Francine Shapiro Library ~ EMDR Bibliography

Francine Shapiro Library - EMDR Bibliography Links

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Your Results - you searched for the keyword Dental Phobias 191 Results

1. 福井至 [Fukui Itaru]. (2008年6月). 恐怖症へのEMDRの適用―エクスポージャー法との併用について福井至 [Application of EMDR for phobias: Combination with exposure therapy] . こころのりんしょう第27巻02号 [Clinical Psychology: Various Aspects, 27(2), 271-276].

Language: Japanese

Format: Journal

Keywords: Exposure Therapy Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

2. 陳致豪 [Chen Chih-Hao]. (2004). 眼動減敏訊息再處理法中「眼動」與「正向認知」成分對於懼蟑症之療效眼動減敏訊息再處理法中「眼動」與「正向認知」成分對於懼蟑症之療效 [The efficacy of eye movement and positive cognition components of EMDR in the treatment of cockroach phobia]. 國立台灣大學心理學研究所 [National Taiwan University Graduate Institute of Psychology].

Language: Chinese

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
陳致豪眼動減敏訊息再處理法中「眼動」與「正向認知」成分對於懼蟑症之療效
眼動減敏訊息再處理法（Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing; EMDR）是Shapiro（1989a, 1989b）所發展的一套治療方法，最早被用來治療創傷後壓力疾患（post traumatic stress disorder; PTSD，後來也被認為對其他心理疾患具有療效。雖然Shapiro認為眼動程序可以加速訊息處理並降低個案的焦慮與困擾，不同治療變項的療效仍待由控制性研究法進一步釐清。本研究以部分減除（dismantling）的方式，運用實驗法來探討「眼動」與「正向認知」對懼蟑症治療效果的影響。藉2（有眼動、無眼動）× 2（正向認知、減敏延長）受試者間設計，探討單一治療次對懼蟑症者的治療效果。受試者為自大樣本篩選出的40名懼怕蟑螂的大學女生。研究結果顯示治療程序的主要效果顯著，四組的療效相當。在治療階段中，受試者主觀害怕程度、對負向認知之相信程度皆呈顯著的線性下降；對正向認知之相信程度則僅眼動組呈顯著線性上升。雖然生理指標（心跳速率）在前測時顯著較基線時高，而在後測時回復至接近基線水準，但就微觀歷程分析，治療階段中各組之心跳速率變化為，在第一階段內逐漸上升，階段間休息時心跳速率略為降低，在第二階段開始又逐漸上升。本研究結果亦顯示，就微觀的治療歷程（micro process）而言，在正向認知的治療情境中，僅眼動組的受試者對正向認知之相信程度逐漸提高。在治療效果上，雖曝露法（exposure）本身便具有療效；但眼動能夠進一步促進受試者第二階段中正向認知的相信程度（可能藉由促進訊息處理）。就巨觀的療效指標而言，雖然單一治療次在各組皆有顯著的療效，但是正向認知對療效的影響無組別差異，該療效指標可能需要較多的治療次始能反映出來。本研究亦就研究結果所顯示的意義與未來的研究方向提出討論

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR; Shapiro, 1989a, 1989b) was initially used to treat post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and later has been thought to be effective in treating other psychological disorders also. Shapiro suggested that eye movement procedure could accelerate information processing and further reduced the client’s anxiety and disturbance. However, psychotherapy evaluation regarding crucial therapeutic parameters awaits elucidation. This dismantling study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of eye movement and positive cognition on phobias. Specifically, via a 2×2 between subject design, with “eye movement/non eye movement” and “treatment process” being two independent variables, a total of 40 female university students with fear of cockroaches were screened and recruited from introductory psychology class to explore the treatment effect of those two components. The results showed that, according to macro therapeutic indices, the effect of therapy was significant, and was not significantly different among groups. As to micro treatment process, while the participants’ SUDs decreased linearly, and so did the negative cognition VOCs, the positive cognition VOCs increased linearly only for the eye movement condition. In addition, while for macro index, the physical index, heart rate, was significantly higher at pre-test than at baseline and returned to baseline at post-test, the process measures indicated that heart rate increased during the first treatment stage, returned during rest period, and increased again during the second treatment stage. According to the micro process, the results also suggested that when presented with positive cognition participants’ VOCs of positive cognitions increased only for the eye movement condition. As to the therapeutic effects, although exposure by itself might be effective, eye movement could further promote participants’ VOCs of positive cognitions at the second treatment stage, probably by facilitating information processing. Nonetheless, regarding macro therapeutic index, there were equal therapeutic effects across groups within one-session therapy, and the superiority of positive cognition installation remained obscure, which implied that to become obvious more sessions might be called for. The implications of the present results and further research possibilities are postulated.

Keywords: Cockroach Phobia Eye Movement Phobia Positive Cognition Psychotherapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

3. 陳致豪張素凰 [Chen Zhi-Hao, & Chang Sue-Hwang]. (2004年9月). 眼動減敏訊息再處理法中「眼動」與「正向認知」成分對於懼蟑症之療效國立台灣 [The efficacy of eye movement and positive cognition components of EMDR in the treatment of cockroach phobias]. 紙發表於第43屆年會台灣心理學會會議上，研討會焦慮症：心理素質，調解員和治療問題。政治大學，台北，台灣 [Presentation at the 43rd Annual Conferences on Taiwan Psychological Association, Symposium on Anxiety Disorders: Diatheses, Mediators and Therapeutic Implications. Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan].

Language: Chinese

Format: Conference

Abstract:
眼動減敏訊息再處理法（Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing; EMDR）是Shapiro（1989a, 1989b）所發展的一套治療方法，最早被用來治療創傷後壓力疾患（post traumatic stress disorder; PTSD，後來也被認為對其他心理疾患具有療效。雖然Shapiro 認為眼動程序可以加速訊息處理並降低個案的焦慮與困擾，不同治療變項的療效仍待由控制性研究法進一步釐清。本研究以部分減除（dismantling）的方式，運用實驗法來探討「眼動」與「正向認知」對懼蟑症治療效果的影響。藉2（有眼動、無眼動）× 2（正向認知、減敏延長）受試者間設計，探討單一治療次對懼蟑症者的治療效果。受試者為自大樣本篩選出的40 名懼怕蟑螂的大學女生。研究結果顯示治療程序的主要效果顯著，四組的療效相當。在治療階段中，受試者主觀害怕程度、對負向認知之相信程度皆呈顯著的線性下降；對正向認知之相信程度則僅眼動組呈顯著線性上升。雖然生理指標（心跳速率）在前測時顯著較基線時高，而在後測時回復至接近基線水準，但就微觀歷程分析，治療階段中各組之心跳速率變化為，在第一階段內逐漸上升，階段間休息時心跳速率略為降低，在第二階段開始又逐漸上升。本研究結果亦顯示，就微觀的治療歷程（micro process）而言，在正向認知的治療情境中，僅眼動組的受試者對正向認知之相信程度逐漸提高。在治療效果上，雖曝露法（exposure）本身便具有療效；但眼動能夠進一步促進受試者第二階段中正向認知的相信程度（可能藉由促進訊息處理）。就巨觀的療效指標而言，雖然單一治療次在各組皆有顯著的療效，但是正向認知對療效的影響無組別差異，該療效指標可能需要較多的治療次始能反映出來。本研究亦就研究結果所顯示的意義與未來的研究方向提出討論。

[Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR; Shapiro, 1989a, 1989b) was initially used to treat post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and later has been thought to be effective in treating other psychological disorders also. Shapiro suggested that eye movement procedure could accelerate information processing and further reduced the client’s anxiety and disturbance. However, psychotherapy evaluation regarding crucial therapeutic parameters awaits elucidation. This dismantling study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of eye movement and positive cognition on phobias. Specifically, via a 2×2 between subject design, with “eye movement/non eye movement” and “treatment process” being two independent variables, a total of 40 female university students with fear of cockroaches were screened and recruited from introductory psychology class to explore the treatment effect of those two components. The results showed that, according to macro therapeutic indices, the effect of therapy was significant, and was not significantly different among groups. As to micro treatment process, while the participants’ SUDs decreased linearly, and so did the negative cognition VOCs, the positive cognition VOCs increased linearly only for the eye movement condition. In addition, while for macro index, the physical index, heart rate, was significantly higher at pre-test than at baseline and returned to baseline at post-test, the process measures indicated that heart rate increased during the first treatment stage, returned during rest period, and increased again during the second treatment stage. According to the micro process, the results also suggested that when presented with positive cognition participants’ VOCs of positive cognitions increased only for the eye movement condition. As to the therapeutic effects, although exposure by itself might be effective, eye movement could further promote participants’ VOCs of positive cognitions at the second treatment stage, probably by facilitating information processing. Nonetheless, regarding macro therapeutic index, there were equal therapeutic effects across groups within one-session therapy, and the superiority of positive cognition installation remained obscure, which implied that to become obvious more sessions might be called for. The implications of the present results and further research possibilities are postulated.]

Keywords: Cockroach Phobia Eye Movement Phobia Positive Cognition Psychotherapy Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

4. Βεντουράτου, Δ. [Ventouratos, D.]. (2009). Εισαγωγή στην ψυχοτραυματολογία και στην τραυματοθεραπεία. : Η μέθοδος - EMDR [Introduction to psychotraumatology and trauma treatment and EMDR]. Πεδίο εφαρμογής Εκδόσεων, Αθήνα, Ελλάδα [Field Publications, Athens, Greece] .

Language: Greek

Format: Book

Abstract:
Συχνά, όταν βρισκόμαστε αντιμέτωποι με μια αιφνίδια στρεσογόνο εμπειρία, νιώθουμε απειλή και ανημπόρια. Αν οι προσπάθειές μας να την ξεπεράσουμε ψυχικά δεν επαρκούν, δημιουργούνται μέσα μας εσωτερικά ρήγματα. Συνήθως παγώνουμε ή απωθούμε κάθε ανάμνηση και κάθε συναίσθημα που σχετίζονται με το τραυματικό βίωμα. Οι συνέπειες αυτής της απώθησης είναι διάφορα ψυχοσωματικά συμπτώματα, φοβίες ή κατάθλιψη.
Το βιβλίο εισάγει για πρώτη φορά τον αναγνώστη στα εξειδικευμένα πεδία της ψυχοτραυματολογίας και της τραυματοθεραπείας, που ασχολούνται με την αντιμετώπιση και εξάλειψη των τραυματικών βιωμάτων στους ανθρώπους: η ψυχοτραυματολογία συμμαχεί με το υγιές εγώ και χτίζει με προσοχή μια θεραπευτική σχέση εμπιστοσύνης με στόχο την επεξεργασία και αφομοίωση του τραυματικού βιώματος.
Στο βιβλίο εξετάζεται ειδικότερα η πρωτοποριακή μέθοδος ΕΜDR της Francine Shapiro, που αποτελεί ένα πολύ ισχυρό εργαλείο στα χέρια του έμπειρου κλινικού με θεαματικά αποτελέσματα. Με τη μέθοδο αυτή το τραυματικό βίωμα νοηματοδοτείται και παίρνει τη θέση του σαν ένα ακριβό μαργαριτάρι στον θησαυρό των εμπειριών του ατόμου.

Often, when faced with a sudden stressful experience, one feels threatened and helpless. If our efforts to overcome psychologically inadequate, created through our internal divides. Usually freeze or repelled every memory and every emotion associated with the traumatic experience. The effect of this repulsion is different psychosomatic symptoms, phobias or depression. The book introduces for the first time the reader to specific areas of psychotrafmatologias and trafmatotherapeias, dealing with the treatment and elimination of traumatic experiences in people: the psychotrafmatologia allies with a healthy ego and carefully builds a therapeutic relationship of trust with the aim of treatment and assimilation of traumatic experiences. In particular the book examines innovative method of EMDR Francine Shapiro, which is a very powerful tool in the hands of an experienced clinician with spectacular results. With this method, the traumatic experience and arises only takes its place as an expensive pearl in the treasure the experience of the individual.

Keywords: Psychotraumatology Trauma Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

5. Adler-Tapia, R., & Settle, C. (2008, September). Advanced applications of EMDR in child psychotherapy. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Phoenix, AZ.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This presentation is for therapists who have learned the basic EMDR protocol and are interested in expanding their skills in using EMDR in individual treatment with children. The presentation is focused on teaching therapists to use EMDR with specific childhood diagnoses or presenting problems, including children who are gifted and children who present with symptoms consistent with ADHD, dissociation, anxiety, attachment disorders, and sexual reactivity. Therapists will also learn how to use EMDR with regulatory issues in children including sleep issues and toilet training, as well as with behavioral issues, such as school phobias within AIP Theory.

Keywords: Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

6. Leeds, A. (2012, June). Affect phobias in EMDR therapy - developing affect tolerance capacities in client and clinician [Fobias afectivas en la terapia con EMDR -‐ El desarrollo de habilidades para la tolerancia afectiva en el cliente y el clínico]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Affect phobias may also be described as psychodynamic or dissociative defenses or as ego state conflicts. When patients present with affect phobias and fail to progress with standard EMDR procedural interventions, EMDR therapy can still be effective when clinicians have the conceptual knowledge and perceptual skills to recognize these defenses, and when they can make use of a flexible set of advanced EMDR procedural stills for responding. EMDR trained clinicians must also confront their own affect phobias and psychodynamic conflicts as they experience a range of responses to their work with patients including countertransference and vicarious traumatization that can disrupt their ability to make use of their conceptual, perceptual and procedural knowledge and skills. This presentation provides an overview of concepts from Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy (STDP: McCullough, 1997, 2003) and the Theory of Structural Dissociation of the Personality (TSDP: van der Hart, Nijenhuis & Steele, 2006) and identifies procedures from Knipe (1999, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2009, 2010a, 2010b, 2010c), Mosquera (2010, 2011), Mosquera and Gonzalez (2010), and Leeds (2001), which clinicians can employ with cases involving affect phobia. We will also consider how clinicians can be sensitive to and mitigate the potential impact of their own affect phobias in their clinical work.

Las fobias al afecto también se pueden describir como defensas psicodinámicas, disociativas ó como conflictos del estado del yo. Cuando los pacientes presentan fobias al afecto y no avanzan con las intervenciones siguiendo los procedimientos de EMDR habituales, EMDR aún puede ser efectivo cuando los clínicos gozan del conocimiento conceptual, así como las habilidades perceptivas para reconocer dichas defensas y cuándo puede servirse de un conjunto flexible de habilidades de procedimiento de EMDR para responder [ante ellas]. Los clínicos formados en el uso de EMDR también han de afrontar sus propias fobias y conflictos psicodinámicos a medida que pasen por una variedad de respuestas a su trabajo con pacientes, incluidas la contra-‐transferencia y la traumatización indirecta que pueden perturbar su capacidad para aprovechar sus conocimientos y habilidades conceptuales, perceptivos y habilidades. La presente ponencia ofrece una visión del conjunto de los conceptos de Short-‐Term Dynamic Psychotherapy (STDP: McCullough, 1997, 2003) [psicoterapia dinámica breve] y de Theory of Structural Dissociation of the Personality (TSDP: van der Hart, Nijenhuis & Steele, 2006) [teoría de la disociación estructural de la personalidad] e identifica procedimientos de Knipe (1999, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2009, 2010a, 2010b, 2010c), Mosquera (2010, 2011), Mosquera y Gonzalez (2010) y Leeds (2001) que pueden aplicar los clínicos en casos de fobia al afecto. También se contemplará cómo los clínicos pueden estar sensibles ante el impacto potencial de sus propias fobias al afecto y cómo mitigarlo en su trabajo clínico.

Keywords: Affect Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

7. Solvey, P., & Ferrazzano de Solvey, R. C. (2006, January 2). Algunas fobias...¿Algunos traumas? - Segunda Parte [Some phobias...some traumas - Part 2]. DePsicoterapias S.R.L. Retrieved from http://www.depsicoterapias.com/articulo.asp?IdArticulo=542/8/2009.

Language: Spanish

Format: Other

Abstract:
Este artículo postula una relación unívoca, causa efecto entre la existencia de un trauma y la aparición posterior de una fobia. Estos traumas pueden ser de distinta naturaleza, pueden ser recordados y relacionados con la fobia, recordados y no relacionados con la fobia, olvidados y cuyo recuerdo emerge con las técnicas de avanzada, y traumas perinatales, cuyo recuerdo también puede emerger durante el reprocesamiento de la fobia. Se incluye una casuística de ejemplos clínicos, complementando la parte teórica de este trabajo, que postula una función de evolución adaptativa para las fobias.

This article posits a unilinear relation cause-effect relationship between the existence of a trauma and the subsequent appearance of a phobia. These traumas can be of different nature, can be remembered and associated with the phobia, remembered and not related to the phobia, forgotten and whose memory emerges with advanced techniques, and perinatal trauma, the memory may also emerge during the reprocessing of phobia. It includes a case series of clinical examples, complementing the theoretical part of this work, we hypothesize a role of adaptive evolution for phobias.

Keywords: Phobias Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

8. Solvey, P., & Ferrazzano de Solvey, R. C. (2006, January 3). Algunas fobias...¿algunos traumas? [Some phobias...some traumas?]. DePsicoterapias S.R.L. Retrieved from ://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=es&u=http://www.depsicoterapias.com/articulo.asp%3FIdArticulo%3D54&ei=jV-zS9rxA4aKlwfm1_m7BA&sa=X&oi=translate&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CA0Q7gEwAA&prev=/search%3Fq%3DAlgunas%2Bfobias...%25C3%2582%25C2%25BFalgunos%2Btraumas%253F%26hl%3Den%26rlz%3D1T4SNNT_enUS353US354 3/12/2006.

Language: Spanish

Format: Other

Abstract:
Este artículo postula una relación unívoca, causa efecto entre la existencia de un trauma y la aparición posterior de una fobia. Estos traumas pueden ser de distinta naturaleza, pueden ser recordados y relacionados con la fobia, recordados y no relacionados con la fobia, olvidados y cuyo recuerdo emerge con las técnicas de avanzada, y traumas perinatales, cuyo recuerdo también puede emerger durante el reprocesamiento de la fobia. Se incluye una casuística de ejemplos clínicos, complementando la parte teórica de este trabajo , que postula una función de evolución adaptativa para las fobias.

This article posits a unilinear relation cause-effect relationship between the existence of a trauma and the subsequent appearance of a phobia. These traumas can be of different nature, can be remembered and associated with the phobia, remembered and not related to the phobia, forgotten and whose memory emerges with advanced techniques, and perinatal trauma, the memory may also emerge during the reprocessing of phobia. It includes a case series of clinical examples, complementing the theoretical part of this work, we hypothesize a role of adaptive evolution for phobias.

Keywords: Phobias Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

9. Boodman, S. G. (2004, June 29). All in the head: Three approaches to mental health treatment that stretch the boundaries – and, sometimes, credulity. Washington, DC: The Washington Post, Health, F1.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
Imagine being able to quickly banish phobias by rhythmically tapping on various body parts. How about a painless treatment that eliminates depression by exerting gentle pressure on a patient's shoulders or torso? What if it were possible to overcome attention- deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by having a child focus on a computer image that retrains his brain waves?

Keywords: General Overview Wasington, DC

Accuracy Verified: Yes

10. Picciano, L. (2009, Fall). Alumni incorporate EMDR into psychodynamic treatment. GSAPP Alumni Newsletter, 10(2), 1,4.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
EMDR is a treatment developed by Francine Shapiro (2001) to reprocess traumatic experiences that are “locked” in the nervous system and give rise to current symptomatology. It involves an eight stage protocol in which clients select a target memory and, with the clinician, assess its cognitive, somatic, and emotional components as well as associated level of distress. The memory is then reprocessed through bilateral stimulation (most commonly eye movements) of the brain until the level of distress is reduced. Shapiro developed the “information-processing model” to explain EMDR’s “…treatment effects in terms of the association of memory networks” (Shapiro, 2002, p. 29). The reprocessing allows the client to “digest” a stuck traumatic memory by connecting it with more adaptive memory networks in the brain. EMDR originated as a treatment for PTSD, but EMDR protocols now exist for a variety of issues, such as phobias and grief. Originally developed with adults, its use has also been extended to children, but with modifications in technique.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

11. de Jongh, A. (2005, November). Angstjes, angsten en fobieën: Hoe pak je het simpel aan met EMDR? [Anxiety, fears and phobias: How to go about it simple with EMDR?]. Presentatie op de eerste congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Ede, Nederland.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR is een gevalideerde behandelmethode voor psychisch trauma. Maar niet altijd leidt het meemaken van een vervelende gebeurtenis tot PTSS: angsten of fobieën zullen veel vaker het gevolg zijn. In veel gevallen is de behandeling van een fobische stoornis zelfs een stuk lastiger dan van een PTSS. Dit komt omdat er meer geheugenrepresentaties moeten worden bewerkt. Een complicerende factor in de behandeling kan verder zijn dat we te maken hebben lastig, ingesleten vermijdingsgedrag (bijv. bij sociale angst) of dat een bepaalde stimulussituatie objectief vervelende kantjes heeft (bijv. bij sommige medische angsten). In deze workshop leren de deelnemers:
- een handige manier om angsten te diagnosticeren en casuïstiek te conceptualiseren in termen van EMDR - te beslissen in welke gevallen EMDR is aangewezen, wanneer een cognitief gedragstherapeutische aanpak (of een combinatie) beter geschikt is en hoe deze behandeling eruit ziet - gericht angsttargets te identificeren en snel tot de juiste NCs en PCs te komen - cliënten voor te bereiden op moeilijke of relatief onveilige stimulussituaties
Het materiaal wordt gepresenteerd aan de hand van videobeelden, demonstraties en oefeningen. De workshop is geschikt voor ervaren en minder ervaren behandelaars, zowel op het terrein van volwassenen als kinderen en jeugd.

EMDR is a validated treatment for psychological trauma but does not require the experience of an unpleasant event for PTSD: fear or phobias are more often the result. In many cases, the treatment of a phobic disorder even more difficult than one PTSD. This is because more memory representations should be modified. A complicating factor in treatment may also be that we are facing difficult ingrained avoidance behavior (e.g. social anxiety) or that a certain objective stimulussituatie nasty lace has (e.g. some medical fears). In this workshop participants learn:
- A convenient way to diagnose anxiety and case studies to conceptualize in terms of EMDR - To decide cases in which EMDR is appropriate when a cognitive behavioral approach (or a combination) is more suitable and how this treatment looks - Terror targets aimed to identify and quickly correct the NCS and PCs to come - Clients to prepare for difficult or relatively unsafe stimulussituaties
The material is presented on the video footage, demonstrations and exercises. The workshop is suitable for experienced and less experienced practitioners, both in the field of adults and children and youth.

Keywords: Anxiety Fears Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

12. Lu, D. P., Lu, G. P., & Lu, W. I. (2007). Anxiety control of dental patients by clinical combination of acupuncture, bi-digital o-ring test, and eye movement desensitization with sedation via submucosal route. Acupuncture and Electro-Therapeutics Research, 32(1-2), 15-30 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The data presented in this article was collected after reviewing clinical findings gathered from using various anxiety control methods on apprehensive patients. We examined clinical applications of the eye movement (EM) component of Eye Movement Desensitization (EMD) on fearful dental patients who have histories of traumatic dental experiences. We also used Bi-Digital O-Ring Test (BDORT) to select the proper dosage of sedative to minimize the adverse side effects. For patients who did not respond well to EM, we used BDORT to select the proper sedative medication and its dosage. In certain difficult cases, we supplemented these techniques with acupuncture to augment the sedative effects. Findings were based on the clinical impressions and assessments of both the patients and the operating team. Results showed that EM, although effective in enabling patients to undergo non-invasive dental procedures such as clinical examination and simple prophylaxis, had only limited beneficial effect with invasive procedures such as extraction, drilling, and injections, etc. We also found that BDORT greatly reduced adverse side effects of sedatives such as hypertension, hypotension, hypoxia, tachycardia, bradycardia, nausea, and vomiting. For most apprehensive patients, we found that EMD and acupuncture combined with BDORT predetermined dosage for the submucosal sedation enabled these patients to undergo the complete dental treatment. The authors try to explain the mechanism of BDORT and EM in terms of visual awareness (or consciousness) and preferred patterns, where neurons in the brain respond to the actions and/or direction of movement. The authors believe that BDORT and EM could have better results if the persons performing BDORT have visual awareness and are focused on the task; whereas in EM, the patient's eye on the therapist's hand movements. A more focused approach via visual pathway will result in more favorable results in EM. Likewise, performing BDORT absentmindedly could lead to false results if visual awareness (or consciousness) is absent. "Preferred pattern" will arouse neurons in the brain to cause conscientiousness, and performing BDORT with 'open eyes' arouse the necessary visual awareness that is necessary for the successful performance of BDORT tasks

Keywords: Acupuncture Anxiety Bi-Digital O-Ring Test Dental Phobic Patients Pharmacological sedation Preferred Patterns Visual Pathway

Accuracy Verified: Yes

13. de Jongh, A. (2003, May). Anxiety Disorders – Treatment of phobias with EMDR. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Rome, Italy.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Anxiety Disorders Symposium Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

14. de Jongh, A. (1999, June). The application of EMDR in the treatment of specific phobias. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Las Vegas, NV.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will 1) gain an understanding of when and how to apply the phobia protocol; and 2) learn to integrate the use of adaptive coping skills and exposure techniques into their EMDR work with phobic individuals.

Keywords: Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

15. Cocco, N. (1995, June). Applications of EMDR to children: EMDR in the treatment of darkness phobia in children. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR in the treatment of darkness phobia in children: 1. Overview of Darkness Phobia: A. Assessment of Childhood Phobias; B. Definition; C. Prevalence; D. Consequences.
2. Treatment Literature on Darkness Phobia: A. Invivo Exposure; B. Imaginal Desensitization; C. Modeling Symbolic and Participant; D. Coping Self Talk; E. Emotive Imagery.
3. [Preliminary Data on Controlled Comparison Between Emotive Imagery and EMDR: A. Aims of Study; B. Method: Subject, Design, Procedure: Assessment, Treatment Protocols; C. Results; D. Discussion.
4. EMDR Protocol: A. Assessment of Darkness Phobia; B. Hero Interview; C. EMDR Target Selection; D. Fantasy Based Cognitive Interweave: Linking Cues/Cognition/Affect Superheros to Change Cognition and Affect.]

Keywords: Children Darkness Phobia

Accuracy Verified: Yes

16. Verzolatto, N. (2008, Novembre). Applicazioni patriche dell'EMDR in ambito ospedaliero [Applications practice EMDR in hospitals]. Presentazione le Applicazioni Cliniche del EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In ambito ospedaliero l’intervento psicologico presenta peculiarità che rispondono ad alcune caratteristiche come : - la velocità di intervento; - l’ esigenza di applicare protocolli rapidi ed efficaci. La necessità della rapidità è data dal fatto che il paziente allettato è generalmente in sofferenza fisica (spesso è presente dolore) oltre che psicologica e quindi non disponibile ad indagini ed interventi di tipo tradizionale (come assesment prolungati o studio approfondito della biografia); l’efficacia è intesa nel senso che gli strumenti devono centrare la domanda dell’inviante, che solitamente non è il paziente ma il reparto di degenza, e devono intervenire sul disagio del paziente che spesso esprime sintomi specifici. Generalmente i motivi per i quali vengono richieste le consulenze sono ascrivibili ad alcune precise categorie diagnostiche quali: -PTSD e PTSD sottosoglia. Riguardano generalmente: le comunicazioni di diagnosi gravi e/o prognosi infausta, sia nel paziente che nel familiare; eventi traumatici quali la violenza sessuale e domestica, traumi per incidenti, traumi per ricoveri in reparti particolari come le Stroke Unit o le Unità di Rianimazione). -disturbi d’ansia e DAP. Rientrano in questa categoria le consulenze per le fobie per sala operatoria, per l’anestesia, la paura del non risveglio e i timori per esiti del post-interveto (per es. nel caso di prostatectomie o laringectomie). Nei casi sopra citati l’uso dell’EMDR diventa spesso lo strumento d’elezione per le peculiarità proprie che rispondono perfettamente alle caratterizzazioni sopra citate. Nell’workshop si confronterà l’esperienza di tale attività e si discuterà di come l’uso dell’EMDR risponda per efficacia e velocità alle esigenze sopra esplicitate.

Psychological intervention in the hospital has special features that meet certain characteristics such as: - The speed of intervention; - 'S need to implement protocols for rapid and effective. The need for speed is the fact that the patient is usually bedridden physical suffering (pain is often present) as well as psychological and therefore not available to traditional investigations and interventions (such as prolonged or assesment study of the biography); effectiveness is understood that the instruments must hit dell'inviante demand, which is usually not the patient but the ward and must act on the discomfort of the patient often expresses specific symptoms. Usually the reasons for which are claimed are attributable to some specific advice diagnostic categories such as: -PTSD and subthreshold PTSD. Generally relate to: the Communications Diagnostic serious and / or poor prognosis, both in the patient in family trauma such as sexual and domestic violence, trauma caused by accidents, trauma admissions to particular departments as the Stroke Unit or the Intensive Care Unit) . -Anxiety disorders and CAD. This category includes advice for phobias to the operating room, anesthesia, fear of not waking up and fears of post-surgical outcomes (eg. In the case of prostatectomy or laryngectomy). In the above cases the use EMDR is often the tool of choice for the special features that perfectly meet the above characterizations. Nell'workshop you compare the experience of this activity and will explore how to use EMDR effectiveness and speed to meet the requirements spelled out above.

