Francine Shapiro Library ~ EMDR Bibliography

Francine Shapiro Library - EMDR Bibliography Links

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Your Results - you searched for the keyword Early Interventions 782 Results

1. マーフィ重松, 村川治彦 [Shigematsu Mafi, and Murakawa Haruhiko]. (2001年12月). 第4巻トラウマ治療のためのＥＭＤＲ [EMDR treatment for trauma, Volume 3]. 心理療法のための日本語研究所：東京 [Japanese Institute for Psychotherapy: Tokyo].

Language: Japanese

Format: Video

Abstract:
ＥＭＤＲ（眼球運動による脱感作と再処理法）は認知的、行動的、精神力動的、生理学的、相互作用的といった主要な心理療法の様々な要素を含む複雑な治療的アプローチである。これまで眼球運動の刺激の面だけが注目を集めてきたが、ＥＭＤＲには８つの段階の介入法があり、クライアントが比較的落ち着いた状態のままできるだけ短い期間で深く総合的な治療の効果をあげることを目指している。

EMDR (and re-treatment of eye movement desensitization) is a cognitive, behavioral, psychodynamic, physiological, and therapeutic approaches for a complex variety of elements such as the main interactive psychotherapy. The plane had just paid attention to this eye movement stimulation, EMDR has a eight-step interventions, the overall effect of treatment remains deeply as possible in a short period comparatively calm clients It aims to give.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

2. 朱品潔 [Chu Pin-Chieh, & Zhu Pinjie]. (1999). 個人失落與EMDR之介入：個案研究 [EMDR of personal loss and intervention: A Case Study]Educational Psychology and Counseling]. National Taiwan Normal University, Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, Taiwan.

Language: Chinese

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
本研究的目的是探索的眼動脫敏和再處理（EMDR）的干預治療結果與個人的損失。通過深入了解客戶的主觀經驗和在整個治療過程中不斷變化的課程，研究人員打算證明 EMDR的治療 efficaciously幫助客戶克服個人損失的創傷，重拾信心和活力。研究人員採訪了客戶端是誰願意分享他的生活和EMDR的治療經驗，通過一個半結構化的問卷。與客戶的許可，研究人員已經獲得了客戶的臨床記錄。有條不紊地綜合各種數據後，研究人員已開發出的情況下提出的生活經驗和客戶端的EMDR的治療干預的描述。研究者分析了廣義的數據，客戶端的適應性應對整個 EMDR的治療過程，並討論了從精神科醫生和其他輔導員干預的影響。（作者摘要）

The purpose of this study is to explore the treatment outcomes from the intervention of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) with personal loss. Through in-depth understanding of the client’s subjective experiences and changing courses throughout the entire therapeutic process, the researcher intends to prove that EMDR therapy has efficaciously helped the client overcome the trauma from personal loss and regain confidence and vitality. The researcher has interviewed a client who is willing to share his life and EMDR therapy experiences through a semi-structured questionnaire. With the client’s permission, the researcher has obtained the client’s clinical records. After methodically synthesizing the various data, the researcher has developed a case description presenting both the life experience and the intervention of EMDR therapy of the client. The researcher has analyzed the data, generalized the client’s adaptive coping processes throughout EMDR therapy and discussed the effects from the psychiatrist’s and other counselors’ interventions. (Author's abstract)

Keywords: Case Study Dissociation Personal Loss

Accuracy Verified: Yes

3. Qian Ge (2009). 汶川震后心理危机的早期干预:文献综述与评价 [Early mental crisis intervention to post-disaster in Wenchuan Earthquake: Literature review and evaluation]. 兰州学刊 2009年第03期 [Lanzhou Academic Journal, 3].

Language: Chinese

Format: Journal

Abstract:
四）眼动脱敏再加工技术（Eye Movement Desensitizationand Reprocessing，EMDR）EMDR是一种可以在短短数次晤谈之后，便可在不用药物的情形下，有效减轻心理创伤程度及重建希望和信心的治疗方法。其治疗程序包括了八个阶段，具体见表4：表4眼动脱敏再加工技

(Fourthly, EMDR is a treatment which can effectively alleviate the psychological trauma and rebuild hope and confidence after a short period of time for treatment without medication. The treatment procedure includes eight stages, which are shown in details in the table.)

Keywords: Crisis Intervention Literature Review: Wenchuan Earthquake

Accuracy Verified: Yes

4. 小川栄一 , 橋元佑美 , 岩本崇志 , 矢守誉史 , 岸本真希子 , 福本拓治 , 和田健 , 志和資朗 , 佐々木高伸 [Eiichi Ogawa, Hiromi Hashimoto, Takashi Iwamoto, Takafumi Yamori, Makiko Kishimoto, Takuzi Fukumoto, Ken Wada, Shiro Shiwa, and Takanobu Sasaki]. (2009年2月). 眼球運動による脱感作と再処理法(EMDR)を用いた心理的介入の実際(シンポジウム,第31回日本心身医学会中国・四国地方会演題抄録) [Eye movement desentization and reprocessing (EMDR) practice of using psychological interventions (Symposium, Western Regional Meeting Abstracts Abstracts 31th Japanese Society of Psychosomatic Medicine)]. 心身医学：日本誌、49（2）、172 [Japanese Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine, 49(2), 172].

Language: Japanese

Format: Journal

Keywords: Practice Symposium Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

5. Lanius, U. (2005, April). 'Dissociative processes' and EMDR - Staying connected. Presentation at 3rd Annual Conference of the EMDR Association of UK and Ireland, Jordanstown, Northern Ireland .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract: D
issociative processes, common in a wide variety of psychological disorders (e.g., PTSD, Anxiety Disorders, Personality Disorders, Dissociative Disorders, etc.) can interfere with effective EMDR treatment. The information processing system gets overwhelmed and shuts down, thereby barring the integration and resolution of traumatic experience. The workshop presents a model, based on recent developments in neuroscience and the neurobiology of dissociation, that guides therapeutic interventions in general and EMDR treatment in particular. Treatment planning, target selection, the use of both body-oriented (bottom-up processing) versus cognitive and ego-state (top-down processing), and other interventions are discussed. Participants will become familiar with specific interventions designed to minimize dissociative symptoms, as well as techniques that aid clients in becoming reconnected once dissociative processes have occurred. A comprehensive therapeutic approach is described that aids clients with dissociative symptoms to stay connected and thereby enhance the likelihood of efficient information processing during EMDR treatment.

Keywords: Dissociation Dissociative Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

6. Shapiro, F. (2009, August). A 20 year update of EMDR clinical applications: What is the depth and scope of treatment?. Plenary at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Atlanta, GA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In 1989, the seminal randomized controlled study on EMD appeared in the Journal of Traumatic Stress. However, by the time the first trainings began in the US in 1990, the principles now known as the Adaptive Information Processing model were guiding the development of the procedures and protocols, which in 1991, were officially renamed EMDR. All participants in these early trainings and in the years following were introduced to the hypothesis that most pathology emerges from unprocessed memories of earlier life experiences (AKA “small t trauma”) and that targeting and processing these experiences could provide the basis of efficient and effective treatment outcomes. These predictions have been supported in the widespread use of EMDR. Consequently, we have much to learn from examining these treatment effects, starting with the first published report in 1991 of the elimination of a delusional state, through the myriad applications that have been reported to date. This presentation will review a variety of these clinical reports and explore their implications for current and future EMDR practice.

Keywords: Plenary

Accuracy Verified: Yes

7. Paulsen, S. (2012, October). 31 secrets of the embodied self: Hearing baby’s story in EMDR for trauma in implicit memory. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Arlington, VA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR targeting relies on explicit memory images and verbalization of cognitions, but attachment trauma is held in the right hemisphere’s implicit memory. Any therapy purporting to treat attachment trauma must meet four criteria (Fosha) (Objective 1). This workshop draws from ego state therapy, somatic therapy, and the Early Trauma protocol of EMDR (Paulsen, in press, O’Shea & Paulsen, 2007) to provide a range of techniques to meet the Fosha criteria (Objective 2). Efficient resolution of attachment injuries can occur through temporal integration, targeting time periods instead of explicit memory (O’Shea & Paulsen, 2007, Paulsen, 2009 and in press) (Objective 3).Transforming early trauma requires listening to reenactment material, the baby state’s only “voice” to tell the non-verbal story.

Keywords: Embodied Self Implicit Memory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

8. Koshal, A. (2010, June). The 4-fields-technic in the traumatherapy of complex traumatized and drug-addicted people (in methadone-treatment). In Addictions. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Nowadays several international studies demonstrate that the problem of drug-addiction is very often found in combination with complex traumatization in early childhood and youth. (Felitti. 2903; Kufner et al. 2000; Langeland et al. 2006; Schmidt, 2000 etc.) As we all know PTSD and the other trauma symptoms cause a lot of psychophysical dysregulation. So the psychiatrist Khantrian postulated already 1985 the "self-medication hypothesis of addictive disorders". Janina Fisher, Trauma Center Boston, 2000, called this assumed combination of trauma-consequences and drug-addiction, "compensatory strategies aimed at self-regulation" In many years of working with drug-addicted people it became very obvious that a high percentage of this people are using drugs, for example to calm down after being aggressive, may be caused by an argue: or to reduce strong inner tensions; to sleep without nightmares, to alleviate the feeling of helplessness and fear etc. Drugs and alcohol do reduce all the mentioned symptoms for a while. To learn to cope in another, more adaptive way, the addicted people need to learn alternatives strategies for a good functioning self-regulation. After stabilization, the trauma therapy can start, so the patient can reduce some of the sources of psychophysiological dysregulation. Even when the addicted people still get methadone psychotherapy is possible. Practical experience over a long time. started 1990, did show a lot of successful treatments and that methadone does not interfere a traumatherapy. The 4-Fields-Technic is a special method of EMDR that was developed by Jarero et al. 1997 in Mexico after a hurricane disaster. Dorothee Lansch modified the group method into a therapy-setting for single persons. For complex traumatized and drug-addicted people this technic is very helpful. The focus is more easy to keep in mind, - in front of the eyes. In the 4-Fields-Technic the patient focuses on a self-painted picture, that represents the worst part of a trauma experience. The patient keeps his focus on this picture, combined with bilateral stimulation, till he feels the picture should be changed. And so the process is going on till finished. The participant will be able to learn: - about the correlation between complex trauma and drug-addiction - that drug-addicted people who get methadone are able to do trauma therapy -the 4-Fieids-Technic as a method to create resources. Psychotherapy and specially psychotraumatherapy with drug-addicted people who are as well in a methadone-treatment is for many therapists still controversial. This presentation will give you an idea how good it can work, based on various case series.

Keywords: 4-Fields-Technic Complex Trauma Drug Addiciton Methodone Treatment Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

9. Koshal, A. (2012, June). The 4-fields-technique in the trauma therapy of complex traumatized and addicted patients [La técnica de 4-‐Campos en la terapia de trauma complejo y pacientes adictos, incluso en tratamiento de metadona]. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop will employ lecture and demonstration of several case studies. The 4-‐Field-‐Technique is a special method of EMDR that was developed by Jarero et al. 1997 in Mexico. For complex traumatized and drug addicted people this method is very helpful. The risk to trigger other trauma clusters is quite minor, because the patient’s concentration is focused on his specific picture and situation. Several international studies demonstrate that addicted people are very often complex traumatized. (Felitti et al., 2003; Schmidt, 2000 etc.) PTSD and other trauma symptoms cause a lot of psychophysical deregulation. The psychiatrist Khantzian realized 1985, that addicted people suffer a lot from different symptoms and try to reduce the unbearable inner tension in using drugs. So Khantzian postulated the “self-‐medication hypothesis of addictive disorders”. Janina Fisher, Trauma Center Boston, 2000, interpreted the correlation of early traumatization and drug-‐addiction as “compensatory strategies aimed at self-‐ regulation”. 20 years of psychotherapeutic work revealed, a high percentage of addicted patients use drugs to influence their emotional states. Drugs and alcohol do short term reduce the mentioned symptoms. Addicted patients need to learn to cope in another, more adaptive way to get a better functioning self-‐regulation. After stabilization, trauma-‐therapy can start. So the patient can reduce his psycho-‐ physiological deregulation. Even when addicted patients are still in a methadone-‐ treatment trauma-‐therapy is effective. Practical experiences show a lot of successful treatments.

Este taller empleará la presentación y demostración de muchos estudios de caso. La técnica de 4 campos es un método especial de EMDR que fue desarrollado por Jarero et al. 1997 en Méjico. Para gente con traumas complejos y adictos este método resulta ser muy adecuado. El riesgo de disparar grupos de traumas es menor, debido a que la concentración del paciente está centrada en una sola imagen y situación. Muchos estudios demuestran que los adictos son muy a menudo traumatizados de manera compleja. (Felitti et al., 2003; Schmidt, 2000 etc.) El TEPT y otros síntomas del trauma causan muchas desregulaciones psicofisiológicas. El psiquiatra Khantzian se dio cuenta en 1985, que la gente que sufre de adicción sufren también muchos otros síntomas diferentes e intentan reducir su tensión interna a través del uso de sustancias. Por ello Khantzian postuló “ La hipótesis de la automedicación en trastornos adictivos” Janina Fisher, Trauma Center Boston, 2000, interpretó la correlación de la traumatización temprana y la adicción a la drogas como “ Estrategias compensatorias dirigidas a la autorregulación”. 20 años de trabajo psicoterapéutico muestran que un gran porcentaje de pacientes adictos usan drogas para modificar sus estados emocionales. Las drogas y el alcohol reducen a corto plazo los síntomas mencionados. Los pacientes adictos necesitan aprender a afrontar de manera más adaptativa su autorregulación. Después de la estabilización, la terapia del trauma puede empezar. Por ello el paciente puede reducir su desregulación psicofisiológica. Incluso cuando aún están sometidos a un tratamiento de metadona la terapia del trauma es efectiva. Las experiencias en la práctica muestran una gran cantidad de tratamientos exitosos.

Keywords: 4-Fields-Technique Addiction

Accuracy Verified: Yes

10. Opperman-Schmid, F. (2010, June). 5 years of EMDR in a general practioners practise. In Treatment of children/acute stress. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This study describes the use of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in clients suffering from posttraumatic stress symptoms after recent traumatic experience. Between November 2003 and July 2009, 45 clients of a general medicine practise with stress reactions and inability to work after a recent traumatic event were treated with EMDR. The number of active EMDR sessions varied from 1 to 5 sessions. After this short time of active treatment, everyone of these clients was free of symptoms and able to take up work again. After a three months period, those clients were reinvestigated. Up to this time, none of them had suffered from symptoms of distress or accumulation of trauma memories or inability to go to work. The study shows an interesting aspect in EMDR treatment: general practitioners are the first to be consulted by clients with recent trauma. EMDR is shown to be very effective in treatment of stress symptoms after recent trauma. Consequently, an early intervention with EMDR reduces stress symptoms and the period of inability. This is to promote interest and awareness specially among general practitioners with psychotherapy training.

Keywords: Acute Stress Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

11. Dellucci, H. (2010, July). A 6 gear mechanics for a safe journey through complex trauma therapy. Poster presented at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Working with EMDR with people who suffer from complex trauma leads often to difficulties not only about case conceptualization, but also desensitization and reprocessing, with a risk of destabilization or even decompensation. Often many targets, especially those in early childhood can be located in the timeline before verbal abilities and thus stay implicit. Should we then renounce to work with EMDR? Is it possible to use EMDR safely, by adapting to each client, and their somehow chaotic life events without getting lost? The six gear mechanics relies on the metaphor about a car journey through therapy with people who have complex trauma, and provides a structural hierarchy of treatment which allows adaptation, by knowing what is done and why. It tries to integrate what is yet known in EMDR therapy with complex trauma, and provides a dynamic and adaptive tool to navigate through therapy.

Keywords: 6 Gear Mechanics Complex Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

12. O'Shea, M. K. (2003, September). Accessing and repairing preverbal trauma/neglect. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Numerous methods have attempted to repair distress remaining from very early trauma (especially adoption) or neglect, but most have been difficult, cumbersome, even traumatic. The presenter will describe and demonstrate a direct, simple, safe and incredibly effective EMDR extension, which is based on our current scientific knowledge of early brain development. Participants will (1) learn how to be able to adapt the Basic EMDR protocol when treating preverbal experiences with infants, children, adolescents and adults; (2) what language to use when accessing and repairing preverbal experiences: (3) be able to use "imaginative interweaves" to stimulate release of trapped energy and fully learn from the experience; (4) learn to use the 3 R's (Review, Release, Repair) to ensure that reprocessing of preverbal material is complete.

Keywords: Adoption Neglect Preverbal Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

13. Crow, C., & Sause, E. (2007, June). Accessing preverbal trauma for effective adult EMDR. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Recent research (Moberg, 2003, The Oxytocin Factor) indicates the potential of early pre-verbal trauma to set up biochemical and neurological responses which activate certain triggers. Since the touchstone event is pre-verbal, it is difficult to identify, but crucial in the resolution of later traumas resistant to full EMDR processing (Those who remain stuck at a greater than 0 SUDs). The antedotal experience is that this model can activate the material more fully and facilitate more thorough competion of phases 4-8. "Once upon a Time" contains every element of the EMDR Protocol in the prescribed order, Incident, Image, NC, PC, VOC, Emotion, SUD, Body sensation. This experimental model is not a substitute for standard EMDR. It facilitates access tohese preverbal traumas and the resultant cognitions which may have formed around them. It allows for a return to the standard EMDR protocol after this early material has been effectively targeted and reprocessed. "Once Upon a Time" model allows for fuller connection with early material. History is collected through antedotal information from third party informants and family photographs and is used to create a metaphor; this technique can access the multiple modalities of pre-verbal experience previously intellectualized. Phase three begins with a short continuation of Phase 1 using an interview format to review and briefly discuss the various elements of the troubling material. A "sentence completion" format is used to obtain the TICES elements. Those spontaneous answers form the script for a "Once Upon a Time" (Crow, 2004, EMDRIA Montreal, Canada), a deviation from Phase 4 of the standard protocol. Pertinent examples of the application of this model will be discussed and demonstrated with video taped excerpts of actual clients. Video taped client reports of the long term effect of the shifts resulting from the "Once Upon a Time" experience will provide validation that this technique enables retur to the standard EMDR protocol and full processing of previously incompletely processed material. Participants will create their own "Once Upon a Time" script from a video example of client history as an experiential introduction to the intricacies of this model. Evidence indicates that this technique is effective on a "consultant" basis, where the "Once Upon a Time" can be conducted by a separate therapist skilled in the technique, and returned to their regular EMDR therapist to complete this treatment. Currently a study is underway utilizing a pre/post text design (N=10) and statistical analysis of the results to measure the quantitative change within the client.

Keywords: Model Poster Preverbal Trauma Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

14. Barreda-Hanson, C. (2012, Septiember). Adaptación del EMDR y terapia breve centrada en el cliente para cambiar percepciones negativas y traumaticas [EMDR adaption of brief client-centered therapy to change negative and traumatic perceptions]. Presentación en la 70 Conferencia Anual del International Council of Psychologist(ICP), Sevilla, España.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
El estrés subsiguiente después de un traumatismo, representa un trastorno disfuncional – tanto interno como externo – que se manifiesta en alteraciones en el reconocimiento cognitivo y en los comportamientos, llevando además asociados síntomas somáticos, afloramiento de problemas inconscientes y ansiedades. Pues una de las características del estrés post-traumático, es precisamente la pérdida de equilibrio entre el mundo interno y externo de quien lo sufre. Por eso, ante la complejidad de las respuestas post-traumáticas, éstas se pueden catalogar en gran medida dentro de las perturbaciones psicopatológicas. El estrés psicológico surge por una situación estresante “real”, externa, tangible y la reacción ante esta difícil experiencia, evoca un conjunto bastante universal y coherente de síntomas y respuestas que provocan reacciones primitivas relacionadas con temores inconscientes ante las amenazas a la vida, que hacen aflorar incipientemente fantasías e impulsos abrumadores. Los resultados son los pensamientos disfuncionales que conducen a las respuestas y a los comportamientos desadaptativos. Objetivos: el taller está diseñado para proporcionar a estudiantes y profesionales de la Psicología – que trabajan o desean trabajar en esta área del trauma y el cambio de comportamientos -, la habilidad para utilizar eficaz y rápidamente intervenciones breves, que puedan poner en practicar incluso en casa. En el taller se estudiará la forma inicial de evaluar, tanto al trauma como a la clientela. Se trabajará la historia del trauma y se profundizará en sus consecuencias y en cómo diseñar las intervenciones breves para hacerles frente. También se centrará en averiguar qué cambios quieren los y las clientes a través de relatos y visualizaciones, utilizando una adaptación de las terapias EMDR y la Solución Enfocada tanto a crear el cambio deseado, como a mantenerlo. En consecuencia el taller es de particular interés para quienes trabajan con personas que han sufrido cualquier tipo de trauma, o quienes perciben acontecimientos de la vida, experiencias, etc. que les afectan de forma negativa en su día a día. También es útil para las personas que sufren de TOC, sobre todo trastornos del pensamiento. Los aspectos más útiles de las dos técnicas que se han adaptado junto con otras innovaciones de la autora, guardan relación con la creación de un ambiente seguro, no-traumático, que actúa rápidamente y que además, se puede realizar en casa sin peligro de consecuencias negativas. Objetivos específicos: 1. Ser capaz de describir e identificar las manifestaciones del trauma. 2. Aprender y describir dos técnicas terapéuticas breves en el tratamiento del trauma 3. Definir una técnica breve terapéutica que puede ser utilizada para fomentar el cambio 4. Destacar el rol del o de la terapeuta durante el tratamiento de los traumatismos 5. Ser capaz de describir, diseñar y establecer metas de la terapia y promover cambios mediante el uso de técnicas de terapia breve. Métodos: la Desensibilización y Reprocesamiento por Movimientos Oculares (EMDR), es un método complejo e integrador de la psicoterapia individual, mediante el que se guía al cliente utilizando un procedimiento para acceder a sus experiencias y resolver sus problemas conductuales y emocionales. El EMDR utiliza elementos de múltiples orientaciones psicoterapéuticas tanto psicodinámicas, como cognitivo- conductuales, enfoques centrados en el cliente, gestalt y bioenergéticos. La premisa subyacente de EMDR es que las experiencias de pánico y ansiedad se procesan de forma diferente por el cerebro que las experiencias habituales. La teoría subyacente es que durante el estrés, la memoria grava en una parte del cerebro responsable de las emociones de modulación (la amígdala) y se cierra temporalmente otra parte del cerebro (el hipocampo), responsable de procesamiento de la memoria normal. La experiencia traumática queda atrapada en el exterior y potencialmente no forma parte del procesamiento normal del cerebro, y el EMDR permite a la persona acceder a la experiencia y transformarla en memoria declarativa en el hipocampo. Con el método EMDR, el hipocampo se puede abrir a las emociones evocadas por la experiencia para que el/la cliente pueda soportarlas mientras se realiza el tratamiento. La distracción y la atención a la estimulación bilateral, desempeñan un importante papel que ayuda al cliente a experimentar las emociones como tolerables. Aunque cómo la distracción bilateral en concreto, facilita el procesamiento de las experiencias dolorosas, sea algo que todavía no se termina de entender. Por otra parte, las Intervenciones Breves de Terapias enfocadas al Cliente se centran en las excepciones del problema, pensando que a continuación se desarrollará un cambio natural en el comportamiento. Es una especie de visión orientada no en las formas tradicionales, sino hacia el futuro, sin profundizar demasiado en la “patología” sino más bien centrándose en lo que el sistema puede hacer para adaptarse a ella, puesto que ambos pueden decidir si esa “patología” es un problema o no lo es. Las Intervenciones de Terapia Breve enfocadas al Cliente se utilizan para resolver una variedad de problemas de comportamientos y actitudes, mediante el uso de los propios recursos de los y las clientes y las observaciones de las estrategias que utilizan para alcanzar los resultados deseados, en sus situaciones vitales habituales. Se trata de una buena técnica para establecer y mantener un contexto de cambio en el que los pequeños, pero útiles cambios, se anticipan y se buscan. En definitiva, la combinación de ambas técnicas con algunas variaciones desarrolladas por la Dra. Barreda-Hanson, han demostrado ser una herramienta poderosa para mejorar la respuesta al tratamiento en un período de tiempo más corto, teniendo también la ventaja de permitir practicar los ejercicios en casa. Aplicaciones: la aplicación habitual del EMDR ha sido el tratamiento de trastornos emocionales relacionados con eventos muy perturbadores o traumáticos. Pero también se usa para trabajar síntomas preocupantes como la ansiedad, la depresión, la culpa y la ira. E igualmente, se puede utilizar para mejorar recursos emocionales tales como la confianza y la autoestima. Procedimientos: - El taller se impartirá en español y el alumnado recibirá amplios folletos complementarios. - Se realizará en una única jornada, en sesión de mañana para teoría y de tarde para prácticas, trabajando cada modelo por separado. - Se espera que quienes asistan lleven una cuestión-problema sobre la que trabajar utilizando las diversas técnicas, pues aunque se utilizarán múltiples ej. de casos reales, se alentará a quienes participen a traer sus propias experiencias e ideas para debatir y trabajar sobre ellas.

The subsequent stress after trauma represents a dysfunctional disorder - internal and external - that is manifested in alterations in cognitive recognition and behavior, besides being associated somatic symptoms outcrop unconscious problems and anxieties. As one of the characteristics of post-traumatic stress, is the loss of balance between internal and external world of the sufferer. Therefore, given the complexity of post-traumatic responses, they can be categorized largely into psychopathological disturbances. Psychological stress arises from a stressful situation "real" external, tangible and reaction to this difficult experience, quite evokes a universal and consistent set of symptoms that cause reactions and responses primitive unconscious fears related to threats to life, which bring out fantasies and impulses incipiently overwhelming. The results are the thoughts that lead to dysfunctional responses and maladaptive behaviors. Objectives: The workshop is designed to provide students and psychology professionals - who work or want to work in this area of trauma and behavior change - the ability to quickly and efficiently use brief interventions, which may put in practice even in house. The workshop will explore how to evaluate initial both trauma as to clients. It will work history of trauma and its consequences will deepen and how design brief interventions to address them. It will also focus on finding out what changes customers want and through stories and views, using an adaptation of EMDR therapy and Solution Focused both to create the desired change, and to keep it. Thus the workshop is of particular interest to those working with people who have suffered any kind of trauma, or who perceive life events, experiences, etc.. that negatively affect them in their day to day. Also useful for persons suffering from OCD, especially disorders of thought. The most useful of the two techniques that have adapted along with other innovations of the author, are related to the creation of a safe, non-traumatic, acting quickly and also can be done at home without fear of consequences negative. Specific objectives: 1. Be able to describe and identify the manifestations of trauma. 2. Learn and describe two brief therapeutic techniques in the treatment of trauma 3. Define a short therapeutic technique that can be used to promote change 4. Outline the role of the therapist or during treatment of injuries 5. Be able to describe, design and establish goals of therapy and promote change through the use of brief therapy techniques. Methods: Desensitization and Reprocessing Eye Movement (EMDR), is a complex and inclusive method of individual psychotherapy, which is guided by the client using a procedure to access their experiences and address their behavioral and emotional problems. The EMDR uses multiple elements of both psychodynamic psychotherapeutic approaches as cognitive-behavioral, client-centered approaches, gestalt and bioenergy. The underlying premise of EMDR is that experiences panic and anxiety are processed differently by the brain than normal experiences. The underlying theory is that during stress, gravel memory part of the brain responsible for emotions modulation (amygdala) and temporarily closes another part of the brain (hippocampus), responsible for normal memory processing. The trapped traumatic experience abroad and potentially not part of the normal brain processing, and EMDR allows people access to the experience and transform it into declarative memory in the hippocampus. With EMDR, the hippocampus can be opened to the emotions evoked by the experience that he / the client is able to bear while performing the treatment. Distraction and attention to bilateral stimulation, play an important role to help the client to experience emotions as tolerable. Although bilateral distraction how specifically facilitates the processing of painful experiences, is something that is not yet fully understood. Moreover, brief interventions focused Customer Therapies focus on the exceptions of the problem, thinking that then will develop a natural change in behavior. It is a kind of non-oriented view on traditional forms, but to the future, without going too deeply into the "pathology" but rather focus on what the system can do to adapt to it, since both can decide whether this "pathology "is a problem or not. Brief therapy interventions focused Customer are used to solve a variety of problem behaviors and attitudes, using their own resources and comments from customers and the strategies used to achieve the desired results in their situations normal life. This is a good technique to establish and maintain a context of change in that small but useful changes, anticipate and seek. In short, the combination of both techniques with some variations developed by Dr. Barreda Hanson, have proved a powerful tool for improving the response to therapy in a shorter period of time, having also the advantage of allowing in practice exercises house. Applications: the routine application of EMDR has been the treatment of emotional disorders associated with very disturbing or traumatic events. But also used to work worrying symptoms such as anxiety, depression, guilt and anger. And also, can be used to enhance emotional resources such as confidence and self-esteem. Procedures: - The workshop will be taught in Spanish and students will receive extensive additional brochures. - Will be held in a single day, in morning session and afternoon theory to practice, working each model separately. - Who are expected to attend with a question-problem on which to work using various techniques, for example, although multiple use. real cases, those involved are encouraged to bring their own experiences and ideas to discuss and work on them.

Keywords: Brief Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

15. Wesselmann, D. (2009, August). Adapting EMDR for children with reactive attachment disorder behaviors. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Atlanta, GA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The EMDR approach is extremely helpful for treating problems in children exhibiting behaviors associated with Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD). However, children with early pathological care frequently suffer from severe emotion dysregulation. They lack adaptive information or insights, and they feel alienated from others. All of these problems lower the child’s ability to cope, and they become easily overwhelmed and shut down during EMDR. This presentation will help the clinician adapt the standard EMDR protocol for this difficult population through creative methods to overcome resistance, help the child stay regulated, and assist reprocessing, leading to improved behaviors, coping, and relationships.

Keywords: Children RAD Reactive Attachment Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

16. Wesselmann, D. (2010, June). Adapting EMDR for children with reactive attachment disorder behaviours. Preconference presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The EMDR approach is extremely helpful for treating problems in children exhibiting behaviours associated with Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD). However, children with early pathological care frequently suffer from severe emotion dysregulation. They lack adaptive information or insights, and they feel alienated from others. All of these problems lower the child's ability to cope, and they become easily overwhelmed and shut down during EMDR. This presentation will help the clinician adapt the standard EMDR protocol for this difficult population through creative methods to overcome resistance, provide a secure holding environment, and assist reprocessing, leading to improved behaviours, coping, and relationships.

Keywords: Children RAD Reactive Attachment Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

17. Miller, R., & Tay, K. H. (2009, August). Adapting the standard EMDR protocol for clients with mild mental retardation: Some guidelines and implications. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Atlanta, GA .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR as a psychotherapeutic approach has been shown to be effective. However, there is a paucity of studies examining the efficacy of EMDR for clients diagnosed with mild mental retardation. The DSM-IV defines mild mental retardation as below average intelligence (IQ between 70 and 55) along with some deficiencies in adaptive functioning skills demonstrated before age 18. The purpose of our clinical project was to explore the applicability of EMDR for our adult clients (n = 12; mean age 22.5) diagnosed with mild mental retardation by adapting the standard protocol. Studies showed that individuals with mental retardation learn and retain information more effectively when materials are presented to them in a visual, concrete, and interactive manner while utilizing the principles of positive reinforcements.
The prevalence of mental health problems and the wide range of clinical symptoms among these individuals have been reported in several studies. Additionally, these adults are misunderstood as being overly limited in their ability to reap any therapeutic benefit from counseling interventions. Prout and Strohmer (1998), for instance, argued that adults with mental retardation do benefit from counseling interventions. However, they stressed the need for more sophisticated or modified use of psychotherapeutic interventions. Psychotherapeutic techniques and models should be modified, if feasible, in regards to language and cognitive levels commensurate with the clients’ background.
Based on our clinical observations, the following are some examples of proposed guidelines to assist the EMDR clinicians in thinking more creatively when adapting the standard protocol.
1) Considerable amount of preparation at the onset of EMDR is necessary, as it plays a pivotal role in ensuring a successful outcome.
2) Visual depiction of the SUDs and VOCs on a scale of 0 through 5, or 0 through 10, depending on the client’s cognitive abilities is beneficial. Use of “faces” to depict concretely various levels of distress should be made.
3) The concepts of PC and NC may be too abstract for some in this population. We assist clients by operationally defining those concepts with the list of commonly used PCs and NCs in simpler language.
4) Coping resources are sometimes limited for these adults. Clients will benefit from having multiple reinforcements of self-soothing skills thorough the installation of the “safe place” and “resources”.
5) Positive reinforcements (e.g., frequent verbal reminders) should be used regularly in sessions throughout treatment. However, be mindful of clients’ desire to please the clinician.
6) Role-playing should be used when feasible throughout treatment, e.g., during the installation of future templates, as it heightens more sensory, affective, and behavioral modes of learning rather than verbal modality alone.
Based on the treatment outcomes reported by our clients, EMDR is an effective treatment option, as evidenced by sustained reduction in their level of distress to traumatic memories. Findings from this clinical project have practice and research implications. First, the standard protocol should be adapted for use with adults with mild mental retardation to achieve optimal gain. Second, empirical research is needed to provide further evidence for the efficacy of EMDR for adults with mild mental retardation.

Keywords: Mental Retardation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

18. Wheeler, M. S. (1997, December). Adlerian interventions and applications: The creating context technique. Journal of Individual Psychology, 53(4), 396-406.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Therapists who are trained in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) (Shapiro, 1995) may try using the Creating Context Technique when a client is not stable enough for EMDR or when a client is unwilling to try EMDR. An example will be presented to demonstrate the use of the technique with a typical problem.

Keywords: Adlerian Psychotherapy Adlerian Psychotherapy Connexions Focusing Technique Psychotherapeutic Techniques

Accuracy Verified: Yes

19. Molero-Zafra, M., & Perez-Marin, M. (2011, Julio). Adopcion: Un protocolo basado en EMDR, terapia familiar narrativa y la teoria del apego [Adoption: A protocol based on EMDR, family therapy, narrative and attachment theory]. En Aplicación de EMDR en el tratamiento de distintos trastornos (Francisca García Guerrero, Coordinadora). Simposio realizado en el IX Congreso Nacional de Psicología Clínica, San Sebastián, España .

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
La adopción es un tema actual, cuyo interés crece progresivamente. Su vigencia social resulta incuestionable si atendemos al incremento exponencial de niños adoptados por familias españolas, especialmente en adopciones internacionales. La Ley de Adopción vigente en España contempla la adopción como un recurso de protección para aquellos niños/as que no puedan permanecer en su propia familia. Para que se cumpla este objetivo deben arbitrarse todos los mecanismos necesarios que garanticen al niño una familia capaz de asegurar las atenciones propias de la función parental (atención, desarrollo y educación). Los niños adoptados pueden sufrir trastornos como cualquier otro niño, ahora bien, sus experiencias de vida anteriores pueden afectar en mayor grado su desarrollo emocional, social y familiar. Las experiencias vinculares durante la infancia, influyen significativamente en la capacidad para formar relaciones íntimas y emocionalmente saludables. Asimismo, para la formación y cambio de actitudes a lo largo de nuestra vida, van a ser fundamentales nuestros grupo de referencia, siendo la familia uno de los más importantes (López et al., 1999). La empatía, el afecto, el deseo de compartir, el inhibirse de agredir, la capacidad de amar y ser amado y un sinnúmero de características de una persona asertiva, operativa y feliz, están asociadas a las capacidades medulares de apego formadas en la infancia y niñez temprana (Punset, 2008). El objetivo de esta comunicación es presentar un protocolo de abordaje psicológico ante las dificultades que afectan a las familias con problemas de adaptación en casos de adopción. Partiendo de la perspectiva conceptual de la teoría del apego, intentamos promover en estas familias una base de apego seguro, mediante el uso de herramientas terapéuticas de la terapia familiar narrativa y el EMDR. Se presenta el protocolo elaborado para tal fin y un caso para la comprensión de la aplicación del tratamiento.

Adoption is a current issue, whose interest grows gradually. Its validity social is unquestionable if we consider the exponential increase of adopted children Spanish families, especially in international adoptions. The Adoption Act force in Spain provides for the adoption as a source of protection for those children / as not to remain in their own family. To fulfill this objective must be put all the necessary mechanisms to guarantee the child a family able to secure the attentions of parenting (care, development and education). Adopted children may suffer from disorders like any other child, however, previous life experiences can affect their development to a greater extent emotional, social and family life. Relational experiences during childhood influence significantly in the ability to form intimate and emotionally healthy. Also, for the formation and change of attitudes throughout our lives, will be essential to our reference group, the family being one of the most important (Lopez et al., 1999). Empathy, affection, desire to share, the inhibited of attack, the ability to love and be loved and a host of features of a assertive person, operational and happy, are associated with the core competencies of attachment formed in infancy and early childhood (Punset, 2008). The aim of this paper is to present a protocol of psychological approach to the difficulties affecting families with adjustment problems in cases of adoption. From the conceptual perspective of attachment theory, we try in these families to promote a secure attachment base through the use of tools therapeutic narrative family therapy and EMDR. We present a protocol developed for this purpose and a case for understanding the application of the treatment.

Keywords: Adoption Attachment theory Family Therapy Narrative Theory Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

20. Broad, R. D. & Wheeler, K. (2006, May). An adult with childhood medical trauma treated with psychoanalytic psychotherapy and EMDR: A case study. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 42(2), 95-105. doi:10.1111/j.1744-6163.2006.00058.x.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Problem: Adverse childhood experiences have been found to be a strong predictor of emotional and physical problems in adulthood. However, the long-term sequelae for children who have suffered critical illness and exposure to invasive medical procedures are less well documented. Methods: This is a case study of an adult client who sought treatment for depression and attention deficit disorder. The psychotherapy treatment is discussed and the use of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is described targeting a memory of a medical trauma resulting from a tonsillectomy when the client was 8 years old. Conclusions: Significant healing outcomes were attained as a result of the therapy, i.e., decreased depression, less hypervigilance, and increased ability to concentrate, which resulted in the discontinuation of medication for depression and ADHD as well as significant improvement in overall functioning.

Keywords: Childhood Medical Trauma Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy Adverse Childhood Experiences Depression Attention Deficit Disorder Early Experience Major Depression PTSD Psychoanalysis Childhood Development Clinical Case Study Empirical Study

Accuracy Verified: Yes

21. Vogelmann-Sine, S., Popky, A. J., Lazrove, S., Sine, L., Speare, J., Wade, D., & Wade, T. (1995, June). Advanced clinical applications of EMDR to addictive behaviors. Symposium conducted at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop addresses the application of standard and modified EMDR treatment protocols to addictive and compulsive behaviors including substance abuse/dependence, overeating, smoking, love addiction. Individuals with addictive and compulsive behaviors frequently have suffered from childhood trauma and neglect resulting in developmental arrests, as well as a variety of maladaptive behaviors which are trauma-related and serve to minimize pain. The successful implementation of EMDR to addictive behaviors requires that EMDR be used as part of an overall treatment program carefully addressing the needs of individuals who have been traumatized and are exhibiting addictive behaviors. A thorough diagnostic work up is needed aimed at assessing comorbidity, dissociation, and a detailed trauma history covering childhood traumas and traumas suffered as adults including traumas that occur as a consequence of addictive behaviors. Careful client preparation is essential to assist individuals in coping adequately with the high levels of emotion experienced during EMDR Clients' readiness to stop compulsive/addictive behaviors needs to be carefully evaluated. A decision tree aimed at determining the appropriateness of EMDR to individuals diagnosed with addictive behaviors is presented which assists clinicians in minimizing the premature use of EMDR. EMDR is a client centered method, and thus, careful pacing is needed with this population to reprocess underlying traumatic issues. This frequently implies utilizing a modified EMDR treatment protocol with only partial resolutions of underlying traumatic material. Guidelines will be discussed to assist clinicians in selecting EMDR targets for optional results which relate to the stages of recovery. EMDR can be used at all stages of recovery to neutralize the negative impact of memories contributing to problematic behaviors, such as urges to use, ambivalence about treatment, fear of facing painfull feelings from the past. EMDR also has the power to install templates for future actions which assist individuals with skill deficits in more rapidly acquiring necessary skills for a successful recovery. Examples of cognitive interweaves are presented which take into consideration clients' readiness, as well as the need to accelerate the recovery process. EMDR has a unique role in the recovery of traumatized individuals with addictive and compulsive behaviors since the accelerated processing of negative experiences and the installation of positive adaptive cognitions assist clients in more rapidly overcoming barriers throughout the recovery process. It also challenges rigid approaches to recovery which frequently stress that trauma work should not be attempted before abstinence has been accomplished for a specified period of time. EMDR is especially valuable in processing core issues which center around shame and manifest in cognitions, such as "I am defective," "There is something wrong with me," "I am not good enough," "I am not quite right," "I don't belong," "I don't deserve to live." Case examples will be given as to how such core issues can be targeted to accelerate the recovery process. A.J. Popky has developed a specialized EMDR treatment protocol which targets levels of urges of addictive/compulsive behaviors directly and installs a positive internal state of feeling empowered without relying on compulsive and addictive behaviors. Case examples fiom clinical practice indicate that when levels of urges are targeted directly, underlying traumas frequently emerge without increasing clients' usage. The symposium addresses the application of this protocol to a range of addictive and compulsive behaviors. The Wades' integrative psychotherapy combines ego-state therapy and EMDR in a psychosocial developmental context. Their substance use disorders treatment program incorporates specialized applications of their integrative psychotherapy, which includes both individual and group therapy and employs hypnosis as well as EMDR Their presentation focuses on applications of the standard EMDR protocol in individual therapy, which is limited primarily to desensitization of dysphoric affect and reprocessing negative cognitions associated with grief and trauma. Their conceptual framework of substance use disorders proceeds from a goal of reducing the harm caused by substance use and a primary distinction between functional and autonomous use (rather than the DSM conceptualizations of "dependence" or "abuse") because this guides interventions. Initial treatment planning depends upon external constraints (e.g., lack of support for positive change, hostile environment), internal limitations (e.g., severity of substance use and its effects, neurocognitive deficits, inadequate "ego strength," lack of skills, disrupted psychosocial development, psychological trauma) and the nature of the substance use disorder (i.e., functional, autonomous, or both). Methods include education about substance use disorders and processes of change, group therapy to develop skills and obtain feedback and support, individual therapy to correct disrupted development and resolve traumatic stress reactions, and exercises to apply what is learned in real-life situations. The standard EMDR protocol is applied to disrupted development involving grief and to resolve psychological trauma that lead to substance use. Case vignettes in which such applications of the standard EMDR protocol were employed are presented in detail.

Keywords: Addictions Substance Abuse Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

22. Forgash, F., & Litt, B. (2008, September). Advanced techniques in the EMDR-based treatment of complex trauma. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Phoenix, AZ.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR is an important therapy in the treatment of complex PTSD, including dissociative disorders and certain personality disorders. This presentation will provide solutions to problems within the 8 phases of EMDR. Objectives include managing triggers and dealing with reactions such as avoidance, freeze, and hyperarousal. Techniques include ego state work and somatic interweaves. Therapists will learn readiness criteria for trauma processing (phase 4-7) and how to avoid premature interventions. In phase 4, therapists will learn about the zone of optimal arousal and a sequence of techniques to maintain client stability and to identify when and why a patient has stopped processing.

Keywords: Complex Trauma Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

23. Blore, D. C. (2005). Affect and traumatised traincrew: Using an integrated CBT/EMDR approach to facilitate an early return to work. Integrating Affect into the Practice of CBT with EMDR. Symposium conducted at the XXXVth EABCT Conference, Thessalonica, Greece.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: CBT Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Symposium Trainmen

Accuracy Verified: Yes

24. Leeds, A. (2012, June). Affect phobias in EMDR therapy - developing affect tolerance capacities in client and clinician [Fobias afectivas en la terapia con EMDR -‐ El desarrollo de habilidades para la tolerancia afectiva en el cliente y el clínico]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Affect phobias may also be described as psychodynamic or dissociative defenses or as ego state conflicts. When patients present with affect phobias and fail to progress with standard EMDR procedural interventions, EMDR therapy can still be effective when clinicians have the conceptual knowledge and perceptual skills to recognize these defenses, and when they can make use of a flexible set of advanced EMDR procedural stills for responding. EMDR trained clinicians must also confront their own affect phobias and psychodynamic conflicts as they experience a range of responses to their work with patients including countertransference and vicarious traumatization that can disrupt their ability to make use of their conceptual, perceptual and procedural knowledge and skills. This presentation provides an overview of concepts from Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy (STDP: McCullough, 1997, 2003) and the Theory of Structural Dissociation of the Personality (TSDP: van der Hart, Nijenhuis & Steele, 2006) and identifies procedures from Knipe (1999, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2009, 2010a, 2010b, 2010c), Mosquera (2010, 2011), Mosquera and Gonzalez (2010), and Leeds (2001), which clinicians can employ with cases involving affect phobia. We will also consider how clinicians can be sensitive to and mitigate the potential impact of their own affect phobias in their clinical work.

Las fobias al afecto también se pueden describir como defensas psicodinámicas, disociativas ó como conflictos del estado del yo. Cuando los pacientes presentan fobias al afecto y no avanzan con las intervenciones siguiendo los procedimientos de EMDR habituales, EMDR aún puede ser efectivo cuando los clínicos gozan del conocimiento conceptual, así como las habilidades perceptivas para reconocer dichas defensas y cuándo puede servirse de un conjunto flexible de habilidades de procedimiento de EMDR para responder [ante ellas]. Los clínicos formados en el uso de EMDR también han de afrontar sus propias fobias y conflictos psicodinámicos a medida que pasen por una variedad de respuestas a su trabajo con pacientes, incluidas la contra-‐transferencia y la traumatización indirecta que pueden perturbar su capacidad para aprovechar sus conocimientos y habilidades conceptuales, perceptivos y habilidades. La presente ponencia ofrece una visión del conjunto de los conceptos de Short-‐Term Dynamic Psychotherapy (STDP: McCullough, 1997, 2003) [psicoterapia dinámica breve] y de Theory of Structural Dissociation of the Personality (TSDP: van der Hart, Nijenhuis & Steele, 2006) [teoría de la disociación estructural de la personalidad] e identifica procedimientos de Knipe (1999, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2009, 2010a, 2010b, 2010c), Mosquera (2010, 2011), Mosquera y Gonzalez (2010) y Leeds (2001) que pueden aplicar los clínicos en casos de fobia al afecto. También se contemplará cómo los clínicos pueden estar sensibles ante el impacto potencial de sus propias fobias al afecto y cómo mitigarlo en su trabajo clínico.

Keywords: Affect Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

25. Turner, E. (2005, September). Affect regulation for children through art, play and storytelling. Presentation at the annual mmeting of the EMDR International Association, Seattle, WA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Traumatized and neglected children are likely to have deficits that results in low affect tolerance, leading to a tendency to become overwhelmed and dissociate during trauma processing. This workshop will describe the impact of the abuse and neglect on emotional regulation and the need for fun and developmentally appropriate experiences that build internal resources prior to trauma processing. Through live demonstration and small group activities, participants will learn to integrate EMDR principles with art interventions that help children identify emotion and tolerate affect. They will be able to apply EMDR principles to common games to increase affect tolerance and install resources and will be able to identify the EMDR principles inherent in effective storytelling appropriate for the preparation phase.

Keywords: Affect Regulation Art Therapy Children Play Therapy Storytelling

Accuracy Verified: Yes

26. Seidler, G. H. (2002). Aktuelle therapieansätze in der psychotraumatologie [Psychotraumatology: Recent therapy approaches]. Zeitschrift für Psychotraumatologie und Psychologische Medizin, 48(1), 6-27.

Language: German

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Psychologische Behandlung von traumatischen Belastungsstörungen mit EMDR
Heutige Therapieansätze in der Psychotraumatologie Zentrum rund um das Problem der effektiven Zugang zu spezifischen Trauma-Symptome: Einbrüche; affektive Abstumpfung und Vermeidungsverhalten, Übererregung. Unter seinem Lager aus dem deutschen und amerikanischen Leitlinien PTSD-Therapie, skizziert der Artikel die wichtigsten Therapiemethoden und bewertet sie im Hinblick auf die relevanten Qualitätskriterien. EMDR, kognitiv-behavioralen Ansätzen, modifizierte psychodynamische Methoden und Trauma-adaptierten stationären Psychotherapie können so lange empfohlen werden, da sie in Verbindung mit stabilisierenden Elemente-Therapie eingesetzt werden. Normalerweise sind weitere therapeutische Interventionen auch notwendig, Zeichnung auf traditionelle Methoden für die Integration des Traumas in den Patienten-Biographie. [Abstract Autor]

Present-day therapy approaches in psychotraumatology center around the problem of effective access to specific trauma symptoms: intrusions; affective blunting and avoidance behaviors; hyperarousal. Taking its bearings from the German and American PTSD therapy guidelines, the article outlines the most important therapy methods and assesses them in terms of relevant quality criteria. EMDR, cognitive/behavioral approaches, modified psychodynamic methods, and trauma-adapted inpatient psychotherapy can be recommended as long as they are used in conjunction with stabilizing therapy elements. Normally, further therapeutic interventions are also necessary, drawing on traditional methods for integrating the trauma into the patient's biography. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapy PTSD Review Stressors Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

27. Swedish Council on Technology Assessment (2001, April). Alert: EMDR - Psychotherapy in posttraumatic stress syndrome in young people - early assessment briefs. Swedish Council on Technology Assessment in Health Care (SBU).

Language: English

Format: Publication

Abstract:
Findings by SBU Alert, Version: 1,
METHOD AND TARGET GROUP: EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is a new psychotherapeutic method aimed at processing memories of traumatic events, thereby ameliorating the psychological consequences of these memories. EMDR involves elements from several different psychological approaches. It is uncertain which of the treatment elements are effective. Clients with post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are the main target group for EMDR treatment. Although both children and adults have been treated with EMDR, this document is aimed particularly at children and adolescents.
PATIENTS BENEFITS, RISKS AND SIDE EFFECTS: Published studies of EMDR mainly cover adults with PTSD. There are two randomized and controlled studies, one of which has yet to be published, of EMDR treatment in 47 children and adolescents. One of the studies suggests that EMDR yields a better treatment outcome in the short term compared to the control treatment (active listening). In the second study, no significant difference was found between EMDR treatment in combination with standard treatment and standard treatment alone as regards reduction in avoidance and invading thoughts. However, the PTSD symptom of behavioral disorders declined significantly in the EMDR group. Furthermore, numerous case studies suggest that EMDR has a positive treatment effect in children and adolescents with PTSD. No harmful effects have been reported.
ECONOMIC ASPECTS: There are no economic assessments of EMDR. Limited data suggest that fewer treatments are needed to achieve the desired outcome with EMDR compared to other psychotherapeutic methods. This suggests that EMDR is a potentially cost-effective method in relation to the alternatives, under the assumption that the effects of treatment are permanent.
CURRENT SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE: There is moderate* scientific evidence to show the benefits of EMDR treatment in children and adolescents. There is no* documentation concerning the cost-effectiveness or effects beyond 6 months. Since the scientific documentation is limited, the effects of EMDR treatment in both the short and long term should be compared in studies with other treatment alternatives, including standard treatment. Furthermore, the cost-effectiveness of the method should be studied under Swedish conditions. *This assessment by SBU Alert uses a 4-point scale to grade the quality and evidence of the scientific documentation. The grades indicate: (1) good, (2) moderate, (3) poor, or (4) no scientific evidence on the subject. This summary is based on a report prepared at SBU in collaboration with Kerstin Bergh Johannesson, Lic. Psychol., Akademiska Hospital, Uppsala and has been reviewed by Prof. Mats Fredriksson, Uppsala University, Uppsala.
REFERENCES: 1.) Cahill SP, Carrigan MH, Frueh BC. Does EMDR work? And if so, why? A critical review of controlled outcome and dismantling research. J Anxiety Disord 1999;13(1-2):5-33. 2.) Chemtob CM, Nakashima J, Hamada R, Carlson J. Brief treatment for elementary school children with disaster-related PTSD: a field study. J Clin Psychol, in press. 3.) Chemtob et al. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. In: Foa EB, Keane TM, Friedman MJ, eds. Effective treatments for PTSD. New York: Guilford, 2000. 4.) Devilly GJ, Spence SH. The relative efficacy and treatment distress of EMDR and a cognitive-behavior trauma treatment protocol in the amelioration of posttraumatic stress disorders. J Anxiety Disord 1999;13(1-2):131-57. 5.) Lovett J. Small Wonders: Healing childhood trauma with EMDR. New York: Free Press, 1999. 6.) Macklin ML, Metzger LJ, Lasko NB, Berry NJ, Orr SP, Pitman RK. Five-year follow-up study of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy for combat-related post traumatic stress disorder. Comprehensive Psychiatry 2000;41(1),24-27. 7.) Puffer MK, Greenwald R, Elrod DE. A treatment outcome study of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) with traumatized children and adolescents. Presented at the annual conference of the EMDR International Association, Denver, June 1996. 8.) Renfrey G, Spates CR. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: A partial dismantling procedure. J Behav Ther Experiment Psychiatr 1994;25:231-239. 9.) Scheck MM, Schaeffer JA, Gilette CS. Brief psychological intervention with traumatized young women: The efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. J Trauma Stress 1998;11:25-44. 10.) Shapiro F. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Basic principles, protocols and procedures. New York: Guilford Press, 1995. 11.) Stallard P, Velleman R, Baldwin S. Prospective study of post-traumatic stress disorder in children involved in road traffic accidents. BMJ 1998;317:1619-1623. 12.) Soberman GB, Greenwald R, Rule DL. A controlled study of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) for boys with conduct problems. J Aggression Maltreatment Trauma, in press. 13.) Tinker RH, Wilson SA. Through the Eyes of a Child: EMDR with children. New York: Norton & Co, 1999. 14.) van der Kolk B. Biological response to psychic trauma. In: Wilson JP, Raphael B, eds. International Handbook of Traumatic Stress Syndromes. New York: Plenum Press, 1993:25-33. 15.) van der Kolk B, Burbridge J, Susuki J. The psychobiology of traumatic memory; clinical implications of neuroimagery studies. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1997;821:99-113. 16.) van Etten M, Taylor S. Comparative efficacy of treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder: a meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Psychother 1998;5:126-144. 17.) Wilson SA, Becker LA, Tinker RH. Fifteen-month follow-up of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder and psychological trauma. J Consult Clin Psychol 1997;65(6):1047-1056. 18.) Wilson SA, Tinker RH, Hoff.
Alert is a joint effort by the Swedish Council on Technology Assessment in Health Care (SBU), the Medical Products Agency, the National Board of Health and Welfare, and the Federation of Swedish County Councils. The complete report is available in Swedish only.

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Practice Guidelines PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

28. De Divitiis, A. M. (2008, Novembre). Applicazione dello sviluppo e installazione delle risorse (RDI) nella psicoprofilassi al parto finalizzata alla prevenzione delle depressione post partum (DPP) [Application of resource development and installation (RDI) in psychoprophylaxis geared to the prevention of postpartum depression(DPP)]. Presentazione le Applicazioni Cliniche del EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Dagli ultimi dati statistici risulta che la Depressione Post Partum viene sviluppata da circa il 13% delle puerpere nel corso del secondo – terzo mese successivi al parto e la durata dei sintomi varia da qualche settimana ad un anno, con rischi di recidiva. A differenza del Baby Blues (colpisce il 70% delle puerpere, insorge in III – VI giornata e si risolve spontaneamente nell’arco di un paio di settimane), imputabile essenzialmente alle fisiologiche modificazioni ormonali (calo degli estrogeni e progesterone) dell’im-mediato post partum, lo sviluppo della DPP sembrerebbe invece essere determinata da fattori di natura strettamente psicologica: l’esperienza del parto, il riemergere di problematiche irrisolte nelle relazioni con le figure di attaccamento, il cambiamento di ruolo della donna sia nell’ambito sociale che all’interno della coppia, il timore di non essere in grado di attendere adeguatamente alle nuove responsabilità (sia sul piano delle proprie capacità, che del nuovo carico di fatica fisica), ecc. Le donne che hanno vissuto il parto come esperienza traumatica risultano essere maggiormente destabilizzate da tale evento e quindi maggiormente esposte allo sviluppo della DPP. Il parto richiede alla donna il reclutamento di molteplici risorse personali. Nel corso del “travaglio” la donna deve riuscire a contenere il dolore, mentre nella fase dell’“espulsione” le viene richiesto inoltre di “spingere”, ossia di contrastare una reazione antalgica automatica (che chiuderebbe il canale da parto) per andare invece “incontro al dolore”. Se consideriamo che le “Prestazioni di Picco” si caratterizzano per essere “al di fuori” del proprio ambito di sicurezza, di agio e di conforto, nel tentativo di oltrepassare il limite estremo delle proprie capacità, l’esperienza del parto può essere inscritta a pieno titolo nelle “Prestazioni di Picco”. Nel presente lavoro vengono descritte le modalità e i tempi di applicazione del RDI nel corso della Preparazione al Parto, finalizzata al rafforzamento delle diverse risorse personali di cui ogni gestante ha bisogno per poter vivere il parto come esperienza egosintonica. In tal senso l’RDI, tramite EMDR, è da considerarsi un vero e proprio Intervento di Prevenzione Primaria, in grado di insegnare alle donne qualcosa di positivo riguardo sé stesse, contrastando efficacemente l’insorgere della DPP. Verranno esposti, inoltre, i risultati dell’applicazione di tale tecnica su 48 gestanti, raccolti nella fase del Post Partum.

The latest statistics show that postpartum depression is developed by about 13% of mothers during the second to third months after delivery and the duration of symptoms varies from few weeks to a year, with risks of recurrence. Unlike the Baby Blues (affects 70% of mothers, occurs in III - VI day and resolves spontaneously within a couple of weeks), largely because of the physiological hormonal changes (decline in estrogen and progesterone) of IM-mediated post-partum, the development of the DPP seems to be determined by factors strictly psychological: the experience of childbirth, the resurgence of unresolved issues in relations with attachment figures, the changing role of women both in social the couple, the fear of not being able to wait adequately to new responsibility (both in terms of its ability, that the new burden of physical labor, etc.). Women who have experienced childbirth as a traumatic experience become more undermined by this event and, therefore, at greater risk of developing the DPP. The birth of the woman requires the recruitment of many personal resources. During the "Labor" the woman must be able to contain the pain, while in phase the 'expulsion' is the also required to "push", i.e. a reaction to counter analgesic automatic (which close the channel by birth) to go instead "to meet the pain." If we consider that "Peak Performance" are characterized by being "outside" the extent of its security, ease and comfort, in an attempt to go beyond the bounds of their abilities, experience delivery can be fully inscribed in the "peak performance". The present paper describes the methods and timing of application of RDI during the preparation for childbirth, which aims to reinforce the various personal resources which each pregnant woman needs to live the experience of childbirth as ego syntonic. In this sense, the RDI, through EMDR is considered true primary prevention interventions that can teach women something positive about themselves to effectively counter the rise DPP. Will be exposed, in addition, the results of applying this technique on 48 pregnant women, collected at the stage of post-partum.

Keywords: Postpartum Depression RDI Resource Development and Installation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

29. Villa, M., & Sangiovanni, L. (2008, Novembre). Applicazione dell’EMDR ad una nuova popolazione: I pazienti posturali con dolore cronico e con deficit percettivi [Applying EMDR to a new population: Patients postural with chronic pain and perceptual deficits]. Presentazione al Applicazioni Cliniche dell'EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Lo studio riguarda l’applicazione dell’EMDR ai Pazienti affetti da “Sindrome da deficit posturale” (Da Cuña). Il problema coinvolge il 10% della popolazione, di cui il 15% è sintomatico. È di difficile inquadramento, dato che i sintomi somatici che presenta coinvolgono tutti e tre i versanti delle regolazioni automatiche: dolori muscolo-scheletrici migranti, derivanti da disordini posturali; pseudovertigini, da deficit di localizzazione spaziale; disturbi cognitivi (fino alla dislessia), da alterata integrazione percettiva. Le modalità compensatorie a tali deficit possono investire la sfera psicologica (senso profondo di inadeguatezza, ansia, depressione...), sviluppare atteggiamenti strategici di evitamento (agorafobia da deficit di orientamento spaziale), spingere a interpretare reazioni fisiche come se fossero psicologiche (attacchi di panico, enuresi notturna…). Proprio il sottile intreccio tra aspetti somatici e psicologici rende complessa la diagnosi; può capitare infatti che un paziente con problemi di questa natura si rivolga a un terapista somatico (posturologo, osteopata…), che non coglie il problema. Abbiamo così messo a punto un sistema diagnostico che riconosca se l’aspetto psichico sia conseguenza di un vero disturbo somatico o se invece sostenga una serie di somatizzazioni tendenzialmente derivanti da traumi. Nell’uno o nell’altro caso, l’utilizzo dell’EMDR può essere risolutivo: evidentemente sul versante traumatico, ma pure per la desensibilizzazione delle convinzioni negative derivate dalle strategie psicologiche reattive al deficit somatico. Metodi. La valutazione diagnostica e le variazioni sintomatologiche sono state effettuate con DSMIV, SWAP-200, SCL90-R, TAS 20, VAS, anamnesi posturologica, kinesiologia, posturodinamica, riflessi primitivi e sensoriali, valutazione osteopatica, Maddox, stabilometria basale e con challenges). Risultati. Gli interventi su misura hanno ridotto la sintomatologia, come è rappresentato dalle rilevazioni effettuate e dai feedback dei pazienti. La conoscenza integrata, sia che il primo approccio sia psicologico o posturale, consente una diagnosi accurata e dunque una strategia terapeutica sinergica efficace che permette di sbloccare terapie cronicizzate.

The study concerns the application of EMDR in patients with "postural deficiency syndrome" (Da Cuna). The problem affects 10% of the population, of which 15% are symptomatic. It is classification difficult, because the somatic symptoms presenting involving all three sides automatic adjustments: musculoskeletal pain migrants from postural disorders; pseudovertigini, spatial localization deficit, cognitive problems (up to dyslexia), from altered perceptual integration. The methods compensatory these deficits can invest the ball psychological (deep sense of inadequacy, anxiety, depression ...), develop attitudes strategic avoidance (agoraphobia deficit spatial orientation), push to interpret physical reactions as if they were psychological (panic attacks, nocturnal enuresis ...). Just the subtle interplay between somatic and psychological aspects makes it difficult to diagnose and can in fact happen that a patient with problems of this nature, please ask a somatic therapy (Posture, osteopath ...), who misses the problem. We have thus developed a diagnostic system that recognize if the appearance is the result of a true mental disorder or whether it supports somatic a series of somatization tendency resulting from trauma. In either case, use EMDR can be resolutely on the side obviously traumatic, but also for desensitization of the negative beliefs derived from psychological strategies responsive to deficit somatic. Methods. The diagnostic evaluation and symptom changes are were made with DSMIV, SWAP-200, SCL90-R, TAS 20, VAS, history Posture, kinesiology, posturodinamica, primitive reflexes and sensory evaluation osteopathic, Maddox, stabilometry baseline and challenges). Results. Tailored interventions have reduced symptomatology, as represented by the surveys conducted and feedback from patients. The integrated knowledge, whether the first approach is psychological or postural, allows a diagnosis accurate and therefore a therapeutic strategy that allows you to unlock synergistic effective therapies chronic.

Keywords: Chronic Pain Perceptual Deficits

Accuracy Verified: Yes

30. De Sensi Fontera, A. (2008, Novembre). Applicazione dell’EMDR i soggetto di 9 anni affetto da ADHD [Applying EMDR the subject of 9 years with ADHD]. Poster presentato al Applicazioni Cliniche dell'EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
L’EMDR è stato applicato in un caso di una ragazza d’anni nove, Iris, affetta da ADHD (DSM – IV F90. 0). L’EMDR è stato integrato in un percorso di psicoterapia classica e con interventi sull’interazione dei sistemi Famiglia, Sanità, Scuola. L’EMDR è stato rivolto anche alle figure parentali per elaborare alcuni degli eventi traumatici che avevano contribuito allo sviluppo del disturbo nella bambina e, in particolare, per la madre sulla diagnosi. Il ruolo dell’EMDR è stato significativo nella risoluzione dei sintomi e ha contribuito all’efficacia dell’intervento complessivo. E’ stato particolarmente efficace per la risoluzione della “coazione a ripetere” e per l’integrazione intrapsichica della personalità d’Iris.

EMDR has been applied in a case of a girl of nine years, Iris, who suffers from ADHD (DSM -- IV F90. 0). EMDR has been integrated into a course of psychotherapy and classical interventions interaction of the family system, Health, School. EMDR has been addressed also to the figures parental to process some of the traumatic events that had contributed to the development of disorder in children and, in particular, for the mother on the diagnosis. The role of EMDR was significant in the resolution of symptoms and has contributed to the effectiveness of the intervention overall. It 'been particularly effective for the resolution of the "repetition compulsion" and Integration Intrapsychic personality of Iris.

Keywords: ADHD Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

31. Verzolatto, N. (2008, Novembre). Applicazioni patriche dell'EMDR in ambito ospedaliero [Applications practice EMDR in hospitals]. Presentazione le Applicazioni Cliniche del EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In ambito ospedaliero l’intervento psicologico presenta peculiarità che rispondono ad alcune caratteristiche come : - la velocità di intervento; - l’ esigenza di applicare protocolli rapidi ed efficaci. La necessità della rapidità è data dal fatto che il paziente allettato è generalmente in sofferenza fisica (spesso è presente dolore) oltre che psicologica e quindi non disponibile ad indagini ed interventi di tipo tradizionale (come assesment prolungati o studio approfondito della biografia); l’efficacia è intesa nel senso che gli strumenti devono centrare la domanda dell’inviante, che solitamente non è il paziente ma il reparto di degenza, e devono intervenire sul disagio del paziente che spesso esprime sintomi specifici. Generalmente i motivi per i quali vengono richieste le consulenze sono ascrivibili ad alcune precise categorie diagnostiche quali: -PTSD e PTSD sottosoglia. Riguardano generalmente: le comunicazioni di diagnosi gravi e/o prognosi infausta, sia nel paziente che nel familiare; eventi traumatici quali la violenza sessuale e domestica, traumi per incidenti, traumi per ricoveri in reparti particolari come le Stroke Unit o le Unità di Rianimazione). -disturbi d’ansia e DAP. Rientrano in questa categoria le consulenze per le fobie per sala operatoria, per l’anestesia, la paura del non risveglio e i timori per esiti del post-interveto (per es. nel caso di prostatectomie o laringectomie). Nei casi sopra citati l’uso dell’EMDR diventa spesso lo strumento d’elezione per le peculiarità proprie che rispondono perfettamente alle caratterizzazioni sopra citate. Nell’workshop si confronterà l’esperienza di tale attività e si discuterà di come l’uso dell’EMDR risponda per efficacia e velocità alle esigenze sopra esplicitate.

Psychological intervention in the hospital has special features that meet certain characteristics such as: - The speed of intervention; - 'S need to implement protocols for rapid and effective. The need for speed is the fact that the patient is usually bedridden physical suffering (pain is often present) as well as psychological and therefore not available to traditional investigations and interventions (such as prolonged or assesment study of the biography); effectiveness is understood that the instruments must hit dell'inviante demand, which is usually not the patient but the ward and must act on the discomfort of the patient often expresses specific symptoms. Usually the reasons for which are claimed are attributable to some specific advice diagnostic categories such as: -PTSD and subthreshold PTSD. Generally relate to: the Communications Diagnostic serious and / or poor prognosis, both in the patient in family trauma such as sexual and domestic violence, trauma caused by accidents, trauma admissions to particular departments as the Stroke Unit or the Intensive Care Unit) . -Anxiety disorders and CAD. This category includes advice for phobias to the operating room, anesthesia, fear of not waking up and fears of post-surgical outcomes (eg. In the case of prostatectomy or laryngectomy). In the above cases the use EMDR is often the tool of choice for the special features that perfectly meet the above characterizations. Nell'workshop you compare the experience of this activity and will explore how to use EMDR effectiveness and speed to meet the requirements spelled out above.

Keywords: Hospitals Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

32. Weiner, M., & Mullaney, D. (2006). Are 'the basics' more important than innovation?. Addiction Professional, 4(2), 1-58.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Behavioral Health of the Palm Beaches (BHOPB) is a residential alcoholism and drug abuse treatment facility in Lake Worth, Florida. The desire to provide the best possible treatment for our patients has led us to seek innovative treatment interventions. Examples include Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) for patients with symptoms of trauma and acupuncture for patients with chronic pain. Tailored interventions are also available for addicts with co-occurring chronic anxiety, unresolved anger, or grief issues. The desire to discover how well our patients have done led us to track a random sample of 90 patients for one year. Data were collected between August 2002 and December 2004. We were eager to determine an overall success rate, as well as the impact of our innovative interventions. Patients were contacted by telephone three months, six months, nine months, and one year from their date of discharge. We learned that 53% of the sample completed one year of continuous recovery. We believe these results understate patients' overall success. The essentials for treatment are discussed.

Keywords: Alcoholism Drug Abuse Drug Rehabilitation Health Care Services Residential Care Institutions

Accuracy Verified: Yes

33. Solomon, R. M. (2007, June). The art of EMDR: Dealing with abreactions. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The overall objective of this workshop is to enable the EMDR therapist to deal more effectively, and comfortably, with intense client affect. Treatment of complex trauma, where dissociation prevents the integration of traumatic emotions, often involved the processing of intense emotions. The abreaction can be quite shocking to the therapist who may then engage the client in talking therapy, utilize resource installation, or provide an interweave to lower the level of intensity. While this can, at times, be appropriate and helpful, often it is counter indicated and a perceived resolution may be short lived and/or needlessly circumscribed. It is important to recognize the markers of treatment, and what choices are appropriate. Ironically, it is often the therapist who is uncomfortable with the level of client affect, rather than the client being unable to deal with the intense emotion.
The hallmark of EMDR is “staying out of the way” if the dysfunctionally stored information is moving. An inherent value of EMDR is to facilitate natural processing and the client’s natural healing patterns. Assuming client readiness and preparation to deal with emotional material, an interweave (which elicits other neural networks), or resource installation (which initiates a state change) or prolonged talking (which initiates an interpersonal process) – though often useful – can interfere with the client’s own internal processing and take the client away form their natural and unique resolution and integration. The therapist can enable the client to process intense material utilizing a) strong attunement skills to hold the client one’s therapeutic presence, b) recognition of behavioral manifestations of processing to guide speed, rate and tempo of bilateral stimulation to maximize processing, c) using different rate, speed and tempo to control emotional intensity of the processing, d) and knowing when to verbally intervene and when to “stay out of the way.”
This workshop will focus on:
a) Assessment of client readiness
b) Therapeutic clinical presence and attunement skills
c) Detecting behavioral manifestations of processing and calibrating bilateral stimulation to the client in order to maximize processing and control intensity
d) Therapeutic choice points concerning verbal interventions and “staying out of the way."
Demonstration and video tapes will be used to illustrate teaching points. (Participants should be aware that the videos have intense emotional content).

Keywords: Abreactions Intense Affect

Accuracy Verified: Yes

34. Solomon, R. M. (2006, September). The art of EMDR: Dealing with abreactions. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Philadelphia, PA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The overall objective of this workshop is to enable the EMDR therapist to deal more effectively, and comfortably, with intense client affect. Treatment of complex trauma, where dissociation prevents the integration of traumatic memories, often involves the processing of intense emotions. The abreaction can be quite shocking to the therapist who may then engage the client in verbal interventions (e.g. interweave, resource installation, talking therapy). While this can indeed be appropriate and helpful, it is often the therapist who is uncomfortable with the level of & client affect, rather than the client being unable to deal with the intense emotions. The hallmark of EMDR is "staying out of the way" if the dysfunctionally stored information is moving. An inherent value of EMDR is to facilitate natural processing and the client's natural patterns. Assuming client readiness and preparation to deal with emotional material, an interweave (which elicits other neural networks), or resource installation (which initiates a state change) or prolonged talking (which initiates an interpersonal process) - though often useful - can interfere with the client's own internal processing and take the client away from their natural and unique resolution and integration. The therapist can enable the client to process intense material utilizing a) strong attunement skills to hold the client in one's therapeutic presence, b) recognition of behavioral manifestations of processing to guide speed, rate, and tempo of bilateral stimulation to maximize processing c) using different rate, speed, and tempo to control emotional intensity of processing; d) and knowing when to verbally intervene and when to "stay out of the way". Hence, more important than the mechanics of bilateral stimulation is the way EMDR is delivered. EMDR is a "dance" between client and therapist with the therapist interacting through bi-lateral stimulation even more than through verbal communication. This workshop will focus on dealing with intense affect with EMDR (the dance) and include discussjon of 1) How to assess client readiness for dealing with intense material, both before and during EMDR processing. 2) Therapist clinical presence and attunement skills. 3) Detecting behavioral manifestations of processing and calibrating bilateral stimulation to the client in order to maximize processing, and control intensity of processing. 4) Therapeutic choice points concerning verbal interventions and "staying out of the way". Demonstration and video tapes will be used to illustrate teaching points. (Participants should be aware that the videos have intense emotional content).

Keywords: Abreactions

Accuracy Verified: Yes

35. van der Kolk, B. A. (1999, November). Assessment and treatment of complex PTSD. Specialty training course presented at the annual meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, Miami, FL.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
While most research on PTSD has studied subjects exposed to single trauma, in clinical practice the vast majority of treatment seeking patients have histories of multiple traumas, usually interpersonal, abuse. This gives rise to complex clinical pictures, of which PTSD is just one dimension. The Trauma Center in Boston is a large, multidisciplinary, developmentally focused Clinic which specializes in the treatment of traumatized children and adults. Our clinic uses a developmentally based assessment tool which helps in the staging of appropriate treatment interventions. Special emphasis is placed on providing patients with skills to deal with complex trauma-based symptoms, such as dissociation, by teaching stablization with DBT techniques, psychoeducational groups, resource installation, SIT, and body-oriented methods, in which patients are taught skills to increase their internal locus of control. We will review the rationale for various psychopharmacological interventions and the role of groups to enhance the capacity for mutual relationships. All treatment occurs on the foundation of continuity of care with one individual therapist who follows the patient’s progress,explores life issues, helps deal with re-enactment behaviors, and does trauma-specific treatment, such as EMDR or CBT for alleviation of trauma-specific symptoms. This conference will explore these issues in depth and discuss in detail the staging and applications of various treatment techniques in clinical practice.

Keywords: Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Complex PTSD C-PSTD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

36. Oglesby, C. (1999). Assessment of the appropriateness of EMDR use in sport interventions. Symposium conducted at the annual conference of the Association of the Advancement of Applied Sport Psychology, Banff, Alberta, Canada.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Initial research indicated extraordinary efficacy ofEMDR interventions with various forms of trauma. As more and more research was undertaken, often by researchers removed from clinical EMDR experience, contradictions emerged and EMDR samples sometimes fared no better than others. Recent research with an athletic population indicated that possible "individual differences" characteristics of potential subjects mayaccount for some of the previous contradictory results. Possible screening devices will be discussed in the context of a successful case study report.

Keywords: Athletes Interventions Sports Psychology Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

37. Richman, S., & O'Connor, M. (2013, March). Attachment and trauma. Presentation at the annual workshops EMDR Association UK & Ireland and AGM, Newcastle.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Presents case studies of children and adults who have experienced early attachment disruptions that have adversely affected their development and relationships in childhood and later life. They will discuss the consequences of early attachment disruptions on relationships and learning and the ways in which the 8 phases of the EMDR protocol have to be adjusted to accommodate different attachment styles. They will discuss treatment strategies stemming from the eight-phase EMDR protocol for clients of all ages suffering from attachment disruptions, linking the effect of attachment trauma to dissociative symptoms and other developmental problems. They will also give attention to how the Adaptive Information Processing Theory addresses the impact of attachment trauma.

Keywords: Attachment Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

38. Paulsen, S. (2012, October). Attachment repair and temporal integration: EMDR for early trauma. Presentation at the 29th annual meeting of the International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation, Long Beach, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Progress in neuroscience reveals that attachment learning, affect dysregulation, and traumatic experience are predominantly held in the right hemisphere (Schore, 2009). Therapists can access trauma and neglect held in the right hemisphere using EMDR, somatic awareness, imaginal excursions, and the therapists mirror neuronal experience. This workshop summarizes the Early Trauma approach of EMDR (O'Shea, 2009; and its variations for the dissociative client (Paulsen, in press). Of note is a new stabilization procedure that appears to work directly on the subcortical affective circuits (Panksepp, 1998). The Early Trauma approach to EMDR processes preverbal implicit memory in sequential time periods, while attending to the nuances of somatic and affective experience as they emerge both in the clients subjective report and in the relationship field. As the infants story is told with the deciphering of these nuances, the therapy repairs developmental milestones imaginally. This enables integration from the bottom up, by time frame, called Temporal Integration (Paulsen, 2009), which contrasts with Strategic and Tactical Integration. Preliminary clinical findings are that the procedure helps repair injuries of attachment, structural dissociation, affect dysregulation and personality. The workshop will interest both EMDR and non-EMDR practitioners because of its significant implications for theory and practice Learning Objectives: Participants will be able to list a modification of the ET procedure for dissociative clients for each of the four steps. Participants will be able to list the seven hardwired subcortical affective circuits described by Panksepp. Participants will be able to name four steps of the Early Trauma procedure for non-dissociative clients.

Keywords: Attachment Repair Early Trauma Temporal Integration

Accuracy Verified: Yes

39. Cummings, P. (2003, September). The attachment repair model (ARM). Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Assocation, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The Attachment Repair Model (ARM) is a loose and imaginal clinical structure to identify, activate, repair, and purge the negative experiences to one's neurological functioning. The importance of ego repair via integrative interventions takes priority over the purging of traumatic events. This presentation offers a paradigm shift in therapeutic goal setting from purging and desensitization of traumatic events to the integration of ego states. Within thc ARM, The Positive Parts and Hurting Parts (PP-HP) Meetings Protocol is an infrastructure of the ARM with sensory extension protocols to the basic EMDR Protocol. The established ethos within clinical practice to first purge negative emotion associated with trauma is upheld by the ARM, but as a second order priority. Participants will be challenged to think about their role as healers.

Keywords: ARM Attachment Repair Model Positive Parts and Hurting Parts (PP-HP) Meetings Protocol

Accuracy Verified: Yes

40. Brisch, K. H. (2013, June). Attachment trauma and treatment process with EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Geneva, Switzerland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This presentation will provide an overview of the various forms of attachment disorders, their significance in terms of affect and stress regulation, and their effects on the development of early severe psychopathology. Case studies will illustrate the use of EMDR as a therapeutic modality.

Keywords: Attachment Trauma Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

41. Liotti, G. (2012, June). Attachment, psychotherapy and EMDR [Apego, psicopatología y EMDR]. Keynote presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The defense system (freezing-‐fight-‐flight-‐feigned death), that is set into motion in every individual by the exposure to any event that threatens life or bodily integrity in the self or in significant others, is terminated after the event is over by mental and interpersonal processes involving the soothing and security-‐ seeking system (attachment). If the functions of the attachment system are hindered by memories (internal working model, IWM) of early attachment interactions with neglecting or abusive caregivers, the defense system may remain active for long periods of time after the traumatic event is over. Insecure and especially disorganized IWMs of early attachments, together with the unavailability of social support after the trauma, are thus risk factors for developing the symptoms of post-‐traumatic stress disorders. This lecture dwells on the main features of attachment disorganization, on the negative interference of attachment disorganization in the therapeutic relationship, and on the reasons why the characteristic patient-‐therapist relationship in EMDR interventions can be instrumental in by-‐passing such negative interference.

El sistema de defensa (respuesta de inmovilización-‐lucha-‐huída-‐muerte fingida) que se pone en marcha en toda persona por la exposición a cualquier incidente que amenaza su vida o la integridad física o las de sus allegados llega a su fin tras el incidente mediante procesos mentales e interpersonales implicados en el sistema de tranquilizar y la búsqueda de seguridad (apego). Si las funciones del sistema de apego se ven impedidas por los recuerdos (el modelo del funcionamiento interno, IWM, por sus siglas en inglés) de interacciones precoces de apego con cuidadores negligentes o abusivos, es posible que el sistema de defensa permanezca activo durante períodos prolongados después de que el evento traumático haya terminado. Así, los IWM inseguros y especialmente desorganizados del apego temprano, junto con la falta de apoyo social tras el incidente traumático, se convierten en factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de síntomas de los trastornos postraumáticos. Esta conferencia se centra en los rasgos esenciales de la desorganización del apego, en la interferencia negativa de la desorganización del apego en la relación terapéutica y en los motivos por los cuales la relación característica entre paciente y terapeuta en las intervenciones con EMDR pueden ser instrumentales para puentear dicha interferencia negativa.

Keywords: Attachment Keynote

Accuracy Verified: Yes

42. Saint Paul, N. V. (2002, May). Aus der fülle ... Ressourcen- und Korperorientierung in der traumatherapeutischen arbeit [Out of the abundance ... Resource and body orientation in trauma therapy]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Frankfurt, Germany.

Language: German

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This paper describes how trauma therapy including body awareness can reduce the impact of the traumatic memory and can efficiently prevent retraumatization. The goal is to achieve the ability to self-regulate activation of the autonomic nervous system and hence, to attain access to states in which patients can maximize their resources. This procedure is based on neurobiological findings and exemplified with case studies. The approach complements other trauma therapeutic interventions, regardless of the theoretical orientation, and can be combined with techniques like, for instance, EMDR.

Keywords: Neurobiology Psychotherapy Psycho Trauma Resource Orientation Selective Mutism

Accuracy Verified: Yes

43. Saint Paul, N. V. (2008). Aus der fülle ... Ressourcen- und körperorientierung in der traumatherapeutischen arbeit [Out of the abundance ... Resource and body orientation in trauma therapy]. Interdisziplinär, 16(3), 166-175 .

