Francine Shapiro Library ~ EMDR Bibliography

Francine Shapiro Library - EMDR Bibliography Links

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Your Results - you searched for the keyword Confrontation 25 Results

1. Sack, M. (2006). Aktuelle befunde zu wirkfaktoren der EMDR-behandlung [Recent findings on effective factors of EMDR treatment]. Sack Website.

Language: German

Format: Other

Abstract:
Das EMDR-Behandlungsverfahren (EMDR= eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) wurde von der amerikanischen Psychologin Francine Shapiro entwickelt und seit 1989 als manualisiertes Therapieverfahren zur Behandlung von Patienten mit Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörungen (PTSD) und anderen traumabezogenen Symptomen eingesetzt. Die Grundvorgehensweise besteht darin, dass der Patient in der Sicherheit einer haltgebenden therapeutischen Beziehung eine Konfrontation mit seinen traumatischen Erinnerungen erlebt. Ziel der Traumabearbeitung ist die Integration von kognitiven, emotionalen und körperlichen Reaktionen auf das Trauma indem die Erinnerungen wiederbelebt, wahrgenommen und verarbeitet werden. Anders formuliert, wird die durch das Trauma induzierte Dissoziation wieder aufgehoben. Die in der traumatischen Situation unterbrochene Verbindung zwischen Wahrnehmungen, Gedanken, Emotionen und Körperreaktionen wird wieder hergestellt. Danach erfolgt eine Bearbeitung von dysfunktionalen Kognitionen, wie z.B. von Schuldgefühlen, die auf unrealistischen Einschätzungen der traumatischen Situation beruhen (Shapiro 1998). Abweichend von der klassischen verhaltenstherapeutischen Traumaexposition werden im EMDR die Traumaexpositionsphasen nur relativ kurz (30 – 90 sec) durchgeführt und durch bilaterale Stimulierung in Form von Augenbewegungen (der Hand des Therapeuten mit den Augen folgen) oder durch alternative Berührungsreize auf die linke und rechte Hand (sog. Tapping) oder durch alternativ dargebotene Töne ausgelöst.

The EMDR treatment process (EMDR = eye movement desensitization and Reprocessing) was developed by psychologist Francine Shapiro of the American developed and since 1989 as a manualized therapies for the treatment of Patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other traumabezogenen symptoms used. The basic approach is that the patient in the safety of a therapeutic relationship haltgebenden a confrontation with traumatic memories experienced. The aim of the Trauma treatment is the integration of cognitive, emotional and physical Reactions to the trauma memories revived by the perceived and processed. In other words, is induced by the trauma Dissociation rescinded. The interrupted in the traumatic situation Link between perceptions, thoughts, emotions and Reaction of the body is restored. This is followed by a treatment of dysfunctional cognitions, e.g. feelings of guilt, based on unrealistic Assessments of the traumatic situation are based (Shapiro 1998). Notwithstanding are from the classical behavioral trauma exposure in EMDR the phases of trauma exposure is relatively short (30-90 sec) and conducted by bilateral stimulation in the form of eye movements (the hand of the therapist follow with the eyes) or by alternative tactile stimuli on the left and right hand (so-called tapping) or alternatively Helping sounds triggered.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

2. Lansch, D. (2010, June). Application of the Four-Fields-Technique in treatment of a patient with dissociative disorder (case report). In Complex trauma. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The treatment of complex traumatized patients is difficult. Especially during long term treatments it is not easy for the chronically traumatized individuals to tolerate the exhausting confrontation with the trauma during the EMDR standard procedure. On the other hand they have often problems to recognize the severity of what happened to them. Many have problems with their compromised feelings of self-worth. Those and other clinical problems are the reason to look for alternative EMDR techniques. The Four-Field-Technique. one of the techniques of EMDR. could be a good approach to solve some of these problems. It was developed by Jarero et al, as a group protocol which followed the 8 phases of the standard EMDR protocol (STDP). Different from the STDP is that the moment of greatest distress is drawn on a sheet of paper (after drawing a resource image before and installing it with (bilateral: butterfly hugs. Different from the group protocol patients some benefit greatly from the individual application of the technique. In this lecture the long term treatment of a patient with a dissociative disorder is reported. Thereby the different phases of trauma treatment will be demonstrated via spates of pictures. The four field- technique itself will be explained as well as the difference to the standard protocol of EMDR as the patient experienced.

Keywords: Case Report Dissociative Disorder Four-Fields-Technique Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

3. Rost, C. (2010, June). Bridging the gap between stabilisation and trauma confrontation. Pre-conference presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
When processing trauma material during the EMDR session, we often see the spontaneous appearance of resource material. This helps patients to come to terms with the traumatic memory. With complex traumatized patients, this material appears far less frequently, and the EMDR process can be much harder. We can support the process by activating specific resources, both before and during the EMDR session.
During this workshop, specific resource techniques will be presented and practiced which can help to stabilize complex traumatized patients and which can also be combined with the EMDR standard protocol: Position of Power, Power Animal, Body Resource, CIPOS, and a protocol for early childhood memories.