Keywords: Hospitals Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

17. de Jongh, A. (2000, May 6). Approaches to using EMDR for the treatment of phobias. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Utrecht, Netherlands.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop focuses on the clinical application of EMDR with specific phobias. There are a number of advantages in using EMDR for the treatment of specific phobias compared to other approaches, such as exposure in vivo. One of the most important advantages seems to be the possibility to utilize EMDR under circumstances where the critical elicitors cannot be reproduced or simulated in real life (e.g., certain sexual, illness or death situations) or, more generally, for which phobic stimuli are hard to obtain. However, unlike patients suffering with PTSD, after deconditioning of an anxiety associated with a traumatic incident, phobic individuals till have to anticipated future anxiety evoking situations. This has important implications for treatment. For example, contrary to its application with PTSD, the treatment of specific phobias with EMDR should not be concluded until clients are prepared for future interactions with (former) anxiety-eliciting stimuli or situations. This may involve acquisition of adaptive coping skills, such as mental strategies to relax or to distract oneself, and the use of exposure (in vivo) techniques. Participants of this workshop will learn when and how to apply EMDR with specific phobias and integrate this into general (cognitive-behavioral) treatment approach. This approach is illustrated by several videotaped treatments.

Keywords: Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

18. Gros, D. F., & Antony, M. (2006, August). The assessment and treatment of specific phobias: A review. Current Psychiatry Reports, 8(4), 298-303. doi:10.1007/s11920-006-0066-3.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Specific phobia is one of the most common and easily treated mental disorders. In this review, empirically supported assessment and treatment procedures for specific phobia are discussed. Exposure-based treatments in particular are highlighted given their demonstrated effectiveness for this condition. The format and characteristics of exposure-based treatment and predictors of treatment response are outlined to provide recommendations for maximizing outcome. In addition, several other treatments for specific phobia are reviewed and critiqued, including cognitive therapy, virtual reality, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, applied tension, and pharmacologic treatments. The review concludes with a discussion of future directions for research.

Keywords: Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

19. Dale, S. (2010, April). Baby ache: Applications for EMDR in infertility, miscarriage, and perinatal loss. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR Canada, Toronto, Ontario.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Infertility, miscarriage, and perinatal loss can be among life’s most deeply painful experiences. Losses associated with these life events can be traumatic. For individuals and couples accessing fertility treatments, pre-existing trauma and phobias can complicate their efforts to achieve a successful pregnancy. This presentation outlines common emotional responses to infertility and reproductive loss. It reviews the role of EMDR in treatment of trauma and phobias and applies this knowledge to clients experiencing difficulty conceiving and/or maintaining a pregnancy. Case studies illustrate how EMDR has been used with this client group.

Keywords: Infertility Miscarriage Perinatal Loss

Accuracy Verified: Yes

20. Mevissen, L., & Lievegoed, R. (2011, April). Behandeling van tandartsfobie bij een niet sprekend kind met pre-verbaal medisch trauma [Treatment of dental phobia in a non-speaking child with pre-verbal trauma medical]. Presentatie op de 5e Jaarlijkse Conferentie van EMDR Vereniging Nederland, Nijmegen, Nederland.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In deze workshop staat de behandeling van een 5-jarig jongetje met extreme tandartsangst centraal. Er is sprake van een genetisch bepaalde overgevoeligheid van het mondgebied. Het patientje krijgt zijn dagelijkse voeding voornamelijk via een sonde. De oorsprong van de angst wordt toegeschreven aan pré-verbaal medisch trauma. Aan de hand van videobeelden worden zowel casusconceptualisatie, verloop van de behandeling als de effecten in de tandartskamer geïllustreerd. De complexe gehechtheidsrelatie is in de problematiek verweven; de behandeling daarvan wordt eveneens belicht.

In this workshop the treatment of a 5-year-old boy with extreme dental fear central. There is a genetically determined hypersensitivity of the mouth area. The young patient gets his daily diet primarily through a tube. The origin of fear is attributed to pre-verbal medical trauma. Using both video conceptualization, course of treatment if the effects illustrated in the dental room. The complex is in the attachment relationship issues intertwined their treatment is also highlighted.

Keywords: Dental Phobia Mutism Pre-Verbal Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

21. de Jongh, A. (1998, November). Behandeling van traumagerelateerde fobieën [Treatment of trauma-related phobias]. Presentatie bij de zondeval Conferentie Vereniging van Gedragswetenschappen, Veldhoven, Nederland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Phobias Trauma Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

22. de Jongh, A. (1999, November). Behandeling van traumagerelateerde specifieke fobieën [Treatment of trauma-related specific phobias]. Presentatie bij de zondeval Conferentie Vereniging van Gedragswetenschappen, Veldhoven, Nederland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Specific Phobias Trauma Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

23. von Knorring, L., Thelander, S., & Pettersson, A. (2005, November 21-27). Behandling av angestsyndrom. En systematisklitteraturaversikt. SBUs sammanfattning och slutsatser [Treatment of anxiety syndrome: A systematic literature review. Summary and conclusions by the SBU]. Lakartidningen, 102(47), 3561-3562, 3565-3566, 3569.

Language: Swedish

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
En rapport från det svenska rådet för medicinsk utvärdering (SBU) har gått igenom, klassificeras och utvärderas den vetenskapliga litteraturen om behandling av panik-syndrom, specifika fobier, social fobi, tvångssyndrom syndrom (OCD), generaliserat ångestsyndrom (GAD) och posttraumatiskt stressyndrom (PTSD). Översynen ingår behandling av barn, ungdomar och vuxna. Rapportens slutsats är att det finns effektiv behandling tillgänglig för alla ångest syndrom. Men i allmänhet, är effekten ofta måttliga och symtomen återkommer när behandlingen perioden avbryts. För vuxna, stödjer vetenskapliga bevis användning av paroxetin och sertralin för alla syndrom utom specifika fobier. För övriga SSRI-preparat Det finns också bevis för användning av Fluoxetin i OCD och PTSD, för fluvoxamin i social fobi och tvångssyndrom och för escitalopram i social fobi. Andra antidepressiva läkemedel med ett starkt vetenskapligt stöd är venlafaxin i social fobi och GAD, imipramin i panik syndrom och chlomipramine i panik syndrom och tvångssyndrom. Bland de psykologiska behandlingar, det finns vetenskapliga bevis för kognitiv beteendeterapi (KBT) för behandling av panik-syndrom, specifika fobier, social fobi, PTSD och GAD. Exponering, med eller utan andra psykoterapeutiska interventioner har vetenskapligt stöd för effekt vid paniksyndrom (både i termer av antalet panikattacker och agorafobi för), specifika fobier, tvångssyndrom och PTSD. Användning av ögonrörelser desensibilisering och upparbetning (EMDR) har vetenskapligt stöd för behandling av PTSD.

A report by the Swedish Council on Technology Assessment in Health Care (SBU) has reviewed, classified and evaluated the scientific literature on treatment of panic syndrome, specific phobias, social phobia, obsessive-compulsive syndrome (OCD), generalized anxiety syndrome (GAD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The review included treatment of children, adolescents and adults. The report concludes that there is effective treatment available for all anxiety syndromes. However in general, the effect is often moderate and symptoms reappear when the treatment period is discontinued. For adults, scientific evidence supports the use of paroxetine and sertraline for all syndromes except specific phobias. For the other SSRI's there is also evidence for the use of fluoxetin in OCD and PTSD, for fluvoxamine in social phobia and OCD and for escitalopram in social phobia. Other antidepressant drugs with a strong scientific support is venlafaxin in social phobia and GAD, imipramin in panic syndrome and chlomipramine in panic syndrome and OCD. Among psychological treatments, there is scientific evidence for cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for treatment of panic syndrome, specific phobias, social phobia, PTSD and GAD. Exposure, with or without other psychotherapeutic interventions, has scientific support for efficacy in panic disorder (both in terms of number of panic attacks and for agoraphobia), specific phobias, OCD and PTSD. Use of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) has scientific support for treatment of PTSD.

Keywords: Review

Accuracy Verified: Yes

24. Giti, S. M. (2011, May). Beyond social phobia: A review of the background, manifestations and varied therapeutic approaches for performance anxiety. Alliant International University, Los Angeles, California. 3503418.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Performance anxiety is ubiquitous in our present culture and is considered one of the most prevalent forms of anxiety. The famous actor and comedian Jerry Seinfeld once joked, “ At a funeral, most people would rather be in the casket than giving the eulogy!” While nearly eighty percent of people experience some form of anxiety when they are the center of attention, individuals who experience performance anxiety are severely distressed and debilitated by their anxiety (Plaut, 1990). In most cases, performance anxiety threatens to restrain an individual’s profession, goals, education, relationships or daily life activities. While the phenomenon of acute anxiety is commonly labeled as stage fright in the world of the performing arts, in psychological literature it is rarely specified or considered a diagnosable mental health disorder. It is often clustered with specific phobias or social phobia. Indeed, performance anxiety is not an experience solely limited to actors, musicians, singers and dancers. It affects athletes, politicians, writers, students, professionals, leaders, and individuals in all walks of life. For this reason, it is essential that clinicians become educated in the etiology, symptoms, manifestations and therapeutic approaches of performance anxiety.

Keywords: Socia Phobia Performance Anxiety

Accuracy Verified: Yes

25. Leeds, A., & Mosquera, D. (2012, October). Borderline personality disorder and EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Arlington, VA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
BPD patients present difficulties with self-regulation and relating to others. The management of these difficulties is central to the treatment of BPD. Working with cases of BPD and complex trauma is intrinsically relational, often involving the need to manage moments of intense affect and affect phobias in the transference and countertransference. Understanding and having strategies for addressing these issues is essential. This workshop integrates theoretical exposition with the presentation of videos cases. The general structure of EMDR therapy in treating BPD and interventions for the preparation phase and considerations for trauma-focused EMDR work will be demonstrated and explained.

Keywords: Borderline Personality Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

26. Rossello-Mir, J., Revert-Vidal, X., Obrador, P., & Cardell, E. (2007, June). Brief EMDR protocol versus bilateral stimulation in the treatment of spider phobia. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR, that includes bilateral stimulation, causes the desensitization and reprocessing of traumatic memories, thus reducing anxiety, distress, fear, and other symptoms related with several anxiety disorders. Previous results show it is effective in reducing symptoms of PTSD, panic disorder, public speaking anxiety, etc. Relying on some previous results we think that a brief EMDR protocol could be applied to relieve symptoms of specific phobias.
To investigate this issue, we study the efficacy of a new brief EMDR protocol in the treatment of spider phobia. Furthermore, our design tries to clarify the controversy about which components of the EMDR procedure are relevant for patient’s improvement. More specifically, we compare the effectiveness of our brief procedures with that of simple bilateral stimulation that is, without eye movements, which necessity to obtain therapeutic outcome has been questioned.
We randomly assign twenty volunteers, female university students with spider phobia to one of three groups. We applied the brief EMDR protocol to the first one and bilateral stimulation to the second one, being the third group the control one. To assess the effectiveness of both treatments, in addition to apply traditional questionnaires, we designed a specific emotional Stroop task in order to make use of this tool to evaluate, before and after each treatment, the selective attentional biases, that seem to play an important role in the etiology and maintenance of anxiety disorders. We discuss the differences found in our results in reference to the controversy aforementioned and how they can help to understand the EMDR mechanism of action.

Keywords: Bilateral Stimulation BLS Brief EMDR Spider Phobia

Accuracy Verified: Yes

27. Armstrong, M. (1997, June). A brief report on integrating focusing oriented psychotherapy and EMDR. EMDRIA Newsletter, 2(4), 15.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
This presentation was given at the 9th International Focusing Conference held near Pforzheim in Germany. Focusing Oriented psychotherapists were introduced to the role of EMDR could play at part of their experiential therapy. Participants were urged to become trained in EMDR at it provides a powerful “jump start” to the work we do with trauma and phobias through Focusing.

Keywords: Focusing

Accuracy Verified: Yes

28. Miller, P. W., McDougall, I., O'Rawe, B., & Kirk, R. T. (2007, June). A case series detailing phenomenology, EMDR protocol and clinical outcome of EMDR in severe depression with psychosis, delusional dysmorphobia and schizophrenia. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The author will by means of oral presentation of clinical case material from patients seen as outpatients; didactic teaching and 'question and answer' explore the efficacy demonstrated by EMDR in a series of patients with disorders including ‘depression, severe with psychosis'; delusional dysmorphophobia and schizophrenia.
There will be detailed description and presentation of case studies. The author will present and discuss clinical cases seen by them and another colleague where EMDR has been used in patients preventing to their facility with ‘depression, severe with psychosis;' delusional dysmorphophobia and schizophrenia.
The author will explore the phenomenology of the case material and discuss how it potentially relates, diagnostically, to the utility of EMDR in such cases. Particular mention will be made of the role EMDR had within the overall treatment plan of these cases and discussion of potential indicators that will aid appropriate targeting of cases for EMDR will be made.
A detailed description of how to apply EMDR protocol in monosymptomatic delusional disorder, including delusional dysmorphophobia will be given. This will include discussion of the use of Floatback; explore the use of affect bridge and the possible role of the unconscious or repressed material in the development of psychotic phenomena.
As patient with psychotic phenomena are often on one if not several psychoactive medications, the author will discuss the impact of EMDR on drug therapy in this group of patients with: schizophrenia, depression, severe with psychosis and delusional dysmorphophobia, illustrating the points from the case material. They will also look at the possible effect of medication on the efficacy of EMDR in this client group.

Keywords: Delusional Dysmorphobia Depression Personality Disorders Phobias Psychosis Schizophrenia

Accuracy Verified: Yes

29. Cartwright, L. (2000, September-October). Case Studies: Expanding our tool kit: A new technique that compliments TFT and EMDR. Family Therapy Networker, 24(5), 71-82.

Language: English

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
In recent years, increasing numbers of therapists have discovered the effectiveness of neurologically based therapy techniques, such as Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) and Thought Field Therapy (TFT), not only for trauma, but for a wide range of problems, including anxiety, anger, grief and phobias. Like most therapeutic approaches, however, they provide remarkable results for one client and little or no results for another, no matter how skilled the therapist. Even more mysterious, they can significantly help a client with one problem, but not with a different problem. For instance, Sarah, age 40, had been suffering from depression for five years. The depression was triggered by the death of her father, loss of a good-paying job due to downsizing and her fiance's breaking off their engagement--all within a one-year period. After six months of increasing anxiety and worsening depression (accompanied by low energy, disinterest in life and withdrawal from social situations), Sarah entered therapy. Biweekly sessions for the next three years, which frequently included EMDR, significantly reduced her anxiety, but did not alleviate the depression. Nor did antidepressants. Years before, I had had a similar experience. EMDR had sharply reduced my obsessive-compulsive symptoms, but didn't help my depression. TFT eliminated recurring anger, but also didn't help my depression.

In the course of five years of research into neurologically based approaches, I happened upon a working hypothesis that explains such inconsistent results. The side-to-side eye movements of EMDR that activate the left and right hemispheres of the brain seem to help people resolve problems based on a lack of communication between the left and right hemispheres of the brain. The tapping, or front/back stimulation of acupuncture points, in TFT is effective when there is a lack of communication between the front and back of the nervous system (controlled by the energy center, well known to acupuncturists and martial artists, that lies below the navel). And since we are three-dimensional creatures, I hypothesized that some problems stem from a lack of communication between the top and bottom of the nervous system as well, which I correlate with the brain and the enteric nervous system of the digestive tract (the source of gut feelings). Working from this hypothesis, I have also developed processes to reintegrate the top/bottom dimension.

I have found that although certain emotions tend to be based within a given neurological dimension (indecisiveness is often in left/right, anxiety in front/back and depression in top/bottom, for example), a client may experience any emotion as a block within any dimension or combination of dimensions. As a result, depending upon both the client and the specific problem being addressed, a therapist might need to use techniques that facilitate integration of the left/right, front/back and/or top/bottom dimensions of the nervous system. When a client is blocked within two or three dimensions of the nervous system, working within just one dimension will sometimes activate healing across the entire nervous system. If this does not happen, it is then necessary to work in the remaining dimensions.

From these hypotheses I developed a system called Shifting Consciousness through Dimensions (SCtD), which provides therapists ways to assess the dimension(s) the client is blocked in, processes to identify, if necessary, which dimension to start with and specific integrating techniques for each dimension.

Keywords: TFT Thought Field Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

30. Monahan, K., & Forgash, C. (2012, March). Childhood sexual abuse and adult physical and dental health outcomes. In E. A. Kalfoğlu & R. Faikoglu (Eds.), Sexual Abuse - Breaking the Silence (pp. 137-152). Intechopen.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Along the same lines, evidence-based assessment and interventions must be in line with the finding of how significant the subjective impressions of sexual assault are for incarcerated older adults in treatment. A promising intervention that is being piloted in the criminal justice system with younger age groups is Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). EMDR specifically targets change in subjective units of distress among trauma survivors, particularly sexual abuse survivors, which in turn reduces post traumatic stress symptoms (Kitchiner, 2000). Moreover, previous research with incarcerated juvenile offenders shows that EMDR can work in reducing post traumatic stress reactivity resulting in less violent behavior and conduct problems among samples. Its utility for older adults, especially those with histories of sexual assault victimization and perpetration is perhaps a promising intervention. The use of evidence-based practices suggests that untreated trauma and grief are related to increased adult recidivism rates (Leach et al., 2008). Therefore, treating psychological distress and untreated symptoms effectively, which involves both screening and treatment that captures subjective experiences, may help to break the cycle of recidivism and in some case sexual offending. [Excerpt]

Keywords: Dental Health Physical Health

Accuracy Verified: Yes

31. Gardner, J. R. (2004, June). Cognitive behavior technique: Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, 1st edition. Unknown.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing is a controversial technique reported to relieve traumatic memories, phobias, and a wide variety of psychological problems. This paper explains the EMDR procedure, and discusses research that supports and refutes its efficacy.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

32. Heijmans, S. (2008, Januari). Controversie rondom EMDR, Een literatuuronderzoek naar de effectiviteit van EMDR [Controversy surrounding EMDR, a literature review on the effectiveness of EMDR]. Universiteit van Tilburg, Netherlands.

Language: Dutch

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Over de effectiviteit van EMDR bestaat veel controversie. Deze thesis bevat een kritisch overzicht van de literatuur met betrekking tot de effectiviteit van EMDR. Er wordt gekeken naar de procedure die EMDR handhaaft en er worden mogelijke verklaringen gegeven voor de werking van EMDR. Vervolgens wordt de effectiviteit van EMDR onderzocht bij verschillende soorten aandoeningen en vergeleken met andere behandelingsvormen. Onderzoek laat zien dat EMDR effectief is bij de behandeling van PTSS. Ook bij fobieën is EMDR gedeeltelijk effectief. Hier wordt echter voornamelijk een afname geconstateerd op cognitief niveau en niet gedragsmatig. In vergelijking met cognitieve gedragstherapie lijkt EMDR evenredig effectief te zijn. Wanneer EMDR echter vergeleken wordt met exposure therapieën is het niet geheel duidelijk welke behandelingsvorm het meest effectief is. Exposure therapie is effectiever in de afname van herbeleving en vermijdingsgedrag, maar EMDR gaat efficiënter te werk. In de discussie worden vervolgens aanbevelingen gegeven voor toekomstig onderzoek.

There is a lot of controversy about the effectiveness of EMDR. This thesis consists of a critical overview of the literature concerning the effectiveness of EMDR. First this thesis will look at the procedure that EMDR maintains and possible explanations for how EMDR works will be given. Next the effectiveness of EMDR will be researched to see if it differs between the different diseases. EMDR will also be compared to other treatments. Research shows that EMDR is an effective treatment when treating PTSD. When treating phobias, EMDR is partly effective. The effectiveness here is mainly a decrease on a cognitive level and not a behavioural one. In comparison to CBT EMDR seems to be equally effective. But when we compare EMDR to exposure treatment it is not fully clear which treatment is the most effective. Exposure therapy is more effective when it comes to a decrease in reliving and avoidance, but EMDR has a greater efficiency. At last there will be given recommendations for future research.

Keywords: Literature Review

Accuracy Verified: Yes

33. Siqueira, E. R. M. (2009, Outubro). Curando traumas [Healing trauma]. Mídia e Saúde, 8(92).

Language: Portuguese

Format: Other

Abstract:
O A aplicação do EMDR não leva ao esquecimento ou à remoção da lembrança perturbadora. Acontece uma compreensão do fato passado, levando a pessoa a dar um novo significado a ele, ou seja, a informação fica arquivada, mas não mais incomoda e nem gera sofrimento. O EMDR é empregado também para tratar quadros resultantes de ansiedade generalizada, fobias específicas (avião, elevador, altura, locais fechados, animais, etc), desordens de pânico, dores crônicas, luto, depressão, dependência química e compulsões (comida, cigarro, compras, jogos, etc.).

OA application of EMDR does not lead to forgetting or the removal of the disturbing memory. turns one understanding of past event, causing the person to take a new meaning to it, or the information is stored, but no longer bothers neither generate suffering. EMDR is also used to treat generalized anxiety resulting frames, specific phobias (airplane, elevator, time indoors, animals, etc.), panic disorders, chronic pain, grief, depression, addiction and compulsions (food, cigarettes, shopping, games, etc.). [Excerpt]

Keywords: Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

34. Shapiro, F. (2009). Desensibilizacion y reprocesamiento por medio de movimiento ocular (EMDR) [Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)]. Pax Mexico L.C.C.S.A.

Language: Spanish

Format: Book

Abstract:
En tan solo unos cuantos años, el modo EMDR se ha convertido en el tratamiento más elaborado para el desorden de estrés postraumático (entre otras perturbaciones). El método EMDR es un tratamiento legítimo y poderoso. Modelo integral y eficiente en el tratamiento de experiencias perturbadoras, el método EMDR incorpora diversos aspectos de terapias sistémicas, psicodinámicas, experienciales, conductuales y corporales. Consiste en ocho fases que comprenden el uso de movimientos oculares y otras formas de estimulación izquierda-derecha. Es eficaz para tratar el desorden de estrés postraumático y reprocesar pensamientos y recuerdos perturbadores o problemas psicológicos de sobrevivientes de traumas, de abuso sexual, de crímenes, de combate bélico, así como de fobias y desórdenes causados por experiencias vivenciales y proporciona en poco tiempo efectos clínicos profundos y estables. Con descripciones y transcripciones detalladas, la autora guía al clínico por cada etapa del tratamiento terapéutico, desde la selección de los clientes hasta la aplicación del método y su integración dentro de un plan integral de tratamiento clínico. Escrito de manera accesible, este libro es una guía invaluable tanto para los clínicos experimentados en el tratamiento EMDR como para las personas que acaban de conocer el método, y para los estudiantes avanzados de psicología clínica y psicoterapia.

In just a few years, modeEMDR has become more elaborate treatment for PTSD (among other disturbances) clutter. The methodEMDR is a legitimate and powerful treatment. Comprehensive and efficient model in the treatment of disturbing experiences, the methodEMDR incorporates aspects of systemic therapies, psychodynamic, experienciales, behavioural and body. Consists of eight phases comprising the use of eye movements and other forms of left-right stimulation. It is effective in treating post-traumatic stress disorder and re-processing thoughts and disturbing memories or psychological problems of survivors of trauma, sexual abuse, of crimes, war combat, as well as phobias and disorders caused by vivenciales experiences and provides deep and stable clinical effects in a short time. With descriptions and detailed transcripts, the author guides the clinical through every stage of therapeutic, treatment from clients to the implementation of the method and their integration within a comprehensive clinical treatment plan selection. Written in an accessible manner, this book is an invaluable guide for clinicians in the treatmentEMDR as for people just know the method and for advanced students of clinical psychology and psychotherapy.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: No

35. de Jongh, A., & ten Broeke, E. (2006). Die anwendung von EMDR bei der behandlung spezifischer phobien [The application of EMDR in the treatment of specific phobias]. In: F. Lamprecht (Hrsg.), Praxisbuch EMDR: modifizierungen für spezielle anwendungsgebiete [EMDR practice book: modifications for special areas of application] (pp. 68-96). Stuttgart: Klett-Cotta.

Language: German

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Keine Zusammenfassung verfügbar.
No abstract available.

Keywords: Specific Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

36. Chen, C. H. & Chang, S. H. (2009). Dismantling effect of eye movement and positive cognition components of EMDR on the treatment of cockraoch phobias. National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
This dismantling study investigated the therapeutic effects of eye movement and positive cognition components on phobias. Forty female Ss with cockroach phobias received a single therapy session. The therapy conditions constituted a 2 (eye movement/non eye movement) × 2 (treatment procedure: positive cognition installed/negative cognition prolonged) between subject design. The results revealed that all groups showed significant therapeutic effects according to macro therapeutic indices and with regard to some micro indices such as SUDs, HRs and VOCs for negative cognition. However, VOCs for positive cognition were significantly increased only for the eye movement group. The findings suggested that although exposure itself might be effective in treating phobias, eye movement could further promote participants’ VOCs for positive cognitions at the second treatment stage, probably by facilitating information processing.

Keywords: Coackroach Phobia Dismantling Study Positive Cognition

Accuracy Verified: Yes

37. Forgash, C. (2010, September/October). Dissociation in the dental chair: Implications for the EMDR treatment of health issues. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR International Association, Minneapolis, MN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR treatment is effective in dealing with many health problems (exacerbated by dissociation)encountered by many complex trauma clients. The negative sequelae of abuse on the physical and mental health of these clients includes flashbacks and dissociative episodes. They are frequently avoidant of health care, which can lead to further consequences. This presentation will focus on expanding the EMDR Preparation Phase; presenting strategies to deal with dissociation, emotional issues, and PTSD symptoms. The Desensitization and Reprocessing Phase will deal with earlier traumatic events, health issues and current and past dissociative events which are frequently at the root of these problems.

Keywords: Dissociation Health Issues

Accuracy Verified: Yes

38. van der Hart, O., Groenendijk, M., Gonzalez, A., Mosquera, D., & Solomon, R. (2013). Dissociation of the personality and EMDR therapy in complex trauma-related disorders: Applications in the stabilization phase. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 7(2), 81-94. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.7.2.81.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
As proposed in a previous article in this journal, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) clinicians treating clients with complex trauma-related disorders may benefit from knowing and applying the theory of structural dissociation of the personality (TSDP) and its accompanying psychology of action. TSDP postulates that dissociation of the personality is the main feature of traumatization and a wide range of trauma-related disorders from simple posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to dissociative identity disorder (DID). The theory may help EMDR therapists to develop a comprehensive map for understanding the problems of clients with complex trauma-related disorders and to formulate and carry out a treatment plan. The expert consensus model in complex trauma is phase-oriented treatment in which a stabilization and preparation phase precedes the treatment of traumatic memories. This article focuses on the initial stabilization and preparatory phase, which is very important to safely and effectively use EMDR in treating complex trauma. Central themes are (a) working with maladaptive beliefs, (b) overcoming dissociative phobias, and (c) an extended application of resourcing

Keywords: Dissociation Dissociative Disorders Structural Dissociation of the Personality Phase-Oriented Treatment Stabilization Phase

Accuracy Verified: Yes

39. van der Hart, O. (2011, March). Dissociation of the personality: The key to understanding chronic traumatisation and a guide to EMDR treatment. Preconference presentation at the 9th annual Conference of the EMDR UK & Ireland, Bristol.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
There is currently consensus that the EMDR standard protocol needs to be modified for chronically traumatized clients, such as clients with complex dissociative disorders, as it may destabilize them. Therefore, therapists need to have a good understanding of the dissociative personality structure that exists in these clients. Dissociation is an undue division of the personality among two or more biopsychosocial systems or “dissociative parts” that comprise the survivor’s personality. One or more of them function in daily life; others are fixated in traumatic experiences, are living in trauma-time. The more severe the traumatisation, the more dissociative parts, involving more complex trauma-related disorders, can be expected to exist. Dissociative parts have psychobiological boundaries that are maintained, to a large degree, by different trauma-related phobias, which are systematically resolved in phase-oriented treatment. Indeed, participants will be able to describe structural dissociation of the personality as a specific form of integrative failure that needs to be overcome in phase-oriented treatment, identify ways of relating dissociative symptoms to the underlying dissociation of the personality, and identify targets such as the dissociation-maintaining phobias, for EMDR interventions in the respective treatment phases. The emphasis will be on the preparatory work, including how to work with dissociative parts living in trauma-time and those perceived as being malevolent, necessary before focusing on the integration of traumatic memories.