Language: German

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
In diesem Beitrag wird beschrieben, wie Traumatherapie unter Einbeziehung der Körperwahrnehmung schonend gestaltet und so einer Retraumatisierungsgefahr wirksam begegnet wird. Ziel ist das Erlangen der Fähigkeit, den Aktivierungszustand des autonomen Nervensystems zu regulieren und auf diese Weise Zugang zu ressourcenvollen Ich-Zuständen zu erlangen. Das Vorgehen wird durch neurobiologische Erkenntnisse begründet und anhand von Fallbeispielen veranschaulicht. Der Ansatz wird als Ergänzung zu anderen traumatherapeutischen Verfahren, gleich welcher Schule, verstanden und lässt sich gut mit speziellen Methoden, wie beispielsweise EMDR, verbinden.

Summary: This paper describes how trauma therapy including bodyawareness can reduce the impact of the traumatic memory and can efficiently prevent retraumatization. The goal is to achive the ability to self-regulate activation of the atuonomic nervous system and hence, to attain access in states in which patients can maximize their resources. This proceedure is based on neurobiological findings and exemplified with case studies. The approach compliments other trauma therapeutic interventions, regardless of the theoretical orentation, and can be combined with techniques like, for instance, EMDR.

Keywords: Neurobiology Psychotherapy Psycho Trauma Resource Orientation Selective Mutism

Accuracy Verified: Yes

44. Forbes, D., Creamer, M., Phelps, A., Bryant, R., McFarlane, A., Devilly, G. J., Lynda Matthews, L., Raphael, B., Doran, C., Merlin, T., & Skye N. (2007, August). Australian guidelines for the treatment of adults with acute stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 41(8), 637-648. doi:10.1080/00048670701449161.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Over the past 2-3 years, clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and acute stress disorder (ASD) have been developed in the USA and UK. There remained a need, however, for the development of Australian CPGs for the treatment of ASD and PTSD tailored to the national health-care context. Therefore, the Australian Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health in collaboration with national trauma experts, has recently developed Australian CPGs for adults with ASD and PTSD, which have been endorsed by the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC). In consultation with a multidisciplinary reference panel (MDP), research questions were determined and a systematic review of the evidence was then conducted to answer these questions (consistent with NHMRC procedures). On the basis of the evidence reviewed and in consultation with the MDP, a series of practice recommendations were developed. The practice recommendations that have been developed address a broad range of clinical questions. Key recommendations indicate the use of trauma-focused psychological therapy (cognitive behavioural therapy or eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in addition to in vivo exposure) as the most effective treatment for ASD and PTSD. Where medication is required for the treatment of PTSD in adults, selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor antidepressants should be the first choice. Medication should not be used in preference to trauma-focused psychological therapy. In the immediate aftermath of trauma, practitioners should adopt a position of watchful waiting and provide psychological first aid. Structured interventions such as psychological debriefing, with a focus on recounting the traumatic event and ventilation of feelings, should not be offered on a routine basis. [InformaWorld]

Keywords: ASD Guidelines Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Trauma Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

45. Australian Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health (2007, February). Australian Guidelines for the treatment of Adults with Acute Stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder. Melbourne, Victoria: ACPMH.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
The Australian Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health in collaboration with national trauma experts, has recently developed Australian CPGs for adults with ASD and PTSD, which have been endorsed by the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC). In consultation with a multidisciplinary reference panel (MDP), research questions were determined and a systematic review of the evidence was then conducted to answer these questions (consistent with NHMRC procedures). On the basis of the evidence reviewed and in consultation with the MDP, a series of practice recommendations were developed. The practice recommendations that have been developed address a broad range of clinical questions. Key recommendations indicate the use of trauma-focused psychological therapy (cognitive behavioural therapy or eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in addition to in vivo exposure) as the most effective treatment for ASD and PTSD. Where medication is required for the treatment of PTSD in adults, selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor antidepressants should be the first choice. Medication should not be used in preference to trauma-focused psychological therapy. In the immediate aftermath of trauma, practitioners should adopt a position of watchful waiting and provide psychological first aid. Structured interventions such as psychological debriefing, with a focus on recounting the traumatic event and ventilation of feelings, should not be offered on a routine basis. [InformaWorld]

Keywords: Treatment Guidelines

Accuracy Verified: Yes

46. van den Hout, M., Muris, P., Salemink, E., & Kindt, M. (2001). Autobiographical memories become less vivid and emotional after eye movements. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 40(2), 121-130. doi:10.1348/014466501163535.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Objectives: To test (1) whether eye movements during retrieval of emotional memories are followed by less vividness and less emotionality of future recollections, (2) whether this effect, if present, is stronger than the effects of a control activity (finger tapping), (3) whether the alleged effects of tapping and eye movements are stronger than a no-movement, control condition (mere imagery), (4) whether reductions in vividness and emotionality after eye movements (and finger tapping) are specific to negative memories or also occur in the case of positive memories. Method: 60 healthy volunteers recalled either positive or negative memories and scored the vividness and emotionality of the recollections. Next, memories were recalled whilst the participant was performing rapid eye movements, finger tapping, or not performing a dual task. Then participants were asked to recall the event again and to rate its vividness and emotionality. Results: Compared to finger tapping and the no-dual-task condition, recollections after eye movements made future recollections less vivid. After eye movements, but not after the other interventions, negative memories became less negative, and positive memories became less positive. Conclusion: The findings show that eye movements not only reduce vividness and emotionality of memories during the eye moving, but also affect future recollections, during which no eye movements are made. Some theoretical explanations are discussed. As to clinical implications, it is suggested that if there is a role for eye-movement-based treatments, it is very limited. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adolescents Cognitive Processes College Students Dutch Exposure Therapy Memory Impairment Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Survivors Treatment Effectiveness Young Adults

Accuracy Verified: Yes

47. Maquieira, S. (2010, Junio). Avances en la Clínica en las intervenciones con modelo EMDR. Presentación de fragmentos del Video de la Conferencia de Francine Shapiro, 2009. - EMDR y Trastornos de Ansiedad [Advances in Clinical interventions with EMDR model. Video presentation of fragments of the Conference of Francine Shapiro, 2009. - EMDR and anxiety disorders]. Ponencia presentada en el XI Congreso Internacional de Estrés Traumático y Trastornos de Ansiedad, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Keywords: Anxiety Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

48. Cortés, C. (2012, June). Ayudando a desarrollar el sistema de procesamiento de la información para la reconstrucción del apego en niños adoptados [Helping to develop the adaptive information system for attachment reconstruction in adopted children]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR is based on the adaptive information system model. Humans have an inherent information processing system that generally processes the complex elements of an experience to an adaptive state. In other words, we have the innate capacity to resolve difficult emotional experiences and move forward in our lives. There are cases where, besides the trauma of abandonment and lack of attachment, there has been no early stimulation, mainly during the first year of life. Sometimes the emotional environment is so poor that results in insufficient attachment, and prevents the motivational system from becoming strong enough to push the baby to find and produce stimulation. Other times, the environment has been so negligent that has not provided the conditions for the baby to adequately cover this first sensory stimulation. Whether it is poor emotional environment or a negligent environment, or both at once, the result is that we find children who have not had the opportunity to generate enough neural connections or the quality required for the reptilian brain to mature. This phenomenon hinders the brain integration, both vertically and horizontally, and makes the processing of the adaptive information system difficult, if not impossible. Aiming to promote and foster the development of the adaptive information system, we have focused on a dual purpose: rebuilding attachment and ensuring the neurofunctional reorganization and development of the child at early stages. For this we rely on both; EMDR processing, as well as sensory integration and sensorimotor therapies, which promote the integration of primitive reflexes and the child´s development at early years. Given the baby's phylogenetic development and the ideal conditions for such development to occur, we try to generate the same conditions, with the aim to facilitate and complete part of the child's development that, so far, has not occurred yet. Therefore, the quality of attachment is what will define the self-‐regulation capacity and the child's motivational system. And in this sense, the neurofunctional organization and sensory integration will provide the child with the necessary resources to meet the challenges of both, development and growth, and the possibility to achieve success and thus to obtain the perception of efficiency. Both aspects, attachment and neurofunctional organization, are interwoven with each other and feed the adaptive information system. Through videos and clinical material, we show the evolution of adopted children with whom we have already intervened from this dual therapeutic point of view; generating a greater vertical and horizontal integration and a better attachment consolidation. Parents will play a key role in this intervention and we prepare them for it through both; psycho-‐education and EMDR. In this way, they can become proper therapeutic parents, capable to parenthesize their own children.

EMDR está basado en el modelo del sistema adaptativo del procesamiento de la información. El ser humano posee un sistema inherente de procesamiento de la información que normalmente procesa los elementos complejos de una experiencia en un sistema adaptativo. En otras palabras, tenemos una capacidad innata para resolver las experiencias emocionalmente difíciles y seguir adelante con nuestras vidas. Existen casos donde, tras el trauma de abandono y la falta de apego, no ha existido estimulación temprana, principalmente durante el primer año de vida. A menudo el ambiente emocional es tan pobre que da como resultado un apego insuficiente, e impide que el sistema emocional sea lo suficientemente fuerte para conseguir que el bebe encuentre y produzca estimulación. En otras ocasiones, el ambiente ha sido tan negligente que no proporciona las condiciones adecuadas para que el bebe cubra su primera estimulación sensorial. Ya sea por ambiente emocional pobre o un ambiente negligente, o bien ambos, el resultado es que encontramos niños que no tienen la oportunidad de generar conexiones neurales suficientes o de calidad requeridas por el cerebro reptiliano para madurar. Este fenómeno dificulta la integración del cerebro vertical y horizontalmente y hace que el sistema de procesamiento de la información sea deficitario, si no imposible. Con el objetivo de promover y fomentar el desarrollo del sistema adaptativo del procesamiento de la información, nos hemos centrado en un propósito dual: Reconstruir el apego y asegurarnos de reorganizar y desarrollar la neurofuncionalidad del niño en las etapas tempranas del niño. Para ello nos apoyamos en el procesamiento del EMDR, así como en las terapias de integración sensorial y sensoriomotoras, que fomentan la integración de los reflejos primitivos y el desarrollo del niño en las etapas tempranas. Dado el desarrollo filogenético del niño y las condiciones ideales para que dicho desarrollo ocurra, intentamos generar las mismas condiciones, con el objetivo de facilitar y completar parte del desarrollo del niño que hasta ahora, no ha ocurrido todavía. Por tanto, la calidad del apego es aquella que será definida por la capacidad de autorregulación y el sistema motivacional del niño. Y en este sentido, la organización neurofuncional y la integración sensorial promoverán en el niño los recursos necesarios para encontrarse con los retos de desarrollo y crecimiento y la posibilidad de conseguir el éxito en ambos, además de obtener la percepción de eficiencia. Ambos aspectos, apego y organización neurofuncional, están entrelazados y alimentan el sistema adaptativo del procesamiento de la información. A través videos y material clínico, mostramos la evolución de los niños adoptados los cuales ya han sido intervenidos desde esta perspectiva terapéutica dual; generando una gran integración vertical y horizontal y una mejora en la consolidación del apego. Los

Keywords: Adoptives

Accuracy Verified: Yes

49. Mueller-Schwefe, R. (2010, June). Back into life - EMDR with primary withdrawal after trauma. In Experimental use of EMDR. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
“Where I am? I am somewhere between heaven and earth, but I don't know where exactly." "My therapist waited for my anger, but it just isn't there...nowhere” – “I can't imagine anything helpful when I feel bad, I just don't have the energy... it's all too much for me." – “I just want to give up...” Reaction to traumatic events can vary a lot. This is true even when a PTSD has been diagnosed. Contrary to the 'classical' hyper-arousal response to traumatic memories there is also a different pattern of response that is characterized by a lack of an increase in heart rate, and very different pattern of neural activations, despite having a severe case of acute and subsequent PTSD'[l] and may go along with (peri- and posttraumatic) dissociation, emotional numbness, exhaustion, withdrawal and depression. The above statements belong to people with this pattern of response who have experienced subsequent difficulties already in the stabilization phase of their trauma-therapy. First, I will present an understanding of this symptomatology, the hypothesis being a predominance of the dorsal vagal system (see: Polyvagal Theory [2] and activation of the early withdrawal reflex (or: fear-paralysis reflex). This goes along with particular cognitive and especially emotional and physical features. Second, I will present a way to work with this condition, taking into account that the completion of "interrupted action." In this case does not imply an outward (fight or fight response) but an inward orientation withdrawal). EMDR with an adjusted protocol and tactile bilateral stimulation provides the way to process and pull through this interrupted (or unsatisfied) organismic withdrawal and the fear mostly associated with this process. Returning from this deep and primary withdrawal from life brings back the energy and the patient turns back towards life; vagal predominance subsides and the stuck impulse to withdraw releases. 1. Ruth A. Lanius, James W. Hopper, Ravi 5. Menon, Individual Differences in a Husband and Wife Who Developed PTSD After a Motor Vehicle Accident: A Functional MRI Case Study. Am J Psychiatry 160:4. April 2003, p. 668. 2. Porges. S.W. (2001). The Polyvagal Theory: Phylogenetic substrates of a social nervous system. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 42, 123-146. Learning objectives: 1. Recognize dorsal vagal predominance and primary withdrawal after trauma, 2. Understand the different orientation of interrupted action/ trauma scheme, 3. Know how to help withdrawal-patients to stabilize and process with adjusted EMDR-protocol and tactile or auditory bilateral stimulation. New and unique: Identifying this withdrawal-type of traumatic reaction and scheme, understanding it with the help of Polyvagal Theory and development of EMDR- adjusted protocol and way to process this.

Keywords: Primary Withdrawal Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

50. O’Malley, A. (2012, October). BART: A new protocol to enhance EMDR therapy. Presentation at the at the 4th Autumn EMDR Workshop Conference, Sheffield, UK .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Bilateral Affective Reprocessing of thoughts or BART is a dynamic new model of trauma therapy designed to complement traditional EMDR therapy. Often with early touchstone memories the client has no verbal recall. It is impossible to access negative cognitions. In BART gut feelings are activated and connected to feelings and sensations elsewhere in the body. Ultimately heartfelt sensations link to the cerebral hemispheres and eventually the prefrontal cortex. Examples will illustrate combining BART psychotherapy combined with traditional EMDR.

Keywords: BART Bilateral Affective Reprocessing of Thoughts

Accuracy Verified: Yes

51. von Knorring, L., Thelander, S., & Pettersson, A. (2005, November 21-27). Behandling av angestsyndrom. En systematisklitteraturaversikt. SBUs sammanfattning och slutsatser [Treatment of anxiety syndrome: A systematic literature review. Summary and conclusions by the SBU]. Lakartidningen , 102(47), 3561-3562, 3565-3566, 3569.

Language: Swedish

Format: Journal

Abstract:
En rapport från det svenska rådet för medicinsk utvärdering (SBU) har gått igenom, klassificeras och utvärderas den vetenskapliga litteraturen om behandling av panik-syndrom, specifika fobier, social fobi, tvångssyndrom syndrom (OCD), generaliserat ångestsyndrom (GAD) och posttraumatiskt stressyndrom (PTSD). Översynen ingår behandling av barn, ungdomar och vuxna. Rapportens slutsats är att det finns effektiv behandling tillgänglig för alla ångest syndrom. Men i allmänhet, är effekten ofta måttliga och symtomen återkommer när behandlingen perioden avbryts. För vuxna, stödjer vetenskapliga bevis användning av paroxetin och sertralin för alla syndrom utom specifika fobier. För övriga SSRI-preparat Det finns också bevis för användning av Fluoxetin i OCD och PTSD, för fluvoxamin i social fobi och tvångssyndrom och för escitalopram i social fobi. Andra antidepressiva läkemedel med ett starkt vetenskapligt stöd är venlafaxin i social fobi och GAD, imipramin i panik syndrom och chlomipramine i panik syndrom och tvångssyndrom. Bland de psykologiska behandlingar, det finns vetenskapliga bevis för kognitiv beteendeterapi (KBT) för behandling av panik-syndrom, specifika fobier, social fobi, PTSD och GAD. Exponering, med eller utan andra psykoterapeutiska interventioner har vetenskapligt stöd för effekt vid paniksyndrom (både i termer av antalet panikattacker och agorafobi för), specifika fobier, tvångssyndrom och PTSD. Användning av ögonrörelser desensibilisering och upparbetning (EMDR) har vetenskapligt stöd för behandling av PTSD.

A report by the Swedish Council on Technology Assessment in Health Care (SBU) has reviewed, classified and evaluated the scientific literature on treatment of panic syndrome, specific phobias, social phobia, obsessive-compulsive syndrome (OCD), generalized anxiety syndrome (GAD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The review included treatment of children, adolescents and adults. The report concludes that there is effective treatment available for all anxiety syndromes. However in general, the effect is often moderate and symptoms reappear when the treatment period is discontinued. For adults, scientific evidence supports the use of paroxetine and sertraline for all syndromes except specific phobias. For the other SSRI's there is also evidence for the use of fluoxetin in OCD and PTSD, for fluvoxamine in social phobia and OCD and for escitalopram in social phobia. Other antidepressant drugs with a strong scientific support is venlafaxin in social phobia and GAD, imipramin in panic syndrome and chlomipramine in panic syndrome and OCD. Among psychological treatments, there is scientific evidence for cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for treatment of panic syndrome, specific phobias, social phobia, PTSD and GAD. Exposure, with or without other psychotherapeutic interventions, has scientific support for efficacy in panic disorder (both in terms of number of panic attacks and for agoraphobia), specific phobias, OCD and PTSD. Use of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) has scientific support for treatment of PTSD.

Keywords: Review

Accuracy Verified: Yes

52. ter Heide, F. J. J. (2008). Berichten uit het veld: Stabiliseren of verwerken? [Reports from the field: Stabilize or process?]. Cogiscope, 4(3), 39.

Language: Dutch

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Onder behandelaars van getraumatiseerde asielzoekers en vluchtelingen wordt soms hevig gediscussieerd over de vraag met welke interventies deze patiënten het beste geholpen zijn. Bijvoorbeeld: een vluchtelinge, slachtoffer van oorlogsgeweld, durft niet te slapen uit angst voor nachtmerries en heeft geen dagstructuur. Helpen we haar eerst om haar dagstructuur te verbeteren, zodat ze een traumagerichte therapie daarna beter aankan? Of behandelen we eerst haar traumatische herinneringen met EMDR of cognitieve gedragstherapie, zodat ze weer kan slapen en zelf haar dagen kan structureren? Of misschien moeten we deze benaderingen combineren in een dagklinische behandeling? Kortom, wat is de beste inhoud en timing van onze interventies? [Excerpt]

Among practitioners of traumatized asylum seekers and refugees is sometimes fierce discussed the question with which interventions these patients are best helped. For example, a refugee, victim of war, afraid to sleep for fear for nightmares and has no daily structure. We help her to her first day structure improve, so they trauma-focused therapy after better handle? or treating we first her traumatic memories EMDR or cognitive behavioral therapy, so they weather can sleep and can structure itself? her days Or maybe we need these approaches combine in a partial hospitalization treatment? In short, what is the best content and timing of our interventions? [Excerpt]

Keywords: Reprocessing Stabilization

Accuracy Verified: Yes

53. Zangwill, W. (1995, June). Beyond the basics: Conceptual issues and advances in using EMDR. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop is designed for those comfortable with the basics of using EMDR. We shall discusses the importance of developing a conceptual framework in which to view the patient and his/her life experiences. Though any framework could potentially be used, the one we shall use is that of Jefiey Young's Schema-Focused Cognitive therapy. This workshop is too brief to go deeply into Jeff's work so let me give you some references. (Books: 1)Cognitive Therapy for Personality Disorders: A Schema Focused Appoach, Professional Resource Exchange, Sarasota, F1, (813) 366-7913 Or 2) Reinventing Your Life, Young and Klosko. Jeff can be reached at the CTC of NY (212) 717-1052). I would like to begin by presenting an overview of how I see the case conceptualization enhancing the effectiveness of EMDR. Next I want to present a case illustrating the points I am going to make. Then, for the remaining two thirds of the presentation, I would like us to share our experiences of cases using either this or your own framework. Why conceptualize the case? Why not just treat the trauma directly? Because I assume that it is the interaction of the events a person has experienced and the way in which they have interpreted, experienced and stored them that is most important in determining the amount and kind of pain that remains. If you took a group of 100 people who had been in serious accidents, were assaulted, etc. They will not all respond the same to the experience. Thus, I think that it is vitally important to "map" each patient's own idiosyncratic set of vulnerabilities, his/her schemas or life themes. One of the ways I do that is by attempting to combine all of the information that I obtain in the first few sessions. This would include history taking, any paper and pencil measures I use, e.g., Lazarus' Multimodal Life History Questionnaire (Research Press, Champagne, IL.); Young's Schema Questionnaire (Jeffrey Young, Cognitive Therapy Center of New York), and my experience of the client in session. My assumption is that we all have specific vulnerabilities. In Young's system such issues as Emotional Deprivation - the feeling that we shall never receive the kind of caring we need - Abandonment, Mistrust/Abuse, Defectives, Vulnerability, Subjugation, Entitlement, etc., are assumed to be organizing themes around which memories and experiences are stored. (Use 'Types of Fruit' metaphor here.) Once you have identified these underlying vulnerabilities and life themes, educating patients as to the role of these early maladaptive schemas in their present life difficulties is quite usefull in a variety of ways. First, is its explanatory power. One of the problems clients often present is the pain of the event itself their subsequent reactions. How many of us have heard from our clients variations on the theme of "What's wrong with me that this is still bothering me? It happened years ago; how come I'm still overreacting?" Explaining that often the event was/is so painful because it taps into a whole series of memories (the childhood file folders that Francine talks about in Level I), frequently increases clients' ability to understand their emotional reactions and reduces their tendency to blame themselves. Second, it alerts you and the client to look for other examples in the past that might be thematically connected and to be aware of situations in the future that might be troublesome. For example, imagine a client who suffered a tremendous loss as a chlld through the death of a parent, divorce, etc. Through your interviews and data collection, you realize that the issue of abandonment is a very pow& for them. Naturally, you would want to use EMDR to clean out any past experiences connected to abandonment. However, you should anticipate that situations involving future separation will need to be addressed. How will they react when their spouse goes on a business trip? The conceptualization around this theme alerts you and the client to be aware of these issues. Also, it can be very helpfull in your couples work. Take the example of the spouse that gets upset about over his wife's upcoming business trip. (Knowing that sometimes the upset shows itself prior to the trip and sometimes it is only after they return that the spouse feels punished). Without knowledge of these underlying schemas and life themes, the wife might interpret the husband's upset as a result of jealousy at her success, fear of her growth, and as being a part of his controlling nature. With these interpretations, her anger and frustration would be understandable. How differently might she respond if she saw his difficulty in her leaving as reflecting his fear of losing her and being abandoned once again. Might this interpretation allow both of them to respond in ways helpful to the relationship? With this brief background, let me present a case and show you how these issues fit together and how by conceptualizing the case accurately I was able to provide better treatment. After if I finish this presentation, I want to open the floor to your comments and questions. I would then like to propose that we take the remaining time for you to present your own cases that illustrate either the usefulness of the conceptualization you did or the problems you ran into when you didn't. Case # 1 Case discussion. Case presentations and discussion by participants.

Keywords: Conceptual Issues

Accuracy Verified: Yes

54. Rothschild, B. (2003, May). Beyond the model: Creating techniques from theory. Psychotherapy in Australia, 9(3), 36-40.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The following two cases are excerpted from Babette Rothschild’s newly published book 'The Body Remembers Casebook: Unifying Methods and Models in the Treatment of Trauma and PTSD' (W.W. Norton 2003). The first case advocates creative adaptation of learned methods, in this case EMDR. The second demonstrates the importance of regulating hyperarousal and halting flashbacks to facilitate increased client self-control and clear thinking. Both cases illuminate Rothschild’s principle of applying creative common sense to theory. The result is safer trauma therapy and interventions specially tailored to suit the specific needs of individual client situations.

Keywords: Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

55. Laliotis, D. (2008, December). Beyond trauma: EMDR for everyday issues. Presentation at the National Institute for the Clinical Application of Behavioral Medicine Annual Conference, Hilton Head, SC.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Twenty years ago, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) began as a clinical technique used to help clients reprocess major traumatic experiences. Since then, EMDR has developed into a comprehensive psychotherapy approach which is also being used to treat low self-esteem, relationship difficulties, and performance issues not connected to major trauma but rather to early experiences that have not been adequately processed and integrated by the brain. This workshop is an introduction to the Eight-Phase Model of EMDR with an emphasis on how these early memories are powerful contributors to a person's current difficulties. Participants will learn through direct experience how present triggers can activate these earlier associations that inform our feelings, thoughts and behaviors. Through lecture, discussion, and videotape of actual cases, participants will gain an appreciation of EMDR as a comprehensive treatment approach and learn how it can be applied to a broad range of clinical issues with lasting results.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

56. Laliotis, D. (2010, April/May). Beyond trauma: Rebuilding the self with EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR Canada, Toronto, Ontario.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Clients who present with life-long relationship problems and serious self-esteem issues often have pervasive developmental deficits that manifest as attachment and/or character disorders. While EMDR is an efficient treatment, addressing the early life experiences that contribute to a client’s ongoing difficulties is more than just reprocessing the nodal events of childhood; it is about generating corrective experiences of self in relationship with others. Participants will learn how to use EMDR to facilitate the uncoupling of negative core beliefs and core affects from positive, more adaptive aspects of self that have been depressed, dissociated, or otherwise undeveloped. To this end, clinicians will learn how to actively utilize the client’s emergent experience of self within the context of EMDR processing using an expanded repertoire of cognitive interweave strategies. Materials will be presented through lecture and videotape of actual continuous clinical cases as well as a large group discussion format in which participants will be able to discuss their own cases with the presenter. (All Levels)

Keywords: Rebuilding Self

Accuracy Verified: Yes

57. Klaus, P. (2005, June). Birth trauma - Causes, effects, methods to heal: An EMDR approach. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Brussels, Belgium.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Events at birth are traumatic and create feelings of powerlessness when they are actually or appear life-threatening to self or loved ones, are sudden, change quickly from "normal" to dangerous without explanation, and when the situation appears overwhelming. There is no time to prepare, no way to plan an escape or to prevent something from happening. A number of events during labor or birth such as unplanned interventions, serious problems in the mother, physical damage, a sick infant, and separation from the baby can be classified as traumatic. Major trauma for a woman occurs in childbirth when she has inordinate fear and is in a situation where she has no control. Other aspects of trauma are more subjective and relate to how a woman is treated and how she perceives the experience, often causing humiliation and stigma. Trauma during the prenatal period can affect the parents' perception of the baby, their own self-concept, their relationship, and can impair bonding and attachment. Early trauma can have both immediate and long-range effects on the parents and the infant and may create later in the adult psychological and somatic conditions and a negative self-concept. Equally important is the history the parents bring to this event as well as the quality of their relationship. Birth is a magnet for unresolved issues to emerge. Clinicians will learn about the causes and effects of these early traumas as well as methods, including EMDR to uncover, resolve, and heal them.

Keywords: Birth Defects

Accuracy Verified: Yes

58. Klaus, P. (2007, June). Birth trauma: Causes, effects, methods to heal with EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Clinicians will gain an understanding of the types of events that create psychological and physiological distress and trauma both at birth and afterward. Many conditions have their origin during this early period where generational messages as well as traumatic events surrounding birth and the early period of life can have negative effects. Participants will learn methods to work within the infant mind/body memory to retrieve early trauma and the subsequent events that reinforced it as well as facilitate healing through the life path of the individual. Clinicians can benefit by recognizing the elements that influence these situations, and with EMDR and other adjunctive techniques learn to resolve these very early experiences to help clients reach a higher level of adaptation for health. Objectives: 1.Identify the characteristics of traumatic or negative birth experiences. 2.Recognize the risk factors that affect the birth and can be projected onto the infant. 3.Identify the effects of early trauma on parent-infant relationships, bonding, the marital relationship, and on the infant. 4.Learn about long-term psychological and somatic sequelae of perinatal trauma on the adult individual. 5.Describe, demonstrate, and practice psychotherapeutic methods with EMDR to help resolve and heal these experiences.

Keywords: Birth Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

59. Epstein, L. (2009, April 18). The body and attachment: Sensorimotor interventions to enhance EMDR effectiveness in the treatment of developmental disorders. Presentation at the Western Massachusetts EMDRIA Conference "EMDR and the Body," Amherst, MA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop will teach participants some ways to perceive, articulate and process developmental injuries manifest in the body. Participants will learn to "read" the body for negative beliefs, to evoke the negative cognition by a combination of directed mindfulness and bilateral stimulation and to enhance the processing and installation of resources by interweaving somatic elements with EMDR.

Keywords: Developmental Disorders Developmental Injuries Sensimotor Interventions

Accuracy Verified: Yes

60. Fisher, J. (2007, September 29). The body as a shared whole: Somatic interventions for working with trauma and dissociation. Presentation at the Quarterly Meeting Program of The New England Society for the Treatment of Trauma and Dissociation.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
To stabilize overwhelming symptoms, integrate memories, and overcome the terror of intimacy, traumatized clients must establish sufficient safety in the body that they do not continue to recreate the unsafe world of childhood. Otherwise, the “child in the nightmare” from decades ago remains lost in time, demoralized by internal critics and terrified by the threats of hypervigilant internal protectors. Because the body is the container for all past and present experience and for all parts of the self, somatically oriented approaches can address the intense and often baffling reactions of these patients in a way that is both simple and effective. This workshop will demonstrate bodyoriented interventions for working with traumatized and dissociative patients drawn from Sensorimotor Psychotherapy and easily integrated into EMDR, IFS, and traditional talking therapies. Through the use of lecture, videotape, and demonstration, participants will have the opportunity to observe somatically informed solutions to a number of common clinical challenges encountered in trauma treatment. Capitalizing on recent advances in the research on attachment and trauma, the workshop will also provide a context for understanding how to use the therapeutic relationship to provide a safe “container” for both patient and therapist in the challenging work of trauma treatment.

Keywords: Dissociation Somatic Interventions Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

61. Staff. (2005, January 27). Body over mind - A new book by an area author looks at how our memories cause physical pain--and what can be done about it. New Haven, CT: The New Haven Advocate, Lifestyle, [2 pages].

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
The quest to solve this riddle of her early life is one that Scarf explores through some cutting-edge mind/body therapies that have been successful in pinpointing and alleviating painful memories. Two of these are the EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) therapy, and the PBSP (Pesso Boyden System Psychomotor) approach. EMDR was the accidental finding that emotional distress could be alleviated by rapid back and forth eye movements, a kind of rhythmical "eye-tracking" that tapped into some neuro-physiological place within the body that actually relieved pschological pain. PBSP was the group dynamic that involved support through role playing and acting out a trauma.

Keywords: General New Haven Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

62. Korman, S. (2007, June). Body-based interventions for self-reguation and resourcing in the treatment of complex trauma. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In the clinical treatment of complex trauma, it is important to evaluate a patient’s readiness for trauma processing. This includes recognizing a clinical presentation of complex trauma and an understanding of it etiology. Additionally, it is imperative to understand the effects of trauma on the body system. Pre-mature trauma processing can serve to symptomatically worsen a pervasive pattern of systemic dysregulation. Prior to successful trauma processing, a patient must be able to maintain dual attention, regulate their affect, and tolerate the experience of affective state change. Body-based resourcing and regulatory skills can be utilized by the clinician to increase a patient’s ability to tolerate and more fully integrate pre-frontal lobe cognitive activity with the emotional and sensory experiences resultant of trauma. Strategies from many modalities, such as Dialectic Behavior Therapy, Mindfulness Practices and EMDR Resourcing can be taught to and practiced by the client in preparation for successful regulated integration of traumatic memory.

Keywords: Complex PSTD Creativity Mind/Body Resourcing Self Regulation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

63. Leeds, A., & Mosquera, D. (2012, October). Borderline personality disorder and EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Arlington, VA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
BPD patients present difficulties with self-regulation and relating to others. The management of these difficulties is central to the treatment of BPD. Working with cases of BPD and complex trauma is intrinsically relational, often involving the need to manage moments of intense affect and affect phobias in the transference and countertransference. Understanding and having strategies for addressing these issues is essential. This workshop integrates theoretical exposition with the presentation of videos cases. The general structure of EMDR therapy in treating BPD and interventions for the preparation phase and considerations for trauma-focused EMDR work will be demonstrated and explained.

Keywords: Borderline Personality Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

64. Lendl, J. (2001, June). Brain performance and possible EMDR intervention. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Austin, TX.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will: 1) be able to identify functions and problems of several brain areas; 2) be able to identify sepcific targets for suggested EMDR interventions; and 3) learn when to refer for possible brain scan.

Keywords: Brain Performance Brain Scan SPECT

Accuracy Verified: Yes

65. Lendl, J. (2000, September). Brain performance and possible EMDR intervention. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Toronto, Ontario Canada.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will: 1) be able to identify functions and problems of several brain areas; 2) be able to identify the specific targets for suggested EMDR interventions; and 3) learn when to refer for possible brain scan.

Keywords: Brain Performance Brain Scan

Accuracy Verified: Yes

66. Rost, C. (2010, June). Bridging the gap between stabilisation and trauma confrontation. Pre-conference presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
When processing trauma material during the EMDR session, we often see the spontaneous appearance of resource material. This helps patients to come to terms with the traumatic memory. With complex traumatized patients, this material appears far less frequently, and the EMDR process can be much harder. We can support the process by activating specific resources, both before and during the EMDR session.
During this workshop, specific resource techniques will be presented and practiced which can help to stabilize complex traumatized patients and which can also be combined with the EMDR standard protocol: Position of Power, Power Animal, Body Resource, CIPOS, and a protocol for early childhood memories.

Keywords: Body Resource CIPOS Position of Power Power Animal

Accuracy Verified: Yes

67. Emard, P. (1995, June). A brief look at MRI brief therapy. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The MRI approach to brief therapy originated out of the serendipitous coming together of several incredibly creative minds that resulted in a form of psychotherapy in which the major goal was to make psychotherapy more efficient and more effective. It evolved out of research project on communication begun by anthropologist Gregory Bateson that soon involved the work of hypnotherapist Milton H. Erickson and psychiatrist Don Jackson. John Weakland, Jay Haley, Paul Watzlawick and Richard Fisch began to publish the ideas that resulted fiom the early research findings and in doing so developed a particular set of assumptions about the formation and resolution of human problems that differed significantly from traditional treatment models of the time. Further refinements through the clinical application of these methods resulted in a model of treatment that was a pioneer of the brief psychotherapy movement. It is based on a non-normative and non-pathological way of viewing people with problems; it looks at people in the context of their living situations; it resists the idea of client resistance, it places great emphasis on the use of language; and it seeks to amplify client assets and resources and minimize client liabilities and shortcomings. Brief therapists assume a willingness to be an active change agent for the benefit of their clients. They accept responsibility for creating an atmosphere of respect, patience, and creativity in which clients can find alternative ways to think and behave. They believe they have a set of tasks to perform that will hopefully result in the resolution or, as a minimum, the diminishment of the problem situation for which the client originally sought help. These tasks consist of a combination of ways of thinking and acting that are designed to increase the likelihood that the client will experience relief from a painful problem. One of the main tasks for a brief therapist is to find ways to construe the problems presented by the client so that a solution can be found. Brief therapists inquire into the interactional systemic aspects of a problem, the context or environment in which the problem occurs, the people involved in the problematic situation, and the ways the client has attempted to resolve the problem thus far. Another very important task is to identify and gain access to the persons who are the most interested in and willing to work toward changing the problem situation. The idea here is to spend the bulk of the therapeutic time and effort working with the person who is most invested in the change process. Brief therapists find ways to appeal to this person's values and belief systems so that (s)he will engage in activities and/or alter her/his behavior in ways that are likely to change the problem situation. A third task on which brief therapists concentrate is the establishment of clear, concrete, and doable goals of treatment. They collaborate with the client to determine what the client hopes to gain from treatment and when the client will know she is ready to handle life on his/her own, this assumes an emphasis on the client's present and the possibilities for the client's future rather than his/her past. The fourth task brief therapists focus on is the development of ways of intervening in the way the presenting problem is being handled in the present time. This is based on the central assumption that one of the main goals of psychotherapy is to induce clients to change the way a problem is handled. Such intervening is the result of thoughtful and careful consideration of many factors surrounding the problem situation and involves the use of a variety of skills. A final task for the brief therapist is to find ways to remove him/herself from the client's life in such a way that the client has faith in her/his own ability to function effectively without the therapist. This treatment model offers clinicians an opportunity to work in positive, goal-directed ways that clients find helpful and therapists find challenging and satisfying. It calls upon clinicians to develop keen observation skills, the ability to see things fiom a variety of perspectives, and an appreciation for the vast resources clients bring with them to therapy. While it is a simple model of treatment, it is by no means an easy one to master. It requires clinicians to step outside their usual frames of reference in the pursuit of creative solutions to difficult human problems. It rewards them with a greater sense of accomplishment and increased client satisfaction. In the ever-changing world of mental health, this is no small achievement.

Keywords: MRI Brief Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

68. Waters, F. S., Potgieter, R., & Yehuda, N. (2011, November). But they are too young to be traumatized!. Presentation at the 28th annual meeting of the International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation, Montreal, Quebec.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
All too often it is assumed that infants or young children are too young to remember frightening, painful, and confusing experiences, and therefore will not suffer harm because they are too young to be traumatized. Clinical experience; however, as well as research on neurobiology of trauma, child development, and attachment, tell a different story. While very often not verbalized, overwhelming early experiences are nonetheless remembered implicitly. As such they tend to find expression in a myriad of debilitating emotional and somatic symptoms across a persons life span; even into adulthood. Understanding how early trauma can affect the child developmentally, and how it might be expressed, is crucial not only to clinicians treating children but also to those working with adults. It is through understanding early traumatic markers and the subtle, often coded signs, sometimes rooted as far back as infancy, that one can begin the process of untangling these symptoms and freeing the individual from a lifetime of pain, suffering, and failed relationships. This workshop will examine the types of early traumamedical, severe neglect, all forms of abuse, disrupted attachmentand how these traumatic experiences impact the young child from birth to five years. The signs and symptoms of traumatized and dissociative children, as well as available research on the topic will be described, along with case examples. The need for careful interpretation of often convoluted and subtle symptoms will be explained. Accurate interpretation of a childs presentation relies on understanding the neurobiology of trauma and dissociation. That, as well as understanding the impact on child development and attachment is crucial for effective intervention. Strategies such as Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) and involvement of caregivers in the therapy will be described. Videoed sessions and artwork describing the young traumatized child's inner world and recovery process will augment the presentation.

Keywords: Children Infants

Accuracy Verified: Yes

69. Holmes, E. A., James, E. L., Coode-Bate, T., & Deeprose, C. (2009). Can playing the computer game “Tetris” reduce the build-up of flashbacks for trauma? A proposal from cognitive science. PLoS ONE, 4(1): e4153. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0004153 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Background. Flashbacks are the hallmark symptom of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Although we have successful treatments for full-blown PTSD, early interventions are lacking. We propose the utility of developing a ‘cognitive vaccine’ to prevent PTSD flashback development following exposure to trauma. Our theory is based on two key findings: 1) Cognitive science suggests that the brain has selective resources with limited capacity; 2) The neurobiology of memory suggests a 6-hr window to disrupt memory consolidation. The rationale for a ‘cognitive vaccine’ approach is as follows: Trauma flashbacks are sensory-perceptual, visuospatial mental images. Visuospatial cognitive tasks selectively compete for resources required to generate mental images. Thus, a visuospatial computer game (e.g. “Tetris”) will interfere with flashbacks. Visuospatial tasks post-trauma, performed within the time window for memory consolidation, will reduce subsequent flashbacks. We predicted that playing “Tetris” half an hour after viewing trauma would reduce flashback frequency over 1-week.
Methodology/Principal Findings. The Trauma Film paradigm was used as a well-established experimental analog for Post-traumatic Stress. All participants viewed a traumatic film consisting of scenes of real injury and death followed by a 30-min structured break. Participants were then randomly allocated to either a no-task or visuospatial (“Tetris”) condition which they undertook for 10-min. Flashbacks were monitored for 1-week. Results indicated that compared to the no-task condition, the “Tetris” condition produced a significant reduction in flashback frequency over 1-week. Convergent results were found on a clinical measure of PTSD symptomatology at 1-week. Recognition memory between groups did not differ significantly. Conclusions/Significance. Playing “Tetris” after viewing traumatic material reduces unwanted, involuntary memory flashbacks to that traumatic film, leaving deliberate memory recall of the event intact. Pathological aspects of human memory in the aftermath of trauma may be malleable using non-invasive, cognitive interventions. This has implications for a novel avenue of preventative treatment development, much-needed as a crisis intervention for the aftermath of traumatic events.

Keywords: Flashbacks Tetris

Accuracy Verified: Yes

70. Shapiro, R., Hofmann, A., & Grey, E. (2013). Case consultation: Unremitting depression. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 7(1), 39-44. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.7.1.39.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Case Consultation is a new regular feature in the Journal of EMDR Practice and Research. In this article, an eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) clinician briefly describes a challenging case in which a man, “George,” was referred for EMDR for treatment of a depression that began more than 2 years previously. After all his reported traumatic memories were completely processed with EMDR, George remains severely depressed and the therapist asks how to proceed effectively with treatment. Responses are written by three experts. The first expert, Robin Shapiro, describes a comprehensive list of possible etiologies, including attachment, early trauma, genetic, and other biological causes and their appropriate EMDR, ego state, or medical treatments. The second expert, Arne Hofmann, reviews the treatment that was provided and makes suggestions for alternate treatment targets, suggesting that the therapist could address the client’s belief that “nothing will change” and try the EMDR inverted protocol. The third expert, Earl Grey, recommends that the clinician focus on addressing small “t” traumas, even if the client indicates that he or she has little to no disturbance and explains how to develop and implement a “restorative life span target sequence.”

Keywords: Consultation Depression Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

71. Boore, J. (1993, Fall/Winter). Case history: A client unable to track. EMDR Network Newsletter, 3(2), 17-18.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
I recently worked with a woman in her early forties who, for the better part of our sessions, could not track my moving fingers. She presented as highly distraught and reported that her husband of 14 years had just left the marriage the week before our session. This woman, who has been a therapist for nearly two decades, wandered distractedly about my office, touching things, and barely able to speak. She has no known medical problems, other than myopia, and takes no meciications. I had used EMDR with her six months earlier on her fear of flying with no noticeable (to me) tracking difficulty, although she commented on how difficult tracking was for her then.

Keywords: Case Report Tracking

Accuracy Verified: Yes

72. Mackey, C. (2008年10月). Case study of psychological treatment including EMDR for a PTSD associated with witnessing a fatal accident 目击致命意外的PTSD患者的心理治疗(包括EMDR)个案研究(英文)]. 論文發表在第五屆世界心理治療大會論，北京，中國 [Presentation at the 5th World Congress for Psychotherapy, Beijing, China].

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Presented in English
Treatment interventions were offered within a cognitive-behavioural framework and included psychoeducation and Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprogramming.

治疗是在以认知行为疗法，内含的心理教育和眼动脱敏再加工疗法的框架下进行的…

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Vicarious Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

73. Greenwald, R. (2001, December). Celia’s capsule and Robin’s two hands. EMDRIA Newsletter, 6(Special Edition), 18-20.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
This past year, I've learned of two EMDR-related interventions which I've wanted to try and work into my repertoire. I have been aware of Robin Shapiro's "Two Hand Interweave" technique (Shapiro, 2000, in this issue) for some times, and have had good luck with in on several occasions. Basically this entails holding one side of a conflict in each hand and concentrating on that while doing eye movements. This seems to engage the body and mind in a unique manner, which is within the reach of clinicians who may not feel comfortable with more dramatic movement therapy formats. More recently I learned of Celia Naccarato's "Capsule" intervention (Naccarato, 2000, in this issue), a cross between an interweave and guided visualization. The indication for this intervention is physical pain, which arises during EMDR and then does not resolve. It entails putting herself in a capsule, swallowing the capsule, and then inside the capsule going to the site of the pain. Once there, she is asked to describe what she sees, and then what she wants to do about it. Then she does it. The intervention ends when the client has come back out and returned to normal size.

Keywords: Capsule Two-Hand Interweave

Accuracy Verified: Yes

74. McGowan, I., McLaughlin, D., Miller, P., & Paterson, M. (2010, April). Cessation of suicide related behaviour following EMDR. Presentation at the 2nd Bi-Annual International European Society for Trauma and Dissociation Conference, Belfast, Northern Ireland .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract: Deliberate self harm (DSH) and suicidal behaviour are major public health issues. It is estimated that DSH costs around £40 million pounds annually in addition to the incalculable human cost. The aim of the presentation is to highlight on- going work exploring the relationship between trauma and suicide related thoughts and behaviour. Utilising a case series approach the presentation will build upon previous work by the presenters. It report a number of cases in which suicidal behaviour and thoughts have ceased following treatment of a trauma related presentation using Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing. The paper will conclude that suicidal behaviour is related to previous trauma and that by resolving the initial trauma the potential for suicidal behaviour including DSH is greatly diminished or disappears.
Learning Outcomes By the end of the session participants will be able to: • discuss the relationship between trauma and suicidal behaviour, • discuss the potential of using trauma focused interventions in treating suicidal behaviour

Keywords: Suicide

Accuracy Verified: Yes

75. Allen, J. G. (2003). Challenges in treating post-traumatic stress disorder and attachment trauma. Current Women’s Health Reports, 3, 213–220.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Treating women suffering from trauma poses significant challenges. The diagnostic prototype of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is based on single-event trauma, such as sexual assault in adulthood. Several effective cognitivebehavioral treatments for such traumas have been developed, although many treated patients continue to experience residual symptoms. Even more problematic is the complex developmental psychopathology stemming from a lifetime history of multiple traumas, often beginning with maltreatment in early attachment relationships. A history of attachment trauma undermines the development of capacities to regulate emotional distress and thereby complicates the treatment of acute trauma in adulthood. Such complex trauma requires a multifaceted treatment approach that must balance processing of traumatic memories with strategies to contain the intense emotions this processing evokes. Moreover, conducting such treatment places therapists at risk for secondary trauma such that trauma therapists also must process this stressful experience and implement strategies to regulate their own distress.

Keywords: Attachment Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

76. Burns, M. (2009, March). The challenges of using EMDR with refugee and asylum seeking children/adolescents. Symposium conducted the 7th annual Conference of the EMDR UK & Ireland Association, Manchester, UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This paper discusses the use of EMDR with refugee and asylum seeking children and adolescents using clinical case examples and shares the clinician’s own personal reflections on the lessons learned. The challenges of working with this group are explored drawing on research findings as well as the clinician’s experiences. Language and cultural differences can act as barriers to assessing children’s mental health or their suitability for EMDR even though in some cases it might be thought of as the treatment of choice. Working with Interpreters is often a key feature of this therapeutic work. The challenges are discussed with direct reference to The British Psychology Society’s recently published guidelines. There are ongoing stresses for these children and young people associated with displacement and their current situation in the UK. These stresses contribute to their psychological distress. Fear of being sent home or mistrust may also prevent them from providing full and accurate information hindering the clinician from obtaining an accurate assessment or trauma history. The importance of good therapeutic skills as the basis of an EMDR Approach is highlighted drawing upon a host of interventions (behavioural, physical, cognitive and motivational) to support clients in building up their own resources so that they can manage their distress between sessions. The therapist’s role in managing expressed emotions within the sessions is examined, not forgetting the impact of this on the therapist.

Keywords: Adolescents Asylum Children Refugees Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

77. Inoue, N., Nawa, J., Katoh, T., & Shirakawa, M. (2010, July). Changes in personality functioning over the course of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing trauma therapy: Findings on the early changes. Poster presented at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Objective: Although eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is said not only to reduce trauma-related symptoms but also to enhance ability to function in life, its effectiveness in other than reducing trauma-related symptoms has yet to be verified. The objective of this study was to explore the broad range of effectiveness of EMDR, especially changes in the personality functioning during the early phase of treatment. Methods: Using the non-randomized design, we assessed and compared the treatment changes in subjects treated with EMDR and subjects who participated in the psycho-education course of trauma. Eligible subjects were adult women who experienced human-caused trauma such as domestic violence, rape, or childhood abuse. The Rorschach Comprehensive System (CS) was used as the first outcome measure to evaluate personality functioning, and self-report questionnaires and a clinical interview for trauma-related symptoms were used as the secondary outcome measures. Subjects of both groups were assessed at the time of enrollment in the study and 4 months after the enrollment. We completed the evaluation of 5 and 6 subjects in the EMDR and the control group, respectively. Results: The CS index for self-esteem and self-concern was improved in the EMDR sample compared with the controls. Women treated with EMDR showed increased openness to internal and external stimuli (assessed by CS F%), whereas some women in the control group even developed a tendency to avoid internal and external stimuli after 4 months. Conclusion: The differences of early changes in personality functioning between the EMDR group and the controls will be discussed in detail.

Keywords: Changes in Personality Functioning Poster

Accuracy Verified: Yes

78. Wesselmann, D. (2013, April). Changing the lives of children with reactive attachment disorder behaviors through EMDR treatment. Keynote presented at the Congress EMDR Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Many children exhibit severe and challenging behaviors such as aggressive outbursts, arguing and defiance, lying, stealing, and sexualized behaviors due to very early life relational trauma. EMDR Integrative Team Treatment involves family therapy and EMDR. With intervention from family therapy and EMDR Attachment Resource Development, parents can provide better emotional support, allowing their children to open up emotionally. As the EMDR therapist implements therapeutic attunement, storytelling, empowerment interweaves, and role-plays, hurt children can find healing and hope. Videos will supplement this presentation.

Keywords: Children Reactive Attachment Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

79. Brand-Wilhelmy, B., Irmler, D., Adam, H., Lucas, T., Moller, B., & Riedesser, P. (2002). Child refugees in Europe: Guidelines on the psychosocial context, assessment of and interventions for traumatised children and adolescents. ECRE.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
This Good Practice Guide is part of a set of three Guides that have been developed by ECRE member agencies active in the field of reception and integration of refugees. The Guides cover educational advice to refugees, working with older refugees, and assisting traumatised childrefugees. They represent the culmination of two years’ work of thematic networks in these areas, where practitioners have discussed and developed the guiding principles that should underpin work with asylum seekers and refugees. Networking activities have also enabled the lead agencies to identify examples of good practice across Europe, and all these findings are presented in the Guides.

Keywords: Adolescents Children Refugees

Accuracy Verified: Yes

80. Monahan, K., & Forgash, C. (2012, March). Childhood sexual abuse and adult physical and dental health outcomes. In E. A. Kalfoğlu & R. Faikoglu (Eds.), Sexual Abuse - Breaking the Silence (pp. 137-152). Intechopen.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Along the same lines, evidence-based assessment and interventions must be in line with the finding of how significant the subjective impressions of sexual assault are for incarcerated older adults in treatment. A promising intervention that is being piloted in the criminal justice system with younger age groups is Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). EMDR specifically targets change in subjective units of distress among trauma survivors, particularly sexual abuse survivors, which in turn reduces post traumatic stress symptoms (Kitchiner, 2000). Moreover, previous research with incarcerated juvenile offenders shows that EMDR can work in reducing post traumatic stress reactivity resulting in less violent behavior and conduct problems among samples. Its utility for older adults, especially those with histories of sexual assault victimization and perpetration is perhaps a promising intervention. The use of evidence-based practices suggests that untreated trauma and grief are related to increased adult recidivism rates (Leach et al., 2008). Therefore, treating psychological distress and untreated symptoms effectively, which involves both screening and treatment that captures subjective experiences, may help to break the cycle of recidivism and in some case sexual offending. [Excerpt]

Keywords: Dental Health Physical Health

Accuracy Verified: Yes

81. Greenwald, R. (1997). Children's mental health care in the 21st century: Eliminating the trauma burden. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry On-Line.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Contemporary child mental health care is compared unfavorably to its medical counterpart, which offers prevention and early intervention in addition to treatment of symptoms. Child trauma, broadly defined., is characterized as a ubiquitous, under-treated, primary source of psychopathology. Traumatic experiences which remain unintegrated accumulate as a trauma burden, leading to reactivity and impairment. Two recently developed trauma-focused interventions atre described: critical incident stress debriefing (CISD) and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Combined with screening and early identification of traumatized children, CISD and EMDR can be used economically for widespread elimination of the trauma burden.

Keywords: Children Mental Health Care Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

82. Greenwald, R. (1995, June). Children-case presentations. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
One major limitation of EMDR is that it is an individual treatment modality. However, individual treatment of a child may be insuflicient, and broader interventions are often required. This is especially likely when environmental forces are unsupportive or in opposition to the healing process. This presentation will focus on the use of EMDR on several levels in child treatment, including individual treatment of traumatic memories, enhancing family support for healing, and addressing family obstacles to healing. Format will include lecture, vignettes, and a video case presentation of the EMDR treatment of a young girl who had been raped by a babysitter, along with the EMDR treatment of her older brother who bullied her. Assessment of child problems includes consideration of many factors. The focus here will be on the child's trauma history, and on the current family situation it pertains to treatment of the child's traumatic memories. Methods of assessment addressed here include interview of the child and the parent, observation of family interactions, and observation of the child's progress, both during and after EMDR treatment. A number of interventions are available to enhance or augment individual EMDR treatment of the child. Vignettes will be presented to illustrate the following interventions: referral to family therapy when successful EMDR highlighted the symptom's functional role; EMDR with a parent to reduce reactivity to the child; and prompting the parent(s) to produce statements and behaviors to be used later as content for installations. A challenging case will be presented in which a family, though motivated, demonstrated a number of behaviors which threatened to undermine the child's treatment. The family consisted of a single father in his late twenties, an eight year-old boy, and a seven-yearold girl. The presenting problem was the girl's ongoing post-traumatic symptoms, particularly nightmares and social withdrawal, some two years after having been raped by a babysitter. (the boy also had social and behavioral problems in school.) Unfortunately, the "lessons" of the girl's traumatic experience were frequently reinforced in the family context, through the brother's bullying of his younger sister, the father's complicity in the bullying, and the father's own tendency to be overly controlling and threatening. Treatment began with two family sessions and one with the father alone. The next three sessions were split to provide some individual time for each child as well as for the father. The seventh, final session included a family meeting and then some time for each individual. Work with the father was difficult and slow, as he was very defensive regarding his own possible contributions to his children's problems. Early interventions included delicate attempts to help the father understand the effect of his yelling and threatening - even though he was no longer in the habit of physically striking his children. Meanwhile, in part to enhance the therapeutic alliance, the primary focus was on direct treatment of the children. Some of this is shown on video. The girl was asked to draw a picture of her bad dream, and then to draw it "all better." She first drew a dark picture of a large man with fangs dripping blood. The next picture was of a nicer man on a sunny day. This activity was used as part of her introduction to the upcoming EMDR work. In the next session she agreed to do EMDR and completed processing in 25 minutes. The following session she indicated that the memory was no longer disturbing, and many of the symptoms had disappeared. She began to raise her next concern, by playing with a doll and a baby bottle, and complaining that she did not get to see her mother enough. Over the same three sessions the boy was also treated with EMDR for a number of relatively minor traumatic memories, including a car accident, the loss of two pets, and a vision of the devil. Despite apparently successfull processing, he was unable to conclude that he was a "good boy," due to evidence to the contrary: memories of his father's anger at him. Cognitive interweave was used to access a sense of inner goodness. The bullying behavior reportedly disappeared both at home and at school, and he also moved on, to express concerns about missing his mother. Treatment was interrupted due to a change in insurance coverage, so continued treatment and follow-up was not accomplished. This case illustrates some ways that EMDR can be enlisted to address aspects of the family context which may constitute obstacles to healing. The girl's brother was treated with EMDR to reduce his mistreatment of her; and the boy's sense of badness, largely gained by interaction with his father, was overcome by accessing internal resources in the absence of parental support. In conclusion, EMDR can play multiple roles in both the diagnosis and treatment of family obstacles to healing.

Keywords: Case Presentations Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

83. Zangwill, W., Kominksy, P., & Browning, C. (2003, September). Choosing the right EMDR for the right client at the right time: A systematic approach to more effective EMDR implementation. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Substantial variation exists in how, when, and with which clients' clinicians use EMDR. Some clinicians use EMDR early in their work with clients, others spend considerable time on affect management and resource development prior to using standard EMDR. Those in favor of more rapid implementation argue that for many clients' delays in starting EMDR is an unnecessary waste of time and resources. Other EMDR clinicians worry that clients may be harmed by undertaking EMDR processing without extensive prior stabilization. This workshop presents a systematic, comprehensive model to help EMDR clinicians best determine what factors to evaluate in deciding when and how to proceed.

Keywords: EMDR Implementation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

84. van Hoof, E. (2005, June). Chronic fatigue syndrome and EMDR, a favourable combination. In EMDR in the extreme, chronic fatigue and peak performance. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Brussels, Belgium.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a complex, sometimes controversial and often confusing condition characterized principally by persistent, unexplained physical and mental fatigue. Researchers and clinicians continue to debate many aspects of CFS. The influence of stress, in conjunction with infection, was introduced early on as a possible cause of chronic illnesses such as CFS.
Patients themselves often report that a virus combined with stress were the triggers of their illness. The etiology and pathophysiology of CFS will be clear to all attending the presentation as well as where and when EMDR should be applied in CFS.

Keywords: Chronic Fatigue Syndrome CFS Peak Performance Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

85. The Australian Psychological Society (2010, August). Clarification of evidence base for eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR). InPsych Bulletin .

Language: English

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
In the June edition of InPsych, an article summarising a recent APS review of evidence-based psychological interventions for mental health disorders did not sufficiently highlight the high level of evidence for the effectiveness of Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In particular, a summary table of psychological interventions with the highest level of research evidence (according to National Health and Medical Research Council criteria) should have prominently presented EMDR for the treatment of PTSD in the body of the table. As EMDR had not been systematically included in the review of psychological interventions, a footnote to the table stated the high level of efficacy of EMDR for PTSD. This oversight has been corrected in the online version of the InPsych article (www.psychology.org.au/publications/inpsych/2010/june/murphy/#s3) and a summary of the research evidence for EMDR from 19 randomised controlled trials will be included in a revision of the full evidence-based psychological interventions review document.

Keywords: Evidence Base

Accuracy Verified: No

86. Leeds, A. M., & Korn, D. L. (1998, July). Clinical applications of EMDR in the treatment of adult survivors of childhood abuse and neglect. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Baltimore, MD.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This paper was co-presented with with Deborah L. Korn, Psy.D. In my portion of this presentation I introduced Alan Schore's research on the neurobiological correlates of early trauma and abuse and with implications for treatment stragegy. The presentation covered the use of EMDR, Resource Development and Resource Installation methods across the entire treatment plan. Dr. Korn reviewed treatment principles and adaptations to the EMDR trauma protocol for this population.[Author abstract] Participants will learn how to: 1) apply specific EMDR protocols in each of the three strategies of recovery: stabilization and safety, trauma focused processing, and reconnection and identify development; 2) integrate ego strengthening strategies into a comprehensive EMDR based treatment plan for clients who have limited affect tolerance and self-capacities; 3) apply cognitive interweave strategies to address blocking beliefs and fears about the treatment process; and 4) use EMDR to address maladaptive schemas commonly seen in this population.[Conference Program Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Neglect Sexual Abuse Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

87. Figley, C. R., Carbonnell, J., Boscarino, J., & Chang, J. (1999, Summer). A clinical demonstration model for assessing the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions: An expanded clinical trials methodology. International Journal of Emergency Mental Health, 1(Part 3), 155-164 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Both the evaluation of current treatment interventions and the innovation of new ones are vital to maintaining a viable clinical profession. In the field of psychology, however, often there are serious challenges facing these worthy endeavors. This article reviews several problems and limitations with evaluation of innovative psychotherapy treatments in clinical practice and suggests a strategy to overcome these. This approach, which we term the "Systematic Clinical Demonstration Methodology" (SCDM), combines the skills of clinicians with the rigors of clinical trials methods and permits concurrent clinical innovation and scientific evaluation. Here we suggest that the SCDM approach allows innovative practitioners to assist in the development and evaluation of promising clinical interventions by working closely with clinical trials researchers. This allows innovative clinicians to demonstrate new treatment approaches, while clinical researchers evaluate the effectiveness and safety of these interventions using clinical trials methods that incorporate qualitative data. We suggest that this approach can result in the development and evaluation of new treatment innovations more quickly and cost effectively than traditionally has been the case. In addition, some limitations commonly associated with clinical trials, such as not treating patients typically found in clinical practice, failing to treat patients with multiple disorders, or treating patients from different cultural or sociodemographic groups, can be more effectively addressed. Our experiences with using this method to evaluate different psychotherapy treatments for PTSD are presented as an example of this new approach. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Brief Psychotherapy Methodology Neurolinguistic Programming NLP Outcomes Research Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Random Controlled Trials RCT Systematic Clinical Demonstration Methodology TFT Thought Field Therapy TIR Traumatic Incident Reduction Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

88. Parsonnet, L. (2003). Clinical interventions in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder. The Research Connection, 2, 3-4.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Keywords: Clinical Interventions Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PSTD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

89. Rhoads, J., Pearman, T., & Rick, S. (2007, October). Clinical presentation and therapeutic interventions for posttraumatic stress disorder post-Katrina. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 21(5), 249–256. doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2007.05.002.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
It has been almost 2 years since Hurricane Katrina struck the Gulf Coast. These 2 years can be characterized by constant struggle and pain as the people try to reattain some semblance of life as they knew it before Katrina struck. Some have chosen to leave their ancestral homes, homes where they were raised and where they, in turn, raised their own families. Those who did leave are able, in some way, to reestablish some semblance of normality, but those who stayed showed manifestations of and dealt with psychological trauma. These manifestations include regression, inattentiveness, aggressiveness, somatic complaints, irritability, social withdrawal, nightmares, and crying. Longer lasting effects may include depression, anxiety, adjustment disorders, and interpersonal or academic difficulties. These postdisaster manifestations can linger or remain hidden until well after the traumatic event and could persist for years. This article presents issues about the effects of Katrina on the mental health of the people of New Orleans. It discusses the profile of posttraumatic stress disorder and presents evidence-based review of interventions the health care provider can implement to care for thosewho continue to suffer the effects of this horrific disaster.

Keywords: Hurricanes Intervention Katrina Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

90. Sharpless, B. A., & Barber, J. P. (2011). A clinician’s guide to PTSD treatments for returning veterans. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 42(1), 8–15. doi:10.1037/a0022351.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
What options are available to mental health providers helping clients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)? In this paper we review many of the current pharmacological and psychological interventions available to help prevent and treat PTSD with an emphasis on combat-related traumas and veteran populations. There is strong evidence supporting the use of several therapies including prolonged exposure (PE), eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), and cognitive processing therapies (CPT), with PE possessing the most empirical evidence in favor of its efficacy. There have been relatively fewer studies of nonexposure based modalities (e.g., psychodynamic, interpersonal, and dialectical behavior therapy perspectives), but there is no evidence that these treatments are less effective. Pharmacotherapy is promising (especially paroxetine, sertraline, and venlafaxine), but more research comparing the relative merits of medication vs. psychotherapy and the efficacy of combined treatments is needed. Given the recent influx of combat-related traumas due to ongoing conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, there is clearly an urgent need to conduct more randomized clinical trials research and effectiveness studies in military and Department of Veterans Affairs PTSD samples. Finally, we provide references to a number of PTSD treatment manuals and propose several recommendations to help guide clinicians’ treatment selections.

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapy Psychopharmacology PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

91. Deacon, B. J., & Abramowitz, J. S. (2004, April). Cognitive and behavioral treatments for anxiety disorders: A review of meta-analytic findings. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 60(4), 429–441. doi:10.1002/jclp.10255.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Behavioral and cognitive psychotherapies are the most widely studied psychological interventions for anxiety disorders. In the present article, the results of ten years of meta-analytic studies on psychotherapies for the various anxiety disorders are reviewed and the relative effectiveness of cognitive and behavioral therapeutic methods is examined. Meta-analytic results support the effectiveness of combined cognitive and behavioral approaches for anxiety disorders. Pure behavioral therapies also are effective and appear to work as well as combined treatment for some disorders. Due to the small number of outcome studies involving pure cognitive treatments, reliable conclusions about the effectiveness of this approach cannot be offered. Additional theoretical and practical considerations are discussed. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 60: 429–441, 2004.

Keywords: Anxiety GAD Generalized Anxiety Disorder Meta-Analysis Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder OCD Panic Disorder Social Phobia Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

92. Makinson, R. A., & Young, J. S. (2012, April). Cognitive behavioral therapy and the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: Where counseling and neuroscience meet. Journal of Counseling & Development, 90(2), 131-140. doi:10.1111/j.1556-6676.2012.00017.x .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
There is increasing evidence to support the biological basis of mental disorders. Subsequently, understanding the neurobiological context from which mental distress arises can help counselors appropriately apply cognitive behavioral therapy and other well-researched cognitive interventions. The purpose of this article is to describe the neurobiological context underlying the formation and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorders, a mental disorder frequently encountered by counselors, from a cognitive therapy framework.
Recent changes to the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (2009) accreditation standards include the need for counselors-in-training to understand the neurobiological basis of behavior, which marks a new direction for the training of professional counselors who have historically reacted ambivalently toward medical models for understanding client concerns and treatments. Yet recent findings in neuroscience actually support the verbally based interventions that counselors typically use in treatment; therefore, there is much to be gained by counselors and counselor educators in understanding the basics of human neurobiology and how commonly used counseling interventions intervene on these biological systems. The National Institute of Mental Health (2010) stated in a recent strategic plan that “Important discoveries in areas such as genetics, neuroscience, and behavioral science largely account for the substantial gains in knowledge that have helped us to understand the complexities of mental illnesses and behavioral disorders over the past 15 years” (“Introduction,” para. 4).
Given the increasingly biological focus of mental health research, the practicing counselor is faced with the task of understanding and using the emerging mental health treatments and explaining to clients, to reimbursing agencies, and to the broader public how counseling fits within the medically dominated mental health culture. Some counselors have long reacted ambivalently toward the pathologically oriented diagnostic categories of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV;American Psychiatric Association, 1994) system and the medication-dominated world of psychiatry. For example, the contrasting viewpoints on this issue were published in the Journal of Counseling & Development between Allen and Mary Ivey (1998, 1999) and Scott Hinkle (1999). Ivey and Ivey (1998) argued for a developmental interpretation to the DSM-IV, opposing what they called the “pathological view” (p. 334) of the manual. According to Ivey and Ivey, disorders could be viewed through a positive development tradition to lie not within the individual but within the contextual systems in which a person lives. Subsequently, disorders are viewed as a “logical response to a developmental history” (Ivey & Ivey, 1999, p. 484). By contrast, Hinkle (1999) argued that because anxiety and depressive disorders “are the most common clinical symptoms associated with presentation to counseling” (p. 475), the counseling profession is weakened if counselors shy away from direct participation in the DSM nomenclature and treatment parlance. As Hinkle indicated, “mental disorders according to the medical model describe disease processes, not people” (p. 475). Regardless of the reader's philosophical perspective, practicing counselors know participation in medical and psychiatric systems is necessary at times. Also, recent discoveries in the field of neuroscience are providing evidence that interventions often used by counselors have direct physiological impact on client neurobiology (Kennedy et al., 2007; Linden, 2006). For example, Felmingham et al. (2007) demonstrated significant differences in brain activity before and after 8 weeks of exposure therapy, which correlated with a reduction in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity. Similarly, Paquette et al. (2003) found that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) alters the activation and metabolism of specific brain regions following successful treatment of spider phobia. These findings, along with others (for a detailed review, see Beauregard, 2007; Frewen, Dozois, & Lanius, 2008), are significant because they support the techniques, interventions, and approaches used by counselors and provide a mechanism by which counseling positively affects brain physiology. Within the emerging physiologically based treatment milieu, counselors should be prepared to articulate how cognitive counseling interventions make measurable changes to the client. Although cognitive-behavioral-based approaches are effective in the treatment of a number of psychiatric illnesses, adult PTSD is arguably one of the best understood mental disorders from a neurological perspective. It thus presents a valuable model for exploring not only the basic tenets of neurobiology but also the mechanisms behind its successful treatment. Furthermore, PTSD is a disorder that counselors will likely encounter in practice.
PTSD is a mental disorder characterized by a sudden onset of symptoms due to environmental exposure to a psychologically stressful event such as war, natural disaster, or sexual victimization. Thus, it provides a clear example of how, even in adulthood, neurological adaptation (in this case maladaptive changes) can functionally “rewire” the brain in a short period of time, resulting in a sustained array of clinical symptoms. The diagnostic criteria for PTSD are a history of exposure to a traumatic event meeting two criteria and symptoms from each of three symptom clusters: intrusive recollections, avoidant/numbing symptoms, and hyperarousal symptoms. A fifth criterion concerns duration of symptoms and a sixth assesses functioning (American Psychiatric Association, 2000).
The National Comorbidity Survey Replication, conducted between February 2001 and April 2003 (Kessler et al., 2005), determined that the estimated lifetime prevalence of PTSD among American adults is 6.8%, with women (9.7%) twice as likely as men (3.6%) to have the disorder at some point in their lives. These findings are very similar to those of the first National Comorbidity Survey conducted in the early 1990s (Kessler, Sonnega, Bromet, Hughes, & Nelson, 1995), which was composed of interviews of a representative national sample of 8,098 Americans ages 15 to 54 years. In this earlier sample, the estimated prevalence of lifetime PTSD was 7.8% in the general population. As in the more recent survey, women (10.4%) were more than twice as likely as men (5%) to have PTSD at some point in their lives (Kessler et al., 2005; Kessler et al., 1995).

Keywords: CBT Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Neurobiological Basis of Behavior Neurobiology Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

93. Makinson, R. A., & Young, J. S. (2012, April). Cognitive behavioral therapy and the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: Where counseling and neuroscience meet. Journal of Counseling & Development, 90(2), 131-140. doi:10.1111/j.1556-6676.2012.00017.x.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Keywords: CBT Cognitive Behavior Therapy Neuroscience Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

94. Harvey, A.G., Bryant, R. A., & Tarrier, N. (2003, May). Cognitive behaviour therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder. Clinical Psychology Review, 23(3), 501-522. doi:10.1016/S0272-7358(03)00035-7 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Following considerable empirical scrutiny, cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) has proven to be a safe and effective treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This article overviews the general principles of treatment and describes the components that comprise CBT for PTSD. We then move on to review the efficacy of CBT for the treatment of PTSD caused by various traumas, including assault, road traffic accident (RTA), combat, and terrorism. Recent advances in early intervention and in the treatment of disorders that are comorbid with PTSD are reviewed. Finally, future directions are discussed. In particular, it is proposed that randomised controlled trials (RCT) of CBT for PTSD must be conducted with enhanced methodological rigour and public health relevance. D 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Keywords: CBT Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

95. Otto, M. W., Penava, S. J., Pollack, R. A., & Smoller, J. W. (1996). Cognitive-behavioral and pharmacologic perspectives on the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder. In M. H. Pollack, M. W. Otto, & J. F. Rosenbaum (Eds.). Challenges in clinical practice: Pharmacologic and psychosocial strategies (pp. 219-260). New York: Guilford Press.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
The following sections consider biologic and cognitive-behavioral perspectives on PTSD and strategies for its treatment. Pharmacologic strategies examined to date have included treatment with beta-adrenergic blockers and alpha-adrenergic agonists, benzodiazepines, antikindling agents, mood stabilizers, and various antidepressants. Exposure-based treatments have been included in a number of approaches to the disorder, but have received the most direct attention in cognitive-behavioral conceptualizations. Each of these interventions has the potential to change one aspect or a constellation of PTSD symptoms, and must be evaluated relative to the number of symptom domains that each affects. [Text, p. 222]

Keywords: Behavior Therapy Cognitive Therapy Drug Therapy Literature Review Neurobiology Psychopharmacology PTSD Stressors Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

96. Oglesby, C., Foster, S., Sime, W., North, T. C., & Lendl, J. (1999). Collaborative partnerships in sport psychology applications of EMDR: High performance and trauma recovery. Symposium conducted at the annual conference of the Association of the Advancement of Applied Sport Psychology, Banff, Alberta, Canada.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Clinicians who have grown to accept and support Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) have begun to diversify the types of trauma populations in which EMDR is applied. Psychology of injury researchers have suggested, on the basis of their work, that an exciting new direction in sport psychology is the implementation and testing of new interventions aimed at modifying risk factors for athletes. It has also been suggested that extant models of athletic injury may reasonably be re-interpreted to account for other traumatic stressors, additional to injury, in sport. EMDR may reduce stress and trauma reactions in sport participants. EMDR, however, has been developed as a clinical tool and there are limitations on entrance to training in the approach. There are myriad ways, however, in which valuable partnerships may be formed, among psychologists, sport psychologists, and educational sport psychology consultants to use EMDR on behalf of clients. This symposium, within its five sections, will report on many such collaborations. The following are the objectives of the session: (a) provide a brief overview of the research and theory base for EMDR and its use in performance work; (b) describe case reports of successful partnerships among EMDR-trained sport psychologists and variably trained professionals from sport performance.

Keywords: Performance Enhancement Sports Psychology Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

97. Barfoot, K. M., Casey, M. C., & Callaway, A. J. (2012, July). Combined EEG and eye-tracking in sports skills training and performance analysis. Presentation at the World Congress of Performance Analysis of Sport IX, University of Wooster.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The use of mobile EEG brainwave monitoring and eye-tracking recorded synchronously during the training of sports skills offers significant opportunities but creates challenges. Opportunities: ¨ Measuring neurocognitive activity and visual focus in real time which can be used to provide immediate feedback to the coach, in ‘real world’ settings, for optimising training protocols for the individual athlete. ¨ Use of sound output (‘sonification’) in proportion to EEG regions of interest as a neurofeedback mechanism for athlete self-training. ¨ Application of visualisation protocols and ‘EEG-driven’ PC games where game feedback based on state of mind is used to optimise mental state prior to performance. ¨ Examining the relationship between eye movement and neuro activity (e.g. saccades and gamma waves) and in athlete coaching interventions such as sports visual scanning strategies, Eye Movement Desensitisation & Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy, focussed relaxation, etc. Challenges: ¨ The recording of EEG during gross motor behaviour is subject to non-brain artefacts in the raw (time-domain) EEG, due to the much larger (than EEG) electrical voltages arising from muscle and eye movements. Practical approaches and signal processing (frequency domain spectrum) techniques to address these problems will be discussed. ¨ The synchronisation of data recorded on different types of equipment (e.g. EEG, eyetracker, video, sound, EMG, etc.) with different ‘clocks’ and diverse data formats is difficult – both in terms of time-stamping the original recordings across all the systems and playing them back synchronously for subsequent performance analysis. Progress on creating real-time data export methods which allow synchronous data recording and playback will be reported. Examples of studies carried out in archery, golf, motorsport, football and skiing will be discussed, with a focus on archery where: ¨ Measurements were taken from intermediate, county level, near elite and elite archers. ¨ Archery was chosen to demonstrate the real-time and in-situ quantification of neural activity compared with target-based measures of performance that archery provides, over a range of time-spans and skills. ¨ Results demonstrate that there are significant and measurable changes in EEG patterns during a shot with evidence suggesting that the patterns vary as a function of skill level, but not simply as a function of score. Significance of each of these studies for goal-directed learning and performance enhancement are discussed.

Keywords: EEG Eye Tracking Performance Analysis Sports Skills

Accuracy Verified: Yes

98. Cummings, N. A. (1999). Comment on L'Abate: Psychotherapist future shock. The Family Journal, 7(3), 221-223. doi:10.1177/1066480799073003.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
No abstract available.

Keywords: Commentary Computer Applications Computer Assisted & Programmed Distance Writing Interventions Oral Communication Preference to Traditional Talk-Oriented Techniques Therapeutic Processes Written Communication

Accuracy Verified: Yes

99. Khosropour, F., Ebrahiminejad, G. H., Salehi, M., & Farzad, V. (2012, April-May). Comparing the effectiveness of psychological debriefing, eye movement desensitization reprocessing, and imaginal exposure on treatment of chronic post-traumatic stress disorder. Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 19(2), 149-159 .

Language: Farsi (Iran)

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Background & Aims: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is considered as one of the most prevalent disorder during the life time and can negatively influence the individual, family and social relationships of patients, so, prevention and treatment of this disorder is highly important. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), psychological debriefing (PD), and imaginal exposure (IE) are some treatment methods, but there is controversy about long effects of these treatments, especially among chronic patients. Method: In a semi experimental study, a total of 54 adult male patients, based on Davidson scale and psychiatric diagnostic, were randomly selected, and then were divided into 3 equal therapy groups. All participants were evaluated before, after and 3 months after the treatment. Data were analyzed through the repeated variance and Duncan post-hoc tests. Results: Psychological debriefing and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing were better than imaginal exposure in relief of chronic post-traumatic stress disorder signs and remaining the effectiveness in three months follow-up. Conclusion: It is concluded that all of the above methods are effective on chronic post-traumatic stress disorder and the efficacy of the therapeutic techniques would be still in force even after 3 months. Considering the importance of psychological interventions, it is necessary that such methods be taught to psychologists so that they can use them after traumatic accidents.

Keywords: Imaginal Exposure Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychological Debriefing PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

100. Garsen, B. (2005). A comparison of post traumatic stress disorder treatment modalities for adolescents. California State University, Long Beach, CA. AAT 1426939.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to explore treatment modalities for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) for adolescents. This study examined current research on the treatment of PTSD by analyzing the content of books and articles written within the past 10 years. The study was a descriptive content analysis of currently used treatment modalities for PTSD. Data analysis involved a recursive process in which themes were identified and developed over numerous readings. The findings of this study indicated that PTSD symptomology was significantly reduced when adolescents were treated with cognitive behavioral methods. Controlled studies were located only for cognitive behavioral interventions. Pharmacological interventions were widely used to treat PTSD symptoms. However, there have been neither controlled nor open-label drug studies conducted regarding this population. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a promising new form of treatment that has yet to be examined in a rigorous manner. Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (CISD) sometimes exacerbated PTSD symptoms in this population. The results of the study indicated that more controlled research needs to be generated targeting adolescents with PTSD.

Keywords: Adolescents Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

101. Staff. (2000). Complex PTSD in children II: Therapeutic interventions. Cavalcade Productions, Inc., Nevada City, CA.

Language: English

Format: Video

Abstract:
In this video series, Bessel van der Kolk and other clinicians from The Trauma Center, along with therapists Joyanna Silberg and Frances Waters, describe the assessment tools and therapeutic approaches that they have found most useful in working the severely traumatized in children. The clinician's role in such cases often includes working with parents or guardians as well as children, and can extend far beyond the therapy room to encompass psychoeducation and advocacy. For children with complex PTSD, safety must be established both externally and internally. Maintaining internal safety can be an especially difficult task when the child is highly dissociative. The presenters discuss ground techniques that can help a child to stay safe and stable, and describe the therapeutic modalities "play, talk, art, and group therapy" that they have found useful. Topics include controlling aggression, accessing emotions, changing the trauma story, and using EMDR.

Keywords: Children Clinical Judgment Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Complex PTSD C-PTSD Intervention Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Therapeutic Processes Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

102. Herbert, C. (2012, October). Complex trauma: Road to psychiatric dysfunction or path toward posttrauma growth?. Keynote at the 4th Autumn EMDR Workshop Conference, Sheffield, UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Healthcare service providers, as well as, mental health practitioners, frequently associate the suffering of complex trauma with pathology, mental illness, personality disorders and severe psychiatric dysfunction. Clients are perceived as difficult to treat, interventions are guided by the nature of the psychiatric diagnosis and therapy focuses on crisis management and on helping clients to achieve reductions of symptoms that account for the psychiatric diagnosis. Although symptom reduction can be of great value and importance to sufferers, sole focus on this misses the great potential to engage a person in a transformative process that can lead to considerable inner strengthening, alignment and positive growth, as a result and in spite of their early traumatic experiences. This keynote introduces a shift in perspective away from the traditional focus on psychiatric dysfunction toward a model of positive growth for clients suffering from Complex Trauma and Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID). It is proposed that development of empathic empowerment of the individual toward greater personal authenticity, honesty, accountability and compassion can open the path toward posttrauma growth. However, in order to achieve such development specific parameters must be fulfilled. These parameters, which include therapist factors, the nature of the therapeutic relationship, an underlying therapeutic framework for working with complex trauma and the guiding principles and ingredients that nurture growth rather than dysfunction, will be outlined and illustrated through the use of client vignettes.

Keywords: Complex Trauma Posttraumatic Growth

Accuracy Verified: Yes

103. de Jongh, A., & ten Broeke, E. (2002, May). Conceptual framework for EMDR interventions. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Frankfurt, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

104. Allen, J., & Lewis, L. (1996, Spring). A conceptual framework for treating traumatic memories and its application to EMDR. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 60(2), 238-263.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
With burgeoning interest in trauma has come a proliferation of interventions for the treatment of intrusive memories. At this stage of development, uniformity of clinical practice in the trauma field is neither possible nor desirable. The literature suggests that a wide range of treatment interventions are effective. But diversity in practice does not preclude coherence in conceptualization. This article presents a general theoretical framework to provide clinicians and patients with a rationale for treating intrusive symptoms of PTSD. To illustrate the applicability of the framework, the authors critique Shapiro's recent theoretical explanation of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), an exemplary cognitive-behavioral approach to the treatment of trauma. EMDR merits careful theoretical reappraisal, because it has become a highly popular and seemingly effective technique that currently rests on an unsound neurobiological theoretical foundation. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Hallucinations Intrusive Thoughts Memory Impairment Neurophysiology Professional Criticism Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

105. Staff. (2000, September 2). Confronting the past. London, England: The Times, Features.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
From Dr Aulakh It may be that Andrew Ravensdale has had enough of "therapy" (The Last Taboo, August 19). However, he might be interested to learn about EMDR - Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing, first discovered by Francine Shapiro. It is a method for treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), specifically dealing with early childhood as it is known to affect the present, and also with flashbacks.