Keywords: Body Resource CIPOS Position of Power Power Animal

Accuracy Verified: Yes

4. Rost, C., & Eckers, D. (2009, June). CIPOS: A bridge between stabilization and trauma confrontation with simple and complex traums in adults and children. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Adults Children Complex Trauma CIPOS Simple Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

5. Muret, M. (2010, April). Dissociative vs. associative techniques to treat dissociation. Presentation at the 2nd Bi-Annual International European Society for Trauma and Dissociation Conference, Belfast, Northern Ireland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In the past two decades, various effective techniques have been developed for the treatment of trauma: EMDR, EMI, EFT, OEI, NLP, SE, etc. These different techniques inevitably raise the question: “Which techniques should be used for which patients? “ Because dissociative disordered patients may react to trauma work with dissociative detachment, a "low impact" technique is needed. Thus, therapeutic approaches that employ a certain degree of dissociative distancing seem to be well-suited to dissociative patients. Richard Bandler (NLP) and, more recently, Cary Craig (EFT) have developed calm, nondramatic ways to address trauma and solve problems. EMDR, a more associative method, seems better suited to stable patients who possess good resources. This workshop will present a continuum that locates techniques along a scale of increasing degrees of confrontation. Special attention will be given to EFT (Emotional Freedom Techniques), an easy-to-learn method. Techniques for reinforcing the Somatic Self during EMDR sessions will be explained. The second part of this workshop will present a conceptualization for these techniques, based on the works of Stephen Porges, Ellert Nijenhuis and Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi (Flow Theory).
Learning Outcomes The attendee will learn to consider the danger(retraumatization) of an intervention. According to the kind of patient and situation, he will be better able to choose the best available technique. For newcomers a basic methode of EFT will be taught, that can be later used in simple cases. Through a "participative" teaching the attendee will understand and integrate difficult abstracts concepts like: polyvagal model, structural dissociation, mental tension, ...

Keywords: Associative Techniques Dissociation Dissociative Technqiues

Accuracy Verified: Yes

6. Bohm, K. (2011, June). EMDR in der behandlung der zwangsstörung [EMDR in the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Vienna, Austria.

Language: German

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In diesem praxisorientierten Workshop wird der Einsatz von EMDR bei Zwangsstörungen vorgestellt und eingeübt. Dabei wird auf Besonderheiten beim Einsatz von EMDR ebenso eingegangen wie auf die Kombination mit Reizkonfrontationen (Expositionsübungen). Ein verändertes Standartprotokoll wird eingeführt, das "Therapietiming“ von EMDR aufgezeigt und auf typische Probleme in der Emotionsregulation eingegangen. Learning objectives: Ein wichtiges Augenmerk richtet sich in der Therapie immer auf die Persönlichkeit und Lebensgeschichte des Patienten. Sie lernen EMDR auf die jeweilige Persönlichkeit zuzuschneiden und auch die Art des Zwanges zu berücksichtigen. Waschzwänge bedürfen zum Beispiel oft anderer Strategien als reine Zwangsgedanken. Im Workshop werden Therapievideos gezeigt, das praktische Vorgehen eingeübt und die Theorie hierzu anschaulich vermittelt. Er richtet sich sowohl an verhaltenstherapeutisch als auch an tiefenpsychologisch arbeitende Kollegen.

In this hands-on workshop, the use of EMDR is presented with OCD and practiced. It is specific to the use of EMDR as well as to respond to stimulus combination confrontation (exposure exercises). A modified standard protocol is introduced, demonstrated the "treatment timing" of EMDR and discussed common problems in emotion regulation. Learning objectives: An important focus is always in the therapy on the personality and life history of the patient. You will learn to tailor to the particular personality and EMDR to consider the kind of coercion. Washing compulsions for example, often require different strategies than pure obsessions. The workshop therapy videos are shown, and rehearsed the practical approach and teaches the theory on this vividly. He addresses both behavioral therapy and psychodynamic to working colleagues.

Keywords: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder OCD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

7. Bohm, K. (2012, September). EMDR in der behandlung der zwangsstörung [EMDR in the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder]. Vortrag auf der Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft Zwangserkrankungen Münster, Deutschland.

Language: German

Format: Conference

Keywords: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder OCD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

8. Bohm, K., & Voderholzer, U. (2010, September). EMDR in der behandlung von zwangsstörungen: Eine fallserie [Use of EMDR in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorders: A case series]. Verhaltenstherapie [Behavior Therapy], 20(3), 175–181. doi:10.1159/000319439.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract: (The above link is to the English version of the German article.)
Hintergrund: Die kognitive Verhaltenstherapie mit Exposition und Reaktionsverhinderung ist die am besten untersuchte und derzeit wirksamste Therapie bei Zwängen. 15–40% der Patienten können jedoch nicht von diesem Verfahren profitieren. Sie berichten Motivationsprobleme, brechen die Behandlung vorzeitig ab oder zeigen anhaltende Probleme in der Emotionsregulation. Der zusätzliche Einsatz der Therapiemethode «Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing» (EMDR) zur Reduktion dieser Schwierigkeiten wird vorgestellt und beschrieben. Methode: Es werden drei Kasuistiken vorgestellt, die mittels deskriptiver Analysen ausgewertet werden. Hierbei wird auf das inhaltliche Vorgehen sowie die Therapiemotivation und Emotionsregulation im Therapieverlauf eingegangen. Ein Patient mit Kontrollzwängen erhielt zunächst EMDR-Sitzungen und anschließend Expositionsübungen. Eine andere Patientin mit vorwiegend Zwangsgedanken wurde zuerst mit Expositionen und danach mit EMDR behandelt. Im dritten Fall wurden Expositionen und EMDR-Sitzungen abwechselnd durchgeführt. Ergebnisse: Die drei behandelten Patienten berichteten eine Reduktion der Zwänge um etwa 60%. EMDR wurde von allen drei Patienten als motivierend und hilfreich beschrieben. Die Arbeit an den Emotionen konnte durch EMDR angeregt und verstärkt werden. Eine deutliche Reduktion der Zwänge durch die Expositionen zeigte sich bei 2 Patienten, während diese im Zuge der EMDR-Sitzungen nur leicht abnahmen. Diskussion: EMDR könnte eine vielversprechende Augmentationsoption bei der Behandlung von Zwängen darstellen. Für eine bessere Beurteilung sind kontrollierte und randomisierte Studien erforderlich.

