Francine Shapiro Library ~ EMDR Bibliography

Francine Shapiro Library - EMDR Bibliography Links

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1. Wieland, S., & Baita, S. (2009, November). "Blank" ...Using EMDR with children who dissociate. Presentation at the International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation, Washington, DC.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract: Dissociation is a common response for children who experience abuse, severe neglect, or extreme disorganized attachment. EMDR can help (1) increase a child´s sense of safety and stability, (2) decrease disconnection between aspects of self, and (3) process trauma. While the part of the child existing in the `now´ may be aware of safety, the younger or infant part of the child to whom trauma occurred often is not aware of present safety. This younger part which continues in fear disrupts the child´s functioning. Ideas will be presented for using EMDR to increase knowledge of present safety across the child´s dissociative system as well as recognizing where safety may not exist. Use of EMDR for building secure attachment with child and parent, processing triggers, increasing the child´s connection between dissociative states, and processing both explicit and implicit memories will be described. Dissociative children are often difficult to work with. Ideas will be given for adapting EMDR for use with these highly volatile, dissociative children. The importance of recognizing and acknowledging dissociation when it appears within the child´s EMDR processing will be emphasized. This workshop is appropriate for therapists already trained in EMDR. Numerous case examples will be given.

Keywords: Children Dissociation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

2. Robertson, J. M., & Williams, B. W. (2010). "Gender aware therapy" for professional men in a day treatment center. Psychotherapy Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 47(3), 316–326. doi:10.1037/a0021163.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
High accountability men in the medical, legal, corporate, and mental health professions sometimes engage in behavior that violates their fiduciary responsibilities. These highly skilled men may engage in disruptive or explosive behavior, cross sexual boundaries with clients or patients, abuse substances, or have other psychiatric problems that compromise their workplace performance. When this occurs, licensing boards, professional societies, or supervising executives often require the dysregulated man to seek assistance. This article reports on ways the Professional Renewal Center incorporates recommendations from “Gender Aware Therapy” in developing a male-friendly approach to conducting comprehensive multidisciplinary psychological assessments, and to providing intensive, multimodal, weeks-long treatment services.

Keywords: Assessment Masculinity Professionals Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

3. Oz, S. (2005). The "wall of fear": The bridge between the traumatic event and trauma resolution therapy for childhood sexual abuse survivors. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 14(3), 23-47. doi:10.1300/J070v14n03_02.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
A multitude of published books and papers on child sexual abuse (CSA) describe symptoms, long-term effects, and therapy for survivors of abuse. However, the parallels between the nature of the sexual trauma event(s) as originally experienced by the victim and the therapeutic process into which the survivor later becomes engaged have not been reported. This paper attempts to fill that gap and proposes that the concept of a "Wall of Fear" is the bridge connecting the two. In the first part of the paper, a model of the CSA experience based upon Furniss will be explained in order to point out the basis for the dissociation and other symptomology demonstrated by the CSA victim. Following that, the stages of therapy will be mapped out, with special attention to the concept of the Wall of Fear and traumatic memory resolution (abreactions) and with reference to the experience of the original traumatic events. Therapist fear of decompensation will be addressed. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Child Abuse Rape Survivors Effects Psychotherapeutic Processes Adults Body Psychotherapy TIR Traumatic Incident Reduction

Accuracy Verified: No

4. 市井雅哉＆伊藤豊（翻訳）[Joan Lovett, (Ichii Masaya and Ito Yutaka (translators)] (2010). スモール・ワンダー―EMDRによる子どものトラウマ治療 [Small wonders: Healing childhood trauma with EMDR]. 大阪：Niheisha、300頁 [Osaka: Niheisha, 300 pp.].

Language: Japanese

Format: Book

Keywords: Children Stressors Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

5. 平岡篤武 [Hiraoka Atsutake]. (2006年5月). 加害的性逸脱行動を行った男児(被害者)にEMDRを導入した心理ケア (特集〔日本子ども虐待防止学会〕第11回学術集会(北海道大会)) [Perpetrators were male gender deviant behavior (victim) was introduced to the psychological care EMDR (Special Child Abuse Prevention Association of Japan] [11th Annual Meeting (Conference Hokkaido))]. 児童虐待とネグレクト、8（1）、29から38 [Child Abuse and Neglect, 8(1), 29-38].

Language: Japanese

Format: Journal

Keywords: Male Gender Deviant Behavior Perpetrators

Accuracy Verified: Yes

6. 田中究, 井上浩一 [Tanaka Kiwamu, and Inoue Koichi]. (1999). 子ども時代の虐待の記憶をEMDRで扱う ―記念日現象が明らかとなった季節性うつ病の一例― [EMDR treatment for childhood traumatic memories - A case of seasonal depression as an anniversary phenomenon]. こころの臨床ア・ラカルト, 18(1), 69-75 [Clinical Psychology: Various Aspects, 18(1), 69-75].

Language: Japanese

Format: Journal

Keywords: Anniversary Phenomenon Childhood Depression Traumatic Memories

Accuracy Verified: Yes

7. 海野千畝子ウンノチホコ [Unno Chihoko]. (2008年6月). 子ども虐待へのEMDRによる治療1―子どもへの治療― 海野千畝子 [Therapies for child abuse 1: For children]. こころのりんしょう第27巻02号 [Clinical Psychology: Various Aspects, 27(2), 285-287] .

Language: Japanese

Format: Journal

Keywords: Child Abuse Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

8. 杉山登志郎 [Sugiyama Toshiro]. (2008年6月). 子ども虐待へのEMDRによる治療2―親への治療―杉山登志郎 [Therapies for child abuse 2: For parents]. こころのりんしょう第27巻02号 [Clinical Psychology: Various Aspects, 27(2), 289-292] .

Language: Japanese

Format: Journal

Keywords: Child Abuse Parents

Accuracy Verified: Yes

9. 平岡篤武 [Hiraoka Atsutake]. (2006). 子供のための福祉施設で子供とEMDRセッションは、性的逸脱行動を示したこと [EMDR sessions with a child in the welfare facility for children having shown sexual deviant behaviour]. Kodomo no Gyakutai to Negurekuto, 8(1), 29-38.

Language: Japanese

Format: Journal

Abstract:
ここでは子供のための福祉施設のケアの逸脱性行動を示す子とEMDRセッションについて報告されている。 1）半構造化面接をするため、自己観察は、被害者への思いやりの実現に向けて子供の可能性に関しての状況を明らかにするために、さらに犠牲者を間違って、積極的な海峡および/または支配の最終的な存在行うことで配置された。また、常軌を逸した性的行動の背後にある可能性経験に基づいて、以前の子供が性的虐待の被害者自身をしていたかどうかを確認する必要があった。 2）それが唯一の光/非重大な逸脱、人は性的虐待された逸脱子供の可能性に反映して、その存在に基づいて、必要と考えられるでしょう一般的にも。 3）は、事件の記録として性的虐待からフラッシュバックを説明し、EMDRは、性的逸脱行動が消失することが効果を適用した。過去のトラウマ記憶EMDR使用することで子供は開発中の通常のイニシアチブ-豊かな生活に戻ったことで、'安全なメモリに変更されました。 4）被害者にされて消えてしまった被害者を有するとの間のリンクとして、保護と介入手段を検討して児童相談センターや福祉施設からの協調努力のために、将来の必要性がある。 [著者抄録]

Here is reported about EMDR sessions with a child showing deviant sexual behaviour, in the care of the Welfare Facility for Children. 1) Semi-structured interviews were arranged in order to clarify the situation with regards to the child's potential for self-observation, compassion for the victim, realization of having done the victim wrong, further the eventual existence of dominating and/or aggressive straits. Further, based upon the possible sexual experience behind the deviant sexual behavior, there was a need to find out whether the child earlier had himself been a victim for sexual abuse. 2) Generally even if it only would be considered a light/non-serious deviance, one should, based upon its presence, reflect upon the possibility of the deviant child having been sexually abused. 3) As the case records describe flashbacks from sexual abuse, the EMDR was applied with the effect that the sexual deviant behaviour disappeared. By using EMDR the past traumatic memory was changed into a 'safe' memory, with the child having returned to normal initiative-rich life under development. 4) As the link between being victim and having victimized has disappeared, there is a future need for a coordinated effort from the Child Guidance Center and the Welfare Facility to consider the protection and intervention methods. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Child Children Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

10. 太田茂行[Ota Shigeyuki]. (1999). 家庭内暴力(情緒的虐待)を受けていた女性のエンパワメント [Clinical empowerment of women who suffered from domestics violence (emotional abuse)] . こころの臨床ア・ラカルト、18（1）、 42-47 [Clinical Psychology: Various Aspects, 18(1), 42-47].

Language: Japanese

Format: Journal

Keywords: Domestic Violence Empowerment Emotional Abuse Women

Accuracy Verified: Yes

11. 田中ひな子 [Tanaka Hinako]. (1999). 虐待子供時代を生き残った女性のためのEMDR治療 [EMDR treatment for a woman who survived childhood abuse]. こころの臨床ア・ラカルト, 18(1), 77-82 [Clinical Psychology: Various Aspects, 18(1), 77-82].

Language: Japanese

Format: Journal

Keywords: Childhood Abuse Woman

Accuracy Verified: Yes

12. 松本慶太 , 杉山登志郎 [Matsumoto Keita & Sugiyama Toshiro]. (2010). 被虐待児の治療 (特集家族と暴力) [Treatment of abused children (Family Violence Special)]. 児童青年精神医学とその近接領域 51(3), 275-280 [Japanese Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 51(3), 275-280].

Language: Japanese

Format: Journal

Keywords: Abuse Children Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

13. Koshal, A. (2010, June). The 4-fields-technic in the traumatherapy of complex traumatized and drug-addicted people (in methadone-treatment). In Addictions. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Nowadays several international studies demonstrate that the problem of drug-addiction is very often found in combination with complex traumatization in early childhood and youth. (Felitti. 2903; Kufner et al. 2000; Langeland et al. 2006; Schmidt, 2000 etc.) As we all know PTSD and the other trauma symptoms cause a lot of psychophysical dysregulation. So the psychiatrist Khantrian postulated already 1985 the "self-medication hypothesis of addictive disorders". Janina Fisher, Trauma Center Boston, 2000, called this assumed combination of trauma-consequences and drug-addiction, "compensatory strategies aimed at self-regulation" In many years of working with drug-addicted people it became very obvious that a high percentage of this people are using drugs, for example to calm down after being aggressive, may be caused by an argue: or to reduce strong inner tensions; to sleep without nightmares, to alleviate the feeling of helplessness and fear etc. Drugs and alcohol do reduce all the mentioned symptoms for a while. To learn to cope in another, more adaptive way, the addicted people need to learn alternatives strategies for a good functioning self-regulation. After stabilization, the trauma therapy can start, so the patient can reduce some of the sources of psychophysiological dysregulation. Even when the addicted people still get methadone psychotherapy is possible. Practical experience over a long time. started 1990, did show a lot of successful treatments and that methadone does not interfere a traumatherapy. The 4-Fields-Technic is a special method of EMDR that was developed by Jarero et al. 1997 in Mexico after a hurricane disaster. Dorothee Lansch modified the group method into a therapy-setting for single persons. For complex traumatized and drug-addicted people this technic is very helpful. The focus is more easy to keep in mind, - in front of the eyes. In the 4-Fields-Technic the patient focuses on a self-painted picture, that represents the worst part of a trauma experience. The patient keeps his focus on this picture, combined with bilateral stimulation, till he feels the picture should be changed. And so the process is going on till finished. The participant will be able to learn: - about the correlation between complex trauma and drug-addiction - that drug-addicted people who get methadone are able to do trauma therapy -the 4-Fieids-Technic as a method to create resources. Psychotherapy and specially psychotraumatherapy with drug-addicted people who are as well in a methadone-treatment is for many therapists still controversial. This presentation will give you an idea how good it can work, based on various case series.

Keywords: 4-Fields-Technic Complex Trauma Drug Addiciton Methodone Treatment Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

14. Dellucci, H. (2010, July). A 6 gear mechanics for a safe journey through complex trauma therapy. Poster presented at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Working with EMDR with people who suffer from complex trauma leads often to difficulties not only about case conceptualization, but also desensitization and reprocessing, with a risk of destabilization or even decompensation. Often many targets, especially those in early childhood can be located in the timeline before verbal abilities and thus stay implicit. Should we then renounce to work with EMDR? Is it possible to use EMDR safely, by adapting to each client, and their somehow chaotic life events without getting lost? The six gear mechanics relies on the metaphor about a car journey through therapy with people who have complex trauma, and provides a structural hierarchy of treatment which allows adaptation, by knowing what is done and why. It tries to integrate what is yet known in EMDR therapy with complex trauma, and provides a dynamic and adaptive tool to navigate through therapy.

Keywords: 6 Gear Mechanics Complex Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

15. Beccari, A. (2008). Abuso sessuale sui minori: Il sostegno alle giovani vittime [On child sexual abuse: Support for young victims]. Universita Degli Studi di Parma, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract: Il filo conduttore di questo report sarà il trauma. La prima parte sarà incentrata sulla definizione di trauma, sulle risposte adattive e su quelle patologiche di fronte ad un evento negativo e sulle variabili individuali e soggettive che determinano nell’individuo un vissuto traumatico. Quest’ultimo aspetto, infatti, sappiamo essere fondamentale per capire la differenza che intercorre tra le diverse reazioni (emotiva, cognitiva e comportamentale) delle persone che si trovano ad essere esposte anche al medesimo evento disturbante. La seconda sezione sarà invece dedicata al trauma dei bambini e alle diverse modalità di condurre un assessment adeguato. La terza parte si concentrerà, nello specifico, sul trauma da abuso sessuale: ne prenderà in considerazione la definizione, le conseguenze a breve e medio-lungo termine nonchè le possibilità di sostegno alle giovani vittime di abuso sessuale intra ed extra familiare. Inoltre verrà trattata una tecnica piuttosto recente dimostratasi efficace nel trattamento del Disturbo Post-traumatico da Stress negli adulti come nei bambini: l’EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing).

The theme of this report is trauma. The first part will focus on the definition of trauma, and those on adaptive responses pathological in the face of a negative event and the individual variables and subjective determine in the individual a traumatic experience. This latter aspect, in fact, we know be crucial to understand the difference between the different reactions (emotional, cognitive and behavioral) of persons who are to be presented on the same event disturbing. The second section will be devoted to the trauma of children and the different modes of conduct a proper assessment. The third part will focus specifically on the trauma of sexual abuse: it will take consider the definitions, the short-and medium-long term as well as the possibility of support for young victims of sexual abuse within and outside the family. also will be treated fairly new technique proved effective in treating the disorder Post-traumatic Stress in adults as in children: EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing).

Keywords: Children Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

16. Earley, P. H. (2007). Addiction memory in addiction recovery. Earley Associates, P.C., Addiction Recovery and Wellness Medicine.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
No abstract available.

Keywords: Addiction Substance Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

17. Forgash, C.A. (2002, November). Addressing dissociation and its negative impact on the physical health of the adult sexual abuse survivor: An integrated EMDR and ego state treatment approach. Presentation at the International Society for the Study of Dissociation Fall Conference, Baltimore, MD.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Dissociation Ego State Therapy Sexual Abuse Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

18. Molero-Zafra, M., & Perez-Marin, M. (2011, Julio). Adopcion: Un protocolo basado en EMDR, terapia familiar narrativa y la teoria del apego [Adoption: A protocol based on EMDR, family therapy, narrative and attachment theory]. En Aplicación de EMDR en el tratamiento de distintos trastornos (Francisca García Guerrero, Coordinadora). Simposio realizado en el IX Congreso Nacional de Psicología Clínica, San Sebastián, España .

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
La adopción es un tema actual, cuyo interés crece progresivamente. Su vigencia social resulta incuestionable si atendemos al incremento exponencial de niños adoptados por familias españolas, especialmente en adopciones internacionales. La Ley de Adopción vigente en España contempla la adopción como un recurso de protección para aquellos niños/as que no puedan permanecer en su propia familia. Para que se cumpla este objetivo deben arbitrarse todos los mecanismos necesarios que garanticen al niño una familia capaz de asegurar las atenciones propias de la función parental (atención, desarrollo y educación). Los niños adoptados pueden sufrir trastornos como cualquier otro niño, ahora bien, sus experiencias de vida anteriores pueden afectar en mayor grado su desarrollo emocional, social y familiar. Las experiencias vinculares durante la infancia, influyen significativamente en la capacidad para formar relaciones íntimas y emocionalmente saludables. Asimismo, para la formación y cambio de actitudes a lo largo de nuestra vida, van a ser fundamentales nuestros grupo de referencia, siendo la familia uno de los más importantes (López et al., 1999). La empatía, el afecto, el deseo de compartir, el inhibirse de agredir, la capacidad de amar y ser amado y un sinnúmero de características de una persona asertiva, operativa y feliz, están asociadas a las capacidades medulares de apego formadas en la infancia y niñez temprana (Punset, 2008). El objetivo de esta comunicación es presentar un protocolo de abordaje psicológico ante las dificultades que afectan a las familias con problemas de adaptación en casos de adopción. Partiendo de la perspectiva conceptual de la teoría del apego, intentamos promover en estas familias una base de apego seguro, mediante el uso de herramientas terapéuticas de la terapia familiar narrativa y el EMDR. Se presenta el protocolo elaborado para tal fin y un caso para la comprensión de la aplicación del tratamiento.

Adoption is a current issue, whose interest grows gradually. Its validity social is unquestionable if we consider the exponential increase of adopted children Spanish families, especially in international adoptions. The Adoption Act force in Spain provides for the adoption as a source of protection for those children / as not to remain in their own family. To fulfill this objective must be put all the necessary mechanisms to guarantee the child a family able to secure the attentions of parenting (care, development and education). Adopted children may suffer from disorders like any other child, however, previous life experiences can affect their development to a greater extent emotional, social and family life. Relational experiences during childhood influence significantly in the ability to form intimate and emotionally healthy. Also, for the formation and change of attitudes throughout our lives, will be essential to our reference group, the family being one of the most important (Lopez et al., 1999). Empathy, affection, desire to share, the inhibited of attack, the ability to love and be loved and a host of features of a assertive person, operational and happy, are associated with the core competencies of attachment formed in infancy and early childhood (Punset, 2008). The aim of this paper is to present a protocol of psychological approach to the difficulties affecting families with adjustment problems in cases of adoption. From the conceptual perspective of attachment theory, we try in these families to promote a secure attachment base through the use of tools therapeutic narrative family therapy and EMDR. We present a protocol developed for this purpose and a case for understanding the application of the treatment.

Keywords: Adoption Attachment theory Family Therapy Narrative Theory Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

19. Broad, R. D. & Wheeler, K. (2006, May). An adult with childhood medical trauma treated with psychoanalytic psychotherapy and EMDR: A case study. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 42(2), 95-105. doi:10.1111/j.1744-6163.2006.00058.x.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Problem: Adverse childhood experiences have been found to be a strong predictor of emotional and physical problems in adulthood. However, the long-term sequelae for children who have suffered critical illness and exposure to invasive medical procedures are less well documented. Methods: This is a case study of an adult client who sought treatment for depression and attention deficit disorder. The psychotherapy treatment is discussed and the use of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is described targeting a memory of a medical trauma resulting from a tonsillectomy when the client was 8 years old. Conclusions: Significant healing outcomes were attained as a result of the therapy, i.e., decreased depression, less hypervigilance, and increased ability to concentrate, which resulted in the discontinuation of medication for depression and ADHD as well as significant improvement in overall functioning.

Keywords: Childhood Medical Trauma Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy Adverse Childhood Experiences Depression Attention Deficit Disorder Early Experience Major Depression PTSD Psychoanalysis Childhood Development Clinical Case Study Empirical Study

Accuracy Verified: Yes

20. Adler-Tapia, R., & Settle, C. (2008, September). Advanced applications of EMDR in child psychotherapy. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Phoenix, AZ.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This presentation is for therapists who have learned the basic EMDR protocol and are interested in expanding their skills in using EMDR in individual treatment with children. The presentation is focused on teaching therapists to use EMDR with specific childhood diagnoses or presenting problems, including children who are gifted and children who present with symptoms consistent with ADHD, dissociation, anxiety, attachment disorders, and sexual reactivity. Therapists will also learn how to use EMDR with regulatory issues in children including sleep issues and toilet training, as well as with behavioral issues, such as school phobias within AIP Theory.

Keywords: Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

21. Vogelmann-Sine, S., Popky, A. J., Lazrove, S., Sine, L., Speare, J., Wade, D., & Wade, T. (1995, June). Advanced clinical applications of EMDR to addictive behaviors. Symposium conducted at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop addresses the application of standard and modified EMDR treatment protocols to addictive and compulsive behaviors including substance abuse/dependence, overeating, smoking, love addiction. Individuals with addictive and compulsive behaviors frequently have suffered from childhood trauma and neglect resulting in developmental arrests, as well as a variety of maladaptive behaviors which are trauma-related and serve to minimize pain. The successful implementation of EMDR to addictive behaviors requires that EMDR be used as part of an overall treatment program carefully addressing the needs of individuals who have been traumatized and are exhibiting addictive behaviors. A thorough diagnostic work up is needed aimed at assessing comorbidity, dissociation, and a detailed trauma history covering childhood traumas and traumas suffered as adults including traumas that occur as a consequence of addictive behaviors. Careful client preparation is essential to assist individuals in coping adequately with the high levels of emotion experienced during EMDR Clients' readiness to stop compulsive/addictive behaviors needs to be carefully evaluated. A decision tree aimed at determining the appropriateness of EMDR to individuals diagnosed with addictive behaviors is presented which assists clinicians in minimizing the premature use of EMDR. EMDR is a client centered method, and thus, careful pacing is needed with this population to reprocess underlying traumatic issues. This frequently implies utilizing a modified EMDR treatment protocol with only partial resolutions of underlying traumatic material. Guidelines will be discussed to assist clinicians in selecting EMDR targets for optional results which relate to the stages of recovery. EMDR can be used at all stages of recovery to neutralize the negative impact of memories contributing to problematic behaviors, such as urges to use, ambivalence about treatment, fear of facing painfull feelings from the past. EMDR also has the power to install templates for future actions which assist individuals with skill deficits in more rapidly acquiring necessary skills for a successful recovery. Examples of cognitive interweaves are presented which take into consideration clients' readiness, as well as the need to accelerate the recovery process. EMDR has a unique role in the recovery of traumatized individuals with addictive and compulsive behaviors since the accelerated processing of negative experiences and the installation of positive adaptive cognitions assist clients in more rapidly overcoming barriers throughout the recovery process. It also challenges rigid approaches to recovery which frequently stress that trauma work should not be attempted before abstinence has been accomplished for a specified period of time. EMDR is especially valuable in processing core issues which center around shame and manifest in cognitions, such as "I am defective," "There is something wrong with me," "I am not good enough," "I am not quite right," "I don't belong," "I don't deserve to live." Case examples will be given as to how such core issues can be targeted to accelerate the recovery process. A.J. Popky has developed a specialized EMDR treatment protocol which targets levels of urges of addictive/compulsive behaviors directly and installs a positive internal state of feeling empowered without relying on compulsive and addictive behaviors. Case examples fiom clinical practice indicate that when levels of urges are targeted directly, underlying traumas frequently emerge without increasing clients' usage. The symposium addresses the application of this protocol to a range of addictive and compulsive behaviors. The Wades' integrative psychotherapy combines ego-state therapy and EMDR in a psychosocial developmental context. Their substance use disorders treatment program incorporates specialized applications of their integrative psychotherapy, which includes both individual and group therapy and employs hypnosis as well as EMDR Their presentation focuses on applications of the standard EMDR protocol in individual therapy, which is limited primarily to desensitization of dysphoric affect and reprocessing negative cognitions associated with grief and trauma. Their conceptual framework of substance use disorders proceeds from a goal of reducing the harm caused by substance use and a primary distinction between functional and autonomous use (rather than the DSM conceptualizations of "dependence" or "abuse") because this guides interventions. Initial treatment planning depends upon external constraints (e.g., lack of support for positive change, hostile environment), internal limitations (e.g., severity of substance use and its effects, neurocognitive deficits, inadequate "ego strength," lack of skills, disrupted psychosocial development, psychological trauma) and the nature of the substance use disorder (i.e., functional, autonomous, or both). Methods include education about substance use disorders and processes of change, group therapy to develop skills and obtain feedback and support, individual therapy to correct disrupted development and resolve traumatic stress reactions, and exercises to apply what is learned in real-life situations. The standard EMDR protocol is applied to disrupted development involving grief and to resolve psychological trauma that lead to substance use. Case vignettes in which such applications of the standard EMDR protocol were employed are presented in detail.

Keywords: Addictions Substance Abuse Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

22. Omaha, J. (2006). Affect centered therapy for substance abuse of traumatic origin. In B. Carruth (Ed.), Psychological trauma and addiction treatment ( pp. 89-113). Binghamton, NY: Haworth Press.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
No abstract available.

Keywords: Affect Centered Therapy Substance Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

23. Turner, E. (2005, September). Affect regulation for children through art, play and storytelling. Presentation at the annual mmeting of the EMDR International Association, Seattle, WA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Traumatized and neglected children are likely to have deficits that results in low affect tolerance, leading to a tendency to become overwhelmed and dissociate during trauma processing. This workshop will describe the impact of the abuse and neglect on emotional regulation and the need for fun and developmentally appropriate experiences that build internal resources prior to trauma processing. Through live demonstration and small group activities, participants will learn to integrate EMDR principles with art interventions that help children identify emotion and tolerate affect. They will be able to apply EMDR principles to common games to increase affect tolerance and install resources and will be able to identify the EMDR principles inherent in effective storytelling appropriate for the preparation phase.

Keywords: Affect Regulation Art Therapy Children Play Therapy Storytelling

Accuracy Verified: Yes

24. Swedish Council on Technology Assessment (2001, April). Alert: EMDR - Psychotherapy in posttraumatic stress syndrome in young people - early assessment briefs. Swedish Council on Technology Assessment in Health Care (SBU).

Language: English

Format: Publication

Abstract:
Findings by SBU Alert, Version: 1,
METHOD AND TARGET GROUP: EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is a new psychotherapeutic method aimed at processing memories of traumatic events, thereby ameliorating the psychological consequences of these memories. EMDR involves elements from several different psychological approaches. It is uncertain which of the treatment elements are effective. Clients with post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are the main target group for EMDR treatment. Although both children and adults have been treated with EMDR, this document is aimed particularly at children and adolescents.
PATIENTS BENEFITS, RISKS AND SIDE EFFECTS: Published studies of EMDR mainly cover adults with PTSD. There are two randomized and controlled studies, one of which has yet to be published, of EMDR treatment in 47 children and adolescents. One of the studies suggests that EMDR yields a better treatment outcome in the short term compared to the control treatment (active listening). In the second study, no significant difference was found between EMDR treatment in combination with standard treatment and standard treatment alone as regards reduction in avoidance and invading thoughts. However, the PTSD symptom of behavioral disorders declined significantly in the EMDR group. Furthermore, numerous case studies suggest that EMDR has a positive treatment effect in children and adolescents with PTSD. No harmful effects have been reported.
ECONOMIC ASPECTS: There are no economic assessments of EMDR. Limited data suggest that fewer treatments are needed to achieve the desired outcome with EMDR compared to other psychotherapeutic methods. This suggests that EMDR is a potentially cost-effective method in relation to the alternatives, under the assumption that the effects of treatment are permanent.
CURRENT SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE: There is moderate* scientific evidence to show the benefits of EMDR treatment in children and adolescents. There is no* documentation concerning the cost-effectiveness or effects beyond 6 months. Since the scientific documentation is limited, the effects of EMDR treatment in both the short and long term should be compared in studies with other treatment alternatives, including standard treatment. Furthermore, the cost-effectiveness of the method should be studied under Swedish conditions. *This assessment by SBU Alert uses a 4-point scale to grade the quality and evidence of the scientific documentation. The grades indicate: (1) good, (2) moderate, (3) poor, or (4) no scientific evidence on the subject. This summary is based on a report prepared at SBU in collaboration with Kerstin Bergh Johannesson, Lic. Psychol., Akademiska Hospital, Uppsala and has been reviewed by Prof. Mats Fredriksson, Uppsala University, Uppsala.
REFERENCES: 1.) Cahill SP, Carrigan MH, Frueh BC. Does EMDR work? And if so, why? A critical review of controlled outcome and dismantling research. J Anxiety Disord 1999;13(1-2):5-33. 2.) Chemtob CM, Nakashima J, Hamada R, Carlson J. Brief treatment for elementary school children with disaster-related PTSD: a field study. J Clin Psychol, in press. 3.) Chemtob et al. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. In: Foa EB, Keane TM, Friedman MJ, eds. Effective treatments for PTSD. New York: Guilford, 2000. 4.) Devilly GJ, Spence SH. The relative efficacy and treatment distress of EMDR and a cognitive-behavior trauma treatment protocol in the amelioration of posttraumatic stress disorders. J Anxiety Disord 1999;13(1-2):131-57. 5.) Lovett J. Small Wonders: Healing childhood trauma with EMDR. New York: Free Press, 1999. 6.) Macklin ML, Metzger LJ, Lasko NB, Berry NJ, Orr SP, Pitman RK. Five-year follow-up study of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy for combat-related post traumatic stress disorder. Comprehensive Psychiatry 2000;41(1),24-27. 7.) Puffer MK, Greenwald R, Elrod DE. A treatment outcome study of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) with traumatized children and adolescents. Presented at the annual conference of the EMDR International Association, Denver, June 1996. 8.) Renfrey G, Spates CR. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: A partial dismantling procedure. J Behav Ther Experiment Psychiatr 1994;25:231-239. 9.) Scheck MM, Schaeffer JA, Gilette CS. Brief psychological intervention with traumatized young women: The efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. J Trauma Stress 1998;11:25-44. 10.) Shapiro F. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Basic principles, protocols and procedures. New York: Guilford Press, 1995. 11.) Stallard P, Velleman R, Baldwin S. Prospective study of post-traumatic stress disorder in children involved in road traffic accidents. BMJ 1998;317:1619-1623. 12.) Soberman GB, Greenwald R, Rule DL. A controlled study of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) for boys with conduct problems. J Aggression Maltreatment Trauma, in press. 13.) Tinker RH, Wilson SA. Through the Eyes of a Child: EMDR with children. New York: Norton & Co, 1999. 14.) van der Kolk B. Biological response to psychic trauma. In: Wilson JP, Raphael B, eds. International Handbook of Traumatic Stress Syndromes. New York: Plenum Press, 1993:25-33. 15.) van der Kolk B, Burbridge J, Susuki J. The psychobiology of traumatic memory; clinical implications of neuroimagery studies. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1997;821:99-113. 16.) van Etten M, Taylor S. Comparative efficacy of treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder: a meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Psychother 1998;5:126-144. 17.) Wilson SA, Becker LA, Tinker RH. Fifteen-month follow-up of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder and psychological trauma. J Consult Clin Psychol 1997;65(6):1047-1056. 18.) Wilson SA, Tinker RH, Hoff.
Alert is a joint effort by the Swedish Council on Technology Assessment in Health Care (SBU), the Medical Products Agency, the National Board of Health and Welfare, and the Federation of Swedish County Councils. The complete report is available in Swedish only.

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Practice Guidelines PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

25. de Roos, C., & Went, M. (2011, April). Als woorden tekort schieten: EMDR bij preverbaal trauma [When words fail: EMDR for pre-verbal trauma]. Presentatie op de 5e jaarlijkse conferentie van EMDR Vereniging, Nijmegen, Nederland.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Infants (0-4 jarigen) kunnen allerlei traumatische gebeurtenissen meemaken zoals intrusieve medische handelingen, een ongeluk, seksueel misbruik en andere vormen van mishandeling. Daarnaast zijn er negatieve ervaringen die niet duidelijk identificeerbaar zijn zoals chronische oorpijn- of buikpijn. Ook deze ervaringen beinvloeden de ouder-kind interactie/ hechtingsrelatie en hebben daarmee hun weerslag op het vermogen tot emotieregulatie en het gedrag. Herinneringen aan deze gebeurtenissen zijn preverbaal en dus niet op bewust nivo toegankelijk. Daardoor worden zij gemakkelijk over het hoofd gezien als mede-oorzaak of instandhoudende factor van emotionele of gedragsproblematiek in de basisschoolleeftijd. Na aanmelding bij de Geestelijke Gezondheidszorg wordt behandeling daarom vaak gericht op de aanpak van de huidige gedragsproblematiek (symptoombestrijding). Onze ervaring is dat EMDR hier een goede aanvulling biedt. Deze methode richt zich immers op de ‘onderlaag’ van de problematiek door negatieve ervaringen die hieraan gerelateerd zijn te verwerken. Daarna kan een inhaalslag gemaakt worden met betrekking tot de emotieregulatie waardoor zowel gedrag als de ouder-kind interactie verbeteren. Aan de hand van casuïstiek van infants en schoolkinderen wordt de indicatiestelling en toepassing getoond van het EMDR protocol bij de behandeling van kinderen die in de eerste 4 levensjaren getraumatiseerd zijn. In de presentatie wordt geillustreerd hoe de ‘verhalenmethode’ geintegreerd kan worden in een breder behandelaanbod. Werkvorm In de presentatie worden theorie en praktijk gecombineerd. Videobeelden ondersteunen het verhaal.

Infants (0-4 years), all kinds of traumatic experience as intrusive medical procedures, accidents, sexual abuse and other forms ofof abuse . There are also negative experiences that are not clearly identifiable as chronic ear pain or abdominal pain. These experiences affect the parent-infant interaction / attachment relationship and thus have their impact on the capacity for emotion regulation and behavior. Memories of these events are preverbal and not accessible on a conscious level. Thus they are easily overlooked as a cause or co-maintaining factor of emotional or behavioral problems in primary school. After reporting to the Mental Health Treatment is therefore often aimed at addressing the current behavioral problems (symptoms). Our experience here is that EMDR provides a good addition. This method is focused on the 'layer' of the problem by negative experiences related to this process. Then caught up with regard to both behavior and emotion regulation allowing the parent-child interactions improve. Through case studies of infants and schoolchildren being shown the indication and application of the EMDR protocol in the treatment of children who are traumatized life on April 1. The presentation illustrated how the 'stories'method can be incorporated into a broader range of treatment. Form In the presentation combines theory and practice. Video images support the story.

Keywords: Infants Children Pre-Verbal Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

26. Lovett, J. M. (1998). Am I real?: Mobilizing inner strength to develop a mature identity. In P. Manfield (Ed.), Extending EMDR: A casebook of innovative applications, (1st ed.) (pp. 191-216). New York: Norton.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Chris was a 44-year old woman who had extremely low self-esteem, depression, panic attacks, and symptoms of dissociation when she began EMDR-facilitated therapy. Eye movement was used initially to reinforce healthy beliefs, physical sensations, and feelings related to experiences of safety, competence, well-being, and success based on prior learning. EMDR was then employed to target painful memories of childhood scenes with her parents, as well as erroneous beliefs and feelings of intense anxiety. Although none of the memories targeted occurred before age 5, the "white empty feeling" that was targeted seemed to represent the earlier deprivation. The desired positive cognition "I am significant" became the "umbrella cognition" containing various "sub-cognitions" (such as "I am loveable," "I deserve respect," and "I can take care of my needs").As Chris reprocessed traumatic childhood memories with EMDR, more and more of these sub-cognitions were integrated. Progress was not linear, but reprocessing the client's issues as she presented them gradually led to a more stable, flexible, and resilient sense of self. Eventually, the negative self-assessments dissipated. After 18 sessions Chris felt strong and confident, fully present, and eager to be involved in intimate relationships that were based on mutual respect. [Text, pp. 215-216] [Pilots]

Keywords: Adults Americans Anxiety Disorders Case Report Child Abuse Cognitive Therapy Depressive Disorders Females Life Experiences Neglect Psychotherapeutic Processes Self Esteem Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

27. Wartik, N. (1994, Aug 7). The amazingly simple, inexplicable therapy. Los Angeles Magazine, 9.

Language: English

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
I've just seen a demonstration taped during the course of a recent study, of what's probably the most controversial psychotherapy in use today. In 1989, the first articles about an improbable-sounding tech nique for treating post-traumatic stress disorder (F'ISD) appeared in the psychological literature. PTSD. an anxiety disorder with a multitude of mental and physical symptoms, strikes after an ordeal such as rape. combat. chid abuse or natural disaster and can permanently scar a psyche. But with little more than a wave of the hand, it seemed, Eye Movement Desensitizatior. and Reprocessing (EMDR) could undo trauma's tormenting effects in a remarkably short time, sometimes in a single session. The procedure, originated by psychologist Francine

Keywords: General Mary Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

28. Garcia, F. (2011, Julio). Aplicacion de EDMR en el tratamiento de distintos trastornos [Application of EMDR in the treatment of various disorders]. Presentación en la IX Congreso Nacional de Psicología Clínica, San Sebastian, España.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR es actualmente un acercamiento psicoterapéutico reconocido como tratamiento efectivo del trauma (American Psychiatric Association, 2004; Bisson y Andrew, de 2007; Bleich et al, 2002;. CREST, 2003; Foa et al, 2009; Niza, 2005). El trauma produce un cambio en nuestro sentido del yo, en nuestro sentido del significado del mundo, de su seguridad, de su racionalidad, existe un “antes y después” a nivel vivencial. La psicóloga Francine Shapiro observó que bajo ciertas condiciones el movimiento ocular puede reducir la intensidad de los pensamientos perturbadores, a partir de esta observación estudió científicamente este efecto y en 1989, informó del éxito al utilizar EMDR en el tratamiento de víctimas de trauma en el Journal of Traumatic Stress. Desde entonces, EMDR se ha desarrollado y ha evolucionado a través de las contribuciones de terapeutas e investigadores de todo el mundo. Estudios controlados en víctimas de Vietnam, abusos, accidentes, víctimas de catástrofes..., indican que EMDR es un método eficaz en el tratamiento del TEPT (trastorno por estrés postraumático), siendo también efectivo en el tratamiento de otras problemáticas como dolor crónico, trastornos psicosomáticos, problemas de apego, malos tratos y adopción.(Shapiro and Forrest, 1997; Shapiro, 2002; Shapiro, 2007; Van Der Kolk et al, 1997). El EMDR está basado en un modelo de "procesamiento adaptativo de la información" (Shapiro, 1991), que postula que la experiencia (los sentimientos, pensamientos y sensaciones) se transforma normalmente en aprendizaje adaptativo (Shapiro, 2001). Presentamos aquí este abordaje terapéutico, con una primera intervención que muestra las bases del EMDR y su aplicación en el dolor crónico y tres comunicaciones más en las que, a partir de la presentación de un caso, se mostrará la aplicación de los protocolos de tratamiento para los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria, problemas adaptativos en niños adoptados y la violencia doméstica en menores.

EMDR is now recognized as a psychotherapeutic approach effective treatment of trauma (American Psychiatric Association, 2004, Bisson and Andrew, 2007, Bleich et al, 2002,. CREST, 2003, Foa et al, 2009, Nice, 2005). The trauma causes a change in our sense of self, our sense of meaning of the world, their security, their rationality, there is a "before and after" to experiential level. The psychologist Francine Shapiro observed that under certain conditions eye movement can reduce the intensity of disturbing thoughts, from this observation scientifically studied this effect and in 1989, reported the successful using EMDR to treat trauma victims in the Journal of Traumatic Stress. Since then, EMDR has developed and evolved through contributions of therapists and researchers from around the world. Controlled studies in Victims of Vietnam, abuse, accident, disaster victims ... indicate that EMDR is a effective method in treating PTSD (PTSD), with also effective in treating other problems such as chronic pain disorders psychosomatic problems of addiction, abuse and adoption. (Shapiro and Forrest, 1997; Shapiro, 2002; Shapiro, 2007; Van Der Kolk et al, 1997). EMDR is based on a model of "adaptive processing of information "(Shapiro, 1991), which postulates that the experience (feelings, thoughts and feelings) becomes normally adaptive learning (Shapiro, 2001). We present here this therapeutic approach, with the first intervention shows the basics of EMDR and its application in chronic pain and three more communications where, from the case report will show the application of protocols of treatment for eating disorders, problems adaptive adopted children and domestic violence on children.

Keywords: Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

29. Vos, S. M. (2005, December). An application of the transtheoretical model to a case of sexual trauma in middle childhood. University of Stellenbosch. doi:10019.1/2938 .

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
This study demonstrates the use of the transtheoretical model in the context of sexual trauma in middle childhood. Exploring contemporary literature I found that there is no literature in South Africa available on this topic. It was not until 1997 that the transtheoretical model was implemented internationally with regard to sexual abuse. Taking this in consideration, I realised that there was much scope for exploring, discovering and reflecting on the transtheoretical model and its use within the boundaries of childhood sexual trauma. A qualitative case study within the social constructivist/interpretive paradigm, was chosen as research design. The study involved a participant in middle childhood. Elna (pseudonym) was selected from referrals from the Child Protection Unit of the South African Police Services to the Unit for Educational Psychology at Stellenbosch. The reason for referring Elna to the Unit was because of the negative and diverse effects sexual trauma had on her life story. The study explores the transtheoretical model and the appropriateness thereof as alternative treatment model in a case of sexual trauma, as well as insight into progression of the client in the therapeutic process. Data was collected by means of interviews and therapy sessions during which Narrative therapy, EMDR, sandtray therapy (used in a narrative context) and art therapy techniques were used in an integrated manner. The data was analysed by means of interpreting codes, categories and themes. The study concluded with a discussion of the findings and a reflection on the impact the use of the transtheoretical model had on me as a research-therapist-in-training. The literature review and the findings of this research suggest that the transtheoretical model can be applied effectively to a case of sexual trauma in middle childhood. The use of the model also gives insight into progression of the client in the therapeutic process. Thesis (MEdPsych (Educational Psychology)--University of Stellenbosch, 2005.

Keywords: Narrative Therapy South Africa Transtheoretical Model

Accuracy Verified: Yes

30. Fullam, P. (2003, Autumn). Applications of client self administered bilateral stimulation in the treatment of trauma. The EMDR Practitioner. Retrieved from http://www.emdr-practitioner.net/ on 12/27/2008..

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
This article looks at some of the situations where client self-administered bi-lateral stimulation has facilitated EMDR by increasing the client’s sense of control during therapy. Three conditions where this may be appropriate are discussed and partial presentations of two cases, Allen and Anna, in which the general approach has been used, are given. The second case, relating to client belief in childhood sexual abuse has, in addition to the above, some relevance to the debate relating to false memory syndrome.[Author abstract]

Keywords: Bilateral Stimulation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

31. Cocco, N. (1995, June). Applications of EMDR to children: EMDR in the treatment of darkness phobia in children. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR in the treatment of darkness phobia in children: 1. Overview of Darkness Phobia: A. Assessment of Childhood Phobias; B. Definition; C. Prevalence; D. Consequences.
2. Treatment Literature on Darkness Phobia: A. Invivo Exposure; B. Imaginal Desensitization; C. Modeling Symbolic and Participant; D. Coping Self Talk; E. Emotive Imagery.
3. [Preliminary Data on Controlled Comparison Between Emotive Imagery and EMDR: A. Aims of Study; B. Method: Subject, Design, Procedure: Assessment, Treatment Protocols; C. Results; D. Discussion.
4. EMDR Protocol: A. Assessment of Darkness Phobia; B. Hero Interview; C. EMDR Target Selection; D. Fantasy Based Cognitive Interweave: Linking Cues/Cognition/Affect Superheros to Change Cognition and Affect.]

Keywords: Children Darkness Phobia

Accuracy Verified: Yes

32. Tardy, J., & El Farricha, M. (2007, Juin). Approache Ericksonienne du traumatisme psychique et thérapie EMDR [Ericksonian approach of trauma]. Présentation à la réunion annuelle de l'Association EMDR Europe, Paris, France.

Language: French

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Les techniques d’hypnose éricksonienne sont des outils très utiles au cours d’une psychothérapie, spécialement avec les personnes ayant connu des traumatismes répétés dans l’enfance. En effect, par le biais d’une dissociation thérapeutique, patient et thérapeute on accès à la mémoire traumatique neurobiologique et psychologique et le patient pourra (ré)experimenter la confiance dans ses propres forces naturelles.
Cependant, manié avec peu de précaution l’hypnose risqué d’aggraver la dissociation pathologique. L’association des techniques éricksoniennes et du protocole de la thérapie EMDR augmente les capacitiés de l’espirt et du corps et offre au paitent un meilleur contrôle émotionnel et un amélioration del la (ré)orientation à la réalité.
Le travail des auteurs est a situé dans le cadre de la psychothérapie brève des victimes et s’appuie sur une approche éricksonienne du traumatisme psychique et la thérapie EMDR en tant que novelle méthode thérapeutique efficace pour l’ESPT.
Mohammed El Farricha et Josette Tardy psychologues cliniciens, présenteront un apercu d’un programme de traitement psychothérapique expérimenté avec des patients en ambulatoire ces dix dernières années.
Dans cet atelier l’accent sera plus particulièrement mis sur l’apport des techniques d’hypnose éricksonienne qui semblent cliniquement efficaces et peuvent venir renforcer le protocole EMDR au cours des phases: evaluation et terminaison.
Il s’agira par exemple de démontrer comment, lors de l’évaluation, guider la personne vers la concentration interne nécessaire à une desensitisation complete? Ou encore comment mieux projeter le patient dans un future <> des limitations du traumatisme?

Ericksonian hypnosis techniques are useful tools in the course of psychotherapy, especially with people who have experienced repeated trauma in childhood. In effect, through a separation treatment, patient and therapist is memory access neurobiological and psychological trauma for the patient to (re) experiment confidence in its own natural forces. However, handled with some caution hypnosis risked aggravating the pathological dissociation. The combination of Ericksonian techniques and EMDR protocol extends the capabilities of espirt and body and offers better paitent emotional control and improvement del (re) orientation to reality. The authors' work is situated in brief psychotherapy of victims and an approach based on Ericksonian of psychic trauma and EMDR as an effective therapeutic method novella for PTSD. Mohammed El Farricha and Josette Tardy clinical psychologists, will present an overview of a program of psychotherapy experimented with outpatients in the last ten years. In this workshop the emphasis will be placed on the contribution of Ericksonian hypnosis techniques that seem clinically effective and can reinforce the EMDR protocol in phases: evaluation and termination. Some examples demonstrate how, during the evaluation, guide the person towards the internal concentration required for a complete desensitisation? Or how to better plan the patient in a future <> limitations of trauma?

Keywords: Erickson Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

33. Sautai, G. (2007, Juin). Approche des patient poly-traumatisés par immersion EMDR [Approach of poly traumatised patients with EMDR immersion]. Présentation à la réunion annuelle de l'Association EMDR Europe, Paris, France.

Language: French

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Certains patients présentent "traumatisme poly» ou «empoisonnement psychique» tel que décrit par Jacques Roques dans «Guérir Avec l" EMDR. "Souvent, il s'agit d'un environnement socio culturel a commencé pendant l'enfance. Sur la base de l'hypothèse formulée par Francine Shapiro que le traumatisme peut engendrer des «bloqué les réseaux neuronaux," nous supposons une mise en forme "pourrait se produire au cours de la petite période d'apprentissage.
Exposés à un traumatisme insidieux et répétitifs, un jeune cerveau Virgin Stores réseaux neuronaux liés à la vulnérabilité des enfants en tant que mécanisme de défense. Cela pourrait être obstrué par des perturbations répétitives créer une souffrance psychologique. En tant qu'adulte, ce réseau neuronal inhibiteur, stimulée par déclenchement d'exprimer des comportements excessifs et une forte émotion que nous avons appelé le «non adapté en forme» (NAF).
Nous savons combien il est difficile de prendre ce type d'intoxication »en charge des séances de thérapie EMDR traditionnels en raison de l'interférence des composants multimodal. Habituellement, ils participent émotions mixtes liés à la sécurité, l'estime de soi et le libre choix. Par conséquent, nous avons développé une modalité particulière: EMDR immersion qui est un cours intensif de 10 jours consécutifs de traitement par le patient. «L'objectif clinique est de traiter les dimensions de la croissance personnelle et le développement ainsi que l'élimination de plus de la souffrance» (Francine Shapiro).
Notre expérience comprend 24 patients avec un niveau élevé de troubles psychologiques liés à la NAF. Seuls les patients avec expérience dissociative échelle score inférieur à 25 ont été considérés.
Nous utilisons l'approche thérapie EMDR suivant les 8 étapes du protocole standard.
Nous recevons toute l'histoire chronologique du patient, «de la naissance à aujourd'hui», permet nous permet d'identifier une moyenne de sept objectifs principaux.
Pour être capable de transmuer la NAF à une résolution d'adaptation, nous introduisons un des noms de ressources notamment l '«archaïsme», définie comme «la partie de l'être humain en charge de Live principe de préservation."
Nous l'accès au réseau d'information dysfunctionally stockée par le biais des objectifs.
Nous stimulons le système de traitement de l'information et de la maintenir en forme dynamique avec tactiles et autres additifs stimulations bilatérales. Nous passons l'information par le suivi du processus de libre-association et de lancement des procédures pour s'assurer que la cible transmue à une résolution adaptative.
Comme mesure psychométrique et méthode d'évaluation, nous utilisons l'échelle PCL-S sur les traumatismes exprimé par le patient au début de MED immersion. Le score moyen est de 70 degrés avant l'immersion elle à 28 deux mois plus tard et à 26 six mois plus tard.
En ce qui concerne les résultats encourageants, nous décidons de partager l'expérience afin de mettre à jour.

Some patients present with “poly traumatism” or “psychic poisoning” as described by Jacques Roques in “guérir avec l”EMDR.” Often it is a socio cultural environment started during childhood. Based on the hypothesis formulated by Francine Shapiro that trauma could engender “blocked neuronal networks,” we assume a “formatting” could occur during the childhood learning period.
Exposed to insidious and repetitive trauma, a virgin young brain stores neuronal networks related to the child vulnerability as defense mechanism. That could get blocked by repetitive disturbances creating psychological pain. As an adult, this blocker neuronal network, stimulated by trigger express excessive behaviors and strong emotion we called the “Non Adapted Formatting” (NAF).
We know how difficult it is to take this “poisoning” in charge with traditional EMDR sessions because of the multimodal components interfering. Usually, they involved mixed emotions related to security, self esteem and free choice. Therefore, we developed a particular modality: EMDR Immersion that is an intensive, 10 consecutive days of therapy with the patient. “The clinical goal is to address the dimensions of personal growth and development along with the elimination of over suffering” (Francine Shapiro).
Our experience includes 24 patients with a high level of psychological disturbance related to the NAF. Only patients with Dissociative Experience Scale score less than 25 were considered.
We use EMDR therapy approach following the 8 phases of the standard protocol.
We receive the complete chronological story of the patient, “from birth to now,” allows allows us to identify an average of seven main targets.
To be able to transmute the NAF to an adaptive resolution, we introduce a particular resource names “Archaism” defined as “Part of the human being in charge of Live Principle Preservation.”
We access the dysfunctionally stored information network through the targets.
We stimulate the information-processing system and maintain it in dynamic form with tactile and additive alternative bilateral stimulations. We move the information by monitoring the free-association process and initiating procedures to make sure that the target transmutes to an adaptive resolution.
As psychometric measurement and method evaluation, we use PCL-S Scale on the traumatisms expressed by the patient at the beginning of MED Immersion. The average score is at 70 before Immersion it degrees to 28 two months later and to 26 six months later.
Regarding the encouraging results, we decide to share the experiment in order to upgrade it.

Keywords: EMDR Immersion

Accuracy Verified: Yes

34. Weiner, M., & Mullaney, D. (2006). Are 'the basics' more important than innovation?. Addiction Professional, 4(2), 1-58.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Behavioral Health of the Palm Beaches (BHOPB) is a residential alcoholism and drug abuse treatment facility in Lake Worth, Florida. The desire to provide the best possible treatment for our patients has led us to seek innovative treatment interventions. Examples include Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) for patients with symptoms of trauma and acupuncture for patients with chronic pain. Tailored interventions are also available for addicts with co-occurring chronic anxiety, unresolved anger, or grief issues. The desire to discover how well our patients have done led us to track a random sample of 90 patients for one year. Data were collected between August 2002 and December 2004. We were eager to determine an overall success rate, as well as the impact of our innovative interventions. Patients were contacted by telephone three months, six months, nine months, and one year from their date of discharge. We learned that 53% of the sample completed one year of continuous recovery. We believe these results understate patients' overall success. The essentials for treatment are discussed.

Keywords: Alcoholism Drug Abuse Drug Rehabilitation Health Care Services Residential Care Institutions

Accuracy Verified: Yes

35. Bresnan, A. (2000, September 1). Ask Beth: Grandmother too important to forget. Boston, MA: The Boston Globe, Third Editon, Living, C10.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
Thank you for supporting therapy in your column. I'd like to tell you about a technique I've been using with clients for almost four years. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing helps people heal from traumas and works faster than just talking, as it helps the person unload negative feelings. It is helpful with adolescents who were exposed to criticism and other forms of mental abuse at home

Keywords: Boston General Letter Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

36. Edmond, T., & Rubin, A. (2004). Assessing the long-term effects of EMDR: Results from an 18-month follow-up study with adult female survivors of CSA. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 13(1), 69-86. doi:10.1300/J070v13n01_04.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This 18-month follow-up study builds on the findings of a randomized experimental evaluation that found qualified support for the short-term effectiveness of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) in reducing trauma symptoms among adult female survivors of childhood sexual abuse (CSA). The current study provides preliminary evidence that the therapeutic benefits of EMDR for adult female survivors of CSA can be maintained over an 18-month period. Furthermore, there is some support for the suggestion that EMDR did so more efficiently and provided a greater sense of trauma resolution than did routine individual therapy. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Americans Child Abuse Empirical Study Females Follow-up Study Quantitative Study Rape Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

37. Greenfield, R. (2010, October). The assessment and psychotherapy of a dissociateve adult man with complex PTSD. Presentation at the 27th Annual Meeting of the International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation, Atlanta, GA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This paper presents the assessment and four year psychotherapy of a Hispanic man with Complex PTSD and Dissociative Disorder NOS. The patient’s history of childhood sexual abuse caused significant disruptions in normative developmental processes causing what van der Kolk (2005) posits as a Developmental Trauma Disorder. Based on Shapiro’s (2001) adaptive information processing paradigm, the patient’s memories of extensive childhood sexual victimization became blocked from resolution from adaptive memory networks, becoming embedded in the emotional brain and activated by the 9/11 tragedy. This stimulated an array of PTSD and Dissociative symptomatology. In treatment he verbalized and chronicled his experiences of 9/11 and memories of severe childhood sexual abuse, establishing a narrative of victimization, helplessness, and confusion about his sexual orientation (Gardner, 1999). Furthermore, there were episodes of dissociation revealing the possibility of alters. Attempts to access adaptive networks using EMDR protocols were thwarted by intractable defenses. The patient’s desire to return to work was offset by his entitlement to Social Security Disability that was initially denied. Working through my concordant countertransference (Racker, 1968), I ultimately accepted his wish for SSD, which he obtained on appeal based upon my symptom-specific evaluation. The patient transferred to a clinic that accepted SSD.
Participants will be able to : ♦♦ identify the developmental derailing effects of childhood sexual abuse on normative developmental processes. ♦♦ assess how childhood trauma(s) that are repressed or dissociated are invoked by trauma(s) in adulthood through associative memory networks causing Complex PTSD. ♦♦ apply methods of working with patients dissociative defenses in psychotherapy.

Keywords: Case Study Developmental Trauma Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

38. van der Kolk, B. A. (1999, November). Assessment and treatment of complex PTSD. Specialty training course presented at the annual meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, Miami, FL.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
While most research on PTSD has studied subjects exposed to single trauma, in clinical practice the vast majority of treatment seeking patients have histories of multiple traumas, usually interpersonal, abuse. This gives rise to complex clinical pictures, of which PTSD is just one dimension. The Trauma Center in Boston is a large, multidisciplinary, developmentally focused Clinic which specializes in the treatment of traumatized children and adults. Our clinic uses a developmentally based assessment tool which helps in the staging of appropriate treatment interventions. Special emphasis is placed on providing patients with skills to deal with complex trauma-based symptoms, such as dissociation, by teaching stablization with DBT techniques, psychoeducational groups, resource installation, SIT, and body-oriented methods, in which patients are taught skills to increase their internal locus of control. We will review the rationale for various psychopharmacological interventions and the role of groups to enhance the capacity for mutual relationships. All treatment occurs on the foundation of continuity of care with one individual therapist who follows the patient’s progress,explores life issues, helps deal with re-enactment behaviors, and does trauma-specific treatment, such as EMDR or CBT for alleviation of trauma-specific symptoms. This conference will explore these issues in depth and discuss in detail the staging and applications of various treatment techniques in clinical practice.

Keywords: Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Complex PTSD C-PSTD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

39. Carter, A. (2007, June). Assessment and treatment of complex PTSD and dissociative disorders in childhood and adolescence, the role and use of EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Damage occurs to a child’s self in the context of relationship when raised in an environment of abuse and neglect. This damage to self is manifested through disruptions in development. A child or adolescent will be unable to perform tasks a non-traumatized child or adolescent has not difficulty mastering. These tasks may be physical, emotional, intellectual, sexual, social, or spiritual. When these disruptions become manifest in the environment with which the child or adolescent is interacting, home, school, or community, conflict arises. The conflict is both internal with self and external in relationship, behavioral, and biological. This is generally when a child or adolescent is brought into therapy for intervention Caregivers are not always aware of the impact traumatic events have on a child’s life or may not want to deal with the impact and the long term implications. The therapeutic relationship is a context outside of the system where the child was traumatized that provide the potential environment and relationship which can facilitate healing for the child, adolescent, and possible, the system in which they live.
Children and adolescents with a complex PTSD will often employ the use of dissociation as a way to cope with overwhelming events or chronically dysfunctional lifestyles. The degree and way in which the child dissociates to self regulate internal systems will determine behavioural and neurological trajectories in their life such as, how the child will cope, rupture of developmental task attainment, and it will determine what type of attachment process the child experiences. Also determined are: impulse control, sleep regulation, meta cognitive functioning, neurobiological processes and the integrative processes of self. When there is no therapeutic intervention, the self which emerges as a result of these processes is a “traumatic self” organization, that is a self structural in response to traumatic experience determined to avoid the repetition of the traumatic experience “at all costs.” The biological body that emerges is the traumatized body organized for avoidance in the forms of fighting, fleeing, or freezing and submitting.
The assessment phase of therapy will map for the therapist and client where the internal dysregulation occur, what are the maladaptive response which have been developed, and what the negative beliefs are which all contribute to the construction of the “traumatic self." There are a variety of assessment tools specifically designed for this purpose.
Once the map is established, a plan can be developed to use with children and adolescents and family for therapy and for EMDR. There are a variety of models which have been developed to use with children and adolescents to process bad memories, negative cognitions and to strengthen internal resources. EMDR can also be used to facilitate state change, strengthen self regulatory capacities, and promote integrative processes of authentic self, facilitating healing throughout self, body, and relational systems.

Keywords: Adolescents Children Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Complex PTSD C-PTSD Dissociative Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

40. Richman, S., & O'Connor, M. (2013, March). Attachment and trauma. Presentation at the annual workshops EMDR Association UK & Ireland and AGM, Newcastle.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Presents case studies of children and adults who have experienced early attachment disruptions that have adversely affected their development and relationships in childhood and later life. They will discuss the consequences of early attachment disruptions on relationships and learning and the ways in which the 8 phases of the EMDR protocol have to be adjusted to accommodate different attachment styles. They will discuss treatment strategies stemming from the eight-phase EMDR protocol for clients of all ages suffering from attachment disruptions, linking the effect of attachment trauma to dissociative symptoms and other developmental problems. They will also give attention to how the Adaptive Information Processing Theory addresses the impact of attachment trauma.