Keywords: General Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

106. Fernandez, I. (2010, June). The contribution of EMDR with children survivors of mass trauma. Keynote presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This paper describes the application of EMDR as an early trauma-focused treatment with children involved in mass disasters (natural disasters, accidents and intentionally provoked incidents).
EMDR treatment was part of a comprehensive treatment of the population and was the elective treatment for children of those elementary schools, which were most exposed to the traumatic events. In most cases, 3 cycles of EMDR treatment were organized at one month, three months and one year after the critical event. Individual sessions were used for the school children due to the serious exposure to trauma and grief including: threat to life, loss of friends and siblings.
Psychological support and EMDR treatment was provided to parents and school personnel, and this aspect has been considered fundamental in enhancing treatment results in children during the last interventions.
Results of questionnaires and clinical interviews to assess posttraumatic symptomatology before and after treatment will be shown along with follow up data. Treatment groups show a significant improvement after EMDR treatment. Results and statistical data regarding EMDR treatment with heavily traumatized children will be presented.
The author will discuss clinical aspects of using EMDR with children following recent traumas of great magnitude. Analysis and evaluation of children's reactions and needs have highlighted significant epidemiological aspects.
The posttraumatic stress reactions of this group in developmental age will be discussed. EMDR treatment for parents and other adults involved in the disaster has proven critical when dealing with children's symptomatology. Guidelines and indications for structured interventions with all parties involved (parents, school personnel, community) from our field studies will be presented.

Keywords: Children Keynote Mass Trauma Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

107. Karatzias, T., Power, K., Brown, K., McGoldrick, T., Begum, M., Young, J., Loughran, P., Chouliara, Z., & Adams, S. (2011, June). A controlled comparison of the effectiveness and efficiency of two psychological therapies for posttraumatic stress disorder: Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing vs. emotional freedom techniques. Journal of Nervous Mental Disease, 199(6), 372-378. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0b013e31821cd262.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The present study reports on the first ever controlled comparison between eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) and emotional freedom techniques (EFT) for posttraumatic stress disorder. A total of 46 participants were randomized to either EMDR (n = 23) or EFT (n = 23). The participants were assessed at baseline and then reassessed after an 8-week waiting period. Two further blind assessments were conducted at posttreatment and 3-months follow-up. Overall, the results indicated that both interventions produced significant therapeutic gains at posttreatment and follow-up in an equal number of sessions. Similar treatment effect sizes were observed in both treatment groups. Regarding clinical significant changes, a slightly higher proportion of patients in the EMDR group produced substantial clinical changes compared with the EFT group. Given the speculative nature of the theoretical basis of EFT, a dismantling study on the active ingredients of EFT should be subject to future research.

Keywords: EFT Emotional Freedom Technique Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

108. Hyer, L. A., Boudewyns, P. A., Peralme, L., Touze, J., & Kiel, A. (1995, June). Controlled treatment outcome study using EMDR on combat-related post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
After the status of PTSD was established, subjects were randomly assigned to one of three conditions; EMDR, exposure control (EC), and group (GT). Subjects in EMDR condition received at least five but no more than eight sessions of EMDR. EC condition subjects therapy procedure as the EMDR subjects but without the eye movements. Subjects in the GT condition received five to eight session of group therapy only. Outcome measures were at intervals; prior to therapy, immediately following therapy and at two follow-up periods. These include: (1) self report or interview-related psychological measures (Combat Exposure scale, MMPI-2 PTSD, Veterans Adjustment Scale (VETS), Mississippi Scale, Hamilton (Depression and Anxiety); (2) behavioral outcome measures (employment, treatment seeking behavior medication therapy, and re hospitalization rate); and (3) psychophysiological response measures (skin conductance, frontalis EMG, heart rate and blood pressure). The last measures involved a change measure in psychological arousal during exposure to tape recorded scripts depicting the patients' most traumatic combat memory. In addition to these pre-, post-, follow-up measures, measures (SUD, profile of mood scale (POMS), and impact of events scale (IOE) were taken at each therapy session. Early results on selected outcomes show differences in positive outcome between conditions POMS EMDR>GT (p<.01); IOE Avoidance, EMDR>GT (p<.04); IOE Intrusion, EMDR>GT(p<.03); Heart Rate, EMDR>GT (p<.04). Presently, there were no other significant differences between EMDR or EC. Trends, however suggest that EMDR may be superior to EC on several of the measures. These results indicate that EMDR may be producing greater reduction in the conditioned emotional response to traumatic memories in these patients, when compared to group therapy approach commonly used to treat these types of patients in a special VA treatment program.

Keywords: Combat Controlled Treatment Outcome Study Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

109. Medema, M. L. (2012). Coping styles in the treatment of traumatized refugees. Utrecht, Nederlands: Universiteit Utrecht.

Language: Dutch

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Which approach is most beneficial is yet unclear and Basoglu (2006) critiques this lack of progress in the field and pleas for empirically driven interventions on PTSD. To address this issue, Ter Heide is currently conducting a randomized trial to compare the efficacy of EMDR and stabilisation in a sample of of traumatized refugees and asylum seekers (hereafter the term refugees refers to both refugees and asylum seekers). The feasibility and acceptability of such a trial was demonstrated in a pilot study (Ter Heide, Mooren, Kleijn, De Jongh, & Kleber, 2011). To further counseling theory, research and practice, it should however also be examined “when” and “for whom” PTSD treatments are effective and therefore we should engage in research on moderators (Frazier, Tix & Barron; 2004). Hence, the present study examines the role ofcoping styles as possible moderators in EMDR and stabilistation treatment of traumatized refugees. This study attempts to add empirical value to the theoretical framework on the treatment of PTSD in refugees and this may also have clinical implications as to which treatment is more beneficial for which patients.

Keywords: Asylum Seekers Coping Styles Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Quality of Life Refugees Stabilisation Treatment Outcome

Accuracy Verified: Yes

110. de Jongh, A. (2005, June). Could EMDR be a promising treatment in the immediate aftermath of a traumatic incident?. In "EMDR in action." Part 2. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Brussels, Belgium.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Various studies have shown that the counselling routinely offered to people in the immediate aftermath of a traumatic incident seldom protects them from developing post-traumatic stress -and could even delay their recovery. On the other hand, clinical experience suggests that in many cases with the proper utilization of EMDR an almost spontaneous integration of perceptions of sensory input and the cognitive components of the experience takes place. Although controlled data about types of interventions. the optimal time to intervene or predictors of response and recovery are still lacking. within the organization D.O.E.N., providing critical incident stress management services in the Netherlands, there is broad experience in utilizing EMDR with clients who exhibit severe early symptoms following trauma and who need 'first-aid' treatment. EMDR treatment is generally started when there is no evidence of change or recovery within the course of 1 or 2 weeks. Since there is a tremendous unmet need, there is an important challenge to demonstrate in controlled research the advantages of EMDR for those who suffer from symptoms of acute stress, for example in emergency departments and/or the immediate aftermath of mass trauma. This presentation will focus on the rationale for early treatment with the use of EMDR. This approach is illustrated by segments of video taped treatment sessions of clients with symptoms of acute stress.

Keywords: Practice Symposium Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

111. Chard, K. M., & Gilman, R. (2005, August). Counseling trauma victims: 4 brief therapies meet the test. Current Psychiatry, 4(8). 50, 55-58, 61-62, 64.

Language: English

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
Therapists once believed trauma survivors required years of treatment, yet we now know that relatively brief cognitive-behavioral interventions can yield long-term gains in psychosocial and psychological function. Many psychiatric patients meet diagnostic criteria for PTSD, including: 33% of women experiencing sexual assault, 30% of male war veterans, and 30% of the 5 million U.S. children exposed to trauma each year. The authors offer recommendations on how to prepare traumatized adults and children for cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and discuss four tested models -- prolonged exposure (PE), cognitive processing therapy (CPT), eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), and stress inoculation training (SIT) -- that psychiatrists may find effective when treating PTSD. [Adapted from Text] [Pilots]

Keywords: Brief Psychotherapy Cognitive Therapy Exposure Therapy Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

112. Dattilio, F. (2001). Crisis intervention techniques for panic disorder. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 55(3), 388-405.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Panic disorder is estimated to affect more than 4% of the U.S. population. It is assumed that this incident rate increases during crisis situations. While the professional literature is replete with references on the treatment of panic disorders, few authors address the use of nondrug treatment in conjunction with crisis intervention. This article provides an overview of the latest nonpharmacologic interventions for panic along with a description of their effectiveness in reducing the onset of symptomatology as well as preventing relapse during crisis.

Keywords: Crisis Intervention Non-drug Treatment Panic dsiorder Nonpharmacological Interventions

Accuracy Verified: Yes

113. Greenwald, R. (1999, June). A crisis response approach for suicidal teens. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Las Vegas, NV.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In my current position as a clinical psychologist based on a hlgh school campus, I often have occasion to meet with adolescents who are suicidal, some having recently made suicidal gestures. Despite the complexity and variety of presenting issues, there is a set of more or less standardized steps to follow to ensure safety as well as appropriate follow-up. In this paper I present a case to illustrate how I have integrated EMDR. This approach to teen suicidality uses several elements of the motivation - anger - trauma therapy (MATT) approach for teens with conduct disorder, which has been described in detail elsewhere (Greenwald 1998, 1999, in press). In addition to the standard crisis interventions - letting the client talk out the problem, contracting for safety, implementing supports and restrictions as needed, and arranging follow-up - I have been using EMDR in various ways to enhance present safety as well as subsequent resiliency. For example: the Choices Have Consequences intervention (cited above, described below) helps the client to realize that self-harm leads to a poor outcome despite its initial appeal; the standard use of EMDR can help to reduce vulnerability to the type of stressor which led to the current crisis; and the Future Movies intervention (also cited above and described below) helps to create a more hopeful long-term perspective while enhancing coping skills.

Keywords: Adolescents Poster Suicide Teens

Accuracy Verified: Yes

114. Solomon, R. M. (2008). Critical incident interventions. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 2(2), 160-165. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.2.2.160.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
A response to the question: "I have been asked to respond to community tragedies. What critical incident interventions are commonly used?" [Adapted from Text, p. 160]. [Pilots]

Keywords: Critical Incident Critical Interventions Interventions Recent Events Stressors Survivors Victims Services

Accuracy Verified: Yes

115. Egli-Bernd, H. (2012, Januar). Das neue EMDR dialog‐protokoll, die kognitionen und ihre zentrale bedeutung bei der EMDR arbeit mit komplexen problemstellungen [The new dialogue EMDR protocol: The cognitions and their central role in the EMDR work with complex problems]. Präsentation am Institut für Traumazentrierte Therapie und Beratung, Zürich.

Language: German

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Die Erfahrung zeigt, dass die erfolgreiche Arbeit mit EMDR häufig wesentlich von der treffenden und emotional bedeutungsvollen Wahl der Kognitionen abhängt. Die Erfahrung zeigt aber ebenfalls, dass diese richtige Auswahl oft zur schwierigen Hürde werden kann beim Einstieg in komplexe EMDR‐Arbeit in Phase 3, und zwar nicht nur für AnfängerInnen, sondern auch für erfahrene EMDR TherapeutInnen. Dies vor allem dann, wenn der Fokus der Arbeit nicht auf klar definierten klassischen traumatischen Einzelereignissen, sondern auf komplexen, frühen Lebensthemen liegt. Das Herausarbeiten tiefgreifender, emotional bedeutsamer Kognitionen fällt bei solchen Themen den Betroffenen oft besonders schwer. Diese Situation erzeugt häufig Verunsicherung bei den Klienten und Therapeuten und stellt eine Herausforderung für die erfolgreiche und effiziente Anwendung von EMDR dar. Mittlerweile ist in der Bindungs‐ und Traumaforschung herausgearbeitet worden, dass frühe Störungen sehr häufig eine dissoziative Struktur bei den Betroffenen zur Folge haben. Wir müssen also davon ausgehen, dass es in diesen Fällen auch um eine „subtile“ Dissoziation geht, die sich bei der EMDR Arbeit in Phase 3 u.a. durch Probleme mit der Erarbeitung der Kognitionen manifestieren kann. In den letzten Jahren habe ich das EMDR Dialog‐Protokoll entwickelt, das den Umgang mit solch komplexen EMDR Situationen in der Phase 3 wesentlich erleichtert. Im Oktober 2009 wurde eine Kurzversion meiner Arbeit zu diesem speziellen EMDR Protokoll im deutschen EMDR Rundbrief veröffentlicht und im August 2011 wird eine englische Übersetzung im EMDR Journal for Research & Practice veröffentlicht. Der Workshop soll einerseits die Bedeutung der Kognitionen für die erfolgreiche EMDR Arbeit nochmals klären sowie die dazugehörigen theoretischen Grundlagen aus der Neurobiologie, der Bindungstheorie und den Theorien der Strukturellen Dissoziation und Ego‐State Theorie zusammenfassen. Sodann wird das Dialog‐Protokoll im Detail erläutert und mittels Fallbeispielen in der praktischen Anwendung dargestellt. Ein praktischer Teil des Workshops ist dem Üben von Phase 3 mit dem Dialogprotokoll vorbehalten. Die TeilnehmerInnen sollen anhand von konkreten eigenen Beispielen die Phase 3 mit Anwendung des Dialog‐ Protokolls üben, um für die Praxis eine auf Selbsterfahrung basierende praktische Erfahrung mitzunehmen. Es geht dabei um das Erfassen von Phase 3 bis zum VOC, nicht um eine komplette Selbsterfahrung mit EMDR. Dabei soll die emotionale Relevanz der stimmigen und tiefgreifenden Kognition erfahrbar werden. Wenn es der zeitliche Rahmen erlaubt, können eigene Fälle zur Diskussion gestellt werden. Der Workshop soll eine kollegiale Diskussion von Problemen in der EMDR Anwendung ermöglichen und neue Perspektiven eröffnen helfen.

Experience shows that successful work often with EMDR significantly taken from and emotionally meaningful choice of cognition depends. But experience shows also that these Proper selection can often be difficult to hurdle in entering complex EMDR work in phase 3, and not only for beginners but also for experienced EMDR therapists. This especially when the focus of the work of non-traumatic on clearly defined classical Individual events, but on complex, early-life subjects. Working out of profound, emotionally meaningful cognition falls on such topics stakeholders often particularly difficult. This Situation often creates uncertainty among clients and therapists and offers a challenge represents for the successful and efficient use of EMDR Meanwhile, it has been worked into the binding and trauma research that very early interference often have a dissociative structure among those affected the result. We must therefore assume that in these cases, a "subtle" dissociation is, among other things, at the EMDR work in phase 3 may be manifested by problems with the development of cognition. In recent years I have developed the dialogue EMDR protocol, how to deal with such complex EMDR situations in phase 3 easier. In October 2009, a short version of my Work on this specific EMDR protocol in German newsletter published EMDR and in August 2011 an English translation of the EMDR Journal for Research & Practice is published. The workshop on the one hand the importance of cognition in the successful EMDR should work again and clarify the related theoretical principles from neurobiology, attachment theory and summarize the theories of Structural Dissociation and ego state theory. Then, the Dialog protocol described in detail and illustrated using case studies in practical applications. A practical part of the workshop is reserved for the practice of dialogue with the Phase 3 protocol. The By means of concrete examples to own participants, phase 3 of the dialogue with application- Exercise protocol in order for the practice to bring a hands-on experience based on personal experience. This involves having to capturing phase 3 to the VOC, not a complete self-awareness EMDR. It is the emotional relevance of coherent and profound cognition can be experienced. If it is the time frame allowed to own cases are presented for discussion. The workshop should enable a collegial discussion of issues in application of EMDR and new perspectives help open up.

Keywords: Cognitions Dialogue Protocol

Accuracy Verified: Yes

116. Elling, M. (2009, Februari). Databank effectieve jeugdinterventies (testversie): Beschrijving ´Eye movement desensitization & reprocessing (EMDR)' [Database of effective youth interventions (test version): Description of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)]. Utrecht: NIZW. Ontvangen van http://www.nji.nl/eCache/DEF/37/990.cmVjb3JkbnI9MTc.html op 1/26/2010.

Language: Dutch

Format: Other

Abstract:
Verwerking van herinneringen aan identificeerbare traumatische ervaringen. Hierdoor kunnen klachten, die zijn ontstaan als gevolg van die herinneringen en het lijden dat daarmee gepaard gaat, worden verminderd.

Processing of memories of traumatic experiences identifiable. This enables complaints that have arisen as a result of those memories and the suffering that goes with it are reduced.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

117. Knipscheer, J., van Middendorp, H., & Kleber, R. (2011, August). De rol van cultuur in het omgaan met psychotrauma [The role of culture in coping with psychotrauma]. Psychologie & Gezondheid, 39(3), 125-131. doi:10.1007/s12483-011-0026-4.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The role of culture in coping with psychotrauma In this paper, the theme of the special issue on Culture and Trauma is introduced. In both empirically oriented articles as well as theoretical and contemplative contributions, the role of culture and migration context in the development of psychological problems following trauma, culture-specific or generic coping with the consequences, help-seeking behavior, and the need for culturally sensitive treatment is explored. First, the influence of the migration context is considered with regard to the possible sickening role of the asylum procedure, the burden for immigrant women who have undergone female genital mutilation and now live in a society that seriously condemns it, and the dilemma of Islamic migrants who experience homosexual feelings while living in a secularized society. Following are some contributions on cultural diversity in the expression of trauma symptoms, like somatization among refugees and the articulation of rage and embitterment among labor migrants. The impact of trauma in combination with migration on families and how children can be affected by the traumatization of their parents is the topic of two contributions in which the role of the (extended) family is explored and a contextual approach to working with families with trauma-related symptoms (a mentalization based multifamily therapy) is described. The factors that impede therapyseeking behaviour and drop-out are discussed in a study on Moroccan or Turkish girls who were raped. Finally, the applicability and efficacy of evidence-based interventions for treating ethnic minority patients with posttraumatic stress disorder is illustrated by a study on Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing with refugees and an article on specific elements of intercultural trauma therapy that appear to be culturally sensitive.

Keywords: Asylum Procedure Cultural Diversity Culture Ethnic Minority Patients Female Genital Homosexuality Islamic Migrants Mentalization-Based Multi-Family Therapy Mutilation Migration Context Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Psychotrauma Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

118. Worthington, R. (2012, April). Dealing with trauma as an intervention for aggression: A review of approaches and the value of reprocessing. Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research, 4(2), 108-118. doi:10.1108/17596591211208319.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of trauma with specific consideration to the neurological impact this has on information processing and potential links with aggression. Design/methodology/approach - This paper provides a summary of the literature in relation to theories of aggression and trauma. The paper considers how the two may interact and overlap and considers a theoretical rationale for why addressing trauma through a treatment such as Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) may assist to reduce aggression. Findings - The paper argues that the experience of trauma may contribute to inputs which may take a person closer towards engaging in aggression. This is consistent with information processing models and unified models of aggression such as the General Aggression Model. Factors that were specifically identified included physiological hyper-arousal, hostile attributions of stimulus, and neurological impairments. In addition, the paper also argued that there is evidence that as a result of trauma, a person's ability to provide cognitive accounts for the function of their behaviour may also be impaired because of the reduced interactivity between the two prefrontal hemispheres. Research limitations/implications - The paper argues that as a result, interventions designed to reduce aggression may benefit from including additional elements which directly assist clients to process emotional information and that a reprocessing treatment such as EMDR could assist to reduce levels of emotional arousal and improve treatment effectiveness. Differences in the way in which EMDR is carried out and the variances in treatment protocols used should be attended to increase the reliability of future research. Originality/value - Current modes of aggression therapy have focused on exposure based and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). However, there is evidence that EMDR has benefits over exposure and CBT approaches because of the way in which cognitive verbal accounts of the trauma are not required and because EMDR does not require the individual to have insight into their trauma experience and the link with aggression.

Keywords: Aggression Trauma Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

119. McCammon, S. L., & Allison, E. J. (1995). Debriefing and treating emergency workers. In C. R. Figley (Ed.), Compassion fatigue: Coping with secondary traumatic stress disorder in those who treat the traumatized (pp. 115-130). New York: Brunner/Mazel.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Chapter 6 emphasizes the importance of promoting trauma resolution and healthy coping strategies in emergency workers. Strategies that can be implemented before, during, and after a traumatic event are summarized. Pretrauma interventions include the use of a stress audit, training regarding stress and its management, and policy development.During a traumatic event, interventions include orientation to the trauma site, on-scene support, demobilization, and debriefing. Common elements among the several debriefing models described include the structuring of opportunities to review the events of the traumatic situation and to ventilate feelings, the learning of skills for integrating and mastering the event, and obtaining assistance in identifying, enlisting, and accepting help from one's support system. Post-trauma activities include individual follow-up sessions, the use of experimental procedures such as eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, and attention to anniversaries of traumatic events. A decade of anecdotal reports testifies to the effectiveness of debriefing and provides helpful insights into working with emergency responders. Currently, research efforts are under way to assess systematically the impact of debriefing. Future research should address the mediating effect of emergency workers' coping behaviors and cognitions. [Introduction, p. xix]

Keywords: Adults Critical Incidence Stress Debriefing CISD Education Medical Personnel Prevention Emergency Personnel Self-Help Techniques Vicarious Traumatization

Accuracy Verified: Yes

120. Berendsen, S. & de Jongh, A. (2006, November). Debriefing of EMDR: Praten en afwachten, of verwerking versnellen? [Debriefing and EMDR: Talking and wait, or processing speed?]. Presentatie aan de tweede congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Arnhem, Netherland.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In de afgelopen 20 jaar is het aanvankelijke enthousiasme over debriefing en andere vormen van opvang na schokkende gebeurtenissen onder invloed van wisselende onderzoeksresultaten behoorlijk getemperd doordat de effectiviteit steeds meer ter discussie kwam te staan. De inleiders zullen een overzicht geven van de verschillende vormen van vroege hulp na schokkende gebeurtenissen en uiteenzetten hoe men hierbij geconfronteerd werd met het volgende dilemma: • Aan de ene kant mogen interventies het natuurlijke verwerkingsproces niet belemmeren. Zo kan het stimuleren van slachtoffers om direct over hun gedachten en gevoelens te praten conform het CISD (Critical Incident Stress Debriefing) model van Mitchell (1983) het risico vergroten dat zij overweldigd worden door de ervaring, hetgeen contraproductief kan werken. Omdat de meeste mensen (70 à 80 %) op eigen kracht herstellen raden de invloedrijke NICE richtlijnen uit 2005 ‘watchfull waiting’ aan: het monitoren van het beloop van de posttraumatische stressreacties bij slachtoffers en het therapeutisch interveniëren wanneer een diagnosticeerbare stoornis tot ontwikkeling komt. • Aan de andere kant zal zo vroeg mogelijk hulp geboden moeten worden aan zogenaamde ‘hoog-risico’ slachtoffers: dit zijn mensen waarvan direct duidelijk is dat ze niet zo maar op eigen kracht zullen herstellen. Vroege hulp is erop gericht om het lijden te bekorten en de ontwikkeling van secundaire problemen te voorkomen (zoals werkverzuim c.q.-verlies, relatieproblemen en middelenmisbruik). De inleiders stellen dat niet afgewacht moet worden totdat na 4 weken een PTSS gediagnosticeerd kan worden en dan pas therapeutisch te interveniëren. Bediscussieerd zal worden hoe vroeg na een schokkende gebeurtenis (enkele dagen tot weken) bij indringende herbelevingen (nare beelden met hoge SUD nivo’s) EMDR effectief ingezet kan worden (dit zal geïllustreerd worden met casuïstiek en videobeelden). Het doel is om bij de ‘laag risico’ mensen het natuurlijke verwerkingsproces te versnellen en bij de ‘hoog risico’ mensen een verwerkingstoornis te voorkomen.

Over the past 20 years, the initial enthusiasm for debriefing and other forms of relief after shocking events under the influence of changing research properly tempered by the effectiveness is increasingly being called on them. The speakers will give an overview of the various forms of early support after traumatic events and explain how this was confronted with the following dilemma: • On the one hand, the interventions do not impede natural process. Thus, encouraging victims to direct their thoughts and feelings to talk according to the CISD (Critical Incident Stress Debriefing) model of Mitchell (1983) increase the risk that they are overwhelmed by the experience, which is counter-productive work. Because most people (70 to 80%) on its own restore suggest the influential NICE guidelines 2005 'watchful waiting' to: monitoring the course of posttraumatic stress reactions in victims and therapeutic intervention when a diagnosable disorder develops. • On the other hand, as early as possible should be offered help in so-called high-risk victims, these are people whose right it is clear that not just on their own recovery. Early help is designed to minimize suffering and to the development of secondary problems occur (such as absenteeism or loss, relationship problems and substance abuse). The speakers that should not wait until 4 weeks after a diagnosis of PTSD can be and then therapeutic intervention. Discussed will be how soon after a shocking event (several days to weeks) in penetrating reliving (unpleasant images with high levels SUD's) EMDR can be used effectively (this will be illustrated with case studies and video). The goal is to "low risk" people's natural process to speed up and at 'high risk' people to avoid a processing disorder.

Keywords: Debriefing

Accuracy Verified: Yes

121. Errebo, N. (2010, July). A decade of EMDR humanitarian trainings in Asia. Presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In 1999, EMDR Humanitarian Assistance Programs (HAP) began its work in Asia in Bangladesh. Since then HAP teams have trained clinicians in India, Indonesia, China, Thailand, Sri Lanka. This presentation will summarize what has been learned from ten years of experience in Asia. The EMDR HAP training in Sri Lanka following the 2004 tsunami will be presented in detail. Issues addressed will include needs assessment, organization, collaboration among organizations, ethics, cultural competence ,and program evaluation. Videotapes will show training and sessions of trainees with tsunami survivors. The presentation will show how to train participants to think, write, and speak about EMDR as well as how to competently and ethically utilize EMDR with clients. An EMDR training program was conducted as a joint project of three organizations: EMDR Humanitarian Assistance Programs (HAP), International Relief Teams (IRT), and the Sri Lankan National Counselors Association (SRILNAC). Between March and December 2005, 30 Sri Lankan counselors were trained in EMDR. These counselors demonstrated competence in EMDR on several measures, treated more than 1,000 children and more than 350 adult tsunami victims with EMDR in 2005, provided narrative reports and outcome measures for most of their clients, and formed the Sri Lanka EMDR Association (SEA). The crucial steps in establishing and implementing this training program are explained, with a summary of the subjective impressions and learning experiences most valued by the training team, including an excerpt from a trainer’s journal. This information may be useful to future cross-cultural humanitarian efforts following large-scale disasters. This article summarizes the crucial steps in establishing and carrying out this training program as well. Previous HAP programs in Bangladesh and Turkey (Konuk et al., 2006) had led to the development of a model of therapist training and service delivery following large-scale natural disasters. Great need for mental health treatment in developing countries following a disaster and the even greater challenge of delivering effective, culturally competent mental health treatment in these situations. Silove and Bryant (2006) praised the rapid needs assessment after the tsunami as an important advancement in psychiatric epidemiology that demonstrated the value of such assessment in guiding mental health interventions after disasters.They pointed out that the controversy over whether to offer psychological treatment after disasters confuses funding agencies and those planning mental health programs after disasters. Their concerns were echoed in Raphael and Stevens’s (2006) delineation of the emerging consensus about good mental health practice after disasters in an article that was not a part of the Bangkok symposium. IRT directors, EMDR-HAP staff, and SRILNAC leaders discussed crucial political, ethical, economic, and logistical decisions in conference calls and e-mails. They outlined a program that would be responsive to the culture and needs of Sri Lanka, would provide world-class EMDR training and consultation, and would follow International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ISTSS) guidelines for mental health programs in post disaster situations (Weine et al., 2002). Following the funding mandate of IRT, the HAP team took responsibility for ensuring that services would in fact be delivered to tsunami survivors and that those services would be clinically effective. Therefore, requirements for continuing participation were quite specific, and trainees were more thoroughly evaluated than in previous HAP projects. These 30 counselors treated more than 1,350 tsunami survivors with EMDR between March and December 2005 and submitted outcome reports on these sessions that show marked improvement in PTSD symptoms. We know from e-mail contact that a number of participants continue to use EMDR effectively. As mentioned Important elements of the HAP training program in Sri Lanka included (a) adequate funding, (b) selection of trainees, (c) negotiation of objectives among HAP,IRT, and SRILNAC, (d) the pre-EMDR training in traumatology, (e) the consultation between trainings,(f ) the requirements for ongoing participation in the training, (g) a variety of measures of competence in EMDR, (h) the continuing, ongoing consultation with trainees, and (i) dedication. A project like this is expensive. IRT received.

Keywords: Asia HAP Humanitarian Assistance Programs Trainings

Accuracy Verified: Yes

122. Forgash, C. A. (2005, June). Deepening EMDR treatment effects across the trauma spectrum: Integrating EMDR and ego state work. Föreningen EMDR Sverige, EMDR Tidningen, 7(2), 6-14.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
The concepts, interventions, and techniques presented in this workshop are culled from theory and techniques of working with the range of the dissociative disorders). They have proved to be an effective addition to the preparation stage of the EMDR protocol. In other words, they can be used with clients who dissociate under certain conditions but do not have a dissociative disorder Most of the traumatized clients seen for EMDR treatment have a range of dissociative symptoms as well as symptoms of PTSD. This combination of PTSD and a dissociative disorder is often labeled DDNOS. However, people with a more complex variety of PTSD usually have experienced very early and enduring severe physical or sexual abuse (generally perpetrated by a family member), atrocities, war, or severe environmental disruption such as earthquakes. They are more accurately diagnosed with disorders of extreme stress (DESNOS). For these clients, the dissociated neural networks, or dissociative fragmentation, cause serious problems in adult life. The adaptive information processing system is on hold for these dissociated fragments or parts. They are easily triggered by internal or external cues to which they can have extreme reactions, (flashbacks, amnesia, losing time and place, and so forth.) Our goal as therapists is to use EMDR to help clients (and their internal dissociated neural networks or parts) find stability and resources to function adaptively in their present life, and then desensitize and reprocess the dissociated trauma memories and the PTSD symptoms. We aim to help our clients manage their symptoms. It is not our goal to eliminate dissociation, which has been a major survival strategy, but to help the client utilize it with conscious control. It is important to note that attachment issues are an aspect of development that are especially impacted by trauma. The attachment styles of the family pre trauma may have already affected the client in negative ways, impacting the client's resources and responses to trauma. One way to look at this set of problems is to utilize two approaches in the preparation phase of EMDR. These approaches combine the treatment of dissociative symptoms with ego state work and are an essential aspect of treating these clients with EMDR. This work may extend the preparation phase considerably, but will add safety and structure to the trauma processing experiences for these clients.

Keywords: Ego State Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

123. Groenendijk, M. (2012, June). A demonstration of EMDR in the second phase of trauma-treatment of DID [Una demostración de EMDR en segunda fase del tratamiento de Trastorno de identidad disociativo]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop is about the application of EMDR in the treatment of secondary and tertiary structural dissociation with survivors of early chronic traumatization. The succeeding of the EMDR sessions in the treatment of DID, depends mainly on the appropriate indication and a thorough preparation. How to do this in clinical practice, will be pointed out in this presentation. What follows is an explanation of the process (and the essential elements in it) of the integration of traumatic memories and this process will be demonstrated by a dvd of Maria, an woman with DID. We can select and analyze particular scenes, depending on the requests from the audience. For example scenes about confirming positions of ANP's and EP's at the beginning of the session, attacking the NC by the self-‐destructive part, guiding reliving experiences, presentification, coping with anger, differentiating between the past and the present, personification, preventing the flight-‐reaction, coping with transference and facilitate internal cooperation. After reporting on the outcome of this therapy, the conclusion will be that EMDR can be effective for dissociative patients if several specific criteria are met. These criteria are about conceptualization according to the model of structural dissociation, about indication, timing and preparation of the sessions, about adaptations in the EMDR-‐protocol and about integration of EMDR in the broader phase-‐oriented treatment of DID.

Este taller trata la aplicación de EMDR en el tratamiento de disociaciones estructurales secundarias y terciarias con supervivientes de la traumatización crónica temprana. El éxito de la sesiones de EMDR en el tratamiento de Trastornos de identidad disociativo, depende principalmente de unas instrucciones apropiadas y una dura preparación. Como hacer esto en la práctica clínica será el tema de esta presentación. Continuaremos con una explicación del proceso (y los elementos esenciales dentro de este) de la integración de los recuerdos traumáticos y este proceso será demostrado en el DVD de María, una mujer con trastorno de identidad disociativos. Podemos señalar y analizar escenas particulares, dependiendo de las peticiones que hagan los participantes a la presentación. Por ejemplo, escenas acerca de la confirmación de posiciones de ANP y EP al principio de la sesión, atacando al NC por la parte autodestructiva del yo, guiando y reviviendo experiencias, atención al presente, gestionar la ira, diferenciar entre pasado y presente, personificación, prevenir la evitación, afrontar la transferencia y facilitar la cooperación interna Después de informar acerca de los resultados de la terapia, la conclusión es que el EMDR puede ser efectivo para pacientes disociados si cumplen muchos requisitos previos. Este criterio es sobre la conceptualización de acuerdo con el modelo estructural de disociación, sobre la indicación, temporalización y preparación de las sesiones, sobre las adaptaciones del protocolo del EMDR y la integración del mismo en un tratamiento más amplio en fases del tratamiento del Trastorno de Identidad Disociativo.

Keywords: DID Dissociative Identity Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

124. Laub, B., & Weiner, N. (2011). A developmental/integrative perspective of the recent traumatic episode protocol. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 5(2), 57-72. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.5.2.57.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The recent traumatic episode protocol (R-TEP) is an adaptation of the eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR) standard protocol to the acute phases following trauma. In this article, the R-TEP structure and procedures were analyzed from a developmental/integrative perspective. It is proposed that the therapist's developmental understanding and attunement can enhance the therapeutic dyad and can promote flexible decision making while using the R-TEP procedures. One case illustration of a recent trauma intervention demonstrates the advantage of developmental attunement in using the R-TEP. This perspective enables the therapist to pace the various styles of processing as they relate to the different stages of the memory consolidation process.

Keywords: AIP Model Early EMDR Intervention EEI Memory Consolidation Process R-TEP Recent Events Recent Trauma Recent Traumatic Episode Protocol

Accuracy Verified: Yes

125. Stierum, A. J., & van Heijningen, J. G. M. (2011, April). Diagnostiek en behandeling van dissociatieve stoornissen bij kinderen en jeugdigen [Diagnosis and treatment of dissociative disorders in children and adolescents]. Presentatie op het 39ste Voorjaarscongres Nederlandse Vereniging voor Psychiatrie, Amsterdam.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Inhoud van de workshop: Dissociatie en trauma zijn nauw met elkaar verbonden. Dissociatieve stoornissen worden toch vaak niet herkend en dissociatieve stoornissen bij kinderen gelden als controversieel. Kinder- en jeugdpsychiaters leren in de opleiding weinig over dissociatieve stoornissen. In de workshop wordt aandacht besteed aan het herkennen van dissociatieve stoornissen bij (seksueel) getraumatiseerde kinderen en aan de behandeling ervan, geïntegreerd in de traumabehandeling. Ernstig getraumatiseerde kinderen hebben vaak meerdere diagnoses, zoals posttraumatische stoornissen essentieel is voor het slagen van een goede traumabehandeling. We bespreken de internationale richtlijnen en recente literatuur over diagnostiek en behandeling van dissociatieve stoornissen bij kinderen. Neurobiologische aspecten van vroegkinderlijke traumatisering en de gevolgen hiervan voor het kind worden behandeld. Verschillende behandelmethoden zoals eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) en differentiatiefasetherapie worden besproken. Vorm: —— Aan de hand van presentaties worden de theorie en de praktijk van de diagnostiek en het behandelen van dissociatieve stoornissen bij kinderen en jeugdigen besproken. —— We tonen beeldmateriaal van diagnostiek en behandeling van dissociatieve stoornissen bij kinderen en jeugdigen. —— Uitwisselen van ervaring en kennis, inbrengen van casuïstiek en discussie. Leerdoel: —— Aan het einde van de workshop erkent de deelnemer het belang van herkennen en behandelen van dissociatieve stoornissen bij getraumatiseerde kinderen en jeugdigen. —— De deelnemer vergroot zijn kennis van diagnostiek en behandeling van dissociatieve stoornissen van kinderen en jeugdigen, waarbij hij op de hoogte is van de recente literatuur. stressstoornis (PTSS) en hechtingsstoornis. Dissociatieve problematiek kan ook verward worden met onder meer obsessieve-compulsieve stoornissen (ODD), aandachtstekortstoornis met hyperactiviteit (ADHD) en vele andere kinderpsychiatrische stoornissen en zo het resultaat van therapieën bemoeilijken. Wij gaan er daarom vanuit dat herkennen en behandelen van dissociatieve.

Contents of the workshop: Dissociation and trauma are closely linked. Dissociative disorders are often not yet recognized and dissociative disorders in children construed as controversial. Child and adolescent psychiatrists learning in the training little dissociative disorders. The workshop focuses on recognition of dissociative disorders (Sexual) traumatized children and the its treatment, integrated into the trauma treatment. Severely traumatized children often have multiple diagnoses, such as post traumatic stress is essential for the success of a good trauma treatment. We discuss the International guidelines and recent literature about diagnosis and treatment of dissociative disorders in children. Neurobiological Aspects of early childhood trauma and consequences for the child to be treated. Various treatments such as eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) and phase modulation therapy are discussed. Form: - Based on the theory presentations and practice of diagnosis and treatment of dissociative disorders in children and adolescents are discussed. - We show footage of diagnosis and treatment of dissociative disorders children and adolescents. - Share the experience and knowledge, contribute of cases and discussion. Objective: - At the end of the workshop, the participant acknowledges the importance of recognizing and treating of dissociative disorders among traumatized children and adolescents. - Participants increased their knowledge of diagnosis and treatment of dissociative disorders of children and youth, taking on the aware of the recent literature. stress disorder (PTSD) and attachment disorder. Dissociative problem can also confused are including obsessive-compulsive disorder (ODD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and many other children's psychiatric disorders and as a result of therapies difficult. We therefore assume that recognition and treatment of dissociative.

Keywords: Adolescents Children Dissociative Disorders Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

126. Hase, M. [2003]. Die "wenig belastende beispielerinnerung“: Ein beitrag zur EMDR-behandlungsplanung [The "little stress as memory": A contribution to EMDR treatment planning]. Biespielerinnerung, Michael Hase.

Language: German

Format: Other

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) ist eine sehr wirksame Therapiemethode in der Behandlung der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung, assozierter Störungen und anderer psychischer Störungen. Das Modell der adaptiven Informationsverarbeitung stellt einen theoretischen Rahmen bereit, um die Wirkung des EMDR zu erklären und bietet im Sinne eines Krankheitsmodells Anleitung zur Diagnostik und Behandlungsplanung. EMDR ist ein manualisiertes Verfahren und die Berücksichtung der vorgeschlagenen Protokolle und Prozeduren ist für einen Behandlungserfolg essentiell. Die phasenorientierte Behandlungsplanung nimmt in der Therapie traumatisierter Menschen generell einen hohen Stellenwert ein und ist auch für eine EMDR-Therapie sehr wichtig. Die Bearbeitung einer „wenig belastenden Beispielerinnerung“ in der Frühphase einer EMDR-Therapie bietet einen guten Einstieg in die sich anschließende Traumabearbeitung und ist besonders in der Arbeit mit akut Traumatisierten und komplexen Störungsbildern hilfreich.
Summary: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a very effective Method of therapy in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder, an associate Disorders and other mental disorders. The model of adaptive Information processing provides a theoretical framework to evaluate the effect of EMDR explain and offer guidance in terms of a disease model for the diagnosis and Treatment planning. EMDR is a manualized procedures and the consideration of the proposed protocols and procedures is essential for a successful treatment. The phase-oriented treatment planning in general it will in the treatment of traumatized people of great value and is also responsible for EMDR therapy is very important. The processing a "little strain as memory" in the early stages of an EMDR therapy offers a good introduction to the subsequent trauma and is particularly in the work helpful with acute and complex trauma disorders.

Keywords: Treatment Planning

Accuracy Verified: Yes

127. Yule, W. (2008, April). Disaster, crisis and trauma psychology: Meeting the needs of children and adolescents. Presentation at the Annual Meeting of the Psychological Society of Ireland and NIBPS, Dublin,Ireland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This presentation will summarise the work undertaken by the Standing Committee and describe the developments in Disaster, Crisis and Trauma Psychology as they relate to children and adolescents. Post Traumatic Stress Reactions are now well described in children, although much has still to be learned about pre-schoolers. Developmental and gender differences as well as family influences have all been investigated within a broad developmental psychopathology framework. Most excitingly, efficient and effective brief interventions such as trauma focused cognitive behaviour therapy and EMDR have been developed, applied and validated. These individually oriented interventions have also been adapted for large group interventions as are needed after major disasters and war. Recent developments will be highlighted and future directions indicated.

Keywords: Adolescents Children Crisis Disaster Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

128. Ferrol, S., & Salas, C. (2009, Junio). Diseño de intervenciones con EMDR en el ámbito escolar [EMDR design interventions in schools]. Presentación en X Congreso Internacional de Estres Traumatico, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Keywords: Design Interventions School

Accuracy Verified: Yes

129. Bluthgen, C., & Ingratta, A. (2009, Junio). Diseño de intervenciones con EMDR en situaciones de emergencia (guardias, hospitales.) [EMDR design interventions in emergency situations (such as guards, hospitals.)] . Presentación en el X Congreso Internacional de Estrés Traumático y Trastornos de Ansiedad, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Keywords: Design Interventions Emergency Guards

Accuracy Verified: Yes

130. van der Hart, O. (2011, March). Dissociation of the personality: The key to understanding chronic traumatisation and a guide to EMDR treatment. Preconference presentation at the 9th annual Conference of the EMDR UK & Ireland, Bristol.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
There is currently consensus that the EMDR standard protocol needs to be modified for chronically traumatized clients, such as clients with complex dissociative disorders, as it may destabilize them. Therefore, therapists need to have a good understanding of the dissociative personality structure that exists in these clients. Dissociation is an undue division of the personality among two or more biopsychosocial systems or “dissociative parts” that comprise the survivor’s personality. One or more of them function in daily life; others are fixated in traumatic experiences, are living in trauma-time. The more severe the traumatisation, the more dissociative parts, involving more complex trauma-related disorders, can be expected to exist. Dissociative parts have psychobiological boundaries that are maintained, to a large degree, by different trauma-related phobias, which are systematically resolved in phase-oriented treatment. Indeed, participants will be able to describe structural dissociation of the personality as a specific form of integrative failure that needs to be overcome in phase-oriented treatment, identify ways of relating dissociative symptoms to the underlying dissociation of the personality, and identify targets such as the dissociation-maintaining phobias, for EMDR interventions in the respective treatment phases. The emphasis will be on the preparatory work, including how to work with dissociative parts living in trauma-time and those perceived as being malevolent, necessary before focusing on the integration of traumatic memories.

Keywords: Dissocation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

131. van der Hart, O. (2010, September/October). Dissociation of the personality: The key to understanding chronic traumatization and its treatment. Plenary presented at the annual meeting of EMDR International Association, Minneapolis, MN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR treatment of complex trauma-related disorders may benefit from a clear understanding of the dissociative nature of these disorders. Dissociation is an undue division of the personality among two or more psychobiological systems or “dissociative parts” that comprise the survivor’s personality. One or more of them function in daily life; others are fixated in traumatic experiences. The more severe the traumatization, the more dissociative parts, involving more complex trauma-related disorders, can be expected to exist. Dissociative parts have psychobiological boundaries that are maintained, to a large degree, by different trauma-related phobias, which should be systematically resolved in phase-oriented treatment. Participants will be able to describe structural dissociation of the personality as a specific form of integrative failure that needs to be overcome in phase-oriented treatment, identify ways of relating dissociative symptoms to the underlying dissociation of the personality, and identify targets for EMDR interventions in each of the three treatment phases in terms of overcoming specific phobias.

Keywords: Chronic Traumatization Plenary

Accuracy Verified: Yes

132. Lanius, U. F. (2001, June). Dissociation processes and EMDR: Staying connected. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Austin, TX.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will: 1) learn a model, based on recent developments in neuroscience and the neurobiology of dissociation, that guides therapeutic interventions in general and EMDR treatment in particular; 2) apply effective treatment planning, target selection, and the use of both body-oriented (bottom-up processing); 3) learn to utilize interventions intended to minimize dissociative symptoms; and 4) learn techniques that aid clients in becoming reconnected, once dissociative processes have occurred.

Keywords: Dissociation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

133. Scaer, R. (2006, September). Dissociation theory and the healing of trauma. Plenary at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Philadelphia, PA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The early studies of trauma in late 19th century Paris centered on the clinical phenomenon of conversion hysteria, a dissociative disorder. Janet and Freud wrote extensively on this topic, and actually described many of the posttraumatic syndromes that we are revisiting today. I will make the case that the late syndromes of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, especially dissociation, are clearly the defining symptomatic and physiological manifestations of trauma. These syndromes all have prominent somatic features, all of which represent posttraumatic sornatosensory implicit memory. This unconscious, body-based feature of the posttraumatic syndrome presents a compelling case for the universal application of somatically-based therapies such as EMDR in the healing of trauma.

Keywords: Dissociation Plenary

Accuracy Verified: Yes

134. Beere, D. B. (2003, September). The dissociative disorders: Update, current research, and applications of EMDR. Preconference presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop will focus on current advances in the dissociative disorders, emphasizing scientific information supporting the diagnosis, recent advances in assessment, and the most current advances in treatment. The application and appropriateness of EMDR will be emphasized throughout the workshop and the most current applications of EMDR with dissociative disorders presented. Data will be presented that support EMDR-interventions with dissociative disorders.

Keywords: Dissociation Dissociative Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

135. Lanius, U. F. (2004, September). Dissociative processes and EMDR – Staying connected. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Montreal, Quebec Canada.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
A model is proposed, based on recent research in neuroscience and the neurobiology of dissociation and attachment, that guides therapeutic interventions in general and EMDR treatment in particular. Participants will become familiar with specific interventions intended to minimize dissociative symptoms, as well as techniques that aid clients in becoming reconnected, once dissociative processes have occurred. That is, a comprehensive therapeutic approach is described to aid clients with dissociative symptoms to stay connected, and in some cases reconnect with their healing process, thereby enhancing the likelihood of efficient information processing during EMDR treatment.

Keywords: Dissociation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

136. Mills, S., & Hulbert-Williams, L. (2012, September). Distinguishing between treatment efficacy and effectiveness in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): Implications for contentious therapies. Counselling Psychology Quarterly, 25(3), 319-330. doi:10.1080/09515070.2012.682563.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Research psychologists often complain that practitioners disregard research evidence whilst practitioners sometimes accuse researchers of failing to produce evidence with sufficient ecological validity. We discuss the tension that thus arises using the specific illustrative examples of two treatment methods for post-traumatic stress disorder: eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing and exposure-based interventions. We discuss the contextual reasons for the success or failure of particular treatment models that are often only tangentially related to the theoretical underpinnings of the models. We discuss what might be learnt from these debates and develop recommendations for future research.

Keywords: Clinical Medicine Patient-Centered Care Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Practice Psychotherapists' Attitudes PTSD Research

Accuracy Verified: Yes

137. Butler, K. (1995, July-August). Divided memories. Family Therapy Networker, 19(4), 1.

Language: English

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
Ann Norris first went to see Laguna Beach psychologist Doug Sawin in 1988. She had recently graduated from college with a degree in music and suffered from insomnia and drank alcohol to sleep. But it was her relationship with her mother, Judy, that troubled her most. After Ann's triumphant college graduation vocal recital, Judy hadn't even congratulated her. Two days later, Judy had called and angrily attacked Ann over the phone until Ann cried.
It was the kind of issue that a good family or individual therapist might have addressed by building on Ann's obvious strengths, teaching her to contain and manage her feelings, and coaching her to develop a better relationship with her mother. But Sawin instead focussed intensely on the past. Ann soon had memories of her father sexually abusing her, and later of elaborate cultic abuse, which her three siblings didn't come close to corroborating. She was hospitalized after attempting suicide, and Sawin bluntly told her father, Al, over the phone, of Ann's charges Al collapsed in tears.
Over the years, Ann drew closer to Sawin while her relations with her family and her own mental state grew more troubled. She was diagnosed with Multiple Personality Disorder and, with Sawin's support, sued her parents and grandparents for $20 million. She spent six years in therapy with Sawin She now describes psychiatric hospitals where she still stays periodically because she cuts and burns herself as her "institutional mothers." She has not spoken to her true mother in six years. And she no longer sings.
It doesn't take a PhD in psychology or a seat on a state licensing board to see that Ann is worse off than when she entered therapy. Millions of nontherapists undoubtedly made just such an assessment when Ann, her therapist and her family told their stories before millions of prime-time viewers on "Divided Memories," a four-hour PBS Frontline documentary screened in early May.
In her wide-ranging investigation of therapy, sexual abuse and memory, producer Ofra Bikel used as her primary subject families divided by recovered memories of abuse. She also managed to persuade nearly half a dozen therapists to do therapy while her camera was running. It was a remarkable event, in which all of America was invited behind the one-way mirror to see therapy in action in the midst of its most divisive controversy and to judge it for themselves.

Keywords: MPD Multiple Personality Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

138. Rossi, E. L. (1999, June). Does EMDR facilitate new growth in the brain? Immediate-early genes in optimizing human potentials. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Las Vegas, NV.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will: 1) be able to describe the possible role of immediate-early genes and the growth of the brain during psychological arousal, creative work and innovative approaches to psychotherapy, such as EMDR; and 2) be able to outline the mind-body dynamics of our natural 90 ultradian cycle of peak performance and healing in creative work, as well as psychotherapy.

Keywords: 90 Ultradian Cycle of Peak Performance Brain Growth Immediate-Early Genes

Accuracy Verified: Yes

139. Krafona, K. (2010). Does eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) have any utility in intellectual disabilities? Two bereavement case reports. The Ghana International Journal of Mental Health, 2(1).

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) are to some extent discriminated against when it comes to the psychotherapies. The long held belief that individuals with ID do not benefit from such interventions has been attributed in part to communication difficulties, lack of insight and lack of language sophistication. Yet, it is well known that these individuals are about four-fold at risk of developing mental health problems. Cognitive behavior therapies (CBT) and other related therapies are becoming more recognized in the field of intellectual disabilities. Loss and bereavement is common among people with ID but their exposure to interventions such as Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) has been limited. EMDR is a psychological intervention that encompasses many aspects of traditional therapies such as CBT and psychodynamic therapies. There is little research in this area for people with ID. This paper reports two cases in individuals with intellectual disabilities who were struggling with bereavement. They appear to have benefited from EMDR sessions and there may be scope for research to establish its efficacy in this field.

Keywords: Intellectual Disabilities

Accuracy Verified: Yes

140. Manfield, P., & Snyker, E. (2002, June). Don’t go with that!. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Diego, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
One of the beauties of EMDR is that, in most cases, clients can simply begin each set of eye movements by focusing on their associations from the previous set. The therapist simply says, "Go with that." This workshop will identify clients for whom "Go with that" will probably not work, clients who use avoidance or dissociation to defend against painful affect or who associate loosely and cause targets to "pancake." We will use video and transcripts to illustrate a variety of interventions and techniques to handle these more challenging clients and situations.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

141. Manfield, P. (2013, May). Dyadic resourcing: Creating a foundation for treating early trauma [La dyade comme ressource: Créer une base solide pour traiter les traumas de la petite enfance]. Presentation at the annual EMDR Canada Conference, Banff, Alberta CAN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop introduces “dyadic resourcing,” a resourcing approach designed to facilitate EMDR processing of very early trauma with severely deprived clients, including those with attachment disorders. The goal of this process is to help clients connect affectively to an internal experience of being in a nurturing parent-child relationship. This workshop will address the basic principles and processes central to this form of resourcing, including each of the five steps involved in establishing this resource. The process will be illustrated using clinical videos, resourcing transcripts, and a live demonstration. Links to free additional training resources will be provided.
Learning Objectives: • Explain why cognitive interweaves are often not helpful to clients with attachment disorders • List 15 possible sources of resource figures a client might have that the client can feel a present affective connection to. • List 8 techniques that can be used to help a client feel more intensely connected to a resource. • Describe 4 indications that clients are NOT assuming an outside observer role and are instead overly identifying with their child selves. • Describe how the “morphing” process minimizes a client’s resistance to feeling nurtured.

Cet atelier présente la dyade comme ressource, une approche conçue pour faciliter le retraitement en EMDR pour les traumas de la petite enfance chez des clients qui ont été sévèrement négligés dont ceux avec un trouble de l’attachement. L’objectif de ce processus est d’aider le client à se connecter au niveau affectif à une expérience intérieure d’être dans une relation nourrissante parent-enfant. Cet atelier portera sur les principes de base et les processus centraux de cette forme de ressourcement incluant les 5 étapes pour établir cette ressource. Le processus sera illustré à l’aide de vidéos de transcription sur les ressources et une démonstration en direct. Il fournira aussi des ‘’liens’’ afin d’avoir accès gratuitement à des formations sur les ressources.
Objectifs d’apprentissage: • Expliquer pourquoi les tissages cognitifs ne sont pas aidant pour les clients ayant un trouble de l’attachement • Une liste de 15 figures ressourçantes pour le client et pour lesquelles il peut ressentir une connexion sur le plan affectif. • Une liste de 8 techniques qui peut être utiliser afin d’aider le client à se sentir de plus en plus connecter à une ressource. • Décrire 4 indications que le client n’adopte pas une position d’observateur mais plutôt qu’il soit vraiment identifié avec leurs ‘’soi’’ d’enfant. • Décrire comment le processus de ‘’morphing’’ peut diminuer la résistance au sentiment d’être nourrit affectivement

Keywords: Dyadic Resourcing Morphing Resource Figures

Accuracy Verified: Yes

142. Manfield, P. (2011, August). Dyadic resourcing: EMDR with difficult clients. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Orange County, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Difficult Clients Dyadic Resourcing

Accuracy Verified: Yes

143. Shapiro, E., & Laub, B. (2008). Early EMDR intervention (EEI): A summary, a theoretical model, and the recent traumatic episode protocol (R-TEP). Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 2(2), 79-96. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.2.2.79.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This article examines existing early EMDR intervention (EEI) procedures, presents a conceptual model, and proposes a new comprehensive protocol: the Recent-Traumatic Episode protocol (R-TEP). A review of research and important professional issues regarding application and parameters are presented. The commonly used EEI protocols and procedures are summarized, with the inclusion of descriptive case examples from the Lebanon war and a review of related research. Then a theoretical model is presented in which traumatic information processing is conceptualized as expanding from a narrow focus on the sensory image (perceptual level) to a wider focus on the event/episode (experiential level) and finally to a broad focus on the theme/identity (meaning level). The relationship of this model to the Recent-Traumatic Episode protocol is articulated and case examples are presented. Theoretical speculations are discussed relating to attention regulation and the Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) model. Further research is encouraged. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing Model AIP Cognitive Processes Crisis Intervention Early EMDR Intervention Emergency Room Patients Israel-Hezbollah War Israelis Prevention of PTSD Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Recent Events Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

144. Shapiro, E., & Fernandez, I. (2013, June). Early EMDR intervention (EEI): Theory, Practice and research application in a mass disaster. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Geneva, Switzerland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR has demonstrated effectiveness in treating chronic PTSD and old trauma memories, yet Early EMDR Intervention (EEI) protocols have not received sufficient attention from EMDR researchers or clinicians.
As part of a comprehensive approach to EEI, this workshop presents the Recent Traumatic Episode Protocol (R-TEP), which is an integrative protocol that incorporates and extends existing EMDR protocols within a new conceptual framework, together with additional measures for containment and safety. The application of the R-TEP will be presented with video case illustrations as well as a report of its utilisation in a mass disaster situation.
Intervening with EMDR in mass disasters has proven to give a significant contribution to this field. During the workshop the structure of an intervention in the acute phase will be described. Recent developments have been seen in the earthquake that hit northern Italy earlier this year, where EMDR was the most widely used approach and utilised with more than 2000 survivors. Epidemiological data and measured changes in post-traumatic stress before and after EMDR will be presented and practical guidelines for implementation of EMDR in the acute and chronic phase of trauma after a mass disaster outlined.
Learning objectives: Identify and comprehend distinctive issues pertaining to Early EMDR Intervention in general. Identify and comprehend key features, procedures and concepts of the EMDR Recent Traumatic Episode Protocol (R-TEP); Evaluate the advantages of the R-TEP protocol for Early EMDR Intervention; Assess the advantage of early EMDR intervention during the acute phases following a natural disaster; and Learn the logistics involved with applying the EMDR R-TEP protocol on a large scale in a post mass disaster while obtaining pre-post and follow-up data measures.

Keywords: Early Intervention Theory EEI Mass Disaster

Accuracy Verified: Yes

145. Lueger-Schuster, B., & Olff, M. (2008, June). Early intervention following traumatic events. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
On successful completion of the workshop, participants will be able to: · Describe the commonly used approaches to early intervention following traumatic events and the rationale behind them including blanket intervention, targeted interventions and the timing of them. Describe specific interventions including critical incident stress debriefing, psychological debriefing, psychological first aid, critical incident stress management, trauma risk management, supportive counselling and trauma focused cognitive behavioural therapy. Discuss the current evidence base for the effectiveness of early interventions following traumatic events.

Keywords: Early Intervention

Accuracy Verified: Yes

146. Bisson, J. (2006, June). Early intervention method as an EMDR method. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Istanbul, Turkey.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Recommendation • All chronic PTSD sufferers should be offered a course of trauma-focused CBT or EMDR, normally on an individual OP basis, regardless of time since trauma. • Usually 8-12 sessions, some at 90 minutes. • May need to be longer than 12 sessions if multiple trauma, co-morbidity, traumatic bereavement… • Training and competence essential.[Excerpt]

Keywords: Recents Events Protocol

Accuracy Verified: Yes

147. Ruzek, J. I., Bisson, J. I., Schnyder, U., Ritchie, E. C., & Watson, P. J. (2001, December). Early intervention to prevent PTSD: Visions of the next generation of services. Presentation at the 17th annual meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, New Orleans, LA .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Although most human service professionals believe in the utility of early intervention post-trauma to prevent development of chronic psychological problems, there is little agreement as to the appropriate forms of care. A range of psychological interventions has been advocated for use with various traumatized populations within days or weeks of their trauma exposure, including education about trauma and stress reactions, critical incident stress debriefing (CISD), cognitive-behavioral brief intervention packages, EMDR, and psychopharmacological interventions. Currently, prospective research studying response to trauma and beginning within hours or days of the traumatic event is increasing rapidly, and a number of recent publications have suggested the potential effectiveness of some early interventions in preventing development of PTSD. Recent support for such interventions is developing at the same time that the evidence for the most popular early intervention, debriefing, is being called into question. In this panel discussion, four members of the recently initiated ISTSS “Early Interventions” Special Interest Group will describe their personal views as to what the next generation of early intervention services will look like, how existing models of early intervention should be improved based on current research and theory, and how improved services can be implemented in real-world settings.

Keywords: Early Intervention Future Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

148. Quinn, G. (2010, July). Early interventions. Presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR is a well-established therapy for the treatment of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). PTSD can be reduced or prevented if treated during the first month after a trauma when a person displays Acute Stress Disorder (ASD). Although usually used later, EMDR has also been used effectively in the immediate period following trauma. Victims of immediate trauma often exhibit “silent terror” or extreme stress .The Emergency Response Procedure (ERP), described in the Humanitarian Assistance Program’s (HAP) Disaster Manual and Marilyn Luber’s : EMDR Scripted Protocols: Basic and Special Situations.(2009) was developed to deal with victims of natural and man made disaster within hours of exposure to trauma. Participants in this workshop will learn how to respond to clients in the immediate aftermath of trauma, utilizing ERP. This will be understood within the overall context of the principles of Psychological First Aid. This same basic approach can be applied in the event of strong abreaction during the initial phase of History-taking, and prior to the Preparation Phase of EMDR or at other times of treatment when patients exhibit strong emotional reactions. Similarly, treatment with ERP may also be considered for patients exhibiting this “silent terror” or extreme stress during initial treatment by first responders at the scene of an accident or in ambulances en route to medical facilities. Case examples will be presented to illustrate the successful treatment of Acute Stress Disorder (ASD) with survivors the Tsunami in Thailand, and with victims of terror and war. In this presentation the Recent Events Protocol will be examined, with particular emphasis on modifying the Positive Cognitions (PC) in the face of continuing ongoing danger. EMD (Eye Movement Desensitization), the original protocol developed by Dr. Francine Shapiro in 1989, will be described and compared to the standard EMDR protocol with emphasis as used in emergency settings where multiple patients need rapid treatment. The EMDR Group Protocol will be presented as utilized in the Tsunami of 2004 and during war. A practicum will follow.

Keywords: Early Interventions

Accuracy Verified: Yes

149. Dyregrov, A. (2006, March). Early interventions following disasters – A place for EMDR and trauma therapy?. Presentation at the 4th annual Conference of the EMDR UK & Ireland Association, London, UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Considerable professional debate exists regarding the role of mental health professionals in the early intervention following disasters. Emotional first aid is a natural part of disaster response in western countries, while the active involvement of mental health professionals is debated. The current paradigm is to screen to find those at risk after a period of time (usually > 1 month) and then refer those in need to more active traumatherapeutic assistance based on the screening results. Dr. Dyregrov will argue for an active role for mental health professionals in the early response, but will discuss and question whether EMDR or other specific trauma therapy should be offered within the first few weeks following a disaster.

Keywords: Disasters Early Interventions

Accuracy Verified: Yes

150. Quinn, G. (2009, June). Early interventions for acute trauma. Preconference presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Acute Stress Disorder ASD Early Interventions

Accuracy Verified: Yes

151. Bar-Sade, E. (2003, May). Early trauma: Revisited and revised through EMDR, the narrative story and the implementation of attachment theory concepts. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Rome, Italy.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
If we regard adult psychotherapy as the basis for a kind of attachment relationship in which the client seeks proximity by having a physical and emotional closeness with the therapist through which the client tries to create a”safe haven” soothing him or her when upset while providing a sense of security, child therapists often regard child-psychotherapy as a means to develop an attachment relationship between child and caregiver, whenever possible. It is a common assumption, that in child-psychotherapy, especially while dealing with trauma, the therapist must stress the importance of empowering the parental figure as an attachment figure and as a “secure base”.

Keywords: Attachment Theory Complex Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

152. Grey, E. (2009, August). Earning security with EMDR. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Atlanta, GA .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The experience of safety associated with a secure attachment is essential in promoting social engagement. Social engagement requires the capacity to identify, tolerate and communicate our emotional states. This poster illustrates the pathogenic role that relational trauma plays in thwarting such intrapersonal attunement necessary for interpersonal integration. In particular, disorganized attachment experiences are highlighted as small-t traumas and “touchstone memories” related to “affect phobias”. These phobias are key psychopathological agents that maintain dissociative barriers between components of internal working models of self and other involved in attachment relationships. Internal working models related to disorganized attachment experiences include segregated information of parent/child interactions in which the parent is the “source and solution of the child’s fright”. The establishment of “trauma coded” internal working models is instrumental in the development of “extra-personal attunement”. As opposed to intrapersonal attunement, extra-personal attunement is characterized by a preoccupation with the feelings, thoughts, and behaviors of others and simultaneous dissociation of one’s own internal experience. In the wake of such relational trauma, the adaptive information processing system within the individual becomes “corrupt”. The AIP model provides a way to understand the salience of dysfunctionally held information in the brain in thwarting interpersonal attunement and intrapersonal attunement and maintenance of a “corrupt information processing system”. Furthermore, it assists in the clinical navigation of the paths between memory, internal working models, and auto and interactive psychobiological regulation. From a clearer point of view and with an appreciation for the vulnerability of relational misattunement to be traumatic relevant EMDR processing targets can be indentified and targeted. In addition, this AIP conceptualization of relational trauma offers a parsimonious framework within which the effects of trauma can been seen in a variety of psychopathologies. From adjustment disorders to dissociative identity disorder the feeling of “insecurity” associated with relationships reinforces extra-personal attunement and avoidance of interactive regulation necessary for social engagement. In addition, extrapersonal attunement leads to a preoccupation with the emotional states of others, avoidance of social engagement and substitution of work, play, food, and sex to regulate distress and amplify positive affect. This poster will offer an Adaptive Information Processing model conceptualization of relational trauma and will outline the role of EMDR in reducing phobic responses to innate affect. It will also highlight the identification and processing of touchstone memories related to disorganized attachment experiences in both the standard EMDR protocol and the adapted “Ego-state specific” protocol. These interventions will be portrayed as necessary components of a comprehensive treatment plan in the treatment of relational trauma. Finally the successful treatment of relational trauma will be depicted as a relevant in promoting intrapersonal attunement necessary for interpersonal integration.

Keywords: Affect Phobias Phobias Relational Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

153. Cotraccia, T. (2009, August). Earning security with EMDR - Promoting social engagement in the wake of relational trauma. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Atlanta, GA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Poster Social Engagement

Accuracy Verified: Yes

154. Hollander, H. E., & Bender, S. S. (2001, January-April). ECEM (Eye Closure Eye Movements): Integrating aspects of EMDR with hypnosis for treatment of trauma. American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis, 43(3-4), 187-202. doi:10.1080/00029157.2001.10404276.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The paper addresses distinctions between hypnotic interventions and Eye Movement Desensitizing and Reprocessing (EMDR) and discusses their effect on persons who have symptoms of PTSD. Eye movements in hypnosis and EMDR are considered in terms of the different ways they may affect responses in treatment. A treatment intervention within hypnosis called ECEM (Eye Closure, Eye Movements) is described. ECEM can be used for patients with histories of trauma who did not benefit adequately from either interventions in hypnosis or the EMDR treatment protocol used separately. In ECEM the eye movement variable of EMDR is integrated within a hypnosis protocol to enhance benefits of hypnosis and reduce certain risks of EMDR. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Hypnotherapy Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Psychotherapeutic Processes Stressors Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

155. Janssen, J. (2012, February). Een bijzondere casus (serie): EMDR-behandeling van vroegkinderlijke trauma’s bij een cliënte met een eetstoornis [A special case (series): EMDR treatment of early childhood trauma in a client with an eating disorder]. Tijdschrift voor Psychotherapie, 38(1), 21-37. doi:10.1007/s12485-012-0003-3.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Onveilige hechting en vroegkinderlijke trauma’s liggen aan de basis van veel problemen die onze cliënten ervaren in hun dagelijkse leven en zij leiden tot disfunctionele gedachten- en gedragspatronen. In de babyfase ontwikkelt zich het (sociale) brein op basis van liefde of het ontbreken ervan. Het is de interactie tussen baby’s en hun ouders in de eerste jaren die bepalend is. Het introduceren in de therapie van liefde en liefdevolle ouders die er voor hen zijn, lijkt van essentieel belang te zijn voor een succesvolle behandeling. In dit artikel wordt het vier-stappenmodel van Katie O’Shea uiteengezet. De eerste drie stappen bieden de effectieve stabilisatie die nodig is om de behandeling van vroegkinderlijke trauma’s aan te gaan. In stap 4 kan deze behandeling vervolgens op gestructureerde wijze plaatsvinden. Met haar ‘EMDR’-model creëren we als het ware een nieuwe blauwdruk in het brein met als uitkomst ‘een reconstructie van het zelfbeeld’. O’Shea beoogt met haar model herstel van prenataal en perinataal trauma, wat met het standaard EMDR-protocol niet gemakkelijk wordt bereikt. DRS.

Insecure attachment and early childhood traumas are the basis of many problems that our clients experience in their daily life and they lead to dysfunctional thoughts and behavioral patterns. In the infant stage develops the (social) brain based on love or lack thereof. It is the interaction between babies and their parents in the early years is decisive. Introducing into the therapy of love and loving parents who are there for them, seems of vital importance for a successful treatment. In this article, the four-step model Katie O'Shea put apart. The first three steps provide effective stabilization to the necessary for the treatment of early childhood trauma to go. In step 4, this treatment can then structured by manner. With its' EMDR' model we create as were a new blueprint in the brain as being 'a reconstruction of the self '. O'Shea aim with the recovery model of prenatal and perinatal trauma, what with the standard EMDR protocol is not easily achieved. DRS.

Keywords: Childhood Trauma Eating Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

156. Kutz, I., Dekel, R., Schreiber, S., Resnick, V., Dolberg, O. T., Barkai, G., Leor, A., Rapoport, E., & Bloch, M. (2008, November). The effect of a single session of EMDR on intrusive distress in acute stress syndromes. Symposium/panel conducted at the 24th annual meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, Chicago, IL.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Early diagnosis and intervention in mass casualty events: Since September 2000, Israeli and Palestinian societies suffered great losses. on the Israeli side, civilians of all ages, and ethnic groups, have been exposed to various types of terrorist attacks. This symposium examines issues of diagnosis and interventions

The effect of a single session of EMDR on intrusive distress in acute stress syndromes: Purpose: To examine the efficacy of a single session of a modified abridged EMDR protocol in reducing Acute Stress Syndromes (ASS) following accidents and terrorist bombing attacks. Methods: Treatment was provided, in a general hospital inpatient and out-patient setting to 86 patients with ASS. Friday: 11:00 a.m. – 12:15 p.m. Presenters are underlined and discussants are italicized. If serving in both roles, they are both underlined and italicized. Findings: Fifty percent reported immediate fading of their intrusive symptoms and general alleviation of their distress, 27% described partial alleviation of their symptoms, while 23% reported no improvement. Four week and six month follow-up, in the terror victims group only, showed that the immediate responders remained symptom free, while half of the non-responders, who also received subsequent additional interventions modalities, were still symptomatic. Conclusions: The difference in response may be attributed, in part, to the fact that immediate responders tended to have an uncomplicated ASS with fewer risk factors for PTSD, while the non-responders had higher exposure to former traumas and endorsed more risk factors for PTSD. These results support other anecdotal reports on the rapid effects of brief EMDR intervention in uncomplicated cases and offer a psycho-physiological hypothesis for immediate response. While additional controlled studies are essential, this immediate symptomatic relief may be a potential addition for focused interventions in acute trauma victims.

Keywords: Acute Stress Disorder ASD Bombings Israel Palenstine Panel Symposium Terrorists

Accuracy Verified: Yes

157. Greenwald, R., & Seubert, A. (2010, September/October). The effect of resolving early memories on the level of distress associated with later memories: Two cases. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Minneapolis, MN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Trauma therapists must make clinical judgments about which memories to target in what order, taking into account the palticular client's abiiity to tolerate a potentially challenging trauma-focused session (eg., see Greenwald, 2007). Greenwald & Schmitt (2008) previously found that working on an earlier "floated back to" - presumably thematically related - memory led to signiiicantly reduced SUDS on the later untreated memory. However, the participants were non-trearment seeking therapists, and the reduced SUDS was found immediately following treatment of the carlier memory. The questions for thc present study: Does this beneficial effect occur with real clients in treatment? Does this beneiiciai effect persist over time?

Keywords: Case Report Memories Poster

Accuracy Verified: Yes

158. Kutz, I., Resnik, V., & Dekel, R. (2008). The effect of single-session modified EMDR on acute stress syndromes. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 2(3), 190-200. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.2.3.190.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
A single session of a modified, abridged EMDR protocol was provided in a general hospital inpatient and outpatient setting to 86 patients with acute stress (AS) syndrome suffering from intrusion distress following accidents and terrorist bombing attacks. Fifty percent reported immediate fading of intrusive symptoms and general alleviation of distress, 27% described partial alleviation of their symptoms and distress, while 23% reported no improvement. Partial and nonresponders were provided with or referred for more comprehensive treatment. At 4-week and 6-month follow-up, the immediate responders in the terror victims group remained symptom free. The immediate responders tended to have uncomplicated AS symptoms with fewer risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), while the nonresponders had higher exposure to former traumas and endorsed more risk factors for PTSD. These results support other anecdotal reports on the rapid effects of brief EMDR intervention on intrusive symptoms in early uncomplicated posttraumatic cases. Although more controlled studies are essential, this immediate method for symptomatic relief may be a potential addition for focused interventions in acute trauma victims.

Keywords: Acute Stress Disorder ASD Intrusions Mass Casualty Event MCE Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

159. Freund, B., Ironson, G., & Bira, L. (2012, October). The effect of three treatments for recent trauma on trauma-related cognitions. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Arlington, VA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Objective: To determine whether (and which) of three brief (4 session) interventions would reduce trauma related cognitions: EMDR, stress management with a trauma focus (SMT), or four sessions of expanded Psychological First Aid (PFA).

Keywords: PFA Psychological First Aid SMT Stress Management with a Trauma Focus

Accuracy Verified: Yes

160. Manfield, P. (2006, September). Effective EMDR targeting with couples. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Philadelphia, PA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The workshop begins with a discussion of which clients this technique is appropriate for. The technique is not recommended for couples in which either or both partners do not have adequate affect tolerance, observing ego, or trust of each other's integrety. Other risk factors for using EMDR in couples therapy that have been highlighted in other presentations and literature will be briefly reviewed. Participants will learn to differentiate between clients' statements that represent present experience and those that represent concepts of present experience or reporting of past experiences. Participants will be taught specific interventions which they will practice in guided exercise that will enable them to facilitate both individuals and couples to stay in their present experience during EMDR targeting. Irrational emotional responses to daily interactions and conflicts are often the result of unresolved issues resulting from underlying feeder memories. Participants will learn a simple method for identifying underlying issues of each individual partner related to a given conflict. The final and most substantial portion of this presentation will be focused on using a refined "affect bridge" technique to identify the feeder memories associated with those issues so that they can be targeted with the standard EMDR protocol. Specific methods will be taught to overcome clients' resistance and difficulties with accessing memories; these methods include use of accessing cues (re: Neurolinguistic Programming) and developing eidetics (re: Eidetic Psychotherapy) These methods will be illustrated using a case transcript, guided participant experiential exercise, and live demonstration.

Keywords: Couples Couples Therapy Targeting

Accuracy Verified: Yes

161. George, A., Thilly, N., Rydberg, J. A., Luz, R., & Spitz, E. (2013, March). Effectiveness of EMDR treatment in PTSD after childbirth: A randomized controlled trial protocol. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. doi:10.1111/aogs.12132.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
A traumatic experience of childbirth is an important public health issue (1; 2). Approximately 1-2% of women suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following childbirth (3). To date, no large research project has attempted to evaluate psychotherapeutic interventions for women suffering from PTSD after childbirth in a randomized controlled trial (4). Qualitative pilot studies and clinical expertise suggest that eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) treatment is a highly successful psychotherapy for women suffering from traumatic birth (5;6). © 2013 Nordic Federation of Societies of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Acta Obstetricia etGynecologica Scandinavica.

Keywords: Childbirth Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

162. Altan Aytun, O., Ozcan, G., Ciftci, A,. Konuk, E. Yuksek, H., Karakus, D., Cavusoglu S., & Vatan Ozcelik, D. (2010, June). The effects of early EMDR interventions (EMD and R-TEP) on the victims of a terrorist bombing in Istanbul. In Treatment of children/acute stress. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Presenter: Filiz Kaya
The present study is carried out within a psychological counseling project which is governed by Istanbul metroplitan Municipality. The study was designed to assess the effects of Early EMDR Intervention (EEI) on the victims of a terrorist bombing in Gungoren, Istanbul. Subjects were the victims of a terrorist bombing in Gungoren, Istanbul. The participants were selected from a pool of children and adults, who lived in Gungoren and scored high on the Turkish version of 'Impact of Event Scale' (IES) and PTSD Symptom Checklist. The subjects were contacted 2 days after the bomb attack so that we were able to measure the event impact right after the traumatic experience, which will help us to demonstrate how EMDR affects the impact of the event more accurately. Eye Movement Desensitization (EMD) as an EEI technique was used to treat the child participants, whereas Recent Traumatic Event Protocol (R-TEP) which incorporates the EMD and Recent Event (RE) protocols, was received by the adult participants The therapists (EMDR certified therapists, who were receiving supervision) met with the participants weekly to work only on the trauma of the bombing and participants completed impact of Event Scale prior to each session. The number of the sessions was restricted to the completion of EMD and R-TEP. The study is completed with a three month follow-up. Analyses of the data collected from the participants demonstrates the level of effectiveness of EMDR in children and adults, in prevention of PTSD and the use of EMDR as a crises intervention tool.

Keywords: Acute Stress Bombing Early Interventions EMD Istanbul Recent Events R-TEP Symposoium Terrorism

Accuracy Verified: Yes

163. Istanbul Metropole Municipality. (2009, June). The effects of early interventions (EMD) and (R-TEP) on the victims of a terrorist bombing in Istanbul. In A. de Jongh (Chair), PTSD research. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Bombings Early Intervention EMD, R-TEP Istanbul Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Recent Events Research Symposium Terrorist

Accuracy Verified: Yes

164. Stapleton, J. A., Taylor, S., & Asmundson, G. J. (2006, February). Effects of three PTSD treatments on anger and guilt: Exposure therapy, eye movement sensitization and reprocessing, and relaxation training. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 19(1), 19-28. doi:10.1002/jts.20095.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This study sought to investigate the efficacy of prolonged exposure, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), and relaxation training on trait anger and guilt and on trauma-related anger and guilt within the context of PTSD treatment. 15 PTSD patients completed each treatment and were assessed at posttreatment and at 3-month follow-up. All three treatments were associated with significant reductions in all measures of anger and guilt, with gains maintained at follow-up. There were no significant treatment differences in efficacy or in the proportion of patients who worsened on anger or guilt measures over the course of treatment. Between-treatment effect sizes were generally very small. Results suggest that all three treatments are associated with reductions in anger and guilt, even for patients who initially have high levels of these emotions. However, these PTSD therapies may not be sufficient for treating anger and guilt; additional interventions may be required. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Anger Canadians Exposure Therapy Guilt Longitudinal Study Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Relaxation Therapy Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

165. Oppermann-Schmid, F. (2010, Oktober). Effektivität der behandlung mit EMDR bei traumafolgestörungen in der allgemeinarztpraxis [Effectiveness of treatment with EMDR for trauma related disorders in the general practice]. EMDRIA Deutschland e.V.Rundbrief, 21, 24-25.

Language: German

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Patienten mit Traumafolgestörungen suchen meistens frühzeitig ihren Hausarzt auf. Das liegt einerseits daran, dass der Hausarzt in unserem Gesundheitssystem für den Erstkontakt kurzfristig zur Verfügung steht und gegebenenfalls zum Facharzt weiterleitet. Zum anderen besteht meist eine langjährige und tragfähige Beziehung: Vertrauen zum Hausarzt seitens des Patienten und ein guter Einblick in die persönliche und gesundheitliche Situation des Patienten seitens des Hausarztes.

Patients with traumatic stress disorders often look to their GP early. This is One reason that the doctor in our health care system for the first contact available at short notice and, where appropriate, will forward to the specialist. On the other there is usually a long and lasting relationship: trust on the part of the family doctor Patients and a good insight into the personal and health situation of the patient by the family doctor.

Keywords: General Practice Practice Theory Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

166. Ruozzi, A. (2002). Efficacia dell'EMDR nella psicoterapia del PTSD e dei ricordi traumatici [Effectiveness of EMDR psychotherapy on PTSD and traumatic memories]. Retrieved from http://www.psicotraumatologia.com/pubblicazioni_psicotraumatologia_italiane.htm on 10/13/2012.

Language: Italian

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
L’EMDR inoltre progredisce su altri due versanti: da un lato incorpora al suo interno spunti teorici ed applicativi provenienti da diversi paradigmi psicoterapeutici allo scopo di potenziare l’efficacia e la flessibilità (Shapiro, 1995); dall’altro lato, si cerca di applicare il metodo a disturbi che vanno oltre al PTSD. Attualmente nei differenti paesi del mondo le persone che hanno effettuato un training organizzato dall’EMDR Institute sono circa 30.000.In Italia i primi corsi sull’EMDR sono stati condotti nel febbraio 1999 e sono attualmente coordinati dall’Associazione EMDR Italia, a sua volta riconosciuta e patrocinata dalla EMDR Europe (Giannantonio, 2000). L’associazione ha sede a Milano e dispone di un sito internet: www.emdritalia.it. Il dibattito sull’efficacia di questo metodo è tuttora aperto e sono numerose e contrastanti le ricerche che si sono svolte su questo argomento. La questione ha assunto a tratti i toni dello scontro ideologico e sono subentrati anche problemi di carattere commerciale, un metodo che si propone come più efficace e più rapido nella terapia di alcuni disturbi psicologici non può non essere valutato come un rivale, soprattutto in una realtà come quella del Nord America dove le spese per la psicoterapia sono pagate dalle assicurazioni (Giannantonio, 2000). L’EMDR è uno dei metodi che vanta il maggior numero di conferme sperimentali nella psicoterapia del PTSD. Questo gli ha consentito nel 1995 di essere considerata “trattamento probabilmente efficace” (valutazione A/B) nella terapia del PTSD dalla Task Force on Psychological Intervention dell’American Psychological Association. Questa valutazione di efficacia è uguagliata solo dallo Stress Inoculation Training e dalle terapie basate sull’esposizione (Chambless et al., 1998). Gli studi prodotti sull’efficacia dell’EMDR sono numerosi (per una rassegna vedi Giannantonio, 2000), molti sono criticabili perché mal strutturati e con grossi problemi di validità. Esistono tuttavia una serie di studi ben organizzati che si sono dimostrati inattaccabili sul piano metodologico... Questi studi tuttavia commettono uno o più dei seguenti problemi: 1) Impiegano una o due sedute di EMDR con reduci del Vietnam forse anche a causa dell’equivoco suscitato dalla stessa Shapiro (1989) che riferiva risultati importanti nei confronti del PTSD con una sola seduta di EMDR nel 100% dei soggetti. Una tale concezione dell’EMDR non è quella più attuale e condivisa (Shapiro, 1995). 2) Trattano con l’EMDR solo uno o due episodi traumatici in soggetti che devono essere considerati “pluritraumatizzati” (Shapiro, 1999). La presente Tesi è divisa in due parti: nella prima di carattere essenzialmente bibliografico ho analizzato la letteratura esistente sull’EMDR e sul PTSD. Nel secondo capitolo descriverò il Disturbo Post-Traumatico da Stress analizzando i vari approcci teorici al problema del trauma. Nel terzo capitolo verrà analizzata la teoria dell’EMDR ovvero il modello esplicativo ritenuto più adeguato che fa riferimento alla “elaborazione accelerata dell’informazione”. Il quarto capitolo, che conclude la prima parte, riporta il protocollo standard di somministrazione dell’EMDR per adulti e adolescenti. Nella seconda parte viene riportata la descrizione della ricerca che si sta producendo in collaborazione con l’EMDR Italia che si propone di valutare l’efficacia dell’EMDR. Nel quinto capitolo viene descritto il disegno sperimentale. Nel sesto capitolo viene analizzato il metodo di campionamento e i presupposti di validità della ricerca. Nel settimo capitolo sono descritti i test che si è deciso di analizzare nel corso della presente tesi. Infine l’ottavo capitolo si concentra sull’analisi dei primi dati emersi dalla ricerca e sulle prime conclusioni.