Introduction: Various studies have demonstrated that cognitive behavioural therapy with exposure response prevention is the most effective method to treat obsessive- compulsive disorders. However, 15–40% of patients do not respond to it; they cannot be motivated to undergo treatment, drop out, or experience persisting difficulties in regulating their emotions. In this article, EMDR is presented as an additional method for these specific problems. Method: Three case studies are reported and descriptively analysed. Special focus is placed on the patients’ motivation and on how they regulate their emotions. Different ways of applying EMDR in the course of psychological treatment are described as well. EMDR before confrontation therapy was applied in the first patient (checking behaviour); the second patient (compulsive thoughts) was first treated with confrontation therapy and then with EMDR; in the third patient, EMDR and confrontation therapy were applied alternately. Results: All three patients showed a reduction of symptoms by about 60%. They experienced EMDR as a useful and motivating method. Furthermore, they felt encouraged to deal with their emotions in additional psychological treatments. Confrontation therapy markedly reduced OCD symptoms in two of the patients. Discussion: EMDR could be a useful augmentation method in treating patients with OCD, but further controlled and randomised studies are required to validate this conclusion.

Keywords: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder OCD Psychotherapeutic Method Psychotherapy Research

Accuracy Verified: Yes

9. Bohm, K. (2010, Juni). EMDR in der behandlung zur zwangsstorung [EMDR in the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder]. Vortrag auf der Jahrestagung der EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Deutschland.

Language: German

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In diesem praxisorientierten Workshop den Einsatz von EMDR mit Zwangsstörung (OCD) werden vorgestellt und geübt werden. In diesem Workshop werden wir die Besonderheiten der Verwendung von EMDR sowie die Kombination mit Stimulus Konfrontation (Exposition Übungen) umfassen wird. Ein Standard-Eintrag verändert wird umgesetzt, das "Timing der Therapie" von EMDR wird gezeigt und die typischen Probleme im Zusammenhang mit der Regulierung von Emotionen wird geprüft werden. Der Workshop richtet sich an alle Kolleginnen und Kollegen arbeiten in-Tiefe sind psychische und Verhaltensstörungen Therapeutika ausgerichtet.

In this practice-oriented workshop the use of EMDR with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) will be presented and practiced. During this workshop we will cover the special features of using EMDR as well as the combination thereof with stimulus confrontation (exposure exercises). An altered standard record will be implemented, the “timing of the therapy” of EMDR will be shown and the typical problems relating to the regulation of emotions will be looked into.
The workshop is aimed at all colleagues who are working in-depth with psychological and behavioural therapeutics.

Keywords: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder OCD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

10. Kennert, G. (2008). EMDR und biofeedback in der behandlung von posttraumatischen belastungsstörungen [EMDR and biofeedback in the treatment of post traumatic stress disorder]. Forum Psychotherapeutische Praxis, 8(1), 45-46. doi:10.1026/1860-7357.8.1.45b.

Language: German

Format: Journal

Abstract: rezensiert von Gabriele Kennert, In dem von Stefan Jacobs und Anna de Jong vorgestellten Behandlungskonzept werden die kognitive Verhaltenstherapie, das EMDR-Verfahren sowie Biofeedback miteinander kombiniert, um die Angstreaktion im Rahmen traumatisierender Erinnerungen zu verringern bzw. zu hemmen und somit auch die Symptomatik der posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung abzubauen. Im ersten Teil des Buches gehen die Autoren eingehend auf den theoretischen Hintergrund (Neurophysiologie, Hirnfunktionen) ein, die mit der neuronalen Bahnung von traumatisierenden Erinnerungen einhergehen. Hierbei vertreten sie die These, dass sich die neuronalen Bahnungen der Traumata nicht löschen lassen, dass sozusagen die Angstreaktion in der Amygdalaregion im Gehirn löschungsresistent ist und es somit in der Konsequenz im Therapieziel nur um die Verringerung der Angstreaktion, bzw. Hemmung der Angstreaktion gehen könne. Konkret modifizieren die Autoren innerhalb des kognitiv, verhaltenstherapeutischen Vorgehens das Modell von Ehlers und Clark, ebenso das EMDR-Verfahren von Shapiro. Das Biofeedbackverfahren nutzen die Autoren als diagnostisches Instrument, um die subjektiven Bewertungen seitens der Patienten und Patientinnen auch objektiv überprüfbar zu machen mit Hilfe der Messung der elektrodermalen Aktivität (EDA). Im zweiten Teil des Buches beschreiben sie detailliert eine wissenschaftliche Studie an 16 Patienten und Patientinnen, die an dem Behandlungsprogramm an der Universität Göttingen teilgenommen haben. Hierbei sei bei allen Patienten und Patientinnen eine signifikante positive Symptomveränderung der PTB nachzuweisen gewesen. Im weiteren Teil des Buches stellen sie ihr ausführliches Therapiekonzept und Behandlungsprotokoll vor. Es wird eingehend auf die Diagnostik (psychologische Testverfahren sowie Biofeedback eingegangen, ein wichtiger Teil ist die Informationsvermittlung sowie Stabilisierung für die Patienten und Patientinnen. Danach erfolgt die Traumabehandlung mit Konfrontation und Integration. Wert wird hierbei in Abgrenzung zu Shapiro auf die frühzeitige Verbindung zur positiven Kognition gelegt in Verbindung mit Hausaufgaben, die die Patienten zwischen den Sitzungen bekommen mit eingehenden Verhaltensübungen. Die Autoren grenzen ein, dass ihre Methode nicht für alle Patienten und Patie tinnen geeignet ist, sondern dissoziative Störungen und Persönlichkeitsstörungen sowie Suchtproblematik explizit ausgeschlossen seien. Die Stabilisierungsübungen werden praktisch beschrieben (Sicherer Ort, Tresor), ebenso die praktische Anwendung des Biofeedbackverfahrens sowie das Behandlungsprotokoll für EMDR. Gegen Ende des Bandes schließen sich Fallstudien aus der Arbeit der Autoren an, um die Praxis zu verdeutlichen. Im Anhang gibt es Adressenverzeichnisse über den Bezug von Tests, Biofeedbackgeräten oder Lehrfilmen. Zusammenfassend kann man sagen, dass der Band kurzgefasst, sehr übersichtlich und konkret sowie praxisnah das neuropsychotherapeutische Behandlungsprogramm darstellt, so dass dies hilfreich für die psychotherapeutische Praxis in Bezug auf Traumabehandlungen erscheint. Das Buch richtet sich an Fachleute und ist für Laien eher weniger geeignet.