Keywords: Dissocation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

40. van der Hart, O. (2010, September/October). Dissociation of the personality: The key to understanding chronic traumatization and its treatment. Plenary presented at the annual meeting of EMDR International Association, Minneapolis, MN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR treatment of complex trauma-related disorders may benefit from a clear understanding of the dissociative nature of these disorders. Dissociation is an undue division of the personality among two or more psychobiological systems or “dissociative parts” that comprise the survivor’s personality. One or more of them function in daily life; others are fixated in traumatic experiences. The more severe the traumatization, the more dissociative parts, involving more complex trauma-related disorders, can be expected to exist. Dissociative parts have psychobiological boundaries that are maintained, to a large degree, by different trauma-related phobias, which should be systematically resolved in phase-oriented treatment. Participants will be able to describe structural dissociation of the personality as a specific form of integrative failure that needs to be overcome in phase-oriented treatment, identify ways of relating dissociative symptoms to the underlying dissociation of the personality, and identify targets for EMDR interventions in each of the three treatment phases in terms of overcoming specific phobias.

Keywords: Chronic Traumatization Plenary

Accuracy Verified: Yes

41. Strand, E. (2004, August). Does EMDR work?. Psychology Today, 37(4), 16.

Language: English

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
Provides information on Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing therapy (EMDR), a single-session cure for post-traumatic stress disorder, addictions and phobias. Invention of EMDR; Details of an EMDR therapy; Controversy surrounding the therapy.

Keywords: Addictions General Overview Phobias Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

42. Grey, E. (2009, August). Earning security with EMDR. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Atlanta, GA .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The experience of safety associated with a secure attachment is essential in promoting social engagement. Social engagement requires the capacity to identify, tolerate and communicate our emotional states. This poster illustrates the pathogenic role that relational trauma plays in thwarting such intrapersonal attunement necessary for interpersonal integration. In particular, disorganized attachment experiences are highlighted as small-t traumas and “touchstone memories” related to “affect phobias”. These phobias are key psychopathological agents that maintain dissociative barriers between components of internal working models of self and other involved in attachment relationships. Internal working models related to disorganized attachment experiences include segregated information of parent/child interactions in which the parent is the “source and solution of the child’s fright”. The establishment of “trauma coded” internal working models is instrumental in the development of “extra-personal attunement”. As opposed to intrapersonal attunement, extra-personal attunement is characterized by a preoccupation with the feelings, thoughts, and behaviors of others and simultaneous dissociation of one’s own internal experience. In the wake of such relational trauma, the adaptive information processing system within the individual becomes “corrupt”. The AIP model provides a way to understand the salience of dysfunctionally held information in the brain in thwarting interpersonal attunement and intrapersonal attunement and maintenance of a “corrupt information processing system”. Furthermore, it assists in the clinical navigation of the paths between memory, internal working models, and auto and interactive psychobiological regulation. From a clearer point of view and with an appreciation for the vulnerability of relational misattunement to be traumatic relevant EMDR processing targets can be indentified and targeted. In addition, this AIP conceptualization of relational trauma offers a parsimonious framework within which the effects of trauma can been seen in a variety of psychopathologies. From adjustment disorders to dissociative identity disorder the feeling of “insecurity” associated with relationships reinforces extra-personal attunement and avoidance of interactive regulation necessary for social engagement. In addition, extrapersonal attunement leads to a preoccupation with the emotional states of others, avoidance of social engagement and substitution of work, play, food, and sex to regulate distress and amplify positive affect. This poster will offer an Adaptive Information Processing model conceptualization of relational trauma and will outline the role of EMDR in reducing phobic responses to innate affect. It will also highlight the identification and processing of touchstone memories related to disorganized attachment experiences in both the standard EMDR protocol and the adapted “Ego-state specific” protocol. These interventions will be portrayed as necessary components of a comprehensive treatment plan in the treatment of relational trauma. Finally the successful treatment of relational trauma will be depicted as a relevant in promoting intrapersonal attunement necessary for interpersonal integration.

Keywords: Affect Phobias Phobias Relational Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

43. Cotraccia, T. (2009, August). Earning security with EMDR - Promoting social engagement in the wake of relational trauma. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Atlanta, GA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Poster Social Engagement

Accuracy Verified: Yes

44. de Jongh, A., & ten Broeke, E. (1993). Een nieuwe behandelingsmethode voor angst en trauma's: ‘Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing’ [A new treatment for anxiety and trauma: Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing]. Directieve Therapie, 13(2), 78-83. doi:10.1007/BF03060028 .

Language: Dutch

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
In deze bijdrage wordt een beschrijving gegeven van de achtergronden en principes van ‘Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing’ ( EMDR), een recente ontwikkeling op het gebied van de psychotherapie. Deze procedure wordt gepresenteerd als een snelle en effectieve behandelmethode voor aan angst gerelateerde klachten, waaronder posttraumatische stress-stoornissen. Een belangrijk onderdeel van EMDR is dat de therapeut bij de cliënt een aantal snelle en ritmische oogbewegingen uitlokt door hem te vragen zijn vinger te volgen, terwijl de cliënt een beeld van de traumatische herinnering in gedachten houdt. Dit zou resulteren in cognitieve veranderingen en een langdurige vermindering van angst, alsmede een verdwijnen van terugkerende herinneringen en indringende gedachten. Zoals naar voren komt uit onderzoek en twee gepresenteerde gevalsbeschrijvingen (een geval van extreme angst voor de tandheelkundige behandeling en een geval van seksueel misbruik), kan EMDR reeds effectief zijn in slechts één zitting. Het artikel sluit af met evaluatieve opmerkingen en aanbevelingen met betrekking tot het gebruik van deze behandelingsmethode in de praktijk.

In this article describes the background and principles of "Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing "(EMDR), a recent development in the field of psychotherapy. This procedure is presented as a rapid and effective treatment for anxiety-related symptoms, including post-traumatic stress disorder. EMDR is an important part of the therapist to the client a number of rapid and rhythmic eye movements provokes him by asking his finger to follow, while a client image of the traumatic memory in mind. This would result in cognitive changes and a lasting reduction of anxiety and a loss of recurrent and intrusive recollections thoughts. As emerges from two studies and presented case studies (one case extreme fear of dental treatment and one case of sexual abuse), EMDR can already effectively in only one session. The article concludes with evaluative comments and recommendations regarding the using this treatment method in practice.

Keywords: Anxiety Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

45. Bates, L. W., McGlynn, F., Montgomery, R. W., & Mattke, T. (1996, November/December). Effects of eye-movement desensitization versus no treatment on repeated measures of fear of spiders. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 10(6), 555-569. doi:10.1016/S0887-6185(96)00030-8.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Multiple measures of fear of spiders were acquired during in vivo tests once before and several times after 7 subjects were exposed to an experimental rendition of eye-movement desensitization. The pre- and posttreatment measures were compared with corresponding measures acquired from 7 other subjects once before and several times after a concurrent no-treatment interval. There was no evidence from the in vivo tests that eye-movement desensitization affected fear of spiders.

Keywords: Phobias Spiders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

46. de jongh, A., & van de Oord, H. J. M. (2002). Efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in the treatment of specific phobias: Four single-case studies in dental phobia. Presentation at the 80th General Session of the International Association for Dental Research, San Diego, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Objectives: Several years ago a new treatment for anxiety related problems was introduced, named Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). EMDR combines short exposure periods with an external distracting stimulus. The aim of this study was to examine the applicability of EMDR to trauma-based dental phobia. Methods: EMDR treatment outcome was tested with four dental phobic individuals by means of a single-subject experimental design. Pretreatment assessment included: severity of dental fear (DAS), trauma-related symptomatology (IES), occurrence and believability of negative cognitions (DCQ), and general psychopathology (SCL-90-R). A psychologist administered a clinical interview and a behavior test. Behavior tests were videotaped and rated for observed anxiety level (0-10) by a blind and independent observer. Results: Following two to three sessions of EMDR treatment three of the four patients demonstrated substantially reduced self-reported and observer-rated anxiety, reduced credibility of dysfunctional beliefs, and behavior changes. These gains were maintained at six weeks follow-up. In all four cases the clinical diagnosis present at pretreatment was not present at posttreatment at a clinical level. All patients actually underwent the dental treatment they feared most within three weeks following EMDR treatment. Conclusion: The findings support the notion that EMDR can be an effective treatment alternative for traumatically induced dental phobia.

Keywords: Specific Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

47. de Jongh, A., van den Oord, H., & ten Broeke, E. (2002, December). Efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in the treatment of specific phobias: Four single-case studies on dental phobia. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58(12), 1489-1503. doi:10.1002/jclp.10100.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
A series of single-case experiments was used to evaluate the application of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) to traumatically induced dental phobia. Following two to three sessions of EMDR treatment, three of the four patients demonstrated substantially reduced self-reported and observer-rated anxiety, reduced credibility of dysfunctional beliefs concerning dental treatment, and significant behavior changes. These gains were maintained at six weeks follow-up. In all four cases, the clinical diagnosis present at pretreatment was not present at posttreatment at a clinical level. All patients actually underwent the dental treatment they feared most within three weeks following EMDR treatment. The findings support the notion that EMDR can be an effective treatment alternative for phobic conditions with a trauma-related etiology. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Case Report Dental Procedures Females Follow-up Study Males Phobia Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Survivors Treatment Effectiveness Young Adults

Accuracy Verified: Yes

48. de Jongh, A., ten Broeke, E., & van der Meer, K. (1995). Eine neue entwicklung in der behandlung von angst und traumata: “Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)” [A new development in the treatment of anxiety and trauma: Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)]. Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie, Psychopathologie und Psychotherapie, 43(3), 226-233.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Dit artikel presenteert een nieuwe ontwikkeling op het gebied van de psychotherapie: Eye-Movement Desensibilisatie and Reprocessing (EMDR). Dit recent ontwikkelde procedure belooft snelle en effectieve behandeling van angst-gerelateerde klachten, met inbegrip van PTSS (DSM-III-R). In essentie leidt de therapeut een serie van snelle en ritmische oogbewegingen. EMDR vergemakkelijkt cognitieve veranderingen en blijvende daling van de angst. Zoals aangegeven door middel van onderzoek en geïllustreerd door casuïstiek, kan EMDR effectief te zijn in een sessie. Tot nu toe is er geen definitieve verklaring voor de effectiviteit van deze methode. [Auteur Abstract]

This article presents a new development on the field of psychotherapy: Eye-Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). This recently developed procedure promises rapid and effective treatment of anxiety related complaints, including PTSD (DSM-III-R). In essence the therapist induces a series of rapid and rhythmic eye-movements. EMDR facilitates cognitive changes and lasting decrease of anxiety. As indicated by research and illustrated by case histories, EMDR can be effective in one session. Until now there is no definitive explanation for the effectiveness of this method. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adult Anxiety Disorders Dental Procedures Females Males Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

49. Artigas, L., & Jarero, I. (2005, March). El abrazo de la mariposa [The butterfly hug]. Revista de Psicotrauma para Iberoamérica, 4(1), 30-31.

Language: Spanish

Format: Journal

Abstract:
E.M.D.R. Son las siglas de Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, que se podría traducir como Desensibilización y reprocesamiento por medio de movimiento oculares. Se trata de un tratamiento psicoterapéutico innovador utilizado para tratar un amplio rango de patologías. Originalmente fue diseñado por F. Shapiro en 1987 para tratar el estrés postraumático y su eficacia fue probada experimentalmente para casos de abusos infantiles, violaciones, veteranos de la guerra de Vietnam y otros trastornos. Su éxito fue tan rotundo que se multiplicaron las investigaciones sobre su capacidad de curar otras patologías, demostrándose su utilidad en los trastornos que implican ansiedad, dolor crónico, duelos y fobias. Cientos de estudios de casos han sido publicados y la amplia investigación experimental realizada en EEUU y en Europa El abrazo Mariposa es una técnica de Auto control.

E.M.D.R. Stands for Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, which could be translated as Desensitization and Reprocessing Eye Movement. This is an innovative psychotherapy used to treat a wide range of pathologies. Originally designed by F. Shapiro in 1987 to treat PTSD and its effectiveness was tested experimentally for cases of child abuse, rape, veterans of the Vietnam War and other disorders. Its success was so resounding that multiplied the research on their ability to cure other diseases, proving its usefulness in disorders involving anxiety, chronic pain, grief and phobias. Hundreds of case studies have been published and extensive experimental research conducted in the U.S. and Europe The butterfly hug is a technique of self-control.

Keywords: Butterfly Hug

Accuracy Verified: Yes

50. Rosental, V. (2008, Diciembre 16). El método de EMDR: Un cambio de paradigma [The method of EMDR: A paradigm shift]. DePsicoterapias S.R.L. Retrieved from http://www.depsicoterapias.com/articulo.asp?IdArticulo=454 om 1/4/2009.

Language: Spanish

Format: Other

Abstract:
Patient refers to the 36 years of age. At the time of the consultation being conducted psychiatric and psychological treatments with no results since 1995, with a diagnosis of Panic Attack. The beginning of the problem is after the Falklands war. It was in 1985 when he choose to go first because he felt well, was very nervous and irritable. The clinician, after several routine tests it shows that he's fine, but prescribed an anxiolytic, psychoactive drug that took for 11 years until 1996. In that year is referred to a psychiatrist and a psychologist for his repeated visits to the emergency. He had been in the Falklands war as a conscript. Upon returning, he could not concentrate, so it decided to abandon their tertiary studies a year to graduate. Was isolated in addition to all his friends. He married his neighbor with whom he has two children. Had marital difficulties and job instability Patient refers to the 36 years of age. At the time of the consultation being conducted psychiatric and psychological treatments with no results since 1995, with a diagnosis of Panic Attack. The beginning of the problem is after the Falklands war. It was in 1985 when he choose to go first because he felt well, was very nervous and irritable. The clinician, after several routine tests it shows that he's fine, but prescribed an anxiolytic, psychoactive drug that took for 11 years until 1996. In that year is referred to a psychiatrist and a psychologist for his repeated visits to the emergency. He had been in the Falklands war as a conscript. Upon returning, he could not concentrate, so it decided to abandon their tertiary studies a year to graduate. Was isolated in addition to all his friends. He married his neighbor with whom he has two children. Had marital difficulties and job instability Trabajo desde hace años en esta profesión, la psicología, una especialidad que puede ayudar a muchas personas que sufren, que estoy investigando y encontrando nuevas maneras de dar a los pacientes alternativas que conduzcan a un cambio real. En este viaje tuve la oportunidad de explorar el mundo un poco más emocionante de la mente humana a través de un enfoque integrado que cambió mi paradigma de la psicoterapia. Me refiero a EMDR, basado en el modelo de procesamiento de información, una poderosa herramienta para aliviar el sufrimiento de los pacientes que nos consultan a tiempo para mantener sus logros. reprocesamiento de adaptación se lleva a cabo a nivel neurofisiológico que permite a la salud mental.

Working for years in this profession, psychology, a specialty that can help many people suffering, I am researching and finding new ways to give patients alternatives that lead to real change. In this journey I had the opportunity to explore a bit more exciting world of the human mind through an integrated approach that changed my paradigm of psychotherapy. I refer to EMDR, based on the information processing model, a powerful tool to alleviate the suffering of patients who consult us in time sustaining their achievements. Adaptive reprocessing takes place at a neurophysiological level that enables mental health. The letters called EMDR that mean in English: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, which translates as desensitization and reprocessing eye movement. It is a method to work emotional difficulties caused by traumatic events such as war, natural disasters, accidents, assaults, duels unprocessed disturbing childhood experiences as well as phobias, somatic diseases and disorders, anxiety and disruptive behavior.

Keywords: Practice, Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

51. Ersen, M., & Cumartesi, H. (2009, Aralık). EMDR İle kronik başağrılarına son [EMDR with chronic headaches]. Aktüel Psikoloji.

Language: Turkish

Format: Other

Abstract:
EMDR, savaş stresi, taciz, doğal afetler veya çocukluk döneminde yaşanan üzücü olaylar gibi rahatsız edici deneyimlerin neden olduğu duygusal sorunlarda kullanılan psikolojik bir yöntem. Ayrıca fobi, performans kaygısı, panik bozukluk, yas, kronik ağrı ve başka sorunların tedavisinde de uygulanıyor. Davranış Bilimleri Entitüsü uzmanları, yöntemi kullandıkları kişilerin migren ve kronik baş ağrılarının azaldığını tespit edince migren hastalarıyla bir çalışma başlattı. Gaziosmanpaşa Hastanesi’nden en şiddetli migren hastalarını kendilerine yönlendirmelerini istediler. 10 hastaya EMDR uyguladılar. Hastalarda atak şiddeti, sıklığı, süresi ve alınan ilaçlarda ciddi düşüşler oldu.

EMDR, war stress, harassment, or natural disasters experienced in childhood, such as the irritating experience distressing events caused by psychological methods used in emotional problems. In addition, phobias, performance anxiety, panic disorder, age, in the treatment of chronic pain and other problems are being implemented. Behavioral Sciences Entitüsü experts, the method they use people and chronic migraine headaches migraine patients reduced their study found that when launched. The most severe migraine patients themselves Gaziosmanpaşa Hospital referrals wanted. 10 hastaya EMDR uyguladılar. EMDR applied to 10 patients. Attacks in patients with severity, frequency, duration and had taken drugs for serious decline.

Keywords: Emre Konuk Headaches Migraines

Accuracy Verified: Yes

52. Shapiro, F., & Sherwel, C. (2004). EMDR (Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing): Desensibilizacion y reprocesamiento por medio de moimiento ocular [EMDR (Eye Movement desensitization and reprocessing): Desensitization and reprocessing of eye movement]. México: Pax México.

Language: Spanish

Format: Book

Abstract:
En tan solo unos cuantos años, el modo EMDR se ha convertido en el tratamiento más elaborado para el desorden de estrés postraumático (entre otras perturbaciones). El método EMDR es un tratamiento legítimo y poderoso. Modelo integral y eficiente en el tratamiento de experiencias perturbadoras, el método EMDR incorpora diversos aspectos de terapias sistémicas, psicodinámicas, experienciales, conductuales y corporales. Consiste en ocho fases que comprenden el uso de movimientos oculares y otras formas de estimulación izquierda-derecha. Es eficaz para tratar el desorden de estrés postraumático y reprocesar pensamientos y recuerdos perturbadores o problemas psicológicos de sobrevivientes de traumas, de abuso sexual, de crímenes, de combate bélico, así como de fobias y desórdenes causados por experiencias vivenciales y proporciona en poco tiempo efectos clínicos profundos y estables. Con descripciones y transcripciones detalladas, la autora guía al clínico por cada etapa del tratamiento terapéutico, desde la selección de los clientes hasta la aplicación del método y su integración dentro de un plan integral de tratamiento clínico. Escrito de manera accesible, este libro es una guía invaluable tanto para los clínicos experimentados en el tratamiento EMDR como para las personas que acaban de conocer el método, y para los estudiantes avanzados de psicología clínica y psicoterapia.

In just a few years, how EMDR has become more elaborate treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (in other disturbances). EMDR is a legitimate and powerful treatment. Comprehensive and efficient model in the treatment of disturbing experiences, EMDR incorporates various aspects of systemic therapies, psychodynamic, experiential, behavioral and physical. It consists of eight phases that include the use of eye movements and other forms of left-right stimulation. Is effective in treating post-traumatic stress disorder and reprocess disturbing thoughts and memories or psychological problems of survivors of trauma, sexual abuse, crimes of war fighting, as well as phobias and disorders caused by life experiences and provides in a short time effects clinical deep and stable. With detailed descriptions and transcripts, the author guides the clinician through every stage of therapeutic treatment, from selection of clients to the application of the method and its integration into a comprehensive clinical treatment. Written in an accessible, this book is an invaluable guide both for experienced clinicians in the EMDR treatment to people who just know the method, and for advanced students of clinical psychology and psychotherapy.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

53. Samec, J. R. (1999). EMDR - Ett komplement till psykodynamisk behandling av trauma, fobier, ångest och depression [EMDR - A complement to the psychodynamic treatment of trauma, phobias, anxiety and depression]. Insikten, 1, 35-39.

Language: Swedish

Format: Journal

Keywords: Anxiety Depression Phobias Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

54. Schmidlin, L. (2003). EMDR als therapie für spezifische phobien? [EMDR as a therapy for specific phobias?]. Med. Bern: ZB.

Language: German

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Keywords: Special Phobia

Accuracy Verified: Yes

55. McNeal, S. (2001, January-April). EMDR and hypnosis in the treatment of phobias. Eye movement and desensitization and reprocessing. American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis, 43(3-4), 263-274. doi:10.1080/00029157.2001.10404281.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Clinical hypnosis and EMDR have both been employed in the treatment of phobias. EMDR has been a controversial treatment method with the research showing mixed results concerning its efficacy. Many studies have shown the effectiveness of hypnosis in the treatment of phobias, but no studies have directly compared hypnosis to EMDR. This paper discusses each approach to treatment, with special emphasis on EMDR. Relevant research and current theories are reviewed along with questions raised and recommendations for future research. (ASCH)

Keywords: Hypnotherapy Phobias Review

Accuracy Verified: Yes

56. MacMahon, R. (2003). EMDR and its use in treating attachment disorder. Author.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
EMDR is an acronym for Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, a remarkable form of psychotherapy that is being widely used to treat trauma and PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder). EMDR combines elements from several therapeutic approaches with bilateral stimulation to facilitate hemispheric processing in the brain. Controlled studies support the efficacy of EMDR, making it not only the most thoroughly researched method ever used in the treatment of trauma, but also useful in a variety of applications from phobias to eating disorders.

Keywords: Attachment Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

57. de Jongh, A. (2008, September). EMDR and phobias: Treatment of fears and phobias with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)[EMDR bei angst: Und panikstörungen]. Pre-Congress presentation at the European Congress of Hypnosis, Vienna, Austria.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) has been shown to be a structured, noninvasive, time-limited, and evidence-based treatment for the processing of memories of traumatic conditioning events and related symptomatology. There is a growing body of evidence showing the effectiveness of EMDR for specific phobias, a group of conditions that have been found to be more prevalent than any other group of psychiatric disorders studied. This workshop focuses on EMDR as a treatment approach for fear reactions related to - and avoidance of - specific objects and situations. The participants will learn: 1) about the fascinating possibilities of using EMDR in their work 2) how EMDR can be applied with clients who suffer from fears and phobias 3) to assess clients with patterns of fearful avoidance and to identify strategically important memories of earlier negative learning experiences for processing 4) to integrate EMDR interventions into a general (hypno)therapeutic approach. This will be illustrated by segments of video taped treatment sessions of clients suffering from a broad diversity of phobias (e.g., dental phobia, vomiting phobia, shark phobia).

Keywords: Phobias Dental Phobias Shark Phobias Vomiting Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

58. de Jongh, A. (2009). EMDR and specific fears: The phobia protocol. In M. Luber (Ed.), Eye movement desensitization (EMDR) scripted protocols: Special populations (pp. 575-610). New York: Springer Publishing Co.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:

Keywords: Fears Phobias Protocol

Accuracy Verified: Yes

59. Gelinas, D. J. (2011, August). EMDR and the phobias of structural dissociation in treating complex traumatization. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Orange County, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Managing dissociative interference when treating individuals with early repetitive traumatization requires recognition, then direct intervention. The “phobias of structural dissociation” are especially helpful in recognizing the less readily apparent dissociative interferences. These refer to the individual’s fear and avoidance of their own internal experiencing, (e.g., thoughts, parts, memories) rather than the traditional fear of external objects or processes. They can be responsible for failures to establish the therapy or Safe Place, refusal of EMDR, looping, “stuck” NCs, etc. This presentation describes the phobias (with clinical illustrations), recognition markers, and a stepped hierarchy of EMDR interventions to manage dissociative interferences.

Keywords: Complex Trauma Phobias Structual Dissociation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

60. Shapiro, F. (2002, December). EMDR and the role of the clinician in psychotherapy evaluation: Towards a more comprehensive integration of science and practice. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58(12), 1453-1463. doi:10.1002/jclp.10104.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is an integrative psychotherapy approach that has been consistently evaluated as efficacious in the treatment of PTSD. The information processing model that guides its clinical application posits that EMDR should be effective in treating other psychological disorders that have experiential contributors. Research is needed to assess such applications. This special issue features three case series in which EMDR was applied to the treatment of complex PTSD, phobias, and chronic pain, respectively. The authors discuss deficits in the research literature, provide preliminary data on EMDR treatment of these conditions, and offer descriptive guidelines for evaluation that are achievable by the practicing clinician. Two additional articles offer preliminary data on physiological and cognitive/affective concomitants of therapeutic change. It is argued that clinicians should play a greater role in the rigorous and extensive examination of psychological treatments in the context of the exigencies of clinical practice. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Assessment Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Complex PTSD C-PTSD EVT Integration Pain Phobia PTSD Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

61. Marquis, P. (2007, June). EMDR and the treatment of anxiety disorders. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Dr. Marquis will present on the treatment of Anxiety Disorders using Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). This treatment is based on clinical research and practice, integrating Anxiety Disorder treatments such as interceptive exposure, psych-education, mindfulness, relaxation training, breathing retraining, cognitive techniques and exposure and response prevention with EMDR. The diagnosis of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Hoarding, Trichotillomonia, Skin Picking, Panic Disorder, Social Anxiety Disorders, Phobias, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Somatization Disorder and their interaction with underlying PSTD will be discussed and standard EMDR treatment protocols presented. This will be presented in context of the Adaptive Information Processing Model. Theoretical models will be presented. This treatment integrates the use of future template and behavioral feedback for success of anxiety treatment. Participants will learn how to specify EMDR targets for rapid symptom reduction and how clients scan integrate self-use of bilateral stimulation to increase treatment results. Case examples will be presented. Participants will be encouraged to discuss and receive feedback on anxiety cases of their own. Cross-cultural applications and understanding will be explored. Dr. Marquis is the Anxiety Team Leader at Kaiser Hospital and has been practicing, teaching, and training EMDR internationally since 1991.

Keywords: Anxiety Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

62. Doctor, R. (1995, June). EMDR applications to anxiety disorders. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR therapy was originally developed around the effects of trauma on emotional and cognitive disorders. We are now seeing its effect application in other areas related to acquisition and maintenance of deviant and disabling reactions. The results of the application of EMDR outside of trauma itself have been very encouraging and successful. This presentation will focus on the use of EMDR with the anxiety disorders. Most of the presentation will concentrate on the most prevalent anxiety disorders, namely, panic, agoraphobia and phobia. There will be some-discussion on generalized anxiety disorders, social phobias and obsessive-compulsive disorders. The anxiety disorders will be discussed as a complex set of disorders that have multiple acquisition factors including life style, reactivity (which may have some genetic components), "personality, stressors and stress management. The presenter will make a brief summary of the role of these factors in each anxiety disorder from what we currently know clinically and empirically. The research on EMDR with anxiety disorders is almost nonexistent but the few case studies that have been published will be discussed because they offer excellent support for EMDR and for particular forms of its application. The rest of the presentation is divided into two sections: the use of EMDR as an exclusive treatment and its use with supplemental tools. The exclusive use of EMDR will depend on premorbid history factors both personally and in regard to the anxiety disorder. The discussion will focus on important information in the history taking and personal contact with the client as well as the potential targets for EMDR work with the various anxiety disorders. In many cases, EMDR therapy must be supplemented with exposure work, relaxation training, medications and other supplemental tools in order to make the intervention effective and enduring. How these supplemental tools might be implemented in the various anxiety disorders will be discussed as well as the general factors from client history or client experience that would suggest the use of supplementals. Finally, the importance of the client-therapist relationship will be discussed in relation to working with the anxiety disorders and, in particular, therapist factors that can improve effectiveness.

Keywords: Anxiety Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

63. Horacek, C. (2005, Winter). EMDR as a therapeutic tool. The Conejo Connection, 4(1), 2-4.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
The main feature of EMDR is that by bilaterally stimulating the brain trauma, phobias and other disturbing experiences are “reprocessed” to move from one part of the brain to the higher-thinking cortical structures of the brain, and seem to lose their power to be disturbing. This is the “eye movement” part. In EMDR, the therapist moves their fingers back and forth in front of the client’s face and the client watches by moving their eyes (not turning their head) left right, left right. However, it has since been discovered that any type of bilateral stimulation works—auditory, tactile, even walking up and down, as the body moves first the left leg and then the right.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

64. Strohle, H. (2002, Mai). EMDR bei carcinophobie [EMDR in carcinophobie]. Vortrag auf der Jahrestagung der EMDR Europe Association, Frankfurt, Deutschland.

Language: German

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Chairs: Meusers, M. & Freiha, T.

Keywords: Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

65. O’Dell, K. (2005, April 05). EMDR can fight fears, soften troubling memories. Springfield, MO: Springfield News-Leader, Health, E4.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
Psychologists say Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, or EMDR, appears to help clients thoroughly process old painful events so they "unstick" from the conscious mind and move into resolved memory. Several Springfield-area therapists say they have used EMDR to successfully treat troubled war veterans as well as clients with a host of phobias, eating disorders, a history of sexual abuse, depression and low-self esteem.

