociation, about indication, timing, and preparation of the EMDR-sessions, about adaptation of the EMDR-protocol and about integration of EMDR in the broader phase-oriented state-of-the-art treatment of DID. At the end there will be time for questions and discussion.
Learning Outcomes 1. How to integrate EMDR in the phase-oriented treatment of DID 2. Inspiration for finding creative solutions for the problems that can occur during the session (e.g. dissociation, reliving traumatic experiences, acting-out) 3. Witnessing the effect of EMDR 4. Encouraging collegue’s to indicate EMDR for complex trauma (under specific conditions).
Keywords: DID Dissociative Identity Disorder
Accuracy Verified: Yes
68. Jarero, I., & Artigas, L. (2012). The EMDR integrative group treatment protocol: EMDR group treatment for early intervention following critical incidents. Revue Européenne De Psychologie Appliquée/European Review of Applied Psychology, 62(4), 219-222. doi:10.1016/j.erap.2012.04.004.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Introduction:
This paper presents an overview of the Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing – Integrative Group Treatment Protocol (EMDR-IGTP) that has been used since 1998 with both children and adults in its original format or with adaptations to meet the circumstances in numerous settings around the world for thousands of survivors of natural or man-made disasters and during ongoing geopolitical crisis.
Method:
The author's intention is to highlight and enlightened the reader of the existence of this protocol that combines the eight standard EMDR treatment phases with a group therapy model and an art therapy format and use the Butterfly Hug as a form of a self-administered bilateral stimulation, thus providing more extensive reach than the individual EMDR application.
Conclusion:
Randomize Controlled Trial Research is suggested to establish the efficacy of this intervention.
Keywords: Critical Incident Group Treatment Integrative Group Treatment Protocol
Accuracy Verified: Yes
69. Montes-Berges, B., Aranda, M., Castillo-Mayén, M. del R. (2011). EMDR Para el tratamiento de estrés postraumático en casos de violencia de género [EMDR for treatment of PTSD in cases of domestic violence]. Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain.
Language: English
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract:
Introducción: La violencia de género es uno de los problemas sociales más graves de
nuestra sociedad tanto por su prevalencia (en el pasado año 2010 fueron asesinadas 74
mujeres, y se estima que alrededor del 11.1% de las mujeres andaluzas son maltratadas),
como por las consecuencias psicológicas que conlleva en las víctimas. Objetivos: En el
Gabinete de Psicología de la Universidad de Jaén, atendemos a las mujeres (alumnas, PAS
o PDI o familiares de éstos) que han sido o aún son víctimas de violencia de género, con el
objetivo prioritario de que superen las situaciones traumáticas y que estén preparadas
emocional y cognitivamente para llevar una vida plena con el desarrollo máximo de sus
capacidades. Durante la evaluación, entre otras escalas, las usuarias contestan al
cuestionario sobre Síndrome de Estrés Postraumático (Echeburúa, Corral, Amor,
Zubizarreta y Sarasúa, 1997), pues los episodios de violencia psicológica, sexual y física
extrema que la mayoría de ellas viven, ocasionan en el 100% de los casos este síndrome de
manera crónica y acusada. Metodología: Para tratar este síndrome se acomete el
entrenamiento en técnicas de respiración y relajación y posteriormente el tratamiento con
EMDR. Esta técnica consiste en el procesamiento de los sucesos que quedaron bloqueados
por el miedo sentido en el momento en que ocurrieron, mediante la movilización de los
ojos de manera simultánea a la escucha del episodio, tratando nuevamente de revivirlo.
Aplicamos esta técnica con 5 pacientes. Resultados: En todos los casos las usuarias
superaban la situación en 4 o 5 sesiones de 5 minutos cada una, de manera que
posteriormente, informaron de que la situación ya no les producía tristeza ni dolor, y que la
habían aceptado. Discusión: Estos resultados sugieren que esta técnica es eficaz y rápida
en la intervención de sucesos traumáticos de violencia de género, por lo que resulta
altamente recomendable para estos casos.
Introduction: Gender violence is one of the most serious social problems
our society because of its prevalence (in the past year 2010 were killed 74
women, and it is estimated that about 11.1% of women are battered Andalusian),
as for the psychological consequences on the victims involved. Objectives: In the
Cabinet of Psychology, University of Jaén, we look at women (students, PAS
or PDI or their relatives) who have been or still are victims of domestic violence, with
priority objective of exceeding trauma and who are prepared
emotionally and cognitively to lead a full life with the maximum development of their
capabilities. During the assessment, including scales, users answer the
questionnaire on PTSD (Echeburúa, Corral, Love,
Zubizarreta and Sarasua, 1997), because episodes of psychological, physical and sexual
extreme than most living, result in 100% of cases this syndrome
chronically and charged. Methodology: To treat this syndrome is undertaken the
training in breathing and relaxation techniques and subsequent treatment with
EMDR. This technique consists in processing events that were blocked
sense of fear at the time they occurred, by mobilizing the
eyes simultaneously listening to the episode, trying to revive him again.
We apply this technique in 5 patients. Results: In all cases the user
exceeded the 4 or 5 position in 5-minute sessions each, so that
subsequently reported that the situation no longer produce sadness or pain, and that the
had accepted. Discussion: These results suggest that this technique is effective and fast
intervention in the traumatic events of violence, so it is
highly recommended for these cases.
Keywords: Domestic Violence Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
70. Blore, D., Dunne, T., Bodill, B., Hudson, P., & Armstrong, R. (2011, March). EMDR research. Symposium conducted (D. Farrell, Chair) at the 9th annual Conference of the EMDR UK & Ireland, Bristol.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Introduction & Background:
Based on study of 83 EMDR Therapists
who attended 10th EMDR Europe
Conference, London, 2009 & York
Regional Conference, Sept 2009.
Quantitative & Qualitative Methods used
20 Item Questionnaire with N= 74
Quantitative data
Semi-structured interview N= 9
Qualitative data [Excerpt]
Accuracy Verified: Yes
71. Shapiro, F., Beutler, L., Norcross, J., Maxfield, L., & Rogers, S. (2002). EMDR research and its future: Ecological validity, process research, component analysis, outcome findings, and sociopolitical context. Panel discussion at the Society for Psychotherapy Research International Conference, Santa Barbara, CA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
This panel presentation addresses ecological validity, process factors, methodological variables, and sociopolitical context in the interpretation and dissemination of outcome research. Since its introduction, EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) has been the focus of controversy because of its departure from existing paradigms, its non-traditional dissemination, and immoderate claims for rapid effectiveness. This panel reviews the socio-political context in which EMDR developed and its relevance for other emerging psychotherapeutic approaches. Findings from a recent methodological meta-analysis are reviewed to provide an empirical context for assessing the range of results in different outcome studies. Specific client, therapist, and methodological variables that could account for disparities in outcome are examined and implications for interpreting research outcomes are discussed. The panel also summarizes the findings of various recent studies that identified the effects of eye movements as decreasing vividness and emotionality of memory, physiological arousal, and in-session subjective distress. Findings from two recently completed studies are reported in which both process variables and active ingredients were examined. Limitations of the group design approach to the dismantling of psychotherapies are also discussed.
Keywords: Panel Discussion
Accuracy Verified: Yes
72. Yordy, J. (2012, April). EMDR techniques to help children and teens tame the worry monster. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
The number of children and teens struggling with symptoms of stress and anxiety disorders is increasing at an alarming rate. This workshop will discuss some causes for the increase in stress and anxiety disorders among children and teens. An introduction to the Triune Brain Theory and brief explanation of the implications of the changes on the anxious child or teenage brain will be highlighted. Next, effective exercises to calm the body and rewire the brain will be introduced. Creating new neural pathways, through the use of Positive Resource Building utilizing EMDR, will also be taught. Looking specifically at anxiety and how to target it when using EMDR, will also be explored. The workshop will conclude by introducing how to shrink the “Worry Monster” using an EMDR protocol.
Learning objectives:
1.Describe the Triune Brain Theory and how trauma rewires the brain to create heightened levels of anxiety and stress.
2.Demonstrate 5 exercises which help calm the stress response within the body.
3.List 5 “Positive Resources ”which when combined with EMDR anchor calm feelings in the brain/body and rewire the brain.
4.Discuss how to chose appropriate targets for EMDR processing with anxious kids.
5.Describe how to create a “Worry Monster” for processing anxiety with EMDR.
Keywords: Adolescents Anxiety Children
Accuracy Verified: Yes
73. Shapiro, F. (2000). EMDR ten years after its introduction: A review of past, present, and future directions. Mental Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA, 1-15.
Language: English
Format: Other
Abstract:
At the time a controlled study of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) was introduced in a peerreviewed
journal (Shapiro, 1989a) as a method for treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) only one other controlled
clinical outcome study of this disorder had been published (Peniston, 1986). The Peniston (1986) study compa.red 45 sessions
of relaxation and biofeedback-assisted desensitization to a non-treatment control and reported significant differences in muscle
tension and in unstandardized measures of nightmares and anxiety. In the same year as the Shapiro study, three other
controlled PTSD studies were published (Brom, Kleber, & Defares, 1989; Cooper & Clum, 1989; Keane, Fairklank, Caddell, &
Zimering, 1989). The Brom et al. (1989) study compared the results of psychodynamic therapy, hypnotherapy, and
desensitization based on a mean of 16 sessions. Equivalent (small to moderate) clinical treatment effects were obtained with all
three approaches in approximately 60% of the subjects as assessed by various measures. The Cooper and Clun? (1989) study
compared flooding to standard VA care and reported small clinical effects after 6-14 sessions, with a 30% partiicipant drop-out
rate. The Keane et al. (1989) study compared flooding to a wait-list control and reported small clinical effects after 14-16
sessions. In contrast to the preceding three studies, Shapiro (1989a) found very substantial treatment effects with EMDR (then
called 'EMD") after only one session.
Keywords: Review
Accuracy Verified: Yes
74. Sadatun, T. I. (2008, June). EMDR therapy for tsunami & armed conflicts survivors in Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, Indonesia. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
The Indonesian Province of Nanggroe Aceh Darusalam (NAD) is a region which is facing a unique set of problems,
among which is the protracted internal conflict, exacerbated by the tsunami on December 26, 2004. These events
have generated a widespread impact on the lives of the communities. One of the most crucial issues to be
addressed aside from legal, security, social and economic problems is the matter of health, including mental
health. In regards to mental health issues, comprehensive steps have been formulated into various mental health
care programs. One of the most needed programs is establishment of an educational system rooted in Indonesia
for the treatment of the posttraumatic stress syndrome (PTSD) of victims of crises and catastrophes through the
implementation of specific methods of treatment with a focus on the introduction of EMDR. With great support
from BMZ- TDH-Germany, HAP-Germany and Trauma Aid, capacity building on EMDR training has been
developed. Even though EMDR is highly effective as trauma healing therapy it is also a complex treatment to be
addressed in this specific population like in the province of NAD. Further than time constrain, limited numbers of
trauma therapist available and high numbers of severe cases that urgently need to be treated, complexities also
arises from cultural and religious aspects. The society in NAD is marked by decade long isolation, violent conflicts
for political self-determination and the strict interpretation of the Islam. The Sharia (doctrine of the Islam
including moral and judicial duties) was introduced as part of the laws. Due to this condition, for the time being
stabilization technique in EMDR is the most common technique that can be of widely used. In this presentation,
varieties of stabilization technique that have been used in this population will be addressed. More specifically, as
culturally adjustable method in therapy, this presentation will also introduce several culturally acceptable
stabilization techniques such as combining religious rituals (chanting, reciting) as personal resource with
stabilization technique. These techniques might be useful for other population with similar culture and religion.
Keywords: Armed Conflicts Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, Indonesia Poster Survivors Tsunami
Accuracy Verified: Yes
75. Shapiro, F. (2012). EMDR therapy: An overview of current and future research. Revue Européenne De Psychologie Appliquée/European Review of Applied Psychology, 62(4), 193-195. doi:10.1016/j.erap.2012.09.005.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Introduction:
EMDR therapy is an eight-phase treatment approach widely recognized as a frontline treatment for trauma. Research over the past decade has addressed the utility of the eye movements, mechanism of action and comparisons with other forms of therapy.
Literature and clinical findings:
More than two-dozen randomized controlled trials (RCT) demonstrate the positive effects of EMDR therapy with trauma victims. Comparisons with trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) indicate comparable effects sizes. Approximately 20 additional RCT evaluated the eye movement component of EMDR in isolation, without the rest of the therapy procedures. These studies document a variety of positive effects, including a rapid decrease in distress and reduced clarity of the targeted disturbing image when compared to exposure-only conditions.
Discussion:
Research findings indicate that EMDR therapy and TF-CBT are based on different mechanisms of action in that EMDR therapy does not necessitate daily homework, sustained arousal or detailed descriptions of the event, and appears to take fewer sessions. EMDR is guided by the adaptive information processing model, which posits a wide range of adverse life experiences as the basis of pathology.
Conclusions:
Research is suggested to further explore mechanisms of action and address issues of efficiency and treatment differences. Rigorous research is also needed to investigate additional clinical applications.
Keywords: Research
Accuracy Verified: Yes
76. Oren, U., & Solomon, R. (2012). EMDR therapy: An overview of its development and mechanisms of action. Revue Européenne De Psychologie Appliquée/European Review of Applied Psychology, 62(4), 197-203. doi:10.1016/j.erap.2012.08.005.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Introduction:
This article examines the history and development of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), from Dr. Francine Shapiro's original discovery in 1987, to current findings and future directions for research and clinical practice.
Elements of the literature:
An overview is provided of significant milestones in the evolution of EMDR over the first 20 years, including key events, research and scientific publications, and humanitarian efforts. The authors also describe the Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) model, which is the theoretical basis of the therapy; they address the question of mechanisms of action, and EMDR's specific contribution to the field of psychotherapy.
Discussion:
EMDR is an integrative psychotherapy, which sees dysfunctionally stored memories as the core element of the development of psychopathology. In its view of memory, it integrates information that is sensory, cognitive, emotional and somatic in nature. The EMDR protocol looks at past events that formed the presented problem, at the present situations where the problem is experienced, and at the way, the client would like to deal with future challenges.
Conclusion:
EMDR is a 25-year-old therapy that has accumulated a substantial body of research proving its efficiency, and is now part of many professional treatment guidelines. The research is pointing to its potentially large positive impact in the fields of mental and physical health.
Keywords: Development Mechanisms of Action
Accuracy Verified: Yes
77. Lipke, H. (2001). EMDR und andere ansätze der psychotherapie - Ein integratives modell: Theoretische und klinische empfehlungen mit schwerpunkt auf traumatischem stress [EMDR and other approaches of the psychotherapy - An inclusive model: Theoretical and clinical recommendations focusing on traumatischem stress]. Paderborn: Junfermann.
Language: German
Format: Book
Abstract:
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) wurde vor mehr als zehn Jahren von Dr. Francine Shapiro entwickelt und galt anfangs insbesondere aufgrund nachweislich sehr schneller und überzeugender Behandlungserfolge als eine der ungewöhnlichsten psychotherapeutischen Methoden überhaupt. Aufgrund der positiven Ergebnisse wissenschaftlicher Untersuchungen wird EMDR mittlerweile von vielen Therapeuten erfolgreich eingesetzt.
Im Mittelpunkt des Buches steht das von Lipke entwickelte Vier-Aktivitäten-Modell, eine Ergänzung zu dem von Francine Shapiro (1995) entwickelten AIP-Modell der beschleunigten Informationsverarbeitung. Damit schafft Lipke einen Rahmen für das Verständnis psychotherapeutischer Arbeit im allgemeinen und für die Integration von Shapiros Theorie über die Verarbeitung dysfunktionaler Erinnerungen in die bisherigen Formen psychotherapeutischer Arbeit. Das vorgestellte Modell liefert eine Handlungsanleitung für die Anwendung von EMDR in der therapeutischen Praxis. Dabei kann Lipke auf seine fast dreißigjährige klinische Erfahrung mit traditionelleren Behandlungsansätzen ebenso zurückgreifen wie auf seine über zehnjährige Praxis in der Anwendung und Vermittlung von EMDR. Das Buch ist nicht als Einführung in die Theorie und Praxis von EMDR, sondern eher als Erläuterung der Arbeit mit dieser Methode in einem umfassenderen therapeutischen Zusammenhang gedacht.
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) was developed more than ten years ago by Dr. Francine Shapiro and was initially due in particular proved very fast and impressive treatment success as one of the most unusual methods of psychotherapy in general. Due to the positive results of scientific studies EMDR is now used by many therapists successfully. The focus of the book which is developed by Lipke four activities model, a complement to the Francine Shapiro (1995) developed the AIP model of accelerated information processing. This creates a framework for understanding Lipke psychotherapeutic work in general and for the integration of Shapiro's theory about the dysfunctional processing of memories in the previous forms of psychotherapeutic work. The proposed model provides a guide to action for the application of EMDR in therapeutic practice. It can draw on his nearly thirty years Lipke clinical experience with more traditional treatment approaches as well as on its more than ten years of practice in the use and placement of EMDR. The book is not intended as an introduction to the theory and practice of EMDR, but rather as an explanation of the work with this method in a wider therapeutic context.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
78. Mosconi, A., Pezzolo, M., & Trotta, B. (2012, June). EMDR y terapia sistemica - Puntos de conexión, relectura e integración en el proceso terapéutico [EMDR and systemic psychotherapy - Connection points, new interpretations and integrations in the therapeutic process]. Poster presented at the annual meeting of EMDR Europe, Madrid, Spain .
Language: Spanish
Format: Conference
Abstract:
En el aproche sistémico-relacional del Milán Model, el primer paso para la introducción de un cambio sea al interno de un contexto de terapia individual sea de pareja y/o familiar, es la construcción junto al paciente/sistema familiar de una Hipótesis Sistémica relativo al problema llevado. Tal proceso proporziona
la exploración en profundidad sea sincrónica sea
diacrónica de los contextos relacionales generadores del problema.
La hipótesis con respecto al sistema Relacional coconstruida
en el proceso terapéutico, toca temas
específicos a través de el uso de precisas técnicas locuaces.
Los pilastros de la hipótesis cumplen las dimensiones descritas en el cuadrilátero sistémico en el cual el problema del paciente está conectado en un proceso recursivo a los aspectos interpersonales del contexto de pertenencia.
In the systemic-relational approach of Milan Model, the first step to the introduction of a change both within the context of individual therapy and couple/family one
consists of outlining a Systemic Hypothesis on the given problem together with the patient/family system. This
process involves both synchronic and diachronic indepth exploration of the relational contexts representing the problem generators.
The hypothesis referred to the relational system, outlined together during the therapeutic process, touches specific subjects through the use of specific conversational techniques.
The pillars of the hypothesis comply with the dimensions highlighted in the Systemic Quadrilateral where the problem of the patient is connected to a process related to the interpersonal aspects of his environment.
Keywords: Poster Systemic Psychotherapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
79. Jayatunge, R. (2010, February 25). EMDR – An effective mode of psychotherapy. Sri Lanka Guardian. Retrieved from http://www.srilankaguardian.org/2010/02/emdr-effective-mode-of-psychotherapy.html om 2/30/2010.
Language: English
Format: Newspaper
Abstract:
Introduction of cognitive therapies gave a new hope. Beck and other pioneers in CBT helped a large number of people with emotional problems. Among all contemporary psychotherapies EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) became unique. What is exceptional about EMDR? It is easy to administer, gives quick positive results and no side effects. EMDR facilitates to ease traumatic experiences.
Keywords: General Military Overview
Accuracy Verified: Yes
80. Marshall, J., & Patterson, J. (1992). EMDR, a godsend in the healing process: An introduction to eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. Pasadena, CA: Fuller Theological Seminary, Media Services.
Language: English
Format: Audio
Keywords: Religion
Accuracy Verified: Yes
81. Marshall, J. W. & Patterson, J. (1992). EMDR, a godsend in the healing process: An introduction to eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. Presentation at the 2nd Annual International Congress on Christian Counseling (AACC), Atlanta, GA..
Language: English
Format: Conference
Accuracy Verified: Yes
82. Slootstra, F. (2011). EMDR, het wonder van een zichzelf genezend brein [EMDR, the miracle of self-healing brain]. Maastricht: Shaker Media.
Language: Dutch
Format: Book
Abstract:
Inleiding in EMDR, een eenvoudige therapeutische behandelmethode die ingezet kan worden wanneer men blijvend last heeft van traumatische gebeurtenissen.
Introduction to EMDR, a simple therapeutic method that can be used when permanently suffer from traumatic events.
Keywords: Trauma
Accuracy Verified: Yes
83. Capps, F., Andrade, H., & Cade, R. (2005). EMDR: An approach to healing betrayal wounds in couples counseling. In G. R. Walz & R. K. Yep (Eds.), VISTAS: Compelling Perspectives on Counseling (pp. 107-110). Alexandria, VA: American Counseling Association.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
Since its introduction by Francine Shapiro in
1989, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing
(EMDR) has gained wide acceptance as an efficacious
clinical treatment. It is particularly useful in the
treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (Alto,
2001). Despite its relative novelty, EMDR has been used
to treat survivors, emergency workers, and disaster
relief counselors worldwide. EMDR therapists have
successfully employed EMDR in Oklahoma City,
Belfast, Zagreb, Rwanda, Dunblane, Sarajevo,
Columbine, and Londonderry. EMDR has also been
used in the treatment of PTSD for combat veterans from
World War II, the Korean War, Beirut, and the Vietnam
War (Silver & Rogers, 2002, p. xix). EMDR effects
exceed those of nonspecific effects shared by all
treatments and are independent of client expectations.
Moreover, EMDR effects are at least equal to effects
of cognitive behavioral therapy, and EMDR requires
less time than other models with less client attrition
(Silver & Rogers, p. 254). Importantly, the American
Psychological Association has listed EMDR as an
efficacious treatment for civilian PTSD (Alto, 2001).
Keywords: Betrayal Wounds Couples Counselling Couples Therapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
84. Shapiro, F. (1994, Summer). EMDR: In the eye of a paradigm shift. the Behavior Therapist, 17(7), 153-156.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract:
EMDR is presented by its founder [Shapiro] as a method for allowing long delayed learning to take place through as yet unknown neural mechanisms which are triggered by the repetitive eye movements of the procedure. In Stekete and Goldstein's appraisal of research examining EMDR's effectiveness we begin to see the contours of an empirical response to some of the earlier miraculous and enigmatic clinical case reports using this procedure. [Adapted from Introduction]
Keywords: Professional Criticism Reply Psychophysiology Treatment Effectiveness
Accuracy Verified: Yes
85. Paulsen, S. L. (1993, October). EMDR: An introduction and conceptualization within BASK theory of dissociation. Presentation at the 10th annual meeting of the International Society for the Study of Dissociation, Chicago, IL.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Keywords: Bask Theory Dissociation Dissociative States MPD Multiple Personality Disorder
Accuracy Verified: Yes
86. Perkins, B. (2003). EMDR: An overview. Presentation at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is an active psychological treatment for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). This presentation provides an introduction to the procedure, including an overview of the model and method of EMDR as well as the 14 controlled PTSD research studies and the most recent outcome research in the treatment of civilian and combat-related PTSD. It also suggests the clinical and research parameters which remain to be addressed in the future.
Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: No
87. Shapiro, F., & Forrest, M. S. (1997). EMDR: The breakthrough therapy for overcoming anxiety, stress, and trauma (1st ed). New York: Basic Books.