In the presented text by Stefan Jacobs and Anna de Jong, the treatments approached are the cognitive-behavioral therapy, the EMDR method and biofeedback combined to the fear reaction Framework to reduce traumatic memories or to inhibit and thus the symptoms of reduce post-traumatic stress disorder. In the first part of the book, the authors detail to the theoretical background (neurophysiology, Brain functions, a), the facilitation of the neuronal accompanied by traumatic memories. Here, they argued that the neuronal Facilitations of trauma can not be cleared, so to speak, that the fear response in the Amygdalaregion Brain is resistant to extinction and thus in consequence the goal of therapy just to reduce the fear response, and inhibiting the fear response could. Specifically, the authors modify within the cognitive, behavioral approach, the model by Ehlers and Clark, as well as the method of EMDR Shapiro. The biofeedback method, the authors use as a diagnostic tool for the subjective evaluation on the part of the patients also making objectively verifiable by measuring electrodermal activity (EDA). In the second part of the book they describe in detail a scientific study of 16 male and female patients, where the treatment program at the University Göttingen participated. Here is at all patients, and patients had a significant positive Detect symptom change the PTB have been. In another part of the book they put their detailed Therapeutic approach and treatment protocol first. It will detail the psychological diagnosis ( Test procedures and biofeedback received an important Part is to communicate information and stabilization for male and female patients. Thereafter the confrontation with trauma treatment and integration. Value in this case in contrast to Shapiro on down early connection to the positive cognition in conjunction with homework, the patients who get between meetings with incoming Behavioral exercises. The authors of a frontier that their method is not for All male and female patients is appropriate, but dissociative And personality disorders and addiction are explicitly excluded. The stabilization exercises are described practically (Safe Place, Safe), as well as the practical Application of biofeedback procedure and the treatment protocol for EMDR. Towards the end of the tape to close case studies from the work of the authors in order to clarify the practice. In the appendix, there are records of the address Terms of testing, biofeedback devices or educational films. In summary, one can say that the band concise, very clear and concrete and practical the neuro-psychological treatment program represents, so this is helpful for the psychotherapeutic Practice in relation to trauma treatment appears. The book is aimed at professionals and is for Lay less suitable.

Keywords: Biofeedback Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

11. ter Heide, F. J. J. (2011). EMDR versus stabilisaite: Resulten van een pilot studie [Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) versus stabilisation in the outpatient treatment of traumatised asylum seekers and refugees: A randomised controlled trial]. Refereer Centrum '45, Oegstgeest, the Nederlands.

Language: Dutch

Format: Publication

Keywords: Asylum Seekers Randomized Control Trial Outpatient Treatment RCT Refugees

Accuracy Verified: Yes

12. Lange, A., & van de Kerkhoff, K. (2001). EMDR zonder oogbewegingen is imaginaire confrontatie (EMDR (E + M) = IC) [EMDR without eye movements is imaginary confrontation (EMDR - (E + M) = IC)]. Directieve Therapie, 21(3), 246-256. doi:10.1007/BF03060261.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Drie jaar na een verkeersongeluk had de hoofdpersoon uit deze gevalsbeschrijving nog last van storende, intrusieve gedachten en beelden. De – succesvolle – behandeling bestond uit slechts één sessie van anderhalf uur, waarvan Imaginaire Confrontatie (ic) de hoofdschotel was. De ic wordt op de voet gevolgd en vergeleken met Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (emdr), waarvan ook ‘one session treatment’-gevalsbeschrijvingen bekend zijn. In het nawoord kijken de behandelaar (eerste auteur) en de cliënte (tweede auteur) terug op de behandeling.

Three years after a traffic accident, the protagonist of this case report is irritating, intrusive thoughts and images. The - successful - treatment consisted of only a half hour session, which Imaginary Confrontation (ic) was the main dish. ICU is being closely monitored and compared to Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), which also at one session treatment'-known case studies. In the afterword watch the therapist (first author) and the client (second author) returned to treatment.

Keywords: Grief Imaginary Confrontation Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

13. Fredin, I. (2005). EMDR-behandling: Barns och ungdomars upplevelser en kvalitetssäkringsstudie [EMDR treatment: Ensuring the quality of EMDR as a treatment for children and young people]. Umeå University, Sweden.

Language: Swedish

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Föreliggande studie är dels ett led i att kvalitetssäkra EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) som behandlingsmetod för barn och ungdomar och dels att utröna om behandlingen bidragit till ett förbättrat mående. EMDR som behandlingsmetod för barn och ungdomar har stöd i kontrollerade studier, men ytterligare forskning behövs. I den här studien deltog åtta barn och ungdomar med varierande diagnoser, vilka fått EMDR-behandling i barn- och ungdomspsykiatrisk öppenvård. Behandlingen ingick i en individualterapi i ett familjeterapeutiskt sammanhang. Barnen/ungdomarna intervjuades per telefon om hur de upplevt behandlingen och om sitt mående i efterförloppet. Information om diagnoser, C-GAS, antal EMDR-sessioner samt terapeutens bedömning inhämtades som komplement till intervjun. Resultaten visar att EMDR-behandlingen upplevs ha bidragit till att obehagskänslor och symtom minskade, men i olika grad, för alla intervjuade barn/ungdomar. Denna förändring kunde också noteras i terapeutens bedömning och i de bedömda C-GAS-värdena. Alla kände sig trygga under behandlingen och tyckte att de fick tillräcklig information. Hälften tyckte att konfrontationen med de svåra minnena var det mest obehagliga. Vissa detaljer i protokollet, såsom att bestämma målbild, upplevdes svårt för över hälften. Alla intervjuade skulle rekommendera EMDR-behandling till andra. Det positiva resultatet talar för att EMDR är en användbar metod för barn- och ungdomar med traumatiska minnen, och att det är värdefullt att satsa på fortsatt forskning kring EMDR med barn- och ungdomar.