Keywords: General Mike Murrell Overview Springfield

Accuracy Verified: Yes

66. Leeds, A. (2011, August). EMDR Case Conceptualization and Treatment Planning: How AIP leads to divergent strategies in different cases. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Orange County, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Many clinicians seek guidance with case formulation and predicting responses to EMDR reprocessing. This presentation integrates the AIP Model with adult attachment classification. Case examples illustrate clinical strategies for assessing attachment classification as a foundation for case formulation. This presentation proposes a symptom informed approach for cases with an Axis I focus – PTSD, depression, specific phobias and panic – from parallel models of de Jongh (2010), Korn (2004) and Leeds (2004, 2009). Criteria from Korn (2004, 2009), Leeds (2009) and Hofmann (2004, 2005) indicate when to consider containing and deferring reprocessing early life experiences in complex cases – personality disorders and complex PTSD.

Keywords: Adult Attachment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

67. Acierno, R., & Cahill, S. P. (1999, January-April). EMDR commentary, data, and protocol specification . Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 13, (1–2), 1–3. doi:10.1016/S0887-6185(98)00050-4.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
When Michel Hersen asked me (RA) to put together this Special Issue on Eye-Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), I quickly agreed. I was extremely excited about the opportunity to compile examples of both emerging, methodologically rigorous clinical research and “second-generation” protocol specification (e.g., EMDR methods for phobias). My excitement stemmed from the fact that the procedure seemed to produce positive effects in victims of severe trauma. Something was happening, and we were compelled to find out what, why, and how. As is usual in these types of things, I received both more and less than I bargained for. I will let the readers judge for themselves where deficits in experimental design and data interpretation lie. My co-editor and I refrained from “over-editing” articles, choosing instead to play devil’s advocate with each manuscript during the revision process in the hopes that the final papers would stand or fall on their core merits. We believe that we have accomplished this.

Keywords: ECommentary ditorial

Accuracy Verified: Yes

68. Kennedy, S. (2004, March 31). EMDR An essential “tool” for a counselor’s “toolbox”. Arizona Department of Public Safety Crime Victim Services Newsletter, 24, 1-2.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is quickly becoming a valuable and soughtafter method for treating victims of trauma. Use of EMDR is revolutionizing the treatment of commonly seen mental health problems (such as depression, anxiety, phobias, etc.) and some of the most troubling and difficult-to-treat problems professionals deal with in clinical settings (such as posttraumatic stress syndrome, substance abuse, eating disorders, and dissociative disorders).

Keywords: General Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

69. Gonzalez, A., Seijo, N., & Mosquera, D. (2009, August). EMDR in complex trauma and dissociative disorders. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Atlanta, GA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR can be safely used during the stabilization phase in a group of severely traumatized patients, not only to install positive elements, but to process dysfunctional elements (not necessarily traumatic memories, but patient-therapist relationship problems, defenses, symptoms, dissociative phobias, etc.). To postpone standard protocol until the patient has been prepared to do it in the standard way implies that the patient must resolve many of their problems without the help of EMDR processing. We will try to “think in EMDR” about severe dissociation, rather than directly apply foreign theories to EMDR work. Protocol modifications include progression, fractionation, synthesis and direction.

Keywords: Complex Trauma Dissociative Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

70. Whisman, M. (1996, June). EMDR in the treatment of panic, phobia, and obsessive compulsive disorders. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder OCD Panic Disorders Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

71. de Roos, C., & de Jongh, A. (2008). EMDR treatment of children and adolescents with a choking phobia. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 2(3), 201-211. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.2.3.201.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Given the limited number of reported cases in literature, it might be concluded that it is rare to develop a choking phobia in childhood. However, it appears as though confusion in terminology and the time lapse between the onset of the disorder and treatment often results in the diagnosis being missed. In this article, we discuss a review of the clinical symptoms, differential diagnosis, comorbidity, etiology, and treatment options for choking phobia. We present a case series, describing the successful EMDR treatment of choking phobia for 4 children and adolescents, with positive outcomes achieved in 1 or 2 sessions. In addition, a detailed transcript is presented of a 15-year-old girl with a choking phobia related to an incident that occurred 5 years previously. The rapid elimination of symptoms in all 4 cases indicates that EMDR can be an effective treatment for choking phobias resulting from previous disturbing events. Randomized research on this promising intervention is strongly suggested.

Keywords: Adolescents Children Choking Phobia Specific Phobia

Accuracy Verified: Yes

72. Young, W. (1994, June). EMDR treatment of phobic symptoms in multiple personality disorder. Dissociation, 7(2), 129-133.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Two multiple personality disorder patients with severe, persistent phobias were treated using Eye Movement Desensitization/Reprocessing (EMDR). Both patients achieved significantly beneficial results with a single session in one patient and two sessions in another. Each patient confronted the previously phobic object successfully showing an objective measure of success and results were maintained at six months follow-up. Caution should be exercised from generalizing the use of EMDR for specific target symptoms to using it as a total treatment technique. Further research is needed to determine the efficacy of EMDR as a treatment procedure in general and its role in the overall treatment of dissociative conditions. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Child Abuse DID Dissociative Identity Disorder Empirical Study Females Follow-up Study Incest Phobia Rape Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

73. Lilienfeld, S. O. (2011, April). EMDR Treatment: Less Than Meets the Eye? - Update. Quackwatch. Retrieved from http://www.quackwatch.org/01QuackeryRelatedTopics/emdr.html 0n November 3, 2011..

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
The most reasonabIe conclusion to be drawn from the extant literature is that EMDR is no more effective than standard treatments that rely on exposure to anxiety-provoking stimuli and is almost certainly effective because it happens to incorporate such exposure. In the words of Harvard psychologist Richard McNally, "What is effective in EMDR is not new, and what is new is not effective." Importantly, controlled data do not support the use of EMDR for anxiety disorders other than PTSD (e.g., phobias, obsessive-compulsive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder), mood disorders, sexual disorders, eating disorders, or psychotic disorders, although it is commonly used to treat the symptoms of these and other conditions. (Excerpt)

Keywords: Skepticism

Accuracy Verified: Yes

74. Bisping, V. (2009, Februar-Mai). EMDR und zahnbehandlungsangst [EMDR and dental anxiety]. EMDRIA Deutschland e.V. Rundbrief, 18, 21-29.

Language: German

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Zuerst wird die Zahnbehandlungsangst beschrieben, dann soll dargestellt werden, wie EMDR in diesem Fall eingesetzt werden kann, bzw. im Rahmen einer Behandlungsstudie eingesetzt wird.

First, dental anxiety is described, it will be shown how EMDR can be used in this case, or used in a treatment study.

Keywords: Dental Anxiety

Accuracy Verified: Yes

75. Bisping, V. (2011, June). EMDR with patients with dentophobia. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Vienna, Austria.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
An appointment at the dentist’s is not what most people look forward to. For some people, however, even the mere thought of having to undergo dental treatment causes them to feel extreme fear and panic. Between 5 and 15% of the world population suffer from such a pathological form of dental fear, called dental phobia. Dentally anxious individuals commonly avoid necessary dental procedures for many years despite deteriorating oral health, agonizing pain and severe psychosocial problems. The majority of individuals with dental phobia recall a traumatic event as cause for the onset of their fear. Interestingly, nearly 50% of them even suffer from posttraumatic stress symptoms, such as intrusive memories, nightmares, hyperarousal and avoidance behavior. EMDR can be a very useful instrument to help dentally anxious people to cope with past traumatic experiences and to prepare them for future confrontations with phobic stimuli. The 90-minute workshop will give background information to the problem of pathological dental fear and present evidence from research showing that EMDR is an effective treatment method for dentophobia. The main focus will be on the practical procedure, which will be illustrated using video sequences of patient sessions. Learning objectives: This workshop will provide you with the following information: •a short review of current research and literature •the use of the EMDR protocol in its specific application to dentally anxious patients, with special emphasis on preparing the patient for future confrontations by working with flashforwards, future template and video check •ways of combining EMDR with other cognitive, behavioral and imagery techniques in the treatment of dental phobia.

Keywords: Dentophobia

Accuracy Verified: Yes

76. Eschenroder, C. T. (2003). EMDR. La nuova tecnica sul movimento guidato degli occhi che fa superare traumi, fobie e ansia [EMDR. The new technique on the guided movement of the eyes that overcomes trauma, phobias and anxiety]. Red Edizioni, collana L'altra medicin, Libreria Universitaria.

Language: Italian

Format: Book

Abstract:
Emdr è una nuova psicoterapia che mediante precisi movimenti degli occhi, guidati dalle dita del terapeuta, permette in poco tempo di superare positivamente i traumi dovuti a esperienze particolarmente dolorose: incidenti gravi, abusi, violenze. Ma il suo campo di intervento si è ora allargato fino a comprendere le fobie, gli attacchi di panico, i disturbi dell'alimentazione, le tossicodipendenze.

EMDR is a psychotherapy that new form of specific eye movements, led by the fingers of the therapist, brings us quickly to overcome the traumas caused by positive experiences particularly painful accidents, abuse, violence. But its field of action has now expanded to include phobias, panic attacks, eating disorders, drug addiction.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

77. Doner, K. (1994, September). EMDR: Miracle cure or sleight of hand? . . . Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. American Health, 13(7), 78-79.

Language: English

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
Thousands of victims of phobias, rape, childhood abuse, natural disasters, and combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder have benefited from a controversial new treatment called Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). Developed in the late 1980s by psychologist Francine Shapiro, EMDR involves having patients move their eyes back and forth, following a practitioner's fingers, while the practitioner evokes an image or feeling about a specific trauma. Shapiro speculates that the method may unlock traumatic feelings and pictures from the nervous system because the eye movements in EMDR are similar to movements that occur during REM sleep, which is when the brain processes disturbing memories. Researchers are currently trying to measure the effectiveness of EMDR, which is used by an estimated 7,000 therapists across the U.S. Some critics dismiss EMDR as pop psychology promoted by hucksters.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

78. Shapiro, F., & Forrest, M. S. (1997). EMDR: The breakthrough therapy for overcoming anxiety, stress, and trauma (1st ed). New York: Basic Books.

Language: English

Format: Book

Abstract:
Hailed as the most important method to emerge in psychotherapy in decades, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) has successfully treated psychological problems and illnesses--from depression, phobias, and recurrent nightmares to post-traumatic stress disorders and grief--in more than one million sufferers worldwide, with a rapidity that almost defies belief. This Updated Edition Features a new introduction and new appendices by the author, reflecting the changes and additional research that has been done since the book's original publication. It describes a breakthrough therapy acclaimed by many clinicians and supported by exhaustive research The book also includes an extensive list of EMDR resources and directions for finding and choosing one of the more than 20,000 trained EMDR therapists in the United States Finally, this work presents case histories of people whose lives have been transformed through EMDR. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Anxiety Depression Emotional Trauma Grief Major Depression Mental Disorders Nightmares Phobias Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Stress Therapy Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

79. Shapiro, F. (2008). EMDR: Desensibilización y reprocesamiento por medio de movimiento ocular [EMDR: Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing]. Santa Cruz Atoyac: Pax Mex Editorial.

Language: Spanish

Format: Book

Abstract:
En tan solo unos cuantos años, el modo EMDR se ha convertido en el tratamiento más elaborado para el desorden de estrés postraumático (entre otras perturbaciones). El método EMDR es un tratamiento legítimo y poderoso. Modelo integral y eficiente en el tratamiento de experiencias perturbadoras, el método EMDR incorpora diversos aspectos de terapias sistémicas, psicodinámicas, experienciales, conductuales y corporales. Consiste en ocho fases que comprenden el uso de movimientos oculares y otras formas de estimulación izquierda-derecha. Es eficaz para tratar el desorden de estrés postraumático y reprocesar pensamientos y recuerdos perturbadores o problemas psicológicos de sobrevivientes de traumas, de abuso sexual, de crímenes, de combate bélico, así como de fobias y desórdenes causados por experiencias vivenciales y proporciona en poco tiempo efectos clínicos profundos y estables. Con descripciones y transcripciones detalladas, la autora guía al clínico por cada etapa del tratamiento terapéutico, desde la selección de los clientes hasta la aplicación del método y su integración dentro de un plan integral de tratamiento clínico. Escrito de manera accesible, este libro es una guía invaluable tanto para los clínicos experimentados en el tratamiento EMDR como para las personas que acaban de conocer el método, y para los estudiantes avanzados de psicología clínica y psicoterapia.

In just a few years, mode EMDR has become more elaborate treatment for PTSD (among other disturbances) clutter. The methodEMDR is a legitimate and powerful treatment. Comprehensive and efficient model in the treatment of disturbing experiences, the methodEMDR incorporates aspects of systemic therapies, psychodynamic, experienciales, behavioural and body. Consists of eight phases comprising the use of eye movements and other forms of left-right stimulation. It is effective in treating post-traumatic stress disorder and re-processing thoughts and disturbing memories or psychological problems of survivors of trauma, sexual abuse, of crimes, war combat, as well as phobias and disorders caused by vivenciales experiences and provides deep and stable clinical effects in a short time. With descriptions and detailed transcripts, the author guides the clinical through every stage of therapeutic, treatment from clients to the implementation of the method and their integration within a comprehensive clinical treatment plan selection. Written in an accessible manner, this book is an invaluable guide for clinicians in the treatmentEMDR as for people just know the method and for advanced students of clinical psychology and psychotherapy.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

80. Parnell, L. (2009, December). EMDR: A trauma therapy power-tool. Presentation at the 21st International Psychology of Health, Immunity & Disease Conference, Hilton Head, SC.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a revolutionary, powerful therapeutic method for healing the devastation of trauma. In addition to the treatment of PTSD, EMDR can treat the psychological effects of smaller traumas related to symptoms of depression, anxiety, phobias, low self-esteem, creativity blocks and relationship difficulties. Not only can healing occur more rapidly with EMDR than in traditional therapy, but the clearing of emotional/physical blockages results in positive spirituality.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

81. Parnell, L. (2009, October). EMDR: A trauma therapy power-tool. Presentation at the NICABM (National Institute for the Clinical Application of Behavioral Medicine) Conference, Hilton Head, SC.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

82. Roques, J. (2004). EMDR: Une révolution thérapeutique [EMDR: A revolutionary therapy]. Paris: Desclee de Brouwer.

Language: French

Format: Book

Abstract:
Voici une découverte thérapeutique qui bouleverse notre compréhension du fonctionnement psychique. Conçu en 1987 aux USA par Francine Shapiro pour guérir les traumatismes psychiques, l'EMDR permet de soigner aussi bien d'autres problématiques névrotiques (phobies, angoisses, états dépressifs, etc.). Cette méthode a été importée en France en 1994. Son efficacité a pu être vérifiée aussitôt en cabinet et en milieu hospitalier. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing ou EMDR peut se traduire par Désensibilisation et retraitement (de l'information) par les mouvements oculaires. Si le mouvement de l'œil revêt effectivement une grande importance dans la gestion neurologique de la mémoire, il n'en est pas l'unique ressort comme on pourrait le croire. D'autres modes complémentaires de stimulation sensorielle alternée du cerveau, mis en œuvre par un thérapeute expérimenté, peuvent activer pareillement le travail de cicatrisation psychique et de guérison. Ce livre a pour vocation d'éclairer et d'informer, mais aussi d'enseigner. Il est accessible à toute personne désireuse de comprendre la pathologie et son traitement. A vocation didactique, il s'adresse également aux professionnels du soin en raison de sa dimension théorique approfondie et de ses développements cliniques.

Here is a drug discovery that overturns our understanding of psychic functioning. Designed in 1987 by Francine Shapiro in the U.S. to heal the psychological trauma, EMDR can cure anything other neurotic problems (phobias, anxiety, depression, etc..). This method has been imported into France in 1994. Its effectiveness has been verified once in office and hospital. Eye Movement Reprocessing, or EMDR Desensitizer and may result in desensitization and reprocessing (of information) by eye movements. If the eye movement is actually of great importance in the management of neurological memory, it is not the only emerging as one might think. Other complementary modes of alternating sensory stimulation of the brain, implemented by an experienced therapist, may similarly activate the work of healing and psychic healing. This book aims to enlighten and inform, but also to teach. It is available to anyone wishing to understand the pathology and treatment. A didactic, it also addresses care professionals because of its theoretical dimension and depth of its clinical development.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

83. Grant, M. (2000, May). EMDR: A new treatment for trauma and chronic pain. Complementary Therapies in Nursing and Midwifery, 6(2), 91-94. doi:10.1054/ctnm.2000.0459.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) is a new psychological treatment for trauma that is capable of facilitating rapid and permanent reduction in distressing thoughts and feelings (Carlson et al. 1998,Wilson et al. 1995). In addition to reduction of psychological distress, the method leads to more adaptive attitudes and functioning. The utility of the method also appears to extend beyond trauma with Goldstein & Feske 1994, Grant 1986). As a treatment for pain EMDR offers a method of positive results reported in the treatment of addictions, phobias, and pain (Henry 1996, facilitating permanent changes in how pain is experienced somatically and emotionally. Knowledge and understanding of the principles underlying EMDR can also provide a guide for more effective interventions by pain specialists. [PubMed]

Keywords: Chronic Pain Pain Control Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

84. Chain, S. (1993). EMDR: A new treatment procedure for trauma and phobias. Men’s Issues Forum, 4(1), 1-3.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
EMDR or Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing is a new treatment procedure for persons suffering from trauma and phobias. Recently developed, it offers the potential for fairly rapid treatment for persons suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Keywords: Phobias Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

85. 市井雅哉 [Ichii Masaya]. (2008年6月). EMDR…トラウマ治療の新常識 [EMDR ... a new common sense of trauma treatment]. こころの臨床ア・ラカルト, 29(2), 163-344 [Clinical Psychology: Various Aspects], 27(2), 163-344.

Language: Japanese

Format: Journal

Abstract:
《今回の特集：EMDR…トラウマ治療の新常識》本誌でEMDR（眼球運動による脱感作と再処理法）を，「これは奇跡だろうか！」と紹介してから10年。今やPTSDのみならず，ボーダーラインや発達障害の領域でもめざましい治療効果を発揮し，心理療法のあり方そのものをダイナミックに変革しようとしています。本特集ではさまざまな疑問に答える50のQ&Aや座談会など多方面から，「奇跡を確実に，安全に起こす治療法」として，再びEMDRの魅力と可能性に迫ります。

"The topic of today: EMDR ... a new sense of trauma treatment" The publication EMDR (and re-treatment of eye movement desensitization), and "Will this be a miracle!" From 10 years to introduce. Now not only PTSD, but demonstrated a remarkable therapeutic effect and developmental disabilities borderline area, trying to transform itself into a dynamic way of psychotherapy. In this special issue is to answer 50 questions from various fields, various Q & A and roundtable discussion, "Surely a miracle cure for lead safe" as the possibility looms again appeal and EMDR.

Keywords: Autism Spectrum Children Crime Victims DESNOS Gender Identification Disorders Hypnotism Loss of Coordination Disorder Parents Phobias Sexual Abuse Victims Traumatic Bereavement Truancy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

86. Feinstein, D. (2008). Energy psychology: A review of the preliminary evidence. Psychotherapy, 45(2), 199-213. doi:10.1037/0033-3204.45.2.199.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Energy psychology utilizes imaginal and narrative-generated exposure, paired with interventions that reduce hyperarousal through acupressure and related techniques. According to practitioners, this leads to treatment outcomes that are more rapid, powerful, and precise than the strategies used in other exposure-based treatments such as relaxation or diaphragmatic breathing. The method has been exceedingly controversial. It relies on unfamiliar procedures adapted from non- Western cultures, posits unverified mechanisms of action, and early claims of unusual speed and therapeutic power ran far ahead of initial empirical support. This paper reviews a hierarchy of evidence regarding the efficacy of energy psychology, from anecdotal reports to randomized clinical trials. Although the evidence is still preliminary, energy psychology has reached the minimum threshold for being designated as an evidence-based treatment, with one form having met the APA Division 12 criteria as a “probably efficacious treatment” for specific phobias; another for maintaining weight loss. The limited scientific evidence, combined with extensive clinical reports, suggests that energy psychology holds promise as a rapid and potent treatment for a range of psychological conditions.

Keywords: Energy psychology

Accuracy Verified: Yes

87. Doering, S., Bisping, V., Nora Liebergesell, N., Hoffkes, B., Junghofer, M., & Dobel, C. (2012). Erfassung neurobiologischer orrelate der EMDR-behandlung bei patienten mit zahnbehandlungsangst [Detection of neurobiological correlates of EMDR treatment in patients with dental anxiety]. Universitätsklinikum Münster, Kliniken, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Forschung, Munster, Deutschland.

Language: German

Format: Other

Abstract:
Im Rahmen des zuvor dargestellten Projektes werden die Patienten vor und nach der EMDR-Intervention mit einer Magnetencephalografie (MEG) untersucht. Dabei soll erfasst werden, ob die erwarteten angstassoziierten kortikalen Aktivierungen nach der EMDR-Behandlung zurückgehen. Als Angst auslösende Stimuli werden im MEG Bilder, Geräusche und Gerüche dargeboten werden, die in Zusammenhang mit der Zahnbehandlung stehen.

As part of the [Wirksamkeit des Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) bei Patienten mit Zahnbehandlungsphobie, (Doering, Bisping, Bohnke)] project a Magnetencephalografie (MEG) will be presented before the patients were examined before and after the EMDR intervention. It should be recognized that the expected angst associated cortical activations to go back to the EMDR treatment. As fear-inducing stimuli in the MEG images, sounds and smells will be presented, which are associated with dental treatment.

The purpose of this study is to find out whether Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is effective in the treatment of patients with dental phobia. This U.S. National Institues of Health Clinical trial has been completed. (U.S. National Institutes of Health ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01207960)

Keywords: Dental Phobia

Accuracy Verified: Yes

88. Berthon, C. (2008). Evaluation des souvenirs traumatiques dans les troubles phobiques et perspectives thérapeutiques en EMDR [Evaluation of traumatic memories in phobic disorders and therapeutic perspectives in EMDR]. Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Versailles, France.

Language: French

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Les phobies sont des pathologies fréquentes dont l'étiopathogénie est multifactorielle. Actuellement, le traitement repose essentiellement sur les antidépresseurs et sur la thérapie cognitivo-comportementale (TCC). L'EMDR (Eye-Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) semble efficace dans le traitement des phobies et ce d'autant plus qu'une composante traumatique est présente. Cette thérapie pourrait donc constituer une alternative intéressante aux TCC. Cependant, il n'existe à ce jour aucun outil pour sélectionner les candidats à l'EMDR. Nous avons mis au point une échelle d'hétéro-évaluation permettant de calculer un score total d'impact de souvenirs potentiellement traumatiques. Cet outil est testé chez 29 patients. Notre étude permet de confirmer la pertinence et la faisabilité d'une telle évaluation des souvenirs traumatiques. En effet, cette échelle a d'une part un intérêt étiopathogénique (évaluation de la dimension traumatique dans les phobies) et d'autre part un intérêt thérapeutique.

Phobias are common diseases whose pathogenesis is multifactorial. Currently, treatment is based primarily on antidepressants and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing-) appears to be effective in the treatment of phobias and even more traumatic one component is present. This therapy could therefore be an interesting alternative to CBT. However, there is currently no tool to select candidates for EMDR. We developed a scale of hetero-assessment to calculate a total score impact potentially traumatic memories. This tool has been tested in 29 patients. Our study confirms the relevance and feasibility of such an assessment of traumatic memories. Indeed, this scale has a share interest etiopathogenic (assessment in phobias traumatic dimension) and other therapeutic interest.

Keywords: Phobias Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

89. Alexander, J. (2000, February 14). Exploring the alternatives. The Express.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
EMDR is a technique which can help you look fears and phobias in the eye. With a simple series of rapid eye movements, practitioners believe you can access the source of anxieties and dispel the fear. It's swift, effective and the results are long-lasting.

Keywords: General Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

90. Muris, P., & de Jongh, A. (1996, August). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. Kind en Adolescent, 17(3), 128-134. doi:10.1007/BF03060628.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is een nieuwe behandelingsmethode voor posttraumatische stress–stoornis en andere trauma–gerelateerde angstklachten. In essentie behelst EMDR het volgende: cliënten nemen een traumatische of aversieve herinnering in gedachten en voeren onderwijl oogbewegingen uit door de hand van de therapeut te volgen. Onder invloed van de oogbewegingen zouden negatieve herinneringen hun pathogene karakter verliezen en alsnog adequaat worden verwerkt. Na een beknopte uiteenzetting over de achtergrond van EMDR en de toepassing van deze techniek bij kinderen, wordt de procedure beschreven en toegelicht aan de hand van twee gevalsbeschrijvingen. Speciale aandacht gaat daarbij uit naar behandelingsaspecten die voor het gebruik van EMDR bij kinderen relevant kunnen zijn. EMDR lijkt een nuttige aanvulling op reeds beschikbare behandelingsvormen. Vooralsnog is een kritische houding echter geboden.

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a new treatment for post traumatic stress disorder and other trauma-related anxiety. EMDR involves essentially the following: clients take an aversive or traumatic memory in mind and implement the while eye movements in the hands of the therapist to follow. Under the influence of eye movements were negative memories lose their pathogenic character and still be properly processed. After a brief discussion of the background of EMDR and the application of this technique in children, the procedure is described and illustrated by two case reports. Special attention is paid to aspects of treatment for the use of EMDR in children may be relevant. EMDR appears to be a useful complement the available treatment modalities. For now, however, offered a critical attitude.

Keywords: Anxiety Case Report Children Female Phobias Spider Phobia Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Trauma-Related Anxiety

Accuracy Verified: Yes

91. Fernandez, I. [2008]. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. Progetto TiAMA [Project TiAMA].

Language: Italian

Format: Other

Abstract:
EMDR è un acronimo per Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (Desensibilizzazione e Rielaborazione attraverso i Movimenti Oculari). E' un metodo clinico innovativo che ha aiutato con successo ormai più di un milione di individui reduci da eventi traumatici (abuso sessuale, violenza in famiglia, guerra, crimini) ma anche soggetti con altri disturbi psicologici (depressione, dipendenze, fobie e aspetti legati all'auto stima).

EMDR is an acronym for Eye Movement desensitization and reprocessing (desensitization and reprocessing eye movements). It 'an innovative clinical method that has already successfully helped over a million people emerging from traumatic events (sexual abuse, family violence, war crimes), but also those with other psychological disorders (depression, addictions, phobias and issues self esteem).

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

92. Aetna, Inc. 2008). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy. Aetna Clinical Policy Bulletins.

Language: English

Format: Publication

Abstract:
Policy: Aetna considers eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy medically necessary for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy is a complex method of psychotherapy that combines a range of therapeutic approaches with eye movements or other forms of rhythmical stimulation (e.g., sound and touch) in ways that stimulate the brain's information processing system. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing was introduced in 1989 as a treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Since then, it has been proposed as a treatment of various psychiatric and behavioral disorders including phobias, panic and anxiety disorders, as well as eating disorders.

Keywords: Practice Guidelines

Accuracy Verified: Yes

93. de Jongh, A., & ten Broeke, E. (1996, April). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): Een procedure voor de behandeling van aan trauma gerelateerde angst [Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): A procedure for the treatment of trauma-related anxiety]. Tijdschrift voor Psychotherapie, 22(2), 53-64. doi:10.1007/BF03079287.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR ) is een relatief nieuwe procedure op het terrein van de psychotherapie. Ervaringen met EMDR geven aanleiding tot hoopvolle verwachtingen van de behandeling van diverse aan trauma gerelateerde angststoornissen, met name post–traumatische stress–stoornis (PTSS). Onderdeel van deze procedure is dat de therapeut bij de cliënt een aantal snelle en ritmische oogbewegingen uitlokt door te vragen zijn of haar vinger te volgen, terwijl de cliënt een beeld van de traumatische herinnering in gedachten houdt. In dit artikel worden de achtergronden en de principes van EMDR belicht en wordt de stapsgewijze procedure uitvoerig beschreven. Een gevalsbeschrijving van een cliënt met een paniekstoornis en een tandartsfobie laat zien dat EMDR kan leiden tot een langdurige vermindering van angstklachten. Tevens wordt ingegaan op de huidige stand van zaken van de wetenschappelijke ondersteuning van EMDR . Het toepassen van EMDR bij PTSSwordt door wetenschappelijk onderzoek gesteund, maar empirische ondersteuning voor de therapeutische effectiviteit van EMDR bij andere angststoornissen ontbreekt.

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a relatively new procedure in the field of psychotherapy. Experiences with EMDR give rise to hopes of treating various anxiety disorders related to trauma, especially post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Part of this procedure is that the therapist and the client a number of rapid rhythmic eye movements provoked by asking his or her finger to follow, while the customer a picture of the traumatic memory in mind. This article describes the background and principles of EMDR and highlights the stepwise procedure in detail. A case report of a patient with a dental phobia and panic disorder showed that EMDR could lead to a prolonged reduction of anxiety. It also discusses the current state of the scientific support of EMDR. The use of EMDR in PTSSwordt supported by scientific research, but empirical support for the therapeutic efficacy of EMDR with other anxiety disorders is lacking.