Keywords: Attachment Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

41. Parnell, L. (2012). Attachment-focused EMDR a client-centered therapy for healing childhood trauma and neglect. Shreveport, LA: Summit Interactive.

Language: English

Format: Video

Abstract:
Dr. Parnell presents the five basic principles of Attachment-Focused EMDR and how they are implemented in the treatment of traumatized clients with attachment wounds"--Container

Keywords: Attachment Container

Accuracy Verified: Yes

42. Cocco, N., & Sharpe, L. (1993, December). An auditory variant of eye movement desensitization in a case of childhood post-traumatic stress disorder. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 24(4), 373-377. doi:10.1016/0005-7916(93)90062-2.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The present paper reports a case study documenting the success of a child-appropriate variant of eye movement desensitization (EMD) in the treatment of PTSD. Although there have been numerous case studies and some preliminary controlled trials of this method in adult cases of PTSD, there does not appear to be any information on its use in children. The available literature suggests that it is a more rapid and less traumatic treatment than traditional exposure based therapies. The present paper describes a child-appropriate auditory variant of eye-movement desensitization applied to a case of childhood PTSD. [Author Summary]

Keywords: Case Report Males Preschool Age Children Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Robbery Survivors Terrorism

Accuracy Verified: Yes

43. Zangwill, W. (1995, June). Beyond the basics: Conceptual issues and advances in using EMDR. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop is designed for those comfortable with the basics of using EMDR. We shall discusses the importance of developing a conceptual framework in which to view the patient and his/her life experiences. Though any framework could potentially be used, the one we shall use is that of Jefiey Young's Schema-Focused Cognitive therapy. This workshop is too brief to go deeply into Jeff's work so let me give you some references. (Books: 1)Cognitive Therapy for Personality Disorders: A Schema Focused Appoach, Professional Resource Exchange, Sarasota, F1, (813) 366-7913 Or 2) Reinventing Your Life, Young and Klosko. Jeff can be reached at the CTC of NY (212) 717-1052). I would like to begin by presenting an overview of how I see the case conceptualization enhancing the effectiveness of EMDR. Next I want to present a case illustrating the points I am going to make. Then, for the remaining two thirds of the presentation, I would like us to share our experiences of cases using either this or your own framework. Why conceptualize the case? Why not just treat the trauma directly? Because I assume that it is the interaction of the events a person has experienced and the way in which they have interpreted, experienced and stored them that is most important in determining the amount and kind of pain that remains. If you took a group of 100 people who had been in serious accidents, were assaulted, etc. They will not all respond the same to the experience. Thus, I think that it is vitally important to "map" each patient's own idiosyncratic set of vulnerabilities, his/her schemas or life themes. One of the ways I do that is by attempting to combine all of the information that I obtain in the first few sessions. This would include history taking, any paper and pencil measures I use, e.g., Lazarus' Multimodal Life History Questionnaire (Research Press, Champagne, IL.); Young's Schema Questionnaire (Jeffrey Young, Cognitive Therapy Center of New York), and my experience of the client in session. My assumption is that we all have specific vulnerabilities. In Young's system such issues as Emotional Deprivation - the feeling that we shall never receive the kind of caring we need - Abandonment, Mistrust/Abuse, Defectives, Vulnerability, Subjugation, Entitlement, etc., are assumed to be organizing themes around which memories and experiences are stored. (Use 'Types of Fruit' metaphor here.) Once you have identified these underlying vulnerabilities and life themes, educating patients as to the role of these early maladaptive schemas in their present life difficulties is quite usefull in a variety of ways. First, is its explanatory power. One of the problems clients often present is the pain of the event itself their subsequent reactions. How many of us have heard from our clients variations on the theme of "What's wrong with me that this is still bothering me? It happened years ago; how come I'm still overreacting?" Explaining that often the event was/is so painful because it taps into a whole series of memories (the childhood file folders that Francine talks about in Level I), frequently increases clients' ability to understand their emotional reactions and reduces their tendency to blame themselves. Second, it alerts you and the client to look for other examples in the past that might be thematically connected and to be aware of situations in the future that might be troublesome. For example, imagine a client who suffered a tremendous loss as a chlld through the death of a parent, divorce, etc. Through your interviews and data collection, you realize that the issue of abandonment is a very pow& for them. Naturally, you would want to use EMDR to clean out any past experiences connected to abandonment. However, you should anticipate that situations involving future separation will need to be addressed. How will they react when their spouse goes on a business trip? The conceptualization around this theme alerts you and the client to be aware of these issues. Also, it can be very helpfull in your couples work. Take the example of the spouse that gets upset about over his wife's upcoming business trip. (Knowing that sometimes the upset shows itself prior to the trip and sometimes it is only after they return that the spouse feels punished). Without knowledge of these underlying schemas and life themes, the wife might interpret the husband's upset as a result of jealousy at her success, fear of her growth, and as being a part of his controlling nature. With these interpretations, her anger and frustration would be understandable. How differently might she respond if she saw his difficulty in her leaving as reflecting his fear of losing her and being abandoned once again. Might this interpretation allow both of them to respond in ways helpful to the relationship? With this brief background, let me present a case and show you how these issues fit together and how by conceptualizing the case accurately I was able to provide better treatment. After if I finish this presentation, I want to open the floor to your comments and questions. I would then like to propose that we take the remaining time for you to present your own cases that illustrate either the usefulness of the conceptualization you did or the problems you ran into when you didn't. Case # 1 Case discussion. Case presentations and discussion by participants.

Keywords: Conceptual Issues

Accuracy Verified: Yes

44. Korn, D., Weir, J., & Rozelle, D. (2005, June). Beyond the data: Clinical lesions learned from a four-year treatment outcome study comparing EMDR to prozac. Plenary presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Brussels, Belgium.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
"Bridging the gap between research and clinical practice" is a challenging and elusive goal. Outcome data, while critical for the legitimacy and advancement of clinical work, often fail to translate into practical skill sets. It is only when clinicians look beyond the data that they learn some of the most valuable lessons of research.
In this session, we will present the results of a four-year, randomized controlled study comparing EMDR to Prozac in the treatment of PTSD. We will also explore the clinical and practical lessons learned throughout the study. We will address assessment and history taking, treatment planning, readiness for processing, target selection. transference and countertransference, and adult versus childhood onset trauma. We hope to give EMDR practitioners an in-depth analysis of the real-life processes, dilemmas, and learning that took place during our protocol based treatment outcome study. Video segments will be used to illustrate clinical concepts and key points. And perhaps, most importantly, these same segments will be used to demonstrate how we struggled to recognize and learn from our own mistakes.

Keywords: Plenary Prozac

Accuracy Verified: Yes

45. Laliotis, D. (2010, March). Beyond trauma: Part I and II - EMDR as a broad-based psychotherapy. Presentation at the Psychotherapy Networker Symposium, Washington, DC.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
While EMDR is widely used as a highly effective treatment for PTSD based on neutralizing past memories of trauma, few therapists recognize how powerful a tool it can be in helping clients reprocess difficult experiences - traumatic or not - that impede their client's ability to move forward with their lives. In this workshop, you'll be introduced to an eight-phase information-processing model of EMDR for helping clients identify and reprocess significant childhood experiences and chronic patterns or themes that shadow their lives, hinder their emotional growth, and limit their ability to fully express their own identity. You'll learn a practical clinical procedure for identifying the predominant themes in clients' lives that underlie their current difficulties and freeing the, from attitudes that limits a fuller, more flexible experience of self.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

46. Laliotis, D. (2010, April/May). Beyond trauma: Rebuilding the self with EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR Canada, Toronto, Ontario.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Clients who present with life-long relationship problems and serious self-esteem issues often have pervasive developmental deficits that manifest as attachment and/or character disorders. While EMDR is an efficient treatment, addressing the early life experiences that contribute to a client’s ongoing difficulties is more than just reprocessing the nodal events of childhood; it is about generating corrective experiences of self in relationship with others. Participants will learn how to use EMDR to facilitate the uncoupling of negative core beliefs and core affects from positive, more adaptive aspects of self that have been depressed, dissociated, or otherwise undeveloped. To this end, clinicians will learn how to actively utilize the client’s emergent experience of self within the context of EMDR processing using an expanded repertoire of cognitive interweave strategies. Materials will be presented through lecture and videotape of actual continuous clinical cases as well as a large group discussion format in which participants will be able to discuss their own cases with the presenter. (All Levels)

Keywords: Rebuilding Self

Accuracy Verified: Yes

47. Solomon, E. P., & Heide, K. M. (2005, January). The biology of trauma: Implications for treatment. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 20(1), 51-60. doi:10.1177/0886260504268119.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
During the past 20 years, the development of brain imaging techniques and new biochemical approaches has led to increased understanding of the biological effects of psychological trauma. New hypotheses have been generated about brain development and the roots of antisocial behavior. We now understand that psychological trauma disrupts homeostasis and can cause both short and long-term effects on many organs and systems of the body. Our expanding knowledge of the effects of trauma on the body has inspired new approaches to treating trauma survivors. Biologically informed therapy addresses the physiological effects of trauma, as well as cognitive distortions and maladaptive behaviors. The authors suggest that the most effective therapeutic innovation during the past 20 years for treating trauma survivors has been Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), a therapeutic approach that focuses on resolving trauma using a combination of top-down (cognitive) and bottom-up (affect/body) processing. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adolescents Child Abuse Children Criminal Behavior Forensic Evaluation Literature Review Neglect Neuroendocrinology Neurophysiology Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

48. Heide, K. M., & Solomon, E. P. (2006, May-June). Biology, childhood trauma, and murder: Rethinking justice. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 29(3), 220-233. doi:10.1016/j.ijlp.2005.10.001.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This article reviews recent findings in the developmental neurophysiology of children subjected to psychological trauma. Studies link extreme neglect and abuse with long-term changes in the nervous and endocrine systems. A growing body of research literature indicates that individuals with severe trauma histories are at higher risk of behaving violently than those without such histories. This article links these two research areas by discussing how severe and protracted child abuse and/or neglect can lead to biological changes, putting these individuals at greater risk for committing homicide and other forms of violence than those without child maltreatment histories. The implications of these biological findings for forensic evaluations are discussed. Based on new understanding of the effects of child maltreatment, the authors invite law and mental health professionals to rethink their notions of justice and offender accountability, and they challenge policymakers to allocate funds for research into effective treatment and for service delivery. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adolescents Attachment Brain Development Child Abuse Criminal Behavior Child Neglect Children Criminal Responsibility Forensic Evaluation Homicide Juvenile Offenders Literature Review Mitigating Factors Murder Neglect Neuroendocrinology Neurophysiology Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Sociopathy Survivors Trauma Violence

Accuracy Verified: Yes

49. Blore, D. (2009, October). Blind to therapist protocol. Presentation at the 2nd EMDR Autumn Workshop Conference, Leeds, UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The Blind to Therapist (B2T) Protocol (Blore & Holmshaw 2006, 2009), is aimed at helping provide EMDR in special circumstances – particularly where the client is unwilling to describe a target image either because the client fears that the therapist will be disgusted or overwhelmed by the content - as in sexual abuse trauma, and/or where the client is reluctant to relinquish further perceived control for the purposes of conducting EMDR. In essence, the B2T protocol abandons the idea of 'client avoidance' and modifies EMDR so as to accommodate avoidance until the client is ready to identify traumatic material.

Keywords: Blind to Therapist Protocol

Accuracy Verified: Yes

50. Fisher, J. (2007, September 29). The body as a shared whole: Somatic interventions for working with trauma and dissociation. Presentation at the Quarterly Meeting Program of The New England Society for the Treatment of Trauma and Dissociation.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
To stabilize overwhelming symptoms, integrate memories, and overcome the terror of intimacy, traumatized clients must establish sufficient safety in the body that they do not continue to recreate the unsafe world of childhood. Otherwise, the “child in the nightmare” from decades ago remains lost in time, demoralized by internal critics and terrified by the threats of hypervigilant internal protectors. Because the body is the container for all past and present experience and for all parts of the self, somatically oriented approaches can address the intense and often baffling reactions of these patients in a way that is both simple and effective. This workshop will demonstrate bodyoriented interventions for working with traumatized and dissociative patients drawn from Sensorimotor Psychotherapy and easily integrated into EMDR, IFS, and traditional talking therapies. Through the use of lecture, videotape, and demonstration, participants will have the opportunity to observe somatically informed solutions to a number of common clinical challenges encountered in trauma treatment. Capitalizing on recent advances in the research on attachment and trauma, the workshop will also provide a context for understanding how to use the therapeutic relationship to provide a safe “container” for both patient and therapist in the challenging work of trauma treatment.

Keywords: Dissociation Somatic Interventions Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

51. Bush, Y. R. (1999, June). Bonding and attachment. Prescott College, AZ.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
This paper reviews the issues of major importance in the current study of bonding and attachment. Adopted children and children who have spent some of their childhood in foster care account for a disproportionate number of unattached children. A review of the history of literature relative to bonding and attachment from Freud to Bowlby and to present day experts is presented. The relatively new diagnosis of Reactive Attachment Disorder and the DSM IV diagnostic features are addressed. The treatment process, including the various accepted techniques that have been somewhat successful, is described. The newest technique, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), developed by Francine Shapiro, is being used to help children who have been diagnosed with Reactive Attachment Disorder. The technique is explained in this paper. Chapter six includes information regarding how to complete a family history and assessment and the outline for a more formal narrative report. This paper was written to explain bonding and attachment and its format was planned so that parts of it can be used as a teaching tool. The purpose of the paper is to gain knowledge and understanding in this field of study so that children will benefit. Assessing the level of bonding and attachment will assist the helping professional plan appropriate treatment for children and families.

Keywords: Adoption Attachment Bonding Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

52. Klaff, F. (2012, October). Bonding the pieces: Treating children unglued by family disruptions - An integrated EMDR-family systems approach. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Arlington, VA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Major family structural changes, as in divorce and adoption, impact children’s adjustment. Integrating neuroscience research, the AIP-EMDR model and family systems theory, a comprehensive therapeutic approach facilitates treatment of the child’s whole experience. Videotaped case material demonstrates effectiveness of the EMDR treatment component, addressing interpersonal and intrapersonal experiences for adopted brothers Antwon, 4 and Tony,7, exposed to past poverty, drugs,abuse and murder; and Gina, 8, impacted by divorce, current family instability, alcoholism,and other unrevealed ghosts. These children are representative of the complex cases therapists must deconstruct, with sometimes disturbing or complicating revelations emerging as treatment progresses.

Keywords: Children Family Systems Approach

Accuracy Verified: Yes

53. Watson, C., Davis, R., & Heimonen, T. (2010, September/October). Bridging the gap between clinical practice and research with EMDR. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Minneapolis, MN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is a trauma treatment with origins date back to 1987 by its founder Francine Shapiro. EMDR is based on an information-processing model and is being used to treat traumatic symptoms. Clinicians in many types of clinical settings worldwide employ EMDR for a board range of treatment issues including grief, depression, anxiety, physical and sexual abuse. Although there is evidence that EMDR is effective in treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, more research needs to be done in clinical practice settings to contribute to the much needed research base about effective of EMDR with other issues.
Therapists working with trauma are often dealing with high caseloads and administrative requirements of the agencies that they work with. The clinicians involved in this research have observed that there have been some encouraging developments in their community which have served to build bridges for clinicians to increase their confidence in the world of research. In 2007, an intiative called Research Skills Development Program offering mentoring in research skills development was offered in association with Lakehead University and Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Ontario, Canada.
Completion of this 1-year program proved to be the first step in make the transition from clinician to researcher. From there, partnerships were formed within the agency and community. With the support of our agency, researchers were able to gain access to testing and computer software that made data collection and data anaylsis possible with least disruption to our clinical services.
The clinicians were encouraged by previous results from our first study in 2007 (n=6) to continue systematic data collection with more clients (n=6). Approval for this recent study was received by the Ethics Committee of St. Joseph's Care Group.

Keywords: Poster Practice Research Research Skills Development Program

Accuracy Verified: No

54. Rost, C. (2010, June). Bridging the gap between stabilisation and trauma confrontation. Pre-conference presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
When processing trauma material during the EMDR session, we often see the spontaneous appearance of resource material. This helps patients to come to terms with the traumatic memory. With complex traumatized patients, this material appears far less frequently, and the EMDR process can be much harder. We can support the process by activating specific resources, both before and during the EMDR session.
During this workshop, specific resource techniques will be presented and practiced which can help to stabilize complex traumatized patients and which can also be combined with the EMDR standard protocol: Position of Power, Power Animal, Body Resource, CIPOS, and a protocol for early childhood memories.

Keywords: Body Resource CIPOS Position of Power Power Animal

Accuracy Verified: Yes

55. Scheck, M. M., Schaeffer, J. A., & Gillette, C. (1998, January). Brief psychological intervention with traumatized young women: The efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 11(1), 25-44. doi:10.1023/A:1024400931106.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
To study the efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) with traumatized young women, 60 women between the ages of 16 and 25 were randomly assigned to 2 sessions of either EMDR or an active listening (AL) control. Factorial ANOVA interaction effects and simple main effects for outcome measures (Beck Depression Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Penn Inventory for PTSD, Impact of Event Scale, Tennessee Self-Concept Scale) indicated significant improvement for both groups and significantly greater pre-post change for EMDR-treated participants. Pre-post effect sizes for the EMDR group averaged 1.56 compared to 0.65 for the AL group. Despite treatment brevity, the posttreatment outcome variable means of EMDR-treated participants compared favorably with nonpatient or successfully treated norm groups on all measures. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Americans Battery Child Abuse Effects Emotional Abuse Females Empirical Study Follow-up Study Incest Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Random Clinical Trial Rape RCT Stressors Survivors Treatment Effectiveness Young Adults

Accuracy Verified: Yes

56. Korn, D., Rozelle D., & Weir, J. (2005, June). Bringing EMDR research into practice. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Brussels, Belgium.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Determining Readiness for EMDR Trauma Processing: • Neither diagnosis nor trauma history determine readiness for trauma processing or response to treatment • Though studies often exclude subjects with suicidal ideation, dissociation or substance abuse, EMDR may be used with these clients if other readiness criteria (e.g., affect tolerance, coping skills, safe embodiment) are met • Key point - Capacity to tolerate and modulate arousal v. absolute level of arousal [Excerpt]

Keywords: Practice Research

Accuracy Verified: Yes

57. Khift, R. N. (1994). Building upon our foundations. Dissociation, 7(2), 79-80.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
It is easy to become demoralized in the face of repeated assaults on the credibility and legitimacy of our patients, our patients' given histories and allegations of mistreatment, and the very conditions that they suffer. As clinicians and scientific investigators working with trauma victims and dissociative disorder patients, we have found it difficult to withstand withering and venomous attacks upon our professions, our motivations, and ourselves as individuals. Although there have been some notable exceptions, the last several months have been remarkable for the video and print media' s love affair with those who protest the veracity of allegations of childhood mistreatment, and their willingness to promulgate polarized negative representations of those who allege childhood mistreatment and those who treat them. Since the New Year, I have been interviewed by a large number of reporters and journalists. Only two diverged from a rather stereotyped and weary script in which the legitimacy of the perspective of the False Memory Syndrome Foundation was assumed, and this assumption colored the majority of the dialog that transpired. I strongly suspect that matters will get worse before they improve.

Keywords: Editorial

Accuracy Verified: Yes

58. Waters, F. S., Potgieter, R., & Yehuda, N. (2011, November). But they are too young to be traumatized!. Presentation at the 28th annual meeting of the International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation, Montreal, Quebec.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
All too often it is assumed that infants or young children are too young to remember frightening, painful, and confusing experiences, and therefore will not suffer harm because they are too young to be traumatized. Clinical experience; however, as well as research on neurobiology of trauma, child development, and attachment, tell a different story. While very often not verbalized, overwhelming early experiences are nonetheless remembered implicitly. As such they tend to find expression in a myriad of debilitating emotional and somatic symptoms across a persons life span; even into adulthood. Understanding how early trauma can affect the child developmentally, and how it might be expressed, is crucial not only to clinicians treating children but also to those working with adults. It is through understanding early traumatic markers and the subtle, often coded signs, sometimes rooted as far back as infancy, that one can begin the process of untangling these symptoms and freeing the individual from a lifetime of pain, suffering, and failed relationships. This workshop will examine the types of early traumamedical, severe neglect, all forms of abuse, disrupted attachmentand how these traumatic experiences impact the young child from birth to five years. The signs and symptoms of traumatized and dissociative children, as well as available research on the topic will be described, along with case examples. The need for careful interpretation of often convoluted and subtle symptoms will be explained. Accurate interpretation of a childs presentation relies on understanding the neurobiology of trauma and dissociation. That, as well as understanding the impact on child development and attachment is crucial for effective intervention. Strategies such as Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) and involvement of caregivers in the therapy will be described. Videoed sessions and artwork describing the young traumatized child's inner world and recovery process will augment the presentation.

Keywords: Children Infants

Accuracy Verified: Yes

59. Sabey, A. (2001, May). Can EMDR be used within a client-centred (non-directive) play therapy sessions?. Poster presented at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, London, UK .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The purpose of this exploratory study was to see whether EMDR could he incorporated into a Client-Centred model of Play Therapy, to enable children and adolescents to more rapidly process traumatic memories, thereby enhancing the therapeutic process. The Client-Centred (non-directive) Play Therapy model is now well recognised as a way of helping children and adolescents who have experienced psychological trauma to work through their experiences in a way that is both empowering and non-threatening. It is based on Rogerian principles (Rogers 1951), with the philosophy that given the right therapeutic conditions the children, like adults, have an innate drive towards health. The child leads the way, and the therapist follows. I have struggled to see how EMDR can fit comfortably within a client-centered play therapy model, although I recognise that Shapiro describes the model as client-centred. To test a hypothesis that EMDR could be integrated into a client-centred play therapy approach, three children were identified. All 3 were waiting for some regular weekly client-centred play therapy sessions, within the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service, in West Yorkshire. The subject of the study were two girls, one aged 8 years old and the other aged 14 years with a mild learning disability, and a boy who was 13 years old. All three had experienced complex psychological trauma including sexual abuse. My dilemma was whether it was in fact possible to introduce EMDR within the sessions, and if so, how to do this in a way that enhanced the therapeutic process and did not intrude. The sessions were set up introducing the EMDR protocol alongside setting up the client-centred play therapy sessions. Each child was offered 10-12 weekly sessions. In this presentation I will summarise my findings and hope to show how possible ways the two approaches can be integrated.

Keywords: Children Play Therapy Poster

Accuracy Verified: Yes

60. Parnell, L. (1995). The case of a sexually abused woman re-entering her body after a cognitive interweave. EMDR Network Newsletter, 5(1), 9.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
I was working with a woman who had been repeatedly molested by her teenage brother when she was very young. As we reached the end of the session, she was aware that as a child, she left her body so he could not hurt her. Although she believed that it was not safe to be in her body, she did feel safe and secure outside of her body looking down on things. I suggested to her that, "It wasn't safe to be in your body then, but it is now." She agreed, and we did another set of eye movements. At the end of that setshe exclaimed, "I can feel myself in my body for the first time! I never knew I wasn't in my body before." She kept saying how strange it felt to be in her body. She was so surprised! It was like she had been living hovering outside of her body since she was a child without being aware of it, and suddenly had popped back into it.

Keywords: Cognitive Interweave Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

61. Bodian, S. (1995). A case of past-life interweave. EMDR Network Newsletter, 5(2), 3-4.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Although I spent 10 years as a Buddhist monk and meditation teacher before becoming a therapist, I have always considered myself an agnostic on the issue of reincarnation. So it was much to my surprise, and without any prompting on my Part, that one of my clients recently had a past-life experience during an EMDR session and then spontaneously wove the experience into the reprocessing of a childhood memory.

Keywords: Past Life Interweave

Accuracy Verified: Yes

62. Lea, G. W. (1995). A case of spontaneous EMDR in a child. EMDR Network Newsletter, 5(1), 8.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Clinicians trained in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) are well aware of the often cited report of Dr. Shapiro's discovery of Eye Movement Desensitization. The following is a brief account of an 8- year-old male sexual abuse victim who spontaneously discovered eye movement desensitization.

Keywords: Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

63. Groenendijk, M. (2009). Casus 14 – Ik! Ben! Goed!: Een cliënte van 55 jaar met een dissociatieve identiteitsstoornis (DIS) [Case 14 - I! Am! Good!: A woman of 55 years with a dissociative identity disorder (DIS)]. In H. K. Hornsveld & S. Berendsen (Eds.), Casusboek EMDR, 25 voorbeelden uit de praktijk (1st Ed.), (pp. 205-222). Houten: Bohn Stafleu Van Loghum. doi:10.1007/978-90-313-7358-1_21.

Language: Dutch

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Miranda is 55 jaar en getrouwd met Peter, garagehouder. Zij hebben twee volwassen kinderen (een zoon en een dochter) en twee kleinkinderen. Miranda woont in een klein dorp in het noorden van het land. Tot acht jaar geleden werkte ze als administratief medewerkster op een kantoor, maar zij kwam in de ziektewet wegens problemen op het werk en in haar huwelijk. Ze meldde zich aan voor behandeling en bij haar werd als diagnose gesteld: reactieve depressie en sociale fobie bij een persoonlijkheid met ontwijkende trekken. Na een ambulante start werd ze aangemeld voor klinische psychotherapie en gedurende deze opname kwam voor het eerst haar geschiedenis met ernstig seksueel misbruik ter sprake. Op de deeltijdbehandeling die daarop volgde, kreeg ze steeds meer last van dissociatieve klachten. Ook thuis namen deze klachten toe en kreeg ze woedeaanvallen. Ze ging's nachts geregeld zwerven. Ze werd heropgenomen en nu werd de diagnose DIS gesteld. In de kliniek werden in het kader van traumaverwerking enkele EMDR-sessies gedaan, maar dit had weinig resultaat. Miranda herinnert zich er nauwelijks iets van.

Miranda is 55 years and married to Peter, mechanic. They have two grown children (a son and a daughter) and two grandchildren. Miranda lives in a small village in the north of the country. Until eight years ago she worked as an administrative assistant at an office, but she was on sick leave due to problems at work and in her marriage. She signed up for treatment and was considered its diagnosis: reactive depression and social phobia with avoidant personality in a draw. After a patient start, she was signed up for clinical psychotherapy and during this recording first came her history with sexual abuse seriously discussed. On the day hospital treatment that followed, she was increasingly suffering from dissociative symptoms. Also took home these complaints, and she rages. She went regularly roam at night. She was re-recorded and now the diagnosis was made DIS. In the clinic under some EMDR trauma processing sessions done, but this had little effect. Miranda remembers hardly anything.

Keywords: DID Dissociative Identity Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

64. Leuning, E. (2009). Casus 17 – ‘Dat met die jongen’: Autistische jongen van 16 dringt aan op behandeling seksueel trauma [Case 17 – "That with that boy": Autistic boy of 16 calls for treatment of his sexual trauma]. In H. K. Hornsveld & S. Berendsen (Eds.), Casusboek EMDR, 25 voorbeelden uit de praktijk (1st Ed.), (pp. 251-258). Houten: Bohn Stafleu Van Loghum. doi:10.1007/978-90-313-7358-1_25 .

Language: Dutch

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Edwin werd op 13-jarige leeftijd opgenomen in de kinderkliniek van het Dr. Leo Kannerhuis (LKH) in verband met zijn stoornis in het autistisch spectrum. Na enkele jaren in de kinderkliniek wordt hij doorgeplaatst naar de jongerenkliniek waar hij, inmiddels 16 jaar oud, behandeling krijgt in een groep van zes adolescenten. Edwin is een jongen met een forse autistische stoornis, wat zich met name uit in een zeer vertraagde informatieverwerking, moeite met sociale contacten en gebrekkig sociaal inzicht. Daarnaast is er bij Edwin sprake van preoccupaties in het denken (steeds dezelfde herhalende gedachten). Edwin raakt snel overprikkeld wanneer hij te veel informatie krijgt of te veel sociale interacties moet verwerken. Hij raakt dan in de war en probeert weer grip te krijgen op zijn verwarring door verklaringen te zoeken. Door Edwins beperkte inzicht in de omgeving zijn deze verklaringen vaak niet conform de werkelijkheid en veroorzaken ze bij hem nog meer verwarring. In het verleden is er daardoor sprake geweest van prepsychoses. Verder is bekend dat Edwin op jonge leeftijd zeer waarschijnlijk te maken heeft gehad met seksueel misbruik door zijn vader. In een later stadium heeft een jongen seksuele handelingen verricht bij Edwin en moest hij bij hem seksuele handelingen verrichten.

Edwin was 13 years of age included in the pediatric clinic of the Dr.. Leo Kanner (LKH) associated with their disorder in the autistic spectrum. After several years in the children's clinic he will be transferred to the clinic for youth, now 16 years old, receives treatment in a group of six adolescents. Edwin is a boy with a strong autistic disorder, in particular in what was a very slow information processing, difficulty with social interaction and lack of social insight. In addition, when Edwin there concerns in mind (repeating the same thoughts). Edwin quickly become overexcited when he gets too much information or too much to handle social interactions. He then gets confused and tries to get a grip on his confusion by looking statements. By Edwin limited understanding of the environment, these statements are often inconsistent with the reality and cause them to him even more confusion. In the past there has therefore been prepsychoses. Edwin is also known that at a young age is very likely to have experienced sexual abuse by his father. At a later stage, a boy sexual acts performed with Edwin and he had to perform sexual acts with him.

Keywords: Autism Sexual Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

65. Verster, M (2009). Casus 22 – Vage kinderherinnering als sleutel naar herstel: Vaginismeklachten bij een jonge vrouw [Case 22 – A vague childhood memory as the key to recovery: Vaginismus symptoms in a young woman]. In H. K. Hornsveld & S. Berendsen (Eds.), Casusboek EMDR, 25 voorbeelden uit de praktijk (1st Ed.), (pp. 305-311). Houten: Bohn Stafleu Van Loghum. doi:10.1007/978-90-313-7358-1_32.

Language: Dutch

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Eva wordt naar mij verwezen nadat verschillende behandelingen in verband met vaginisme geen resultaat hadden. Eva is 24 jaar en heeft zolang zij zich kan heugen problemen met vrijen. Vanaf haar eerste seksuele ervaring toen zij 16 jaar was heeft zij last van pijn bij het vrijen en lukt het haar niet om geslachtsgemeenschap te hebben. Eva heeft sinds viereneenhalf jaar een vaste relatie en woont sinds een jaar samen. Eva is tevreden over haar relatie, al is seksualiteit sluimerend altijd een beladen onderwerp tussen hen beiden gebleven.

Eve is referred to me after several treatments related to vaginismus had not produced. Eva is 24 years and as long as they can remember problems with sex. From her first sexual experience when she was 16 she in pain during sex and she managed not to have sexual intercourse. Eva has been four and a half years a steady relationship and has lived together one year. Eva is happy about her relationship, though dormant sexuality is always a charged issue between them remained.

Keywords: Vaginismus Women

Accuracy Verified: Yes

66. Amen, D. G. (2003, September). Change your brain, change your life: Breakthrough information on seeing and healing the brain. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Utilizing the latest, most sophistcated brain imaging technology in medicine, physician and clinical neuroscientist Daniel Amen will give you an intimate look into a "working brain." Based on his brain imaging work with over 16,000 brain SPECT studies, Dr.Amen will teach you what specific parts of the brain do, and graphically show what happens when things go wrong, illustrated by many case stories and a number of the actual brain images. He will correlate different brain patterns with specific feelings and behaviors, such as moodiness, irritability, conflict avoidance, worrying and temper outbursts, along with certain common psychiatric disorders such as depression, attenton deficit disorder, anxiety, and substance abuse. In addition, there will be prescriptions for healing each part of the brain, including cognitive, behavioral, nutritional and medicinal strategies.

Keywords: Brain SPECT

Accuracy Verified: Yes

67. Wesselman, D. (2009, June). Changes in attachment status in an adult survivor of abuse and neglect after six months of EMDR treatment. Keynote presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Amsterdam.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Ms. Wessleman presented a preview of a single case report she has in press in the Journal of EMDR showing significant changes in attachment status in an adult survivor of abuse and neglect after six months of EMDR treatment as measured by the Adult Attachment Interview. She also described research she now has nearly completed on treat of adult survivors who had completed 1 year of DBT group treatment and then were randomly assigned to either individual DBT or to EMDR treatment. She noted the high drop out rate from the group DBT treatment and indicated that the EMDR treatment group was unique in showing changed in PTSD related symptoms.

Keywords: Adult Attachment Interview Attachment DBT Dialectical Behavior Therapy Dropout Rates

Accuracy Verified: No

68. Falaschi, R., & Tizzani, E. (2001, October). Changes in electroencephalographic quantitative analysis in patients treated with EMDR. In International CIANS Conference (CIANS: Collegium Internationale Activitatis Nervosae Superioris; International Association for Integrative Nervous Functions, Neurobiology of behaviour and Psychosomatics), (p 159) Palermo.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
EMDR’s basic working theory assumes that traumatic memories remain unprocessed because the innate information processing system is stuck by the psychophysiological effects of trauma. Traumatic events are stored in their original form, and the recall of traumatic memories causes a high level of disturbance.
Left-right rhythmic stimulations of EMDR seem to remove the block in the traumatic memories processing and help memories storing mechanism function at an adaptive level. In recent years, many scientific researches have focused on the opportunity to assess the functional connection between different brain areas through quantitative analysis of EEG.
According to the aim of this presentation, our attention was drawn to the correlation between slow bands (4- 7 Hz) and the activity in the sub-cortical areas involved in working memory and, also, high frequency ranges (> 36 Hz) and cortical activities during sensorial stimuli processing. There are a few quantitative EEG studies on patients with PTSD. The EEG analysis of subject with childhood abuse histories revealed less synchronization in the two hemispheres functioning compared to normal control subjects.
EEG quantitative analysis in abused children showed a higher intra-hemispheric left coherence and a lower intra-hemispheric right coherence in comparison with normal control subjects. According to these results, the aim of this presentation is to test if there are recordable changes in the intra and inter hemispheric synchronization between brain areas where information processing occurs (limbic system, prefrontal cortical area, and posterior cortical areas) in patients with PTSD after EMDR treatment.

Keywords: EEG Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

69. Inoue, N., Nawa, J., Katoh, T., & Shirakawa, M. (2010, July). Changes in personality functioning over the course of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing trauma therapy: Findings on the early changes. Poster presented at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Objective: Although eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is said not only to reduce trauma-related symptoms but also to enhance ability to function in life, its effectiveness in other than reducing trauma-related symptoms has yet to be verified. The objective of this study was to explore the broad range of effectiveness of EMDR, especially changes in the personality functioning during the early phase of treatment. Methods: Using the non-randomized design, we assessed and compared the treatment changes in subjects treated with EMDR and subjects who participated in the psycho-education course of trauma. Eligible subjects were adult women who experienced human-caused trauma such as domestic violence, rape, or childhood abuse. The Rorschach Comprehensive System (CS) was used as the first outcome measure to evaluate personality functioning, and self-report questionnaires and a clinical interview for trauma-related symptoms were used as the secondary outcome measures. Subjects of both groups were assessed at the time of enrollment in the study and 4 months after the enrollment. We completed the evaluation of 5 and 6 subjects in the EMDR and the control group, respectively. Results: The CS index for self-esteem and self-concern was improved in the EMDR sample compared with the controls. Women treated with EMDR showed increased openness to internal and external stimuli (assessed by CS F%), whereas some women in the control group even developed a tendency to avoid internal and external stimuli after 4 months. Conclusion: The differences of early changes in personality functioning between the EMDR group and the controls will be discussed in detail.

Keywords: Changes in Personality Functioning Poster

Accuracy Verified: Yes

70. Scarlata, B. (1995). Changing cognitions. EMDR Network Newsletter, 5(1), 8-9.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Linda (not her real name) is a 40- year-old professional woman whose avocation is healing and who is proficient in several of the touch therapies. She has a Dissociative Disorder with well-defined "parts," but she has not experienced time loss. She is not on medication and although she is often depressed, she is able bfunction fairly well most of the time. As a child, she was emotionally and sexually abused by her father for approximately ten years. He is bedridden now, but she is still subject to his verbal abuse when she visits him once a week. He has never acknowledged his abuse, nor has she confronted him about it (although she has told her mother). She said she will not feel totally safe until he is dead. We have had ten sessions together. EMDR was used in most of our sessions during which she processed specific incidents of abuse that were very traumatic for her. She believes that she has many dissociated infant and child parts-each of whom hold a memory of one of the abusive incidents she experienced.

Keywords: Cognitions

Accuracy Verified: Yes

71. Helen. (2011, February). Child abuse and voice hearing: Finding healing through EMDR. Psychosis Psychological, Social and Integrative Approaches, 3(1), 90-95 doi:10.1080/17522439.2010.542827.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Public education campaigns are needed to proclaim the right of children to be safe in their own homes and to encourage both abusers and victims to seek help. Broad-based discussion of this problem, its causes, its consequences and its remedies, would help lift the veil of secrecy and shame that surrounds the topic of sexual abuse within the family, preventing many individuals from seeking assistance. We therefore urge that all means, including the media, be used to raise public awareness about the need to end the sexual abuse of children, particularly within the family. (Rights of The Child: Sexual abuse of children within the family. Statement submitted by the Baha’i International Community to the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations, February 1998). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Child Abuse Voice Hearing

Accuracy Verified: Yes

72. Litt, B. (2007). The child as identified patient: Integrating contextual therapy and EMDR. In F. Shaprio, F. W. Kaslow, & L. Maxfield (Eds.), Handbook of EMDR and family therapy processes (pp. 306-324). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
It is estimated that as many as 2% of children under age 12 and from 5% to 18% of adolescents suffer from a depressive disorder (Birmaher et al., 1996; Northey, Wells, Silverman, & Bailey, 2003) that will likely persist into adulthood (Northey et al., 2003; Wagner & Ambrosini, 2001). Contextual Therapy is a differentiation-based (e.g., Kerr & Bowen, 1988; Schnarch, 1991) approach in that it promotes self-determination in the face of family pressure for compliance, reliance on internal resources for self-validation rather than dependence on others for approval, and the overcoming of emotional discomfort in the interests of responsible action (Boszormenyi-Nagy & Krasner, 1986). Both the contextual approach and the Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) model predict that formative childhood experiences affect both psychological health and relational functioning. With its systemic paradigm and its ethical dimension of relationship, the contextual approach is complementary and additive to Shapiro's (2001) AIP model. The contextual approach shows the clinician where to look for the targets, and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) provides the potency to transform the experience. A general structure of phase-oriented therapy can be described that accounts for most, if not all, referrals for treatment. An assessment phase, a contracting phase, and an intervention phase characterize the main tasks of the therapist. In practice, these phases may overlap, coincide, or repeat themselves over the course of minutes, weeks, or months. This chapter describes only those practices that are unique to the integrated approach. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing Model Affective Disorders Child Patients Contextual Therapy Depressive Disorder Integrated Approach Integrative Psychotherapy Major Depression Models

Accuracy Verified: Yes

73. BBC. (2012, April 1). Childhood abuse victims given light therapy. BBC News. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-tayside-central-17893954 on 5/1/2012.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
NHS [Ms] Forth Valley's head of behavioural psychotherapy, Therese McGoldrick, said victims of childhood sexual, physical and emotional abuse often found it difficult to speak about what they had suffered. [Excerpt]

Keywords: General Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

74. Monahan, K., & Forgash, C. (2012, March). Childhood sexual abuse and adult physical and dental health outcomes. In E. A. Kalfoğlu & R. Faikoglu (Eds.), Sexual Abuse - Breaking the Silence (pp. 137-152). Intechopen.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Along the same lines, evidence-based assessment and interventions must be in line with the finding of how significant the subjective impressions of sexual assault are for incarcerated older adults in treatment. A promising intervention that is being piloted in the criminal justice system with younger age groups is Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). EMDR specifically targets change in subjective units of distress among trauma survivors, particularly sexual abuse survivors, which in turn reduces post traumatic stress symptoms (Kitchiner, 2000). Moreover, previous research with incarcerated juvenile offenders shows that EMDR can work in reducing post traumatic stress reactivity resulting in less violent behavior and conduct problems among samples. Its utility for older adults, especially those with histories of sexual assault victimization and perpetration is perhaps a promising intervention. The use of evidence-based practices suggests that untreated trauma and grief are related to increased adult recidivism rates (Leach et al., 2008). Therefore, treating psychological distress and untreated symptoms effectively, which involves both screening and treatment that captures subjective experiences, may help to break the cycle of recidivism and in some case sexual offending. [Excerpt]

Keywords: Dental Health Physical Health

Accuracy Verified: Yes

75. Klaff, F. (2007). Children of divorce. In F. Shaprio, F. W. Kaslow, & L. Maxfield (Eds.), Handbook of EMDR and family therapy processes (pp. 284-305). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Much attention has been devoted to examining whether divorce negatively impacts children's psychological adjustment, or whether divorce is now so prevalent that it can be considered a normative transitional event (Kaslow, 1981). Divorce brings many structural and functional changes. These include the logistic and emotional complications of a nonresidential parent, financial disequilibrium, and two systems with differing rules and expectations. Additionally, there are new subsystem components, such as parental figures, step- and half-siblings, and extended families with a potentially motley cast of new characters and different environments impacting the system. What constitutes "family" for children of divorce is often quite different from what is traditionally viewed as the nuclear family. This chapter discusses divorce effects on childhood adjustment; family systems-based treatment of divorce; adaptive information processing model applied to divorce issues; and the therapy process--integrative family therapy and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). Two case examples are presented, followed by a concluding discussion. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing Model Adjustment Children of Divorce Divorce Emotional Adjustment Family Family Systems Family Systems Theory Family Therapy Integrative Family Therapy Integrative Psychotherapy Models Therapy Process

Accuracy Verified: Yes

76. Leeds, A. M., & Korn, D. L. (1998, July). Clinical applications of EMDR in the treatment of adult survivors of childhood abuse and neglect. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Baltimore, MD.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This paper was co-presented with with Deborah L. Korn, Psy.D. In my portion of this presentation I introduced Alan Schore's research on the neurobiological correlates of early trauma and abuse and with implications for treatment stragegy. The presentation covered the use of EMDR, Resource Development and Resource Installation methods across the entire treatment plan. Dr. Korn reviewed treatment principles and adaptations to the EMDR trauma protocol for this population.[Author abstract] Participants will learn how to: 1) apply specific EMDR protocols in each of the three strategies of recovery: stabilization and safety, trauma focused processing, and reconnection and identify development; 2) integrate ego strengthening strategies into a comprehensive EMDR based treatment plan for clients who have limited affect tolerance and self-capacities; 3) apply cognitive interweave strategies to address blocking beliefs and fears about the treatment process; and 4) use EMDR to address maladaptive schemas commonly seen in this population.[Conference Program Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Neglect Sexual Abuse Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

77. Leeds, A. M., & Korn, D. L. (1998, October). Clinical applications of EMDR in the treatment of adult survivors of childhood abuse and neglect. Presentation at The Menninger Clinic, Topeka, KS.

Language: English

Format: Other

Keywords: Abuse Adult Neglect Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

78. Korn, D. (2001, June). Clinical applications of EMDR in treating adult survivors of childhood abuse and neglect. Preconference presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Austin, TX.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop will focus on integrating EMDR into a phase-oriented recovery plan in treating adult survivors of childhood abuse and neglect. EMDR applications with the full range of trauma-related syndromes, including simple and complex PTSD, Borderline Personality Disorder and Dissociative Disorders, will be addressed. Treatment planning and pacing will be discussed in view of presenting problem, attachment style, defenses, and self-capacities. In recognition of clients' rigid, maladaptive schemas, poor impulse control, dissociative tendencies and limited affect tolerance, strategies for modifying and supplementing standard EMDR protocols will be explored, Significant attention will be devoted to integratring EMDR ego strengthening and resource development protocols into all phases of treatment.

Keywords: Borderline Personality Disorder Child Abuse Dissociative Disorders Ego Strengthening Neglect Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PSTD Resource Development

Accuracy Verified: Yes

79. Korn, D. (1997, July). Clinical applications of EMDR in treating survivors of sexual abuse. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Francisco, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Sexual Abuse Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

80. Korn, D. (1996, June). Clinical applications of EMDR in treating survivors of sexual abuse. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
No abstract available.

Keywords: Sexual Abuse Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

81. Sar, V. (2006, June). Clinical consequences of childhood trauma in adulthood [Davetli Konusmaci: Çocukluk çagi travmalarinin eriskinlikteki klinik sonuclari]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Istanbul, Turkey.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Childhood Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

82. Schurmans, K. (2007). A clinical vignette: EMDR treatment of choking phobia. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 1(2), 118-121. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.1.2.118.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
A vignette is a brief case report that makes a contribution to the literature, but which has used only EMDR's standard protocol measures. This vignette describes the treatment of a woman who developed a severe choking phobia following an allergic reaction to a herbal beverage. She was hospitalized on several occasions because of her resultant inability to consume food and liquids. She received four years of various types of treatment for this phobia, including eating disorder treatment, brief psychodynamic therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and psychopharmacological treatment. None were successful in eliminating the disorder. Then when Mary received a course of EMDR treatment, addressing childhood etiological events, there was complete remission of the choking phobia and elimination of all related behaviors. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Anaphylactic Shock Case Report CBT Child Abuse Choking Phobia Cognitive Behaviorial Therapy Eating Disorders Females Phobia Spouse Abuse Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

83. Perry, B. D. (2002, June). Clinical work with maltreated and traumatized children: Evolving innovations in treatment. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Diego, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Building upon the concepts and pricipals outline in the Keynote, clinical implications for the neurodevelopmental understanding of childhood trauma will be presented. Specific assessment processes, treatment planning activities and intervention strategies will be discussed. The use of EMDR and music and movement treatments with traumaitized and maltreated children will be presented.

Keywords: Children Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

84. Keane, T. (1999, November). Cognitive behavior therapy: Different approaches to different trauma populations. In R. Bryant (Chair), Symposium Intervention Research, International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, Miami, FL .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This symposium presents recent findings of treatment outcome studies that have applied cognitive behavior therapy to a variety of trauma populations. Edna Foa presents data on her study that compares prolonged exposure (PE), prolonged exposure combined with cognitive restructuring (PE/CR), and a wait-list control for assault vcitims with PTSD. Initial data suggests that PE and PE/CR show comparably superior benefits in treating PTSD. Annmarie McDonagh-Coyle presents data on a major treatment study of childhood sexual abuse survivors with PTSD. This study compares CBT with Present Centered Therapy and a wait-list control condition. Initial findings point to similar improvements in CBT and PCT groups relative to controls. Claude Chemtob presents data on a community-based study of disaster-affected children who were provided with either indiviudal or group treatment that involved four sessions. At one-year follow-up, 32 children who were still symptomatic were provided with exposure-based therapy that included EMDR. Intervention resulted in symptom reduction and reduced utilization of health resources. Richard Bryant presents preliminary findings of a treatment study of acute stress disorder, which compares CBT, CBT+Hypnosis, and supportive counseling. Initial findings indicate that whereas CBT and CBT+Hypnosis are comparably more effective in preventing PTSD than supporitve counseling, hypnosis is associated with greater reductions in anxiety. As Discussant, Terry Keane integrates these diverse studies in terms of their procedural differences, conceptual overlap, and directions for more emprically based treatments of traumatic stress.

Keywords: CBT Cognitive Behavior Therapy Symposium Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

85. Capps, F. (2006, January). Combining eye movement desensitization and reprocessing with Gestalt techniques in couples counseling. Family Journal, 14(1), 49-58. doi:10.1177/1066480705282055 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is gaining acceptance as efficacious treatment for PTSD for individuals but not for couples. This article reports three case studies of couples in which EMDR is combined with Gestalt therapy in a single session to resolve relational trauma effects, increase empathy and awareness in the supportive partner, and deepen intimacy within the couple. Case studies are described, and implications for research and clinical applications are discussed. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Americans Couples Therapy Family Therapy Gestalt Therapy Nonclinical Case Study Qualitative Study Perpetrators Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Spouse Abuse Survivors Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

86. Davis, N. (1998, July). Combining visual imagery and EMDR to treat traumatic symptoms of rape, child abuse, and sudden loss of a loved one. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Baltimore, MD.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will learn: 1) how to use visual imagery are a part of EMDR with rape victims who are terrified of their rapist; 2) how to use visual imagery as a part of EMDR with adults, adoelscents, and children who have been abused as a way of empowering them; and 3) how to implant a positive memory of a loved one who died suddenly once EMDR has eliminated the negative flashbacks or images associated wth death.

Keywords: Child Abuse Loss Rape Visual Imagery

Accuracy Verified: Yes

87. Davidson, M. M., Potter, A. E., & Wesselmann, R. D. (2010, September/October). Comparing dialectical behavior therapy to eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: A phase-based trauma treatment pilot project. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Internation Association, Minneapolis, MN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
• More effective methods to treat adults affected by childhood trauma, disturbed attachments, and adulthood intimate partner violence are critically needed. • Research utilizing Adult Attachment Interview (Hess, 1999) had found that when mothers hold unresolved memories of loss or childhood abuse, their children typically develop disorganized attachments and that when mothers are poorly or inconsistently responsive to their children’s cues, the children typically develop insecure attachments • A history of abuse by childhood attachment figures also increases the likelihood of becoming involved in domestic violence experiences in adulthood for both sexes (Gratz, 2009; Henderson et al, 2005) • Previous research has demonstrated that attachment experiences influence emotional functioning and vulnerability to emotion dysregulation (Critchheld et al, 2008). Numerous empirical works demonstrate the relationship between attachment style and aggression (e. g., Sockwaite et al, 2002; Henderson et al, 2005) • Emotion dysregulation and problems with impulse control and unstable relationships are common symptoms associated with childhood abuse by attachment figures (Fonagy, 1997; Bhipman et al, 2005) • Funding more effective treatment for problems in functioning related to childhood trauma and attachment issues is imperative. Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) are two approaches that have proven beneficial in treating individuals with borderline personality disorders and trauma, respectively, and thus, could prove beneficial as treatment modalities for childhood trauma and attachment problems • The current investigation is a pilot study aimed at evaluating a treatment protocol aimed at effectively assisting adults with a history of childhood abuse and/or intimate partner violence to regulate emotions, resolve childhood trauma, move toward a healthier and more secure attachment status, and reduce the risk of repeating the cycle of violence and child abuse. More specifically, this pilot project evaluated a phase-based trauma treatment program that included (a) a year-long, initial emotion regulation skills-training phases utilizing DBT and (b) a second phase of either 10 individual sessions of EMDR or 10 individual session focused on further DBT skills training

Keywords: DBT Dialectical Behavior Therapy Poster

Accuracy Verified: Yes

88. Jaberghaderi, N., Dolatabadi, S., Zand, S. O., Greenwald, R., & Rubin, A. (2002, June). A comparison of CBT and EMDR for sexually abused girls in Iran. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Diego, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: CBT Cognitive Behaviorial Therapy Iran Poster Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

89. Jaberghaderi, N., Greenwald, R., Rubin, A., Zand, S. O., & Dolatabadim, S. (2004, September-October). A comparison of CBT and EMDR for sexually abused Iranian girls. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 11(5), 358-368. doi:10.1002/cpp.395.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
14 randomly assigned Iranian girls ages 12-13 years who had been sexually abused received up to 12 sessions of CBT or EMDR treatment. Assessment of post-traumatic stress symptoms and problem behaviours was completed at pre-treatment and 2 weeks post-treatment. Both treatments showed large effect sizes on the post-traumatic symptom outcomes, and a medium effect size on the behaviour outcome, all statistically significant. A non-significant trend on self-reported post-traumatic stress symptoms favoured EMDR over CBT. Treatment efficiency was calculated by dividing change scores by number of sessions; EMDR was significantly more efficient, with large effect sizes on each outcome. Limitations include small N, single therapist for each treatment condition, no independent verification of treatment fidelity, and no long-term follow-up. These findings suggest that both CBT and EMDR can help girls to recover from the effects of sexual abuse, and that structured trauma treatments can be applied to children in Iran. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Brief Psychotherapy CBT Child Abuse Cogntiive Behavorial Therapy Cognitive Therapy Elementary School Students Empirical Study Females Incest Iranians Manual-Based Treatments Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Preadolescents PTSD Quantitative Study Rape Random Clinical Trial RCT Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

90. Jaberghaderi, N., Greenwald, R., Rubin, A., Dolatabadi, S., & Zand, S. O. (2002, November). A comparison of CBT and EMDR for sexually abused Iranian girls. Poster presented at the 18th annual meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, Baltimore, MD.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Fourteen randomly assigned Iranian girls ages 12-13 who had been sexually abused received up to 12 sessions of CBT or EMDR treatment.Assessment of post-traumatic stress symptoms and problem behaviors were completed at pre-treatment and 2 weeks post-treatment. Both treatments showed very large effect sizes on the post-traumatic symptom outcomes, and a modest effect size on the behavior outcome, all statistically significant. A non-significant trend on self-reported post-traumatic stress symptoms favored EMDR over CBT.Treatment efficiency was calculated by dividing effect size by number of sessions; EMDR was significantly more efficient. Limitations include small N, single therapist for each treatment condition, and lack of long-term followup. These findings suggest that both CBT and EMDR can help girls to recover from the effects of sexual abuse, and that structured trauma treatments can be applied to children in other cultures.

Keywords: CBT Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Girls Iran Poster Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

91. Oncley, P. R. (1992). A comparison of eye movement desensitization and implosion-like therapy with adult victims of sexual abuse. Fuller Theological Seminary, Pasadena, CA. AAT 9302718.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing is a recently developed technique that has been reported in the literature to be effective in treating many of the symptoms associated with PTSD. This study investigated the role of saccadic eye movements in this technique by utilizing a multiple-baseline, across subjects design with 4 adult victims of childhood sexual abuse.Eye movement desensitization conditions (EMD) were compared to non saccadic eye movement conditions (NM) utilizing a Latin square design over one treatment session. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID-R) and the PTSD module of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III (SCID) were used for initial diagnosis and screening. Treatment effectiveness between the intervention phase and 1 week follow-up was assessed using the Impact of Event Scale (IES) and the PTSD Symptom Checklist. Skin conductance response (SCR), heart rate, and subjective units of distress (SUDS) were assessed during pretreatment, treatment, posttreatment, and follow-up phases. Results showed no significant differences across subjects among SCR, heart rate, and SUDS between the EMD and NM conditions. IES and PTSD Symptom Checklist follow-up data showed symptom improvement for 3 of the 4 subjects. One subject's intrusive symptoms worsened. All subjects displayed less physiological reactivity to the traumatic imagery at follow-up. Mechanisms that contribute to the effectiveness of EMD and recommendations for future study were discussed. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Arousal Child Abuse Exposure Therapy Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

92. Jaberghaderi, N., Dolatabadi, S., & Zand, S. O. (2002, Winter). A comparison of eye movement desensitzation and reprocessing and stress inoculation training (SIT) for sexually abused girls. Advances in Cognitive Science, 3(4), 16-26.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Fourteen sexually abused girls aged 12-13, were randomly assigned to receive either EMDR or SIT. Participants and their parents completed Child Report of Post Traumatic Symptoms (CROPS), and Parent Report of Post Traumatic Symptoms (PROPS), pre and post treatment. Results indicated that there was significant influence only on the PROPS. But there was a significant impact on both these instrument (CROPS & PROPS), with EMDR. In evaluating CROPS and PROPS, factor analysis with SIT illustrated that, externalizing and internalizing symptoms in PROPS and avoidance thoughts and behaviors in CROPS were treated. Further the results gathered from factor analysis with EMDR, showed that internalizing and somatic symptoms in PROPS and self harm, depression feelings and also somatic symptoms in CROPS improved as well. Clinical findings also suggested that EMDR and SIT did not have any significant differences in treating posttraumatic symptoms. Factor analysis found that, EMDR was more effective than SIT in treating somatic symptoms of sexually abused girls.

Keywords: Iran Sexual Abuse SIT Stress Inocculation Training

Accuracy Verified: Yes

93. Kluft, R. P. (1995,December). The confirmation and disconfirmation of memories of abuse in DID patients: A naturalistic clinical study. Dissociation, 8(4), 253-258.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The charts of 34 dissociative identity disorder (DID) patients in treatment with the author were reviewed for instances of the confirmation or disconfirmation of recalled episodes of abuse occurring naturalistically in the course of their psychotherapies. Nineteen, or 56 %, had instances of the confirmation of recalled abuses . Ten of the 19, or 53 %, had always recalled the abuses that were ronfirrned. However, 13 of the 19, or 68%, obtained documentation . of events that were recovered in the course of therapy, usually with the use of hypnosis. Three patients, or 9%, had instances in which the inaccuracy of their recollection could be demonstrated. The forgetting oftraumatic experiences, their reasonably accurate recovery in treatment, and the formation of pseudomemories in clinical populations were all documented in this study . This suggests that stances that are either extremely credulous of retrieved recollections or extremely skeptical of retrieved recollections are inconsistent with clinical data, and therefore are not constructive influences on the contemporary scientifi c study of trauma and memory. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Abuse DID Dissociative Identity Disorder Memories

Accuracy Verified: Yes

94. Staff. (2000, September 2). Confronting the past. London, England: The Times, Features.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
From Dr Aulakh It may be that Andrew Ravensdale has had enough of "therapy" (The Last Taboo, August 19). However, he might be interested to learn about EMDR - Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing, first discovered by Francine Shapiro. It is a method for treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), specifically dealing with early childhood as it is known to affect the present, and also with flashbacks.