The present study is the first part of ensuring the quality of EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) as a treatment for children and young people and also to determine if the treatment contributed to an improved malaise. EMDR as a treatment for children and adolescents is supported by controlled studies, but further research is needed. In this study, eight children and adolescents with various diagnoses who received EMDR treatment in child and adolescent psychiatric outpatients. The treatment was part of an individual therapy in a family therapy context. Children / young people were interviewed by telephone about their experiences and treatment of their malaise in its aftermath. Information on diagnosis, C-GAS, number of EMDR sessions and the therapist's assessment was collected as a supplement to the interview. The results show that EMDR treatment is perceived to have contributed to the discomfort and symptoms decreased, but to varying degrees, all interviewed children / adolescents. This change was also noted in the therapist's assessment and the assessed C-GAS-values. All felt safe during the treatment and felt they had enough information. Half thought that the confrontation with the difficult memories was the most unpleasant. Some details of the protocol, such as determining the vision, difficulty was experienced for more than half. All respondents would recommend EMDR treatment to others. The positive results suggest that EMDR is a useful method for children and adolescents with traumatic memories, and that it is worthwhile to invest in continued research on EMDR with children and adolescents.

Keywords: Adolescents Children: Psychotherapy Trauma Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

14. D‘Hooghe, D. (2010, June). EMDR‘s application in the treatment of children with selective mutism. In Experimental use of EMDR. Symposium presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This case concerns a 4,5 year old girl with Selective Mutism. In this particular case. I considered Selective Mutism a symptom of an attachment trauma. Since the trauma wasn't accessible seeing her age and the complexity of the trauma, I used the symptom as a target. I applied EMDR within a phase model: the preparation phase, confrontation phase and integration phase. During these three phases I continuously worked with bilateral stimulation It is my hypothesis that in this case the bilateral stimulation: 1. stimulated and strengthened positive links in the adaptive network. 2 synchronized the activity of both cerebral hemispheres, resulting in a connection between the primary emotions of traumatic experiences and rational insights and language. 3. unblocked the traumatic information and reactivated the natural healing process of the brain. I used several forms of bilateral stimulation as visual stimulation, tactile stimulation and the butterfly hug. Because of her lack of words, she wasn't able to tell me anything. So through storytelling I offered her different themes to which she could respond by making drawings, figures in clay, etc. During the preparation phase, I focused on safety, ego strengthening and affect management to reduce the fear to speak. 1. Working with safety : the eye movements were first accomplished using a safe Image which brought up her own sense of security. Then, after imagining this safe place, the child was willing to play tapping games to strengthen feelings of safety. 2. Ego strengthening : to feel as strong as possible by installing resources and positive cognitions, and guiding the child towards acceptance and development of its unique being. Bilateral stimulation was used to strengthen the positive experiences. 3. Affect management: in the process of strengthening affect management, the child was given access to her anxiety by storytelling linked to visualization, the use of images and bodywork. Again, bilateral stimulation was used to strengthen the positive experiences/skills. After a few sessions. I introduced the use of language and stimulated her to make sounds, followed by pronouncing places of words and finally the pronunciation of complete words and sentences. Through this whole process, 1 combined the specific exercises to learn how to speak with bilateral stimulations. During the twelfth session, the child started talking spontaneously Given the fact that there wasn't any direct confrontation work during the sessions, we are left to wonder whether there has or hasn't occurred any trauma processing. The symptom came to a halt, together with the disappearance of other symptoms that were Inked to the trauma. The question is whether it is necessary to confront young children with their trauma in order to heal. Nevertheless, it seems like the combination of bilateral stimulation with storytelling, art therapy, play therapy and visualization speeded up the elimination of the child's trauma symptoms considerably.

Keywords: Experimental Use Selective Mutism

Accuracy Verified: Yes

15. ter Heide, J. J., Mooren, T., & Kleber, R. (2009, November). Evidence-based vs. good practice: The treatment of traumatized refugees with EMDR. In M. Olff, J. J. Ter Heide, M. J. Nijdam, & S. Guay (Chairs), Advances in evidence-based treatment for PTSD. Symposium conducted at the 25th annual meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, Atlanta, GA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Despite the scientific evidence concerning the efficacy of EMDR in the treatment of PTSD, in clinical practice many clinicians are reluctant to apply EMDR to traumatized asylum seekers and refugees. Because they regard the traumatization of this population as too complex, and for fear of psychological decompensation, they tend to avoid confrontation with traumatic memories and stick to stabilization techniques. In a pilot study with 20 traumatized asylum seekers and refugees, we tested the hypothesis that, in accordance with treatment guidelines, EMDR would be more effective than stabilization in asylum seekers and refugees. Adult asylum seekers and refugees who applied for treatment at Centrum ’45, a Dutch national centre for psychological treatment of victims of war and organized violence, were randomly allocated to either 11 sessions of EMDR or 11 sessions of stabilization. PTSD and comorbid symptomatology and quality of life were assessed at pre- and post-treatment and three-month follow-up. In this presentation, the results of this pilot RCT will be discussed. Significant differences favouring EMDR over stabilization were found. Despite several drawbacks including a high drop-out and limited clinical improvement, study design seems feasible with this population.