Language: English
Format: Book
Abstract:
Hailed as the most important method to emerge in psychotherapy in decades, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) has successfully treated psychological problems and illnesses--from depression, phobias, and recurrent nightmares to post-traumatic stress disorders and grief--in more than one million sufferers worldwide, with a rapidity that almost defies belief. This Updated Edition Features a new introduction and new appendices by the author, reflecting the changes and additional research that has been done since the book's original publication. It describes a breakthrough therapy acclaimed by many clinicians and supported by exhaustive research The book also includes an extensive list of EMDR resources and directions for finding and choosing one of the more than 20,000 trained EMDR therapists in the United States Finally, this work presents case histories of people whose lives have been transformed through EMDR. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Anxiety Depression Emotional Trauma Grief Major Depression Mental Disorders Nightmares Phobias Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Stress Therapy Trauma
Accuracy Verified: Yes
88. Cuijpers, A. (2012). EMDR: Experimentele studie naar de werkgeheugentheorie en introductie van de afleidingstheorie [EMDR: Experimental study of the working memory theory and introduction of the distraction theory]. Utrecht, Nederlands: Universiteit Utrecht.
Language: Dutch
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract:
Eye Movement and Desensitisation Reprocessing (EMDR) is al jaren een veelgebruikte
behandelmethode voor Post-traumatische Stresstoornis (PTSS). In voorgaande
onderzoeken werd een verklaringsmechanisme voor het effect van EMDR aangetoond, de
werkgeheugentheorie. Deze studies lieten zien dat de kenmerkende oogbewegingen (EM)
van EMDR als secundaire taak, tijdens het ophalen van de negatieve herinnering, zorgen
voor een afname van emotionaliteit en levendigheid. Dit doordat beide taken competeren
voor het werkgeheugen welke slechts een beperkte capaciteit heeft. Deze studie
onderzoekt een nieuwe theorie, de afleidingstheorie, welk gebruik maakt van visuele ruis
(VN) als alternatieve secundaire taak. Huidig onderzoek richt zich op de vraag of EMDR
verklaard kan worden volgens de actieve werkgeheugen belasting van de EM-taak of
volgens de passieve belasting van de VN-taak. Om beide condities te vergelijken werd
middels een pilot de mate van cognitieve belasting gelijk gemaakt. Aan deze pilot namen
10 participanten deel. Uit de resultaten bleek dat een vertraagde cyclus van 8 seconde
voor een gelijke belasting zorgde voor alle condities.
In totaal namen er 30 participanten aan dit onderzoek deel. Het eerste deel van het
onderzoek bestond uit een reactietijdtijdtaak (RT) bestaande uit RT alleen, RT+EM en
RT+VN. Het tweede deel bestond uit het ophalen van de herinnering alleen,
herinneren+EM en herinneren+VN. Tijdens het tweede deel werd tevens bij iedere meting
de emotionaliteit en levendigheid van de herinnering gemeten. De werkgeheugentheorie
voorspelt dat (a) na de interventie de mate van levendigheid en emotionaliteit bij
herinneren + EM significant lager zal zijn voor de interventie en dat (b) de gemiddelde
daling van de score van herinneren + EM in vergelijking met de andere twee condities
groter zal zijn. De afleidingstheorie voorspelt dat (a) na de interventie de mate van
levendigheid en emotionaliteit bij herinneren + VN significant lager zal zijn voor de
interventie en dat (b) het gevonden effect groter is dan herinneren alleen en gelijk aan
herinneren + EM.
Uit de resultaten blijkt dat beide hypothesen niet bevestigd kunnen worden. Er is te zien
dat visuele ruis in vergelijking met de voor- en nameting, tegen de verwachting in, bij
zowel emotionaliteit als levendigheid voor een grotere daling van de scores zorgt in
vergelijking met oogbewegingen en de controleconditie. Wanneer er werd gekeken naar de
tussenmetingen was er te zien dat de scores van visuele ruis (oogbewegingen +
levendigheid) in het midden lagen tussen herinneren alleen en oogbewegingen in.
Verklaringen en aanbevelingen worden besproken.
Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) has been a commonly used method of treatment for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). In previous studies, an explanation mechanism for the effect of EMDR demonstrated the working memory theory. These studies showed that the characteristic eye movements (EM) of EMDR as a secondary task during retrieval of negative memories, ensuring a reduction of emotionality and vividness. This is because both tasks compete for the main memory to which only has a limited capacity. This study examines a new theory, the theory derivation, which uses visual noise (UN) as alternative secondary task. Current research focuses on the question whether EMDR can be explained by the active working memory load of the EM task or by the passive load of the UN mission. In order to compare both conditions was a pilot held the degree of cognitive load equal. 10 participants in this pilot took part. The results showed that a delayed cycle of 8 seconds for an equal load caused all conditions. In total there are 30 participants in this study. The first part of the study consisted of a reaction time task (RT) consisting of RT alone, RT + RT + EM and UN. The second part consisted of retrieving the memory only, recall + EM and recall + UN. During the second part was also in each measurement the emotionality and vividness of the memory were measured. The working memory theory predicts that (a) after the intervention the degree of vividness and emotionality in recall + EM significantly lower for the intervention and (b) the average decrease of the score of recall + EM compared to the other two conditions greater will be. The derivation theory predicts that (a) after the intervention the degree of vividness and emotionality in recall + UN significantly lower for the intervention and (b) the observed effect is greater than and equal to only remember remind + EM. The results show that both hypotheses can not be confirmed. It can be seen that visual noise in comparison with the pre-and post-test, contrary to expectation, both emotionality and vividness to a larger decrease in the scores causes compared with eye movements and the control condition. When it was examined between the measurements was to see that the scores of visual noise (eye movements + vividness) in the middle layer between recall and eye movements only in. Statements and recommendations are discussed.
Keywords: Distraction Memory Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
89. Johannesson, K. B. (2011, June). EMDR: An integrative psychotherapy approach for working with trauma based disorders. Pre-conference presentation at the 12th European Conference on Traumatic Stress (ECOTS), Vienna, Austria .
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
EMDR is a trauma-focused method for treating PTSD and painful memories. The method integrates elements from several psychotherapeutic schools such as cognitive, behavioural, and psychodynamic orientations. Although there are elements of free associations during processing, the treatment follows a structured protocol with components of dosed exposure. The method has been noticed for its elements of bilateral stimulation; however it has been considered that several parts of the method contribute to its effectiveness. For a single traumatic experience, usually only a few sessions seem to be required even if in complex cases the length of treatment can become quite extended. In its original form EMDR was developed for adults, but the method can easily be adapted also for children.
The first study was published in 1989 by Francine Shapiro, the inventor of EMDR, demonstrating that clients after three sessions of EMDR did not longer meet criteria for PTSD. Her publication was met by both interest and scepticism. Today EMDR is widely accepted and practiced by psychotherapists in many countries throughout the world.
Guidelines from the International Society of Traumatic Stress Studies recommend EMDR for the treatment of PTSD and British researchers have found that EMDR is equally effective as trauma-focussed CBT for chronic PTSD.
This workshop will give an introduction to EMDR: explaining the theoretical model underlying the method, presenting the structure of a session, and discussing suggested mechanisms of action. In addition some case examples will be highlighted.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
90. Shapiro, F. & Forrest, M. S. (2008). EMDR: Una terapia revolucionaria para superar la ansiedad, el estrés y los traumas [EMDR: The breakthrough therapy for overcoming anxiety, stress and trauma]. Barcelona: Kairós.
Language: Spanish
Format: Book
Abstract:
Accesible y bien documentado, este examen provee una introducción al método innovador de terapia de desensibilización y reprocesamiento a través de los movimientos oculares (EMDR, según su sigla en inglés)—una terapia de corto plazo para tratar a víctimas de traumas que utiliza estimulación rítmica como el movimiento de ojos o palmaditas de mano—y describe sus diferentes aplicaciones. Se provee una serie de testimonios de algunos de los casi dos millones de pacientes tratados con EMDR para demostrar la eficacia de esta revolucionaria técnica.
Accessible and well documented, this examination provides an introduction to the groundbreaking method of eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)—a short-term therapy for treating trauma victims that utilizes rhythmical stimulation such as eye movement or hand taps—and describes its application in various cases. Several case studies from some of the nearly two million patients who have been treated with EMDR are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of this revolutionary technique.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
91. Shapiro, F. (1999). EMDR: Working with grief. Phoenix, AZ: Zeig Tucker and Co.
Language: English
Format: Video
Abstract:
Sit in on therapy with the masters! This video is part of the innovative "Brief Therapy Inside Out" series - a unique series that puts you directly in the therapy room to watch as leading therapists demonstrate their approaches in 45-minute, unrehearsed clinical sessions with real clients (not actors).
EMDR founder Francine Shapiro has trained over 30,000 clinicians worldwide in her unique approach to the treatment of trauma. Known formally as Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, EMDR has been used successfully in critical incident work with victims of such tragedies as the Oklahoma City bombing, with both single-incident rape and incest survivors, with survivors of chronic abuse, even with treatment-resistant Vietnam vets.
Here, Shapiro illustrates her eight-phase EMDR protocol with Angie, a recovering addict struggling with the sudden loss of her lover. While the exact neural mechanisms underlying EMDR are still not precisely understood, what is clear is that with skilled use of this potent reprocessing treatment, painful experiences that used to take months or years to treat have been resolved in as few as one to three 90-minute sessions. The videotape provides a singular introduction to this powerful approach as demonstrated by its extremely skilled founder.
The clinical session is preceded by an introductory interview with series hosts Drs. Jon Carlson and Diane Kjos in which Shapiro explains basic principles underlying her approach. The video closes with a Q&A segment in which key interactions from the eight-phase treatment protocol are replayed and discussed. 95 minutes.
Keywords: Grief
Accuracy Verified: Yes
92. Grand, D. (2003). Emotional healing at warp speed: The power of EMDR. New York: Present Tents Publishing.
Language: English
Format: Book
Abstract:
In the introduction to his new book, Emotional Healing at Warp Speed: The Power of EMDR, Dr. David Grand tells the story of his personal discovery of EMDR, opening his eyes to a whole new world. Throughout this energetic book, the reader shares his story, the shaping of a true adventurer in the field, reaching into new areas of emotional healing and well-being.
Dr. David Grand celebrates creativity. He combines the courage to step outside of the conventional, while maintaining a strong allegiance to the EMDR model and Francine Shapiro’s principles. I have enjoyed following his rise in the field over the past few years, participating in his lively and well-attended workshops here in London, and using his BioLateral CD’s with much success. Most of all, I admire his sincere approach to the puzzles of life. Wherever possible, he depathologises and enlightens the human condition. His is a supremely optimistic book.
Keywords: Biography Creativity
Accuracy Verified: No
93. Leone, J., & Dayton, J. (1994). Enhance EMDR outcome through additional saccades: Case study. EMDR Network Newsletter, 4(1), 5-6.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract:
A 47-year-old, self-employed businessman, referred for treatment after a near fatal heart attack, was treated with EMDR 6 months after the trauma, and 4 months following his introduction to psychotherapy. though financially successful, he continued to be "driven" toward seeking acclamation from his colleagues. The physician who made the referral did so on the assumption that this client required a significant life style change to decrease stress and workaholic behavior.
Keywords: Saccades
Accuracy Verified: Yes
94. Keller, M. (2010, July). Enhancing EMDR with mindfulness skills. Presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
“Enhancing EMDR with Mindfulness Skills”
1. Introduction and overview of the evolution of mindfulness practice.
2. Current uses of mindfulness in clinical practice.
3. Summary of research.
4. Similarities between mindfulness and EMDR:
a. Just noticing,
b. “Go with that”,
c. Becoming less reactive to mental content,
d. Living in the present.
5. Enhancing EMDR:
a. Increasing awareness of images, thoughts, emotions, and body sensations,
b. Increasing trust to allow the mind to spontaneously process memory networks,
c. Improving reprocessing between sessions,
d. Reducing reactivity to current and future distress,
e. Improve attunement of the therapist.
6. Brief mindfulness practice and conclusion.
Keywords: Mindfulness Skills
Accuracy Verified: Yes
95. Shapiro, F. (1996, September). Errors of context and review of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing research. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 27(3), 313-317. doi:10.1016/S0005-7916(96)00035-3 .
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
The development of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) has been marked by an emphasis on research, beginning with its introduction by a controlled study in 1989. However, misconceptions regarding the method abound. A recent inaccurate literature review demonstrates the need for more careful scrutiny. To date, 12 controlled studies have been completed in the area of PTSD, most of which support EMDR's efficacy. Nevertheless, a careful examination of a number of studies and of a recent literature review reveal the need for greater methodological rigor and higher clinical standards in both the research and research evaluation process. [Author Summary]
Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Professional Criticism PTSD Scientific Research
Accuracy Verified: Yes
96. Crystal, S. (2010, March). Evidence based practice and practice based evidence: Improving effectiveness and efficiency in EMDR practice. Presentation at the 8th EMDR Association UK & Ireland Annual Conference & AGM, Dublin, Ireland.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
There have been over five “gold standard” studies supporting the importance of routine
measurement of outcome in clinical practice. However, no measures that take more than 5
minutes would appeal to clinicians. The Outcome Rating Scale (ORS or Child ORS) and the
Session Rating Scale (SRS or Child SRS) are both four-item measures developed to track
outcome and the therapeutic alliance, respectively. The measures have been tested and
correlated to other reputable measures for their robust reliability, validity and most
importantly feasibility. In addition, these measures are a clinical tool for the EMDR
practitioner as, it takes under a minute to score and, it helps to focus each session on what
is relevant for the client; giving us the opportunity to tailor and pace the protocol to a
better” fit” for each particular client; offering us a chance to improve our drop out rates.
Learning points:
1) Updated research information on the importance of using client’s feedback in
everyday practice;
2) Introduction of brief measures that can have immediate application in your EMDR
practice.
3) Learn about a system that can help you learn about and increase your
effectiveness as a therapist in comparison to a normative data of thousands of
practitioners.
4) How to download for free and to use routine outcome measures to monitor the
quality of the therapeutic relationship and to inform the fit between the EMDR
and the clients’ perceptions.
Keywords: Client Feedback ORS Outcome Measures Outcome Rating Scale Research Session Rating Scale SRS Gold Standard
Accuracy Verified: Yes
97. Smyth, N. J. (2004, April 23). Evidence-based and best practice treatment of trauma: An introduction to treatments for individuals. Presentation at University of Buffalo School of Social Work Alumni Day.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Accuracy Verified: Yes
98. Fernandez, I. (2001, Aprile). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Psicoterapia Cognitiva e Comportamentale, 7(1), 35.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
L'articolo di J. Wolpe e J. Abrams presenta un caso trattato nel 1991 con Eye Movement Desensitization (EMD), erano le prime applicazioni cliniche dopo la scoperta di F. Shapiro nel 1989 dell'azione dei movimenti oculari sullo stress traumatico e sulle situazioni ansiogene. Negli anni successivi l'EMD è diventato EMDR, infatti, la desensibilizzazione è il primo effetto che avviene durante una seduta dove viene applicata la stimolazione bilaterale, ma successivamente l'osservazione massiccia ed approfondita degli effetti clinici di questo metodo terapeutico ha rivelato che il processo che avviene è molto più complesso. È stato notato che simultaneamente alla desensibilizzazione avviene una ristrutturazione cognitiva e che entrambe sono il risultato dell'elaborazione dell'informazione legata ai ricordi traumatici. Nel lavoro realizzato con la paziente Shirley, Wolpe descrive tutta la storia di terapie a cui era stata sottoposta fino a quel momento che però non erano riuscite ad affrontare e risolvere l'esperienza traumatica della violenza sessuale. L'EMDR è stato efficace perché ha lavorato sul piano neurofisiologico, dove l'informazione è immagazzinata in modo disfunzionale ed è accessibile soltanto a questo livello, infatti, le terapie prettamente verbali non sempre riescono ad accedere e ad agire su questo piano e di conseguenza non riescono a modificare gli aspetti clinici legati alle esperienze di stress traumatico. Il programma terapeutico di Wolpe per l'introduzione dell'EMDR si è focalizzato inizialmente sull'esperienza traumatica della violenza (2 sedute) e dopo aver elaborato l'esperienza in sé sono stati individuati altri bisogni terapeutici legati all'ansia sociale e agli spunti agorafobici. Le 5 sedute successive sono state utilizzate per la desensibilizzazione di una serie di situazioni a cui era stato attribuito dalla paziente un valore della scala SUD. Si è iniziato dalla situazione più ansiogena (85) nella scala SUD e anziché utilizzare il rilassamento proprio della desensibilizzazione sistematica, sono stati realizzati movimenti oculari. La paziente riportava una riduzione dell'ansia dopo ogni set di stimolazione bilaterale e l'immagine della situazione temuta tendeva a sparire e in alcune situazioni addirittura diventava positiva. La ristrutturazione cognitiva è avvenuta nella paziente in modo spontaneo man mano che la terapia procedeva, fino a riportare che poteva camminare per strada sentendosi una cittadina normale, avendo un progetto per il futuro, inoltre aveva smesso quasi completamente di bere e si sentiva che un peso si era sollevato dalle sue spalle. Riportava di essere più rilassata sul lavoro, si godeva le passeggiate solitarie sulla spiaggia, aveva cominciato a curare il suo aspetto fisico e aveva iniziato ad avere interesse per gli uomini e ad avvicinarsi a qualcuno, ha riportato che non temeva più di essere violentata e non aveva più i pensieri suicidi e gli autori hanno ritenuto la terapia conclusa. I risultati si sono mantenuti ai vari follow up realizzati nel tempo. Quindi possiamo vedere i risultati della terapia con EMDR a livello cognitivo, nelle attribuzioni che fa del mondo e di se stessa, differenziando i pericoli veri da quelli meramente ansiogeni, soggettivo per quello che la paziente riporta emotivamente e a livello comportamentale, dove ha messo in atto dei nuovi comportamenti adattivi in modo spontaneo. Nella parte conclusiva gli autori menzionano una serie di 100 casi che sarebbero stati pubblicati nel Journal of Behaviour Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry e si augurano che altre pubblicazioni potessero rispondere al bisogno di delucidare i meccanismi che permettono questi cambiamenti dopo una seduta di EMDR. Come si evince dagli articoli che vengono pubblicati in questo numero la ricerca, il lavoro empirico e le osservazioni cliniche hanno dato un grande contributo in questo senso negli ultimi anni. Sull'EMDR sono stati pubblicati più di 150 articoli che ne dimostrano la efficacia. Tra le riviste scientifiche più accreditate dove sono pubblicati dei lavori di ricerca sull'EMDR troviamo: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, British Journal of Clinical Psychology, Journal of Anxiety Disorders, Journal of Behaviour and experimental psychiatry, Behavioural and Cognitive psychotherapy, Behaviour Therapy, Journal of traumatic stress, The Clinical Psychologist, Journal of Psychotherapy integration, Harvard Mental Health letter, Journal of Clinical psychology, Psychotherapy, British Journal of Psychiatry, International Journal of Psychiatry. Inoltre, sono stati pubblicati libri e manuali per terapeuti tradotti in varie lingue (in Italia dall'Astrolabio e dalla Mc Graw Hill Italia). Inoltre, recentemente, l'International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ISTSS) ha stabilito e comunicato che l'EMDR è uno dei metodi terapeutici più rapidi ed efficaci per superare e risolvere il disturbo post-traumatico da stress.
The article by J. Wolpe, J. Abrams has a case treated in 1991 with Eye Movement Desensitization (EMD), were the first clinical applications since the discovery of F. Shapiro in 1989 of the eye movements on traumatic stress and anxiety-provoking situations. In subsequent years the EMD became EMDR, in fact, the first effect is the desensitization that occurs during a session where the stimulation is applied bilaterally, but then observing massive and thorough clinical effects of this therapy revealed that the process that takes place is much more complex. It was noted that desensitization occurs simultaneously with a cognitive restructuring, and that both are the result of information related to traumatic memories. In work done with the patient Shirley, Wolpe describes the history of therapies that had been subjected up to that point but had failed to address and resolve the traumatic experience of sexual violence. EMDR was effective because he worked on the neurophysiological level, where information is stored in a dysfunctional and is accessible only at this level, in fact, purely verbal therapies are not always able to access and act on this plan and therefore can not modify the clinical aspects related to the experience of traumatic stress. The treatment plan for the introduction of Wolpe EMDR focused initially traumatic experience of violence (2 sessions) and after processing the experience itself more therapeutic needs were identified related to social anxiety and agoraphobic cues . 5 The subsequent sessions were used for the desensitization of a variety of situations to which the patient was given a value of SUD scale. It was started by the most anxiety-inducing situation (85) in the scale instead of using SUD and their relaxation in systematic desensitization, eye movements were made. The patient reported a reduction in anxiety after each set of bilateral stimulation and the image of the feared situation, and tended to disappear in some situations even became positive. The cognitive restructuring has taken place in the patient spontaneously as the therapy progressed, he could bring up to walk down the street feeling like a normal citizen, having a vision for the future, also had almost completely stopped drinking and felt that a weight had lifted from his shoulders. Reported to be more relaxed at work, enjoyed solitary walks on the beach, he began to treat her physical appearance and had started to have interest to men and to approach someone, reported that no longer feared being raped and not had more suicidal thoughts and the authors have considered the therapy ended. The results were maintained at various follow-up made in time. So we can see the results of EMDR therapy at the cognitive level, which is within the functions of the world and of itself, differentiating the real dangers than mere anxiety, subjective to what the patient experiences emotional and behavioral level, where he implemented of new adaptive behaviors in a spontaneous way. In the concluding section the authors refer to a series of 100 cases were published in the Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry and hope that other publications might respond to the need to elucidate the mechanisms that allow these changes after a session of EMDR. It is clear from articles published in this issue the research, the empirical work and clinical observations have given a great contribution in this direction in recent years. EMDR has been published over 150 articles which demonstrate its effectiveness. Among the most accredited scientific journals which are published on EMDR research work are: the Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, British Journal of Clinical Psychology, Journal of Anxiety Disorders, Journal of Behavior and Experimental Psychiatry, Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, Behaviour Therapy , Journal of Traumatic Stress, The Clinical Psychologist, Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, Harvard Mental Health Letter, American Journal of Clinical Psychology, Psychotherapy, British Journal of Psychiatry, International Journal of Psychiatry. Were also published books and manuals for therapists translated into several languages (in Italy and the McGraw Hill dall'Astrolabio Italy). In addition, recently, the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ISTSS) has established and communicated that EMDR is one of the fastest and most effective treatment methods to overcome and resolve the post-traumatic stress disorder.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
99. Albright, D. L., Thyer, B., Becker, B. J., & Rubin, A. (2011, November). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in combat veterans. Oslow, Norway: The Campbell Collaboration. Retrieved from www.campbellcollaboration.org on 2/16/2012.
Language: English
Format: Other
Abstract:
EMDR was introduced as a treatment modality about twenty five years ago (Shapiro, 1989). EMDR has eight treatment phases. The first three stages include: 1) history taking; 2) preparation (introduction to the EMDR protocol, coping strategies and affect management techniques) and 3) assessment (bringing to mind an image of a traumatic incident, identifying beliefs and emotions associated with that incident, rating the degree of disturbance felt in recalling the traumatic incident, and rating the validity of preferred cognitions about oneself). During the next phase desensitization the core component of the intervention is implemented. It involves using a dual attention/bilateral stimulation procedure that aims to reprocess the disturbing emotions and cognitions associated with the traumatic incident. The client is instructed to keep in mind the image, beliefs and cognitions while simultaneously visually tracking the therapist’ s fingers as they are moved back and forth in front of the client in a prescribed manner. (Bilateral tactile taps or auditory tones are used instead of eye movements for clients who have difficulty visually tracking.) Bilateral stimulation is also used during the next two phases - installation and body scan - which aim to install a positive cognition to replace the negative cognition associated with the trauma and to reprocess any remaining bodily sensations. During the next phase closure the client is advised about what to do between sessions if experiencing distress. The final phase re-evaluation occurs at the start of the next session and involves identifying and reprocessing any residual material from the previous session or that arose between sessions. The length of treatment sessions varies, but typically lasts from 60 to 90 minutes. The number of treatment sessions also varies, ranging between 5 and 15 sessions. [Excerpt]
Keywords: Combat Veterans Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
100. Greenwald, R. (2001, 1999). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in child and adolescent psychotherapy. Northvale, New Jersey: Jason Aronson.