Keywords: Clinical Case Study Dental Phobia Empirical Study Follow-up Study Panic Disorder Phobia Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Stressors Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

94. Scholten, A. (2006, December). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): A controversial treatment for trauma survivors. Carl R. Darnall Army Medical Center, Mental Health, 1-3.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Proponents of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) claim it is a breakthrough treatment for those plagued with traumatic memories and other psychological problems. But does it actually work? Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is a relatively new therapeutic technique that increasing numbers of mental health professionals are using in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), phobias, and a wide variety of psychological disorders. According to the American Psychiatric Association, this fairly complicated treatment includes elements of behavioral, cognitive, psychodynamic, body-based, and systems therapies.

Keywords: Survivors Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

95. Derksen, M. T., & Baeten, B. M. (2009). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in de ziekenhuispsychiatrie: Een stap voorwaarts [Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in hospital psychiatry: A step forward]. Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie, 51(3).

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) is een intensieve vorm van psychotherapie voor mensen die last houden van de gevolgen van een schokkende ervaring. Een deel van de getroffenen 'verwerkt' deze ervaringen op eigen kracht. Anderen ontwikkelen psychische klachten. Juist deze klachten in het hier en nu als gevolg van een schokkende gebeurtenis in het verleden maken de gebeurtenis tot een traumatische gebeurtenis. In 1993 werd emdr in Nederland geïntroduceerd. Na een bloeiende ontwikkeling onder therapeuten die werken met getraumatiseerde patiënten en tegelijkertijd veel wetenschappelijke scepsis, is emdr tegenwoordig vastgesteld als behandeling van eerste keus voor posttraumatische stressstoornis (ptss). In de afgelopen jaren werd de procedure verfijnd en evolueerde zij tot een volwaardige therapeutische behandelmethode met protocollen voor verschillende vormen van traumagerelateerde psychopathologie zoals ptss, fobieën, rouw, pijnstoornis, paniekstoornis, somatoforme stoornis en verslaving. Het is een snelle, effectieve therapievorm die zelfstandig of aanvullend binnen de behandeling kan worden gebruikt. Vorm: Tijdens deze workshop wordt de emdr-procedure in hoofdlijnen uiteengezet. De bijzondere kenmerken en effecten van emdr worden besproken en geïllustreerd met videobeelden van behandelingen van patiënten met traumatische ervaringen in de levensgeschiedenis. Het toepassingsgebied wordt besproken zodat adequaat verwezen kan worden. Er is tijd voor vragen en een interactieve discussie. Leerdoel: (1) Kennis van de emdr-procedure; (2) kennis van de plaats van emdr binnen de psychotherapie; (3) inzicht in de indicatiestelling van emdr; (4) inzicht in het nut voor psychiaters zich de emdr-methode eigen te maken als welkome aanvulling op bestaande psychotherapieën.

EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is an intensive form of psychotherapy for people to suffer from the effects of a shocking experience. Some of the victims 'process' these experiences on their own. Others develop psychological problems. Precisely these problems in the here and now because of a shocking event in the past to make the event a traumatic event. In 1993, EMDR was introduced in the Netherlands. After a thriving development among therapists working with traumatized patients, while many scientific skepticism, EMDR is now established as the treatment of choice for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In recent years, the procedure was refined and evolved it into a valuable therapeutic approach with protocols for various forms of trauma related psychopathology such as PTSD, phobias, grief, pain disorder, panic disorder, somatoform disorder and addiction. It is a fast, effective form of therapy on their own or within the additional treatment may be used. This workshop will form the EMDR procedure guidelines put out. The particular characteristics and effects of EMDR are discussed and illustrated with video images of treatment for patients with traumatic experiences in the life. The scope is to be discussed so that appropriate reference. There is a time for questions and interactive discussion. learning goal (1) Knowledge of the EMDR procedure, (2) knowledge of the location of EMDR in psychotherapy, (3) understand the indications for EMDR, (4) perceptions of the usefulness of psychiatrists to the EMDR method to own make a welcome addition to existing psychotherapies.

Keywords: Hospital Psychiatry

Accuracy Verified: Yes

96. Muris, P., Merckelbach, H., van Haaften, H., & Mayer, B. (1997, July). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing versus exposure in vivo: A single-session crossover study of spider-phobic children. British Journal of Psychiatry, 171(1), 82-86. doi:10.1192/bjp.171.1.82.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Background: Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) is a relatively new therapeutic technique that has been proposed as a treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder and other anxiety complaints. Method: We compared the efficacy of EMDR with that of exposure in vivo in the treatment of a specific phobia. Twenty-two spider-phobic children who met the DSM-III-R criteria for specific phobia participated in the study. Children were treated with one session of exposure in vivo and one session of EMDR in a crossover design. Treatment outcome was evaluated by self-report measures, a behavioural avoidance test and a physiological index (skin conductance level). Results: Results showed positive effects of EMDR, but also suggest that it is especially self-report measures that are sensitive to EMDR. Improvement on a behavioural measure was less pronounced, and exposure in vivo was found to be superior in reducing avoidance behaviour. With regard to skin conductance level, EMDR and exposure in vivo did not differ. Conclusions: EMDR has no additional value in treatment of this type of animal phobia, for which exposure in vivo is the treatment of choice.

Keywords: Empirical Study Exposure Therapy Phobias Spider Phobia

Accuracy Verified: Yes

97. Shapiro, F. (1995). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Basic principles, protocols, and procedures, 1st Ed. New York: Guilford Press.

Language: English

Format: Book

Abstract:
This book reviews research and development; discusses theoretical constructs and possible underlying mechanisms; and presents protocols and procedures for treatment of adults and children with a range of complaints. Among the many clinical populations for whom the material is this volume is applicable are victims of sexual abuse, violence, combat, grief, and phobias.To assist the learning process, detailed descriptions and transcripts guide the clinician through every stage of therapeutic treatment, ranging from the safety issues necessary for appropriate client selection through the administration of EMDR and its integration within a comprehensive treatment plan. Only licensed mental health professionals, or those under direct supervision of licensed clinicians, should use the procedures and protocols in this book. The book has been written with four kinds of readers in mind: academicians, researchers, clinicians, and clinical graduate students. [Adapted from Text]

Keywords: Abuse Adults Assessment Child Abuse Children DID Dissociative Identity Disorder Dissociative Symptoms Incest Methodology Neurophysiology Patient Selection Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Spouse Survivors Veterans

Accuracy Verified: Yes

98. Shapiro, F. (2001). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Basic principles, protocols, and procedures, 2nd Ed. New York: Guilford Press.

Language: English

Format: Book

Abstract:
This book reviews research and development; discusses theoretical constructs and possible underlying mechanisms; and presents protocols and procedures for treatment of adults and children with a range of complaints. Among the many clinical populations for whom the material is this volume is applicable are victims of sexual abuse, violence, combat, grief, and phobias. To assist the learning process, detailed descriptions and transcripts guide the clinician through every stage of therapeutic treatment, ranging from the safety issues necessary for appropriate client selection through the administration of EMDR and its integration within a comprehensive treatment plan. Only licensed mental health professionals, or those under direct supervision of licensed clinicians, should use the procedures and protocols in this book. The book has been written with four kinds of readers in mind: academicians, researchers, clinicians, and clinical graduate students. [Adapted from Text of 1st Edition]

Keywords: Adults Assessment Child Abuse Children Dissociative Identity Disorder Dissociative Symptoms Incest Methodology Neurophysiology Patient Selection Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Spouse Abuse Survivors Veterans

Accuracy Verified: Yes

99. Foster, S., & Lendl, J. (1995, September). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Initial application for enhancing performance in athletes. Presentation at the annual meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Applied Sport Psychology, New Orleans, LA..

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) procedure, developed by Francine Shapiro, PhD, was introduced as a new rapid treatment for anxiety and related traumata. In a controlled study (Shapiro, 1989), rape victims and Vietnam veterans experienced a significant decrease in distressing symptoms--flashbacks, ruminating, sleep disturbance, and uncomfortable physiological arousal. Additional outcomes were the subjects cognitive restructuring of what had happened to them. Subsequent research studies reported therapeutic outcomes with a variety of disorders- phobias (Kleinknecht, 1993), panic disorder (Goldstein, 1992), dissociative disorder (Paulsen et el, 1993) and PTSD (Wilson et al, In press). The first author was the first EMDR-trained clinician to apply EMDR in performance enhancement work, beginning with sales professionals. The authors have now used EMDR with nearly sixty Individual athletes ranking from amateur to Olympic hopeful, across several different sports. Their single case findings suggest that EMDR amplifies and accelerates the benefits of standard mental training. Their data indicates EMDR speeds psychological recovery from sport injury and coming back from a loss, adds in working through difficulties with past coaches, reduces fears about competition, and improves overall athletic performance.

Keywords: Athletes Performance Enhancement

Accuracy Verified: Yes

100. Lohr, J., Tolin, D., & Kleinknecht, R. (1995, June). Eye movement desensitization of medical phobias: Two case studies. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 26(2), 141-151. doi:10.1016/0005-7916(95)00011-N.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
We treated two medical phobic subjects with eye movement desensitization (EMD). Using detailed images of fear-related events, the treatment design conformed to an additive, within-series phase change to examine enduring effects. Results indicated that both subjects' verbal reports of fear decreased substantially using the EMD procedure. There were no consistent changes in heart rate. Similarly, self-reported fear toward a simulated blood draw decreased, but heart rate and blood pressure did not. Data for a number of standardized measures of medical fear indicated posttreatment reduction for both subjects. Anecdotal reports of medical procedures revealed limited generalization of treatment effects.

Keywords: Medical Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

101. Foster, S. (1995, September). Eye movement desensitization reprocessing: Initial application for enhancing performance in athletes. In (Doug Asher, Presider) Non-traditional Interventions for Performance Enhancement. Colloquium presented at the 10th Annual Conference of the Association for the Advancement of Applied Sport Psychology, New Orleans, LA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) procedure, developed by Francine Shapiro, PhD, was introduced as a new rapid treatment for anxiety and related traumata. In a controlled study (Shapiro, 1989), rape victims and Vietnam veterans experienced a significant decrease in distressing symptoms--flashbacks, ruminating, sleep disturbance, and uncomfortable physiological arousal. Additional outcomes were the subjects cognitive restructuring of what had happened to them. Subsequent research studies reported therapeutic outcomes with a variety ofdisorders- phobias (Kleinknecht, 1993), panic disorder (Goldstein, 1992), dissociative disorder (Paulsen et el, 1993) and PTSD (Wilson et al, In press). The first author was the first EMDR-trained clinician to apply EMDR in performance enhancement work, beginning with sales professionals. The authors have now used EMDR with nearly sixty Individual athletes ranking from amateur to Olympic hopeful, across several different sports. Their single case findings suggest that EMDR amplifies and accelerates the benefits of standard mental training. Their data indicates EMDR speeds psychological recovery from sport injury and coming back from a loss, adds in working through difficulties with past coaches, reduces fears about competition, and improves overall athletic performance.

Keywords: Athletes Colloquium Performance Enhancement

Accuracy Verified: Yes

102. Medeiros, K. (2009). Eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing: Implementation and utilization of EMDR as a treatment for trauma. Undergraduate Review, 5(9), 32-36.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Trauma is a pervasive global issue that affects both children and adults. It is officially defined in the most recent Diagnostic Manual as an event that threatens death or serious injury, and that elicits a response of fear, helplessness, or horror (American Psychiatric Association, 2002). Other respected definitions include a “sudden, unexpected, overwhelmingly intense emotional blow....[that] quickly becomes incorporated into the mind” (Terr, 1992, p. 8), and something that makes “both internal and external resources... inadequate to cope with external threat” (Van der Kolk, 1989, p. 393). Literature suggests that people who have experienced trauma may present with symptoms including depression, anxiety, insomnia, phobias, delayed development, difficulty maintaining social relationships, and personality disorders.

Keywords: Trauma Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

103. Dees, L. (2006, November 2). Eye-movement therapists tackle post-traumatic stress. Portland, OR: The Forecaster.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a form of psychotherapy used to relieve the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. EMDR was developed in 1987 by American psychologist Dr. Francine Shapiro. Shapiro studied the impact of EMDR on reducing the symptoms of post-traumatic stress syndrome in Vietnam combat veterans. EMDR has since been expanded to include applications for grief, phobias, anxiety, depression, abuse, performance anxiety and addictions.

Keywords: General Molly Stanley Overview Portland Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

104. de Jongh, A. (2010, April). Fijne kneepjes bij angsten en fobieën [Intricacies of fears and phobias]. Workshop gepresenteerd aan de vierde congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Nijmegen, The Nederlands.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
De fijne kneepjes van het behandelen van angsten- en fobieën Een fobie is de meest voorkomende psychische aandoening. Het hebben van een dergelijke angst is vervelend en degene die er last van heeft wordt vaak behoorlijk beperkt in het dagelijks functioneren. Omdat angsten meestal ontstaan als gevolg van gebeurtenissen blijkt EMDR – middels het op therapeutische wijze beïnvloeden van de kennisbestanden die daaraan ten grondslag liggen - een bijzonder geschikte behandelaanpak. Deze workshop is bedoeld voor ervaren therapeuten die hun reikwijdte ten aanzien van behandeling van patiënten met een angst of fobie - al dan niet met behulp van EMDR - verder wil vergroten. De deelnemers krijgen naast tips en ideeën, een nieuwe vorm van casusconceptualisatie en targetselectie aangereikt die vooral bij patiënten met veel vermijdingstendenties effectief is. Daarnaast wordt uitgelegd hoe cognitieve gedragstherapeutische interventies behulpzaam kunnen zijn om de patiënt voor te bereiden op - of te laten wennen aan – toekomstige, potentieel moeilijke confrontaties met de fobische stimulussituatie. Het aangeleerde materiaal - dat wordt ondersteund door videobeelden uit de praktijk - kan direct in de praktijk worden toegepast. Aan de orde komen een grote variëteit aan voorbeelden van behandelingen van patiënten met fobische problematiek: braakfobie, tandartsfobie, stikfobie, kattenfobie en bloed-letsel-injectiefobie. De workshop is geschikt voor behandelaars, zowel op het terrein van volwassenen als kinderen en jeugd. Het doel van de workshop is deelnemers na de workshop in staat te stellen om: ● fobische problematiek te conceptualiseren in termen van EMDR ● gebruik te maken van een nieuwe methode van casusconceptualisatie en targetselectie voor het behandelen van angsten en fobieën ● de verschillende effectieve componenten van een EMDR behandeling aan te wenden en te integreren (cognitive interweaves, future template, mental video etc.) ten behoeve van de behandeling van angsten en fobieën ● EMDR te combineren met diverse evidence based interventies zoals, copingstrategieën (bijvoorbeeld bij injectiefobie) gedragsexperimenten (bijvoorbeeld bij stikfobie) en applied tension (bij bloed-letsel-injectiefobie)

This workshop is designed for experienced therapists who range in relation to treatment of patients with a fear or phobia - or not using EMDR - continue to increase. Participants receive tips and ideas in addition, a new form of target selection and casusconceptualisatie handed mainly in patients with many avoiding tendencies effective. Besides explaining how cognitive behavioral interventions may be helpful to the patient to prepare for - or get used to - future, potentially difficult confrontation with the phobic stimulussituatie. The learned material - supported by video footage from the ground - straight into practice. It discusses a variety of examples of treatments of patients with phobic problem: empty phobia, dentist phobia, phobia sewing, cats phobia and blood-injection-injury phobia. The workshop is suitable for therapists, both in the field of adults and children and youth. The aim of the workshop participants after the workshop to allow for: ● phobic to conceptualize problems in terms of EMDR ● Using a new method of target selection and casusconceptualisatie to treat fears and phobias ● the various components of an effective EMDR treatment to use and integrate (cognitive interweaves futures template, mental video etc.) for the treatment of fears and phobias ● EMDR combined with various evidence based interventions such as coping strategies (eg injection phobia) behavioral experiments (eg nitrogen phobia) and Applied tension (In blood-injection-injury phobia)

Keywords: Fears Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

105. Bowden, M. (1994, July 3). Finger-wagging seems to work: Treatment is the latest rage for dealing with traumatic memories. Mobile, AL: Mobile Register, AM, E13.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
Now, they've taken to furiously wagging their fingers in front of the patient's face. It's called ``Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing,'' or EMDR to the cognoscenti, and it's the latest rage, practiced now by thousands of respected therapists in the treatment of traumatic memories and phobias.

Keywords: General Overview Mobile

Accuracy Verified: Yes

106. Bowden, M. (1994, July 3). Finger-wagging, schoolmarm style, the rage in therapy. Tampa, FL: The Tampa Tribune, Metropolitan Edition, Nation/World, 16.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
Now, they've taken to furiously wagging their fingers in front of the patient's face. It's called "Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing," or EMDR to the cognoscenti, and it's the latest rage, practiced now by thousands of respected therapists in the treatment of traumatic memories and phobias.

Keywords: General Overview Tampa

Accuracy Verified: Yes

107. Nofal, S. (2008). Fobias infantiles [Childhood phobias]. In P. Solvey & R. C. Ferrazzano de Solvey (Series Eds.), Terapias de avanzada [Advanced therapies]: Vol. 1, Técnicas de Integración Cerebral, Técnicas Basadas en la Energía, Fundamentos Teóricos, Trastornos de Ansiedad [Brain integration techniques, Energy-based techniques, Fundamental theories, Anxiety disorders] (1st ed.) (pp. 289-310) Buenos Aires: TdeA Ediciones.

Language: Spanish

Format: Book Section

Keywords: Children Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

108. Nofal, S. (2008). Fobias infantiles: Su tratamiento con EMDR[Childhood phobias: Their treatment with EMDR]. In P. Solvey & R. C. Ferrazzano de Solvey (Series Eds.), Terapias de avanzada [Series on advanced therapies]: Vol. 1. (1a ed.) (pp. 289-310) Buenos Aires: TdeA Ediciones.

Language: Spanish

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
No abstract available.

Keywords: Childhood Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

109. Leeds, A. M. (2012, November). Guía de protocolos estándar de EMDR para terapeutas, supervisores y consultores [A guide to the standard EMDR protocols for clinicians, supervisors, and consultants]. Bilbao ESPAÑA: Desclée De Brouwer.

Language: Spanish

Format: Book

Abstract:
Aprender a utilizar el EMDR con seguridad y eficacia requiere la integración de una amplia gama de conocimientos y competencias. Esta guía quiere ser una orientación para las cuestiones clínicas, profesionales y de gestión de riesgos con las que los profesionales del EMDR se encuentran a diario. Siguiendo el modelo de las ocho fases de la EMDR, el libro propone una guía clara y detallada para la utilización de los protocolos convencionales de EMDR para el tratamiento del trastorno de estrés postraumático, fobias y ataques de pánico. También se incluyen pautas para la formulación de casos, la planificación del tratamiento y para preparar a los pacientes para el reprocesamiento con EMDR. Además, la guía también contiene muestras de contratos para supervisión y formularios para documentar los resúmenes de los casos y los resultados de los tratamientos, así como: - gráficos, formularios, ilustraciones, tablas y árboles de decisión para guiar la planificación del tratamiento y la documentación. - estudios de casos con trascripciones que ilustran los distintos protocolos y pautas para tomar decisiones informadas. - cuestiones éticas de aplicación clínica, consulta, supervisión e investigación. Gracias a las pautas de tratamiento claras y concisas sobre el uso clínico del EMDR, este libro es un recurso de incalculable valor para terapeutas en activo, supervisores, consultores y directores clínicos.

Learning to use EMDR safely and effectively requires the integration of a wide range of knowledge and skills. This guide is intended as a guide for clinical, professional and risk management with which EMDR practitioners encounter daily. Modeled after the eight phases of EMDR, the book offers a clear and detailed guide to the use of EMDR protocols for treating PTSD, phobias and panic attacks. Also included are guidelines for case formulation, treatment planning and to prepare patients for reprocessing with EMDR. The guide also contains samples for monitoring contracts and forms to document summaries of cases and treatment outcomes, as well as: - Charts, forms, illustrations, tables and decision trees to guide treatment planning and documentation. - Case studies with transcripts illustrating the different protocols and guidelines to make informed decisions. - Ethical issues in clinical application, consultation, supervision and research. With treatment guidelines clear and concise on the clinical use of EMDR, this book is an invaluable resource for practicing therapists, supervisors, consultants and clinical directors.

Keywords: Prtactice Protocols Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

110. Delling, D. (2008, April). How do you beat fear of flying?. Outside, 33(4), 98.

Language: English

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
The article offers ways on how to fight aerophobia, or the fear of air travel. Travelers must review the statistics related to safe air travel. They may also take anxiety medicines like Ativan. They may also perform eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). It is a process in which the brain would reprocess fears while talking to a therapist.[EBSCOHost]

Keywords: Fear of Air Travel fear of Flying Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

111. Kwiatkowski, J. (2001, April 17). Hypnosis is hip: More and more people are turning to trance therapies for help with emotional problems. Buffalo, NY: The Buffalo News, Final, Lifestyles, C1.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, developed on the West Coast in 1987, is a treatment Bath uses to help people who suffer from post-traumatic stress syndrome. He estimates that 30 to 40 percent of his clients experience anxiety problems: social phobias, panic disorders, obsessive compulsive disorders. Post-traumatic stress disorder is a key anxiety disorder, according to Bath, and EMDR helps people confront their traumas.

Keywords: Buffalo Hypnosis Kent Bath Trance Therapies

Accuracy Verified: Yes

112. Staff. (2012, December 7). Innovative trauma therapy on offer to East Lancashire children. Lancashire Telegraph. Retrieved from http://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/news/10095556.Innovative_trauma_therapy_on_offer_to_East_Lancashire_children/ on 12/8/2012.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
Clinical psychologists at the Lancashire Care NHS Foundation Trust have been trained offer EMDR - which stands for Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing The technique is used to deliver therapy to help children who are experiencing emotional difficulties such as phobias, anxiety and chronic pain. [Excerpt]

Keywords: Children General

Accuracy Verified: Yes

113. Karim, S. F. (2002-2003). Introducing EMDR: Its implications for clinical practice and research. Journal of the Faculty of Arts, The Dhaka University Studies, 59(1), 50 (2), & 60(1), 201-206.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
EMDR is a complex, time efficient and powerful method of psychotherapy that integrates many of the most successful elements of a wide range of therapeutic approaches, even long-term Freudian analysis. The procedure involves having the client focus intensively on the traumatic memory while moving the eyes rapidly from side to side, by visually tracking the therapist's moving hand. This seems to render the traumatic memory accessible to the healing resources of the rest of the personality, where it may be worked through and integrated. In addition, it uses eye movements or other forms of rhythmical stimulation. such as taps or tones, in a way that seems to assist the brain's information-processing system to processed at a rapid rate. Special protocols may be used for a single traumatic event, current anxiety and behaviour, recent traumatic events, phobias, excessive grief, illness and somatic disorders and different forms of addictions. Protocols include the sequence of progressing on a particular target. EMDR as an integrative approach starts from the moment the client enters through the door. Although called Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing, directed eye movements (where the eye movement is given a direction by tracking with two fingers) is only one form of stimulation used as a part of its complete methodology. Other forms of stimulation include bilateral auditory stimulation and alternate hand tapping. It is an innovative clinical treatment for victims of trauma. Francine Shapiro introduced it in 1989 and a large number of clinicians worldwide have been trained in the method. Francine Shapiro defines "the goal of EMDR is to achieve the most profound and comprehensive treatment effects possible in the shortest period of time, while maintaining client stability with a balanced system" (Shapiro, 2001).

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

114. Simpson, E. (1994, August 27). Keep an eye on the latest phobia cure. London, England: Daily Mail.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
John Spector, currently the only clinical psychologist fully-trained in EMDR, has found the technique invaluable with patients, including those traumatised by assaults, road accidents or having seen, a close friend in the military die.

Keywords: John Spector London Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

115. Gurel, D. (2010). Kronik aðrý tedavisinde güncel bir psikoterapotik yaklaþým: Göz hareketleri ile duyarsýzlaþtýrma ve yeniden yapýlandýrma [Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in treatment of chronic pain as a contemporary psychotherapeutic approach]. Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi, 13(1), 36-41.

Language: Turkish

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Klinik psikoloji alanında ağrıya ilişkin çalışmalar son yıllarda gittikçe artmaktadır. Önceleri kronik ağrının psikolojik boyutlarına yönelik model oluşturmaya ağırlık verilirken daha sonraları tedaviye yönelik psikoterapotik yaklaşımların geliştirilmesine odaklanılmıştır. 1987 yılında Klinik Psikolog olan Francine SHAPİRO, istemli ve sistematik olarak yapılan göz hareketlerinin, olumsuz ve rahatsız edici düşüncelerin yoğunluğunu azalttığı tezinden hareketle Göz Hareketleri ile Duyarsızlaştırma ve Yeniden Yapılandırma-Eye Movement Desensitization and Repocessing (EMDR) tekniğini geliştirmiş. İki yıl boyunca etkinliğini araştırmak üzere çalışmalar yapmıştır. EMDR ilk olarak, savaş stresi, taciz, doğal afetler veya çocukluk döneminde yaşanan üzücü olaylar gibi rahatsız edici yaşam deneyimlerinin neden olduğu duygusal sorunların iyileştirilmesinde kullanılmıştır. Daha sonraları fobi, performans kaygısı, panik bozukluk, beden algısı bozukluğu, çocuklardaki travma belirtileri, yas, dermatolojik bozukluklar, fantom organ ağrısı ve en son olarak da kronik ağrı tedavisinde kullanılmış oldukça çarpıcı sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Aşağıdaki yazıda ülkemizde henüz yeni yeni yaygınlaşan bu tekniğin tedavi rasyoneli ve uygulaması hakkında kısa bir bilgi sunulmaktadır. Özünü bilgi işleme yaklaşımlarından ve davranışın nöropsikolojik temellerinden alan EMDR Tekniğin in kronik ağrıyı açıklanma biçiminin zenginliği yanı sıra tedavideki sıra dışı başarısının önümüzdeki yıllarda psikoterapi alanında daha çok ilgi yaratacağı düşünülmektedir.

Psychological treatment studies in pain disorders have greatly increased in recent years. The focus was first on the development of theories and models related to chronic pain. However, main focus has been on the development of therapeutic approaches which are effective in the treatment of chronic pain. In 1987, Clinical Psychologist Francine Shapiro developed the novel Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR ) technique based on the idea that voluntary and systematic eye movements could effectively decrease the intensity of negative and disturbing thoughts and has since then been undertaking research on the topic. EMDR was first used in post-travmatic stres disorders as a result of wars, rape, earthquake and childhood abuse to deal with the emotional disturbaunces of problematic life experiences. It later started to encompass phobias, performance anxiety, panic attacks, body-image disorders, trauma symptoms in children bereavement, skin diseases, phantom limb pains and lastly chronic pain treatment with striking results. This paper consists of brief information on the underlying principles and application procedures of EMDR. This technique is mainly based on both information processing and neuropsychological approaches. EMDR has comprehensive approaches to explain the reasons for chronic pain. It seems most likely that the technique will prove widespread to be of great interest within the area of psychotherapies.

Keywords: Chronic Pain Pain Disorders Pain Psychotherapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

116. Castello, A. L. G. & Zampieri, A, M. F., & Padua, E. A. (2010, Junio). La experiencia de trabajar con el protocolo integrante del grupo con grupos de niños en los desastres [The experience of working with the protocol team member with groups of children in disasters.]. Ponencia presentada en el XI Congreso Internacional de Estrés Traumático y Trastornos de Ansiedad, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Trabajo con grupos de niños en Institución Social - PGI- EMDR; Trauma infantil y EMDR, Psicodrama. La articulación del trabajo metodológico en el psicodrama y EMDR, en el procesamiento del trauma de parto y fobias múltiples durante la formación de la matriz de identidad

Working with groups of children in social institution - PGI-EMDR, childhood trauma and EMDR, psychodrama. The articulation of methodological work in psychodrama and EMDR, processing the trauma of birth and multiple phobias during the formation of the identity matrix [The experience of Working with the protocol team member with groups of children in disasters. Working with groups of children in social institution - PGI-EMDR, childhood trauma and EMDR, psychodrama. The articulation of methodological work in psychodrama and EMDR, processing the trauma of birth and multiple phobias During the formation of the identity matrix]

Keywords: Birth Trauma Children Disasters Psychodrama

Accuracy Verified: Yes

117. Garner, C. (2001, November 5). Life - Facing your fears. The Express, Features, p. 43.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
This week, Clare Garner discovers how yoga, hypnotherapy and EMDR therapy can help to treat those who suffer from phobias

Keywords: Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

118. Mosquera, D. (2012, March). Met behulp van EMDR bij de behandeling van borderline-stoornis bersonality [Using EMDR in the management of borderline personality disorder]. Preconference presentatie op de 6e congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Arnhem, Nederland .