Keywords: Evidence-Based Good Practice Refugees Symposium Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

16. Sanderson, A., & Carpenter, R. (1992, December). Eye movement desensitization versus image confrontation: A single-session crossover study of 58 phobic subjects. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 23(4), 269-275. doi:10.1016/0005-7916(92)90049-O.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Eye movement desensitization (EMD) and a control procedure, image confrontation (IC) were compared in a group of 58 phobics, 31 of them arachnophobes. [There were 7 cases of "traumatic phobia" and 1 of "classical PTSD."] Subjects confronted disturbing images in a single-session crossover trial. Anxiety levels were recorded on the SUD Scale. Whenever practicable, SUDs to feared objects were also recorded. EMD and IC were equally effective in reducing anxiety levels. After 1 month, during which subjects were encouraged to use IC daily, improvement was maintained. Since exposure to the disturbing image is common to both methods it must be presumed to be the basis of change when EMD is used in cases of phobia. [Author Summary]

Keywords: Accidents Adults British Dog Bites Exposure Therapy Phobia Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

17. de Jongh, A. (2010, April). Fijne kneepjes bij angsten en fobieën [Intricacies of fears and phobias]. Workshop gepresenteerd aan de vierde congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Nijmegen, The Nederlands.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
De fijne kneepjes van het behandelen van angsten- en fobieën Een fobie is de meest voorkomende psychische aandoening. Het hebben van een dergelijke angst is vervelend en degene die er last van heeft wordt vaak behoorlijk beperkt in het dagelijks functioneren. Omdat angsten meestal ontstaan als gevolg van gebeurtenissen blijkt EMDR – middels het op therapeutische wijze beïnvloeden van de kennisbestanden die daaraan ten grondslag liggen - een bijzonder geschikte behandelaanpak. Deze workshop is bedoeld voor ervaren therapeuten die hun reikwijdte ten aanzien van behandeling van patiënten met een angst of fobie - al dan niet met behulp van EMDR - verder wil vergroten. De deelnemers krijgen naast tips en ideeën, een nieuwe vorm van casusconceptualisatie en targetselectie aangereikt die vooral bij patiënten met veel vermijdingstendenties effectief is. Daarnaast wordt uitgelegd hoe cognitieve gedragstherapeutische interventies behulpzaam kunnen zijn om de patiënt voor te bereiden op - of te laten wennen aan – toekomstige, potentieel moeilijke confrontaties met de fobische stimulussituatie. Het aangeleerde materiaal - dat wordt ondersteund door videobeelden uit de praktijk - kan direct in de praktijk worden toegepast. Aan de orde komen een grote variëteit aan voorbeelden van behandelingen van patiënten met fobische problematiek: braakfobie, tandartsfobie, stikfobie, kattenfobie en bloed-letsel-injectiefobie. De workshop is geschikt voor behandelaars, zowel op het terrein van volwassenen als kinderen en jeugd. Het doel van de workshop is deelnemers na de workshop in staat te stellen om: ● fobische problematiek te conceptualiseren in termen van EMDR ● gebruik te maken van een nieuwe methode van casusconceptualisatie en targetselectie voor het behandelen van angsten en fobieën ● de verschillende effectieve componenten van een EMDR behandeling aan te wenden en te integreren (cognitive interweaves, future template, mental video etc.) ten behoeve van de behandeling van angsten en fobieën ● EMDR te combineren met diverse evidence based interventies zoals, copingstrategieën (bijvoorbeeld bij injectiefobie) gedragsexperimenten (bijvoorbeeld bij stikfobie) en applied tension (bij bloed-letsel-injectiefobie)

This workshop is designed for experienced therapists who range in relation to treatment of patients with a fear or phobia - or not using EMDR - continue to increase. Participants receive tips and ideas in addition, a new form of target selection and casusconceptualisatie handed mainly in patients with many avoiding tendencies effective. Besides explaining how cognitive behavioral interventions may be helpful to the patient to prepare for - or get used to - future, potentially difficult confrontation with the phobic stimulussituatie. The learned material - supported by video footage from the ground - straight into practice. It discusses a variety of examples of treatments of patients with phobic problem: empty phobia, dentist phobia, phobia sewing, cats phobia and blood-injection-injury phobia. The workshop is suitable for therapists, both in the field of adults and children and youth. The aim of the workshop participants after the workshop to allow for: ● phobic to conceptualize problems in terms of EMDR ● Using a new method of target selection and casusconceptualisatie to treat fears and phobias ● the various components of an effective EMDR treatment to use and integrate (cognitive interweaves futures template, mental video etc.) for the treatment of fears and phobias ● EMDR combined with various evidence based interventions such as coping strategies (eg injection phobia) behavioral experiments (eg nitrogen phobia) and Applied tension (In blood-injection-injury phobia)

Keywords: Fears Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

18. Lamprecht, F., Sack, M., & Lempa, W. (2002, November). Improved regulatory capacities after successful treatment of PTSD. Poster presented at the 18th annual meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress, Baltimore, MD.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
We assessed the effects of psychotherapeutic treatment on psychophysiological hyperarousal and self-regulation during confrontation with a traumatic reminder in 15 subjects with PTSD before, shortly after EMDR-treatment and at 6-month follow-up.All subjects underwent a psychphysiological evaluation with a modified traumascript paradigm including assessment of scriptprovoked heart rate changes and heart rate variability. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) as the component of heart rate variability closely related to vagal tone was derived from the time-series of inter-beat intervals via polynomial band-pass filtering (Porges 1992). Psychometric instruments (IES, PDS, SUD-Scale) were used to assess treatment outcome.We found a significant overall reduction in psychometric measures of PTSD-symptomatology as well as significantly decreased levels of script provoked HR-acceleration after EMDR-treatment (11.3 ± 10.8 bpm vs. 5.1 ± 5.7 bpm, p < .03). As expected, traumascript presentation suppressed RSA-levels reflecting the effect of stress on vagal regulation. In comparison pre- vs. follow-up RSA increased significantly during baseline (5.06 ± .98 vs. 5.86 ± 1.2, p < .004) as well as during traumascript (4.55 ± 1.26 vs. 5.55 ± 1.23, p < .02). Our findings of higher RSA-levels in combination with reduced HR reactions on a traumatic reminder after successful psychotherapy can be interpreted as a therapy mediated enhancement of biologically determined self regulation capacities.