EnglishSpanishArabicAlpha EMDR also progressing on two other fronts: on the one hand it incorporates theoretical insights and applications from different psychotherapeutic paradigms in order to enhance the effectiveness and flexibility (Shapiro, 1995), on the other hand, it tries to apply the method to problems that go beyond PTSD. Currently in different countries of the world, people who have a training organized dall'EMDR Institute 30.000.In Italy are about the first courses on EMDR have been conducted in February 1999 and is currently coordinated by the Association EMDR Italy, in turn recognized and sponsored by the EMDR Europe (Giannantonio, 2000). The association is based in Milan and has a website: www.emdritalia.it. The debate on the effectiveness of this method is still open and they are many and conflicting research that took place on this topic. The issue has assumed at times the tone of the ideological battle and were replaced also problems of a commercial nature, a method is proposed as a more effective and faster in the treatment of certain psychological disorders can not be assessed as a rival, especially in a situation such as North America where the cost of psychotherapy are paid by insurance (Giannantonio, 2000). EMDR is one of the methods which has the highest number of experimental confirmation in psychotherapy for PTSD. This enabled him in 1995 to be considered "probably efficacious treatment" (rated A / B) in the treatment of PTSD by the Task Force on Psychological Intervention of the American Psychological Association. This assessment of effectiveness is equaled only by the stress inoculation training and exposure-based therapies (Chambless et al., 1998). Studies on the effectiveness of EMDR are numerous products (for review see Giannantonio, 2000), many are questionable because poorly structured and serious problems of validity. There are however a number of well-organized studies that have proven resistant in terms of methodology: ...... These studies, however, have committed one or more of the following problems: 1) They use one or two sessions of EMDR with Vietnam veterans possibly because of misunderstanding caused by the same Shapiro (1989) who reported significant results against PTSD with a single session of EMDR in 100% of subjects. Such a conception of EMDR is not the most current and shared (Shapiro, 1995). 2) They deal with EMDR only one or two traumatic events in people who should be considered "pluritraumatizzati" (Shapiro, 1999). This thesis is divided into two parts: the first character essentially bibliographic I analyzed the existing literature on EMDR and PTSD. In the second chapter I will describe the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder analyzing the various theoretical approaches to the problem of trauma. In the third chapter we will analyze the theory of EMDR or the explanatory model deemed more appropriate that refers to the "accelerated processing of information." The fourth chapter, which concludes the first part shows the standard protocol of administration of EMDR for adults and adolescents. In the second part shows the description of the research that is being produced in collaboration with the EMDR Italy that aims to assess the effectiveness of EMDR. In the fifth chapter describes the experimental design. In the sixth chapter analyzes the sampling method and the conditions for validity of the research. In the seventh chapter describes the tests it was decided to analyze the course of this thesis. Finally, the eighth chapter will focus on early evidence from research and initial findings.

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

167. Renfrey, G. (1993). The efficacy of eye movement desensitization in the treatment of trauma related imagery and cognitions: A partial dismantling procedure. Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo MI. AAT 9412220.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
This study investigated the effects of eye movement desensitization (EMD) on post-traumatic sequelae, and attempted a partial dismantling of the procedure to determine the necessity of EMD's characteristic eye movements. 23 persons participated in three groups: (1) those receiving standard EMD, (2) those receiving a variant of EMD in which eye movements were engendered through a light tracking task, and (3) those receiving a variant of EMD in which fixed visual attention replaced eye movements. All participants had experienced traumata as defined by the DSM-III-R and were having intrusive symptoms of PTSD at pre-treatment. All but two met full DSM-III-R criteria for PTSD. Each received two to six treatment sessions.Dependent variables included heart rate changes, subjective units of distress ratings, validity of both initial and targeted trauma-related cognitions during trauma-related imagery, overall frequency and intensity scores on the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale, anxiety and depression T-scores on the Symptom Checklist (SCL-90-R), and scores on the Impact of Events Scale. Assessments were conducted at pre- and post-treatment and at a one- to three-month follow-up. All three interventions produced significant, positive changes in all dependant measures between pre- and post-treatments. Further, these changes were maintained at follow-up. No significant differences between groups were observed. These changes were of comparable magnitude to those reported elsewhere, but were brought about through a greater number of treatment sessions. It was concluded that EMD does bring about fairly rapid therapeutic changes in those post-traumatic sequelae measured, though not as efficiently as most previous reports have suggested. Further, it was concluded that the eye movements peculiar to EMD are not a necessary component of the procedure. The similarities and differences between the present findings and previous reports are discussed, as are the limitations and implications of the present study. Recommendations for future work are made. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Clinical Trial Partial Dismantling Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

168. Fátima Panangeiro, M. F., Torres, A. F. S., Fernandez, R. M., & Trajano, S. R. (2012, Novembro). Eicácia do EMDR na prevenção e cura do transtorno de estresse pós-traumático em vítimas de terremoto [Efficacy of EMDR in the prevention and treatment of PTSD with victims of an earthquake]. In comunicações de pesquisa. Apresentação no II Congresso Brasileiro de EMDR, Brasília, Brasil.

Language: Portuguese

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Introdução: Sabemos que quando uma pessoa vivencia um incidente crítico, essa exposição tem impacto considerável sobre seu funcionamento global. Assim, para assegurar a recuperação dos militares brasileiros que estavam no Haiti, escolhemos a técnica EMDR criada pela Dra.Francine Shapiro, que encontra respaldo teórico em descobertas recentes no campo neuropsicológico para realizar as intervenções. Justificativa: O EMDR é uma técnica eficaz, que permite que o trauma armazenado na memória de curto prazo passe para a memória de longo prazo, uma vez que com os estímulos criam-se novas conexões neurais que trazem alívio, paz e aceitação. Atualmente existem mais de 20 estudos randomizados que apoiam sua eficácia. Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia da técnica EMDR na recuperação de vítimas de terremoto no Haiti, que apresentavam Transtorno Estresse Pós-Traumático e/ou Transtorno Estresse Agudo. Método: O estudo foi realizado com 14 militares sobreviventes do terremoto ocorrido no Haiti em janeiro de 2010, divididos em dois grupos: A (soterrados) e B (não soterrados). Foram utilizados para avaliação: entrevista inicial entrevista inicial e final, os testes IES- Escala de Impacto de Eventos e ISSL - Inventário de Sintomas de estresse de Lipp (antes e após a intervenção), EMDR, e reencontro (follow-up) seis meses após o último atendimento. Resultados: De acordo com os resultados obtidos no IES, os sujeitos que tinham o nível de estresse entre grave, moderado e leve, passaram após a intervenção para o nível leve e recomendado. Em relação aos sintomas físicos e emocionais (flashbacks, insônia, pesadelos, agressividade, instabilidade de humor e aumento no consumo de álcool), os sujeitos não apresentavam mais a queixa ao término das intervenções. Conclusões: Com base nos resultados apresentados podemos afirmar que o EMDR é uma técnica eficaz para resolução do transtorno estresse pós-traumático, assim como na sua prevenção, em vítimas de terremoto.

Introduction: We know that when a person experiences a critical incident, such exposure has considerable impact on their overall functioning. Thus, to ensure the recovery of the Brazilian military who were in Haiti, we choose the EMDR technique created by Dra.Francine Shapiro, who finds theoretical support in recent discoveries in the field to perform neuropsychological interventions. Rationale: The EMDR is an effective technique that allows the trauma stored in short-term memory to pass the long-term memory, since with the stimuli it creates new neural connections that bring relief, peace and acceptance. Currently there are more than 20 randomized trials that support its effectiveness. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of EMDR technique in the recovery of victims of the earthquake in Haiti, which had Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and / or Acute Stress Disorder. Method: The study was conducted with 14 military survivors of the earthquake in Haiti in January 2010, divided into two groups: A (buried) and B (not buried). All patients were evaluated: initial initial interview and final interview, tests IES-Impact of Events Scale and ISSL - Symptom Inventory stress Lipp (before and after the intervention), EMDR, and reunion (follow-up) six months after the last treatment. Results: According to the results of the IES, the subjects who had the stress level between severe, moderate and mild, passed after the intervention to the level recommended lightweight. Regarding the physical and emotional symptoms (flashbacks, insomnia, nightmares, aggression, mood instability and increased consumption of alcohol), subjects no longer had the complaint at the end of the interventions. Conclusions: Based on the presented results we can state that EMDR is an effective technique for resolution of post-traumatic stress disorder, as well as its prevention, earthquake victims.

Keywords: Acute Stress Disorder Brazil Earthquake Haiti Military Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Prevention PTSD Treatment Victims

Accuracy Verified: Yes

169. Tripolt, R. (2012, June). EMDR in Motion. Using movement and body oriented therapeutic interweaves for complex trauma and dissociative symptoms [EMDR en movimiento. Usar el movimiento y la terapia orientada al cuerpo para traumas complejos y síntomas disociativos]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
"The Body Keeps the Score" (B. v.d. Kolk, 1996) Clients who suffer from traumatic stress are often afraid about disturbing and painful somatic symptoms. Structural dissociation alienates from body reactions. Nevertheless it is the body that "holds" the discomfort and painful memory of neglect and violence. Trauma Survivors tend to perceive their body as hostile. They suffer from Alexithymia deficiency of interpreting the meaning of body reactions and muscle activation. Trauma Survivors are easily irritated and tend to react with rage on very slight provocations and freeze when they are frustrated. Even minor problems cause fear and helplessness. The Polyvagal Theory (S. Porges 2010) proves the neurological aspect of behavioral patterns. Neurozeption describes how we perceive others in a neurological way. Certain behavioral patterns are established through life experiences. This research underlines Francine Shapiros AIP model and confirms the importance of a body orientated approach. We know that experiencing the effect of eye movement -‐ and other bilateral stimulation, is a gentle and powerful way to bring the voice of the body into the therapeutic space. EMDR helps to integrate cognitive, emotional and body sensations. Using movement and body orientated skills in difficult processes f.e. with severely and/or early traumatised clients, even enhances the effect of EMDR. Content of the Workshop: Short theoretical implications: Polyvagal Theory and AIP Model. Stabilisation and Movement -‐ creating a „Moving Container“: How to create a safe place of relationship and attachment between the client and the therapist by using movement and bodywork? The body is the most powerful resource: How to use movement to access this power. How to recognize and dissolve dissociation by body and movement awareness. EMDR Process and Movement : How to widen the „window of tolerance“ by using movement and deeper levels of body consciousness. Adding a fourth level of attention to the EMDR process: cognition -‐ emotion -‐ body scan -‐ movement. Movement and reflex feedback as interweave technique in difficult processes. Methods used in the Workshop: Lecture and Video Presentation. Practical demonstration of some movement orientated techniques. Discussion.

“El cuerpo lleva la cuenta” (B. v.d. Kolk, 1996), los clientes que sufren de estrés traumático tienen a menudo miedo sobre sus síntomas somáticos preocupantes y dolorosos. La disociación estructural aliena las reacciones del cuerpo, sin embargo es el cuerpo el que “mantiene” el disconfort y el recuerdo doloroso de negligencia y violencia. Los supervivientes a un trauma suelen tender a percibir su propio cuerpo como hostil. Sufren de Alexitimia, deficiencias para interpretar las señales corporales y la activación muscular. Son fácilmente irritables y tienden a reaccionar con ira, con leves provocaciones y se “congelan” cuando están frustrados. Incluso problemas de fuerza menor causan miedo y desesperanza. La teoría polivagal (S. Porges 2010) prueba el aspecto neurológico de los patrones de comportamiento. La neurocepción describe cómo percibimos a los otros desde un punto de vista neurológico. Ciertos patrones de comportamiento están establecidos a través de las experiencias vitales. Esta investigación se basa en el modelo SPIA de Francine Shapiro y confirma la importancia del enfoque orientado al cuerpo. Sabemos que al experimentar el efecto de la estimulación ocular, y otras estimulaciones bilaterales, es un camino poderoso y suave para traer la voz del cuerpo dentro del espacio terapéutico. EMDR facilita la integración cognitiva emocional y corporal. Usar el movimiento y las habilidades orientadas al cuerpo en los procesos difíciles con clientes traumatizados, severamente o tempranamente, incluso amplifica el efecto terapéutico del EMDR Contenido del taller: Implicaciones teóricas: Teoría Polivagal y modelo SPIA Estabilización y movimiento – Crear un “recipiente de movimiento” Cómo crear un lugar seguro en relación al apego entre el cliente y el terapeuta usando movimiento y trabajo corporal. El cuerpo es el recurso más poderoso: Cómo usar el movimiento para acceder a este poder. Cómo reconocer y disolver la disociación en el cuerpo y la atención al movimiento. Procesamiento EMDR y movimiento: Cómo ampliar la "ventana de tolerancia" mediante el uso de movimientos y niveles más profundos de la conciencia del cuerpo. Añadir un 4 nivel de atención al procesamiento de EMDR: Cognición-‐Emoción-‐ Escáner corporal-‐movimiento.

Keywords: Body Oriented Therapeutic Interweaves

Accuracy Verified: Yes

170. Quinn, G. (2012, June). EMDR & acute stress syndrome/EMDR in early intervention - Immediate ERP treatment following trauma. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Victims of immediate trauma often exhibit “silent terror” or extreme stress and often are likely to develop PTSD. The Emergency Response Procedure (ERP), described in the Humanitarian Assistance Program’s (HAP) Disaster Manual and Marilyn Luber’s: EMDR Scripted Protocols: Basic and Special Situations (2009) was developed to deal with victims of natural and manmade disaster within minutes to hours of exposure to trauma. Learning objectives: Participants in this workshop will learn how to respond to clients in the immediate aftermath of trauma, utilizing ERP. This will be understood within the overall context of the principles of Psychological First Aid. This same basic approach can be applied in the event of strong abreaction during the initial phase of history-‐ taking and prior to the Preparation Phase of EMDR or at other times of treatment when patients exhibit strong emotional reactions. Similarly, treatment with ERP may also be considered for patients exhibiting this “silent terror” or extreme stress during initial treatment by first responders at the scene of an accident or in ambulances en route to medical facilities. A pilot study (in press) will be presented showing effectiveness at possibly preventing PTSD 2 years later compared to “treatment as usual”

Las víctimas del trauma inmediato frecuentemente exhiben “terror silencioso” o estrés extremo y a menudo son susceptibles de desarrollar TEPT. El Procedimiento de Respuesta en Emergencia (ERP), descrito en el Manual de Catástrofes de los Programas de Asistencia Humanitaria (HAP) y en el libro de EMDR Scripted Protocols: Basic and Special Situations (2009) ha sido desarrollado para lidiar con víctimas de desastres naturales y causados por el hombre a los minutos u horas de haber sido expuesto al trauma. Objetivos de aprendizaje: Los participantes de este taller aprenderán cómo responder a los clientes en los momentos siguientes al trauma, utilizando PRE. Esto se entenderá en el contexto general de los principios de los Primeros Auxilios Psicológicos. Este mismo enfoque básico se puede utilizar en el caso de una abreacción fuerte durante la fase inicial en la que se realiza la historia del paciente y antes de la Fase de Preparación de EMDR o en otras ocasiones durante el tratamiento cuando los pacientes muestran reacciones emocionales fuertes. De manera similar, el tratamiento con PRE puede considerarse también para pacientes que muestran este “terror silencioso” o estrés extremo durante el tratamiento inicial llevado a cabo por los servicios de asistencia en emergencias en la escena del accidente o en las ambulancias de camino a las instalaciones médicas. Un estudio piloto (en prensa) será presentada mostrando la efectividad de la posibilidad de prevenir el TEPT 2 años después comparándolo con “tratamiento habitual.”

Keywords: Acute Stress Syndrome Early Intervention

Accuracy Verified: Yes

171. Smyth, N. J., & Rogers, S. (2002, June). EMDR & cognitive behavior therapy: Exploring shared and distinctive active components. Open discussion at the Society for Psychotherapy Research International Conference, Santa Barbara, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
There has been extensive debate about the active treatment components involved in Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing (EMDR); one commonly stated perspective is that EMDR is simply a repackaged cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). This discussion will explore the active components of EMDR and CBT for the treatment of PTSD. In order to provide a shared context for discussion, it will begin with a brief overview of the interventions (EMDR, Exposure, Stress Inoculation Therapy), including some video clips of the interventions. Following this, key questions will be presented for discussion by the entire group, such as: "What shared components are evident?" "What research designs would be appropriate to evaluate components?" "What process and outcome measures might be included to shed light on mechanisms?" Participants will be also encouraged to offer their own questions for discussion.

Keywords: Cognitive Behavior Therapy Integrative Treatment Models Open Discussion Psychotherapy Mechanisms

Accuracy Verified: Yes

172. Gilman, S., & Marshall, J. (2011, August). EMDR & the first responder: Bringing hope and healing to those suffering in silence with hidden symptoms. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Orange County, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
First Responders” (Police Officers, Firefighters, Emergency Medical Technicians (EMT), Paramedics, Dispatchers), live with cumulative stress while intervening in traumatic human experiences. While most of us believe they are psychologically ‘tough’ and resilient, enabling them to tolerate repeat exposure, many suffer in silence. This presentation will expose the hidden stress-filled world of First Responders, the ongoing stigmas which block appropriate interventions, how psycho-education and EMDR treatment can result in healthier, more productive first response teams. EMDR Case examples will enlighten and inspire those who attend.

Keywords: First Responders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

173. Korn, D. (2010, April). EMDR & the treatment of adult survivors of childhood abuse and neglect: EMDR aanpassingen voor disregulatie bij Complexe PTSS [EMDR adaptations dysregulation in complex PTSD]. Keynote presented at the 4th EMDR Association Netherlands Conference, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Wanneer clienten met vroege, chronische traumatisering door middel van EMDR behandeld worden, moet de therapeut vaak als een soort ‘psychobiologische regelaar’ functioneren, om ervan verzekerd te zijn dat cliënten binnen hun Window of Tolerance blijven. De EMDR therapeut dient daarvoor actief te zijn in het bepalen van het optimale tempo van het verwerkingsproces gedurende de EMDR zitting. Dit is van belang om toegang te kunnen krijgen tot de eerder gedissocieerde kennis, gedragsmatige impulsen, gevoelens, en/of sensaties, en deze te kunnen blijven verdragen. De therapeut moet in staat zijn de signalen van disregulatie (bv hyper/hypo-arousal, bevriezen, dissociëren) te herkennen en door middel van specifieke interweaves erop in te kunnen spelen, om de cliënt in het proces te houden en te helpen met het verwerken van diverse aspecten met betrekking tot verantwoordelijkheid, veiligheid en keuze. Deze keynote zal een kader neerzetten voor het werken met complexe PTSS en disregulatie. Een aantal specifieke technieken, gericht op het omzeilen van therapeutische valkuilen bij deze chronisch getraumatiseerde cliënten, zullen kort worden besproken. Dit zal verduidelijkt worden door middel van opnames van EMDR sessies waarin er van moment tot moment de interacties tussen de therapeut en de cliënt geanalyseerd zullen worden. In de eendaagse workshop op de maandag na het congres zal veel uitvoeriger ingegaan worden op de ‘hoe, wat, wanneer en waarom vragen’ in de behandeling van Complexe PTSS.

When clients with early, chronic trauma treated by EMDR, the therapist often as a kind of 'psychobiological regulator "function, to satisfy itself that its customers remain within their Window of Tolerance. The EMDR therapist is therefore to be active in determining the optimal pace of the process during the EMDR session. This is important in order to be granted access to the previously dissociated knowledge, behavioral impulses, feelings, and/or sensations, and to continue to bear. The therapist should be able to dysregulation of signals (e.g. hyper / hypo-arousal, freezing, dissociate) to recognize specific interweaves through it in order to respond to the client in the process to keep and help in processing various aspects of responsibility, security and choice. This keynote will provide a framework drop for working with complex PTSD and dysregulation. Some specific techniques designed to circumvent these therapeutic pitfalls in chronically traumatized clients, will be briefly discussed. This will be clarified by means of recordings of sessions in which EMDR is from moment to moment interactions between therapist and client will be analyzed. The one-day workshop on the Monday after the congress will be much more detailed presentation on the 'how, what, when and why questions "in the treatment of Complex PTSD.

Keywords: Abuse Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Complex PTSD C-PTSD Keynote Neglect

Accuracy Verified: Yes

174. Roques, J. (2008, Mai). EMDR - Une révolution et un changement de paradigme thérapeutiques [EMDR – A therapeutic revolution and paradigm shift]. Présentation à la Conférence EMDR Canada, Montréal, Québec, Canada.

Language: French

Format: Conference

Abstract:
La présentation comporte trois volets. Le premier volet présente le fondement neurologique de l’EMDR qui est centré sur les réseaux neuronaux de la mémoire - ce qui permet une compréhension nouvelle des phénomènes dissociatifs et qui fait ressortir le potentiel du traitement en EMDR. Le deuxième volet aborde les applications de ce cadre théorique à l’ensemble des manifestations pathologiques : traumatismes simples et complexes, intoxications psychiques, épisodes psychotiques brefs et même certains cas de début de schizophrénie. Le troisième volet démontre à quel point l’EMDR bouleverse notre compréhension de la pathologie et de son traitement et de ce fait, constitue un véritable changement de paradigme thérapeutique. Cette compréhension nouvelle des phénomènes neuropsychologiques sous-jacents, telle que soulevée par l’EMDR, permet de distinguer ce qui est utile de ce qui ne l’est pas dans la plupart des psychothérapies.

This opening workshop will focus on three axes : 1) The neurological basis of EMDR that focuses on the memory’s neural networks – which in turn allow a fresh understanding of dissociative phenomena and shows the potential of EMDR treatment. 2) The application of this theoretical understanding to the various expressions of psychopathology: simple versus complex PTSD – psychic poisoning – brief psychotic episodes- even certain cases of early schizophrenia. 3) As a conclusion, how EMDR shook up our understanding of pathology and its treatment, and how it provided the impetus toward a genuine paradigm shift. This new understanding of the underlying psychoneurologic phenomena brought on by EMDR helps us to determine what may be useful or not in the various psychotherapies.

Keywords: Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Complex PTSD C-PTSD Dissociation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

175. Adler-Tapia, R. L., & Settle, C. S. (2009, March). EMDR and adaptive information processing theory: A comprehensive approach to child psychotherapy. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, (1), 12-15.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Whether you are first learning about Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) or you have participated in EMDR training, the goal of this article is to provide the reader with a brief overview of strategies for using the full protocol with young children. To understand the process by which the phases of the protocol are applied with child clients, it is important to understand the theoretical underpinnings that Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) theory creates as a foundation for healing and health with children. After discussing the application of AIP to children, the chapter will continue with an overview of skills therapists can use to create a toolbox that can be integrated into the EMDR eight phase treatment protocol with references for additional study and training on using EMDR with children. Finally, therapists will begin to learn how to adapt the full EMDR protocol for effective psychotherapy through developmentally suited language and interventions with even the youngest of clients.

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP

Accuracy Verified: Yes

176. Herbert, C. (2001, May). EMDR and CBT interweave. Presentation at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, London, UK .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Cognitive interweaves are strategic interventions, whose utilisation relies upon therapist recognition of their necessity at given times during the EMDR procedure, and their effective use requires skilled therapeutic judgement and the introduction of the appropriate clinicianled cognitive material in order to counteract the blocked processing. The use of cognitive interweaves therefore diverges from the established EMDR protocol by introducing therapist generated material rather than just following the clients spontaneously processed material. It will be argued in this presentation that, due to the divergence from the established EMDR protocol, the effective implementation of cognitive interweaves, requires the knowledge of additional therapeutic strategies, predominantly those used in Cognitive Behaviour Therapeutic (CBT) approaches, which may not be readily accessible to EMDR practitioners not trained in this approach. This presentation aims to bridge the gap between the traditionally 'too-heavily protected' territories of CBT and EMDR, by introducing some CBT strategies, such as 'Socratic Questioning (Padesky, 1993)' or the Cognitive 'Separation of the Past from the Present (Herbert & Wetrnore, 1999'), which might be usefully drawn on, in order to generate effective cognitive interweaves during the use of EMDR. Clinical examples from the presenter's work, as an UKCP Accredited Cognitive Behavioural Therapist and a Level 2 trained EMDR Practitioner, with clients suffering from complex PTSD, will be explored.

Keywords: CBT CBT Interweave Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Cognitive Interweave

Accuracy Verified: Yes

177. Rivas, C. (2012, April). EMDR and chronic illnesses. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Chronc diseases represent a complex area on the health-illness continuum. When a chronic disease is diagnosed, clients may require ongoing support to cope with life changes and management of their health. During this workshop, participants will be introduced to the general aspects of chronic diseases and how clients’psychological symptoms can be understood from the Adaptive Information Processing(AIP) model. Also, EMDR clinicians will learn how to structure an intervention for different types of chronic diseases, using the 8 steps of the Basic Protocol, identifying the key issues for each condition, according to a past-present-future timeline. Examples will be based on cancer, diabetes, and HIV/AIDS cases.
Learning objectives: 1.Identify the challenges associated with chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes and HIV/AIDS 2. Utilize the Adaptative Information Processing (AIP) model to understand the psychological dimension of chronic diseases (e.g. anxiety, depression, guilt, shame, self-image issues, etcetera) 3. Use the EMDR basic protocol to structure interventions suitable for people living with human health conditions.

Keywords: Chronic Illnesses

Accuracy Verified: Yes

178. Farrell, D. (2008, October). EMDR and continuum trauma. Presentation at the 1st annual EMDR Autumn Workshop, York, UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The premise of this workshop will explore idiosyncratic characteristics encountered by survivors of continuum trauma and to then consider these experiences in light of the conceptual framework of PTSD. These idiosyncratic trauma characteristics have implications with regards to appropriate psychological interventions for survivors. This will be discussed in more detail in considering the utilisation of EMDR with this particular group.

Keywords: Continuum Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

179. Gonzalez, A., & Mosquera, D. (2012, June). EMDR and dissociation: The progressive approach. A. I. [Amazon.co.uk].

Language: English

Format: Book

Abstract:
After the first cautions for the use of EMDR in dissociative disorders, many proposals have been done to adapt EMDR procedures to this specific population. Interesting interventions have been done for the use of EMDR in the preparation phase, but in spite of these useful proposals, EMDR is still considered by many clinicians as an intervention that is limited for the treatment of traumatic memories. From this conceptualization, which we have called the all/nothing perspective, the use of EMDR is strongly limited. Many clinicians wait years for trauma reprocessing. As a consequence of this conceptualization, many EMDR therapists do not use EMDR with most of their dissociative clients, and just use it with highly functioning patients, sometimes after years of therapy with other approaches. In this workshop we will describe (and exemplify with clinical cases and videos) different interventions with EMDR in dissociative clients, from the preparatory phase, in what we have called a Progressive Approach. The way in which specific EMDR procedures can contribute to enhance recovery in survivors will be explained. For doing this, concepts from the different approaches and scientific knowledge about severe traumatization will be integrated with the Adaptive Information Processing Model from EMDR. The idea is to propose a holistic model for EMDR therapy in Dissociative Disorders. The interweaving between theoretical concepts and clinical procedures, theoretical developments and video examples, will allow the audience to assimilate information and translate it to their clinical practice. Therapist from approaches different from EMDR will understand what this therapy can offer to the treatment of severely traumatized people. EMDR therapists will learn new proposals of interventions at the different phases of the treatment. We will present different examples of interventions in severely traumatized patients: DID, DESNOS, BPD and Somatoform dissociation.

Keywords: Dissociation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

180. Shapiro, E. (2012). EMDR and early psychological intervention following trauma. Revue Européenne De Psychologie Appliquée/European Review of Applied Psychology, 62(4), 241-251. doi:10.1016/j.erap.2012.09.003.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Introduction: This article evaluates developments in the field of early psychological intervention (EPI) after trauma in general and the place of early eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) intervention (EEI) in particular. The issues and dilemmas involved with EPI and EEI will be outlined; related research presented and the current status evaluated. Literature and clinical findings: Reviewing the literature and drawing on findings from initial research and case studies, the rationale and contribution that EMDR therapy has to offer is discussed relative to current evidence and theory regarding post-traumatic stress syndromes and trauma memories. The relative advantages of EEI will be elaborated. Discussion and conclusion: It is proposed that EEI, while trauma memories have not yet been integrated, may be used not only to treat acute distress but may also provide a window of opportunity in which a brief intervention, possibly on successive days, could prevent complications and strengthen resilience. Through the rapid reduction of intrusive symptoms and de-arousal response as well as by identifying potential obstructions to adaptive information processing (AIP), EMDR therapy may reduce the sensitisation and accumulation of trauma memories.

Keywords: Early Psychological Intervention EPI Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

181. Paterson, M. J. (2009, March). EMDR and ego state therapy: Healing complex trauma and dissociation. Presentation at the EMDR Association UK & Ireland, Manchester, England UK .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
We all display particular patterns of thinking, feeling and acting, depending on the situation. The transition is usually seamless in well-adjusted people, but where there has been disrupted attachment or sustained early life trauma the result is often the formation of particular ego states, also known as alters, parts, or schema modes. These states perform roles usually geared towards survival, but in adulthood they can be dysfunctional. Depending upon a client’s early life experiences some ego states can be malevolent, wanting bad things for the client such as willing them to suffer in some way. It is necessary for clients to remain safe during EMDR sessions and contained between sessions. There is a need, therefore, to learn techniques to work with more difficult clients so they too can benefit from EMDR. It is also helpful to know how to deal with blocked processing due to the interference of an ego-state. This workshop provides an overview of dissociation and a review of models to explain it. There will be an explanation of Ego State Therapy (EST) and how it fits with EMDR. Clinical case material is used to illustrate learning points. Through demonstration and practice participants will learn how to access ego states in a controlled way and effect therapeutic change. In the latter part of the day, participants will see a video of a live case where EST is used effectively to moderate the malevolence displayed by two difficult ego states. Learning objectives  Understand the forms of dissociation  Understand the concept of ego state therapy.  Learn how to access ego states in a controlled way and effect therapeutic change.  Learn techniques to deal with difficult ego states.

Keywords: Dissociation Ego State Therapy Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

182. Paterson, M. (2010, April). EMDR and ego state therapy: Healing complex trauma and dissociation. Preconference presentation at the annual meeting for the European Society for Trauma and Dissociation, Belfast, Northern Ireland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
We all display particular patterns of thinking, feeling and acting, depending on the situation. The transition is usually seamless in well-adjusted people, but where there has been disrupted attachment or sustained early life trauma the result is often the formation of particular ego states, also known as alters, parts, or schema modes. These states perform roles usually geared towards survival, but in adulthood they can be dysfunctional. Depending upon a client’s early life experiences some ego states can be malevolent, wanting bad things for the client such as willing them to suffer in some way. These clients present us with the greatest challenges through what we know as complex trauma and dissociative disorders. It is necessary for clients to remain stable during EMDR sessions and contained between sessions, particularly with complex trauma and dissociative disorders. There is a need, therefore, to learn techniques to work in the Preparation Phase with more difficult clients so they too can benefit from the full EMDR protocol. It is also helpful to know how to deal with blocked processing in the Desensitization Phase due to the interference of an ego-state. This workshop initially provides an overview of dissociation and how it impacts on EMDR processing. There will be an explanation of Ego State Therapy (EST) and how it fits with EMDR to provide the stabilization clients need, as well as dealing with blocked processing. Clinical case material is used throughout to illustrate learning points. Through demonstration and practice participants will learn how to build resources for clients, access ego states in a controlled way and effect therapeutic change. In the latter part of the day, participants will see videos of live cases where EST is used effectively in the Preparation Phase of EMDR to: 1) identify the part-selves and 2) moderate the malevolence displayed by two difficult ego states. Learning objectives Understand how complex trauma and dissociative disorders impact EMDR processing Understand the concept of working with part-selves as a way of preparing clients for the standard EMDR protocol. Learn how to access ego states in a controlled way and effect therapeutic change and stability. Learn techniques to deal with difficult ego states.

Keywords: Dissociation Ego State Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

183. Peterson, M. 2010, April). EMDR and ego state therapy: Healing complex trauma and dissociation. Presentation at the 2nd Bi-Annual International European Society for Trauma and Dissociation Conference, Belfast, Northern Ireland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
We all display particular patterns of thinking, feeling and acting, depending on the situation. The transition is usually seamless in well-adjusted people, but where there has been disrupted attachment or sustained early life trauma the result is often the formation of particular ego states, also known as alters, parts, or schema modes. These states perform roles usually geared towards survival, but in adulthood they can be dysfunctional. Depending upon a client’s early life experiences some ego states can be malevolent, wanting bad things for the client such as willing them to suffer in some way. These clients present us with the greatest challenges through what we know as complex trauma and dissociative disorders. It is necessary for clients to remain stable during EMDR sessions and contained between sessions, particularly with complex trauma and dissociative disorders. There is a need, therefore, to learn techniques to work in the Preparation Phase with more difficult clients so they too can benefit from the full EMDR protocol. It is also helpful to know how to deal with blocked processing in the Desensitization Phase due to the interference of an ego-state. This workshop initially provides an overview of dissociation and how it impacts on EMDR processing. There will be an explanation of Ego State Therapy (EST) and how it fits with EMDR to provide the stabilization clients need, as well as dealing with blocked processing. Clinical case material is used throughout to illustrate learning points. Through demonstration and practice participants will learn how to build resources for clients, access ego states in a controlled way and effect therapeutic change. In the latter part of the day, participants will see videos of live cases where EST is used effectively in the Preparation Phase of EMDR to: 1) identify the part-selves and 2) moderate the malevolence displayed by two difficult ego states. Learning objectives Understand how complex trauma and dissociative disorders impact EMDR processing Understand the concept of working with part-selves as a way of preparing clients for the standard EMDR protocol. Learn how to access ego states in a controlled way and effect therapeutic change and stability. Learn techniques to deal with difficult ego states.

Keywords: Complex Trauma Dissociation Ego State Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

184. Paulsen, S. L. (2003, September). EMDR and ego state therapy: Energizing disowned aspects of self with dissociative table technique interwoven with EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Ego State Therapy is a tool for EMDR practitioners seeking to resolve looping, identify early childhood targets, enhance containment, and more. Dissociative Table is an ego state approach that enables rapid visualization of disowned ego states without formal trance induction. It energizes and egotizes aspects of self so that resistance can reduced through internal education and mediation. EMDR and ego state therapy can be interwoven to manage the level of affective arousal by creating closeness to or distance from disturbing material. The workshop will also present ACT-AS-IF, a step-by-step approach to preparing dissociative clients for EMDR processing.

Keywords: Act-As-If Dissociative Table Technique Ego State Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

185. Ostacoli:, L., Bertino, G., & Faretta, E. (2013, June). EMDR and health: EMDR brief treatment in medical conditions with a high emotional charge: A possible challenge. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Geneva, Switzerland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Stress and high emotional situations such as complex traumas have a negative influence on the psycho – physiologic adaptive process to illness. If these experiences are not elaborated, they could be stored as dysfunctional memories causing psychophysical vulnerability. EMDR treatment requires a proper detection and reprocessing of stressing memories in present and past events and in future templates, handling worries and fears.
Treatment protocol for serious medical diseases will be presented, focusing in the domains of Multiple Sclerosis and Oncology. Starting from the person and his system (biopsychosocial model), the main interest will be placed on case conceptualization and preparation of the project with EMDR, and then the identification of targets for further processing. From here, through the exposure of specific cases treated, we will work on bodily symptoms (the feeling perceived) through floatback to promote the connection of memories. The presentation of the research project and the first data obtained will follow.
The design helps the person to relate themselves to the traumatic material as something that they can see, represent, touch, by sharing and by exploring their resonances with the therapist; the design provides an emotional containment that allows the processing of intense emotions, reduces significantly the risk of dissociations, and allows the recovery of creative resources.
The fundamental aim of the model is to facilitate the building of a constructive relationship with themselves and with the “sick body”, by elaborating the traumatic events that have led to a dysfunctional self-image and explored, strengthened their resources with the aim of building the “navigation tools” and an effective “first-aid kit” for times of crisis. It will be presented the model of the intervention and the strategies proposed and used, through the presentation of clinical cases.
The analysis of the success factors and of the difficulties encountered will allow us to define a possible direction for future brief interventions with patients affected by complex organic diseases.
Learning objectives: To learn EMDR protocols adapted to deal with serious medical illnesses such as Cancer and Multiple Sclerosis; To analyse the therapeutic process by narrative and graphic material; and To learn specific features to deal with fears of loss and impairment

Keywords: Disease Medical Illness Multiple Sclerosis Oncology

Accuracy Verified: Yes

186. McNally, R. J. (1999, January-April). EMDR and mesmerism: A comparative historical analysis. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 13(1-2), 225-236. doi:10.1016/S0887-6185(98)00049-8.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is among the fastest growing interventions in the annals of psychotherapy. Although many psychologists have commented on its presumably unusual origins and dissemination, history reveals its many parallels with Mesmerism, a previous therapy that spread rapidly throughout 18th century Europe and America. The purpose of this article is to document the many striking similarities between the history of Mesmerism and the history of EMDR (ScienceDirect).

Keywords: Historical Account Mesmerism Shapiro

Accuracy Verified: Yes

187. Cole, M. (2010, July). EMDR and metacognitive therapy: Same destination, different language. Poster presented at the 38th Annual Conference of the British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Therapies, Manchester, UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The information processing model has been described in many different ways and is potentially the underlying process that describes the psychotherapy change process, regardless of orientation. In this poster I will briefly compare Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing and Meta-Cognitive Therapy in light of this information processing model and conclude that although they may use different language to describe their theories, a unifying information processing model describes both paradigms. Human beings are meaning making machines (Robbins, 2009). We give meaning to the world, the deeds we do and the interactions we have, as well as the more fundamental senses we experience (Frankl, 2004). Information arises either from external stimulus or internal process’s and this information goes through our filters where we delete, distort and generalise this information based on the rules created in our information processing unit (Fig 1). This information processing mechanism gives meaning to this filtered information and generates a response, this response interacts with this information and the cycle then repeats in a self regulatory manner. This process is repeated for everything we do; we are and continues until we die. Mental health issues arise when this self regulatory system fails to make a useful functional meaning of the information. Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) was developed by Francine Shapiro (1989) for the treatment of trauma memories and associated emotions, changing the meaning the person gives to their experiences. Metacognitive Therapy (MCT) was developed by Wells and Matthews (1984) as a way of defining the processes that underpin a range of psychological disorders. One of the features of psychological disorders such as anxiety or depression is that thinking becomes difficult to control and biased in particular ways that lead to a worsening and maintenance of emotional suffering. Many clients report that they feel that they have ‘lost control’ over their thoughts and behaviours. Another important feature is that the persons thinking and attention becomes fixed in patterns of brooding and dwelling on the self and threatening information. Both EMDR and MCT describe an information management/processing system that organises and carries out various tasks such as how to open a door, how to get dressed, how to be anxious, how to respond to a trauma memory Both therapies appear to change this system / process to something that is much more adaptive for the client, as if they change the master information management control programme that runs this system, in the same way a conductor influences the orchestra and the music they produce. Both models describe the same process, although they utilise different language to describe this change process. Perhaps a change of focus for the development of pychotherapy towards more process change models rather than content change interventions.

Keywords: Metacognitive Therapy Poster

Accuracy Verified: Yes

188. Standart, S., & Wood, C. (2011, October). EMDR and mindfullness. Presentation at the 3rd annual EMDR Autumn Workshop Conference, Durham, England.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
A presentation of on a case series of complex Type II PTSD for early childhood and adult trauma with scores of 50+ on the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) and using a phased approach to EMDR with mindfulness practice prior to EMDR. Descriptions of mindfulness practice and EMDR protocol use with outcome measure on the DES, Impact of Events Scale score (IES-R) and a depression Inventory will be presented Global outcomes such as occupational and social functioning will also be described for these clients. Working with clients with complex trauma and marked dissociation and how to develop a timely phased protocol for these difficult to engage clients. (Author abstract)

Keywords: Mindfulness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

189. van den Hout, M. A., Engelhard, I. M., Beetsma, D., Slofstra, C., Hornsveld, H., Houtveen, J., & Leer, A. (2011, December). EMDR and mindfulness. Eye movements and attentional breathing tax working memory and reduce vividness and emotionality of aversive ideation. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 42(4), 423-431, doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2011.03.004.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Methods. Working memory taxation by EM and AB was assessed in healthy volunteers by slowing down of reaction times. In a later session, participants retrieved negative memories during recall only, recall + EM and recall + AB (study 1). Under improved conditions the study was replicated (study 2). Results. In both studies and to the same degree, attentional breathing and eye movements taxed working memory. Both interventions reduced emotionality of memory in study 1 but not in study 2 and reduced vividness in study 2 but not in study 1. Limitations. EMDR is more than EM and MBCT is more than AB. Memory effects were assessed by self reports. Conclusions. EMDR and MBCT may (partly) derive their beneficial effects from taxing working memory during recall of negative ideation

Keywords: Attentional Breathing Mindfulness Working Memory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

190. Spierings, J. (2013, June). EMDR and mourning. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Geneva, Switzerland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Working with mourning clients can be difficult. To face the irrevocability of loss and to stand helpless and empty-handed as a therapist is a heavy burden. Sometimes it seems there is nothing we can do to help our clients. Yet there are many ways in which EMDR can contribute to help our clients to live a valuable life after a serious loss.
In this presentation the psychodynamics of complicated mourning are discussed. Treatment strategies and treatment techniques (both EMDR and combined techniques) are developed for specific patterns of complicated mourning (i.e. denied mourning, postponed mourning, chronic mourning, distorted mourning, traumatized mourning, somatized mourning).
Some non-EMDR techniques (rituals, Gestalt dialogue, writing assignments, imagination techniques) will be integrated into EMDR treatment. Also practical interventions to address resistance and affect regulation problems will be discussed.
Learning Objectives: What are the key aspects of using EMDR with issues of grief and mourning; Outline the core characteristics of stabilization and resourcing for this population; Review the range of cognitive interviews that have an application when evidence of blocked processing is apparent with this client group

Keywords: Grief Mourning Resourcing Stabilization

Accuracy Verified: Yes

191. McGoldrick, T., Begum, M., & Brown, K. W. (2008). EMDR and olfactory feference syndrome: A case series. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 2(1), 63-68. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.2.1.63.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Olfactory reference syndrome (ORS) is an illness currently considered a delusional disorder under the DSM-IV criteria. Patients believe that they emit a foul odor, causing them great emotional distress and negative social consequences. Its etiology is inadequately understood, and there is generally a poor response to pharmacological and psychotherapeutic interventions. This article describes the treatment of four consecutive cases of ORS whose pathological symptoms had endured for 8-48 years. The administration of EMDR consisted of processing the various life experiences that appeared to cause and/or trigger the pathology. The EMDR sessions resulted in a complete resolution of symptoms in all four cases, which was maintained at follow-up. Given the rapid and sustained results, we offer a hypothesis based on the Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) model to explain the etiopathology and remission. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing Model Adults AIP Case Report Delusional Disorder Females Olfactory Reference Symptoms ORS Shame Stressors Survivors Trauma Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

192. de Jongh, A. (2008, September). EMDR and phobias: Treatment of fears and phobias with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)[EMDR bei angst: Und panikstörungen]. Pre-Congress presentation at the European Congress of Hypnosis, Vienna, Austria.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) has been shown to be a structured, noninvasive, time-limited, and evidence-based treatment for the processing of memories of traumatic conditioning events and related symptomatology. There is a growing body of evidence showing the effectiveness of EMDR for specific phobias, a group of conditions that have been found to be more prevalent than any other group of psychiatric disorders studied. This workshop focuses on EMDR as a treatment approach for fear reactions related to - and avoidance of - specific objects and situations. The participants will learn: 1) about the fascinating possibilities of using EMDR in their work 2) how EMDR can be applied with clients who suffer from fears and phobias 3) to assess clients with patterns of fearful avoidance and to identify strategically important memories of earlier negative learning experiences for processing 4) to integrate EMDR interventions into a general (hypno)therapeutic approach. This will be illustrated by segments of video taped treatment sessions of clients suffering from a broad diversity of phobias (e.g., dental phobia, vomiting phobia, shark phobia).

Keywords: Phobias Dental Phobias Shark Phobias Vomiting Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

193. Chandarasiri, P. (2008, June). EMDR and play therapy in traumatised children. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Young children who are not yet fully developed mentally can not differentiate the past traumatic memory from the present reality and in metabolising disturbing trauma memories. Children usually mix their past experience and the present through play to help them connect the pieces of experience into a narrative that is understandable for them. Every piece of trauma in the past is integrated into their life and may adversely influence their personality formation. Trauma work with children through play and EMDR techniques can be helpful in preventing such distortion, especially among disable children. EMDR method was applied to a 10 years old boy with learning disability. He was separated from his family and stayed at the residential home. He had his past experience of witnessing domestic violence since early infancy. The injuries sustained by his mother had caused great concern for him. He also experienced sexual abuse by another boy which was reflected in sex play with his peers. He had attention problem, aggressive behaviours together with difficulty in regulating his moods. Because of his limitation, he preferred to communicate his emotions through action and play rather than verbally. His preoccupation was expressed through figures fighting that typically resulted in death. During the play session, the therapist would intermittently take a pause with him and the bilateral tapping was applied corresponding with the event in play, for example checking through the worst event, the negative event, the positive event, the strength, the changes taking place in their mind and the play. Most of his play started with the fighting and ended with the good figures won. The installation was applied at the end. His behaviours were monitored at the residential home and at the school. It was found later that he could control his anger better and he was able to tell the caretakers showing that he was aware of his feelings and his behaviours. The conclusion can be drawn that the use of bilateral stimulation during play therapy has facilitated changes in his behaviours, affects, and communication.

Keywords: Children Play Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

194. Lipke, H. (2000). EMDR and psychotherapy integration: Theoretical and clinical suggestions with focus on traumatic stress. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

Language: English

Format: Book

Abstract:
This book is about what I have learned about EMDR and its clinical use, especially with combat veterans. It is also about what trying to understand how EMDR works has taught me about psychotherapy in general. That second lesson is what I call the Four-Activity Model (FAM) of Psychotherapy, which grows out of a concept that Francine Shapiro refers to as Accelerated Information Processing (AIP). Shapiro's AIP description gives name to the idea that learned psychopathology can be considered dysfunctional held information, including thoughts, emotions, sensations, and behavior, that can be modified more quickly than previously believed by most therapists. The Four-Activity Model is an attempt to conceptualize how psychotherapeutic activity can be used most efficiently to reprocess dysfunctional held material and thereby resolve psychological problems.Finally, this book is about what psychotherapy in general has taught me about EMDR. Even in her early explanations of EMDR, Shapiro taught that it was an integrative method, that it relied on the lessons learned by years of clinical work using dynamic, behavioral, and humanistic methods. In this book I will attempt to elaborate on that relationship and offer specific therapeutic suggestions that will rely on the wisdom of previously established therapeutic methods, as well as the wisdom of past philosophical inquiry and religion. The book starts with EMDR, proceeds to try to describe how EMDR and other methods can be integrated into an overall model of psychotherapy, and then works its way back to the concrete practical integration of psychotherapy in general. The second half of the book has a practical focus on examples that are created mostly from my experience working with combat trauma. I hope that readers will see how these examples of interventions are easily generalized to other learning-based problems. [Author Introduction]

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Stressors Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

195. Konuk, E., & Epozdemir, H. (2010, July). EMDR and strategic family therapy. Presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Strategic Family Therapy developed some 50 years ago by a handful of visionaries at MRI (Mental Research Institute) in Palo Alto, California. This is why sometimes it is known as the “Palo Alto Group”. The kind of therapy evolved at that time changed the therapy world radically. The major shift was that: • The theory was a theory of change. The emphasis was on change rather than to understand how and why problems exist. • The focus was relationships rather than the phenomena going on under the skin of an individual. This meant that the way the therapist approached the clients was Systemic or interactional. • Strategic map was large enough to allow the therapist work with almost any kind of problem, borrow and use different techniques that belong to other approaches without conflict and confusion. • At that time therapy meant globally 4-5 sessions a week for many years. This was reduced to an average of 7-10 sessions. So when a therapist learned one of the Family Therapies, he learned essentially how to do therapy briefly. One of the approaches that EMDR therapists may integrate efficiently into their practice is Family Therapy. It may speed up the therapy especially when both trauma and relationships are particularly having a role in the formation and maintenance of the problem. In this workshop, the participants will learn: • The basic principles and techniques of Strategic Family Therapy, • Why and how change occurs, • When Strategic Family Therapy is called upon for help, • How interventions are designed and implemented.

Keywords: Strategic Family Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

196. Konuk, E. & Epozdemir, H. (2010, March). EMDR and strategic family therapy. Presentation at the XVIII World International Family Therapy (IFTA) Congress, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract: Strategic Family Therapy developed some 50 years ago by a handful of visionaries at MRI (Mental Research Institute) in Palo Alto, California. This is why sometimes it is known as the “Palo Alto Group”. The kind of therapy evolved at that time changed the therapy world radically. The major shift was that: • The theory was a theory of change. The emphasis was on change rather than to understand how and why problems exist. • The focus was relationships rather than the phenomena going on under the skin of an individual. This meant that the way the therapist approached the clients was Systemic or interactional. • Strategic map was large enough to allow the therapist work with almost any kind of problem, borrow and use different techniques that belong to other approaches without conflict and confusion. • At that time therapy meant globally 4-5 sessions a week for many years. This was reduced to an average of 7-10 sessions. So when a therapist learned one of the Family Therapies, he learned essentially how to do therapy briefly. One of the approaches that Family and Marriage Therapists integrate efficiently into their practice is EMDR. Though EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is relatively new in the therapy world, now it is credited by many professional and governmental organizations as either “treatment of choice” or a valid psychotherapy approach. Especially when trauma is particularly have a role in the formation of the problem, then EMDR is a “life saver” for the therapist. In this workshop, the participants will learn: • The basic principles and techniques of EMDR and Strategic Family Therapy • Why and how change occurs • When EMDR is called upon for help • How interventions are designed and implemented The cases will be presented by live video recordings of sessions.

Keywords: Strategic Family Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

197. DeGraffenried, D. F. (2002, June). EMDR and TANF recipients: Effective home-based interventions. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Diego, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
As a result of domestic violence many women who receive Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) develop PTSD and other anxiety disorders. Participants in this workshop will: 1) be able to summarize the components of a home-based model of EMDR that helps TANF recipients resolve domestic abuse and reduce barriers to employment; 2) evaluate the advantages of using EMDR in a strength based, solution oriented, capitated, home-based model; and 3) via a powerpoint presentation and videos, identify five specific skills that support the successful use of EMDR in home-based settings.

Keywords: Home-based Interventions Needy Families TANF

Accuracy Verified: Yes

198. DeGraffenried, D. F. (2007, March). EMDR and Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) recipients: A case study of trauma treatment in the home. EMDRIA Newsletter, 12(1), 6-9.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
This article, in case study format, seeks to expand how we think about and use EMDR in agency and community mental health settings. EMDR has been slow to grow in agency settings, and this article challenges the stereotype that EMDR is impractical in community mental health settings by describing the use of EMDR in a time-limited, homebased, solution-oriented framework within a non-profi t community family service agency. The client was a Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) recipient who had been the victim of domestic violence and who had developed post traumatic stress disorder.

Keywords: Home-based Interventions Needy Families TANF

Accuracy Verified: Yes

199. de Jongh, A., & ten Broeke, E. (2009). EMDR and the anxiety disorders: Exploring the current status. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 3(3), 133-140. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.3.3.133.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Based on the assumptions of Shapiro's adaptive information-processing model, it could be argued that a large proportion of people suffering from an anxiety disorder would benefit from eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). This article provides an overview of the current empirical evidence on the application of EMDR for the anxiety disorders spectrum other than posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Reviewing the existing literature, it is disappointing to find that 20 years after its introduction, support for the efficacy of EMDR for other conditions than PTSD is still scarce. Randomized outcome research is limited to panic disorder with agoraphobia and spider phobia. The results suggest that EMDR is generally more effective than no-treatment control conditions or nonspecific interventions but less effective than existing evidence-based (i.e., exposure-based) interventions. However, since these studies were based on incomplete protocols and limited treatment courses, questions about the relative efficacy of EMDR for the treatment of anxiety disorders remain largely unanswered.

Keywords: Anxiety Disorders Panic Disorder Specific Phobia

Accuracy Verified: Yes

200. Gelinas, D. J. (2011, August). EMDR and the phobias of structural dissociation in treating complex traumatization. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Orange County, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Managing dissociative interference when treating individuals with early repetitive traumatization requires recognition, then direct intervention. The “phobias of structural dissociation” are especially helpful in recognizing the less readily apparent dissociative interferences. These refer to the individual’s fear and avoidance of their own internal experiencing, (e.g., thoughts, parts, memories) rather than the traditional fear of external objects or processes. They can be responsible for failures to establish the therapy or Safe Place, refusal of EMDR, looping, “stuck” NCs, etc. This presentation describes the phobias (with clinical illustrations), recognition markers, and a stepped hierarchy of EMDR interventions to manage dissociative interferences.

Keywords: Complex Trauma Phobias Structual Dissociation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

201. Nickerson, M. (2008, June). EMDR and the treatment for angry and violent behaviours. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop will assist the EMDR clinician to more effectively treat angry and violent behaviour. It will include an initial review of the prevalence, impact and dynamics of the problem. The common cyclical nature of violent acting out will be depicted as well as other characteristics in a spectrum of hostile behaviours including perpetrator state and trait issues. Current non-EMDR clinical approaches and the evolving field of domestic violence will be reviewed to aid the EMDR clinician in skilfully integrating into existing clinical contexts and to appreciate the unique capacities of EMDR. The primary focus of the workshop will be on special considerations in the successfully tailored use of the 8-Phase Treatment approach. Clients with problematic anger or violent behaviour present many challenges for the often undertrained clinician and commonly avoid, resist and manipulate treatment or drop out prematurely. Keys to successful clinical engagement, risk assessment and case formulation will be highlighted as critical to early phases of treatment. A metaphor based guide to case formulation will be presented and a decision-tree style flow chart will be offered to inform treatment planning including determining client readiness for trauma processing. EMDR offers the potential for desensitizing the trauma that often drives violent behaviour. Considerations in the identification, prioritization and sequencing of targets for processing will be outlined. This will include use of the cycle of violence model for target identification. Multiple clinical examples will be offered to illuminate points including video taped case material.

Keywords: Anger Violence

Accuracy Verified: Yes

202. Korn, D. L. (2011, August). EMDR and the treatment of complex PTSD. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Orange County, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop will focus on integrating EMDR into an overall recovery plan in working with adult survivors of childhood abuse and neglect. Individuals with histories of chronic victimization often struggle with extreme vulnerability and shame, heightened dissociative tendencies, and limited affect tolerance. In considering their unique needs, strategies for modifying and supplementing standard EMDR protocols will be explored. Fears and blocking beliefs commonly seen in this population will be discussed, along with suggestions for effective cognitive interweave interventions. In addition, significant attention will be devoted to integrating EMDR ego strengthening and resource development protocols into all phases of treatment. This program will include lecture, videotape presentations, and case discussion.

Keywords: C-PTSD Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Complex PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

203. Korn, D. L. (2009). EMDR and the treatment of complex PTSD: A review. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 3(4), 264-278. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.3.4.264.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) covers a wide range of conditions, ranging from patients suffering from a one-time traumatic accident to those who have been exposed to chronic traumatization and repeated assaults beginning at an early age. While EMDR and other trauma treatments have been proven efficacious in the treatment of simpler cases of PTSD, the effectiveness of treatments for more complex cases has been less widely studied. This article examines the body of literature on the treatment of complex PTSD and chronically traumatized populations, with a focus on EMDR treatment and research. Despite a still limited number of randomized controlled studies of any treatment for complex PTSD, trauma treatment experts have come to a general consensus that work with survivors of childhood abuse and other forms of chronic traumatization should be phase-oriented, multimodal, and titrated. A phaseoriented EMDR model for working with these patients is presented, highlighting the role of resource development and installation (RDI) and other strategies that address the needs of patients with compromised affect tolerance and self-regulation. EMDR treatment goals, procedures, and adaptations for each of the various treatment phases (stabilization, trauma processing, reconnection/development of self-identity) are reviewed. Finally, reflections on the strengths and unique advantages of EMDR in treating complex PTSD are offered along with suggestions for future investigations.

Keywords: Childhood Trauma Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Complex PTSD C-PTSD DESNOS Psychotherapy Research Review

Accuracy Verified: Yes

204. Nickerson, M. (2007, September). EMDR and treatment for angry and violent behaviors. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Assocation, Dallas, TX.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Much can be gained as the EMDR clinician develops sharper awareness of the dynamics of angry and violent “acting out” behavior. An AIP informed approach can aid in case formulation with these issues and lead to accelerated client gain. The cyclical nature of violence will be depicted, as well as other common characteristics in a spectrum of hostile behaviors, including perpetrator state and trait issues. The presentation will demonstrate ways in which EMDR processing can work in conjunction with widely used cognitive-behavioral interventions and, with careful target selection, offer opportunities for desensitization of the trauma that often drives them. Discussion will highlight advantages of an EMDR approach in minimizing problematic transferential issues with “resistant” clients. Theory and practice will be illuminated by a case presentation and clinical anecdotes. Graphic, user-friendly therapeutic tools will be offered. Implications for the use of this model in treating other cyclical “acting out” behaviors will be explored.

Keywords: Anger Violence

Accuracy Verified: Yes

205. Epozdemir, P., Haciomeroglu, S., & Konuk, E. (2012, June). EMDR and treatment of stuttering: Towards a protocol [EMDR y el tratamiento del tartamudeo: Hacia un protocolo]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Stuttering can be defined in general terms as disturbance in the fluency of speech. Stuttering shows itself with psychological reactions as abstaining from talking, being afraid of making mistakes and with motor reactions as tics in different parts of the body, elongations, repetitions of the words and hesitations. In addition stuttering people are often observed to avoid speaking in certain situations, with certain people, showing social anxiety, high levels of distress and muscle contractions before and/or while speaking. They are also noted to experience relational difficulties and poor quality of life related to all the above factors. Even though there are different etiological approaches for stuttering, we observe that people with stuttering problem have early childhood traumas. Throughout their lives, other traumatic events, mostly related to stuttering; feelings of humiliation, inadequacy, rejection and others worsen the problem. According to our limited number of cases working with those traumas significantly decreases our clients’ social anxiety and this improvement is positively reflected to the fluency of their speech. In this workshop, we will first give general information about stuttering and its etiology, emphasize how relations are organized around stuttering and with video clips we will present how we approach the treatment of stuttering from an EMDR perspective.

En términos generales, se puede definir el tartamudeo como una alteración en la fluidez del lenguaje. El tartamudeo se manifiesta a través de reacciones psicológicas tales como abstenerse de hablar, tener miedo de equivocarse y con reacciones motrices como tics en distintas partes del cuerpo, prolongaciones, repeticiones de las palabras y vacilaciones. Es más, a menudo se observa que las personas que sufren del tartamudeo evitan hablar durante ciertas situaciones, con algunas personas en particular; muestran ansiedad social, niveles altos de estrés, y contracciones musculares antes y/o mientras hablan. También se ve que sufren dificultades con las relaciones y una mala calidad de vida relacionada con los factores previamente mencionados. Si bien existen planteamientos etiológicos distintos para tratar el tartamudeo, hemos observado que los individuos con problemas de tartamudeo han sufrido eventos traumáticos en la infancia. A lo largo de sus vidas, otros sucesos traumáticos, en su mayoría relacionados con el tartamudeo; sentimientos de humillación, ineptitud, rechazo y otros empeoran el problema. En nuestra experiencia limitada, el trabajo con estos sucesos traumáticos disminuye significativamente la ansiedad social de nuestros clientes y dicha mejoría se refleja positivamente en la fluidez de su habla. En este taller, empezaremos por ofrecer información general acerca del tartamudeo y su etiología; señalaremos cómo se organizan las relaciones entorno al tartamudeo y, con vídeos, presentaremos nuestra forma de afrontar el tratamiento del tartamudeo desde la perspectiva de EMDR.

Keywords: Stuttering

Accuracy Verified: Yes

206. Mitchell, J. T., & Solomon, R. M. (1995, June). EMDR applications to critical incident stress management. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
A critical incident is any situation that causes unusually strong emotional reactions that have the potential to interfere with a person's ability to function immediately after the incident or later. These are situations that overwhelm a person's sense of vulnerability and/or control. A critical incident stress debriefing (CISD) is a psychoeducational group meeting or discussion about a traumatic incident which ideally takes place within 72 hours of the event. The goals of a CISD are to mitigate the psychological impact of a traumatic event, prevent subsequent development of a post-traumatic syndrome, accelerate recovery, and serve as an early identification mechanism for people who need further follow-up, including EMDR. The steps of a CISD include: 1) introduction - to introduce the intervention team, explain the process, and set expectations. 2) fact - to describe the event from each participant's perspective on a cognitive level. 3) thought - to allow participants to describe cognitive reactions and to transition to emotional reactions. 4) reaction - to identify the most traumatic aspect of the event for participants. 5) symptom - to identify personal symptoms of distress and transition back to the cognitive level. 6) teaching - to educate as to normal reactions and adaptive coping strategies 7) reentry - to clarefy ambiguities and prepare for termination; access for follow-up. In the opinion of the authors, the CISD facilitates the processing of the traumatic information before it becomes crystallized in dysfunctional form. EMDR can be very effective shortly following a CISD, and is particularly usehl for participants who are experiencing distress or intrusive symptoms after the CISD. The CISD structure helps the participant understand the traumatic impact of the incident and provides support and guidance toward adaptive resolution. The EMDR process begins where the CISD leaves off. The CISD helps to delineate the traumatic image, negative cognition, and emotions associated with the event, making the subsequent EMDR process more efficient. EMDR appears to have a very powerful and rapid effect after the CISD, perhaps, because of the initial processing. In other words, the CISD initiates an adaptive processing of the traumatic information; EMDR completes it. EMDR can be implemented individually immediately following the CISD, or the next day. While the CISD is a group process, EMDR is an individual method. EMDR can be explained during the teaching phase of the CISD or after the CISD to the whole group, but EMDR treatment is done individually and privately. EMDR can go beyond a CISD in targeting previous traumas that may underlie the current incident, delve deeper into the meaning of the incident for the person, and target specific stimuli that are relevant to the individual (e.g. Smells, tastes, etc.). The workshop will discuss the application of EMDR to critical incidents. The protocol for recent events will be reviewed. Guidelines for negative and positive cognitions will be discussed. For example, a critical incident usually involves issues of responsibility ("Is it my fault?"), Safety ("Am I safe?"), And/or control ("Do I have choices in life?). It is important that such dynamics are understood when formulating the negative cognition. The dynamics of fear, a framework for understanding a critical incident and resolving issues of vulnerability and powerlessness, will be presented. The model discusses the importance of going beyond defining the moment of peak stress to elucidating subsequent thoughts, actions, and decisions. The implications for cognitive interweaves will be discussed.

Keywords: CISM Critical Incidence Stress Management Recent Events

Accuracy Verified: Yes

207. Lawrence, M. A. (1998, December). EMDR as a special form of ego state psychotherapy, Part I of II. EMDRIA Newsletter, 3(4), 7, 13-15, 24-25.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Ego state therapy has become an increasingly recognized and utilized form of psychotherapy over the past 2 years although it has been used primarily by hynotherapists in the context of the treatment of dissociative disorders. The use of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) has also expanded extremely rapidly over the past ten years, primarily in the treatment of acute and chronic Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). It is the thesis of this paper that EMDR can be conceptualized as a special form of ego state therapy. EMDR’s unique contribution to the ego state therapy process is in its subtle but profound, impact on the associative/dissociative process, and ego state therapy can be considered a meta model for informing EMDR therapeutic interventions, particularly with regard to impasses.

Keywords: Ego State Therapy Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

208. Lawrence, M. A. (1999, March). EMDR as a special form of ego state psychotherapy, Part II. EMDRIA Newsletter, 4(1), 9, 14-15, 34.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Keywords: Ego State Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

209. Royle, L. (2008). EMDR as a therapeutic treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 2(3), 226-232. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.2.3.226.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a condition characterized by a new and persistent fatigue unexplained by other conditions and resulting in a substantial reduction in the individual's activity levels. Current treatment includes psychotherapeutic procedures such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, pharmacological interventions, and graded exercise therapy. This article considers the effectiveness of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) for the condition of CFS. The case study describes the use of EMDR with a 49-year-old male client who had suffered debilitating CFS for nearly 5 years despite accessing other treatment methods. After 9 sessions, the client indicated that his energy levels were significantly higher, his need for sleep had reduced (from 15-20 hours to 9.5 hours in a 24-hour period), and he was able to resume employment. Results suggest that EMDR may be useful in treating CFS within a personalized treatment plan.

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP Case Study CFS Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Treatment Efficacy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

210. Royle, E. (2008, June). EMDR as a therapeutic treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS): A case study. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome is a condition that is characterized by a new and persistent fatigue, unexplained by other conditions, and resulting in a substantial reduction in the individual’s activity levels. Current treatment includes psychotherapeutic procedures such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy), pharmacological interventions and Graded Exercise Therapy. This paper considers the effectiveness of Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) for the condition of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS). The anonymised case study describes the use of EMDR with a client who had suffered debilitating CFS for nearly 5 years despite accessing other treatment methods. Results would suggest that EMDR may be of use in treating CFS within a personalized treatment plan.

Keywords: CFS Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Poster

Accuracy Verified: Yes

211. Giannantonio, M. (2003, May). EMDR as an assessment tool in complex models of post-traumatic states. In Dissociation and theoretical models. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Rome, Italy.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Though EMDR is normally conceived as a psychotherapeutical approach or, at least, as a clinical method with psychotherapeutical aims, any EMDR practitioner also knows it’s a useful means to make subtle diagnostic remarks on the client. Despite its importance, this matter has never been methodically studied in depth, but it’s informally discussed among clinicians when exchanging subtle pieces of information on micro-interventions and strategies employed in everyday practice. My purpose is therefore to make a report on EMDR as an assessment tool. Some cases will show how a full comprehension of EMDR as an assessment tool requires much more complex etiological and maintenance models of post-traumatic disorders than usually seen in part of the literature.[Author abstract]

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

212. Lackie, B. (2004). EMDR as an early itervention in trauma and disaster mental health. Presentation at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Honolulu, HI.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Summarizes a presentation discussing EMDR as an early intervention in trauma and disaster mental health. EMDR is one of the more effective preventative approaches to the effects of disaster and trauma which has emerged over the past ten years. This part of the presentation will review the research findings for effectiveness of this particular approach to reducing the risks of future PTSD, comparing and contrasting it to the alternative approaches presented by the panel. Please see the attached author submitted abstract for more detailed informatoin on EMDR.

Keywords: Disasters Intervention Mental Health Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Prevention Risk Factors Trauma Treatment Effectiveness Evaluation

Accuracy Verified: No

213. Fernandez, I., Baldassarre, G., & Dutton, P. (2003, May). EMDR as an early treatment with survivors of mass catastrophes. In Treatment of survivors of mass disasters. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Rome, Italy.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Mass Disasters Recent Events Survivors Symposium Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

214. Fernandez, I. (2008, June). EMDR as an elective treatment with children survivors of mass disasters. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This paper describes the application of EMDR as an early trauma-focused treatment with children involved in mass disasters (natural disasters, accidents and intentionally provoked). EMDR treatment was part of a comprehensive treatment with the population and was the elective treatment for the children of elementary schools which were the most exposed to the traumatic events. In most cases, 3 cycles of EMDR treatment were organized at one month, three months and a year from the critical event. Individual sessions were used for the school children due to the serious exposure to trauma and grief including: threat to life, loss of friends and sibling. Psychological support and EMDR treatment were provided to parents and school personnel and this aspect has been considered in the last interventions fundamental to enhance treatment results in children. Results of questionnaires and clinical interviews to assess post-traumatic symptomatology before and after treatment will be shown, along with follow up data. Treatment group show a significant improvement after EMDR treatment. Statistical analysis of results will be discussed. The author will highlight clinical aspects of using EMDR with children following recent trauma of great magnitude. The post-traumatic stress reactions of this group in developmental age will be discussed. EMDR treatment for parents and other adults involved in the disaster has proved to be critical when dealing with children’s symptomatology. Guidelines and indications for structured interventions coming from our field studies will be presented.

Keywords: Children Elective Treatment Mass Disasters Recent Events Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

215. Rougemont-Bucking, A. (2010, June). EMDR based treatment of psychotraumatic antecedents in illicit drug abusers: A report of two cases. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Background: EMDR has been recognized to be an efficacious treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Other, more recent indications comprise anxiety disorders and substance use disorders (SUD). With regard to SUD, the application of EMDR iS very challenging as patients frequently suffer from many comorbidities. Another concern is the fact that the dissociative experiencing during EMDR-sessions can potentially weaken the patients' coping strategies and provoke relapse through activation of intense drug craving. General procedure. Sessions were proposed once a week. Specific techniques like 'Safe Place', the technique of absorption, heart coherence training and ClPOS were applied prior to proposition of the standard EMDR-protocol. Drug consumption and craving was regularly monitored by means of the patents' self-reports and drug craving scores. The therapist was regularly supervised on the basis of video recordings. Patient 1: A 49 year old man being diagnosed for PTSD and dependency of opiates and benzodiazepines asked to benefit form EMDR with regard to his PTSD symptoms. Patient was abstinent from heroine consumption but consumed midazolam 3 times per week when entering the therapy. Initial evaluation showed an Impact of Event Scale (IES) score of 60, a Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) score of 39.6 and a midazolam craving score of 14. Patient 2 :A 37 old man was diagnosed for borderline personality disorder and for dependency of opiates. Heroine consumption occurred 1 to 3 times per month when starting the therapy EMDR based therapy was proposed as he complained about pertinacious insomnia due to trauma-like events during his childhood. Initial evaluation showed a DES score of 7.8 and a heroine craving score of 17. Global impression: EMDR based treatment of severely affected SUD patients appears to be a difficult and challenging endeavor However, some beneficial effects on general comfort and on drug consumption can be observed. A long stabilisation phase seems to be mandatory and the standard EMDR protocol needs to be conducted with much flexibility as patients were not able to handle intensive emotional stress for a long time period. There was no provocation of a prolonged psychological crisis or of relapse. Experiencing of emotional stress could be limited to the sessions and dissociation could be absorbed with specific techniques without increasing permanently drug craving. Learning objectives: 1. EMDR-based treatment is feasible in severely affected drug abusers 2. Extensive stabilisation of the patient using flexible adaptation of EMDR-related techniques is mandatory 3. Dissociation occurring during treatment has to be addressed carefully as it can easily bridge into drug craving and relapse What is unique: EMDR-based treatment may be a suitable way to treat patients who are still abusing drugs as these interventions focus on maladaptive associations that arise from both trauma and substance related cues.

Keywords: Drug Abusers Heroine Psychotraumatic Antecedents

Accuracy Verified: Yes

216. Eckers, D. (2011, June). EMDR bei kindern [EMDR for children]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Vienna, Austria.

Language: German

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In der Arbeit mit kleinen Kindern ist bei EMDR der Einsatz von therapeutischen Erzählgeschichten hilfreich um eine Traumabearbeitung zu ermöglichen, auch wenn die Kinder nur wenig sprechen können. Aber auch bei größeren Kindern und Erwachsenen bieten sich durch das Narrativ Möglichkeiten, die eigene Geschichte traumatherapeutisch zu bearbeiten, selbst wenn die frühe Entwicklungsgeschichte (wie bei Adoptiv- und Pflegefamilien) regulär wenig zugänglich ist oder die Kinder eine Bearbeitung mit dem Standardprotokoll phobisch vermeiden. Durch hypnotherapeutische Einbettung kann das Traumanarrativ dem Kind auch schonend vermittelt werden. Learning objectives: Im Workshop sollen anhand von vielen Fallbeispielen und Videoausschnitten die verschiedenen Einsatzmöglichkeiten von Traumanarrativen und EMDR illustriert werden.

In working with young children is on EMDR allows the use of therapeutic Tell stories to help a trauma, even if the children can speak only a little. But even in older children and adults are offered by the narrative possibilities to deal with their own history trauma therapy, even if the early developmental history (as with adoptive and foster families) are regular little accessible or prevent the children worked on with the standard protocol phobic. By embedding hypnotherapy can also be conveyed to the child Traumanarrativ gently. Learning objectives: The workshop will be the basis of many case examples and video clips of the various uses of EMDR Traumanarrativen and illustrated.

Keywords: Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

217. ter Heide, J. J. (2010, April). EMDR bij getraumatiseerde asielzoekers en vluchtelingen: Wat is wijsheid? [EMDR with traumatized refugees and asylum seekers: What is wisdom?]. Presentatie Aan de Vierde congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Nijmegen, The Nederlands.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Inhoud: Sinds een aantal jaren schrijven de richtlijnen voor de behandeling van posttraumatische stress bij volwassenen, twee behandelingen voor: trauma-focused cognitieve gedragstherapie (TFCBT) en EMDR. Over de effectiviteit van deze behandelvormen bij asielzoekers en vluchtelingen bestaat in het veld nogal wat discussie. Asielzoekers en vluchtelingen zouden, door de complexiteit van hun traumatisering en van hun sociale omstandigheden, mogelijk niet goed in staat zijn tot "traumaverwerking" en meer baat hebben bij stabiliserende interventies. Naar de effectiviteit van TFCBT bij deze populatie zijn verschillende gerandomiseerde onderzoeken verricht. Over de effectiviteit van EMDR bij getraumatiseerde asielzoekers en vluchtelingen zijn tot nu toe geen gecontroleerde data bekend. In deze workshop wordt stilgestaan bij een aantal belangrijke aspecten van de behandeling met EMDR van getraumatiseerde asielzoekers en vluchtelingen. Werkvorm Er wordt informatie gegeven over de problematiek van deze doelgroep, en de mate waarin EMDR daar een oplossing voor biedt. Resultaten worden besproken van een pilot studie, waarin 20 getraumatiseerde asielzoekers en vluchtelingen behandeld werden met ofwel EMDR ofwel stabilisatie. Tevens worden twee casussen gepresenteerd van succesvolle en minder succesvolle EMDR bij een getraumatiseerde vluchteling. Discussie met de deelnemers wordt van harte verwelkomd, aangezien niemand nog de wijsheid in pacht heeft wat betreft de behandeling van deze doelgroep. Doel: Het doel van de workshop is de deelnemer te informeren over de problematiek van getraumatiseerde asielzoekers en vluchtelingen, en over de rol die EMDR zou kunnen spelen in de behandeling. Daarnaast is een doel het uitwisselen van ervaringen en meningen over de behandeling met EMDR van deze doelgroep.

Contents: For several years writing the guidelines for the treatment of posttraumatic stress in adults, two treatments: trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TFCBT) and EMDR. About the effectiveness of these treatment modalities for asylum seekers and refugees is in the field quite a lot. Asylum seekers and refugees would, by the complexity of their trauma and their social circumstances, may not be able to "trauma" and would certainly be stabilizing interventions. The effectiveness of TFCBT in this population, several randomized studies. About the effectiveness of EMDR with traumatized asylum seekers and refugees have so far been no controlled data are known. In this workshop looks at some important aspects of the EMDR treatment of traumatized asylum seekers and refugees. Form Information is given about the problems of this target group, and the degree of EMDR as a solution to offer. Results are discussed from a pilot study in which 20 asylum seekers and refugees traumatized treated with either EMDR or stabilization. It also presented two case studies of successful and less successful EMDR in a traumatized refugees. Discussion with the participants is highly welcomed, since no one has a monopoly of wisdom regarding the treatment of this group. Purpose: The aim of the workshop is to inform participants about the problems of traumatized asylum seekers and refugees, and the role that EMDR might play in treatment. It is also an aim of exchanging experiences and views on the EMDR treatment of this group.

Keywords: Asylum Seekers Refugees

Accuracy Verified: Yes

218. ter Heide, J. J. (2011, August). EMDR bij getraumatiseerde vluchtelingen [EMDR with traumatized refugees]. Psychologie & Gezondheid, 39(3), 180-185. doi:10.1007/s12483-011-0036-2.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
While EMDR is treatment of choice for traumatized adults with PTSS, its efficacy has not been validated with traumatized refugees. As long as no evidence is available for EMDR with this population, EMDR with refugees should be informed by theoretical approaches to treatment of PTSS in adults. Four approaches are discussed: the phased approach that advocates stabilization before EMDR; the multimodal approach that advocates combining EMDR with other interventions; the trauma-focused approach that advocates offering EMDR to all adults with PTSS, including refugees and, the transcultural approach that advocates a culturally sensitive administration of EMDR. Several pilot studies on EMDR with traumatized refugees, randomized controlled trials of EMDR with multiply traumatized populations, and a trial of EMDR in a non-western setting may further inform EMDR-therapists working with traumatized refugees. Suggestions are made for combining the four approaches and scientific evidence in treatment planning and execution of EMDR with this population. The EMDR protocol itself prescribes several interventions for treating multiply traumatized patients, such as resource development and installation, clustering of traumatic experiences, and cognitive interweaves. Additionally, culturally sensitive interventions may enable the refugee to actively partake in the treatment process by increasing motivation for trauma processing, by diminishing language barriers, and by facilitating the formulation of culturally congruent meanings to trauma. The question remains whether EMDR, which offers an individualistic approach to trauma, is sufficiently suited to address the collective traumatization of victims of war and organized violence.

Keywords: Refugees Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

219. Withers, D. (2000, December). EMDR bilateral movement groups for children with ADHD. EMDRIA Newsletter, 5(Special Edition), 11-13.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Using EMDR to treat children diagnosed with ADHD is challenging on many levels. Differentiating the effects of trauma versus pure ADHD or other diagnoses such as OCD, learning disabilities, and even autism is difficult at best because these symptoms could be present as the result of early trauma (Tinker, 1999). These experiences include birth trauma, illness, medical procedures and surgery as well as abuse or neglect (Becker, 2000). These children may be unintentionally further traumatized on a daily basis by parents, teachers, coaches and peers for missing social cues, being impulsive and disruptive and no paying attention or cooperating. They may not easily engage in therapy and tend to avoid new situations due to past failures and harbor negative views of themselves because of their belief that they somehow need to be “fixed.” These response could also be due to attachment disorders or to a “poor match” between temperament of parent and child (Bowlby, 1973).

Keywords: ADHD Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

220. Leeds, A. (2011, August). EMDR Case Conceptualization and Treatment Planning: How AIP leads to divergent strategies in different cases. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Orange County, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Many clinicians seek guidance with case formulation and predicting responses to EMDR reprocessing. This presentation integrates the AIP Model with adult attachment classification. Case examples illustrate clinical strategies for assessing attachment classification as a foundation for case formulation. This presentation proposes a symptom informed approach for cases with an Axis I focus – PTSD, depression, specific phobias and panic – from parallel models of de Jongh (2010), Korn (2004) and Leeds (2004, 2009). Criteria from Korn (2004, 2009), Leeds (2009) and Hofmann (2004, 2005) indicate when to consider containing and deferring reprocessing early life experiences in complex cases – personality disorders and complex PTSD.

Keywords: Adult Attachment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

221. Leeds, A. M. (1995, June). EMDR case formulation symposium. Symposium conducted at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The focus of this symposium will be on intermediate and advanced topics in EMDR case formulation in more challenging cases. The presentation will include how affect and schema theories can help organize and guide treatment planing and selection of protocols, targets and cognitions. Time will be allowed to discuss problem cases. The symposium will begin with an overview of the EMDR theoretical model and the role of metacognitions in the accelerated information processing paradigm. Guideposts to application will include principles such as: good enough cognitions and warning indicators fiom cognitions and the history taking of potential blocked responses. A model of EMDR case formulation issues will be presented involving treatment planning and selection of protocols, targets and cognitions. A fundamental issue in case formulation will be proposed as the extent to which the case involves simple adult trauma with a good premorbid history or is a more complex case conceptualized as involving some degree of neglect or pervasive failure of the early environment to provide healthy models of self-other interaction. Alternate treatment protocols will be offered for more complex cases presentations where there are insufficient healthy resources present to permit the successfull use of standard EMDR protocols even with creative application of cognitive interweave strategies. Protocols will be offered for "practice" EMDR sessions and for building up healthy internal resources in advance of targeting disturbing memories. Affect theory as developed by Silvan S. Tomkins and reviewed in Donald Nathanson's (1992) Shame and Pride, Affect Sex, and the Birth of the Self, W. W. Norton & Co, New York, and its relationship to EMDR will be considered. Emphasis will be on the biological theory of emotions, the nine innate affects, the central and unique role of shame in human development, and how affect theory supports EMDR theory and application. For example, EMDR theory emphasizes the central role of physiological and emotional responses and views cognitions as "distallations of experience" (Francine Shapiro, 1995, Eve Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, Basic Principles, Protocols, and Procedures, Guilford Press, NY). Shame and its attendant distorted self concepts is a central problem in PTSD and other pervasive traumageric disorders. Aspects of this case formulation approach have been influenced by members of the EMDR facilitator staff most notably Landry Wildwind's speciality and conference presentations on working with chronic depression and personal communications with Marguerite McCorkle. Case examples will be given in which alternate EMDR protocols were used to successfully work through unresolved developmental issues and massive layers of shame that had blocked previous treatment efforts. A large portion of the symposium will be devoted to a case conference round table where these issues will be explored through a discussion of problem cases offered by participants.