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Onveilige en ongeorganiseerd bijlagen en het begin van relationele verwaarlozing en trauma diepgaand effect op het ontwikkelingstraject van de toekomstige volwassen en verhogen het risico op het ontwikkelen Borderline persoonlijkheidsstoornis (BPD). Mensen met een borderline-stoornis en een geschiedenis complex trauma hebben veel problemen met zelfregulering en met betrekking tot anderen. Het beheer van deze zelfregulering en relationele problemen zijn centrale aspecten in de behandeling van BPS. De stabilisatiefase is opgemerkt als essentieel oor trauma werk. Bij de behandeling van de borderline-stoornis en complexe trauma betekent dit vele bijzonderheden die we moeten in gedachten houden, waaronder: de rol van gehechtheid-gerelateerde gemoedstoestanden en fobieën voor de bevestiging, beïnvloeden en traumatische herinneringen. Werken met gevallen van BPS en complex trauma is intrinsiek relationeel en vaak gepaard gaat met de noodzaak om momenten van intense beïnvloeden en invloed hebben op fobieën beheren in de overdracht en tegenoverdracht. Inzicht in deze aspecten en met strategieën voor het aanpakken van hen is van essentieel belang zowel voor als tijdens EMDR opwerking van traumatische herinneringen om ervoor te zorgen dat de verwerking van traumatische herinneringen veilig en effectief kan worden gedaan met deze patiënten. Deze workshop integreert theoretische uiteenzetting met de presentatie van video's gevallen. De algemene structuur van EMDR therapie bij de behandeling van BPD, interventies in de voorbereidings-en overwegingen voor trauma-gerichte EMDR werk zal worden gedemonstreerd en uitgelegd.

Insecure and disorganized attachments and early relational neglect and trauma profoundly affect the developmental trajectory of the future adult and increase the risk of developing Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). People with BPD and a history complex trauma have many difficulties with self-regulation and relating to others. The management of these self-regulation and relational difficulties are central aspects in the treatment of BPD. The stabilization phase has been remarked as essential prior to trauma work. In treating BPD and complex trauma this implies many particularities that we should keep in mind including: the role of attachment-related states of mind and phobias for attachment, affect and traumatic memories. Working with cases of BPD and complex trauma is intrinsically relational and often involves the need to manage moments of intense affect and affect phobias in the transference and countertransference. Understanding these aspects and having strategies for addressing them is essential both before and during EMDR reprocessing of traumatic memories to ensure that reprocessing of traumatic memories can be done safely and effectively with these patients. This workshop integrates theoretical exposition with the presentation of videos cases. The general structure of EMDR therapy in treating BPD, interventions for the preparation phase and considerations for trauma-focused EMDR work will be demonstrated and explained.

Keywords: Borderline Personality Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

119. Zarghi, A., Zali1, A., & Tehranidost, M. (2013, February). Methodological aspects of cognitive rehabilitation with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Basic and Clincal Neuroscience, 4(1), 97-103.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
A variety of nervous system components such as medulla, pons, midbrain, cerebellum, basal ganglia, parietal, frontal and occipital lobes have role in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) processes. The eye movement is done simultaneously for attracting client's attention to an external stimulus while concentrating on a certain internal subject. Eye movement guided by therapist is the most common attention stimulus. The role of eye movement has been documented previously in relation with cognitive processing mechanisms. A series of systemic experiments have shown that the eyes’ spontaneous movement is associated with emotional and cognitive changes and results in decreased excitement, flexibility in attention, memory processing, and enhanced semantic recalling. Eye movement also decreases the memory's image clarity and the accompanying excitement. By using EMDR, we can reach some parts of memory which were inaccessible before and also emotionally intolerable. Various researches emphasize on the effectiveness of EMDR in treating and curing phobias, pains, and dependent personality disorders. Consequently, due to the involvement of multiple neural system components, this palliative method of treatment can also help to rehabilitate the neuro-cognitive system.

Keywords: Rehabilitation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

120. Sultan, K. (2012, October). My mission to Turkey & Libya. Presentation at the at the 4th Autumn EMDR Workshop Conference, Sheffield, UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This presentation covers my mission to Turkey during February 2012, and Libya during April 2012. I am a Psychiatrist practising EMDR and living in Yorkshire and originating from Syria. My mission to Turkey resulted in diagnosing and successfully treating fifteen cases of PTSD with EMDR treatment as well as an additional seven cases of clinical depression. In addition I was able to review clients with several other psychiatric disorders. My mission to Libya resulted in assessing and treating around forty patients with PTSD with or without depression, Psychotic illnesses, autistic spectrum disorder, learning disability, phobias, and depression with bereavement. I can report that 32 of the 40 cases resulted in significant improvement.

Keywords: Libya Turkey

Accuracy Verified: Yes

121. Forgash, C. (2007, September). The negative impact of complex PTSD on health: an EMDR/ego state treatment plan. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Dallas, TX.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR and Ego State integrated treatment provides a clinical model for dealing with health problems in complex trauma survivors. Health problems are made more complex by the presence of dissociative disorders and PTSD symptoms in adult survivors. This presentation will focus on the treatment of these disorders. EMDR and Ego State techniques will be utilized to help the CTS patient: a) manage triggers and avoid re-traumatization, hyperarousal and numbing; desensitize and reprocess traumatic events; b) become assertive health consumers and deal with medical/dental procedures and tests; c) learn skills such as rehearsal, identifying problems, planning visits, etc.

Keywords: Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Complex PTSD C-PTSD Ego State Therapy Integrated Treatment Phased Treatment Plan

Accuracy Verified: Yes

122. Martin, C. (2004). New developments in EMDR. Top of the Carrot News, 3(1), 6.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
People who suffer from anxiety, phobias, and stress are finding relief/results through an innovative therapy called EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing).

Keywords: General Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

123. Ien, M. (2001, August 28). A new therapeutic tool to treat psychological disorders. CTV Television, Inc..

Language: English

Format: Video

Abstract:
Curing severe psychological trauma or phobias in people can take years. But a new therapy called EMDR is helping hundreds of thousands of patients cut that time to less than ten hours. Joining us now to talk about it is psychotherapist Sharon Cass and her patient Erika.

Keywords: General Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

124. Kadala, T. (2001, September 19). New website launched to assist Americans suffering from trauma. Hastingson-Hudson, N.Y., PR Newswire.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
Anticipating that millions of Americans have been traumatized by the recent terrorist attacks on the United States, a new website, EMDRnews.com has been launched providing information on the therapy commonly referred to as EMDR, (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) for the public at large. Furnishing insight, information and education, the website will make a free 3-page monthly newsletter available, written in easy-to-understand laymen's terms. EMDR is particularly useful in treating trauma, anxiety, phobias, grief, and personality issues. The website/publication is a joint offering of ATC, Inc., an online publisher, Robert Buck, M.S.W., A.C.S.W. of Hastings-on-Hudson and NY City, and Victoria Britt of Bender/Britt Seminars, Montclair, NJ. Ms. Britt, in the forefront of the EMDR movement, stated "Never before have so many people been exposed to such trauma. EMDR will be available to facilitate the mind/body self-healing process needed in the months to come; we are inviting the public to learn how we can help," she concluded.

Keywords: Website EMDRNews.com

Accuracy Verified: Yes

125. Yoeli, F. R., & Prattos-Spongalides, T-A. (2004, June). OCD: Anxiety, rituals, co-morbidity or altered state? Treatment outcomes with EMDR. In anxiety disorders and EMDR (A. de Jongh, Chair). Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of th EMDR Europe Association, Stockholm, Sweden .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Trauma-generated OCD repeats the trauma through its own ritual behavior patterns. This altered state re-traumatizes the core personality through the repetition of rituals similar to the original trauma. The presenters hypothesize that trauma-based OCD is an altered state not co-morbid with diagnosis for dissociative disorders. This OCD persona served the dissociative adult cope with traumatic memories changing and influencing reactions to ongoing trauma, life choices, and other behavior patterns.
This aim of this workshop is to focus on the development of trauma-based, anxiety-motivated dissociative states. Life in the shadow of chronic anxiety stemming from living under constant and consistent life-threatening conditions produces a (sub)-population of persons suffering from PTS/D. The anxiety and fear from elements of unprocessed traumatic events are retained and embedded in the body and are repeatedly triggered in daily life. This PTSD population dissociates into anxiety-based altered states ranging along a continuum from mild tension to phobias, panic attacks, denial, PCD, aggression, indifference and apathy and finally full blown trauma generated OCD.
The presenters provide cross-cultural examples demonstrating how ongoing threat of man-made or natural disasters often leads to a dissociative OCD state. Case examples are explored which demonstrate how processing with EMDR effectively enables resolution and change. EMDR is particularly useful in processing the “anxiety” via current behavior patterns.
Objectives: 1) to examine the co-morbidity aspects of trauma-based OCD and dissociation 2) to present the parallel continuums of types of stress and anxiety (on the intensity and severity axis 3) to compare the differences and similarities in behavioral patterns in different cultures under the stress of constant threat of annihilation (man-made vs. natural threats) 4) to demonstrate the effectiveness of EMDR on trauma induced OCD, through case illustration and discussion.

Keywords: Altered States Anxiety Disorders Co-morbidity Obsessive Compulsive Disorder OCD Rituals Symposium Treatment Outcomes

Accuracy Verified: Yes

126. Dale, S. (2012, April). One in ten: Treating needle phobias with EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Canda, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
One in ten people has a needle phobia. This condition can be disabling for people whose inordinate fear of needles can keep them from accessing medical testing and treatment. In this presentation, needle phobia are defined and the types explained, including vaso-vagal, associative, resistive, and hyperalgesic. The EMDR Protocol for Phobias is outlined, and research on using EMDR with needle phobia is reviewed. Case studies are presented in which clients with different types and degrees of needle phobia are treated. Discussions on challenges working with this client group are presented, and cognitive interweaves specific to needle phobia are introduced.
Learning Objectives: 1. Examine the definition and prevalence of phobias 2. Identify the types and prevalence of needle phobia 3. Outline the psychological and physical impact of needle phobia 4. Discuss the EMDR Protocol for Phobias 5. Explore how EMDR can be used to treat needle phobia

Keywords: Phobia

Accuracy Verified: Yes

127. Zlomke, K., & Davis III, T. E. (2008, September). One-session treatment of specific phobias: A detailed description and review of treatment efficacy. Behavior Therapy, 39(3), 207–223. doi:10.1016/j.beth.2007.07.003.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
One-Session Treatment (OST) is a form of massed exposure therapy for the treatment of specific phobias. OSTcombines exposure, participant modeling, cognitive challenges, and reinforcement in a single session, maximized to three hours. Clients are gradually exposed to steps of their fear hierarchy using therapist-directed behavioral experiments. Although there are several studies in the literature examining the efficacy of OST, little has been done to summarize this research. In the following review, research on and empirical support for OST are reviewed with an emphasis on the types of stimuli, samples, and methodologies utilized. Research generally supports OST's efficacy, although replication by independent examiners using adult and child samples is needed using more rigorous comparisons (e.g., psychological placebo or other treatments). Overall, OST continues to be a promising treatment for specific phobias; however, a great deal more investigation is needed to identify mechanisms of change, mediators, and moderators.

Keywords: Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

128. Morfeld, D. (1997, September 30). Overcoming fear and phobia. Boulder, CO: Daily Camera, 10.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
Help finally came through a newer method of psychotherapy - Rapid Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprogramming, or EMDR. The therapy helped Morris to make a major life turnaround, she says. "It was not a bandage. For me, it was a genuine miracle."

Keywords: Fear Boulder Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

129. de Jongh, A., & Whisman, M. (2001, June). Panic and phobias: Diagnosis, treatment, and incorporation of EMDR. Preconfernece presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Austin, TX.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR has been found to be a valuable method to incorporate into the treatment of PTSD. It has also been found to be a structured, non-invasive treatment for a number of other anxiety disorders. This workshop will focus on the clinical application of EMDR with Panic Disorder, Agoraphobia, Specific Phobia, Social Phobia, and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Participants will learn: 1) to assess clients with phobic conditions; 2) to identify core negative congitions related to fear; 3) to know when and how to apply EMDR with clients suffering from an anxiety disorder; and 4) to use creative adaptions of EMDR for these clients. Presenters will make use of lecture, case studies, and videotaped treatment sessions.

Keywords: Fear Panic Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

130. Foster, S., Lendl, J., & Parrett, B. (1995, June). Peak performance in the work place. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In his book, Anxietv Disorders and Phobias, Aaron Beck, MD, wrote cogently about the so-called "evaluation anxieties." He employed the metaphor of the tightrope walker to describe the constant worry about a possible "fall from grace" experienced by the person troubled by concern about performing well in a variety of life situations. Beck divided these situations into three categories: social situations; school and work settings; and what he called "transactions with the outside world," meaning instances of shopping and traveling. The focus of this three-hour presentation is evaluation or performance anxiety (as it is more often termed) in the workplace and applications of EMDR to removing blocks to optimal functioning at work. The theoretical contribution of Beck and his colleagues will shape the presenters' information about why performance anxiety develops and who is likely to be vulnerable to it. The rationale for this extension of the EMDR model will be grounded in the theoretical framework of cognitive therapy. The two presenters bring their considerable experience with EMDR (five+ years) and expertise in peak performance consulting to participants in this session. From their background, they will derive the presentation's emphasis on EMDR applications that are immediately useful to the participants. To begin, the presenters will provide the aforementioned theoretical understanding of "evaluation anxiety" and its manifestation as performance anxiety in the workplace. Approximately the first quarter of the presentation will be spent in didactic material that describes specifically how performance anxiety interferes with optimal functioning at work across a variety of occupations. Drs. Foster and Lendl will elaborate on two situations in which performance anxiety is especially likely to occur in work-related situations: 1) during periods of rapid change; and 2) during the performance review process. Having established this basis of understanding, the presenters will move on to describe the most commonly observed psychological blocks that impede optimal performance in work settings: 1) external conflicts brought into work; 2) feeling like an 'impostor' in one's position at work, 3) perfectionism as a barrier to performance; 4) past failures that operate as anticipatory anxieties (for example, a client's worry that a past mistake or setback might recur in the future); 5) discrimination on the basis of gender, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, education or age. Using actual transcripts and videotaped excerpts of their sessions, the presenters will demonstrate how their EMDR interventions may be applied. The presenters will show participants how to assess their own current and prospective clients for the psychological blocks that are interfering with work performance. Efficient ways to elicit negative and positive cognition for these work-related issues will be precisely described. The expected course of the EMDR processing will be illustrated using the presenters' cases which include a perfectionistic dentist, a high level executive after a layoff, a female manager desiring a promotion who is grappling with a chauvinistic boss, and performing artists struggling with stage fright and other barriers to their optimal performance. The presenters will then share with participants the ways in which they assist their clients in reaching and maintaining balance in their life- and work styles, in what the presenters call "Using EMDR to meet daily challenges with optimal response." Specific strategies for integrating EMDR into broader-based interventions will be described for assisting clients in: 1) increasing self-trust; 2) learning to capably manage crises; 3) increasing focus and attention at work; and 4) setting priorities and using time effectively. Lastly, Drs. Foster and Lend will demonstrate additional EMDR applications for assisting clients in attaining and maintaining what the presenters call "Optimal Well-Being." Citing case material, the presenters will show participants the means by which EMDR can be employed to speed recovery from illness and to decrease the rehabilitation time needed following an injury. Participants will be given the opportunity to rehears several of the applications described and to receive feedback fiom the instructors. Reference: Beck, A.T. (1985). Anxiety Disorders and Phobias, Basic Books, New York.

Keywords: Peak Performance Performance Enhancement

Accuracy Verified: Yes

131. Foster, S. (2002). Peak Performance – Parts 1- 4. EMDR Institute Listserv.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
Soon after I completed Level II, Ibegan to wonder if EMDR could be useld to address issues other than trauma, depression and phobias. In the early days of the EMDR Network, Francine suggested that special interest groups be formed. I founded the Peak Performance Special Interest Group (SIG) in December of 1990. Several newly trained practitioners attended the first SIG meeting and were intrigued by the questions, "Could EMDR be used to alleviate performance anxiety?" and "Could a high functioning person's sense of well-being and happiness be enhanced with EMDR?"

Keywords: Peak Performance

Accuracy Verified: Yes

132. Luber, M. & Shapiro, F. (2009). Phobia protocol. In M. Luber (Ed.), Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) scripted protocols: Basics and special situations, (pp. 155-173). New York: Springer Publishing Co.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
This chapter presents a summary of the Phobia Protocol scripted by Marilyn Luber (Shapiro, 2001, 2006). Shapiro distinguishes between two types of phobias: simple phobia (e.g., fear of an object), and process phobia (feature of a situation in which the client must actively participate). Therapists are instructed to use the Standard EMDR Protocol for the following targets over six steps: past memories, present triggers, and a future template. To do the full Phobia Protocol, all six steps should be included. The Phobia Protocol Script is included. [PsycINFO Database]

Keywords: Phobias Protocol

Accuracy Verified: Yes

133. Holmshaw, M. (2009, October). Phobia Protocol. Presentation at the 2nd annual EMDR Autumn Workshop, Leeds, UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Many phobias and current anxieties have their roots in past events, often unremembered. The EMDR phobia protocol follows Shapiro's three-layered approach. This workshop illustrates the use of the touchstone memory, the future template and the float-forward technique in processing phobias and current anxieties

Keywords: Anxiety Phobia Protocol

Accuracy Verified: Yes

134. Films for the Humanities & Sciences. (2000). Phobia: When an irrational fear takes control - Treating Phobias 1. British Broadcasting Company.

Language: English

Format: Video

Abstract:
For 10-year-old Danny, it’s dogs. For Trevor, it’s falling. For Diane, it’s air travel. And for Donna, it’s the everyday act of driving a car. In this program, these four patients come to grips with their phobias by undergoing treatments involving behavioral therapy, flooding, and EMDR, eye-movement desensitization reprocessing—with impressive results.

Keywords: Fear Phobias Psychosocial Factors Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

135. Films for the Humanities & Sciences. (2000). Phobia: When an irrational fear takes control - Treating Phobias 2. British Broadcasting Company.

Language: English

Format: Video

Abstract:
This program presents four case studies involving the fear of public places, public speaking, birds and feathers, and mice. Applications of behavioral therapy, virtual reality, hypnosis, and TFT, thought field therapy, are documented. Research at the Institute of Psychiatry (London) into brain activity during moments of stress, panic, and terror is also included.

Keywords: Fear Phobias Psychosocial Factors Treatment

Accuracy Verified: No

136. Dincer-Genc, N., Pamuk, S. & Guner, O. (2006, June). Phobic reactions in children with direct exposure to source and EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Istanbul, Turkey.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Children Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

137. Gonzalez, A., Mosquera, D., & Seijo, N. (2010, April). Processing dissociative phobias with EMDR. Presentation at the 2nd Bi-Annual International European Society for Trauma and Dissociation Conference, Belfast, Northern Ireland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract: The standard EMDR protocol (SP) was designed for the treatment of simple PTSD, and when it´s used on this cases, EMDR is a very powerful therapy. But when SP is applied on complex trauma and dissociative disorders 20% of patients may become de-compensated. The importance of the stabilization phase has been remarked by different authors. The existent proposals are to use interventions coming from different approaches sometimes enhanced with bilateral stimulation. Standard procedures used for simple PTSD must be adapted and modified for working with dissociative disorders. To do this is important to understand from recent research work what we know about the effects of EMDR therapy. We will try to dynamically integrate these features with conceptualizations coming from the EMDR Adaptive Information Processing Model (AIP) and the Theory of the Structural Dissociation of the Personality (TSDP) TSDP emphasizes the importance of working with dissociative phobias prior to trauma work. In the stabilization phase the work on the phobia of dissociative parts and of attachment (and the attachment with the therapist) is the most important one. We will show with clinic cases the effect of this intervention on improving internal communication and collaboration and overcoming therapist-patient relationship problems.
Learning Outcomes For those who are not EMDR therapists this workshop will help to understand how EMDR conceptualizes the work in structural dissociation from the Adaptive Information Processing Model (AIP). For people who are not expertise on Theory of Structural Dissociation of the Personality (TSDP) a brief description of dissociative phobias and their importance in the work with dissociative disorders will be put forward. The assistants will watch videos of therapies with different patients, in which EMDR is applied using dissociative phobias as targets. Differences with ego states therapy without introducing bilateral stimulation and with standard EMDR protocol will be observable in the case-examples and will be explained in detail. This work represents a different way of using EMDR to stabilize the patient and prepare her/him for future traumatic memory processing.

Keywords: Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

138. Nofal, S. (2008). Protocolo de EMDR, para niños y adolescentes aplicado a traumas y fobias dentales. Dos casos clínicos. Parte 2 [Protocol of EMDR for children and adolescents applied to dental traumas and phobias, Two cases. Part 2] . In P. Solvey & R. C. Ferrazzano de Solvey (Eds.), Terapias de avanzada [Advanced therapies]: Vol. 5, Abordajes en EMDR: Trauma y disociacion – Ninos y adolescentes – Fertilidad, inferitilidad, y esterilidad - Psicoprofilaxis, quiruigica, adicciones [Approaches in EMDR: Trauma and dissociation – Children and adolescents – Fertility, infertility, and sterility – Psychoprofilaxis, Surgery, Addictions] (1st ed) (pp. 269-288). Buenos Aires: TdeA Ediciones.

Language: Spanish

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
No abstract available.

Keywords: Dentistry Phobias Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

139. Fouya, V. (2010, Novembre). Psychotherapie - EMDR: Le pouvoir des yeux [Psychotherapy - EMDR: The power of eyes]. Le Vif/L'express, (Supplement) Extra, (46), 36.

Language: French

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
Ce sont d’abord les vétérans de la guerre du Vietnam qui en ont bénéficié. Aujourd’hui, l’EMDR s’utilise pour guérir des traumatismes de toutes natures. Rien qu’en bougeant les yeux... Traumatisme. Le mot résonne avec force. Il est associé à la violence, à l’intensité, à la mémoire aussi. Le traumatisme laisse des traces, il empêche souvent de vivre. On le conçoit aisément quand il s’agit de catastrophe naturelle ou de conflit armé, mais les blessés de la vie, nous en croisons tous les jours... La perte d’un enfant, des violences sexuelles, un accident de la route, ... Comment continuer après ? Psychologue spécialisée dans les traumatismes, Evelyne Josse a appris à utiliser l’EMDR lors d’interventions humanitaires ou auprès d’enfants malades. « La psychanalyse ne fonctionne pas pour ce type d’indications. Vous pouvez revisiter votre passé à loisir et identifier les causes de vos difficultés, ce n’est pas pour autant que vous serez soulagé de vos symptômes » D’abord séduite par l’hypnose, la psychothérapeute recourt aujourd’hui également à l’EMDR - désensibilisation et retraitement par le mouvement des yeux - pour traiter les phobies, les troubles alimentaires, les acouphènes, les dépressions et les stress post- traumatiques. « Non seulement c’est efficace mais c’est aussi rapide et une fois traités, les symptômes ne reviennent plus. » Concrètement, le travail démarre par un ou deux entretiens préalables qui vont permettre au thérapeute de cerner les difficultés de son patient. Ou plutôt sa difficulté majeure car il n’est pas question ici de s’interroger ici sur le sens de l’existence.... On identifie un problème spécifique et on s’attache à le traiter. Au cours des séances, le patient doit associer une image et des sensations à son expérience négative ; pendant qu’il la revit, il suit des yeux les mouvements des doigts du thérapeute. Une manière de stimuler latéralement les hémisphères cérébraux qui permettrait de « débloquer » l’information traumatique et de la reprogrammer de manière adéquate dans le cerveau. Anne a assisté à l’assassinant de son voisin. L’image de la terrasse ensanglantée la hantait jour et nuit et elle souffrait de crampes abdominales. « Pendant les séances, dès que les mouvements oculaires commençaient, les sensations revenaient en même temps que mes crampes. Au fur et à mesure, je suis arrivée à effacer ces images insoutenables et à les remplacer par des images plus « gérables ». J’ai retrouvé le sommeil, je peux à nouveau voir du sang et je me sens suffisamment sereine. J’ai fait 6 séances en tout et pour tout.»

First come the veterans of the Vietnam War who have benefited. Today, EMDR is used to heal injuries of all kinds. Just by moving the eyes ... Trauma. The word resonates strongly. It is associated with violence, intensity, memory too. Trauma leaves its mark, it often prevents them from living. It is easy to see when it comes to natural disaster or armed conflict, but the casualties of life, we come across every day ... The loss of a child, sexual violence, a car accident, ... How to continue after that? Psychologist specializing in trauma, Evelyne Josse has learned to use EMDR during humanitarian or with sick children. "Psychoanalysis does not work for such indications. You can revisit your past at your leisure and identify the causes of your problems is not to say that you will be relieved of your symptoms "At first seduced by hypnosis, psychotherapy today also uses EMDR - desensitization and reprocessing eye movement - to treat phobias, eating disorders, tinnitus, depression and post traumatic stress. "It's not only effective but also fast and once treated, the symptoms come back. " Specifically, the work starts with one or two prior interviews that will allow the therapist to identify the difficulties of his patient. Or rather the major problem because it is not about to question here on the meaning of life .... We identify a specific problem and is working to address it. During the sessions, the patient must attach an image and feeling to his negative experience, as he saw her, his eyes follow the movements of the fingers of the therapist. One way of stimulating the cerebral hemispheres laterally that would "unlock" the traumatic information and reprogram adequately in the brain. Anne attended the killing of his neighbor. The image of the terrace bloody haunted her day and night and she suffered from abdominal cramps. "During the meeting, that the eye movements began, the feeling came back together my cramps. As in, I got to clear these unbearable images and replace them with images more "manageable." I found the sleep, I can again see blood and I feel calm enough. I made six sessions in all and for all. "

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

140. Benor, D. J. (2008, May). Rapid and deep transformation using WHEE: Wholistic hybrid from EMDR & EFT. Presentation at the Academy for Guided Imagery 20th Annual Conference, Los Angeles, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Objectives: Participants completing this presentation will be able to: Define wholistic healing and list and explain its components. Conduct a basic WHEE self-healing treatment session on their own. Know the indications, precautions, and contraindications for using WHEE to treat fears and phobias. Description: WHEE is a rapid, self-healing technique that relieves pains and stresses, transforms limiting beliefs, enhances confidence, and opens options to create positive attitudes even when under severe stress. WHEE is rapidly effective, and can also help to relieve the pain of migraines, arthritis, trauma, and cancer; anxieties, phobias, and PTSD; cravings, nausea, insomnia, and allergies. WHEE transforms your attitude towards stress from one of annoyance to one of gratitude that you have a further opportunity to dump the old "stuffed" junk that you carry with you, and to reprogram and update your internal hard drive (which you let a little child program for you). WHEE is powerful and faster than EFT and is safe for use outside a therapist’s office.

Keywords: Global Webcast WHEE

Accuracy Verified: Yes

141. Bowden, M. (1994, July 12). Rapid eye motion may heal minds. Columbia, SC: The State, Living, Final Edition, D1.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
Now, they've taken to furiously wagging their fingers in front of the patient's face. It's called "Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing," or EMDR, and it's the latest rage, practiced now by thousands of respected therapists in the treatment of traumatic memories and phobias.

Keywords: General Overview Columbia

Accuracy Verified: Yes

142. Koppel, R. H. (2009, May). Rapid eye movement effects on traumatic memories: A test of the working memory hypothesis. The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing therapy (EMDR) is a psychotherapy that uses rapid eye movements to alleviate traumatic memories. This experiment examined two working memory hypotheses proposed to explain how performing rapid eye movements can affect the vividness, emotionality and completeness of traumatic memories. Participants (N=25) recalled three traumatic memories and rated them on vividness, emotionality and completeness before and after performing rapid eye movements. Participants also completed six working memory tasks to see if a correlation existed between working memory and the effect of rapid eye movements on memory rating variables. Findings illustrate that there was a significant decrease pre-test to post-test in vividness. Additionally, the factor underlying the reading span operation task and the Sternberg item order task significantly correlated with the effect of rapid eye movements for all memory ratings. The results of the current study support the central executive hypothesis explanation more than the visuospatial sketchpad storage hypothesis for EMDR. 3 Rapid Eye Movement Effects on Traumatic Memories: A Test of the Working Memory Hypothesis In 1987, Francis Shapiro discovered that performing horizontal eye saccades while holding a traumatic event in mind helped her alleviate the negative symptoms she experienced from that memory. She developed this intuition into a psychotherapy that is called Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). This therapy is now a widely-used technique to treat victims of trauma, people suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and people suffering from phobias and other anxiety disorders (Muris & Meckleberger, 1999). Shapiro (2001) describes EMDR as an eight-phase treatment method that includes history taking, client preparation, assessment, desensitization, installation, body scan, closure and reevaluation. An important, and distinguishing, component of the EMDR procedure involves the patient performing rapid bilateral eye movements while thinking about their traumatic memory and communicating any negative cognition associated with that memory. The horizontal saccadic eye movements generally involve watching the therapist’s quickly moving finger for 15-20 seconds/set (Shapiro, 2001). Eye saccade sets continue until the patient begins to report that negative aspects of the memory are being alleviated, and that positive self-cognitions have replaced the negative self-cognitions associated with the memory (Shapiro, 2001).