Keywords: General Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

95. Hase, M. (2009). CravEx: An EMDR approach to treat substance abuse and addiction. In M. Luber (Ed.), Eye movement desensitization (EMDR) scripted protocols: Special populations (pp. 467-488). New York: Springer Publishing Co.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Keywords: Addiction CravEx Protocol Substance Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

96. Singer, M. T., & Lalich, J. (1996). Crazy therapies: What are they? Do they work?. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Language: English

Format: Book

Abstract:
The relationship between patient and therapist is unique in important ways when compared to relationships between clients and other professionals such as physicians, dentists, attorneys, and accountants. The key difference is present from first contact: it is not clearly understood exactly what will transpire. There is no other professional relationship in which consumers are more in the dark than when they first go to see a therapist. In other fields, the public is fairly well informed about what the professional does. Tradition, the media, and general experience have provided consumers with a baseline by which to judge what transpires. If you break your arm, the orthopedist explains she will take an X ray and set the bone; she tells you something about how long the healing will take if all goes well and gives you an estimate of the cost. When you go to a dentist, you expect him to look at your teeth, take a history, explain what was noted, and recommend a course of treatment with an estimate of time and cost. Your accountant will focus on bookkeeping, tax reports, and finances, and help you deal with regulatory agencies. Consumers enter these relationships expecting that the training, expertise, and ethical obligations of the professional will keep the client's best interests foremost. Both the consumer and the professional are aware of each person's role, and it is generally expected that the professional will stick to doing what he or she is trained to do. The consumer does not expect his accountant to lure him into accepting a new cosmology of how the world works or to "channel" financial information from "entities" who lived thousands of years ago; or for his dentist to induce him to believe that the status of his teeth was affected by an extraterrestrial experimenting on him. Nor does the patient expect the orthopedist to lead him to think the reason he fell and broke his arm was because he was under the influence of a secret satanic cult. But seeing a therapist is a far different situation for the consumer. In the field of psychotherapy there is no relatively agreed upon body of knowledge, no standard procedures that a client can expect. There are no national regulatory bodies, and not every state has governing boards or licensing agencies. There are many types and levels of practitioners. Often the client knows little or nothing at all about what type of therapy a particular therapist "believes in" or what the therapist is really going to be doing in the relationship with the client. In meeting a therapist for the first time, most consumers are almost as blind as a bat about what will transpire between the two of them. At most, they might think they will probably talk to the therapist and perhaps get some feedback or suggestions for treatment. What clients might not be aware of is the gamut of training, the idiosyncratic notions, and the odd practices that they may be exposed to by certain practitioners. Consumers are a vulnerable and trusting lot. And because of the special, unpredictable nature of the therapeutic relationship, it is easy for them to be taken advantage of. This makes it all the more incumbent on therapists to be especially ethical and aware of the power their role carries in our society. The misuse and abuse of power is one of the central factors in what goes wrong. Questions to Ask Your Prospective Therapist Ultimately, a therapist is a service provider who sells a service. A prospective client should feel free to ask enough questions to be able to make an informed decision about whether to hire a particular therapist. We have provided a general list of questions to ask a prospective therapist, but feel free to ask whatever you need to know in order to make a proper evaluation. Consider interviewing several therapists before settling on one, just as you might in purchasing any product. Draw up your list of questions before phoning or going in for your first appointment. We recommend that you ask these questions in a phone interview first, so that you can weed out unlikely candidates and save yourself the time and expense of initial visits that don't go anywhere. If during the process a therapist continues to ask you, "Why do you ask?" or acts as though your questioning reflects some defect in you, think carefully before signing up. Those types of responses will tell you a lot about the entire attitude this person will express toward you - that is, that you are one down and he is one up, and that furthermore you are quaint to even ask the "great one" to explain himself. If you are treated with disdain for asking about what you are buying, think ahead: how could this person lead you to feel better, plan better, or have more self-esteem if he begins by putting you down for being an alert consumer? Remember, you may be feeling bad and even desperate, but there are thousands of mental health professionals, so if this one is not right, keep on phoning and searching.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

97. Leeds, A. M. (2007, June). Criteria for assuring appropriate clinical use and avoiding misuse of resource development and installation when treating complex posttraumatic stress syndromes. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The consensus model of treatment for patients with complex posttraumatic syndromes emphasizes assuring adequate stabilization before and during uncovering and resolving of traumatic memories (Brown, Scheflin, & Hammond, 1998; Chu, 1998; Courtois, 1999; Hart, Nijenhius, Steele, 2006). Resource Development and Installation (RDI) has been described in a series of published case reports as an effective stabilizing intervention for adult survivors of adverse childhood experiences (Korn & Leeds, 2202; Leeds, 1997, 1998, 2001b; Leeds & Shapiro, 2000; Popky, 2005). These clinical case reports of RDI have been described observed decreases in intense shame, depersonalization, angry outbursts, self-injurious behaviors, compulsive eating, obsessive self-critical thoughts, persistent negative emotional states (misery), sexual acting out, and substance abuse. There are now several published procedural descriptions (Korn & Leeds, 2002; Leeds, 2001; Leeds & Shapiro, 2000) and a summary in the standard reference text on EMDR (Shapiro, 2001).
The growing use of RDI by EMDR trained clinicians has been followed by reports indicating that a significant number of patients with post traumatic stress syndromes who meet standard EMDR readiness criteria for ego strength and stability have been persistently offered RDI without being offered standard EMDR reprocessing. EMDR has been shown to produce stable, enduring treatment effects for symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder. RDI has not. Until recently (Korn et al, 2004; Leeds, 2005, 2006; Shapiro, 2004) little attention has been given to assuring appropriate use and avoiding misuse of RDI. This presentation will describe serious clinical and professional issues in continuing to offer RDI over repeated treatment sessions to patients with posttraumatic stress syndromes who meet or achieve readiness criteria for standard EMDR reprocessing and in failing to offer or in excessively delaying EMDR reprocessing.
This presentation will clarify and review specific criteria for identifying: for which patients (1) and clinical situations (2) the use of RDI is indicated; for which patients and clinical situations (3) RDI should be offered cautiously, if at al, but alternate stabilization methods should be considered; and for which patients (4) RDI should not be offered but where standard EMDR processing should be offered without delay. An overview of RDI procedural steps will be presented (5) to clarify its clinical application. Strategies will be offered to address technical, clinical and countertransference issues that may b associated with misuse or excessive use of RDI. A series of ten clinical vignettes will be presented to illustrate appropriate clinical use, clinical cautions and misuse of RDI.

Keywords: Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Complex PTSD C-PTSD RDI Resource Development and Installation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

98. Stowasser, J., Brown, S., & Zabukovec, J. (2011, August). The crucible of trauma: Domestic violence, substance abuse, and the military. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Orange County, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Untreated trauma and PTSD are believed to underlie substance abuse (SA) and domestic violence (DV). Some military personnel attempt to manage their PTSD with the use of DV tactics and SA, causing harm to themselves and others. Workshop participants will be able to broadly define DV, the Cycle of Violence and The Apology, and adapt them for use with EMDR; screen for substance abuse, conceptualize cases and plan treatment; understand how military experience contributes to post-traumatic stress including DV and SA; and dovetail this knowledge into the EMDR Model as an integrated, phased, trauma treatment approach.

Keywords: Apology Cycle of Violence Domestic Violence Military Substance Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

99. Kluft, R. P. (2003). Current issues in dissociative identity disorder. Bridging Eastern and Western Psychiatry, 1(1), 71-87.

Language: English

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), formerly Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD), remains among the most challenging of mental disorders. It is difficult to understand, to diagnose, to treat, to discuss objectively in the face of the many controversies that swirl around it. It remains a condition that requires intensive individual psychotherapy for its satisfactory resolution. The controversies that have surrounded DID have often obscured the progress that has been made. DID is emerging as a not uncommon consequence of overwhelming childhood events. The major challenges facing the treatment of DID are disentangling this condition and its therapy from the controversies that swirl about them, encouraging the more widespread use of specific diagnostic approaches, educating managed care organizations to accept standards of care for DID that are based upon those treatment approaches that are effective, making specific treatments for DID more available, and continuing to develop more successful approaches for the more difficult-to-treat DID subgroups of DID patients.

Keywords: Dissociative Identity Disorder DID MPD Multiple Personality Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

100. van der Kolk, B. A. (1997, July). Current understanding of the psychobiology of trauma. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Francisco, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Trauma as an etiological agent in the genesis of psychopathology was largely ignored between the end of the second world war and the end of the Vietnam war, forty years later. Trauma-based psychiatric problems were generally dismissed, as exemplified by the above quote about the impact of childhood sexual abuse in the leading textbook of psychiatry in 1972. In the wake of the Vietnam war the diagnosis of PTSD was constructed for inclusion in the DSM-Ill in order to capture the psychopathology associated with traumatization in adults. However, over the years, it has become clear that in clinical settings the majority of treatment seeking patients have been exposed to a range of different traumatic events over their life-span, and suffer from a variety of psychological problems that are not included in the diagnosis of PTSD. These include depression and self-hatred, dissociation and depersonalization, selfdestructive behaviors, problems with close relations and an impairment in the capacity to experience pleasure, satisfaction and 'fun'. These other problems are generally relegated to the status of "co-morbid conditions", rather than being recognized as part of a spectrum of extremely treatment resistant trauma- related problems that occur depending on the age at which the trauma occurred, the relationship to the agent responsible for the trauma, social support received and the duration of the traumatic experience(s).

Keywords: Psychobiology

Accuracy Verified: Yes

101. Mazorati, C., & Bonardi, A. (2008, Novembre). Dal DSM IV all’EMDR: Dalla diagnosi psichiatrica alla relazione di aiuto: riflessioni e ipotesi di integrazione [From DSM IV to EMDR: From diagnosis to report psychiatric help: Ideas and assumptions of integration]. Poster presentato al Applicazioni Cliniche dell'EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Le autrici ,una psichiatra e una psicologa riflettono sulla loro esperienza con EMDR. Prendono lo spunto da due casi di abuso sessuale in famiglia vissute da bambine da due loro pazienti, anche se il motivo iniziale della richiesta di aiuto era stato un altro. Nel primo caso la paziente si era presentata su richiesta del suo medico curante per la presenza di una sintomatologia depressiva vissuta dalla stessa come “pesante”, “invalidante” e che la portava a voler uscire in fretta dalla situazione depressiva. Rispetto alla sintomatologia si è lavorato in termini di psicoeducazione della depressione come sindrome si è mantenuto un atteggiamento di ascolto e di attenzione ai vari disagi lamentati dalla paziente. Tale modalità nella relazione terapeutica ha permesso alla paziente di “prendere coraggio” e di raccontare il segrete che si portava dentro di un tentativo di abuso che in famiglia era stato negato. Si è quindi Utilizzato l’EMDR per aiutarla a liberarsi dai fantasmi del passato. Nel secondo caso, la richiesta era di aiuto psicologico per un disagio relazionale non ben identificato, ma che aveva prodotto nella paziente un graduale impoverimento delle risorse, un atteggiamento “depressivo” nei confronti della propria esistenza e nella coppia problematiche sessuali. E’ stata quindi presa in carico la coppia, associato ad un trattamento individuale alla paziente e utilizzando l’EMDR quale strumento atto a risolvere le angosce delle molestie subite. In entrambe le pazienti, dopo trattamento con EMDR, si è assistito ad cambiamento significativo del tono dell’umore, un aumento della stima si sé , un aumento della loro capacità difensiva e del rispetto verso se stesse, ma soprattutto si è notato una accettazione del passato che, proprio perché ormai le rendeva libere finalmente di vivere il presente con il proprio sé.

The authors, a psychiatrist and a psychologist reflect on their experience with EMDR. Taking the cue from two cases of sexual abuse in the family experienced as children by two of their patients, even if motive of the request for aid was another. In the first case the patient had presented at the request of his doctor to the presence of depressive symptoms experienced by herself as "heavy", "disability" and that led to want to exit quickly from depressive situation. Compared to the symptoms you have worked in psychoeducation for depression as a syndrome has maintained an attitude of listening and attention to the various inconveniences complained of by the patient. This mode in the therapeutic relationship has enabled the patient to "take courage" and to tell the secret that was within an attempt to abuse in the family had been denied. Was then used EMDR to help get rid of ghosts of the past. In the second case, the request was for a psychological relationship distress is not well identified, but the patient had produced a gradual depletion of resources, a attitude "depression" to its own existence and problems in the couple orientation. It 'was then taken over the couple, combined with individual treatment to patient and using EMDR as a tool to resolve the anxieties of the harassment. In both patients, after treatment with EMDR, there has been significant change mood, increased self-esteem is an increase in their defensive ability and respect for themselves, but mainly it was noted that an acceptance of the past, precisely because now finally made them free to live the present with the self.

Keywords: Practrice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

102. Scharwachter, P. (2001). De behandeling van een vrouw met meermalige traumatisering in één zitting met emdr Behandeling meermalige traumatisering [The treatment of a woman with multiple trauma with EMDR treatment session in a multiple trauma]. Directieve Therapie, 21(3), 210-218. doi:10.1007/BF03060258.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
In de literatuur over Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (emdr ) wordt bericht dat een succesvolle traumabehandeling in één therapiezitting mogelijk is. Dit geldt met name voor eenmalige traumatisering. Dit artikel belicht een succesvolle traumabehandeling met emdr, in één zitting van anderhalf uur, bij een vrouw die in haar adolescentie herhaaldelijk seksueel is misbruikt. Bij de twee follow-ups na twee weken en zes maanden bleven de behandelingsresultaten gehandhaafd.

The literature on Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is reported that a successful trauma treatment in a therapy session is possible. This is particularly true for single traumatization. This article highlights a successful EMDR trauma treatment, within a half hour session, a woman who repeatedly sexually abused her adolescence. In two follow-ups after two weeks and six months the treatment results were maintained.

Keywords: Case Study Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

103. van der Vleugel, B. (2013, April). De behandeling van PTSS bij mensen met een psychotische stoornis [The treatment of PTSD in people with a psychotic disorder]. In Onderzoek track 1 and 2. Presentatie op Het congres EMDR Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Nijmegen, Nederland.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Trauma is een risicofactor voor het ontwikkelen van psychose. Het hebben van een ernstige psychiatrische aandoening verhoogt de kans op het ontwikkelen van een co-morbide posttraumatische stress stoornis. Desondanks wordt een co-morbide PTSS zelden gediagnostiseerd en wanneer dit wél gebeurt is behandeling van deze PTSS bepaald niet vanzelfsprekend. Behandelaren vrezen vaak dat het openlijk bespreken van traumatische levenservaringen zal leiden tot decompensatie, heropname, middelenmisbruik, zelfbeschadigend gedrag en / of suïcidaliteit. Ondertussen werken de PTSS klachten als olie op het vuur van de psychose. Omdat mensen met psychotische klachten over het algemeen werden uitgesloten van deelname aan onderzoek naar de effecten van PTSS behandeling was lang niet bekend of psychologische behandeling conform de Richtlijn Angststoornissen ook bij deze populatie veilig en effectief is. Hier begint verandering in te komen. In deze presentatie komen achtereenvolgens aan bod: - De resultaten van een pilot onderzoek naar de effecten van EMDR bij mensen met een psychotische stoornis en een co-morbide PTSS (Van den Berg & Van der Gaag, 2012). - De resultaten van een gecontroleerde multiple baseline study naar de effecten van EMDR en Prolonged Exposure bij mensen met een psychotische stoornis en een comorbide PTSS (De Bont, Van Minnen & De Jongh, submitted). - De opzet en eerste bevindingen van het onderzoeksproject Treating Trauma in Psychosis (T.TIP), een multicenter RCT naar de behandeling van PTSS bij mensen met een psychotische Trauma is a risk factor for the development of psychosis. Having a severe psychiatric condition increases the chance of the development of a co-morbid post-traumatic stress disorder. Nevertheless, a co-morbid PTSD rarely diagnosed and when this happens, treatment of these PTSD determined not obvious. Clinicians often fear that openly discussing traumatic life experiences will lead to decompensation, reuptake, substance abuse, self-injurious behavior and / or suicidality. Meanwhile, the PTSD symptoms as fuel to the fire of the psychosis. Because people with psychotic symptoms were generally excluded from research into the effects of PTSD treatment was long unknown or psychological treatment in accordance with Directive Anxiety disorders also in this population safely and effective. Here begins to be changing. This presentation will subsequently be discussed: - The results of a pilot study on the effects of EMDR in people with a psychotic disorder and comorbid PTSD (Van den Berg and Van der Gaag, 2012) . - The results of a controlled multiple baseline study on the effects of EMDR and Prolonged Exposure to people with a psychotic disorder and comorbid PTSD (De Bont, Van Minnen & De Jongh, submitted). - The design and initial findings of the research Treating Trauma in Psychosis (T.TIP), a multicenter RCT on the treatment of PTSD in people with a psychotic disorder (De Bont et al, submittedstoornis (De Bont et al., submitted).

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress DIsorder PSTD Psychotic Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

104. Leenarts, L. E. W., Doreleijers, Th. A. H., Lindauer, R. J. L., Lodewijks, H. P. B., & Vermeiren, R. R. J. M. (2011, April). De effectiviteit van een traumabehandeling bij getraumatiseerde meisjes in gesloten jeugdinstellingen [The effectiveness of trauma treatment in traumatized girls in closed juvenile institutions]. Symposia op het 39ste Voorjaarscongres Nederlandse Vereniging voor Psychiatrie, Amsterdam .

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Achtergrond: Uit onderzoek blijkt dat in jeugdzorginstellingen geplaatste meisjes vaak getraumatiseerd zijn en mede hierdoor ernstige problemen vertonen in het verdere leven. Onderzoek (Hamerlynck 2008) toont aan dat 85% van de meisjes een of meer trauma’s heeft meegemaakt en dat dit gerelateerd is aan zowel openlijke als heimelijke agressie. Hieruit blijkt de noodzaak om meisjes in jeugdzorginstellingen bij opname te onderzoeken op trauma en agressie, ze te behandelen en om traumabehandelingen te onderzoeken op hun effectiviteit en op de gevolgen op lange termijn. Doel: Het doel van het huidige onderzoek is de effecten vast te stellen van een traumabehandeling bij meisjes die in een jeugdzorg-plusinstelling geplaatst zijn. De behandeling die geëvalueerd wordt, is een stabilisatiefase (met als doel het reduceren van traumagerelateerde klachten) aangevuld met eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (emdr). Methoden: Gebruik wordt gemaakt van een quasi-experimenteel onderzoeksdesign. De experimentele groep bestaat uit meisjes die hebben deelgenomen aan de stabilisatiefase gevolgd door emdr. De controlegroep bestaat uit meisjes die treatment as usual (tau) ontvangen. Verschillende meetmomenten zullen plaatsvinden. De Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ( ctq) wordt gebruikt om traumageschiedenis te onderzoeken en de Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children (tscc) wordt gebruikt om traumaklachten te bevragen. Resultaten: Tijdens het Voorjaarscongres zullen de eerste resultaten bekend zijn en gepresenteerd worden. Conclusie: Op basis van literatuur kan verondersteld worden dat een geprotocolleerde stabilisatiefase gevolgd door emdr effectiever is in de reductie van traumagerelateerde klachten dan tau bij meisjes in gesloten jeugdzorginstellingen.

Background: Research shows that girls are often placed in youth welfare institutions traumatized and because of this serious exhibit problems later in life. Research (Hamerlynck 2008) shows that 85% of the one or more girls experienced trauma and that this is related to both overt and covert aggression. This highlights the need to girls in child welfare institutions in recording research on trauma and aggression, treat them and trauma treatments to investigate their effectiveness and the long-term consequences. Purpose: The aim of the present study to determine the effects of trauma treatment girls in a youth-plus set placed. The treatment evaluated, a stabilization phase (with the aim of reducing trauma-related symptoms) supplemented with Eye Movement Desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR). Methods: Use is made of a quasi-experimental research design. The experimental group consists of girls who have participated in the stabilization phase followed by EMDR. The control group consists of girls that treatment as usual (TAU) received. Various measurement points will occur. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) is used to examine trauma history and the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children (TSCC) is used to search for trauma symptoms. Results: During the Spring Congress the first results are known and presented. Conclusion: Based on literature can believed that food allergies stabilization phase followed by EMDR is more effective in reducing trauma-related symptoms than tau girls in secure youth institutions.

Keywords: Girls Juvenile Insitutions Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

105. Reno, J. (2010, October 14). Debate rages on how to treat PTSD, the signature wound of this war. Home Post, The Military in San Diego.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
While it’s invisible to the naked eye, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has become the signature wound of the fighting in Iraq and Afghanistan and has already had a negative impact on hundreds of thousands of American soldiers and their families.

Keywords: Afghanistan Depression Dr. Adrienne McFadd Drug Abuse Homelessness Iraq Life in the Military Matthew Kiernan Michael Schindler Newsweek Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD San Diego Spouses & Families Suicide VA Secretary Eric Shinseki Veterans Veterans Administration War Virtual Reality

Accuracy Verified: Yes

106. Berendsen, S. & de Jongh, A. (2006, November). Debriefing of EMDR: Praten en afwachten, of verwerking versnellen? [Debriefing and EMDR: Talking and wait, or processing speed?]. Presentatie aan de tweede congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Arnhem, Netherland.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In de afgelopen 20 jaar is het aanvankelijke enthousiasme over debriefing en andere vormen van opvang na schokkende gebeurtenissen onder invloed van wisselende onderzoeksresultaten behoorlijk getemperd doordat de effectiviteit steeds meer ter discussie kwam te staan. De inleiders zullen een overzicht geven van de verschillende vormen van vroege hulp na schokkende gebeurtenissen en uiteenzetten hoe men hierbij geconfronteerd werd met het volgende dilemma: • Aan de ene kant mogen interventies het natuurlijke verwerkingsproces niet belemmeren. Zo kan het stimuleren van slachtoffers om direct over hun gedachten en gevoelens te praten conform het CISD (Critical Incident Stress Debriefing) model van Mitchell (1983) het risico vergroten dat zij overweldigd worden door de ervaring, hetgeen contraproductief kan werken. Omdat de meeste mensen (70 à 80 %) op eigen kracht herstellen raden de invloedrijke NICE richtlijnen uit 2005 ‘watchfull waiting’ aan: het monitoren van het beloop van de posttraumatische stressreacties bij slachtoffers en het therapeutisch interveniëren wanneer een diagnosticeerbare stoornis tot ontwikkeling komt. • Aan de andere kant zal zo vroeg mogelijk hulp geboden moeten worden aan zogenaamde ‘hoog-risico’ slachtoffers: dit zijn mensen waarvan direct duidelijk is dat ze niet zo maar op eigen kracht zullen herstellen. Vroege hulp is erop gericht om het lijden te bekorten en de ontwikkeling van secundaire problemen te voorkomen (zoals werkverzuim c.q.-verlies, relatieproblemen en middelenmisbruik). De inleiders stellen dat niet afgewacht moet worden totdat na 4 weken een PTSS gediagnosticeerd kan worden en dan pas therapeutisch te interveniëren. Bediscussieerd zal worden hoe vroeg na een schokkende gebeurtenis (enkele dagen tot weken) bij indringende herbelevingen (nare beelden met hoge SUD nivo’s) EMDR effectief ingezet kan worden (dit zal geïllustreerd worden met casuïstiek en videobeelden). Het doel is om bij de ‘laag risico’ mensen het natuurlijke verwerkingsproces te versnellen en bij de ‘hoog risico’ mensen een verwerkingstoornis te voorkomen.

Over the past 20 years, the initial enthusiasm for debriefing and other forms of relief after shocking events under the influence of changing research properly tempered by the effectiveness is increasingly being called on them. The speakers will give an overview of the various forms of early support after traumatic events and explain how this was confronted with the following dilemma: • On the one hand, the interventions do not impede natural process. Thus, encouraging victims to direct their thoughts and feelings to talk according to the CISD (Critical Incident Stress Debriefing) model of Mitchell (1983) increase the risk that they are overwhelmed by the experience, which is counter-productive work. Because most people (70 to 80%) on its own restore suggest the influential NICE guidelines 2005 'watchful waiting' to: monitoring the course of posttraumatic stress reactions in victims and therapeutic intervention when a diagnosable disorder develops. • On the other hand, as early as possible should be offered help in so-called high-risk victims, these are people whose right it is clear that not just on their own recovery. Early help is designed to minimize suffering and to the development of secondary problems occur (such as absenteeism or loss, relationship problems and substance abuse). The speakers that should not wait until 4 weeks after a diagnosis of PTSD can be and then therapeutic intervention. Discussed will be how soon after a shocking event (several days to weeks) in penetrating reliving (unpleasant images with high levels SUD's) EMDR can be used effectively (this will be illustrated with case studies and video). The goal is to "low risk" people's natural process to speed up and at 'high risk' people to avoid a processing disorder.

Keywords: Debriefing

Accuracy Verified: Yes

107. Forgash, C. A. (2005, June). Deepening EMDR treatment effects across the trauma spectrum: Integrating EMDR and ego state work. Föreningen EMDR Sverige, EMDR Tidningen, 7(2), 6-14.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
The concepts, interventions, and techniques presented in this workshop are culled from theory and techniques of working with the range of the dissociative disorders). They have proved to be an effective addition to the preparation stage of the EMDR protocol. In other words, they can be used with clients who dissociate under certain conditions but do not have a dissociative disorder Most of the traumatized clients seen for EMDR treatment have a range of dissociative symptoms as well as symptoms of PTSD. This combination of PTSD and a dissociative disorder is often labeled DDNOS. However, people with a more complex variety of PTSD usually have experienced very early and enduring severe physical or sexual abuse (generally perpetrated by a family member), atrocities, war, or severe environmental disruption such as earthquakes. They are more accurately diagnosed with disorders of extreme stress (DESNOS). For these clients, the dissociated neural networks, or dissociative fragmentation, cause serious problems in adult life. The adaptive information processing system is on hold for these dissociated fragments or parts. They are easily triggered by internal or external cues to which they can have extreme reactions, (flashbacks, amnesia, losing time and place, and so forth.) Our goal as therapists is to use EMDR to help clients (and their internal dissociated neural networks or parts) find stability and resources to function adaptively in their present life, and then desensitize and reprocess the dissociated trauma memories and the PTSD symptoms. We aim to help our clients manage their symptoms. It is not our goal to eliminate dissociation, which has been a major survival strategy, but to help the client utilize it with conscious control. It is important to note that attachment issues are an aspect of development that are especially impacted by trauma. The attachment styles of the family pre trauma may have already affected the client in negative ways, impacting the client's resources and responses to trauma. One way to look at this set of problems is to utilize two approaches in the preparation phase of EMDR. These approaches combine the treatment of dissociative symptoms with ego state work and are an essential aspect of treating these clients with EMDR. This work may extend the preparation phase considerably, but will add safety and structure to the trauma processing experiences for these clients.

Keywords: Ego State Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

108. Torres, R. V. (2012, Novembro). Depressão por parto na adoção: A cura pelo EMDR [Partum depression after adoption: The EMDR cure]. In Casos Clínicos I. Apresentação no II Congresso Brasileiro de EMDR, Brasília, Brasil.

Language: Portuguese

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Esse trabalho tem o objetivo de apresentar um caso clínico, de uma paciente de 46 anos, no período de adaptação da adoção de uma criança de cinco anos. As dificuldades apresentadas inicialmente eram relacionadas: à vinculação afetiva materna, ao exercício dos cuidados físicos e afetivos com a criança, ao exercício e à percepção do papel materno, aliados a fortes sintomas somáticos. Com a existência de grande desejo de ser mãe, há 15 anos fazia tratamento para engravidar. A adoção não representava um tabu para a mesma. No entanto, a infância vinha à tona com frequência e representava grande parte de seu sofrimento: sua mãe estava com 46 anos quando de seu nascimento e, desde então, fora acometida de enfermidades por toda sua vida, impedindo a realização de cuidados físicos e afetivos para com ela. Foram realizadas 20 sessões de EMDR e as experiências traumáticas da relação mãe x filha, bem como os medos de repetir a história passada, foram processados a uma resolução adaptativa, que permitiram a assimilação de suas lembranças passadas e a incorporação de padrões para experiências positivas, possibilitando a oportunidade de ampliar conexões com redes positivas. As memórias armazenadas que serviam de base para percepção, atitudes e comportamentos foram reprocessadas e, com isso, os sintomas físicos foram extintos, de maneira a permitir que a paciente assumisse uma nova postura frente à maternidade. A percepção sobre sua mãe foi alterada e conseguiu trazer à tona bons momentos de sua infância com a mãe. Também foi reprocessada uma situação relacionada ao perdão mútuo. A paciente hoje vive o processo de maternidade forma saudável e feliz, e 04 meses após o encerramento das sessões, adotou um menino de 03 meses de vida, sem que os sintomas reaparecessem.

This paper aims to present a clinical case of a patient of 46 years in the adjustment period from the adoption of a child of five. Difficulties were initially related: the linking maternal affection, exercise and physical care of the child with affection, exercise and perception of the maternal role, coupled with strong somatic symptoms. With the existence of a great desire to be a mother 15 years ago was receiving treatment for getting pregnant. The adoption did not represent a taboo for the same. However, childhood came to the fore and often represented a large part of his suffering: his mother was 46 years old when his birth and has since been stricken with illness throughout his life, preventing the achievement of physical and emotional care to her. Were performed 20 sessions of EMDR and traumatic experiences of the mother x daughter, as well as fears of repeating past history, were processed to an adaptive resolution, which allowed the assimilation of their past memories and incorporation of standards for positive experiences, allowing the opportunity to expand connections with positive networks. The stored memories that served as the basis for perception, attitudes and behaviors were reprocessed and, therefore, the physical symptoms were abolished, so as to allow the patient to assume a new stance facing the motherhood. The perception has changed about his mother and managed to bring out good moments of his childhood with his mother. It was also reprocessed a situation related to mutual forgiveness. The patient now lives the process of motherhood healthy and happy, and 04 months after the close of the session, adopted a boy of 03 months, without symptoms reappeared.

Keywords: Adoption Motherhood Postpartum Depression

Accuracy Verified: Yes

109. Shapiro, F. (2009). Desensibilizacion y reprocesamiento por medio de movimiento ocular (EMDR) [Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)]. Pax Mexico L.C.C.S.A.

Language: Spanish

Format: Book

Abstract:
En tan solo unos cuantos años, el modo EMDR se ha convertido en el tratamiento más elaborado para el desorden de estrés postraumático (entre otras perturbaciones). El método EMDR es un tratamiento legítimo y poderoso. Modelo integral y eficiente en el tratamiento de experiencias perturbadoras, el método EMDR incorpora diversos aspectos de terapias sistémicas, psicodinámicas, experienciales, conductuales y corporales. Consiste en ocho fases que comprenden el uso de movimientos oculares y otras formas de estimulación izquierda-derecha. Es eficaz para tratar el desorden de estrés postraumático y reprocesar pensamientos y recuerdos perturbadores o problemas psicológicos de sobrevivientes de traumas, de abuso sexual, de crímenes, de combate bélico, así como de fobias y desórdenes causados por experiencias vivenciales y proporciona en poco tiempo efectos clínicos profundos y estables. Con descripciones y transcripciones detalladas, la autora guía al clínico por cada etapa del tratamiento terapéutico, desde la selección de los clientes hasta la aplicación del método y su integración dentro de un plan integral de tratamiento clínico. Escrito de manera accesible, este libro es una guía invaluable tanto para los clínicos experimentados en el tratamiento EMDR como para las personas que acaban de conocer el método, y para los estudiantes avanzados de psicología clínica y psicoterapia.

In just a few years, modeEMDR has become more elaborate treatment for PTSD (among other disturbances) clutter. The methodEMDR is a legitimate and powerful treatment. Comprehensive and efficient model in the treatment of disturbing experiences, the methodEMDR incorporates aspects of systemic therapies, psychodynamic, experienciales, behavioural and body. Consists of eight phases comprising the use of eye movements and other forms of left-right stimulation. It is effective in treating post-traumatic stress disorder and re-processing thoughts and disturbing memories or psychological problems of survivors of trauma, sexual abuse, of crimes, war combat, as well as phobias and disorders caused by vivenciales experiences and provides deep and stable clinical effects in a short time. With descriptions and detailed transcripts, the author guides the clinical through every stage of therapeutic, treatment from clients to the implementation of the method and their integration within a comprehensive clinical treatment plan selection. Written in an accessible manner, this book is an invaluable guide for clinicians in the treatmentEMDR as for people just know the method and for advanced students of clinical psychology and psychotherapy.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: No

110. Popky, A. J. (2009). The desensitization of triggers and urge reprocessing (DeTUR) protocol. In M. Luber (Ed.), Eye movement desensitization (EMDR) scripted protocols: Special populations (pp. 489-511). New York: Springer Publishing Co.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Keywords: Addiction Protocol Substance Abuse Triggers Urge

Accuracy Verified: Yes

111. Schmidt, S. J., & and Hernandez, A. (2007). The developmental needs meeting strategy: Eight case studies. Traumatology, 13(1), 27-48. doi:10.1177/1534765607299913 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This study investigates the merits of the Developmental Needs Meeting Strategy (DNMS), a relatively new ego state therapy. The DNMS is based on the assumption that many presenting problems are due to wounded ego states stuck in childhood because of unmet developmental needs. DNMS protocols endeavor to identify and heal the wounded child parts most responsible for a presenting problem. When internal Resource ego states, which serve as competent caregivers, meet the wounded ego states' developmental needs, the wounded ego states become unstuck and heal. Eight participants were recruited from the private practice caseloads of 3 DNMS therapists. All participants reported significant improvement in the targeted problems, with gains maintained at follow-up. These findings suggest that the DNMS has therapeutic potential. [Sage]

Keywords: Developmental Needs Developmental Needs Meeting Strategy Ego State Therapy Introjects Psychodynamic

Accuracy Verified: Yes

112. Schmidt, S. J. (2004). Developmental needs meeting strategy: A new treatment approach applied to dissociative identity disorder. Journal of Trauma and Dissociation, 5(4), 55-78. doi:10.1300/J229v05n04_04.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This article describes the use of the Developmental Needs Meeting Strategy (DNMS) for the treatment of dissociative identity disorder (DID). The DNMS is an ego state therapy which guides a client’s own internal resources to meet developmental needs that were not met in childhood. After 17 months of DNMS treatment a client with DID reported a near total elimination in frequency and severity of symptoms of depression, anxiety and suicidal thoughts, her Trauma Symptom Inventory scores indicated no trauma symptoms, and her Multidimensional Inventory of Dissociation scores indicated she no longer meets the diagnostic criteria for DID. She was functioning well without any medication. Further research is warranted.

Keywords: Developmental Needs Meeting Strategy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

113. Stierum, A. J., & van Heijningen, J. G. M. (2011, April). Diagnostiek en behandeling van dissociatieve stoornissen bij kinderen en jeugdigen [Diagnosis and treatment of dissociative disorders in children and adolescents]. Presentatie op het 39ste Voorjaarscongres Nederlandse Vereniging voor Psychiatrie, Amsterdam.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Inhoud van de workshop: Dissociatie en trauma zijn nauw met elkaar verbonden. Dissociatieve stoornissen worden toch vaak niet herkend en dissociatieve stoornissen bij kinderen gelden als controversieel. Kinder- en jeugdpsychiaters leren in de opleiding weinig over dissociatieve stoornissen. In de workshop wordt aandacht besteed aan het herkennen van dissociatieve stoornissen bij (seksueel) getraumatiseerde kinderen en aan de behandeling ervan, geïntegreerd in de traumabehandeling. Ernstig getraumatiseerde kinderen hebben vaak meerdere diagnoses, zoals posttraumatische stoornissen essentieel is voor het slagen van een goede traumabehandeling. We bespreken de internationale richtlijnen en recente literatuur over diagnostiek en behandeling van dissociatieve stoornissen bij kinderen. Neurobiologische aspecten van vroegkinderlijke traumatisering en de gevolgen hiervan voor het kind worden behandeld. Verschillende behandelmethoden zoals eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) en differentiatiefasetherapie worden besproken. Vorm: —— Aan de hand van presentaties worden de theorie en de praktijk van de diagnostiek en het behandelen van dissociatieve stoornissen bij kinderen en jeugdigen besproken. —— We tonen beeldmateriaal van diagnostiek en behandeling van dissociatieve stoornissen bij kinderen en jeugdigen. —— Uitwisselen van ervaring en kennis, inbrengen van casuïstiek en discussie. Leerdoel: —— Aan het einde van de workshop erkent de deelnemer het belang van herkennen en behandelen van dissociatieve stoornissen bij getraumatiseerde kinderen en jeugdigen. —— De deelnemer vergroot zijn kennis van diagnostiek en behandeling van dissociatieve stoornissen van kinderen en jeugdigen, waarbij hij op de hoogte is van de recente literatuur. stressstoornis (PTSS) en hechtingsstoornis. Dissociatieve problematiek kan ook verward worden met onder meer obsessieve-compulsieve stoornissen (ODD), aandachtstekortstoornis met hyperactiviteit (ADHD) en vele andere kinderpsychiatrische stoornissen en zo het resultaat van therapieën bemoeilijken. Wij gaan er daarom vanuit dat herkennen en behandelen van dissociatieve.

Contents of the workshop: Dissociation and trauma are closely linked. Dissociative disorders are often not yet recognized and dissociative disorders in children construed as controversial. Child and adolescent psychiatrists learning in the training little dissociative disorders. The workshop focuses on recognition of dissociative disorders (Sexual) traumatized children and the its treatment, integrated into the trauma treatment. Severely traumatized children often have multiple diagnoses, such as post traumatic stress is essential for the success of a good trauma treatment. We discuss the International guidelines and recent literature about diagnosis and treatment of dissociative disorders in children. Neurobiological Aspects of early childhood trauma and consequences for the child to be treated. Various treatments such as eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) and phase modulation therapy are discussed. Form: - Based on the theory presentations and practice of diagnosis and treatment of dissociative disorders in children and adolescents are discussed. - We show footage of diagnosis and treatment of dissociative disorders children and adolescents. - Share the experience and knowledge, contribute of cases and discussion. Objective: - At the end of the workshop, the participant acknowledges the importance of recognizing and treating of dissociative disorders among traumatized children and adolescents. - Participants increased their knowledge of diagnosis and treatment of dissociative disorders of children and youth, taking on the aware of the recent literature. stress disorder (PTSD) and attachment disorder. Dissociative problem can also confused are including obsessive-compulsive disorder (ODD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and many other children's psychiatric disorders and as a result of therapies difficult. We therefore assume that recognition and treatment of dissociative.

Keywords: Adolescents Children Dissociative Disorders Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

114. Lovelle, C. (2008, February). Dialectical behavioral therapy and EMDR for adolescents in residential treatment: A practical and theoretical perspective. Residential Treatment For Children and Youth, 23(1&2), 27–43. doi:10.1300/J007v23n01_03.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
DBT and EMDR as primary treatment methods provide effective treatment for adolescents in the setting of group residential facilities. Regardless of the intensity of the pathology or the length of stay, these compatible treatment methods provide adolescents with significant decreases in the impact of traumatic memories and increased emotional regulation skills. The methods have been empirically supported as effective in a variety of settings and with a diversity of age groups. They are well suited for use in a residential environment and can constitute a powerful, effective method for dealing with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, Major Depression, Anxiety Disorders, Substance Abuse, and other disorders.

Keywords: Adolescent Residential Treatment DBT Dialectical Behavior Therapy Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

115. Erdmann, C. (2005). Die beeinflussung chronischer schmerzen durch psychologische, schmerztherapisverfahren und EMDR [The influence of psychological chronic pain, chronic pain procedures and EMDR]. Institut fur Traumatherapie.

Language: German

Format: Other

Abstract:
Das in den 80er Jahren von der amerikanischen Psychologin Francine Shapiro veröffentlichte Verfahren EMDR (Eye Movement and Desensitization and Reprocessing) beinhaltet als zentrale Komponente, dass die Aufmerksamkeit des Patienten sich auf eine traumatische Erinnerung und die damit verbundenen Gedanken und Gefühle richtet, während gleichzeitig rhythmische Augenbewegungen induziert werden. (Shapiro 1998) EMDR eignet sich signifikant gut zur Behandlung der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS). Hierbei handelt es sich um ein Störungssyndrom, meistens bestehend aus vegetativer Übererregtheit, Erstarrung, Schlaflosigkeit, Angst und Depression, das häufig auftritt nach sehr belastenden Ereignissen oder starken Bedrohungen, wie z.B. schweren Unfällen, Naturkatastrophen, Folter, sexuellem Missbrauch, Vergewaltigungen, usw. Das Störungsbild der PTBS zeigt große Ähnlichkeiten mit dem Chronischen Schmerzsyndrom. Chronischer Schmerz kann als eigenständiges Trauma gelten mit dem eigenen Körper als Opfer und Täter. Oft finden sich auch Traumata im Vorfeld oder begleitend. Chronischer Schmerz ist signifikant assoziiert mit Posttraumatischer Belastungsstörung, mit Angsterkrankungen, Depressionen und weiteren psychischen Störungen. EMDR wird inzwischen auch mit guten Erfolgen eingesetzt bei anderen Erkrankungen, z.B. Suchterkrankungen, Depressionen, Angst- und Zwangsstörungen. Überzeugende Erfolge stellen sich ein bei der Behandlung auch sehr kleiner Kinder mit unterschiedlichen psychischen Erkrankungen. (Tinker, Wilson 1999) Bislang gibt es aber noch relativ wenig Forschungen über die Wirksamkeit von EMDR bei Akutschmerz, bei Chronischem Schmerz und im Bereich der Psychosomatik. Es ist allerdings bekannt, dass EMDR sich bei Akutschmerz eignet zum Abbau der den Schmerz häufig begleitenden Angst und darüber hinaus bei Chronischem Schmerz zur Erhöhung der Schmerztoleranz, zu mehr Entspannung, zu positiven kognitiven Strategien, zu Desensibilisierung und zur Ablenkung. (Groth, Rogers 1994). EMDR führt zu nachweislichen neurologischen Veränderungen und damit einhergehenden vom Patienten berichteten positiven Veränderungen im Beschwerdebild. (van der Kolk 2000) EMDR lässt sich nach ersten Untersuchungen ebenfalls erfolgreich einsetzen zur Behandlung von Phantomschmerzen. (Wilson nach Tinker, Wilson 2000).

That in the 80s by the American psychologist Francine Shapiro published procedures EMDR (Eye Movement and Desensitization and Reprocessing) includes as a central component that the patient's attention on a traumatic memory and associated thoughts and feelings directed, while rhythmic eye movements be induced. (Shapiro 1998) EMDR is significantly well to the treatment of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This is a disorder syndrome, consisting mostly of vegetative over-arousal, numbness, insomnia, anxiety and depression that occurs very often after stressful events or severe threats, such as serious accidents, natural disasters, torture, sexual abuse, rape, etc. The disorder of PTSD shows great similarities with the chronic pain syndrome. Chronic pain can be considered as a separate trauma of his own body as victims and perpetrators. Often also found in the run or incidental trauma. Chronic pain is significantly associated with post traumatic stress disorder, with anxiety disorders, depression and other mental disorders. EMDR is now used with good results in other diseases, such as Addiction, depression, anxiety and compulsive disorders. Convincing results are adapting to treat even very young children with different mental disorders. (Tinker, Wilson 1999) So far there is relatively little research on the effectiveness of EMDR in acute pain, Chronic pain and in the field of psychosomatic medicine. However, it is known that EMDR is suitable for acute pain to reduce the pain often associated with anxiety and also to increase the pain Chronic pain tolerance, more relaxation, positive cognitive strategies to desensitization and distraction. (Groth, Rogers 1994). EMDR leads to demonstrable neurological changes resulting from the patient and reported positive changes in symptoms. (Van der Kolk 2000), after initial investigations EMDR can also be used successfully to treat phantom pain. (Wilson to Tinker, Wilson 2000).

Keywords: Chronic Pain Chronic Pain Protocol Protocol

Accuracy Verified: Yes

116. Stone, C., & Goode, P. (2012, October). Dilemmas of using EMDR in time limited environments. Presentation at the at the 4th Autumn EMDR Workshop Conference, Sheffield, UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Applying EMDR standard protocol in time limited settings with clients who have experienced multiple traumas, often in childhood and combined with disrupted attachments, poses an ongoing clinical challenge. It is necessary to continue to explore ways in which such clients might benefit from EMDR whilst keeping the client ‘safe.’ This presentation seeks to offer some practical EMDR strategies, which have been found to be effective with such a client population in these settings, accompanied by case studies.

Keywords: Time-Limit Constraints

Accuracy Verified: Yes

117. Forgash, C. (2010, September/October). Dissociation in the dental chair: Implications for the EMDR treatment of health issues. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR International Association, Minneapolis, MN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR treatment is effective in dealing with many health problems (exacerbated by dissociation)encountered by many complex trauma clients. The negative sequelae of abuse on the physical and mental health of these clients includes flashbacks and dissociative episodes. They are frequently avoidant of health care, which can lead to further consequences. This presentation will focus on expanding the EMDR Preparation Phase; presenting strategies to deal with dissociation, emotional issues, and PTSD symptoms. The Desensitization and Reprocessing Phase will deal with earlier traumatic events, health issues and current and past dissociative events which are frequently at the root of these problems.

Keywords: Dissociation Health Issues

Accuracy Verified: Yes

118. Butler, K. (1995, July-August). Divided memories. Family Therapy Networker, 19(4), 1.

Language: English

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
Ann Norris first went to see Laguna Beach psychologist Doug Sawin in 1988. She had recently graduated from college with a degree in music and suffered from insomnia and drank alcohol to sleep. But it was her relationship with her mother, Judy, that troubled her most. After Ann's triumphant college graduation vocal recital, Judy hadn't even congratulated her. Two days later, Judy had called and angrily attacked Ann over the phone until Ann cried.
It was the kind of issue that a good family or individual therapist might have addressed by building on Ann's obvious strengths, teaching her to contain and manage her feelings, and coaching her to develop a better relationship with her mother. But Sawin instead focussed intensely on the past. Ann soon had memories of her father sexually abusing her, and later of elaborate cultic abuse, which her three siblings didn't come close to corroborating. She was hospitalized after attempting suicide, and Sawin bluntly told her father, Al, over the phone, of Ann's charges Al collapsed in tears.
Over the years, Ann drew closer to Sawin while her relations with her family and her own mental state grew more troubled. She was diagnosed with Multiple Personality Disorder and, with Sawin's support, sued her parents and grandparents for $20 million. She spent six years in therapy with Sawin She now describes psychiatric hospitals where she still stays periodically because she cuts and burns herself as her "institutional mothers." She has not spoken to her true mother in six years. And she no longer sings.
It doesn't take a PhD in psychology or a seat on a state licensing board to see that Ann is worse off than when she entered therapy. Millions of nontherapists undoubtedly made just such an assessment when Ann, her therapist and her family told their stories before millions of prime-time viewers on "Divided Memories," a four-hour PBS Frontline documentary screened in early May.
In her wide-ranging investigation of therapy, sexual abuse and memory, producer Ofra Bikel used as her primary subject families divided by recovered memories of abuse. She also managed to persuade nearly half a dozen therapists to do therapy while her camera was running. It was a remarkable event, in which all of America was invited behind the one-way mirror to see therapy in action in the midst of its most divisive controversy and to judge it for themselves.

Keywords: MPD Multiple Personality Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

119. Winner, K. (1997, July). Divorced from justice: The abuse of women and children by divorce lawyers and judges. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Francisco, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Abuse Children Divorce Lawyers Judges

Accuracy Verified: Yes

120. Lockhart, S. (2009, June 16). Do the eyes have it?. Psychology Today.

Language: English

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
A few years ago, my friend Ally, who had a somewhat unwarranted confidence in my knowledge of Things Psychological, asked if I knew anything about EMDR; she had suffered some severe childhood trauma, and was thinking of trying it. "EMDR?" I asked, "Is that a new street drug?" I guess that showed her what I knew. She explained that her therapist had suggested this relatively new technique, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, that had been shown to ease symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in soldiers and rape victims. From what she understood, the therapist would help her to focus on her devastating memories of childhood abuse while directing her eyes to twitch rapidly from side to side. This, according to her shrink, would help her to better "process" her memories. "Sounds like hypnotism," I expertly analyzed. "Who knows, maybe it will work." More recently, when I wrote here about the neurobiological advantages of emotionally "finding a safe place," several readers also wrote in to ask me about EMDR. Now I understand why people want an expert opinion (and I'm no expert, by the way): a heap of controversy surrounds this popular technique.

Keywords: General Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

121. Huffer, K., & Parrett, B. (1999, June). Don’t let the system do you in – Improve your odds for justice (Part I). Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Las Vegas, NV.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will: 1) increase knowledge and awareness of this "complex PTSD;" 2) be able to integrate the 8-step protocol of "Overcoming the Devastation of Legal Abuse Syndrome" with the 8-phase protocol of EMDR; 3) learn to consider advocacy for legal consumer abuse issues; and 4) be able to discuss and develop plans for further action and research in the treatment and prevention of LAS.

Keywords: LAS Legal Abuse Syndrome Legal Consumer Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

122. Kleinman, M., & Kleinman, M. (1998, July). The dynamics of family violence: Its impact on women and children: Using EMDR to treat victims and perpetrators. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Baltimore, MD.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will: 1) understand the subtleties and complexities of abusive relationships; 2) be able to assess children for subtle signs of abuse and coercion, including brainwashing; 3) be taken through a case of successful treatment of a perpetrator; 4) be able to employ EMDR with victims of domestic vilence to "unhook" them from a controlling partner; 5) know the strategic points to address therapeutically with children growing up in these families and how to use EMDR to process past trauma and to restore self esteem; 6) better understand what makes an abuser "tick" and to assess whether or not to use EMDR with perpetrators; and 7) gain a fuller understanding of domestic violence.

Keywords: Brainwashing Children Domestic Violence Family Violence Perpetrators Victims Women

Accuracy Verified: Yes

123. Ravaglia, G. (2003). E.M.D.R. e percorso analitico [EMDR and path analysis]. Gianfranco Ravaglia.

Language: Italian

Format: Other

Abstract:
Le tesi sviluppate negli scritti di questo sito rinviano a vari indirizzi psicoterapeutici che convergono nel considerare i disturbi psicologici come esiti di atteggiamenti difensivi intenzionali, anziché come "effetti" di "cause" intrapsichiche o ambientali. Il cliente in analisi non è quindi considerato un malato da curare, ma un soggetto che ha costruito le sue difese e che per questo può anche cambiare. Il lavoro analitico verte sul chiarimento delle convinzioni irrazionali su cui si fonda la strategia difensiva della persona e sull'esplorazione dei vissuti profondi non integrati nell'infanzia perché sentiti in tale epoca come intollerabili. Il lavoro analitico si basa sull'idea che i sintomi, gli atteggiamenti difensivi ed anche molti atteggiamenti considerati normali costituiscano una risposta ragionevole nell'infanzia, ma irrazionale nella vita adulta, al dolore. Il bambino evita il dolore, mentre l'adulto può accettarlo perché dispone di risorse che nell'infanzia non aveva. Il lavoro analitico ha come obiettivo l’elaborazione delle esperienze dolorose attuali e dei vissuti dolorosi del passato. Non “cura” i disturbi psicologici, ma serve a renderli superflui; consente quindi alla persona in analisi non solo di "star meglio", ma di modificare l'atteggiamento complessivo nei confronti della sua esistenza. Dal 2000 ad oggi questo sito è cresciuto includendo ogni anno nuovi lavori. Per ogni saggio indico la data della prima pubblicazione; indico anche quella dell’ultima revisione solo nei casi in cui parti significative sono state aggiunte.

The arguments in the writings of this site refer to various addresses psychotherapy converge in considering the results of psychological disorders such as defensive intentional, rather than "effects" of "causes" intrapsychic or environmental. The customer analysis is therefore not considered a patient to be cured, but a person who has built his defenses and that this may also change. The analytical work focuses on clarifying the irrational beliefs underlying the defensive strategy of the person and the exploration of deep feelings are not integrated in childhood because at that time felt as intolerable. The analytical work is based on the symptoms, the defensive and many considered normal behavior in childhood constitute a reasonable response, but irrational in adult life, the pain. The child avoids the pain, while the adult can accept it because it has resources that childhood did not have. The analytical work has as objective the development of painful experiences of current and past painful experiences. Not cure psychological disorders, but serves to make them redundant; then allows the person in analysis not only of "getting better", but change the overall attitude towards its existence. Since 2000 this site has grown to include new works each year. For each test indicates the date of first publication, also indicates that the last review only in cases where significant parts have been added.

Keywords: Path Analysis

Accuracy Verified: Yes

124. Nofal, S. (2003). E.M.D.R: Método psicoterapéutico de elección [EMDR psychotherapeutic method of choice]. Psicoterapias. Presentación en: 3º Congreso Virtual de Psiquiatria.com.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
E.M.D.R.: que significa Desensibilización y Reprocesamiento con Movimientos Oculares es un método psicoterapéutico para tratar trastornos emocionales que son causadas por experiencias abrumadoras de la vida, que van desde eventos traumáticos como guerras, accidentes, violaciones y desastres naturales, hasta situaciones traumáticas originadas en la niñez. · Se pueden tratar también además del T.E.P.T. todos los trastornos de ansiedad, depresión, desórdenes disociativos, duelos, dolor crónico, adicciones, perturbaciones somáticas, etc. en niños, adolescentes y adultos.

EMDR: meaning Desensitization and Reprocessing eye movement is a psychotherapeutic method for treating emotional disorders that are caused by overwhelming experiences of life, ranging from traumatic events such as war, accidents, violations and natural disasters, to traumatic situations arising in childhood . · You can also treat PTSD plus all anxiety disorders, depression, dissociative disorders, grief, chronic pain, addiction, somatic disturbances, etc.. in children, adolescents and adults.

Keywords: Postraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapies PTSD Stress Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

125. Rusthton, A. (2010, January). Editorial. Clinical Child Psychology & Psychiatry, 15(1), 3-4. doi:10.1177/1359104509345879 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
An introduction to the journal is presented in which the editor discusses an article on Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) to children after a motor vehicle accident by Kemp and colleagues, treatment manual for trauma-exposed youth by Carrion and Hull, and parent and child adaptation to childhood chronic illness by Gannoni and Shute.

Keywords: Children Chronc Illness Editorial Motor Vehicle Accident Treatment Manual

Accuracy Verified: Yes

126. Janssen, J. (2012, February). Een bijzondere casus (serie): EMDR-behandeling van vroegkinderlijke trauma’s bij een cliënte met een eetstoornis [A special case (series): EMDR treatment of early childhood trauma in a client with an eating disorder]. Tijdschrift voor Psychotherapie, 38(1), 21-37. doi:10.1007/s12485-012-0003-3.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Onveilige hechting en vroegkinderlijke trauma’s liggen aan de basis van veel problemen die onze cliënten ervaren in hun dagelijkse leven en zij leiden tot disfunctionele gedachten- en gedragspatronen. In de babyfase ontwikkelt zich het (sociale) brein op basis van liefde of het ontbreken ervan. Het is de interactie tussen baby’s en hun ouders in de eerste jaren die bepalend is. Het introduceren in de therapie van liefde en liefdevolle ouders die er voor hen zijn, lijkt van essentieel belang te zijn voor een succesvolle behandeling. In dit artikel wordt het vier-stappenmodel van Katie O’Shea uiteengezet. De eerste drie stappen bieden de effectieve stabilisatie die nodig is om de behandeling van vroegkinderlijke trauma’s aan te gaan. In stap 4 kan deze behandeling vervolgens op gestructureerde wijze plaatsvinden. Met haar ‘EMDR’-model creëren we als het ware een nieuwe blauwdruk in het brein met als uitkomst ‘een reconstructie van het zelfbeeld’. O’Shea beoogt met haar model herstel van prenataal en perinataal trauma, wat met het standaard EMDR-protocol niet gemakkelijk wordt bereikt. DRS.

Insecure attachment and early childhood traumas are the basis of many problems that our clients experience in their daily life and they lead to dysfunctional thoughts and behavioral patterns. In the infant stage develops the (social) brain based on love or lack thereof. It is the interaction between babies and their parents in the early years is decisive. Introducing into the therapy of love and loving parents who are there for them, seems of vital importance for a successful treatment. In this article, the four-step model Katie O'Shea put apart. The first three steps provide effective stabilization to the necessary for the treatment of early childhood trauma to go. In step 4, this treatment can then structured by manner. With its' EMDR' model we create as were a new blueprint in the brain as being 'a reconstruction of the self '. O'Shea aim with the recovery model of prenatal and perinatal trauma, what with the standard EMDR protocol is not easily achieved. DRS.

Keywords: Childhood Trauma Eating Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

127. de Jongh, A., & ten Broeke, E. (1993). Een nieuwe behandelingsmethode voor angst en trauma's: ‘Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing’ [A new treatment for anxiety and trauma: Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing]. Directieve Therapie, 13(2), 78-83. doi:10.1007/BF03060028 .

Language: Dutch

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
In deze bijdrage wordt een beschrijving gegeven van de achtergronden en principes van ‘Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing’ ( EMDR), een recente ontwikkeling op het gebied van de psychotherapie. Deze procedure wordt gepresenteerd als een snelle en effectieve behandelmethode voor aan angst gerelateerde klachten, waaronder posttraumatische stress-stoornissen. Een belangrijk onderdeel van EMDR is dat de therapeut bij de cliënt een aantal snelle en ritmische oogbewegingen uitlokt door hem te vragen zijn vinger te volgen, terwijl de cliënt een beeld van de traumatische herinnering in gedachten houdt. Dit zou resulteren in cognitieve veranderingen en een langdurige vermindering van angst, alsmede een verdwijnen van terugkerende herinneringen en indringende gedachten. Zoals naar voren komt uit onderzoek en twee gepresenteerde gevalsbeschrijvingen (een geval van extreme angst voor de tandheelkundige behandeling en een geval van seksueel misbruik), kan EMDR reeds effectief zijn in slechts één zitting. Het artikel sluit af met evaluatieve opmerkingen en aanbevelingen met betrekking tot het gebruik van deze behandelingsmethode in de praktijk.

In this article describes the background and principles of "Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing "(EMDR), a recent development in the field of psychotherapy. This procedure is presented as a rapid and effective treatment for anxiety-related symptoms, including post-traumatic stress disorder. EMDR is an important part of the therapist to the client a number of rapid and rhythmic eye movements provokes him by asking his finger to follow, while a client image of the traumatic memory in mind. This would result in cognitive changes and a lasting reduction of anxiety and a loss of recurrent and intrusive recollections thoughts. As emerges from two studies and presented case studies (one case extreme fear of dental treatment and one case of sexual abuse), EMDR can already effectively in only one session. The article concludes with evaluative comments and recommendations regarding the using this treatment method in practice.

Keywords: Anxiety Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

128. Cole, F. J. (1996, November). The effect of alpha theta brainwave production on self-efficacy in the treatment of substance abuse. California School of Professional Psychology, Fresno, CA. AAT 9734483.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Two new brief treatments, Alpha Theta Brainwave Training (ATBT) and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) were compared to Systematic Muscle Relaxation (SMR) training during the treatment of 45 hospitalized veterans in the Chemical Dependency Treatment Program of the Fresno Department of Veteran Affairs Medical Center. Fifteen veterans were randomly assigned to three treatment groups, ATBT, EMDR, and SMR, to investigate whether these treatments affected self-efficacy, or confidence in the ability to resist the urge to drink. In behavioral change, self-efficacy levels are consistent predictors of short and long-term success. It was hypothesized that the greater the amount of time spent in theta brainwave frequency (4-8 Hz) during treatment, the greater the increase in self-efficacy. Brainwave activity, temperature, skin conductance and electromyographic levels were recorded during the treatment sessions. Measures of self-efficacy, self-efficacy expectancy, outcome expectancy, and level of overall physical and emotional symptoms were taken before and after treatment. Results indicated that all treatments increased self-efficacy and decreased overall physical and emotional symptoms in alcoholic subjects. Overall, there was no significant difference in the amount of time spent in theta brainwave frequency between groups, but results indicated that the treatments did produce a significant difference in the amount of time spent in theta brainwave frequency between the first and last treatment sessions in the groups. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved) Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 58(5-B), Nov 1997, pp. 2667.

Keywords: Brain Stimulation Drug Abuse Drug Rehabilitation Empirical Study Military Veterans Relaxation Therapy Self Efficacy Treatment Outcome/Clinical Trial

Accuracy Verified: Yes

129. Kruse, M. J. (2011, June). The effect of energy psychology on rates of relapse and recidivism for substance abuse offenders in a community correction setting. The University of the Rockies, Colorado Springs, CO. AAI3460565.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
This dissertation was a study of a community corrections program which incorporated adjunct Energy Psychology Therapies for Substance Abuse Offenders (SAOs), who were transitioning back into community. Rates of relapse and recidivism were compared, upon success/failure to complete drug and alcohol treatment. When Energy Psychology therapies were added, assisting offenders in resolving underlying trauma issues, there were significance differences between groups. The Choices Program used brief therapies including: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, Thought Field Therapy, Emotional Freedom Techniques, (EMDR, TFT, EFT) along with group and individual classes/sessions to relieve underlying trauma symptoms. The results indicated that people who chose to resolve underlying trauma achieved more successful treatment outcomes, thereby lowering rates of relapse and recidivism significantly.