Keywords: Case Formulations

Accuracy Verified: Yes

222. Manfield, P. (2010, June). EMDR clinical skills: Dyadic resourcing. Keynote presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop introduces 'dyadic resourcing,' a form of resourcing designed to facilitate the processing of very early trauma with severely deprived clients, including those with attachment disorders. The goal of this process is to help a client connect affectively to the experience of being in a nurturing relationship Through this process clients experience both roles, the role of the adult who loves them and the role of the child who is lovable and loved. These roles become increasingly real to them and clients come away with access to a loving non-judgmental view of themselves as a child. Clients whose original trauma was a result of or exacerbated by a lack of a strong connection to a nurturing caregiver will benefit from a variety of resources, but the resource that is essential is access to a secure internal nurturing relationship, which this process provides. This procedure is particularly useful for clients who think they were bad or worthless as children, who think the abuse or neglect they suffered chronically was deserved, who are overwhelmed by the intensity of their pain from early childhood experiences, or who cannot view their child selves in an accepting nurturing way. In other words, this type of resourcing is ideal for some of the most difficult EMDR clients, and helps to prepare them for trauma processing. Once developed, these resources allow the EMDR clinician to utilize cognitive interweaves in which the adult client is able to support the child self. Dyadic resourcing is typically a five step process: identifying a nurturing adult resource, make the resource real for the client, formulating a parent-child relationship involving the resource, intensify the client's experience of that relationship, and helping the client to have the experience of both the child and adult in the resource dyad. This workshop will address each of these steps, covering the basic principles and processes central to this form of resourcing. The process will be illustrated using clinical videos, transcripts, and a live demonstration. Techniques borrowed from Eidetic Psychotherapy, Neuro-Linguistic Programming, Gestalt Therapy, hypnotic phrasing and other disciplines will be addressed Links to free downloadable explanatory material from the presenter's book. EMDR Clinical Skills: Case Conceptualization and Dyadic re^ sourcing will be offered for those interested in sharpening their skills in this useful resourcing approach. Learning objectives: Participants will be able to - Explain why cognitive Interweaves are often not helpful to clients with attachment disorders -List 15 possible sources of resource figures - List 8 techniques that can be used to help a client feel more intensely connected to a resource. - Describe 4 indications that clients are NOT assuming an outside observer role and are instead overly identifying with their child selves.

Keywords: Dyadic Resourcing Keynote

Accuracy Verified: Yes

223. Nicolais, G. (2011, Settembre). EMDR e attaccamento [EMDR and attachment]. Presentazione al Congresso EMDR Nazionale "Trauma e relazione,” Roma, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Secondo Bowlby, le esperienze precoci del bambino con le proprie figure di attaccamento determinano rappresentazioni mentali - denominate Modelli Operativi Interni della relazione - che regolano aspetti centrali dello sviluppo come la regolazione degli affetti e la fiducia interpersonale. Analogamente, il modello AIP di Shapiro ipotizza l’effetto di esperienze precoci sullo sviluppo futuro del bambino. Ricordi di eventi particolarmente stressanti o traumatici tendono ad essere immagazzinati in modo disfunzionale nel cervello in uno stato non metabolizzato, sotto forma di “network mnestici” contenenti costellazioni di percezioni, aspettative negative, affetti e sensazioni corporee che possono essere riferite all’esperienza di caregiving. In situazioni infantili all’interno di accudimento particolarmente disfunzionali, il modello di attaccamento sviluppato dal bambino conterrà quindi network mnestici caratterizzati dall’esperienza del rifiuto e/o del maltrattamento. Il modello AIP prefigura perciò interventi, realizzati attraverso l’approccio dell’EMDR, che agiscono in senso trasformativo sulle peculiarità dei Modelli Operativi Interni della relazione. Le implicazioni di tale premessa sono l’oggetto della relazione presentata.

According to Bowlby, the child's early experiences with attachment figures determine their mental representations - called internal working models of the report - that regulate key aspects of development such as affect regulation and interpersonal trust. Similarly, the model AIP Shapiro assumed the effect of early experience on the future development of the child. Memories of traumatic or stressful events tend to be stored in a dysfunctional brain in a non-metabolized form of "network mnemonic" containing clusters of perceptions, expectations, negative emotions and bodily sensations that may be related to the experience of caregiving . In situations in caregiving particularly dysfunctional childhood, the attachment model developed by the child will then contain mnemonic networks characterized by the experience of rejection and / or mistreatment. The model therefore anticipates AIP intervention, achieved through the approach of EMDR, which act in the sense of transformation on the peculiarities of the internal working models of the relationship. The implications of this premise are the subject of the report.

Keywords: Attachment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

224. Tonetti, F. (2008, Novembre). EMDR e trauma complesso in adolescente [EMDR and trauma in adolescents complex]. Presentazione Le applicazioni cliniche del EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
N. è stata portata in Italia a 14 anni con l’illusione di lavorare come baby sitter, finisce invece vittima dello sfruttamento sessuale organizzato e per circa un anno subisce violenze sessuali, fisiche e psicologiche. Con forza e coraggio notevoli, riesce a fuggire, nuda, da un’auto dove stava subendo l’ennesima violenza. Ha gravi lesioni sul corpo, viene soccorsa e portata in ospedale, dove decide di denunciare i suoi vittimizzatori. Il caso finisce alla Procura del Tribunale per i Minorenni e N. viene collocata, sotto falso nome, in una comunità. Il mio primo contatto con la ragazza avviene quando ha 16 anni ed è in comunità da cinque mesi. Presenta ancora i sintomi invadenti del PTSD: flashback, incubi, panico, pensieri ossessivi, isolamento, distacco emotivo che a volte la fa apparire molto calma, sovreccitazione. Non sa controllare gli impulsi e regolare le emozioni: passa dalla rabbia, che sfoga picchiando pugni contro il muro fino a ferirsi o spaccando tutto ciò che le capita sotto mano, alla eccitazione, alla depressione con sentimenti di inutilità a vivere, di colpa e di vergogna (sintomi di PTSD Complesso). Propongo e spiego da subito l’EMDR ritenendo che sia l’unico approccio terapeutico utile; stabiliamo piano terapeutico e N. esprime il suo consenso al trattamento. Particolare attenzione, data la problematicità, alla fase di preparazione e stabilizzazione. Nell’anamnesi emerge primo trauma a 10 anni, prima ricorda di essersi sentita amata e protetta. Rafforzo queste esperienze positive che diventano risorse in suo possesso. Fondamentale si rivela la psicoeducazione sui disturbi: N. accoglie con sollievo l’idea che non è “pazza” o “indemoniata” ma solo traumatizzata. Immaginiamo comportamenti alternativi per esprimere le emozioni e strategie di coping. Posto al Sicuro: servono due sedute per stabilizzare e installare il posto al sicuro. Il protocollo EMDR sarà applicato fedelmente nelle sue fasi; i target del passato affrontati in ordine cronologico. N. è sempre partita da 1 nella scala VoC e da 10 nella SUD; ha concluso tutte le sedute con SUD: 0 e VoC: 6 /7. Ha avuto abreazioni e una volta ha chiesto di fermarsi: la NC era”sto per morire”. Sono stati raggiunti, dopo 10 mesi di terapia, gli obiettivi del piano terapeutico: la sintomatologia post-traumatica si è risolta dopo otto sedute.

No was taken to Italy 14 years with the illusion of working as a babysitter, instead ends up a victim of sexual exploitation and organized for about a year suffer sexual violence, physical and psychological. With remarkable courage and strength, manages to escape, naked, from where a car was undergoing yet another violence. He has serious injuries on the body, is rescued and taken to hospital, where he decides to denounce his victimization. The event ends at the General Prosecutor of the Juvenile Court and N. is placed under a false name, in a community. My first contact with the girl when she is 16 years and is shared by five months. Still has the intrusive symptoms of PTSD: flashbacks, nightmares, panic, obsessive thoughts, isolation, emotional detachment that sometimes makes it appear very calm, excitement. Can not control impulses and regulate emotions: anger passes, which unleashed banging his fists against the wall until injury or cracking everything that happens at hand, the excitement, depression with feelings of futility in life, guilt and shame (symptoms of complex PTSD). Propose and explain EMDR now believing it is the only therapeutic approach useful, we establish a treatment plan and N. expresses its consent to treatment. Particular attention, given the problematic, the preparation and stabilization. Nell'anamnesi apparent trauma to the first 10 years, first recalls that she felt loved and protected. Reinforces these positive experiences that become resources in their possession. Reveals the basic psychoeducation about the disorder: No welcomes with relief the idea that is not "mad" or "possessed" but traumatized. Imagine alternative behaviors to express emotions and coping strategies. Safe place: it takes two sessions to stabilize and secure way to install. The EMDR protocol is applied faithfully in its early stages, the targets of the past dealt with in chronological order. No always started from a ladder in VOC and 10 in South, has completed all the sessions with SUD: 0 and VOC: 6 / 7. Abreactions and had once asked to stop: the NC was "I am going to die." Were achieved after 10 months of therapy, the goals of treatment plan: post-traumatic symptoms resolved after eight sessions.

Keywords: Adolescents Complex Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

225. McNally, R. J. (2001). EMDR en mesmerisme: Een vergelijkend historisch onderzoek [EMDR and mesmerism: A comparative historical analysis]. Directieve Therapie, 21(3), 270-285. doi:10.1007/BF03060263.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Oogbeweging desensibilisatie and Reprocessing (EMDR) is een van de snelst groeiende interventies in de annalen van de psychotherapie. Hoewel veel psychologen hebben opmerkingen gemaakt over haar ongewone vermoedelijk ontstaan en de verspreiding, geschiedenis onthult de vele parallellen met het mesmerisme, een eerdere therapie die zich snel verspreid over de hele 18e eeuw in Europa en Amerika. Het doel van dit artikel is het documenteren van de vele opvallende gelijkenissen tussen de geschiedenis van het mesmerisme en de geschiedenis van EMDR (ScienceDirect).

Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is among the fastest growing interventions in the annals of psychotherapy. Although many psychologists have commented on its presumably unusual origins and dissemination, history reveals its many parallels with Mesmerism, a previous therapy that spread rapidly throughout 18th century Europe and America. The purpose of this article is to document the many striking similarities between the history of Mesmerism and the history of EMDR (ScienceDirect).

Keywords: Mesmerism

Accuracy Verified: Yes

226. Aduriz, E. (2012, June). EMDR en niños con trastornos disociativos [EMDR in children with dissociative disorders]. En Preconferencia 2: Niños, traumatización grave y EMDR [In Pre-conference 2: Children, severe traumatization and EMDR]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Dr. Aduriz will show the importance of establishing a predictable and trusting relationship between the child and her adoptive parents so that the child can repair the severe early wounds inflicted on her by the relationship with her biological mother. She will also focus on how to help the adoptive parents attain more confidence in their parental role.

María Elena Aduriz, expondrá a través del caso de una niña cuya traumatización es consecuencia directa de un apego desorganizado a una madre esquizofrénica, inestable y suicida, la importancia de articular intervenciones terapéuticas con EMDR con la niña y con los padres adoptivos. Señalará la importancia de establecer un vínculo predecible y confiable entre ellos para que la niña pueda reparar las heridas tempranas y severas producto del vínculo con su madre biológica, y para que los padres sean capaces de generar mayor confianza en su función parental.

Keywords: Attachment Disruptions Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

227. Baita, S. (2012, June). EMDR en niños con trastornos disociativos [EMDR in children with dissociative disorders]. Pre-Conference presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Sandra Baita will describe the case of a dissociative girl whose traumatization was a consequence of early exposure to chronic sexual abuse by her father. In this case, Dr. Baita will explain the challenge of working with systems surrounding the child other than the family, for example, the Justice System. She will focus on the paramount importance of the first stage of treatment and the achievement of external security when working with severely traumatized children. Dr. Baita will offer for discussion with the attendees, the development of a treatment plan for this dissociative girl using EMDR during the therapeutic stages of security and stability, working with traumatic memories, and integration.

Sandra Baita expondrá el caso de una niña con un trastorno disociativo en el cual la traumatización ha sido consecuencia de la exposición temprana a abuso sexual por parte del padre. En este caso, la Dra. Baita explicará el desafío que implica trabajar con otros sistemas además del familiar, tales como el sistema de Justicia. Ilustrará además la relevancia que adquiere la primera etapa del tratamiento y el establecimiento de un contexto real de seguridad externa en el tratamiento de niños severamente traumatizados, y mostrará, para su discusión con los asistentes, el desarrollo del tratamiento exhaustivo de esta niña utilizando EMDR a lo largo de las etapas de seguridad y estabilidad, trabajo con las memorias traumáticas e integración.

Keywords: Children Dissociative Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

228. Tarquinio, C. (2007). EMDR et prise en charge du psychotraumatisme [EMDR and management of psychological trauma]. En L. Crocq, (Ed.), Traumatismes psychiques: Prise en charge psychologique des victimes (pp. 157-167). Issy-les-Moulineaux: Elsevier-Masson. doi:10.1016/B978-2-294-07144-7.50016-6.

Language: French

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
L’eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR) est une méthode thérapeutique inaugurée par Francine Shapiro en 1989 et qui consiste à utiliser les mouvements oculaires contrôlés pour décharger la conscience de ses affects pathologiques. En une dizaine d’années, l’EMDR a trouvé son indication privilégiée dans le traitement de l’état de stress posttraumatique (ESPT), donnant lieu à un grand nombre d’études. Aux États-Unis, il y a en effet aujourd’hui plus de publications d’études contrôlées sur le traitement de l’ESPT par la thérapie EMDR que par tout autre type d’interventions cliniques, y compris les traitements médicamenteux. Les recommandations pour l’usage de cette approche thérapeutique ne manquent pas, provenant des plus éminentes sociétés savantes reconnues sur le plan international pour leurs compétences en ce qui concerne la question du syndrome de stress posttraumatique. L’objectif de ce chapitre sera de permettre une meilleure connaissance de la thérapie EMDR, en exposant d’abord l’historique de la méthode, puis son cadrage théorique, et ensuite le protocole de base de cette thérapie.

The eye movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) is a therapeutic method inaugurated by Francine Shapiro in 1989 and of using eye movements controlled to discharge the consciousness of his pathological condition. In ten years, EMDR has found its ideal indication for the treatment of the state of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), resulting in a large number of studies. In the U.S., there is indeed now more publications of controlled studies on the treatment of PTSD by EMDR than any other type of clinical interventions, including medication. Recommendations for the use of this therapeutic approach does abound, from the most eminent scientific societies recognized internationally for their expertise regarding the issue of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. The purpose of this chapter will enable a better understanding of EMDR, exposing First, the history of the method and its theoretical framework, and then the basic protocol of this therapy.

Keywords: Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

229. Waters, F. S., & Adler-Tapia, R. (2009, November). EMDR for children with trauma and dissociation: Case conceptualization from stabilization to integration. Presentation at the 26th annual meeting of the International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation, Washington, DC .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract: This workshop initially will review the 8 phase EMDR protocol for implementation with severely traumatized and dissociative children and provide advanced skills utilizing the EMDR protocol with this population. The 8 phase EMDR protocol will be described. Therapeutic challenges for therapists in implementing this protocol with young children with complex trauma will be explored with recommendations for clinicians on how to provide efficacious treatment to children. Each phase of the protocol will be discussed identifying specific goals and specialized interventions presented with linguistic sensitivity to maintain adherence to the EMDR protocol with young children. Client History and Treatment Planning Phase, and the Preparation Phase of the EMDR Protocol will be detailed. The assessment of dissociation in young children will include recommendations for specific assessment tools. Stabilization skills for helping children address the phobic response to reprocessing traumatic events with mastery and resourcing while learning self-soothing and calming techniques will be demonstrated. Innovative and creative interventions integrating play and art therapy will be presented with child friendly language using the protocol sequence for effective treatment with children. In addition, adjustments to the EMDR protocol through the trauma processing phases, including integration, will be described and demonstrated with case presentations and videos. Creatively maneuvering these phases with children who display dissociative symptoms will be explored with recommendations for the successful implementation of the protocol throughout the healing process

Keywords: Case Conceptualization Children Dissociation Stabilization Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

230. Fizel, D., Shapiro, F., Borderson, G., & Frank-NcNeil, J. (1997). EMDR for trauma (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Language: English

Format: Video

Abstract:
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is an approach that combines elements of the major therapeutic schools (e.g., cognitive, behavioral, psychodynamic, physiological, and interactional). Although eye movement stimulation has garnered the most attention professionally and publicly, EMDR actually involves a much broader spectrum of interventions which are organized into eight phases of therapy. EMDR is based on the assumption that specific experiences from the past continue to guide the client's responses in the present. To influence such experiences from the past, EMDR draws on an information processing model of behavior. Disturbing trauma-related information is believed to be held in the patient's nervous system in state-dependent form (e.g., the perceptions and sensations experienced at the time of the trauma are encoded in the nervous system). EMDR allows the processing of this information so that what is useful from the experience can be learned; stored appropriately, cognitively and affectively; and made available for behavioral guidance in the future. EMDR allows clients to access and reprocess these experiences as well as to learn new skills and behaviors for managing future life events. The goal of EMDR is to produce the most comprehensive and profound treatment effects in the shortest period of time, while helping the client to remain reasonably stable. [Videorecording : DVD video 1 videodisc (53 min.) : sd., col. ; 4 3/4 in.]

Keywords: Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

231. Shapiro, R. (2010, September/October). EMDR for trauma-based, attachment-based, and endogenous depression. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR International Association, Minneapolis, MN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR’s Protocol is a powerful intervention that can impact many kinds of depression. Participants will learn about Bessel van der Kolk’s research, other research and clinical experience to bring the EMDR Protocol to the treatment of trauma-based, attachment-based and endogenous depression and mood disorders. They will understand the etiology, assessment, and treatment for each kind of depression. They will take home EMDR skills to work with mood disorders and endogenous depression. The AIP is cited throughout. Other interventions, including ego-state and biological are described, when appropriate. The presentation is user-friendly, with interventions that can be implemented immediately.

Keywords: Attachment Depression Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

232. Shapiro, F., & Broderson, G. (1997). EMDR for trauma: Eye movement desenitization and reprocessing. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Language: English

Format: Video

Abstract:
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is a complex treatment approach that combines salient elements of the major therapeutic schools (e.g., cognitive, behavioral, psychodynamic, physiological, and interactional). Although the eye movement stimulation (and other forms of dual stimulation used in the approach) have garnered the most attention professionally and publicly, EMDR actually involves a much broader spectrum of interventions, which are organized into eight phases of therapy. Currently, 13 completed controlled studies of EMDR make it one of the most researched methods of psychotherapy used in the treatment of trauma. Its efficacy has been supported by these studies: the four most recent studies of victims who have suffered single traumas have demonstrated that after the equivalent of three 90-minute sessions, 84% to 90% of patients no longer have symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; Rothbaum, 1997; Wilson, Becker, & Tinker, 1995).
EMDR is based on the assumption that specific experiences from the past continue to guide the client`s responses in the present. These experiences can be the "big T" traumas that result in PTSD or the "small t" traumas that are the ubiquitous experiences known to have a less dramatic but still negative impact on personality and behavior.
To influence such experiences from the past, EMDR draws on an information processing model of behavior. Conceptually, disturbing trauma-related information is believed to be held in the patient`s nervous system in state-dependent form (e.g., the perceptions and sensations experienced at the time of the trauma are encoded in the nervous system). EMDR allows the processing of this information in an adaptive fashion so that what is useful from the experience can be learned; stored appropriately, cognitively, and affectively; and made available for behavioral guidance in the future. What is useless to adaptation, such as excess negative emotions, irrational self-assessments, and disturbing physical sensations, can be discarded.
Assessment is focused not on global diagnoses but rather on specific delineations of problematic behaviors, attitudes, and affects that need to be transmuted to allow for adaptive resolution of trauma or conflict. Specifically, the EMDR clinician asks, what is the patient being influenced by past experiences to do in the present that is dysfunctional and what is he or she prevented from doing that would be adaptive?
Although originally applied to PTSD, EMDR shows promise in a variety of clinical complaints that are based on earlier life experiences that underlie the pathology and current experiences and that restimulate the disturbance. EMDR allows clients to access and reprocess these experiences as well as to learn new skills and behaviors for managing future life events. In all cases, the goal of EMDR is to produce the most comprehensive and profound treatment effects in the shortest period of time, while helping the client to remain reasonably stable.
EMDR as an eight-phase intervention approach can be considered a complete treatment in some clinical cases, or it may be part of a more complex treatment plan that includes other more traditional approaches to treating a specific pathology (e.g., borderline personality disorder). Within this latter integrative context, EMDR appears to be useful for a broad range of clinical complaints and seems to provide more rapid achievement of positive treatment effects than do these more traditional approaches alone.
Dr. Shapiro identifies her approach as "eye movement desensitization and reprocessing." What does this imply to you? More specifically, what do you expect of her? Will Dr. Shapiro be active or passive? Will the session be structured or unstructured? Directive or nondirective? Will it focus on the past or on the present? Will the session focus on behaviors, on thoughts, or on feelings? What do you expect to be the relative balance between attention to technique versus the interpersonal interaction?

Keywords: Client Francine Shapiro Male

Accuracy Verified: Yes

233. Hofmann, A. (2010, July). EMDR for treating depression. Presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Scientific studies of EMDR have shown that it is one of the most effective tools to treat posttraumatic stress disorder. One of the lesser known properties of EMDR is that it also seems to be an effective psychotherapy method in a number of disorders that may have part of their origins in stressfull memories. One of these disorders is chronic depression. Severe depression is one of the most common mental disorders and affects between 5-15% of the general population in their lifetimes. Although many psychotherapeutic and pharmacologic interventions exists that are considered to be effective in depression, the treatment is less than satisfactory. High relapse rates (ranging at 50% after two years), unsatisfactory remissions and suicidal risks are among the major problems. Research shows that there may be a link between traumatic events (like abuse experience in childhood) and the later occurrence of a depressive disorder. However there is no published systematic study that tries to explore the potential use of trauma specific treatments like EMDR with depressive patients with trauma history. The presenter will report the status of research on the subject and on a current controlled study underway to explore the use of EMDR in depressive patients.

Keywords: Depression

Accuracy Verified: Yes

234. Peterson, G. (2002). EMDR for women who experience traumatic events. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 63(11), 1047-1048. Author reply 1048..

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Comments on an article by E. B. Foa and G. P. Street,"Women and Traumatic Events, Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, Vol 62(Suppl 17), 2001. Special issue: Understanding posttraumatic stress disorder, pp. 29-34 regarding psychotherapeutic interventions for women with PTSD. It is noted that Foa and Street describe other psychotherapy procedures, but do not mention eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Peterson cites that in Effective Treatments for PTSD: Practice Guidelines from the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies [ISTSS] , 2 psychotherapy treatments for PTSD are listed as having been shown to be effective: exposure therapy and EMDR. SIT is reported to have had 2 well-controlled studies published on the treatment of PTSD. Both SIT studies were with female sexual assault victims. It is concluded that given that EMDR has been established as effective in the ISTSS guidelines, it may be important for the reader to know that this form of therapy may be applied when confronting the issues addressed in this article. A comment by Foa follows. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Females Letter Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape

Accuracy Verified: Yes

235. Ichii, M. (2010, July). EMDR history in Asia: Past, present and future. Keynote presented at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
To know the present status of EMDR in Asian countries: Method: Inquiries by e-mail to the representatives of Asian countries and related US or European people were sent. Replies were received from countries like Australia, Cambodia, China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, and Thailand. Questions were on the origin of EMDR, the first training, the number of trainings so far, the number of trained practitioners, credentials, academic organization, acceptance from government, media, and professional world, future possibilities, and difficulties expected. Results: Some countries like Australia, Japan and Korea have already reached the moderate stage, but still they have problems to be solved. In Australia, their first training was in 1993 and many therapists have received training, but, organization started very recently and network is not strong. In Japan, Japan EMDR Association has more than 800 members and started publishing their own academic journal in 2009. However sceptical statements about EMDR can be seen in some books on trauma. In Korea, they have health insurance system for EMDR but practitioners are few. The other countries are in the early stage to grow the EMDR community or support the EMDR therapists. Most of them began the history after a big natural disaster like Tsunami or earthquake. HAP from Europe and/or US supports their beginning. The first Asian conference could be a good opportunity to start mutual understanding and cooperation in Asia.

Keywords: Asia Keynote History

Accuracy Verified: Yes

236. Wieland, S. (2012, June). EMDR in children with dissociative disorders [EMDR en niños con trastornos disociativos]. Pre-Conference presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The effect of early interpersonal trauma on adult clients has been extensively studied and reported. Less attention has been given to the effects of complex trauma on children. Because childhood is the time of most rapid brain development as well as the time when children are dependent on adult caregivers, early physical, sexual, and emotional abuse, including neglect and witnessing domestic violence, has severe effects on infants and children – disorganized attachment, affect and behavioral dysregulation, and dissociation. In this preconference Sandra Wieland will describe how early trauma and neglect affects the infant/child’s brain, autonomic nervous system, and body system. She will explain how dissociation is often used by children to protect themselves from the impact – both emotional and physical – of complex trauma. Given this high level of fragmentation and fright, children are often not able to participate successfully in the standardized EMDR protocol. Dr. Wieland will teach ways in which the EMDR protocol can be adapted in order to access more completely the child’s fragmented internal system. She will use clinical vignettes to describe ways EMDR can assist in each of the three stages of trauma treatment – safety/stabilization, trauma processing, and integration. Maria Elena Aduriz will describe a case of a girl whose traumatization is the direct consequence of a disorganized attachment to a schizophrenic, unstable and suicidal mother. Through this case she will focus on the importance of learning how to articulate EMDR interventions with the child and her adoptive parents.

Los efectos del trauma interpersonal temprano han sido extensamente estudiados y documentados. Sin embargo, se ha prestado menos atención a los efectos del trauma complejo en niños. Debido a la etapa del desarrollo en la que se encuentran y a la dependencia respecto de los adultos, los niños son especialmente vulnerables a la exposición a eventos traumáticos en el seno de los cuidados familiares tales como maltrato físico, emocional y abuso sexual. Las consecuencias postraumáticas incluyen, entre otras, apego desorganizado, desregulación afectiva y conductual, y disociación. En esta preconferencia Sandra Wieland comenzará por describir de qué forma el trauma temprano y la negligencia afectan el desarrollo del cerebro, del sistema nervioso autónomo y del sistema corporal del niño. Explicará de qué manera la disociación suele ser utilizada por el niño como protección contra el impacto –tanto emocional como físico- del trauma complejo. Debido al miedo y al alto nivel de fragmentación que presentan estos niños el protocolo EMDR estándar no puede ser utilizado de manera eficaz. La Dra. Wieland enseñará cómo el protocolo EMDR puede ser adaptado para poder acceder de manera más completa al mundo interno fragmentado del niño. Describirá con viñetas clínicas de qué forma EMDR puede

Keywords: Developmental Trauma Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

237. Carlson, J. G., Chemtob, C. M., Rusnak, K., Hedlund, N. L., & Muroaka, M. Y. (1995, June). EMDR in combat-related PTSD: A controlled study. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In view of potential, but largely undocumented benefits of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) as an intervention for PTSD in combat veterans, in our laboratory a study of EMDR treatment included (1) randomized patient assignment, (2) clinically appropriate comparison (treatment and control) groups, (3) a 12-session EMDR protocol administered by experienced, EMDR trained clinicians, and (4) extensive clinical assessment, including physiological evaluation at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and 3-month follow-up. Thirty-five veterans who met DSM-IV criteria for PTSD completed an extensive multimodal assessment protocol. Assessment instruments included: The Mississippi Scale for Combat-Related PTSD, the Impact of Events Scale (IES), the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS), a self-rating of overall severity of "PTSD symptoms," the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Spielberger State and Trait Anxiety Inventories (STAI). In addition, each subject completed a Stressful Scene Construction Questionnaire (SSCQ) in which scripts of specific traumatic combat incidents were prepared for presentation during psychophysiological assessment. Following pre-assessment, a subset of the subjects constituted a waiting list control (CON, N = 12). Routine clinical care for these subjects was available at the VA Medical Center. Seven of these subjects also participated in group sessions for discussion of PTSD designed as an attentional control. There were no differences between the two control subgroups and their data was combined for all subsequent analyses. For the treatment groups, subjects assigned to the EMDR (EMD, N = 10) and relaxation (RXT, N = 13) groups were seated in a semi-reclined chair and continuous measures were taken of muscle tension levels (four sites), hand temperature, skin conductance levels, heart rate, and blood pressure. For all subjects, there were 20 minutes in each of the baseline sessions with no additional stimuli presented. At the end of session 2 of baseline, the patients remained in the experimental room and were assessed for an additional 20 minutes (pre-treatment) during which the SSCQ scripts also were presented. There were two sessions per week with a minimum of one day between sessions. Each subsequent treatment session for the EMD and RXT subjects was approximately 60 minutes in duration, allowing for set-up time and briefing. In the EMD group, a standard protocol for the EMDR interventions was administered, including periodic SUDS ratings and VoC scaling of combat and related images and cognitions (cf Shapiro, 1995). In the RXT group, home relaxation tapes and biofeedback on four sites (face, neck, arm, and back) to assist lowered muscle tension were provided. Following 12 treatment sessions (post-treatment), and again after three months (follow-up) the psychometric instruments and psychophysiological assessment were readministered using the format outlined above. Relative to the other conditions, the EMDR treatment produced substantially more positive clinical effects at post-treatment and follow-up. Comparing the EMD group to the CON group, significant effects (p<.05 or better) were obtained on measures of PTSD including the Mississippi and PTSD symptoms self-rating, and on the Beck and STAI-Trait. Comparing the EMD group to the RXT subjects, significant differences were found on the Mississippi, the IES-Intrusion scale, the CAPS, PTSD symptoms ratings, and the STAI-Trait scale. No differences were obtained on any of the physiological measures. Therefore, the present results support the effectiveness of EMDR with combat veterans with chronic PTSD. The data strongly suggest that some previous negative results obtained when EMDR was applied to chronic and severe combat PTSD may have resulted from methodological artifacts, such as inadequate amount of treatment and therapist inexperience. While the failure to find physiological effects is consistent with results of other controlled treatment exposure trials in PTSD, this finding raises clinical and conceptual questions with respect to the arousal component of the disorder.

Keywords: Combat Controlled Study

Accuracy Verified: Yes

238. Kaslow, F. W., Nurse, A. R., & Thompson, P. (2002). EMDR in conjunction with family systems therapy. In F. Shapiro (Ed.), EMDR as an integrative psychotherapy approach: Experts of diverse orientations explore the paradigm prism (1st ed.) (pp. 289-318). Washington: American Psychological Association.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
The field of family therapy seemed to coalesce around 1960, although some of the early pioneers were already conducting and writing about family systems and treating multipatient units before then. This chapter offers a brief overview of the field and then provides case studies in which EMDR is the primary treatment methodology, used within a family systems perspective, or both. [Text, p. 289]TOPICS TREATED: Evolution of the field (key concepts; various conceptual models); EMDR and family systems therapy (Case studies: EMDR used to break an impasse, EMDR used to facilitate effective coparenting during a divorce, EMDR used in a transgenerational transmission process; additional uses of EMDR with family systems therapy); EMDR and traditional thought in family systems therapy; Description of positive treatment effects of EMDR; How EMDR lets family therapists use what they know; How EMDR extends the outcomes of family therapy; Suggestions for strengthening EMDR; Using EMDR to investigate interesting areas in family therapy.

Keywords: Adults Family Therapy Life Experiences Marital Problems Psychotherapeutic Processes Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

239. Beer, R., & Hornsveld, H. (2008). EMDR in de behandeling van eetstoornissen [EMDR in the treatment of eating disorders]. In E. ten Broeke, A. de Jongh, & H. Oppenheim (Red), Praktijkboek EMDR: Casusconceptualisatie en en specifieke patiëntengroepen,(pp. 201-243). Amsterdam: Harcourt Press.

Language: Dutch

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Dit hoofdstuk is voortgekomen uit enthousiasme voor EMDR. Eetstoornissen (anorexia nervosa, boulimia nervosa en binge eating disorder) staan bekend als moeilijk te behandelen. Behandeling van patiënten met eetstoornissen vindt bij voorkeur plaats door een multidisciplinair, specialistisch team met een gemeenschappelijke visie (Clinical Guideline Eating Disorders, 2004; Multidisciplinaire Richtlijn voor Eetstoornissen, 2006). Cognitieve gedragstherapie neemt hierbij een prominente plaats in. De weinige beschikbare gecontroleerde studies laten matige resultaten zien met behoorlijke terugvalpercentages (Multidisciplinaire Richtlijn voor Eetstoornissen, 2006). Over het algemeen geldt dat cognitieve gedragstherapie de behandeling van voorkeur is, maar ook de resultaten van deze benadering geven aanleiding tot bescheidenheid (Fairburn e.a., 1999). Onderzoekers en behandelaars zijn daarom voortdurend op zoek naar nieuwe invalshoeken en mogelijkheden. In ons werk met eetstoornispatiënten hebben wij ons afgevraagd hoe de kracht van EMDR ingezet zou kunnen worden bij de vaak moeizame behandeling van patiënten met een eetstoornis. De volgende bevindingen zijn gebaseerd op ervaringen met de behandeling van jongeren (12-18 jaar) met voornamelijk anorexia nervosa1 en volwassenen met hoofdzakelijk binge eating disorder. Daarnaast hebben wij onze klinische ervaringen uitgewisseld met collega’s2 in een werkgroep ‘EMDR en eetstoornissen’. Onze ‘experimenten’ met EMDR vonden steeds plaats als onderdeel van een geïntegreerde, multidisciplinaire poliklinische of deeltijdbehandeling. Het is daarom moeilijk objectief vast te stellen wat specifieke effecten zijn geweest van de beschreven interventies. Onze indruk is echter dat EMDR een klinisch relevante verbetering teweeg kan brengen, waar die met de meer gangbare methoden veel lastiger of zelfs niet te bereiken zou zijn geweest. In wetenschappelijke tijdschriften is, naar wij weten, slechts één artikel verschenen over het gebruik van EMDR in de behandeling van eetstoornissen (Hudson e.a., 1998). Over empirisch onderzoek naar de effecten van EMDR bij de behandeling van eetstoornissen is nog niets gepubliceerd. Wel is door verschillende collega’s op EMDR-congressen bruikbaar materiaal gepresenteerd voor toepassing bij patiënten met een eetstoornis (Vogelmann-Sinn e.a., 1998; Omaha, 2000; Bloomgarden en Calogero, 2002; Friedland, 2003; Hase, 2005).

This chapter is the result of enthusiasm for EMDR. Eating disorders (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder) are known as difficult to treat. Treatment of patients with eating disorders is preferably carried out by a multidisciplinary specialist team with a common vision (Clinical Guideline Eating Disorders, 2004; Multidisciplinary Guideline for Eating Disorders, 2006). Cognitive behavioral therapy occupies a prominent place. The few available controlled studies have shown mixed results with significant relapse rates (Multidisciplinary Guideline for Eating Disorders, 2006). Generally, that cognitive-behavioral treatment of preference, but also the results of this approach give rise to modest (Fairburn et al, 1999). Researchers and practitioners are therefore constantly looking for new approaches and possibilities. In our work with eating disorder patients, we asked ourselves how the power of EMDR could be used in the often difficult management of patients with eating disorders. The following findings are based on experiences with the treatment of adolescents (12-18 years) with anorexia mainly nervosa1 and adults with mainly binge eating disorder. We also exchanged our clinical experiences with collega's2 in a workgroup 'EMDR and eating disorders. Our 'experiments' with EMDR were always held as part of an integrated, multidisciplinary outpatient treatment or time. It is therefore difficult to determine objectively what specific effects have been the interventions described. Our impression is that EMDR is a clinically relevant improvement can bring, where those with the more common methods much more difficult or even impossible to achieve would have been. In scientific journals, to our knowledge, only one article about the use of EMDR in the treatment of eating disorders (Hudson et al, 1998). On empirical research into the effects of EMDR in the treatment of eating disorders is not yet published. However, by several colleagues EMDR conferences presented useful material for use in patients with eating disorders (Mann-Sinn Vogel et al, 1998; Omaha, 2000; Bloom Garden and Calogero, 2002; Friedland, 2003; Hase, 2005).

Keywords: Anorexia Nervosa Bulimia Nervosa Binge Eating Disorder Eating Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

240. Steeghs, M., & Gerrits, G. (2011, December). EMDR in de kindergeneeskunde [EMDR in paediatrics]. Tijdschrift voor Kindergeneeskunde, 79(6), 199-202, doi:10.1007/s12456-011-0039-2.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Dit artikel beschrijft het belang van het inzetten van eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) om traumatisering te voorkomen of te behandelen bij kinderen en adolescenten. Paediatric medical traumatic stress en posttraumatische stressstoornis worden besproken om de relevantie van EMDR voor de kindergeneeskunde toe te lichten. Er volgt een korte beschrijving van het behandelprotocol en twee verklaringsmodellen voor het effect van EMDR. Ter illustratie worden er in het artikel twee casussen beschreven. Er wordt gepleit voor vroege risicosignalering en tijdige doorverwijzing door kinderartsen en medische teams. Geconcludeerd wordt dat EMDR een kindvriendelijke en breed toepasbare methode is om de negatieve gevolgen van traumatische ervaringen die kinderen in een medische setting opdoen te behandelen of te voorkomen.

This article describes the importance of the use of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) for trauma to prevent or treat in children and adolescents. Paediatric medical traumatic stress and posttraumatic stress disorder are discussed the relevance of EMDR for pediatrics to explain. There follows a brief description of the treatment protocol and two explanatory models for the effect of EMDR. For illustration, there are two cases described in the article. There are calls for early risk detection and timely referral by pediatricians and medical teams. It is concluded that EMDR is a child-friendly and widely applicable method is to reduce the negative effects of traumatic experiences that children experience in a medical setting to treat or prevent.

Keywords: Pediatrics

Accuracy Verified: Yes

241. Hofmann, A., & Solomon, R. (2009). EMDR in der behandlung akut traumatisierter [EMDR in the treatment of acutely traumatized]. In A. Hofmann, N. Galley, & R. A. Solomon, EMDR – Therapie psychotraumatischer Belastungssyndrome, 2 Tabellen, (4., unveränd. Aufl.) (pp 107-114 ) Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag KG.

Language: German

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Mit den zunehmenden Erfahrungen und Forschungsergebnissen im Bereich psychotraumatischer Reaktionen gelangte in den Jahren nach der Entwicklung der Konzepte über die chronischen traumatischen Störungen auch der Bereich der akuten Traumatisierungen in das Blickfeld systematischer Studien und Interventionsversuche. So wurden zunehmend diagnostische und therapeutische Konzepte entwickelt, in denen versucht wird, Opfern von z. B. krimineller Gewalt, schweren Unfällen oder kritischen Zwischenfällen im polizeilich/militärischen Bereich bereits kurz nach den traumatischen Ereignissen hilfreich zur Seite zu stehen und – wenn möglich – sogar die Entwicklung schwerer Störungen zu verhindern. Als günstig erwies sich dabei, dass sich die Mehrzahl der Opfer akuter Traumatisierungen innerhalb einer Zeit von mehreren Wochen bis Monaten ohne äußeres therapeutisches Eingreifen spontan erholen und das Ereignis seelisch bewältigen können (Rothbaum u. Foa 1993). Als problematisch zeigte sich aber einerseits die Vielfalt möglicher Symptome direkt nach einem traumatischen Ereignis, andererseits der zunehmende Übergang in eine posttraumatische Symptomatik (aber auch andere) bei einer meist kleineren Gruppe der Traumatisierten (Orner u. Schnyder 2003). Forscherische und therapeutische Bemühungen versuchen derzeit, die Gruppe der Traumaopfer, die ein erhöhtes Risiko haben könnten, später eine posttraumatische Störung zu entwickeln, zu identifizieren und ihnen – wenn möglich – schon frühzeitig gezielt Hilfe zukommen zu lassen. Auf der anderen Seite wird so versucht, die Traumaopfer, bei denen eine Bewältigung des traumatischen Ereignisses ohne spezifische therapeutische Hilfe erwartet werden kann, nicht unnötig zu pathologisieren, ihnen aber ausreichend Unterstützung und Hilfe zu gewähren, sodass sie den Verarbeitungsvorgang ohne äußere Irritationen abschließen können (Fischer et al. 1998). Diese diagnostischen und therapeutischen Forschungen sind derzeit noch in vollem Gange, gesicherte Forschungsergebnisse liegen bisher nur in wenigen Bereichen der Behandlung akuter Traumatisierungen vor (Barre u. Biesold 2002, Orner u. Schnyder 2003, Yehuda 1998). Dennoch liegen bereits Modellrechnungen der Kostenträger vor, die belegen, dass frühe, fundierte Interventionsansätze bei akut Traumatisierten (z. B. Überfallopfern) erhebliche Kosteneinsparungen der Kostenträger bewirken (Wiessmann 2002). Angesichts der großen Zahl der täglich bei schweren Unfällen oder Verbrechen akut traumatisierten Menschen, die derzeit mit einer Vielzahl empirisch wenig validierter Konzepte behandelt werden müssen, wird der hohe Handlungsdruck einerseits, die Einschränkung vieler der folgenden Anhaltspunkte für therapeutische Intervention andererseits, deutlich. Auch Hinweise und Empfehlungen bezüglich eines Einsatzes der EMDR-Methode bei diesen Patienten sollten mit diesen Einschränkungen verstanden werden. Auch wenn es einige erste Hinweise auf einen erfolgversprechenden Einsatz der EMDR-Methode bei akut Traumatisierten gibt, so sollte eine Therapie mittels EMDR in einen umfassenden, z. B. dynamisch-behavioralen, Behandlungsplan dieser Patienten eingebettet werden (Bisson 2003, McNally u. Solomon 1999). Weiterhin sollte der systematische Einsatz der EMDR-Methode derzeit – wenn irgend möglich – an hohen Qualitätsstandards orientiert und forschungsmäßig evaluiert werden, um die Nutzen-Risiko-Abwägung bezüglich bestimmter Patientengruppen sowie den optimalen Einsatzzeitpunkt konfrontierender Verfahren systematisch verbessern zu können.

With increasing experience and research results in the field of psycho-traumatic Responses came in the years after the development of concepts about the chronic traumatic disorders, the area of acute trauma in the field of view systematic studies and intervention trials. Thus, more diagnostic and therapeutic concepts developed in which attempts are is, for example, victims of criminal violence, serious accidents or critical incidents the police / military shortly after the traumatic events to help Page is available and - if possible - even the to prevent development of severe disorders. Proved to be favorable, that the Most of the victims of acute trauma in a period of several weeks to months without an external therapeutic intervention spontaneously recover and cope with the emotional event can (Rothbaum and Foa 1993). One problem was but one part of the Variety of possible symptoms immediately after a traumatic event, on the other hand, the increasing Transition to a post-traumatic symptoms (And others) usually at a smaller group of traumatized (and Orner Schnyder 2003). Research and therapeutic efforts currently trying the group of trauma victims, an increased risk could later to develop post-traumatic disorder to identify them and - if possible - early to be targeted to come help. On the other hand, will attempt to Trauma victims, where a managing traumatic event without specific therapeutic Assistance can be expected not unnecessarily pathologization them but enough to provide support and assistance so that they the processing operation without external irritation can conclude (Fischer et al. 1998). These diagnostic and therapeutic research are still in full swing, secured Research results are presently available in few areas of acute trauma and before (Barre and Biesold 2002, Orner Schnyder 2003, Yehuda 1998). Nevertheless, there are already Model calculations of the cost modes, in the Demonstrating that early, in-depth intervention approaches in acute trauma (such as assault victims) significant cost savings for payers cause (Wiesmann 2002). Given the high volume of daily at serious accidents or crimes acutely traumatized People currently with a variety empirically validated concepts treated less must be the high pressure to act one hand, the restriction of many of the following Indications for therapeutic intervention on the other, significantly. Also advice and recommendations regarding of using the EMDR method in these patients should understand these limitations be. Although there are some initial indications a promising application of EMDR method in acutely traumatized people are so should be a therapy using EMDR in a comprehensive, such as dynamically-behavioral, treatment plan these patients are embedded (Bisson 2003, McNally and Solomon 1999). Furthermore, should be the systematic use of the EMDR method now - if possible - to high Quality standards and research-oriented terms is assessed to the benefit / risk ratio with respect to specific patient groups and the optimal use time of confrontational Method to improve systematically.

Keywords: Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

242. Gonzalez, A., Mosquera, D., & Seijo, N. (2011, November). EMDR in dissociative disorders: The progressive approach. Presentation at the 26th Annual International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation Conference, Montreal, QE .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract: Abstract: After the first cautions for the use of EMDR in dissociative disorders, many proposals have been done to adapt EMDR procedures to this specific population. Interesting interventions have been done for the use of EMDR in the preparation phase, but in spite of these useful proposals, EMDR is still considered by many clinicians as an intervention that is limited for the treatment of traumatic memories. From this conceptualization, which we have called the all/nothing perspective, the use of EMDR is strongly limited. Many clinicians wait years for trauma reprocessing. As a consequence of this conceptualization, many EMDR therapists do not use EMDR with most of their dissociative clients, and just use it with highly functioning patients, sometimes after years of therapy with other approaches. In this workshop we will describe (and exemplify with clinical cases and videos) different interventions with EMDR in dissociative clients, from the preparatory phase, in what we have called a Progressive Approach. The way in which specific EMDR procedures can contribute to enhance recovery in survivors will be explained. For doing this, concepts from the different approaches and scientific knowledge about severe traumatization will be integrated with the Adaptive Information Processing Model from EMDR. The idea is to propose a holistic model for EMDR therapy in Dissociative Disorders. The interweaving between theoretical concepts and clinical procedures, theoretical developments and video examples, will allow the audience to assimilate information and translate it to their clinical practice. Therapist from approaches different from EMDR will understand what this therapy can offer to the treatment of severely traumatized people. EMDR therapists will learn new proposals of interventions at the different phases of the treatment. We will present different examples of interventions in severely traumatized patients: DID, DESNOS, BPD and Somatoform dissociation.

Keywords: Dissociative Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

243. Gonzalez, A. (2013, June). EMDR in dissociative disorders: The progressive approach. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Geneva, Switzerland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
After the first cautions for the use of EMDR in dissociative disorders, many proposals have been done to adapt EMDR procedures to this specific population. Nevertheless EMDR is still considered by many clinicians as an intervention that is limited to the treatment of traumatic memories in highly functioning dissociative clients, after a long preparation phase. From this conceptualization the use of EMDR is strongly limited, and many trauma survivors cannot benefit of it.
In this workshop a comprehensive model for EMDR therapy in Dissociative Disorders (the Progressive Approach) will be proposed. From this extended framework, different interventions with EMDR in dissociative clients will be described, including procedures to prepare and stabilize these clients. The integration of these specific EMDR procedures into a group therapy for trauma survivors will be described. The interweaving between theoretical developments, clinical procedures and video examples will allow the audience to assimilate information and translate it to their clinical practice. Learning objectives: Propose a comprehensive model to approach dissociative clients from the EMDR perspective, connecting theoretical developments and clinical procedures; Identify difficult situations in EMDR therapy of severely traumatized people and describe EMDR procedures for dissociative clients, all along the different phases of treatment; Illustrate the “progressive approach” for the treatment of dissociative disorders with clinical examples and video fragments of individual and group sessions so EMDR therapists can understand when, where and how to apply these procedures in their clinical practice.

Keywords: Dissociative Disorders Progressive Approach

Accuracy Verified: Yes

244. Beer, R., & Bronner, M. B. (2010). EMDR in paediatrics and rehabilitation: An effective tool for reduction of stress reactions?. Developmental Neurorehabilitation, 13(5), 307-309. doi:10.3109/17518423.2010.502914.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Having to cope with life-threatening injury or illness can be very stressful for children and their parents. In medical settings children—and parents—can be traumatized by various events both before and during hospitalization as well as during the rehabilitation-phase. Although most children and parents display remarkable resilience over time, stress levels can remain extremely high for a part of these children and parents throughout the entire hospital period and thereafter, culminating in various stress reactions. These reactions can be summarized in a framework of Pediatric Medical Traumatic Stress (PMTS). However, several evidence-based interventions are available presently. One of these evidence-based treatment interventions is Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). Clinical efficiency of EMDR for children has been demonstrated by a recent meta-analysis and other studies. Application of EMDR should be taken into consideration whenever there is suffering from PMTS reactions—particularly intrusive memories, flashbacks, nightmares, anxiety and guilt feelings—or when these reactions interfere with either the recovery process or acceptance of a new situation. Integrated trauma-informed practice together with validated screening tools could be beneficial to families and possibly minimize or even prevent long-term PMTS reactions after life-threatening injury or illness. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Editorial Pediatrics Rehabilitation Stress Reduction

Accuracy Verified: Yes

245. Gonzalez, A., Mosquera, D., & Moskowitz, A. (2012, June). EMDR in psychosis and severe mental disorders [EMDR en psicosis y trastorno mental severo]. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Interactions between trauma and biology, dissociation and psychosis are complex. Some cases could be more biologically based, and traumatic events may trigger a psychotic episode or contribute to the low-response to usual interventions. But traumatic experiences could also influence neurodevelopment and brain structure. In some cases past adverse events may be a main factor in the development of psychotic psychopathology. The treatment of psychotic disorders with a specifically trauma-oriented therapy as EMDR, can help us to evaluate the relative contribution of these different factors from clinical results. The empirical research about the application of EMDR will be also reviewed. A relevant point for EMDR therapy in psychotic disorders is the complex relationship between dissociation and psychosis. Patients presenting with the belief of being controlled by an external force, intrusive thoughts and hallucinatory voices that comment on one's thoughts or actions or that have a conversation with other hallucinated voices, are easily diagnosed as schizophrenic or psychotic but can often be best understood and approached as dissociative symptoms. These patients can be treated with EMDR, but the procedures present relevant modifications in relation with the standard EMDR procedure for PTSD. In this workshop we will briefly describe how EMDR can be applied in different examples of psychotic patients, and based on these clinical examples (presented a case-descriptions or videos, we will reflect on the previously described aspects.

Las interacciones entre trauma y biología, disociación y psicosis son complejas. Algunos casos pueden estar más basados en el ámbito biológico, y los eventos traumáticos pueden ser disparadores de un episodio psicótico o contribuir a la baja respuesta ante las intervenciones usuales. Pero las experiencias traumáticas pueden también influenciar el neurodesarrollo y la estructura cerebral. En Algunos casos eventos adversos del pasado pueden ser el principal factor para desarrollar psicosis o una psicopatología. El tratamiento de los trastornos psicóticos con un terapia orientada al trauma como el EMDR nos ayudan a evaluar la contribución relativa de distintos factores a los resultados clínicos. La investigación empírica acerca de la aplicación del EMDR también será revisada. Un punto relevante de la Terapia EMDR en trastornos psicóticos es el resultado complejo de la relación entre disociación y psicosis. Los pacientes que presentan creencias de control por fuerzas externas, pensamientos intrusivos y voces alucinatorias que comentan las acciones o pensamientos o tienen una conversación con otras voces alucinatorias, normalmente son diagnosticadas como esquizofrenia y psicosis pero en algunas ocasiones estarían mejor entendidas desde un enfoque que las considerara síntomas disociativos. Estos pacientes pueden ser tratados con EMDR, pero los procedimientos presentan modificaciones referentes al procedimiento estándar de EMDR para el TEPT.

Keywords: Psychosis Severe Mental Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

246. Hase, M. (2010, June). EMDR in the treatment of addiction - Reprocessing of the addiction memory. Keynote presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The comorbidity of PTSD and substance abuse provides sufficient reason for treating patients, who are addicted, with EMDR while focusing on the PTSD diagnosis. However, there are several pathways leading to addiction, and PTSD is only one of them. Thirty years of addiction research have provided sufficient evidence for the crucial role of memory in drug dependency.
The Addiction Memory (AM) serves as a useful concept for "obsessive-compulsive craving" to be seen in drug addicted patients. The concept of an AM, and its importance in relapse occurrence and maintenance of learned addictive behaviour, has gained growing acceptance in the field of addiction research and treatment. The AM is interpreted as an individual-acquired memory following drug consumption in some individuals. The addiction memory is based on normal memory systems and systems of central nervous information processing. This is in accordance with the experience that the addiction memory can be activated at any time by relapse-endangering complexes as well as internal and/or external situations, which are experienced as cravings by the person in question. The implicit nature of the addiction memory seems to qualify it as a target for EMDR treatment.
Without adequate therapeutic interventions, it is hardly extinguishable, as shown in the animal model where a re-imprinting of the AM facilitated by steroids extinguished craving in opiate addicted rats. Thus, altering or extinguishing the AM in human addicts could add an important component to well-established treatment modalities. The reprocessing of the AM with EMDR should, thus, lead to measurable changes in addiction symptoms, if the AM qualifies for maladaptive memory within the AIP model. As the AM includes the urge to consume the drug being abused, more aptly named craving, reprocessing of the AM should lead to a reduction in craving.
Preliminary data demonstrates the efficacy to reduce craving in alcohol-addicted patients. Anecdotal reports from clinicians seem to indicate an effect of the reprocessing of the addiction memory in patients addicted to heroin or psycho-stimulants. According to research in the animal model, the same principles should apply.
There are, however, other aspects to addiction. Is there a difference between chemical dependency and other addictive behaviour? How much do we know already? What have we yet to discover? These questions lead to the direction of developing a comprehensive EMDR approach in the treatment of addictions.

Keywords: Addiction Keynote

Accuracy Verified: Yes

247. Parnell. L. A. (1999, June). EMDR in the treatment of adults abused as children. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Las Vegas, NV.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will: 1) be able to describe the three phases of treatment; 2) be able to use at least three ego strengthening methods using EMDR, including identification, development, and installation of inner and outer resources important for preparing clients for EMDR processing, such as: safe place, positive internal resource images, such as the inner advisor child-self – adult-self assessment and development, nurturer and protector figures, spiritual resources, positive memories, images from nature, and others; 3) learn tips for successful target development; 4) learn how to develop and use special targets for EMDR processing such as: visual memories, including flashbacks; dreams; artwork; emotions, physical sensations, and body memories; TV shows and movies; and negative cognitions; 5) learn helpful modifications to the standard EMDR procedural steps; 6) learn at least two interventions to help clients who experience problems during EMDR processing with, such as dissociation, numbness, sleepiness, lack of channel activation and integration, and memory chaining; 7) learn at least two suggestions for working with client transference; 8) learn at least five techniques for working with blocked processing and abreactions; 9) learn how to use a selection of imaginal and cognitive interweaves; and 10) learn at least three techniques for closing incomplete sessions.

Keywords: Abreaction Abuse Adults Blocked Processing Closing Incomplete Session Cogntive Interweave Ego Strengthening Imaginal Interweave Target Development Transference

Accuracy Verified: Yes

248. McMahon, E. (2002). EMDR in the treatment of attachment and bonding difficulties. In J. Morris-Smith (Ed.), EMDR: Clinical applications with children, Occasional paper no. 19 (pp. 31-36). London: The Association for Child Psychology and Psychiatry.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
A case of a young mother with an insecure attachment history herself who suffered severe post-natal depression after the birth of her first child and who regretted having this baby. Although recovering well from depression when first seen, having benefited from drug therapy and group therapy, there ware nevertheless little progress regarding her bonding with the child. Assessment indicated the emergence of an insecure/ambivalent attachment on the part of the baby resulting in excessive clinginess, sleeping, feeding and management difficulties. Apart from EMDR a number of other models of therapy were used in this case, including mother-infant psychotherapy, solution-focused and narrative therapy. In my own estimation, and in feedback from Susan, EMDR was the most powerful of all interventions. I think this care then represents a very good example of how EMDR is integrated with other therapeutic approaches. In terms of our understanding of this process, one conceptual model (Shapiro, 1995) is that the positive perspective and more adaptive interpretation that traditional therapy provides – including insight and a coherent narrative – is held in a separate neurological network and therefore cannot influence the network containing the dysfunction ally stored material associated with the traumatic memory. Traditional therapy is often unable to help the client link one to the other, and this is where EMDR is so impressively effective.

Keywords: Attachment Bonding Children Occasional Paper

Accuracy Verified: Yes

249. van Rood,Y., & de Roos, C. (2010, June). EMDR in the treatment of body dysmorphic disorder. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual IV-TR (DSM-IV-TR) as a disorder characterised by a preoccupation with an imagined defect in one's appearance (American Psychiatric Association (APA), 1994). BDD can be treated effectively with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRls) or cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) (Williams et al.. 2006). CBT interventions which are most often described in the literature are exposure and response prevention (ERP) and cognitive techniques. These interventions successfully weaken the catastrophic expectations of the patients. However, they do not affect the negative valence of patients' appearance. This negative meaning is not inborn but acquired during life through association with distressful or even traumatic events. Patients with BDD often report stressful events as the starting point of their complaints (Buhlmann et al., 2007) as well as PTSS like symptoms. i.e. intrusions (Osman et al.. 2004). Processing of these unprocessed memories might free the way to the development of a more positive meaning of their appearance. Indeed, case series have been described in which EMDR has been successfully applied in the treatment of BDD (Brown et al , 1997). In the first part of this workshop background information will be presented which might help identifying BDD patients who might profit from EMDR and planning subsequent EMDR treatment. In the second part of the workshop we share our experiences treating BDD patients with EMDR. Clinical issues will be analysed using videotaped cases of patients for illustration. The goal of this workshop is to increase knowledge and understanding of the use of EMDR in the treatment for BDD. American Psychiatric Association (APA) (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. (4th ed.) Washington DC. American Psychiatric Association. Brown, K. W., McGoldrick, T., & Buchanan, R. (1997). Body dysmorphic disorder: Seven cases treated with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy. 25(2), 203-207 Buhlmann, U., Cook, L. M., Fama, 1. M., & Wilhelm, 5. (2007). Perceived teasing experiences in body dysmorphic disorder. Body Image. 4, 381-385. Osman. S., Cooper, M., Hackmann, A,, & Veale, D. (2004). Spontaneously occurring images and early memories in people with body dysmorphic disorder Memory, 12, 428-436. Williams, J., Hadjistavropoulos, T., & Sharpe, D. (2006). A meta- analysis of psychological and pharmacological treatments for Body Dysmorphic Disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy. 44, 99-111.

Keywords: Body Dysmorphic Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

250. Schneider, J., Hofmann, A., Rost, C., & Shapiro, F. (2008, January-February). EMDR in the treatment of chronic phantom limb pain: Theoretical implications, case study, and treatment guidelines. Pain Medicine, 9(1), 76-82. doi:10.1111/j.1526-4637.2007.00299.x.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Objective: Little research substantiates long-term gains in the treatment of phantom limb pain. This report describes and evaluates an eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) treatment with extensive follow-up. Design: A case series of phantom limb pain patients. Setting. In-patient hospitalization and out-patient private practice. Patients: Case series of five patients with phantom limb pain ranging from 1 to 16 years. All patents were on extensive medication regimens prior to EMDR. Interventions: Three to 15 sessions of EMDR were used to treat the pain and the psychological ramifications. Outcome Measures: Patients were measured for continued use of medications, pain intensity/frequency, psychological trauma, and depression. Results: EMDR resulted in a significant decrease or elimination of phantom pain, reduction in depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms to subclinical levels, and significant reduction or elimination of medications related to the phantom pain and nociceptive pain at long-term follow-up. Conclusions: The overview and long-term follow-up indicate that EMDR was successful in the treatment of both the phantom limb pain and the psychological consequences of amputation. The latter include issues of personal loss, grief, self-image, and social adjustment. These results suggest that (1) a significant aspect of phantom limb pain is the physiological memory storage of the nociceptive pain sensations experienced at the time of the event and (2) these memories can be successfully reprocessed. Further research is needed to explore the theoretical and treatment implications of this information-processing approach. [PubMed]

Keywords: Chronic Pain Empirical Study Follow-up Study Phantom Limb Pain Quantitative Study

Accuracy Verified: Yes

251. Hofmann, A. (2013, June). EMDR in the treatment of Depression. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Geneva, Switzerland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Scientific studies of EMDR have shown that it is one of the most effective tools to treat posttraumatic stress disorder. One of the lesser known properties of EMDR is that it also seems to be an effective psychotherapy method in a number of disorders that may have part of their origins in stressful memories. One of these disorders is chronic depression.
Severe depression is one of the most common mental disorders and affects between 5-15% of the general population in their lifetimes. Although many psychotherapeutic and pharmacologic interventions exists that are considered to be effective in depression, the treatment is less than satisfactory. High relapse rates (ranging at 50% after two years), unsatisfactory remissions and suicidal risks are among the major problems.
Research shows that there may be a link between traumatic events (like abuse experience in childhood) and the later occurrence of a depressive disorder. However there is no published systematic study that tries to explore the potential use of trauma-specific treatments like EMDR with depressive patients.
The presenter will report the status of research on the subject, and will talk about possible EMDR strategies that have shown to be useful in depressive patients.
Learning objectives: Understanding the relationship of trauma and depression; Creating a treatment plan for depressive patients following the AIP model; and Find strategies to deal with relapsing and chronic depression

Keywords: Depression Research

Accuracy Verified: Yes

252. van Rood, Y. R., & de Roos, C. (2009). EMDR in the treatment of medically unexplained symptoms: A systematic review. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 3(4), 248-263. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.3.4.248.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This systematic review presents evidence for the effectiveness of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in the treatment of a diverse range of medically unexplained symptoms (MUS). Theoretical underpinning, variations in interventions, methodological issues, and outcomes are discussed, and implications for future research and clinical practice are presented. Considering the limited number of reported case series and the lack of controlled studies, it might be concluded that EMDR for MUS is only in its infancy. The preliminary results suggest that EMDR might be an effective treatment for MUS and somatoform disorders, particularly when they are related to trauma. To date, the results for phantom limb pain are the most promising.

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP Medically Unexplained Symptoms MUS Somatoform Disorders Systematic Review

Accuracy Verified: Yes

253. Groenendijk, M. (2010, April). EMDR in trauma-work with a patient with DID. Presentation at the 2nd Bi-Annual International European Society for Trauma and Dissociation Conference, Belfast, Northern Ireland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract: EMDR is a powerfull technique for helping people overcoming their trauma’s. However, most of the clinical practice as well as the research has been focussed on type 1 trauma and simple PTSD. Gradually the field is expanding to complex early and chronic traumatization and dissociative problems. In this workshop I will share our experiences in this challenging field. I will start with a short introduction to EMDR, to structural dissociation and to the treatment of DID. Then I will present the case of an older woman with DID, who was treated in our residential psychotherapeutic setting. Central in this workshop is the very interesting (and moving) video-demonstration of EMDR with this DID-patient during a period of trauma-work. After reporting on the process and outcome of this therapy, the conclusion will be that EMDR can be effective for dissociative patients suffering from early and severe traumatization if several specific criteria are met. These criteria are about conceptualization according to the model of structural dissociation, about indication, timing, and preparation of the EMDR-sessions, about adaptation of the EMDR-protocol and about integration of EMDR in the broader phase-oriented state-of-the-art treatment of DID. At the end there will be time for questions and discussion.
Learning Outcomes 1. How to integrate EMDR in the phase-oriented treatment of DID 2. Inspiration for finding creative solutions for the problems that can occur during the session (e.g. dissociation, reliving traumatic experiences, acting-out) 3. Witnessing the effect of EMDR 4. Encouraging collegue’s to indicate EMDR for complex trauma (under specific conditions).

Keywords: DID Dissociative Identity Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

254. Jarero, I., Amaya, C., Givaudan, M., & Miranda, A. (2013). EMDR individual protocol for paraprofessional use: A randomized controlled trial with first responders. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 7(2), 55-64. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.7.2.55.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) individual protocol for paraprofessional use in acute trauma situations (EMDR-PROPARA) is part of a project developed at the initiative of Dr. Francine Shapiro. This randomized clinical trial examined the effectiveness of the protocol administered by experienced EMDR therapists. There were 39 traumatized first responders on active duty randomly assigned to receive two 90-min sessions of either EMDR-PROPARA or of supportive counseling. Participants in the EMDR-PROPARA group showed benefits immediately after treatment, with their scores on the Short PTSD Rating Interview (SPRINT) showing further decreases at 3-month follow-up. In comparison, supportive counseling participants experienced a nonsignificant decrease after treatment and an increase in the SPRINT scores at the second follow-up. The significant difference between the two treatments provides preliminary support for EMDR-PROPARA's effectiveness in reducing severity of posttraumatic symptoms and subjective global improvement. More controlled research is recommended to evaluate further the efficacy of this intervention.

Keywords: Acute Trauma Early Psychological Intervention First Responders Peer Support

Accuracy Verified: No

255. Darker-Smith, S. (2007, June). EMDR installation for facilitating emotional identification in the treatment of attachment disorders. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The accessibility of emotions in children with attachment disorders is known to be complex at best. This presentation looks at a new method of enabling a child dissociating from emotions with severs attachment disorder and complex, traumatic histories to access emotions using the installation phase of EMDR.
For teaching purposes, this presentation will use real-life cases of 4 attachment disordered children where EMDR has been used successfully. All the children had been taught safe space (or similar containment methods) to enable them to self regulate their emotions – however, prior to the installation they did not experience emotions to self regulate.
In all four cases, none of the children were able to access emotions and were severe attachment disordered. The children aged between 12 to 13 years of age and all had a diagnosis of attachment disorder, comorbid with post traumatic stress disorder. Most of the children did not experience emotions directly and when asked where they “felt emotions,” would state that they experienced emotion because they were told that they were experiencing emotion.
An example is one child who mentioned that she had been angry – she only knew this, because an adult had told her she was angry. Some4times, her hands were mottled when she was angry – but there appeared to be no internal awareness of emotional feelings. The three other children reported similar lack of awareness of internal emotions.
Using the installation phase of EMDR within the context of a one-to-one therapy session, each child was asked to focused on a particular emotion and focus where in their body they experienced any feelings which may be associated with emotion.
The children began to describe complex emotions, which they had never previously been able to. Many of these children had never cried or expressed emotions “normally” prior to this. An example of one child’s experience follows. “I feel sad in my heart. It feels cold – as if someone has smashed it into a thousand bits. It’s blue and very lonely. It feels empty.” (This was a child who had never experienced any internal emotion since the age of t when he remembered feeling angry at being taken away from his parents by a social worker. This was the last time he remembered every experiencing any kind of emotion).
Following this, all the children were also encourage to sit with their new emotions and not to be afraid of them.
One child reported: “I never knew how god it could feel to finally be allowed to cry and my throat doesn’t feel so stuck no more.”
Another child stated, “It feels good to be sad. When I cry – that stops my heart hurting so much and the treats make the glue to fix my broken heart.”
Another child experienced: “It’s okay to be angry. Anger isn’t scary – it’s just a feeling – just because I feel it doesn’t mean I have to kick off – and it feels strong to e angry – I have a right to be angry and that’s okay.” So far, we have not experienced an unsuccessful outcome; however, this method is still in the early stages of being developed.

Keywords: Attachment Disorders Emotional Identification Poster

Accuracy Verified: Yes

256. Jarero, I., & Artigas, L. (2012). The EMDR integrative group treatment protocol: EMDR group treatment for early intervention following critical incidents. Revue Européenne De Psychologie Appliquée/European Review of Applied Psychology, 62(4), 219-222. doi:10.1016/j.erap.2012.04.004.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Introduction: This paper presents an overview of the Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing – Integrative Group Treatment Protocol (EMDR-IGTP) that has been used since 1998 with both children and adults in its original format or with adaptations to meet the circumstances in numerous settings around the world for thousands of survivors of natural or man-made disasters and during ongoing geopolitical crisis. Method: The author's intention is to highlight and enlightened the reader of the existence of this protocol that combines the eight standard EMDR treatment phases with a group therapy model and an art therapy format and use the Butterfly Hug as a form of a self-administered bilateral stimulation, thus providing more extensive reach than the individual EMDR application. Conclusion: Randomize Controlled Trial Research is suggested to establish the efficacy of this intervention.

Keywords: Critical Incident Group Treatment Integrative Group Treatment Protocol

Accuracy Verified: Yes

257. Sautai, G. (2011, June). EMDR intensive therapy (EMDRIT). Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Vienna, Austria.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Therapeutic Process seems to be blocked for some patients with strong Developmental Disorders or exposed to Disturbing Early Life Experiences (Bessel A. van der Kolk). A specific approach during EMDR Intensive Therapy (EMDRIT) using the Case Conceptualisation (Andrew Leeds), based on the Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) model (Francine Shapiro), the Attachment Theory (John Bowlby) and the Useful and Necessary Renouncement Principe (Judith Viorst) allow those patients to progress. As a pilot experience, we have been able to use this EMDRIT framework with 64 clients. Their complex disorders included, for each of them, at least 3 of the following symptoms: Anxiety, depression, primary structural dissociation, alcohol addiction, eating behaviour disorders, travel phobia, emotional numbing, affective isolation, hypochondria, phantom limb syndrome, fibromyalgia, cancer, psychological or physical abuse survivor, perpetrator of violent aggressions. For the 25 first clients, we have used the PCL-S (pathology threshold > 44) test. Their pre-treatment average score was 70. It dropped to 28 after EMDRIT treatment, down to 26 after 3 months and stabilised at 29 after 1 year. These first results allowed us to define a target population and an adapted protocol that provides client safety, efficiency and result sustainability. For the 39 next clients, we measured a decrease of the SCL-90-R (pathology threshold > 1,5) test score from 3 before treatment down to 1,4 after treatment, 1,2 after 3 months and 1,3 after 1 year. We measure efficiency on 87% of the clients and a suppression of 80% of the symptoms after 1 year. At the same time, a control cohort of 20 people with identical pathologies saw their score drop from 3 to 2,3 with the same treatment time, using the standard EMDR protocol. From this preliminary result, we are developing some research hypothesis: •Selection criteria for EMDRIT, based on the patient ability accessing Adaptive Memory Networks (AMN). •The Targeting Sequence Plan, seen as an expression of the Dysfunctional Memory Networks (DMN). •The importance of the client emotional Window Of Tolerance (WOT) for the efficiency of the Adaptive Information Processing system. •Epigenetic show possible structural brain modifications by rehabilitation of fluid links across the 3 levels of the brain (reptilian, limbic and neo-cortical). These changes are immediate and permanent. •Need to standardize appropriate scale for database, in order to foster international research and results sharing. We sea AIP model as an opportunity to move from an analytic and sequential approach to a systemic and integrative approach based on Complex System for a global understanding.

Keywords: EMDR Intensive Therapy EMDRIT

Accuracy Verified: Yes

258. Korn, D. (2003, September). EMDR master series – I. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR Master clinicians will present case examples that outline case conceptualization, treatment planning, and course of treatment. Each presenter will demonstrate 1) the essential elements of EMDR, 2) provide conceptional clarity as to when and why to use EMDR, 3) demonstrate perceptual fidelity using interventions, when interventions are needed and how much is needed, 4) provide clarity about why, when, and where to adapt the protocoi given the client's clinical needs.

Keywords: Master Series

Accuracy Verified: Yes

259. Laliotis, D. (2007, September). EMDR master series – I. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Dallas, TX.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Twenty years ago, EMDR began as a clinical technique used to help clients reprocess major traumatic experiences. Since then, EMDR has developed into a comprehensive psychotherapy approach that is being used to treat low self-esteem, relationship difficulties, and performance issues not connected to major trauma, but rather to networks of unprocessed early experiences. This workshop will help clinicians develop a way of thinking about and applying EMDR to these cases where the “traumas” are not so obvious, but nonetheless, a powerful contributor to the client’s current difficulties. Cases will be presented in depth with videotape to illustrate how the treatment process evolves using EMDR and how to adequately address the insidious nature of these childhood experiences. Participants will learn how to conceptualize the case over time, how to apply cognitive interweave strategies to facilitate the client’s process, and how to develop future templates to facilitate personal growth and lasting change.

Keywords: Masters Series

Accuracy Verified: Yes

260. Leeds, A. (2003, September). EMDR Master Series – II. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR Master Clinicians will present case examples that outline case conceptualization, treatment planning, and course of treatment. Each presenter will demonstrate: 1) the essential elements of EMDR, 2) provide conceptional clarity as to when and why to use EMDR, 3) demonstrate perceptual fidelity using interventions, when interventions are needed and how much is needed. 4) provide clarity about why, when, and where to adapt the protocol given the client's clinical needs.

Keywords: Master Series

Accuracy Verified: Yes

261. Pozzi, M. A. (2008, Novembre). EMDR nel supporto psico-sociale de Erba [EMDR in the psycho-social support de Grass]. Presentazione Le applicazioni cliniche del EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Il CRSP (centro di ricerche e studi in psicotraumatologia) sede di Erba, operativo già da alcuni anni sul territorio , si è trovato ad intervenire, nell'emergenza all'evento critico avvenuto ad Erba (Co) l'11 dicembre 2006 ( tristemente noto come “Strage di Erba”) . Si è lavorato in un complesso intervento di Psicologia dell'Emergenza. Questo ha visto applicati i criteri e le azioni derivanti dal modello teorico del Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM) di George S. Everly e Jeffrey T. Mitchell (1983). Secondo questi criteri viene individuata una vittima di secondo tipo, una bimba di 8 anni (amica degli aggressori) seguita in psicoterapia individuale per PTSD ad un mese dall'evento, con EMDR. Questo è il tema principale della relazione. Riteniamo inoltre, di poter contribuire nell'esplicitare il nostro operato, di quanto sia possibile intervenire in un evento critico , sensibilizzando gli amministratori comunali, gli operatori del soccorso e la popolazione sull’importanza e utilità dell’intervento psicologico nei contesti d’emergenza. Attivando una capillarità dell’intervento stesso: più destinatari, più metodologie usate e flessibilità , con un lavoro di rete sul territorio. Ed infine con interventi efficaci sul PTSD quali il trattamento con EMDR.

The CRSP (center for research and studies in psychotraumatology) when Grass, operating for some years in the area, was found to intervene in emergency critical event occurred in Erba (CO) December 11, 2006 (notorious as "Massacre of Erba"). He worked in a complex intervention of Emergency Psychology. This has since applied the criteria and actions arising from the theoretical model of Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM), George S. Everly and Jeffrey T. Mitchell (1983). According to these criteria, identified the victim of a second type, a child of 8 years (friend of the attackers) followed in individual psychotherapy for PTSD one month after the event, with EMDR. This is the main theme of the report. We also can help make explicit what we are doing what is possible to intervene in a critical event, sensitizing the community leaders, emergency workers and people on the importance and utility of psychological intervention in emergency situations. Activating a capillary of the action: multiple recipients, more flexibility and methodologies used, with a working network in the area. And finally with PTSD on effective interventions such as treatment with EMDR.

Keywords: CISM Critical Incident Stress Management Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

262. Hacker-Hughes, J., & Wesson, M. (2008, June). EMDR on the frontline: Early interventions during military operations. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Some of the earliest applications of EMDR were with military veterans (Shapiro 1995, Shapiro & Forrest 1997). EMDR is now widely used to treat UK military personnel suffering from combat related PTSD. This presentation will consider extending the use of EMDR as an early intervention during frontline operations. Research suggests the importance of early detection in PTSD (Lee et al 2005) and the benefits of early intervention (North 2001). Current practice is that UK personnel who are having significant difficulties in functioning after exposure to trauma are sent back to the UK for treatment after a brief period of watchful waiting. This is can be detrimental, both to the unit and individual (Shepard 2000, Solomon et al 2005). EMDR offers a potential solution to this problem. A case study will be presented of a soldier who was suffering significant post trauma symptoms whilst serving in Afghanistan. Through the successful use of EMDR in theatre just 2 weeks after the trigger event, he was able to resume his normal duties and hence avoid the negative effects of being returned to the UK for treatment. The use of EMDR as a frontline treatment has far reaching implications but currently there is little evidence for its use as an early intervention with military personnel (Russell 2006). Future research to evaluate this novel application of EMDR is planned. This presentation will introduce participants to the challenges of providing psychological treatment during military operations and the potential value of EMDR in this setting.

Keywords: Early Interventions Military

Accuracy Verified: Yes

263. Jarero, I., Artigas, L., & Luber, M. (2011). The EMDR protocol for recent critical incidents: Application in a disaster mental health continuum of care context. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 5(3), 82-94. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.5.3.82.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This randomized, controlled group field study was conducted subsequent to a 7.2 earthquake in North Baja California, Mexico. Treatment was provided according to continuum of care principles. Crisis management debriefing was provided to 53 individuals. After this, the 18 individuals who had high scores on the Impact of Event Scale (IES) were then provided with the eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) Protocol for Recent Critical Incidents (EMDR-PRECI), a single-session modified EMDR protocol for the treatment of recent trauma. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups: immediate treatment group and waitlist/delayed treatment group. There was no improvement in the waitlist/ delayed treatment group, and scores of the immediate treatment group participants were significantly improved, compared with waitlist/delayed treatment group paticipants. One session of EMDR-PRECI produced significant improvement on symptoms of posttraumatic stress for both the immediate-treatment and waitlist/delayed treatment groups, with results maintained at 12-week follow-up, even though frightening aftershocks continued to occur frequently. This study provides preliminary evidence in support of the protocol's efficacy in a disaster mental health continuum of care context. More controlled research is recommended to evaluate further the efficacy of this intervention.

Keywords: Critical Incidents Disaster Mental Health Early EMDR Intervention Natural Disaster Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Recent Events

Accuracy Verified: Yes

264. Jarero, I., & Uribe, S. (2012). The EMDR protocol for recent critical incidents: Follow-up report of an application in a human massacre situation. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 6(2), 50-61. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.6.2.50.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This article reports the follow-up results of our field study (Jarero & Uribe, 2011) that investigated the application of the eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) Protocol for Recent Critical Incidents (EMDR-PRECI) in a human massacre situation. A single individual session was provided to 32 forensic personnel of the State Attorney General in the Mexican state of Durango who were working with 258 bodies recovered from clandestine graves. Pre-post results showed significant improvement for both immediate treatment and waitlist/delayed treatment groups on the Impact of Event Scale (IES) and Short PTSD Rating Interview (SPRINT). In this study, we report the follow-up assessment, which was conducted, at 3 and 5 months posttreatment. Follow-up scores showed that the original treatment results were maintained, with a further significant reduction of self-reported symptoms of posttraumatic stress and PTSD between posttreatment and follow-up. During the follow-up period, the employees continued to work with the recovered corpses and were continually exposed to horrific emotional stressors, with ongoing threats to their own safety. This suggests that EMDR-PRECI was an effective early intervention, reducing traumatic stress for a group of traumatized adults continuing to work under extreme stressors in a human massacre situation. It appears that the treatment may have helped to prevent the development of chronic PTSD and to increase psychological and emotional resilience.

Keywords: Human Massacre PRECI Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Protocol for Recent Critical Incidents PTSD Recent Events

Accuracy Verified: Yes

265. Shapiro, R. (2009). EMDR Solutions II: For depression, eating disorders, performance, and more. New York, NY: W. W. Norton & Co.

Language: English

Format: Book

Abstract:
A clear and comprehensive guide to using EMDR in clinical practice. This edited collection—a follow-up to Shapiro’s successful EMDR Solutions—presents step-by-step instructions for implementing EMDR approaches to treat a range of issues, written by leading EMDR practitioners. The how-to approach, mixed with ample clinical wisdom, will help clinicians excel when using EMDR to treat their clients. The units include: A comprehensive compendium of EMDR interventions for Depression, it begins with Robin Shapiro’s Assessment, Trauma-Based and Endogenous Depression chapters, continues with Jim Knipe’s Shame-Based Depression chapter, and ends with Shapiro’s Attachment-Based chapter. The eight chapters of the Eating Disorder unit cover all the bases. From etiology to neurology through Preparation phases and treatment strategies, you’ll learn how to work with Bulimia, Anorexia, Body Dysmorphia, Binge Eating Disorder, disorders of Desire and more. Andrew Seubert is the ring leader. The other writers are Janie Scholom, Linda Cooke, Celia Grand, DaLene Forester, Janet McGee, Catherine Lidov, and Judy Lightstone. Performance, Coaching, and Positive Psychology unit emphasizes strengths, skills, focus, and whatever gets in the way of reaching the goal. David Grand shares his foundational 15 Strategies for Performance enhancement. Ann Marie McKelvey integrates EMDR with Coaching and Positive Psychology. The Complex Trauma unit includes Katie O’Shea’s useful and user-friendly Preparation Methods and Early Trauma Protocol, Sandra Paulsen and Ulrich Lanius’s brilliant collaboration Integrating EMDR with Somatic and Ego State Interventions, Liz Massiah’s hair-raising Intrusive Images chapter, and Shapiro’s treatment strategies for OCPD. Robin Shapiro gives an overview of Medically-Based Trauma and her strategies for successful treatment of Multiple Chemical Sensitivities. Katherine Davis shows us how Post-Partum “Depression” is often treatable Post-Partum PTSD. Ronald Ricci and Cheryl Clayton tell us how to use EMDR in our work with Sex Offenders and their complete therapeutic milieu. Martha S. Jacobi develops our “third ear” for using EMDR with Religious and Spiritually-Attuned clients.