Keywords: Hypotheses Rapid Eye Movements REM Traumatic Memories

Accuracy Verified: Yes

143. Kleinknecht, R. (1993, September). Rapid treatment of blood and injection phobias with eye movement desensitization. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 24(3), 211-217. doi:10.1016/0005-7916(93)90023-P.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
A 21-year-old woman with injection and blood phobias was treated successfully using eye movement desensitization. Treatment was conducted over four abbreviated sessions involving less than 1 hour of actual treatment time. Fear changes following treatment were monitored through self-report and physiological response, both within and between sessions, and in relation to the behaviors of seeking and receiving an injection (flu shot) and having blood drawn. Treatment effects were maintained at follow-ups of 1, 14, and 24 weeks.

Keywords: Blood Phobia Injection Phoba

Accuracy Verified: Yes

144. Smyth, N., Maxfield, L., & Rogers, S. (2003, September). Recent research evaluating the role of eye movements in EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Findings of component studies are summarized, with a review of studies which reported that EMs reduced memory vividness and emotiveness. The results of three recent studies are presented. 1) A study evaluated the effects of EMs on the components of memory to test working memory explanations of EMDR; 2) a study using participants with dental phobia determined if memories of disturbing dental events,and related dental anxiety, were influenced by EMs; 3) A large-N comparison with combat veterans, compared EMDR and a non-eye-movement analog to evaluate the effect of EMs on treatment outcome, process and changes in trauma narratives.

Keywords: Eye Movements Research

Accuracy Verified: Yes

145. McGlynn, F. D. (1997). Response to Lipke's comment. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 11(6), 603-606. doi:10.1016/S0887-6185(97)00043-1.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Lipke's criticisms of the experiment reported by Bates and colleagues are without merit. Data from the experiment show either that the procedure was sound or that the clinical measurement reported by eye-movement densitization (EMD) therapists is suspect. Lipke's statement that EMD enjoys increasing scientific support is likewise without merit. Scientific support for EMD seems to exist only when one disregards the methodological lessons taught by behavior-therapy research for the last three decades.

Keywords: Female Letter Phobias Reply Spider Phobia

Accuracy Verified: Yes

146. Chang, S. H. (2007, September). Role of EM and stimulus valence presentation order in the return of fear: Possible implications for the therapeutic mechanism. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association Conference, Dallas, Texas. (NSC 93-2413-H-002-002-).

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Research background & aims: This study examined possible therapeutic mechanisms of eye movements in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR; Shapiro, 1989, 1995, 2001) in terms of exposure and information processing model. While exposure model contended process of extinction and response habituation, Stickgold (2002) proposed that sleep induced change in associative memory via activation of weak association during REM state and EM functioned as REM sleep to integrate the episodic memory of trauma into general semantic memory. In this study, the effect of EM compared to that of Exposure-Only (non-EM) on process measures of SUDs, ratings of cockroach phobia across sessions, along with outcome measures were examined. Specifically, the degree of return of fear and response habituation was explored. Methods: Thirty-six college students with cockroach phobias were recruited as participants and invited after informed consent for 4 1-week interval treatment sessions and a 1 month follow-up session. The instruments for outcome measures included Cockroach Phobia Questionnaire, fear ratings of cockroach slides, FSS, STAI-S, BDI, short form of SCL-90, the Revised Thought-Action Fusion Questionnaire, White Bear Suppression Inventory, and cognitive tasks for measuring strength of associations. The SUDs, credibility and therapeutic relationship rating, and physiological measures such as HR, HRV, EOG, served as process measures. Due to space limitations, the results of cognitive task and physiological measures were reported elsewhere. The participants were randomly assigned to one of the four groups: EM condition (EM vs. Non-EM exposure only) × block order of cockroach theme presentation (negative cognition first vs. positive cognition first). A 2 (EM condition) × 2 (order of valence presentation) × 9 (time: pre-assessment and post-assessment for each of the 4 sessions plus 1 month follow-up assessment) mixed factorial design was performed, with time serving as within Ss factor and the other two variables serving as between Ss factors. There were 20 trials in each therapeutic session. The duration of each trial was 30s for both the EM and Exposure-Only conditions. Results: After preliminary analyses for group differences on pretreatment variables, credibility-relationship ratings, and outcome variables were explored, the 2 (EM condition) × 2 (order of valence presentation) × 9 (time) ANOVA on SUDs showed that the main effects of time and EM were both significant (p < .001 and p < .034). Subsequently, two 2 (order of valence presentation) × 9 (time) ANOVAs were performed for EM condition and Exposure-Only condition, respectively. The results showed that for EM condition, only time effect was significant (p < .006); while for Exposure-Only condition, there were a significant time effect (p < .001) and an approaching significant valence presentation order effect (p < .065), with the SUDs being higher in negative cognition presented first condition compared to positive cognition presented first condition; whereas the effect was not significant for the EM condition. Using trend analyses and inspection of time effect showed that significant within session SUDs reduction for Exposure-Only conditions. Notwithstanding, the pairwise comparisons for the 9 time points indicated salient phenomena of return of fear among several of the 5 sessions for this condition when comparing the pre-assessment of each session with post-assessment of its previous session. Whereas for EM condition the return of fear between sessions was small and the trend analysis showed a reduction with linear trend. Conclusions & Discussion: Compared to Exposure-Only, EM resulted in less degree of sufferings while participants encountering negative theme which in turn might facilitate further processing of negative memory. In addition, EM might add something beyond the mechanism of pure exposure. The less return of fear indicating that information processing in addition to response inhibition might take place between sessions. The results echoed Shapiro’s Adaptive Information Processing model and Stickgold’s REM-sleep dependent memory reprocessing model, suggesting that EM in EMDR might reflect a shift in associative memory systems by activating different strength of associations of negative semantic nodes for different semantically related words. Given that previous research showed that EM decreased emotionality and also generate greater amount of associations for negative stimuli, the implications of the present results from theoretical and therapeutic point of views and future research possibilities are discussed.

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing Model REM-Sleep Dependent Memory Reprocessing Model Saccadic Eye Movement Semantic Association

Accuracy Verified: Yes

147. Chang, S. H. (2009). Role of EM and stimulus valence presentation order in the return of fear: Possible implications for the therapeutic mechanism. National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing Model REM-Sleep Dependent Memory Reprocessing Model Saccadic Eye Movement Sematic Association

Accuracy Verified: Yes

148. Pena, M. (2006). Sanar el dolor a traves del movimiento ocular [Healing the pain through eye movement]. Buenos Aires: Kier.

Language: Spanish

Format: Book

Abstract:
Ningún Método aplicado por la medicina tradicional ha podido terminar con esta clase de sufrimiento. Hoy, gracias a la novedosa técnica EMDR (Movimientos Oculares de Desensibilización y Reprocesamiento), nos encontramos ante un nuevo paradigma terapéutico: la posibilidad real de terminar con el dolor. Los recuerdos traumáticos se aíslan en el cerebro como resultado de los neuroquímicos producidos por el cuerto en el momento del trauma, que se almacenan sin asimilar durante años. El trabajo que se realiza a través del movimiento de los ojos desbloquea estos recuerdos reconectando las redes neuronales, antes aisladas del resto del cerebro, logrando así eliminar la sensación de dolor que el recuerdo genera en el paciente. Las técnicas EMDR y T.I.C. (Técnicas de Integración Cerebral) se han utilizado con enorme éxito en personas que sufrieron graves traumas: asaltos, abusos sexuales, así como en soldados con secuelas de guerra (Guerra de los Balcanes en Sarajevo, Bosnia), en víctimas de ataques con bombas (Oklahoma, EE.UU), en pacientes con ataques de pánico y fobias. Es tratamiento de soldados con estrés de combate, víctimas de inundaciones y huracanes y en los sobrevivientes al ataque a las Torres Gemelas en Nueva York, EE.UU., en 2001. La Lic. Marta Peña nos acerca en esta obra las bases y aplicaciones de las técnicas con ejemplos de exitosos casos clínicos reales.

No method used by traditional medicine has failed to finish with this kind of suffering. Today, thanks to the new technique EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing), we face a new treatment paradigm: a real chance to end the pain. Isolated traumatic memories in the brain as a result of neurochemicals produced by the cuerto at the time of trauma, which are stored for years without assimilating. The work done through eye movement unlock these memories reconnecting the neural network, previously isolated from the rest of the brain, thus eliminating the sensation of pain that the memories generated by the patient. EMDR techniques and T.I.C. (Cerebral Integration Techniques) have been used with great success in people who suffered severe trauma: assaults, sexual abuse, as well as soldiers with sequelae of war (War in the Balkans in Sarajevo, Bosnia), victims of bombings ( Oklahoma, USA) in patients with panic attacks and phobias. It's treatment of soldiers with combat stress, flood and hurricane victims and survivors of the attack on the Twin Towers in New York, USA, in 2001. Ms. Marta Peña us about this document the basis and applications of the techniques with examples of successful real clinical cases.

Keywords: General Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

149. Saltus, R. (2000, October 29). Seeing is believing. Boston, MA: The Boston Globe, Magazine, 6.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
About 10 years ago, word of a curious new therapy began trickling into psychologists' offices. Proponents claimed that the therapy could relieve anxiety, phobias, and frightening flashbacks related to past hurts - and in a matter of weeks or months instead of years. Now, the trickle has become a torrent. The treatment, called eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, or EMDR, is the hottest new therapy in years, and therapists of many schools are rushing to learn to do it. EMDR was first used with patients suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder, but it's now being offered for problems ranging from panic attacks to the effects of depression, addiction, and low self-esteem.

Keywords: Boston General Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

150. Klepac, S. (2002, March 12). Seeing the healing path -- Therapists have new methods to help people deal with traumatic life events. Yakima, WA: Yakima Herald-Republic, Unleashed, 1C-2.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
With Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing - or EMDR - those seeking to overcome current phobias or past traumas have another option aside from the traditional techniques used by therapists.

Keywords: General Overview Yakima

Accuracy Verified: Yes

151. Sorensen, S. (2007). Seelische selbstheilungskraft ganzheitliche EMDR-selbsttherapie und individuierende selbstanalyse [Mental self-healing: Holistic self-therapy and EMDR individuating self]. Norderstedt: Books on Demand GmbH .

Language: German

Format: Book

Abstract:
Seelische Selbstheilungskraft - Ganzheitliche EMDR-Selbstherapie und individuierende Selbstanalyse. In dem 700 Seiten umfassenden Werk inklusive umfangreichen Nachschlageverzeichnissen beschreibt Sofia Sörensen ihre Selbstheilung von einer ausgeprägten posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung, die ihr Leben 53 Jahre lang nach einem Mordanschlag und schwerem Mobbing in der Kindheit geprägt hat. Die Störungen bestanden in hoher Empfindlichkeit, Hypervigilanz, zuweilen Panikstörungen, Phobien, teils suchtartigen Verhaltensweisen mit Kaufrausch und Zwängen, Alpträumen, Gedankenkreisen, teilweise schweren psychosomatischen Krämpfen, Angina pectoris, Stimmritzenkrämpfen, hoher Infektanfälligkeit und vor allem unter neuen Traumatisierungen und Frust auch in allgemein gestörtem sozialen Verhalten. Kompensation und Dekompensation bestimmten ihr Kräfte aufreibendes Leben. Sofia Sörensen hat sich schließlich selbst geheilt, indem sie sich intensiv sachkundig gemacht hat, ihre seelischen Selbstheilungskräfte nicht mehr durch Ängste und vorgefasste Ansichten blockierte sondern durch eine mehrdimensionale, ganzheitliche Selbsttherapie unter Einbeziehung von EMDR freigelegt hat. Selbsttherapie ist letztendlich auf die immer vorhandene Selbstheilungskraft zurückzuführen. Diese schreibt die Autorin der Schöpfungskraft und damit dem Schöpfer selbst zu. Das Buch ist zugleich Erfahrungsbericht, Biografie und Sachbuch.

Mental self-healing-Holistic EMDR Selbstherapie and individuating self. In the 700 page work, including extensive Nachschlageverzeichnissen Sofia Sorensen describes their self-healing from a severe post-traumatic stress disorder, which has shaped their lives 53 years after an assassination attempt and severe bullying in childhood. The disturbances were in high sensitivity, hypervigilance, and sometimes panic disorders, phobias, sometimes addictive behaviors with a spending spree and constraints, nightmares, thoughts circles, some severe psychosomatic cramps, angina pectoris, glottic spasm, high susceptibility to infection and especially under the new trauma and frustration in general degraded social behavior. Compensation and decompensation certain forces exhausting their life. Sofia Sorensen has finally cured himself, has made intense by competent, their psychological self-healing by no more fears and preconceived views blocked but has uncovered a multidimensional and holistic self-therapy, involving EMDR. Self-therapy is ultimately due to the ever-present self-healing power. This writes the author of the power of creation and thus to the Creator himself. The book is also a field report, biography and nonfiction. //www.emdr-selbsttherapie.de//

Keywords: Holistic Healing Individuation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

152. Carlos, R. M. (2011, janeiro). Sem medo de voar: Terapia de reprocessamento de memórias promete combater os antigos [Flying without fear: Therapy for the reprocessing of old memories vows to fight]. Aero Magazine, 26-27.

Language: Portuguese

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
O medo de avião já virou até música composta por Belchior. Mas, nem sempre, é fácil conviver com o problema, que acaba afetando a vida pessoal e profissional, e transformá-lo em arte. Novas terapias foram desenvolvidas para tentar curar esse problema, que atinge diversas pessoas. Um método de tratamento é o reprocessamento de lembranças difíceis, usado em terapias como o EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing ou Dessensibilização e Reprocessamento por meio de Movimentos Oculares), que permite resolver medos, ansiedades e fobias de uma forma rápida e eficiente.

The fear of flying has turned to music composed by Belchior. But not always easy to live with the problem, which ultimately affects the personal and professional life, and transform it into art. New therapies have been developed to try to cure this problem, which affects many people. A method of treatment is difficult to reprocess memories, used in therapies such as EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing and Desensitization and Reprocessing by Eye Movements), which allows resolving fears, anxieties and phobias quickly and efficiently.

Keywords: Fear of flying Carvalho

Accuracy Verified: Yes

153. Smyth, N.,(Chair), Bath, K., de Jongh, A., Greenwald, R., Lee, C., & Maxfield, L. (2002, June). Setting guidelines for EMDR research: A roundtable discussion EMDRIA research committee. Roundtable discussion at the annual meeting of EMDR International Association, San Diego, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Research on EMDR has reached the stage where it is now important to have recommended directions and strategies for research on specific applications of EMDR. This session will be a working discussion of research committee members, and any other interested participants on this topic. The goal of this session is to develop guidelines for EMDR research on PTSD, phobias, complex trauma, and components analyses/dismantling studies.

Keywords: Guidelines Research

Accuracy Verified: Yes

154. Newgent, R.A., Paladino, D. A., & Reynolds, C. A. (2006, January). Single session treatment of nontraumatic fear of flying with eye movement sensitization reprocessing: Pre and post-September 11. Clinical Case Studies, 5(1), 25-36. doi:10.1177/1534650103261196.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR) was originally developed to treat traumatic memories. Since its development, the application of EMDR has proliferated to various disorders. A single session utilizing the EMDR approach applied to the treatment of nontraumatic fear of flying is presented. For this study, the EMDR process was adapted tomeet the needs of the client. The purpose of this study is to provide an example of the in-flight application of a single session of EMDR to nontraumatic or small "t" fear of flying. The case of a client successfully treated with in-flight EMDR is presented. Pre-September 11 and post-September 11 follow-up with the client is also documented.

Keywords: 9/11 Clinical Case Study Emotional Trauma Empirical Study Event Memories Experiences (Events) Fear of Flying Follow-up Study Memory Phobias September 11 Single Session Terrorism

Accuracy Verified: Yes

155. de Jongh, P. J., Andrea, H., & Muris, P. (1997, June). Spider phobia in children: Disgust and fear before and after treatment. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 35(6), 559-562. doi:10.1016/S0005-7967(97)00002-8.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Fear of spiders, disgust sensitivity, and spiders' disgust-evoking status were assessed in a group of spider phobic girls (n = 22) who applied for treatment, in a group of non-phobic girls (n = 21), and in the parents of both groups of children. The phobic girls were tested both before and after behavioural treatment which consisted of 1.5 hr eye movement desensitization and reprocessing and 1.5 hr exposure in vivo. Findings support the idea that disgust is an important aspect of spider phobia: (a) spider phobic girls exhibited higher levels of disgust sensitivity and considered spiders per se as more disgusting than non-phobic girls; (b) there was a parallel decline of spider fear and spiders' disgust-evoking status as a result of treatment; and (c) spiders' disgust-evoking status was relatively strong in mothers of spider phobic girls. The latter finding may indicate, that the acquisition of spider fear is facilitated by specific parental disgust reactions when confronted with spiders. [ScienceDirect]

Keywords: Disgust Exposure In Vivo Exposure Therapy Fear of Spiders Disgust Sensitivity Parents Phobias Spiders' Disgust Evoking Status

Accuracy Verified: Yes

156. Parnell, L. (2008). A therapist's guide to EMDR tools and techniques for successful treatment. Princeton, NJ: Recording for Blind & Dyslexic.

Language: English

Format: Audio

Abstract:
For over a decade, eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) has been gaining attention and momentum as an effective therapeutic tool for treating a range of trauma and phobic disorders. More and more therapists are seeking proper training to be able to incorporate EMDR into their practices. But often, therapists leave EMDR training enthusiastic, desiring to use these techniques in their practice, only to lose their nerve when encountering difficulties and treatment obstacles. Somehow, the theory learned in training is hard to translate into clinical practice. In A therapist's guide to EMDR, Parnell addresses this common dilemma by offering therapists an all-in-one, practical handbook for skillfully and successfully using EMDR in their practices. Drawing on fifteen years of experience as a pioneering EMDR clinician and trainer, Parnell bridges the gap between EMDR training and actual practice by identifying and exploring the four areas where most EMDR-trained therapists need help: case formulation, ego strengthening, target development, and processing difficulties. After a helpful refresher on basic EMDR procedure and protocol, as well as a discussion of how to modify these steps to fit your client's needs, Parnell delves into the areas essential to successful utilization of EMDR with clients: case conceptualization; preparation for EMDR trauma processing, including resource development and installation; target development; methods for unblocking blocked processing, including the creative use of interweaves; and session closure. A step-by-step description of a typical EMDR session is also presented, including all the major procedural steps, followed by an explanation of the clinical applications of EMDR in working with phobias, traumas, and critical incidents. Case examples, vignettes, and illustrations throughout help to clarify important concepts. Written in an accessible and practical style by someone who has trained thousands of EMDR practitioners, Parnell bases the book on on-the-ground experience of doing EMDR, incorporating the tools, techniques, and tips she has generated and gathered from conferences, workshops, and consultation with colleagues, as well from her own clinical experience. Perhaps most importantly, she acknowledges the unique approaches to EMDR use that are possible, emphasizing therapist-client flexibility, attunement, and intuition, rather than rigidity of practice. For EMDR-trained therapists who would like a little help integrating EMDR into their day-to-day practice, A therapist's guide to EMDR is a useful resource. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

157. Bowden, M. (1994, June 30). Therapists put their fingers on new memory treatment. Lexington, KY: Lexington Herald-Leader, Main News, Final Edition, A3.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
Now, they have taken to furiously wagging their fingers in front of the patient's face. It's called Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, or EMDR, and it is the latest rage, practiced by thousands of respected therapists in the treatment of traumatic memories and phobias.

Keywords: Alan Goldstein General Overview Lexington

Accuracy Verified: Yes

158. Tinker, R. H., & Wilson, S. A. (1999). Through the eyes of a child: EMDR with children. New York W. W. Norton.

Language: English

Format: Book

Abstract:
Explores the use of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) with children and adolescents. The book demystifies the application of EMDR for children, from the first session with the parents to later sessions with children at all developmental stages. The adult protocol is modified so that it can be applied to children as young as two years old (and possibly younger). A system of classification of childhood trauma allows therapists to predict a child's response to EMDR is presented. Myriad cases illustrate the use of EMDR with various traumas. Many examples of simple traumas are presented, including automobile accidents, lightning strikes, bereavement, and specific phobias such as a fear of animals. In addition, cases illustrate success with complex traumas, where aspects of the trauma are ongoing and EMDR becomes part of several possible therapeutic interventions. EMDR is also discussed as an intervention for children who have problems that are not caused by trauma. Case illustrations show how EMDR can be used with children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), anxiety, depressive, or reactive attachment disorders as well as learning difficulties and somatoform disorders. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Children Mental Disorders Phobias Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Stressors Survivors Therapeutic Processes

Accuracy Verified: Yes

159. Castello, A. G. L. (2012, Novembro). Tratamento de fobias e traumas em crianças através do EMDR [Treatment of phobias and trauma in children through EMDR]. In EMDR na infância. Apresentação no II Congresso Brasileiro de EMDR, Brasília, Brasil.

Language: Portuguese

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Este trabalho foi realizado numa Clínica Pediátrica, CLIAP, em São Paulo, Brasil, com 450 crianças na idade de 0 a 12 anos. Estas crianças vieram para tratamento psicológico com queixas de fobias e traumas simples e complexos. Foram utilizados 2850 protocolos de EMDR individual com as crianças e 220 protocolos individuais com os pais. Estes pais vieram para tratamento psicológico por intermédio do pediatra da clínica com queixas de dificuldades na condução do papel parental. Objetivos: Este trabalho é o início de uma pesquisa com EMDR com crianças, onde a técnica é utilizada como articulação metodológica no trabalho terapêutico com crianças e pais nas diversas situações de vida familiar, e tem sido realizado nos últimos cinco anos. Os atendimentos são feitos com EMDR individuais com as crianças e EMDR individuais com os pais quando necessário. Resultados: conseguimos obter um processamento das situações que foram trazidas como queixas pelos pais e pelas crianças, onde aparecem processos terapêuticos evidenciados pela elaboração dos traumas da Matriz de Identidade ligados a essas situações e o reprocessamento e rematrizações obtidas pelo EMDR.

This work was performed in a Pediatric Clinic, CLIAP in Sao Paulo, Brazil, with 450 children age 0-12 years. These children came to treatment complaining of psychological traumas and phobias simple and complex. We used 2850 individual EMDR protocols with children and 220 parents with individual protocols. These parents came to psychological treatment through the pediatric clinic with complaints of difficulties in conducting the parental role. Objectives: This study is the beginning of a survey of EMDR with children, where the technique is used as methodological articulation in therapeutic work with children and parents in diverse situations of family life, and has been held in the past five years. Services are made with individual EMDR with children and individual EMDR with parents when necessary. Results: we can get a processing situations that were brought as complaints by parents and children, where they appear therapeutic processes evidenced by the development of trauma Matrix Identity linked to these situations and reprocessing and rematrizações obtained by EMDR.

Keywords: Children, Phobias Processing Traumas

Accuracy Verified: Yes

160. Castello, A. L. (2008, Agosto). Tratamento de fobias e traumas em crianças através do sociodrama familiar e EMDR [Treatment of phobias and trauma in children through role-play family and EMDR]. Em Terapia Familiar: Psicodrama e EMDR, Uma Nova Articulação Psicoterápica (Maria Olívia Schwalb Seleme, Coordenação). Mesa redonda 47 Congresso Brasileiro de Terapia Familiar III Encontro de Pesquisadores, Gramado-RS, Brasil .

Language: Portuguese

Format: Conference

Keywords: Children Phobias Role Play Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

161. Tapanya, S. (2008, June). Trauma therapy for bullying victims in Thai schools. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The knowledge on the treatment of psychological trauma in Thailand is still in its rudimentary stage despite the fact that the country has been known for its highly trained medical personnel who are capable of providing sophisticated medical treatment such as plastic surgery, high quality dental care, and sex-change operation. And although the problem of violence has been well recognized, especially relating to child abuse and domestic violence, a more subtle form of violence such as bullying in school has been largely ignored. The author aims to present the summary from his survey of bullying incidence from over 3,000 students in all regions of Thailand. The problem appears to be wide-spread and resulted in fear and anxiety about going to school. During the past few years a number of bullying survivors have come forward to receive treatment for their traumatic memories that continue to trouble them. The presentation will outline treatment strategies for this client population and cite several case studies which may show how EMDR can be applied in a way that is unique to Thai culture.

Keywords: Bullying Poster Thailand Trauma Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

162. Nofal, S. (2008). Traumas y fobias en odontopediatría su tratamiento con EMDR. Parte 1 [Traumas and fobias in pediatric dentistry. Treatment with EMDR. Part 1] . In P. Solvey & R. C. Ferrazzano de Solvey (Eds.), Terapias de avanzada [Advanced therapies]: Vol. 5, Abordajes en EMDR: Trauma y disociacion – Ninos y adolescentes – Fertilidad, inferitilidad, y esterilidad - Psicoprofilaxis, quiruigica, adicciones [Approaches in EMDR: Trauma and dissociation – Children and adolescents – Fertility, infertility, and sterility – Psychoprofilaxis, Surgery, Addictions] (1st ed) (pp. 249-267). Buenos Aires: TdeA Ediciones.

Language: Spanish

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
No abstract available.

Keywords: Pediatric Dentistry Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

163. Fourie, D. P. (2006, September). Treating phobias or treating people? Of acronyms and the social context. Health SA Gesondheid, 11(3), 41-47.

Language: Afrikaans

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Fobies is van die mees algemene versteurings wat onder die aandag van terapeute en dokters kom. Die klassieke behandeling van keuse was SD (sistematiese desensitisasie), soms in kombinasie met hipnose. Meer onlangs het VR- (virtuele realiteit) prosedures en EMDR (oogbeweging desensitisasie herprosessering) na vore gekom as opwindende alternatiewe. SD en die VR-prosedures is operasionaliserings van kognitiewe gedragsterapie (CBT) en is op leerteorie gebaseer terwyl EMDR gewoonlik vanuit ‘n psigoneurologiese perspektief beskou word. Die oorwegend goeie resultate wat met die metodes behaal word waarna hierdie akronieme verwys, word dikwels gebruik om die geldigheid van die onderliggende teorie te bevestig. Hierdie teorieë onderverteenwoordig egter die interpersoonlike of sosiale aspekte van fobiese gedrag. Deur ‘n inter-persoonlike fokus by die algemene intra-persoonlike beskouing van fobiese gedrag te voeg, word beide die sukses van die gewone behandelingsmetodes en die relatief-rare mislukkings meer volledig verklaar. Deur gevalle as illustrasies te gebruik, werp hierdie artikel lig op die wyse waarop fobiese gedrag dikwels ingebed is in ‘n matriks van interpersoonlike en sosiale invloede en stel dit die meer gerigte en effektiewe benutting hiervan in die behandeling van fobielyers voor. HEALTH

Phobias are some of the most common disorders brought to the attention of treatment agents. Classically, the treatment of choice was SD (systematic desensitisation), sometimes combined with hypnosis. More recently, VR (virtual reality) procedures and EMDR (eye movement desensitisation reprocessing) emerged as exciting alternatives. SD and the VR procedures are operationalisations of CBT (cognitive behaviour therapy) and are based on learning theory, while EMDR is usually viewed from a psychoneurological perspective. The generally good results obtained with the methods known by these acronyms are often taken to confirm the soundness of the particular underlying theory. However, these theories under-represent the interpersonal or social aspects of phobic behaviour. Adding an inter-personal focus to the generally intra-personal view of this behaviour much more fully explains both the success of the usual treatment procedures and the relatively rare failures. Using case illustrations, this paper highlights the way in which phobic behaviour is often embedded in a matrix of interpersonal and social influences and suggests the more deliberate and effective utilisation of these in the treatment of phobic sufferers.[Journal abstract]

Keywords: CBT Cognitive Behaviorial Therapy Memory Processing Phobias Social Constructionism Systematic Desensitisation SD Virtual Reality VR

Accuracy Verified: Yes

164. Thomson, J., Bondy, N., & Cable, S., et al. (2000). Treating phobias: Desensitization, virtual reality, exposure therapy, and EMDR. Princeton, NJ: Films for the Humanities & Sciences.

Language: English

Format: Video

Abstract:
In this program, the treatment of John's claustrophobia, Judith's fear of flying and David's fear of heights-phobias described by the DSM-IV as Situational Type and Natural Environmental Type-are documented. Groundbreaking applications of virtual reality, by Emory University's Barbara Rothbaum, and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, by clinical psychologist Carl Nickeson, are profiled. The research of Jeffrey Gray, of the Institute of Psychiatry (London), into blood flow in the brain during moments of stress, panic, and terror is also examined.

Keywords: Phobias Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

165. Muris, P., & Merckelbach, H. (1995, September-October). Treating spider phobia with eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing: Two case reports. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 9(5), 439-449. doi:10.1016/0887-6185(95)00023-H.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Two spider phobics were first treated with Eye-Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) and then received an exposure in vivo session. Results showed positive effects of EMDR, but also suggest that it is especially self-report measures that are sensitive to EMDR. Improvement on a behavioral measure was less pronounced and exposure was necessary to eliminate residual avoidance behavior. This observation confirms the position of those EMDR critics who point out that EMDR effects should be documented with objective and standardized evaluation instruments (Pilots).