Keywords: Poster Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

19. Neuner, F. (2008, Juli). Stabilisierung vor konfrontation in der traumatherapie -- Grundregel oder mythos? [Stabilization before confrontation in trauma treatment -- Elementary rule or myth?]. Verhaltenstherapie, 18(2), 109-118. doi:10.1159/000134006.

Language: German

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Psychotherapie der PTBS ist oft in die Phasen der Stabilisierung und Konfrontation unterteilt. In der Stabilisierungsphase lernt der Patient, Strategien zur Regulierung und Kontrolle beeinflussen Symptome. Danach kann die Erinnerungen an das traumatische Ereignis offen gelegt und verarbeitet werden in der Konfrontation Phase. Deutsch Behandlungsrichtlinien und etwas Text Pfund postulieren, dass eine Phase der Stabilisierung bedingungslos vor der Konfrontation mit dem Trauma Erinnerungen erforderlich stattfinden kann. Im Gegensatz zu dieser Aussage, Evidenz aus randomisierten, kontrollierten Studien zeigt, dass die sogenannten Trauma-Ansätze konzentrieren (Varianten der kognitiven Verhaltenstherapie, Exposition Therapie und EMDR) die erfolgreichsten Methoden für die Behandlung von PTBS sind. Als Konsequenz empfehlen mehreren internationalen Verbänden und Instituten diese Verfahren als Therapie der ersten Wahl. Alle Trauma-konzentrierte Ansätze umfassen irgendeine Art von Konfrontation mit nur rudimentären Stabilisierung oder ohne Stabilisierung bei allen. Darüber hinaus gibt es keine Hinweise, dass die Exposition Verfahren gefährlicher als Stabilisierung oder dass sie weniger gut toleriert und akzeptiert werden. Ebenso gibt es keinen Beweis, dass die Stabilisierung ist notwendig für Patienten mit komplexen Trauma-bedingten Erkrankungen wie bei erwachsenen Patienten mit einer Vorgeschichte von sexuellem Missbrauch. Entgegen der gängigen Lehre, eine Phase der Stabilisierung ist nicht notwendig, Trauma Behandlung und die Möglichkeit der negativen Auswirkungen der Stabilisierung kann nicht ausgeschlossen werden. [Abstract Autor]

Psychotherapy of PTSD is often divided into the phases of stabilization and confrontation. In the stabilization phase, the patient learns strategies to regulate affect and control symptoms. Thereafter, the memories of the traumatic event can be disclosed and processed in the confrontation phase. German treatment guidelines and some text books postulate that a phase of stabilization is unconditionally required before the confrontation with trauma memories can take place. In contrast to this statement, evidence from randomized controlled trials shows that the so-called trauma-focused approaches (variants of cognitive-behavioral therapy, exposure therapy, and EMDR) are the most successful methods for the treatment of PTSD. As a consequence, several international associations and institutes recommend these procedures as the treatment of first choice. All trauma-focused approaches include some type of confrontation with only rudimentary stabilization or with no stabilization at all. In addition, there is no evidence that exposure procedures are more dangerous than stabilization, or that they are less well tolerated and accepted. Likewise, there is no evidence that stabilization is necessary for patients with complex trauma-related disorders such as adult patients with a history of childhood sexual abuse. Contrary to the common doctrine, a stabilization phase is not necessary for trauma treatment and the possibility of negative effects of stabilization cannot be ruled out. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Confrontation Exposure Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Stabilization Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

20. Vojtova, H. & Hasto, J. (2005). Stabilizačné techniky a EMDR v psychoterapii posttraumatickej stresovej poruchy [Stabilization techniques and EMDR psychotherapy in posttraumatic stress disorder]. Psychiatrie Pro Praxi, 4, 198-200.

Language: Slovak

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
Kazuistika ilustruje využitie stabilizačných psychoterapeutických techník a EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing) v terapii jednoduchej i subsyndromálnej komplexnej (3) posttraumatickej stresovej poruchy (PTSP) u tej istej pacientky. Stabilizačné techniky, ktoré využívajú špeciálne volené a štruktúrované imaginácie, pomáhajú pacientovi v prvej fáze terapie obnoviť schopnosť prežívať bezpečie, mobilizovať jeho vlastné zdroje uzdravenia a pomôcť mu získať kontrolu nad vlastným prežívaním. EMDR je psychoterapeutická metóda konfrontácie s traumou (expozície), ktorá vychádza z poznatkov o neurobiologickom spracovaní informácií. Jadrom metódy je zistenie, že bilaterálna stimulácia (zabezpečená najbežnejšie pohybom očí zo strany na stranu – odtiaľ názov metódy) umožňuje adaptívne spracovanie dysfunkčne uloženej informácie a uvoľňuje samoliečiaci proces v nervovej sústave pacienta (4). Stabilizačné techniky i EMDR patria ku komplexnej psychoterapii traumy.

The case report illustrates the use of psychotherapeutic techniques, stability and EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitisation and reprocessing) in the treatment of simple and complex subsyndromálnej (3) posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the same patient. Stabilization technique using specially chosen and structured imagination, assist the patient in the first phase of therapy to restore the ability to experience security, to mobilize its own healing resources to help him gain control of their own survival. EMDR is a psychotherapeutic method of confrontation with the trauma (exposure), based on knowledge of the neurobiological information processing. The core method is the finding that bilateral stimulation (eye movements commonly provided from side to side - hence the name of the method) allows for adaptive processing of dysfunctional information stored and released samoliečiaci process in the nervous system of patients (4). Stabilization techniques and EMDR psychotherapy include a comprehensive trauma.
Also puplished in Psychiatria Pre Prax, 6(4), 194-196.