Keywords: Depression, Eating Disorders, Performance

Accuracy Verified: Yes

266. Luber, M. (2009). EMDR summary sheet. In M. Luber (Ed.), Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) scripted protocols: Basics and special situations, (pp. 3-4). New York, NY: Springer Publishing Co.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
This author has been interested in the idea of consolidating information in an accessible form throughout her career. The EMDR Summary Sheet was the result of a need on her part to have access to all of the relevant information concerning client information and EMDR interventions at a glance. This EMDR Summary Sheet is a way to consolidate important client information quickly and succinctly. [PsycINFO Database]

Keywords: Protocol Summary Sheet

Accuracy Verified: Yes

267. Landin-Romero, R., Novo, P., Vicens, V., McKenna, P. J., Santed, A., Pomarol-Clotet, E., Salgado-Pineda, P., Shapiro. F., & Amann, B. L. (2013, March). EMDR therapy modulates the default mode network in a subsyndromal, traumatized bipolar patient. Neuropsychobiology, 67(3), 181-184. doi:10.1159/000346654.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Background: Some functional imaging abnormalities found in bipolar disorder are state related, whereas others persist into euthymia. It is uncertain to what extent these latter changes may reflect continuing subsyndromal affective fluctuations and whether those can be modulated by therapeutic interventions. Method: We report functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) findings during performance of the n-back working memory task in a bipolar patient who showed a marked improvement in subsyndromal affective symptoms after receiving eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy in the context of a clinical trial. Results: The patient's clinical improvement was accompanied by marked changes in functional imaging, as compared to 30 healthy subjects. fMRI changes were noted particularly in deactivation, with failure of deactivation in the medial frontal cortex partially normalizing after treatment. Conclusions: This case supports the potential therapeutic overall benefit of EMDR in traumatized bipolar patients and suggests a possible neurobiological mechanism of action: normalization of default mode network dysfunction. Copyright © 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Keywords: Bipolar Disorder Subsyndromal Affective Symptoms

Accuracy Verified: Yes

268. Landin-Romero, R., Novo, P., Vicens, V., McKenna, P. J., Santed, A., Pomarol-Clotet, E., Salgado-Pineda, P., Shapiro. F., & Amann, B. L. (2013, March). EMDR therapy modulates the default mode network in a subsyndromal, traumatized bipolar patient. Neuropsychobiology, 67(3), 181-184. doi:10.1159/000346654.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Keywords: Bipolar Disorder Subsyndromal Affective Symptoms

Accuracy Verified: Yes

269. Landin-Romero, R., Novo, P., Vicens, V., McKenna, P. J., Santed, A., Pomarol-Clotet, E., Salgado-Pineda, P., Shapiro. F., & Amann, B. L. (2013, March). EMDR therapy modulates the default mode network in a subsyndromal, traumatized bipolar patient. Neuropsychobiology, 67(3), 181-184. doi:10.1159/000346654.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Keywords: Bipolar Disorder Subsyndromal Affective Symptoms

Accuracy Verified: Yes

270. Murray, K. (2010, September/October). EMDR to reduce fears of recurrence of breast cancer. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR International Association, Minneapolis, MN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
How can we support women with breast cancer (BC) in their bio-psycho-social healing? Are fearsof recurrence inevitable or a re-experiencing of unresolved BC diagnosis and treatment experiences? Participants will identify traumatic stress symptoms in women with BC, and the impacton treatment, quality of life, and fears of recurrence; review the seven cancer treatment stages, and potential traumas, triggers, and EMDR interventions of each; describe phase two interventions to manage worry, develop healing imagery and promote coping and positive health behaviors; and explain how past-present-future targeting can address fears of recurrence. Expanded from 2008, this workshop draws on psycho-oncology literature, clinical observations, and one client’s EMDR journey from “coping” to “living”.

Keywords: Breast Cancer

Accuracy Verified: Yes

271. Knipe, J. (2012, June). EMDR toolbox [La Caja de herramientas en EMDR]. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR has had a profound positive impact on the lives of many clients and has been shown in more than seventeen published trials to be effective in the treatment of PTSD (Maxfield & Hyer, 2002). However, the DSM IV definition of PTSD is focused on the single traumatic incident, and many clients seeking relief in therapy have a damaging traumatic history that extended over repeated events or over long periods of time. The term, Complex PTSD (Herman, 1992, van der Kolk, 2005) has been proposed to describe a pattern of negative effects of prolonged and extreme stress, particularly during childhood. The focus of this workshop is to describe a theoretical framework, and specific therapy “tools” which may be useful in providing effective therapy, within the EMDR Adaptive Information Processing Model, to individuals suffering with Complex PTSD. Important concepts and particular interventions will be illustrated through video examples and transcripts from therapy sessions. Dr. Knipe will present methods for identifying and treating specific dissociative symptoms with accompanying evidence from available research or case studies. He will offer EMDR “tools” that can be used to make the healing power of EMDR more available to clients who are avoidant, and/or highly vulnerable to dissociative abreaction, chronic shame, and unrealistic idealization of self or of others. He will discuss the primary characteristics of clients with Complex PTSD, including problems with disrupted attachment and inappropriate psychological defenses. He will illustrate how to identify various Ego-‐States and work with these within the Adaptive Information Processing Therapy Approach. Time will be available for participants to discuss difficult EMDR cases.

EMDR ha tenido un profundo efecto sobre la vida de muchos clientes y ha demostrado en más de diecisiete ensayos publicados, ser eficaz para el tratamiento del TEPT (Maxfield & Hyer, 2002). Sin embargo, la definición del DSM IV del TEPT está centrada en el incidente traumático único, mientras que en muchos de los clientes que buscan el alivio a través de la terapia su historial traumático incluye episodios traumáticos repetidos o que se extienden a lo largo de períodos prolongados de tiempo. Se ha propuesto el término TEPT complejo (Herman, 1992, van der Kolk, 2005) para describir un patrón de efectos negativos derivados una situación de estrés prolongado e intenso que ha aparecido principalmente en la infancia. Este taller estará centrado en describir el marco teórico y las “herramientas” terapéuticas específicas que pueden ser necesarias para proporcionar , dentro del modelo de procesamiento adaptativo de la información de EMDR, una terapia eficaz a los individuos que sufran de un cuadro de TEPT complejo. Los conceptos importantes y las intervenciones concretas que se realizan serán ejemplificadas mediante ejemplos en vídeo y mediante transcripciones de sesiones de terapia. El Dr. Knipe presentará diversos métodos que permitan identificar y tratar los síntomas disociativos específicos, los cuales irán acompañado de la evidencia de que se dispone procedente de la investigación existente o de los estudios de casos. Ofrecerá, además, aquellas “herramientas”de EMDR que pueden ser empleadas para que el poder sanador del EMDR esté más disponible para aquellos clientes con comportamientos evitativos y/o que son extremadamente sensibles a experimentar abreacciones disociativas, vergüenza crónica o conceptos idealizados de sí mismos o de los demás no realistas. Comentará también cuales son las características principales de los pacientes que padecen de TEPT complejo, entre los que se incluyen los vínculos afectivos perturbados y los mecanismos de defensa psicológica inadecuados. Ilustrará, igualmente, cómo poder identificar los diversos estados del ego que se producen y cómo trabajar con ellos en el marco del procesamiento adaptativo de la información. Se dispondrá de un tiempo adicional para comentar con los participantes los casos difíciles que se presenten con EMDR.

Keywords: EMDR Toolbox

Accuracy Verified: Yes

272. Knipe, J. (2010, July). EMDR toolbox: Specific methods of treating adult clients with complex PTSD, psychological defenses and dissociative personality structure. Preconference presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR has had a profound positive impact on the lives of many clients and has been shown in more than twenty randomized, peer-reviewed trials to be effective in the treatment of PTSD. However, the DSM IV definition of PTSD is focused on the single traumatic incident, and many clients seeking relief in therapy have a damaging traumatic history that extended over repeated events or over many years. The term, Complex PTSD (Herman, 1992, van der Kolk, 2005) has been proposed to describe a pattern of negative effects of prolonged and extreme stress, particularly during childhood. The focus of this workshop is to describe a theoretical framework, and specific therapy “tools” which may be useful in providing effective therapy, within the EMDR Adaptive Information Processing Model, to individuals suffering with Complex PTSD. Methods will be described that can make the healing power of EMDR more available to clients who are avoidant, defensive, and/or highly vulnerable to dissociative abreaction, chronic shame, and unrealistic idealization of self or of others. Important concepts and particular interventions will be illustrated through video examples and transcripts from therapy sessions.

Keywords: Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Complex PTSD, C-PSTD Dissociative Personality Structure Psychological Defenses Toolbox

Accuracy Verified: Yes

273. Forgash, C. (2009, August). An EMDR treatment approach to addressing health problems of complex trauma survivors. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Atlanta, GA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract: In this workshop, the EMDR clinician will learn how to deal with the effects of trauma, PTSD, illness, and chronic pain often suffered by complex trauma clients. Participants will understand how these issues interfere with access to healthcare and successful treatment. This workshop will demonstrate how to help the client avoid retraumatization in healthcare settings, by teaching interventions within the preparation phase for management of dissociation and affective problems, as well as PTSD symptoms. Clinicians will learn how to develop connections between present health problems (chronic illness, pain) and earlier trauma, to develop specific EMDR targets for reprocessing. This workshop will emphasize skills development and future template work.

Keywords: Health Problems Trauma Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

274. Bossini, L., Tavanti, M., Calossi, S., Polizzotto, N. R., Vatti, G., Marino, D., & Castrogiovanni, P. (2011, Spring). EMDR treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder, with focus on hippocampal volumes: A pilot study. The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 23(2), E1-E2. doi:10.1176/appi.neuropsych.23.2.E1.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Recent studies have suggested that hippocampal neurogenesis may be stimulated by successful treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), either by drugs1–4 or by behavioral interventions. 5 Three investigations have evaluated the effects of pharmacotherapies and have suggested that antidepressant treatments may increase hippocampal volume.1–3 Lindauer and colleagues. 6 examined the effects of a psychotherapy intervention, the Brief Eclectic Psychotherapy, on hippocampal volumes and observed no changes on hippocampal volumes upon amelioration of PTSD symptoms. [Excerpt]

Keywords: Hippocamal Volumes Letter Pilot Study Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

275. Abel, N. J., & O'Brien, J. M. (2010). EMDR treatment of comorbid PTSD and alcohol dependence: A case example. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 4(2), 50-59. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.4.2.50.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is a therapy that has been demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A relatively small but growing body of literature indicates that EMDR may be an effective adjunctive treatment for substance abuse. This article reviews the various protocols that have been developed for that purpose, including protocols by Vogelmann-Sine et al., Omaha, Popky, and Hase. A case study that incorporates the use of some of these interventions is presented to illustrate successful EMDR treatment of a woman who had long-standing comorbid alcohol abuse and PTSD. Two-year follow-up after EMDR showed that the woman was successfully maintaining sobriety and that the PTSD continued in full remission. After a discussion of the important aspects of this case, the authors explore future directions for research.

Keywords: Alcohol Dependence Comorbid PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

276. Manon, M. (2007). EMDR Treatment of family abuse: Eye movement to "I" movement. In F. Shaprio, F. W. Kaslow, & L. Maxfield (Eds.), Handbook of EMDR and family therapy processes (pp. 95-110). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
This chapter presents an inside view of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) narrated by a client who was requested to tell her story to educate clinicians and clients so that others might be healed. The client's vivid account of her emotional history, along with the description of various memories targeted in treatment and the results of her processing sessions, provide an illustration of the therapy. Her emotional upheaval and adult relationships are a reflection of the cauldron of abuse, deceit, and chaos intrinsic to her family of origin. As indicated by the Adaptive Information Processing model, her symptoms were largely the result of the earlier negative experiences from childhood that were dysfunctionally stored in her brain. These memories had inherent within them the emotions and perspectives that generated her negative sense of self and inability to function happily in the world. The processing of the memories of these early events resulted in accelerated learning and a concomitant transmutation of her personal identity and self-efficacy. An addendum to the case by Kaslow elucidates the family systems perspective. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing Model Child Abuse Cognitive Processes Early Memories Family Abuse Family Systems Perspective Memories

Accuracy Verified: Yes

277. Konuk, E., & Epozdemir, H. (2011, June). EMDR treatment of migraine and chronic daily headache. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Vienna, Austria.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The prevalence of chronic migraine headache in western societies ranges between 12-24% for women and 5-12% for men. In Turkey, about 21% of women and 11% of men suffer from migraine. It is one of the most disabling problems that a person can have. Pharmacological treatment and behavioral interventions are the most widely used approaches for migraine. The term ‘chronic’ implies that the problem is not solvable. In this case it means that although pharmacological treatments and behavioral interventions meaningfully reduce the pain for some of the patients, there remains a population of headache sufferers who get large amounts of medicine, have to go to the emergency room frequently because of too much pain prolonged over many hours and at times days. Furthermore, some medications have moderate to severe adverse effects or contraindicate with clients’ existing conditions. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is an integrative psychotherapy approach that was developed to reduce or eliminate the symptoms resulting from unresolved traumatic memories. Recently EMDR treatment has provided promising results in alleviating chronic pain and increasing sufferers’ psychological wellbeing. Research pointing out the neurobiological similarities found in patients who suffers PTSD and chronic pain, encouraged many clinician and researcher to explore the utilization of EMDR in the treatment of chronic pain. We developed the EMDR Chronic Migraine Headache Protocol in order to obtain and maintain a high level of treatment fidelity and stick to scientific rigor and as a guide for future research. In collaboration with a public hospital in Turkey, we conducted a pilot study with chronic migraine patients diagnosed also as having chronic daily headache. The study continues with an enlarged sample and the present analyses revealed that there was a significant decrease in the frequency, the duration and the strength of the headaches of patients treated with the EMDR Chronic Headache Protocol. Besides, the number of the Emergency Care visits and the amount of medication taken were also decreased significantly in patients treated with EMDR. Learning objectives: The major aim of this workshop, is to present to the participants, how to use The EMDR Chronic Headache Protocol in the treatment of patients diagnosed as having both Chronic Migraine and Chronic Daily Headache (CDH). Participants will gain detailed information about how to use EMDR Chronic Migraine Headache Protocol in emergency cases too. There will be DVD recordings of sessions demonstrating how to intervene a migraine attack during a session and also how the EMDR Chronic Headache Protocol is used for the treatment of chronic migraine headache.

Keywords: Headache Migraine

Accuracy Verified: Yes

278. Epozdemir, H., Haciomeroglu, S., & Konuk, E. (2012, October). EMDR treatment of migraine and chronic daily headache. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Arlington, VA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Chronic migraine is one of the most disabling problems that a person can have. Pharmacological treatment and behavioral interventions are the most widely used approaches for migraine with no much meaningful effect. The EMDR Chronic Migraine Protocol was developed and tested in a pilot study in Turkey. There was a significant decrease in the frequency, duration and strength of the headaches. Besides, Emergency Care visits and medication were also decreased significantly. The major aim of this workshop, is to teach the participants, how to use EMDR Chronic Headache Protocol in the treatment of migraine patients.

Keywords: Headaches Migraines

Accuracy Verified: Yes

279. Konuk, E., Epozdemir, H., & Haciomeroglu, S. (2012, June). EMDR treatment of migraine and chronic daily headache [Tratamiento de migrañas y cefalea diaria y crónica con EMDR]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The prevalence of chronic migraine headache in western societies ranges between 12-‐24% for women and 5-‐12% for men. In Turkey, about 21% of women and 11% of men suffer from migraine. It is one of the most disabling problems that a person can have. Pharmacological treatment and behavioral interventions are the most widely used approaches for migraine. The term ‘chronic’ implies that the problem is not solvable. In this case it means that although pharmacological treatments and behavioral interventions meaningfully reduce the pain for some of the patients, there remains a population of headache sufferers who get large amounts of medicine, have to go to the emergency room frequently because of too much pain prolonged over many hours and at times days. Furthermore, some medications have moderate to severe adverse effects or contraindicate with clients’ existing conditions. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is an integrative psychotherapy approach that was developed to reduce or eliminate the symptoms resulting from unresolved traumatic memories. Recently EMDR treatment has provided promising results in alleviating chronic pain and increasing sufferers’ psychological wellbeing. Research pointing out the neurobiological similarities found in patients who suffers PTSD and chronic pain, encouraged many clinician and researcher to explore the utilization of EMDR in the treatment of chronic pain. We developed the EMDR Chronic Migraine Headache Protocol in order to obtain and maintain a high level of treatment fidelity and stick to scientific rigor and as a guide for future research. In collaboration with a public hospital in Turkey, we conducted a pilot study with chronic migraine patients diagnosed also as having chronic daily headache. The study continues with an enlarged sample and the present analyses revealed that there was a significant decrease in the frequency, the duration and the strength of the headaches of patients treated with the EMDR Chronic Headache Protocol. Besides, the number of the Emergency Care visits and the amount of medication taken were also decreased significantly in patients treated with EMDR. The major aim of this workshop, is to present to the participants, how to use The EMDR Chronic Headache Protocol in the treatment of patients diagnosed as having both Chronic Migraine and Chronic Daily Headache (CDH). Participants will gain detailed information about how to use EMDR Chronic Migraine Headache Protocol in emergency cases too. There will be DVD recordings of sessions demonstrating how to intervene a migraine attack during a session and also how the EMDR Chronic Headache Protocol is used for the treatment of chronic migraine headache. The assessment tools used for the project will be given to participants as hand outs

La prevalencia de migraña crónica en las sociedades occidentales oscila entre el 12-‐24% entre las mujeres y el 5-‐12% en los hombres. En Turquía, alrededor del 21% de las mujeres y 11% de los hombres sufren jaquecas. Es una de las dolencias más discapacitantes que se pueda tener. Los tratamientos más habituales para tratar las migrañas son de tipo farmacológico e intervenciones conductuales. El término ‘crónico’ implica que el problema no tiene solución. En este caso, significa que aunque los tratamientos farmacológicos y conductuales reducen el dolor significativamente en algunos pacientes, sigue habiendo una población de individuos que sufren cefaleas y que reciben grandes cantidades de medicamentos, que tienen que acudir a urgencias con frecuencia debido a que sufren demasiado dolor que se prolonga durante muchas horas y, en ocasiones, días. Es más, algunos fármacos tienen efectos secundarios entre moderados y graves o cuyas contraindicaciones incluyen afecciones que padecen los clientes. La desensibilización y reprocesamiento con movimientos oculares (EMDR) supone un planteamiento psicoterapéutico integral desarrollado para reducir o eliminar los síntomas que son consecuencia de recuerdos traumáticos sin resolver. Hace poco, se ha visto que el tratamiento con EMDR ha logrado resultados prometedores en el alivio del dolor crónico y que aumenta el bienestar psicológico de las personas afectadas. Las investigaciones que señalan las similitudes neurobiológicas detectadas entre los pacientes que sufren TEPT y los que padecen el dolor crónico han animado a muchos clínicos e investigadores a explorar el empleo de EMDR en el tratamiento del dolor crónico. Hemos desarrollado el protocolo de EMDR para tratar la migraña crónica para conseguir y mantener un alto nivel de fidelidad terapéutico y para mantener el rigor científico, además de para que sirva para orientar la investigación en el futuro. En colaboración con un hospital público en Turquía, hemos llevado a cabo un estudio piloto en pacientes con un diagnóstico de migraña crónica diaria. El estudio sigue en curso con una muestra ampliada y los análisis actuales han mostrado que ha habido una disminución significativa en la frecuencia, duración e intensidad de las cefaleas de los pacientes tratados con el protocolo de EMDR para tratar la cefalea crónica. Es más, el número de visitas a urgencias y la cantidad de fármacos administrados también se redujo de forma significativa en los pacientes tratados con EMDR.

Keywords: Headaches Migraines

Accuracy Verified: Yes

280. Shapiro, E. (2009). EMDR treatment of recent trauma. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 3(3), 141-151. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.3.3.141 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Although eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) has demonstrated efficacy in treating chronic posttraumatic stress disorder and old trauma memories, EMDR treatment of recent traumatic events has not received adequate attention from EMDR researchers or clinicians. This article presents current thinking and findings about early psychological intervention following recent traumatic events and examines the status of early EMDR intervention (EEI) concepts and research. It is contended that this area has not developed sufficient awareness and definition among EMDR clinicians. Francine Shapiro's theoretical adaptive information-processing model predicts that dysfunctionally stored trauma memories underlie many current psychological disorders. Consequently, the assumption that memories of a recent traumatic event and its sequelae are not fully consolidated offers a unique role for EEI not only in reducing acute distress but also in preventing the sensitization and accumulation of trauma memories. A call is made for a more comprehensive approach to the field of EEI to promote interest and awareness among EMDR practitioners and to generate research.

Keywords: Acute Stress Disorder ASD: Early EMDR Intervention Early Psychological Intervention EEI Prevention of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Prevention of PTSD Recent Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

281. Holmshaw, M. (2001, May). EMDR treatment of sexual dysfunction. Presentation at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, London, UK .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The prevalence of sexual dysfunction in women within primary care settings is often estimated to be as high as 42% with vaginismus, pain with intercourse, anorgasmia and lack of sexual desire being most commonly reported. Additionally, major clinical complaints among women often centre on their dissatisfaction with such non-genital behaviours as affection, communication, and non-genital touching, as well as issues of attraction and passion. Despite this high prevalence of sexual disorders, and the use of psychotherapy and sexual therapy in treatment the problems women experience,this is a frequently neglected area of both research and development of new treatment tdchniques. In fact, referring to vaginismus, some authors conclude the basic strategies and methods for assessing and treating vaginismus were proposed by the early 20th Century and have not essentially changed. This paper discusses an alternative approach to treatment vaginismus and "sexual phobia" in women. By way of case study material, the use of EMDR in combination with sensate focus techniques with partner involvement, is discussed. In a significant number of cases, past trauma and severe body image disturbances were detected. EMDR was successful not only in resolving such trauma, but also in correcting distorted body image and enabling imaginary exposure to appropriate sexual behaviour.

Keywords: Sexual Dysfunction

Accuracy Verified: Yes

282. Rost, C., Hofmann, A., & Wheeler, K. (2009). EMDR treatment of workplace trauma: A case series. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 3(2), 80-90. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.3.2.80.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Violence and aggression in the workplace is an increasing international concern. No studies have yet determined the most efficacious psychotherapeutic strategies to alleviate the consequences of workplace violence, and none have identified interventions that might fortify workers who are repeatedly exposed to danger. This case series describes the eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) treatment of seven bank employees and one transportation worker who suffered repeated acute traumatization. The Impact of Events Scale, the Post-Traumatic Stress Syndrome 10-Questions Inventory, and the Beck Depression Inventory were used to measure changes in symptom severity. Results showed that EMDR effectively reduced symptoms and may provide a possible protective buffer in situations of ongoing workplace violence.

Keywords: Bank Robbery Trauma Resilience Workplace Violence

Accuracy Verified: Yes

283. Galvin, M. (2007, June). EMDR treatment tactics: Using the accelerating-decelerating model and energy psychology to enhance interventions. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR therapists are frequently faced with two situations where treatment must be adjusted: blocked processing and incomplete sessions. The first is address in the Part I Training Manual under Facilitating Black Processing in Phase Four. That secion describes three situations: Where processing proceeds “favorably,” where the client over-responds, and where the client under-responds. The manual then describes decelerating tactics for addressing the second situation and accelerating strategies for addressing the third situation. We will use a format introducing an expansion of the TICES (Trigger, Image, Cognition, Emotion, Sensation) model for improves pacing of treatment. The expanded model draws on Multimodal Therapy and adds the modalities of Behavior, Interpersonal Aspects, and Drugs (actually all areas of health including diet, mediation, exercise, and the like). Clinicians can utilize the concepts to recognize when therapy has stalled (or is about to stall) because of client’s under responding and over responding in the sesson, and then apply appropriate interventions. The interventions are from EMDR, from other methods, and from Energy Psychology (EP). Increasingly, EMDR therapists are also practitioners of EP. The second challenging situation faced by EMDR therapists us when time is running out, yet the level of disturbance is still elevated. The Training Manual describes a procedure for closing such a session in Phase Seven, including a containment exercise. This workshop will show how EP techniques are an additional resource to bring to bear when dealing with incomplete sessions. There will be a description and demonstration of a couple of simple but powerful EP techniques. Participants can quickly learn these methods and will be able to immediately incorporate them into their practices. Handouts on the TICES/BID/Acceleration-Decelerating model and on the Energy Psychology techniques will be distributed.

Keywords: Energy Psychology Treatment Tactics

Accuracy Verified: Yes

284. Lilienfeld, S. (2004). EMDR treatment: Less than meets the eye? Retrieved from http://www.quackwatch.org/01QuackeryRelatedTopics/emdr.html on 11/11/2011. Quackwatch. Retrieved from http://www.quackwatch.org/01QuackeryRelatedTopics/emdr.html 12/15/2005.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
Originally published in Skeptical Inquirer January/February, 1996. Posted Quackwatch April 6, 2004.
Quick fixes,, for emotional maladies have struck a responsive chord in the general public, as biopsychologist B. L. Beyerstein (1990) has noted Because these interventions often hold out the hope of alleviating long-standing and previously intractable problems with a minimum of time and effort, they are understandably appealing to both victims of psychological disorders and their would-be healers.

Keywords: Skepticism

Accuracy Verified: Yes

285. Kennert, G. (2008). EMDR und biofeedback in der behandlung von posttraumatischen belastungsstörungen [EMDR and biofeedback in the treatment of post traumatic stress disorder]. Forum Psychotherapeutische Praxis, 8(1), 45-46. doi:10.1026/1860-7357.8.1.45b.

Language: German

Format: Journal

Abstract: rezensiert von Gabriele Kennert, In dem von Stefan Jacobs und Anna de Jong vorgestellten Behandlungskonzept werden die kognitive Verhaltenstherapie, das EMDR-Verfahren sowie Biofeedback miteinander kombiniert, um die Angstreaktion im Rahmen traumatisierender Erinnerungen zu verringern bzw. zu hemmen und somit auch die Symptomatik der posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung abzubauen. Im ersten Teil des Buches gehen die Autoren eingehend auf den theoretischen Hintergrund (Neurophysiologie, Hirnfunktionen) ein, die mit der neuronalen Bahnung von traumatisierenden Erinnerungen einhergehen. Hierbei vertreten sie die These, dass sich die neuronalen Bahnungen der Traumata nicht löschen lassen, dass sozusagen die Angstreaktion in der Amygdalaregion im Gehirn löschungsresistent ist und es somit in der Konsequenz im Therapieziel nur um die Verringerung der Angstreaktion, bzw. Hemmung der Angstreaktion gehen könne. Konkret modifizieren die Autoren innerhalb des kognitiv, verhaltenstherapeutischen Vorgehens das Modell von Ehlers und Clark, ebenso das EMDR-Verfahren von Shapiro. Das Biofeedbackverfahren nutzen die Autoren als diagnostisches Instrument, um die subjektiven Bewertungen seitens der Patienten und Patientinnen auch objektiv überprüfbar zu machen mit Hilfe der Messung der elektrodermalen Aktivität (EDA). Im zweiten Teil des Buches beschreiben sie detailliert eine wissenschaftliche Studie an 16 Patienten und Patientinnen, die an dem Behandlungsprogramm an der Universität Göttingen teilgenommen haben. Hierbei sei bei allen Patienten und Patientinnen eine signifikante positive Symptomveränderung der PTB nachzuweisen gewesen. Im weiteren Teil des Buches stellen sie ihr ausführliches Therapiekonzept und Behandlungsprotokoll vor. Es wird eingehend auf die Diagnostik (psychologische Testverfahren sowie Biofeedback eingegangen, ein wichtiger Teil ist die Informationsvermittlung sowie Stabilisierung für die Patienten und Patientinnen. Danach erfolgt die Traumabehandlung mit Konfrontation und Integration. Wert wird hierbei in Abgrenzung zu Shapiro auf die frühzeitige Verbindung zur positiven Kognition gelegt in Verbindung mit Hausaufgaben, die die Patienten zwischen den Sitzungen bekommen mit eingehenden Verhaltensübungen. Die Autoren grenzen ein, dass ihre Methode nicht für alle Patienten und Patie tinnen geeignet ist, sondern dissoziative Störungen und Persönlichkeitsstörungen sowie Suchtproblematik explizit ausgeschlossen seien. Die Stabilisierungsübungen werden praktisch beschrieben (Sicherer Ort, Tresor), ebenso die praktische Anwendung des Biofeedbackverfahrens sowie das Behandlungsprotokoll für EMDR. Gegen Ende des Bandes schließen sich Fallstudien aus der Arbeit der Autoren an, um die Praxis zu verdeutlichen. Im Anhang gibt es Adressenverzeichnisse über den Bezug von Tests, Biofeedbackgeräten oder Lehrfilmen. Zusammenfassend kann man sagen, dass der Band kurzgefasst, sehr übersichtlich und konkret sowie praxisnah das neuropsychotherapeutische Behandlungsprogramm darstellt, so dass dies hilfreich für die psychotherapeutische Praxis in Bezug auf Traumabehandlungen erscheint. Das Buch richtet sich an Fachleute und ist für Laien eher weniger geeignet.

In the presented text by Stefan Jacobs and Anna de Jong, the treatments approached are the cognitive-behavioral therapy, the EMDR method and biofeedback combined to the fear reaction Framework to reduce traumatic memories or to inhibit and thus the symptoms of reduce post-traumatic stress disorder. In the first part of the book, the authors detail to the theoretical background (neurophysiology, Brain functions, a), the facilitation of the neuronal accompanied by traumatic memories. Here, they argued that the neuronal Facilitations of trauma can not be cleared, so to speak, that the fear response in the Amygdalaregion Brain is resistant to extinction and thus in consequence the goal of therapy just to reduce the fear response, and inhibiting the fear response could. Specifically, the authors modify within the cognitive, behavioral approach, the model by Ehlers and Clark, as well as the method of EMDR Shapiro. The biofeedback method, the authors use as a diagnostic tool for the subjective evaluation on the part of the patients also making objectively verifiable by measuring electrodermal activity (EDA). In the second part of the book they describe in detail a scientific study of 16 male and female patients, where the treatment program at the University Göttingen participated. Here is at all patients, and patients had a significant positive Detect symptom change the PTB have been. In another part of the book they put their detailed Therapeutic approach and treatment protocol first. It will detail the psychological diagnosis ( Test procedures and biofeedback received an important Part is to communicate information and stabilization for male and female patients. Thereafter the confrontation with trauma treatment and integration. Value in this case in contrast to Shapiro on down early connection to the positive cognition in conjunction with homework, the patients who get between meetings with incoming Behavioral exercises. The authors of a frontier that their method is not for All male and female patients is appropriate, but dissociative And personality disorders and addiction are explicitly excluded. The stabilization exercises are described practically (Safe Place, Safe), as well as the practical Application of biofeedback procedure and the treatment protocol for EMDR. Towards the end of the tape to close case studies from the work of the authors in order to clarify the practice. In the appendix, there are records of the address Terms of testing, biofeedback devices or educational films. In summary, one can say that the band concise, very clear and concrete and practical the neuro-psychological treatment program represents, so this is helpful for the psychotherapeutic Practice in relation to trauma treatment appears. The book is aimed at professionals and is for Lay less suitable.

Keywords: Biofeedback Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

286. Dellucci, H. (2011, February /March). EMDR using gearbox technique and letters. Presentation at the EMDR Association of India – Mumbai Chapter, Delhi, India .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The new protocol has been likened to the gears of a vehicle where on each speed a certain amount of work is done to deal with the trauma in a gradual fashion.
Speed zero deals with stabilization; speed 1 deals with desensitizing future fears; speed 2 touches upon desensitizing emotions or body sensations without touching on the actual trauma. At speed 3 the client works on early imprints (any issues from the age of birth to 3 years). Speed 4 deals with desensitizing present triggers and speed 5 deals with use of EMDR on past events. Helene will also be teaching how she also ingeniously uses LETTER WRITING(from the future or standard) with bilateral stimulation. The above protocol is useful even for dissociative or complex trauma clients Helene has summarized her therapy by saying: “Different clients evolve at different speeds, as a function of many parameters that we often are not able to control as therapists. Our basic assumption is that clients go as fast as they can, given their particular situation. If they slow down, it is because they have good enough reasons, whether conscious or not. What we try to avoid is them slowing down because of the therapist. Our motto is to progress as fast as possible, as long as the road and the weather permit it, and go as slowly as necessary to keep the journey secure.”

Keywords: Gearbox

Accuracy Verified: Yes

287. ter Heide, F. J. J., Mooren, T. M., Kleijn, W., de Jongh, A., & Kleber, R. J. (2011, August). EMDR versus stabilisation in traumatised asylum seekers and refugees: Results of a pilot study. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 2, 5881. doi:10.3402/ejpt.v2i0.5881.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Background: Traumatised asylum seekers and refugees are clinically considered a complex population. Discussion exists on whether with this population treatment guidelines for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) should be followed and Trauma-Focused Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy (TF-CBT) or Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) should be applied, or whether a phased model starting with stabilisation is preferable. Some clinicians fear that trauma-focused interventions may lead to unmanageable distress or may be ineffective. While cognitive-behavioural interventions have been found to be effective with traumatised refugees, no studies concerning the efficacy of EMDR with this population have been conducted as yet. Objective: In preparation for a randomised trial comparing EMDR and stabilisation with traumatised refugees, a pilot study with 20 participants was conducted. The objective was to examine feasibility of participation in a randomised trial for this complex population and to examine acceptability and preliminary efficacy of EMDR. Design: Participants were randomly allocated to 11 sessions of either EMDR or stabilisation. Symptoms of PTSD (SCID-I, HTQ), depression and anxiety (HSCL-25), and quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF) were assessed at pre- and post-treatment and 3-month follow-up. Results: Participation of traumatised refugees in the study was found feasible, although issues associated with complex traumatisation led to a high pre-treatment attrition and challenges in assessments. Acceptability of EMDR was found equal to that of stabilisation with a high drop-out for both conditions. No participants dropped out of the EMDR condition because of unmanageable distress. While improvement for EMDR participants was small, EMDR was found to be no less efficacious than stabilisation. Different symptom courses between the two conditions, with EMDR showing some improvement and stabilisation showing some deterioration between pre-treatment and post-treatment, justify the conduct of a full trial. Conclusion: With some adaptations in study design, inclusion of a greater sample is justifiable to determine which treatment is more suitable for this complex population.

Keywords: Asylum Seekers Refugees Posttraumatic Stress Disoder PTSD TF-CBT Trauma-Focused Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

288. Hornsveld, H., & Berendsen, S. (2009). EMDR werkt! Maar hoe? [EMDR works! But how?]. In H. K. Hornsveld & S. Berendsen (Eds.), Casusboek EMDR 25 voorbeelden uit de praktijk, (pp. 41-52). Houten: Bohn Stafleu Van Loghum, 358 pages. doi:10.1007/978-90-313-7358-1_3.

Language: Dutch

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
EMDR werkt. Zoveel is duidelijk. Er is veel onderzoek verricht naar het effect van EMDR bij mensen met een posttraumatische stressstoornis. Er zijn de afgelopen twintig jaar ruim veertig studies verschenen waarin EMDR werd vergeleken met onder andere imaginaire exposure (zie kader), stressreductieprogramma's, cognitieve gedragstherapie, hypnose, psychodynamische therapie en diverse farmacologische interventies.

EMDR works. This much is clear. Much research on the effects of EMDR in people with post traumatic stress disorder. In the last twenty years more than forty published studies in which EMDR was compared including imaginal exposure (see box), stress reduction programs, cognitive behavioral therapy, hypnosis, psychodynamic therapy and various pharmacological interventions.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

289. Zobel, M. (2010, June). EMDR with alcohol addicted patients with comorbid PTSD in a treatment facility for alcoholism - experiences, outcome, perspectives. In Addictions. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Patients with alcohol addiction often report sexual abuse and neglect in childhood and/or other traumatic events during lifetime. In addiction treatment facilities symptoms of PTSD are frequently not treated, because there is no sufficient method. which could be completed within the addiction treatment period? The lecture will inform about an ongoing scientific project dealing with the question, if EMDR is an intervention, which is equal or superior to common multimodal stabilizing interventions. The project is supported by the Deutsche Rentenversicherung Bund. Patients with alcohol addiction and comorbid PTSD are divided into two groups: EMDR or multimodal therapy including stabilizing methods. Prevalence of PTSD-symptoms is measured before and after intervention and one year after treatment. Up to date nearly 90 Patients with alcohol addiction and PTSD have been treated. Data indicate, that both trauma treatments are effective but that EMDR leads to a significant larger decrease in trauma symptoms. The results of the one year after treatment evaluation are presented and discussed. Educational objectives: Addiction therapy in a treatment facility can be effectively combined with trauma therapy. EMDR is an effective method in the treatment of patients with alcohol addiction and comorbid PTSD. Most patients with alcohol addiction and PTSD show multiple trauma and need a prolonged period of treatment. What's new? There are only few studies in Germany, which have investigated the effects of EMDR in a sample of alcohol addicted patients. The presented study includes a follow up evaluation one year after treatment (currently in progress), which rarely is the case in research on EMDR-effectiveness.

Keywords: Alcoholism Treatment Comorbid Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Comorbid PTSD Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

290. Tinker, R. H., & Wilson, S. A. (2007, June). EMDR with children around the world: Sixteen years later. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The present workshop will be primarily practice oriented, with the morning session focusing on Age-Related Protocols with progressively younger children (down to age one year), and the afternoon session focusing on the use of EMDR in a group format with children traumatized by war. We will present data on its effectiveness with two groups of Ethnic Albanian refugee children held in a German refugee camp. A group exercise will assist workshop participants in understanding the protocol for group administration of EMDR. Other research considerations will be presented, related to successful and unsuccessful projects with children. Also in the afternoon, we will target the more severe disorders of childhood, such as multiply-traumatized children and attachment disordered children. We will give attention to issues related to trauma-based diagnosis, the use of art with EMDR, and a treatment model featuring short interventions throughout the developmental years and how these affect developmental trajectories. Throughout the workshop, we will use videotapes to illustrate the issues that are most salient, the importance of attunement and finer points of technique

Keywords: Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

291. Morris-Smith, J. (2001, May). EMDR with children exposed to chronic abuse and domestic violence. Presentation at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, London, UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This paper aims to discuss some of the issues of working using EMDR, as a part of the integrated treatment process of children, who have been exposed to chronic abuse and domestic violence. These children are all in the care system and are living with foster parents who know very little about their previous lives. Often the professionals caring for them also have little of the child's history and many details of what they have been exposed to are not known. The children are frequently detached, dissociated and shut down from their past experiences, though their traumatised behaviours continue to blight and dominate their entire lives and present major difficulties in their daily management and future planning. Their emotional and social development appears to be arrested by their chronic multiple traumatisation. They are also kept in transitional placements for long periods of time, whilst their long-term needs are assessed. There is a struggle to identify appropriate long-term placements for such damaged children as their severe multiple traumatisation prevents them from being able to trust or begin to form new attachments or even to develop a sense of safety. There is a nee for early intervention to treat their severely traumatised symptoms and memories, to help rid them of their overwhelming terror and fears of the adult world and to free them to begin to form healthier more appropriate behaviours and attachments. How using EMDR to enable these children to develop and progress emotionally and socially towards a more positive future is described.

Keywords: Children Chronic Abuse, Domestic Violence

Accuracy Verified: Yes

292. Manfield, P. (2010, September/October). EMDR with difficult clients: Dyadic resourcing. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR International Association, Minneapolis, MN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop introduces "dyadic resourcing," a resourcing approach designed to facilitate EMDR processing of very early trauma with severely deprived clients, including those with attachment disorders. The goal of this process is to help clients connect affectively to an internal experience of being in a nurturing parent-child relationship. This workshop will address the basic principles and processes central to this form of resourcing, including each of the five steps involved in establishing this resource. The process will be illustrated using clinical videos, resourcing transcripts, and a live demonstration.

Keywords: Difficult Clients Dyadic Resourcing

Accuracy Verified: Yes

293. Paulsen, S. (2010, October). EMDR with dissociative clients: 17 secrets. Presentation at the 27th Annual meeting of the International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation, Atlanta, GA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Unmodified EMDR can harm dissociative clients if it prematurely breaches dissociative barriers overwhelming the client’s capacity and resources. Practitioners must screen for dissociation and use special procedures to safely use EMDR with these clients. The workshop will cover critical guidelines and techniques to pace and troubleshoot EMDR with dissociative clients within the phased treatment model, for clients ranging from DDNOS to DID. Assessment and stabilization are key to preparing clients for trauma work. The workshop offers methods to increase affect tolerance, establish a two-step containment habit, and orient personalities to person place and time. Other topics include: increasing tolerance of body sensation and affect, and enhancing compassion for self and others, directly working with introjects or other “monstrous” shame-laden parts, essential to reducing internal conflict and resistance to therapy. The workshop instructs in specific ego state strategies and imagery to provide sufficient resources, maintain an observing ego. Rooted in the hypnotic tradition, stabilization methods to pace and fractionate the work within EMDR while interspersing trauma work with sessions that consolidate gains. The workshop also describes the conference room method and means to trouble-shoot stuck processing. Finally, the workshop describes the final phases of therapy, skills building, integration and fusion.
Participants will be able to : ♦♦ explain why and when to assess every client for degree of dissociation and choose an appropriate protocol. ♦♦ list six tactics for stabilizing clients, prior to doing EMDR for dissociative clients, to increase rapport, contain affect, orient to present circumstances, reduce inner conflict, and build coping resources. ♦♦ structure EMDR sessions using imagery and ego state interventions for pacing, fractionating and trouble-shooting the work.

Keywords: Dissociation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

294. Yule, W. (2004, February). EMDR with PTSD in children and adolescents: Overview and prospects. Keynote presented at the 2nd annual Conference of the EMDR UK & Ireland Association, Birmingham, UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
As with many therapies, the evidence base for the effectiveness of EMDR with children and adolescents is much less established than that with adult clients suffering PTSD. Whilst there is sufficent evidence from open studies and case studies to justify its application, there is a real need for proper evaluation with the younger clinical groups. This paper will review existing evidence, but will also raise issues of the implications for clinical practice of working with rapidly developing children. To what extent can and should one takecognisance of th e developmental levels, both cognitive and emotional? How is or should EMDR technique be adapted for work with young children? The actual practices of Shapiro and Tinker vary dramatically, and this needs tbe confronted and understood. The conclusions are that EMDR has an important role In helping traumatized children, but we need to understand both children and EMDR better in order to develop even more effective interventions.

Keywords: Adolescents Children Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

295. Romain, L. B.-S. (2013). EMDR with recurrent “flash-forwards“: Reflections on Engelhard et al.'s 2011 study. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 7(2), 106-111. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.7.2.106.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
“Translating Research Into Practice“ is a new regular journal feature in which clinicians share clinical case examples that support, elaborate, or illustrate the results of a specific research study. Each column begins with the abstract of the study, followed by the clinician's description of their own application of standard eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) procedures with the population or problem treated in the study. The column is edited by the EMDR Research Foundation with the goal of providing a link between research and practice and making research findings relevant in therapists' day-to-day practices. In this issue's column, Lisa Bellecci-St. Romain references Engelhard et al.'s (2011) study examining the impact of eye movements on recurrent, intrusive visual images about potential future catastrophes-“flash-forwards.“ Illustrating the findings by Engelhard et al., Bellecci-St. Romain describes the successful use of the EMDR standard protocol in two cases-a woman fearful of returning to work even after past memories are cleared and a young man in early sobriety whose reprocessing of the past is interrupted by concerns of an imminent court appearance. The case examples are followed with a discussion of the importance of recognizing and targeting flash-forwards as present triggers in the three-pronged EMDR standard protocol.

Keywords: Bridging Research and Practice Eye Movements Flash-Forward Intrusive Images

Accuracy Verified: No

296. Mosquera, D. (2012, March). EMDR with trauma and narcissism [EMDR met trauma en narcisme]. Keynote resentatie op de 6e congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Arnghem, The Nederlands.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The devaluation of self and others is a relevant issue in the field of trauma and dissociation but therapy usually focuses on a victim-abuser perspective where we tend to pay attention to victims and their symptoms, and when narcissistic features are described, they tend to be considered as characteristics of the abusive figure. From this perspective, victims are described as depressed, submissive, vulnerable and usually trapped in learned helplessness. Although this picture describes some situations related to maltreatment and abuse, it can be simplistic and minimize or overlook internalization of some abuser features by victims (e.g., the presence of perpetrator-imitator parts in DID). Narcissistic features can be a cause and consequence of traumatization and can be treated effectively with EMDR. Targeting the roots of the symptoms is crucial for an adequate case conceptualization. A core characteristic of narcissism is lack of empathy. While empathy issues can be present in many people with personality disorders, there are two personality disorders that are more related with lack of empathy, and a (sometimes only apparent) lack of concern about the suffering that they can cause in other people: narcissist and antisocial personality disorder. Both types of personalities share this self-centered profile. A description of different profiles characterized by self-centerness, selfish attitude and lack of empathy will be described in this presentation. These aspects may be present in abusers and victims, in overt or subtle presentations. To conceptualize EMDR therapy in these cases it is important to understand the pathway from early experiences to present problems. Narcissism and antisocial features can be final outcomes of a neglecting environment, chronic abuse or excessive appraisal. Different attachment disturbances with primary caregivers can lead to lack of empathy and self-centerness. In some cases, structural dissociation is underlying narcissistic or antisocial features that can characterize some dissociative parts of the personality. All these aspects and the complexity of therapeutic relationship in narcissistic and antisocial personalities will be reviewed in this presentation.

Keywords: Narcissim

Accuracy Verified: Yes

297. Bardin, A. (2004). EMDR within a family system perspective. Journal of Family Psychotherapy, 15(3), 47-61. doi:10.1300/J085v15n03_04.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
EMDR is a method used to help the individual trauma victim process the psychological aftereffects of trauma (PTSD). The effects of traumatic experiences, however, spread throughout the victim's family. The case presented here describes the treatment from three perspectives: individual, family, and social context (eco-social). EMDR, used with a nine-year-old stabbing victim, was integrated into wider therapeutic work within the family. This integration widened the focus from the IP to other members of the system, allowing the use of EMDR to “spread” to four out of the five family members. The effects of the trauma on the family and its members were most effectively treated by a combination of individually and systemically oriented interventions.

Keywords: Clinical Case Study Emotional Trauma Empirical Study Family Family Therapy Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Therapeutic Process Trauma Victims

Accuracy Verified: Yes

298. Gonzalez, A., & & Mosquera, D. (2012). EMDR y disociación. El enfoque progresivo [EMDR and dissociation: The progressive approach]. Madrid, Spain: Ediciones Pleyades.

Language: Spanish

Format: Book

Abstract:
Durante las últimas dos décadas, el EMDR se ha convertido en una opción de primera línea para el tratamiento de trastornos de estrés postraumático asociados a la exposición de eventos traumáticos, como accidentes, catástrofes naturales o desastres creados por el hombre. Mientras tanto, los clínicos han visto que la aplicación de EMDR es útil en el tratamiento de pacientes que han sufrido episodios emocionalmente traumáticos, descritos por ellos como característicos de su familia de origen, su historia personal y sus relaciones de apego. Un gran número de investigaciones y publicaciones han examinado en profundidad la eficacia de EMDR en este campo de trabajo de la psicoterapia. Por lo tanto, el EMDR está siendo utilizando cada vez más por los clínicos, trabajando con personas que sufren de traumas crónicos vinculados a relaciones interpersonales traumáticas. Es de sobra conocido que, en los primeros años de vida, las interacciones con los demás dan lugar a conexiones importantes en el cerebro, que progresivamente influyen en la sensación interna que tenemos de nosotros mismos y la capacidad de tener relaciones sanas con el mundo exterior. Las experiencias de relaciones con las figuras de apego durante la infancia temprana pueden ayudar a desarrollar la autorregulación emocional y contribuir a la formación de patrones cognitivos, conductuales y emocionales. La investigación sobre el apego ha demostrado que son estas relaciones las que influyen en el desarrollo de la capacidad de equilibrar las emociones, establecer intimidad interpersonal, así como de la capacidad de autorreflexión y mentalización. Además, es evidente que la comunicación interpersonal y emocional dentro de la familia de origen puede sentar las bases para el desarrollo de recursos, el sentirse valioso y la resiliencia cuando uno está bajo una fuerte tensión emocional, fomentando por tanto la salud mental.

During the past two decades, EMDR has become a first line option for the treatment of PTSD associated with exposure to traumatic events such as accidents, natural disasters or man-made disasters. Meanwhile, clinicians have found that the application of EMDR is useful in treating patients who have suffered emotionally traumatic events described by them as characteristic of their family of origin, personal history and their attachment relationships. A lot of research and publications have examined in depth the effectiveness of EMDR in this field of work of psychotherapy. Therefore, EMDR is being used increasingly by clinicians, working with people suffering from chronic trauma related to interpersonal trauma. It is well known that in the first years of life, interactions with others lead to important connections in the brain that progressively influence the internal sense of ourselves and the ability to have healthy relationships with the outside world . The experiences of relationships with attachment figures in early childhood may help develop emotional self-regulation and contribute to the formation of cognitive patterns, behavioral and emotional problems. The attachment research has shown that it is these relationships that influence the development of the ability to balance emotions, establish interpersonal intimacy and the capacity for self-reflection and awareness. It is also clear that interpersonal and emotional communication within the family of origin may lay the foundation for the development of resources, to feel valued and resilience when one is under emotional stress, thus promoting mental health.

Keywords: Dissociation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

299. 天野タマキ市井雅哉 [Amano Tamaki, and Ichii Masaya]. (2009年5月). EMDR痴呆（BPSD）の行動と精神的症状の治療 [Treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) with EMDR]. EMDR研究1（1）、24から33 [Japanese Journal of EMDR Research and Practice, 1(1), 24-33].

Language: Japanese

Format: Journal

Abstract:
回想療法と検証療法などの非薬物療法が BPSD（の行動と精神的症状の治療に過去の記憶へのアクセス認知症）が有効であることが証明されている。眼球運動脱感作と再処理（はEMDR）また、メモリにアクセスする治療の別のフォームは、効果が証明されています外傷性記憶の処理。本論文では、2つのBPSDの場合はによって引き起こされると考えられて traumaric思い出とEMDRによる処理が記載されている：最初の67歳女性歳アルツハイマー病の早期発症に苦しむ患者と、2番目の85歳の男性歳血管性認知症の患者。外傷性記憶を処理の結果 EMDR、女性患者ののろいが低下慢性的な、彼女は多くの場合、笑顔。と男性患者の不安と大きな声を大幅に削減されます。これらの結果は衝撃的な記憶によって引き起こされるいくつかのBPSDの場合に効果的な心理療法としてEMDRを示す

Non-pharmacological therapies such as Reminiscence therapy and Validation therapy which access to past memories in the treatment of BPSD (behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia) have been proven to be effective. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), another form of therapy which also accesses to memory, has been proven effective in the processing of traumatic memories. In this paper, two BPSD cases believed to be caused by traumaric memories and treated by EMDR are discussed: the first with a 67-year-old female patient suffering from early-onset Alzheimer's disease, and the second with an 85-year-old male patient suffering from vascular dementia. As a result of processing traumatic memories with EMDR, the female patient's chronic cursing decreases and she smiles more often. and the male patient's restlessness and loud voice are drastically reduced. These results indicate EMDR as an effective psychotherapy for some BPSD cases which are caused by traumatic memories.

Keywords: Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia BPSD Non-Pharmacological Therapies Resource Development and Installation RDI

Accuracy Verified: Yes

300. Shapiro, F. (2007). EMDR, adaptive information processing, and case conceptualization. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 1(2), 68-87. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.1.2.68.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
EMDR is an integrative, client-centered psychotherapy approach that emphasizes the brain's information processing system and memories of disturbing experiences as the bases of those pathologies not caused by organic deficit or insult. EMDR addresses the experiences that contribute to clinical conditions and those needed to bring the client to a robust state of psychological health. Overviews of the history, development, and research that have established EMDR as an empirically supported treatment are provided. Subsequent to an explanation of the adaptive information processing model, an extended case example is used to illustrate the recommended EMDR case conceptualization and eight phases of treatment. This approach is used to process the early memories that set the foundation for the pathology and the present situations that trigger the dysfunction, while providing templates for appropriate future action that incorporate the information and behaviors needed to overcome skill and/or developmental deficits. The benefits of integrating EMDR and family systems perspectives to provide the most comprehensive therapeutic effects are described. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP Case Conceptualization Family Systems Therapy Integrative Psychotherapy Memories

Accuracy Verified: Yes

301. O'Brien, J. M., & Abel, N. J. (2011). EMDR, addictions, and the stages of change: A road map for intervention. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 5(3), 121-130. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.5.3.121.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
A growing body of literature indicates that eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) can be useful in the treatment of addictions. When combined with traditional addictions treatment approaches, EMDR can enhance client stability, prevent relapse, and promote recovery. Clinical decision making about when and how to use EMDR techniques with clients who present with addictions is complicated. The purpose of this article is to explore the use of EMDR interventions with clients presenting various levels of awareness of their addiction as well as varied levels of motivation to change. The authors explore the Stages of Change and suggest appropriate pre-EMDR EMDR interventions at each stage.

Keywords: Addiction Stages of Change Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

302. Saul, J., Errebo, N., Boel, J., & Knope, J. (2005, September). EMDR, disaster, and emerging standards of psycho-social response. Panel presentation (R. Gelbach, Moderator) at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Seattle, WA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR volunteers usually working through Humanitarian Assistance Programs, have been responding to disasters worldwide for over ten years, beginning with Oklahoma City. During that period, major international relief organizations and leaders in psychosocial response to disaster have been generating new and explicit standards to guide interventions. This panel, consisting of EMDR activists ad independent experts on disaster relief, will review the emerging standards and how EMDR clinicians can relate to them.

Keywords: Disaster Relief Humanitarian Assistance

Accuracy Verified: Yes

303. Wesselmann, D., Schweitzer, C., Bruckner, D., & Armstrong, S. (2012, October). EMDR-family therapy integrative team approach for healing attachment trauma in children. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Arlington, VA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Children who have experienced early maltreatment and who have been relinquished or removed from birth families frequently exhibit severe and challenging behaviors. Therapists are caught in a Catch-22, as children require an emotionally supportive environment from caregivers to open up emotionally and address the traumas underlying their behaviors, and yet the child behaviors create feelings in the the parents that prevent them from being able to provide emotional support. The EMDR Integrative Team model allows for collaboration between a family therapist and an EMDR therapist in order to change parent-child patterns and create a “secure holding environment” for trauma therapy.

Keywords: Attachment Trauma Children Family Therapy Intergrative Approach

Accuracy Verified: Yes

304. Morris-Smith, J. (2002). EMDR: A case for pre-verbal memory?. In J. Morris-Smith, (Ed.), EMDR : Clinical applications with children, Occasional paper no. 19 (pp. 23-29) London: The Association for Child Psychology and Psychiatry.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
The use of EMDR with children aged 4 years and over who have been exposed to physical abuse, disasters and other traumatic incidents in their infancy and early childhood is beginning to reveal some interesting material. The characteristics of the play and behaviours of traumatized young children were described by Terr (1991). It is suggested that the use of EMDR as a treatment approach is indicative that long-term retention for pre-verbal traumatic events does occur for children traumatised in infancy and perhaps even in the womb. This presentation presents two cases treated by EMDR in which it appears that the children are accessing and processing experiences that occurred too early in development to be encoded with language. EMDR helps these children access and process very early traumatisation and in some cases they are then able to report on them verbally. It is hypothesized that the EMDR technique helps create a verbal narrative for the early memories, and that this allows the child to process and integrate their sensations, emotions and cognitions within a more coherent personal biography. The ability of EMDR to help a child to process and bring to resolution hitherto almost inaccessible infantile memories particularly those relating to abuse, has enormous implications for the child's ability to move on and form healthier attachments and more construction behaviour patterns. It suggests new avenues for research into infantile traumatic memories and their impact on the developing child.

Keywords: Memory Occasional Paper Pre-verbal

Accuracy Verified: Yes

305. Morris-Smith, J. (2002). EMDR: Clinical applications with children. ACPP Occasional Paper No. 19, Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.

Language: English

Format: Book

Abstract:
Since Francine Shapiro published her original study on Eye Movement Desensitisation Reprocessing (EMDR) in 1989, more than 20,000 therapists in 55 countries have been taught to use this technique. Over the past decade, the procedure has evolved, making it accessible to a wider range of psychological difficulties. The ACPP recently held a very successful conference examining the context in which EMDR can be applied and the range of psychological disorders that it can help. Contents: Robert H. Tinker. EMDR for traumatised children around the world Ricky Greenwald. EMDR and trauma-focused treatment for conduct problems Joanne Morris-Smith. EMDR: a case for pre-verbal memory? Eamon McMahon. EMDR in the treatment of attachment and bonding difficulties Guinevere Tufnell. EMDR: working with the legal system Alison Russell & Mike O'Connor. Interventions for recovery: the use of EMDR with children in a community-based project Umran Korkmazler-Oral & Seniz Pamuk. Group EMDR with child survivors of the earthquake in turkey Tony Roberts. Websites relating to psychological trauma: with emphasis on children

Keywords: Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

306. Burns, M. (2011). EMDR: A documentary film. Author.

Language: English

Format: Video

Abstract:
This film weaves personal stories into discussion about Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing's evolution and remarkable development. Researchers and practitioners from across the world share their reflections about EMDR's early days when founder Francine Shapiro began honing the therapy's methodology as well as how EMDR has transformed their practices in the decades since. Interviews explore the acute need for PTSD and trauma treatment that works efficiently and quickly to address the needs of the millions upon millions in need. Through interviews with the top EMDR community memebers, this documentary introduces and explains this therapy's components. Combining powerful personal stories from the military and civilian worlds, the film explores the ability of the human brain to re-wire itself when given the opportunity. More and more people every day, are affected by trauma personally. Many more feel the ripple-effects as family, friends, and co-workers of a traumatized person. This project's premise is that the trajectory of lives touched by tragedy and pain need not be predetermined.

Keywords: Interviews Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

307. Grant, M. (2000, May). EMDR: A new treatment for trauma and chronic pain. Complementary Therapies in Nursing and Midwifery, 6(2), 91-94. doi:10.1054/ctnm.2000.0459.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) is a new psychological treatment for trauma that is capable of facilitating rapid and permanent reduction in distressing thoughts and feelings (Carlson et al. 1998,Wilson et al. 1995). In addition to reduction of psychological distress, the method leads to more adaptive attitudes and functioning. The utility of the method also appears to extend beyond trauma with Goldstein & Feske 1994, Grant 1986). As a treatment for pain EMDR offers a method of positive results reported in the treatment of addictions, phobias, and pain (Henry 1996, facilitating permanent changes in how pain is experienced somatically and emotionally. Knowledge and understanding of the principles underlying EMDR can also provide a guide for more effective interventions by pain specialists. [PubMed]

Keywords: Chronic Pain Pain Control Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

308. Karpel, M. A. (2006, September). EMDR: Targeting the repetition compulsion in couples therapy. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Philadelphia, PA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR constitutes a valuable tool for couples therapists when one or both partners are stuck in repetitive, reactive cycles. This workshop describes the circumstances in which EMDR is most likely to be helpful in couples therapy. It examines the benefits of EMDR through the lens of the repetition compulsion, with pariicular emphasis on common - and often intractable - impasses in in the treatment of couples. The origins of the repetition compulsion in early failures of attunement are described, as in the re-enactment of these experiences in the adult couples relationship. Working with EMDR is nested within the context of a resource-based approach to couples therapy, emphasizing how emotional reactivity and defensive withdrawal impede the expression of empathy, trustworthiness, intimacy and repair in the couples relationship. Different formats for conducting EMDR (separately with one partner; separately with both partners; conjointly with both partners; or adjunctively with another therapist) are presented, along with indicators, advantages and disadvantages of each format. Special considerations (such as when to introduce EMDR, balancing alliances, sequencing sessions and instructions to an observing partner) and modifications of the standard protocol when EMDR is used in the context of couples treatment are also clarified. Finally, circumstances in which EMDR is unlikely to be helpful or in which it is contraindicated are examined.

Keywords: Couples Therapy Repetition Compulsion

Accuracy Verified: Yes

309. Quinn, G., & Zucker, D. (2008, June). Emergency EMDR & ERP (Emergency Response Procedure): Treatment following natural man made disasters for victims experiencing immediate high stress and including the period of ASD. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR is a well established therapy for the treatment of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). It is believed that PTSD can be reduced or prevented if treated early. Although usually used at a later time, EMDR has also been used effectively in the immediate period following trauma. Victims of immediate trauma often exhibit “silent terror” or extreme stress .The Emergency Response Procedure (ERP), described in the Humanitarian Assistance Programs (HAP) Disaster Manual, was developed to deal with victims of natural and man made disaster within hours of exposure to trauma. Participants in this workshop will learn how to respond to these clients in the immediate aftermath of trauma, utilizing Debriefing and ERP. This same basic approach can be applied in the event of strong abreaction during the initial phase of History-taking, and prior to the Preparation Phase of EMDR. Similarly, treatment with ERP may also be considered for patients exhibiting this “silent terror” or extreme stress during initial treatment by first responders at the scene of an accident or in ambulances en route to medical facilities. Case examples will be presented to illustrate the successful treatment of Acute Stress Disorder (ASD) with survivors of the earthquake in Turkey and the Tsunami in Thailand, and with victims of terror and war in Israel. In this presentation the Recent Events Protocol will be examined, with particular emphasis on modifying the Positive Cognitions (PC) in the face of continuing ongoing danger. The EMDR Group Protocol will be presented and followed by a practicum. [There are 2 PDF files.]

Keywords: Emergency Response Procedure ERP

Accuracy Verified: Yes

310. Lanius, R. A. (2010, June). Emotion regulation and the self in complex PTSD. Keynote presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The lecture will focus on the core problems in PTSD related to early life trauma, including emotion dysregulation and fragmentation of the self. The neural correlates of emotional awareness, social emotion processing and self-monitoring will be described. Implications for stage oriented trauma treatment and early intervention will be discussed.

Keywords: Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Complex PTSD C-PTSD Keynote Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

311. Goodyear-Brown, P. (2008, January). Empirically informed play therapy inteventions for treating traumatized children, Parts I & II. Presentation at the San Diego International Conference on Child and Family Maltreatment, San Diego, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract: E
vidence Based Practice is the new standard in the field. However, the evidence base regarding trauma treatments for children, particularly young children, is in the early stages of it's evolution. Recent research related to the neurobiology of trauma, implicit and explicit memory systems and the impact of these dynamics on trauma treatment will be discussed. Treatments with a large evidence base, such as TF-CBT and EMDR will be discussed with a view to how many of the treatment goals can be accomplished and more easily digested by children through the vehicle of play. It is critical that practitioners who serve traumatized children be able to match interventions to treatment goals and symptomatology. Specific play therapy interventions will be tied to treatment goals in an effort to help practitioners expand their repertoires with child-friendly interventions based on the latest research. The treatment areas covered in this workshop will include helping the client to 1) re-establish a sense of safety and security, 2) learn and practice stress inoculation strategies, 3) identify and confront faulty attributions related to the trauma, 4) restructure distorted cognitions related to the trauma and 5) create a trauma narrative. Several play therapy interventions will be explained and demonstrated for each of the aforementioned gaols. Children accomplish the hard work of healing from trauma in a gentle, fun and safe treatment milieu. Case vignettes, slides and video clips will augment the didactic presentation. Experiential methods will also be used. Participants should come prepared to play!

Keywords: Children Evidence-Based Practice Play Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

312. Spates, C. R. (2012). Empirically supported psychological treatments: EMDR. In J. G. Beck & D. M. SLoan (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of traumatic stress (pp. 449-462). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
In this chapter we review the empirical foundation for Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Therapy (EMDR) for posttraumatic stress disorder. We present a brief description of the therapy, critically review recent primary and meta-analytic investigations concerning its efficacy and effectiveness, offer a summary of recent primary investigations that addressed the mechanism of action for EMDR, and based on this overall review, we suggest limitations with recommendations for future research. Recent empirical investigations of the efficacy of EMDR have improved along a number of important dimensions, and these along with the few completed effectiveness trials, position this therapy among evidence-based frontline interventions for PTSD. What is less thoroughly researched, and thus less well understood, are putative models of its theoretical mechanism of action. In addition to continuing specific improvements in research concerning efficacy and effectiveness, we recommend more and higher quality empirical studies of its mechanism of action. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

313. Seliga, M. (2009, Fall). Empirically supported treatment interventions for clients with posttraumatic stress disorder and comorbid borderline personality disorder: A critical review. Praxis, 9, 61-69.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The overall stigma- and gender-related controversies that surround the diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) present a unique ethical mandate to the practitioner. The relationship between trauma and the BPD diagnosis strengthens the need for carefully designed treatment interventions in order to secure the benefits of trauma-focused work, while minimizing the risk of undue regression. The complexity and risk of harm introduced by a diagnosis of comorbid BPD and PTSD urges the need for clarification of optimal treatment interventions to guide practitioners. The use of adjunctive treatment modalities alongside traumafocused interventions emerges as an empirically supported technique in the treatment of severely comorbid patients.

Keywords: Borderline Personality Disorder Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

314. Weisz, J. R., Hawley, K. M., & Doss, A. J. (2004). Empirically tested psychotherapies for youth internalizing and externalizing problems and disorders. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North American, 13, 729–815. doi:10.1016/j.chc.2004.05.006.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The term psychotherapy has come to be applied to a broad array of nonmedical interventions designed to alleviate psychologic distress, reduce maladaptive behavior, or increase deficient adaptive behavior through counseling, interaction, a training program, or a predetermined treatment plan. Although the specific term is relatively recent historically, the general idea is ancient. Roots of psychotherapy can be found in the ageless tradition of helping by listening, discussing, and questioning. Among the early Greek philosophers, Socrates developed a method and a thesis that presaged some modern forms of psychotherapy. His approach involved questioning others to provoke them to examine their beliefs, with the goal of bringing them closer to truth. His method reflected his ‘‘midwife thesis,’’ the notion that the philosopher’s role is to deliver the truth that already is within others, much as the midwife delivers the baby that is within a mother. This idea, of course, is not so different from the view many modern therapists have of their own professional roles. Other approaches that fall under the ‘‘psychotherapy umbrella’’ do not involve talk therapies but rather procedures that parents, teachers, and other adults use to limit disobedient or disruptive behavior by boys and girls or to help youngsters focus attention or behave less impulsively. The struggle by adults to shape, manage, and guide youth behavior certainly predates even the ancient Greeks.

Keywords: Adolescents Externalization Internalization

Accuracy Verified: Yes

315. Ogden, P. (2004, September). Empowering the body: Somatic awareness and physical action in the treatment of trauma and dissociation. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Assocation, Montreal, Quebec Canada.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The repetitive traumatic patterns our clients come to us to change are not only psychological but somatic, clearly reflected in posture, energy level, movement, regulation of arousal and other physical attributes. Changing these patterns cannot be accomplished by insight alone. The procedural memory that keeps such behaviors and dissociative patterns in in place must be addressed. A body-oriented approach is indicated that facilitates new actions and addresses dissociative symptoms, including somaticcomponents of traumatic memories (e.g., pain, analgesia, and motor inhibitions) and avoidance-related symptoms such as bodily anesthesia. Sensorimotor Psychotherapy emphasizes practicing new actions and building other somatic resouces to mitigate symptoms and develop a somatic sense of self. In this workshop, somatic interventions that can be integrated into existing clinical skills will be taught and illustrated through excerpts of videotaped therapy sessions and brief experiential exercises.

Keywords: Dissociation Somatism Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

316. Feinstein, D. (2008). Energy psychology: A review of the preliminary evidence. Psychotherapy, 45(2), 199-213. doi:10.1037/0033-3204.45.2.199.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Energy psychology utilizes imaginal and narrative-generated exposure, paired with interventions that reduce hyperarousal through acupressure and related techniques. According to practitioners, this leads to treatment outcomes that are more rapid, powerful, and precise than the strategies used in other exposure-based treatments such as relaxation or diaphragmatic breathing. The method has been exceedingly controversial. It relies on unfamiliar procedures adapted from non- Western cultures, posits unverified mechanisms of action, and early claims of unusual speed and therapeutic power ran far ahead of initial empirical support. This paper reviews a hierarchy of evidence regarding the efficacy of energy psychology, from anecdotal reports to randomized clinical trials. Although the evidence is still preliminary, energy psychology has reached the minimum threshold for being designated as an evidence-based treatment, with one form having met the APA Division 12 criteria as a “probably efficacious treatment” for specific phobias; another for maintaining weight loss. The limited scientific evidence, combined with extensive clinical reports, suggests that energy psychology holds promise as a rapid and potent treatment for a range of psychological conditions.

Keywords: Energy psychology

Accuracy Verified: Yes

317. deGraffenreid, D., & Page, R. (2009, April 18). The enhanced safe place: A practitioners guide to using multi sensory imaging to strengthen the safe place. Presentation at the Western Massachusetts EMDRIA Conference "EMDR and the Body," Amherst, MA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Enhanced Safe Place (ESP) builds comfort and trust early in treatment. EP is especially effective in community MH settings. ESP contains preparatory information, multi sensory imaging, progressive relaxation and simple hypnotherapy techniques. Participants will practice the three stages (preparation, beginning, debriefing) and 10 specific techniques to help create highly effective body-oriented ESP experiences.

Keywords: Enhanced Safe Place

Accuracy Verified: Yes

318. Moses, M. D. (2007). Enhancing attachments: Conjoint couple therapy. In F. Shaprio, F. W. Kaslow, & L. Maxfield (Eds.), Handbook of EMDR and family therapy processes (pp. 146-166). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
This chapter addresses the integration of EMDR processing when working with couples in conjoint therapy, specifically targeting the problem of attachment issues. When precautions are taken, applying EMDR with couples produces the potential for a deepand mutually productive experience. EMDR’s uniquely rapid processing of interrelated attachment issues lessens the intensity of “triggers” and can free the couple from their long-standing impasses. Many couples struggle with over- or under-reactivity, generally referred to as “triggers”. These triggers are typically rooted in early attachment injuries, as well as injuries generated from the couple’s own relationship. While EMDR is most commonly used in individual treatment, it can also be bridged to the relationship system as a powerful and effective treatment modality for couples. The therapeutic effect of the partners witnessing each other’s EMDR processing work is often enormous. Done conjointly, each partner becomes increasingly more compassionate and understanding of the other. Ultimately, progress is hastened … enhancing the therapy, and allowing the couple to develop new and more fulfilling connections and attachments. In sequence, this chapter covers the following areas: attachment issues from a Family Systems perspective; therapeutic guidelines for EMDR usage with couples; identification of “small t” attachment triggers; indications and contraindications; a specific EMDR protocol for work with couples; two detailed couples case illustrations and treatments, focused on problems rooted in attachment issues; and finally, reflection and discussion of the advantages and benefits for integrating EMDR into work with couples.

Keywords: Attachment Attachment Behavior Conjoint Couple Therapy Conjoint Therapy Couples Couples Therapy Marriage Counseling

Accuracy Verified: Yes

319. Shapiro, S. (2001). Enhancing self-belief with EMDR: Developing a sense of mastery in the early phase of treatment. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 55(4), 531-542.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Deep inside each of us is a seed that holds our vision of truth, peace, and happiness. Our early childhood attachments, societal influences, and innate capacity determine how well that seed is nurtured and the deepest inner vision is set free. This article is about the ways that vision becomes clouded by attachment deficits, trauma, and subsequent symptoms. The deep inner wish to heal allows for transformation, and approaches like Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, and hypnotherapy can assist in creating a more rapid acceleration of trauma resolution and transformation of self. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Hypnotherapy Self Efficacy Self Esteem Stressors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

320. Smithson, M. (2003, September). Enhancing somatic interventions in EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The somatic intervention is key to effective EMDR processing. It makes every possible use of EMDR more effective, whether it be trauma work, performance enhancement or resource development. How then, do we maximize the potentia1 for healing with EMDR through our somatic interventions? In this workshop, specific methods for enhancing somatic intervention will be presented. We will experience some of these methods and review cases where others have been used effectively. We will look at blending movement and creative modalities to flush out the wisdom in the body and enhance EMDR therapy.

Keywords: Somatic Complaints

Accuracy Verified: Yes

321. Luber, M., & Shapiro, F. (2010). Entretien avec Francine Shapiro: Aperçu historique, questions actuelles et directions futures de l'EMDR [Interview with Francine Shapiro: Historical, current issues and future directions of EMDR]. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 4(2), 1E-17E. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.3.4.217.

Language: French

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Cet entretien avec Dr Francine Shapiro, inventrice et conceptrice de la thérapie EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing : thérapie d’intégration neuro-émotionnelle par des stimulations bilatérales alternées) apporte un aperçu de l’histoire et de l’évolution de l’EMDR depuis ses origines jusqu’aux résultats actuels et à leur utilisation, ainsi que les directions futures pour la recherche et le développement de la clinique. Dr Shapiro examine les traditions psychologiques qui ont guidé le développement de l’EMDR et le modèle de l’information adaptative, ainsi que les implications pour les traitements actuels. La logique qui sous-tend l’application de l’EMDR à un large éventail de troubles est envisagée, tout comme son intégration avec d’autres approches thérapeutiques. Les sujets évoqués comprennent la recherche sur le rôle des mouvements oculaires, l’utilisation de l’EMDR avec les vétérans de guerre, les troubles somatoformes, les questions de l’attachement et les caractéristiques uniques de l’EMDR qui ont permis son utilisation lors d’interventions de crise à travers le monde.

This interview with Dr. Francine Shapiro, inventor and developer of EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing: Integration Therapy Neuro-Emotional alternating bilateral stimulation) provides an overview of the history and evolution of EMDR from its origins to the present results and their use as well as future directions for research and development of the clinic. Dr. Shapiro examines the psychological traditions that have guided the development of EMDR and adaptive information model, and the implications for current treatments. The logic behind the application of EMDR to a wide range of disorders is considered, as its integration with other therapeutic approaches. Topics discussed include research on the role of eye movements, the use of EMDR with war veterans, somatoform disorders, issues of attachment and the unique features of EMDR which allowed its use in Response to crisis around the world.

Keywords: History Interview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

322. Morris-Smith, J. (2011, June). The European EMDR shrinking protocol for children and adolesence: Development, theoretical considerations and clinical insights. Pre-conference presentation at the 12th European Conference on Traumatic Stress (ECOTS), Vienna, Austria.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The development of the Shrinking Protocol and its application has given rise to many interesting questions relating to the nature of trauma in childhood including whether pre-verbal trauma exists and is treatable; what constitutes a trauma in childhood; how does attachment and family dynamics affect EMDR therapy; what is dissociation in childhood and how can it be managed in EMDR therapy; what are the effects of chronic long-term traumatisation in early childhood and how soon can these be addressed. Also interesting questions have included how does it get integrated with other therapeutic modes and when to start. Further interesting discoveries have also been made when applying it to special groups, for example children with ASD and other developmental and medical conditions. EMDR therapy for children and adolescents is now being found to have very wide-ranging applications. This workshop will describe the evolution of the Shrinking Protocol which was based on the earlier work of Tinker & Wilson (1999) and demonstrate some of its different applications and uses with different conditions which will be illustrated with video clips. It also will demonstrate how EMDR therapy has led to new insights into the nature of traumatisation in childhood and suggest potential new directions for research and therapy.

Keywords: Adolescents Children Shrinking Protocol

Accuracy Verified: Yes

323. Gracheck, K. A. (2010). Evaluating the efficacy of EMDR as an athletic performance enhancement intervention. The University of the Rockies, Colorado Springs, CO. 3433356.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is traditionally regarded as a treatment for trauma; however, recent literature suggested that EMDR is also a promising athletic performance enhancement intervention. Sport psychology literature cited the need for scientifically sound research investigating new performance enhancement interventions. This study answered that call and sought to determine the validity of theories speculating about the efficacy of EMDR in sport. An internationally competitive cyclist participated in a case study investigating the efficacy of a unique EMDR protocol designed specifically for sport. The protocol integrated Resource Development and Installation, typically conducted during Phase 8, into Phase 2. Quantitative and qualitative results demonstrated that EMDR had a positive impact on measurable performance outcomes, performance anxiety, self-esteem, and motivation.

Keywords: Athletes Performance Enhancement

Accuracy Verified: Yes

324. Des Groseilliers, I. B. (2009, June). Évaluation longitudinale de l'efficacité d'une nouvelle intervention dyadique, brève et précoce visant la prévention du TSPT [Longitudinal evaluation of the effectiveness of a new intervention dyadic brief and early for the prevention of PTSD]. Université du Québec à Montréal.

Language: French

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
La présente thèse s'intéresse à l'évaluation de l'efficacité à court et à long terme d'une nouvelle intervention dyadique, brève et précoce ayant pour but la prévention du trouble de stress post-traumatique (TSPT). L'exposition à un événement traumatique provoque, chez certains individus, une souffrance émotionnelle considérable qui entrave leur fonctionnement quotidien de manière parfois importante. Au cours des deux dernières décennies, des interventions curatives efficaces ont été créées, soit la thérapie cognitive-comportementale (TCC) et la désensibilisation par mouvement oculaire (EMDR). On remarque cependant un manque criant d'interventions efficaces à court et à long terme qui ont pour but la prévention du TSPT, malgré les efforts du débriefing et de la TCC brève en ce sens. Cette thèse vise donc, dans un premier temps, à faire le point sur l'état des connaissances au niveau de l'efficacité des interventions précoces et, dans un deuxième temps, évaluer de manière empirique l'efficacité à moyen (3 mois) et surtout à long terme (2 ans) d'une nouvelle intervention dyadique, brève et précoce pour prévenir le TSPT. La nouvelle intervention dont il est question dans le présent ouvrage se déroule en deux séances et est offerte à la victime et une personne-soutien de son choix par une travailleuse sociale ou une infirmière. Elle met l'accent sur la psychoéducation, l'apprentissage à la communication exempte de soutien social négatif (minimisation, hostilité, impatience, etc.) et sur l'importance de ne pas éviter les stimuli associés à l'événement traumatique. La thèse comporte quatre chapitres. Le premier propose une recension de la littérature qui met à jour les principales conclusions quant à l'efficacité du débriefing et de la TCC brève pour prévenir le TSPT. Cette recension met en évidence les principales failles méthodologiques et les difficultés d'application de ces interventions. De plus, elle expose le rationnel derrière l'utilisation du soutien social comme ingrédient actif d'une intervention de prévention de ce trouble. Le second chapitre présente une étude d'efficacité randomisée et contrôlée de l'efficacité de la nouvelle intervention. Soixante-six participants ont été randomisés soit dans la condition intervention ou dans la condition de contrôle. Les résultats ont démontré qu'au post-test de trois mois, les participants de la condition intervention manifestaient des symptômes de TSPT significativement moins intenses que ceux de la condition contrôle. De plus, les participants de la condition intervention rapportent une diminution significative du soutien social perçu, contrairement aux participants de la condition de contrôle qui n'observent pas cette différence. Il est intéressant de souligner que le taux d'abandons en cours de traitement fut équivalent et très bas au sein des deux groupes. Ceci suggère que les participants tolèrent bien cette nouvelle intervention. Aucune différence n'a été observée entre les deux groupes en ce qui a trait à l'occurrence de psychopathologies comorbides. Le troisième chapitre se veut une relance à 2 ans post-trauma de l'étude présentée au chapitre précédent. Quarante-six des 66 participants ont accepté de prendre part à cette relance. Les résultats révèlent que, deux ans après l'événement traumatique, les participants ayant reçu l'intervention étaient encore beaucoup moins symptomatiques que les participants n'ayant pas reçu cette intervention. Un fait plus qu'intéressant qui ressort de cette étude est qu'aucun participant de la condition intervention ne rapporte un TSPT et cinq participants de la condition contrôle souffrent encore de ce trouble deux ans après l'événement traumatique. Parallèlement, il a été observé que les participants ayant reçu l'intervention perçoivent encore moins de soutien social négatif que ceux de la condition contrôle. À l'instar de ce qui a été rapporté au post-test de trois mois, les deux groupes ne révèlent pas de différence significative par rapport à la manifestation d'autres affections psychologiques. Le quatrième et dernier chapitre propose une discussion générale des résultats en fonction des interprétations qui peuvent en être tirées, des différentes forces et limites intrinsèques ainsi que des implications théoriques et cliniques qui peuvent en découler.

This thesis focuses on the evaluation of the effectiveness in the short and long-term reoperation dyadic brief and early aimed at the prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Exposure to a traumatic event causes in some individuals, suffering considerable emotional hinders their daily operations be significant. Over the past two decades, effective curative interventions were created either cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and eye movement desensitization (EMDR). We note, however, a dearth of effective interventions in the short and long-term aim of preventing PTSD, despite the efforts of debriefing and brief CBT in this direction. This thesis therefore aims, firstly, to take stock of the state of knowledge at the effectiveness of early interventions, and in a second step, empirically assess the efficacy medium (3 months) especially in the long term (2 years) of a new intervention dyadic brief early to prevent PTSD. The new intervention mentioned in this book takes place in two sessions and is offered to the victim and a support person of their choice by a social worker or nurse. It focuses on psychoeducation, learning to communicate free of negative social support (minimization, hostility, impatience, etc..) And the importance of not avoiding stimuli associated with the traumatic event. The thesis consists of four chapters. The first provides a literature review that updates the main conclusions about the effectiveness of debriefing and brief CBT to prevent PTSD. This review highlights the main methodological flaws and difficulties in implementing these interventions. In addition, it outlines the rationale behind the use of social support as an active ingredient of an intervention to prevent this disorder. The second chapter presents an efficacy study randomized controlled effectiveness of the new intervention. Sixty-six participants were randomized to either intervention or condition in the control condition. The results showed that post-test three months, participants in the condition action had symptoms of PTSD significantly less intense than those of the control condition. In addition, participants reported response provided a significant reduction in perceived social support, unlike the members of the control condition who do not observe this difference. It is interesting to note that the dropout rate during treatment was low and similar in both groups. This suggests that participants tolerate this new intervention. No difference was observed between the two groups in regard to the occurrence of comorbid psychopathology. The third chapter is a raise to 2 years post-trauma of the study presented in the previous chapter. Forty-six of the 66 participants agreed to take part in this revival. The results show that two years after the traumatic event, participants who received the intervention were still much less symptomatic than participants who did not receive this intervention. A more than interesting fact that emerges from this study is that no participant intervention condition reported PTSD and five participants from the control condition still suffer from this disorder two years after the traumatic event. Meanwhile, it was observed that participants who received the intervention perceive less social support than the negative control condition. Like what has been reported in post-test three months, the two groups did not show a significant difference in the expression of other psychological ailments. The fourth and final chapter provides a general discussion of the results based on interpretations that can be drawn, different strengths and inherent limitations as well as theoretical and clinical implications that may arise.