Keywords: Community Corrections EFT motional Freedom Techniques Energy Psychology Offenders Eye Movement Social Sciences Substance Abuse Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

130. Colosetti, S. D. (1997). Effect of relaxation training alone and relaxation training paired with EMDR on incarcerated, battered women. University of Georgia, Athens, GA. AAT 9735499.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Every 15 seconds a woman is beaten in the U.S. Many of these women meet the criteria for a diagnosis of PTSD. Some of them end up in prison. This study used a sample of 5 battered women, incarcerated in a Southern state prison, to test the efficacy of EMDR following relaxation training. A-B-C designs were used to compare baseline assessment (Phase A), relaxation training utilizing Miller and Halpern's audiotaped instructions (Phase B), and EMDR (Phase C). A script of the worst memory of abuse was dictated by each woman during assessment and read by the researcher at the beginning of each session. The Beck Anxiety Inventory and Impact of Events Scale, measuring avoidant behaviors and intrusive thoughts, were given weekly, following the script. Client logs and measures of SUDS and VOC were taken during the EMDR phase only. A one-month follow-up was used. ANOVAs with repeated measures comparing 2 groups, E1 (n = 2) that received 3 weeks of relaxation training prior to EMDR and E2 (n = 3) that received 6 weeks of relaxation training prior to EMDR, were not statistically significant. Avoidant Behaviors scores approached significance for the main effect of treatment (F = .06) and for the group by phase interaction (F = .08). Due to intrasubject variability, blocking was used to identify trends. A distinct improvement was noted in Subject 2 -- Anxiety dropped from 36.5 to 8.0, Intrusive Thoughts 27.5 to 11.0, and Avoidant Behaviors 27.0 to 24.0. Individually graphed data and calculated mean scores by phase permit further investigation. Implications for future research include appropriate screening for dissociation and development of coping skills prior to EMDR, decreasing avoidance by having the woman read her script aloud prior to completing outcome measures, monitoring medication during treatment, continuing treatment as needed, using additional outcome measures, and employing a multi-baseline design across subjects, matching women on several demographic variables. [Author Abstract] Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences. 58(6-A), Dec 1997, pp. 2392.

Keywords: Adults Americans Battery Empirical Study Females Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Prison Inmates PTSD Relaxation Therapy Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

131. Becich, H. A. (1995). The effect of varying the rate of the eye movements in eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR) with battered women. California School of Professional Psychology, Los Angeles, CA. AAT 9531596.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
The rapid saccades used in eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR) have been reputed to be critical to its efficacy. To evaluate this hypothesis, the rate of the eye movements was varied in this study. Subjects included 27 battered women who were rated PTSD-positive by a modified version of the Symptom Checklist (MSC). Participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: EMDR Fast, EMDR Slow or Control.Prior to treatment, subjects completed the Revised Impact of Events Scale (IES). Treatment involved one experimental session lasting up to 90 minutes. Dependent variables included the Subjective Units of Distress (SUDs) (derived from the Subjective Units of Disturbance Scale), the Validity of Cognition (VOC) and the Vividness of Traumatic Image (VTI) Scales as well as the Intrusion subscales of the MSC and the IES. At post-treatment one week later, subjects again provided responses to the five dependent variables and, for ethical reasons, were provided another session of treatment at the EMDR Fast rate if their SUDs were 2 or greater. Results of the mixed, two factor analyses indicated no differences between the groups. Hence, the outcomes showed that the rapid eye movements did not provide a differential treatment effect as hypothesized. All groups experienced improvement on the SUDs and VTI Scales and the MSC Intrusion subscale, supporting occurrence of an exposure effect. This investigation was the first controlled EMDR study conducted with battered women, as well as the first experiment on this procedure using a clinical population in which the rate of the eye movements was varied. [Author Abstract] Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 56(5-B), Nov 1995, pp. 2854

Keywords: Adults Americans Battery Empirical Study Follow-up Study Females Posttraumatic Stress DIsorder PTSD Spouse Abuse Survivors Treatment Effectiveness Treatment Outcome/Clinical Trial

Accuracy Verified: Yes

132. Cloitre, M. (2009, January). Effective psychotherapies for posttraumatic stress disorder: A review and critique. CNS Spectrums, 14(1, Supplement 1), 32-43 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This report reviews and critiques the psychotherapy literature for the treatment of PTSD and systematically presents data on sample size, rates of completion, and effect sizes. Substantial progress has been made in the use of cognitive behavioral therapies and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing for the resolution of PTSD. Innovations in PTSD treatments are identified. Further advances are needed in the treatment of populations with complex and chronic forms of PTSD such as those found in childhood abuse populations, refugee populations, and those experiencing chronic mental illness. The need to address comorbid emotional, social, and physical health consequences of trauma, to implement treatments in community-based settings, and to incorporate larger systems of care into study designs is noted. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Cognitive Therapy Exposure Therapy Literature Review Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapy PTSD Stressors Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

133. Ueda, E., Yamanishi, K., & Fukui, Y. (2010, July). The effective way of controlling of habitual scratching on atopic dermatitis patients with social stress by using EMDR. Presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This study aims to cure refractory atopic dermatitis (AD) patients, by using EMDR, who severely suffer from habitual scratching that may derive from their unbearable social stress. The prevalence of AD is 13.2% in 3 year-old children and 8.2% among 1st grade university students in Japan, according to a Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare study, 2000 to 2002. The patients with AD have been increasing in the past 20 years. Among these patients, 20% have more than moderate severity, and within this group, some of the patients have chronic and refractory conditions with some psychosomatic factors. So far a great deal of effort has been made to care those patients, however, there are still quite some patients who are distressed with their difficult state of condition. We then focus on treatment of controlling habitual scratching of AD patients that may generally derive from personal friction or social stress. We obtained fairly significant results with EMDR on which these patients came to be able to control themselves, reduce their scratching, and also enhance their self-efficacy. These results suggested that EMDR were useful for controlling the habitual scratching from stress of traumatic memory such as child abuse, bullying of tragedy and effective for refractory AD patients.

Keywords: Atopic Dermatitis Habitual Stress Scratching

Accuracy Verified: Yes

134. Edmond, T. E., Rubin, A., & Wambach, K. G. (1999, June). The effectiveness of EMDR with adult female survivors of childhood sexual abuse. Social Work Research, 23(2), 103-116.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
A randomized experimental evaluation found support for the effectiveness of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in reducing trauma symptoms among adult female survivors of childhood sexual abuse. 59 women were assigned randomly to one of three groups: (1) individual EMDR treatment (six sessions); (2) routine individual treatment (six sessions); or (3) delayed treatment control group. A MANOVA was statistically significant at both posttest and follow-up. In univariate ANOVAs for each of four standardized outcome measures EMDR group members scored significantly better than controls at posttest. In a three-month follow-up, EMDR participants scored significantly better than routine individual treatment participants on two of the four measures, with large effect sizes suggestive of clinical significance. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Americans Brief Psychotherapy Child Abuse Empirical Study Females Follow-up Study Longitudinal Study Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Random Clinical Trial Rape RCT Self Efficacy Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

135. Edmond, T., & Rubin, A. (2006, June). Effectividad de EMDR en supervivientes adultas de abuso sexual en la infancia [Efficacy of EMDR in adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Istanbul, Turkey.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Keywords: Efficacy Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

136. Thieman, S. L. (2009). The effects of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) on traumatized children. Prescott College, AZ. AAT 1465372.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
The cost and benefits of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) on children who have endured trauma was reviewed in an effort to answer the following question: can EMDR, an established therapeutic tool for trauma recovery with adults, address the needs of children who are experiencing the after effects of trauma? This literature review included research on the brain, repercussions of trauma, and the process of EMDR treatment. A case study of an eight year old boy attending a psychiatric day treatment program depicts both childhood trauma and EMDR treatment and indicates that EMDR was an effective treatment modality for this boy with a history of abuse and neglect. The client's drawings indicate a reduction and release of trauma following a session of EMDR. These findings are congruent with much of the available literature.

Keywords: Children Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

137. Farkas, L. (2008, December). The effects of motivation-adaptive skills-trauma resolution (MASTR) - Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) on traumatized adolescents with conduct problems. Universite de Montreal, Canada. AAT NR55659.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Objective.- This dissertation explored the effectiveness of a treatment package, Motivation-Adaptive Skills-Trauma Resolution (MASTR) in combination with Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). This intervention was assessed in a sample of traumatized adolescents manifesting conduct problems (CPs) admitted to youth protective services. CP adolescents have been found to be particularly treatment-resistant and the treatments used with them often neglect to target the trauma that many of these youths have faced. Therefore, it seemed promising to implement a trauma-focused treatment with these youths that accounts for their resistance to treatment. MASTR-EMDR was studied with this population due to the favorable findings in the few studies assessing its use with high-risk populations. In addition to examining the effects of this treatment with CP youth exposed to various types of trauma, a particular focus was given to victims of sexual abuse (SA). This type of trauma seemed particularly suited for EMDR due to its circumscribed nature, which may be more easily worked through in this treatment that targets one trauma at a time.
Method.- Participants in the first study were 40 adolescents (ages 13-17) exhibiting CPs and exposed to trauma in youth protective services. A subsample (n = 30), consisting of victims of SA, was included in the second study. Participants in both studies were randomly assigned to MASTR-EMDR treatment or to a wait list condition where they were offered routine care. Self-report questionnaires and semi- structured interviews were administered to participants and one of their parents or caregivers by independent evaluators at three points in time: pre-treatment, post-treatment (12 weeks later) and follow-up (12 weeks after post-treatment). These measures evaluated trauma history, trauma-related sequelae, CPs, social competence and internalizing problems. The MASTR-EMDR sessions were administered once a week over a 12 week period, with each session lasting a maximum of 1.5 hours.
Results.- ANCOVAs and repeated measures ANCOVAs were used to assess treatment effects and the maintenance of gains at a 3-month follow-up. As predicted, MASTR-EMDR led to significant gains in outcome measures compared to routine treatment with both samples. In addition, gains were maintained at follow-up.
Conclusions.- This dissertation supports the use of MASTR-EMDR in populations exposed to general trauma and SA who exhibit CPs. This research was innovative in its implementation of a novel treatment-approach in youth protective services, where empirically-supported treatments are necessary and sometimes lacking. Therefore, the results have both clinical and scientific value and can help pave the way toward more trauma-focused treatments for CP youth, more evidence-based practices in youth protective services as well as enrich current understanding of the effects of this treatment approach.[Author Abstract]

Keywords: Conduct Problems Protective Services Psychotherapeutic Techniques Trauma Treatment Outcome Youth

Accuracy Verified: Yes

138. Hensel, T. (2005, September). Effektivität von EMDR bei psychisch traumatisierten kindern und jugendlichen [Effectiveness of EMDR with psychologically traumatized children and adolescents]. Jahrestagung der deutschsprachigen gesellschaft für psychotraumatologie DeGPT, Dresden .

Language: German

Format: Conference

Abstract: EMDR ist als ein effektives und ökonomisches Verfahren zur Behandlung von chronischer PTBS bei Erwachsenen anerkannt. Dieses Poster verdeutlicht die Effektivität von EMDR bei psychisch traumatisierten Kindern und Jugendlichen. Die kontrollierten Studien sind inhaltlich und in ihrer methodologischen Güte beschrieben und ausgewertet worden. Es sind sowohl singulär traumatisierte Kinder und Jugendliche nach einer Naturkatastrophe bzw. einer Explosion, wie auch sequentiell traumatisierte Kinder und Jugendliche mit sexuellem Missbrauch und Gewalterfahrungen behandelt worden. Alle Studien weisen EMDR als hoch effektiv aus. Dies gilt gleichermaßen für die Reduktion der PTB wie auch der komorbiden Symptome (Depression, Angst). Bemerkenswert ist, dass in den beiden Behandlungsvergleichen mit bewährten kognitiv-behavioralen Verfahren EMDR bei gleicher Effektivität signifikant effizienter war. Dies repliziert Ergebnisse aus dem Erwachsenenbereich (van Etten & Taylor, 1998). Obwohl die geringe Anzahl an Studien die Generalisierbarkeit der Ergebnisse einschränkt, scheint EMDR über alle untersuchten Alterstufen hinweg ein einheitliches Wirkprofil vorzuweisen.[Author abstract]

EMDR is recognized as an effective and economical method for the treatment of chronic PTSD in adults. This poster illustrates the effectiveness of EMDR with psychologically traumatized children and adolescents. Controlled studies are described and evaluated in terms of content and its methodological quality and has been. They are both singular traumatized children and adolescents after a natural disaster or an explosion, as well as sequentially traumatized children and adolescents treated with sexual abuse and violence. All the studies point out EMDR to be highly effective. This applies equally to the reduction of the PTB as well as the comorbid symptoms (depression), anxiety. It is noteworthy that cognitively in the two treatment comparisons with best-behavioral procedures with the same effectiveness of EMDR was significantly more efficient. This replicates results from the adult participants (Van Etten & Taylor, 1998). Although the small number of studies limits the generalizability of the results, it seems EMDR track record across all age groups studied a single-action profile. [Author abstract].

Keywords: Adolescents Children Poster Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

139. Daroff, L. H. (1996). Efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing procedure in the treatment of traumatic memories: A replication study. Temple University, Philadelphia, PA. AAT 9632020.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
The purpose of this replication study was either to support or refute the original Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing research conducted by Shapiro. The present study was amended with two additional indices to assess anxiety and social functioning.14 subjects suffering long standing (one or more years) traumatic memory symptomatology, concerning rape, physical abuse, incest, and childhood sexual molestation, were randomly assigned to one of two treatment conditions. Traumatic memories were pivotal to presenting symptoms, which included panic attacks, self-blaming/guilt, intrusive thoughts, anxiety, nightmares, insomnia and avoidant thinking/behavior. All subjects were diagnosed with PTSD, by an independent licensed clinical psychologist. There were 13 females and 1 male. The male subject was in the Control Group. Age range was from 25 to 49 years with a Mean age of 38.64 years. Range for age of traumatic event was five to 19 years of age, with a Mean age of 10.14 years. Range for duration of the subjects' symptoms since traumatic event was 18 to 44 years with a Mean age of 28.5 years. Dependent variables were (1) anxiety level, (2) validity of a positive self-statement/assessment of the traumatic incident, (3) primary presenting symptom and (4) social adjustment. Measures utilized were the Subjective Units of Disturbance Scale (SUDS), the Validity of Cognition (VoC) self evaluation, primary presenting symptom self report, the Impact of Event Scale (IES), and the Social Adjustment-Self Report (SAS-SR). Initial measures demonstrated that all subjects were essentially the same prior to any treatment. Measures were obtained at the initial session and at 1- and 3-month follow-up sessions. Where applicable the analyses conducted paralleled those used in the original research. The results of the study indicated that a single session of EMDR successfully desensitized the subjects' traumatic memory, significantly mediated their cognitive assessment of the situation, as well as their social adjustment. Treatment effects were maintained over the period of the study for all subjects. These findings support the original conclusions in Shapiro's seminal study of the Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing procedure. The exact neurological mechanisms involved in the Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing procedure remain unknown. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Anxiety Child Abuse Empirical Study Experimental Replication Incest Memory Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Self-Evaluation Social Adjustment Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

140. Shapiro, F. (1989, April). Efficacy of the eye movement desensitization procedure in the treatment of traumatic memories. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 2(2), 199-223. doi:10.1007/BF00974159.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of the recently developed Eye Movement Desensitization (EMD) procedure on traumatic memory symptomatology. 22 subjects suffering from symptoms related to traumatic memories were used in the study. All had been victims of traumatic incidents concerning the Vietnam War, childhood sexual molestation, sexual or physical assault, or emotional abuse. Memories of the traumatic incident were pivotal to the presenting complaints which included intrusive thoughts, flashbacks, sleep disturbances, low self-esteem, and relationship problems. Dependent variables were (1) anxiety level, (2) validity of a positive self-statement/assessment of the traumatic incident, and (3) presenting complaints. These measures were obtained at the initial session and at 1- and 3-month follow-up sessions. The results of the study indicated that a single session of the EMD procedure successfully desensitized the subjects' traumatic memories and dramatically altered their cognitive assessments of the situation, effects that were maintained through the 3-month follow-up check. This therapeutic benefit was accompanied by behavioral shifts which included the alleviation of the subjects' primary presenting complaints. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Americans Anxiety Combat Incest Memories Molestation Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Random Clinical Trial Rape RCT Survivors Trauma Veterans Vietnam War

Accuracy Verified: Yes

141. Stapleton, J. A., Taylor, S., & Asmundson, G. J. G. (2007, Spring). Efficacy of various treatments for PTSD in battered women: Case studies. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 21(1), 91-102. doi:10.1891/088983907780493287.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Spousal abuse and other forms of domestic violence can lead to PTSD. Little is known about how to best treat this form of PTSD. The current case series, based on data collected as part of a larger clinical trial, was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of exposure therapy, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), or relaxation therapy. 3 women with battered-spouse-related PTSD were assigned to one of these treatments. The patient receiving exposure responded well to treatment and no longer met the criteria for PTSD at post-treatment or at 3-month follow-up. The battered women in the other two conditions continued to meet the criteria for PTSD at post-treatment and at follow-up. The patterns of treatment response were similar to those experienced by individuals with other forms of PTSD (N = 42) examined in the larger trial. The results of these case studies encourage further studies of exposure therapy for battered-spouse-related PTSD. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Battered Women Canadians Exposure Therapy Domestic Violence Empirical Study Females Follow-Up Study Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PSTD Quantitative Study Relaxation Training Spouse Abuse Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

142. Cruz, M. R. (2010, Octubre/Noviembre). Eficácia del EMDR como técnica terapêutica en mujeres que presentan depresion por abuso sexual, que acuden al Hospital Cantonal de Sangolqui a consulta externa en el año 2007 [Effectiveness of EMDR as a therapeutic technique in women with depression, sexual abuse, who come to the Cantonal Hospital in outpatient Sangolqui in 2007]. Presentación en el II Congreso Iberoamericano de EMDR y Psicotrauma, Quito, Ecuador.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Keywords: Cantonal Hospital Depression Sangolqui Sexual Abuse Women

Accuracy Verified: Yes

143. Sack, M., Lempa, W., & Lamprecht, F. (1999). Eine neue psychotherapeutische behandlungsmethode für patienten mit posttraumatischer belastungsstörung: EMDR. Behandlungsdurchführung und ergebnisse einer pilotstudie [A new psychotherapy treatment for patients with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: EMDR. Treatment implementation and results of a pilot study]. Psychomed, 11, 164-169 .

Language: German

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Nicht erst seit dem Zugunglück von Eschede und den damit im Zusammenhang stehenden Medienberichten wird zunehmend auch in der Öffentlichkeit bekannt, daß psychische Traumatisierungen zu einer tiefen und anhaltenden Verletzung des Gefühls der persönlichen Sicherheit und Unverletzbarkeit führen können. Dies wird oft wie ein Riß im Selbstverständnis oder wie ein Zusammenbruch des persönlichen Weltbildes beschrieben. Plötzlich wird die Welt als bedrohlich erlebt. Der Betroffene fühlt sich schutzlos und ausgeliefert. Typische Symptome, die in der Folge von belastenden Ereignissen auftreten, sind Schlafstörungen und Alpträume, quälende Wiedererinnerungen, Ängste und situationsbezogenes Vermeidungsverhalten sowie erhöhte Schreckhaftigkeit und Konzentrationsstörungen. Normalerweise bilden sich diese Symptome innerhalb einiger Tage bis einiger Wochen zurück. Bleiben diese psychischen und psychosomatischen Beeinträchtigungen jedoch bestehen, so ist bei einem Vorliegen von länger als 3 Monaten eine Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung zu diagnostizieren. In den letzten Jahren wurde die Forschung über Traumafolgen erheblich intensiviert. Es wurden neue Erkenntnisse gewonnen, die dazu beigetragen haben, daß die psychotherapeutischen Verfahren zur Behandlung traumatisierter Menschen erheblich verbessert werden konnten. Seit vier Jahren behandelt die Abteilung Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie der MHH Menschen mit Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörungen im Rahmen einer Traumasprechstunde und erforscht die psychischen und biologischen Auswirkungen von Traumatisierungen. Epidemiologie Nach Ergebnissen einer Vielzahl von epidemiologischen Studien, ist die Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung (Posttraumatic stress disorder, kurz PTSD) infolge von Traumatisierungen in der Kindheit oder im späterem Leben, eine in ihrer Häufigkeit und sozioökonomischen Bedeutung lange unterschätzte Erkrankung. Unter Zugrundelegen der Diagnosekriterien der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung nach DSM-III-R liegt die Lebenszeitprävalenz in den USA für beide Geschlechter bei 7,8 Prozent bis 12,3 Prozent, wobei etwa doppelt so viele Frauen betroffen sind wie Männer (5). Für die deutsche Bevölkerung gib es noch keine epidemiologisch gesicherten Prävalenzzahlen, aber die Bedeutung von "Traumatisierungen" für die Entstehung oder für die erhebliche Verschlechterung psychischer Störungen wird immer deutlicher. Ein Beispiel hierfür ist die lebhafte Diskussion in den Medien über die psychischen Folgen von Traumatisierungen für Unfallopfer und Rettungskräfte in der letzten Zeit. Die empirischen und klinischen Befunde zu Traumatisierungen in der Kindheit haben Egle, Hoffmann & Joraschky jüngst in einer Monographie zusammengestellt (1). Danach ist die Rolle von Vernachlässigung, Mißbrauch und Mißhandlung für eine Reihe von psychischen Störungen wie Selbstverletzendem Verhalten, Borderline-Störungen und Dissoziativen Störungen mittlerweile unstrittig und scheint auch für Subgruppen von Patienten mit Eßstörungen, Angststörungen, Persönlichkeitsstörungen und Somatisierungsstörungen von erheblicher Relevanz zu sein. Weit unterschätzt ist zudem die Häufigkeit von Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörungen infolge von Unfällen oder Einsätzen in Krisengebieten. 20 Jahre nach dem Vietnamkrieg leiden noch immer ca. 15 Prozent aller Vietnamkriegsveteranen an einer PTSD. Opfer von Gewaltverbrechen und Überfällen sowie auch Zeugen von Gewalttaten, wie z.B. Rettungspersonal und Feuerwehrangehörige, stellen eine weitere Risikogruppe für die Entwicklung einer PTSD dar.

Not since the train wreck of Eschede and the related media reports, is increasingly known to the public that psychological trauma can lead to a deep and persistent breach of the feeling of personal safety and invulnerability. This is often described as a crack in the self or as a breakdown of the personal worldview. Suddenly the world is experienced as threatening. The person concerned feels defenseless and delivered. Typical symptoms that occur as a result of stressful events are insomnia and nightmares, distressing recollections, fears and situational avoidance behavior and increased nervousness and difficulty concentrating. Usually these symptoms are back within a few days to a few weeks. But they remain psychological and psychosomatic disturbances exist, so with a presence of more than 3 months is a post-traumatic stress disorder to diagnose. In recent years, research on consequences of trauma was significantly intensified. It gained new insights that have contributed to the psychotherapeutic method for the treatment of traumatized people could be greatly improved. For four years, the Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, MHH treats people with post-traumatic stress disorder in a trauma clinic and explores the psychological and biological effects of trauma. Epidemiology According to results of a large number of epidemiological studies, post-traumatic stress disorder (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, PTSD short) as a result of trauma in childhood or in later life, a decrease in frequency and socio-economic importance of long underestimated disease. Inter alia with the diagnostic criteria of posttraumatic stress disorder according to DSM-III-R lifetime prevalence in the U.S. is for both sexes at 7.8 percent to 12.3 percent, with about twice as many women are affected as men (5). For the German people give it no epidemiological prevalence data secure, but the meaning of "trauma" in the development or for the serious deterioration of mental disorders is increasingly clear. An example is the lively discussion in the media about the psychological consequences of trauma for victims and rescue workers in recent times. The empirical and clinical findings concerning traumatic experiences in childhood have Egle, Hoffmann & Joraschky recently compiled in a monograph (1). Then disorders the role of neglect, abuse and mistreatment for a number of mental disorders such as self-injurious behavior, borderline disorders and dissociative now undisputed, and appears to be for subgroups of patients with eating disorders, anxiety disorders, personality disorders and somatization disorders is of considerable relevance. Also greatly underestimated the incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder as a result of accidents or operations in critical areas. 20 years after the Vietnam War still suffer about 15 percent of Vietnam War veterans in a PTSD. Victims of violent crimes and robberies, as well as witnesses of violence, such as Rescue workers and firefighters, are another risk group for the development of PTSD dar.

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

144. Artigas, L., & Jarero, I. (2005, March). El abrazo de la mariposa [The butterfly hug]. Revista de Psicotrauma para Iberoamérica, 4(1), 30-31.

Language: Spanish

Format: Journal

Abstract:
E.M.D.R. Son las siglas de Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, que se podría traducir como Desensibilización y reprocesamiento por medio de movimiento oculares. Se trata de un tratamiento psicoterapéutico innovador utilizado para tratar un amplio rango de patologías. Originalmente fue diseñado por F. Shapiro en 1987 para tratar el estrés postraumático y su eficacia fue probada experimentalmente para casos de abusos infantiles, violaciones, veteranos de la guerra de Vietnam y otros trastornos. Su éxito fue tan rotundo que se multiplicaron las investigaciones sobre su capacidad de curar otras patologías, demostrándose su utilidad en los trastornos que implican ansiedad, dolor crónico, duelos y fobias. Cientos de estudios de casos han sido publicados y la amplia investigación experimental realizada en EEUU y en Europa El abrazo Mariposa es una técnica de Auto control.

E.M.D.R. Stands for Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, which could be translated as Desensitization and Reprocessing Eye Movement. This is an innovative psychotherapy used to treat a wide range of pathologies. Originally designed by F. Shapiro in 1987 to treat PTSD and its effectiveness was tested experimentally for cases of child abuse, rape, veterans of the Vietnam War and other disorders. Its success was so resounding that multiplied the research on their ability to cure other diseases, proving its usefulness in disorders involving anxiety, chronic pain, grief and phobias. Hundreds of case studies have been published and extensive experimental research conducted in the U.S. and Europe The butterfly hug is a technique of self-control.

Keywords: Butterfly Hug

Accuracy Verified: Yes

145. Armendariz, M., & Noguerol, V. (2012, June). El abuso sexual intrafamiliar: La epidemia silenciosa. Comentarios en torno a la película "No tengas miedo" [Intrafamiliar sexual abuse: The hidden epidemics. Comments about the movie: "Don't be afraid"]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
No abstract available.

Keywords: Intrafamiliar Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

146. Rosental, V. (2008, Diciembre 16). El método de EMDR: Un cambio de paradigma [The method of EMDR: A paradigm shift]. DePsicoterapias S.R.L. Retrieved from http://www.depsicoterapias.com/articulo.asp?IdArticulo=454 om 1/4/2009.

Language: Spanish

Format: Other

Abstract:
Patient refers to the 36 years of age. At the time of the consultation being conducted psychiatric and psychological treatments with no results since 1995, with a diagnosis of Panic Attack. The beginning of the problem is after the Falklands war. It was in 1985 when he choose to go first because he felt well, was very nervous and irritable. The clinician, after several routine tests it shows that he's fine, but prescribed an anxiolytic, psychoactive drug that took for 11 years until 1996. In that year is referred to a psychiatrist and a psychologist for his repeated visits to the emergency. He had been in the Falklands war as a conscript. Upon returning, he could not concentrate, so it decided to abandon their tertiary studies a year to graduate. Was isolated in addition to all his friends. He married his neighbor with whom he has two children. Had marital difficulties and job instability Patient refers to the 36 years of age. At the time of the consultation being conducted psychiatric and psychological treatments with no results since 1995, with a diagnosis of Panic Attack. The beginning of the problem is after the Falklands war. It was in 1985 when he choose to go first because he felt well, was very nervous and irritable. The clinician, after several routine tests it shows that he's fine, but prescribed an anxiolytic, psychoactive drug that took for 11 years until 1996. In that year is referred to a psychiatrist and a psychologist for his repeated visits to the emergency. He had been in the Falklands war as a conscript. Upon returning, he could not concentrate, so it decided to abandon their tertiary studies a year to graduate. Was isolated in addition to all his friends. He married his neighbor with whom he has two children. Had marital difficulties and job instability Trabajo desde hace años en esta profesión, la psicología, una especialidad que puede ayudar a muchas personas que sufren, que estoy investigando y encontrando nuevas maneras de dar a los pacientes alternativas que conduzcan a un cambio real. En este viaje tuve la oportunidad de explorar el mundo un poco más emocionante de la mente humana a través de un enfoque integrado que cambió mi paradigma de la psicoterapia. Me refiero a EMDR, basado en el modelo de procesamiento de información, una poderosa herramienta para aliviar el sufrimiento de los pacientes que nos consultan a tiempo para mantener sus logros. reprocesamiento de adaptación se lleva a cabo a nivel neurofisiológico que permite a la salud mental.

Working for years in this profession, psychology, a specialty that can help many people suffering, I am researching and finding new ways to give patients alternatives that lead to real change. In this journey I had the opportunity to explore a bit more exciting world of the human mind through an integrated approach that changed my paradigm of psychotherapy. I refer to EMDR, based on the information processing model, a powerful tool to alleviate the suffering of patients who consult us in time sustaining their achievements. Adaptive reprocessing takes place at a neurophysiological level that enables mental health. The letters called EMDR that mean in English: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, which translates as desensitization and reprocessing eye movement. It is a method to work emotional difficulties caused by traumatic events such as war, natural disasters, accidents, assaults, duels unprocessed disturbing childhood experiences as well as phobias, somatic diseases and disorders, anxiety and disruptive behavior.

Keywords: Practice, Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

147. Blore, D., & Holmshaw, D. (2009). EMDR "blind to therapist protocol". In M. Luber (Ed.), Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) scripted protocols: Basics and special situations, (pp. 233-240). New York: Springer Publishing Co.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
The "Blind to Therapist Protocol" (B2T) is, essentially, that. It allows a client to go through the Standard EMDR Protocol, without revealing the content of the problem. This protocol is often used in conjunction with any client group in which divulging information might be uncomfortable to the individual prior to the use of EMDR. It has been used to treat train engineers, airplane pilots, ship captains, police officers, prison guards, doctors, nurses, paramedics, and firemen—workers characterized by the need to make life-and-death decisions for which they are personally responsible. In other words, those who have memories associated with not being in control at precisely the time when they are responsible for being in control. Another client group that can often have difficulties with divulging information is child abuse survivors where the client fears overwhelming or disgusting the therapist with the nature of the material to be treated. In such instances the protocol is very successful and can be a useful addition to the therapist's repertoire. It helps build the therapeutic relationship by demonstrating to the client that the therapist has trust in them. Once the client has seen how the therapist copes with material being raised, the Standard EMDR Protocol would be used. The Blind to Therapist Protocol Script is presented. [PsycINFO Database]

Keywords: EMDR Blind to Therapist Protocol Script Survivors Therapeutic Relationship Traumatic Memories

Accuracy Verified: Yes

148. Heiman, M., Packwood, S., Becker-Fritz, T., Carson, S., Donovan, L., Froning, M., & Peterson, G. (2003, June). EMDR & children: A guide for parents, professionals, and others who care about children. EMDR International Association.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing is a treatment method that is effective for resolving emotional difficulties caused by disturbing, difficult, or frightening life experiences. EMDR has been used to help children overcome traumatic events and other childhood problems and symptoms.

Keywords: Brochure Children Guide

Accuracy Verified: Yes

149. Konuk, E., & Ergun, B. M. (2012, June). EMDR & complex post traumatic stress disorder [EMDR y Trastorno por estrés post-‐traumático complejo]. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Complex Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (C-‐PTSD) is a psychological injury that results from protracted and repeated exposure to traumatic stressor. Though the literature in recent years presented and published papers on C-‐PTSD, the category is under consideration for inclusion in DSM or ICD. PTSD descriptions fail to capture some of the core elements of C-‐PTSD. Such elements include captivity, psychological fragmentation, the loss of a sense of safety, trust, and self-‐ worth, as well as the tendency to be re-‐victimized, and the loss of a coherent sense of self. It is this loss of a coherent sense of self, and the ensuing symptom profile, that most pointedly differentiates C-‐PTSD from PTSD. Six clusters of symptom have been suggested for diagnosis of C-‐PTSD. These are; 1. Alterations in regulation of affect and impulses 2. Alterations in attention or consciousness 3. Alterations in self-‐perception 4. Alterations in relations with others 5. Somatization 6. Alterations in systems of meaning The aim of this workshop is to present C-‐PTSD and the use of EMDR treatment of a severely disturbed young woman with unfinished bereavement for her mother lost 10 years ago, series of sexual abuse by 12 persons, rejection and emotional abuse by close family members. The case will be presented via DVD recordings of sessions.

El trastorno por estrés post-‐traumático complejo (C-‐TEPT) es una lesión psicológica consecuencia de una exposición prolongada y repetida a un estresor traumático. Si bien la literatura ha presentado y publicado trabajos sobre C-‐TEPT en los últimos años, la categoría se encuentra sometida a debate para su inclusión en el DSM o CIE. Las descripciones de TEPT no captan algunos de los elementos esenciales de C-‐ TEPT. Dichos elementos incluyen la fragmentación psicológica, la pérdida de una sensación de seguridad, confianza y valor propio de la persona, así como la tendencia a sufrir nuevas victimizaciones y la pérdida de un sentido coherente del yo. Es precisamente esta pérdida un sentido coherente del yo y el perfil sintomatológico consecuente, lo que diferencia más marcadamente el C-‐TEPT del TEPT. Se han planteado los siguientes seis grupos (“clusters”) de síntomas para el diagnóstico de C-‐TEPT: 1. Alteraciones de la regulación del afecto e impulsos 2. Alteraciones de la atención o conocimiento 3. Alteraciones de la auto-‐percepción 4. Alteraciones de las relaciones con terceros 5. Somatización Alteraciones de los sistemas de significado El objetivo que persigue este taller es el de presentar el C-‐TEPT y el empleo del tratamiento con EMDR de una joven gravemente perturbada con duelo incompleto por la pérdida de su madre hacía 10 años, una serie de abusos sexuales por parte de 12 personas, el rechazo y abuso emocional por parte de familiares cercanos. Se presentará el caso mediante las grabaciones en DVD de las sesiones.

Keywords: Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder C-PTSD Complex PSTD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

150. Korn, D. (2010, April). EMDR & the treatment of adult survivors of childhood abuse and neglect: EMDR aanpassingen voor disregulatie bij Complexe PTSS [EMDR adaptations dysregulation in complex PTSD]. Keynote presented at the 4th EMDR Association Netherlands Conference, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Wanneer clienten met vroege, chronische traumatisering door middel van EMDR behandeld worden, moet de therapeut vaak als een soort ‘psychobiologische regelaar’ functioneren, om ervan verzekerd te zijn dat cliënten binnen hun Window of Tolerance blijven. De EMDR therapeut dient daarvoor actief te zijn in het bepalen van het optimale tempo van het verwerkingsproces gedurende de EMDR zitting. Dit is van belang om toegang te kunnen krijgen tot de eerder gedissocieerde kennis, gedragsmatige impulsen, gevoelens, en/of sensaties, en deze te kunnen blijven verdragen. De therapeut moet in staat zijn de signalen van disregulatie (bv hyper/hypo-arousal, bevriezen, dissociëren) te herkennen en door middel van specifieke interweaves erop in te kunnen spelen, om de cliënt in het proces te houden en te helpen met het verwerken van diverse aspecten met betrekking tot verantwoordelijkheid, veiligheid en keuze. Deze keynote zal een kader neerzetten voor het werken met complexe PTSS en disregulatie. Een aantal specifieke technieken, gericht op het omzeilen van therapeutische valkuilen bij deze chronisch getraumatiseerde cliënten, zullen kort worden besproken. Dit zal verduidelijkt worden door middel van opnames van EMDR sessies waarin er van moment tot moment de interacties tussen de therapeut en de cliënt geanalyseerd zullen worden. In de eendaagse workshop op de maandag na het congres zal veel uitvoeriger ingegaan worden op de ‘hoe, wat, wanneer en waarom vragen’ in de behandeling van Complexe PTSS.

When clients with early, chronic trauma treated by EMDR, the therapist often as a kind of 'psychobiological regulator "function, to satisfy itself that its customers remain within their Window of Tolerance. The EMDR therapist is therefore to be active in determining the optimal pace of the process during the EMDR session. This is important in order to be granted access to the previously dissociated knowledge, behavioral impulses, feelings, and/or sensations, and to continue to bear. The therapist should be able to dysregulation of signals (e.g. hyper / hypo-arousal, freezing, dissociate) to recognize specific interweaves through it in order to respond to the client in the process to keep and help in processing various aspects of responsibility, security and choice. This keynote will provide a framework drop for working with complex PTSD and dysregulation. Some specific techniques designed to circumvent these therapeutic pitfalls in chronically traumatized clients, will be briefly discussed. This will be clarified by means of recordings of sessions in which EMDR is from moment to moment interactions between therapist and client will be analyzed. The one-day workshop on the Monday after the congress will be much more detailed presentation on the 'how, what, when and why questions "in the treatment of Complex PTSD.

Keywords: Abuse Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Complex PTSD C-PTSD Keynote Neglect

Accuracy Verified: Yes

151. Ersen, M., & Cumartesi, H. (2009, Aralık). EMDR İle kronik başağrılarına son [EMDR with chronic headaches]. Aktüel Psikoloji.

Language: Turkish

Format: Other

Abstract:
EMDR, savaş stresi, taciz, doğal afetler veya çocukluk döneminde yaşanan üzücü olaylar gibi rahatsız edici deneyimlerin neden olduğu duygusal sorunlarda kullanılan psikolojik bir yöntem. Ayrıca fobi, performans kaygısı, panik bozukluk, yas, kronik ağrı ve başka sorunların tedavisinde de uygulanıyor. Davranış Bilimleri Entitüsü uzmanları, yöntemi kullandıkları kişilerin migren ve kronik baş ağrılarının azaldığını tespit edince migren hastalarıyla bir çalışma başlattı. Gaziosmanpaşa Hastanesi’nden en şiddetli migren hastalarını kendilerine yönlendirmelerini istediler. 10 hastaya EMDR uyguladılar. Hastalarda atak şiddeti, sıklığı, süresi ve alınan ilaçlarda ciddi düşüşler oldu.

EMDR, war stress, harassment, or natural disasters experienced in childhood, such as the irritating experience distressing events caused by psychological methods used in emotional problems. In addition, phobias, performance anxiety, panic disorder, age, in the treatment of chronic pain and other problems are being implemented. Behavioral Sciences Entitüsü experts, the method they use people and chronic migraine headaches migraine patients reduced their study found that when launched. The most severe migraine patients themselves Gaziosmanpaşa Hospital referrals wanted. 10 hastaya EMDR uyguladılar. EMDR applied to 10 patients. Attacks in patients with severity, frequency, duration and had taken drugs for serious decline.

Keywords: Emre Konuk Headaches Migraines

Accuracy Verified: Yes

152. Shapiro, F., & Sherwel, C. (2004). EMDR (Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing): Desensibilizacion y reprocesamiento por medio de moimiento ocular [EMDR (Eye Movement desensitization and reprocessing): Desensitization and reprocessing of eye movement]. México: Pax México.

Language: Spanish

Format: Book

Abstract:
En tan solo unos cuantos años, el modo EMDR se ha convertido en el tratamiento más elaborado para el desorden de estrés postraumático (entre otras perturbaciones). El método EMDR es un tratamiento legítimo y poderoso. Modelo integral y eficiente en el tratamiento de experiencias perturbadoras, el método EMDR incorpora diversos aspectos de terapias sistémicas, psicodinámicas, experienciales, conductuales y corporales. Consiste en ocho fases que comprenden el uso de movimientos oculares y otras formas de estimulación izquierda-derecha. Es eficaz para tratar el desorden de estrés postraumático y reprocesar pensamientos y recuerdos perturbadores o problemas psicológicos de sobrevivientes de traumas, de abuso sexual, de crímenes, de combate bélico, así como de fobias y desórdenes causados por experiencias vivenciales y proporciona en poco tiempo efectos clínicos profundos y estables. Con descripciones y transcripciones detalladas, la autora guía al clínico por cada etapa del tratamiento terapéutico, desde la selección de los clientes hasta la aplicación del método y su integración dentro de un plan integral de tratamiento clínico. Escrito de manera accesible, este libro es una guía invaluable tanto para los clínicos experimentados en el tratamiento EMDR como para las personas que acaban de conocer el método, y para los estudiantes avanzados de psicología clínica y psicoterapia.

In just a few years, how EMDR has become more elaborate treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (in other disturbances). EMDR is a legitimate and powerful treatment. Comprehensive and efficient model in the treatment of disturbing experiences, EMDR incorporates various aspects of systemic therapies, psychodynamic, experiential, behavioral and physical. It consists of eight phases that include the use of eye movements and other forms of left-right stimulation. Is effective in treating post-traumatic stress disorder and reprocess disturbing thoughts and memories or psychological problems of survivors of trauma, sexual abuse, crimes of war fighting, as well as phobias and disorders caused by life experiences and provides in a short time effects clinical deep and stable. With detailed descriptions and transcripts, the author guides the clinician through every stage of therapeutic treatment, from selection of clients to the application of the method and its integration into a comprehensive clinical treatment. Written in an accessible, this book is an invaluable guide both for experienced clinicians in the EMDR treatment to people who just know the method, and for advanced students of clinical psychology and psychotherapy.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

153. Parnell, L. (2001). EMDR - Der weg aus dem trauma: Über die heilung von traumata und emotionalen verletzungen [Transforming trauma: EMDR]. Paderborn: Junfermann Verlag GmbH & Co.

Language: German

Format: Book

Abstract:
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) hat Tausenden von Menschen geholfen, die von schrecklichen Mißbrauchserlebnissen oder von Traumata verfolgt wurden. Die neue Methode vermag auch Patienten zu helfen, bei denen andere Therapieformen versagt haben, darunter Menschen, die an chronischen Problemen wie Eßstörungen, Angstzuständen, einem schwachen Selbstwertgefühl, Depressionen und Störungen ihrer Leistungsfähigkeit leiden. EMDR bringt Millionen von Menschen neue Hoffnung, denen gesagt wurde, ihre Genesung werde sich wohl über ihr ganzes weiteres Leben hinziehen. Die EMDR-Therapie bettet die Technik der Augenbewegung in einen umfassenden Ansatz ein, durch den Informationen verarbeitet werden, die sich in unverarbeiteter Form in Körper und Geist des Patienten verkapselt haben. Dadurch werden die Betroffenen von belastenden Bildern und Körperempfindungen, bedrückenden Emotionen und Einschränkenden Überzeugungen befreit. Bei Anwendung dieser Methode tritt die Heilung nicht nur wesentlich schneller ein als in der traditionellen Therapie, sondern die Klienten erleben auch ein Gefühl der Freude, Offenheit und tiefen Verbundenheit mit anderen. Laurel Parnell veranschaulicht uns auf fesselnde Weise die Wirkung von EMDR. In ihren mutmachenden Heilungsberichten versetzt sie die Leser in die Psyche ihrer Klienten, wo die Traumata, die jene in der Vergangenheit erlebt haben, erstarrt sind. Die Autorin veranschaulicht auf sorgsame, persönliche und verständliche Weise, wie EMDR es Menschen ermöglicht, über das bloße Überleben eines traumatischen Erlebnisse hinaus zu einer Erfahrung des Wohlbefindens und der Ganzheit zu gelangen. Ein allgemeinverständlich geschriebenes Buch, das allen, die sich erstmals mit dieser neuen revolutionären Therapieform beschäftigen wollen, einen umfassenden Einblick über die Methodik, den Ablauf, die vielfältigen Einsatzmöglichkeiten und die ungezählten erfolgreich durchgeführten Therapien vermittelt: Informativ. Fesselnd geschrieben. Hoffnung auf Heilung vermittelnd. Ein idealer Einstieg in EMDR.

EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) has helped thousands of people who were haunted by terrible abuse experiences or trauma. The new method can also help patients who have not responded to other therapies, including people who suffer from chronic problems such as eating disorders, anxiety, a low self-esteem, depression and disturbances of their capabilities. EMDR brings new hope to millions of people who have been told, their recovery will probably drag on through its entire life. The EMDR therapy embeds the technique of eye movement in a comprehensive approach that will be processed by the information, which have encapsulated in the natural state of body and mind of the patient. Thus the person concerned of incriminating images and body sensations, emotions and limiting beliefs are oppressive, free. In applying this method, the healing occurs not only much faster than in a traditional therapy, but the clients also experience a feeling of joy, openness and deep connection with others. Laurel Parnell are illustrated with fascinating way, the effect of EMDR. In its encouragement healing reports, they leave readers into the psyche of their clients, where the traumas, the former have experienced in the past freezes are. The author demonstrates in careful, personal and understandable way, such as EMDR allows people to reach beyond the mere survival of a traumatic experience also an experience of wellness and wholeness. A book, written in generally understandable to all, who would first deal with this revolutionary new form of therapy, provides a comprehensive insight into the methodology, process, the various applications and successfully executed countless therapies: Informative. written captivating. Hope for healing mediator. An ideal introduction to EMDR.

Keywords: Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

154. Hensel, T. (2008). EMDR - Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. In M. A. Landolt & T. Hensel, (Hg) Traumatherapie bei Kindern und Jugendlichen [Trauma therapy in children and adolescents] (s. 61-83) Gottingen: Hogrefe.

Language: German

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Im vorliegenden Buch werden in einer umfassenden Übersicht die aktuellen Methoden der Traumatherapie im Kindes- und Jugendalter detailliert vorgestellt. Namhafte und erfahrene Vertreter der verschiedenen Therapieverfahren präsentieren die theoretischen Grundlagen, das therapeutische Vorgehen sowie den Stand der wissenschaftlichen Evidenz der einzelnen Methoden und illustrieren den Therapieansatz anhand von Fallbeispielen. Dargestellt werden sowohl ambulante als auch stationäre Behandlungsansätze, wie beispielsweise die traumafokussierte kognitiv-behaviorale Therapie, EMDR, die Narrative Expositionstherapie für Kinder, die traumazentrierte Spieltherapie, die psychodynamisch imaginative Traumatherapie für Kinder usw. Erstmalig im deutschen Sprachraum liegt damit eine praxisnahe und umfassende Übersicht über die verschiedenen Verfahren der Traumatherapie im Kindes- und Jugendalter vor. Das Buch kann nicht nur von Psychotherapeuten mit Gewinn gelesen werden, sondern gibt auch allen anderen Fachpersonen, die mit traumatisierten Kindern arbeiten, wichtige Informationen zur Behandlung von Traumafolgestörungen.

In this book are presented in detail in a comprehensive overview of the current methods of trauma treatment in childhood and adolescence. Well-known and experienced representatives of the various treatment methods present the theoretical bases, the therapeutic approach, and the available scientific evidence of each method and illustrate the therapeutic approach with case studies . Shown are both outpatient and inpatient treatment approaches, such as cognitive- behavioral therapy traumafokussierte, EMDR, narrative exposure therapy for the children who traumazentrierte play therapy, the psychodynamic imaginative trauma therapy for children, etc. For the first time in the German language so that there is a practical and comprehensive overview over the different methods of trauma treatment in childhood and adolescence. The book can be read with profit not only by psychotherapists, but also all other professionals who work with traumatized children, important information for the treatment of traumatic stress disorders.

Keywords: Children Adolescents

Accuracy Verified: Yes

155. Shapiro, F. (2009, December). EMDR and adaptive information processing: Applications to individual and family therapy. Presentation at the 6th Evolution of Psychotherapy Conference, Anaheim, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR directly addresses the physiologically stored memory networks that underlie both psychological problems and mental health. This orientation to both case conceptualization and treatment will be explored to address diverse clinical applications, including attachment issues, body image, chronic pain, substance abuse, sexual dysfunction, personality disorders, and other presenting complaints. The Integration of EMDR with family therapy practices will also be discussed.

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing

Accuracy Verified: Yes

156. Omaha, J. (2004, June). EMDR and affect centered therapy. Presentation at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, Stockholm, Sweden .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Aim: This presentation will describe the integration of principles of emotion regulation into EMDR therapy for a range of disorders. Population: All ages; mostly Axis I and II disorders. Learning objectives: 1) to describe the development of emotion regulation beginning in the context of the attachment and continuing through adolescence; 2) to describe the origin of emotion dysregulation and psychopathology in deficit experience adversity, and trauma; 3) to describe a protocol, Affect Management Skills Training (AMST), that remediates failures of emotion regulation; 4) to describe how AMST prepares the client for uncovering therapy by providing for containment, safety, emotion regulation, improved left-right hemisphere integration, and remediation of attachment deficits; 5) to describe integration of MAST into EMDR therapies for substance abuse and eating disorders. Abstract: The workshop will summarize the principal affective developments that occur from birth through age four. These include fulfillment of yearning affect, facial imprinting, gaze transaction, stimulation of positive affect, and provision of optimal disapproval-shame experiences. The qualities of the child of “good enough” parenting are described. Developmental failures and their consequences for affect regulation and psychopathology will be described. These include: (1) avoidant attachment leading to problems of anger management, to depression, and development of narcissistic features; (2) anxious-ambivalent attachment leading to development of anxiety-related disorders and borderline features; (3) failure to elicit optimal positive affects leading to impaired vitality across the life span and depression; (4) socialization of the senior toddler with anger, leading to problems with anger expression, or with disgust, leading to problems with shame, impaired self-worth, and defective self-efficacy. Adversity (raised by a single parent, witness to spousal abuse, divorce, substance abuse in the home) and trauma (psychological, physical, and/or sexual abuse) occurring during latency and adolescence will be shown to exacerbate difficulties with emotional regulation.
The seven basic skills of the AMST protocol will be described. These skills provide for regocnition, tolerance, and regulation of both positive and negative emtoins. They include containment, safe place, sensation-affect recognition, sensation-as-signal, grounded and present, noticing, and regulation.
The workshop will describe how AMST prepares the client for uncovering therapy and for EMDR by teaching the client to regulate emotion prior to it elicitation in therapy, by improving hemispheric integration, and by correcting deficits in the attachment.
The workshop concludes by describing how MAST is integrated into EMDR therapy for substance abuse disorders (alcohol, drugs, nicotine) and eating disorders.

Keywords: Affect Centered Therapy Affect Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

157. Morris-Smith, J. (2007, April). EMDR and children: Europe leads the way. Therapy Today, 18(3), 9-12.

Language: English

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
It may come as a surprise to discover that Europe is leading the way in the development of Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) psychotherapy for children and adolescents, and in teaching therapists how to adapt the adult protocol1 for the developmental needs of childhood. How has this been achieved.[Author]

Keywords: Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

158. Paulsen, S. L. (2003, September). EMDR and ego state therapy: Energizing disowned aspects of self with dissociative table technique interwoven with EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Ego State Therapy is a tool for EMDR practitioners seeking to resolve looping, identify early childhood targets, enhance containment, and more. Dissociative Table is an ego state approach that enables rapid visualization of disowned ego states without formal trance induction. It energizes and egotizes aspects of self so that resistance can reduced through internal education and mediation. EMDR and ego state therapy can be interwoven to manage the level of affective arousal by creating closeness to or distance from disturbing material. The workshop will also present ACT-AS-IF, a step-by-step approach to preparing dissociative clients for EMDR processing.

Keywords: Act-As-If Dissociative Table Technique Ego State Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

159. Sochaczewsky, E. M. (2001, May). EMDR and intergenerational violence in a children's psychiatric hospital. Presentation at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, London, UK .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Most of the children who come to our Clinic are multi-traumatised and very often they have been hurt in their own families. Domestic violence is usually understood as physical and sexual abuse and neglect, and we have learned to look at the "T-traumatas", Silent Violence, the "t-traumatas", including constant negative feedback to the child, devaluation and narcissistic abuse suffered from for many years in the "ghetto family" do also cause severe woundings, which we have not yet learned to look at.

Keywords: Children Intergenerational Violence

Accuracy Verified: Yes

160. Standart, S., & Wood, C. (2011, October). EMDR and mindfullness. Presentation at the 3rd annual EMDR Autumn Workshop Conference, Durham, England.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
A presentation of on a case series of complex Type II PTSD for early childhood and adult trauma with scores of 50+ on the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) and using a phased approach to EMDR with mindfulness practice prior to EMDR. Descriptions of mindfulness practice and EMDR protocol use with outcome measure on the DES, Impact of Events Scale score (IES-R) and a depression Inventory will be presented Global outcomes such as occupational and social functioning will also be described for these clients. Working with clients with complex trauma and marked dissociation and how to develop a timely phased protocol for these difficult to engage clients. (Author abstract)

Keywords: Mindfulness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

161. Zaccagnino, M. & Cussino, M. (2012, June). EMDR and parenting: A case-report [EMDR y crianza de los hijos: Un informe de caso]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Attachment research has investigated the role of parents’ attachment representation on the quality of attachment developed by their children (George, Kaplan e Main, 1984/1985/1996; van Ijzerdoorn, 1995). Past research on children has shown that there is an association between problematic care-‐giving, attachment insecurity and psychopathology (e.g., Greenberg, 1999; O’Connor, Marvin, Rutter, Olrick, & Britner, 2003; Rutter, 2006). On the other hand, secure attachment in childhood and adulthood is typically associated with a history of involvement in supportive and sensitive care giving relationships (Cairns, 2002; Mikulincer & Shaver, 2007). The results lead to the hypothesis of the intergenerational transmission of attachment identified by van Ijzendoorn (1995). These studies, however, failed to explain why insecure attachment in the parent does not necessarily lead to an insecure attachment pattern of the child, nor why children can develope insecure patterns of attachment even in the case of positive attachment experiences with caregivers (Solomon e George, 2000). In the light of these considerations, and recovering an aspect sharpened by Bowlby (1969), George and Solomon (1999; Solomon e George, 2000) proposed a different approach to the study of parent-‐child relationship, point up the differences between the attachment system and the caregiving system, despite the mutual influences due to their complementarity. These authors have proposed to investigate the specific characteristics of the system of caregiving, paying more attention to the current relationship between child and parent. Their hypothesis is that the characteristics of that relationship may affect the link between past attachment experiences of the caregiver and attachment pattern developed by the child, representing a significant element for understanding the behavior and the quality of the care of the caregiver. Therefore, the IWM of the parent would be the most important predictor of the quality of attachment developed by the children, as capable of driving the mental state of the caregiver to him (Solomon e George, 1996). Given these assumptions, it is clear that traumatic experiences in the parent, stored in a dysfunctional way, can be reactivated in the parent’s caregiving system, defining an IWM of attachment system of the child that holds the memory traces of such traumatic events. In this regard, a series of tools such as the Child Attachment Interview (Target et al. 2007) and the Parent Development Interview (Slade et al. 1993) which constitute a needful resource for the assessment of IWM of attachment and caregiving system will be presented. A clinical case in which mother in EMDR treatment had an indirect positive effect on mother-‐child relationship and on the child’s wellbeing will be reported. The results have been documented and show clear changes in the mental representations of the caregiving system measured with PDI. The results will be shown.

La investigación sobre el apego ha proporcionado representaciones del rol del apego parental en función de la calidad del apego desarrollado por sus hijos (George, Kaplan e Main, 1984/1985/1996; van Ijzerdoorn, 1995). Investigaciones anteriores han mostrado que existe una asociación entre los cuidadores problemáticos y el apego inseguro y la psicopatológica (e.g., Greenberg, 1999; O’Connor, Marvin, Rutter, Olrick, & Britner, 2003; Rutter, 2006). Por otro lado, el apego seguro en la infancia y la etapa adulta es asociado con una historia de participación activa y sensible de las relaciones de los cuidadores (Cairns, 2002; Mikulincer & Shaver, 2007). Los resultados nos llevan a la hipótesis de transmisión intergeneracional del apego identificada por Van Ijzendoorn (1995). Estos estudios, sin embargo, fallaron a la hora de explicar porqué el apego inseguro de los padres no desembocaba necesariamente a un patrón de apego inseguro en el niño, no debido a que los patrones inseguros del apego del niño pueden llegar a desarrollarse incluso con unas experiencias positivas de apego con sus cuidadores (Solomon e George, 2000). En línea con estas investigaciones y recuperando un aspecto propuesto por Bowlby (1969), George e Solomon (1999; Solomon e George, 2000) (1969), los cuales propusieron un enfoque diferente en el estudio de las relaciones padres-‐ hijo, señalando las diferencias entre el sistema de apego y el sistema de cuidados, debido a las influencias entre ambos debido a que son complementarios. Estos autores se propusieron investigar las características específicas del sistema de cuidado, prestando más atención a la relación entre el niño y el cuidador. Nuestra hipótesis es que las características de dicha relación pueden afectar al enlace entre las experiencias pasadas de apego del cuidador y los patrones de apego desarrollados por el niño, representando un elemento importante para el entendimiento del comportamiento y la calidad del cuidado. Sin embargo el IWM del padre, puede ser uno de os predictores más importantes a la hora de estimar la calidad del apego desarrollada por el niño, capaz de conducir el estado mental del cuidador al suyo propio (Solomon e George, 1996). Tomando estas afirmaciones, está claro que las experiencias traumáticas en los padres, almacenadas de manera disfuncional, pueden ser reactivadas en el sistema de cuidado de los padres, definiendo un IWN de sistema de apego del niño que guarda trazas de memoria de dichos eventos traumáticos En relación con esto presentaremos una serie de herramientas como la “Child Attachment Interview (Target et al. 2007) y la “Parent Development Interview” (Slade et al. 1993), que constituyen un recurso necesario para la asignación del IWN de apego y sistema de cuidado. Mostraremos un caso clínico en donde la madre realizo EMDR y tuvo un efecto indirecto positivo en la relación madre-‐hijo y en el bienestar del niño. Los resultados han sido documentados con un claro cambio de la representación mental del sistema de cuidado medido con el PDI. Se mostrarán los resultados

Keywords: Parenting

Accuracy Verified: Yes

162. Matthess, H., & Woller, W. (2010, June). EMDR and personality disorders. Preconference presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Over the last few years, causal relationships between childhood traumatic experiences and the development of personalities have been increasingly discussed. An understanding of personality disorders as a consequence of attachment trauma creates new therapeutic approaches for patients who are considered difficult to treat, though urgently in need of therapy.
First of all, the workshop will present an overview of possible neurobiological causes responsible for evolutionary principles of specific patterns of experiencing and behaviour in personality disorders. Most of their features can be explained as being natural reactions to extreme traumatic stress: unresolved traumatic experiences that cannot be encoded chronologically are, to a varying degree, subjectively experienced as separated from the personality. Other features of personality disorders, such as emotion regulation and mentalization function, can be understood as being a consequence of attachment trauma as well.
Following this, a treatment conception will be presented that combines elements from trauma therapies with aspects of a psychodynamic understanding of attachment relationships. Among others, the problems of personality-disordered patients related to regulating closeness and distance, resulting from their fears of intimacy and abandonment, will be addressed. Finally, the implications of the discussed topics for EMDR treatment will be considered.