Language: English
Format: Book
Abstract:
This book serves several functions. First, it provides an introduction to a trauma-based integrative approach to child and adolescent psychotherapy, incorporating the selective use of EMDR. It also provides a practical reference for clinicians seeking both theoretical and technical guidance on how to use EMDR with children and adolescents, and it serves as a documented standard of care for training and research purposes. [Text, p. xxvi] [Pilots]
Keywords: Adolescents Children Stressors Survivors
Accuracy Verified: Yes
101. Tarquinio, C., Brennstuhl, M. -J., Rydberg, J. A., Schmitt, A., Mouda, F., Lourel, M., & Tarquinio, P. (2012, October). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy dans le traitement des victimes de violences conjugales: Étude pilote [Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy in the treatment of victims of domestic violence: A pilot study]. Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliquée, 62(4), 205–212 .
Language: French
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Introduction
Cette recherche décrit les effets du traitement EMDR sur les victimes de violences conjugales.
Objectif
Le but de cette étude était de mettre en évidence l’efficacité de l’EMDR dans la réduction des symptômes d’ESPT, d’anxiété et de dépression.
Méthode
Trente-six femmes ont participé à cette étude, 12 ont été traitées avec l’EMDR, 12 avec une approche de psychothérapie éclectique et 12 ont été assignées au groupe témoin.
Résultat
Les femmes ayant bénéficiées de la thérapie EMDR ont vu leurs scores aux différentes échelles (ESPT, dépression, anxiété) baisser significativement, comparativement à ceux de la condition psychothérapie éclectique. Les deux approches psychothérapeutiques ont conduit à des scores significativement plus réduits après traitement que ceux obtenus par le groupe témoin. Ces effets se sont maintenus six mois après l’intervention. Enfin, les tailles d’effet pour les scores IES et STAI sont plus élevées pour les sujets traités avec la thérapie EMDR.
Conclusion
Cette étude a répondu à nos attentes montrant ainsi tout l’intérêt de l’approche EMDR.
Introduction:
The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of EMDR in reducing PTSD symptoms, anxiety and depression.
Method:
Thirty-six women participated in this study; 12 were treated with EMDR, 12 received eclectic psychotherapy, and 12 were assigned to the control group.
Result:
Women in the EMDR condition showed significantly reduced PTSD and anxiety compared with those in the eclectic psychotherapy condition. The two psychotherapy approaches led to significantly reduced scores (PTSD, depression, anxiety) after treatment compared to the control group. These effects were maintained at the 6-month follow-up. Finally, effect sizes for the IES and STAI scores were greater for the subjects in the EMDR condition.
Conclusion:
This study met our expectations in the sense that our findings confirm the advantages and the potential of EMDR.
Keywords: Anxiety Depression Domestic Violence Eclectic Psychotherapy Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
102. Shapiro, F. (1998). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): Accelerated information processing and affect-driven constructions. Crisis Intervention and Time-Limited Treatment, 4(2-3), 145-157 .
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Serves as an introduction to the primary concepts and procedures of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), as well as briefly reviews the present state of research on its efficacy in the area of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). EMDR is a complex method that incorporates salient aspects of many of the major therapeutic modalities. The basic underlying principles are elucidated in the Accelerated Information Processing model which posits the ability to directly access and process dysfunctional perceptions that were stored at the time of the traumatic event. These state-dependent perceptions are considered the primary cause of posttraumatic stress symptomatology. Additionally, rigid and maladaptive schemata are assumed to be caused by earlier life experiences that are dysfunctionally stored. The primary goal of EMDR is to release clients from the non-adaptive bonds of the past, thereby providing them with the ability to make positive and flexible choices in the present. Current research on EMDR substantiates its ability to rapidly and effectively process the targeted event and attendant traumata. The eight phases of treatment are considered necessary to resolve the somatically-based pathologies. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Primary Concepts and Procedures
Accuracy Verified: Yes
103. Paulsen, S. L. (1993, October). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Its role in the treatment of dissociative disorder. Multiple personality/dissociative states: Dissociation: the next ten years. International Society for the Study of Dissociation Fall Conference, Chicago, IL. Rush University.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Eye Movement Desenitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a procedure which uses saccadic eye movements as part of a protrocol to detoxify disturbing memories. EMDR has attracted significant attention because of its claims to facilitate recall of repressed material and to relieve the anxiety rapidly. Some patients are able to recall and resolve a disturbing memory during a single session of EMDR, although complex memories require longer. Shapiro (1989, 1991) first described the use of EMDR in patients with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, and other case studies have described similar results (Wolpe and Abrams, 1991; Kleinknecht & Morgan, 1992). Prelimary studies in larger groups have been reported (Solomon, 1993; Daniels, 1993; Wilson, 1993). This session will discuss the use of EMDR in patients with dissociative disorders.
This session will present the use of EMDR in three areas of the treatment of dissociative disorders: 1) accessing dissociated BASK elements, 2) crisis management, and 3) abreaction. This will be followed by a discussion involving two senior clinicians, Dr. Walter Young, MD, and Richard Lowenstein, MD. A general question and answer will follow.
1. Sandra Paulsen, PhD., will open the session with a general introduction to EMDR and an overview of the general principles of treatment. Following this, she will present a conceptual framework for understanding the use of EMDR insociative disorders using Braun's BASK model. A videotape will be presented which demonstrates the reassociation, one at a time, of BASK elements.
2) Silke Vogelmann-Sine, PhD, will present cases illustrating the use of EMDR in the management of patients in crisis. It will be suggested that the relief provided by EMDR is long-lasting and that EMDR is a cost-effective way to prevent hospitalizations.
3) Steven Lazrove, MD, will discuss the use of EMDR in abreaction. It is proposed that EMDR allows the abreactive work to progress quiickly without traumatizing the patient. This hyposesis will be supported by the presentation of a case including a videotape of the patient's initial EMDR session.
The purpose of this symposium is to expose clinicians to the use of EMDR in dissociative disorders, only. It is not intended to substitute for formal training in use of EMDR.
Keywords: Dissociative Disorder
Accuracy Verified: Yes
104. Shapiro, F. (1994, January/February). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: A new treatment for trauma and the whole person, Part I. Treating Abuse Today, 4(1), 5-13.
Language: English
Format: Magazine
Abstract:
Discusses the theory, process, and results of EMDR, and offers preliminary data on its effectiveness. [Adapted from Introduction] [Pilots]
Keywords: Treatment Effectiveness
Accuracy Verified: Yes
105. Shapiro, F. (1994, March/April). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: A new treatment for trauma and the whole person, Part II. Treating Abuse Today, 4(2), 12-19.
Language: English
Format: Magazine
Abstract:
Discusses the procedure for the EMDR method, and presents a case illustration. [Adapted from Introduction]
Keywords: Treatment Effectiveness
Accuracy Verified: Yes
106. Erwin, T. M. (2001). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: A critical analysis. Columbus, OH: Ohio University.
Language: English
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract:
Since Shapiro's introduction of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) in 1989, it has been a highly controversial therapeutic technique. Critical reviews of Shapiro's initial study have highlighted many methodological shortcomings in her work. And early empirical research that followed Shapiro's original study has been criticized for using small samples, using limited or nonrepresentative samples, or issues of treatment integrity. Research on EMDR has dramatically increased in both quantity and methodological rigor since the mid-1990s. Moreover, since its first appearance in the literature, EMDR has undergone a number of modifications. This article reviews key research conducted on EMDR since 1995 (using university students and war veterans), highlights issues of concern raised by researchers, and discusses the implications of these findings for the clinical counselor.
Keywords: Counseling Techniques Counseling Theories Criticism Evaluation Methods Eye Movements Research Problems Therapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
107. Miller, J. R. (1994, September-October). Eye movement desensitization reprocessing: Application on the battlefield. Army Medical Department Journal, 33-36.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Battle fatigue is an exceptionally stressful condition that can be very difficult to treat. It is aprofessional
opinion that recovery can be dramatically improved by the introduction of Eye Movement Desensitization
Reprocessing ( EMDR). Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing, used in a far forward capacity during
combat, can expedite the return to duty of soldiers who experience battle fatigue. More rigorous studies on
the application of EMDR as a therapeutic intervention for combat stress and battle fatigue are suggested.
Keywords: Battlefield Military
Accuracy Verified: Yes
108. Affonso, S. D. S. (2012, Novembro). Família vítima de sequestro em cativeiro: Intervenção com EMDR e protocolo grupal integrativo como prevenção do transtorno de estresse pós-traumático [Family kidnap victim in captivity: Intervention with EMDR protocol and group integrative prevention of disorder like post-traumatic stress]. In EMDR em traumas. Apresentação no II Congresso Brasileiro de EMDR, Brasília, Brasil.
Language: Portuguese
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Introdução: Caso de sequestro familiar onde pai e dois filhos pequenos ficaram em cativeiro por 19 horas. Mãe teve que acompanhar os outros assaltantes durante toda a ação criminosa sob ameaça de morte. Objetivo: Reestruturação da dinâmica familiar pós-trauma de sequestro por meio da aplicação do EMDR, Grupal (PGI) e sistêmico familiar como recurso teórico e prático da resolução do trauma. Justificativa: Aplicação do EMDR como instrumento eficaz e mediador em situações de sequestro familiar, minimizando suas consequências. Empoderar a família para uma reorganização segura reincorporando as atividades do cotidiano e as biopsicossociais. Os componentes desta família foram vítimas de violência urbana com abusos emocionais físicos e ameaças de morte constantes. Metodologia: Foram realizado sete atendimentos. O primeiro com o Protocolo Grupal Integrativo (Suds e Voc - projeção do futuro com 03 membros da família) e o restante com o EMDR individual (CN-CP-Voc-E-S-Suds) e Sistêmico Familiar. Período de julho a novembro de 2011 em consultório particular na região de São Paulo. Conclusão: ao término dos atendimentos foi possível observar a capacidade de reorganização da dinâmica familiar com a resolução dos traumas por meio da aplicação do EMDR. Possibilitando o retorno gradativo dos filhos às atividades diárias e escolares, com o término dos pesadelos e comportamentos fisiológicos decorrentes do trauma sofrido, confirmando, assim, a potencialidade que o EMDR individual, grupal fortalecem e recuperam a reestruturação familiar pós-trauma em sequestro.
Introduction: Case of kidnapping family where father and two small children were in captivity for 19 hours. Mother had to follow the other robbers throughout the criminal action under threat of death. Objective: Restructuring family dynamics posttraumatic sequestration through the application of EMDR Group (PGI) and systemic family as a resource of theoretical and practical resolution of trauma. Rationale: Application of EMDR as an effective tool and mediator in situations of family abduction, minimizing their consequences. Empower the family to secure a reorganization reincorporating everyday activities and biopsychosocial. The components of this family were victims of urban violence with physical and emotional abuse constant death threats. Methods: We conducted seven sessions. The first Protocol to the Integrative Group (Suds and Voc - projection of the future with 03 family members) and the rest with the individual EMDR (CN-CP-You-ES-Suds) and Systemic Family. From July to November 2011 in private practice in the region of São Paulo. Conclusion: At the end of the visits was possible to observe the ability of reorganization of family dynamics with the resolution of trauma through the application of EMDR. Allowing the gradual return of the children to their daily activities and school, with the end of nightmares and physiological behaviors resulting from trauma, thereby confirming the potential that the EMDR individual, group and strengthen the family restructuring recover post-trauma in kidnapping.
Keywords: Family Restructuring Trauma Victims
Accuracy Verified: Yes
109. Zampieri, M. J. (2012, Novembro). Fibromialgia e EMDR: Estudo de série de casos com seguimento [Fibromyalgia and EMDR: A case series study with follow-up]. In EMDR e fibromialgia. Apresentação no II Congresso Brasileiro de EMDR, Brasília, Brasil.
Language: Portuguese
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Introdução: A fibromialgia caracteriza-se por dores frequentes, intensas e limitantes, interferindo em diferentes aspectos da vida, associando-se a baixa autoestima, e, muitas vezes à depressão. O diagnóstico e o tratamento da fibromialgia ainda constituem um desafio na área da saúde, muitas vezes redundando em frequentes frustrações. Por outro lado, o EMDR criado por Shapiro tem sido alvo de muitas pesquisas sobre tratamento de dor crônica. Nesse estudo objetivou-se averiguar a eficácia do EMDR como coadjuvante no tratamento da fibromialgia. Método: Estudo de seguimento de uma série de dois casos com diagnóstico de fibromialgia já em tratamento médico, a partir da inclusão do EMDR. As pacientes foram submetidas aos inventários de Beck e Escala de Impacto de Eventos, além de levantamento gráfico subjetivo de dor. Além disso, a cada encontro levantou-se os remédios prescritos pelo médico. O seguimento por 9 meses incluiu avaliações antes, intermeio, final e após a psicoterapia. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram-se satisfatórios, com declínio da dor e alteração significante nos itens averiguados. Conclusão: A psicoterapia com EMDR é um recurso valioso para o tratamento da fibromialgia, e apresenta resultados expressivos tanto sobre a dor como em aspectos comórbidos, tais como a depressão, ansiedade e desesperança, ampliando os recursos internos com repercussão positiva no enfrentamento diminuindo o impacto de eventos nos sujeitos estudados. Deve ser cogitado como coadjuvantes no tratamento da fibromialgia.
Introduction: Fibromyalgia is characterized by pain frequent, intense and disabling, interfering with different aspects of life and is associated with low self-esteem, and often depression. The diagnosis and treatment of fibromyalgia is still a challenge in healthcare, often in redounding frequent frustrations. On the other hand, created by Shapiro EMDR has been the subject of much research on the treatment of chronic pain. This study aimed to examine the efficacy of EMDR as an adjunct in the treatment of fibromyalgia. Methods: Follow-up study of a series of two cases already diagnosed with fibromyalgia in medical treatment, from the inclusion of EMDR. The patients were submitted to the Beck inventories and Impact of Events Scale, and graphic survey of subjective pain. Furthermore, each encounter rose medicines prescribed by a doctor. The follow-up evaluations included nine months before, intermeio, final and after psychotherapy. Results: The results were satisfactory, decreasing pain and significant changes in the items checked. Conclusion: Psychotherapy with EMDR is a valuable resource for the treatment of fibromyalgia, and presents significant results on both pain and comorbid aspects, such as depression, anxiety and hopelessness, expanding domestic resources with positive impact in reducing the impact coping events in the subjects studied. Should be contemplated as adjuncts in the treatment of fibromyalgia.
Keywords: Beck Depression Inventory Case Study Fibromyalgia Tracking
Accuracy Verified: Yes
110. Lipke, H. (1996 June). A four activity model of psychotherapy and its relationship to eye movement desensitization and reprocessing and other methods of psychotherapy. Traumatology, 2(2), 1-8. doi:10.1177/153476569600200201 .
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
This paper presents a general, information processing, model of psychotherapy based on Shapiro's EMDR, that includes both recently developed and traditional psychotherapy methods. It is posited that methods of psychotherapy can be conceptualized as employing up to four categories of activity to promote adaptive functioning. These activities include: (1) accessing of information already acquired; (2) introduction of new information; (3) facilitation of the processing of information; (4) inhibition of accessing. The third category, facilitation of processing, includes abstract activity, and represents a relatively new development in psychotherapy. [Author Abstract]
Keywords: Cognitive Processes Psychotherapeutic Processes
Accuracy Verified: Yes
111. Adler-Tapia, R., & Settle, C. (2009). Healing the origins of trauma: An introduction to EMDR in psychotherapy with children and adolescents. In A. Rubin & D. W. Springer (Eds.) Treatment of traumatized adults and children - Clinician's guide to evidence-based practice series (pp. 349-418). New York, NY: Wiley.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
What if the brain had a similar mechanism for healing psychological injuries as the body does, just like a finger can heal a cut? Imagine tapping into that healing process in the brain and helping a child who witnessed her brother accidentally killed by a school bus, who then developed a school phobia, be able to return to school and eliminate her depression. What if you could help a foster child with a history of severe and chronic abuse, reduce his disruptive symptoms within a 9-month period so that he could stabilize and be adopted? Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) can be used in psychotherapy to help children heal from stressful experiences of both traumatic and developmental origins. And, while EMDR is not a magic wand, it is remarkable in its efficiency in reducing or eliminating significant mental health symptoms and healing the origins of trauma. This chapter is written for clinicians who have had little or no exposure to the EMDR treatment methodology or for those who may have wondered what it is and how it works. The goal of this chapter is to summarize the use of EMDR with children with case presentations woven through the steps of the EMDR protocol. As a potential paradigm shift for child and adolescent therapists who have been trained in child development and play therapy, this chapter will not only explain why EMDR with children and adolescents makes sense, but why EMDR is the treatment of choice for many children presenting with symptoms of trauma. The experienced child therapist will also learn how child development, play therapy, and other child-focused therapies can be integrated to overall case conceptualization with the eight phases of the EMDR protocol. Initially, this chapter provides a brief description of EMDR. While Chapter 5 covered EMDR with adult clients, this chapter will focus on translating the EMDR protocol into child language from a developmentally grounded perspective for use with child clients. Given that focus, this chapter will minimize coverage of generic EMDR content that was already covered in Chapter 5. However, some overlap is inescapable. For example, like Chapter 5, this chapter will address the Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) theory that underlies the eight phases of the EMDR treatment protocol. This chapter also includes a brief theoretical overview of trauma and the impact on neurodevelopment as it guides psychotherapy. With a detailed explanation of the description, purpose, and concepts of each phase of the EMDR protocol, this chapter describes the clinical implications and procedural considerations for effectively using EMDR with children through each phase of the protocol. The chapter concludes with information for clinicians to learn how to get basic training in EMDR and advanced training in using EMDR with children. Integrated throughout this chapter are practical applications for successfully using EMDR in psychotherapy with children in order to heal the origins of trauma. With this introduction to EMDR, the reader should note that throughout this chapter, the terms client and child are often interchanged, and any reference to a child includes children and adolescents unless otherwise noted. Finally, the terms parent and caregiver refer to the child's primary caregiver. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Adolescents Children
Accuracy Verified: Yes
112. Yordy, J. (2010, April/May). Helping children shrink the worry monster utilizing EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR Canada, Toronto, Ontario.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
An increasing number of children are suffering from anxieties, stress and even obsessive and compulsive behaviors. Different EMDR approaches are helpful for children in facilitating the release of anxieties and altering primitive brain patterns. This workshop will briefly describe some of the causes of children’s anxieties, the brain/body connection to anxiety and some simple calming techniques for releasing stress. In addition, an in-depth introduction to three EMDR child-friendly techniques for working with anxiety and trauma will be described. Case examples for each technique will be utilized to enhance the understanding of the three therapy techniques.
Keywords: Children Worry Monster
Accuracy Verified: Yes
113. de Jongh, A., & ten Broeke, E. (2005, November). Het EMDR protocol: werk in uitvoerig [The EMDR protocol: A work in progress). Presentatie aan de eerste congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Ede, The Netherlands.
Language: Dutch
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Sinds de introductie van EMDR heeft het basis-protocol veel veranderingen doorgemaakt, zowel in de Verenigde Staten als daarbuiten. Voor een deel waren dat min of meer cosmetische aanpassingen, maar verscheidene aanpassingen zijn ingegeven door culturele, conceptueel-inhoudelijke of technische overwegingen. Een deel van de aanpassingen zijn afkomstig van Shapiro zelf, een ander deel is voortgekomen uit ervaringen in de praktijk. De afgelopen jaren is met name sprake geweest van tekstuele aanpassingen die er op gericht zijn de lastigste stukken in het EMDR-protocol (bijvoorbeeld de vraag: “Welke uitspraak over u zelf past daar het beste bij?”) te vereenvoudigen en (vooral) sneller en doelgerichter te komen tot - wat wij graag noemen - 'scherpstellen'.
Deze workshop is bedoeld voor iedereen die de afgelopen 3 jaar geen oficiele EMDR (basis of vervolg) opleiding heeft gevolgd. Stilgestaan wordt bij de doelstelling, de structuur en (vooral) de actuele, exacte formuleringen in het EMDR-protocol van 2005. Telkens zal worden aangegeven wat de achtergrond van de doorgevoerde aanpassingen is. De verwachting is dat het huidige protocol zich soepeler laat toepassen in de therapeutische praktijk. En dat is goed voor zowel therapeuten als patiënten.
Since the introduction of the basic EMDR protocol made many changes, both in the United States and abroad. In part, some were more or less cosmetic changes, but modifications are motivated by several cultural, conceptual, technical or substantive considerations. Some of the changes come from Shapiro herself, somechanges arose from practical experience. In recent years there has been some particular textual changes at AIM. The most difficult pieces in the EMDR protocol (e.g. the question: "Which statement best fits with yourself about you?") To simplifying and (especially) faster and targeted to achieve - what we like to call it - 'Focus'.
This workshop is for anyone over the past three years of no company EMDR Approved (or basic) education followed. Stood is the objectifying, structuring and (Especially) the current, exact genesis of the EMDR protocol or 2005. Each will be given the background to the adjustments is. The expectation is that the current protocol allows more flexible use in therapeutic practice. And that's good for bone healing therapists and patients.
Keywords: Standard Protocol
Accuracy Verified: Yes
114. Dunne, T. (2011, February). The history and development of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. The Irish Psychologist, 37(4), 99-105.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: Introduction The first paper on Eye Movement Desensitization (EMD) was published by Shapiro (1989a), a little over 20 years ago. Since that first paper, it would be fair to say that EMDR has been mired in controversy (Russell, 2008). Many psychologists have been trained in EMDR and are using it successfully in their clinical practice but many other psychologists are somewhat sceptical (which is fair enough), whilst others are openly hostile. In this paper, I would like to outline the history and development of this controversial approach to the treatment of trauma and describe the EMDR protocol in detail.
Keywords: History Practice Theory
Accuracy Verified: Yes
115. Rijkes, A., & Smeele, G. (2012, March). Hoofdzaken, EMDR behandeling van migraine en hoofdpijn [Basics, EMDR treatment of migraine and headache]. Presentatie op de 6e congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Arnhem, Nederland .
Language: Dutch
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Naast een op de toepassing gerichte theoretische inleiding krijgt u meerdere demonstraties voorgeschoteld van de EMDR behandeling van migraine en hoofdpijn. Live en video. U kunt zich een eerste indruk vormen van methode, werkwijze en effectiviteit van de behandeling. Circa 15% van de mensheid heeft last van deze pijnsoort. Migraine komt bij vrouwen ongeveer driemaal zo vaak voor als bij mannen. De meeste medicijnen bieden geen oplossing op langere termijn, hebben bovendien als bijwerking hoofdpijnklachten. De Wereld Gezondheid Organisatie, WHO, heeft in 2011 aandacht gevraagd voor de ontwikkeling van nieuwe behandelmethoden, mede gelet het enorme productiviteitsverlies in de wereld. Werkgevers en Arbo-diensten hebben interesse in deze vorm van behandelen van werknemers.
De geïntegreerde EMDR behandeling bestaat uit twee fasen; fase 1 is gericht op repressie: de behandeling van acute pijnklachten. Fase 2 is gericht op preventie: het voorkomen van pijnaanvallen in de toekomst. Cliënten hebben onmiddellijk baat bij de behandeling. Tijdens de workshop wordt tot slot informatie gegeven over de Nederlandse Special Interest Group (SIG) EMDR en Hoofdpijn.