Keywords: Arachnida Clinical Case Study Empirical Study Phobias Spider Phobia

Accuracy Verified: Yes

166. Muris, P., & Merckelbach, H. (1997, January). Treating spider phobics with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: A controlled study. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 25(1), 39-50. doi:10.1017/S1352465800015381.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Keywords: Control Study Empirical Study Spider Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

167. Snyker, E. (1998, July). Treatment of affect phobias using EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Baltimore, MD.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will be able to 1) describe and use Tomkin's Three System Model of Emotion; 2) differentiate between the regressive/hysterical and obsessive/compulsive character defensive styles and modify treatment plans accordingly; 3) describe and apply the concept of the Two Triangles; 4) distinguish the functions of affect in order to determine if it is being used adaptively or maladaptively; and 5) integrate the knowledge gained with EMDR to help clients move through their defenses and become desensitized to their affect phobia.

Keywords: Afffect Phobia Phobias Tomkin's Three System Model of Emotion Two Triangles

Accuracy Verified: Yes

168. de Jongh, A. (2006, June). Treatment of anxiety and phobias with EMDR: Rapid conceptualization: Effective procedures and proposals for changes of the protocol. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Istanbul, Turkey.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Fears and phobias associated with EMDR situations where a single event for the well-structured, and short-term treatment is not compelling. Exposure in vivo EMDR'ın cognitive behavioral interventions, such as advantages, the fear-inspiring re-creation of the situation, situation (eg, sexuality, illness or death-related moments, situations) or phobic stimuli (eg, aircraft, mouse, snake) real life should be revived. However, inspiring fear and phobia on the basis of the number of lives to be in that situation, the phobic anxiety reactions to certain situations people may continue to give. Therefore EMDR'la fear and / or while working with phobias, anxiety-fear may danışanalr work preparing for the future status should not be terminated. This adaptive coping mechanisms to obtain, provide relief to improve the mental strategies in the future will need to be placed in a behavioral patterns and behavioral experiments can be done. EMDR'ın with fear and phobia clinical applications focusing on this at the end of the study group participants: 1) consult those who fear, avoidance of situations of mold assessment, 2) in terms of EMDR cases quickly formulated, 3) for those who need counseling EMDR protocol creative format can be adapted, and 4 ) EMDR intervention for their general treatment approach (cognitive-behavioral) to integrate aims to provide skills to develop.

Keywords: Anxiety Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

169. Wetherell, J. L. (1998, Winter). Treatment of anxiety in older adults. Psychotherapy, 35(4), 444-458. doi:10.1037/h0087745.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Although late life anxiety is common and appears to have potentially serious consequences, older adults generally underutilize mental health services. This article is a broad review of psychological literature that addresses the prevalence, consequences, and psychological treatment of anxiety in older adults. Psychological treatments, including relaxation, cognitive-behavioral therapy, psychodynamic therapy, and life review, are explored as alternatives to pharmacological approaches to treatment of anxiety. Several anxiety associated conditions are discussed: dementia, depression, phobias, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and PTSD. Case histories illustrate the effectiveness of psychological intervention for treatment of anxiety in the elderly. Included is a comprehensive list of manuals for anxiety treatment procedures. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Aged Anxiety Disorders Behavior Modification Cognitive Therapy Depressive Disorders Drug Therapy Health Care Utilization Literature Review Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy Stressors Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

170. Klaff, F. R. (1995, June). Treatment of children's fears with EMDR. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Through case material, the usefullness of EMDR is illustrated for the treatment of children's fears and phobias. The issue of integrating EMDR treatment with more traditional treatment is also addressed, especially with more complex contextual problems. Three case histories are presented with emphasis on the most complicated case. Family therapy treatment espouses the notion that psychopathology in the child results from dysfunctional family functioning, and as such the entire family system has to be treated. This concept is broadened with the use of EMDR. The first case illustrates a single trauma event in which a 6 year old boy was bitten by a rottweiler. Presenting symptoms were nightmares, fear of sleeping alone, poor school performance, persistent thoughts and fear of dogs. The first session of EMDR was successful in eliminating most of these fears. A second EMDR session focusing on a nightmare was also successful. Two follow up sessions with the family dealt with other parenting issues and the possibility of attention deficit disorder. The targeted problem was eliminated via EMDR. The second case demonstrates a successful one session treatment of an otherwise healthy 6 year old girl who had fears of the dark and had slept in her parent's bed for years. In the third case, a complex symptomatology is presented of a nine year old girl (Lily) with a severe, life threatening heart condition for which she has undergone 4 delicate aortal surgeries since age 2 and is on a medication maintenance regimen. Future surgery is anticipated during adolescence. Family history is significant for mother's struggle to overcome alcohol addiction, depression and past abuse. The family has financial pressures. Family system analysis reveals over involvement between mother and daughter, peripheral father and sibling rivalry (daughter 11). Family treatment involved boundary and limit setting, hierarchical restructuring and family communication skills. The illness as an organizing factor in the family system was repeatedly addressed. Interspersed with this treatment approach were EMDR sessions for daughters and mother. Lily had fears of separation fiom mother, fears of dying, choking, becoming ill, swimming, going to bed, and fears of the devil (as learned in their fundamentalist religion) as well as several other fears. EMDR sessions targeted these fears, and sometimes several fears were intertwined, such as fear of sleeping, the devil coming into her room and taking her away to die. Cognitive interweave was used when she appeared stuck. Through the EMDR treatments, Lily was able to deeply examine her fears, based on the real life uncertainties she faced. Her progress demonstrated a particularly poignant attempt to make sense of the meaning of life and cope with the threat of death.

Keywords: Children Fears

Accuracy Verified: Yes

171. de Jongh, A. (2010; June). Treatment of fears and phobias with EMDR: Assessment, conceptualization and effective treatment strategies. Preconference presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Specific phobias are more prevalent than any other group of psychiatric disorders. Given that specific phobias and PTSD share a number of important features, and that a wide array of controlled studies support EMDR's effectiveness with treatment for unprocessed events and related conditions, EMDR has also been claimed to be an effective treatment for specific fears and phobias.
This workshop focuses on EMDR as a treatment approach for a wide variety of fears and phobias. Participants will learn how: 1) to assess clients with patterns of fearful avoidance, 2) to rapidly conceptualize cases in terms of EMDR, 3) to adequately identify core targets and cognitions, 4) to use creative adaptations of the EMDR protocol for difficult clients, and 5) to integrate EMDR interventions into a general treatment approach. Many of these approaches will be illustrated by segments of video taped treatment sessions.

Keywords: Fear Phobias Treatment Strategies

Accuracy Verified: Yes

172. de Jongh, A. (2001, May). Treatment of phobias with EMDR. Presentation at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, London, UK .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In contrast with the learning model which proposes a strategy of gradual exposure to the 44 feared stimuli, the primary goal in EMDR is the processing of traumatic memories which are thought to be impaired. One advantage of EMDR above an exposure approach involves client comfort. Prolonged real-life exposure to anxiety provoking stimuli or thought is not always easy to pursue. Consequently, clients are not always ready or motivated enough to endure such a procedure; a procedure which also holds a potential risk of drop out before treatment can often not be successfully concluded. Another possible advantage of EMDR relates to the costs of treatment. For example, it may be more useful to apply EMDR than exposure in vivo treat flying phobia for which in many cases, as part of their in vivo treatment, clients have to take costly flights. The most important advantage seems to be the possibility of utilising EMDR for situations where the critical triggers cannot be reproduced or simulated in real life (e.g., certain sexual, illness or death situations) or, more generally, for which phobic stimuli are hard to obtain. This workshop focuses on the clinical application of EMDR with specific phobias. Participants will learn when and how to apply EMDR with phobias and integrate this into a general (cognitive-behavioural) treatment approach. This approach is illustrated by several video taped treatments.

Keywords: Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

173. de Jongh, A. (2004, June). The treatment of phobias with EMDR: Principle, protocol, and procedure. Preconference presentation at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, Stockholm, Sweden .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Installation of Future Template: a. Ask the client to mentally progress in time to identify an image (stationary picture) of a situation which he considers as desired and in which he acts adequately (there should be no negative or catastrophic aspects in the picture or in client's behavioral response). This image should represent an 'optimal response' to the situation. b. Install an appropriate positive belief statement (i.e., "I can handle it") by bringing up the future image and keeping in mind the belief statement while engaging in sets of eye movements (like in the installation phase of the standard protocol). c. After each SEM check the VoC by asking:"As you hold that image in mind, how true do the words (state the PC "I can handle it") feel to you now on a scale from 1 to '7, where 1 represents "It feels completely false" and 7 represent "It feels completely true?". Clontinue as long as the client reports a strengthening of validity. d. Check client's self-efficacy with: "To what extent do you believe you are able to actually handle this situation?" and rate this using a VoC scale. Continue with installing the PC as long as the client reports a strengthening of his self-efficacy. [Excerpt]

Keywords: Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

174. de Jongh, A., & ten Broeke, E. (2007). Treatment of specific phobias with EMDR: Conceptualization and strategies for the selection of appropriate memories. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 1(1), 46-56. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.1.1.46.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) has been shown to be a structured, noninvasive, time-limited, and evidence-based treatment for unprocessed memories and related conditions. This paper focuses on EMDR as a treatment for specific fears and phobias. For this purpose, the application of EMDR is conceptualized as the selection and the subsequent processing of a series of strategically important memories of earlier negative learning experiences concerning specific objects or situations. Firstly, the practical application and conceptualization of the treatment of phobias with EMDR is presented and compared with an exposure-based treatment approach. Next, specific attention is given to the assessment and selection of appropriate memories for processing. It is hypothesized that phobias with a nontraumatic background, or those in later stages of treatment after some reduction in anxiety has been achieved, would profit more from the application of a gradual in vivo exposure, whereas trauma-based specific phobias and those with high initial levels of anxiety would respond most favorably to EMDR. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Cognitive Therapy In Vivo Exposure Phobia Psychotherapeutic Processes Specific Phobia Stressors Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

175. de Jongh, A., ten Broeke, E., & Renssen, M. (1999, January-April). Treatment of specific phobias with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): Protocol, empirical status, and conceptual issues. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 13(1-2), 69-85. doi:10.1016/S0887-6185(98)00040-1.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This paper considers the current empirical status of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) as a treatment method for specific phobias, along with some conceptual and practical issues in relation to its use. Both uncontrolled and controlled studies on the application of EMDR with specific phobias demonstrate that EMDR can produce significant improvements within a limited number of sessions. With regard to the treatment of childhood spider phobia, EMDR has been found to be more effective than a placebo control condition, but less effective than exposure in vivo. The empirical support for EMDR with specific phobias is still meagre, therefore, one should remain cautious. However, given that there is insufficient research to validate any method for complex or trauma related phobias, that EMDR is a time-limited procedure, and that it can be used in cases for which an exposure in vivo approach is difficult to administer, the application of EMDR with specific phobias merits further clinical and research attention (ScienceDirect).

Keywords: Literature Review Phobia Review Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

176. King, J. (1997). A trial of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) compared to systematic desensitization in the treatment of specific phobias. Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Keywords: Phobia Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

177. Acierno, R., Tremont, G., Last, C., & Montgomery, D. (1994). Tripartite assessment of the efficacy of eye-movement desensitization in a multi-phobic patient. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 8(3), 259-276. doi:10.1016/0887-6185(94)90007-8.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The relative efficacy of Eye-Movement Desensitization (EMD) and Eye-Focus Desensitization (i.e., a treatment procedure designed to control for the effects of eye movement) in treating multiple phobias was assessed along behavioral, cognitive, and physiological response channels in a single-subject, multiple-baseline design across fear areas. Continuous physiological measurements, rather than presession/post- session change scores, were employed to permit accurate, fine-grained analysis of each intervention's effects. Results indicated that EMD failed to produce clinically significant intra- and intersession improvements beyond those produced by the control procedure on all dependent measures. A second multiple-baseline design across fear areas was implemented with the same subject and employed in vivo exposure/reinforced practice in order to demonstrate the patient's potential responsiveness to treatment. This procedure produced dramatic improvement on behavioral and subjective measures, but not on physiological indices. Results from this single-case experiment did not support the effectiveness of EMD. [ScienceDirect]

Keywords: EMD Phobia

Accuracy Verified: Yes

178. MacPhee, A. R., & Andrews, J. J. W. (2003, December). Twelve-year review of in vivo exposure: Treating specific phobias in children. Canadian Journal of School Psychology, 18(1/2). 183-201. doi:10.1177/082957350301800109.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This article reviews 15 studies using in vivo exposure to treat specific phobias in children. Six elements of research methods are considered: (a) participants clinically diagnosed; (b) subjective, behavioral, and physiological components of the fear reaction measured; (c) research design; (d) inclusion of a control group; (e) follow-up data collected; and, (f) necessity of including other treatments with in vivo exposure. The studies were obtained through a computerized search of PsycINFO and CISTI This investigation revealed that all six elements of research mc-,ethods examined inthis reieware in need ofimprovement. Suggestions for future research in this area are provided.

Keywords: Children In Vivo Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

179. Triscari, M. T., Faraci, P., D’Angelo, V., Urso, V., & Catalisano, D. (2011). Two treatments for fear of flying compared: Cognitive behavioral therapy combined with systematic desensitization or eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors, 1(1), 9-14. doi:10.1027/2192-0923/a00003.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This study aimed to test a combined treatment with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), compared with CBT integrated with systematic desensitization, in reducing fear of flying. Participants were patients with aerophobia, who were randomly assigned to two experimental groups in a before- and after-treatment research design. The Flight Anxiety Situations Questionnaire (FAS) and the Flight Anxiety Modality Questionnaire (FAM) were used. The efficacy of each program was evaluated comparing the pre- and post-treatment levels of fear of flying within subjects. A comparison of the post-treatment scores between subjects was also conducted. Results showed the effectiveness of each model with a significant improvement in the examined psychological outcomes in both groups. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved

Keywords: Air Transportation Phobias Psychotherapeutic Techniques Psychotherapy Treatment Effectiveness Evaluation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

180. Howard, M. D., & Cox, R. P. (2006, December). Use of EMDR in the treatment of water phobia at Navy boot camp: A case study. Traumatology, 12(4), 302-313. doi:10.1177/1534765606297821.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) has become one of the most scientifically researched mental health treatments in the world; yet little has been done specifically with active-duty service members. Initially used in the treatment of anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder, it has since become popular in the treatment of addictions, relationship problems, eating disorders, panic attacks, phobias, and mood disorders. This article expands the current study of EMDR through the use of a case study approach. Specifically, it provides a detailed case study of the treatment of water phobia experienced by a U.S. Navy recruit. The unique stressors and time pressures of the recruit training environment are discussed. A detailed account of the therapist’s adherence to the eight phases of the EMDR protocol is woven in to the case study. Although the efficacy research of EMDR in the treatment of specific phobias is mixed, this article demonstrates how EMDR can be effectively utilized to treat trauma-based phobias in a time-sensitive and pressure-based environment such as that of recruit training in the United States Navy.

Keywords: Case Study Navy Phobias Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

181. Scott, R. M. (2000). The use of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in treating a public speaking anxiety/phobia for individuals of high, moderate, and low absorption ability. Saybrook Graduate School and Research Center, San Francisco, CA. AAT 3105575.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a relatively new and seemingly effective but controversial therapeutic treatment used primarily for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and related anxiety disorders such as phobias. In this study, EMDR was used to treat a public speaking anxiety or public speaking phobia. It was predicted that EMDR would be an effective treatment but that the efficacy would vary as a function of the absorption ability of the participants. 30 healthy male and female participants between the ages of 18 and 55 were categorized into 3 groups based on their being high (n = 10), moderate (n = 10), or low (n = 10) in absorption ability. Only participants who scored low on the Dissociative Experience Scale (DES) were included in the study. Participants received up to 3 sessions of EMDR and were measured on 9 different outcome variables. Significant decreases in Subjective Units of Distress Scale (SUDS) verbal ratings were found from baseline to the end of session 1 for all three groups (ps < .05); no other significant improvements were found after the first session (ps > .10). Confidence in verbal reports of positive cognitions (Validity of Cognition scale; VoC) increased equally over the course of treatment for all absorption groups. Between-group comparisons revealed no significant differences between the absorption groups at the end of treatment on their verbal reports of disturbance (SUDS) and positive cognitions (VoC) regarding past, ongoing, and future projected speaking events. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved) Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 64(9-B), 2004, pp. 4635.

Keywords: Anxiety Eye Movements Phobias Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Public Speaking Public Speaking Anxiety

Accuracy Verified: Yes

182. Gross, L., & Ratner, H. (2002). The use of hypnosis and EMDR combined with energy therapies in the treatment of phobias and dissociative, posttraumatic stress, and eating disorders. In F. P. Gallo (Ed.), Energy psychology in psychotherapy: A comprehensive sourcebook (1st ed.) (pp. 219-231) New York: W. W. Norton.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
The treatment of dissociative disorders, PTSD, eating disorders, and phobias is frequently difficult and traumatic for the client. One author (LG) has been treating clients with a combination of hypnosis, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), thought field therapy, emotional freedom technique, visual kinesthetic dissociation, and other energy field therapies for the purpose of shortening the length of therapy and making it less painful. Clients occasionally feel violated when such energy therapies are used on their own. For those clients it is upsetting to have their symptoms taken away without having any sense of the process involved as it takes place. When this reaction occurs, EMDR and hypnosis can be extremely useful when used in combination with thought field therapy and other energy therapies.To decide which modalities to use for a particular client, a clinician can make use of muscle testing. My experience has been that, except for the simplest cases, none of the therapies alone (i.e., hypnosis, psychotherapy, EMDR, or variations of energy therapies) may be sufficient. The combination, however, is a powerful treatment modality that can accomplish excellent results in a very short time frame. [Text, p. 219]

Keywords: Adults Dissociative Disorders Eating Disorders Energy Psychotherapy Hypnotherapy Phobias Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD TFT Thought Field Therapy Stressors Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

183. de Jongh, A., & ten Broeke, E. (2000, September). The use of ‘exposure’ in EMDR. EMDRIA Newsletter, 5(4), 4-8.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract: An important feature of PTSD is that it is not very likely that the same traumatic event will happen again. For example, if a client has been raped and succesfully been treated with EMDR, generally not many clinicians will feel the urge to prepare the client for a next rape. Conversely, in a number of cases (for instance phobic conditions) the client does have to anticipate future situations in which the former phobic stimuli are present; and where he will have to interact with these. As a result of the application of the EMDR basic protocol, the likelihood or severity of the initial threat may have been reappraised, and the incident that initially felt traumatic may have been reattributed to an innocuous event. However, if a dental phobic has been successfully treated for his phobia, it is likely that he will still have to undergo invasive dental work, such as injections, root canal treatments or extractions. This has implications for treatment. Therefore, with specific phobias, after any successful reprocessing of anxiety related material occurs, it is of paramount importance that the client be properly prepared for future confrontations with the anxiety provoking objects and situations.

Keywords: Exposure

Accuracy Verified: Yes

184. Lu, D. P. (2010, May/June). Using alternating bilateral stimulation of eye movement desensitization for treatment of fearful patients. General Dentistry, 58(3), e140-e147.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Since the mid-1990s, eye movement desensitization (EMD) has been used in the realm of clinical psychology and psychiatry as a nonpharmacotherapeutic modality for the treatment of phobias, post-traumatic symptoms, and various psychotrauma cases. EMD can also be incorporated into the use of hypnosis, although the two are not the same thing. This study examined various clinical applications of the eye movement component of EMD (known as alternating bilateral stimulation (ABS)) on fearful dental patients who had a history of traumatic dental experiences. Findings were based on the clinical impressions and assessments of both the patients and the operating team. Results show that ABS, while effective for enabling patients to undergo non-invasive dental procedures such as clinical examinations and simple prophylaxis, has only limited beneficial effect for extremely fearful patients who must undergo invasive procedures such as extraction, drilling, and injections. Nevertheless, ABS is effective for mild to moderate patient phobia and anxiety. Although EMD is more effective than ABS, ABS is simple and easy for patients and clinicians to perform during treatment and can be performed readily in the dental office.

Keywords: ABS Alternating Bilateral Stimulation Anxiety Dental Patients Denistry Drilling EMD Extraction Injections Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

185. Staff. (1997, May). Using EMDR to treat psychological trauma. Clinician's Research Digest, 15(5), 3.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
This article discusses outcome studies on eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). It is noted that EMDR was originally designed for rapid treatment of traumatic memories, but practitioners have also applied it to such other problems as phobias, panic disorder, grief, chemical dependence, and dissociative disorders. Since the development of EMDR, numerous outcome reports in the form of case studies, single-subject experiments, and group design experiments have appeared in the literature. Several studies and meta-analyses of EMDR are described. While one meta-analysis concluded that the effects of EMDR are (a) not strong, (b) most apparent with self-report measures but absent with physiological indices of the disorder, and (c) absent altogether in some studies, other authors believe this is an overstatement. Two other meta-analyses note that there have been more controlled studies of EMDR than all other treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and both acknowledge a range in findings. It has been suggested that there are numerous explanations for negative or limited findings for EMDR, most notably the use of chronic, multiply traumatized veterans (where secondary gain may be a concern), lack of treatment fidelity, and insufficient length of treatment.

Keywords: Emotional Trauma Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

186. Forgash, C. A. (1997, Spring). Utilizing EMDR consultation in a concurrent treatment model. The Clinician, 28(2), 1-2.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Concurrent psychotherapy is valuable by providing timely interventions to patients with specialized needs. Clinicians refer patients for psychiatric consultations group work and to therapists who specialize in problem areas such as panic disorder, trauma, child abuse issues and substance abuse. Such traumas as child sexual abuse, family violence and disasters result in a large population suffering from Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and other Dissociative Disorders. Other patients have long-standing depressions, panic and psychosomatic disorders, performance anxiety and phobias stemming from traumas which do not resolve in traditional psychotherapy.

Keywords: Concurrent Treatment Model Consultation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

187. Curry, S. (2007, June). Where protocol meets client: Choices in case conceptualization in EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR is being increasingly – and successfully – utilized for a broader range of big “T” and small “t” traumas. Research indicates that adherence to the 8-phase protocol and the 3-pronged approach brings about the most successful outcomes in our clients. The problem in their application, however, is frequently “how?” A day in the life of an EMDR therapist can involve a plethora of symptoms: attachment difficulties, anxiety, Phobias, relational dysfunction, dissociation, and mood disorders, to name just a few client presentations. Much confusion and discouragement can arise as the clinician struggles with the variety of client presentations and the awkwardness of learning a significantly different approach to psychotherapy. Consultation experience reveals that it is most often psychotherapy. Consultation experience reveals that it is most often these two factors which bring about the unfortunate discrepancy between the numbers of those who take EMDR training and those who utilize it frequently. By means of a discussion of pre-screening typical and atypical case scenarios and the provision of a decision tree using appropriate resources and specialize protocols, participants will learn a more systematic way to conceptualize their cases. In addition, there will be a summary of frequently asked questions about the course of EMDR therapy garnered from the presenter’s consultees. And guidelines for keeping treatment on a course as common challenges in EMDR present themselves. This workshop is an outgrowth of “Decisions, Decisions ... Forks in the Road in EMDR: What, When and Why” presented at the EMDR Europe Conference in Istanbul and the EMDRIA conference in Philadelphia in 2006.

Keywords: Case conceptualization Protocol

Accuracy Verified: Yes

188. Scaer, R. (1999, February). Whiplash, pain and PTSD: The gain in pain comes mainly from the brain. Presentation at the Winter Brain Meeting, Palm Springs, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The whiplash syndrome is a complex, poorly understood and controversial cluster of symptoms including spinal pain, cognitive dysfunction, neurologic symptoms and emotional complaints consistent with posttraumatic stress disorder. Perhaps its most perplexing feature is the fact that symptoms frequently are far out of proportion to the severity of the accident itself. The frequency of emotional symptoms has led many physicians to attribute symptoms of whiplash to somatization. The typical syndrome of whiplash includes chronic headaches, spinal and jaw pain, usually classified as myofascial pain. Neurologic symptoms include cognitive dysfunction, positional vertigo, balance disturbance, blurring of vision, photophobia and phonophobia, all of which are attributed to minor traumatic brain injury. Emotional complaints include driving phobias, irritability, hypervigilence, exaggerated startle, flashbacks, depression, nightmares and sleep disturbance. DSM IV compatible or subsyndromal forms of PTSD occur in up to 60% of patients. I began to question the traumatic basis for whiplash when I discovered that most of my patients with delayed recovery had remarkable past histories of trauma, especially child abuse. I discovered that early and rigorous use of somatically based trauma therapies, especially EMDR and Somatic Experiencing resulted in clearing not only of emotional symptoms, but also neurologic and pain-related complaints in many cases. I have concluded that the neurophysiological basis for traumatization includes not only kindled arousal, explicit and procedural memory circuits, but also automatic patterns of neuromuscular bracing, stored in procedural memory analogous to motor skill memory. Bracing patterns of involved muscles represent protective motor reflexes from the moment of injury. Linked to memory and arousal, this kindled circuit leads to perpetuation of regional myofascial pain. Dissociation plays a major role in perpetuation of this phenomenon, and accounts for many of the unusual neurologic symptoms of whiplash. This model conforms to current theories of PTSD as a model of kindling, but includes the somatic element that I believe is a universal part of the syndrome of traumatization. The pervasive neurohormonal effects of trauma account for the remarkable amount of somatic complaints in this syndrome, and may be the basis for many poorly understood chronic idiopathic disease processes. Incorporation of the neuromuscular system in the process of traumatization pleads for the study of somatically-based therapies for PTSD.

Keywords: Pain Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PSTD Whiplash

Accuracy Verified: Yes

189. de Jongh, A., & ten Broeke, E. (2000, September). Why and how to use ‘in vivo exposure’ in EMDR. EMDRIA Newsletter, 5(3), 18.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
An important feature of PTSD is that it is not very likely that the same traumatic event will ever happen again. Accordingly, if a client has been raped and succesfully been treated with EMDR, generally not many clinicians will feel the urge to prepare this client for a next rape. Conversely, in a number of cases (particularly phobic conditions) the client does have to anticipate future situations in which fear evoking stimuli are present; and where he will have to interact with these. For example, if a person who suffered from a dental phobia has been successfully treated for his phobia, it is likely that he will still have to undergo invasive dental work, such as injections, root canal treatments, or extractions. This has implications for treatment. As a result of the successful application of the EMDR basic protocol, the likelihood or severity of the initial threat may have been reappraised, and the incident that initially felt traumatic may have been reattributed to an innocuous event. Yet, it is possible that the client is still not completely convinced of her ability to cope, and therefore, avoids certain activities or situations. In that case, the client should be properly prepared for future encounters with the anxiety provoking objects and situations. One way to prepare the client for such confrontations, is the use of in vivo exposure.

Keywords: In Vivo Exposure

Accuracy Verified: Yes

190. Bisping, V. S. (2011). Wirksamkeit von eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) bei zahnbehandlungsphobie [Efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) treatment for dental phobia]. Universitätsklinikum Münster, Kliniken, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie,Forschung, Munster, Deutschland .

Language: German

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
In dieser Studie werden 30 Patienten mit Zahnbehandlungsphobie in einem Warte-Kontrollgruppen-Design mit Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) behandelt. Die manualisierte Intervention umfasst drei ca. 90-minütige Sitzungen. Vor und nach der Behandlung wird die Angst vor der Zahnbehandlung mit Fragebögen und einem Verhaltenstest erfasst. Darüber hinaus werden bildgebende Untersuchungen durchgeführt (siehe folgendes Projekt).

In this study, 30 patients treated with dental anxiety in a wait-control group design with Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). The manualized intervention includes three 90-minute sessions. Before and after the treatment, the fear of dental treatment with a behavior test questionnaires and is detected. In addition, imaging studies are performed (see next project: Erfassung neurobiologischer Korrelate der EMDR-Behandlung bei Patienten mit Zahnbehandlungsangst, by S. Doering, V. Bisping, N. Nora Liebergesell, B. Höffkes, M. Junghöfer, C. Dobel).

Keywords: Dental Phobia

Accuracy Verified: Yes

191. Gelinas, D. (2013, May). “Smoke and mirrors” procedures for managing dissociative impediments during EMDR processing phases. Plenary presented at the Western Massachusetts EMDRIA Regional Network 9th Annual Spring Conference, Amherst MA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
When clinicians understand how dissociation works and how to manage it, the considerable benefits of EMDR therapy can be provided to clients with complex posttraumatic disorders. This presentation is designed to help clinicians manage dissociative impediments to EMDR processing. It will address 1) the descriptive and structural approaches to understanding dissociation, 2) recognizing dissociative impediments (including the phobias of internal processes as defined in structural dissociation), 3) methods for reducing dissociative disruptions of processing, and 4) stepped procedures for managing them if they emerge. Videotape segments will illustrate clinical procedures.

Keywords: Dissociation Plenary

Accuracy Verified: Yes