Keywords: Eye Movements Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapy PTSD Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

21. Vojtova, H. (2007, June). Stabilization techniques and EMDR - Two case illustrations. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The poster presents two short case studies – vignettes. Both represent an illustration of interactions between stabilization techniques and trauma confrontation using ERMDR in the psychotherapy of PTSD. The first case portrays a part of a longer and more complex psychotherapy of a woman violently raped by a strange man. The second one exemplifies a short-term psychotherapy of a young woman who developed PTSD after being repeatedly attacked by a dog from a neighbor’s house. Each case in its own way shows the need for both stabilization and trauma-reprocessing and the role of providing real safety in the environment is highlighted.

Keywords: Case Study Poster Stabilization

Accuracy Verified: Yes

22. Spierings, J. (2007, June). The three tests: A structure approach to stabilization. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
For every client who comes for treatment with trauma-related symptoms and complaints, we ask ourselves at least once: What shall we do? Stabilization or confrontation? Sometimes the answer is easy, many times it is a difficult decision. In this presentation, a systemic approach is presented to asses, together with the client, whether the client is ready for trauma confrontation. The client’s capabilities for trauma processing are carefully estimated and strengthened when necessary. This is done with the help of an informal measuring instrument: “The three tests.” It helps the therapist to make a well-balanced choice between stabilization and trauma confrontation at any moment in treatment. The result shows what this specific client still needs to learn before EMDR traumawork can be safely and successfully started, and gives the therapist that necessary material for a tailor-made treatment plan. Some clients can start EMDR traumawork right away, for others the moment for confrontation will never come. But for these clients too “the three tests” offer a structured and meaningful treatment program. The presentation is both very practical and based on a solid theoretical base. The exercises and techniques can be applied immediately for many clients.

Keywords: Stablization

Accuracy Verified: Yes

23. Spierings, J. (2010, July). The three tests: A systemic approach to stabilization. Presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
“The Three Tests” A systematic approach to stabilization: Working with severely traumatized clients, we are confronted with many difficult questions, impossible choices and dilemmas: is the client ready for (EMDR-)trauma work, or is more stabilization needed? How do we assess the bearing strength and affect regulation level of the client? What if the client is too unstable because of the trauma symptoms? How can we enhance safety and control without working on the trauma? And if affect tolerance is too small to do EMDR, what can we do? In this presentation you learn to assess the client’s readiness for EMDR in a systematic way, combined with a treatment plan to work on the skills and resources the client needs to develop. The presentation gives many, many practical ideas for interventions and exercises to help the client develop bearing strength and grow towards trauma confrontation. Of course there will be lots of illustrating case stories.

Keywords: Stabilization

Accuracy Verified: Yes

24. Bohm, K. (2012, June). Use of EMDR in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorders: A case series [El uso de EMDR en el tratamiento de trastornos obsesivocompulsivos: Una casuística]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Various studies have demonstrated that 15-40% of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD) do not respond to it; they cannot be motivated to undergo treatment, drop out, or experience persisting difficulties in regulating their emotions. In this practical workshop, EMDR is presented as an additional method in the treatment of OCD. OCD-patients experienced EMDR as a useful and motivating method. Furthermore, they felt encouraged to deal with their emotions in additional psychological treatments. Confrontation therapy markedly reduced OCD symptoms. EMDR is shown as a useful augmentation method in treating patients with OCD by using videos, live-demonstrations and speech. Especially, important interweaves for OCD-patients and the timing in therapy will be shown.

Varios estudios han demostrado que entre el 15 y el 40% de los pacientes con trastornos obsesivo-compulsivo (TOC) no responden; no se les puede motivar para someterse a tratamiento, lo abandonan o sufren dificultades persistentes en la regulación de sus emociones. En este taller de naturaleza práctica, se presenta EMDR como otro método adicional [a utilizar] en el tratamiento de TOC. Los pacientes con TOC vivieron su experiencia con EMDR como un método útil y motivador. Es más, se sintieron animados a afrontar sus emociones en el entorno de otros tratamientos psicológicos. La terapia de afrontamiento redujo marcadamente sus síntomas de TOC. Se ha demostrado que EMDR representa un método útil de aumento en el tratamiento de personas con TOC mediante el empleo de vídeos, demostraciones en directo y charlas. De particular interés son los entretejidos importantes que se presentarán para la terapia en individuos con TOC y el momento idóneo para introducirlos.

Keywords: Obsessive Compulsion Disorder OCD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

25. Hummel, H., & Matthess, H. (2005, June). What to teach beside EMDR in trauma-centered psychotherapy. In Teaching EMDR. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Brussels, Belgium.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The objective of this workshop is to encourage the participants to develop and carry out a comprehensive course for diagnostics and treatment of trauma-related disorders.
The trauma-curricula in Schaffhausen and Sinzig were created independently as training courses for psycho-traumatology. They are taken as examples to clarify basic ideas on how to organize curricular-structured seminars in the field of psycho-traumatology and trauma-therapy. The EMDR-trainings are very well established as basic for trauma confrontation therapy but "around EMDR" there is much more to teach that can only be learnt over a longer period of time.
The curricular structure as a means to teach the knowledge and skills improves the motivation of colleagues to attend the seminars. Consensus, cooperation, and mutual recognition between other institutes and international organizations in the field of psycho-traumatology committed to a general draft makes the acceptance even stronger.
There is consensus about the knowledge of anamnesis, diagnostics, treatment planning, stabilization techniques, and the working through of traumatic material. In both curricula more than one method for trauma confrontation is taught. The more tools and skills the therapist is able to use the easier it is to find the appropriate method for each client. So therapists can avoid what is meant by the proverb: "if you only have a hammer you will treat everything like a nail" (Maslow).
The first evaluation of the participants in both curricula in Schaffhausen and Sinzig will be presented including questions about relevance. satisfaction with structure and content as well as suggestions for improvement.

Keywords: Symposium Teaching

Accuracy Verified: Yes