Besides a theoretical introduction on the dedicated you presented several demonstrations of the EMDR treatment of migraine and headache. Live and video. You can first impression of method, process and effectiveness of treatment. Approximately 15% of humanity suffers from this kind of pain. Migraine affects women about three times as often as men. Most drugs do not address the longer term, also have as a side effect headaches. The World Health Organization, WHO, in 2011 has drawn attention to the development of new treatment methods, taking into account the enormous loss of productivity in the world. Employers and occupational health services are interested in this form of treatment of workers. The integrated EMDR treatment consists of two phases: Phase 1 focused on repression: the treatment of acute pain. Phase 2 focuses on prevention: prevention of pain attacks in the future. Clients benefit directly from the treatment. During the workshop, finally, information about the Dutch Special Interest Group (SIG) EMDR and Headache.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
116. Brivio, R., & Bergamaschi, L. (2008, January). Human and organizational aspects affecting the wellbeing in rescue-working activity: EMDR (Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing), Mirror Neuron and Stress Inoculation: The role of training methods, practice and simulation for psychological risks prevention and management in emergency workers.. International Workshop Reinforce Rescuers' Resilience by Empowering a well-being Demension Workshop, Turin, Italy .
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
The wellbeing of rescuers: Relational, organizational and technical aspects that can affect rescuers' wellbeing during
rescue activities: Stress inoculation, role playing and the role of mirror neurons in training, also through the use of
video recordings. Relaxation techniques, psychological debriefing and EMDR in trainings.
Focus of our intervention is the wellbeing of the rescuer. The study and research
on this matter came and were carried out thanks to the activity done both during
trainings and simulations of the Civil Protection than real emergencies.
Our team work received contribution by some psychologists of OPP (Parma’s
Psychologists’ Observatory: A.Sozzi, E.Pedrelli, F.Frati, A. Bocelli, T. Serra). Wellbeing, defined as a subjective and positive emotional state together with a
global life satisfaction (Diener, 1984), is strongly at risk during rescuer’s
emergency activities and can affect the rescuer both physically and
psychologically. The rescuer's capabilities, that we think are technical “know how” and thorough
knowledge, are essential to give the best performance according to the complexity
and urgency of the intervention. These skills can really contribute to the rescuer's
wellbeing, because they can improve the self-efficiency perception.
To effectively manage and train rescuers, it is furthermore important to consider
and acknowledge the influence of interpersonal relationships on technical
performances. It is, in fact, particularly important to recognize and support the
typical relationships that can be created in a team with the same task and
specialization, as well as in multidisciplinary teams, or teams belonging to
different Institutions but operating in the same scenario.
In recent years increasing attention has been given to training activities, even through the use of the role play for interventions in artificial emergency
scenarios. To recreate scenarios of massive emergencies, different Civil Protection
Associations, as well as First Aid volunteer associations and the local
Institutions have been involved. In these simulations, most cases focus on improving technical performances.
Lately psychologists have been asked to join the rescuers team.
During these simulations, the role-play of emotional and psychological problems
occurs thanks to the cooperation between emergency psychologists and the
medical team. The introduction of the role and expertise of psychologists allowed to extend and
strengthen the attention to cross support and care aspects for the psychological
wellbeing of both victims and rescuers.
The psychologist must therefore consider the “wellbeing” in all the emergency
scenarios and contexts, as a sum of all the components that we talked about here
and the ones we will describe during our intervention.
He must first of all be aware of the complexity of each intervention in the field,
and adopt a kind of approach aimed at creating and recovering wellbeing
strategies, that can be used by himself as well.
Strategies on how to build, recover and maintain the wellbeing identify stress as
the first danger source the rescuer has to face in his training and emergency
activity.
When external events or stimuli are perceived as difficult to face compared with
resources available at that moment, the individual gets stressed.
When the person's efforts are not adaptive to the external requests and/or
coherent with his performance expectations, he becomes vulnerable to emotional,
behavioural, cognitive and physical reactions, which can be even very difficult to
manage both in the short and/or in the medium-long term.
This can happen when the sources of stress depend on the rescuer’s
performance, and it can also happen in case of post traumatic stress, visible in
different stages after the event.
From the psychologist's specialist background and from the integration of this
with the result of field experiences, the demand for a range of different tools to
manage the different kinds of stress emerges, and these tools must be applicable
both to the individual and to the group.
This range is still improving, and the results of our observational activity from
past and present experiences lead us to see the opportunity to carry on our
research of tools of efficacy.
During this speech we would like to underline that approaches like Stress
Inoculation Training (SIT, Michenbaum, 1983) and the use of role playing allow
the technical appraisal and let the rescuers improve their stress management
skills, and all that can lead to a decrease in the risk of PTSD.
In past simulations of emergencies, we found out that the use of videotapes for
the role plays is a tool that should be taken more into account. We think it is
important to evaluate its potential for the rescuers' benefit, because it seems to
be not only “a record of technical performances”, but also an observation and
learning tool about the rescuer's own defence and adaptive strategies.
In fact, during these simulations we found out that the rescuers' psychological
and emotional vulnerability emerged in several situations. The fact that even in these artificial situations there were acute stress episodes and O codes urged us
to focus more on the matter of mutual influence between technical performance
and internal experience of stress.
We understand that such acute stress episodes may occur during real life critical
events but we can see how role playing and video recordings show that such
acute stress episodes affected the simulators themselves even during the
simulation. The videos show that even apparently “high immunity” simulators,
who are considered 'immune' thanks to their comprehensive and strong
experience, experienced acute stress, perhaps because of an incorrect selfevaluation
of their own stress management skills.
The interest in the use of videos as a training and reprocessing tool for rescuers
led some of us to specialize in role playing recording, so as to carry out a more
accurate and comprehensive study on those same videos and use them as a
mirror of reality and better educational tool through a vicar experience or through
“seeing oneself from within the experience” and in the interpersonal dynamics
that took place in the scenario.
Videotapes are a very known and widely used tool in other kinds of trainings,
disciplines and therapies (i.e. Family Therapy and CBT).
The discovery of mirror neurons by Rizzolati, Gallese et Al., provides the evidence
that when someone observes the same action performed by another person, the
neurons "mirrors" the behaviour of that person, as though the observer were itself
acting. Thanks to these researchers it is now proven that this can happen
thanks to the motor neurons in the pre-motor cortex.
Therefore, we would like to underline the role of videos as very useful and
versatile training tools, since they expose a situation in an unexpected realistic
manner “as if” it were true and “as if” we were really experiencing that situation,
with the consequent learning movements at the emotional, cognitive and
behavioural level, at the stress management level, as well as at the level of team
work dynamics.
Visual imagination activates the same brain regions that are active during visual
perception and motor imagination activates the same brain regions activated the
movement is really happening.
More importantly, it was possible for us to verify that the videos recorded by other
operators were not focused on showing the important psychological aspects we
mentioned for the goal of the trainings, thing that happened instead with the
videos recorded by psychologists. We think therefore that the use of videotapes
recorded by psychologists should be given more consideration in the trainings of
rescuers. During this intervention we will devote part of the time to broadcasting
two short videos; the first one shows the role playing of an intervention in an
emergency context, and the second one shows a part of an EMDR session (Eye
Movement Desensitization Reprocessing). We think it is important to recreate and
protect rescuers wellbeing in the post-role playing and post emergency stages
too. For years EMDR has been proven effective in improving the individual's
coping skills and in reprocessing, wherever necessary, the post traumatic
aspects resulting from critical events to whom not only the victims, but also the rescuers too, are exposed during emergencies.
Keywords: Emergency Workers Mirror Neuron and Stress Inoculation Rescue-Working Activity Risk Prevention and Management
Accuracy Verified: Yes
117. Humi, M. P., Godoy-Izquierdo, D., Vazquez, M. L., & Godoy, J. F. (2012, June). Hypothesis of emotional trauma and structural dissociation in idiopathic parkinson’s disease: Treatment by EMDR?. Poster presented at the annual meeting of EMDR Europe, Madrid, Spain .
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) is proposed to be the result of a multifactorial process that causes the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. The first symptoms appear when dopamine is reduced by 80% in the striatum nucleus or when 60% of the negro-striatal neurons have disappeared. This indicates that the cause of PD happens or starts to be active years if not decades before the first symptoms appear. There is evidence from animal and human models that PD has an early pre-symptomatic or masked onset as a result of pre- or perinatal disruption of the neuronal development of the brain and/or by a postnatal traumatic impact very early in life affecting the neurogenesis and/or making the nigro-striatal system vulnerable to subsequent experiences (Diseth, 2005; Le, Chen and Jankovic, 2009). Medical research identifies such (subsequent) traumatic impacts in genetic or environmental factors or following a neurodevelopmental insult by aging alone (Le et al., 2009).
Keywords: Parkinson’s Disease Poster
Accuracy Verified: Yes
118. Flumeri, F., Salmaso, D., & Pagani, M. (2008, 26-28 Settembre). Impatto dell'EMDR sulle fuzioni e sulla neurobiologia cerebrali [Impact on EMDR and neurobiological brain functions]. In T. Farma (Chair), Simposio, Il modello psicotraumatologico: Un ponte tra indicatori neurobiologici e Psicoterapia. VII Congresso SPR Italia, Modena.
Language: Italian
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Introduzione:negli ultimi anni il numero di studi condotti nell’ambito dei disturbi causati da eventi traumatici ha subito una forte accelerazione rilevando l’esistenza di alterazioni fisiologiche e morfologiche in specifiche aree cerebrali associate sia alla risposta emotiva al trauma che alla insorgenza dei sintomi della sindrome da stress post-traumatico (PTSD).
L’impiego delle tecniche di neuroimmagine ha consentito di fare luce sui correlati neurali della psicoterapia, rivelando i suoi effetti neurobiologici sulla funzione cerebrale. Nell’ambito dei diversi approcci psicoterapeutici, l’EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing therapy) è emerso come promettente risorsa per il trattamento del trauma e di altri disturbi d’ansia, sebbene ancora non sia stata completamente chiarita la sua modalità di azione sui circuiti neurali. Molte ricerche sono state effettuate per valutare l’efficacia dell’EMDR, ma solo un numero esiguo di esse ha indagato il substrato neurobiologico di questa psicoterapia.
Le metodiche di neuroimmagini utilizzate finora per studi sull’EMDR sono la Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) e la Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). La prima raccoglie dati sull’attivita’ cellulare cerebrale mentre la seconda riporta dati anatomici strutturali.
Gli studi funzionali condotti con SPECT consentono di identificare le variazioni del metabolismo e del flusso ematico cerebrale, suggerendo un ruolo specifico per ciascuna area cerebrale coinvolta nel complesso meccanismo che sottende il processamento delle emozioni; la MRI consente invece di rilevare la presenza di variazioni morfologiche e volumetriche di specifiche strutture cerebrali. Negli ultimi anni, studi SPECT e MRI, volti ad esaminare gli effetti dell’EMDR sulla fisiopatologia cerebrale in pazienti affetti da disturbi d’ansia, hanno riscontrato sostanziali variazioni del flusso ematico ed alterazioni strutturali di alcune regioni cerebrali in seguito a terapia.
L’efficacia dell’EMDR nel trattamento del PTSD è stata confermata da uno studio SPECT su sei soggetti ( Lansing et al.) (1) che ha evidenziato dopo terapia una diminuzione del flusso ematico nel lobo occipitale bilateralmente e nel lobo parietale sinistro e un aumento di flusso nel giro frontale inferiore sinistro. Sempre utilizzando la SPECT Oh e Choi (2) hanno riportato una significativa modificazione del flusso cerebrale in seguito ad EMDR, prevalentemente riscontrabile nell’area limbica e nella corteccia prefrontale. Un recente studio con utilizzo di MRI (3) ha inoltre messo in evidenza un aumento di volume dell’ippocampo in seguito a trattamento con EMDR, aumento invece non riportato in un lavoro di Lindauer et al. su 9 soggetti con PTSD, nonostante il successo clinico della psicoterapia eclettica eseguita (4).
Obiettivi: il nostro gruppo ha studiato gli effetti a breve e lungo termine dell’EMDR (5, 6) dimostrando la sua efficacia nel trattamento di soggetti traumatizzati sul lavoro, e una stabilità del miglioramento clinico ottenuto in risposta alla terapia, ancora presente a distanza di tre anni. Nell’ambito dello stesso progetto sono state anche studiate le variazioni del flusso ematico cerebrale e della volumetria di alcune strutture cerebrali in relazione alla terapia con EMDR. Un primo studio SPECT ha analizzato la variazione della distribuzione di flusso in 11 soggetti guariti clinicamente da PTSD in seguito a EMDR messi a confronto con 5 soggetti nei quali la terapia non ha avuto effetto (7). Risultati: è stato evidenziato nei soggetti con remissione sintomatologica significative differenze di flusso in 4 aree corticali, alla disfunzione delle quali sono ascrivibili alcuni sintomi presenti in corso di PTSD. Diminuzioni di flusso post-terapia sono state registrate nell’ippocampo, nella corteccia parieto-occipitale e nella corteccia visiva primaria. L’ippocampo e’ sede della memoria a breve termine; la corteccia parieto-occipitale processa il riconoscimento di volti, dei corpi e delle parole; la corteccia visiva primaria custodisce la memoria visiva degli eventi. La mancata inibizione e/o l’iperattivita’ di queste regioni nel PTSD sono responsabili della rivisitazione patologica dell’evento traumatico e della presenza di flashback ed immagini allucinatorie. Inoltre la corteccia frontale dorsolaterale ha dimostrato un aumento di flusso nei soggetti che hanno risposto positivamente alla terapia. Questa regione chiave oltre ad essere deputata ad inibire la risposta patologica a stimoli che ricordano l’evento traumatico e’ essenziale per i processi di attenzione e di autostima, diminuiti in corso di PTSD e recuperati in seguito alla remissione della malattia. In ulteriori studi che combinano indagini funzionali e strutturali utilizzando SPECT e MRI abbiamo messo in evidenza il valore predittivo delle dimensioni dell’ippocampo riguardo all’efficacia della terapia con EMDR (Pagani et al. sottomesso).
Conclusioni: gli effetti della terapia con EMDR sono risultati, unitamente ad un consistente miglioramento della sintomatologia e ad una riduzione della iperreattività a stimoli di carattere emotivo, in una normalizzazione funzionale di alcune aree specifiche e in un aumento del volume ippocampale probabilmente ascrivibile a neo-neurogenesi. Questi risultati sono in linea con la pregressa letteratura e con le attuali conoscenze sul PTSD e suggeriscono basi neurobiologiche dell’effetto terapeutico dell’EMDR confermandone l’impatto funzionale su strutture cerebrali coinvolte in patologie ansiogene.
Bibliografia:
1. Lansing et al. (2005). J Neuropsych Clin Neurosci;17(4):526-532.
2. Ho DH and Choi J. (2007). J EMDR Pract Res;1(1):24-30.
3. Bossini et al. (2007). J Neuropsych Clin Neurosci; 19(4):475-476.
4. Lindauer et al. (2005). Psychol Med ; 35 :1-11.
5. Hogberg et al. (2007). Nord J Psych; 61(1):54-61.
6. Hogberg et al. (2008). Psych Res; doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2007.10.019.
7. Pagani et al. (2007). Nuc Med Comm; 28(10):757-65. [Pagani abstract]
Introduction In recent years the number of studies in disorders caused by traumatic events has been greatly accelerated by detecting the existence of morphological and physiological changes in specific brain areas associated with both the emotional response to trauma to the onset of symptoms Post-traumatic stress syndrome (PTSD).
The use of neuroimaging techniques has allowed to shed light on the neural correlates of psychotherapy, revealing the neurobiological effects on brain function. Under the different psychotherapeutic approaches, EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy) has emerged as a promising resource for the treatment of trauma and other anxiety disorders, although still not been fully elucidated its mode of action on neural circuits. Many studies have been carried out to assess the effectiveness EMDR, but only a small number of them have investigated the neurobiological substrate of this psychotherapy.
The methods used so far for neuroimaging studies on EMDR are Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The first collects data on 'brain cells while the second contains structural anatomical data.
The functional studies performed with SPECT to identify changes in metabolism and cerebral blood flow, suggesting a specific role for each brain area involved in the complex mechanism underlying the processing of emotions, instead of MRI allows detection of morphological changes and volume of specific brain structures. In recent years, MRI and SPECT studies, aimed to examine the effects of EMDR on brain pathophysiology in patients with anxiety disorders, have found substantial variations in blood flow and structural alterations of some brain regions after treatment.
The effectiveness of EMDR in the treatment of PTSD was confirmed by a SPECT study in six subjects (Lansing et al.) (1) showed that after treatment reduced blood flow in the occipital lobe bilaterally and in left parietal lobe and a increase of flow in left inferior frontal gyrus. Always using SPECT Oh and Choi (2) reported a significant change of cerebral blood flow after EMDR, mainly found in limbic and prefrontal cortex. A recent study using MRI (3) has also highlighted an increase in volume of the hippocampus after treatment with EMDR, but no increase in reported work of Lindauer et al. on 9 subjects with PTSD, despite the clinical success of eclectic psychotherapy performed (4).
Objectives: Our group has studied the effects of short and long term EMDR (5, 6) demonstrating its effectiveness in treating traumatized individuals at work, and stability of clinical improvement obtained in response to therapy, yet this distance three years. Within the same project were also studied changes in cerebral blood flow and volume of certain brain structures in relation to treatment with EMDR. A first SPECT study analyzed the change in flow distribution in 11 subjects clinically recovered from PTSD after EMDR compared with 5 subjects in whom treatment had no effect (7). Results: It was shown in patients with symptomatic remission, significant differences in flow in 4 cortical areas, which are attributable to dysfunction of some symptoms of PTSD being present. Flow decreases post-treatment were recorded in the hippocampus, cortex parietal-occipital and primary visual cortex. The hippocampus and 'seat of short-term memory, the parietal-occipital cortex processes the recognition of faces, bodies and words, the primary visual cortex preserves the visual memory of events. The lack of inhibition and / or 'hyperactivity' of PTSD in these regions are responsible for the pathological review of the traumatic event and the presence of flashbacks and hallucinatory images. Moreover, the dorsolateral frontal cortex showed an increase in flow in subjects who responded positively to therapy. This key region in addition to being appointed to inhibit the pathological response to stimuli that recall the traumatic event and 'essential for the processes of attention and self-esteem, decreased in the course of PTSD and recovered following the remission of the disease. In further studies that combine functional and structural investigations using SPECT and MRI have shown the predictive value of the size of the hippocampus on the effectiveness of EMDR therapy (Pagani et al. Submitted).
Conclusion: the effects of EMDR therapy were coupled with a significant improvement in symptoms and a reduction of hyperreactivity to stimuli, emotional, functional in a normalization of some specific areas and an increase in hippocampal volume probably due to neo- neurogenesis. These results are consistent with previous literature and with current knowledge about PTSD and suggest a neurobiological basis of therapeutic EMDR confirming the functional impact on brain structures involved in anxiety-disorders.
Bibliography:
1. Lansing et al. (2005). J Neuropsych Clin Neurosci, 17 (4) :526-532.
2. I DH and J. Choi (2007). J EMDR pract Res, 1 (1) :24-30.
3. Bossini et al. (2007). J Neuropsych Clin Neurosci, 19 (4) :475-476.
4. Lindauer et al. (2005). Psychol Med, 35 :1-11.
5. Högberg et al. (2007). Nord J Psych, 61 (1) :54-61.
6. Högberg et al. (2008). Psych Res, doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2007.10.019.
7. Pagani et al. (2007). NUC Med Comm, 28 (10) :757-65. [Pagani abstract]
Keywords: Brain Functions Neurobiology
Accuracy Verified: Yes
119. Henry-Schneider, P. (2013, May). The importance of working with the mind/body system. Presentation at the annual EMDR Canada Conference, Banff, Alberta CAN.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Ai Chi is a moving meditation in warm water. It is a powerful way to reinforce the body as a positive resource,
because it is a multimodal experience. Ai Chi involves being aware of the body in a warm, supportive, nurturing
environment. As Bessel van der Kolk points out, “Our brains will continue to take in new information and
construct new realities as long as our bodies feel safe.” (2003) Ai Chi reinforces feelings of safety, allowing clients
to build upon positive memories and to release negative ones. Ai Chi can be integrated into various stages of the
EMDR model. Given an increased awareness of the significance of somatic interventions, an introduction to a
little-known modality is important. Utilizing concepts of interpersonal neurobiology developed by Daniel Siegel,
levels of integration that constitute mental health will be explored. It will become clear that the characteristics
that represent integration are paralleled and reinforced by the Ai Chi process. This puts both EMDR and Ai
Chi within a broader context and demonstrates how Ai Chi can reinforce and expand the effects of EMDR. The
experience of incorporating a sense of well-being becomes both literal and metaphorical. Participants will
learn some of the movements on land and also watch a video of the process. Not only is Ai Chi suitable for most
populations, it is particularly helpful for people with chronic pain issues as well as an older population.
Learning Objectives:
• Come to a basic understanding of mental health from an interpersonal neurobiological point of view
• Learn about the practice of Ai Chi
• Explore how combining EMDR and Ai Chi can promote the 9 levels of integration described by Daniel Siegel
MD
• Hear about specific cases and how combining EMDR and Ai Chi has contributed to the resolution of a variety
of mental health issues
• Experience Ai Chi and/or watch video demonstrating Ai Chi.
Keywords: Ai Chi Mind/Body Connection
Accuracy Verified: Yes
120. Frustaci, A., Pozzi, G., Aurigemma, C., La Rosa, C., Lanza, G., Fernandez, I., & Ruggeri, G. (2006, Febbraio). Indicatori di cambiamento in pazienti con disturbi da eventi stressanti: Impiego della heart rate variability [Indicators of change in patients with disorders of stressful events: Use of heart rate variability]. Poster presentato al XI Congresso SOPSI (Società Italiana di Psicopatologia), Roma, Italia.
Language: Italian
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Introduzione: i pazienti traumatizzati presentano alterazioni sintomatiche quali intrusività, evitamento ed aumentato arousal, che ostacolerebbe la possibilità di elaborazione/integrazione
delle tracce mnesiche, oltre ad esprimersi a livello periferico. Tecniche specifiche di trattamento sembrano promuovere
l’elaborazione/integrazione delle memorie traumatiche, tra cui la Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing
(EMDR). Nella ricerca valutativa è quindi necessario affiancare alle scale psicologiche un appropriato indicatore
biologico di attivazione neurovegetativa. La variabilità della frequenza cardiaca (Heart Rate Variability – HRV) esprime
l’integrità funzionale del sistema neurovegetativo in risposta
allo stress e può essere misurata nei domini di tempo o di frequenza. Lo studio della HRV è stato applicato in psichiatria ai disturbi
d’ansia (panico, DOC, PTSD) e dell’umore (depressione unipolare) in ricerche trasversali (confronto con controlli sani) e longitudinali di trattamento farmacologico (triciclici,
SSRIs) ma in pochi casi a trattamenti psicoterapici. Gli AA. valutano l’impiego della HRV come indicatore biologico nel trattamento psicoterapeutico di pazienti con Disturbo dell’adattamento erdurante da oltre un mese dopo l’esposizione ad eventi vitali stressanti (EVS). Metodi: sono stati reclutati 6 soggetti (M/F = 1/5, età 40,5 ± 11,0) esposti ad EVS ed avviati a ciclo di trattamento psicoterapico
breve (4-6 sedute a cadenza settimanale) di tipo
specifico (EMDR) o generico (colloqui supportivi). Costituivano criteri di esclusione: età < 18 o > 65 anni; comorbilità psichiatrica, neurologica e cardiologica; uso di farmaci interferenti. Le valutazioni psicopatologiche sono state eseguite al reclutamento
(TBASE: colloquio anamnestico, MINI, Brief
COPE), a inizio e fine ciclo di trattamento (TINI, TFINE: IES, SCL-90-R), a uno e tre mesi di follow-up (T30, T90: IES, SCL-90-R, Brief COPE). Le registrazioni Holter sono state effettuate ad ogni intervallo valutativo coprendo: 60 min. attività libera, 10 min. tilt-test, 3-5 min. ascolto dell’evento traumatico, 30-45 min. seduta psicoterapica. Sono stati impiegati test statistici non parametrici per l’analisi
delle correlazioni (Spearman) e delle differenze
(Wilcoxon). Risultati preliminari: vengono valutate le correlazioni a TINI e le variazioni T90 vs. TINI. Sono significative le seguenti correlazioni: ansia fobica SCL e SDNN (dev. standard intervalli R-R) [r = + 0,9; p = ,037]; collera-ostilità
SCL e SDNN [r = -0,95; p =.014]; depressione SCL e
r-MSSD (radice media somma quadrati diff. R-R) [r = + 0,9; p = ,037]; sint. intrusivi IES e LF (basse frequenze) [r
= -0,9; p = ,037]. Sono risultate statisticamente significative le seguenti variazioni:
IES totale [Z = -1,99; p = ,046], sintomi intrusivi IES [Z = -2,21; p = ,027], sintomi di evitamento IES [Z = -1,99; p = ,046], ideazione paranoide SCL [Z = -2,21; p = ,027]; R-R, LF e LF/HF (rapporto basse/alte frequenze) durante ascolto evento [Z = -2,02; p = ,043].