Keywords: Personality Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

163. Chandarasiri, P. (2008, June). EMDR and play therapy in traumatised children. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Young children who are not yet fully developed mentally can not differentiate the past traumatic memory from the present reality and in metabolising disturbing trauma memories. Children usually mix their past experience and the present through play to help them connect the pieces of experience into a narrative that is understandable for them. Every piece of trauma in the past is integrated into their life and may adversely influence their personality formation. Trauma work with children through play and EMDR techniques can be helpful in preventing such distortion, especially among disable children. EMDR method was applied to a 10 years old boy with learning disability. He was separated from his family and stayed at the residential home. He had his past experience of witnessing domestic violence since early infancy. The injuries sustained by his mother had caused great concern for him. He also experienced sexual abuse by another boy which was reflected in sex play with his peers. He had attention problem, aggressive behaviours together with difficulty in regulating his moods. Because of his limitation, he preferred to communicate his emotions through action and play rather than verbally. His preoccupation was expressed through figures fighting that typically resulted in death. During the play session, the therapist would intermittently take a pause with him and the bilateral tapping was applied corresponding with the event in play, for example checking through the worst event, the negative event, the positive event, the strength, the changes taking place in their mind and the play. Most of his play started with the fighting and ended with the good figures won. The installation was applied at the end. His behaviours were monitored at the residential home and at the school. It was found later that he could control his anger better and he was able to tell the caretakers showing that he was aware of his feelings and his behaviours. The conclusion can be drawn that the use of bilateral stimulation during play therapy has facilitated changes in his behaviours, affects, and communication.

Keywords: Children Play Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

164. Marotta, S. A. (1998, July). EMDR and psychosocial development post childhood trauma. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Baltimore, MD.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will be able to: 1) describe relevant research on EMDR with childhood trauma; 2) analyze the developmental tasks that are affected by childhood trauma; 3) use case study data to illustrate how EMDR enables reprocessing of trust, autonomy, identity and intimacy issues; and 4) describe some ways race/ethnicity might mediate response to EMDR treatment.

Keywords: Childhood Trauma Ethnicity Psychosocial Development Race Research

Accuracy Verified: Yes

165. DeGraffenried, D. F. (2002, June). EMDR and TANF recipients: Effective home-based interventions. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Diego, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
As a result of domestic violence many women who receive Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) develop PTSD and other anxiety disorders. Participants in this workshop will: 1) be able to summarize the components of a home-based model of EMDR that helps TANF recipients resolve domestic abuse and reduce barriers to employment; 2) evaluate the advantages of using EMDR in a strength based, solution oriented, capitated, home-based model; and 3) via a powerpoint presentation and videos, identify five specific skills that support the successful use of EMDR in home-based settings.

Keywords: Home-based Interventions Needy Families TANF

Accuracy Verified: Yes

166. Grey, E. (2009, April). EMDR and the brain: Importance of body sensation. Presentation at the Western Massachusetts EMDRIA Conference "EMDR and the Body," Amherst, MA .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This Workshop will provide an explanation of the neuro-physiological underpinnings of the AIP model, and how memory networks are stored in the body. Educating practitioners about the neurological journey of information and the links to body sensations increases their ability to describe EDMR and how it works. A complex case of childhood ritual abuse will be presented for illustration. Participants will practice applying this understanding to cases.

Keywords: Body Sensation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

167. Wizansky, B. (2011). EMDR and the challenge of treating childhood trauma: A theoretical and clinical discussion with case examples. In V. Ardino (Ed.), Post-traumatic syndromes in childhood and adolescence: A handbook of research and practice (pp. 297-321). Wiley-Blackwell.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Treating childhood trauma with EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing) requires the practitioner to be aware of the challenge inherent in adapting a focused therapeutic model created for adults to young developing clients. Problems involved in exposing young children to disturbing, often terrifying memories loom large. How do we cope with parents' fear of damaging their son or daughter? How do we answer our own internal resistance to leading a young client into a difficult session and the dangers of retraumatizing a child? These are problems which demand solutions. Recent neurological research has defined the necessity of including the processing of traumatic material into the treatment plan as directly as possible. No part of the brain can change if it is not activated. The chapter aims to detail how EMDR meets this challenge.

Keywords: Childhood Trauma Children Focused Therapeutic Model

Accuracy Verified: No

168. Korn, D. (2009, June). EMDR and the treatment of adult survivors of childhood abuse and neglect. Keynote presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Keynote Sexual Abuse Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

169. Hofmann, A. (2009, June). EMDR and the treatment of adult survivors of childhood abuse and neglect. Keynote presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Patients with complex PTSD and dissociative symptoms are a challenging patient population . Concepts like the Disorder of Extreme Stress (Herman et al.) and the the research on memory networks and especially structural dissociation (Nijenhuis et al.) helps to understand this patients better. In the treatment of this patients EMDR can be one of the key treatment approaches in a therapy setting that usually needs to also enclose other EMDR modalities besides the EMDR standard protocol. New developments in EMDR and an decission help when to apply them can help pacing the therapy of these patients and making it successful.

Keywords: Adults Childhood Sexual Abuse Keynote Neglect Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

170. Adler-Tapia, R. (2009, January). EMDR and the treatment of childhood depression: Findings from a pilot study. Presentation at the 23rd Annual San Diego International Conference on Child & Family Maltreatment.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This article describes a study initially designed to assess the ability of therapists to adhere to the Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) protocol with children two to ten years of age. Child subjects in the study were administered pre and post test measures to assess for trauma, as well as, emotional and behavioral symptoms. Initial results indicate a reduction in depressive symptoms following the child subject’s participation in the EMDR research protocol. Even though the children in this study were identified victims of crime, the children did not demonstrate symptoms of post-traumatic stress based on standardized measures; however, the children did demonstrate symptoms consistent with depression. After participating in the research protocol, the children’s depressive symptoms were no longer exhibited at post-treatment assessment. This study is limited by the small number of children included in the study; however, the unanticipated treatment outcomes identified in this study suggest that future research needs to assess the efficacy of EMDR treatment for children displaying symptoms of childhood depression.

Keywords: Children Depression

Accuracy Verified: Yes

171. Korn, D. L. (2011, August). EMDR and the treatment of complex PTSD. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Orange County, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop will focus on integrating EMDR into an overall recovery plan in working with adult survivors of childhood abuse and neglect. Individuals with histories of chronic victimization often struggle with extreme vulnerability and shame, heightened dissociative tendencies, and limited affect tolerance. In considering their unique needs, strategies for modifying and supplementing standard EMDR protocols will be explored. Fears and blocking beliefs commonly seen in this population will be discussed, along with suggestions for effective cognitive interweave interventions. In addition, significant attention will be devoted to integrating EMDR ego strengthening and resource development protocols into all phases of treatment. This program will include lecture, videotape presentations, and case discussion.

Keywords: C-PTSD Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Complex PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

172. Korn, D. L. (2009). EMDR and the treatment of complex PTSD: A review. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 3(4), 264-278. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.3.4.264.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) covers a wide range of conditions, ranging from patients suffering from a one-time traumatic accident to those who have been exposed to chronic traumatization and repeated assaults beginning at an early age. While EMDR and other trauma treatments have been proven efficacious in the treatment of simpler cases of PTSD, the effectiveness of treatments for more complex cases has been less widely studied. This article examines the body of literature on the treatment of complex PTSD and chronically traumatized populations, with a focus on EMDR treatment and research. Despite a still limited number of randomized controlled studies of any treatment for complex PTSD, trauma treatment experts have come to a general consensus that work with survivors of childhood abuse and other forms of chronic traumatization should be phase-oriented, multimodal, and titrated. A phaseoriented EMDR model for working with these patients is presented, highlighting the role of resource development and installation (RDI) and other strategies that address the needs of patients with compromised affect tolerance and self-regulation. EMDR treatment goals, procedures, and adaptations for each of the various treatment phases (stabilization, trauma processing, reconnection/development of self-identity) are reviewed. Finally, reflections on the strengths and unique advantages of EMDR in treating complex PTSD are offered along with suggestions for future investigations.

Keywords: Childhood Trauma Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Complex PTSD C-PTSD DESNOS Psychotherapy Research Review

Accuracy Verified: Yes

173. Levin, C. (1992, July). EMDR and the treatment of partners of survivors of sexual abuse. Presentation at the Fourth World Congress on Behaviour Therapy, Queensland, Australia .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Although there are estimated to be millions of survivors of child sexual abuse, little has been said about the partners of these survivors and the extreme difficulties which they encounter. Awe believe that these partners are “vicarious” victims of child sexual abuse themselves. As the survivor begins to deal with the issues of his/her own sexual abuse, it catalyses experiences of guilt, shame, rage, feelings of dissociation, fear, sadness, resentment, etc. The victim’s feelings towards the family or origin and the perpetrator is both emotionally draining and reoccupying to the detriment of the current relationship. The partner may be blamed for lack of understanding and caring and, almost certainly, the quality of the sexual relationship changes for the worse. Often, as the victim bombards the partner with disparaging comments and temper tantrums, the partner may begin a process of emotionally distancing. The survivor experiences this distancing as a further injury and the relationship continues a downward spiral.

Keywords: Partners of Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

174. Epozdemir, P., Haciomeroglu, S., & Konuk, E. (2012, June). EMDR and treatment of stuttering: Towards a protocol [EMDR y el tratamiento del tartamudeo: Hacia un protocolo]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Stuttering can be defined in general terms as disturbance in the fluency of speech. Stuttering shows itself with psychological reactions as abstaining from talking, being afraid of making mistakes and with motor reactions as tics in different parts of the body, elongations, repetitions of the words and hesitations. In addition stuttering people are often observed to avoid speaking in certain situations, with certain people, showing social anxiety, high levels of distress and muscle contractions before and/or while speaking. They are also noted to experience relational difficulties and poor quality of life related to all the above factors. Even though there are different etiological approaches for stuttering, we observe that people with stuttering problem have early childhood traumas. Throughout their lives, other traumatic events, mostly related to stuttering; feelings of humiliation, inadequacy, rejection and others worsen the problem. According to our limited number of cases working with those traumas significantly decreases our clients’ social anxiety and this improvement is positively reflected to the fluency of their speech. In this workshop, we will first give general information about stuttering and its etiology, emphasize how relations are organized around stuttering and with video clips we will present how we approach the treatment of stuttering from an EMDR perspective.

En términos generales, se puede definir el tartamudeo como una alteración en la fluidez del lenguaje. El tartamudeo se manifiesta a través de reacciones psicológicas tales como abstenerse de hablar, tener miedo de equivocarse y con reacciones motrices como tics en distintas partes del cuerpo, prolongaciones, repeticiones de las palabras y vacilaciones. Es más, a menudo se observa que las personas que sufren del tartamudeo evitan hablar durante ciertas situaciones, con algunas personas en particular; muestran ansiedad social, niveles altos de estrés, y contracciones musculares antes y/o mientras hablan. También se ve que sufren dificultades con las relaciones y una mala calidad de vida relacionada con los factores previamente mencionados. Si bien existen planteamientos etiológicos distintos para tratar el tartamudeo, hemos observado que los individuos con problemas de tartamudeo han sufrido eventos traumáticos en la infancia. A lo largo de sus vidas, otros sucesos traumáticos, en su mayoría relacionados con el tartamudeo; sentimientos de humillación, ineptitud, rechazo y otros empeoran el problema. En nuestra experiencia limitada, el trabajo con estos sucesos traumáticos disminuye significativamente la ansiedad social de nuestros clientes y dicha mejoría se refleja positivamente en la fluidez de su habla. En este taller, empezaremos por ofrecer información general acerca del tartamudeo y su etiología; señalaremos cómo se organizan las relaciones entorno al tartamudeo y, con vídeos, presentaremos nuestra forma de afrontar el tratamiento del tartamudeo desde la perspectiva de EMDR.

Keywords: Stuttering

Accuracy Verified: Yes

175. Eimer, B. N. (1995, June). EMDR applications for pain management. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The focus of this 3-hour workshop will be on using EMDR to alleviate emotional distress attendant to coping with acute physical pain and living with chronic pain. Participants in this workshop will learn: (a) how to conduct a targeted assessment of the patient whose chief complaint is physical pain; (b) a guided pain healing meditation; (c) an EMDR protocol for installing pain relief imagery and self-care techniques; (d) an EMDR protocol for reprocessing covert pain talk, pain behaviors and pain-related memories; (e) how to apply A.J. Popky's EMDR protocol for reducing substance abuse (i.e., Overeating, drinking) and dependence on pain medication in this population. The presentation will first address how to conduct a structured assessment that identifies targets for EMDR treatment. The dysfunctional information package associated with chronic pain (termed the "biogram")and "seven keys" to understanding chronic pain will be discussed. Then, essential principles for designing an effective individual psychotherapy program for the pain sufferer will be presented. Next, use of the "seven keys for constructing a guided healing meditation (i.e., Self-care technique) for the pain patient that also incorporates Francine Shapiro's "light stream" and "spiral" guided meditations will be demonstrated. A script for this, termed the "C.O.M.P.I.S.S. Pain Healing Meditation," will be distributed. The workshop will then address how to introduce EMDR to the patient whose chief complaint is physical pain. What EMDR can do and probably cannot do for pain patients will then be discussed. Next, principles for choosing an initial tarqet for reprocessing will be discussed. The presentation will then cover (with clinical case examples): (1) Red flags and cautions to consider before proceeding with EMDR- (2) What to do and what not to do if the patient is dissociative; (3) How to "mirror" and install with EMDR empathic responses to underlying beliefs associated with "secondary gains" minus primary losses; (4) Teaching the distinction between pain sensations and suffering; (5) How to teach and install with EMDR self-care and pain coping techniques such as pain relief imagery, mental distraction techniques, safe place imagery, and positive motivation for healthy self-care behaviors; (6) How to directly address with the patient the application of "cognitive psychology" and imagery for pain reduction; (7) EMDR reprocessing of memories around the pain's origins; (8) EMDR reprocessing of pain-related conflicts, negative beliefs, negative past experiences, internalized self-identifications, self-punitive tendencies and self-defeating behaviors; (9) Eliciting core negative pain coping cognitions and suggesting preferable positive cognitions to the pain patient; (10) EMDR reprocessing of negative cognitions associated with depression and anxiety. (11) Use of EMDR to facilitate mental rehearsal of coping responses to pain triggers; (12) Material that often comes up in using EMDR with pain patients; (13) Strategically restructuring patient "resistance" with coanitive interweave; (14) Managing narcotic and pain medication seeking behavior and substance abuse; (15) Use of Popky's EMDR protocol for reducing medication dependence and substance abuse in this population; (16) Treating pain patients who also have PTSD. Videotaped case excerpts will be shown that illustrate important points covered. If time permits, participants may be able to briefly discuss EMDR applications to specific medical and pain patient populations.

Keywords: Chronic Pain Pain Pain Management

Accuracy Verified: Yes

176. Hase, M. H. (2006, September). EMDR applied to reprocess the addiction memory in alcohol addicted in-patients – Outcome and follow-up data of a clinical study. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Philadelphia, PA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Substance abuse and its sequels often mean intense suffering for the individual and huge costs for society. Established treatment modalities, as good as they are, lack effectiveness. Comorbid PTST with substance abusers is more the rule, than the exception. So the integration of traumatherapy, especially EMDR, into addiciton therapy seems necessary. Recent research in the field of neuroscience has shown that most experience is automatically processed on subcortical levels, i.e., by "unconscious" interpretations that are made outside of conscious awareness. Insight and understanding have only a limited influence on the operation of these subcortical processes. The concept of an addiction memory is helpful. It can be understood as a form maladaptive memory and EMDR could be the tool for resolution. Targeting the addiction memory and reprocessing should lead to a reduction in craving. Date of a study on alcohol addicted inpatient support the hypothesis. Data shown include outcome and follow-up data. Reprocessing of the addiction memory could lead to EMDR protocol beyond the EMDR Chemical Dependency Treatment Manual. Participants will be able to understand the concept of the addiction memory and its implications for therapy. They will be able to identify targets for EMDR. Video of treatment sessions illustrate common principles and differences.

Keywords: Addiction Memory Substance Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

177. Rougemont-Bucking, A. (2010, June). EMDR based treatment of psychotraumatic antecedents in illicit drug abusers: A report of two cases. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Background: EMDR has been recognized to be an efficacious treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Other, more recent indications comprise anxiety disorders and substance use disorders (SUD). With regard to SUD, the application of EMDR iS very challenging as patients frequently suffer from many comorbidities. Another concern is the fact that the dissociative experiencing during EMDR-sessions can potentially weaken the patients' coping strategies and provoke relapse through activation of intense drug craving. General procedure. Sessions were proposed once a week. Specific techniques like 'Safe Place', the technique of absorption, heart coherence training and ClPOS were applied prior to proposition of the standard EMDR-protocol. Drug consumption and craving was regularly monitored by means of the patents' self-reports and drug craving scores. The therapist was regularly supervised on the basis of video recordings. Patient 1: A 49 year old man being diagnosed for PTSD and dependency of opiates and benzodiazepines asked to benefit form EMDR with regard to his PTSD symptoms. Patient was abstinent from heroine consumption but consumed midazolam 3 times per week when entering the therapy. Initial evaluation showed an Impact of Event Scale (IES) score of 60, a Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) score of 39.6 and a midazolam craving score of 14. Patient 2 :A 37 old man was diagnosed for borderline personality disorder and for dependency of opiates. Heroine consumption occurred 1 to 3 times per month when starting the therapy EMDR based therapy was proposed as he complained about pertinacious insomnia due to trauma-like events during his childhood. Initial evaluation showed a DES score of 7.8 and a heroine craving score of 17. Global impression: EMDR based treatment of severely affected SUD patients appears to be a difficult and challenging endeavor However, some beneficial effects on general comfort and on drug consumption can be observed. A long stabilisation phase seems to be mandatory and the standard EMDR protocol needs to be conducted with much flexibility as patients were not able to handle intensive emotional stress for a long time period. There was no provocation of a prolonged psychological crisis or of relapse. Experiencing of emotional stress could be limited to the sessions and dissociation could be absorbed with specific techniques without increasing permanently drug craving. Learning objectives: 1. EMDR-based treatment is feasible in severely affected drug abusers 2. Extensive stabilisation of the patient using flexible adaptation of EMDR-related techniques is mandatory 3. Dissociation occurring during treatment has to be addressed carefully as it can easily bridge into drug craving and relapse What is unique: EMDR-based treatment may be a suitable way to treat patients who are still abusing drugs as these interventions focus on maladaptive associations that arise from both trauma and substance related cues.

Keywords: Drug Abusers Heroine Psychotraumatic Antecedents

Accuracy Verified: Yes

178. Korn, D. (2010, April). EMDR behandeling bij volwassenen met een verleden van incest en verwaarlozing. Het herstellen van ontwikkelings tekorten en het beschadigde ‘zelf’ [EMDR treatment in adults with a history of incest and neglect. Developmental deficits and restore the damaged self]. Workshop gepresenteerd aan de vierde congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Nijmegen, The Nederland.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In deze workshop zal er worden ingegaan op het integreren van EMDR in een algemeen behandelingsplan voor volwassenen die incest en verwaarlozing in hun jeugd hebben meegemaakt. De workshop is een verdieping van de keynote van het congres. De werkwijze zal gedetailleerd worden uitgelegd en zal worden geïllustreerd aan de hand van videopresentaties en bespreking van casuïstiek. In eerste instantie wordt uitgelegd hoe de ontwikkelings- en hechtingsbehoeften van de cliënt onderzocht kunnen worden en hoe een betekenisvolle beschrijvende diagnose kan worden ontwikkeld om tot een geïntegreerd, logisch opgebouwd behandelingsplan te komen. Bij deze groep cliënten, waarbij er sprake is van beperkte affect tolerantie, kwetsbaarheid voor hyper- en hypoarousal, en dissociatieve kenmerken, kan het standaard EMDR protocol worden aangepast met specifieke strategieën. Daar zal uitvoerig op worden ingegaan. Ook zal er veel aandacht besteed worden aan het integreren van specifieke EMDR technieken, zoals diverse ego-versterkende protocollen en hulpbron installatie (RDI), in alle fasen van de behandeling. Tevens zullen er technieken besproken worden die cliënten helpen om hun disfunctionele afweermechanismen los te laten, waardoor het veranderen van schema’s met hun kenmerkende kerngedachten en kernaffecten mogelijk wordt Deelnemers aan deze workshop zullen leren om pathogene gevoelstoestanden, (zoals schaamte, wanhoop, onverdraagelijke eenzaamheidsgevoelens), angsten en ‘blocking beliefs’, ego state conflicten te herkennen, zodat de meest effectieve interweaves en hulpbron opties kunnen worden toegepast. Verder zullen er strategieën voor herstel, zoals het verduidelijken van verantwoordelijkheid, het vaststellen van veiligheid en keuze, en het verwerken van rouw, verlangen en woede, worden besproken.

This workshop will address the integration of EMDR into an overall treatment plan for adult incest and neglect in childhood have experienced. The workshop is a deepening of the keynote of the conference. The methodology will be explained in detail and will be illustrated with video presentations and discussion of case studies. Initially, explains how the development and bonding needs of the client can be investigated and how a meaningful descriptive diagnosis can be developed into an integrated, logical plan of treatment. In this group of clients, where there is limited affect tolerance, vulnerability to hyper-and hypoarousal and dissociative characteristics, the standard EMDR protocol to be adapted to specific strategies. As will be discussed in detail. Also, much attention is paid to the integration of EMDR specific techniques, such as various ego-enhancing protocols and resource installation (RDI) in all phases of treatment. Will also discuss techniques that help clients to their dysfunctional defense mechanisms to let go, so changing schedules with their distinctive core ideas and possible kernaffecten Participants in this workshop will learn to pathogenic emotional states (such as shame, despair, unbearable loneliness feelings), and fears "blocking beliefs", ego-state conflicts to recognize that the most effective and interweaves resource options can be applied. Moreover, through strategies for recovery, such as clarifying responsibilities, establishing security and choice, and the process of mourning, desire and anger are discussed.

Keywords: Adults Developmental Deficits Incest

Accuracy Verified: Yes

179. Hase, M. H. (2008, September). EMDR bei stoffgebundenen Süchten [EMDR and substance-abuse]. Präsentation auf der Pre-Congress on EMDR auf dem European Congress of Hypnosis, Wien, Österreich.

Language: German

Format: Conference

Keywords: Substance Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

180. ten Broeke, A., & de Jongh, A. (1997). EMDR bij debehandeling van Type II psychotrauma: Een casus [EMDR in the treatment of Type II psychotrauma: A case-study]. Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie, 39(3), 249-255.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Deze casus beschrijft de toepassing van EMDR bij de behandeling van ernstige en herhaalde seksueel misbruik. Tijdens een patiënt in de psychiatrische behandeling EMDR werd gebruikt om ongevoelig en "opwerken" de traumatische herinneringen. Zoals blijkt uit eigenbelang van de cliënt-verslag en gestandaardiseerde psychologische vragenlijsten, EMDR was succesvol in het verlichten van diverse ptss-symptomen en daarmee samenhangende klachten. De resultaten werden gehandhaafd op negen maanden follow-up. Zaak verslagen als deze kunnen stimuleren gecontroleerde outcome research over de toepassing van EMDR bij complexe (Type II) vormen van PTSS.

This case history describes the application of EMDR in the treatment of severe and repeated sexual abuse. During an in-patient psychiatric treatment EMDR was used to desensitize and 'reprocess' the traumatic memories. As is evident from the client's selfreport and standardized psychological questionnaires, EMDR was successful in alleviating various PTSD symptoms and associated complaints. The results were maintained at nine months follow-up. Case-reports like these may stimulate controlled outcomeresearch on the applications of EMDR with complex (Type II) forms of PTSD.

Keywords: Case Report Clinical Case Study Empirical Study Females Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Survivors Young Adults

Accuracy Verified: Yes

181. de Roos, C., & Went, M. (2010, April). EMDR bij preverbaal trauma [EMDR for trauma, preverbal]. Presentatie aan de vierde congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Nijmegen, The Nederlands.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Hoe kan je preverbaal trauma verwerken, zodat er ruimte ontstaat voor herstel, inhalen en voortgang van de ontwikkeling?
Ook infants (0-4 jarigen) kunnen allerlei traumatische gebeurtenis(sen) in de eerste levensjaren meemaken zoals intrusieve medische handelingen, seksueel misbruik en andere vormen van mishandeling. Herinneringen aan deze gebeurtenissen zijn preverbaal en niet op bewust nivo toegankelijk. Bij deze jonge kinderen is het dan ook moeilijk te zien in hoeverre er sprake is van traumatisering. Door hun beperkte cognitieve ontwikkeling is verbale communicatie over ingrijpende gebeurtenissen niet of beperkt mogelijk. Soms zie je na enige tijd gedragsveranderingen bij dagelijkse handelingen die eerder geen probleem vormden (verzet bij verschonen, bij tandenpoetsen e.d.). Dit gedrag kan echter ook gekoppeld zijn aan de ontwikkelingsfase. Het diagnostisch beeld wordt duidelijker wanneer gedragsveranderingen (verzet, verdriet maar ook submissie!) zich voordoen bij soortgelijke traumatische ervaringen zoals nieuwe medische behandelingen. De link naar de onverwerkte traumatische gebeurtenis(sen) ligt dan voor de hand. De ouder kan soms uit angst of schuldgevoel over de ingrijpende gebeurtenis(sen) niet goed meer als steunfiguur en opvoeder optreden. Door een klachtbestendigend interactiepatroon kunnen gedragsproblemen van het kind zelfs verergeren. De omgeving gaat denken aan ADHD of ASS... Aan de hand van casuïstiek van infants bij wie sprake is van traumatisering worden de aanpassingen aan het EMDR protocol getoond bij de behandeling van 0 tot 4 jarigen. Pas na de verwerking van de traumatische herinneringen wordt echt duidelijk wat de invloed is geweest op het verloop van de ontwikkeling van het kind, zoals een sociaal emotionele achterstand, vertraagde spelontwikkeling etc. Er komt ruimte voor herstel, inhalen en voortzetten van de ontwikkeling. Zo nodig wordt een EMDR traject voor ouders ingezet om de behandeling af te maken. Vorm In de presentatie worden theorie en praktijk gecombineerd. Videobeelden ondersteunen het verhaal.

How do you handle preverbal trauma, so there room for rehabilitation, catch up and progress of the development? Even infants (0-4 year olds) can all traumatic event(s) in the first years of life experience as intrusive medical procedures, sexual abuse, and other forms of abuse. Preverbal memories of these events, not consciously accessible level. In these young children it is therefore difficult to see how there is trauma. Because of their limited cognitive development, verbal communication on major events is not possible or limited. Sometimes you see after a while behavioral changes in daily operations which were previously not a problem (resistance to changing, with teeth, etc.). This behavior can also be linked to the development. The diagnostic picture becomes clearer when behavioral change (resistance, but also sadness Submission!) arise from similar traumatic experiences such as new medical treatments. The link to the unprocessed traumatic event (s) is then obvious. The parent can sometimes out of fear or guilt about the traumatic event(s) not functioning properly to support action figure and educator. By klachtbestendigend interaction pattern may even worsen the child's behavior. The environment is reminiscent of ADHD or ASD ... Based on case reports of infants with trauma,0 to 4 years old treated with the EMDR protocol show changes only after the processing of traumatic memories is really clear that the impact has been on the course of the development of the child as a social-emotional retardation, slow game development etc. There is room for recovery, overtaking and continued development. If necessary, an EMDR process for parents is used to finish the treatment. Form In the presentation combining theory and practice. Video images support the story.

Keywords: Prevebral Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

182. de Groot, J. (2012, March). EMDR bij seksuologische behandeling. Seksueel misbruik, seksuele disfuncties en seksverslaving [EMDR in sexological treatment. Sexual abuse, sexual dysfunctions, and sex addiction]. Presentatie op de 6e congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Arnhem, Nederland.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In deze workshop wordt aan de hand van diagnostische criteria en theoretische richtlijnen geïllustreerd hoe EMDR toegepast kan worden bij seksuologische behandelingen. Met behulp van diverse casus en video fragmenten zullen praktijkvoorbeelden van de EMDR behandeling van seksuele disfuncties, zoals vaginisme en erectiele disfunctie, verduidelijkt worden. Naast de toepasbaarheid van EMDR bij seksueel misbruik en seksuele disfuncties, zal inzicht geboden worden in de geïntegreerde EMDR behandeling bij seksverslaving. Er zal expliciet worden ingegaan op de toepassing van EMDR op het negatieve zelfbeeld bij seksverslaafden en het daaruit voortvloeiende gedrag, waarbij de seksverslaafde voortdurend, maar tevergeefs, probeert zijn behoeften te bevredigen met seks.

This workshop is based on diagnostic criteria and theoretical guidelines illustrate how EMDR can be applied with sexological treatments. Using various case examples and video clips will of the EMDR treatment of sexual dysfunctions, such as vaginismus and erectile dysfunction, should be clarified. Besides the applicability of EMDR in sexual abuse and sexual dysfunctions, will provide insight into the integrated EMDR treatment for sex addiction. There will explicitly address the use of EMDR on the negative self-image sex addicts and the resulting behavior, in which the sex addict constantly, but vainly, trying to satisfy his needs with sex.

Keywords: Sexual Abuse Sexual Addiction Sexual Dysfunction

Accuracy Verified: Yes

183. Withers, D. (2000, December). EMDR bilateral movement groups for children with ADHD. EMDRIA Newsletter, 5(Special Edition), 11-13.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Using EMDR to treat children diagnosed with ADHD is challenging on many levels. Differentiating the effects of trauma versus pure ADHD or other diagnoses such as OCD, learning disabilities, and even autism is difficult at best because these symptoms could be present as the result of early trauma (Tinker, 1999). These experiences include birth trauma, illness, medical procedures and surgery as well as abuse or neglect (Becker, 2000). These children may be unintentionally further traumatized on a daily basis by parents, teachers, coaches and peers for missing social cues, being impulsive and disruptive and no paying attention or cooperating. They may not easily engage in therapy and tend to avoid new situations due to past failures and harbor negative views of themselves because of their belief that they somehow need to be “fixed.” These response could also be due to attachment disorders or to a “poor match” between temperament of parent and child (Bowlby, 1973).

Keywords: ADHD Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

184. O’Dell, K. (2005, April 05). EMDR can fight fears, soften troubling memories. Springfield, MO: Springfield News-Leader, Health, E4.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
Psychologists say Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, or EMDR, appears to help clients thoroughly process old painful events so they "unstick" from the conscious mind and move into resolved memory. Several Springfield-area therapists say they have used EMDR to successfully treat troubled war veterans as well as clients with a host of phobias, eating disorders, a history of sexual abuse, depression and low-self esteem.

Keywords: General Mike Murrell Overview Springfield

Accuracy Verified: Yes

185. Manfield, P. (2003). EMDR casebook: Expanded (2nd Ed.). New York: W. W. Norton.

Language: English

Format: Book

Abstract:
This book picks up where formal EMDR training leaves off. Research has now shown that EMDR is powerfully effective in the treatment of residual psychological effects of a single-incident trauma. Through case studies, this book explores other areas where EMDR may be helpful, including long-term childhood abuse and complex PTSD. The eleven case reports illustrate the application of EMDR to a broad range of cases. The many clinical transcripts will help newly trained EMDR clinicians fell comfortable using EMDR with their clients and provide models for experienced EMDR clinicians to broaden their use of EMDR. The clear explanations of the treatment processes will demystify EMDR for both clinicians and clients.
The introduction includes basic descriptions of EMDR and the accelerated information processing model, as well as definitions of its terminology. Each of the following chapters begins with a discussion of the contributors background, the principles of the traditional treatment approach used before incorporating EMDR, and the ways he or she has integrated EMDR into that approach. The contributors, who represent various orientations, including psychodynamic, behavioral, cognitive, and systems, demonstrate the importance of procedural fidelity while extending EMDR protocols.

Keywords: Miscellanous

Accuracy Verified: Yes

186. Vogelmann-Sine, S., Sine, L. F., Smyth, N. J.,& Popky, A. J. (1998). EMDR chemical dependency treatment manual. New Hope, PA: EMDR Humanitarian Assistance Programs.

Language: English

Format: Book

Abstract:
A comprehensive and flexible EMDR-based treatment manual designed to be used with clients in recovery from chemical dependency. Includes assessment and clinical application of specialized protocols. [EMDR-HAP]

Keywords: Chemical Dependency Substance Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

187. Manfield, P. (2010, June). EMDR clinical skills: Dyadic resourcing. Keynote presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop introduces 'dyadic resourcing,' a form of resourcing designed to facilitate the processing of very early trauma with severely deprived clients, including those with attachment disorders. The goal of this process is to help a client connect affectively to the experience of being in a nurturing relationship Through this process clients experience both roles, the role of the adult who loves them and the role of the child who is lovable and loved. These roles become increasingly real to them and clients come away with access to a loving non-judgmental view of themselves as a child. Clients whose original trauma was a result of or exacerbated by a lack of a strong connection to a nurturing caregiver will benefit from a variety of resources, but the resource that is essential is access to a secure internal nurturing relationship, which this process provides. This procedure is particularly useful for clients who think they were bad or worthless as children, who think the abuse or neglect they suffered chronically was deserved, who are overwhelmed by the intensity of their pain from early childhood experiences, or who cannot view their child selves in an accepting nurturing way. In other words, this type of resourcing is ideal for some of the most difficult EMDR clients, and helps to prepare them for trauma processing. Once developed, these resources allow the EMDR clinician to utilize cognitive interweaves in which the adult client is able to support the child self. Dyadic resourcing is typically a five step process: identifying a nurturing adult resource, make the resource real for the client, formulating a parent-child relationship involving the resource, intensify the client's experience of that relationship, and helping the client to have the experience of both the child and adult in the resource dyad. This workshop will address each of these steps, covering the basic principles and processes central to this form of resourcing. The process will be illustrated using clinical videos, transcripts, and a live demonstration. Techniques borrowed from Eidetic Psychotherapy, Neuro-Linguistic Programming, Gestalt Therapy, hypnotic phrasing and other disciplines will be addressed Links to free downloadable explanatory material from the presenter's book. EMDR Clinical Skills: Case Conceptualization and Dyadic re^ sourcing will be offered for those interested in sharpening their skills in this useful resourcing approach. Learning objectives: Participants will be able to - Explain why cognitive Interweaves are often not helpful to clients with attachment disorders -List 15 possible sources of resource figures - List 8 techniques that can be used to help a client feel more intensely connected to a resource. - Describe 4 indications that clients are NOT assuming an outside observer role and are instead overly identifying with their child selves.

Keywords: Dyadic Resourcing Keynote

Accuracy Verified: Yes

188. Costa, C. S. (2012, Novembro). EMDR como recurso para a elaboração de laudo pericial [EMDR as a resource for the preparation of expert report]. In EMDR e memórias. Apresentação no II Congresso Brasileiro de EMDR, Brasília, Brasil.

Language: Portuguese

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Por meio de relato de caso clínico, objetiva-se mostrar a possibilidade da do uso do EMDR para a elaboração de laudo pericial. O caso foi enviado por uma Casa de Acolhimento Institucional, órgão público vinculado à Delegacia de Defesa da Mulher, de um município da Grande São Paulo, devido à suspeita de abuso sexual da criança pelo genitor, uma vez que outros laudos profissionais, como o psicodiagnóstico de Rorscharch e o exame clínico por perito legista não foram aceitos como conclusivos pelo juiz que autorizou a visita do pai. Diante disso, o Órgão de Proteção à Criança encaminhou o caso para nova avaliação. Após as entrevistas com a criança, que se mostrava bastante resistente às perguntas feitas pela psicóloga, aplicaram-se os seguintes recursos do EMDR: identificação da imagem, crença e emoção (ICE); som bilateral; desenhos e identificação do grau de desconforto (SUDs), que lhe possibilitaram exteriorizar a situação que a incomodava, reforçada nos vários desenhos. Encaminhados os resultados ao Órgão que solicitou a avaliação foram considerados conclusivos em relação ao abuso sofrido pela criança, o que significou seu afastamento do genitor, pelo juiz, e investigação para apurar os fatos visando a proteger a vítima. Isso permite concluir que o EMDR pode ser um instrumento auxiliar para a elaboração de laudo pericial nos casos de estresse pós-traumático, como no abuso sexual de crianças.

Through clinical case, the objective is to show the possibility of the use of EMDR for the preparation of an expert report. The case was sent by a House of Hospitality Institutional, public agency linked to the Women's Police Station, a town in Greater São Paulo, due to suspicion of child sexual abuse by parent, since other reports professionals, as psychodiagnostic of Rorschach and clinical examination by forensic expert were not accepted as conclusive by the judge who authorized the visit of his father. Thus, the Child Protection Authority referred the case for further evaluation. After the interviews with the child, that proved quite resistant to the questions asked by the psychologist, we applied the following features of EMDR: identifying the image, belief and emotion (ICE); sound bilateral; drawings and identify the degree of discomfort (SUDs ), which enabled him to externalize the situation that bothered him, strengthened in various designs. Forwarded the results to the Board requesting the evaluation were considered conclusive regarding the abuse suffered by the child, which meant being away from the parent, the judge, and investigation to ascertain the facts in order to protect the victim. This indicates that EMDR can be an auxiliary tool for the development of expert opinion in cases of post-traumatic stress, such as the sexual abuse of children.

Keywords: Expert Report Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

189. Nicolais, G. (2011, Settembre). EMDR e attaccamento [EMDR and attachment]. Presentazione al Congresso EMDR Nazionale "Trauma e relazione,” Roma, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Secondo Bowlby, le esperienze precoci del bambino con le proprie figure di attaccamento determinano rappresentazioni mentali - denominate Modelli Operativi Interni della relazione - che regolano aspetti centrali dello sviluppo come la regolazione degli affetti e la fiducia interpersonale. Analogamente, il modello AIP di Shapiro ipotizza l’effetto di esperienze precoci sullo sviluppo futuro del bambino. Ricordi di eventi particolarmente stressanti o traumatici tendono ad essere immagazzinati in modo disfunzionale nel cervello in uno stato non metabolizzato, sotto forma di “network mnestici” contenenti costellazioni di percezioni, aspettative negative, affetti e sensazioni corporee che possono essere riferite all’esperienza di caregiving. In situazioni infantili all’interno di accudimento particolarmente disfunzionali, il modello di attaccamento sviluppato dal bambino conterrà quindi network mnestici caratterizzati dall’esperienza del rifiuto e/o del maltrattamento. Il modello AIP prefigura perciò interventi, realizzati attraverso l’approccio dell’EMDR, che agiscono in senso trasformativo sulle peculiarità dei Modelli Operativi Interni della relazione. Le implicazioni di tale premessa sono l’oggetto della relazione presentata.

According to Bowlby, the child's early experiences with attachment figures determine their mental representations - called internal working models of the report - that regulate key aspects of development such as affect regulation and interpersonal trust. Similarly, the model AIP Shapiro assumed the effect of early experience on the future development of the child. Memories of traumatic or stressful events tend to be stored in a dysfunctional brain in a non-metabolized form of "network mnemonic" containing clusters of perceptions, expectations, negative emotions and bodily sensations that may be related to the experience of caregiving . In situations in caregiving particularly dysfunctional childhood, the attachment model developed by the child will then contain mnemonic networks characterized by the experience of rejection and / or mistreatment. The model therefore anticipates AIP intervention, achieved through the approach of EMDR, which act in the sense of transformation on the peculiarities of the internal working models of the relationship. The implications of this premise are the subject of the report.

Keywords: Attachment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

190. Faretta, E. (2008, Novembre). EMDR e trattamento del disturbo di panico: Un protocollo specifico integrato [EMDR and the treatment of panic disorder: a specific protocol integrated]. Presentazione le Applicazioni Cliniche del EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Nell’ambito degli studi sulle possibilità terapeutiche offerte dall’impiego dell’EMDR in diverse patologie si sono evidenziate delle prospettive interessanti in relazione agli interventi sui disturbi di panico, in grado di fornire una possibilità di lavoro terapeutico globale e completo focalizzato non solo sulla condizione presente e quindi sulla gestione degli attacchi di panico, ma anche sulla comprensione dinamica di tale disturbo. Facendo riferimento alla letteratura e ai resoconti che hanno supportato l’efficacia del-l’EMDR per il trattamento del Disturbo d’Attacchi di Panico (Feske & Goldstein, 1997; Goldstein & Feske, 1994; Nadler, 1996; Shapiro & Forrest, 1997) e dalla analisi ed applicazione del protocollo Whisman, è stato messo a punto, attraverso la personale pratica clinica, un preciso protocollo integrato per il trattamento del disturbo di panico secondo l’approccio EMDR. Facendo riferimento a questi studi, l’ipotesi di intervento dalla quale sono partita è quella che si basa sulla considerazione che l’attacco di panico può rappresentare un evento traumatico di per sé e che quindi il lavoro clinico proposto, seguendo l’approccio EMDR, risulta efficace per desensibilizzare e rielaborare convinzioni, comportamenti, emozioni e sensazioni corporee legate alla paura fino a farle rientrare all’interno di un sistema di convinzioni più gestibile, in modo da permettere al paziente di affrontare le situazioni precedentemente temute e quindi evitate. In questo workshop vengono presentate le modalità di applicazione nel disturbo panico in relazione alle 8 fasi di lavoro dell’approccio EMDR, facendo riferimento ai casi clinici e quindi ad esperienze pratiche derivanti dal personale lavoro terapeutico. Da qui vengono fornite le linee per la strutturazione dello specifico piano di trattamento, secondo un protocollo di lavoro, appositamente elaborato, che conduce, passo dopo passo, all’applicazione del progetto terapeutico Il protocollo di lavoro presentato si focalizza sulla rielaborazione degli attacchi di panico e quindi sulla gestione della sintomatologia caratteristica di questo disturbo. Fornisce, inoltre, indicazioni per effettuare un’attenta anamnesi, che permetta al terapeuta di predisporre un adeguato piano di individuazione e di rielaborazione dei fattori precipitanti e delle esperienze traumatiche pregresse della storia personale del paziente sin dall’infanzia, che possono costituire la base emotiva sulla quale può instaurarsi, in particolari circostanze, la sintomatologia del DAP. Si tratta di eventi stressanti o traumatici del passato sui quali risulta indispensabile un lavoro di rielaborazione al fine di far emergere possibili capacità e comportamenti adattivi per realizzare azioni future adeguate.

As part of studies into the therapeutic possibilities offered by EMDR in various diseases appear to be any interesting perspectives in relation to work on problems panic, unable to provide an opportunity for therapeutic work focused global and comprehensive not only on the present condition and therefore on the management of panic attacks, but also on dynamic understanding of the disorder. Referring to the literature and the reports that have supported the efficacy of on-l'EMDR the treatment of Panic Disorder (FESK & Goldstein, 1997; FESK & Goldstein, 1994; Nadler, 1996, Shapiro & Forrest, 1997) and the analysis and application of the protocol Whisman, was developed through personal clinical practice, a precise protocol integrated treatment of panic disorder according to the EMDR approach. Referring to these studies, the possibility of intervention from which game is the one based on the consideration that the panic attack can be a traumatic event in itself and therefore the clinical work proposed, following the approach EMDR, is effective for desensitize and reprocess beliefs, behaviors, emotions and body sensations associated fear until they fall within a belief system more manageable, so allow the patient to deal with situations previously feared and avoided. In this workshop presents the detailed rules in panic disorder report at 8 phases of EMDR work of the approach, referring to clinical cases and then practical experiences arising from personal therapeutic work. From here, we provide the guidelines for the structuring of a specific treatment, according a working protocol, specially developed, which leads, step by step, application therapeutic project the protocol of work presented focuses on the recasting of panic attacks and then the management of symptoms characteristic of this disorder. Also provides instructions for making a careful medical history, which allows the therapist to prepare an adequate plan for the identification and revision of precipitating factors and past traumatic experiences of the patient's personal history from childhood, which may form the emotional basis on which it can establish, in certain circumstances, symptoms of CAD. It is stressful or traumatic events of the past on which it is essential work of reworking in order to identify possible skills and adaptive behaviors to achieve appropriate future action.

Keywords: Panic Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

191. Dautovic, E., Aldenkamp, E., & Rodenburg, R. (2012, June). EMDR effectiveness in adults with PTSD and an intellectual disability: A case series [La efectividad del EMDR en adultos con una discapacidad intelectual y TEPT: Series de casos]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Assocation, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Background People with an intellectual disability (ID) have an increased vulnerability for abuse and assault, and subsequently an increased risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The prevalence of PTSD is found to be significantly higher in people with intellectual disabilities than in people without disabilities. Eye movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) has proved to be an effective PTSD treatment in people without ID. EMDR is widely used in treating people with ID, while research into the effectiveness of EMDR in individuals with an ID is very scarce. Therefore more research is necessary to speak of EMDR being an evidence-based trauma treatment for this specific population. Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in treating PTSD in adults with an ID. The effects of the treatment on anxiety, symptoms of depression, and quality of life were also investigated. Methods From September 2010 till december 2012, adults with an ID, diagnosed with PTSD and treated with EMDR, were included in the study. Before and after treatment questionnaires were completed by the participants. Normative deviation scores (NDS) were calculated to estimate the condition of the participant before and after treatment compared to the non-disabled population. The Reliable Change Index (RCI) was used to establish statistically significant change due to treatment. Preliminary results Primarily, a significant change in PTSD symptoms, from clinical to non-clinical levels, is found. Secondarily, co-morbid anxiety and depression complaints are detected, which decline after treatment with EMDR. In addition, an increase in wellbeing in the participants is found. Conclusion From the preliminary results EMDR seems an effective treatment for PTSD in adults with an ID. However, for calculations are still being conducted, the final results and conclusions will be presented at the conference

La población con una discapacidad intelectual, tiene un riesgo mayor de vulnerabilidad para el abuso y el asalto, y por tanto un aumento en el riesgo de desarrollar un trastorno de estrés post-‐traumático (TEPT). La prevalencia del TEPT es significativamente mayor en personas con retraso mental que en personas sin este tipo de discapacidad. El EMDR ha sido mostrado como efectivo en el tratamiento del TEPT en personas sin discapacidad intelectual. EDMR es ampliamente usado en el tratamiento de personas con discapacidad intelectual, mientras tanto la investigación en la efectividad del EMDR en personas con discapacidad intelectual es muy escasa. Consecuentemente mas investigaciones son necesarias para hablar de EMDR siendo un tratamiento valido para el trauma en esta población especifica. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la eficacia del reprocesamiento por movimiento oculares (EMDR) en el tratamiento del TEPT en adultos con una deficiencia mental. Los efectos de este tratamiento en ansiedad, síntomas de depresión y calidad de vida fueron también investigados. Desde Septiembre de 2010 hasta diciembre de 2012, los adultos con una deficiencia mental, fueron diagnosticados de TEPT y tratados con EMDR, fueron incluidos en este estudio. Se pasaron cuestionarios pre y post tratamiento a los participantes. Las puntuaciones de desviación típica fueron calculadas para estimar la condición del participante antes y después del tratamiento comparada con la población sin discapacidad. El índice de cambio real (RCI) fue utilizado para establecer de manera estadísticamente significativa el cambio debido al tratamiento. Los resultados preliminares, muestran un cambio significativo en el los síntomas del TEPT, en niveles clínicos y no clínicos. De manera secundaria, quejas de comorbilidad con ansiedad y depresión fueron detectadas que disminuyeron tras el tratamiento con EMDR. Además, un incremento en el bienestar de los participantes fue encontrado. La conclusión de estos datos preliminares es que el EMDR parece ser un tratamiento efectivo para el TEPT en adultos con una discapacidad intelectual. Sin embargo, los cálculos aún están siendo analizados, los resultados finales y las conclusiones serán presentadas en la conferencia.

Keywords: Adults Intellectual Disability Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

192. Baita, S. (2012, June). EMDR en niños con trastornos disociativos [EMDR in children with dissociative disorders]. Pre-Conference presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Sandra Baita will describe the case of a dissociative girl whose traumatization was a consequence of early exposure to chronic sexual abuse by her father. In this case, Dr. Baita will explain the challenge of working with systems surrounding the child other than the family, for example, the Justice System. She will focus on the paramount importance of the first stage of treatment and the achievement of external security when working with severely traumatized children. Dr. Baita will offer for discussion with the attendees, the development of a treatment plan for this dissociative girl using EMDR during the therapeutic stages of security and stability, working with traumatic memories, and integration.

Sandra Baita expondrá el caso de una niña con un trastorno disociativo en el cual la traumatización ha sido consecuencia de la exposición temprana a abuso sexual por parte del padre. En este caso, la Dra. Baita explicará el desafío que implica trabajar con otros sistemas además del familiar, tales como el sistema de Justicia. Ilustrará además la relevancia que adquiere la primera etapa del tratamiento y el establecimiento de un contexto real de seguridad externa en el tratamiento de niños severamente traumatizados, y mostrará, para su discusión con los asistentes, el desarrollo del tratamiento exhaustivo de esta niña utilizando EMDR a lo largo de las etapas de seguridad y estabilidad, trabajo con las memorias traumáticas e integración.

Keywords: Children Dissociative Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

193. Kennedy, S. (2004, March 31). EMDR An essential “tool” for a counselor’s “toolbox”. Arizona Department of Public Safety Crime Victim Services Newsletter, 24, 1-2.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is quickly becoming a valuable and soughtafter method for treating victims of trauma. Use of EMDR is revolutionizing the treatment of commonly seen mental health problems (such as depression, anxiety, phobias, etc.) and some of the most troubling and difficult-to-treat problems professionals deal with in clinical settings (such as posttraumatic stress syndrome, substance abuse, eating disorders, and dissociative disorders).

Keywords: General Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

194. Ribchester, T., Yule, W., & Duncan, A. (2010). EMDR for childhood PTSD after road traffic accidents: Attentional, memory, and attributional processes. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 4(4), 138-147. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.4.4.138.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) was used with 11 children who developed posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after road traffi c accidents. All improved such that none met criteria for PTSD on standardized assessments after an average of only 2.4 sessions. Signifi cant improvements in PTSD, anxiety, and depression were found both immediately after treatment and at follow-up. Attentional, memory, and attributional processes associated with PTSD were assessed and their relationship to therapeutic change examined. Treatment was associated with a signifi cant trauma-specifi c reduction in attentional bias on the modifi ed Stroop task, with results apparent both immediately after therapy and at follow-up.

Keywords: Attention Attribution Child Memory Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

195. Twombly, J. H. (2005). EMDR for clients with dissociative identity disorder, DDNOS, and ego states. In R. Shapiro (Ed.), EMDR solutions: Pathways to healing (pp. 88-120). New York: W W Norton & Co.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract: U
sing EMDR with clients with dissociative identity disorder (DID) and other dissociative disorders (DDs) requires careful adaptation to allow the unique benefits of EMDR to be used productively, without risking unleashing a flood of traumatic material and destabilizing the client. In this chapter I will discuss adaptations for each stage of treatment for dissociative clients. While I'll focus on work with DID (formerly multiple personality disorder) and dissociative disorder not otherwise specified (DDNOS), the EMDR adaptations and protocols taught in this chapter can be used with people with other DDs and complex PTSD, and in ego-state work. This chapter is divided into three sections, summarizing the treatment of DDs within the three stages of standard phase-oriented trauma treatment. [Text, pp. 88, 90]

Keywords: Adults Child Abuse DID Dissociative Identity Disorder Hypnotherapy Psychotherapeutic Processes Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

196. Adler-Tapia, R. (2012). EMDR for the treatment of children in the welfare system who have been traumatized by abuse and neglect. In A. Rubin, (Ed.), Programs and interventions for maltreated children and families at risk, The clinician's guide to evidence-based practice series, (pp. 141-160). Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
The use of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) with traumatized children is discussed. The Adaptive Information Processing model that supports EMDR is explained, as well as assessment and diagnostic processes for children in the child welfare system, the phases of the EMDR treatment protocol, and the impact of child welfare involvement on EMDR with children.

Keywords: Abuse Children Neglect Welfare System

Accuracy Verified: Yes

197. Hofmann, A. (2010, July). EMDR for treating depression. Presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Scientific studies of EMDR have shown that it is one of the most effective tools to treat posttraumatic stress disorder. One of the lesser known properties of EMDR is that it also seems to be an effective psychotherapy method in a number of disorders that may have part of their origins in stressfull memories. One of these disorders is chronic depression. Severe depression is one of the most common mental disorders and affects between 5-15% of the general population in their lifetimes. Although many psychotherapeutic and pharmacologic interventions exists that are considered to be effective in depression, the treatment is less than satisfactory. High relapse rates (ranging at 50% after two years), unsatisfactory remissions and suicidal risks are among the major problems. Research shows that there may be a link between traumatic events (like abuse experience in childhood) and the later occurrence of a depressive disorder. However there is no published systematic study that tries to explore the potential use of trauma specific treatments like EMDR with depressive patients with trauma history. The presenter will report the status of research on the subject and on a current controlled study underway to explore the use of EMDR in depressive patients.

Keywords: Depression

Accuracy Verified: Yes

198. Shapiro, F., & Forrest, M. (2002). EMDR in aktion - Die neue kurzeittherapie in der praxis [EMDR: The breakthrough therapy for overcoming anxiety, stress and trauma]. Paderborn, Germany, Junfermann Verlag GmbH & Co.

Language: German

Format: Book

Abstract:
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) ist eine von Francine Shapiro entwickelte innovative klinische Behandlungsmethode für Trauma-Opfer. Aufgrund äußerst positiver neuer Untersuchungsergebnisse ist EMDR mittlerweile die am gründlichsten untersuchte Methode zur Behandlung der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS). Gleichzeitig werden Untersuchungen über die Möglichkeiten der Anwendung von EMDR bei anderen Störungen durchgeführt. EMDR ist eine zeitsparende, umfassende Methode zur Behandlung traumatischer Erfahrungen, die die Ursache vieler Pathologien sind. Als integratives Therapiemodell, das verhaltenspsychologische, kognitive, psychodynamische, körperorientierte und systemische Elemente umfaßt, ermöglicht EMDR, in relativ kurzer Zeit tiefreichende und stabile Resultate zu erzielen. Die EMDR-Behandlungssequenz, die acht Phasen umfaßt und Augenbewegungen sowie andere Methoden der Rechts-Links-Stimulation nutzt, hilft Trauma-Opfern bei der Aufarbeitung beunruhigender Gedanken und Erinnerungen. Dieses umfassende Basiswerk zum Thema EMDR gibt einen Überblick über die Entwicklung und Erforschung der neuen Methode. Zu den vielen Patientengruppen, bei denen mit EMDR gearbeitet werden kann, zählen die Opfer von sexuellem Mißbrauch, von Verbrechen, kämpferischen Auseinandersetzungen, Kriegsfolgen und Phobie-Patienten. Als Einführung in eine neue wichtige Methode im Bereich der Traumabehandlung ist dieses Buch eine unverzichbare Lektüre für alle Kliniker und Forscher, die sich für die Arbeit mit Trauma-Opfern interessieren. Das Lehrbuch zu EMDR, dieser neuen, so überaus erfolgreichen Therapiemethode zur Behandlung von Traumaopfern.

EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is a technology developed by Francine Shapiro innovative clinical treatment for trauma victims. Due to extremely positive new findings EMDR is now the most thoroughly studied method for the treatment of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). At the same tests are carried out on the possibilities of the use of EMDR with other disorders. EMDR is a time-saving, comprehensive method for the treatment of traumatic experiences, which are the cause of many diseases. As an integrative therapy model includes the behavioral, cognitive, psychodynamic, body-oriented and systemic elements, EMDR allows to achieve in a relatively short time, profound and stable results. The EMDR treatment sequence that includes eight stages, and uses eye movements as well as other methods of left-right stimulation helps trauma victims in the processing disturbing thoughts and memories. This comprehensive work based on EMDR provides an overview of the development and exploration of the new method. Among the many groups of patients that can be worked in those with EMDR, including the victims of sexual abuse, crime, fight conflicts, war and phobia patients. As an introduction to an important new method in the field of trauma treatment, this book is a unverzichbare reading for all clinicians and researchers interested in working with trauma victims. The textbook to EMDR, this new, so very successful treatment method for the treatment of trauma victims

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

199. Wieland, S. (2012, June). EMDR in children with dissociative disorders [EMDR en niños con trastornos disociativos]. Pre-Conference presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The effect of early interpersonal trauma on adult clients has been extensively studied and reported. Less attention has been given to the effects of complex trauma on children. Because childhood is the time of most rapid brain development as well as the time when children are dependent on adult caregivers, early physical, sexual, and emotional abuse, including neglect and witnessing domestic violence, has severe effects on infants and children – disorganized attachment, affect and behavioral dysregulation, and dissociation. In this preconference Sandra Wieland will describe how early trauma and neglect affects the infant/child’s brain, autonomic nervous system, and body system. She will explain how dissociation is often used by children to protect themselves from the impact – both emotional and physical – of complex trauma. Given this high level of fragmentation and fright, children are often not able to participate successfully in the standardized EMDR protocol. Dr. Wieland will teach ways in which the EMDR protocol can be adapted in order to access more completely the child’s fragmented internal system. She will use clinical vignettes to describe ways EMDR can assist in each of the three stages of trauma treatment – safety/stabilization, trauma processing, and integration. Maria Elena Aduriz will describe a case of a girl whose traumatization is the direct consequence of a disorganized attachment to a schizophrenic, unstable and suicidal mother. Through this case she will focus on the importance of learning how to articulate EMDR interventions with the child and her adoptive parents.

Los efectos del trauma interpersonal temprano han sido extensamente estudiados y documentados. Sin embargo, se ha prestado menos atención a los efectos del trauma complejo en niños. Debido a la etapa del desarrollo en la que se encuentran y a la dependencia respecto de los adultos, los niños son especialmente vulnerables a la exposición a eventos traumáticos en el seno de los cuidados familiares tales como maltrato físico, emocional y abuso sexual. Las consecuencias postraumáticas incluyen, entre otras, apego desorganizado, desregulación afectiva y conductual, y disociación. En esta preconferencia Sandra Wieland comenzará por describir de qué forma el trauma temprano y la negligencia afectan el desarrollo del cerebro, del sistema nervioso autónomo y del sistema corporal del niño. Explicará de qué manera la disociación suele ser utilizada por el niño como protección contra el impacto –tanto emocional como físico- del trauma complejo. Debido al miedo y al alto nivel de fragmentación que presentan estos niños el protocolo EMDR estándar no puede ser utilizado de manera eficaz. La Dra. Wieland enseñará cómo el protocolo EMDR puede ser adaptado para poder acceder de manera más completa al mundo interno fragmentado del niño. Describirá con viñetas clínicas de qué forma EMDR puede

Keywords: Developmental Trauma Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

200. Poon, Wai-Ling, M. (2012). EMDR in competition with fate: A case study in a Chinese woman with multiple traumas. Case Reports in Psychiatry, 2012, 1-4. doi:10.1155/2012/827187.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This paper described the application of eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR) for addressing the posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in a Chinese woman who had experienced multiple traumas in her childhood. EMDR is an integrative therapeutic intervention that uses a standardized eight-phase approach to treatment. It is also a proven, effective, and efficient treatment for trauma. In this client with multiple traumas, the etiological event that lay the foundation of her dysfunctional responses was reprocessed first. The successful resolution of this event allowed the positive treatment effects to transfer to other traumatic events of a similar theme. This case also illustrates the importance of identifying a culturally appropriate positive cognition (PC) in contributing to the success of the treatment.