Keywords: CBT Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Dyadic Intervention Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

325. Oswalt, R., Anderson, M., Hagstrom, K., & Berkowitz, B. (1993, August). Evaluation of the one-session eye-movement desensitization reprocessing procedure for eliminating traumatic memories. Psychological Reports, 73(1), 99-104. doi:10.2466/pr0.1993.73.1.99 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Eye-movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) is a relatively new therapy technique originally reported to eliminate traumatic memories (rape, catastrophes) in one session. Early published research has tended to support the technique. However, there is controversy and at least one unpublished recent study by Rothbaum who reported only about one-half of her cases had successful outcomes. The present study was conducted as a preliminary evaluation in 1990. Our results were judged to be unsuccessful in five of eight cases and successful in three cases. Further, the cases with the most pathology improved the least. The techniques, cases, and outcomes are presented to provide additional data on this new and controversial therapeutic technique. [Author Summary]

Keywords: Americans College Students Empirical Study Intrusive Thoughts Psychiatric Inpatients Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

326. Griffith, H. (2009, July). Evoking the embodied image with EMDR: Jung in the age of the brain. Presentation at the International Association for Jungian Studies Conference, Wales, Scotland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
A new paradigm for understanding psychopathology is emerging out of the convergence of research in formerly disparate domains such as neurobiology, attachment theory, and the effects of trauma. At the same time, unorthodox treatment modalities such as EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) and the Energy therapies are beginning to gain favour in mainstream psychotherapy, not only because they seem to be supported by findings in fields such as neurobiology, but because they are so effective. As Jungians, I believe that our challenge is to revisit our work in the light of these latest scientific discoveries. In this paper, I first outline what brain imaging techniques are revealing about the importance of the dance between mother and infant in the actual hard-wiring of the babys developing brain. I then focus on trauma research, which shows how the release of stress induced hormones can result in the disorganization of the brain and the consequent shut down of integrative neuronal pathways. If we bring these two streams of research together we can see how early trauma within the parent infant bond, in which there is no adequate container to prevent the baby from falling into unbearable anxiety and terror, can initiate the hard-wiring of dysfunctional attitudes and behaviours that become reinforced throughout the childs development. I then briefly describe the EMDR protocol, which is proving to be a very effective technique in helping adult patients work through some of these dysfunctional patterns internalized in that very early parental dyad. This protocol uses a bilateral stimulation of the brain to engage a wider network of neuronal pathways to help process the painful psychological material, or complex, with which the patient is struggling. Facilitating a successful EMDR session is a little like witnessing a spontaneous active imagination as the patient weaves together the threads of a multitude of images, sensations, emotions, and cognitions into the fabric of a fuller, more nuanced, healing story of the self. The purpose of my paper is to demonstrate how these recent theoretical insights and treatment protocols can illuminate and enhance a Jungian approach to conducting psychotherapy. What I find remarkable is the compatibility between much of the contemporary research on the brain and many of Jungs ideas about the psyche. In this paper, however, I focus primarily on what we can learn about the complex. Drawing on numerous examples from case histories, I illustrate the effectiveness of the EMDR protocol in evoking the affect and embodied image at the core of the complex. I also demonstrate how the bilateral stimulation of the brain not only helps facilitate change but also, through the material which is engendered, gives us a window into how the complex was constructed in the first place.

Keywords: Brain Jung

Accuracy Verified: No

327. Nicol, M. (2009, November). Experiences of peer supervision for EMDR in Lanarkshire. DCP in Scotland, 1, 23-26.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Following a decision by NHS Lanarkshire to provide funding for training in Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) 11 professionals, including clinical psychologists, counselling psychologists, a clinical associate and a psychological therapist undertook the three-part training in 2008 and 2009 provided by EMDR workshops, a leading UK EMDR training organisation and affiliated to the European EMDR Network. The rationale for providing this training was to allow staff to offer a variety of therapeutic interventions for individuals who have experienced trauma. EMDR is an evidence-based treatment for trauma and is recommended by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines as a treatment for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Whilst it is acknowledged that there continues to be some debate within clinical psychology regarding the use of EMDR and its scientific status, this will not be discussed within this article (see Van Etten & Taylor, 1998; Davidson & Parker, 2001; and Chemtob et al., 2000 for more information). As most of the therapists who undertook this training already had experience of working with trauma, mostly within a Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) framework, it was felt that providing an additional theoretical and practical framework for working with these individuals would provide further client choice

Keywords: Lanarkshire Peer Supervision

Accuracy Verified: Yes

328. Schottenbauer, M. A. (2006). Expert therapists and practicing clinicians: Reported prototypical treatments of trauma. The Catholic University of America. AAT 3239353.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
PTSD is a frequent psychiatric response to a variety of extreme psychological stressors. While several effective treatments for PTSD such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) have been included on lists of empirically supported treatments, nonresponse rates to these treatments can be high. According to patient report, psychodynamic interventions are more common than CBT for PTSD in the community, yet only one randomized controlled trial has included a psychodynamic treatment for PTSD. This dissertation reviews the treatment dropout and non-response rates in studies of empirically supported treatments for PTSD. Next, a case for the value of psychodynamic treatment of PTSD is made, utilizing empirical research on links between the psychopathology of PTSD and psychodynamic concepts such as defenses and relationship patterns. Then, an empirical study was conducted to find out how psychodynamic and CBT therapists treat patients with PTSD, to discover commonalities and defining characteristics of treatment within each group of respondents, and to delineate the unique contributions of psychodynamic psychotherapy to the treatment of such patients.Therapists who identified themselves primarily with psychodynamic/psychoanalytic or cognitive-behavioral theoretical orientations were recruited online through professional organization listservs. They were randomly presented one of four case studies, describing variations on trauma. Participants then completed a Psychotherapy Process Q-Sort to describe quantitatively their ideal treatment of the given patient. Results indicated many similarities among clinicians of widely different perspectives. Among clinicians who indicated that their primary theoretical orientation was psychodynamic, three prototypical treatments were discovered, and among clinicians who indicated that their primary theoretical orientation was cognitive-behavioral, four prototypical treatments were found. Overall, the prototypes in the current study were correlated with, but not identical to, prototypes of PD, CBT, or interpersonal therapy (IPT) developed in previous studies based on experts' ratings. While the literature has suggested that clinicians who treat patients who have PTSD may make alterations in their techniques to address issues that are specific to PTSD, the current study provides some evidence that therapists are not aware of how their treatment for trauma is different from the theoretical approaches they endorse. [Author Abstract] Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 67(10-B), 2007, pp. 6077.

Keywords: Cognitive Therapy Empirical Study Health Personnel Attitudes Mental Health Personnel Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Quantitative Study

Accuracy Verified: Yes

329. Kennedy, J. (2013, April 24). Exploring alternate ways to deal with trauma. Truro Daily News, Colchester County, Nova Scotia.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
I recently received EMDR training to add to my skill set of interventions to offer clients. What is EMDR, you might ask? It is the acronym for eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. This treatment was developed by Dr. Francine Shapiro to help those with trauma related disorders such as, PTSD (post traumatic stress disorder), whose natural ability to process traumatic experiences was compromised. The hypothesis is that EMDR bilateral stimulation (eye movements, audio beeps, tactile pulses) replicates REM sleep, which is presumed to assist the brain in processing the information it received during the day. The idea being that the eye movements, or other forms of bilateral stimulation, add to the therapy’s effectiveness by evoking neurological and physiological changes to aid in the reprocessing of the traumatic memories. [Excerpt]

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP General Overview

Accuracy Verified: No

330. McCullough, L. (2002, December). Exploring change mechanisms in EMDR applied to "small-t trauma" in short-term dynamic psychotherapy: Research questions and speculations. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58(12), 1531-1544. doi:10.1002/jclp.10103.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This article represents a process of preliminary search and discovery regarding the active mechanisms in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) when used in Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy (STDP). Patients' (N = 7) responses to EMDR interventions were categorized as either "trauma" or "resolution" responses and examined in relationship to (a) the number of EMDR sets, (b) patient Global Assessment of Functioning Rating (GAF) scores, and (c) raw change in Subjective Units of Distress (SUD) ratings of severity of traumatic memory and Validity of Cognition (VoC) ratings of positive cognitions before and after EMDR sessions. Further subcategorization and development of the broad categories of trauma and resolution were recommended and may be useful in shedding light on how change happens in EMDR. This study was exploratory and attempted only to identify possible variables for further study. However, the results show potential relationships among variables that merit further refinement and study. Research questions generated from this study are discussed. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Effects Empirical Study Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy PTSD Research Needs Stressors Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

331. Taylor, S. (2003, October-November). Exposure therapy, EMDR and relaxation. In M. Creamer (Chair), PTSD treatment outcome predictors. Symposium conducted at the 19th annual meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, Chicago, IL .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Several psychosocial treatments appear to be effective in treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, little is known about the predictors of treatment outcome. It is possible that some variables predict poor outcome for some treatments but not for others. To investigate this issue, outcome predictors were examined for three 8-session treatments: Exposure therapy (entailing prolonged imaginal and in vivo exposure), relaxation training, and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Sixty people with PTSD entered and 45 completed treatment. To our knowledge, ours was the first EMDR study to meet all the Foa and Meadows Gold Standards for methodologically sound outcome research. Treatments did not differ in attrition or perceived credibility. Predictors of treatment outcome in PTSD: While psychological treatments for PTSD have developed considerably in recent years, large variation in individual treatment response is apparent. This symposium integrates research from the USA, Canada, and Australia to examine the impact of personal characteristics, childhood abuse history, and treatment setting as predictors of response to cognitive behavioral interventions.

PTSD treatment outcome predictors: Exposure therapy, EMDR and relaxation: Exposure tended to be most effective, and EMDR and relaxation did not differ in efficacy. Low patient ratings of treatment credibility (assessed in session 2) predicted treatment dropout, regardless of treatment type. Of the potential outcome predictors examined, severe reexperiencing symptoms (assessed prior to treatment) predicted poor outcome for relaxation training but not for the other therapies. The best predictor of treatment outcome was whether or not patients received exposure therapy.

Keywords: Exposure Therapy PSTD Outcome Predictors Relaxation Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

332. Manfield, P. (1998). Extending EMDR: A casebook of innovative applications. New York: W. W. Norton.

Language: English

Format: Book

Abstract:
"Extending EMDR" is divided into two parts: those cases in which it was possible to target a relatively small number of distinct traumatic experiences, and those in which the client's symptoms have resulted from ongoing childhood trauma or neglect for which they are initially unable to identify representative discrete traumatic events. The cases in which clear targets were available required the therapists to identify those targets and work with a variety of resistances in order to achieve adaptive resolution. These clients could generally address their maladaptive defenses directly. Typically, their therapists relied on extensive cognitive interweave, structuring, support, and sometimes direct nurturing to make it possible for these clients to tolerate and utilize EMDR to process their targeted traumas.Where there were no distinct memories to target, the therapists needed to create innovative interventions. Their clients tended to be unable to address their maladaptive defenses directly without fragmenting or closing off. These cases required far more treatment time than those for which there were a limited number of discreet traumatic memories to target and process. Each therapist working with these clients needed to find a way to strengthen their ability to maintain internal cohesion and increase their sense of safety so that they could relinquish defenses without the threat of becoming overwhelmed and fragmented. Several of the therapists attempted to address directly the deficits that prevented their clients from recalling their past experiences, organizing them, and gaining access to specific memories and affect. [Text, pp. 9-10] [Pilots]

Keywords: Adults Americans Child Abuse Complex PTSD Defense Mechanisms Depressive Disorders Females Life Experiences Males Neglect Personality Disorders Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

333. MacCulloch, M. J. (1999). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment, 5, 120-125. doi:10.1192/apt.5.2.120.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) was described by Shapiro (1989a,b)as a new method for treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In May 1987, while walking in the park, Shapiro noticed that her own disturbing thoughts changed then disappeared "without any conscious effort" (Shapiro, 1995) when they had been tempor ally paired with diagonal upward to and fro eye movements. Over the next six months Shapiro worked with approximately 70 people to develop a procedure based on the temporal pairing of distressing images and thoughts with various eye movements. Shapiro began to develop strategies to unblock stalled emotional processing, which was initiated by EMDR in non-patients. She successfully tried the method on a Vietnam veteran suffering from severe PTSD and then embarked upon a trial of EMDR on a mixed group of victims of rape, molestation and Vietnam combat trauma. Initially, EMDR achieved wide recognition as a new break through treatment for PTSD. This was, in part, because of very positive early reports (e.g. Wolpe & Abrams, 1991), but also because the EMDR effect appeared to occur with unprecedented speed, often in cases of PTSD that had previously resisted treatment by many other methods over a long period.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

334. de Jongh, A., & ten Broeke, E. (2010, January). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Bijblijven, 26(1), 15-20. doi:10.1007/s12414-010-0004-5 .

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
EMDR is een geprotocolleerde, evidence-based behandelprocedure gericht op het ‘desensitiseren’ – verzwakken – van herinneringen aan beschadigende gebeurtenissen. Volgens de Multidisciplinaire richtlijn Angststoornissen uit 2003 is EMDR één van de twee meest in aanmerking komende psychologische interventies bij de posttraumatische stressstoornis (PTSS). Een belangrijk voordeel ten opzichte van andere behandelmethoden is de snelheid waarmee resultaten worden bereikt. Daarnaast ervaren veel patiënten en therapeuten EMDR als relatief weinig emotioneel belastend. Wij zullen de behandelaanpak illustreren aan de hand van twee casussen en informatie verschaffen over verwijzing, opleiding, beroepsvereniging en kwaliteitsbeleid.

EMDR is a manualized, evidence-based treatment procedure aimed at 'desensitisation' - weaken - memories of damaging events. According to the Anxiety Disorders Multidisciplinary guideline in 2003, EMDR is one of the two most appropriate psychological interventions for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). An important advantage over other treatment methods is the speed of results. In addition, many patients experienced EMDR therapists and have relatively low emotionally stressful. We will illustrate the treatment approach using two case studies and information about referral, education, professional associations and quality.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

335. Boudewyns, P. A. & Hyer, L. A. (1996, October). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) as treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 3(3), 185-195. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-0879(199609)3:3<185::AID-CPP101>3.0.CO;2-0.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing is a new and controversial cognitive-behavioural treatment technique that combines cognitive processing and exposure methodology to treat conditioned emotional responding and other trauma-related symptoms. EMDR is controversial in part due to initial excessive claims by its originator, Francine Shapiro, and also because of what many believe to be Shapiro's proprietary emphasis in controlling who may use the technique with patients. In this paper our aim is to take an objective look at the process and effectiveness of this technique. The purpose here is to (1) offer a brief objective review of the outcome literature to date on EMDR; (2) present a short summary of results of an 'early look' at an ongoing controlled study of this method that we are presently conducting; (3) speculate on the merits of this approach based on both scientific and clinical experience with EMDR and (4) offer a brief description of the evolved process of EMDR along with a commentary on that process. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Americans Posttraumatic Stress DIsorder PTSD Random Clinical Trial RCT Treatment Effectiveness Veterans

Accuracy Verified: Yes

336. Ali, M. W., & Rana, M. H. (2008, June). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in patients of PTSD following earthquake 2005, Pakistan. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Objective: The purpose of the study is to asses the usefulness of EMDR in patients of PTSD who survived the October 2005 earthquake in Pakistan. Background: On October the 8th an earthquake of 7.6 on rector scale struck Kashmir and Northwest of Pakistan leaving millions injured and more than 80,000 dead. A survey of the affected areas has shown a high prevalence of PTSD amongst the survivors. A selected series of patients with the diagnosis of PTSD from amongst the survivors is enrolled for EMDR at CTRPI. The study is based on their response to this intervention. Design and Settings: The study involves an ongoing compilation of clinical data and the study of therapeutic responses to various interventions including EMDR, at a tertiary mental health facility and Centre for Trauma Research and Psychosocial Interventions (CTRPI), Rawalpindi /Islamabad, Pakistan. This mental health facility is the tertiary care referral point for patients from metal health relief units located allover in earthquake affected areas of Azad Kashmir and Northwest of Pakistan. Method: Earthquake survivors who develop psychosocial sequelae referred to CTRPI from Kashmir, who go on to fulfill the criteria of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder according to ICD-10 are registered for further studies and appropriate interventions. A select group who give informed consent for EMDR are then included for detailed evaluation and follow up. Sessions are conducted in eight phases from manuals by therapists who are trained till level 2 in the method. Pre- treatment assessment is done by an independent assessor for scores on Impact of Event Scale and Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). The post treatment assessment is conducted 1 week after the treatment with the same procedures as at pretreatment. In session Scoring of subjective unit of distress is also recorded serially. According to the degree of improvement and severity of illness, sessions of EMDR are carried out with the duration of about 60 to 90 minutes each session and with a minimum of 6 sessions using the bilateral stimulation. The authors plan to compile their work with ten patients who fulfill the prerequisites of the study in process. Results: The work has been done so far on three clients which suggest that EMDR is effective in reducing the scores of IES back to normal and there is marked difference in the GAF level after the said intervention. It has a dramatic effect on 29 within-session SUD levels .Furthermore, at a qualitative level it is observed that involvement of other family members in the therapeutic process may improve treatment adherence. Conclusions: Ongoing results of this study tend to suggest that the EMDR is an effective intervention for patients of PTSD following a natural disaster like an earth quake. However, the results drawn cannot be generalized on account of their small count.

Keywords: Earthquake Pakistan Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

337. Marich, J. N. (2009, May). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in the addiction continuing care: A phenomenological study of women treated in early recovery. Capella University, Minneapolis, MN. UMI 3355347.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
The purpose of this study is to explore: (a) the lived experiences of clients participating in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) treatment as part of their addiction continuing care, and (b) the impact of the EMDR experience on their lives as individuals recovering from addiction. A review of the critical literature was conducted to reveal a wealth of information concerning EMDR's efficacy with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), suggestions for implementing EMDR into addiction treatment, and various ethical-clinical issues that continue to be addressed within the scope of EMDR treatment. Research on implementing EMDR as part of the overall addiction recovery process is minimal at present. In this study, ten women who received EMDR at a treatment program in the urban Midwest participated in a semi-standardized phenomenological interview to share their experiences with active addiction, treatment, EMDR, and recovery. Using Giorgi's Descriptive Phenomenological Psychological Method to analyze the data, four major thematic areas emerged: safety as an essential crucible of the EMDR experience, accessing the emotional core as vital to the recovery experience, lifestyle change, and using a combination of factors for successful treatment. All ten of the women who came forward through the established recruitment process expressed positive sentiments about their EMDR experiences, and in various degrees, they credited their EMDR treatment with being a crucial competent of their addiction continuing care processes. As a collective sample, the participants shared experiences about how EMDR altered their perspectives of self, others, and situations. These perspective shifts resulted in meaningful lifestyle changes that were critical to developing healthy, enduring recoveries.[Author abstract]

Keywords: Addiction Early Recovery Women

Accuracy Verified: Yes

338. Finley, P. A. (2002, April). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in the treatment of sex offenders. Walden University, Minneapolis, MN. AAT 3068413.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Most sex offenders in treatment in the United States understand and adapt well to the predominantly cognitive/behavioral/relapse prevention (RP) aspects of their treatment. "No more victims" is the fundamental goal of sex offender treatment, and due to this focus on relapse prevention, most sex offenders do not adequately address their own emotional wounding from early trauma and victimization. This author believes these unresolved affective issues lead to the cognitive distortions and justifications that allow sex offenders to give themselves permission to offend in the first place. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a therapeutic intervention that assists in rapidly resolving troubling thoughts, feelings, and physical sensations. Incorporating EMDR into the current cognitive/behavioral/relapse prevention (RP) treatment model for sex offender treatment opens the possibility of reducing the reoffense rate in society. In this study, affective issues of adult male sex offenders (n = 27) were addressed, employing EMDR; this comprised the experimental treatment group. The experimental group received a pretest, three EMDR sessions, and a posttest over an average time of 3.8 months. The Multiphasic Sex Inventory (MSI) was the measure used for this research. The three scales on that test designed to measure for thinking errors were: the Cognitive Distortion and Immaturity (CDI Scale; the Justification (Ju) Scale; and the Treatment Attitudes (TA) Scale. Archived pretest/posttest scores of randomly selected and anonymous adult male sex offenders comprised the control group (n = 27). This group was tested on the MSI and MSI 2 before entering Module 4 and after finishing Module 5, representing 22.5 months of treatment pretest/posttest. All control and experimental group subjects took part in a mandated cognitive/behavioral/relapse prevention (RP) program. The independent two-sample t test was used to compare two means utilizing the rate of change between the experimental and control group. The results of the study indicate a statistically significant reduction in justifications for offender behavior in the experimental group on the Ju scale (p-value = 0.008). On the CDI and TA scale, the null hypotheses were supported. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved) Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 63(10-B), Apr 2003, pp. 4899.

Keywords: Empirical Study Male Sex Offenders Relapse Prevention Sex Offenders Sex Offenses Sex Offender Treatment Therapeutic Intervention

Accuracy Verified: Yes

339. Adler-Tapia, R., Settle, C., & Shapiro, F. (2012). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) psychotherapy with children who have experienced sexual abuse and trauma . In P. Goodyear-Brown, (Ed.), Handbook of child sexual abuse: Identification, assessment, and treatment (pp. 229-250). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. doi:10.1002/9781118094822.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
This book is a comprehensive guide to the identification, assessment, and treatment of child sexual abuse. The field of child sexual abuse has experienced an explosion of research, literature, and enhanced treatment methods over the last thirty years. Representing the latest refinements of thought in this field, this volume combines the most current research with a wealth of clinical experience. The contributing authors, many of whom are pioneers in their respective specialties, include researchers and clinicians, forensic interviewers and law enforcement professionals, caseworkers and victim advocates, all of whom do the work of helping children who have been sexually victimized. Offering a snapshot of the state of the field as it stands today, the authors explore a variety of issues related to child sexual abuse, from identification, assessment, and treatment methods to models for implementation and prevention, including: The impact of sexual abuse on the developing brain; The potential implications of early sexual victimization; Navigating the complexities of multidisciplinary teams; Forensic interviewing and clinical assessment; Treatment options for children who have traumagenic symptoms as a response to their sexual victimization; Treating children with sexual behavior problems and adolescents who engage in illegal sexual behavior; Secondary trauma and vicarious traumatization; and Cultural considerations and prevention efforts. Edited by a leader in the field of child therapy, this important reference equips helping professionals on the front lines in the battle against child sexual abuse- not merely with state-of-the-art knowledge, but also with a renewed vision for the importance of their role in the shaping of our culture and the healing of victimized children.

Keywords: Children Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

340. Vyas, K. J. (2008, April). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) to decrease human immunodefiency virus (HIV) risk behaviors among Latino men who have sex with men (MSM). Presentation at the National Conference on Undergraduate Research, Salisbury University, MD.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Among Latino MSM, those who have reported early childhood sexual abuse continually report high levels of HIV risk behaviors. The objective of this study was to test if EMDR can be more effective as an HIV risk reduction behavioral intervention than a non-trauma based comparison, the Explore Study intervention. At a university-based outpatient clinic, 35 Latino MSM were randomized into Explore (n=13) and EMDR (n=22). The main outcome measure was a self-report questionnaire assessing unprotected anal sex, number of sexual partners, and use of substances before or during sexual activity during the previous month. Sexual risk behaviors were assessed at baseline, before randomization, and at one week post-intervention. Compared to baseline rates, participants who didn’t report unprotected receptive anal intercourse increased by 11% in Explore and decreased by 12% in EMDR. The corresponding comparisons for number of sexual partners were a 4% increase for Explore and a 41% decrease in EMDR. Explore and EMDR participants showed an increment of 25% and 9%, respectively, in those who denied having used alcohol or drugs before or during sexual activity. Follow-up data at 2 and 6 months post-intervention are being collected. This preliminary analysis suggests that certain HIV risk behaviors can be reduced by EMDR, while others can be equally reduced by more conventional interventions.

Keywords: AIDS HIV Latino

Accuracy Verified: No

341. Carlson, J. G., Chemtob, C. M., Rusnak, K., Hedlund, N.L., & Muraoka, M. Y. (1998, January). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) treatment for combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 11(1), 3-24. doi:10.1023/A:1024448814268.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Despite the clinical and social impact of PTSD, there are few controlled studies investigating its treatment. In this investigation, the effectiveness of two psychotherapeutic interventions for PTSD were compared using a randomized controlled outcome group design. 35 combat veterans diagnosed with combat-related PTSD were treated with either (a) 12 sessions of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, EMDR (n = 10), (b) 12 sessions of biofeedback-assisted relaxation (n = 13), or (c) routine clinical care, serving as a control (n = 12). Compared with the other conditions, significant treatment effects in the EMDR condition were obtained at posttreatment on a number of self-report, psychometric, and standardized interview measures. Relative to the other treatment group, these effects were generally maintained at 3-month follow-up. Psychophysiological measures reflected an apparent habituation effect from pretreatment to posttreatment but were not differentially affected by treatment condition. [Author Summary]

Keywords: Adults Americans Arousal Biofeedback Training Males Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Random Clinical Trial RCT Relaxation Therapy Treatment Effectiveness Veterans War

Accuracy Verified: Yes

342. Cohen, S. (2000). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): The making of a psychotherapy. McGill University (Canada). AAT MQ64135.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (ENDR) therapy has burst upon the psychotherapeutic scene as a tirne-limited, cost-contained, and efficacious treatrnent for anxiety, stress, and psychological trauma. Although this therapy has been pronounced as revolutionary by its inventor, Franche Shapiro, it has distinct historicd precedents. The explanatory models of pathogenic memory and dissociation îheory, and the reiiance on mechanical inference for objectivity rnake EMDR therapy famiIiar and salieut. Notions of suggestion and hypnosis, aud the eye-movement component of therapy are presented as discontinuous with clinical and theoreticai practice, in order to fiee them h m the tainting associations of pseudo-science and quackery. By co~ect ingth e curent EMDR movement with the conceptual and practical history of traumatic memory, dissociation, and suggestion, 1 argue that EMDR is not revolutionary. It is a powerful technotogy of the self, nomaking and valourking certain ways of behaving and thinking. Shapiro's implicit assurnptions that psychological suffering is pathological, and that early traumatic events are indelibly encoded, stored and dissociated in the brain are problematized. A briefcornmentary on the mord, politicai, and psychotherapeutic implications of EMDR therapy is provided.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

343. Story, T. (2004). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): Impacting communication apprehension. Washington State University. AAT 3165135.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
This study was designed to test the effectiveness of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) in reducing communication apprehension (CA) specifically public speaking apprehension (PSA). Literature on CA and available interventions is reviewed. An overview of the EMDR process is discussed. The study employs a pre/posttest experimental design. The independent variables involve four treatment conditions--EMDR, Systematic Desensitization (SD), placebo, and control. The dependent variables include the Personal Report of Communication Apprehension-trait public speaking subscale (PRCA-PSS) (McCroskey, 1997) and the State CA scale (STAI) (Spielberger, Gorsuch, and Lushene, 1970). These data indicated significant results in reduction of trait and state communication apprehension for both EMDR and SD interventions. EMDR and SD appear to be equally effective in reducing CA associated with public speaking. The implications of these findings are discussed in the final chapter of this dissertation.

Keywords: Speech Anxiety

Accuracy Verified: Yes

344. Field, A., & Cottrell, D. (2011, November). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing as a therapeutic intervention for traumatized children and adolescents: A systematic review of the evidence for family therapists. Journal of Family Therapy, 33(4), 374-388. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6427.2011.00548.x.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is a relatively new form of psychotherapy for post-traumatic symptoms of relevance to systemic therapists. The literature available on individual EMDR in traumatized children is reviewed in this article. A sample of eight studies was examined, consisting of three controlled trials, two uncontrolled studies and three case reports or series. The controlled trials compared EMDR with waiting list controls or cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). The study samples were small and their methodological quality variable. In all the studies, the results suggested a positive effect for EMDR but did not appear superior to CBT. It is therefore possible that systemic interventions may be improved by the integration of EMDR and family therapy with children and adolescents.

Keywords: Adolescents Children Family and Systemic Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

345. Boudewyns, P. A., Hyer, L. A., Peralme, L., Touze, J., & Kiel, A. (1994, August). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing for combat-related PTSD: An early look. Presentation at the 102nd annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Los Angeles, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Combat Military Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PSTD War

Accuracy Verified: Yes

346. Fernandez, I., & Faretta, E. (2007, February). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in the treatment of panic disorder with agoraphobia. Clinical Case Studies, 6(1), 44-63. doi: 10.1177/1534650105277220.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This article describes a comprehensive treatment of a case of panic disorder with agoraphobia. A thorough history taking revealed that experiential contributors had a pivotal role in the development of the condition. Therefore, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) was used to address early traumatic events as well as the present stimuli that caused disturbance and had maintained symptomatology for the past 12 years. Although the client's symptoms were resolved after 15 sessions, EMDR was also effective in addressing future behaviors and resolving anticipatory anxiety. During EMDR processing, the client demonstrated emotional and cognitive changes consistent with trauma resolution, insight, and personal growth. The client gradually enacted functional new behaviors spontaneously as treatment unfolded. The therapeutic process and the targets are described in detail. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Agoraphobia Case Report Clinical Case StudyFemales Italians Panic Disorder Phobia Psychotherapeutic Processes Stressors Survivors Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

347. Tufnell, G. (2005, October). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in the treatment of pre-adolescent children with post-traumatic symptoms. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 10(4), 587-600. doi:10.1177/1359104505056320.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This article describes the treatment of PTSD using eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) with four pre-adolescent children. EMDR has been shown to bring rapid relief in adults with PTSD. Studies are beginning to show that it can also be useful in work with young children. However, the standard protocol requires some adjustment to make it suitable for use with young children. In addition, in situations where children have complex difficulties in addition to PTSD, EMDR may need to be used alongside other interventions within a complex treatment package. This study describes brief work carried out with four pre-adolescent children with PTSD. Three of these children had received no treatment despite suffering from significant and chronic symptoms for some years. One had suffered a recent traumatic bereavement. All had additional problems that required intervention. EMDR was used as part of a multimodal treatment package. In all cases, the children's PTSD symptoms resolved within 2-4 sessions of EMDR. The maximum total number of sessions was 7. The children's symptomatic improvements were maintained at 6-month follow-up. EMDR can be adapted for use with pre-adolescent children. It can provide rapid and lasting symptomatic relief. EMDR can be a useful part of a multi-modal treatment package for young children with PTSD and additional mental health problems. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Brief Psychotherapy Clinical Case Study Energy Psychotherapy Posttraumatic Stress DIsorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Stressors Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

348. Rafferty, P. (2005). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: An analysis of a controversial evidence based treatment. The New School for Social Research, New York, NY. The New School Psychology Bulletin, 3(2), 83-105.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is an inventive, popular and highly controversial treatment. Within the scientific and professional community, there is divergent support for each side of this debate. The heart of this controversy critically examines the question of whether EMDR is as efficacious as other well-established interventions for the treatment of PTSD. The efficacy of EMDR could be due to its employment of a variety of clinically sound therapeutic procedures, such as those similar or the same as Prolonged Exposure Therapy, and not because of its centerpiece eye-movements. Indeed, some researchers have argued that the eye-movements are completely unnecessary and that EMDR is best understood as an exposure technique (Renfrey & Spates, 1994; Davidson & Parker, 2001; Lohr, Lilienfeld, Tolin & Herbert, 1999). EMDR may be an effective treatment for non-combat related PTSD but is not effective for PTSD etiologically related to combat induced trauma. Thus there are three questions that serve as the focus of this evaluation: is EMDR qualitatively different than Prolonged Exposure Therapy; are the eye-movements necessary for treatment efficacy; and is EMDR effective for combat-related PTSD?

Keywords: Efficacy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

349. Lohr, J. M., Lilienfeld, S. O., Tolin D. F., & Herbert J. D. (1999, January-April). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: An analysis of specific versus nonspecific treatment factors. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 13(1-2), 185-207. doi:10.1016/S0887-6185(98)00047-4.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Incremental validity and incremental efficacy have become important issues in the evaluation of psychological assessment and intervention procedures. Incremental validity in assessment is that shown by novel measures over and above established ones. Incremental efficacy is that shown by novel treatments over and above nonspecific and established treatment effects. In this paper, we critically examine the question of whether Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) possesses efficacy above and beyond nonspecific treatment effects and components that are shared with well-established interventions. A review of recently published efficacy studies reveals that (a) the effects of EMDR are largely limited to verbal report indices, (b) eye movements and other movements appear to be unnecessary, and (c) reported effects are consistent with nonspecific treatment features. Examination of individual studies shows that control procedures for nonspecific features have been minimal. We analyze EMDR for nonspecific treatment features and suggest experimental controls to examine the incremental efficacy of EMDR. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Literature Review Methodology Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

350. Erwin, T. M. (2001). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: A critical analysis. Columbus, OH: Ohio University.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Since Shapiro's introduction of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) in 1989, it has been a highly controversial therapeutic technique. Critical reviews of Shapiro's initial study have highlighted many methodological shortcomings in her work. And early empirical research that followed Shapiro's original study has been criticized for using small samples, using limited or nonrepresentative samples, or issues of treatment integrity. Research on EMDR has dramatically increased in both quantity and methodological rigor since the mid-1990s. Moreover, since its first appearance in the literature, EMDR has undergone a number of modifications. This article reviews key research conducted on EMDR since 1995 (using university students and war veterans), highlights issues of concern raised by researchers, and discusses the implications of these findings for the clinical counselor.

Keywords: Counseling Techniques Counseling Theories Criticism Evaluation Methods Eye Movements Research Problems Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

351. Wilson, D. L., Silver, S. M., Covi, W. G., & Foster, S. (1996, September). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Effectiveness and autonomic correlates. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 27(3), 219-229. doi:10.1016/S0005-7916(96)00026-2.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
18 subjects distressed by memories of a specific traumatic event were randomly assigned to a single session of 1 of 3 conditions: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), a Time Interval Condition (TIC), or Tapping Alternate Phalanges (TAP). All subjects treated in the EMDR group showed desensitization as monitored by SUDs, which correlated with the physiological data and cessation of pronounced symptomatology. Only 1 subject in a control group showed desensitization. Compared to TIC and TAP, autonomic measures showed distinct changes during EMDR: (1) respiration synchronized with the rhythm of the eye movements in a shallow, regular pattern; (2) heart rate slowed significantly overall; (3) systolic blood pressure increased during early sets, invariable declined during abreactions, and decreased overall; (4) finger tip skin temperature consistently increased; and (5) the galvanic skin response consistently decreased in a clear "relaxation response." This relaxing effect of the eye movements suggests that at least one of the mechanisms operating during EMDR is desensitization by reciprocal inhibition, by pairing emotional distress with an unlearned or "compelled" relaxation response. [Author Summary]

Keywords: Adults Arousal Empirical Study European Americans Longitudinal Study Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Random Clinical Trial RCT Stressors Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

352. Rose, B. K. (2004). Eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR): A treatment protocol for addicted inmates with traumatic histories. Carlos Albizu University, Miami, FL. AAT 3102092.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract: S
ubstance Abuse is the use and abuse of mood and mind altering substances often having undesired effects on the lives of those addicted, and having a negative impact on the lives of others. Those addicted may expose themselves and others to physical and psychological harm; may create forensic problems; cause disintegration of the family, and problematic interpersonal relationships. Underlying reasons for addictive behavior include but are not limited to: genetic predisposition, psychosocial involvement, psychobiological complications, developmental conditions, and pre-existing psychological and environmental events. Some deficits found in those addicted include: poor coping skills, inability to problem solve, inability to function in difficult situations, and may use cognitive avoidance as a means of coping with life. The idea that children might be negatively impacted by exposure to substance abuse using parents is not a new revelation. However, the degree of damage done to these children is severe, and more is being learned about the severity of that damage. Children often are enmeshed with their dysfunctional families, and many problems arise involving their inability to maintain intimate relationships with others. Attachment issues may develop in infancy and early stages of maturation, and adversely affect children's ability to function as adults. Abusive pasts and traumatic incidents often may hinder the psychological growth and maturity of those who have experienced trauma and abuse.Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) is a fairly new concept of treatment. It was first designed to address therapy with those who had been exposed to trauma. However, over the past 22 years since its inception, it has been adapted to treat many other types of Axis I disorders. It has been determined that EMDR is useful in addressing substance abuse and other Axis I diagnoses, especially PTSD. Hiller, Knight, and Simpson completed a study with 161 persons who resided at a residential halfway house for newly released inmates. Their results found: 80% of the sample of had psychological problems; 72% had significant drug abuse problems; 58% had concurrent psychopathology and drug abuse problems. Research indicates prison confinement is increasing, and the idea of therapy in the forensic setting is gaining in popularity. Thus, the purpose of this dissertation is to design a substance abuse program to address the difficulties of substance abuse treatment for the dual diagnosed clients. The data collected from this program will help provide much needed information in order to further research and increase our understanding of the needs of this underserved population. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Comorbidity Drug Abuse Prison Inmates Psychiatric Disorders Stressors Survivors Therapeutic Community

Accuracy Verified: Yes

353. Greyber, L. R., Dulmus, C. N., & Cristalli, M. E. (2012, January). Eye movement desensitization reprocessing, posttraumatic stress disorder, and trauma: A review of randomized controlled trials with children and adolescents. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 1-17. doi:10.1007/s10560-012-0266-0.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This article examines the methodological rigor of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR) conducted specifically with children and adolescents who had a diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder and history of trauma. A thorough search for RCTs of EMDR with children and adolescents that were published between 1998 and 2010 was conducted utilizing several databases. A total of five studies were identified. Following an extensive review of the literature, it became apparent that the number of RCTs conducted with EMDR with children and adolescents was negligible, though initial results suggest that it is a promising practice. Although current EMDR studies have been conducted with children and adolescents, and have indicated that EMDR is a promising practice, the state of knowledge at this point is insufficient. EMDR tends to produce less positive results when compared to other trauma-focused interventions, although some research indicates the opposite.

Keywords: Children Adolescents Randomized Control Trials RCT Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Review

Accuracy Verified: Yes

354. Renfrey, G., & Spates, C. R. (1994, September). Eye movement desensitization: A partial dismantling study. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 25(3), 231-239. doi:10.1016/0005-7916(94)90023-X.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
23 PTSD subjects were exposed to either: (1) standard eye movement desensitization (EMD), (2) a variant of EMD in which eye movements were engendered through a light tracking task, or (3) a variant of EMD in which fixed visual attention replaced eye movements. All three interventions produced significant positive changes in all dependent measures and these changes were maintained at follow-up. No significant differences between groups were observed. It was concluded that the eye movements peculiar to EMD are not essential to treatment outcome. The implications of the present findings and previous reports are discussed and recommendations for future research provided. [Author Summary]

Keywords: Adults Americans Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Stressors Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

355. Pinker, S. (2002, June 25). The eyes may have it. Toronto, Ontario: The Globe and Mail, Health, R7.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
When Sophie read about EMDR in the newspaper, she immediately felt the psychotherapy approach might help her. It was worth a try. She'd been in what she calls regular therapy for several years to resolve divorce issues and had already tried hypnosis and massage therapy, even training as a massage therapist in the process. Despite all this time, effort and money, the 39-year-old communications executive - who chose a pseudonym to protect her privacy - felt little relief from early traumatic memories that were not only distorting her present experiences, but were likely at the root of her failed marriage as well, she said.

Keywords: General Ontario Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

356. Wesselman, D. (2010, September/October). Facilitating the journey from fear to love: Using EMDR to treat insecure and disordered attachments in children and adults. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR International Association, Minneapolis, MN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will learn to identify the anxious core beliefs of adults and children and the unspoken bonding contract developed in early childhood. Participants will discover new tools for creating more secure attachments, including resource development exercises to strengthen adults’ capacity to nurture self and others, resource development for strengthening attachments between children and parents, and parenting techniques to help facilitate attachment in children. Participants will learn to adapt EMDR to help children with Reactive Attachment Disorder effectively resolve attachment traumas and remove obstacles to love. The presenter will share research data illustrating the impact of EMDR on attachment issues.

Keywords: Adults Attachment Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

357. Shusta-Hochberg, S. (2011, November). Fairy tales and singing bowls: Creatively augmenting adult trauma treatment. Presentation at the 28th annual meeting of the International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation, Montreal, Quebec .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Trauma work requires intense and often protracted effort for therapists and patients alike. While talk therapy to address trauma, empower patients and reduce maladaptive behaviors is a cornerstone of trauma therapy, sometimes it is insufficient. If a patient becomes destabilized during a session, we will need to employ containment or grounding techniques. When the work hits an impasse, we may spark new energy and momentum by introducing an adjunctive technique. Hypnosis and EMDR can be used in various effective ways, and there are many other interventions worth considering. Some adult trauma survivors find that symbolic play with toys or games enables them to work better in session. Several of my patients have found comfort from interventions such as sharing and discussing classic fairy tales and other readings or ringing a Tibetan singing bowl in session. While some interventions are stabilizing, others are perturbing or instigating, bringing up new material to explore. This paper will discuss varying interventions the therapist can utilize that can calm, energize, contain or provoke insights, or provide access to deeper material needed for therapeutic healing. Judicious use of adjunctive alternative referrals such as craniosacral or chiropractic treatment, music and art therapy will be discussed as well. Learning Objectives: 1) Participants will be able to assess skills and/or materials they have now that could be utilized in this supplemental way: art skills, musical skills or aids such as Tibetan singing bowls, aromatherapy aids such as candles, essential oils or incense; or consider techniques they might like to employ in therapy. 2)Participants will be able to determine which of their current trauma patients might benefit from the addition of supplemental techniques in treatment or from referrals to outside professionals for adjunctive treatment such as art or music therapy, or for bodywork such as craniosacral treatment. 3) Participants will be able to identify opportunities to utilize new interventions in a treatment such as impasses, stalemates, prolonged repeat of narratives without progress, and helping an unstable patient contain affect, achieve relief from agitation or move from a highly dysphoric state.

Accuracy Verified: Yes

358. Greenwald, R. (1994). Family interventions to enhance child EMDR treatment. EMDR Network Newsletter, 4(2), 7-8.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Extensive clinical data suggest that EMDR can be quite rapid and effective with children under certain conditions (Greenwald, in press-a, in press-b). Desirable therapist qualities include familiarity with an adequate repertoire of child-oriented EMDR techniques, as well as the ability to develop rapport and enlist the child's coop eration and perseverance. Child qualities conducive to successful, brief treatment include a relatively limited trauma history, as well as parental support for healing. This paper will describe two simple family interventions which can help to mobilize parental support for the child's healing.

Keywords: Children Family Interventions

Accuracy Verified: Yes

359. Brown, L. S. (2002). Feminist therapy and EMDR: theory meets practice. In F. Shapiro (Ed.), EMDR as an integrative psychotherapy approach: Experts of diverse orientations explore the paradigm prism (1st ed.) (pp. 263-287). Washington: American Psychological Association.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
This chapter includes a review of certain core concepts of feminist therapy theory and an exploration of how EMDR can be integrated into feminist practice as a means of operationalizing that theory. Because feminist therapy is inherently technically eclectic, embracing interventions ranging from the psychodynamic to the most radically behavioral, the question to be addressed regarding EMDR as a feminist practice is whether its use in therapy supports feminist models of change. In feminist practice, that question is the boundary condition for inclusion of a strategy: Can its use promote feminist models and outcomes? Not every way of practicing therapy does this, and some strategies, particularly those that emphasize strategic approaches in which therapists intentionally use their power over the client, are per se problematic. However, EMDR seems to fall easily within the parameters of feminist practice and even in the hands of nonfeminist therapists advances the goals of feminist social and personal change that are at the core of feminist therapy models. In arguing that EMDR does support feminist strategies, this chapter explores the way feminist practice conceptualizes the notions of change and goodness of outcome. To some degree, these notions are very similar to those of nonfeminist therapies, and in other respects they are radically different. [Text, p. 266]

Keywords: Adults Feminist Psychotherapeutic Processes Stressors Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

360. de Jongh, A. (2010, April). Fijne kneepjes bij angsten en fobieën [Intricacies of fears and phobias]. Workshop gepresenteerd aan de vierde congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Nijmegen, The Nederlands.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
De fijne kneepjes van het behandelen van angsten- en fobieën Een fobie is de meest voorkomende psychische aandoening. Het hebben van een dergelijke angst is vervelend en degene die er last van heeft wordt vaak behoorlijk beperkt in het dagelijks functioneren. Omdat angsten meestal ontstaan als gevolg van gebeurtenissen blijkt EMDR – middels het op therapeutische wijze beïnvloeden van de kennisbestanden die daaraan ten grondslag liggen - een bijzonder geschikte behandelaanpak. Deze workshop is bedoeld voor ervaren therapeuten die hun reikwijdte ten aanzien van behandeling van patiënten met een angst of fobie - al dan niet met behulp van EMDR - verder wil vergroten. De deelnemers krijgen naast tips en ideeën, een nieuwe vorm van casusconceptualisatie en targetselectie aangereikt die vooral bij patiënten met veel vermijdingstendenties effectief is. Daarnaast wordt uitgelegd hoe cognitieve gedragstherapeutische interventies behulpzaam kunnen zijn om de patiënt voor te bereiden op - of te laten wennen aan – toekomstige, potentieel moeilijke confrontaties met de fobische stimulussituatie. Het aangeleerde materiaal - dat wordt ondersteund door videobeelden uit de praktijk - kan direct in de praktijk worden toegepast. Aan de orde komen een grote variëteit aan voorbeelden van behandelingen van patiënten met fobische problematiek: braakfobie, tandartsfobie, stikfobie, kattenfobie en bloed-letsel-injectiefobie. De workshop is geschikt voor behandelaars, zowel op het terrein van volwassenen als kinderen en jeugd. Het doel van de workshop is deelnemers na de workshop in staat te stellen om: ● fobische problematiek te conceptualiseren in termen van EMDR ● gebruik te maken van een nieuwe methode van casusconceptualisatie en targetselectie voor het behandelen van angsten en fobieën ● de verschillende effectieve componenten van een EMDR behandeling aan te wenden en te integreren (cognitive interweaves, future template, mental video etc.) ten behoeve van de behandeling van angsten en fobieën ● EMDR te combineren met diverse evidence based interventies zoals, copingstrategieën (bijvoorbeeld bij injectiefobie) gedragsexperimenten (bijvoorbeeld bij stikfobie) en applied tension (bij bloed-letsel-injectiefobie)

This workshop is designed for experienced therapists who range in relation to treatment of patients with a fear or phobia - or not using EMDR - continue to increase. Participants receive tips and ideas in addition, a new form of target selection and casusconceptualisatie handed mainly in patients with many avoiding tendencies effective. Besides explaining how cognitive behavioral interventions may be helpful to the patient to prepare for - or get used to - future, potentially difficult confrontation with the phobic stimulussituatie. The learned material - supported by video footage from the ground - straight into practice. It discusses a variety of examples of treatments of patients with phobic problem: empty phobia, dentist phobia, phobia sewing, cats phobia and blood-injection-injury phobia. The workshop is suitable for therapists, both in the field of adults and children and youth. The aim of the workshop participants after the workshop to allow for: ● phobic to conceptualize problems in terms of EMDR ● Using a new method of target selection and casusconceptualisatie to treat fears and phobias ● the various components of an effective EMDR treatment to use and integrate (cognitive interweaves futures template, mental video etc.) for the treatment of fears and phobias ● EMDR combined with various evidence based interventions such as coping strategies (eg injection phobia) behavioral experiments (eg nitrogen phobia) and Applied tension (In blood-injection-injury phobia)

Keywords: Fears Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

361. Browning, C. (1999). Flotar hacia atrás y flotar hacia delante: Técnicas para ligar el pasado, Presente y futuro [Floatback and Float Forward: Techniques for the Tie Past, Present and Future]. Presentation at EMDRIA Latinoamericana.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
El protocolo estándar de EMDR requiere enfocar los orígenes de la perturbación, los gatillos del presente y crear un patrón de conductas adecuadas para el futuro (Shapiro). Algunos pacientes, sin embargo pueden tener dificultades para conectar su problema actual con acontecimientos del pasado. Así también, otros pacientes pueden tener dificultades para crear patrones positivos para el futuro, especialmente si ensayar conductas nuevas los pone ansiosos. Para estos problemas las técnicas de "Flotar hacia atrás" y "Flotar hacia delante" desarrolladas por William Zangwill Ph. D., entrenador del Instituto EMDR, son métodos efectivos para ligar el pasado, presente y futuro en un ámbito terapéutico y proveen al terapeuta de instrumentos para abordar eficientemente ambos temas. LA TÉCNICA DE FLOTAR HACIA ATRÁS Abordar recuerdos tempranos asociados con el material perturbador es fundamental para EMDR. Shapiro dice que ayudar al paciente a encontrar un recuerdo temprano "debe ser una de las primeras opciones que debe considerar al terapeuta..." (Shapiro, 1995). La Técnica de Flotar hacia atrás es un camino eficiente y poderoso para llegar a esta meta, permitiendo al terapeuta asistir al paciente a llevar a cabo sus propias asociaciones con acontecimientos del pasado. Su uso es muy apropiado cuando el terapeuta sospecha que una perturbación que el paciente experimenta en el presente, tiene sus raíces en experiencias del pasado; especialmente cuando preguntas como "Cuál es su recuerdo más temprano en relación a lo que se siente ahora? no ha tenido éxito en ayudar al paciente a conectar con eventos del pasado. También cuando un paciente presenta un tema o experiencia recurrente, la Técnica de Flotar hacia Atrás es ideal para ayudar al paciente a identificar un target para el reprocesamiento. Muchos pacientes se ponen en contacto con los problemas actuales con relativa facilidad. Por ejemplo, una paciente que se queja que se siente abandonada cuando su marido se va de viaje de negocios, probablemente pueda recordar sus problemas actuales con facilidad. Entonces el terapeuta puede aplicar la Técnica de Flotar hacia Atrás para ayudarle a la paciente a recordar un acontecimiento del pasado con rapidez y eficiencia. Para usar la Técnica de Flotar hacia Atrás, arme el protocolo con el problema actual, utilizando los pasos que figuran en el Manual de Entrenamiento del Nivel I y del Nivel II (Shapiro, 1994) incluyendo la imagen, la cognición negativa (CN), la cognición positiva (CP), la validación de la cognición (VoC), emociones, Unidad Subjetiva de Perturbación (SUD) y sensación corporal. Sin embargo, no incide todavía el procesamiento (es decir, movimientos oculares u otra estimulación). En vez de eso, diga a su paciente: "Fíjese en la imagen de... y esas palabras (repita la imagen perturbadora del paciente y su cognición negativa), fíjese que emociones le vienen y donde las siente en el cuerpo. Ahora cierre los ojos y deje que su mente flote hacia atrás a un período anterior en su vida, no busque, simplemente deje que su mente flote a una época donde usted pensaba cosas similares... (repita las emociones que dijo el paciente) en ...(repita los lugares del cuerpo donde el paciente sintió las sensaciones). Cuando esté listo abra los ojos y dígame lo primero que le viene a la mente". Utilice esta experiencia más temprana como target, completando todos los items del protocolo: imagen, CN, CP, VoC, emociones, SUD y ubicación de las sensaciones corporales y comience a procesar con movimientos oculares u otro estímulo bilateral. Una vez que se ha procesado este material, vuelva al target original del material actual. Muy a menudo se generaliza el trabajo realizado sobre el material más temprano y ya no hace falta procesar el material actual. Es importante usar términos generales cuando se le dan al paciente las instrucciones de la Técnica de Flotar hacia Atrás, es decir, pedir un recuerdo temprano y no el más temprano. Hay varias razones que avalan esto. Primero, muchas veces es el peor recuerdo y no el primero que funciona como el mejor target para el reprocesamiento,. Además, usar términos generales es una ayuda para los pacientes más compulsivos y perfeccionistas que de otra manera estarían demasiado preocupados en no equivocarse y encontrar exactamente la primera asociación. Finalmente, la flexibilidad que permite la utilización de términos generales más que términos específicos aumenta la posibilidad de éxito del paciente de conectarse con el pasado que es la meta de esta técnica. El rasgo esencial de la Técnica de Flotar hacia Atrás es usar las preguntas del protocolo para conectar los problemas del presente con eventos del pasado. Pasar las preguntas como fueron desarrolladas por Shapiro es un potente método para ayudar a los pacientes a sintonizar con todos los aspectos de su experiencia del problema. El material perturbador se vuelve más vívido y actual para el paciente y posibilita recordar experiencias similares. Se supone, como hipótesis, que al haber desarrollado el protocolo con todas las preguntas sobre el problema actual, estimula la red neuronal de asociaciones y posibilita casi sin esfuerzo el "flotar hacia atrás" a asociaciones tempranas. Además, el vínculo paciente-terapeuta es realzado porque el terapeuta valida la experiencia del paciente (la perturbación actual) al empezar el trabajo desde el punto en el que se encuentra el paciente. Las asociaciones son del paciente, eliminando el tema de la resistencia a cualquier idea o interpretación introducida por el terapeuta. El paciente se da cuenta vivencialmente de la conexión del presente con el pasado usando la Técnica de Flotar hacia Atrás, pudiendo esquivar la evitación y otras defensas. LA TÉCNICA DE FLOTAR HACIA DELANTE Mientras que la Técnica de Flotar hacia Atrás posibilita muy a menudo que los pacientes vean y sientan la conexión entre el problema actual y los eventos pasados, la Técnica de Flotar hacia delante permite que el paciente identifique y reprocese la ansiedad anticipatoria y desarrolle patrones positivos para el futuro. Es un método que puede ser utilizado en cualquier momento del proceso terapéutico para solucionar bloqueos, renuencias y en algunos casos, resistencias o temas de beneficios secundarios o pérdidas. Es especialmente útil para trabajar con el miedo del paciente a hacer EMDR. Para ponerlo en práctica, primero pida al paciente que imagine lo peor que le puede pasar si hace "X" (por ej. probar una nueva conducta, testear una nueva habilidad, empezar una experiencia nueva). ¿Qué es lo peor que le puede pasar si hace EMDR? Que es lo peor que le puede pasar si soluciona este problema? ¿Qué es lo peor que le puede pasar si le pone límites a su jefe respecto a la cantidad de trabajo que espera que usted haga? El paciente puede necesitar ayuda para identificar la peor escena. Algunas sugerencias incluyen el miedo a perder el control de sus emociones, el miedo a perder el control de sus funciones corporales como el control de esfínteres, miedo a tener un ataque de pánico, y no poder manejar su vida emocional entre las sesiones. Una vez que el paciente ha identificado el incidente, pregunte por la peor parte de esa escena y utilícelo como el target de EMDR, armando el protocolo con las preguntas estándar, pero con una leve modificación: pregunte por la imagen que representa la peor parte del peor incidente, por ej. "Cuando usted ve una imagen de si mismo/a haciendo......, que es lo peor que puede pasar?" Después siga con el resto de las preguntas estándar, es decir, CN, CP, VoC, emociones, SUD, y ubicación de la sensación corporal. Estimule el procesamiento del paciente con movimientos oculares u otro estímulo bilateral. Si el desarrollo de la peor escena del paciente le provoca un miedo racional, puede que se tengan que tomar medidas prácticas para solucionar estas preocupaciones. Por ejemplo, usando la técnica de flotar hacia delante con un chico de 13 años que estaba en un hogar adoptivo transitorio, la peor escena evocada por él fue: "Me van a devolver al Hogar si esta adopción no resulta". Durante el procesamiento, el SUD se redujo de 8 a 3 con bastante rapidez pero de ahí no bajaba. El paciente comentó que no bajaba porque esta "peor escena" podría sucederle realmente y le había sucedido en el pasado. Paramos los movimientos oculares, charlamos un rato y elaboramos un plan para: a) una sesión con sus padres adoptivos para hablar sobre la permanencia de la adopción y b) una llamada en conferencia a su asesor legal para clarificar sus derechos y opciones. Volviendo al target después de esto, le fue posible reducir el SUD a 1 con unos pocos sets de movimientos oculares. Al utilizar la Técnica de Flotar hacia delante para reprocesar la peor escena, el paciente tiene una oportunidad para resolver la ansiedad anticipatoria. Durante la instalación de la cognición positiva, el paciente está creando patrones positivos para acciones en el futuro. Una mujer cuyo hermano fue verbalmente abusivo con ella en la infancia y en la actualidad la intimidaba, armó una "peor escena" con: "Va a ser igualmente abusivo cuando lo vea la próxima vez". La paciente había hecho mucho EMDR, reprocesando incidentes de la infancia relacionados con el abuso verbal del hermano. Sin embargo, sin un referente positivo vivencial, seguía ansiosa cada vez que interactuaba con él. Pidiéndole que "flote hacia delante" y usando EMDR sobre una de las peores escenas, alivió su ansiedad respecto a una fiesta familiar que tenía pendiente. Instalando una CP de "Ahora estoy más fuerte" le permitió crear una imagen de si misma manejando a su hermano con humor y sintiéndose segura. A aplicar las Técnicas de Flotar hacia Atrás y hacia Delante y ocuparse así del pasado, presente y futuro, el terapeuta de EMDR puede sanar mejor a su paciente. Es más, las Técnicas de Flotar hacia Atrás y hacia Delante están basadas en EMDR. Las dos incorporan las preguntas del protocolo standard y le dan al terapeuta y al paciente la oportunidad de manejarse más fluidamente con dicho protocolo.

EMDR standard protocol requires a focus of the origins of the disturbance, the triggers of this and create a pattern of behaviors appropriate to the future (Shapiro). Some patients, however, may have difficulty connecting the current problem with past events. Also, other patients may have difficulty creating positive patterns for the future, especially if you try new behaviors makes them anxious. For these problems the techniques of "float back" and "Float forward" developed by William Zangwill Ph.D., EMDR Institute trainer, are effective methods to link the past, present and future in a therapeutic area and provide the therapist tools to effectively address both issues. THE ART OF FLOATING BACK Addressing early memories associated with foreign material is essential to EMDR. Shapiro said that helping the patient to find early memory "must be one of the first options to consider when therapist ..." (Shapiro, 1995). Floating Technique back is a powerful and efficient way to reach this goal, allowing the therapist to assist the patient to carry out their own associations with past events. Its use is most appropriate when the clinician suspects that a disturbance that the patient is experiencing at present, is rooted in past experiences, especially when questions like "What is your earliest memory in relation to what you feel now? Not been successful in helping patients to connect with past events. Also when a patient has a recurrent theme or experience, the Backward Floating Technique is ideal for helping the patient to identify a target for reprocessing. Many patients come into contact with the current problems with relative ease. For example, a patient who complains that she feels abandoned when her husband goes on a business trip, you can probably recall their current problems with ease. Then the therapist can apply the technique Float Backwards to help the patient to remember a past event quickly and efficiently. To use the technique to back float, arm the protocol to the current problem, using the steps listed in the Training Manual Level I and Level II (Shapiro, 1994) including the image, negative cognition (NC) positive cognition (PC), validation of cognition (VoC), emotions, Subjective Unit of Disturbance (SUD) and bodily sensation. However, it still affects the processing (ie, eye movements or other stimulation). Instead, tell your patient: "Look at the picture ... and those words (repetition of the disturbing image of the patient and negative cognition), note that emotions come from and where you sit on the body. Now close eyes and let your mind float back to an earlier period in your life, look no further, just let your mind float to a time when you thought things like ... (repeat the emotions that said the patient) .. . (repeat parts of the body where the patient felt the sensation). When you are ready open your eyes and tell me the first thing that comes to mind. " Use this early experience as a target, completing all protocol items: image, CN, CP, VoC, emotions, SUD and location of bodily sensations and begin processing with eye movements or other bilateral stimulation. Once this material has been processed, return to the original target of the current material. Very often we generalize the work done on the earlier material and no longer have to render the current material. It is important to use general terms when the patient is given instructions Technique Float Backwards, ie a memory request early and not earlier. There are several reasons that support this. First, it is often the worst memory and not the first that works as the best target for reprocessing. In addition, using general terms is an aid for compulsive and perfectionistic patients who otherwise would be too concerned with avoiding failure and find exactly the first association. Finally, the flexibility that allows the use of general rather than specific terms increases the likelihood of success of the patient to connect with the past that is the goal of this technique. The essential feature of the technique is to use Float Backwards questions of protocol to connect the problems of the present with past events. Skip the questions and were developed by Shapiro is a powerful method to help patients to tune into all aspects of their experience of the problem. The foreign material becomes more vivid and present to the patient and possible recall similar experiences. It is assumed, arguendo, that having developed the protocol with all the questions about the current problem, the neural network encourages and facilitates partnerships almost effortlessly "float back" early associations. In addition, the patient-therapist relationship is enhanced because the therapist validates the patient's experience (current disruption) to start work from the point where the patient is. Partnerships are the patient, eliminating the issue of resistance to any idea or interpretation introduced by the therapist. The patient realizes experientially connecting the present with the past by using the technique Float Backwards, can avoid the avoidance and other defenses. THE ART OF FLOATING FORWARD While technology enables Float Backwards often patients to see and feel the connection between the current problem and past events, the forward float technique allows the patient to identify and reprocess anticipatory anxiety and develop positive patterns the future. It is a method that can be used at any time of the therapeutic process to troubleshoot crashes, reluctance and in some cases, resistance or topics of ancillary benefits or losses. It is especially useful for working with the patient's fear to do EMDR. To put this into practice, first ask the patient to imagine the worst that can happen if you "X" (eg. Try a new behavior, test a new skill, start a new experience.) What's the worst that can happen if you EMDR? That's the worst that can happen if you solve this problem? What's the worst that can happen if you put your head limits on the amount of work expected to do? The patient may need help to identify the worst scene. Some suggestions include fear of losing control of his emotions, fear of losing control of their bodily functions such as bowel and bladder control, fear of having a panic attack and can not manage their emotional life between sessions. Once the patient has identified the incident, ask for the worst part of that scene and use it as the target of EMDR, setting up the protocol with the standard questions, but with a slight modification: ask for the image that represents the worst of worst incident, eg. "When you see a picture of him / herself by ......, it's the worst that can happen?" Then follow with the rest of the standard questions, ie, CN, CP, VoC, emotions, SUD, and location of bodily sensation. Stimulate the processing of patients with eye movements or other bilateral stimulation. If the development of the patient's worst scene provokes a rational fear, you may have to take practical steps to address these concerns. For example, using the technique of floating forward with a boy of 13 who was in a temporary foster home, the worst scene evoked for him was: "I will return home if this adoption is not." During processing, the LDS was reduced from 8 to 3 fairly quickly but it does not down. The patient said he did not go down because the "worst scene" could really happen and had happened in the past. Eye movements stopped, we chatted a while and developed a plan for: a) a meeting with her adoptive parents to discuss the permanence of the adoption and b) a conference call to his legal adviser to clarify your rights and options. Returning to the target after that, it was possible to reduce the LDS-1 with a few sets of eye movements. Using Floating Technique forward to reprocess the worst scenario, the patient has an opportunity to resolve the anticipatory anxiety. During the installation of the positive cognition, the patient is creating positive patterns for future action. A woman whose brother was verbally abusive to her children and now intimidated, put together a "worst stage" with: "It will be equally unfair when I see him next time." The patient had done much EMDR reprocessing childhood incidents related to verbal abuse of his brother. However, without a positive reference experiential, still anxious every time I interacted with him. Asking him to "float forward" and using EMDR on one of the worst scenes, relieved her anxiety about a family party that was pending. Installing a CP of "I'm stronger now allowed him to create an image of herself driving her brother with humor and feeling safe. To apply the techniques to float back and forth and deal well past, present and future, the EMDR therapist can heal your patient better. Moreover, techniques to float back and forth are based on EMDR. Both incorporate the standard protocol questions and give the therapist and the patient the opportunity to be managed more smoothly with this protocol.

Keywords: Floatback Technique Float Foward Technique

Accuracy Verified: Yes

362. Morris-Smith, J. (2012, June). Footsteps into the future: EMDR for children and families using a neurodevelopmental perspective [Pasos hacia el futuro: EMDR para niños y familias desde una perspectiva del neurodesarrollo]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The acquisition of clinical skills in developing successful EMDR therapeutic practices is in itself a journey of discovery. Each step forward brings new clinical puzzles, challenges and insights: why are some individuals able to use the EMDR therapy more smoothly that others; what is the role of attachment; how are preverbal memories made and how do they become accessible to verbal recall with EMDR therapy; what is the developmental role of dissociation and why do some evolve into coherent, integrated individuals whilst others develop pathological dissociation? This paper presents a neurodevelopmental approach to inform our clinical practice of EMDR therapy with children, adolescents and adults. Brain development is affected by both genetic and environmental factors and included in the latter are: the family milieu, physical illness, toxins and developmental opportunities. During development the brain organizes from the bottom to the top with the lower parts of the brain developing earliest. The majority of the brain organization takes place during the first 4 years of life. Development of the brain in childhood unfolds in a series of stages with higher cortical areas entering final developmental processes much later in childhood and into early adulthood. How to integrate neurodevelopmental aspects with our EMDR clinical practice to develop healthier positive future trajectories for children, adolescents and their families is discussed. This paper will be illustrated by the use of video clips and case material.

La propia adquisición de las habilidades clínicas para desarrollar prácticas terapéuticas de EMDR de éxito es de por sí, un viaje de descubrimiento. Cada paso hacia delante nos plantea nuevos rompecabezas, retos, y conocimientos clínicos: ¿Por qué algunos individuos encuentran menos obstáculos en la aplicación de terapia con EMDR que otros?; ¿Cuál es la función del apego?; ¿Cómo se forman los recuerdos preverbales y cómo se accede a ellos mediante el recuerdo verbal con la terapia con EMDR?; ¿Qué papel desempeña la disociación en el desarrollo y por qué algunas personas se convierten en individuos coherentes e integrados mientras que otros desarrollan una disociación patológica? Esta ponencia pretende presentar un planteamiento desde el neurodesarrollo para instruir nuestra práctica clínica de terapia con EMDR con niños, adolescentes y adultos. El desarrollo cerebral se ve afectado por factores tanto genéticos como ambientales; entre éstos últimos se incluyen: el entorno familiar, las enfermedades físicas, las toxinas y las oportunidades de desarrollo. Durante el período de desarrollo, el cerebro organiza desde abajo hacia arriba, siendo las áreas inferiores del cerebros las que primero se desarrollan. La mayor parte del desarrollo cerebral ocurre durante los cuatro primeros años de vida. El desarrollo del cerebro durante la infancia sucede en una serie de etapas, entrando las áreas corticales superiores en los últimos procesos de desarrollo, mucho más tarde en la infancia y al principio de la vida adulta. Se abordan las cuestiones de cómo integrar aspectos de neurodesarrollo en nuestro trabajo clínico con EMDR para poder desarrollar trayectorias más sanas y positivas para el futuro para los niños, adolescentes y sus familias. Se emplearán grabaciones en vídeo y notas clínicas para ilustrar esta ponencia.

Keywords: Children Families Neurodevelopment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

363. Russell, M. C., & Friedberg, F. (2010). Formation, accès au traitement et recherche sur les interventions dans les cas de trauma dans les forces armées [Training, access to treatment and intervention research in cases of trauma in the military]. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 4(2), 18E-26E. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.4.2.E18.

Language: French

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Depuis 2001, les guerres en Irak et en Afghanistan exercent une pression considérable sur la médecine militaire pour gérer efficacement la demande croissante de soins en santé mentale du personnel déployé. Cet article examine la capacité du Ministère de la défense des Etats-Unis à fournir des services de santé mentale de qualité en fonction de la disponibilité (a) de la formation clinique, (b) des interventions en santé mentale et (c) de la recherche subventionnée portant sur les traitements de l'état de stress post-traumatique. Alors que des progrès notables ont été réalisés au niveau de l'accès au traitement cognitivo-comportemental et des études dans ce domaine, l'Intégration neuro-émotionnelle par les stimulations bilatérales alternées ou EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing) est beaucoup moins disponible - peut-être à cause de la controverse actuelle qui entoure la technique. Nous suggérons qu'une meilleure disponibilité des traitements comportementaux basés sur les données probantes, peut-être par le biais de la poursuite d'un récent programme régional de formation, serait bénéfique pour les vétérans qui y ont aujourd'hui peu accès.

Since 2001, wars in Iraq and Afghanistan is considerable pressure on military medicine to effectively manage the growing demand for mental health of deployed personnel. This article examines the capacity of the Ministry of Defence of the United States to provide mental health services quality depending on availability (a) of clinical training, (b) mental health interventions and (c) sponsored research into the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder. While significant progress has been achieved in access to cognitive behavioral treatment and studies in this field, neuro-emotional integration by alternating bilateral stimulation or EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing &) is much less available - perhaps because of the current controversy surrounding the art. We suggest that greater availability of behavioral treatments based on evidence, perhaps through the continuation of a recent regional training program would be beneficial for veterans who now have little access.

Keywords: Military Training Trauma Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

364. Kiessling, R. (2006, September). From BLS to EMDR: Treating survivors of trauma, natural disaster, and combat along a time and stability continuum. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Philadelphia, PA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract: T
he Comprehensive treatment protocols and treatment outcomes of EMDR have been well researched and documented. The calming effects of bilateral stimulation (BLS) and its impact on having images fade have also been documented. Consequently, there are many situations where stabilization and symptom reduction may be appropriate and/or necessary, such as trauma from terrorism, natural disasters and combat. This workshop will discuss a number of Bilateral Stimulation (BLS) interventions along a time and client stability continuum. Participants will learn and hone their skills using a number of stabilization and symptom reduction interventions through lecture, video and live demonstration, as well as small group practice of these more truncated, target specific, symptom desensitization protocols. Additionally, participants will understand when to select these interventions in preparing the client for the comprehensive EMDR treatment protocols.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

365. van der Kolk, B. A. (2005, December). Frontiers of trauma treatment. Presentation at the 5th Evolution of Psychotherapy Conference, Anaheim, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Starting with a review of recent studies on the neurobiology of trauma, Dr. van der Kolk will examine the utility of approaches from the fields of hypnosis, body oriented therapies and EMDR, both with research data and videotapes clinical interventions. The integration of these approaches during different stages of treatment will be discussed.

Keywords: Trauma Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

366. Scheffler, U. (2004). Fruhe systemische interventionen fur kindliche und jugendliche gewaltopfer [Fruh systemic interventions for child and adolescent victims of violence]. Forum der Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie, 4-2004, 33-44.

Language: German

Format: Book Section

Keywords: Adolescents Children Fruh Systemic Interventions Trauma Therapy Victims

Accuracy Verified: Yes

367. Adler-Tapia, R. L., & Settle, C. S. (2009, March). The full works. Counselling Children and Young People, 12-15.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Whether you are first learning about Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) or you have participated in EMDR training, the goal of this article is to provide the reader with a brief overview of strategies for using the full protocol with young children. To understand the process by which the phases of the protocol are applied with child clients, it is important to understand the theoretical underpinnings that Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) theory creates as a foundation for healing and health with children. After discussing the application of AIP to children, the article will continue with an overview of skills therapists can use to create a toolbox that can be integrated into the EMDR eight phase treatment protocol with references for additional study and training on using EMDR with children. Finally, therapists will begin to learn how to adapt the full EMDR protocol for effective psychotherapy through developmentally suited language and interventions with even the youngest of clients.

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP Children Child Psychotherapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

368. Dellucci, H. (2012, June). The Gear Box. A structured protocol for a safe EMDR process with complex trauma [“Gearbox” (Caja de cambios): un protocolo estructurado para un proceso [terapéutico] seguro con EMDR [en pacientes] con trauma complejo]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR with people suffering from complex trauma often leads to difficulties regarding the treatment plan, but also during desensitization, reprocessing, with a risk of major destabilization, and treatment drop outs. Often, many targets, especially those coming from early childhood, are pre-‐verbal in nature and stay therefore implicit. Should we then renounce in doing EMDR with these people? Is it possible to apply EMDR safely and without getting lost, adjusting to each person, so different from another, and their life events somewhat chaotic? The gearbox, through the metaphor of a journey by car, suggests a hierarchical processing structure to navigate through therapy with people suffering from complex trauma, which allows the therapist to adapt to the client, his/her life context, knowing what to do, and why. The result is a more self-‐confident therapist, who is able to adapt to the client, being so more flexible and safe while doing EMDR. By integrating the current knowledge of EMDR for complex trauma, the gearbox is a dynamic and adaptive tool.

EMDR en personas que sufren trauma complejo a menudo conlleva dificultades respecto al plan terapéutico y también durante la desensibilización y reprocesamiento, con el riesgo de una desestabilización mayor y el abandono del tratamiento. Con frecuencia, muchos de los objetivos y, muy especialmente los que tienen su origen en la primera infancia, son preverbales y, por lo tanto, permanecen implícitos. ¿Deberíamos renunciar al uso de EMDR con estas personas? ¿Es posible aplicar EMDR de forma segura y sin perderse, adaptándose a cada persona, tan distintas unas de otras, así como a sus eventos de vida, algo caóticos? “Gearbox”, a través de una metáfora de un viaje en coche, sugiere una estructura jerárquica de procesamiento para navegar por la terapia con personas que sufre trauma complejo, lo que permite al terapeuta a adaptarse al cliente, el contexto de su vida, sabiendo qué hacer y por qué. El resultado es un terapeuta con más confianza en sí mismo, capaz de adaptarse al cliente, con mucho más flexibilidad y seguridad mientras utiliza EMDR. Al integrar los conocimientos actuales de EMDR en casos de trauma complejo, “la caja de cambios” es una herramienta dinámica y adaptativa.

Keywords: Gear Box

Accuracy Verified: Yes

369. Lipke, H., Rogers, S., & Errebo, N. (2005, September). Getting past “You weren’t there”: EMDR and the combat veteran. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Seattle, WA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The EMDR trauma protocol was based, in part, on Shapiro's early work with combat veterans. In a time of ongoing military conflicts, private practitioners may be encountering the challenges of working with returning veterans for the first time. Using a combination of case examples, videotapes, and research, the presenters will discuss common characteristics of combat veterans, countertransference and other therapist issues, and integration and modification of the EMDR protcol.

Keywords: Combat Countertransference Veteran

Accuracy Verified: Yes

370. Greenwald, R. (2002, June). Getting to EMDR: Structuring treatment so that EMDR fits in. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Diego, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The commonly-reported difficulty in identifying opportunties to use EMDR reflects the fact that relatively few EMDR-trained clinicians were previously trauma specialists. This workshop will present a comprehensive model of trauma-informed treatment that will help participants to utilize their preferred orientation and methods in a manner conducive to trauma treatment and to EMDR. Participants will learn specific interventions to help their clients understand why EMDR can help them to resolve their presenting problem. Participants will learn a conceptual framework with which to organize and sequence a range of intervention to prepare their clients for EMDR. Participants will learn specific interventions to prepare their clients for EMDR. This workshop is appropriate for clinicians working with children, adolescents, and adults wilth a range of presenting problems (not just PTSD).

Keywords: General Trauma-Informed Interventions

Accuracy Verified: Yes

371. van Rens, L. W., de Weert-van Oene, G. H., van Oosteren, A. A., & Rutten, C. (2012). Gevalsbeschrijving - Klinische behandeling van posttraumatische stressstoornis bij patiënten met ernstige dubbele diagnose [Case Study - Clinical treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder in patients with serious dual diagnosis problems]. Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie, 54(4), 383-388.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Three patients with severe addiction problems, early sexual trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder PTSD comorbid psychotic vulnerability and personality problems received integrated treatment following admission to a clinic specialising in the care of patients with a dual diagnosis. Treatment was administered in accordance with current guidelines and involved either imaginal exposure or eye movement desensitization and reprocessing EMDR, integrated with relapse management of addiction problems. It is concluded that the current evidence-based guidelines regarding PTSD and addiction can also be applied successfully and effectively to an extremely vulnerable patient population.

Keywords: Dual Diagnosis Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

372. Connor, P. K. (2005). Guideline-based programs in the treatment of complex PTSD. Deakin University, Victoria, Australia.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
The term “post-traumatic stress disorder” (PTSD) is a relatively new diagnostic label, being formally recognized in 1980 in the Diagnostic Statistical Manual for Psychiatric Illness – Third Edition (DSM-III) of the American Psychiatric Association (APA, 1980). Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (CP) is a more recently discussed, and newly-classified, phenomenon, initially discussed in the early 1990s (Herman, 1992a). Thus, as research into effective treatments for CP is sparse, the treatment of CP is the topic of this study, in which a guideline-based treatment program developed by the researcher for the treatment of CP is implemented and evaluated. Ten individuals participated in this study, undertaking individualized, guideline-based treatment programs spanning a period of six months. In providing background information relevant to this study, an explanation is provided regarding the nature of CP, and the reasons for its consideration as a separate phenomenon to PTSD. The adequacy of the PTSD formulation in enabling effective assessment and treatment of CP is also explored, with endorsement of previous researchers’ conclusions that the CP construct is more useful than the PTSD construct for assessing and treating survivors of long-term and multiple forms of abuse. The PTSD classification is restrictive, and not necessarily appropriate for certain forms of trauma (such as prolonged trauma, or multiple forms of trauma), as such trauma experiences may lead to specific effects that lay outside those formerly associated with PTSD. Such effects include alterations in affect regulation, consciousness, self-perception, interpersonal relationships, and in systems of meaning. Following discussion regarding the PTSD/CP classification, an examination of treatment methods currently used in the treatment of PTSD, and a review of treatment outcome studies, takes place. The adequacy of primary treatment methods in treating CP symptoms is then examined, with the conclusion that a range of treatment methods could potentially be useful in the treatment of CP symptoms. Individuals with a diagnosis of CP may benefit from the adoption of an eclectic approach, drawing on different treatment options for different symptoms, and constantly evaluating client progress and re-evaluating interventions. This review of treatment approaches is followed by details of an initial study undertaken to obtain feedback from individuals who had suffered long-term/multiple trauma and who had received treatment. Participants in this initial study were asked open-ended questions regarding the treatment approach they had experienced, the most useful aspect of the treatment, the least useful aspect, and other strategies/treatment approaches that may have been useful – but which were not used. The feedback obtained from these individuals was used to inform the development of treatment guidelines for use in the main study, as were recommendations made by Chu (1998). The predominant focus of the treatment guidelines was “ego strengthening”, a term coined by Chu (1998) to describe the “initial (sometimes lengthy) period of developing fundamental skills in maintaining supportive relationships, developing self-care strategies, coping with symptomatology, improving functioning, and establishing a positive self identity” (p.75). Using a case study approach, data are then presented relating to each of the ten individuals involved in the treatment program: details of his/her trauma experience(s)and the impact of the trauma (as perceived by each individual); details of each individual’s treatment program (as planned, and as implemented); post-treatment evaluation of the positive and negative aspects of the treatment program (from the therapist’s perspective); and details of the symptoms reported by the individual post-treatment, via psychometric assessment and also during interview. Analysis and discussion of the data relating to the ten participants in the study are the focal point of this study. The evaluation of the effectiveness of each individual’s treatment has been based predominantly on qualitative data, obtained from an analysis of language (discourse analysis) used by participants to describe their symptoms pre- and post-treatment. Both blatant and subtle changes in the language used by participants to describe themselves, their behaviour, and their relationships pre- and post-treatment have provided an insight into the possible changes that occurred as a result of the treatment program. The language used by participants has been a rich source of data, one that has enabled the researcher to obtain information that could not be obtained using psychometric assessment methods. Most of the participants in this study portrayed notable changes in many of the CP symptoms, including being more stable and having improved capacity to explore their early abuse. Although no direct cause-effect relationship between the participants’ treatment program and the improvements described can be established from this study, the participants’ perception that the program assisted them with their symptoms, and reported many aspects of “ego strengthening”, is of major importance. Such self-perception of strength and empowerment is important if an individual is going to be able to deal with past trauma experiences. In fact, abreactive work may have a greater chance of succeeding if those who have experienced long-term or multiple trauma are feeling more empowered, and more stable, as were the participants in this study (post-intervention). In concluding this study, recommendations have been made in regard to the use of guideline-based treatment programs in the responsible treatment of CP. Strengths and limitations of this study have also been highlighted, and recommendations have been made regarding possibilities for future research related to CP treatment. On the whole, this study has supported strongly other research that highlights the importance of focusing on “ego strengthening” in assisting those who have suffered long-term/multiple trauma experiences. Thus, a guideline-based program focusing on assisting sufferers of long-term trauma with some, or all, of the symptoms of CP, is recommended as an important first stage of any treatment of individuals who have experienced long-term/multiple trauma, allowing them to develop the emotional and psychological strength required to deal with past traumatic events. Clinicians who are treating patients whose history depicts long-term or multiple trauma experiences (either from their childhood, or at some stage in their adult life) need, therefore, to be mindful of assessing individuals for symptoms of CP – so that they can treat these symptoms prior to engaging in any work associated directly with the past traumatic experiences. [Author abstract]
D.H.Sc.(Psych.) thesis, School of Psychology.