Discussione: a livello basale gli indicatori HRV di distress vegetativo correlano positivamente con collera-ostilità e sintomi intrusivi, negativamente con ansia e depressione. Anche dopo tre mesi dalla fine del trattamento gli interventi psicoterapeutici tendono a ridurre i punteggi sintomatici, e migliorano il bilancio simpato-vagale durante il riascolto dell’evento traumatico.
Introduction: trauma patients have symptomatic changes such as intrusiveness, avoidance and increased arousal, which hampers the development / integration
of memory traces, as well as speak at the peripheral level. Specific techniques of treatment seem to promote
the formulation and integration of traumatic memories, including eye movement desensitization and reprocessing
(EMDR). In evaluation research is therefore necessary to combine psychological scales appropriate indicator
organic autonomic activation. The heart rate variability (Heart Rate Variability - HRV) expresses
functional integrity of the autonomic nervous system in response
stress and can be measured in time or frequency domains. The study of HRV has been applied in psychiatric disorders
anxiety (panic, DOC, PTSD) and mood (unipolar depression) in cross-disciplinary (compared with healthy controls) and longitudinal drug treatment (tricyclic
SSRIs), but in a few cases in psychotherapeutic treatment. The AA. evaluate the use of HRV as a biological indicator in the psychotherapeutic treatment of patients with adjustment disorder erdurante more than a month after exposure to stressful life events (EVS). Methods: 6 subjects were recruited (M / F = 1 / 5, age 40.5 ± 11.0) exposed to EVS and initiated treatment cycle psychotherapeutic
short (4-6 sessions weekly) type
specific (EMDR) or generic (hearing supported). Exclusion criteria were: age <18 or> 65 years, psychiatric comorbidity, neurological and cardiological, use of drugs interfering. Psychopathological assessments were performed at recruitment
(TBASE: anamnestic interview, MINI, Brief
COPE) at the beginning and end of treatment cycle (TINI, TFINE: IES, SCL-90-R) in a three-month follow-up (T30, T90: IES, SCL-90-R, Brief COPE). Holter recordings were made at each interval evaluation covering: 60 min. free activity, 10 min. tilt-test, 3-5 min. listening to the traumatic event, 30-45 minutes. psychotherapy session. Were used nonparametric statistical tests for analysis
correlations (Spearman) and differences
(Wilcoxon). Preliminary results: the correlations are evaluated and changes TINI vs. T90. TINI. Significant correlations are the following: SCL phobic anxiety and SDNN (standard dev. RR intervals) [r = + 0.9, p =, 037]; anger-hostility
SCL SDNN [r = -0.95, p =. 014]; SCL depression
r-mssd (root mean square sum diff. RR) [r = + 0.9, p =, 037]; sint. IES intrusive and LF (low frequency) [r
= -0.9, P =, 037]. Were statistically significant, the following changes:
IES total [Z = -1.99, p =, 046], IES intrusive symptoms [Z = -2.21, p =, 027], symptoms of avoidance IES [Z = -1.99, p =, 046] , SCL paranoid [Z = -2.21, p =, 027], RR, LF and LF / HF ratio (low / high frequencies) while listening event [Z = -2.02, p =, 043].
Discussion: At baseline HRV indicators of distress correlated positively with growing anger-hostility, and intrusive symptoms, negatively with anxiety and depression. Even after three months of the end of psychotherapeutic treatment interventions aimed at reducing symptom scores and enhance sympathetic vagal balance during the playback of the traumatic event.
Keywords: Heart Rate Variability Poster Stress Disorders
Accuracy Verified: Yes
121. Foster, S. (2012). Integrating positive psychology applications into the EMDR peak performance protocol. Revue Européenne De Psychologie Appliquée/European Review of Applied Psychology, 62(4), 213-217. doi:10.1016/j.erap.2012.04.005.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Introduction:
This article describes an innovative Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) protocol which applies the standard EMDR protocol, with modifications, to the reduction of performance anxiety and enhancement of skillful performance in higher functioning clients.
Objective:
The intention was to compare a modified version of the standard EMDR protocol for the reduction of performance anxiety and the enhancement of performance.
Method:
The method was applying the special EMDR protocol for peak performance with higher functioning clients. A further enhancement applied three empirically valid techniques drawn from the subfield of positive psychology.
Results:
Published case studies suggest that this special EMDR protocol aided an experienced commercial pilot in overcoming his avoidance and returning to the flight simulator following a failed proficiency check, and assisted an executive in managing his sense of failure following a significant business setback. Athletes preparing for competition have also found the protocol assists them in managing precompetition anxiety. A further enhancement is the application of three techniques drawn from positive psychology which the empirical research in this subfield of psychology suggests can further enhance the benefits of this protocol.
Conclusion:
Limitations are discussed and recommendations for future research are outlined.
Keywords: Performance Enhancement Positive Psychology
Accuracy Verified: Yes
122. Twombly, J. H., & Schwartz, R. C. (2008). The integration of the internal family systems model and EMDR. In C. Forgash and M. Copeley, (Eds.) Healing the heart of trauma and dissociation with EMDR and ego state therapy (pp. 295-311). New York, NY: Springer Publishing.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
Although EMDR can be used successfully with the majority of clients, there are times when its effectiveness is limited, and clients for whom it simply doesn't work. Often this occurs when affect is partially or completely unavailable and the flow of the processing becomes partially or completely blocked. The Internal Family Systems Model (IPS; Schwartz, 1995) is an elegant, efficient, and powerful ego state treatment modality that, when used with EMDR, can increase its range of effectiveness. This chapter will provide an introduction to IPS and describe ways of using it to enhance or enable EMDR processing. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Family Systems Model
Accuracy Verified: Yes
123. Lendl, J., & Foster, S. (2011, August). Intro to EMDR performance enhancement psychology: A twenty year update. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Orange County, CA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
While EMDR Performance Enhancement Psychology can address clinical issues such as performance anxiety, self-defeating beliefs, behavioral inhibitions, PTSD, and psychological recovery from injury for creative and performing artists, workplace employees, and athletes; it can also be very useful with everyday non-pathological complaints such as procrastination, fear of failure, setbacks and life transitions. Lendl and Foster initiated EMDR-PEP in 1991. This workshop will be a twenty year update to the introduction of EMDR-PEP. There will be a brief history of EMDR-PEP, research, AIP theory, and useful performance skills that therapists can integrate into their work with clients. The workshop will include lecture, role playing demo with group practice and, hopefully, time for questions.
Keywords: Performance Enhancement Update
Accuracy Verified: Yes
124. Teixeira, R. (2007, Novembro). Introdução ao EMDR 1: Teoria de EMDR [1 Introduction to EMDR: EMDR Theory]. Apresentação no I Congresso Ibero-Americano de EMDR, Brasília, Brasil.
Language: Portuguese
Format: Conference
Abstract:
História de EMDR; os estudos controlados;
de EMD para EMDR; o cérebro traumatizado.
History of EMDR, controlled studies; EMD to EMDR, the brain injured.
Keywords: Controlled Stuies EMD Practice Theory
Accuracy Verified: Yes
125. Teixeira, R (2007, Novembro). Introdução ao EMDR: Protocolo 8 fases EMDR [Introduction to EMDR: 8 phase EMDR protocol]. Apresentação no I Congresso Ibero-Americano de EMDR, Brasília, Brasil.
Language: Portuguese
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Processamento Adaptativo de Informação;
Protocolo de 8 fases e a estrutração dos ICES.
Adaptive Information Processing;
Protocol 8 phases.
Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP Eight Phases
Accuracy Verified: Yes
126. Teixeira, R. (2007, Novembro). Introdução ao EMDR: Quando um trauma se resolve Introduction to EMDR: When a trauma is resolved] . Apresentação no I Congresso Ibero-Americano de EMDR, Brasília, Brasil.
Language: Portuguese
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Protocolos especiais; Pacientes difíceis
Special Protocols; Difficult Patients
Keywords: Difficults Patients Special Populations
Accuracy Verified: Yes
127. Maldonado, I., & Villamarín, G. (2010, Octubre/Noviembre). Introducción al EMDR [Introduction to EMDR]. Presentación en el II Congreso Iberoamericano de EMDR y Psicotrauma, Quito, Ecuador.
Language: Spanish
Format: Conference
Accuracy Verified: Yes
128. Shapiro, R. (2005). Introduction. In R. Shapiro (Ed.), EMDR solutions: Pathways to healing (pp. 1-7). New York: W. W. Norton.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
No abstract available.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
129. Choi, J. (2002, October). Introduction of EMDR. Presentation at 37th Annual Fall Seminar: EMDR, Institute of Mental Health, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
Language: Korean
Format: Conference
Accuracy Verified: Yes
130. Herbert, C. (2005, April). Introduction of safe place installation for clients who have no pre-existing concepts or feelings of safety. Presentation at 3rd Annual Conference of the EMDR Association of UK and Ireland, Jordanstown, Northern Ireland .
Language: English
Format: Conference
Keywords: Safe Place Safety
Accuracy Verified: Yes
131. Herbert, C. (2004, June). Introduction to a safe place installation protocol for use with clients who have no pre-existing concepts or feelings of safety. Presentation at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, Stockholm, Sweden .
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Theoretical background: The teaching of a “safe place installation protocol” forms part of the standard EMDR training and for my EMDR practitioners and consultants alike it belongs to their repertoire of EMDR treatment techniques. Such a protocol requires clients to access and identify with an experienced place of safety in their lives. Complex (i.e., Type II) trauma clients, as well as other clients which have not been able to build a secure, positive sense of inner self, as a result of their unsafe experiences during most of all of their life, however, may find it very difficult to access and identify a safe place, which they can draw on during the use of EMDR safe place installation protocol. The standard safe pace installation protocol therefore frequently does not work for these clients. Yet, it is suggested in this presentation that access to the inner ‘safe place’ resource can be of particular therapeutic benefit for this client group. In recognition of the need for such a resource, Dr. Herbert has developed an alternative version of an EMDR-based safe place installation protocol, which draws on all sensory modalities (involving, cognitive, emotional and somatic systems) that will work with clients who have no known prior access to a place of safety in their lives.
Aim of presentation: The conference audience will have the unique opportunity to experience Dr. Herbert’s safe place installation protocol’ during an in-vivo EMDR demonstration session. Suggested variations of the protocol tailored to individual client differences and clinical applications for the use of such a resource with this client group will also be explored. The latter will include use of the protocol as an inner anchoring point that clients can access and connect to in situations of crisis in their daily life and as an aid to facilitate the rebalancing of nervous system functioning.
Keywords: Complex Trauma EMDR Resource Installation Protocol Safe Place
Accuracy Verified: Yes
132. Shapiro, R. (2009). Introduction to assessment and treatement of depression with EMDR. In R. Shapiro (Ed.), EMDR Solutions II: For depression, eating disorders, performance, and more (1st ed.) (pp. 9-20). New York, NY: W. W. Norton & Co..
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Keywords: Depression
Accuracy Verified: Yes
133. Giessl, I. B., & Hensley, B. J. (1999, October). Introduction to EMDR. Presentation at the Ohio Psychological Association, Columbus, Ohio.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
EMDR is a specialized approach to psychotherapy that entails rapid desensitization of traumatic memories, cognitive restructuring, and significant reductions of symptomatology. A case example and or a 20/20 and an NBC Extra segment will be shown to illustrate the actual usage in therapy. Drs. Giessl and Hensley will relate how EMDR has revolutionized their practices and relieved their clients of long-term suffering from physical, emotional, and spiritual pain.
Objectives:
Participants will be gain a general understanding of the EMDR trauma model.
Participants will understand potential applications of and training criteria for EMDR.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
134. Shapiro, F. (2012, October). Introduction to EMDR therapy. Presentation at the Pre-Meeting Institute of the 28th Annual Meeting of ISTSS, Los Angeles, CA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
This presentation will introduce the basics of EMDR therapy and provide an overview of treatment. Both the theoretical foundation and recent research findings will be explored. EMDR is an evidence-based psychotherapy supported by more than 20 randomized controlled studies. Meta-analyses have indicated that the effects of EMDR on PTSD symptoms are comparable to those of trauma-focused CBT. However, EMDR therapy does not require homework, sustained arousal, detailed descriptions of the index trauma, or extended exposure to the event. While the eye movement component has been the subject of controversy, in the past decade an additional 20 randomized trials have evaluated the eye movements and demonstrated significantly superior effects compared to “exposure-only” conditions. The eye movements have been shown to (a) decrease the emotionality and vividness of memories, (b) create physiological relaxation responses, (c) facilitate access to associative memories and (d) lead to an increase in recognition of correct information. Two dominant theories regarding the role of the eye movements have emerged: (1) disruption of working memory and (2) elicitation of an orienting response. The research and clinical implications will be examined.
The goals of this presentation parallel those of the conference itself by allowing participants to evaluate ways in which EMDR therapy offers innovations in both conceptualization and clinical treatment. These innovations include ways to support therapy retention and increase stability for those clients ordinarily considered too fragile to tolerate memory processing. Outreach can also be increased through the use of consecutive-day trauma treatment. Relevant research will be reported on the use of EMDR therapy with diverse populations.
Participants will learn how the adaptive information processing theory that guides EMDR therapy practice offers a reconceptualization of (a) psychopathology, (b) therapeutic change, (c) the therapy relationship, (d) preparation for processing and (e) the multiple methods included in the therapy. The presentation will provide participants with the theoretical basis for EMDR therapy, an overview of the eight treatment phases, the three-pronged selection of processing targets, pertinent research, as well as applications to the full range of trauma victims. Videotaped sessions will demonstrate diverse treatment effects and provide participants with comparisons to other research-supported trauma treatments.
1-Describe the relevant research findings
2-Identify the components of the standard EMDR therapy three-pronged approach to processing
3-Contrast EMDR therapy with other empirically supported trauma treatments
Accuracy Verified: Yes
135. Steele, A. (2001). Introduction to imaginal nurturing with EMDR in the treatment of adult clients with insecure attachment. Presentation at the EMDR Association of Canada Conference in Vancouver, B.C..
Language: English
Format: Conference
Keywords: Adult Attachment Imaginal Nurturing
Accuracy Verified: Yes
136. Pagani, M. (2010, June). Introduction to neuroimaging in EMDR research. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
In the recent years the number of neuroimaging studies
evaluating neural correlates of psychotherapy has steadily
increased revealing its clear neurobiological effects on brain
function across a wide range of psychiatric disorders. Functional
studies by single photon emission computed tomography
(SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) detect
changes in cerebral blood flow and metabolism patterns, identifying
the brain areas processing the various components of
emotional processing and/or affected by the disorders. investigations
by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have also revealed
psychiatry disease-related structural changes.
The first part of the workshop (20 minutes) will describe the
neuroimaging methodologies implemented in EMDR research
and their possible clinical implementations will be discussed.
In the second part (10 minutes) neuroimaging studies on the
neurobiological effect of EMDR will be reviewed (1-5).
The third part of the workshop (30 minutes) will deal with the
last findings in EMDR research and will focus on a recent studies
published by our group on the Journal of Psychiatry Research
about the predictive value of MRI on the outcome of
EMDR therapy (6).Moreover a collaborator of our group will
describe and present the preliminary findings of an ongoing experiment
aiming to identify the neurophysiological mechanisms
active during EMDR therapy.
The description and the discussion about the contents of the
workshop will provide the audience
1 the necessary information to understand the methodological
principles behind the neuroimaging techniques (PET and
SPECT) and their possible applications in research and clinic;
2, the critical knowledge of the limited number of published
papers in the field of EMDR-related functional and anatomical
studies (1-6);
3. the basic research principles and examples to be motivated
to begin, take part and/or collaborate to EMDR research in order
to shed light on the neural basis of this fascinating psychotherapeutic
technique.
The presented material will represent the state-of-the-art of the
current neuroscience EMDR-related research and of the neuroimaging
methodologies available at the moment.
in case more contributions will be included in this workshop the
proposed presentation time schedule might change.
References:
Lansing et al. (2005). J Neuropsych Clin Neurosci; l7(4):526-532.
Propper et al. (2007). J Nerv Met Dis; 195:785-788.
Ho DH and Choi J. (2007). J EMDR Pract Res; l(l):24-30.
Pagani et al. (2007). Nuc Med Comm: 28(10):757-65.
Bossini et al (2007). J Neuropsych Clin Neurosci; 19(4):475-476.
Nardo et al. (2010). J Psychiatry Res; D0110.1016/jjpsychires.2009.10.014
Keywords: Neuroimaging Research
Accuracy Verified: Yes
137. Shapiro, E., & Laub, B. (2008, September). Introduction to the (revised) recent traumatic episode protocol (R-TEP): A newly applied conceptual perspective for early EMDR Intervention (EEI). Author.
Language: English
Format: Other
Abstract:
The Recent-Traumatic Episode Protocol (R-TEP) takes the wisdom of the Standard EMDR
Protocol (Shapiro, 1995, 2001) and applies it in adapted form for recent events to provide a
comprehensive approach to Early EMDR Intervention (EEI). The R-TEP thus presents an
integrative protocol for EEI, which incorporates and extends existing procedures. It is a protocol
that utilises both the EMD and EMDR protocols together with some elements of the Recent
Event protocol within a newly conceived extended time perspective, termed here the
"Traumatic Episode". The Traumatic Episode (or T-Episode) comprises multiple targets of
disturbing images/ events/ other experiences, from the original incident until today, including
disturbing thoughts about the future, which need to be processed. [Excerpt]
Keywords: Recent Events Recent Traumatic Events R-TEP Protocol
Accuracy Verified: Yes
138. Barach, P. (2000, September). Introduction to the diagnosis and treatment of dissociative disorders: Learning the ropes, avoiding the pitfalls. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Toronto, Ontario Canada.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
EMDR is not the focus of this program.
Participants will: 1) become acquainted with interview questions and diagnostic instruments that access for the presense of a dissociative disorder; 2) learn current thinking concerning the etiology of dissociative disorder; and 3) learn how to use therapeutic boundaries and pacing to structure a treatment plan for dissociative clients that helps maintain daily functionality; 4) understand the basic issues in the false memory/recovered memory controversy; and 5) understand some of the common traps and errors in the treatment of this population.
Keywords: Diagnostic Instruments Dissociation False Memory Interview Questions Pacing Recovered Memory Therapeutic Boundaries
Accuracy Verified: Yes
139. Peterson, G. (2001, December). Introduction to the power therapies. Presentation at the International Society for the Study of Dissociation Fall Conference, New Orleans, LA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Keywords: Power Therapies
Accuracy Verified: No
140. Frischholtz, E., Kowal, J. A., & Hammond, D. C. (2001, January-April). Introduction to the special section: Hypnosis and EMDR. American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis, 43(3-4), 179-182.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Introduction to a special series on hypnosis and EMDR.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
141. Beutler, L. E. (2002, December). Introduction to the special series on EMDR. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58(12), 1451-1452. doi:10.1002/jclp.10098.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Notes that eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) has been the focus of a good deal of research. While the mechanisms of action associated with EMDR continue to be hotly debated, ample research evidence has accumulated to indicate that this treatment is associated with positive benefits, at least compared to other established treatments for many anxiety disorders. The current special series of this journal is designed to illustrate preliminary results of research programs and early pilot studies of ways in which this treatment may be extended and modified to improve its effects and expand its range of applications. It should be noted that the modified peer-review criteria applied to these preliminary studies require further research be initiated on these ideas before they are widely applied in clinical practice. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Introduction
Accuracy Verified: Yes
142. Kitchur, M. (2000, September). Introduction to the strategic developmental model for EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Toronto, Ontario Canada.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Participants will be able to: 1) employ a rapid strategic history-taking process with clients; 2) quickly formulate a developmentally-based hypothesis about the client; 3) quickly identify and prioritize EMDR targets; 4) employ strategic language that faciltiates engagement and minimizes resistance; and 5) provide clients and funders with clearer time-frames for resolution of therapeutic issues.
Keywords: History-Taking Strategic Developmental Model
Accuracy Verified: Yes
143. Stowasser, J. (2011, August). An introduction to the treatment of domestic violence victims. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Orange County, CA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
This cursory presentation may help the clinician recognize domestic violence clients and inspire interest in further training, promoting safer integration of EMDR in the treatment of domestic violence. Definitions, statistics, and examples of domestic violence will be briefly explored. History taking approach regarding exposure in childhood and in adulthood will be touched upon. Assessing the victim’s safety, readiness for treatment, and safer reprocessing will be highlighted. Target selection and the three-pronged approach will be briefly examined. Greater awareness may safeguard their practice with this potentially lethal population.
Keywords: Domestic Violence Victims
Accuracy Verified: Yes
144. Shapiro, F. (2002). Introduction: Paradigms, processing, and personality development. In F. Shapiro (Ed.), EMDR as an integrative psychotherapy approach: Experts of diverse orientations explore the paradigm prism (pp. 3–26. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association Press.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
The basic thesis of this book is that eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is an integrated mode of psychotherapy with incorporated principles, protocols, and procedures that are compatible with all the major psychological orientations. It is hoped that EMDR can bridge the gap between various forms of psychotherapy and perhaps allow the information-processing model (which is explained in this chapter) to act as a common language. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Information-Processing Model Models Personality Development Psychotherapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
145. Lustig, S., Smrz, A., Sladen, P., Sellers, T. D., & Hellman, S. (2000, January-February). It takes a village: Caring for a traumatized art student. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 7(5), 290-298. doi:10.3109/hrp.7.5.290.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
One of the fascinating developments in mental health care in the last decade has been the appearance of specific psychotherapies for various psychiatric illnesses. Perhaps the best known of these is dialetical behavior therapy (DBT), pioneered by Linehan and colleagues for borderline personality disorder and consisting of rigorous group and individual cognitive-behavioral therapy within an empathetic and validating psychotherapy setting. Another is eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), described by Shapiro and coworkers as a treatment for PTSD and other anxiety disorders.The following case study involves a patient in a team-treatment setting who benefitted significantly from the use of DBT and EMDR, as well as a complex psychopharmacology regimen, after receiving an extensive battery of psychological tests. The clinicians who were involved with the patient will discuss the aspects of her care for which they were responsible. We do not endeavor to isolate which modality was the "right" one; rather, we are looking at the manner in which each potentiated the others. [Introduction] [Pilots]
Keywords: Borderline Personality Disorder Case Report Child Abuse Cognitive Therapy College Students Drug Therapy European Americans Females Incest Individual Psychotherapy Partial Hospitalization Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Rape Survivors Young Adults
Accuracy Verified: Yes
146. Roques, J. (2009). L'EMDR [EMDR]. Paris: InterEditions.
Language: French
Format: Book
Abstract:
Initiation à la méthode de traitement des traumatismes psychiques EMDR qui s'appuie sur la désensibilisation par le mouvement des yeux et le retraitement de l'information, en vue de la résolution des symptômes liés à des événements du passé. Présente les origines, les principes et fondements théoriques, les champs d'application, le déroulement d'une séance.