Keywords: Case Study China Trauma Woman

Accuracy Verified: Yes

201. Gambuzza, C. A. (2010, June). EMDR in complex trauma of perinatal disorder and abuse. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This paper reports a case of PN-PTSD (Perinatal Disorder), this being a disorder that is not frequently diagnoses and not classified in DSM-IV, where a technical variation of floatback, i. e., floatback-floatforward on timeline successfully overcame the posttraumatic amnesia, optimized access to the dissociated parts of the Self, and integrated the Internal Family System with EMDR and Ego State Therapy. The sixteen year old patient, S, sniffed heron and practised self mutilation. After two years' therapy the family secret was revealed in a dream and led us towards the abuse. I adopted the theoretical reference models on dissociation reported by M. Steinberg, B. A. van der Kolk, 0. van der Hart, and C. McFarlane's operative EMDR model and Ego State Therapy. The aim of the therapy was to rebuild integrity of the Self and to foster individualization- separation processes. The main goal was create a sense of loyalty during therapy that would allow S to be able to control in transitions in her dissociated mental states. Negotiation between the ego states were created so that S could face the states of terror and anxiety and gradually become integrated. Alter had different names and distinctively different preferences and personality traits, at times those alter took complete executive control of the body and of the self. Initially the alter has names outside the Self, then during the course of therapy their names began with '5'. The dissociated alters have become targets far EMDR. The story of S, revolves round two traumas: PN-PTSD and abuse. Perinatal trauma and uterine perception of her mother's depressive emotional states triggered difficulties in the child latching on to the mother's breast, and the lack of mirroring and affective syntonization caused the failure of internalization processes that lead to identity. 5 was aware of the trauma of abandonment, but not of the trauma of abuse that she defined as 'a deep impenetrable hole'. In order to address the life-threatening trauma. S used an invasive ego-dystonic coping mechanism: dissociation of the object and the Self. By placing the abuse in an alter, S could still feel attached to her family members that abused her, actively or passively using silence. While the DES scale did not provide significant dissociation results, the SCID-LIST furnished high values. The self-mutilation practised by S may represent her hate of her body that did not rebel to the abuse it was subjected to, or, as she said it may represent "a way to punish herself for the guilt of existing or to inflict upon herself physical pain to conceal the anxiety of death". EMDR was a challenge; it reached the preverbal states of the arena of the primary process, it bound with emotions and led her to symbolization, t resolved the traumatic matter that was frozen In the neural networks and determined Self- integration. The Ego States Therapy was a useful tool.

Keywords: Perinatal Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

202. Hase, M. H. (2006). EMDR in der behandlung der stoffgebundenen abhängigkeit [EMDR in the treatment of substance-dependence]. In: F. Lamprecht (Hrsg.), Praxisbuch EMDR: modifizierungen für spezielle anwendungsgebiete [EMDR practice book: modifications for special areas of application] (pp. 132-156) Stuttgart: Klett-Cotta.

Language: German

Format: Book Section

Keywords: Addiction Substance Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

203. Zobel, M. (2006). EMDR in der behandlung von suchtpatienten mit posttraumatischer belas tungsstörung [EMDR in the treatment of addicted patients with post-traumatic stress disorder]. In Schriftenreihe des Fachverbandes Sucht, e.V. Band 29 "’Integrierte Versorgung’: Chancen und Risiken für die Suchtrehabilitation" Beiträge des 18. Heidelberger Kongresses 2005, Geesthacht: Neuland..

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
Die Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass wir im Laufe unseres Lebens einem oder mehreren traumatisierenden Ereignissen ausgesetzt sind, ist relativ hoch: Die Lebenszeitprävalenzen von traumatischen Ereignissen und einer posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung betragen in internationalen epidemiologischen Studien für Frauen 17,7 – 74,2 Prozent (PTBS: 1,3 - 12,3 Prozent) und für Männer 25,2 - 81,3 Prozent (PTBS: 0,4 - 6,0 Prozent) (Kuhn, 2004). Menschen mit Suchtproblemen berichten dabei überzufällig häufig von Gewalt- und Missbrauchserfahrungen in Kindheit, Jugend und im Erwachsenenalter. In vielen Fällen kann ein Zusammenhang zwischen dem traumatischen Ereignis, der Entwicklung einer posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung und Alkoholmissbrauch und –abhängigkeit abgeleitet werden (Perkonigg et al., 2000; Zobel, 2006). Bei Vorliegen einer PTBS íst das Risiko einer Suchterkrankung oder anderer komorbider Störungen um das 4-5fache erhöht (Breslau, 2002).

The probability that we are in the course of our lives one or more traumatic events are exposed, is relatively high: the lifetime prevalence of traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder be in international epidemiological studies for women from 17.7 to 74.2 Percent (PTSD: 1.3 - 12.3 percent) for men and from 25.2 to 81.3 percent (PTSD: 0.4 - 6.0 percent) (Kuhn, 2004). People with addiction problems to report here than chance often violence and abuse experiences in childhood, adolescence and adulthood. In many cases, a connection between the traumatic Event, the development of post traumatic stress disorder and alcohol abuse and are derived dependence (Perkonigg et al., 2000; Zobel, 2006). In the event of a PTSD is a risk of addiction or other comorbid disorders at the 4-5-fold increased (Breslau, 2002).

Keywords: Addictions Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

204. Woller, W. (2003). EMDR in der psychotherapie von persönlichkeitsstörungen [EMDR in the treatment of personality disorders]. Zeitschrift für Psychotraumatologie und Psychologische Medizin (ZPPM), 1(3), 17-24.

Language: German

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Behandlung psychotraumatischer belastungsstörungen mit EMDR
Die Arbeit stellt dar, (1) welche Modifikationen oder Einschränkungen sich für die Behandlung Posttraumatischer Belastungsstörungen mit EMDR durch die Präsenz komorbider Persönlichkeitsstörungen ergeben und (2) welche Möglichkeiten EMDR darüber hinaus für die Behandlung von Persönlichkeitsstörungen ohne die Symptomatik einer PTBS bieten kann. Beim Vorliegen einer Persönlichkeitsstörung muss EMDR in einen Gesamtbehandlungsplan integriert werden, der neben umfassender Stabilisierung, Symptomkontrolle und Ressourcenaktivierung die Modifikation verzerrter interpersoneller Wahrnehmungsmuster und maladaptiver Interaktionsmuster umfasst. Probleme der therapeutischen Arbeitsbeziehung können die Stabilisierungsphase schwierig und zeitaufwändig gestalten. Die EMDR-Technik muss entsprechend dem Typ der Persönlichkeitsstörung, der Abwehrstruktur und der symptomatischen Komorbidität modifiziert werden. Zusätzlich zur Behandlung von Traumatisierungen kann EMDR zur Bewältigung aktueller und künftiger Stressoren und zur Ressourcenstärkung eingesetzt werden.

EMDR has been shown to be an effective treatment method in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). There is a marked comorbidity between PTSD and personality disorders, some of which have been found to be long-term sequelae of cumulative childhood physical and sexual traumatization. Personality disorders are also included in the concepts of "complex PTSD" and "DESNOS". The paper discusses (1) modifications and limitations of EMDR technique required for treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder with comorbid personality disorders, and (2) further applications of EMDR in the treatment of personality disorders without PTSD. If comorbid personality disorder is present, EMDR has to be integrated into a complex treatment plan which includes stabilization, symptom control, resource installation, identification of distorted interpersonal perceptions, and modification of maladaptive interpersonal interactions. Because of the central role of generalized negative beliefs in maintaining cyclical maladaptive patterns, EMDR is regarded a valuable tool to modify negative beliefs along with processing traumatic memories and body sensations. Problems of therapeutic alliance due to transference phenomena and acting-out can make stabilization difficult and time-consuming. EMDR technique should be subjected to important modifications depending on personality disorder subtype, defence structure and symptomatic comorbidity. Structural dissociations of the personality (e.g. as in dissociative identity disorder) call for a consideration of all ego-states of the personality system before planning EMDR treatment. In addition to unresolved trauma, current and future interpersonal stressors can be chosen as EMDR targets.

Keywords: Personality Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

205. Institut für Traumatherapie (2007). EMDR in der suchtbehandlung, der teufelskreis von trauma und sucht [EMDR in the treatment of addiction, the vicious cycle of trauma and addiction] . Institut für Traumatherapie.

Language: German

Format: Other

Keywords: Addiction Alcoholism DETUR Drug Abuse Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

206. Schubbe, O. (1997). EMDR in der therapie psychisch traumatisierter kinder, Institut fur Traumatherapie - Oliver Schubbe EMDR in der Therapie psychisch traumatisierter Kinder [EMDR in the treatment of psychologically traumatized children]. In C.T. Eschenröder (Hg.), EMDR. Eine neue Methode zur Verarbeitung traumatischer Erinnerungen. DGVT-Verlag, Tübingen 1997.

Language: German

Format: Other

Abstract:
Erschienen in C.T. Eschenröder (Hg.): EMDR. Eine neue Methode zur Verarbeitung traumatischer Erinnerungen. DGVT-Verlag, Tübingen 1997. ISBN 3-87159-138-6.
Die Kindheit, vor allem die ersten Jahre, gelten als die Zeit, in welcher die menschliche Psyche im Tiegel der Lebenserfahrung grundlegend geformt und geprägt wird. Extremerfahrungen können die relativ stabile Psyche eines Erwachsenen in pathologischem Maße beeinträchtigen. Im Kindesalter wirkt sie sich besonders stark auf die Entwicklung der Gesamtpersönlichkeit aus (Pynoos et al., 1995). Ausgehend von einer entwicklungspsychologischen Perspektive werden in diesem Beitrag allgemeine Prinzipien der Traumatherapie Kindern und Möglichkeiten beschrieben, EMDR mit Kindern zu praktizieren. Mehrere Fallstudien haben gezeigt, daß EMDR für Kinder mindestens ebenso hilfreich ist wie für Erwachsene (Chemtob, C. M., 1996; Cocco & Sharpe, 1993; Greenwald, 1993, 1994; Pellicer, 1993; Puffer et al., 1996; Scheck et al., 1996; Shapiro, 1991; 1995, S. 276-281).

Published in C.T. Eschenröder (ed.), EMDR. A new method for processing traumatic memories. DGVT-Verlag, Tübingen 1997th ISBN 3-87159-138-6.
The childhood, especially the first few years are regarded as the time in which the human psyche in the crucible of life experience is fundamentally shaped and influenced. Extreme experiences can affect the psyche of a relatively stable adult pathological degree. In childhood, she has an especially strong on the development of overall personality (Pynoos et al., 1995). Based on developmental psychology from the perspective described in this article general principles of trauma therapy, children and opportunities to practice EMDR with children. Several case studies have shown that EMDR for children is at least as helpful as for adults (Chemtob, CM, 1996; Cocco & Sharpe, 1993; Greenwald, 1993, 1994; Pellicer, 1993; Buffer et al., 1996; Scheck et al. , 1996; Shapiro, 1991, 1995, p. 276-281).

Keywords: Children Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

207. Egli-Bernd, H. (2011). EMDR in dissociative processes within the framework of personality disorders: The impact of cognitions in the EMDR Process: The “dialogue protocol“. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 5(3), 131-139. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.5.3.131.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
A theoretical analysis of the psychodynamic dimension of cognitions in the eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) protocol can be beneficial in addressing the specific issues affecting the choice of appropriate cognitions in working with clients with personality disorders. This group of patients share the biographic commonality of emotional-narcissistic abuse and neglect in childhood by primary attachment figures and significant others in their lives. Arising from these experiences, a subtle dissociation (in childhood) can cause the development of parts of self with an emotional and cognitive fixation on a self-image. This is defined by the child's attachment figures and other significant people, and has subsequently been internalized by the child themselves. In such cases, the actual goal of treatment is not primarily the event on which the EMDR session is initially focused, but rather the complex emotional and cognitive significance that the event has on the client's self-perception and self-evaluation.

Keywords: Attachment Childhood Abuse Dimension of Cognitions Dissociation Processing

Accuracy Verified: Yes

208. Hase, M. (2010, June). EMDR in the treatment of addiction - Reprocessing of the addiction memory. Keynote presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The comorbidity of PTSD and substance abuse provides sufficient reason for treating patients, who are addicted, with EMDR while focusing on the PTSD diagnosis. However, there are several pathways leading to addiction, and PTSD is only one of them. Thirty years of addiction research have provided sufficient evidence for the crucial role of memory in drug dependency.
The Addiction Memory (AM) serves as a useful concept for "obsessive-compulsive craving" to be seen in drug addicted patients. The concept of an AM, and its importance in relapse occurrence and maintenance of learned addictive behaviour, has gained growing acceptance in the field of addiction research and treatment. The AM is interpreted as an individual-acquired memory following drug consumption in some individuals. The addiction memory is based on normal memory systems and systems of central nervous information processing. This is in accordance with the experience that the addiction memory can be activated at any time by relapse-endangering complexes as well as internal and/or external situations, which are experienced as cravings by the person in question. The implicit nature of the addiction memory seems to qualify it as a target for EMDR treatment.
Without adequate therapeutic interventions, it is hardly extinguishable, as shown in the animal model where a re-imprinting of the AM facilitated by steroids extinguished craving in opiate addicted rats. Thus, altering or extinguishing the AM in human addicts could add an important component to well-established treatment modalities. The reprocessing of the AM with EMDR should, thus, lead to measurable changes in addiction symptoms, if the AM qualifies for maladaptive memory within the AIP model. As the AM includes the urge to consume the drug being abused, more aptly named craving, reprocessing of the AM should lead to a reduction in craving.
Preliminary data demonstrates the efficacy to reduce craving in alcohol-addicted patients. Anecdotal reports from clinicians seem to indicate an effect of the reprocessing of the addiction memory in patients addicted to heroin or psycho-stimulants. According to research in the animal model, the same principles should apply.
There are, however, other aspects to addiction. Is there a difference between chemical dependency and other addictive behaviour? How much do we know already? What have we yet to discover? These questions lead to the direction of developing a comprehensive EMDR approach in the treatment of addictions.

Keywords: Addiction Keynote

Accuracy Verified: Yes

209. Zweben, J., & Yeary, J. (2006, October). EMDR in the treatment of addictions. Journal of Chemical Dependency Treatment, 8(2), 115-227. doi:10.1300/J034v08n02_06.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Journal of Chemical Dependency Treatment Series
EMDR offers so much promise and great challenges to addiction treatment providers. It is a powerful tool for trauma resolution, but it must be carefully integrated into addiction treatment. Organizational as well as individual safety structures must be in place so that vulnerable indivduals may be offered this opportunity under conditions which maximize their chances for success. Efforts are underway to obtain funding for controlled trials, and it is hoped that these will clarify safety and efficacy questions, as well as many clinical issues that arise as more clinicians work with this method. [Haworth]

Keywords: Addictions Childhood Trauma Recovery

Accuracy Verified: Yes

210. Parnell, L. A. (2003, September). EMDR in the treatment of adults abused as children. Preconference presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR therapists need specific and advanced understanding of the EMDR method as well as additional skills to complete treatment successfully. In this workshop the overall course of treatment with EMDR is briefly outlined but specific areas are focused on in more detail. These areas include: 1) the development and installation of resources; 2) strategic target development including the bridging technqiue; 3) modification of the standard EMDR procedural steps, 4) techniques for unblocking blocked processing including advanced interweave strategies; and 5) technqiues for closing incomplete sessions.

Keywords: Adults Children Bridging Technique Incomplete Sessions Interweave Strategies Resource Development Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

211. Parnell. L. A. (1999, June). EMDR in the treatment of adults abused as children. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Las Vegas, NV.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will: 1) be able to describe the three phases of treatment; 2) be able to use at least three ego strengthening methods using EMDR, including identification, development, and installation of inner and outer resources important for preparing clients for EMDR processing, such as: safe place, positive internal resource images, such as the inner advisor child-self – adult-self assessment and development, nurturer and protector figures, spiritual resources, positive memories, images from nature, and others; 3) learn tips for successful target development; 4) learn how to develop and use special targets for EMDR processing such as: visual memories, including flashbacks; dreams; artwork; emotions, physical sensations, and body memories; TV shows and movies; and negative cognitions; 5) learn helpful modifications to the standard EMDR procedural steps; 6) learn at least two interventions to help clients who experience problems during EMDR processing with, such as dissociation, numbness, sleepiness, lack of channel activation and integration, and memory chaining; 7) learn at least two suggestions for working with client transference; 8) learn at least five techniques for working with blocked processing and abreactions; 9) learn how to use a selection of imaginal and cognitive interweaves; and 10) learn at least three techniques for closing incomplete sessions.

Keywords: Abreaction Abuse Adults Blocked Processing Closing Incomplete Session Cogntive Interweave Ego Strengthening Imaginal Interweave Target Development Transference

Accuracy Verified: Yes

212. Parnell, L. A. (2002, June). EMDR in the treatment of adults abused as children. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Diego, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR therapists need specific and advanced understanding of the EMDR method, as well as additional skills, to complete treatment successfully. In this workshop the overall course of treatment with EMDR is briefly outlined, but specific areas are focused on in more detail. These areas include 1) the development and installation of resources; 2) strategic target development, including the bridging technique; 3) modifications of thc standard EMDR procedural steps; 4) techniques for unblocking blocked processing including advanced interweave strategies; and 5) techniques for closing incomplete sessions.

Keywords: Adults Blocked Processing Bridging Children Incomplete Sessions Resource Installation Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

213. Parnell, L. (1999). EMDR in the treatment of adults abused as children. New York: W. W. Norton.

Language: English

Format: Book

Abstract:
This book offers practical information about the use of EMDR in a typical clinical setting and presents innovations that build upon the information in Shapiro's 1995 book. It not only teaches many practical techniques that help the therapist when a therapeutic impasse is reached but also provides a selection of treatment choices. Case material is used throughout the book to illustrate the techniques described and to provide the therapist with a deeper, more grounded understanding of different kinds of abuse cases. Included are suggestions I have used with my clients and collected from other sources over the last 8 years. [Text, pp. x-xi] [Pilots]

Keywords: Adults Survivors Child Abuse Incest Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Rape

Accuracy Verified: Yes

214. Brown, S., & Shapiro, F. (2006). EMDR in the treatment of borderline personality disorder. Clinical Case Studies, 5(5), 403-420. doi:10.1177/1534650104271773.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD) usually experience significant impairment in their ability to function. Impulsivity, affect instability, interpersonal difficulties, and identity problems are hallmark features of this disorder, frequently leading to suicidal and parasuicidal behaviors. Although BPD has traditionally been considered chronic and enduring, recent research has indicated that it can remit over time and that psychotherapy can accelerate this process. The etiology of BPD has been associated with childhood abuse and inadequate attachment. Given the significance of childhood abuse and trauma, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), a recognized trauma therapy, may be a reasonable treatment option for BPD. The positive effects noted in the following case illustrate EMDR's utility in the treatment of BPD and indicate that further controlled studies are warranted. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Americans Borderline Personality Disorder Case Report Child Abuse Clinical Case Study Empirical Study Females Incest Individual Psychotherapy Interpersonal Difficulties Interpersonal Interaction Psychotherapeutic Processes Qualitative Study Rape Suicide Survivors Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

215. Brown, S., Shapiro, F., & Fang Li (2011). EMDR in the treatment of borderline personality disorder. Journal of Xihua University 3, 15-24. doi:cnki:sun:CDcdsf.0.2011-03-005.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder(BPD) usually experience significant impairment in their ability to function.Impulsivity,affect instability,interpersonal difficulties,and identity problems are hallmark features of this disorder,frequently leading to suicidal and para-suicidal behaviors.Although BPD has traditionally been considered chronic and enduring,recent research has indicated that it can remit over time and that psychotherapy can accelerate this process.The etiology of BPD has been associated with childhood abuse and inadequate attachment.Given the significance of childhood abuse and trauma,eye movement desensitization and reprocessing(EMDR),a recognized trauma therapy,may be a reasonable treatment option for BPD.The positive effects noted in the following case illustrate EMDR's utility in the treatment of BPD and indicate that further controlled studies are warranted.

Keywords: Borderline Personality Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

216. Hofmann, A. (2013, June). EMDR in the treatment of Depression. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Geneva, Switzerland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Scientific studies of EMDR have shown that it is one of the most effective tools to treat posttraumatic stress disorder. One of the lesser known properties of EMDR is that it also seems to be an effective psychotherapy method in a number of disorders that may have part of their origins in stressful memories. One of these disorders is chronic depression.
Severe depression is one of the most common mental disorders and affects between 5-15% of the general population in their lifetimes. Although many psychotherapeutic and pharmacologic interventions exists that are considered to be effective in depression, the treatment is less than satisfactory. High relapse rates (ranging at 50% after two years), unsatisfactory remissions and suicidal risks are among the major problems.
Research shows that there may be a link between traumatic events (like abuse experience in childhood) and the later occurrence of a depressive disorder. However there is no published systematic study that tries to explore the potential use of trauma-specific treatments like EMDR with depressive patients.
The presenter will report the status of research on the subject, and will talk about possible EMDR strategies that have shown to be useful in depressive patients.
Learning objectives: Understanding the relationship of trauma and depression; Creating a treatment plan for depressive patients following the AIP model; and Find strategies to deal with relapsing and chronic depression

Keywords: Depression Research

Accuracy Verified: Yes

217. Brown, S., & Gilman, S. (2011, July). EMDR in the treatment of trauma and substance abuse. Presentation at CalSouthern’s Master Lecture Series at California Southern University in Irvine, CA.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
This lecture will provide an overview of a comprehensive psychotherapy treatment approach called EMDR by two Certified EMDR Approved Consultants who each have over 25 years of clinical experience. EMDR is one of the most widely researched psychotherapies for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and it also has research support for the treatment of other trauma-driven disorders including substance abuse and behavioral addictions, depression, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, borderline personality disorder and phantom limb pain. This workshop will focus on the application of EMDR with PTSD, trauma, and co-occurring substance use disorder.

Keywords: Substance Abuse Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

218. Sautai, G. (2011, June). EMDR intensive therapy (EMDRIT). Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Vienna, Austria.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Therapeutic Process seems to be blocked for some patients with strong Developmental Disorders or exposed to Disturbing Early Life Experiences (Bessel A. van der Kolk). A specific approach during EMDR Intensive Therapy (EMDRIT) using the Case Conceptualisation (Andrew Leeds), based on the Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) model (Francine Shapiro), the Attachment Theory (John Bowlby) and the Useful and Necessary Renouncement Principe (Judith Viorst) allow those patients to progress. As a pilot experience, we have been able to use this EMDRIT framework with 64 clients. Their complex disorders included, for each of them, at least 3 of the following symptoms: Anxiety, depression, primary structural dissociation, alcohol addiction, eating behaviour disorders, travel phobia, emotional numbing, affective isolation, hypochondria, phantom limb syndrome, fibromyalgia, cancer, psychological or physical abuse survivor, perpetrator of violent aggressions. For the 25 first clients, we have used the PCL-S (pathology threshold > 44) test. Their pre-treatment average score was 70. It dropped to 28 after EMDRIT treatment, down to 26 after 3 months and stabilised at 29 after 1 year. These first results allowed us to define a target population and an adapted protocol that provides client safety, efficiency and result sustainability. For the 39 next clients, we measured a decrease of the SCL-90-R (pathology threshold > 1,5) test score from 3 before treatment down to 1,4 after treatment, 1,2 after 3 months and 1,3 after 1 year. We measure efficiency on 87% of the clients and a suppression of 80% of the symptoms after 1 year. At the same time, a control cohort of 20 people with identical pathologies saw their score drop from 3 to 2,3 with the same treatment time, using the standard EMDR protocol. From this preliminary result, we are developing some research hypothesis: •Selection criteria for EMDRIT, based on the patient ability accessing Adaptive Memory Networks (AMN). •The Targeting Sequence Plan, seen as an expression of the Dysfunctional Memory Networks (DMN). •The importance of the client emotional Window Of Tolerance (WOT) for the efficiency of the Adaptive Information Processing system. •Epigenetic show possible structural brain modifications by rehabilitation of fluid links across the 3 levels of the brain (reptilian, limbic and neo-cortical). These changes are immediate and permanent. •Need to standardize appropriate scale for database, in order to foster international research and results sharing. We sea AIP model as an opportunity to move from an analytic and sequential approach to a systemic and integrative approach based on Complex System for a global understanding.

Keywords: EMDR Intensive Therapy EMDRIT

Accuracy Verified: Yes

219. Paulsen, S. L. (2004, September). EMDR master series - II: Ego state therapy and EMDR: Activating, modifying and containing dissociated neural networks. Invited master series lecture at the annual meeting the EMDR International Association, Montreal, Quebec Canada.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Chronic childhood trauma may lead to chronic dissociation which in turn produces a highly conflicted self-structure. Since conflicted self systems may not process smoothly in EMDR, it behooves practitioners to assess for degree of dissociation and other “red flag” indicators prior to EMDR. To work with clients with conflicted selves, the practitioner needs a means to access disowned parts of self. Although Ego State Therapy (EST) is based upon psychoanalytic theory, it is not slow as psychoanalytic treatment is. EST is a way to rapidly access internal structures, mediate conflicts, navigate around defenses and mobilize resources. Therefore EST is ideal as either: 1) a cognitive interweave in EMDR looping; or 2) as part of a preparation for clients in the high end of the dissociative continuum (the ACT-AS-IF approach). This workshop will illustrate case formulation and EMDR preparation and processing using the concepts above.

Keywords: Ego State Therapy Master Series

Accuracy Verified: Yes

220. Laliotis, D. (2007, September). EMDR master series – I. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Dallas, TX.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Twenty years ago, EMDR began as a clinical technique used to help clients reprocess major traumatic experiences. Since then, EMDR has developed into a comprehensive psychotherapy approach that is being used to treat low self-esteem, relationship difficulties, and performance issues not connected to major trauma, but rather to networks of unprocessed early experiences. This workshop will help clinicians develop a way of thinking about and applying EMDR to these cases where the “traumas” are not so obvious, but nonetheless, a powerful contributor to the client’s current difficulties. Cases will be presented in depth with videotape to illustrate how the treatment process evolves using EMDR and how to adequately address the insidious nature of these childhood experiences. Participants will learn how to conceptualize the case over time, how to apply cognitive interweave strategies to facilitate the client’s process, and how to develop future templates to facilitate personal growth and lasting change.

Keywords: Masters Series

Accuracy Verified: Yes

221. Rouanzoin, C. (2006, September). EMDR Master Series – II. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Philadelphia, PA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Dissociation is a normal human process. We all dissociate. Some individuals are so severely and chronically traumatized that, in order to survive, they split their awareness into at least two levels or streams of consciousness - one level being the participant in the abuse drama and the other level being an observer watching as if the abuse was happening to someone close. This defense mechanism, which allows severely abused individuals to survive, can become an obstacle to the reprocessing of their traumatic memories. This presentation will discuss dissociative process from the Accelerated Informational Processing Model of EMDR. It will cover: the implications and complications of clinical treatment with dissociative process; the nature of dissociative process; screening for dissociation and the 'Red Flags' of treatment concerns; the differential diagnoses of dissociation - from dissociation found in diagnostic categories other than Dissociative Disorders (e.g., Mood Disorders, Anxiety Disorders, PTSD) to DDNOS (ego states work) and DID; the use of EMDR in the treatment of dissociation in relation to trauma; therapist attributes that help contribute to the successful treatment of dissociative patients. Participants will be encouraged to share their own insights and difficulties in working with this very traumatized population of individuals.

Keywords: Accelerated Information Processing Model AIP DID Dissociation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

222. Hensel, T. (2007). EMDR mit kindern und jugendlichen: Ein handbuch [EMDR with children and adolescents: A handbook]. Göttingen: Hogrefe.

Language: German

Format: Book

Abstract:
Das Buch fasst in strukturierter und praxisnaher Weise das aktuelle Wissen über die Anwendung von EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) bei Kindern und Jugendlichen zusammen. Nach 15 Jahren klinischer Praxis und Forschung hat sich diese Methode als evidenz-basiertes und hoch effektives Verfahren für die Behandlung von Traumfolgestörungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter etabliert.

The book summarizes in a structured and practical manner the current knowledge on the use of EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) in children and adolescents. After 15 years of clinical practice and research has shown that this method as an evidence-based and highly effective procedure for the treatment of a dream sequence disorder in childhood and adolescence established.

Keywords: Adolescents Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

223. Tinker, R. H., & Wilson, S. A. (2000). EMDR mit kindern: Ein handbuch [EMDR with children: A handbook]. Paderborn: Junfermann.

Language: German

Format: Book

Abstract:
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) hat Tausenden von Erwachsenen geholfen, die unter den Nachwirkungen traumatischer Erlebnisse litten. Für die Arbeit mit Kindern und Heranwachsenden wird das EMDR-Protokoll so modifiziert, dass es sogar bei Kindern im Alter von zwei Jahren angewandt werden kann. Ein System zur Klassifizierung von Kindheitstraumata, das es Therapeuten ermöglicht, die Reaktion eines Kindes auf EMDR einzuschätzen, wird ebenfalls vorgestellt. Fallbeispiele veranschaulichen die Anwendung von EMDR bei unterschiedlichen Traumata. Ein ausführlicheres Bild von diesem Buch können sich die Leser durch die Leseproben auf der Verlags-Website machen.

EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) has helped thousands of adults who suffered from the aftereffects of traumatic experiences. To work with children and adolescents, the EMDR protocol is modified so that it can be applied even in children aged two years. A system for classification of childhood trauma, which allows therapists to assess the reaction of a child to EMDR is also presented. Case studies illustrate the application of EMDR with various traumas. A more complete picture of this book can make the reader through the excerpts on the publisher's website.

Keywords: Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

224. Dogan, E. (2009, Ocak). EMDR nedir nasil uygulanir? [How is EMDR to be applied?]. Epsikiyatri Haberleri [E-Psychiatry News].

Language: Turkish

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Herkesin geçmişinde büyüklü küçüklü travma yaşantıları vardır. Deprem, taciz, tecavüz gibi bir defada olan büyük travmalar olabileceği gibi çok göze çarpmayan ama süreklilik sergilediği için kişiyi ilerideki yaşantısında olumsuz etkileyebilecek olan küçük ve orta büyüklükte travmalar da vardır. İkinci gruptakileri "olay" dan ziyade süreklilik arz eden "durumlar" olarak isimlendirmek sanırım daha doğru olur. Bu gruptakilerin kişi üzerinde ileriki yaşantılarında, büyük olarak nitelendirdiklerimizden daha az etki yapacaklarını söyleyemeyiz. Bu tanımlamada büyük-küçük ayrımını yaparken kastedilenin daha çok dışarıdan bakan birisinin bu olayın ciddiyeti ile ilgili görüşü olduğu izlenimini ediniyoruz. Ancak psikolojik sağlık açısından önemli olan kişin bu olay ya da durumu iç dünyasında nasıl yaşadığıdır. Kişi çocukluğunda yaşadığı ve bir başkasının travmatik olarak isimlendireceği bir durumun etkisi ile ileride psikolojik bir problem geliştirmek zorunda değildir. Aynı şekilde, dışarıdan bakan birisinin fark edemeyeceği ama kişinin çocukluğunda maruz kaldığı olumsuz bir olay ya da süre giden bir durum o kişinin ileride psikolojik bir sıkıntı geliştirmesine neden olabilir. Örneğin, babasının yaptığı şeyleri beğenmediğini ve büyük başarılar dışında yaptığı küçük şeyleri görmediğini algılayan bir çocuk bu süre giden deneyimlerin etkisi ile ileri de ancak çok başarılı olduğu durumlarda takdir edileceği hissine sahip olabilir ve enerjisinin büyük kısmını önemli gördüğü insanlardan büyük başarılar sağlayarak takdir almaya adayabilir. Yukarıda tanımladığımız anlamda, yani kişinin ruhsal dünyasında uzun dönemli olumsuz etki yaratan bir durum olması anlamında bu durum tarvmatiktir. Diğer bir deyişle, küçüklüğünde bu kişinin maruz kaldığı durum o kişi üzerinde travmatik bir etki yaratmış ve o kişinin geleceğini etkilemiştir.

Everyone has experiences of past trauma, large and small. Earthquake, harassment, rape, such as major trauma at a time, which can be very subtle, but the person to exhibit continuity in the future could adversely affect the life of the trauma, there are also small and medium-sized. The second group are "event" rather than from the persistent "cases" as I think I would be more accurate to name. In Group on the future life of these people, do not say a large effect in less than nitelendirdiklerimizden. While this distinction meant little more than identifying large-outsider's view of someone with the impression that the seriousness of this incident ediniyoruz. However, in terms of psychological health status of the person inside the world of this event or how you live. Contact someone else's traumatic childhood and live in the future be called the psychological impact of a situation to develop is not a problem. Similarly, outsiders can not but notice one person while a child is exposed to an adverse event or a situation to develop that person's future can cause psychological distress. For example, outside the great achievements of his father and his little things he did not see things beğenmediğini detect the effect of experiences with a child going forward at this time but would be appreciated if the feeling may have to be very successful and very successful in providing energy to the majority of people it deems important to appreciate the adayabilir. Sense defined above, that person's mental world in terms of long-term negative impact that this is a situation tarvmatiktir. In other words, this person's childhood exposure to a traumatic effect on the situation created by that person and that person has affected the future of.

Keywords: Death Fear Harassment Neurophysiology Rape Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

225. Terreri, L. (2008, ). EMDR nei pazienti con tossicodipendenza: integrazione tra protocollo standard e protocolli modificati [EMDR in drug dependent subjects: integration between standard and modified protocols]. Bollettino Sulle Dipendenze, 31(4), 215-224.

Language: Italian

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Riassunto, Alcuni autori (Shapiro F., Omaha J., Popky A.J., Hase M.), ipotizzano che il metodo EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) possa essere utile ai pazienti tossicodipendenti sia per avere una migliore adattabilità e funzionalità del comportamento sia per allontanare il tempo delle ricadute. Tuttavia gli studi con l’EMDR applicato alle tossicodipendenze sono rari e in Italia pressoché assenti. L’autore, con l’intento di offrire un input per stimolare future ricerche, riassume il protocollo standard dell’EMDR, il protocollo DSRC sulla desensibilizzazione degli stimoli e la rielaborazione della compulsione e il protocollo DRDA sulla desensibilizzazione e rielaborazione del ricordo del disturbo d’astinenza. Nei soggetti che hanno effettuato i vari protocolli EMDR è stato possibile rilevare un risultato positivo a breve termine tramite i punteggi delle scale SUD (Subjective Units of Disturbance), VOC (Validity of Cognition), LOU (Level of Urge) e anche attraverso la valutazione di disegni effettuati prima e dopo la seduta EMDR.///

Shapiro F., Omaha J., Popky A. J., Hase M. et al. have speculated that Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) could be useful in the treatment of drug addicted subjects, to reach better adjustment and behavioural functioning and/or to increase the time interval between relapses. Currently, studies reporting the use of EMDR with drug addicted patients are scarce and, in Italy, absent. The article, in order to offer an input to stimulate further research and increase its application, summarizes the EMDR method and considers the possibility for the use of the “Standard EMDR protocol”, the “Desensitization of Triggers and Urge Reprocessing” protocol and the “Withdrawal Disorder Memory Desensitization and Reprocessing” protocol within the Public Drug Abuse Departments. Subjects who underwent the various EMDR treatment protocols showed positive results in the short-term period, when tested with SUD (Subjective Units of Disturbance), VOC (Validity of Cognition) and LOU (Level of Urge)scales. Encouraging results were also obtained through the evaluation of drawings done by the subjects before and after the EMDR treatments.[Author Abstract]

Keywords: Affect Bridge Compulsion Trauma Withdrawal

Accuracy Verified: Yes

226. Amato, M. (2008, Novembre). EMDR nel servizio screening post-partum [EMDR in the post-partum screening service]. Presentazione le Applicazioni Cliniche del EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
L’attività è stata svolta presso l’U.O. di ginecologia-ostetricia di Lamezia Terme nella quale è stato attivato uno Screening sulla “Depressione in gravidanza e nel puerperio” che ha come obiettivo primario di individuare i soggetti vulnerabili alla depressione o PN- PTSD e di rilevare i fattori di rischio: vulnerabilità e/o scatenanti e i fattori protettivi. La gravidanza e il parto sono eventi fisiologici che segnano un periodo determinato del ciclo di vita di una donna. Sono eventi che attivano vissuti emotivi intensi e predispongono la donna ad una eccessiva sensibilità e vulnerabilità. In questo periodo la donna contatta e fa proprie una serie di processi identificativi assunti nell’infanzia che possono, se non bene rielaborati, bloccare il comportamento responsivo della futura madre con comportamenti non idonei e convizioni target inadeguate. Anche la presenza di eventi di vita stressanti possono sovraccaricare la donna a livello emotivo tale da strutturare comportamenti poco adattivi da provocare serie difficoltà nella gestione del bambino. Nel sistematizzare tale screening si è adoperato il metodo EMDR sia nell’ambito dell’assessment nella raccolta delle informazioni dal punto degli aspetti diagnostici con riferimenti alla mappa dei traumi, che nella cura nell’uso dei tices, taping, posto al sicuro in soggetti particolarmente vulnerabili. Tale metodologia si è dimostata efficace in quanto: • individua in brevissimo tempo il target delle difficoltà con i possibili traumi, • attiva i fattori di protezione con istallazione delle risorse positive, • desensibilizza e fluidifica gli stati emotivi intensi, • velocizza la risoluzione dei comportamenti disadattavi in comportamenti adattivi adeguati al maternage, al ben-essere della donna e della genitorialità.

The activity was held at the U. O. gynecology-obstetrics Lamezia Terme in which it was activated a screening on "Depression in pregnancy and childbirth" which has as main objective to identify those vulnerable to depression or PN-PTSD and to detect risk factors: vulnerability and / and protective factors or triggers. Pregnancy and childbirth are physiological events that mark a given period of the life cycle of a woman. They are events that trigger intense emotional experiences and predispose women to an excessive sensitivity and vulnerability. During this time she makes contact, and their identification processes undertaken a series of childhood that can, if not well elaborated, lock the responsive behavior of the mother with inappropriate behavior and inappropriate convictions target. The presence of stressful life events can overload the woman on an emotional level that structuring behavior just to cause serious problems in adaptive management of the child. In systematizing this screening method was used in EMDR is of the Assessment in collecting information from the diagnostic aspects with reference to the map of trauma care in the use of which tices, taping, safe place particularly in subjects vulnerable. This methodology is effective because it can show: • identify the target in the shortest time possible difficulty with trauma, • active protection factors with installation of positive resources, • desensitizes and liquify the intense emotional states, • speeds up the resolution of maladaptive behavior in adaptive behaviors adapted to mothering, the well-being of women and parenting.

Keywords: Post-Partum Depression

Accuracy Verified: Yes

227. Moore, R. (2001). EMDR offers hope – an effective treatment for trauma. Massachusetts Office for Victim Assistance, Victim Impact, 2(1), 5.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a procedure that is increasingly used in psychotherapy to help victims reduce the impact of negative experiences from the past that intrude on present day life. Often these negative life experiences involve a trauma such as sexual assault, abuse, a car crash, or the murder of a loved one.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

228. Omaha, J. (1998, July). An EMDR protocol for treatment of chemical dependency disorder. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Assocation, Baltimore, MD.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will learn: 1) the Chemotion Model for chemical dependency disorder describing how substance abuse presents an reenactment of childhood emotional trauma: 2) how specific object relations deficits constitute emotional traumas that translate into specific chemical dependencies in the adult substance abuses; 3) how the object relations deficits driving chemical dependency can be evoked through Gestalt communication technique or recognized in dreams; and 4) how to apply principles of EMDR to desensitize and reprocess object relations deficits driving chemical dependency.

Keywords: Chemotion Dreams Gestalt Object Relations Deficits

Accuracy Verified: Yes

229. Rahman, Q. M., & Hossain, T. (2002, June). EMDR psychotherapy can help to cure negative impact of childhood punishment. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Diego, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Childhood Punishment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

230. Maxfield, L., & Smyth, N. (2009, August). EMDR research: Where we stand, where we should go, and why we should care. Plenary at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Atlanta, GA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The panel reviews EMDR research, explains the strengths and weaknesses of its current status, and discusses possible future research in the next 5 to 10 years. The panel begins with a discussion of the meaning of “evidence-based” designations, and related legal and ethical implications. A review of EMDR’s efficacy in the treatment of PTSD also highlights areas for future research and issues related to deviations from the standard protocol. This is followed by an overview of preliminary research evaluating EMDR’s effectiveness in the treatment of anxiety disorders, depression, somatic disorders, pain, substance abuse, and offender behavior. A summary of past and current research in these areas indicates opportunities for important future research. The panel concludes with a summary of the research on the effects of eye movements, in disrupting traumatic memories, enhancing physiological de-arousal, and creating psychological distance. The relevance of these findings for various proposed mechanisms in EMDR is discussed, and future research is encouraged.

Keywords: Plenary Research

Accuracy Verified: Yes

231. Shapiro, R. (2005). EMDR solutions: Pathways to healing. New York: W W Norton & Co.

Language: English

Format: Book

Abstract:
This book is a manual for doing EMDR with diverse client populations. [Text, P. 3]TOPICS TREATED: The strategic developmental model for EMDR; Integrating resource development strategies into your EMDR practice; EMDR for clients with dissociative identity disorder, DDNOS, and ego states; EMDR processing with dissociative clients: adjunctive use of opioid antagonists; The phantom limb pain protocol; The two-hand interweave; DeTUR, an urge reduction protocol for addictions and dysfunctional behaviors; Targeting positive affect to clear the pain of unrequited love, codependence, avoidance, and procrastination; The reenactment protocol for trauma and trauma-related pain; EMDR with cultural and generational introjects; Exiting the binge-diet cycle; Utilizing EMDR and DBT techniques in trauma and abuse recovery groups; Using EMDR in couples therapy; EMDR with clients with mental disability; Treating anxiety disorders with EMDR; Affect regulation for children through art, play, and storytelling. [Pilots]

Keywords: Anxiety Disorders Psychotherapeutic Processes Stressors Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

232. Manfield, P. (1998). EMDR terms and procedures: Resolution of uncomplicated depression. In P. Manfield (Ed.), Extending EMDR: A casebook of innovative applications, (1st Ed.) (pp. 15-36). New York: W. W. Norton. xii, 292 pp.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
No abstract available.

Keywords: Adults Americans. Child Abuse Depressive Disorders Life Experiences Males Psychotherapeutic Processes Rape Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

233. Grey, E. (2008, September). EMDR theory exists: An explanation of neuro-physiological underpinnings. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR International Association, Phoenix, AZ.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR Theory Exists is designed to provide a peer reviewed explanation of the neuro-physiological underpinnings of the AIP model. Through educating practitioners on the links between bilateral stimulation and the brain one’s ability to describe EMDR to consumers increases. The brain mechanisms impacted by bilateral stimulation move memories into a stage in which a human naturally heals. These neuro-physiological underpinnings are illustrated through synthesis with a complex case of childhood ritual abuse. Participants will be furnished the opportunity to practice applying these underpinnings to cases and improve their ability to explain EMDR’s potential impact on a consumer.

Keywords: Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

234. Grey, E. (2009, May). EMDR theory exists: An explanation of neurophysiological underpinnings. Presentation at the EMDR Canada Conference, Vancouver, British Columbia Canada.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR Theory Exists is designed to provide a peer reviewed explanation of the neurophysiological underpinnings of the AIP model. Through educating practitioners on the links between the AIP and the brain, one’s ability to describe EDMR to consumers increases. The brain mechanisms impacted by EMDR moves memories into a stage in which a human naturally heals. These neurophysiological underpinnings are illustrated through synthesis with a complex case of childhood ritual abuse. Participants will be furnished the opportunity to practice applying these underpinnings to cases and improve their ability to explain EMDR’s potential impact on a consumer.

Keywords: Neurophysiological Underpinnings Ritual Abuse Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

235. Hase, M. (2010, June). EMDR to treat substance abuse and addiction. Preconference presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The comorbidity of PTSD and substance abuse provides sufficient reason for treating patients, who are addicted, with EMDR while focusing on the PTSD diagnosis. However, there are several pathways leading to addiction, and PTSD is only one of them. Thirty years of addiction research have provided sufficient evidence for the crucial role of memory in drug dependency. The Addiction Memory (AM) serves as a useful concept for "obsessive-compulsive craving" to be seen in drug addicted patients. The concept of an AM, and its importance in relapse occurrence and maintenance of learned addictive behaviour, has gained growing acceptance in the field of addiction research and treatment. The AM is interpreted as an individual-acquired memory following drug consumption in some individuals. The addiction memory is based on normal memory systems and systems of central nervous information processing. This neurobiological-based, imprinted, addictive behaviour seems to resist change under normal circumstances. The implicit nature of the addiction memory seems to qualify it as a target for EMDR treatment.
In a pilot-study group, 34 patients with chronic alcohol dependency in in-patient treatment for detoxification were randomly assigned to one of two treatment conditions: treatment as usual (TAU) or TAU+EMDR. In the TAU+EMDR group, patients received two sessions of EMDR focussing on memories of intense craving or relapse in order to activate and reprocess the addiction memory. The craving for alcohol was measured by the Obsessive-Compulsive-Drinking-Scale (OCDS) pre, post, and 1 month after treatment. The TAU+EMDR group showed a significant reduction in craving post-treatment and 1 month after treatment whereas TAU did not. The TAU+EMDR group showed lower relapse rates at the six-month follow-up. The results indicate that EMDR might be a useful approach for the treatment of addiction memory and associated symptoms of craving (Hase et al. 2008). Anecdotal reports show results with opiate and stimulant addicted patients.
This Workshop will address the EMDR treatment of comorbid PTSD and focuses on the application of EMDR as an adjunct in addiction treatment. Targets for a comprehensive EMDR treatment plan will be explained. A video demonstration, self-experience and discussion of cases shall contribute to learning.
REFERENCES Boening, J. A. (2001). Neurobiology of an addiction memory. J Neural Transm 108(6): 755-65.
Hase, M., Schallmayer, S. and Sack, M (2008). "EMDR reprocessing of the addiction memory: Pre-treatment, post-treatment, and 1-month follow-up" J EMDR 2 (3), 170-179.

Keywords: Addiction Memory Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Substance Abuse TAU Treatment As Usual

Accuracy Verified: Yes

236. Knipe, J. (2012, June). EMDR toolbox [La Caja de herramientas en EMDR]. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR has had a profound positive impact on the lives of many clients and has been shown in more than seventeen published trials to be effective in the treatment of PTSD (Maxfield & Hyer, 2002). However, the DSM IV definition of PTSD is focused on the single traumatic incident, and many clients seeking relief in therapy have a damaging traumatic history that extended over repeated events or over long periods of time. The term, Complex PTSD (Herman, 1992, van der Kolk, 2005) has been proposed to describe a pattern of negative effects of prolonged and extreme stress, particularly during childhood. The focus of this workshop is to describe a theoretical framework, and specific therapy “tools” which may be useful in providing effective therapy, within the EMDR Adaptive Information Processing Model, to individuals suffering with Complex PTSD. Important concepts and particular interventions will be illustrated through video examples and transcripts from therapy sessions. Dr. Knipe will present methods for identifying and treating specific dissociative symptoms with accompanying evidence from available research or case studies. He will offer EMDR “tools” that can be used to make the healing power of EMDR more available to clients who are avoidant, and/or highly vulnerable to dissociative abreaction, chronic shame, and unrealistic idealization of self or of others. He will discuss the primary characteristics of clients with Complex PTSD, including problems with disrupted attachment and inappropriate psychological defenses. He will illustrate how to identify various Ego-‐States and work with these within the Adaptive Information Processing Therapy Approach. Time will be available for participants to discuss difficult EMDR cases.

EMDR ha tenido un profundo efecto sobre la vida de muchos clientes y ha demostrado en más de diecisiete ensayos publicados, ser eficaz para el tratamiento del TEPT (Maxfield & Hyer, 2002). Sin embargo, la definición del DSM IV del TEPT está centrada en el incidente traumático único, mientras que en muchos de los clientes que buscan el alivio a través de la terapia su historial traumático incluye episodios traumáticos repetidos o que se extienden a lo largo de períodos prolongados de tiempo. Se ha propuesto el término TEPT complejo (Herman, 1992, van der Kolk, 2005) para describir un patrón de efectos negativos derivados una situación de estrés prolongado e intenso que ha aparecido principalmente en la infancia. Este taller estará centrado en describir el marco teórico y las “herramientas” terapéuticas específicas que pueden ser necesarias para proporcionar , dentro del modelo de procesamiento adaptativo de la información de EMDR, una terapia eficaz a los individuos que sufran de un cuadro de TEPT complejo. Los conceptos importantes y las intervenciones concretas que se realizan serán ejemplificadas mediante ejemplos en vídeo y mediante transcripciones de sesiones de terapia. El Dr. Knipe presentará diversos métodos que permitan identificar y tratar los síntomas disociativos específicos, los cuales irán acompañado de la evidencia de que se dispone procedente de la investigación existente o de los estudios de casos. Ofrecerá, además, aquellas “herramientas”de EMDR que pueden ser empleadas para que el poder sanador del EMDR esté más disponible para aquellos clientes con comportamientos evitativos y/o que son extremadamente sensibles a experimentar abreacciones disociativas, vergüenza crónica o conceptos idealizados de sí mismos o de los demás no realistas. Comentará también cuales son las características principales de los pacientes que padecen de TEPT complejo, entre los que se incluyen los vínculos afectivos perturbados y los mecanismos de defensa psicológica inadecuados. Ilustrará, igualmente, cómo poder identificar los diversos estados del ego que se producen y cómo trabajar con ellos en el marco del procesamiento adaptativo de la información. Se dispondrá de un tiempo adicional para comentar con los participantes los casos difíciles que se presenten con EMDR.

Keywords: EMDR Toolbox

Accuracy Verified: Yes

237. Knipe, J. (2010, July). EMDR toolbox: Specific methods of treating adult clients with complex PTSD, psychological defenses and dissociative personality structure. Preconference presentation at the 1st EMDR Asia Conference, Bali, Indonesia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR has had a profound positive impact on the lives of many clients and has been shown in more than twenty randomized, peer-reviewed trials to be effective in the treatment of PTSD. However, the DSM IV definition of PTSD is focused on the single traumatic incident, and many clients seeking relief in therapy have a damaging traumatic history that extended over repeated events or over many years. The term, Complex PTSD (Herman, 1992, van der Kolk, 2005) has been proposed to describe a pattern of negative effects of prolonged and extreme stress, particularly during childhood. The focus of this workshop is to describe a theoretical framework, and specific therapy “tools” which may be useful in providing effective therapy, within the EMDR Adaptive Information Processing Model, to individuals suffering with Complex PTSD. Methods will be described that can make the healing power of EMDR more available to clients who are avoidant, defensive, and/or highly vulnerable to dissociative abreaction, chronic shame, and unrealistic idealization of self or of others. Important concepts and particular interventions will be illustrated through video examples and transcripts from therapy sessions.

Keywords: Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Complex PTSD, C-PSTD Dissociative Personality Structure Psychological Defenses Toolbox

Accuracy Verified: Yes

238. Vogelmann-Sine, S., Sine, L. F., & Popky, A. J. (1997, July). EMDR treatment for chemical dependency: Training for participation in a multisite study. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Francisco, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Addictions Substance Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

239. Korn, D. (2010, April). EMDR treatment in adults with a history of incest and neglect. Developmental deficits and restore the damaged self. Presentation at the 4th EMDR Association Netherlands Conference, Nijmegen, The Nederlands.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop will address the integration of EMDR into an overall treatment plan for adult incest and neglect in childhood have experienced. The workshop is a deepening of the keynote of the conference. The methodology will be explained in detail and will be illustrated with video presentations and discussion of case studies. Initially, explains how the development and bonding needs of the client can be investigated and how a meaningful descriptive diagnosis can be developed into an integrated, logical plan of treatment. In this group of clients, where there is limited affect tolerance, vulnerability to hyper-and hypoarousal and dissociative characteristics, the standard EMDR protocol to be adapted to specific strategies. As will be discussed in detail. Also, much attention is paid to the integration of EMDR specific techniques, such as various ego-enhancing protocols and resource installation (RDI) in all phases of treatment. Will also discuss techniques that help clients to their dysfunctional defense mechanisms to let go, so changing schedules with their distinctive core ideas and possible kernaffecten Participants in this workshop will learn to pathogenic emotional states (such as shame, despair, unbearable loneliness feelings), and fears "blocking beliefs", ego-state conflicts to recognize that the most effective and interweaves resource options can be applied. Moreover, through strategies for recovery, such as clarifying responsibilities, establishing security and choice, and the process of mourning, desire and anger are discussed.

Keywords: Adults Developmental Deficits Incest

Accuracy Verified: Yes

240. Gould, E. (1994, March). EMDR treatment of adult survivors of sexual abuse. Presentation at the 14th annual meeting of the Anxiety Disorders Association of America, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: No

241. de Roos, C., & de Jongh, A. (2008). EMDR treatment of children and adolescents with a choking phobia. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 2(3), 201-211. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.2.3.201.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Given the limited number of reported cases in literature, it might be concluded that it is rare to develop a choking phobia in childhood. However, it appears as though confusion in terminology and the time lapse between the onset of the disorder and treatment often results in the diagnosis being missed. In this article, we discuss a review of the clinical symptoms, differential diagnosis, comorbidity, etiology, and treatment options for choking phobia. We present a case series, describing the successful EMDR treatment of choking phobia for 4 children and adolescents, with positive outcomes achieved in 1 or 2 sessions. In addition, a detailed transcript is presented of a 15-year-old girl with a choking phobia related to an incident that occurred 5 years previously. The rapid elimination of symptoms in all 4 cases indicates that EMDR can be an effective treatment for choking phobias resulting from previous disturbing events. Randomized research on this promising intervention is strongly suggested.

Keywords: Adolescents Children Choking Phobia Specific Phobia

Accuracy Verified: Yes

242. Abel, N. J., & O'Brien, J. M. (2010). EMDR treatment of comorbid PTSD and alcohol dependence: A case example. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 4(2), 50-59. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.4.2.50.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is a therapy that has been demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A relatively small but growing body of literature indicates that EMDR may be an effective adjunctive treatment for substance abuse. This article reviews the various protocols that have been developed for that purpose, including protocols by Vogelmann-Sine et al., Omaha, Popky, and Hase. A case study that incorporates the use of some of these interventions is presented to illustrate successful EMDR treatment of a woman who had long-standing comorbid alcohol abuse and PTSD. Two-year follow-up after EMDR showed that the woman was successfully maintaining sobriety and that the PTSD continued in full remission. After a discussion of the important aspects of this case, the authors explore future directions for research.

Keywords: Alcohol Dependence Comorbid PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

243. Manon, M. (2007). EMDR Treatment of family abuse: Eye movement to "I" movement. In F. Shaprio, F. W. Kaslow, & L. Maxfield (Eds.), Handbook of EMDR and family therapy processes (pp. 95-110). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
This chapter presents an inside view of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) narrated by a client who was requested to tell her story to educate clinicians and clients so that others might be healed. The client's vivid account of her emotional history, along with the description of various memories targeted in treatment and the results of her processing sessions, provide an illustration of the therapy. Her emotional upheaval and adult relationships are a reflection of the cauldron of abuse, deceit, and chaos intrinsic to her family of origin. As indicated by the Adaptive Information Processing model, her symptoms were largely the result of the earlier negative experiences from childhood that were dysfunctionally stored in her brain. These memories had inherent within them the emotions and perspectives that generated her negative sense of self and inability to function happily in the world. The processing of the memories of these early events resulted in accelerated learning and a concomitant transmutation of her personal identity and self-efficacy. An addendum to the case by Kaslow elucidates the family systems perspective. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing Model Child Abuse Cognitive Processes Early Memories Family Abuse Family Systems Perspective Memories

Accuracy Verified: Yes

244. Holmshaw, M. (2009, March). EMDR treatment of four cases of long term heterosexual unconsummated relationships: Efficacy of trauma-based, adaptive psychological approach. Symposium conducted at the 7th annual Conference of the EMDR UK & Ireland Association, Manchester, UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Four women between the ages of 29 and 35 presented with distress and relationship problems due to their perceived inability to sexually consummate their marriages. On average they had been married for 48 months and in all four cases presented with considerable distress as they perceived themselves as failures fearing that they would not be able to have children. Despite varied past histories, this small cohort all had either sexual abuse histories (one case) or unusual fantasies about sexual penetration and their own and their partners’ sexual organs. This presentation illustrates the helpfulness of history taking and case conceptualisation with specific emphasis on sexual and developmental history, the role of the “normal” male partner and the use of the touchstone memory in obtaining initial targets for processing The four women are compared to establish individual variables which determined sessions numbers and successful treatment outcome. (Session numbers varied between 6 and 35, with three subjects needing fewer than 10 sessions). Suggestions for the use of a similar approach to treat sexual performance anxiety are put forward

Keywords: Heterosexual Unconsummated Relationships Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

245. Young, W. (1994, June). EMDR treatment of phobic symptoms in multiple personality disorder. Dissociation, 7(2), 129-133.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Two multiple personality disorder patients with severe, persistent phobias were treated using Eye Movement Desensitization/Reprocessing (EMDR). Both patients achieved significantly beneficial results with a single session in one patient and two sessions in another. Each patient confronted the previously phobic object successfully showing an objective measure of success and results were maintained at six months follow-up. Caution should be exercised from generalizing the use of EMDR for specific target symptoms to using it as a total treatment technique. Further research is needed to determine the efficacy of EMDR as a treatment procedure in general and its role in the overall treatment of dissociative conditions. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Child Abuse DID Dissociative Identity Disorder Empirical Study Females Follow-up Study Incest Phobia Rape Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

246. Haour, F., Meignant, I., & De Beaurepaire, C. (2012, June). EMDR treatment of sexual traumas in a child offender [Tratamiento EMDR de traumas sexuales en un pedófilo]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Child offenders have been abused 3 to 6 time more than controls during childhood and these figures are probably grossly underestimated. Most of them exhibit all or many symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorders (PTSD) in association with anxiety-‐depression-‐addiction. TCC treatments are useful but with limited efficacy (Brooks-‐ Gordon B et al, Journal of forensic Psychiatry and Pathology, 2006; 17:442-‐466). The treatment by the EMDR approach of the traumatic memories should be beneficial to these patients. Previous work (Ricci RJ et al, Journal of forensic Psychiatry and Pathology, 2006; 17:538-‐562) has provided preliminary results in child molesters. Clinical Case: A 40 years old male convicted and jailed for sexual abuse (pedophilia) at 33 years of age. He lives with a wife and a son (9 year old) and has a regular job. His medications are: antipsychotic, antidepressor, antiepileptic, anxiolytic and anti androgens. He sees regularly a psychologist but is submitted to anxious attacks and pedophilic desires. He usually needs to be hospitalized several weeks twice a year. Following assessment and psychological evaluation (DSM IV, PCLS, SOS, BECK 21, DES) and case conceptualisation, the traumatic events were desensitized and reprocessed through EMDR treatment: rape and sexual abuse by an older brother from 5 to 12, familial humiliations, rape under threat, at 11 year of age by an adult, accusation by a 13 years old partner at 33 years of age, prison, trial, etc. The themes of the first 8 EMDR sessions (first 3 months) were: helplessness/control, danger/ security, and will be exposed in details. The changes in the patient appreciation of himself and his symptoms were followed during this period. A sharp decline in the anxiety scores (Beck 21) and a rapid increase in the SOS (Schwartz outcome scale: quality of life) were observed. At the same time the pedophilic desires were disappearing. This allowed the psychiatrist to reduce the antiandrogenic treatments as well as antipsychotic, antiepileptic and antidepressor. Nine month after the beginning of therapy the patient was without antiandrogens. The SOS scores remained high but episodes of anxiety and depression were still present (9 to 12 months after beginning of EMDR treatment). In conclusion, desensitization of traumatic memories lied to a dramatic improvement of anxiety and changes in sexual desire in a man convicted for pedophilia.