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapy Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

373. Hofmann, A. (2010, June). Healing depression by treating trauma?. Keynote presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Scientific studies of EMDR have shown that it is one of the most effective tools for treating posttraumatic stress disorders. One of the lesser-known properties of EMDR is that it also seems to be an effective psychotherapy method in a number of disorders, which may have part of their origins in stressful memories. One of these disorders is chronic depression.
Severe depression is one of the most common mental disorders and affects between 5-15% of the general population during their lifetimes. Although many psychotherapeutic and pharmacologic interventions exist that are considered to be effective in depression, the treatment is less than satisfactory. High relapse rates (around 50% after two years), unsatisfactory remissions and suicidal risks are among the major problems. Research shows that there may be a link between traumatic events (such as abuse experience in childhood) and the later occurrence of a depressive disorder. Research also shows that patients with a traumatic childhood history respond differently to treatment than patients without such a history do.
However, there is no published systematic study that tries to explore the potential use of trauma-specific treatments, such as EMDR, with depressive patients with a trauma history.
The presenter will report on the status of research on this subject and on a current controlled study, which is exploring the use of EMDR in depressive patients.

Keywords: Depression Keynote Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

374. Forgash, C. A. (2005, September). Healing the heart of complex trauma through EMDR, ego state and somatosensory work. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Seattle, WA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR is increasingly being utilized to treat highly challenging clients with a variety of diagnoses including complex PTSD, DESNOS, and a range of dissociative disorders. The dissociative processes commonly described as part of the PTSD spectrum, are also predicted by early attachment difficulties and losses. These clients may present with elements of several disorders (i.e., Borderline PD). Without considerable stabilization work, they may be unable to process information safely. This presentation, through lecture, experiential work and case presentation, will provide clinicians with a model that enables them to provide EMDR treatment effectively with this population. Participants will become familiar with specialized treatment planning that begins with detailed and complex history taking and pays particular attention to an extensive individualized preparation phase. They will learn how and when to integrate ego state work, somatosensory work and disociative treatment strategies in this phase and throughout EMDR protocol work. This systemic work will be understood to help patients resolve internal conflicts, deal with stabilization, affect regulation, triggering, overwhelm, dissociation, and resistance.

Keywords: Challenging Clients Dissociation Ego State Therapy Master Series Somatosensory Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

375. Forgash, C. (2004, June). Healing the heart of trauma: Restoring connections and stability. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Stockholm, Sweden .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
When trauma victims enter therapy, they generally seek help for symptoms of PTSD, depression and anxiety. However, additional trauma responses may lead the client to encounter difficulty in dealing with the trauma and also with the trauma and also with relationships in their life. These responses also include the inability to love, nurture and bond with other individuals (even those currently in relationship to victim). These clients often experience feeling internally fragmented, detached, alienated and fearfully isolated. Gathering this information is an important part of history taking and becomes crucial to treatment planning. The aim of this presentation is to help clinicians learn to implement strategies that help traumatized clients to experience reconnection, stability, and then, trauma processing. Integrating ego state strategies with the preparation phase of the EMDR protocol results in a safety/stability focused therapeutic approach necessary for these clients to resolve the sequelae of trauma.
Emphasis is placed on the sequential formulation of guided imaginal and somatosensory exercises (enhanced with DAW) that provide stability for the dissociated aspects of the self unable to cope with symptoms and current stresses. The central work includes the development of an internal Home Base, Workplace, and a positive body resource that compliments the standard safe place/stress reduction work. Stabilizing exercises include constructive avoidance, distancing, grounding, containment as well as affect and dissociative symptom management techniques. When stabilized, client’s access and work with their ego state system to resolve conflicts, develop resources, reconnect and then successfully desensitize and reprocess trauma.
Learning objective include: the importance of including information in the history taking about an inability to love, loss of connections, fragmentation, detachment and alienation; defining the ego state strategies that help such client s successfully process traumas with the EMDR protocol; learning the preparation exercises for managing affect and dissociative symptoms. Participants will select the appropriate interventions to help trauma clients reconnect with dissociated, disconnected parts and employ this sequential method in their practice with traumatized clients.

Keywords: Affect Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

376. Forgash, C. A. (2004, September). Healing the heart of trauma: Restoring connections and stability. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Montreal, Quebec Canada.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Trauma victims enter therapy seeking help with the symptoms of PTSD, depression and anxiety. Additional trauma responses lead the client to encounter difficulty in dealing with trauma as well as with relationships. This can include the inability to love, nurture and bond with other individuals (even those currently in relationship with the victim). Integrating ego state strategies into the preparation phase of the standard protocol results in a safety and stability focused therapeutic approach. The emphasis in this presentation will be on developing interventions that provide stability and reconnection for the aspects of the self unable to cope with symptoms and life stresses and help clients access/work with their ego state system to desensitize and reprocess trauma.

Keywords: Connections Stability

Accuracy Verified: Yes

377. Herbert, C. (2004, February). Healing the inner child - EMDR imagery re-scripting technique with complex trauma clients. Presentation at the 2nd annual Conference of the EMDR UK & Ireland Association, Birmingham, UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Neuropsychological findings indicate that affect regulation is learned through secure attachment during the first year of an infant's life (Siegel, 1999; Schore, 1994, 1996). Poor affect regulation is one of the main indicators of clients diagnosed with Personality Disorders and those having experienced early life trauma, e.g. CSA or other abuse. Hence, one of the aims of a successful treatment outcome is healthy affect control. Yet, few therapeutic approaches for Personality Disorder or Complex Trauma currently focus ont the quality and re-building of such clients' early attachment relationships. Herbert (2002, 2003) describes a therapeutic framework, utilizing both EMDR and CBT (Cognitive Behavioural Therapy) technqiues for working with complex client problems, that incorporates an assessment of the quality of early attachment relationships and, based on this, various therapeutic methods, such as imaginal re-nurtuing, which aid clients to re-script and repair ruptures in clients' experiences of their early attachment relationships. Clinical practice indicates that through the use of these techniques, clients with previously poor affect control and functionally disrupted lives, can learn to build a more secure and functionally positive sense of Self with healthy mechanisms of affect regulation. a) The learning objectives for this presentation are to introduce participatns to 1. the concept of attachment and its role ind determining affect control, 2. a therapeutic framework for working with clients with complex problems, and 3, clinicial technqiues that hep repair deficits in early attachment relationships to allow cients build healthy mechanisms of affect control.

Keywords: Complex Trauma Personality Disorders Re-Scripting

Accuracy Verified: Yes

378. Laliotis, D. (2009). Healing the wounds of attachment: An EMDR relational approach. In A. Bloomgarden & R. B. Mennuti (Eds). (2009). Psychotherapist revealed: Therapists speak about self-disclosure in psychotherapy. (pp. 151-162). New York, NY, US: Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group. xviii, 324 pp..

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
In this chapter the author describes the use of self-disclosure during eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) psychotherapy with a patient, Melina, who had a poor sense of self and a fear of abandonment. As an EMDR therapist with a psychodynamic, object relations background, the author describes how she explores with Melina how her early experiences as a child informed how she felt about herself as a person and how she relates to family and friends as well as her intimates. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Attachment Early Childhood Experiences Psychotherapy Relational Approach Self-Disclosure

Accuracy Verified: Yes

379. Solomon, M. F., & Siegel, D. J. (2003). Healing trauma: Attachment, mind, body, and brain. New York: W. W. Norton.

Language: English

Format: Book

Abstract:
This book examines the following crucial issues: (1) how life experiences influence the maturation of the brain and mind in achieving mental health; (2) the central role of emotion in the functioning of healthy minds, brains, and relationships; (3) the importance of the body in influencing the nature of the mind and subjective experience; and (4) the impact of both positive and traumatic experiences on the development of coherent functioning, interpersonal relatedness, and the emergence of mental disturbance. [Text, p. xiv]TOPICS TREATED: An interpersonal neurobiology of psychotherapy: the developing mind and the resolution of trauma; Unresolved states regarding loss or abuse can have "second-generation" effects: disorganization, role inversion, and frightening ideation in the offspring of traumatized, non-maltreating parents; Early relational trauma, disorganized attachment, and the development of a predisposition to violence; PTSD and the nature of trauma; EMDR and information processing in psychotherapy treatment: personal development and global implications; Dyadic regulation and experiential work with emotion and relatedness in trauma and disorganized attachment; A clinical model for the comprehensive treatment of trauma using an affect experiencing-attachment theory approach; Connection, disruption, repair: treating the effects of attachment trauma on intimate relationships. [Pilots]

Keywords: Attachment Behavior Psychotherapy Stressors Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

380. Ray, K. (2000, September 30). Health in focus. London, England: The Times, Features.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
I consider that I have never been rendered so emotionally well as I am now as a result of this EMDR therapy. The EMDR Association can be contacted on 020-8951 3420 or at www. emdr.practitioner.net. I would seriously recommend anyone who is struggling in adult life as a result of early childhood traumas to consider this as a very valuable and hopeful type of therapy.

Keywords: General Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

381. Adúriz, M. E., Bluthgen, C., & Knopfler, C. (2009, May). Helping child flood victims using group EMDR intervention in Argentina: Treatment outcome and gender differences. International Journal of Stress Management, 16(2), 138-153. doi:10.1037/a0014719.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
A comprehensive group intervention with 124 children who experienced disaster-related trauma during a massive flood in Santa Fe, Argentina, in 2003 is illustrated, utilizing a one-session group eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) protocol. A posttreatment session was done 3 months after the treatment intervention to evaluate results. Results of this one-session treatment procedure, utilizing the EMDR-Integrative Group Treatment Protocol, showed statistically significant reduction of symptoms immediately after the intervention. These statistically significant differences were sustained at posttreatment evaluation 3 months later, as measured by psychometric scales, and by clinical and behavioral observation. Data analysis also revealed significant gender differences. Despite methodological limitations, this study supports the efficacy of EMDR group treatment in the amelioration and prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, providing an efficient, simple, and economic (in terms of time and resources) tool for disaster-related trauma. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Argentina Floods Gender Difference Group Interventions Integrative Group Treatment Protocol Treatment Outcome Victims

Accuracy Verified: Yes

382. Marcus, S. (2008, Maart ). Het behandelen van hoofdpijn met geïntegreerde EMDR [Treating headaches with integrated EMDR]. Presentatie op het derde congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Amersfoort, The Netherlands.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Negentig procent van het Amerikaanse publiek krijgt af en toe hoofdpijn. Naar schatting vijfenveertig miljoen Amerikanen hebben ernstige terugkerende hoofdpijn. Tot dusver is het primaire behandeling voor hoofdpijn is farmaceutica. Deze workshop beoogt u vertrouwd te maken met een niet-veilige alternatieve medicatie voor de behandeling van hoofdpijnen die gebruik maakt van EMDR. De bedoeling van dit seminar is om artsen te trainen in het gebruik van een geïntegreerde aanpak van EMDR bij de behandeling van spanning en migraine. Meer dan 50% van deze presentatie is de opleiding en "hands on" de praktijk van de geïntegreerde aanpak van EMDR. De twee primaire doelstellingen van dit seminar zijn aan a) een overzicht van de huidige professionele praktijken van de behandeling hoofdpijn en b) de deelnemers te trainen in het gebruik van geïntegreerde EMDR, Fase 1 (acute hoofdpijn reliëf) en fase 2 (multi-sessie behandeling van hoofdpijn ). Andere doelstellingen zijn onder andere inzicht hoofdpijn ontstaan, hoofdpijn trigger identificatie, hoofdpijn drempel theorie, overzicht van dr. Marcus 'Migraine Onderzoek, training in de geïntegreerde EMDR protocol dat ontwikkeld is voor de klinische praktijk, informed consent en inzicht in de rol van de provider bij de inzet van deze benadering in de klinische praktijk . Hoewel deze workshop is voor slechts EMDR getrainde clinicus, hoofdpijn eerdere ervaring in behandeling is niet vereist. Dit seminar zal u helpen om: 1. Geef hoofdpijn opluchting voor uw patiënten. 2. Herkennen de verschillende soorten hoofdpijn. 3. Inzicht in de biologie van de hoofdpijn. 4. Combat rebound of verslavingsproblemen gemaakt door migraine medicatie door het gebruik van natuurlijke methoden voor hoofdpijn behandeling. 5. Hier 8 niet-hoofdpijn medicatie interventies. 6. Integratie van een nieuw specialisme in uw praktijk.

Ninety percent of the American public gets occasional headaches. An estimated forty five million Americans have severe reoccurring headaches. Up until now the primary treatment for headaches has been pharmaceuticals. This workshop seeks to familiarize you with a safe non-medication alternative for the treatment of headaches that utilizes EMDR. The intent of this seminar is to train clinicians in the use of an integrated EMDR approach to treating tension and migraine headaches. Over 50% of this presentation is training and “hands on” practice of the Integrated EMDR approach. The two primary objectives of this seminar are to a) provide a professional overview of current practices of headache treatment and b) to train participants in the use of Integrated EMDR, Phase 1 (acute headache relief) and Phase 2 (multi-session headache treatment). Other objectives include understanding headache etiology, headache trigger identification, headache threshold theory, overview of Dr. Marcus’ Migraine Research, training in the Integrated EMDR protocol designed for clinical practice, informed consent and understanding the role of provider when deploying this approach in clinical practice. Although this workshop is for EMDR trained clinician’s only, previous experience in headache treatment is not required. This seminar will help you to: 1. Provide headache relief for your patients. 2. Recognize the different headache types. 3. Understand the biology of headaches. 4. Combat rebound or addiction problems created by migraine medication by utilizing natural methods for headache treatment. 5. Learn 8 non-medication headache interventions. 6. Integrate a new specialty into your practice.

Keywords: Headaches

Accuracy Verified: Yes

383. Oppenheim, H-J. (2010, April). Het snijden moet stoppen, een uitweg uit de "stabilisatie-versus behandeling paradox 'in een DIS patiënt [The cutting must stop an escape from the" Stabilization versus treatment paradox' in a patient CIS]. Workshop gepresenteerd aan de vierde congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Nijmegen, The Nederlands.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In deze presentatie zal ik, ook met behulp van video clips, bespreken het proces van de patiënt met een trauma CIS in acuut gevaar. Er was ernstige zelfbeschadiging dat elke volledig buiten het bewustzijn van de patiënt heeft plaatsgevonden. In termen van structurele dissociatie model (onder anderen), Onno van der Hart, is er agressieve acties van een emotionele deel van de persoonlijkheid (EP) die hebben gereageerd op deze ernstige en gewelddadige herbeleving van een vroege jeugd trauma. Aangezien de levensbedreigende zelfbeschadiging vormen begon te nemen werd gesneden zo spoedig gestaakt. Het was echter duidelijk dat in deze omstandigheden, te kijken naar het dagelijks leven schijnbaar normaal functioneren van de persoonlijkheid (ONP) trauma niet kon dragen. Patiënt en therapeut zijn gevangen in deze situatie in een vertrouwde paradox: om het trauma te verwerken moet stabiel genoeg zijn, maar de stabiliteit is nodig om het trauma te verwerken. In deze presentatie, een uitweg uit deze paradox zien. Na intensieve voorbereiding, met inbegrip van de bescherming van bepaalde onderdelen persoonlijkheid, contacten en onderhandelingen met een levensbedreigende deel en andere delen, met behulp van EMDR trauma kan optreden met alleen die delen dat het trauma kan verwerken. De (b) lijkt het erop dat actieve trauma EMDR met behulp van in deels bewust mogelijke niveau. Deelnemers zullen leren: a. hoe te werken uit de structuurfondsen Dissociatie Model; b. het belang van een actieve houding van de therapeut, als regisseur, wanneer het in contact en werken met verschillende delen van de persoonlijkheid, om het gewenste doel te bereiken. c. dat trauma een deel mogelijk bij het ontbreken van gericht op het dagelijks leven van de persoonlijkheid.

In this presentation I will, also using video clips, discuss the process of trauma patient with a CIS in acute danger. There was serious self-harm that each completely outside the consciousness of the patient occurred. In terms of structural dissociation model (among others), Onno van der Hart, there is aggressive actions of an emotional part of the personality (EP) that responded to this serious and violent reworking of an early childhood trauma. Since the life-threatening self-harm forms began to take was cut as soon as discontinued. However, it was clear that in these circumstances, looking at daily life seemingly normal functioning of the personality (ONP) trauma could not bear. Patient and therapist are caught in this situation in a familiar paradox: to process the trauma must be stable enough, but the stability is needed to process the trauma. In this presentation, an escape from this paradox shown. After intensive preparation, including in safeguarding certain personality parts, contact and negotiations with life threatening part and other parts, using EMDR trauma could occur with only those parts that could handle the trauma. The (b) it seems that active trauma using EMDR in partly conscious level possible. Participants will learn: a. how to work from the Structural Dissociation Model; b. the importance of an active attitude of the therapist, as a film director, when in contact and working with different parts of the personality, to achieve the desired goal. c. that trauma to a part as possible in the absence of focused on the daily lives of the personality

Keywords: Cutting, Stabilization, Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

384. Dyregrov, A. (2004, Oktober). Hjelper terapi for traumatiserte mennesker? [Does trauma therapy help?]. Tidsskrift for Norsk Psykologforening, 41(10), 787-793.

Language: Norwegian

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Denne artikkelen beskriver de psykologiske og fysiske konsekvenser av traumer. Det vurderinger deretter ulike terapeutiske tiltak for posttraumatisk stresslidelse (PTSD). Metoder basert på atferds-og kognitive strategier synes mest effektive i behandling av traumer. Studier har vist at et stort flertall av personer med en eksisterende PTSD diagnosen ikke har PTSD etter opphør av behandlingen. Videre er positiv behandling resultatet tydelig demonstrert lenge etter behandling nedleggelse. Effektiv behandlingsmetoder omfatter eksponering terapi, kognitiv terapi, Eye Movement Desensitisation og Rengjøring (EMDR), og kognitiv atferdsterapi. Nye behandlingsmetoder vil uten tvil utvide antall hvordan PTSD kan behandles, slik at programmer bedre tilpasset behovene til hver enkelt pasient. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 TFO, alle rettigheter reservert)

This article describes the psychological and physical consequences of trauma. It then reviews different therapeutic interventions for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Methods based on behavioural and cognitive strategies seem most effective in the treatment of trauma. Studies have shown that a large majority of persons with an existing PTSD diagnosis do not have PTSD after termination of treatment. Furthermore, positive treatment outcome is clearly demonstrated long after treatment closure. Effective methods of treatment include exposure therapy, cognitive therapy, Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR), and cognitive behavioural therapy. New treatment methods will no doubt broaden the number of ways in which PTSD may be treated, allowing for programmes better suited to the needs of each particular patient. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Literature Review Physical Consequences Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychological Consequences Psychotherapy PTSD Therapeutic Interventions Therapeutic Processes Trauma Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

385. Brivio, R., & Bergamaschi, L. (2008, January). Human and organizational aspects affecting the wellbeing in rescue-working activity: EMDR (Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing), Mirror Neuron and Stress Inoculation: The role of training methods, practice and simulation for psychological risks prevention and management in emergency workers.. International Workshop Reinforce Rescuers' Resilience by Empowering a well-being Demension Workshop, Turin, Italy .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The wellbeing of rescuers: Relational, organizational and technical aspects that can affect rescuers' wellbeing during rescue activities: Stress inoculation, role playing and the role of mirror neurons in training, also through the use of video recordings. Relaxation techniques, psychological debriefing and EMDR in trainings.

Focus of our intervention is the wellbeing of the rescuer. The study and research on this matter came and were carried out thanks to the activity done both during trainings and simulations of the Civil Protection than real emergencies. Our team work received contribution by some psychologists of OPP (Parma’s Psychologists’ Observatory: A.Sozzi, E.Pedrelli, F.Frati, A. Bocelli, T. Serra). Wellbeing, defined as a subjective and positive emotional state together with a global life satisfaction (Diener, 1984), is strongly at risk during rescuer’s emergency activities and can affect the rescuer both physically and psychologically. The rescuer's capabilities, that we think are technical “know how” and thorough knowledge, are essential to give the best performance according to the complexity and urgency of the intervention. These skills can really contribute to the rescuer's wellbeing, because they can improve the self-efficiency perception. To effectively manage and train rescuers, it is furthermore important to consider and acknowledge the influence of interpersonal relationships on technical performances. It is, in fact, particularly important to recognize and support the typical relationships that can be created in a team with the same task and specialization, as well as in multidisciplinary teams, or teams belonging to different Institutions but operating in the same scenario.

In recent years increasing attention has been given to training activities, even through the use of the role play for interventions in artificial emergency scenarios. To recreate scenarios of massive emergencies, different Civil Protection Associations, as well as First Aid volunteer associations and the local Institutions have been involved. In these simulations, most cases focus on improving technical performances. Lately psychologists have been asked to join the rescuers team. During these simulations, the role-play of emotional and psychological problems occurs thanks to the cooperation between emergency psychologists and the medical team. The introduction of the role and expertise of psychologists allowed to extend and strengthen the attention to cross support and care aspects for the psychological wellbeing of both victims and rescuers. The psychologist must therefore consider the “wellbeing” in all the emergency scenarios and contexts, as a sum of all the components that we talked about here and the ones we will describe during our intervention. He must first of all be aware of the complexity of each intervention in the field, and adopt a kind of approach aimed at creating and recovering wellbeing strategies, that can be used by himself as well. Strategies on how to build, recover and maintain the wellbeing identify stress as the first danger source the rescuer has to face in his training and emergency activity. When external events or stimuli are perceived as difficult to face compared with resources available at that moment, the individual gets stressed. When the person's efforts are not adaptive to the external requests and/or coherent with his performance expectations, he becomes vulnerable to emotional, behavioural, cognitive and physical reactions, which can be even very difficult to manage both in the short and/or in the medium-long term. This can happen when the sources of stress depend on the rescuer’s performance, and it can also happen in case of post traumatic stress, visible in different stages after the event. From the psychologist's specialist background and from the integration of this with the result of field experiences, the demand for a range of different tools to manage the different kinds of stress emerges, and these tools must be applicable both to the individual and to the group. This range is still improving, and the results of our observational activity from past and present experiences lead us to see the opportunity to carry on our research of tools of efficacy. During this speech we would like to underline that approaches like Stress Inoculation Training (SIT, Michenbaum, 1983) and the use of role playing allow the technical appraisal and let the rescuers improve their stress management skills, and all that can lead to a decrease in the risk of PTSD. In past simulations of emergencies, we found out that the use of videotapes for the role plays is a tool that should be taken more into account. We think it is important to evaluate its potential for the rescuers' benefit, because it seems to be not only “a record of technical performances”, but also an observation and learning tool about the rescuer's own defence and adaptive strategies. In fact, during these simulations we found out that the rescuers' psychological and emotional vulnerability emerged in several situations. The fact that even in these artificial situations there were acute stress episodes and O codes urged us to focus more on the matter of mutual influence between technical performance and internal experience of stress. We understand that such acute stress episodes may occur during real life critical events but we can see how role playing and video recordings show that such acute stress episodes affected the simulators themselves even during the simulation. The videos show that even apparently “high immunity” simulators, who are considered 'immune' thanks to their comprehensive and strong experience, experienced acute stress, perhaps because of an incorrect selfevaluation of their own stress management skills. The interest in the use of videos as a training and reprocessing tool for rescuers led some of us to specialize in role playing recording, so as to carry out a more accurate and comprehensive study on those same videos and use them as a mirror of reality and better educational tool through a vicar experience or through “seeing oneself from within the experience” and in the interpersonal dynamics that took place in the scenario. Videotapes are a very known and widely used tool in other kinds of trainings, disciplines and therapies (i.e. Family Therapy and CBT). The discovery of mirror neurons by Rizzolati, Gallese et Al., provides the evidence that when someone observes the same action performed by another person, the neurons "mirrors" the behaviour of that person, as though the observer were itself acting. Thanks to these researchers it is now proven that this can happen thanks to the motor neurons in the pre-motor cortex. Therefore, we would like to underline the role of videos as very useful and versatile training tools, since they expose a situation in an unexpected realistic manner “as if” it were true and “as if” we were really experiencing that situation, with the consequent learning movements at the emotional, cognitive and behavioural level, at the stress management level, as well as at the level of team work dynamics. Visual imagination activates the same brain regions that are active during visual perception and motor imagination activates the same brain regions activated the movement is really happening. More importantly, it was possible for us to verify that the videos recorded by other operators were not focused on showing the important psychological aspects we mentioned for the goal of the trainings, thing that happened instead with the videos recorded by psychologists. We think therefore that the use of videotapes recorded by psychologists should be given more consideration in the trainings of rescuers. During this intervention we will devote part of the time to broadcasting two short videos; the first one shows the role playing of an intervention in an emergency context, and the second one shows a part of an EMDR session (Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing). We think it is important to recreate and protect rescuers wellbeing in the post-role playing and post emergency stages too. For years EMDR has been proven effective in improving the individual's coping skills and in reprocessing, wherever necessary, the post traumatic aspects resulting from critical events to whom not only the victims, but also the rescuers too, are exposed during emergencies.

Keywords: Emergency Workers Mirror Neuron and Stress Inoculation Rescue-Working Activity Risk Prevention and Management

Accuracy Verified: Yes

386. Humi, M. P., Godoy-Izquierdo, D., Vazquez, M. L., & Godoy, J. F. (2012, June). Hypothesis of emotional trauma and structural dissociation in idiopathic parkinson’s disease: Treatment by EMDR?. Poster presented at the annual meeting of EMDR Europe, Madrid, Spain .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) is proposed to be the result of a multifactorial process that causes the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. The first symptoms appear when dopamine is reduced by 80% in the striatum nucleus or when 60% of the negro-striatal neurons have disappeared. This indicates that the cause of PD happens or starts to be active years if not decades before the first symptoms appear. There is evidence from animal and human models that PD has an early pre-symptomatic or masked onset as a result of pre- or perinatal disruption of the neuronal development of the brain and/or by a postnatal traumatic impact very early in life affecting the neurogenesis and/or making the nigro-striatal system vulnerable to subsequent experiences (Diseth, 2005; Le, Chen and Jankovic, 2009). Medical research identifies such (subsequent) traumatic impacts in genetic or environmental factors or following a neurodevelopmental insult by aging alone (Le et al., 2009).

Keywords: Parkinson’s Disease Poster

Accuracy Verified: Yes

387. Mosquera, D., & Gonzalez, A. (2011, Settembre). I disturbi de personalita e l’EMDR [Personaity disorders and EMDR]. Presentazione al Congresso EMDR Nazionale "Trauma e relazione,” Roma, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
I pazienti con disturbi di personalità manifestano difficoltà nel loro funzionamento quotidiano; nella loro storia di vita in molti casi sono presenti eventi traumatici e relazioni primarie di attaccamento insicuro. In questo workshop ci focalizzeremo sui disturbi di personalità del gruppo B, in particolar modo sui borderline. Tenteremo di spiegare l’interrelazione dei criteri del DSM con eventi traumatici precoci. Comprendere questi aspetti è basilare per un’adeguata concettualizzazione del caso nella Fase 1 e pianificazione del trattamento di questi pazienti con EMDR. ... In questo workshop verranno approfondite anche le evidenze empiriche riguardo al trauma e ai disturbi di personalità e le pubblicazioni riguardanti l’EMDR e i Disturbi di Personalità. Un aspetto interessante di questo workshop è l’integrazione dell’esposizione teorica e la presentazione di video di casi clinici, al fine di comprendere meglio gli specifici aspetti della terapia con EMDR nei disturbi di personalità . Verranno esposti e spiegati la struttura generale della terapia dell’EMDR nei disturbi di personalità, gli interventi della fase di preparazione e le considerazioni riguardo al lavoro sul trauma con l’EMDR.

Patients with personality disorders, difficulties in their daily operation; in their life history in many cases there are traumatic events and the primary relationships of insecure attachment. In this workshop we will focus on personality disorders in group B, especially on the borderline. We will attempt to explain the interrelationship of the criteria of the DSM with traumatic events early. Understanding these aspects is fundamental for an adequate conceptualization of the case in Phase 1 and treatment planning of these patients with EMDR. ... This workshop will also discuss the empirical evidence about the trauma and personality disorders, and publications on EMDR and Personality Disorders. An interesting aspect of this workshop is the integration of theoretical exposure and presentation of video case studies, in order to better understand the specific aspects of EMDR therapy in personality disorders. Will be exhibited and explained the general structure of EMDR therapy in personality disorders, the operations of preparation and considerations about the work on trauma with EMDR.

Keywords: Personality Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

388. Gaarde Madsen, P-E. (2009). I patientens tjeneste: NLP, hypnose og EMDR i kombination og samspil som en mulig virksom form for psykoterapi i det 21. århundrede [Inpatient services, NLP, hypnosis and EMDR in combination and interaction as a possible form of psychotherapy in the 21st century]. Udgave: 1, Oplag: 1 [1st ed] , Copenhagen, Dansk: Frydenlund.

Language: Danish

Format: Other

Abstract:
Beskrivelse
Det etablerede systems opfattelse af sig selv og af såkaldt alternativ terapi debatteres i denne bog. Forfatteren har valgt at sætte fokus på problemerne med spiseforstyrrelser. Kritikken af de eksisterende forhold i det etablerede system på dette område er meget skarp, men derimod er de beskrevne terapeutiske forslag om en mulig virksom terapi generøse. Disse nye muligheder er terapeutiske tiltag, der stadig betragtes som alternative, men de kan ikke desto mindre anvendes på alle de områder, hvorom man i dag mener, der kan bedrives psykoterapi. Det kræver dog, at man forlader illusionen om, at terapi baseret på samtale med såkaldt sund fornuft har nogen som helst terapeutisk effekt. Den omfattende, mulige terapeutiske værktøjskasse beskrives. Det drejer sig om NLP som basis for hypnose. Denne metode kan kombineres med modificeret EMDR. Der fremlægges i bogen mange forskellige paradigmer; det drejer sig bl.a. om tilknytningsteorier, affectteorier, den tredelte hjerne og ikke mindst også de resultater, som den moderne hjerneforskning har produceret i de sidste femten år. Dette omfattende materiale bliver sat sammen til en klinisk enhed, der er fleksibel og mangfoldig. Desuden rummer bogen detaljerede beskrivelser af terapiforløbet for flere patienter med en spiseforstyrrelse. --

Description: The system established perceptions of themselves and the so-called alternative therapies discussed in this book. The author has chosen to focus on problems with eating disorders. Criticism of the existing conditions in the established system in this area is very sharp, but they are described therapeutic suggestions about a possible business therapy generous. These new opportunities are therapeutic interventions that are still considered alternative, but they can nevertheless be applied to all areas on which we now believe there may commit psychotherapy. It requires that you leave the illusion that therapy based on interviews with "common sense has any therapeutic effect. The extensive potential therapeutic tool sets. It is about NLP as a basis for hypnosis. This method can be combined with modified EMDR. Presented in the book many different paradigms, namely, inter alia, on related theories affectteorier, the triune brain, and not least also the results of modern brain research has produced over the last fifteen years. This extensive material is put together to form a clinical entity that is flexible and diverse. In addition the book contains detailed descriptions of therapy for more patients with an eating disorder.

Keywords: Hypnosis Neurolingquistic Programming NLP

Accuracy Verified: Yes

389. Cook, A. (1994). Ideas for using EMDR with dissociative states. EMDR Network Newsletter, 4(3), 5.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
I have been using EMDR with many of my clients a number of whom had been sexually assaulted as children and have suffered other childhood trauma. While it is very helpful for most clients, I have found that some, who had suffered repeated and early abuse, are overwhelmed with the material that they uncovered using EMDR in its original form. I have tried a couple of techniques for altering EMDR which have been very helpful to some clients. Interestingly, many clients can return to the original version once their anxiety levels have been lowered.

Keywords: Dissociation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

390. Giannantonio, M., & Lenzi, S. (2009). Il disturbo di panico: Psicoterapia cognitiva, ipnosi e EMDR [The panic disorder. Cognitive psychotherapy, hypnosis and EMDR]. Milano: R. Cortina.

Language: Italian

Format: Book

Abstract:
La psicoterapia cognitiva, l’ipnosi e l’EMDR vengono per la prima volta inserite in un modello di intervento organico e coerente, il cui obiettivo principale è l’efficacia degli interventi proposti. L’approccio evidence-based alla psicoterapia conferisce una cornice teorica e operativa di grande rigore a modelli di intervento che garantiscono robustezza metodologica e applicabilità immediata.

Cognitive psychotherapy, hypnosis, and EMDR are for the first time on an intervention model and consistent, whose main objective is the effectiveness of interventions proposed. The evidence-based approach to psychotherapy gives a theoretical framework and operational rigorous models of intervention that provide immediate applicability and methodological robustness.

Keywords: Hypnosis Panic Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

391. Flemke, K., & Protinsky, H. (2001, December). Imago dialogues: Treatment enhancement with EMDR. Journal of Family Psychotherapy, 12(4), 1-14. doi:10.1300/J085v12n04_01.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The goal of Imago Relationship Therapy (IRT) is to have a healing connection form within the couple relationship. Some tools for achieving such connection include the Couples-Dialogue and the Parent-Child Dialogue. Despite the effectiveness of these interventions, it seems that some past childhood hurts and traumas remain unprocessed within the brain of certain individuals, thus inhibiting intimacy. By implementing Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) in tandem with IRT, clients who are stuck within these communication enhancement exercises are often able to establish a healing connection, thus further repairing past childhood wounds. Case studies have been included to illustrate the effectiveness of such integration.

Keywords: Childhood Childhood Development Conversation Couples-Dialogue Couples Relationships Couples Therapy Emotional Trauma Healing connection Imago Relationship Therapy Interventions Intimacy Marital Relations Parent Child Communication Parent-Child Dialogue Psychotherapeutic Techniques Relationship Therapy Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

392. Flemke, K., & Protinsky, H. (2003). Imago dialogues: Treatment enhancement with EMDR. Journal of Family Psychotherapy, 14(2), 31-45. doi:10.1300/J085v14n02_03 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The goal of Imago Relationship Therapy (IRT) is to have a healing connection form within the couple relationship. Some tools for achieving such connection include the Couples-dialogue and the Parent-Child dialogue. Despite the effectiveness of these interventions, it seems that some past childhood hurts and traumas remain unprocessed within the brain of certain individuals, thus inhibiting intimacy. By implementing Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) in tandem with IRT, clients who are stuck within these communication enhancement exercises are often able to establish a healing connection, thus further repairing past childhood wounds. Case studies have been included to illustrate the effectiveness of such integration.

Keywords: Child Dialogue Childhood Childhood Development Conversation Couples-Dialogue Couple Relationships Couples Therapy Emotional Trauma Healing Connection Imago Relationship Therapy Intimacy Marital Relations Parent Child Communication Parent-Child Interventions Psychotherapeutic Techniques Relationship Therapy Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

393. Klaus, P. (2005, September). The impact of childhood sexual abuse on childbearing: EMDR and other therapeutic interventions. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Seattle, WA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Childhood abuse memories can be activated at significant developmental periods or at stressful life events. Childbearing is especially vulnerable due perhaps to uncontrollable factors such as rapid changes in the woman's body, uncertainty and pain of labor, numerous invasive procedures, coping with medical professionals who are strangers with authority and power, and responsibility for a tiny, dependent infant. Participants will identify symptoms that may be exhibited during childbearing, recognize specific triggers that activate abuse memories and interfere with birth or parenting, and learn how to incorporate EMDR with specific interventions to help survivors reduce fears, minimize htrggers, promote healing and bonding.

Keywords: Child Bearing Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

394. O'Malley, A. (2008, June). The impact of neglect and trauma on the developing infant brain and the implications for EMDR therapy. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This presentation starts with sensory development in pregnancy. By 22 weeks there is already a high level of brain organisation with touch, taste, hearing and smell already well developed. Balance, vision and motor development follow and the links to learning and states of consciousness are explained. The concept of birth as our first traumatic experience is introduced and the implications for future EMDR therapy are discussed. Infant brain development occurs sequentially implying vulnerabilities during the early years of life. This has a direct relationship on attunement, which is influenced by developmental neglect and trauma. The effects of this trauma for EMDR therapy are explored. New information about the probable mechanism of action of the bilateral stimulation used in EMDR is presented. The mechanism of translating sensory input into new neuronal patterns is explained. The hypothesis of a ‘window of tolerance’ in trauma is mentioned with the reasons why EMDR can help alleviate trauma by expanding the window of tolerance. The concept of a structural developmental model of emotional awareness is explained with how this relates to trauma and a sense of self. The anatomical correlates of emotional processing are suggested at both cortical and limbic system levels. Ways in which EMDR can be modified in light of this knowledge are proposed. An additional model of applying EMDR is outlined. This involves multilateral activation of sympathetic nervous systems to consciously overcome traumas. This process will be shown to lead to brainstem stimulation activating the cranial nerves, which innervate the ocular muscles generating rapid eye movement.

Keywords: Infantile Brain Development

Accuracy Verified: Yes

395. Shusta-Hochberg, S. R. (2003). Impact of the World Trade Center disaster on a Manhattan psychotherapy practice. Journal of Trauma Practice, 2(1), 1-16. doi:10.1300/J189v02n01_01.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
On September 11, 2001, when two hijacked planes destroyed the World Trade Center, the world changed. As a clinical psychologist practicing in Manhattan, and specializing in trauma, the author has found the event's impact upon her work to be profound. For most of her patients, in particular the severely dissociative, this event triggered the deepest feelings of vulnerability, fear and rage. She describes the varied trauma responses of her patients, effective interventions, and her own experiences as a psychologist and a New Yorker both on and since September 11. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: 9/11 Americans DID Dissociative Identity Disorder Personal Narrative Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychologists PTSD September 11 Survivors Terrorism Terrorist Attacks

Accuracy Verified: Yes

396. Luber, M. (2013). Implementing EMDR early mental health interventions for man-made and natural disasters. New York, NY: Springer Publishing, ISBN 9780826199218.

Language: English

Format: Book

Abstract:

Keywords: Disasters Early Interventions Scripted Protocols Summary Sheets

Accuracy Verified: Yes

397. Henry-Schneider, P. (2013, May). The importance of working with the mind/body system. Presentation at the annual EMDR Canada Conference, Banff, Alberta CAN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Ai Chi is a moving meditation in warm water. It is a powerful way to reinforce the body as a positive resource, because it is a multimodal experience. Ai Chi involves being aware of the body in a warm, supportive, nurturing environment. As Bessel van der Kolk points out, “Our brains will continue to take in new information and construct new realities as long as our bodies feel safe.” (2003) Ai Chi reinforces feelings of safety, allowing clients to build upon positive memories and to release negative ones. Ai Chi can be integrated into various stages of the EMDR model. Given an increased awareness of the significance of somatic interventions, an introduction to a little-known modality is important. Utilizing concepts of interpersonal neurobiology developed by Daniel Siegel, levels of integration that constitute mental health will be explored. It will become clear that the characteristics that represent integration are paralleled and reinforced by the Ai Chi process. This puts both EMDR and Ai Chi within a broader context and demonstrates how Ai Chi can reinforce and expand the effects of EMDR. The experience of incorporating a sense of well-being becomes both literal and metaphorical. Participants will learn some of the movements on land and also watch a video of the process. Not only is Ai Chi suitable for most populations, it is particularly helpful for people with chronic pain issues as well as an older population. Learning Objectives: • Come to a basic understanding of mental health from an interpersonal neurobiological point of view • Learn about the practice of Ai Chi • Explore how combining EMDR and Ai Chi can promote the 9 levels of integration described by Daniel Siegel MD • Hear about specific cases and how combining EMDR and Ai Chi has contributed to the resolution of a variety of mental health issues • Experience Ai Chi and/or watch video demonstrating Ai Chi.

Keywords: Ai Chi Mind/Body Connection

Accuracy Verified: Yes

398. Leeds, A. (2007, June). Improving self-regulation and social functioning for survivors of early emotional neglect and abuse with positive affect tolerance and integration protocol: A case series. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Survivors of early emotional neglect experience pervasive difficulties including vulnerability to adult psychiatric disorders and inability to regulate emotional states (Schore, 1996, 1997, 2000, 2001a, 2001b; Teicher, 2000, 2002; Teicher et al, 1993; Teicher et al., 1997). Their inability to regulate emotional states is not solely linked to effects of adverse events, but is significantly linked to insufficient exposure to normal, developmental attachment sequences that foster capacities for self-regulation.
A subset of adult survivors of early, pervasive, emotional neglect who meet full or partial criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder also present with comorbid Cluster C Axis II symptoms (Avoidant, Dependent, Obsessive-Compulsive) and meet criteria for dismissing (or fearful) insecure attachment (Cassidy & Shaver, 1999; Main, 1996).
Clinical assessment reveals these patients have low tolerance for positive interpersonal emotions and engage in defensive strategies to dismiss, minimize, deny or subtly avoid experiencing and assimilating this positive emotional states into their internal model of self. These strategies include overt and covert behavioral avoidance as well as dissociate defenses. Paradoxically, these patients may show superficial characteristics or competence, interpersonal skills, or emotional stability which on closer examination prove to be fragile or which collapse in the face of social stressors.
The general theoretical base for the Positive Affect Tolerance and Integration (PAT) protocol is related to McCullough’s (1996, 2003) model of affect phobia and recognizes McCullough’s emphasis on an anxiety regulating, titrated approach to developing tolerance for adaptive affect and associated coping behaviors. Putnam’s (1997) discrete behavioral states model provides an important conceptual framework for understanding these patients’ needs to gradually develop new discrete behavioral (psychophysiological and affective) states and new pathways (schemes and scripts) fostering access to these shared positive states often as a crucial early phase of treatment to help resolve their impairments in emotional self-regulation.
This presentation describes the use of standard EMDR procedural steps in a treatment plan that postpones the standard three pronged (past, present, future) PTSD protocol, but which is consistent with the consensus model for Complex PTSD (Brown, Scheflin & Hammond, 1998; Chu, 1998; Courtois, 1999; Hart, Nijenhuis, Steele, 2006) and other EMDR approaches focused initially on improving response to current stimuli (Hoffman, 2004; Leeds & Korn, 1998; Leeds & Shapiro, 2000) before attempting to target childhood traumatic memories. Targets for PAT are recent experiences in which the patient was exposed to positive, shared, interpersonal emotional states. The purposes for applying PAT to these targets are: to decrease defensive avoidance; dissociation and anxiety about shared positive emotional states; to increase capacity to tolerate and enjoy these shared positive emotional states; and to integrate these shared positive emotional states into positive schemas and self-concepts. Observed clinical gains following PAT included: improved mood and resilience, and decreased depersonalization during subsequent use of EMDR to reprocess traumatic memories.
The goal in presenting this “Positive Affect Tolerance and Integration Protocol” case series is to encourage research to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of this application of the standard EMDR procedures for a clinical subpopulation generally considered challenging to treat.

Keywords: Affect Tolerance Poster Self-Regulation Social Functioning

Accuracy Verified: Yes

399. Bluthgen, C., & Pomeranec, E. (2007, Novembro). Incidencia del trauma temprano en conflictos de pareja [Impact of trauma early in marital conflict] . Apresentação no I Congresso Ibero-Americano de EMDR, Brasilia, Brasil.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Objetivos de aprendizagem: • Este trabajo enfoca el impacto de experiencias traumáticas tempranas, especialmente abuso sexual infantil, en relaciones de pareja disfuncionales y en el conflicto marital.

Aprendizagem objectives: • This study addresses the impact of experiences early traumatic, especially child sexual abuse in relationships dysfunctional and marital conflict.

Keywords: Marital Conflict

Accuracy Verified: Yes

400. Frustaci, A., Pozzi, G., Aurigemma, C., La Rosa, C., Lanza, G., Fernandez, I., & Ruggeri, G. (2006, Febbraio). Indicatori di cambiamento in pazienti con disturbi da eventi stressanti: Impiego della heart rate variability [Indicators of change in patients with disorders of stressful events: Use of heart rate variability]. Poster presentato al XI Congresso SOPSI (Società Italiana di Psicopatologia), Roma, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Introduzione: i pazienti traumatizzati presentano alterazioni sintomatiche quali intrusività, evitamento ed aumentato arousal, che ostacolerebbe la possibilità di elaborazione/integrazione delle tracce mnesiche, oltre ad esprimersi a livello periferico. Tecniche specifiche di trattamento sembrano promuovere l’elaborazione/integrazione delle memorie traumatiche, tra cui la Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). Nella ricerca valutativa è quindi necessario affiancare alle scale psicologiche un appropriato indicatore biologico di attivazione neurovegetativa. La variabilità della frequenza cardiaca (Heart Rate Variability – HRV) esprime l’integrità funzionale del sistema neurovegetativo in risposta allo stress e può essere misurata nei domini di tempo o di frequenza. Lo studio della HRV è stato applicato in psichiatria ai disturbi d’ansia (panico, DOC, PTSD) e dell’umore (depressione unipolare) in ricerche trasversali (confronto con controlli sani) e longitudinali di trattamento farmacologico (triciclici, SSRIs) ma in pochi casi a trattamenti psicoterapici. Gli AA. valutano l’impiego della HRV come indicatore biologico nel trattamento psicoterapeutico di pazienti con Disturbo dell’adattamento erdurante da oltre un mese dopo l’esposizione ad eventi vitali stressanti (EVS). Metodi: sono stati reclutati 6 soggetti (M/F = 1/5, età 40,5 ± 11,0) esposti ad EVS ed avviati a ciclo di trattamento psicoterapico breve (4-6 sedute a cadenza settimanale) di tipo specifico (EMDR) o generico (colloqui supportivi). Costituivano criteri di esclusione: età < 18 o > 65 anni; comorbilità psichiatrica, neurologica e cardiologica; uso di farmaci interferenti. Le valutazioni psicopatologiche sono state eseguite al reclutamento (TBASE: colloquio anamnestico, MINI, Brief COPE), a inizio e fine ciclo di trattamento (TINI, TFINE: IES, SCL-90-R), a uno e tre mesi di follow-up (T30, T90: IES, SCL-90-R, Brief COPE). Le registrazioni Holter sono state effettuate ad ogni intervallo valutativo coprendo: 60 min. attività libera, 10 min. tilt-test, 3-5 min. ascolto dell’evento traumatico, 30-45 min. seduta psicoterapica. Sono stati impiegati test statistici non parametrici per l’analisi delle correlazioni (Spearman) e delle differenze (Wilcoxon). Risultati preliminari: vengono valutate le correlazioni a TINI e le variazioni T90 vs. TINI. Sono significative le seguenti correlazioni: ansia fobica SCL e SDNN (dev. standard intervalli R-R) [r = + 0,9; p = ,037]; collera-ostilità SCL e SDNN [r = -0,95; p =.014]; depressione SCL e r-MSSD (radice media somma quadrati diff. R-R) [r = + 0,9; p = ,037]; sint. intrusivi IES e LF (basse frequenze) [r = -0,9; p = ,037]. Sono risultate statisticamente significative le seguenti variazioni: IES totale [Z = -1,99; p = ,046], sintomi intrusivi IES [Z = -2,21; p = ,027], sintomi di evitamento IES [Z = -1,99; p = ,046], ideazione paranoide SCL [Z = -2,21; p = ,027]; R-R, LF e LF/HF (rapporto basse/alte frequenze) durante ascolto evento [Z = -2,02; p = ,043]. Discussione: a livello basale gli indicatori HRV di distress vegetativo correlano positivamente con collera-ostilità e sintomi intrusivi, negativamente con ansia e depressione. Anche dopo tre mesi dalla fine del trattamento gli interventi psicoterapeutici tendono a ridurre i punteggi sintomatici, e migliorano il bilancio simpato-vagale durante il riascolto dell’evento traumatico.

Introduction: trauma patients have symptomatic changes such as intrusiveness, avoidance and increased arousal, which hampers the development / integration of memory traces, as well as speak at the peripheral level. Specific techniques of treatment seem to promote the formulation and integration of traumatic memories, including eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). In evaluation research is therefore necessary to combine psychological scales appropriate indicator organic autonomic activation. The heart rate variability (Heart Rate Variability - HRV) expresses functional integrity of the autonomic nervous system in response stress and can be measured in time or frequency domains. The study of HRV has been applied in psychiatric disorders anxiety (panic, DOC, PTSD) and mood (unipolar depression) in cross-disciplinary (compared with healthy controls) and longitudinal drug treatment (tricyclic SSRIs), but in a few cases in psychotherapeutic treatment. The AA. evaluate the use of HRV as a biological indicator in the psychotherapeutic treatment of patients with adjustment disorder erdurante more than a month after exposure to stressful life events (EVS). Methods: 6 subjects were recruited (M / F = 1 / 5, age 40.5 ± 11.0) exposed to EVS and initiated treatment cycle psychotherapeutic short (4-6 sessions weekly) type specific (EMDR) or generic (hearing supported). Exclusion criteria were: age <18 or> 65 years, psychiatric comorbidity, neurological and cardiological, use of drugs interfering. Psychopathological assessments were performed at recruitment (TBASE: anamnestic interview, MINI, Brief COPE) at the beginning and end of treatment cycle (TINI, TFINE: IES, SCL-90-R) in a three-month follow-up (T30, T90: IES, SCL-90-R, Brief COPE). Holter recordings were made at each interval evaluation covering: 60 min. free activity, 10 min. tilt-test, 3-5 min. listening to the traumatic event, 30-45 minutes. psychotherapy session. Were used nonparametric statistical tests for analysis correlations (Spearman) and differences (Wilcoxon). Preliminary results: the correlations are evaluated and changes TINI vs. T90. TINI. Significant correlations are the following: SCL phobic anxiety and SDNN (standard dev. RR intervals) [r = + 0.9, p =, 037]; anger-hostility SCL SDNN [r = -0.95, p =. 014]; SCL depression r-mssd (root mean square sum diff. RR) [r = + 0.9, p =, 037]; sint. IES intrusive and LF (low frequency) [r = -0.9, P =, 037]. Were statistically significant, the following changes: IES total [Z = -1.99, p =, 046], IES intrusive symptoms [Z = -2.21, p =, 027], symptoms of avoidance IES [Z = -1.99, p =, 046] , SCL paranoid [Z = -2.21, p =, 027], RR, LF and LF / HF ratio (low / high frequencies) while listening event [Z = -2.02, p =, 043]. Discussion: At baseline HRV indicators of distress correlated positively with growing anger-hostility, and intrusive symptoms, negatively with anxiety and depression. Even after three months of the end of psychotherapeutic treatment interventions aimed at reducing symptom scores and enhance sympathetic vagal balance during the playback of the traumatic event.

Keywords: Heart Rate Variability Poster Stress Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

401. O'Malley, A. (2009, March). Infant mental health & EMDR. Symposium conducted at the 7th annual Conference of the EMDR UK & Ireland Association, Manchester, UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The watch wait and wonder (www) approach to parental and infant mental health was developed in Toronto over the last 20 years. In the last few years a number of therapists have set up www clinics in the UK. We have been running a joint EMDR and www clinic in the North West since Jan 2007. As far as we know this is the only clinic to offer trauma focussed psychotherapy together with infant mental health in either the UK or Ireland. Infant brain development occurs sequentially implying vulnerabilities during the early years of life. This has a direct relationship on attunement, which is influenced by developmental neglect and trauma. The effects of this trauma for EMDR therapy are explored. New information about the probable mechanism of action of the bilateral stimulation used in EMDR is presented. The mechanism of translating sensory input into new neuronal patterns is explained. The hypothesis of a ‘window of tolerance’ in trauma is mentioned with the reasons why EMDR can help alleviate trauma by expanding the window of tolerance. An additional model of applying EMDR is outlined. This involves multilateral activation of sympathetic nervous systems to consciously overcome traumas. This process will be shown to lead to brainstem stimulation activating the cranial nerves, which innervate the ocular muscles generating rapid eye movement. This approach involves motor and sensory integration at the level of the 12 cranial nerves. Some case examples using bilateral olfactory desensitisation are discussed. Recommendations for the development of parent infant mental health services within the NHS are outlined

Keywords: Infants Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

402. Hoffman, S., & Laub, B. (2006). Innovative interventions in psychotherapy. Boca Raton, FL: Universal-Publishers.

Language: English

Format: Book

Abstract:
The present volume unquestionably constitutes a significant contribution to clinical literature. The case reports, with their descriptions of many types of therapeutic interventions and combinations of interventions in dealing with a wide variety of difficulties presented by different patients and patient groups, as well as the discussions of important topics in psychotherapy, add to our knowledge of the many facets of psychotherapy, enrich our understanding of the treatment process, and deepen our appreciation of the importance of therapeutic sensitivity and flexibility.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

403. Yang, Y. (2005, June). An integrated grief-focused intervention after the death of a chief teacher. In Psychotrauma and EMDR in China and Slovakia, Part 1. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Brussels, Belgium.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
During the SARS outbreak in 2003, a chief middle school teacher in Beijing unfortunately died of the disease. After her death, her students and colleagues fell into a state of emotional and behavioral disturbance. We describe in this paper a grief-focused intervention program offered by the community-based youth hotline crisis intervention group and the school counselor. In particular, the paper focuses on describing in detail a group based intervention program for the affected students, including its administrative structure, therapeutic objectives and interventions, and group process. The intervention protocol was designed by combining cognitive behavior and social therapy with some adapted skills of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). It was found that stabilization and installation were strongly significant in helping the students to recover from this traumatic event by focusing on positive resources. We argue that in the Chinese cultural context, it is most important to build such an integrated crisis intervention scheme to cope with such an event.

Keywords: China Grief Psychotrauma Slovakia Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

404. Brown, S., & Gilman, S. (2007). An integrated trauma treatment program (ITTP) in the Thurston County Drug Court Program: Program summary - An integrated trauma treatment program (EMDR and seeking safety) as an enhancement in the Thurson County drug court program. Author.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
The prevalence of co-occurring Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Substance Use Disorder (SUD) in the criminal justice system is a serious issue for both men and women. The inattention to trauma before, during, and after involvement in the criminal justice system is problematic. Some research suggests that trauma-related disorders among those with SUD negatively affect post-incarceration outcomes (Kubiak, 2004). Therefore, from a practice and policy perspective, interventions addressing these co-occurring disorders should be made available to men and women within the criminal justice system. Current research recommends a phased and integrated treatment approach for co-occurring PTSD and SUD. SAMHSA (2005) reports that the integration of substance abuse treatment and mental health services for persons with co-occurring disorders (COD) has become a major treatment initiative. The specific Integrated Trauma Treatment Program (ITTP) described in this report is one possible treatment approach for this challenging population. This report will outline the rationale for the ITTP implemented in the Thurston County Drug Court Program (TCDCP) in Olympia, WA. In addition, it is hoped that results from this project will be considered when making policy recommendations for Drug Courts and other programs in the criminal justice system, as well as other public and private substance abuse treatment settings.

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Substance Use Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

405. Parnell, L. (2010, September/October). Integrating an attachment repair orientation into EMDR treatment for clients with relational trauma. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR International Association, Minneapolis, MN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Clients who have experienced childhood traumas that have impacted their sense of safety and capacity to form close emotional relationships in adulthood require adjustments to the EMDR phases and procedural steps. These relational traumas can include childhood physical or sexual abuse, neglect, early losses, birth trauma, medical trauma, caregiver misattunement and vicarious trauma. In order for EMDR therapists to be most successful with this population it is important to incorporate an attachment repair orientation into the therapy. Through lecture, case examples, and video clips, participants will learn how an attachment-repair orientation can be integrated into all phases of EMDR treatment.

Keywords: Attachment Repair Orientation Relational Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

406. D'Hooghe, D. (2012, June). Integrating attachment theory and the AIP model in working with early childhood trauma in an attachment relationship [La integración de la teoría del apego y el modelo AIP al trabajar sobre el trauma infantil precoz dentro de una relación de apego]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In this presentation I would emphasize the relationship between attachment, trauma and the development of the AMN (adaptive memory network). From a psychobiological point of view, we understand that early relational experiences shape brain growth and organization and that the major environmental influence on the development of the brain is the attachment relationship. Reductions in brain volume and dysfunctional memory networks following traumatic experiences in early childhood are documented. When there is a distressing incident, it may become stored in state-‐specific form, unable to connect with other memory networks that hold adaptive information. The research of the neurobiology of the social brain and the mirror neuron system let us assume that the AMN is developing in the presence of an attuned caretaker. Healing traumatic memories is relational and procedural. I use EMDR within the Phase-‐ model of trauma-‐informed treatment. During the preparation phase (phase 1 and 2 EMDR protocol) I would like to stress the importance of: • evaluating the attachment pattern of the child. It affects how the child relates to the therapist. Establishing a healing therapeutic relationship is a goal of phase 2. • the activation of networks containing adaptive information and positive memories • increasing coping abilities, self-‐efficacy and sense of mastery. That may result in reduction of the fear responses and enabling changes in the meaning of the experiences, and a new memory can be formed.

En esta presentación, queremos enfatizar la relación que existe entre apego, trauma y desarrollo de la red adaptativa de memoria (AMN). Desde un punto de vista psicológico, entendemos que una temprana experiencia relacional forma el cerebro y hace crecer la organización y consideramos que la principal influencia ambiental del desarrollo del cerebro es la relación de apego. Las reducciones en el tamaño del volumen del cerebro y las redes de memoria disfuncionales seguidas de experiencias traumáticas en la infancia están documentadas. Cuando existe un evento vital estresante, puede ser almacenado en una forma específica de estado, impidiendo conectar con otras redes de memoria que retienen la información adaptativa. La investigación de la neurobiología del cerebro social y el sistema de neuronas espejo, nos permite asumir que la AMN se desarrolla en presencia de un cuidador acostumbrado. Sanar recuerdos traumáticos es relacional y referente al procesamiento. Yo uso EMDR dentro del modelo-‐fase del tratamiento para el trauma informado por el paciente. Tratamiento del modelo de fase para el trauma informado: Durante la preparación fase (fase 1 y 2 del protocolo EMDR) me gustaría recalcar la importancia de: -‐ Evaluar el patrón de apego del niño. Que afecta en como el niño se relaciona con el terapeuta. -‐ La activación de redes que contienen información adaptativa y recuerdos positivos. -‐ Incremento de las habilidades de afrontamiento, autoeficacia y autocontrol. Esto puede conllevar una reducción de las respuestas de miedo e inhibir cambios en significado de las experiencias y puede llevar a la formación de un nuevo recuerdo.

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP Attachment Theory Childhood Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

407. Scholom, J. (2009). Integrating eating disorders treatment into the the early phases of the EMDR protocol. In R. Shapiro (Ed.), EMDR Solutions II: For depression, eating disorders, performance, and more (1st Ed.) (pp. 114-128). New York, NY: W. W. Norton & Co..

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Keywords: Eating Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

408. Knudsen, N. J. (2007). Integrating EMDR and Bowen Theory in treating chronic relationship dysfunction. In F. Shaprio, F. W. Kaslow, & L. Maxfield (Eds.), Handbook of EMDR and family therapy processes (pp.169-186). Hoboken,. xxxiii, 470 pp.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
The concept of Chronic Relationship Dysfunction was developed by the author to describe the experience of those who are unable to find and maintain a healthy relationship with a mate and who feel considerable related emotional distress. The types of experiences that people with this problem typically present in a clinical setting include the inability to make any meaningful contact with an appropriate partner and making a series of poor choices so that no relationship lasts. Clients seeking treatment for relationship problems can be effectively treated using a Bowen family systems perspective (Bowen, 1978; Kerr & Bowen, 1988) as the theoretical backdrop for understanding the bigger relational context. In addition, the Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) model (Shapiro, 2001) can be used to understand the physiological link between critical early life experiences and current dysfunction. Together these theories provide a cohesive theoretical base and integrative treatment approach for use with clients with chronic relationship dysfunction. The AIP model and the Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) approach address current symptoms such as chronic relationship dysfunction by allowing the individual to reprocess the old material, thus integrating it with current information. The treatment model described here utilizes the basic structure of the EMDR protocol with the clinical application of Bowen Theory at certain key times. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing Model AIP Bowen Theory Chronic Relationship Dysfunction Cognitive Processes Family Systems Theory Interpersonal Relationships Models

Accuracy Verified: Yes

409. Forgash, C., & Knipe J. (2012). Integrating EMDR and ego state treatment for clients with trauma disorders. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 6(3), 120-128. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.6.3.120.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This article is an excerpt from Healing the Heart of Trauma and Dissociation with EMDR and Ego State Therapy (edited by Carol Forgash and Margaret Copeley, 2007, pp. 1-59). The preparation phase of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is very important in the therapy of multiply traumatized clients with complex posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and dissociative symptoms. EMDR clinicians who treat clients with complex trauma will benefit from learning specific readiness and stabilization interventions that are inherent to Phase 1 of a well-accepted phased trauma-treatment model. Extending the preparation phase of EMDR by including these interventions provides sequential steps for the development of symptom-management skills and increased stability. Additional focus is placed on helping clients work with their ego state system to develop boundaries, cooperative goals, and healthier attachment styles. Following an individually tailored preparation phase, the processing of long-held traumatic memory material becomes possible.

Keywords: C-PTSD Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Complex PTSD Dissociative Disorders Ego State Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

410. Talan, B. S. (2007). Integrating EMDR and imago relationship therapy in couple treatment. In F. Shaprio, F. W. Kaslow, & L. Maxfield (Eds.), Handbook of EMDR and family therapy processes (pp. 187-201). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Imago Relationship Therapy (IRT; Hendrix, 1996, 2001) is designed to process negative experiences to heal early wounds of childhood, resolve marital conflict and criticism, and increase connection and intimacy. The goal of treatment is for the partners to become individually whole and conscious and an "intentional couple"; this concept emphasizes the importance of making conscious and deliberate choices rather than being reactive. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR; Shapiro, 1995, 2001) is a psychotherapy created to access and process the disturbing memories and deep wounds of childhood and bring them to adaptive resolution (Shapiro, 2001; Shapiro & Maxfield, 2002). In the integrative therapy approach described in this chapter, IRT is used to organize the approach to therapy, identify unprocessed targets for EMDR processing, facilitate communication between the partners, and help couples become less reactive and more intentional, separate and ultimately more connected. Advantages of integrating EMDR and IRT may include faster and deeper resolution of early childhood wounds and trauma and increased compassion and intimacy, enabling the couple to establish a healing connection, which breaks the symbiosis created in early childhood. Separation due to personal growth allows the couple to honor each other's differences and often results in greater connection. The integration of EMDR with IRT appears to provide more comprehensive desensitization, reprocessing, and healing than either of these therapies might provide individually. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Conflict Couples Couples Therapy Couple Treatment Imago Relationship Therapy Integrative Psychotherapy Integrative Therapy Approach Marriage Counseling

Accuracy Verified: Yes

411. Bergmann, U. (2003, May). Integrating EMDR into specific therapeutical approaches - Personality disorders as variants of dissociative phenomena: Treatment with an integration of the EMDR and ego state work. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Rome, Italy.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The integration of EMDR with Ego State therapy will be presented as a comprehensive approach to the treatment of the wide spectrum of personality disorders. The histories of these clients often include early repeat experiences of abuse, deprivation, abandonment, and parental coldness. Historically, the treatment of personality disorders has been described as difficult, if not impossible; manifested by a rigid character armor, defensive resistance. This presentation will propose that the presence of untreated dissociation accounts for these failures and will highlight the use of ego-mapping, exploration, interweaves and the utilization of ego-state-specific EMDR protocols to facilitate robust processing.

Keywords: Dissociation Ego State Therapy Personality Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

412. Grand, D. (1996, June). Integrating EMDR into the psychodynamic treatment process. EMDRIA Newsletter, 1(1), 14-16.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
EMDR was originally developed utilizing cognitive therapy theories and constructions (i.e., cognitive/behavior restructuring, information processing, rating scales) (Shapiro, 1995). Accordingly, the relevance and potential applications of psychodynamic concepts to EMDR went largely unnoticed. However, Dr. Shapiro formed the concept ‘syclectic’ (synthesis of the eclectic) as she recognized the analytic contributions to EMDR such as the significance of early childhood memories, the unconscious, free association, insight, catharsis, abreaction, and symbolism (Shapiro, 1995). In face, a psychodynamic therapist incorporating EMDR into his or her technique cannot help but learn and recognize the value of many cognitive ideas and practices. The same holds true for cognitive practitioners who can discover that the use of EMDR opens to them the shadowy word so familiar to the analyst. Accordingly, EMDR lies at the confluence of two great rivers of thought which is further evidence of its profound nature.

Keywords: Psychodynamic Syclectic

Accuracy Verified: Yes

413. Darker-Smith, S. (2008, June). Integrating emotion for attached-disordered and dissociated children. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The accessibility of emotions in children with attachment disorders is known to be complex at best. This presentation looks at a new method of enabling children disassociating from emotions with severe attachment disorder and complex, traumatic histories to access emotions using the installation phase of EMDR. For teaching purposes, this presentation will use real-life cases of 4 attachment disordered children where none of the children were able to access emotions and were attachment disordered. The children were aged between 12 to 13 years of age and all had a diagnosis of attachment disorder, co-morbid with post traumatic stress disorder. Most of the children did not experience emotions directly. Using the installation phase of EMDR within the context of a one-to-one therapy session, each child was asked to focus on a particular emotion and focus on where in their body they experienced any feelings, which may be associated to that emotion. The children began to describe complex emotions, which they had never previously expressed, prior to this. An example of one childï¿½s experience follows: ï¿½I feel sad in my heart. It feels cold ï¿½ as if someone has smashed it into a thousand bitsï¿½ï¿½. Following on this, all the children were also encouraged to sit with their new emotions and not to be afraid of them. One child stated: ï¿½It feels good to be sad. When I cry ï¿½ that stops my heart hurting so much and the tears make the glue to fix my broken heart.ï¿½ So far, we have not experienced an unsuccessful outcome; however, this method is still in the early stages of being developed.

Keywords: Attachment Disorders Dissociation Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

414. Young, J., & Zangwill, W. (1995, June). Integrating schema-focused therapy & EMDR. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Dr. Young has developed an integrative model that seems especialy appropriate for combining with EMDR. According to the theory proposed, eighteen Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMS) are at the core of personality disorders. An EMS is defined as an extremely broad, pervasive theme regarding oneself and one's relationship with others, developed during childhood and elaborated throughout one's lifetime, and dysfunctional to a significant degree. Shapiro's concept of childhood file folders would be analogous to the concept of schemas. These eighteen schemas are primarily unconscious but can be brought to awareness through various strategies, especially EMDR. This presentation will demonstrate how to integrate the use of Schema-Focused therapy with EMDR. In this model, Schema- Focused therapy serves as the primary conceptual framework for working with the client while EMDR is seen as the primary change technique. The first step in this process is a thorough history taking looking for both traumatic life events and the client's underlying vulnerabilities and schemas. History taking is accomplished both through client interviews and the use of Lazarus' Multimodal Life History Questionnaire. The Schema Questionnaire and the Parent Questionnaire developed by Young are given and scored. As part of this process, the therapist attempts to help the client discriminate memories representing primary trauma versus memories that represent life long issues. The EMDR model eliciting infonmtion - asking the client about specific events and problems, then obtaining Pictures, Negative and Positive Cognitions, Affect and Body Sensations as well as SUDS and VOC ratings - is used as soon as the client is comfortable. Collecting information this way without the use of Eye Movements has been shown to be a very effective way of tapping into the neural network where related memories are stored. The grouping of these memories often appears to be along such schema lines as Vulnerability, Defectiveness, Abandonment, etc. As the therapeutic relationship develops, clients are educated about EMDR and schemas. The last part of this process is the Case Conceptualization. This involves putting together the information from history taking, the schema questionnaire and the parent questionnaire and the client's in-session behavior to formulate a useful picture of client problems, likely problem origins, and recommended change techniques. Knowing what issues/themes your client is vulnerable to, tells you where to start your EMDR exploration. It also helps suggests where to probe when processing stops, i.e., what blocking beliefs may be present, what type of cognitive interweave to use, etc. Once the case conceptualization is complete, EMDR is used as always. However, the use of Schema Focused therapy with EMDR broadens the scope of EMDR. 1) Cognitive Therapy for Personalitv Disorders: A Schema-Focused Approach. Revised Ed. Professional Resource Press, Sarasota, FL, (813)366-7913; 2) Reinventing Your Life, J. Young and J. Klosko. New York, Plume, 1994.

Keywords: Schema-Focused Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

415. Young, J., & Zangwill, W. M. (1996, June). Integrating schema-focused therapy with EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Dr. Young has developed an integrative model that seems especialy appropriate for combining with EMDR. According to the theory proposed, eighteen Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMS) are at the core of personality disorders. An EMS is defined as an extremely broad, pervasive theme regarding oneself and one's relationship with others, developed during childhood and elaborated throughout one's lifetime, and dysfunctional to a significant degree. Shapiro's concept of childhood file folders would be analogous to the concept of schemas. These eighteen schemas are primarily unconscious but can be brought to awareness through various strategies, especially EMDR. This presentation will demonstrate how to integrate the use of Schema-Focused therapy with EMDR. In this model, Schema- Focused therapy serves as the primary conceptual framework for working with the client while EMDR is seen as the primary change technique. The first step in this process is a thorough history taking looking for both traumatic life events and the client's underlying vulnerabilities and schemas. History taking is accomplished both through client interviews and the use of Lazarus' Multimodal Life History Questionnaire. The Schema Questionnaire and the Parent Questionnaire developed by Young are given and scored. As part of this process, the therapist attempts to help the client discriminate memories representing primary trauma versus memories that represen life long issues. The EMDR model eliciting information - asking the client about specific events and problems, then obtaining Pictures, Negative and Positive Cognitions, Affect and Body Sensations as well as SUDS and VOC ratings - is used as soon as the client is comfortable. Collecting information this way without the use of Eye Movements has been shown to be a very effective way of tapping into the neural network where related memories are stored. The grouping of these memories often appears to be along such schema lines as Vulnerability, Defectiveness, Abandonment, etc. As the therapeutic relationship develops, clients are educated about EMDR and schemas. The last part of this process is the Case Conceptualization. This involves putting together the infonmtion from history taking, the schema questionnaire and the parent questionnaire and the client's in-session behavior to formulate a useful picture of client problems, likely problem origins, and recommended change techniques. Knowing what issues/themes your client is vulnerable to, tells you where to start your EMDR exploration. It also helps suggests where to probe when processing stops, i.e., what blocking beliefs may be present, what type of cognitive interweave to use, etc. Once the case conceptualization is complete, EMDR is used as always. However, the use of Schema Focused therapy with EMDR broadens the scope of EMDR. 1)Cognitive Therapy for Personality Disorders: A Schema-Focused Approach. Revised Ed. Professional Resource Press, Sarasota, FL, (813) 366-7913 2)Reinventing Your Life, J. Young and J. Klosko. New York, Plume, 1994.

Keywords: Schema-Focused Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

416. Paulsen, S. L. (2007, September). Integrating somatic interventions and EMDR: Keeping it AIP “legal”. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Dallas, TX.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Shapiro’s contributions include not only the discovery of the role of eye movements, but the development of the eight-phases for safety and effectiveness and Adaptive Information Processing theory. In tandem, advances in the neurobiology of trauma have resulted in somatic interventions for treating trauma. This workshop will: 1) summarize theory behind somatic interventions and its relationship to AIP theory; 2) identify defining elements of somatic interventions and; 3) identify where in the eight-step process of EMDR specific somatic elements can be utilized while maintaining the integrity of EMDR.

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP Eight Phases Eye Movements Somatic Interventions

Accuracy Verified: Yes

417. Norcross, N. C., & Shapiro, F. (2002). Integration and EMDR. In F. Shapiro (Ed.), EMDR as an integrative psychotherapy approach: Experts of diverse orientations explore the paradigm prism (1st ed.) (pp. 341-356). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
EMDR is a psychotherapy phenomenon that has been confronted with multiple paradoxes. Its title explicitly invokes “eye movements,” but the extant research now suggests that eye movements are not the only means of invoking the central mechanism of therapeutic action (see Shapiro, 1995, 2001). The early EMDR training was criticized as closed and unduly restrictive, yet the formal training course has now been completed by more than 30,000 mental health professionals. The EMDR procedure emerged from personal observations outside the scientific academy, yet EMDR is currently the most extensively researched treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; Maxfield & Hyer, 2002; Van Etten & Taylor, 1998). And EMDR originated from a rather narrow behavioral orientation but has evolved into a leading integrative treatment.

Keywords: Psychotherapy Psychotherapy Integration

Accuracy Verified: Yes

418. Konuk, E., & Epozdemir, H. (2010, June). The integration of EMDR and brief strategic therapy. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Directives and strategic interventions were used in therapy for the first time almost half a century ago by a small number of 'communication researchers' at MRI (Mental Research institute) in Palo Alto. California. First time in the history of therapy, the therapist was not alone with the dent in the therapy room. He began inviting to the sessions the family members. people who are contributing to the problem and people who will come up and help to find solutions. The radical difference was that; The Palo Alto Group was not preoccupied with searching the reasons why there is a problem. Their emphasis was to find a solution to the problems the individual or the family is having. Therefore they always asked how change is possible. Another major shift in therapy was that: they focused not on the "intra-psychic" phenomena but on the relationships. Hence the terms 'interactional' and 'systemic'. They assumed that, if you can manage to change the interaction (behavior) or the system (how the family gets organized around the problem) you can overcome the problem. Another contribution was that the new map or the new paradigm was large enough to allow the therapist to incorporate and use varieties of techniques that belong to other approaches without any confusion. In '50s and '60s therapy used to take couple of sessions a week for many years. The Interactional or the Systemic approach heaped reduce the number of sessions per client to an average of 7-15 sessions. They coined the term 'Brief' to described their approach. Traditionally the new approach took several names: Interactional Therapy, Family Therapy, Brief Strategic Family Therapy, Systemic Family Therapy, Solution Focus Therapy and some others. One of the approaches that Family and Marriage Therapists integrate efficiently into their practice is EMDR. Especially when trauma is particularly having a role in the formation of the problem, then EMDR 18 a "life saver" for the therapist. Our learning objectives are: 1. to describe basic principles and techniques of EMDR and Brief Strategic Family Therapy 2 to explain the rationale of integrating EMDR and BSFT 3 to demonstrate skills on designing and implementing an intervention. The innovative view which stands behind this workshop is that the BSFT and EMDR can be efficiently integrated, which has not been frequentiy addressed in previous literature. At times the therapist may need to intervene in the process by using interventions other than BSFT EMDR very nicely serves this purpose without causing any mental confusion on the part of the therapist and the client.

Keywords: Brief Strategic Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

419. Woller, W. (2011, June). Integration von EMDR in tiefenpsychologische therapien [Integration of EMDR in deep psychological therapies]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Vienna, Austria.

Language: German

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Der Workshop beschäftigt sich mit Fragen der Integration von EMDR in ein psychodynamisches Therapiesetting. Zum einen kann EMDR sinnvoll mit psychodynamischer Therapie kombiniert werden, wenn bei komplexen posttraumatischen Belastungsstörungen Symptome einer PTSD zusammen mit depressiven, dissoziativen, somatoformen und anderen Symptomen auftreten. Daneben finden sich verschiedene andere Anwendungsmöglichkeiten von EMDR im Rahmen psychodynamischer Therapien, bspw. wenn dysfunktionale Erinnerungsnetzwerke die Wirkungsweise klarifizierender, konfrontierender und deutender Interventionen blockieren. Dies gilt für Anpassungsstörungen ebenso wie fixierte, aber verhaltenssteuernde negative Selbstkognitionen und für psychosomatisch abgewehrte implizite Emotionen im Rahmen somatoformer Störungen. Schließlich können ressourcenaktivierende Interventionen im Rahmen des EMDR den Aufbau von Ich-Funktionen bei Strukturpathologien unterstützen.

The workshop will focus on integration of EMDR in a psychodynamic therapy setting. First, EMDR can be usefully combined with psychodynamic therapy, which may arise in complex post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms of PTSD with depressive, dissociative, somatoform and other symptoms. In addition, various other applications of EMDR in related psychodynamic therapies, for example, if dysfunctional memory block the operation of networks klarifizierender, confrontational and interpretive interventions. This applies for adjustment disorders as well as fixed, but behavior-controlling negative self-cognitions and psychosomatic thwarted emotions implicit in the context of somatoform disorders. Finally, support resource-activating interventions of EMDR the development of ego functions in structural pathologies.

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Psychodyamic Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

420. Korn, D. (1995, June). Integrative and strategic utilization of EMDR in treating survivors of sexual abuse. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This presentation will focus on integrating EMDR into an overall treatment plan and utilizing EMDR in conjunction with other cognitive behavioral approaches. Strategic utilization of EMDR to move clients through the various stages of recovery will be discussed. 1) In the first stage of treatment, safety, stabilization, coping, and development of a strong therapeutic relationship are emphasized. Treatment focuses on decreasing (1) suicidal and parasuicidal behavior, (2) treatment - interfering behavior, and (3) quality-of-life-interfering behavior (Linehan, 1993). Efforts are made to assist the client in developing a repertoire of cognitive-behavioral coping skills; relevant skills address grounding, trigger awareness, basic self - care, mindfullness, distress tolerance, affect regulation, assertiveness, relaxation, self - monitoring, stress inoculation, and cognitive restructuring. At this stage, EMDR can be used to shift negative cognitions which interfere with commitment to treatment, skill development, and the restoration of hope. The following are examples of negative cognitions whlch interfere with first stage stabilization goals: - I will only get acknowledgment of my pain if I act out. - I don't deserve to feel better. - If I take care of myself, no one will know I hurt. - I'm pathetic, a failure. - I will die/go crazy fiom these feelings. - I can never do anything right. - I can't stand this feeling. I must cut myself. - Don't trust anyone or anything. Newly learned information about coping can be reinforced and further integrated in the course of an EMDR session. Clients can be encouraged to notice their ability to tolerate affect and to practice their assertiveness skills, grounding skills, mindfulness skills, etc. 2) In the second stage of treatment, the focus is on processing traumatic memories and decreasing behaviors related to post-traumatic stress. EMDR interventions can be designed to assist clients with specific recovery tasks or issues: - fear/terror and associated avoidance - sense of powerlessnesshelplessness - responsibility/accountability - safety - self, others, environment - self-esteem/self as bad, defective, unlovable - lack of individuation - dependency - anger - grief/mouming - trust/mistrust - fear of abandonment - guilt/self-blame - shame/self-loathing With regard to each of these issues, maladaptive schemas can be addressed via effective cognitive interweave strategies. Ideas for supplementing EMDR work with written assignments, imagery exercises, recovery rituals, and planned in vivo exposure will be discussed. Strategies for handling possible problems, obstacles, or resistance at this stage will also be noted. Finally, the role of ongoing assessment and data collection in making decisions about EMDR targets will be addressed. 3) In the third stage of treatment, the emphasis is on personal development and increased connection with others. Recovery tasks and issues addressed via EMDR include: - Increasing intimacy and healthy connections - Increasing self-esteem - Increasing self-efficacy and sense of mastery - Reclaiming sexuality - Increasing self-efficacy and sense of mastery - Identity exploration and development - Establishing goals, initiating new projects, and taking reasonable risks At this stage, EMDR can be useful in detecting remnants of shame, fear, etc. In addition, EMDR can be used to reduce anxiety and increase confidence as a client sets his/her sights on the future and prepares to face new and challenging situations. EMDR can aid in the generalization of skills and adaptive schemas across time and place. It can facilitate the integration of a new, more positive and vital self-image. The presentation will conclude with a videotape case presentation highlighting relevant recovery tasks and issues in applying EMDR at a specific stage of treatment.

Keywords: Sexual Abuse Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

421. Hain, B., Micka, R., Wiegand, C., Hofmann, A., & Seidler, G. H. (2004, September). Integrierte traumaassoziierte kurzzeittherapie für akuttraumatisierte (INTAKT)1 - Ergebnisse einer pilot-studie zur wirksamkeit von ressourcenorientierter behandlung in der gruppe und EMDR [Integrated trauma associated short-term psychotherapy for acute traumatized patients (INTAKT ) - Results from a study including a small population (n=16) about the effectiveness of ressource-oriented treatment in groups in combination with EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing)]. Gruppenpsychotherapie und Gruppendynamik, 40(3), 277-296 .

Language: German

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Die INTAKT (Integrated traumaassociated kurzfristige Psychotherapie) eingeführt wurde, eine Intervention in einem "Ambulante Ressource-orientierten Gruppe" ARG für akute traumatisierten Patienten in Kombination mit EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization und die Wiederaufbereitung). Die Studie und die wichtigsten Ergebnisse ausgesetzt sind. Durch den Vergleich der Behandlungen "ARG" und "INTAKT" wird gezeigt, dass Interventionen Gruppe wirksam bei akuter-traumatisierten Patienten und hilfsbereit im Laufe der Behandlung sind. Für einige Patienten der Gruppe Interventionen führen zu einer signifikanten Reduktion Symptom. Für andere die stabilisierende Wirkung der "Ambulante Ressource-orientierten Gruppe" ermöglichen diesen Patienten zu einer frühen Übergang zu EMDR. Die Wirkung der INTAKT-Behandlung scheint zu sein, besser als die anderen Behandlungen.

The INTAKT (Integrated traumaassociated short-term psychotherapy) was introduced, a intervention in a "Ambulant Ressource-oriented Group" ARG for acute traumatized patients in combination with EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing). The study and the most important results are exposed. By comparing the treatments "ARG" and "INTAKT" is shown, that group interventions are effective for acute-traumatized patients and helpful in the course of the treatment. For some patients the group interventions lead to a significant symptom reduction. For others the stabilizing effects of the "Ambulant Ressource-oriented Group" enable these patients to a early transition to EMDR. The effect of the INTAKT-treatment seems to be superior to the other treatments.

Keywords: Adult Behavior Therapy Controlled Study Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Female Human Imagination Male Psychotherapy Psychotrauma Treatment Outcome

Accuracy Verified: Yes

422. Cottencin, O., & Doutrelugne, Y. (2009, Avril). Intérêt de l'EMDR dans la prise en charge des traumatismes psychiques [EMDR in the treatment of psychological trauma]. Journal International de Victimologie, 7(1), 1-8.

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