Introduction to the method of treating psychological trauma EMDR based on the movement desensitization and reprocessing eye information, for the resolution of symptoms related to events of the past. Presents the origins, principles and theoretical foundations, the scope, the unfolding of a meeting.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
147. Gauvreau, P. (2013, Mai). L’utilisation de la table dissociative dans la Phase 2 préparation [The use of the dissociative table in preparation for Phase 2]. Presentation at the annual EMDR Canada Conference, Banff, Alberta CAN.
Language: French
Format: Conference
Abstract: n
Lorsque nous travaillons avec des clients souffrant de TSPT Complexe, il est souvent fort utile des les aider à
accéder et identifier les différents états du moi, ces parties émotionnelles qui portent les réseaux de mémoires
contenant les souvenirs traumatiques/matériel dysfonctionnel. Cet atelier vise à présenter la Table dissociative
de Fraser comme outil de travail. Ce “lieu de rencontre interne” devient un endroit sécuritaire où les états du moi/
parties émotionnelles peuvent communiquer entre elles, facilitant la stabilisation, le renforcement de l’égo et la
préparation au travail de retraitement EMDR. Cette présentation se fera par le biais de matériel didactique et de
démonstrations video.
Objectifs d’apprentissage:
• Introduction aux principes généraux de la dissociation structurelle dans les cas de traumas complexes
• Apprendre un scripte afin de mettre en pratique la table dissociative
• Apprendre à mettre en place des stratégies de préparation et stabilisation via la table dissociative
When we work with clients with complex PTSD, it is often useful to help
access and identify the different ego states, those parts that carry the emotional memory arrays
containing traumatic memories / equipment dysfunctional. This workshop aims to present the dissociative Table
Fraser as a working tool. This "internal meeting place" becomes a safe place for ego states /
emotional parts can communicate with each other, facilitating stabilization, strengthening the ego and the
job readiness EMDR reprocessing. This presentation will be through educational materials and
video demonstrations.
Learning Objectives:
• Introduction to general principles of structural dissociation in the case of complex trauma
• Learn a script to put into practice the dissociative table
• Learn to develop preparedness strategies and stabilization via the dissociative table
Keywords: Dissociation Table Structural Dissociatio
Accuracy Verified: Yes
148. Glang, C. (1997, June). Meditation/Relaxation exercise. EMDRIA Newsletter, 2(4), 5-7.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract:
For twenty years, I have been guiding most of my clients through a particular meditation/relaxation exercise. It seems widely applicable, and to be well received by most people. Recently, I have use eye movements to enhance the effect. For several clients, it has served as a positive introduction to EMDR, and an effective way to establish a very safe place, often with a spiritual feel to it.
Keywords: Meditation
Accuracy Verified: Yes
149. Bossini, L., Poliziotto, N., Tavanti, M., Calossi, S., Lombardelli, A., Vatti, G., & Castrogiovanni, P. (2006, Febbraio). Neuroimaging e PTSD: Dati morfovolumetrici e loro variazioni dopo trattamento [Neuroimaging and PTSD: Facts morfovolumetrici and their changes after treatment]. Presentazione al Congresso XI SOPSI (Società Italiana di Psicopatologia), Roma, Italia.
Language: Italian
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Introduzione: molti studi concordano sulla riduzione del volume ippocampale nei pazienti affetti da PTSD 1 e che tale alterazione anatomica è correlata con deficit cognitivi e
con la gravità dei sintomi. Comunque ad oggi non è stato ancora chiarito se l’atrofia ippocampale rappresenta l’esito di un effetto neurotossico del trauma o, piuttosto, una condizione
preesistente che predispone allo sviluppo di alcune patologie psichiatriche. Già da tempo studi su animali dimostrano
come lo stress causi atrofia ippocampale e inibizione della
neurogenesi, con meccanismi verosimilmente legati ai glucocorticoidi, all’increzione del fattore corticotropo, all’aumento degli aminoacidi eccitatori, all’inibizione fattore
neurotrofico cerebrale con perdita della plasticità neuronale. Nell’uomo, tuttavia, i risultati non sono così lineari. Da un
lato alcuni studi hanno individuato come fattore principale l’aumento dei glucocorticoidi 2, dall’altro tale teoria è stata fortemente criticata 3. Secondo Yehuda il meccanismo di
atrofia ippocampale è dovuto ad un’alterazione dell’asse
Ipotalamo-Ipofisi-Surrene (HPA), ma in termini di una bassa
increzione di glucocorticoidi che determina un aumento del
feedback negativo dell’asse stesso ed un’ipersensibilità recettoriale.
Indipendentemente dal meccanismo d’azione, la perdita di neuroni a livello ippocampale nei soggetti che hanno subito eventi traumatici sembra sufficientemente dimostrata e, fino a poco tempo fa, era considerata irreversibile. In realtà l’ippocampo sembra presentare una inusuale e spontanea capacità rigenerativa. Questo dato è stato individuato in molte specie animali e, in un unico studio, anche nell’uomo 4. Inoltre recenti evidenze pre-cliniche e cliniche hanno indicato che gli SSRI (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) promuovono la neurogenesi e riducono l’atrofia ippocampale
indotta dallo stress nell’animale 5 e nell’uomo sono in grado
di ridurre i sintomi del PTSD, incrementare le dimensioni
dell’ippocampo e ridurre i deficit mnesici tipici della patologia
6 7. Un altro fattore che sembra essere in grado di stimolare la neurogenesi negli animali sembra essere “l’ambiente arricchito” verosimilmente tramite i meccanismi molecolari dell’apprendimento che sembrano in grado di attivare la trascrizione dell’mRNA per il Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor. Questo dato della letteratura supporta il razionale dell’efficacia della psicoterapia anche se l’unico studio
che valuta le modificazioni morfostrutturali dopo psicoterapia non ha riportato risultati positivi 8. Gli scopi di questo studio sono:
– valutare la presenza di atrofia ippocampale nei pazienti affetti da PTSD (T0-drug-free);
– valutare l’effetto della terapia: farmacologica con SSRI e
psicoterapica con EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) sia sul piano clinico e neuropsicologico,
che sul volume ippocampale, sia sulla memoria (T1). Metodologia: abbiamo analizzato un campione di 20 pazienti, di età compresa tra i 15 ed i 65 anni, reclutati nell’ambulatorio psichiatrico del Policlinico universitario di
Siena affetti da PTSD e un gruppo di controllo di soggetti
sani appaiati per sesso, età, peso e altezza. I soggetti di entrambi
i gruppi sono stati sottoposti ad uno studio morfovolumetrico
computerizzato dell’Ippocampo tramite RM (Risonanza Magnetica). Inoltre, i diciassette pazienti con PTSD sono stati valutati tramite la somministrazione di test neuropsicologici
e scale psicometriche per approfondire il quadro
psicopatologico e valutare l’eventuale presenza di deficit cognitivi. Nei soggetti affetti da PTSD dopo un periodo di sei mesi di
terapia psicofarmacologica sono stati ripetuti i test neuropsicologici,
le scale psicometriche e l’analisi morfovolumetrica dell’ippocampo tramite RM.
Tre pazienti, dopo le valutazioni al T0, hanno effettuato un protocollo terapeutico con solo EMDR e sono stati rivalutati
dopo 8 sedute (due mesi).
Risultati: i risultati della prima parte sperimentale (T0-drug-free) evidenziano che le dimensioni dell’ippocampo di
sinistra nei soggetti affetti da PTSD sono significativamente minori rispetto ai controlli sani. Dai risultati osservati al follow-up (T1-post-terapia) è possibile
evincere che la terapia nei soggetti considerati è associata ad un miglioramento della sintomatologia e ad un aumento
dei volumi ippocampali, pari al 9,87% per l’ippocampo di destra e dell’8,37% per l’ippocampo di sinistra. Questi dati
sono concordi con i dati presenti in letteratura, anche se la percentuale di recupero su base neuroplastica nel nostro studio
risulta sensibilmente superiore rispetto ai due studi presenti in letteratura incremento pari al 4,6% 6; pari al 5% 7. I tre pazienti che hanno effettuato terapia con EMDR hanno
anch’essi mostrato al T1 un miglioramento sintomatologico (CAPS non più positiva per i criteri diagnostici) ed un aumento
medio dei volumi ippocampali pari a 338,25 mm3 per
l’ippocampo DX e 357,93 mm3 per l’ippocampo SN.
Conclusioni: la terapia nei soggetti considerati si è associata ad un aumento dei volumi ippocampali (9,87%-8,37%).
L’aumento dei volumi ippocampali appare rilevante, consistente con i dati in letteratura, sebbene quantitativamente superiore, sottolineando l’efficacia degli SSRI verosimilmente tramite il meccanismo di attivazione della neurogenesi;
è ipotizzabile che l’aumento di volume non sia da imputare ad un aumento delle cellule gliali ma ad un aumento di neuroni ippocampali visto il contemporaneo miglioramento clinico. Particolarmente interessante ci sembra il dato relativo all’efficacia clinica e sulla plasticità neurale della EMDR.
Questa osservazione su solo tre casi, necessita chiaramente di essere confermata su un campione più ampio ma rappresenta la prima evidenza in letteratura di un’azione della psicoterapia
diretta alla struttura cerebrale.
Introduction: Many studies agree on the reduction of hippocampal volume in patients with PTSD and that an anatomical alteration is correlated with cognitive deficits and the severity of symptoms. However to date has not yet been clarified whether hippocampal atrophy is the result of a neurotoxic effect of trauma or, rather, an underlying condition that predisposes to the development of some psychiatric disorders. For some time animal studies show that stress causes hippocampal atrophy and inhibition of neurogenesis, by mechanisms probably related to glucocorticoids, all'increzione corticotropo factor, increased excitatory amino acid, inhibition of brain neurotrophic factor with loss of neuronal plasticity. In humans, however, the results are not so linear. On the one hand, some studies have identified as the main factor increasing glucocorticoid two other such theory was strongly criticized 3. According to Yehuda mechanism of hippocampal atrophy is due to an alteration of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA), but in terms of a low secretion of glucocorticoids leading to an increase of negative feedback axis and the same receptor hypersensitivity . Regardless of the mechanism of action, loss of neurons in hippocampus in people who have suffered traumatic events seems sufficiently established and, until recently, was considered irreversible. In fact, the hippocampus appears to be an unusual and spontaneous regenerative capacity. This figure has been identified in many animal species and in one study in humans 4. Moreover, recent evidence pre-clinical and clinical studies have shown that SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) promote neurogenesis and reduce stress-induced hippocampal atrophy in animals 5 and humans are able to reduce symptoms of PTSD, increase the size of the hippocampus and reduce the deficit mnesic typical of the disease 6 7. Another factor that seems to be able to stimulate neurogenesis in animals seems to be "enriched environment" probably through molecular mechanisms of learning that seem able to activate the transcription of mRNA for Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor. This finding supports the rationale of the literature of the effectiveness of psychotherapy, even if the only study that evaluates changes morphostructural after psychotherapy has shown positive results 8. The aims of this study are: - To evaluate the presence of hippocampal atrophy in patients with PTSD (T0-drug-free) - to assess the effect of therapy: pharmacological SSRI and psychotherapy with EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) is a clinical and neuropsychological, and on hippocampal volume, and memory (T1). Methods: We analyzed a sample of 20 patients, aged between 15 and 65, recruited nell'ambulatorio Psychiatric University Hospital of Siena with PTSD and a control group of healthy subjects matched by sex, age, weight and height. Subjects in both groups were subjected to a computerized study morfovolumetrico dell'Ippocampo using MRI (Magnetic Resonance). In addition, seventeen patients with PTSD were assessed through administration of psychometric scales and neuropsychological tests to study the psychopathological picture and evaluate the possible presence of cognitive deficits. In subjects with PTSD after a period of six months of pharmacological therapy were repeated neuropsychological tests, scales psychometric analysis morfovolumetrica hippocampus by MRI. Three patients at T0 after assessments, carried out a treatment protocol with only EMDR and were reassessed after eight sessions (two months). Results: The results of the first experiment (T0-drug-free) show that the size of the left hippocampus in patients with PTSD are significantly lower compared to healthy controls. The results observed during the follow-up (T1-post-therapy) can be inferred that therapy in patients considered to be associated with improvement in symptoms and an increase in hippocampal volume, equal to 9.87% for the right hippocampus and 8, 37% for the left hippocampus. These data are consistent with the data in the literature, although the recovery rate based on neuroplastic in our study is significantly higher than in the two studies in the literature increase of 4.6% 6; 5% 7. The three patients who have treatment with EMDR have also shown an improvement in symptoms at T1 (CAPS no longer positive for the diagnostic criteria) and an average increase in hippocampal volume amounted to 338.25 mm3 for the hippocampus and DX 357, 93 mm3 for the hippocampus SN. Conclusions: Therapy in patients considered was associated with an increase in hippocampal volume (9.87% -8.37%). The increase in hippocampal volume appear to be relevant, consistent with the literature data, although quantitatively greater, stressing the effectiveness of SSRIs probably through the mechanism of activation of neurogenesis, it is conceivable that the increase in volume is attributable to an increase glial cells but an increase of hippocampal neurons seen the simultaneous clinical improvement. Seems particularly interesting given the relative clinical effectiveness of EMDR and neural plasticity. This observation on only three cases, clearly needs to be confirmed on a larger sample but represents the first evidence in the literature of action of psychotherapy directed at brain structure.
Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
150. Raynaud, P., Boxus, A., Renoir, V., & Sanchez, S. (2012, January). P-975 - From mind to brain: Event-related potentials and EMDR treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder. European Psychiatry, 27(Supplement 1), 1-1. doi:10.1016/S0924-9338(12)75142-8.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Introduction: Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is a relevant technique to improve post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Objectives: To compare the electrophysiological profile of patients suffering post traumatic stress disorder before and after EMDR treatment. Aims: The authors are in search of a specific event-related brain potentials profile for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Methods: Eight patients suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following a severe traumatic event, were assessed with event-related brain potentials (ERPs) in a modified oddball paradigm containing auditory standard, target, and novel tones. ERPs were assessed before and after a treatment session using the eye movement desensitization and reprocessing method. Results: Psychometric assessment revealed a marked improvement of the PTSD symptoms after treatment. Compared to a control group that underwent sham treatment, ERPs of the patients showed morphological changes in the post-treatment recording, suggesting a reduced orienting to novel stimuli and reduced arousal level after the treatment. Conclusions: EMDR therapy provides clinical improvement and event-related potentials changes that could be used in clinical practice as an interesting marker to assess diagnosis and successful treatment of PTSD.
Keywords: Event-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
151. Kahn, D. (2008, November). PAA: Positive affect activation, addition to/modification of phase 6 of the standard EMDR protocol. Israel EMDR. Retrieved from http://www.emdr.org.il/dls/eyes2body.swf on 8/12/2010.
Language: English
Format: Other
Abstract:
It is suggested that when we receive a clean body scan, before we continue on to closure, we elicit positive affect and body activation that may currently be associated with the target and install with BLS. Following this we would return to the standard protocol with closure. The rationale for this is presented along with the introduction of an additional scale of SUPAs – Subjective Units of Positive Activation.
Keywords: PAA Positive Affect Activation Shock Wave Flash
Accuracy Verified: Yes
152. Wolpe, J., & Abrams, J. (1991, March). Post-traumatic stress disorder overcome by eye movement desensitization: A case report. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 22(1), 39-43. doi:10.1016/0005-7916(91)90032-Z.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
PTSD is an exceptionally stressful syndrome that has been extremely difficult to treat. The prognosis was recently dramatically improved by the introduction of eye-movement desensitization. This paper reports, in substantial detail, a case that was precipitated by a rape 10 years earlier, describing its manifestations and various unsuccessful attempts to treat it; followed by a detailed exposition of the eventual, completely successful treatment by eye-movement desensitization. [Author Summary]
Keywords: Adults Americans Case Report Females Posttraumatic Stress DIsorder PTSD Rape Survivors
Accuracy Verified: Yes
153. Benedek, D. M., & Ursano, R. J. (2009, Spring). Posttraumatic stress disorder: From phenomenology to clinical practice. Focus, the Journal of Lifelong Learning in Psychiatry, VII(2), 160-175.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
The psychological and behavioral consequences of exposure to traumatic events—particularly combat—have
been recognized throughout the ages. Since its 1982 introduction in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders, 3rd edition much has been learned about the pathophysiology of PTSD. Current theories focus on brain regions
and neurobiological systems regulating stress and fear response, fear memory formation and retrieval. Effective
pharmacologic and psychotherapeutic interventions target these systems. New treatments must prove more effective in
specific subpopulations of patients with PTSD. These will include combinations of pharmacologic agents and psychotherapy,
and treatments targeting different regions, receptors, or mechanisms involved in the traumatic stress response.
Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD
Accuracy Verified: Yes
154. Lamprecht, F. (2000). Praxis der traumatherapie: Was kann EMDR leisten? (mit Therapieführer) [Practice of trauma therapy: What can EMDR?]. Stuttgart: Pfeiffer bei Klett-Cotta.
Language: German
Format: Book
Abstract:
Mit Therapieführer
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) wurde 1989 von Francine Shapiro als eine neue Methode zur Behandlung traumatisierter Menschen vorgestellt. Die »Augenbewegungs-Desensibilisierungstherapie« gilt als spektakuläres Verfahren, weil sich in vielen Fällen bereits nach wenigen Behandlungen erstaunliche Besserungen einstellten. Traumatische Bilder und Erinnerungen werden in EMDR-Sitzungen bearbeitet, indem der Klient diese intensiv wiedererlebt, während er gleichzeitig eine Wahrnehmungsaufgabe erfüllt: Mit den Augen folgt er der sich hin und her bewegenden Hand des Therapeuten. Dies leitet auf neuronaler Ebene einen beschleunigten Verarbeitungsprozeß ein; belastende Erinnerungen verblassen, und neue, konstruktivere Gedanken können an ihre Stelle treten. Inzwischen wurde das Verfahren in vielen unabhängigen Studien überprüft und als effektive Behandlungstechnik bestätigt.
Friedhelm Lamprecht war einer der ersten Psychotherapeuten, die EMDR erlernten und anwendeten. So gehören er und sein Autorenteam zu den wenigen Fachleuten, die in der Lage sind, über eigene Anwendungserfahrungen zu berichten, die Methode kritisch zu beurteilen, ihre Möglichkeiten und Grenzen zu beschreiben, eigene statistische Erfahrungswerte vorzulegen und selbstentwickelte Weiterführungen darzustellen. Darüber hinaus gibt das Buch eine allgemeine Einführung in die Theorie und Praxis heutiger Traumatherapie und enthält einen Therapieführer.
Da sich EMDR sowohl in den verhaltenstherapeutischen als auch in den psychoanalytischen Therapierahmen einfügt, ist das Buch für eine breite professionelle Leserschaft von Interesse.
Mit Beiträgen von Ursula Gast, Wolfgang Lempa, Martin Sack.
»Der hohe Informationswert des Buches basiert einesteils darauf, dass Friedhelm Lamprecht und sein Autorenteam im deutschsprachigen Bereich mit zu den ersten Psychotherapeuten gehörten, die EMDR erlernt haben. Infolgedessen vermochten sie für ihre psychotraumatologische Forschungsarbeit eine hohe Kompetenz einzubringen. Andererseits erhält das Buch auch dadurch eine attraktive Note, dass die Befunde in den verschiedenartigen Settings eines Universitätskrankenhauses erhoben wurden.«
Hellmuth Freyberger (Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik, medizinische Psychologie).
With EMDR therapy guide (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) was introduced in 1989 by Francine Shapiro as a new method for the treatment of traumatized people. The "eye movement desensitization therapy" is considered spectacular procedure, because in many cases ceased after a few treatments amazing improvements. Traumatic images and memories are processed in EMDR sessions by the client this intensely relived, while he simultaneously fulfills a perception problem: With the eyes he is the to and fro moving hand of the therapist. This leads to a neuronal level, a process accelerated processing; incriminating memories fade, and new and constructive thoughts can take their place. Meanwhile, the process was in many independent studies reviewed and confirmed as an effective treatment technique. Friedhelm Lamprecht was one of the first psychotherapists who EMDR learned and applied. So he and his team of writers are among the few professionals who are able to report on their own application experience to assess the critical method to describe their capabilities and limitations, provide their own self-developed statistical experience and represent continuations. In addition, the book gives a general introduction to the theory and practice of today's trauma therapy, and includes a treatment guide. Since EMDR fits in both the behavioral and in the framework of psychoanalytic therapy, is the book for a broad readership of professional interest. With contributions by Ursula guest, Wolfgang Lempa, Martin sack. "The high information value of the book is based the one hand that Friedhelm Lamprecht and his team of authors included in the German area of the first psychotherapists have learned the EMDR. Consequently, they could for their research work psychotraumatological a high level of competence contribute. On the other hand, the book also replaced by an attractive note that the findings were collected in the various settings of a university hospital. "Hellmuth Freyberger (psychotherapy, psychosomatic medicine, medical psychology).
Accuracy Verified: Yes
155. Lohr, J. M., Montgomery, R. W., Lilienfeld, S. O., & Tolin, D. F. (1999). Pseudoscience and the commercial promotion of trauma treatments. In R. Gist, & B. Lubin, (Eds.), Response to disaster: psychosocial, community, and ecological approaches (pp. 291-326). Philadelphia: Brunner/Mazel.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
The authors take as specific exemplars two of the popularized "power therapies" -- eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) and thought field therapy (TFT) -- to demonstrate the influence of pseudoscience in the contemporary trauma industry. [Adapted from Introduction, p. 239]
Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Professional Criticism PTSD Scientific Research Stressors Survivors TFT Thought Field Therapy Treatment Effectiveness
Accuracy Verified: Yes
156. Lipke, H., & Glang, C. (2000, December). Psychological approach to Albanian Kosovar refugees with considerations for brief post-crisis services in general. Traumatology, 6(4), 295-305. doi:10.1177/153476560000600404 .
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
This article focuses on an interesting experience in working with Albanian Kosovar refugees last year in a refugee camp in Hemer, Germany. The authors, though highly trained and proficient traumatologists, worked with a large number of clients for a brief amount of time who had to rely on poorly trained interpreters who were themselves refugees in need of traumatology services (and eventually received it). They describe how Western educated practitioners were forced to adopt their methods of treatment ("standard EMDR model") to fit the requirements of the context. Among other things, they had to represent their work as educational ("information focus groups") and not "treatment" (due to the stigma), skip the time-consuming activities of assessment and rapport building, and accepted the direction of the camp psychologists as to who should or should not receive assistance. The bulk of their report focuses on the their information focus: the focus group content. They most often utilized a solution-focused approach (using eye movements to reinforce positive self-referencing statements) when working with individuals, although EMDR was used successfully with the few who requested it. The latter portion of the report includes three case studies. The authors concluded what worked best is a combination of group and individual work that relied on psychoeducation, accessing positive as well as negative material, and not initially focusing on the trauma. This information should be useful to any practitioner who must overcome similar challenges. [Adapted from Introduction] [Pilots]
Keywords: Interpreters Kosovars Psychotherapeutic Processes Refugees Victim Services
Accuracy Verified: Yes
157. St-André, E. (2007, June). PTSD secondary to Fournier's grangrene: 1-Comparison of two eye modalities, 2-Legal and ethical issues. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
G. G., a man in his mid 30s was brought to medico-legal service to assess fitness to stand trial, and criminal responsibility, after a brief appearance in court: He was charged with death threats.
G. G. was quite angry about his situation, and argumentative against health and justice systems. Physically, he was short stature, extremely lean, his body was leaning forward.
He was living alone, has a girl of thirteen, which he saw once in a while.
He was not working for few years, after two major events; he lost his garage after a huge fire (from which he escaped alive and safe), and was few months earlier, found almost dead by a neighbor. Brought to the hospital, he had more than ten surgeries in a few days, to lance many wound, as he as suffering of Fournier’s disease. He was left with his body leaning forward about 45 degrees, 4 cm thick scar around his abdomen, a severely deformed genitalia, and chronic pain. Another surgery was performed later which permitted the man to be less leaned forward.