Los abusadores sexuales han sido, durante la infancia, víctimas de abusos sexuales de 3 a 6 veces más que los controles y estos datos están lejos de aproximarse a un dato real. Muchos de ellos exhiben todos o muchos, síntomas del Trastorno de Estrés Post-‐traumático (TEPT) en asociación con ansiedad, depresión o adicciones. Los tratamiento TCC son útiles pero de limitada eficacia. (Brooks-‐ Gordon B et al, Journal of forensic Psychiatry and Pathology, 2006; 17:442-‐466). El tratamiento a través de EMDR de los recuerdos traumáticos debería ser beneficioso para el paciente. En trabajos previos (Ricci RJ et al, Journal of forensic Psychiatry and Pathology, 2006; 17:538-‐562) han mostrado resultados preliminares en pedófilos. Caso Clínico: Un convicto varón, 40 años, entró en la cárcel por abusos sexuales (Pedofilia) a la edad de 33 años. Vive con su mujer y su hijo (9 años de edad) y posee un trabajo estable. Su tratamiento farmacológico es: Antipsicóticos, antidepresivos, antiepilépticos, ansiolíticos y anti-‐andrógenos. Muestra un patrón psicológico regular pero está supeditado a ataques de ansiedad y deseos pedófilos. Normalmente necesita ser hospitalizado durante varias semanas 2 veces al año. Siguiendo las tareas y la evaluación psicológica (DSM IV, PCLS, SOS, BECK 21, DES), conceptualización del caso, los eventos traumáticos donde se ha aplicado el tratamiento EMDR: Violación y abuso sexual por su hermano mayor desde los 5 hasta los 12 años, humillaciones familiares, violación bajo amenaza por un adulto a la edad de 11 años., acusación por un niño de 13 años, ingreso en prisión, juicio… Las temáticas en las primeras 8 sesiones de EMDR (los primeros 3 meses) fueron: Desesperanza/Control, peligro/ Seguridad, y serán expuestas en detalle. Se hizo un seguimiento de los cambios apreciados por el paciente y sus síntomas. Una fuerte bajada de las puntuaciones en ansiedad (Beck21) y un rápido aumento de la SOS (Schwartz outcome scale: quality of life) fueron observadas. Al mismo tiempo que los deseos pedófilos iban desapareciendo. Esto permitía al psiquiatra reducir los tratamiento antiandrogénicos, antiepilépticos, antidepresores y antipsicóticos. Nueve meses más tarde del comienzo del tratamiento el paciente abandonó los antiandrógenos. Las puntaciones del SOS seguían altas pero los episodios de ansiedad y depresión seguían presentes (de 9 a 12 meses después del tratamiento EMDR) En conclusión, desensibilizar recuerdos dramáticos ligados a una espectacular mejora de la ansiedad y cambios en el deseo sexual del convicto por pedofilia.

Keywords: Child Offenders Sexual Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

247. Farrell, D. (2013, June). EMDR treatment plan and survivors of child sexual abuse by clergy. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Geneva, Switzerland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The issue of sexual abuse by clergy is not a new phenomenon of concern. Sipe (1995, pg 10) states that in spite of all the good done by clergy for both children and adults there is an ancient awareness of the danger of and potential for their corruption. This workshop will consider some of the essential aspects of survivor’s experiences of sexual abuse perpetrated by clergy or religious from a psycho-traumatology perspective. It will explore the implications for using EMDR with this client group. The primary focus of the workshop will be upon the EMDR phases of: History taking (Case Conceptualisation), Preparation Phase, Implications for desensitisation and reprocessing and the wider implications for EMDR clinical practice.
Learning Objectives: Consider the diagnostic and case conceptual frameworks relating to this specific client group informed by the Adaptive Information Processing model; Outline key aspects relating to phase 2 preparation and resource building; and Explore some of the implications for desensitization and reprocessing in relation to working with survivors of sexual abuse perpetrated by clergy.

Keywords: Children Clergy Abuse Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

248. Korn, D. L. (2008, May). EMDR treatment with survivors of chronic abuse and neglect: Repairing developmental deficits and shattered selves - [Utilisation d’EMDR dans le traitement des survivants d’abus ou négligence chroniques: Réparer les déficits développementaux et les sois éclatés]. Presentation at an annual meeting of EMDR Canada, Montréal, Quebec Canada.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Cet atelier d’une journée met l’accent sur l’intégration de l’EMDR à l’intérieur d’un plan thérapeutique. Nous aborderons l’utilisation d’EMDR pour traiter le Stress post-traumatique complexe, de même que d’autres syndromes cliniques d’origine traumatique, tels que le Trouble de personnalité limite et les Troubles dissociatifs. Des modifications et/ou additions au protocole EMDR seront proposées afin de tenir compte des capacités limitées à tolérer les affects, des défenses rigides, de la sur-utilisation des stratégies d’évitement, des conflits entre les états du moi, des tendances à la dissociation ou des dérégulations émotionnelles importantes.

Nous aborderons l’évaluation des aspects développementaux et des besoins d’attachement du client, l’établissement d’une bonne compréhension de la situation clinique et le développement d’un plan de traitement intégré avec des objectifs atteignables et réalisables. On portera plus particulièrement notre attention sur l’intégration de l’EMDR comme moyen de renforcer l’Ego et le développement des ressources au cours des différentes étapes du traitement. This full-day workshop will focus on integrating EMDR into an overall recovery plan. The use of EMDR in treating complex PTSD as well as other trauma-related syndromes such as borderline personality disorder and dissociative disorders will be addressed. In recognition of clients’ limited affect tolerance, rigid defenses, overdeveloped avoidance patterns, ego state conflicts, dissociative tendencies, and extreme emotional dysregulation, strategies for modifying and supplementing standard EMDR protocols will be explored. Assessing the developmental and attachment needs of the client, establishing a useful case conceptualization, and developing an integrated treatment plan with achievable goals will be discussed. Considerable attention will be devoted to integrating EMDR ego strengthening and resource development protocols into all phases of treatment.

Keywords: Complex PTSD Dissociative Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

249. Lilienfeld. S. O. (1996, January/February). EMDR treatment: Less than meets the eye. Skeptical Inquirer, 20(1), 25-31.

Language: English

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
Examines EMDR and the experimental evidence surrounding it, which does not indicate that it is any more effective than other treatments for PTSD, despite its enthusiastic support. [Pilots]

Keywords: Adults Americans Brief Psychotherapy Child Abuse Females Longitudinal Study Methodology Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Random Clinical Trial RCT Rape Self Efficacy Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

250. Jacobs, S., Schmidt, S., Ludecke, C., & Strack, M. (2009). EMDR und biofeedback in der behandlung von substituierten traumapatienten [EMDR and biofeedback in the treatment of substituted traumatic patients]. EMDR und biofeedback in der behandlung von substituierten traumapatienten, In S. Jacobs, (Hrsg.), Neurowissenschaften und Traumatherapie. Grundlagen und Behandlungskonzepte, [Neurosciences and Trauma Therapy, Bases and treatment approaches] (pp. 107-134). Göttingen: Universitätsverlag.

Language: German

Format: Book Section

Abstract: Prevalence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder is alarmingly high among substanceabusing inpatients. Although many studies have shown this problem, treatment offered for combined trauma and substance abuse-therapy can hardly be found. Many patients are told to initially treat their substance abuse before treating the PTSD. This study deals with the trauma-treating method EMDR and biofeedback with substituted inpatients. 15 of these inpatients recieved questionnaires at three different point in time during their therapy, in addition nine of them during a 3-month-follow-up. Furthermore biofeedback-conductance was held within the EMDR-sets to represent the decline of the psycological affrivation, measured wit electrodermal activity h electrodermal activity. These data were compared to not-consuming outpatients, who received the same treatment. Overall there were positive changes in ratings regarding the traumaspecific variables, general psychic strain, depressivity, somatic discomfort and dissociative symptoms. An increased satisfaction in different areas of life could also be observed. Data associated with electrodermal activities showed only marginal differences compared to the reference data.

Keywords: Biofeedback

Accuracy Verified: Yes

251. Hase, M. (2008, September). EMDR und substanzgebundene abhängigkeit [EMDR and substance abuse]. Pre-Congress Präsentation auf dem 11. Kongress der European Society of Hypnosis in Psychotherapie und Psychosomatische Medizin, Wien, Österreich.

Language: German

Format: Conference

Keywords: Substance Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

252. Hase, M. (2008, September). EMDR und substanzgebundene abhängigkeit [EMDR and substance-related addiction]. Präsentation auf der Pre-Kongress am EMDR auf dem European Congress of Hypnosis, Wien, Österreich .

Language: German

Format: Conference

Keywords: Addiction Substance Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

253. ter Heide, J. J. (2008, June). EMDR versus stabilisation in the treatment of traumatised asylum seekers and refugees: Preliminary results of a pilot RCT. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Conference, London, England UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Despite the high prevalence of PTSD in refugee populations, it is as yet unclear how to treat traumatised refugees and asylum seekers most effectively. Whilst EMDR is a treatment of choice for PTSD, it is considered good clinical practice to use a phased model of intervention with these patients. In this model, a stabilisation phase precedes EMDR. Many clinicians are reluctant to try EMDR with this population for fear of psychological decompensation. They tend to stick to stabilisation techniques. Centrum ’45 in the Netherlands is a national centre for mental health care, specialising in the treatment of victims of war and organised violence. In order to optimise the mental health care offered, the centre is conducting a pilot RCT to see which is more effective in the treatment of traumatised asylum seekers and refugees: eight sessions of EMDR or eight sessions of stabilisation. The study population consists of 20 adult patients who applied for treatment and who met the DSM-IV criteria of PTSD, excluding those who are suicidal, psychotic, (hypo) manic or who suffer from substance abuse or eating disorders. Patients are screened for participation using the SCID module PTSD and part of the MINI. Symptoms of PTSD, depression and anxiety, and quality of life are assessed at pre- and post-treatment and follow-up, using the HTQ, HSCL-25 and the WHOQOL-BREF. The pilot study is due to finish in October 2008. In this poster presentation, we present preliminary findings, including data from the pre- and post-treatment assessments.

Keywords: Asylum Seekers Poster Refugees

Accuracy Verified: Yes

254. Ward, C. (2010, March). EMDR with a family using a group protocol. Presentation at the 8th EMDR Association UK & Ireland Annual Conference & AGM, Dublin, Ireland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
I will present a way of working with families using EMDR, offer question and discussion time and the opportunity to explore the approach. I would very much like to provide an arena to discuss and share learning about EMDR with families and to agree some success criteria for working in this way. The focus of my presentation is the successful use of the EMDR group protocol to work with domestic abuse. I will describe the use of images to process memories and current fears. I will cover what made the approach successful in the context of the existing resources. Conference Abstracts I will describe our learning about co-working across different modalities in the way that we did. The workshop will have an interactive and experiential focus, which I hope will capture the energy and creativity of the approach. New Learning points: • Adapting and developing a group EMDR protocol • Co-work with a parent and a colleague from another modality • Using EMDR to process the legacy of domestic abuse

Keywords: Family Group Protocol

Accuracy Verified: Yes

255. [Kondo Chikako]. (2009, May). EMDR with a violent child at school: Collaborative treatment for an abused child who witnessed her mother's suicide. EMDR研究1（1）、34から43 [Japanese Journal of EMDR Research and Practice, 1(1), 34-43].

Language: Japanese

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The junior high school girl in this case witnessed her mother's suicide at the age of four. She has been acting violently since she entered elementary school. One yearbefore the author met her, a consultation office for children intervened due to physical abuse by her father. Flashbacks and dissociation caused wrist cutting and panic. After a few EMDR sessions, wrist cutting, panic and PTSD symptoms disappeared. As she gained affect regulation skills, she gradually improved her interpersonal relationship and began to trust others. The consultation aclivities by a school counselor, namely the offering of psycho-educational information to the school, supporting teachers and improving teacher's psychological understandings about her, was also important in addition to individual treatment. The author discussed about the treatment of school children survivors who rarely visit mental or medical institutions.

Keywords: Child Abuse Collaboration at School Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

256. Zobel, M. (2010, June). EMDR with alcohol addicted patients with comorbid PTSD in a treatment facility for alcoholism - experiences, outcome, perspectives. In Addictions. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Patients with alcohol addiction often report sexual abuse and neglect in childhood and/or other traumatic events during lifetime. In addiction treatment facilities symptoms of PTSD are frequently not treated, because there is no sufficient method. which could be completed within the addiction treatment period? The lecture will inform about an ongoing scientific project dealing with the question, if EMDR is an intervention, which is equal or superior to common multimodal stabilizing interventions. The project is supported by the Deutsche Rentenversicherung Bund. Patients with alcohol addiction and comorbid PTSD are divided into two groups: EMDR or multimodal therapy including stabilizing methods. Prevalence of PTSD-symptoms is measured before and after intervention and one year after treatment. Up to date nearly 90 Patients with alcohol addiction and PTSD have been treated. Data indicate, that both trauma treatments are effective but that EMDR leads to a significant larger decrease in trauma symptoms. The results of the one year after treatment evaluation are presented and discussed. Educational objectives: Addiction therapy in a treatment facility can be effectively combined with trauma therapy. EMDR is an effective method in the treatment of patients with alcohol addiction and comorbid PTSD. Most patients with alcohol addiction and PTSD show multiple trauma and need a prolonged period of treatment. What's new? There are only few studies in Germany, which have investigated the effects of EMDR in a sample of alcohol addicted patients. The presented study includes a follow up evaluation one year after treatment (currently in progress), which rarely is the case in research on EMDR-effectiveness.

Keywords: Alcoholism Treatment Comorbid Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Comorbid PTSD Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

257. Ward, C. (2010, June). EMDR with children and adolescents in a family setting using a group protocol. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Our aim: We will present some EMDR family work, offer question and discussion time and the opportunity to explore the approach. We would very much like to provide an arena to discuss and share learning about EMDR with families and to agree some success criteria for working in this way. The focus of our presentation is the successful use of the EMDR group protocol with a family of 5 children. The children had witnessed domestic abuse and had been physically abused themselves. We were greatly assisted by the children's mother Lea who co-worked with us. We will include how we structured 1. I support for her to carry out this difficult role. We will describe the use of images to process the children's memories and current fears. We will cover what made the approach so successful in the children's and our opinion, including the context of the existing resources. We will describe what we learnt about co-working across different modalities in the way that we did. The workshop will have an interactive and experiential focus which we hope will capture the energy and creativity of the approach.
Learning points:
- Adapting and developing a group EMDR protocol to work with a family of 5 children.
- Co-work with a parent and a colleague from another modality.
- Using EMDR to process the legacy of domestic abuse by the children's father including processing current fears.
As co-workers we found that, using the vehicle of the EMDR group protocol has been an exciting and effective initiative. My colleague and I came from different agencies and worked together in the family's home in a collaborative way with the children, parent and each other We will include in our presentation the children's and parent's views on what worked for them and on the process as a whole.

Keywords: Adolescents Children Family Group Protocol

Accuracy Verified: Yes

258. Lovett, J. (2000, September 2). EMDR with children and parents. Presentation at 4th Interdisciplinary Symposium "Health and Quality of Life, Berlin, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This is about the application of EMDR in play therapy working with traumatized children and their parents. Joan Lovett wird in diesem Workshop die Grundlagenfuer die Anwendung von EMDR in der Arbeit mit traumatisierten Kindern und deren Eltern vermitteln.Ein weiterer Schwerpunkt wird die Anwendung von EMDR in der Spieltherapie sein.Teilnahmevoraussetzung ist eine Ausbildung in EMDR (mindestens Level I). Das erfolgreiche Buch von Dr.Lovett: "Small Wonders: Healing Childhood Trauma with EMDR" erscheint im September in deutscher Uebersetzung. Der Workshop wird in englischer Sprache durchgefuehrt, es besteht Gelegenheit zur Uebersetzung einzelner Fragen.

Keywords: Children Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

259. Tinker, R. H., & Wilson, S. A. (2007, June). EMDR with children around the world: Sixteen years later. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The present workshop will be primarily practice oriented, with the morning session focusing on Age-Related Protocols with progressively younger children (down to age one year), and the afternoon session focusing on the use of EMDR in a group format with children traumatized by war. We will present data on its effectiveness with two groups of Ethnic Albanian refugee children held in a German refugee camp. A group exercise will assist workshop participants in understanding the protocol for group administration of EMDR. Other research considerations will be presented, related to successful and unsuccessful projects with children. Also in the afternoon, we will target the more severe disorders of childhood, such as multiply-traumatized children and attachment disordered children. We will give attention to issues related to trauma-based diagnosis, the use of art with EMDR, and a treatment model featuring short interventions throughout the developmental years and how these affect developmental trajectories. Throughout the workshop, we will use videotapes to illustrate the issues that are most salient, the importance of attunement and finer points of technique

Keywords: Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

260. Morris-Smith, J. (2001, May). EMDR with children exposed to chronic abuse and domestic violence. Presentation at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, London, UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This paper aims to discuss some of the issues of working using EMDR, as a part of the integrated treatment process of children, who have been exposed to chronic abuse and domestic violence. These children are all in the care system and are living with foster parents who know very little about their previous lives. Often the professionals caring for them also have little of the child's history and many details of what they have been exposed to are not known. The children are frequently detached, dissociated and shut down from their past experiences, though their traumatised behaviours continue to blight and dominate their entire lives and present major difficulties in their daily management and future planning. Their emotional and social development appears to be arrested by their chronic multiple traumatisation. They are also kept in transitional placements for long periods of time, whilst their long-term needs are assessed. There is a struggle to identify appropriate long-term placements for such damaged children as their severe multiple traumatisation prevents them from being able to trust or begin to form new attachments or even to develop a sense of safety. There is a nee for early intervention to treat their severely traumatised symptoms and memories, to help rid them of their overwhelming terror and fears of the adult world and to free them to begin to form healthier more appropriate behaviours and attachments. How using EMDR to enable these children to develop and progress emotionally and socially towards a more positive future is described.

Keywords: Children Chronic Abuse, Domestic Violence

Accuracy Verified: Yes

261. Vogelmann-Sine, S., & Sine, L. F. (1993, Winter). EMDR with clients in recovery from chemical dependency. EMDR Network Newsletter, 3(3), 12-15.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
We have found that the treatment protocol outlined below has been very helpful in our work with clients suffering from substance abuse or dependence.

Keywords: Addictions Chemical Dependency Protocol Substance Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

262. Glenn, S. (2011, March). EMDR with deaf clients. Symposium conducted at the 9th annual Conference of the EMDR UK & Ireland, Bristol .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This presentation will outline the utilisation of EMDR with deaf clients exploring the challenges it presents for clinicians whilst exploring the potential for EMDR. Through the use of case examples this session will outline the ways in which EMDR needs to be adapted for this population Many clinicians struggle with Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) with d/Deaf clients due to some of the abstract ideas used and the heavy reliance on spoken language. Many people, both hearing and deaf find it difficult to think about thinking, and develop levels of insight into their emotions and behaviours simply by talking about them. Deaf people experience trauma and abuse at a much higher rate than hearing people, but there are few established therapies to help them. As Deaf people do not pick up all of the auditory stimuli it is likely that the trauma or difficult experiences that bring them to therapy may have been stored visually or kinaesthetically rather than linguistically. Trauma may also be caused by smaller events due to lack of information available to them. EMDR is an evidence based therapy that attempts to resolve emotional reactions to traumatic memories and their triggers. It does this through a combination of physical stimulation and the recollection and discussion of memories. As such, it seems ideally suited for use with people who are Deaf and have experienced trauma in their past. I describe how EMDR lends itself for successful use with Deaf clients and their families, giving two brief case examples where I used EMDR with Deaf children in British Sign Language.

Keywords: Children Deafness Hearing Impairment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

263. Burdova, I., Lievegoed, R., & Wijga, S. (2006, June). EMDR with mentally ill children and adults. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Istanbul, Turkey.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Fragments of a treatment different from the protocol Asking the client to choose the aspect of the abuse that is most difficult to her at the moment, accomponied by auditory stimuli. Installing the positive cognition while the tension is still 9 (SUD). [Excerpt]

Keywords: Adults Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

264. Farrell, D. (2011, March). EMDR with survivors of clergy sexual abuse. Symposium conducted at the 9th annual Conference of the EMDR UK & Ireland, Bristol.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This presentation reviews research which investigated the idiosyncratic effects of sexual abuse perpetrated by Roman Catholic Priests and makes related treatment recommendations. The research determined that this distinct form of sexual trauma generated unique posttraumatic symptoms not accounted for within the existing Posttraumatic Stress Disorder conceptual frameworks. These included significant anxiety and distress in areas such as theological belief, crisis of faith, and fears surrounding the participant’s own mortality. This presentation makes recommendations about EMDR treatment with clergy abuse survivors, based on these research findings utilising survivors stories to illustrate case formulation and the utilisation of process and content cognitive interweaves in addressing episodes of blocked processing.

Keywords: Clergy Abuse Sexual Abuse Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

265. Mosquera, D. (2012, March). EMDR with trauma and narcissism [EMDR met trauma en narcisme]. Keynote resentatie op de 6e congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Arnghem, The Nederlands.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The devaluation of self and others is a relevant issue in the field of trauma and dissociation but therapy usually focuses on a victim-abuser perspective where we tend to pay attention to victims and their symptoms, and when narcissistic features are described, they tend to be considered as characteristics of the abusive figure. From this perspective, victims are described as depressed, submissive, vulnerable and usually trapped in learned helplessness. Although this picture describes some situations related to maltreatment and abuse, it can be simplistic and minimize or overlook internalization of some abuser features by victims (e.g., the presence of perpetrator-imitator parts in DID). Narcissistic features can be a cause and consequence of traumatization and can be treated effectively with EMDR. Targeting the roots of the symptoms is crucial for an adequate case conceptualization. A core characteristic of narcissism is lack of empathy. While empathy issues can be present in many people with personality disorders, there are two personality disorders that are more related with lack of empathy, and a (sometimes only apparent) lack of concern about the suffering that they can cause in other people: narcissist and antisocial personality disorder. Both types of personalities share this self-centered profile. A description of different profiles characterized by self-centerness, selfish attitude and lack of empathy will be described in this presentation. These aspects may be present in abusers and victims, in overt or subtle presentations. To conceptualize EMDR therapy in these cases it is important to understand the pathway from early experiences to present problems. Narcissism and antisocial features can be final outcomes of a neglecting environment, chronic abuse or excessive appraisal. Different attachment disturbances with primary caregivers can lead to lack of empathy and self-centerness. In some cases, structural dissociation is underlying narcissistic or antisocial features that can characterize some dissociative parts of the personality. All these aspects and the complexity of therapeutic relationship in narcissistic and antisocial personalities will be reviewed in this presentation.

Keywords: Narcissim

Accuracy Verified: Yes

266. Friberg, M. (2004, June). EMDR with two adolescents suffering from dissociative symptoms after sexual abuse: both with considerable weight-loss during treatment. In children and EMDR (R. Oras, Chair). Symposium conducted at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, Stockholm, Sweden .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Clinical case-presentation of EMDR-treatment of a boy and a girl, sixteen and eighteen years of age respectively, both with a history of different dissociative symptoms. Both were sexually abuse and both had a considerable weight-loss during EMDR-treatment. Symptoms prior to my contact with the body was pseudo-epileptic fits with shaking, cramps, eyes turning “inside out” and sometimes turning quite blue. After he could be spoken to, he could drink and seemed oriented in time and space, but later had total amnesia of the dissociative episode that could last for several hours. He also had pain in one leg and got the diagnosis “Sympatic Dystrophia” and “Complex Regional Pain Syndrome.” Memory of the sexual abuse was completely hidden behind a screen memory of being abuse physically by a schoolmate until very late in EMDR-treatment. The girl had family relations problems, eating disturbance, suicidal behavior and intense sways in temper and server conflicts with her mother. The sexual abuse by a relative was known and the dissociation was not diagnosed before screening with DES>
Both had different kinds of somatic and/or psychological long treatment, with little success, before entering EMDR-treatment. Both had an EMDR-treatment period of almost one-year and both were given the Putnam DES-scale before, during, and eight months after treatment.
In both cases, there was decline from very high Putnam DES scores to normal. At the eight month follow-up, the boy’s results persisted and weight was regained. The girl us just about to end treatment so there are no follow-up results. However, her weight is back to normal.
Is weight loss during EMDR-treatment noticed by other EMDR-therapists?

Keywords: Children Dissociation Sexual Abuse Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

267. Gonzalez, A., & & Mosquera, D. (2012). EMDR y disociación. El enfoque progresivo [EMDR and dissociation: The progressive approach]. Madrid, Spain: Ediciones Pleyades.

Language: Spanish

Format: Book

Abstract:
Durante las últimas dos décadas, el EMDR se ha convertido en una opción de primera línea para el tratamiento de trastornos de estrés postraumático asociados a la exposición de eventos traumáticos, como accidentes, catástrofes naturales o desastres creados por el hombre. Mientras tanto, los clínicos han visto que la aplicación de EMDR es útil en el tratamiento de pacientes que han sufrido episodios emocionalmente traumáticos, descritos por ellos como característicos de su familia de origen, su historia personal y sus relaciones de apego. Un gran número de investigaciones y publicaciones han examinado en profundidad la eficacia de EMDR en este campo de trabajo de la psicoterapia. Por lo tanto, el EMDR está siendo utilizando cada vez más por los clínicos, trabajando con personas que sufren de traumas crónicos vinculados a relaciones interpersonales traumáticas. Es de sobra conocido que, en los primeros años de vida, las interacciones con los demás dan lugar a conexiones importantes en el cerebro, que progresivamente influyen en la sensación interna que tenemos de nosotros mismos y la capacidad de tener relaciones sanas con el mundo exterior. Las experiencias de relaciones con las figuras de apego durante la infancia temprana pueden ayudar a desarrollar la autorregulación emocional y contribuir a la formación de patrones cognitivos, conductuales y emocionales. La investigación sobre el apego ha demostrado que son estas relaciones las que influyen en el desarrollo de la capacidad de equilibrar las emociones, establecer intimidad interpersonal, así como de la capacidad de autorreflexión y mentalización. Además, es evidente que la comunicación interpersonal y emocional dentro de la familia de origen puede sentar las bases para el desarrollo de recursos, el sentirse valioso y la resiliencia cuando uno está bajo una fuerte tensión emocional, fomentando por tanto la salud mental.

During the past two decades, EMDR has become a first line option for the treatment of PTSD associated with exposure to traumatic events such as accidents, natural disasters or man-made disasters. Meanwhile, clinicians have found that the application of EMDR is useful in treating patients who have suffered emotionally traumatic events described by them as characteristic of their family of origin, personal history and their attachment relationships. A lot of research and publications have examined in depth the effectiveness of EMDR in this field of work of psychotherapy. Therefore, EMDR is being used increasingly by clinicians, working with people suffering from chronic trauma related to interpersonal trauma. It is well known that in the first years of life, interactions with others lead to important connections in the brain that progressively influence the internal sense of ourselves and the ability to have healthy relationships with the outside world . The experiences of relationships with attachment figures in early childhood may help develop emotional self-regulation and contribute to the formation of cognitive patterns, behavioral and emotional problems. The attachment research has shown that it is these relationships that influence the development of the ability to balance emotions, establish interpersonal intimacy and the capacity for self-reflection and awareness. It is also clear that interpersonal and emotional communication within the family of origin may lay the foundation for the development of resources, to feel valued and resilience when one is under emotional stress, thus promoting mental health.

Keywords: Dissociation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

268. Hase, M. H. (2005, June). EMDR – Reprocessing of the addiction memory. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Brussels, Belgium.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Substance abuse is always a challenge for the therapist. Substance abuse and its sequelae often mean intense suffering for the individual and huge costs for society. Established treatment modalities, as good as they are, lack effectiveness. Recent research in the field of neuroscience has shown that most experience is automatically processed on sub cortical levels, i.e. by "unconscious" interpretations that are made outside of conscious awareness. Insight and understanding have only a limited influence on the operation of these sub cortical processes. These findings are also applicable on addicted people and help to create a new approach. The concept of an addiction memory is helpful (Wolffgramm 2000: Wolffgramm 2002). It can be understood as a form of maladaptive memory and EMDR is the tool for resolution (Shapiro 2001). In this workshop an overview over theory and the practical aspects of EMDR treatment for substance abusers will be given.
Theory in combination with video demonstration will facilitate the transfer of knowledge into everyday therapy.

Keywords: Addiction

Accuracy Verified: Yes

269. 杨善真 [Yang Zhen]. (2006). EMDR（眼动身心重建法）的研究探讨 [EMDR (Eye Movement mental and physical reconstruction of Law), a detailed study]. 嘉义大学辅导咨商学系研究所 [National Chiayi University, Counseling Institute, Chiayi, Taiwan].

Language: Chinese

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
EMDR（眼動身心重建法）的研究探討
眼物质重建法（眼动脱敏和再加工）在过去10年来，作为一个新兴的心理治疗方法，并正成为越来越受欢迎，并确保特别是对创伤后应激综合征的治疗，是新兴的治疗方法，根据Greewald回想起来，一个文献研究指出，“它已被用于治疗许多人的选择”（由约翰库萨克和斯帕茨，1999年报价），因为传统的治疗心理咨询技术的使用往往需要耗费时间，对于一些不长的治疗或治疗病人的具有时间限制并不适用，而且还描述伤痛的经历，以repeat简单动作usually只会使病情恶化，最后连药物也无效，所以今天非常受欢迎并EMDR可应用于其他精神疾病，如：恐惧，疼痛疾病，性虐待的创伤，手术后感情伤害，而且由于其方法和结果仍在广泛讨论，因此对EMDR in treatment和谐促进more 。

Eye physical reconstruction method (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) for the last 10 years, emerging as a psychological treatment method, and are becoming increasingly popular, and sure, especially for the treatment of post-traumatic stress syndrome is emerging treatment techniques, according to Greewald In retrospect, a study of the literature pointed out that "it has been used as treatment for many people a choice" (a quote from Cusack & Spates, 1999), because the use of traditional healing counseling psychology techniques often require time-consuming, for some not long for treatment or for treatment of patients has its time limits do not apply, but also describing the traumatic experience to repeat simple movements usually only make the patient's condition worsened and finally even the drugs are also ineffective, so very popular today and be EMDR be applied to other mental diseases, such as: fear, pain diseases, sexual abuse trauma, post-operative emotional harm, and because of its methods and results are still being widely discussed, so the promotion of EMDR in treatment more harmony.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

270. Holm, O. (2009, November). An EMDR-based tactical and strategic integrational approach combined with IFS personality scale in survivors of severe abuse and neglect with complex trauma and comorbid cluster C personality traits. About 5 clinical cases. Presentation at the 26th annual meeting of the International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation, Washington, DC .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Cluster C Personality Traits IFS Personality Scale

Accuracy Verified: Yes

271. Rougemont-Bucking, A., & Zimmermann, E. N. (2012). EMDR-based treatment of psychotraumatic antecedents in illicit drug abusers: A report of two cases. Schweizer Archiv Für Neurologie Und Psychiatrie, 163(3), 107-115.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The co-occurrence of PTSD and of substance use disorder (SD) is known to be very high. However the question of whether and how to treat such patients remains largely unanswered in the EMDR community. We report on two cases of EMDR-based treatment of heavily affected SD patients in whom psychotraumatic antecedents were identified. EMDR sessions focused on trauma-related material and not on the expression of cue-induced drug craving. The treatment appeared to be a difficult and challenging endeavour. However, some beneficial effects on general comfort and on drug consumption could be observed. A long stabilisation phase was mandatory and the standard EMDR protocol needed to be conducted with much flexibility. Interestingly, there was no provocation of a prolonged psychological crisis or of relapse. Experiencing of emotional stress could be limited to the sessions and dissociation could be absorbed with specific well-known techniques without permanently increasing drug craving. These observations are discussed in relation to previously published concepts of using EMDR in the field of trauma and substance abuse.

Keywords: Addiction Comorbidity Dissociation Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PSTD Substance Use Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

272. de Groot, J., & de Jong, A. (2012). EMDR-behandeling van PTSS na seksueel misbruik bij een vaginistische vrouw: Een casus [EMDR treatment for PTSD of a sexually abused woman with vaginismus: A case study]. Tijdschrift voor Seksuologie, 6(3), 197-199.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Een 24 jarige vrouw is vier jaar geleden seksueel misbruikt. Sindsdien was het voor haar onmogelijk gemeenschap te hebben met haar huidige partner (secundair vaginisme). Bovendien had ze klachten die behoren bij een posttraumatische stress-stoornis, ofwel PTSS. Ze zocht hulp bij een psycholoog-seksuoloog. De behandeling nam vijf zittingen in beslag en bestond uit een aanpak gericht op de verwerking van herinneringen aan het misbruik middels EMDR. Dit leidde er uiteindelijk toe dat de PTSS-klachten verdwenen en gemeenschap weer mogelijk was. Deze casus is een voorbeeld van hoe seksueel misbruik vaginisme kan induceren en hoe in dergelijke gevallen een trauma-gerichte behandelaanpak succesvol kan zijn. A 24 year old woman was sexually assaulted four years before she was referred for therapy. She developed secondary vaginismus, and resisted penetration during intercourse with her boyfriend. She also met the criteria for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). During a total of five treatment sessions, using EMDR, the memories related to the abuse were resolved. This resulted in a marked reduction of the abuse-related compaints (PTSD symptoms), and she was able to have intercourse. This case-study, is an example of how sexual abuse can induce vaginismus and how, in such cases, a trauma-focused treatment approach can be successful.

Keywords: Case Study Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Vaginismus

Accuracy Verified: Yes

273. Eschenröder, C. T. (2003). EMDR. La nuova tecnica sul movimento guidato degli occhi che fa superare traumi, fobie e ansia [EMDR. The new technique on the guided movement of the eyes that overcomes trauma, phobias and anxiety]. Red Edizioni, collana L'altra medicin, Libreria Universitaria.

Language: Italian

Format: Book

Abstract:
Emdr è una nuova psicoterapia che mediante precisi movimenti degli occhi, guidati dalle dita del terapeuta, permette in poco tempo di superare positivamente i traumi dovuti a esperienze particolarmente dolorose: incidenti gravi, abusi, violenze. Ma il suo campo di intervento si è ora allargato fino a comprendere le fobie, gli attacchi di panico, i disturbi dell'alimentazione, le tossicodipendenze.

EMDR is a psychotherapy that new form of specific eye movements, led by the fingers of the therapist, brings us quickly to overcome the traumas caused by positive experiences particularly painful accidents, abuse, violence. But its field of action has now expanded to include phobias, panic attacks, eating disorders, drug addiction.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

274. Doner, K. (1994, September). EMDR: Miracle cure or sleight of hand? . . . Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. American Health, 13(7), 78-79.

Language: English

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
Thousands of victims of phobias, rape, childhood abuse, natural disasters, and combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder have benefited from a controversial new treatment called Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). Developed in the late 1980s by psychologist Francine Shapiro, EMDR involves having patients move their eyes back and forth, following a practitioner's fingers, while the practitioner evokes an image or feeling about a specific trauma. Shapiro speculates that the method may unlock traumatic feelings and pictures from the nervous system because the eye movements in EMDR are similar to movements that occur during REM sleep, which is when the brain processes disturbing memories. Researchers are currently trying to measure the effectiveness of EMDR, which is used by an estimated 7,000 therapists across the U.S. Some critics dismiss EMDR as pop psychology promoted by hucksters.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

275. Jones, J. (1995, June). EMDR: A candid view from the psychiatrist's couch. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
I will attempt to present an overview of the major psychiatric disorders, some medical and neurologic syndromes and general concepts on how I approach diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. Our time will include all this and put special focus on psychpharmacology. The nature and scope of this material will be mostly introductory but i will certainly be open to exploring my topic at greater depth depending the needs of the group present. The audience should be any among you who would likea way to begin organizing you approach to pharmacology and the impact that is having on your practice and the use of EMDR. Licensed clinical social workers, marriage and family counselors and psychologists should especially benefit form the discussion. You can expect to hear about major depression and its variants, bipolar disorder, panic disorder and the general anxiety disorders- some coverage of eating disorders, PTSD and adult attention deficit disorder but in less detail. I shall only touch upon schzophrenia and the psychotic disorders unless you show a special interest. The same is true for medical and neurologic diagnosis which have psychotic sequelas. I shall then to proceed to describe the differences and similarities among the antidepressants following that with a less detailed presentation of anit-anxiety agents, anti-psychotics, lithium and its siblings and a few of the "tried-and-true" substances of abuse like alcohol, stimulants, hallucinogens and narcotics. Please forgive me if I draw the line at designer drugs. This is a vast amount of information. I shall empasize general organizing concepts which will help the clinician who would like to understand some of his/her clients better, know better when to make a referral to a psychiatrist, now some of the potentials and limitations of EMDR when your clients are taking medications and/or have a major psychiatric disorder. Do not come to if you wish to set sail on a sea of psychiatric and medical details - 90 minutes just will not suffice! I will depend on you to speak up at any time with your concerns and queries (not to mention contradictions) so we can tailor the moment to the real interests of those present. I will attempt to reserve a substantial amount of time for question, answers, and observations but, if we are lucky, this will be happening throughout the ninety minutes. If we have time left I will explore the subject of "you and your psychiatrist" with both panache and hubris. We have a reputation for not being the most ingratiating of colleagues. I have a number of suggestions from a psychiatrist perspective which could make it easier to manage (sic) your psychiatrist. I hope we will be able to conclude with some high spirits and as they say here in California, a time for sharing and mutual understanding.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

276. Morris-Smith, J. (2002). EMDR: A case for pre-verbal memory?. In J. Morris-Smith, (Ed.), EMDR : Clinical applications with children, Occasional paper no. 19 (pp. 23-29) London: The Association for Child Psychology and Psychiatry.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
The use of EMDR with children aged 4 years and over who have been exposed to physical abuse, disasters and other traumatic incidents in their infancy and early childhood is beginning to reveal some interesting material. The characteristics of the play and behaviours of traumatized young children were described by Terr (1991). It is suggested that the use of EMDR as a treatment approach is indicative that long-term retention for pre-verbal traumatic events does occur for children traumatised in infancy and perhaps even in the womb. This presentation presents two cases treated by EMDR in which it appears that the children are accessing and processing experiences that occurred too early in development to be encoded with language. EMDR helps these children access and process very early traumatisation and in some cases they are then able to report on them verbally. It is hypothesized that the EMDR technique helps create a verbal narrative for the early memories, and that this allows the child to process and integrate their sensations, emotions and cognitions within a more coherent personal biography. The ability of EMDR to help a child to process and bring to resolution hitherto almost inaccessible infantile memories particularly those relating to abuse, has enormous implications for the child's ability to move on and form healthier attachments and more construction behaviour patterns. It suggests new avenues for research into infantile traumatic memories and their impact on the developing child.

Keywords: Memory Occasional Paper Pre-verbal

Accuracy Verified: Yes

277. Shapiro, F. (2008). EMDR: Desensibilización y reprocesamiento por medio de movimiento ocular [EMDR: Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing]. Santa Cruz Atoyac: Pax Mex Editorial.

Language: Spanish

Format: Book

Abstract:
En tan solo unos cuantos años, el modo EMDR se ha convertido en el tratamiento más elaborado para el desorden de estrés postraumático (entre otras perturbaciones). El método EMDR es un tratamiento legítimo y poderoso. Modelo integral y eficiente en el tratamiento de experiencias perturbadoras, el método EMDR incorpora diversos aspectos de terapias sistémicas, psicodinámicas, experienciales, conductuales y corporales. Consiste en ocho fases que comprenden el uso de movimientos oculares y otras formas de estimulación izquierda-derecha. Es eficaz para tratar el desorden de estrés postraumático y reprocesar pensamientos y recuerdos perturbadores o problemas psicológicos de sobrevivientes de traumas, de abuso sexual, de crímenes, de combate bélico, así como de fobias y desórdenes causados por experiencias vivenciales y proporciona en poco tiempo efectos clínicos profundos y estables. Con descripciones y transcripciones detalladas, la autora guía al clínico por cada etapa del tratamiento terapéutico, desde la selección de los clientes hasta la aplicación del método y su integración dentro de un plan integral de tratamiento clínico. Escrito de manera accesible, este libro es una guía invaluable tanto para los clínicos experimentados en el tratamiento EMDR como para las personas que acaban de conocer el método, y para los estudiantes avanzados de psicología clínica y psicoterapia.

In just a few years, mode EMDR has become more elaborate treatment for PTSD (among other disturbances) clutter. The methodEMDR is a legitimate and powerful treatment. Comprehensive and efficient model in the treatment of disturbing experiences, the methodEMDR incorporates aspects of systemic therapies, psychodynamic, experienciales, behavioural and body. Consists of eight phases comprising the use of eye movements and other forms of left-right stimulation. It is effective in treating post-traumatic stress disorder and re-processing thoughts and disturbing memories or psychological problems of survivors of trauma, sexual abuse, of crimes, war combat, as well as phobias and disorders caused by vivenciales experiences and provides deep and stable clinical effects in a short time. With descriptions and detailed transcripts, the author guides the clinical through every stage of therapeutic, treatment from clients to the implementation of the method and their integration within a comprehensive clinical treatment plan selection. Written in an accessible manner, this book is an invaluable guide for clinicians in the treatmentEMDR as for people just know the method and for advanced students of clinical psychology and psychotherapy.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

278. Solomon, E. P., Solomon, R. M., & Heide, K. M. (2009, October). EMDR: An evidence-based treatment for victims of trauma. Victims & Offenders, 4(4), 391 - 397. doi:10.1080/15564880903227495.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
More than half of the United States population has been affected by psychological trauma. Many individuals who survive traumatic experiences develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and related psychological problems. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is an effective treatment for such disorders. EMDR focuses on reprocessing the dysfunctionally stored memories of the traumatic experience, enabling the client to progress through appropriate stages of affect and insight to reach an adaptive resolution regarding critical issues such as personal responsibility, safety in the present, and the availability of choices in the future. This article describes EMDR, discusses studies of its effectiveness, and concludes with recommendations for trauma-related policy and practice.

Keywords: Child Abuse Crime Victims Evidence-Based Treatment Postraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Trauma Traumatic Stress

Accuracy Verified: Yes

279. Smyth, N. J., & Maccio, E. M. (2000, November). EMDR: A method to assist in substance abuse prevention & treatment?. Presentation at HOPE 2000 International Conference on HIV and Substance Abuse Prevention and Control, Mumbai, India.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The paper was a research paper on Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), a trauma treatment method, which was summarised and the implications for substance abuse prevention and treatment explored, including protocols that apply EMDR to substance abuse and to disorders among youth.

Keywords: Substance Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

280. Pacheco, J. Q. (2010, Febrero-Marzo). EMDR: Tratamiento de la fobia social [EMDR: Treatment of social phobia]. Communicacion presentada en: 11º Congreso Virtual de Psiquiatría, Trujillo, Peru, Interpsiquis 2010. Psiquiatria.com..

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Social phobia is one of the most common diseases in the general population, according to American Psychiatric Association (2000) cited by Olivares-Rodríguez (2006) (1) shows a prevalence ranges from 1% to 15.6% in Europe, being higher in women than in men (Olivares, J., 2003) (2), has its onset most frequently in middle adolescence (Olivares-Olivares and Other, 2007) (3) in these patients presenting symptoms associated with other disorders anxiety, depression and substance abuse such as alcohol or other legal and illegal drugs (Olivares, J., 2003) (2), constituting a serious public health problem or suffering ever had in your life for 9.5% of the population (Olivares, J., 2003) (2)

Social phobia is one of the most common diseases in the general population, according to American Psychiatric Association (2000) cited by Olivares-Rodríguez (2006) (1) shows a prevalence ranges from 1% to 15.6% in Europe, being higher in women than in men (Olivares, J., 2003) (2), has its onset most frequently in middle adolescence (Olivares-Olivares and Other, 2007) (3) in these patients presenting symptoms associated with other disorders anxiety, depression and substance abuse such as alcohol or other legal and illegal drugs (Olivares, J., 2003) (2), constituting a serious public health problem or suffering ever had in your life for 9.5% of the population (Olivares, J., 2003) (2)

Keywords: Social Phobia Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

281. Kellogg-Spadt, S, (2007, August). EMDR: A useful adjuvant for sexual healing. Women's Health Care, 6(8), 24-25.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The text consist of two pages of questions and answers about the utilization of EMDR as a treatment with successful outcomes.

Keywords: Psychotherapy Psychological Theory Sexual Abuse Sexual Abuse Treatment Outcomes

Accuracy Verified: Yes

282. Shapiro, F., & Forrest, M. S.. (2005). EMDR: Vernieuwende therapie tegen angst, stress en trauma [EMDR: The breakthrough therapy for overcoming anxiety, stress and trauma]. Antwerpen; Apeldoorn: Garant. 287 pp..

Language: Dutch

Format: Book

Abstract:
EMDR staat voor "Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing" en is een kortdurende, geprotocolleerde en cliëntgerichte behandelmethode om schokkende ervaringen te verwerken. Ook kan het helpen tegen angst en stress. EMDR integreert verschillende succesvolle elementen van andere therapieën in combinatie met een afleidende stimulus. Deze stimulus kan zijn: het met de ogen volgen van de handen van de therapeut, bi-laterale audiostimulatie, of bi-laterale handstimulatie. Hierdoor wordt "het informatie-verwerkings-systeem in de hersenen" gestimuleerd. Met EMDR is het niet nodig om jarenlang te praten over het verleden. Wel worden, door het stimuleren van het informatie-verwerkings-systeem, in een relatief korte tijd therapeutische doelen bereikt. Hierbij veroorzaakt EMDR herkenbare veranderingen die ook na langere tijd blijven bestaan. De volgende gebeurtenissen kunnen, bij kinderen en volwassenen, leiden tot verwerkingsproblematiek: een (auto)ongeval, brand, diagnose van een ernstige ziekte, getuige van geweld, mishandeling, misbruik, natuurramp, overval, verkrachting of aanranding, verlies van een baan, ziekte of een ziekenhuisbezoek/opname etc. De volgende soorten klachten kunnen kinderen en volwassenen hebben na een schokkende ervaring: herbelevingen van de ervaring, vermijdingsgedrag m.b.t. de ervaring, verhoogde arousal (opgewonden, overdreven alertheid), stress, schaamte of schuldgevoel, slecht humeur, depressie, zich zorgen maken, angsten, slecht zelfbeeld, paniek, slaapproblemen, relatieproblemen, onverklaarbare lichamelijke klachten etc. Voor meer informatie verwijs ik naar www.emdr.nl.

EMDR stands for Eye Movement desensitization and Reprocessing "is a short, recorded and client-centered treatment approach to shattering experience to process. It can also help reduce anxiety and stress. EMDR integrates various successful elements of other therapies in combination with a distracting stimulus. This incentive can be: with the eyes following the hands of the therapist, bi-lateral audio stimulation, or bi-lateral hand stimulation. This is the "information-processing system in the brains" encouraged. With EMDR is no need for years to talk about the past. Well, either by stimulating the information processing system in a relatively short time therapeutic goals. This caused EMDR recognizable changes even after long period of time. The following events may, in children and adults, leading to processing problems: a (car) accident, fire, diagnosis of a serious illness, witnessing violence, maltreatment, abuse, natural disaster, robbery, rape or sexual assault, job loss, illness or a hospital visit / recording etc. The following types of complaints, children and adults after a shocking experience: reliving the experience, avoidance of the Experience, increased arousal (excited, exaggerated alertness), stress, shame or guilt, bad mood, depression , worry, anxiety, low self-esteem, panic, sleep problems, relationship problems, unexplained physical complaints, etc. For more information I refer www.emdr.nl

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

283. Lindqvist, A. (2006). EMDR:n käyttö seksuaalisesti hyväksikäytettyjen lasten hoidossa [EMDR's use of sexually abused children in care]. European Society for Trauma and Dissociation. Retrieved from http://www.estd.org/fi/ARTICLES/EMDRn_kaytto_seksuaalisesti_hyvaksikaytettyjen_lasten_hoidossa.pdf on August 17/2012.

Language: Finnish

Format: Other

Keywords: Children Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

284. Tinker, R. H., & Wilson, S. A. (2003, September). EMDR: The emerging science of trauma and application to the treatment of children. Preconference presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
It is increasingly recognized that psychological trauma causes neurophyslological dysregulation in children, which then alters their developmental course. In this full-day seminar, we will present an organizational framework that clarifies how trauma-based diagnosis relates to traditional nosological systems, such as DSM-IV, and ICD-10, and how to treat these symptoms of dysregulation using EMDR. We will illustrate these concepts with videotapes of EMDR treatment sessions with children. These video seggments will cover a variety of applications with children of different ages, including single traumas, multiple traumas, complex disorders of childhood, attachment issues, dissociation, and group application of EMDR with war refugee children. Following the workshop, participants will be able to discuss and understand the above topics.

Keywords: Children War Refugees

Accuracy Verified: Yes

285. Shapiro, F. (1999). EMDR: Working with grief. Phoenix, AZ: Zeig Tucker and Co.

Language: English

Format: Video

Abstract:
Sit in on therapy with the masters! This video is part of the innovative "Brief Therapy Inside Out" series - a unique series that puts you directly in the therapy room to watch as leading therapists demonstrate their approaches in 45-minute, unrehearsed clinical sessions with real clients (not actors). EMDR founder Francine Shapiro has trained over 30,000 clinicians worldwide in her unique approach to the treatment of trauma. Known formally as Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, EMDR has been used successfully in critical incident work with victims of such tragedies as the Oklahoma City bombing, with both single-incident rape and incest survivors, with survivors of chronic abuse, even with treatment-resistant Vietnam vets. Here, Shapiro illustrates her eight-phase EMDR protocol with Angie, a recovering addict struggling with the sudden loss of her lover. While the exact neural mechanisms underlying EMDR are still not precisely understood, what is clear is that with skilled use of this potent reprocessing treatment, painful experiences that used to take months or years to treat have been resolved in as few as one to three 90-minute sessions. The videotape provides a singular introduction to this powerful approach as demonstrated by its extremely skilled founder. The clinical session is preceded by an introductory interview with series hosts Drs. Jon Carlson and Diane Kjos in which Shapiro explains basic principles underlying her approach. The video closes with a Q&A segment in which key interactions from the eight-phase treatment protocol are replayed and discussed. 95 minutes.

Keywords: Grief

Accuracy Verified: Yes

286. 市井雅哉 [Ichii Masaya]. (2008年6月). EMDR…トラウマ治療の新常識 [EMDR ... a new common sense of trauma treatment]. こころの臨床ア・ラカルト, 29(2), 163-344 [Clinical Psychology: Various Aspects], 27(2), 163-344.

Language: Japanese

Format: Journal

Abstract:
《今回の特集：EMDR…トラウマ治療の新常識》本誌でEMDR（眼球運動による脱感作と再処理法）を，「これは奇跡だろうか！」と紹介してから10年。今やPTSDのみならず，ボーダーラインや発達障害の領域でもめざましい治療効果を発揮し，心理療法のあり方そのものをダイナミックに変革しようとしています。本特集ではさまざまな疑問に答える50のQ&Aや座談会など多方面から，「奇跡を確実に，安全に起こす治療法」として，再びEMDRの魅力と可能性に迫ります。

"The topic of today: EMDR ... a new sense of trauma treatment" The publication EMDR (and re-treatment of eye movement desensitization), and "Will this be a miracle!" From 10 years to introduce. Now not only PTSD, but demonstrated a remarkable therapeutic effect and developmental disabilities borderline area, trying to transform itself into a dynamic way of psychotherapy. In this special issue is to answer 50 questions from various fields, various Q & A and roundtable discussion, "Surely a miracle cure for lead safe" as the possibility looms again appeal and EMDR.

Keywords: Autism Spectrum Children Crime Victims DESNOS Gender Identification Disorders Hypnotism Loss of Coordination Disorder Parents Phobias Sexual Abuse Victims Traumatic Bereavement Truancy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

287. Butler, A. C., Chapman, J. R., Forman, E. M., & Beck, A. T. (2006, January). The empirical status of cognitive-behavioral therapy: A review of meta-analyses. Clinical Psychology Review, 26(1), 17-31. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2005.07.003.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This review summarizes the current meta-analysis literature on treatment outcomes of CBT for a wide range of psychiatric disorders. A search of the literature resulted in a total of 16 methodologically rigorous meta-analyses. Our review focuses on effect sizes that contrast outcomes for CBT with outcomes for various control groups for each disorder, which provides an overview of the effectiveness of cognitive therapy as quantified by meta-analysis. Large effect sizes were found for CBT for unipolar depression, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, social phobia, PTSD, and childhood depressive and anxiety disorders. Effect sizes for CBT of marital distress, anger, childhood somatic disorders, and chronic pain were in the moderate range. CBT was somewhat superior to antidepressants in the treatment of adult depression. CBT was equally effective as behavior therapy in the treatment of adult depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Large uncontrolled effect sizes were found for bulimia nervosa and schizophrenia. The 16 meta-analyses we reviewed support the efficacy of CBT for many disorders. While limitations of the meta-analytic approach need to be considered in interpreting the results of this review, our findings are consistent with other review methodologies that also provide support for the efficacy CBT. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Cognitive Therapy Literature Review Meta Analysis Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Stressors Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

288. D'Anca, J. A. (1996). Employing eye movement, desensitization/reorientation (EMDR) to treat posttraumatic stress disorder: A case study. Chicago School of Professional Psychology, Chicago, IL. AAT 9701975.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
The author presents a case study of a 42- year-old white female, the victim of multiple sexual traumas resulting in PTSD. Eye Movement Desensitization/Reorientation (EMDR), a relatively new technique, is employed within the broader context of talk therapy to effect change. EMDR's therapeutic effectiveness is evaluated on a trauma-by-trauma basis through Subjective Units of Distress (SUD), pre- and post-treatment. The maintenance of sustained effected change in SUD ratings is monitored over time on a monthly basis throughout psychotherapy's duration. The patient's changes in overall level of functioning resulting from EMDR and talk therapy are evaluated through changes in MMPI and Rorschach scores. Patient progress is monitored three times through the assessment combination of these two measures: pre-, mid-, and post-treatment. This study addresses the following questions: Is Eye Movement Desensitization/Reorientation an effective technique in decreasing or eliminating symptomatology and psychopathology resulting from PTSD; and are any therapeutic benefits from its use maintained over a period of at least one year? Finally, what changes in the patient's overall level of functioning result from the combination of EMDR and talk therapy?The review of literature presents four models of PTSD: (a) the information processing model, (b) the psychological model, (c) the structural-developmental model (Fluid character pathology), and (d) the structural-developmental model (Dysregulation of impulse). These models offer a basis for conceptualizing PTSD as well as present the typical features of this pathology. The current diagnostic criteria for diagnosis as presented in DSM-IV also are included. Finally, a comprehensive review of the current literature available on Eye Movement Desensitization is presented. Results from the employ of EMDR evidence substantial reduction of PTSD symptomatology for all traumas treated. The reduction of symptomatology sustained for as long as 26 months. A summary of the case, findings, discussion of relevant information along with recommendations completes this work. [Author Abstract] Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 57(8-B), Feb 1997, pp. 5321.

Keywords: Adults Adult Child Abuse Case Study Empirical Study Females Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Survivors Treatment Effectiveness Treatment Outcome/Clinical Trial

Accuracy Verified: Yes

289. Datta, P., & Wallace, J. W. (1996, June). Enhancement of victim empathy along with reduction in anxiety and increase of positive cognition of sex offenders after treatment with EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Treatment of sex offenders who have been themselves sexually abused in their childhood, offers a significant challenge for many therapists. The traumas related to abuse are unique to the individual offender and need to be addressed to enhance victim empathy that is so crucial in breaking the cycle of offense. Treatment of a group of sexually abused adolescent sex offenders using eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) showed reduction in anxiety and increase in positive cognition. A pre- and post-treatment evaluation using the Datta Empathy Scale (DES), after an average of 3 sessions, showed a significant increase in empathy for respective victims. The DES was administered one year after the cessation of EMDR treatment and the results showed a sustaining effect of EMDR on victim empathy, anxiety and positive cognition.

Keywords: Empathy Sex Offenders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

290. Datta, P. C., & Wallace, J. W. (1996, November). Enhancement of victim empathy along with reduction in anxiety and increase of positive cognition of sex offenders after treatment with EMDR: Maintenance after three years. Presentation at the EMDR Special Interest Group at the Annual Convention of the Association for the Advancement of Behavior Therapy, New York.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Treatment of sex offenders who have been themselves sexually abused n their childhood, offers a significant challenge for many therapists. The traumas related to abuse are unique to the individual offender and need to be addressed to enhance victim empathy that is so crucial in breaking the cycle of offense. Treatment of a group of sexually abused adolescent sex offenders using eye movement desensittization and reprocessing (EMDR) showed reduction in anxiety and increase in positive cognition. A pre- and post-treatment evaluation using the Datta Empathy Scale (DES), after an average of 3 sessions, showed a significant increase in empathy for respective victims. The victim empathy (using DES), anxiety (using SUDS0, and cognition control (using VoC scale) were also measured in the available subjects one year after and three years after the cessation of EMDR treatment, the results showed a sustaining effect of EMDR on victim empathy, anxiety, and positive cognition.

Keywords: Anxiety Sex Offenders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

291. Shapiro, S. (2001). Enhancing self-belief with EMDR: Developing a sense of mastery in the early phase of treatment. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 55(4), 531-542.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Deep inside each of us is a seed that holds our vision of truth, peace, and happiness. Our early childhood attachments, societal influences, and innate capacity determine how well that seed is nurtured and the deepest inner vision is set free. This article is about the ways that vision becomes clouded by attachment deficits, trauma, and subsequent symptoms. The deep inner wish to heal allows for transformation, and approaches like Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, and hypnotherapy can assist in creating a more rapid acceleration of trauma resolution and transformation of self. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Hypnotherapy Self Efficacy Self Esteem Stressors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

292. Levin, C. (1993, July/August). The enigma of EMDR: An intriguing, new treatment method promises dramatic results. Family Therapy Networker, 17(4), 75-83.

Language: English

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
EMDR produces extraordinarily rapid results. Therapists across the country are reporting success with Vietnam veterans, incest victims and other survivors of trauma. This article describes its successful use in curing sexual problems attributed to childhood trauma.

Keywords: Case Report Diseases Males Middle Aged Professional Criticism Professional Criticism Reply Sexual Dysfunctions Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

293. Morris-Smith, J. (2011, June). The European EMDR shrinking protocol for children and adolesence: Development, theoretical considerations and clinical insights. Pre-conference presentation at the 12th European Conference on Traumatic Stress (ECOTS), Vienna, Austria.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The development of the Shrinking Protocol and its application has given rise to many interesting questions relating to the nature of trauma in childhood including whether pre-verbal trauma exists and is treatable; what constitutes a trauma in childhood; how does attachment and family dynamics affect EMDR therapy; what is dissociation in childhood and how can it be managed in EMDR therapy; what are the effects of chronic long-term traumatisation in early childhood and how soon can these be addressed. Also interesting questions have included how does it get integrated with other therapeutic modes and when to start. Further interesting discoveries have also been made when applying it to special groups, for example children with ASD and other developmental and medical conditions. EMDR therapy for children and adolescents is now being found to have very wide-ranging applications. This workshop will describe the evolution of the Shrinking Protocol which was based on the earlier work of Tinker & Wilson (1999) and demonstrate some of its different applications and uses with different conditions which will be illustrated with video clips. It also will demonstrate how EMDR therapy has led to new insights into the nature of traumatisation in childhood and suggest potential new directions for research and therapy.