Before those events, he wasn’t known from psychiatry. He had a life that he considered, “okay,” even though he was separated. He has his own garage, a social life. He admitted some alcohol and drugs use in the past. After the illness and the fire, he was seen more often in psychiatry. Specialists concluded from time to time to chronic adjustment disorder, and drug addiction, and oriented him to resources for his problem. No follow-up in psychiatry.
G. G. was so much in pain that he took cocaine repeatedly for few minutes’ relief.
With this story and symptoms description, severe PTSD diagnosis was made and treatment initiated accordingly, with introduction of ISRS, and later, seroquel, to decrease dissociative episode he was still experimenting. With informed consent, we had three sessions of EMI, which helped him in various ways; The nightmares decreased of 50%, after the first treatment, he was less angry and afraid of hospital and care, and was more in control of dissociative episodes. Sleep improved, so did his mood. He was eve able to go for correction of his deformed genitalia. Even though still on medication, he felt that the therapy helped him much to recover. After his discharge and end of court process, he was able to go back home. We were at the time unable to do more treatments, as he was involved in his physical rehabilitation. He had at least 2 other reconstructive surgeries.
This case allows discussion about similarities, pros and cons of EMI and EMDR, in their theories and practice. More importantly, this case raises important ethical and legal questions about adequate diagnosis and treatment of PTSF which include powerful tools as EMDR. This tool is yet relatively unknown from general population, and available mainly (in Quebec, Canada) through private facilities. From ethical standpoint, it should be more readily available – without fees – in public services.
Keywords: Case Report Ethical Issues Fournier's Gangrene Legal Issues
Accuracy Verified: Yes
158. Shapiro, E. (2012, June). The recent-traumatic episode protocol. A comprehensive approach for early EMDR intervention (EEI) [Protocolo del Trauma Reciente Un planteamiento integral para la intervención precoz con EMDR (EEI)]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
EMDR
has
demonstrated
effectiveness
in
treating
chronic
PTSD
and
old
trauma
memories,
yet
Early
EMDR
Intervention
(EEI)
protocols
have
not
received
much
attention
from
EMDR
researchers
or
clinicians.
It
is
proposed
that
EEI,
while
trauma
memories
have
not
yet
been
integrated,
may
be
used
not
only
to
treat
acute
distress
but
may
also
provide
a
window
of
opportunity
in
which
a
brief
intervention,
possibly
on
successive
days,
may
prevent
complications
&
strengthen
resilience.
Checking
for
sub-‐clinical
sticking
points,
which
can
obstruct
the
Adaptive
Information
Processing
(AIP)
and
don’t
necessarily
show
up
on
the
DSM
radar,
the
R-‐TEP
may
reduce
the
sensitisation
and
accumulation
of
trauma
memories.
As
part
of
a
comprehensive
approach
to
EEI,
this
workshop
presents
the
Recent
Traumatic
Episode
Protocol
(R-‐TEP),
which
is
an
integrative
protocol
that
incorporates
and
extends
existing
protocols
within
a
new
conceptual
framework,
together
with
additional
measures
for
containment
and
safety.
An
introduction
to
the
R-‐TEP
will
be
presented
with
video
case
illustrations.
EMDR
ha
demostrado
su
eficacia
en
el
tratamiento
de
TEPT
crónico,
al
igual
que
para
los
recuerdos
traumáticos
antiguos;
no
obstante,
los
protocolos
para
la
intervención
precoz
con
EMDR
(EEI)
no
han
recibido
mucha
atención
ni
por
parte
de
los
que
investigan
en
el
campo
de
EMDR
ni
por
parte
de
los
clínicos.
Se
propone
que
la
EEI,
durante
el
período
en
el
cual
aún
no
han
sido
integrados
los
recuerdos
traumáticos,
puede
emplearse
no
solo
para
tratar
el
estrés
agudo,
sino
que
también
es
posible
que
ofrezca
una
ventana
de
oportunidades
durante
la
cual
una
intervención
breve,
posiblemente
en
días
sucesivos,
puede
prevenir
las
complicaciones
y
fortalecer
la
resiliencia.
Al
comprobar
[posibles]
puntos
de
fricción
subclínicos
que
pueden
impedir
el
procesamiento
adaptativo
de
la
información
(AIP)
y
que
no
siempre
se
manifiestan
en
el
radar
del
DSM,
el
R-‐TEP
puede
reducir
la
sensibilización
y
acumulación
de
recuerdos
del
trauma.
Como
parte
del
planteamiento
integral
a
la
EEI,
este
taller
presenta
el
protocolo
para
episodios
traumáticos
recientes
(R-‐TEP),
un
protocolo
integrador
que
incorpora
y
extiende
los
protocolos
existentes
dentro
de
un
nuevo
marco
conceptual,
junto
con
medidas
adicionales
para
la
contención
y
seguridad.
Se
presentará
una
introducción
al
R-‐TEP
junto
con
casos
que
sirvan
de
ejemplos.
Keywords: Early EMDR Intervention EEI Recent-Traumatic Episode Protocol R-TEP
Accuracy Verified: Yes
159. Beere, D., Simon, M., & Welch, K. (2000, January-April). Recommendations and illustrations for combining hypnosis and EMDR in the treatment of psychological trauma. American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis, 43(3-4), 217-231. doi:10.1080/00029157.2001.10404278.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Three experienced therapists, trained in hypnosis and EMDR, distilled some tentative hypotheses about the use of hypnosis in EMDR from fifteen cases, two presented here. When a therapist uses hypnosis with EMDR, it seems that the client is having difficulty or the therapist anticipates that the client will have difficulty managing the experiences processed with EMDR. Hypnosis initiated either during the introduction to EMDR or within a therapy session prior to the initiation of EMDR seems to have served two functions. The first function is to activate inner work that prepares the client to use EMDR successfully, and the second function is to facilitate overtly the processing of the traumatic experience. Clients might have two kinds of difficulties in managing affect or distress: (1) they may have a long-standing, irrational and strongly held belief that interferes with managing affect or distress, and (2) they may never have developed the capacity to tolerate intense affect, distress or pain. Should a therapist use hypnosis during the closing down phase of a session without preparing the client with hypnosis during the introduction to EMDR, the therapist should seriously reconsider the pace and focus of EMDR and the client's resources to manage affect and distress. [Author Abstract]
Keywords: Hypnotherapy Treatment Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Review Treatment Effectiveness
Accuracy Verified: Yes
160. Lushyn, P., & Borrelli, S. ([2003]). Rediscovery of EMDR: In search of a rationale. The EMDR Practitioner. Retrieved from http://www.emdr-practitioner.net on 12/27/2008.
Language: English
Format: Other
Abstract:
I am a clinical psychologist and professor of psychological counseling from Ukraine,. My
introduction to EMDR happened in Kiev, in 1995, when Professor A. Bondarenko
(initiator and one of the prominent EMDR proponents in Ukraine) invited me to
participate in one of the first Ukrainian EMDR workshops (Level 1) lead by Dr. Roger
Solomon. After that, Francine Shapiro sponsored my Level I1 training in Los Angeles in
1996. By that time I have had a rather extended EMDR experience with Chernobile
clients. I would not say that all has been totally positive. But still, some of my results
attracted Dr. Shapiro and she used a few cases from my practice in her second book coauthored
with M. Forrest (Shapiro & Forrest, 1997). 1 had mixed feelings about EMIIR.
On the one hand, I intuitively sensed that there are many clinical possibilities for its use.
On the other, the absence of a "strong" rationale added to my subconscious search for a
more grounded EMDR explanation than the metaphors Francine used. My first attem~ptto
create one of my own coincided with some major life change-events, influenced by the
breakdown of the USSR and consequently, dramatic social and personal transformations
in the fate of the nation. At the same time (1995-2001), 1 started my post-doctoral project
on personality change processes. I nearly stopped practicing EMDR and was totally
overwhelmed with personal survival issues facing the challenges of the economic mi
political situation.
Keywords: Pavel Lushyn
Accuracy Verified: Yes
161. Dodgson, P. W. (2007, June). Shame: The adaptive information processing model and introduction of the "protocol interweave" in EMDR with victims of torture, rape and organised violence. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Shame is often a key component of post-traumatic stress and one that can inhibit processing because the person concerned feels no compassion for the self that was shamed. Shame may lead to despising or hating that self so that allowing the self to grow, to recovered, feels almost impossible. Shame is experienced cognitively, emotionally, and somatically: in “brain, heart, and body.”
Shame may lead to blocked processing that does not respond to cognitive interweaves or other approaches such as changes in speed, modality and direction of bilateral stimulation, or “TICES’ strategies, changing aspects of images, cognitions or emotional and sensory interventions. Typically, Subjective Units of Distress scale scored stick at 4.
This paper will draw on clinical work with people who have experienced rape, torture and organized violence and explore ways of unlocking the inhibiting factors of shame, enabling the victim of personal violence to have compassion for themselves, and forgiveness. With compassion, a person can allow themself to recover, and processing the memories of the traumatic incident or incidents can move to adaptive resolution.
The paper will present case material using the adaptive information processing model as a helpful way of enabling clinets to normalize their mental, emotional and somatic reactions, to structure what often seems like a chaotic inner world and to address issues including shame.
This paper will propose a protocol for EMDR psychotherapy with people who have been victims of rape, torture, and organized violence and will introduce a “protocol interweave” for working with people for whom shame is a factor that impedes effective processing.
The “protocol interweave” focuses on the ‘self who has been shamed” and adapts the desensitization phase to enable the individual to process material associated with their thoughts, feelings, and sensations with regards to the self of whom they are ashamed and whom they may despise. The paper will also examine recent thinking about shame, compassion and forgiveness and reflect on similarities across psychotherapeutic modalities such as gestalt and cognitive behaviour therapy and the way in which EMDR is an integrative model that accommodates these.
The presentation will include PowerPoint and video clips of clinical consultations.
Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP Organised Violence Protocol Interweave Rape Shame Torture
Accuracy Verified: Yes
162. Saverio, L. I. (2008, June). State of consciousness & paradigm: A comparison between two descriptions of the processes of change observed in a psychotherapy integrated with EMDR and some contributions on a unified theory of psychotherapy. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Conference, London, England UK.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
This presentation compares two different descriptions: Paradigm and State of Consciousness, of the changes,
observable in a psychotherapy integrated with EMDR, to establish which of the two descriptions is the most likely
and consistent. Applying the method of the double description it will seek to identify contributions that may be
25
useful for the construction of a Unified Theory of Psychotherapy. At first, attention is focused upon the necessity
to construct a bridge-language between the different dialects of psychotherapies. Short specialized definitions,
such as Paradigm and State of Conscience, could be examples of the complex concepts, here denominated
synthetic �t� metaphors, transtheorical or Tran disciplinal, to be researched for constructing a common language
between the plurality of psychotherapies. Some implications of the methodological innovation carried on by
EMDR in psychology, psychotherapy, and in other disciplines are then analysed and proposed. In particular, the
easy integration of traditional psychotherapeutic methodologies with EMDR and the discovery of new target of
psychotherapy, have led to looking at all psychological activities in terms of a spatial metaphor. On the basis of
this a general map of the psychological territories of �sapiens sapiens� has been drafted. This general map is
divided in two main areas: A -the psychological territories of the individual, B -the psychological territories of the
species, This species map has some specific characteristics; since �sapiens sapiens� are social animals, their
relations have clear functions of social and environmental group interface too. These maps will be illustrated. In
its original meaning, the definition of Paradigm will be found within the maps and consequently analysed in its
variations. The amplified theory of State of Conscience will be presented and analysis, similar to the previous
one, will be carried out. A description of EMDR, that may be useful for implementing its understanding, will be
proposed at the end.
The title link is to an Introduction in Italian.
Keywords: Poster Unified Theory of Psychotherapy
Accuracy Verified: Yes
163. Abbott, G. (2013, May). Tactical integration in the conference room: A Safer, more efficient path to healing structural dissociation of the personality with EMDR. Presentation at the Western Massachusetts EMDRIA Regional Network 9th Annual Spring Conference, Amherst MA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
EMDR This
advanced workshop covers six hindrances to using
EMDR with dissociative disorders and an integrated set
of solutions. Hindrances include: sudden loss of ability
to defend against dissociated memories during processing
and a tendency to over-access with insufficient
skill to express affect, etc. Safe resolutions lie in
the integration of a tactical integrationist approach to
the introduction of EMDR, plus concepts from the
structural theory of dissociation of the personality and
the clinical tool of the conference room. The workshop
will include lecture, case vignettes, sculpted role plays
with participants, and discussion.
Keywords: Conference Room Dissociation Structural Dissociation
Accuracy Verified: Yes
164. Lipke, H. (1995, June). Theoretical understanding of EMDR: Examples from treatment of veterans. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
The rapidity and thoroughness of EMDR therapeutic effectiveness, compared to more traditional methods of psychotherapy, calls for
a general reconceptualization of the field. As EMDR and, perhaps, other new methods continue to demonstrate what Francine
Shapiro has referred to as "accelerated information processing" these new therapeutic effects will undoubtedly become better
understood. In an initial effort to systematically integrate EMDR with other methods of treatment, the following four categories of
psychotherapeutic activity are proposed: 1. Accessing of present associative networks - the bringing forward of information (distressing, dysfunctional,
comforting, adaptive, etc.) already stored in both procedural and non-procedural systems.
2. Introduction of new information - the teaching of facts and skills, which form new or add to old associative networks.
3. Inhibition of information accessing - the tuming of attention away from dysfunctional information, with the goal of
decreasing arousal, such as with relaxation training.
4. Facilitation of the processing of information - abstract activity that makes it more likely information networks will
connect in an adaptive way, leading to the dissipation of unwarranted negative emotion and the attainment of adaptive
understanding.
Methods of psychotherapy may be distinguished by the ways in which they use or don't use activities in each of these categories.
EMDR like other methods can be so distinguished. While the proposed categorization system can be used to clarify the differences
and similarities among the various methods of psychotherapy, more relevantly to clinical practice, this conceptualization may
promote more efficient intervention choices when progress during therapy sessions has slowed or stopped. Examples of the
theoretical and clinical value of the proposed model are offered, especially in the treatment of combat related psychological trauma.
Keywords: Veterans
Accuracy Verified: Yes
165. Sivan, A. (2008, June). Therapists’ views on the use of EMDR: The case of Hong Kong. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Since the introduction of EMDR training courses in Hong Kong a few years ago, the method has been gaining an
enormously growing interest among professionals. One of the indications to the growing interest in EMDR is the
high rate of participation in the training courses. While there is a volume of studies on the efficacy of EMDR
among different populations, therapists’ viewpoints on its use has not been studied extensively. The purpose of
the paper is to examine the views of therapists who have undergone EMDR training in Hong Kong and have used
the method in their practice. Data were collected through an open-ended questionnaire and follow-up in depth
interviews with a group of therapists. The questionnaire sought information about their initial experience of
using EMDR, the types of patients they used it with, the contribution of the method to the therapy and the
difficulties they encountered. Follow-up interviews aimed to shed more light on issues raised by the respondents
and to provide a platform for their further elaboration. Participants’ responses indicated the positive effects
EMDR use on clients and its facilitation of the therapy process. The respondents indicated difficulties in following
the exact EDMR protocol especially in relation to the terminology such as: “completely false”, “completely true”,
“emotions” and “sensation”. Additional issues raised around the use of the scales and of different bilateral
stimulations. On the basis of these finding special consideration should be given to the adaptation of the EMDR
protocol to the Chinese language and way of thinking.
Keywords: Hong Kong
Accuracy Verified: Yes
166. Zampieri, A. J., & Filho, J. M. (2012, Novembro). Tratamento de disfunção erétil com EMDR: Estudo comparativo [Treatment of erectile dysfunction with EMDR: A comparative study]. In comunicações de pesquisa. Apresentação no II Congresso Brasileiro de EMDR, Brasília, Brasil.
Language: Portuguese
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Introdução: A prevalência da disfunção sexual masculina em suas várias formas atinge a faixa de quase 90% em alguma fase da vida. Dentre elas, a Disfunção Erétil afeta aspectos primordiais do homem e pode ter sua origem em causas psicológicas, físicas ou mistas. Notam-se investimentos científicos para uma melhor compreensão e tratamento desses transtornos, nem sempre bem sucedidos. Objetivou-se no presente projeto comparar casos diagnosticados e encaminhados por médico urologista, em tratamento de disfunção erétil, sendo um grupo tratado com o método do EMDR, e outro tratado exclusivamente pelo médico. Os pacientes serão submetidos a uma entrevista estruturada e testes antes e após o tratamento. Método: Estudo comparativo de dois grupos com diagnóstico médico de disfunção erétil, submetidos ao tratamento médico. O grupo estudo será tratado com EMDR e o controle, apenas pelo médico. Antes e ao final do tratamento responderão a inventários de Beck para Ansiedade, depressão e desesperança além de um questionário mais específico sobre sua disfunção sexual, o Índice Internacional de Função Erétil (IIFE). Resultados: Projeto em andamento.
Introduction: The prevalence of male sexual dysfunction in its various forms reaches the age of almost 90% in some stage of life. Among them, Erectile Dysfunction affects key aspects of the man and may have its origin in causes psychological, physical or mixed. Note the scientific investments to better understanding and treatment of these disorders, not always successful. The objective of this project is to compare cases diagnosed and referred by the urologist in treating erectile dysfunction, one group treated with EMDR method and handled exclusively by another doctor. Patients will undergo a structured interview and tests before and after treatment. Methods: A comparative study of two groups with a medical diagnosis of erectile dysfunction, undergoing medical treatment. The study group will be treated with EMDR and control, just by the doctor. Before and after the treatment of inventories to respond to Beck Anxiety, depression and hopelessness as well as a more specific questionnaire about their sexual dysfunction, International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). Results: Project in progress.
Keywords: Beck Depression Inventory Comparative Study Erectile Dysfunction
Accuracy Verified: Yes
167. Gimenez, A., Bonet, M. D., Gonzalez, L., & Santos, L. (2011, Julio). Tratamiento preventivo con EMDR del trastorno por estres postraumatico y el duelo patologico: caso clinico [Preventive treatment with EMDR of posttraumatic stress disorder and pathological grief: Case report]. En Casos clínicos: varios. Simposio realizado en el IX Congreso Nacional de Psicología Clínica, San Sebastián, España.
Language: Spanish
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Introducción:
La desensibilización y reprocesamiento por movimientos oculares (EMDR) es un
abordaje psicoterapéutico que acelera el tratamiento de diversas patologías fóbicas y
traumáticas, especialmente del Trastorno por estrés postraumático (TEPT). En el abordaje
de duelos traumáticos , derivados de una situación excepcionalmente impactante para el
paciente, puede prevenir el desarrollo de un TEPT grave. Se pretende realizar una investigación sobre cómo una intervención temprana y
breve con EMDR en un caso de síndrome por estrés agudo reactivo a duelo puede paliar
los síntomas característicos del TEPT y complicaciones psicológicas del duelo. Permitiendo
la elaboración temprana de la situación traumática para que no devenga patológica en el
futuro.
Material y métodos
Paciente de 50 años diagnosticada de estrés agudo reactivo a duelo que acude a
consulta de salud mental por muerte brusca de su pareja en una situación violenta y muy
traumática.
Método: 2 sesiones de EMDR en dos semanas (sesiones de 90 minutos).
Instrumentos: Escala de gravedad del TEPT (Echeburúa), Escala de depresión de
ZUNG y Escala de ansiedad‐estado (STAI).
Resultados:
Se observa mejoría significativa en Escala de gravedad del TEPT, con disminución en
síntomas de reexperimentación, evitación y aumento de la activación. Se aprecia un leve
incremento en síntomas ansioso‐ depresivos más característicos de un proceso de duelo
normal.
Conclusiones:
Con el tratamiento con EMDR podemos reducir los síntomas del TEPT, así como la
prevención de un duelo patológico. Que el paciente sea derivado tempranamente a la
unidad de salud mental, y que se intervenga con esta herramienta, puede ser un recurso
muy valioso, rápido y breve con unos beneficios importantes para su salud.
Introduction:
Desensitization and reprocessing eye movement (EMDR) is a
psychotherapeutic approach that accelerates the treatment of various diseases and phobic
traumatic, especially posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In dealing with traumatic grief, derived from an exceptionally impressive to the patient, can prevent the development of severe PTSD.
It aims to conduct research on how early intervention and
EMDR brief in a case of acute stress syndrome, reactive to grief may alleviate the characteristic symptoms of PTSD and psychological complications of grief. Allowing early development of the trauma accrues not to be pathological in the future.
Material and methods:
50 year old patient diagnosed with acute stress reactive to grief that comes to
mental health consultation sudden death of his partner in a violent situation and very traumatic.
Method: 2 sessions of EMDR in two weeks (90 minute sessions).
Instruments: Scale of severity of PTSD (Echeburúa), Scale for Depression
Zung scale and state anxiety (STAI).
Results: Observed significant improvement in PTSD severity scale, with a decrease in
symptoms of reexperiencing, avoidance and increased arousal. It shows a slight
increase in anxiety-depressive symptoms more characteristic of a grieving process
normal.
Conclusions:
With EMDR therapy can reduce symptoms of PTSD and the
prevention of pathological mourning. That the patient be referred to early
mental health unit, and to intervene with this tool, you can be a resource
very valuable, quick and short with significant benefits to your health.
Keywords: Pathological Grief Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Preventive Treatment PTSD Symposium
Accuracy Verified: Yes
168. Fisher, J. (2012, June). Trauma, body and neurobiology EMDR and sensorimotor psychotherapy in treatment of dissociative disorders [Trauma, neurobiología y el cuerpo: EMDR y la psicoterapia sensoriomotriz en el tratamiento de los trastornos disociativos]. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Although
most
patients
respond
well
to
EMDR
treatment,
those
with
dissociative
disorders
often
become
more
fragmented:
they
experience
flooding
of
memory,
or
they
become
disconnected
and
numb.
Faced
with
the
dissociative
patient
who
cannot
tolerate
emotions,
who
cannot
manage
self-‐destructive
impulses,
differentiate
past
and
present,
or
create
a
Safe
Place—is
there
any
way
that
EMDR
can
be
helpful?
The
answer
is,
“Yes.”
With
an
understanding
of
post-‐traumatic
neurobiology
and
the
Structural
Dissociation
model,
the
responses
of
dissociative
disorder
patients
to
EMDR
become
logical
rather
than
surprising.
If
we
understand
their
purpose
and
meaning,
we
can
better
address
the
responses
that
interfere
with
successful
EMDR
processing.
Then
if
we
use
simple
body-‐centered
interventions
drawn
from
Sensorimotor
Psychotherapy
that
modulate
autonomic
arousal
and
address
the
needs
and
fears
of
each
part
of
the
personality,
EMDR
treatments
can
help
even
our
most
de-‐stabilized
and
dissociative
clients.
This
workshop
will
introduce
a
neurobiological
model
for
understanding
how
and
when
EMDR
treatments
can
be
effective
even
with
dysregulated
and
dissociative
clients
and
offer
an
introduction
to
Sensorimotor
Psychotherapy,
a
body-‐centered
therapy
developed
specifically
to
treat
post-‐traumatic
symptoms.
Participants
will
be
taught
simple,
body-‐centered
interventions
that
can
be
woven
into
both
trauma
processing
and
Resource
Development
protocols.
Using
lecture,
videotape,
session
demonstration
and
actual
practice,
participants
will
have
an
opportunity
to
integrate
these
simple
but
effective
techniques
into
their
EMDR
practice.
Si
bien
la
mayoría
de
los
pacientes
responden
bien
al
tratamiento
con
EMDR,
con
frecuencia
aquellos
que
sufren
trastornos
disociativos
se
vuelven
más
fragmentados:
sienten
una
inundación
de
la
memoria
o
se
vuelven
desconectados
y
“anestesiados”.
Ante
el
paciente
disociativo
que
no
es
capaz
de
tolerar
las
emociones,
que
no
puede
gestionar
los
impulsos
auto-‐destructivos,
distinguir
entre
pasado
y
presente
o
crear
un
Lugar
Seguro,
¿existe
alguna
manera
en
la
cual
puede
resultar
útil
EMDR?
La
respuesta
es,
“Sí.”
Con
una
comprensión
de
la
neurobiología
post
traumática
y
del
modelo
de
disociación
estructural,
las
respuestas
de
los
pacientes
con
trastorno
disociativo
a
EMDR
se
vuelven
lógicas
en
lugar
de
sorprendentes.
Si
entendemos
su
propósito
y
significado,
estaremos
mejor
situados
para
abordar
las
respuestas
que
interfieren
con
el
éxito
del
procesamiento
con
EMDR.
De
ahí,
si
aplicamos
intervenciones
sencillas
centradas
en
el
cuerpo
derivadas
de
la
psicoterapia
sensoriomotriz
que
modulan
la
excitación
autonómica
y
abordan
las
necesidades
y
miedos
de
cada
parte
de
la
personalidad,
los
tratamientos
con
EMDR
pueden
ayudar
a
nuestros
clientes,
incluso
a
los
más
desestabilizados
y
disociativos.
Este
taller
introducirá
un
modelo
neurobiológico
para
comprender
el
cómo
y
cuándo
los
tratamientos
basados
en
EMDR
pueden
resultar
efectivos
aún
en
los
clientes
desregulados
y
disociativos
y
ofrece
una
introducción
a
la
psicoterapia
sensoriomotriz,
una
terapia
que
se
centra
en
el
cuerpo
desarrollada
específicamente
para
tratar
los
síntomas
post-‐traumáticos.
Se
les
enseñará
a
los
participantes
intervenciones
sencillas
y
centradas
en
el
cuerpo
que
pueden
entretejerse
en
los
protocolos
tanto
de
procesamiento
del
trauma
como
de
desarrollo
de
recursos.
Mediante
la
conferencia,
vídeos,
demostraciones
de
sesiones
y
prácticas
reales,
los
participantes
tendrán
la
oportunidad
de
integrar
estas
técnicas
sencillas
a
la
vez
que
efectivas
en
su
ejercicio
de
EMDR.
Keywords: Dissociative Disorder Neurobiology
Accuracy Verified: Yes
169. Zampieri, A. J., Zampieri, M. J., & Godoy, M. F. (2012, Novembro). Trauma: Estudo comparativo de sessão única entre psicoterapia da fala e EMDR [Trauma: A comparative study between single-session psychotherapy and EMDR speech]. In comunicações de pesquisa. Apresentação no II Congresso Brasileiro de EMDR, Brasília, Brasil.
Language: Portuguese
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Introdução: Flashback, sono e autoestima perturbados, reatividade e agressividade, são efeitos de traumas. Prejudicam a vida pessoal e social. Dilatam a demanda em psicoterapia desafiando a rede publica de saúde. Novas saídas fazem-se urgentes, que antecipem e melhorem efeitos curativos. Desde 87 na Califórnia, Francine Shapiro criou a Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, ou simplesmente Psicoterapia por Reprocessamento de Informações, inspirada nos movimentos oculares típicos do sono REM. Método: Estudo comparativo entre efeitos de psicoterapia com ou sem recursos do EMDR, aplicando as escalas Beck para ansiedade, depressão e desesperança, e uma escala de impacto de eventos, antes e após uma sessão. Aos sujeitos do grupo experimental foi aplicado o protocolo padrão de EMDR e para os do grupo controle, o método da psicoterapia da fala. Resultados: A análise estatística demonstrou que, embora o estado inicial dos sujeitos de ambos os grupos fosse o mesmo, houve diferença significante nos resultados, na comparação pós-intervenção, para todos os itens pesquisados. O grupo de sujeitos atendidos em psicoterapia por EMDR apresentou pontuação final muito abaixo da inicial para ansiedade (p < 0,0001), depressão (p < 0,0001), desesperança (p = 0,0001) e impacto de eventos (p = 0,0083), em relação àqueles atendidos pela terapia da fala. Conclusão: A psicoterapia com EMDR é adequada para tratamento de situações traumáticas, e apresenta resultados expressivos desde a primeira sessão sobre o impacto do evento e sintomas de ansiedade, depressão, desesperança. Pelos resultados e agilidade deve ser cogitada para grandes demandas tais como na rede pública de saúde.
Introduction: Flashback, disturbed sleep and self-esteem, aggression and reactivity, are effects of trauma. Affect the personal and social life. Dilate demand in psychotherapy defying public health network. New outlets are made urgent that anticipate and improve curative effects. From 87 in California, Francine Shapiro created the Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, or simply Psychotherapy for Reprocessing Information, inspired by the eye movements typical of REM sleep. Methods: Comparative study of effects of psychotherapy with or without features of EMDR, applying Beck scales for anxiety, depression and hopelessness, and a scale of impact of events before and after a session. The subjects in the experimental group was administered the standard protocol for EMDR and the control group, the method of psychotherapy speech. Results: Statistical analysis showed that although the initial state of the subjects in both groups were the same, there was a significant difference in results when comparing post-intervention for all items surveyed. The group of subjects treated with EMDR in psychotherapy presented final score far below the initial anxiety (p <0.0001), depression (p <0.0001), hopelessness (p = 0.0001) and impact of events (p = 0.0083), compared to those treated by speech therapy. Conclusion: Psychotherapy with EMDR is suitable for treatment of traumatic situations, and presents significant results from the first session on the impact of the event and symptoms of anxiety, depression, hopelessness. The results and agility should be considered for large demands such as in public health.
Keywords: Beck Depression Inventory Comparative Study Psychotherapy Speech Single Session Trauma
Accuracy Verified: Yes
170. Schubbe, O. (2006). Traumatherapie mit EMDR: Ein handbuch für die ausbildung [Trauma therapy with EMDR: A manual for the training]. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Language: German
Format: Book
Abstract:
"Traumatherapie mit EMDR" ist ein Trainingsmanual für Psychotherapeuten, die sich für eine Ausbildung in dieser Traumaverarbeitungsmethode interessieren oder sie in ihrer therapeutischen Arbeit bereits anwenden. EMDR steht für Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, deutsch: Desensibilisierung und Neubearbeitung mit Augenbewegungen. Es ist eine Technik therapeutischer Traumaverarbeitung und gleichzeitig eine innere Haltung und fast ein kleines Wunder. Die Methode folgt einer klaren Zielorientierung, um dysfunktionale Lernerfahrungen in funktionale verwandeln zu helfen. Ausgegangen wird davon, dass Menschen ein natürlicher Antrieb zu Wachstum und Integration von Erfahrung innewohnt. Der angeleitete EMDR-Prozess unterstützt die genaue Beobachtung und das differenzierte Erleben bewusstseinsfähiger innerer Prozesse und ein nachvollziehendes Verstehen und Akzeptieren von Zusammenhängen. Oft berichten die Klienten von spontanen inneren Einsichten, die sich mit den traumatischen Erinnerungen verbinden und anschließend zu neuen Gefühlen, Gedanken und Handlungen befähigen.
Nach einer Einführung zur allgemeinen Psychotraumatologie und zum theoretischen Hintergrund werden empirische Erfahrungen m it EMDR berichtet.
Der Schwerpunkt des Buches liegt auf der Erläuterung der praktischen Durchführung von EMDR. Dabei werden therapeutische Schwierigkeiten differenziert aufgegriffen, angemessene Umgangsweisen damit dargestellt, professionelles Affektmanagement und ressourcenorientiertes Arbeiten vorgestellt.
"Trauma Therapy with EMDR is a training manual for psychotherapists who are interested in training in this trauma processing method or apply them in their therapeutic work already. EMDR stands for Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, German: desensitization and revised edition with eye movements. It is a technique of therapeutic trauma processing, while an inner attitude, and almost a small miracle. The method follows a clear goal orientation, to help transform learning experiences into functional dysfunctional. The starting point is the fact that inherent in a natural human impulse to growth and integration of experience. The guided EMDR process supports the close monitoring and the differentiated experience of becoming conscious of inner processes and understand understanding and accepting connections. Often, clients report of spontaneous internal insights that are combined with the traumatic memories and then to new feelings, thoughts and actions qualify.
After a general introduction to psychological trauma and the theoretical background, empirical experience w ith EMDR are reported.
The focus of the book is on explaining the practical application of EMDR. These therapeutic difficulties are addressed differentiated, appropriate ways of dealing presented thus presented professional resource-management and emotional work.
Keywords: Trauma
Accuracy Verified: Yes
171. Zobel, M. (2006). Traumatherapie, eine einführung [Trauma Therapy, An introduction] . Psychiatrie-Verlag, 190 p.
Language: German
Format: Book
Abstract:
Martin Zobel hat als Herausgeber ein Team von zwölf erfahrenen Autorinnen und Autoren versammelt, darunter ausgewiesene Spezialisten auf dem Gebiet der Traumatherapie wie Luise Reddemann und Oliver Schubbe. Auch der kürzlich verstorbene Klaus Grawe ist vertreten.Nach einem kurzen Überblick über die historische Entwicklung der Traumatherapie und über die neurophysiologischen Grundlagen, die zum Verständnis der Traumafolgestörungen notwendig sind, geht es um das konkrete Vorgehen in der therapeutischen Praxis. Der Schwerpunkt liegt bei verhaltenstherapeutischen Zugängen und EMDR, dem Verfahren, das in den letzten Jahren als sowohl Therapeuten als auch Klienten schonendes und hilfreiches Verfahren Verbreitung gefunden hat. In je eigenen Beiträgen werden folgende Themen behandelt Diagnosestellung, Stabilisierung, verhaltenstherapeutische Interventionen, EMDR, der Umgang mit Dissoziationen, die medikamentöse Behandlung sowie der Umgang mit den Angehörigen.
Martin Zobel has assembled a team as editor of twelve experienced authors, including experienced experts in the field of trauma therapy as Louise Redd and Oliver Schubbe. Even the late Klaus Grawe vertreten. Nach is a brief overview of the historical development of trauma treatment, and the neuro-physiological bases for the understanding of traumatic stress disorders necessary, it is about the actual procedure and in therapeutic practice. The focus is on behavioral approaches and EMDR, the method has in recent years, both as therapist and client-friendly and useful technique has spread. Each in their own contributions Topics include diagnosis, stabilization, behavioral interventions, EMDR, the treatment of dissociation, the medical treatment and dealing with the relatives.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
172. Rijkes, A. (2012, June). Treating headaches / migraines with IEMDR - Integrated EMDR [Tratamiento de dolores de cabeza/migrañas con IEMDR-‐EMDR integrado]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Headaches
are
a
worldwide
problem.
Around
10-‐15%
of
all
human
beings
are
more
or
less
frequently
suffering
from
headaches.
And
women
are
suffering
from
migraine
almost
3
times
more
than
men.
In
the
long
run
the
majority
of
all
medication
doesn’t
provide
a
solution
for
headaches.
Besides
they
all
have
side
effects
which
include
inducing
(!)
headaches.
Headaches
not
only
cause
personal
suffering
they
also
have
big
consequences
for
society.
Due
to
headaches
there
is
an
enormous
loss
of
productivity.
In
2011
the
WHO
asked
attention
to
the
need
for
new
treatments.
Integrated
EMDR
(I-‐EMDR)
is
a
relatively
new
method
for
treating
headaches
and
migraine.
There
is
some
research
and
the
results
are
promising.
After
a
more
theoretical
introduction
in
headaches
you
are
introduced
to
basic
aspects
of
I-‐EMDR.
You
will
get
an
impression
of
the
method,
procedure
and
effectiveness
of
this
treatment.
This
will
be
illustrated
with
some
video
demonstrations.
In
The
Netherlands
employers,
reintegration
doctors
and
occupational
physicians
are
interested
in
this
form
of
treatment
for
headaches
of
their
employees.
I-‐EMDR
has
two
applications;
one
for
the
treatment
of
acute
headache,
and
one
that
focuses
on
preventing
headaches
in
the
future.
You
will
also
get
some
information
of
a
Special
Interest
Group
on
EMDR
and
Headaches.
Las
cefaleas
suponen
un
problema
a
nivel
mundial.
Alrededor
del
10-‐
15%
de
todas
las
personas
sufren
cefaleas
con
mayor
o
menor
frecuencia.
Las
mujeres
sufren
de
migrañas
casi
tres
veces
más
que
los
hombres.
A
largo
plazo,
la
mayoría
de
los
fármacos
dejan
sin
solucionar
el
problema
de
los
dolores
de
cabeza.
Es
más,
tienen
efectos
secundarios
que
incluyen
(!)
cefaleas.
Los
dolores
de
cabeza
no
solo
son
fuente
de
sufrimiento
personal,
sino
que
también
tienen
consecuencias
importantes
para
la
sociedad.
Las
cefaleas
conllevan
una
tremenda
pérdida
de
productividad.
En
el
año
2011,
la
OMS
pidió
que
se
prestara
atención
a
la
necesidad
de
nuevos
tratamientos.
EMDR
integral
(I-‐EMDR)
es
un
método
relativamente
nuevo
para
el
tratamiento
de
cefaleas
y
migrañas.
Hay
investigaciones
en
curso
y
los
resultados
son
prometedores.
Tras
una
introducción
más
teórica
a
las
cefaleas,
se
les
introduce
a
los
participantes
a
los
aspectos
básicos
de
I-‐EMDR.
Se
les
dará
una
impresión
del
método,
procedimiento
y
efectividad
de
este
tratamiento.
Esto
se
verá
ilustrado
con
grabaciones
en
vídeo.
En
los
Países
Bajos,
los
empleadores,
médicos
de
reintegración
y
clínicos
ocupacionales
tienen
interés
en
esta
forma
de
tratamiento
para
los
dolores
de
cabeza
de
sus
empleados.
I-‐EMDR
tiene
dos
aplicaciones.
Una
es
para
el
tratamiento
de
la
cefalea
aguda
y
una
que
se
centra
en
la
prevención
de
las
mismas
en
el
futuro.
También
se
dará
información
acerca
de
un
Grupo
de
interés
especial
en
EMDR
y
cefaleas.
Accuracy Verified: Yes
173. Honda, M. (2005, February). Treatment of a PTSD victim of attempted murder-robbery by eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): A case report. Japanese Journal of Traumatic Stress, 3(1), 91-106.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Reports both in Japan and in the U.S. indicate that Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) can be effective for the treatment of PTSD and traumatic memory. This report summarizes the treatment of an attempted murder-robbery victim using EMDR. Although she responded rather poorly to the medications, the patient showed a rapid improvement with the introduction of six 90-minute EMDR sessions, as measured by the Impact of Event Scale - Revised (IES-R) and Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS). Of particular interest was that the intrusion and hyperarousal symptoms disappeared in the early stage of the treatment; in contrast, the avoidance symptoms needed several sessions for management. Given the current controversies surrounding EMDR for the treatment for PTSD, more empirical evidence is needed to establish its efficacy. [Author Abstract]
Keywords: Case Report Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Robbery Survivors
Accuracy Verified: Yes
174. Solomon, R., & Rando, T. A. (2012). Treatment of grief and mourning through EMDR: Conceptual considerations and clinical guidelines. Revue Européenne De Psychologie Appliquée/European Review of Applied Psychology, 62(4), 231-239. doi:10.1016/j.erap.2012.09.002.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Introduction:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is an empirically-supported psychotherapeutic approach for treating trauma, which is also applicable to a wide range of other experientially-based clinical complaints. It is particularly useful in treating grief and mourning.
Literature findings:
EMDR is guided by the Adaptive Information Processing Model (AIP), which conceptualizes the effects of traumatic experiences in terms of dysfunctional memory networks in a physiologically-based information processing system. Numerous empirical studies have demonstrated EMDR's efficacy.
Discussion:
The death of a loved one can be very distressing, with memories and experiences associated with the loss becoming dysfunctionally stored and preventing access to adaptive information, including positive memories of the deceased. EMDR can be utilized to integrate these distressing experiences and facilitate the assimilation and accommodation of the loss and movement through the mourning processes.
Conclusion:
Applying the eight phases of EMDR to grief and mourning can yield potent clinical results in the aftermath of loss.
Keywords: Clinical Guidelines Grief Mourning
Accuracy Verified: Yes
175. Solomon, R. M. (2002). Treatment of violated assumptive worlds with EMDR. In J. Kauffman (Ed.), Loss of the assumptive world: A theory of traumatic loss (pp. 117-126). New York: Brunner-Routledge.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
The author presents a description of the treatment methodology called eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), which facilitates the adaptive integration of traumatic information. EMDR is theoretically based upon the information-processing model called accelerated information processing. This chapter articulates the information-processing model of healing from traumatic loss. In traumatic loss there is an inability to integrate the traumatic information into one's assumptive world. Unprocessed traumatic information may result in intense feelings of vulnerability, helplessness, and low self-worth and efficacy. At the end of this chapter the author introduces the concept of expansion of basic world assumptions as a normative outcome of processing the traumatic situation. Expanded basic world assumptions involve a deeper awareness of vulnerability. [Adapted from Introduction]
Keywords: Bereavement Psychotherapeutic Processes Survivors
Accuracy Verified: Yes
176. Lohr, J. M., & Hogge, A. (2001, January 11). University of Arkansas psychologist says popular therapy for trauma and emotional distress is ‘pseudoscience’. Ascribe Newswire, Health, 5-7.
Language: English
Format: Newspaper
Abstract:
It's called Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), and it first entered the field of clinical psychology in the late 1980s. Since its introduction, more than 25,000 mental health professionals have been trained in the procedure. It has been applied to millions of people worldwide and promoted as a "paradigm shift" in psychological treatment.
Keywords: General Overview University of Arkansas
Accuracy Verified: Yes
177. Salomonsen, L. J., Skovgaard, L., la Cour, S., Nyborg. L., Launsø, L., & Fønnebø, V. (2011, January). Use of complementary and alternative medicine at Norwegian and Danish hospitals. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 11(4), 8 pages. doi:10.1186/1472-6882-11-4.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract:
Background: Several studies have found that a high proportion of the population in western countries use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). However, little is known about whether CAM is offered in hospitals. The aim of this study was to describe to what extent CAM is offered in Norwegian and Danish hospitals and investigate possible changes in Norway since 2001.
Methods: A one-page questionnaire was sent to all included hospitals in both countries. The questionnaire was sent to the person responsible for the clinical activity, typically the medical director. 99 hospitals in the authority (85%) in Norway and 126 in Denmark (97%) responded. Given contact persons were interviewed.
Results: CAM is presently offered in about 50% of Norwegian hospitals and one-third of Danish hospitals. In Norway CAM was offered in 50 hospitals, 40 of which involved acupuncture. 19 hospitals gave other alternative therapies like biofeedback, hypnosis, cupping, ear-acupuncture, herbal medicine, art therapy, homeopathy, reflexology, thought field therapy, gestalt therapy, aromatherapy, tai chi, acupressure, yoga, pilates and other. 9 hospitals offered more than one therapy form. In Denmark 38 hospitals offered acupuncture and one Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Light Therapy. The most commonly reported reason for offering CAM was scientific evidence in Denmark. In Norway it was the interest of a hospital employee, except for acupuncture where the introduction is more often initiated by the leadership and is more based on scientific evidence of effect. All persons (except one) responsible for the alternative treatment had a medical or allied health professional background and their education/training in CAM treatment varied substantially.
Conclusions: The extent of CAM being offered has increased substantially in Norway during the first decade of the 21st century. This might indicate a shift in attitude regarding CAM within the conventional health care system.
Keywords: Alternative Medicine Complementary Medicine Denmark Norway
Accuracy Verified: Yes
178. Keller, M. (2010, July). Using EMDR at each stage of the trauma recovery process. Presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
“Using EMDR at Each Stage of the Trauma Recovery Process”
1) Introduction and overview of general principles of traumatology.
2) The stages of trauma recovery:
a) Safety,
b) Self-regulation capacity,
c) Social connection,
d) Reprocessing traumatic memories,
e) Rebuilding a life worth living.
3) Safety:
a) Calm/safe place-indications and contraindications,
b) EMD,
c) RTEP,
d) Coping with current lack of safety.
4) Self-Regulation:
a) EMDR self-regulation interventions with the whole brain in mind.
5) Social connection:
a) Interventions based on client attachment style,
b) Enhancing memories of positive relationships,
c) Building layers of connection—intimacy, family, community, religious,
6) Reprocessing traumatic memories:
a) Considerations for selecting appropriate memory targets,
b) A continuum of reprocessing approaches-EMD through EMDR,
c) Recent event and more distant past event issues,
d) Cultural considerations.
7) Rebuilding a life worth living:
a) The positive future template,
8) Conclusion.
The presentation will include video examples of interventions at each stage of the trauma recovery process. Audience
questions and interactions will be encouraged.
Keywords: Trauma Recovery Process
Accuracy Verified: Yes
179. Bland, J., & Gresham, L. (1994, July 28-August 3). Visual effects. Post-traumatic stress disorder. Nursing Times, 89(30), 30-32.
Language: English
Format: Magazine
Abstract:
The authors describe their success in using a dispatch rider's vivid images of his accident in Eye Movement Desensitization (EMDR) to help him return to work following a road crash. [Adapted from Introduction] [Pilots]
Keywords: British Case Report Males Middle Age Motor Traffic Accidents Nursing Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Survivors Treatment Effectiveness
Accuracy Verified: Yes
180. Bender, S. S. (2009). When words and pictures fail: An introduction to adaptive information processing. In M. Luber (Ed.), Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) scripted protocols: Basics and special situations, (pp. 49-56). New York: Springer Publishing Co.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract:
As part of my discussion with my patients about their mind and the adaptive information processing (AIP) system, I find that patients are sometimes unable to find responses when asked about a picture representing the worst part of the event or what negative belief remains with them as a result of a life experience. It is my opinion that it is advantageous for the clinician to attempt to get all the pieces to the protocol and I recommend the scripts provides in this chapter as possible ways to do so. Use the scripts either during Phase 1 (history taking) or Phase 2 (preparation). The When Words and Pictures Fail Script is provided, and a case example is use to illustrate how to address unrecalled or missing assessment ingredients. [PsycINFO Database]
Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing System History Taking Life Experience Negative Beliefs Preparation Trauma
Accuracy Verified: Yes
181. van Ommeren, M. (2013, June). WHO guidelines for mental disorders and problems specifically related to stress. Keynote presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Geneva, Switzerland.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
The WHO’s recently completed guideline “Problems and Disorders Specifically Related to Stress” was developed to address the absence of suitable, evidence-based WHO guidelines for managing problems and disorders.
The presentation will include an introduction to the guideline, its rationale and methods. It will discuss the WHO recommendations for CBT, EMDR, stress management and antidepressants for PTSD. The presentation will emphasize challenges and opportunities for EMDR research and practice.
Keywords: Keynote WHO Guidelines
Accuracy Verified: Yes
182. Hase, M. (2009). Wprowadzenie do terapii EMDR [Introduction to EMDR therapy]. Presentation at the European Workshops on Traumatic Stress, Warsaw, Poland.
Language: Polish
Format: Conference
Accuracy Verified: Yes
183. de Roos, C., Veenstra, S., & van Rood, Y. (2005, June). “EMDR in action,” Part 1 - The use of EMDR in the treatment of phantom limb pain and post whiplash complaints. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Brussels, Belgium.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
After an introduction on EMDR and chronic pain, the results of a pilot study
[C. de Roos, MA, Rivierduinen, Leiden; A.C. Veenstra. MA. St. Elisabeth
Hospital Tilburg; Y.R. van Rood, Ph.D., University Medical Centre Leiden) will
be presented. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of EMDR
on chronic phantom limb pain after amputation of a leg. Clinical issues will
be analyzed with videotaped cases of patients. The goal of this presentation
is to increase knowledge and understanding of the use of EMDR in the
treatment for chronic pain.
Keywords: Phantom Limb Post Whiplash
Accuracy Verified: Yes