Keywords: Adolescents Children Shrinking Protocol

Accuracy Verified: Yes

294. Wolff, R. P. (2004). Evaluation of effectiveness of individual therapy sessions over 60 minutes. California Institute of Integral Studies, San Francisco, CA. AAT 3158599.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Research has produced few studies that support the 50-minute therapy session as the most effective session length for achieving optimal therapeutic results. This descriptive study attempted to determine differences in therapists' perceptions of how session length might impact therapeutic process, therapeutic outcome, treatment of specific psychological disorders, and if session length preference was based on theoretical orientation or procedures/techniques. A total of 65 practicing therapists drawn from the International Society for the Study of Dissociation, EMDR International Association, Trauma Incident Reduction Practitioners, San Francisco Society of Lacanian Study, and California Psychological Network completed questionnaires regarding their perceptions about psychotherapy for individuals employing longer session lengths versus the standard 50-minute session.Overall frequencies of questionnaire responses and between groups comparisons were analyzed using Chi-Square. The sample endorsed the use of longer sessions at statistically significant frequencies on the following questionnaire items: three therapeutic outcome items: Increases client's satisfaction, Shortens overall duration of therapy, and Facilitates corrective emotional experience; and nine therapeutic process items: Access to client's emotional material, Integration of experience before leaving session, Deepens development of transference, Working through defenses, Access to traumatic experiences, Integrate traumatic experience within session, Working through traumatic experience, and Improving likelihood of breakthrough experiences. The sample also agreed on the use of longer sessions as potentially contributing to positive outcome for treatment of the following disorders: Substance Abuse, Panic Disorder, Agoraphobia, Specific Phobia, Social Phobia, PTSD, GAD, and Eating Disorders. The findings of this study suggest that longer session lengths may have a positive impact on therapeutic process, therapeutic outcome, and certain disorders. Specific implications for the field of psychology and suggestions for research are discussed. [Author Abstract]

Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 65(12-B), 2005, pp. 6680.

Keywords: Empirical Study Health Personnel Attitudes Individual Psychotherapy Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Quantitative Study Treatment Duration Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

295. Smyth, N. J. (2004, September). Evidence-based practice: Ethical and clinical issues for EMDR therapists. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Montreal, Quebec Canada.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
International and national movements toward evidence-based practice (EBP) in the treatment of health, mental health and substance abuse Problems are resulting in policy changes for therapists all over the world. This workshop will provide participants with an overview of the EBP movement and explore the ethical and clinical issues raised for EMDR practitioners.

Keywords: Clinical Issues Ethical Issues

Accuracy Verified: Yes

296. Capps, F. (2005). The EXACT method: Resolution of substance abuse-related trauma in couples counseling utilizing eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi, TX. AAT 3173700.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
This study utilized single session EMDR (Shapiro, 1995, 2002) and the Experiential Approach to Couples Treatment (EXACT method) to target substance abuse related trauma in non-dependent partners (NDPs) of former substance abusers. Chemical dependent partners (CDPs) received simultaneous experiential treatment. Treatment effects and maintenance of treatment between experimental and wait-list control groups were examined for trauma reduction, commitment to sobriety, and emotional intimacy. Correlations among intimacy, emotional quality, between and commitment to sobriety were examined. Meta-analyses informed the literature review and described the gold standards (Foa & Meadows, 1997) which were used to rate controlled research. The Emogram (Priesmeyer, Knickerbocker, Comstock, & Mudge, 2001) was used for pre-posttest comparisons. This study met the gold standards at a rating of seven (RGS = 7.0). The sample consisted of 12 couples (N = 24) drawn from adult volunteers who met screening criteria. Data was analyzed using within subjects multivariate analyses of variance with repeated measures, and Pearson product-moment correlations. Trauma-related symptoms were significantly reduced for NDPs. Commitment to sobriety was measured by anxiety and depression symptoms which were significantly reduced for chemical dependent partners (CDPs). Trauma, anxiety, and depression reductions were maintained for all participants at follow-up. Maintenance of gains in commitment to sobriety and in emotional intimacy for CDPs failed to reject the null hypotheses. Measures of Self Disclosure, Love and Affection, and Personal Validation were significantly correlated, but were not significantly correlated to Trust or to Emotional Quality. No significant relationship was found between Emotional Quality and Commitment to Sobriety or between Emotional Quality and Emotional Intimacy for CDPs. Conclusions include that a single session of the treatment was efficacious for trauma, anxiety, and depression reduction and for increased commitment to sobriety and intimacy. Treatment gains for trauma, anxiety, and depression reduction were maintained. Commitment to sobriety and emotional intimacy gains tended to be maintained but were not significant. Intimacy measures tended to be related to each other, but relationships among other measures were not significant. Recommendations include larger sample sizes, additional variables of study, and lengthening follow-ups. Comparative treatment methods are recommended. Future research should include families. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved) Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences. 66(4-A), 2005, pp. 1282.

Keywords: Counseling Couples Drug Abuse Emotional Trauma Empirical Study Quantitative Study

Accuracy Verified: Yes

297. Gezondheidsraad (2011, June). Executive summary. In Gezondheidsraad Behandeling van de gevolgen van kindermishandeling (pp. 15-20). Den Haag: Gezondheidsraad.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Compiled at the request of the Aan de staatssecretaris van Volksgezondheid, Welzijn en Sport, [The The Secretary of State for Health, Welfare and Sport] requested Gezondheidsraad [the Health Council of the Netherlands] compile this 130 page national report on child abuse. This report includes EMDR as a major tool for the treatment of abuse children. The text is in Dutch except for the "Executive Summary" which is in English. Abstract: Request for advice: Child abuse has always been with us and it takes many different forms. It is estimated that more than 100,000 children are abused in the Netherlands each year. In recent years, the government has taken strong measures to improve the prevention, detection, and reporting of child abuse. Given the lack of clarity concerning the available treatment options for juvenile and adult victims of child abuse, the Minister for Youth and Family has requested the Health Council’s advice on this matter. He asked for a summary of the current level of knowledge regarding treatment of the effects of child abuse, and an explanation of the nature of these effects. He further requested an indication of the care requirement, and recommendations on how the care for victims can be improved.

Keywords: Abuse Children Guidelines

Accuracy Verified: Yes

298. Taylor, S. (2003, October-November). Exposure therapy, EMDR and relaxation. In M. Creamer (Chair), PTSD treatment outcome predictors. Symposium conducted at the 19th annual meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, Chicago, IL .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Several psychosocial treatments appear to be effective in treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, little is known about the predictors of treatment outcome. It is possible that some variables predict poor outcome for some treatments but not for others. To investigate this issue, outcome predictors were examined for three 8-session treatments: Exposure therapy (entailing prolonged imaginal and in vivo exposure), relaxation training, and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Sixty people with PTSD entered and 45 completed treatment. To our knowledge, ours was the first EMDR study to meet all the Foa and Meadows Gold Standards for methodologically sound outcome research. Treatments did not differ in attrition or perceived credibility. Predictors of treatment outcome in PTSD: While psychological treatments for PTSD have developed considerably in recent years, large variation in individual treatment response is apparent. This symposium integrates research from the USA, Canada, and Australia to examine the impact of personal characteristics, childhood abuse history, and treatment setting as predictors of response to cognitive behavioral interventions.

PTSD treatment outcome predictors: Exposure therapy, EMDR and relaxation: Exposure tended to be most effective, and EMDR and relaxation did not differ in efficacy. Low patient ratings of treatment credibility (assessed in session 2) predicted treatment dropout, regardless of treatment type. Of the potential outcome predictors examined, severe reexperiencing symptoms (assessed prior to treatment) predicted poor outcome for relaxation training but not for the other therapies. The best predictor of treatment outcome was whether or not patients received exposure therapy.

Keywords: Exposure Therapy PSTD Outcome Predictors Relaxation Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

299. Garner, C. (2003, January 20). Expresswoman: What's the alternative? Speech therapy. The Express, Features, 37.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
EMDR involves desensitising the emotion attached to a particular issue. A typical session begins with a discussion of what is responsible for the fear. Often it comes from having being put on the spot in childhood. It may be that your father or teacher was always critical.

Keywords: General Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

300. Manfield, P. (1998). Extending EMDR: A casebook of innovative applications. New York: W. W. Norton.

Language: English

Format: Book

Abstract:
"Extending EMDR" is divided into two parts: those cases in which it was possible to target a relatively small number of distinct traumatic experiences, and those in which the client's symptoms have resulted from ongoing childhood trauma or neglect for which they are initially unable to identify representative discrete traumatic events. The cases in which clear targets were available required the therapists to identify those targets and work with a variety of resistances in order to achieve adaptive resolution. These clients could generally address their maladaptive defenses directly. Typically, their therapists relied on extensive cognitive interweave, structuring, support, and sometimes direct nurturing to make it possible for these clients to tolerate and utilize EMDR to process their targeted traumas.Where there were no distinct memories to target, the therapists needed to create innovative interventions. Their clients tended to be unable to address their maladaptive defenses directly without fragmenting or closing off. These cases required far more treatment time than those for which there were a limited number of discreet traumatic memories to target and process. Each therapist working with these clients needed to find a way to strengthen their ability to maintain internal cohesion and increase their sense of safety so that they could relinquish defenses without the threat of becoming overwhelmed and fragmented. Several of the therapists attempted to address directly the deficits that prevented their clients from recalling their past experiences, organizing them, and gaining access to specific memories and affect. [Text, pp. 9-10] [Pilots]

Keywords: Adults Americans Child Abuse Complex PTSD Defense Mechanisms Depressive Disorders Females Life Experiences Males Neglect Personality Disorders Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

301. Scroppo, F. (2001, December). Extreme stress. Chatelaine Magazine for Canadian Women, 74(12).

Language: English

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
Most of us have suffered bouts of severe stress triggered by work or family troubles. At other times, the anxiety stems from trauma such as physical abuse, a serious car accident or witnessing the World Trade Center tragedy. In the past, professionals advised people with acute stress and post-traumatic stress disorder to get long-term counselling. These days, more and more therapists are turning to a much shorter form of therapy: eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR).

Keywords: Stress

Accuracy Verified: Yes

302. Brown, S. H., Stowasser, J. E., & Shapiro, F. (2011). Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR): Mental health-substance use. In D. B. Cooper (Ed.), Intervention in Mental Health-Substance Use (pp. 165-193) United Kingdom: Radcliffe Publishing Ltd .

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Substance use disorders remain a persistent social and medical problem. According to a recent report,1 addiction is the number one health problem in the United States. The report notes that when one considers the direct costs of drug-induced health problems, deaths due to accidents, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), or drug-related acts of violent crime, there are ‘more deaths, illnesses and disabilities from substance abuse than from any other preventable health condition’.1 Most experts today agree that substance use disorders are a complex interaction between genetics, environment, and experience. ‘Substance dependence is not a failure of will or of strength of character, but a medical disorder that could affect any human being. Dependence is a chronic and relapsing disorder, often co-occurring with other physical and mental conditions’.2 The question remains - Why has it been that over the course of human history, where people and cultures have had access to alcohol and potent mind-altering substances, that only some become addicted while the rest are able to regulate their use? The drugs that people experiencing substance use disorders select are not chosen randomly, but are a result of an interaction between the psychopharmacologic action of the drug and the dominant painful feelings with which they struggle. Edward Khantzian, observed that opiates are often preferred because of their powerful numbing action on the affects of rage and aggression. Cocaine has its appeal because of its ability to relieve distress associated with depression. Although ill-fated, ‘addicts discover that the short-term effects of their drugs of choice help them cope with distressful subjective states and an external reality otherwise experienced as unmanageable or overwhelming’. Thus emerges a compelling hypothesis, which proposes that people use psychoactive substances in an attempt to control painful symptoms resulting from psychological trauma. This is referred to as ‘self-medication’. Some studies in the United States show that more than 50% of people with mental disorders also suffer from substance dependence compared to 6% of the general population.2 It is from our interest in providing integrated treatment for the complex interaction of genes, environment, trauma, and psychological pain as a driving force behind mental health-substance use disorders, that this chapter is written.

Keywords: Substance Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

303. ten Broeke, E. & de Jongh, A. (2008). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. EMDR na seksueel misbruik. [Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. EMDR following sexual abuse]. In N. Nicolai (red.), Handboek psychotherapie na seksueel misbruik. [Handbook psychotherapy following sexual abuse] (2e. herz. dr.) (pp. 183-207). Utrecht: De Tijdstroom.

Language: Dutch

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
No abstract available.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

304. Staff. (2004, July). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. Office of Substance Abuse Services, Current Tx Trends, 2(7), 1-2.

Language: English

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
Over the last decade, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprogramming (EMDR) has emerged as a well documented treatment for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). A growing body of research is exploring its application to the treatment of other pathological conditions, including substance use disorders. EMDR was developed in the late 1980s by Francine Shapiro, at the time a graduate student in English literature confronting a diagnosis of cancer. Ms. Shapiro noted that, when dealing with her own distressing memories, simultaneously focusing on eye movements appeared to decrease the associated negative emotions. She assumed that eye movements had a desensitizing effect, and upon further investigation found that others also had the same response to the technique.

Keywords: Pathological Conditions Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Substance Abuse Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

305. Fernandez, I. [2008]. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. Progetto TiAMA [Project TiAMA].

Language: Italian

Format: Other

Abstract:
EMDR è un acronimo per Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (Desensibilizzazione e Rielaborazione attraverso i Movimenti Oculari). E' un metodo clinico innovativo che ha aiutato con successo ormai più di un milione di individui reduci da eventi traumatici (abuso sessuale, violenza in famiglia, guerra, crimini) ma anche soggetti con altri disturbi psicologici (depressione, dipendenze, fobie e aspetti legati all'auto stima).

EMDR is an acronym for Eye Movement desensitization and reprocessing (desensitization and reprocessing eye movements). It 'an innovative clinical method that has already successfully helped over a million people emerging from traumatic events (sexual abuse, family violence, war crimes), but also those with other psychological disorders (depression, addictions, phobias and issues self esteem).

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

306. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). (2010, October). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. National Registry of Evidence-Based Programs and Practices, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Retrieved from http://nrepp.samhsa.gov/ViewIntervention.aspx?id=199 on 3/25/2011.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a one-on-one form of psychotherapy that is designed to reduce trauma-related stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and to improve overall mental health functioning. Treatment is provided by an EMDR therapist, who first reviews the client's history and assesses the client's readiness for EMDR. During the preparation phase, the therapist works with the client to identify a positive memory associated with feelings of safety or calm that can be used if psychological distress associated with the traumatic memory is triggered. The target traumatic memory for the treatment session is accessed with attention to image, negative belief, and body sensations. Repetitive 30-second dual-attention exercises are conducted in which the client attends to a motor task while focusing on the target traumatic memory and then on any related negative thoughts, associations, and body sensations. The most common motor task used in EMDR is side-to-side eye movements that follow the therapist's finger; however, alternating hand tapping or auditory tones delivered through headphones can be used. The exercises are repeated until the client reports no emotional distress. The EMDR therapist then asks the client to think of a preferred positive belief regarding the incident and to focus on this positive belief while continuing with the exercises. The exercises end when the client reports with confidence comfortable feelings and a positive sense of self when recalling the target trauma. The therapist and client review the client's progress and discuss scenarios or contexts that might trigger psychological distress. These triggers and positive images for appropriate future action are also targeted and processed. In addition, the therapist asks the client to keep a journal, noting any material related to the traumatic memory, and to focus on the previously identified positive safe or calm memory whenever psychological distress associated with the traumatic memory is triggered. The underlying mechanism for how this process works to reduce trauma-related stress, anxiety, and depression is unknown. Researchers have theorized that the positive effect is due to adaptive information processing, the theoretical model behind EMDR. Through adaptive information processing, the dual-attention exercises disrupt the client's stored memory of the trauma to allow for an elimination of negative beliefs, emotions, and somatic symptoms associated with the memory as it connects with more adaptive information stored in the memory networks. Once recall of the trauma no longer elicits negative beliefs, emotions, or somatic symptoms and the memory simultaneously shifts to a more adaptive set of beliefs, emotions, and somatic responses, it is stored again, overwriting the original memory of the trauma. EMDR is typically delivered in 60- to 90-minute sessions, although shorter sessions have been used successfully. The number of sessions varies with the complexity of the trauma being treated. For an isolated, single traumatic event, one to three sessions may be sufficient for treatment. However, when the trauma involves repeated traumatic events, such as combat trauma and physical, sexual, or emotional abuse, many more sessions may be needed for comprehensive treatment.

Keywords: Intervention Summary

Accuracy Verified: Yes

307. Soberman, G. B. (1998). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in the treatment of conduct disorder with preadolescents and adolescents. Walden University, Minneapolis, MN. AAT 9910218.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
The purpose of this study was determine the efficacy of Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) with traumatized adolescents primarily diagnosed with conduct disorder (CD). The effect of exposure to domestic violence and other forms of human initiated violence puts children at risk of developing significant mental health problems including CD and other childhood disorders that can have a profound effect on the community. In order to test the null hypotheses that the EMDR treatment protocol would not lead to any significant reduction in posttraumatic or behavioral symptoms with this population, a repeated measures MANOVA was utilized for four of the five dependent variables. These variables were the Impact of Event Scale (IES), the Child Report of Posttraumatic Symptoms (CROPS), the Parent Report of Posttraumatic Symptoms (PROPS), and the Problem Rating Scale (PRS). A simple two-group independent t-test analysis was used to analyze the fifth independent variable (reward points) and the 2-month follow-up data. All of the 5 null hypotheses were supported by an inferential analysis (MANOVA; t-test) of the dependent variables of this study. EMDR treatment was not found to be statistically significant on any of the dependent variables. Despite these findings, future research should continue to focus on the efficacy of EMDR with childhood trauma. Future research should also continue to focus on the emotional needs of children in residential treatment, the benefits of therapeutic as opposed to punitive intervention with delinquent youths, and the role that EMDR can play in breaking the cycle of violence in our society. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved) Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 59(10-B), April 1999, pp. 5587.

Keywords: Adolescents Conduct Disorder Emotional Trauma Empirical Study Preadolescents Symptoms Trauma Treatment Outcomes

Accuracy Verified: Yes

308. Reyes, M. A. (1999, October). The eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) program: intervention for children with posttraumatic stress disorder. Carlos Albizu University, Miami, FL. AAT 9925128.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
This dissertation examines research pertaining to the diagnosis and characteristics of childhood Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), natural disasters, and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) theory and technique in children. In addition, the effectiveness of EMDR theory and technique related to childhood PTSD is reviewed. The purpose of this study is to develop a program within a school setting suitable for children diagnosed with PTSD as a result of having witnessed, confronted, or experienced a natural disaster. The program is referred to as the EMDR Program or the Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Program. An attempt was made to be like no other programs related to children and natural disasters researched. The program's goal is to design a program that investigates the effectiveness of EMDR theory and technique related to children who have developed PTSD as a result of being exposed to a hurricane, tornado, flood, earthquake, or fire. The objectives of this program include creating a safe environment in order to help children reprocess their traumatic experiences within a short period of time utilizing EMDR with age appropriate alterations as suggested by Shapiro (1995) and Greenwald (1997). The philosophy of this program is based on an Accelerated Information Processing Model. The EMDR program established an admission criteria and a means of monitoring the progress of each child. An evaluation and budget were also proposed as a guide, were this design be implemented. Overall, it was believed that by utilizing EMDR with age appropriate alterations, the EMDR program would help children overcome their PTSD symptoms related to their traumatic experiences involving natural disasters within a short period of time. (Abstract shortened by UMI.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved) Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 60(4-B), Oct 1999, pp. 1869.

Keywords: Children Natural Disasters Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

309. Adler-Tapia, R., Settle, C., & Shapiro, F. (2012). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) psychotherapy with children who have experienced sexual abuse and trauma . In P. Goodyear-Brown, (Ed.), Handbook of child sexual abuse: Identification, assessment, and treatment (pp. 229-250). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. doi:10.1002/9781118094822.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
This book is a comprehensive guide to the identification, assessment, and treatment of child sexual abuse. The field of child sexual abuse has experienced an explosion of research, literature, and enhanced treatment methods over the last thirty years. Representing the latest refinements of thought in this field, this volume combines the most current research with a wealth of clinical experience. The contributing authors, many of whom are pioneers in their respective specialties, include researchers and clinicians, forensic interviewers and law enforcement professionals, caseworkers and victim advocates, all of whom do the work of helping children who have been sexually victimized. Offering a snapshot of the state of the field as it stands today, the authors explore a variety of issues related to child sexual abuse, from identification, assessment, and treatment methods to models for implementation and prevention, including: The impact of sexual abuse on the developing brain; The potential implications of early sexual victimization; Navigating the complexities of multidisciplinary teams; Forensic interviewing and clinical assessment; Treatment options for children who have traumagenic symptoms as a response to their sexual victimization; Treating children with sexual behavior problems and adolescents who engage in illegal sexual behavior; Secondary trauma and vicarious traumatization; and Cultural considerations and prevention efforts. Edited by a leader in the field of child therapy, this important reference equips helping professionals on the front lines in the battle against child sexual abuse- not merely with state-of-the-art knowledge, but also with a renewed vision for the importance of their role in the shaping of our culture and the healing of victimized children.

Keywords: Children Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

310. Vyas, K. J. (2008, April). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) to decrease human immunodefiency virus (HIV) risk behaviors among Latino men who have sex with men (MSM). Presentation at the National Conference on Undergraduate Research, Salisbury University, MD.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Among Latino MSM, those who have reported early childhood sexual abuse continually report high levels of HIV risk behaviors. The objective of this study was to test if EMDR can be more effective as an HIV risk reduction behavioral intervention than a non-trauma based comparison, the Explore Study intervention. At a university-based outpatient clinic, 35 Latino MSM were randomized into Explore (n=13) and EMDR (n=22). The main outcome measure was a self-report questionnaire assessing unprotected anal sex, number of sexual partners, and use of substances before or during sexual activity during the previous month. Sexual risk behaviors were assessed at baseline, before randomization, and at one week post-intervention. Compared to baseline rates, participants who didn’t report unprotected receptive anal intercourse increased by 11% in Explore and decreased by 12% in EMDR. The corresponding comparisons for number of sexual partners were a 4% increase for Explore and a 41% decrease in EMDR. Explore and EMDR participants showed an increment of 25% and 9%, respectively, in those who denied having used alcohol or drugs before or during sexual activity. Follow-up data at 2 and 6 months post-intervention are being collected. This preliminary analysis suggests that certain HIV risk behaviors can be reduced by EMDR, while others can be equally reduced by more conventional interventions.

Keywords: AIDS HIV Latino

Accuracy Verified: No

311. Shapiro, F., & Maxfield, L. (2001). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): Clinical implications of an integrated psychotherapy treatment. Directions in Clinical and Counseling Psychology, 11(6), 59-71.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Directions in Clinical and Counseling Psychology: A collection of 12 lessons, this volume covers a wide range of concerns in mental health counseling. The lessons, which may be applied toward continuing education credits, are: (1) "Perspectives on the Essentials of Clinical Supervision" (Stephen A. Anderson); (2) "Adlerian Group Psychotherapy: A Brief Therapy Approach" (Manford A. Sonstegard, James Robert Bitter, Pari Peggy Pelonis-Peneros, and William G. Nicholl); (3) "Substance Abuse Treatment for Pregnant and Parenting Women" (Rivka Greenberg, Judith Fry McComish, and Jennifer Kent-Bryant); (4) "Family Therapy for with Lesbians and Gay Men" (Maeve Malley and Fiona Tasker); (5) "Psychological and Cognitive Correlates of Coping by Patients with Multiple Sclerosis" (William W. Beatty and Brian T. Maynard); (6) "Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR): Clinical Implications of an Integrated Psychotherapy Treatment" (Francine Shapiro and Louise Maxfield); (7) "Counseling Strategies with Women Survivors of Child Sexual Abuse" (Kathleen M. Palm and Victoria M. Follete); (8) "Identifying and Treating Body Dysmorphic Disorder" (Dean McKay); (9) "Masochistic Phenomena Reconceptualized as a Response to Trauma: Recovery and Treatment" (Elizabeth Howell); (10) "Counseling Poor, Abused, and Neglected Children in Fair Society" (Brenda Geiger); (11) "Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Assessing Symptoms and Activity Levels for Treatment" (Constance W. Van der Eb and Leonard A. Jason); (12) "The Limitations of the DSM-IV as a Diagnostic Tool" (G. J. Tucker); and (Special Report) Jealousy, Communication, and Attachment Style (Laura K. Guerrero). Each lesson contains references. (ERIC ED464 291)

Keywords: Integrative Psychotherapy Approach

Accuracy Verified: Yes

312. Brenner, I. (2004). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)?. In I. Brenner (Ed.), Psychic trauma: Dynamics, symptoms, and treatment(pp. 243-302) Lanham: Jason Aronson.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract: This book is about the psychoanalytically informed understanding, recognition, and treatment of severe psychological trauma. It goes beyond the limited notion of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and addresses the issues associated with problems ranging from physical and sexual abuse to genocidal persecution.

Keywords: Genocidal Persecution Physical Abuse Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

313. Kim, D., & Choi, J. (2004, November). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing for disorder of extreme stress: A case report. Journal of the Korean Neuropsychiatric Association, 43(6), 760-763.

Language: Korean

Format: Journal

Abstract:
A chronic psychological disorder is often encountered in adult survivors of severe and repeated child abuse. We report a case of successful Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) treatment in a multiply traumatized survivor whose previous treatments with psychotropic medication and supportive psychotherapy were unsuccessful. A series of consecutive six weekly sessions of EMDR were given. The patient completed Symptom Checklist-90-Revised. Dissociative Experiences Scale. State and Trait Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory and Impact of Event Scale-Revised at four points; at two months and a week before EMDR, a week and six months after EMDR. After EMDR, the patient improved on all the measures of scales. These gains were maintained at six months after the termination of treatment. This case suggests a possible application of EMDR with for chronic difficult-to-treat post traumatic conditions.

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

314. Carpenter, M. N. (1999). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in battered women: Alleviation of post-traumatic stress disorder. California State University - Fullerton, Fullerton, CA. AAT 1394355.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
This study assessed the effectiveness of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in treating battered women. 5 battered women who received EMDR treatment experienced a significant reduction from pre to posttest (approximately 45 days) in post traumatic stress (t = 3.68, p < .05), state anxiety (t = 5.86, p < .05), trait anxiety (t = 6.14, p < .05) and depression (t = 5.60, p < .05). Battered women (N = 5) who completed the same shelter program but did not undergo EMDR treatment also showed reduced PTSD (t = 4.50, p < .05), state anxiety (t = 3.28, p < .05), and depression (t = 6.03, p < .05). The average reduction for the shelter + EMDR subjects on the four independent measures was as follows: Impact of Events: 27.8, STAI Y-1: 30.2, STAI Y-2: 21.8 and Beck: 16.8. Scores for the shelter-only subjects were reduced on all four measures but to a far lesser extent: Impact of Events: 16.8, STAI Y-1: 15, STAI Y-2: 2.6 and Beck: 8.8. Results appear to support the efficacy of both EMDR with battered women and the shelter program itself. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Anxiety Disorders Battery Depressive Disorders Females Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Shelter Residents Spouse Abuse Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

315. Reicherzer, S. (2011). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in counseling a male couple. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 5(3), 111-120. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.5.3.111.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This practice-based article discusses the use of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in counseling “Paul“ and “Eddie“ (aliases), a couple for 4 years who presented with what they identified as “communication problems.“ Through the use of psychosocial assessments of the men's personal histories, it was determined that Paul's experience of feeling controlled and Eddie's struggles to believe that he mattered in the relationship were linked to traumatic memories in each man's childhood that related to his sexual identity development. EMDR was used to target the men's traumatic memories, alternating between Paul and Eddie. Following each EMDR treatment series, the work was integrated by talking through how the reprocessed material integrated into the overall couple experience, leading to both men's increased satisfaction in the relationship.

Keywords: Couple Counseling Gay Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

316. Hase, M. (2007). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in der behandlung der substanzabhängigkeit [Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in the treatment of substance dependency. Alcohol - new strategies for an old problem]. Fachkonferenz der Deutschen Hauptstelle für Suchtfragen e.V., Mannheim .

Language: German

Format: Conference

Keywords: Addiction Alcohol Dependence Substance Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

317. Schneider, G., Nabavi, D., & Heuft, G. (2005, December). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder in a patient with comorbid epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior, 7(4), 715-718. doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2005.08.020.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Whether eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) causes reactivation of epilepsy is as yet unclear. A 34-year-old woman was treated in an inpatient multimodal psychotherapeutic setting with EMDR for PTSD resulting from sexual harassment and for a moderate depressive episode. She had been diagnosed with idiopathic generalized absence epilepsy in childhood, but had experienced no seizures under lamotrigine medication since 1999. After the second EMDR session, clinical seizures in the form of absences occurred, and were validated by electroencephalography. The seizures ceased after medication with benzodiazepines and an increase in the lamotrigine level. She underwent four more sessions of EMDR treatment successfully without further seizures. Possible triggers are discussed, especially as to whether EMDR treatment played a role in reactivating epilepsy. Further research and publications on the application of EMDR in epilepsy patients are needed.

Keywords: Adults Amputation Case Report Clinical Case Study Depressive Disorders Males Motor Traffic Accident Physical Pain Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Stressors Traffic Accident

Accuracy Verified: Yes

318. Balcom, D. (2000, December). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in the treatment of traumatized gay men. Journal of Gay and Lesbian Social Services, 12(1/2), 75-89. doi:10.1300/J041v12n01_04 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Gay men suffering from traumatic experiences can benefit from Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing treatment (EMDR). In the past decade the theory and practice of EMDR has expanded to address acute and chronic childhood and adult traumas, substance misuse or abuse, identity issues including shame and self-esteem, and health issues. Through a process of accelerated information processing, traumatic memories are desensitized and reprocessed, resulting in less distress for the client in the present and future. EMDR can also be useful for developing internal resources and for exploration of relevant themes for the client. Further attention is needed in exploring the use of EMDR for gay men traumatized by hate crimes, sexual issues resulting from traumatic experiences, and internalized homophobia. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Emotional Trauma Gay Males Homosexuality Homosexuals Males Psychotherapeutic Processes Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Stressors Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

319. Balcom, D. (2001). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in the treatment of traumatized gay men. In J. Cassese (Ed.), Gay men and childhood sexual trauma: Integrating the shattered self (pp. 75-89). Binghamton, NY: Harrington Park Press/The Haworth Press.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Describes the theory and practice of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing treatment (EMDR), presents a survey of its applications to traumatized gay male clients, and offers an illustrative case study to highlight the utility of EMDR. In the past decade the theory and practice of EMDR has expanded to address acute and chronic childhood and adult traumas, substance misuse or abuse, identity issues including shame and self-esteem, and health issues. The author suggests that gay men suffering from traumatic experiences can benefit from EMDR. It is noted that through a process of accelerated information processing, traumatic memories are desensitized and reprocessed, resulting in less distress for the client in the present and future. It is concluded that further attention is needed in exploring the use of EMDR for gay men traumatized by hate crimes, sexual issues resulting from traumatic experiences, and internalized homophobia. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Adults Emotional Trauma Gay Males Homosexuality Homosexuals Males Psychotherapeutic Processes Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Stressors Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

320. Shapiro, F., Levin, C., Dunton, R., & Goldstein, A. (1992, July). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing procedure: A rapid treatement for anxiety and related trauma. Presentation at the Fourth World Congress on Behaviour Therapy, Queesland, Australia.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) procedure has been used on thousands of victims (ages 3-74) f traumatic memories, including, combat, rape/molestation, and sexual cult abuse.

Keywords: Practice Theory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

321. Greenwald, R. (2006). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing with traumatized youth. In N. B. Webb (Ed.), Working with traumatized youth in child welfare (pp. 246-264). New York: Guilford Press. xx, 316 pp.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
This chapter provides an overview of how eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) may be used to treat trauma/loss memories and related symptoms in children and adolescents. The literature on EMDR indicates not only that it works well, but that it may be more efficient than other methods. The reasons for its effect are unclear. Several cases are presented. It is important that clinicians receive formal training to use EMDR, and that it is integrated into a comprehensive trauma-informed treatment approach. [Text, p. 246]

Keywords: Bereavement Child Abuse Children Community Violence Effects Psychotherapeutic Processes Rape Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

322. Shapiro, F. (1995). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Basic principles, protocols, and procedures, 1st Ed. New York: Guilford Press.

Language: English

Format: Book

Abstract:
This book reviews research and development; discusses theoretical constructs and possible underlying mechanisms; and presents protocols and procedures for treatment of adults and children with a range of complaints. Among the many clinical populations for whom the material is this volume is applicable are victims of sexual abuse, violence, combat, grief, and phobias.To assist the learning process, detailed descriptions and transcripts guide the clinician through every stage of therapeutic treatment, ranging from the safety issues necessary for appropriate client selection through the administration of EMDR and its integration within a comprehensive treatment plan. Only licensed mental health professionals, or those under direct supervision of licensed clinicians, should use the procedures and protocols in this book. The book has been written with four kinds of readers in mind: academicians, researchers, clinicians, and clinical graduate students. [Adapted from Text]

Keywords: Abuse Adults Assessment Child Abuse Children DID Dissociative Identity Disorder Dissociative Symptoms Incest Methodology Neurophysiology Patient Selection Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Spouse Survivors Veterans

Accuracy Verified: Yes

323. Shapiro, F. (2001). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Basic principles, protocols, and procedures, 2nd Ed. New York: Guilford Press.

Language: English

Format: Book

Abstract:
This book reviews research and development; discusses theoretical constructs and possible underlying mechanisms; and presents protocols and procedures for treatment of adults and children with a range of complaints. Among the many clinical populations for whom the material is this volume is applicable are victims of sexual abuse, violence, combat, grief, and phobias. To assist the learning process, detailed descriptions and transcripts guide the clinician through every stage of therapeutic treatment, ranging from the safety issues necessary for appropriate client selection through the administration of EMDR and its integration within a comprehensive treatment plan. Only licensed mental health professionals, or those under direct supervision of licensed clinicians, should use the procedures and protocols in this book. The book has been written with four kinds of readers in mind: academicians, researchers, clinicians, and clinical graduate students. [Adapted from Text of 1st Edition]

Keywords: Adults Assessment Child Abuse Children Dissociative Identity Disorder Dissociative Symptoms Incest Methodology Neurophysiology Patient Selection Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Spouse Abuse Survivors Veterans

Accuracy Verified: Yes

324. Edmond, T. E. (1998, August). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Evaluating its effectiveness in reducing trauma symptoms in adult female survivors of childhood sexual abuse. University of Texas at Austin. AAT 9824929.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
The purpose of the study was to evaluate, through the use of a randomized experimental design, the effectiveness of EMDR in reducing trauma symptoms in adult female survivors of childhood sexual abuse. No EMDR research to date has been exclusively comprised of adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse, a historically difficult treatment population. Additionally, while numerous clinical accounts of treatment with sexual abuse survivors have been published, controlled treatment research has rarely been done. Of the studies found that examine treatment efficacy exclusively with this population, none involved the use of random assignment.A sample of 60 adult female sexual abuse survivors were selected and randomly assigned to one of three groups: (1) individual EMDR treatment; (2) individual eclectic treatment; or (3) delayed treatment control group. The participating survivors' trauma symptoms were measured in pretests and posttests on standardized as well as subjective instruments that measured anxiety, posttraumatic stress, depression, negative beliefs about the sexual abuse, emotional distress and desired positive self beliefs. The survivors in the study assigned to the experimental or comparison treatment groups received six 90 minute individual sessions of either EMDR or eclectic therapy. The delayed treatment control group subjects were pretested, asked to delay treatment for six weeks, and after being post tested were assigned a therapist with which to work. Data analysis consisted primarily of multivariate and univariate analysis of variance. The posttest results indicated that EMDR was very effective in reducing the targeted trauma symptoms compared to the control group. Eclectic therapy at posttest was also found to be very effective, resulting in a lack of statistically significant differences between the experimental and comparison treatments. However, analysis conducted at the three month follow-up revealed that EMDR was significantly more effective than eclectic therapy at maintaining therapeutic gains. The results of this study suggest that while both EMDR and eclectic therapy, when applied as brief psychotherapy models of treatment for survivors, can produce significant alleviation of trauma symptoms, EMDR may provide more enduring resolution. These findings have important implications for both survivors and the service providers available to them. [Author Abstract] Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences. 59(2-A), Aug 1998, pp. 0617.

Keywords: Adults Child Abuse Empirical Study Females Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Survivors Treatment Effectiveness Treatment Outcome/Clinical Trial

Accuracy Verified: Yes

325. Shapiro, F., Vogelmann-Sine, S., & Sine, L. F. (1994, October-December). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Treating trauma and substance abuse. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 26(4), 379-391.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is a new psychological methodology that has been applied to a wide range of psychological disorders. Clinical reports over the past three years indicate that it is an important addition to the treatment of substance abuse. EMDR offers a structured, client-centered model that integrates key elements of intrapsychic, behavioral, cognitive, body-oriented, and interactional approaches. Treatment effects are quite rapid and, during an individual session, the therapist may witness accelerated processing of information involving a shift of cognitive structures (including the assimilation of positive beliefs) along with the desensitization of attendent traumata. The application of EMDR apparently stimulates an inherent physiological processing system that allows dysfunctional information to be adaptively resolved, resulting in increased insight and more functional behavior. The judicious use of EMDR includes a comprehensive client history and extensive preparation, allowing the client to deal with the high levels of disturbance often engendered by the treatment itself. After the inauguration of a sufficient therapeutic alliance, adequately addressing potential issues of secondary gain, and appropriate client stabilization, EMDR may be used to ameliorate the effects of earlier memories that contribute to the dysfunction, potential relapse triggers, and physical cravings. In addition, EMDR is used to incorporate new coping skills and assist in learning more adaptive behaviors. Other potential targets for reprocessing include treatment noncompliance, ambivalence about abstinence, and present crises. Finally, EMDR should be used on this clinical population only by a trained clinician who is educated and experienced with this problem area. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Drug Abuse Psychotherapeutic Processes Stressors Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

326. Edmond, T. (2000). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Evaluating its effectiveness in reducing trauma symptoms in adult female survivors of childhood sexual abuse. Presentation at the Conference of the Twelfth National Symposium on Doctoral Research in Social Work.Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Adults Child Abuse Empirical Study Females Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Rape Survivors Treatment Effectiveness Treatment Outcome/Clinical Trial

Accuracy Verified: Yes

327. Severe, N. D. (1998, July). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Treatment application to post-traumatic stress disorder in a latency-aged multi-traumatized child. California School of Professional Psychology, San Diego, CA. AAT 9820480.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
This document presents an individual case study focusing on the qualitative application of the Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) treatment to PTSD in a latency-aged multi-traumatized child. Theoretical, empirical and clinical descriptions of PTSD and EMDR are presented in order to understand childhood psychological trauma and its treatment. Further, an explanation of childhood psychic trauma is presented to distinguish between single event trauma (Type I Trauma) and multiple exposure to psychologically overwhelming events (Type II Trauma) as defined by Lenore Terr. Child abuse and specifically sexual abuse is described as an example of a Type II trauma that is closely related to the development of post-traumatic symptoms and reactions. EMDR is selected as the main cognitive behavioral treatment to help reduce PTSD symptoms in an 11-year-old male who has witnessed and experienced numerous interpersonal stressor related traumatic events.A clinical review of the child's EMDR focused treatment is summarized in a total of twenty-five sessions that follow Shapiro's EMDR 8-Step Treatment Model. Qualitative changes to the standard adult EMDR protocol made by the treating therapist are presented to illustrate how EMDR can be modified and adapted to work with latency age children. The results of the study suggest that EMDR may be a useful adjunct to an overall treatment plan aimed at ameliorating the traumatic symptoms and developmental difficulties associated with PTSD in children. The author emphasizes the need for the clinician using EMDR with children and adults to constantly target and assess the impact of present stressors and their role in the maintenance of PTSD symptomatology. [Author Abstract] Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 59(1-B), Jul 1998, pp. 0438.

Keywords: Case Report Empirical Study Male Multiple Traumatic Events Nonclinical Case Study Posttrauamtic Stress Disorder Preadolescents PTSD Survivors Treatment Effectiveness Treatment Outcome/Clinical Trial

Accuracy Verified: Yes

328. Rose, B. K. (2004). Eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR): A treatment protocol for addicted inmates with traumatic histories. Carlos Albizu University, Miami, FL. AAT 3102092.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract: S
ubstance Abuse is the use and abuse of mood and mind altering substances often having undesired effects on the lives of those addicted, and having a negative impact on the lives of others. Those addicted may expose themselves and others to physical and psychological harm; may create forensic problems; cause disintegration of the family, and problematic interpersonal relationships. Underlying reasons for addictive behavior include but are not limited to: genetic predisposition, psychosocial involvement, psychobiological complications, developmental conditions, and pre-existing psychological and environmental events. Some deficits found in those addicted include: poor coping skills, inability to problem solve, inability to function in difficult situations, and may use cognitive avoidance as a means of coping with life. The idea that children might be negatively impacted by exposure to substance abuse using parents is not a new revelation. However, the degree of damage done to these children is severe, and more is being learned about the severity of that damage. Children often are enmeshed with their dysfunctional families, and many problems arise involving their inability to maintain intimate relationships with others. Attachment issues may develop in infancy and early stages of maturation, and adversely affect children's ability to function as adults. Abusive pasts and traumatic incidents often may hinder the psychological growth and maturity of those who have experienced trauma and abuse.Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) is a fairly new concept of treatment. It was first designed to address therapy with those who had been exposed to trauma. However, over the past 22 years since its inception, it has been adapted to treat many other types of Axis I disorders. It has been determined that EMDR is useful in addressing substance abuse and other Axis I diagnoses, especially PTSD. Hiller, Knight, and Simpson completed a study with 161 persons who resided at a residential halfway house for newly released inmates. Their results found: 80% of the sample of had psychological problems; 72% had significant drug abuse problems; 58% had concurrent psychopathology and drug abuse problems. Research indicates prison confinement is increasing, and the idea of therapy in the forensic setting is gaining in popularity. Thus, the purpose of this dissertation is to design a substance abuse program to address the difficulties of substance abuse treatment for the dual diagnosed clients. The data collected from this program will help provide much needed information in order to further research and increase our understanding of the needs of this underserved population. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Comorbidity Drug Abuse Prison Inmates Psychiatric Disorders Stressors Survivors Therapeutic Community

Accuracy Verified: Yes

329. Spates, C. R., & Burnette, M. M. (1995, March). Eye movement desensitization: Three unusual cases. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 26(1), 51-55. DOI:10.1016/0005-7916(95)00001-G.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Three complex cases are presented to document further the broad applicability of eye movement desensitization (EMD) for PTSD. In the first subject this disorder was combined with panic attacks; in the second, sexual dysfunction was an additional consequence of childhood sexual abuse; and in the third the causative situation directly resulted in profound impairment of occupational and social function. In all three cases treatment produced rapid resolution of symptoms and functional recovery. [Author Summary]

Keywords: Adults Case Report Child Abuse Females Incest Males Multiple Traumatic Events Panic Disorder Police Personnel Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Sexual Dysfunctions Survivors Treatment Effectiveness Wounds

Accuracy Verified: Yes

330. Dees, L. (2006, November 2). Eye-movement therapists tackle post-traumatic stress. Portland, OR: The Forecaster.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a form of psychotherapy used to relieve the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. EMDR was developed in 1987 by American psychologist Dr. Francine Shapiro. Shapiro studied the impact of EMDR on reducing the symptoms of post-traumatic stress syndrome in Vietnam combat veterans. EMDR has since been expanded to include applications for grief, phobias, anxiety, depression, abuse, performance anxiety and addictions.

Keywords: General Molly Stanley Overview Portland Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

331. Atkinson, J. (1998, Sep). The eyes have it. Texas Monthly, 26(9), 60-68.

Language: English

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
By the time that vietnam veteran Jerry Smith (not his real name) found his way to psychologist John Black at the Veterans Administration North Texas Health Care System in Dallas in the fall of 1995, he was an absolute mess. In and out of the V.A. system since 1976 suffering from depression, anxiety, alcoholism, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), he had tried various medications and sat through hours of conventional therapy to no avail. He was an unemployable shut-in: Driving anywhere or visiting the mall—being in any crowd, in fact—made him anxious. He was tormented by sleep terrors, meaning he would wake up in the middle of the night in a cold sweat. And he was so morose that in the previous year he had checked into the V.A. center ten times, five for attempting or considering suicide. The V.A. first tackled 53-year-old Smith’s drinking problem in the center’s substance-abuse ...

Keywords: General Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

332. Stuart, J. (2003, January 8 ). The eyes have it. London, England: The Independent, Features, 8-9.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
It sounds like a quack remedy -just moving the eyes from side to side to treat emotional suffering. But it works, says Julia Stuart, for anything from childhood abuse to post-traumatic stress disorder,

Keywords: Overview General London

Accuracy Verified: Yes

333. Wesselman, D. (2010, September/October). Facilitating the journey from fear to love: Using EMDR to treat insecure and disordered attachments in children and adults. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR International Association, Minneapolis, MN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will learn to identify the anxious core beliefs of adults and children and the unspoken bonding contract developed in early childhood. Participants will discover new tools for creating more secure attachments, including resource development exercises to strengthen adults’ capacity to nurture self and others, resource development for strengthening attachments between children and parents, and parenting techniques to help facilitate attachment in children. Participants will learn to adapt EMDR to help children with Reactive Attachment Disorder effectively resolve attachment traumas and remove obstacles to love. The presenter will share research data illustrating the impact of EMDR on attachment issues.

Keywords: Adults Attachment Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

334. PR Newswire. (2001, January 1). Famed EMDR psychologist abandoned her patient in the middle of controversial treatment (EMDR) aimed at helping patient recover from significant childhood abuse. San Francsico, CA: PR News Wire, State and Regional News.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
EMDR is a treatment modality for use with adults who have been abused as children, which is purported to help them clear their trauma more rapidly and to lead full, productive lives. In using EMDR treatment, a patient is asked to hold in mind an image of the trauma, a negative self-cognition, negative emotions and related physical sensations about the trauma. While doing so, the client is instructed to move their eyes quickly and laterally back and forth for about 15-20 seconds, following the therapist's fingers or some other stimulation device. The patient then reports the images, cognitions, emotions and physical sensations that emerge. This procedure continues until "desensitization" of the troubling material is complete and positive self-cognitions have replaced the previous negative self-cognition.

Keywords: General Overview San Francisco

Accuracy Verified: No

335. Zampieri, M. A. J. (2007, Novembro). Família e co-dedependência [Family and co-dependency]. Apresentação no I Congresso Ibero-Americano de EMDR, Brasilia, Brasil .

Language: Portuguese

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Apresentação de aplicação do EMDR em terapia de casais, famílias e sistemas no tratamento em contextos que apresentem padrões de co-dependência. A autora se apóia na descrição de manifestações sistêmicas da co-dependência já publicada e demonstra como a intervenção com EMDR pode ser empregada individualmente e adaptada em grupo. Apresentam-se exemplos de casos em tratamento de abuso de substâncias na co-dependência familiar e na co-dependência sócio-institucional no acompanhamento de profissionais do Conselho Tutelar. Espera-se que ao término da atividade o participante formado em EMDR seja capaz de identificar manifestações da co-dependência, nomear tais princípios num plano de intervenção com uso do EMDR na família ou na instituição.

Submission of application of EMDR in couples therapy, family systems and the treatment in environments that present standards co-dependency. The author relies on the description systemic manifestations of codependency already published and demonstrates how the intervention EMDR can be used individually and adapted group. There are examples of cases of substance abuse treatment in family co-dependency and codependency socio-institutional follow-up professionals from the Guardianship Council. It is expected that the end of the activity the participant made in EMDR is able to identify events of co-dependency, appoint such principles in a intervention plan with the use of EMDR in the family or institution.

Keywords: Co-Dependency Family

Accuracy Verified: Yes

336. Affonso, S. D. S. (2012, Novembro). Família vítima de sequestro em cativeiro: Intervenção com EMDR e protocolo grupal integrativo como prevenção do transtorno de estresse pós-traumático [Family kidnap victim in captivity: Intervention with EMDR protocol and group integrative prevention of disorder like post-traumatic stress]. In EMDR em traumas. Apresentação no II Congresso Brasileiro de EMDR, Brasília, Brasil.

Language: Portuguese

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Introdução: Caso de sequestro familiar onde pai e dois filhos pequenos ficaram em cativeiro por 19 horas. Mãe teve que acompanhar os outros assaltantes durante toda a ação criminosa sob ameaça de morte. Objetivo: Reestruturação da dinâmica familiar pós-trauma de sequestro por meio da aplicação do EMDR, Grupal (PGI) e sistêmico familiar como recurso teórico e prático da resolução do trauma. Justificativa: Aplicação do EMDR como instrumento eficaz e mediador em situações de sequestro familiar, minimizando suas consequências. Empoderar a família para uma reorganização segura reincorporando as atividades do cotidiano e as biopsicossociais. Os componentes desta família foram vítimas de violência urbana com abusos emocionais físicos e ameaças de morte constantes. Metodologia: Foram realizado sete atendimentos. O primeiro com o Protocolo Grupal Integrativo (Suds e Voc - projeção do futuro com 03 membros da família) e o restante com o EMDR individual (CN-CP-Voc-E-S-Suds) e Sistêmico Familiar. Período de julho a novembro de 2011 em consultório particular na região de São Paulo. Conclusão: ao término dos atendimentos foi possível observar a capacidade de reorganização da dinâmica familiar com a resolução dos traumas por meio da aplicação do EMDR. Possibilitando o retorno gradativo dos filhos às atividades diárias e escolares, com o término dos pesadelos e comportamentos fisiológicos decorrentes do trauma sofrido, confirmando, assim, a potencialidade que o EMDR individual, grupal fortalecem e recuperam a reestruturação familiar pós-trauma em sequestro.

Introduction: Case of kidnapping family where father and two small children were in captivity for 19 hours. Mother had to follow the other robbers throughout the criminal action under threat of death. Objective: Restructuring family dynamics posttraumatic sequestration through the application of EMDR Group (PGI) and systemic family as a resource of theoretical and practical resolution of trauma. Rationale: Application of EMDR as an effective tool and mediator in situations of family abduction, minimizing their consequences. Empower the family to secure a reorganization reincorporating everyday activities and biopsychosocial. The components of this family were victims of urban violence with physical and emotional abuse constant death threats. Methods: We conducted seven sessions. The first Protocol to the Integrative Group (Suds and Voc - projection of the future with 03 family members) and the rest with the individual EMDR (CN-CP-You-ES-Suds) and Systemic Family. From July to November 2011 in private practice in the region of São Paulo. Conclusion: At the end of the visits was possible to observe the ability of reorganization of family dynamics with the resolution of trauma through the application of EMDR. Allowing the gradual return of the children to their daily activities and school, with the end of nightmares and physiological behaviors resulting from trauma, thereby confirming the potential that the EMDR individual, group and strengthen the family restructuring recover post-trauma in kidnapping.

Keywords: Family Restructuring Trauma Victims

Accuracy Verified: Yes

337. Vanhoeck, K., & Gykiere, K. (2010). Fantasiemanagement bij seksuele delinquenten [Fantasy management in sexual offenders]. Tijdschrift voor Seksuologie, 34, 224-235.

Language: Dutch

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Fantasy management for sex offenders Sexual fantasies of sex offenders are a complex therapeutic issue. First, there is not so much we know yet for sure about sexual fantasies. Secondly, the question is what role sexual fantasies play as a risk factor for sexual abuse. And third, therapists see themselves confronted with the difﬁcult task how to affect the sexual fantasies of their client (if they are willing to do this at all). In part 1 of this article, we brieﬂy go through the scientiﬁc knowledge about sexual fantasies of sex offenders and will primarily have to ﬁnd out that we do not know much. In part 2 we present four ethical statements as a therapeutic framework for fantasy management. Finally we describe six steps to make it practical to get started.

Keywords: Fantasy Management Sex Offenders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

338. Hendriks, L., de Kleine, R., van Rees, M., Bult, C., & van Minnen, A. (2010). Feasibility of brief intensive exposure therapy for PTSD patients with childhood sexual abuse: A brief clinical report. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 1 (5626), 1-7. doi:10.3402/ejpt.v1i0.5626, 1–7.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Despite the strong empirical support for the effectiveness of exposure-based treatments in ameliorating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), improvement of treatment is wanted given relatively high dropout rates and challenges of treating patients with high comorbidity and treatment-interfering stressors. The purpose of the current paper is to introduce an intensive exposure treatment program, illustrated by four case descriptions of PTSD patients, who suffered multiple (sexual) traumas in childhood, had high levels of comorbidity and psychosocial stressors, and failed to improve during ‘‘regular’’ trauma-focused treatment programs. The program consisted of psychoeducation, prolonged imaginal exposure, exposure in vivo, exposure by drawings combined with narrative reconstructing, and writing assignments about central trauma-related cognitions. The treatment included 5 working days with individual sessions (in total 30 h of treatment) provided by a team of four therapists. The PTSD symptoms of all patients decreased substantially and the effect sizes were large (Cohen’s d resp. 1.5 [pre-post], 2.4 [pre-FU1 month], and 2.3 [pre-FU3 months]). Also, none of the patients showed symptom worsening or dropped out. The evaluation of these four pilot cases suggests that it is possible to intensify exposure treatment, even for multiple traumatized PTSD patients with high comorbidity. We concluded that the first results of this new, intensive exposure program for PTSD patients with childhood sexual abuse are promising.

Keywords: Exposure, Intensive Treatment Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Treatment Outcome

Accuracy Verified: Yes

339. Browning, C. (1999). Flotar hacia atrás y flotar hacia delante: Técnicas para ligar el pasado, Presente y futuro [Floatback and Float Forward: Techniques for the Tie Past, Present and Future]. Presentation at EMDRIA Latinoamericana.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
El protocolo estándar de EMDR requiere enfocar los orígenes de la perturbación, los gatillos del presente y crear un patrón de conductas adecuadas para el futuro (Shapiro). Algunos pacientes, sin embargo pueden tener dificultades para conectar su problema actual con acontecimientos del pasado. Así también, otros pacientes pueden tener dificultades para crear patrones positivos para el futuro, especialmente si ensayar conductas nuevas los pone ansiosos. Para estos problemas las técnicas de "Flotar hacia atrás" y "Flotar hacia delante" desarrolladas por William Zangwill Ph. D., entrenador del Instituto EMDR, son métodos efectivos para ligar el pasado, presente y futuro en un ámbito terapéutico y proveen al terapeuta de instrumentos para abordar eficientemente ambos temas. LA TÉCNICA DE FLOTAR HACIA ATRÁS Abordar recuerdos tempranos asociados con el material perturbador es fundamental para EMDR. Shapiro dice que ayudar al paciente a encontrar un recuerdo temprano "debe ser una de las primeras opciones que debe considerar al terapeuta..." (Shapiro, 1995). La Técnica de Flotar hacia atrás es un camino eficiente y poderoso para llegar a esta meta, permitiendo al terapeuta asistir al paciente a llevar a cabo sus propias asociaciones con acontecimientos del pasado. Su uso es muy apropiado cuando el terapeuta sospecha que una perturbación que el paciente experimenta en el presente, tiene sus raíces en experiencias del pasado; especialmente cuando preguntas como "Cuál es su recuerdo más temprano en relación a lo que se siente ahora? no ha tenido éxito en ayudar al paciente a conectar con eventos del pasado. También cuando un paciente presenta un tema o experiencia recurrente, la Técnica de Flotar hacia Atrás es ideal para ayudar al paciente a identificar un target para el reprocesamiento. Muchos pacientes se ponen en contacto con los problemas actuales con relativa facilidad. Por ejemplo, una paciente que se queja que se siente abandonada cuando su marido se va de viaje de negocios, probablemente pueda recordar sus problemas actuales con facilidad. Entonces el terapeuta puede aplicar la Técnica de Flotar hacia Atrás para ayudarle a la paciente a recordar un acontecimiento del pasado con rapidez y eficiencia. Para usar la Técnica de Flotar hacia Atrás, arme el protocolo con el problema actual, utilizando los pasos que figuran en el Manual de Entrenamiento del Nivel I y del Nivel II (Shapiro, 1994) incluyendo la imagen, la cognición negativa (CN), la cognición positiva (CP), la validación de la cognición (VoC), emociones, Unidad Subjetiva de Perturbación (SUD) y sensación corporal. Sin embargo, no incide todavía el procesamiento (es decir, movimientos oculares u otra estimulación). En vez de eso, diga a su paciente: "Fíjese en la imagen de... y esas palabras (repita la imagen perturbadora del paciente y su cognición negativa), fíjese que emociones le vienen y donde las siente en el cuerpo. Ahora cierre los ojos y deje que su mente flote hacia atrás a un período anterior en su vida, no busque, simplemente deje que su mente flote a una época donde usted pensaba cosas similares... (repita las emociones que dijo el paciente) en ...(repita los lugares del cuerpo donde el paciente sintió las sensaciones). Cuando esté listo abra los ojos y dígame lo primero que le viene a la mente". Utilice esta experiencia más temprana como target, completando todos los items del protocolo: imagen, CN, CP, VoC, emociones, SUD y ubicación de las sensaciones corporales y comience a procesar con movimientos oculares u otro estímulo bilateral. Una vez que se ha procesado este material, vuelva al target original del material actual. Muy a menudo se generaliza el trabajo realizado sobre el material más temprano y ya no hace falta procesar el material actual. Es importante usar términos generales cuando se le dan al paciente las instrucciones de la Técnica de Flotar hacia Atrás, es decir, pedir un recuerdo temprano y no el más temprano. Hay varias razones que avalan esto. Primero, muchas veces es el peor recuerdo y no el primero que funciona como el mejor target para el reprocesamiento,. Además, usar términos generales es una ayuda para los pacientes más compulsivos y perfeccionistas que de otra manera estarían demasiado preocupados en no equivocarse y encontrar exactamente la primera asociación. Finalmente, la flexibilidad que permite la utilización de términos generales más que términos específicos aumenta la posibilidad de éxito del paciente de conectarse con el pasado que es la meta de esta técnica. El rasgo esencial de la Técnica de Flotar hacia Atrás es usar las preguntas del protocolo para conectar los problemas del presente con eventos del pasado. Pasar las preguntas como fueron desarrolladas por Shapiro es un potente método para ayudar a los pacientes a sintonizar con todos los aspectos de su experiencia del problema. El material perturbador se vuelve más vívido y actual para el paciente y posibilita recordar experiencias similares. Se supone, como hipótesis, que al haber desarrollado el protocolo con todas las preguntas sobre el problema actual, estimula la red neuronal de asociaciones y posibilita casi sin esfuerzo el "flotar hacia atrás" a asociaciones tempranas. Además, el vínculo paciente-terapeuta es realzado porque el terapeuta valida la experiencia del paciente (la perturbación actual) al empezar el trabajo desde el punto en el que se encuentra el paciente. Las asociaciones son del paciente, eliminando el tema de la resistencia a cualquier idea o interpretación introducida por el terapeuta. El paciente se da cuenta vivencialmente de la conexión del presente con el pasado usando la Técnica de Flotar hacia Atrás, pudiendo esquivar la evitación y otras defensas. LA TÉCNICA DE FLOTAR HACIA DELANTE Mientras que la Técnica de Flotar hacia Atrás posibilita muy a menudo que los pacientes vean y sientan la conexión entre el problema actual y los eventos pasados, la Técnica de Flotar hacia delante permite que el paciente identifique y reprocese la ansiedad anticipatoria y desarrolle patrones positivos para el futuro. Es un método que puede ser utilizado en cualquier momento del proceso terapéutico para solucionar bloqueos, renuencias y en algunos casos, resistencias o temas de beneficios secundarios o pérdidas. Es especialmente útil para trabajar con el miedo del paciente a hacer EMDR. Para ponerlo en práctica, primero pida al paciente que imagine lo peor que le puede pasar si hace "X" (por ej. probar una nueva conducta, testear una nueva habilidad, empezar una experiencia nueva). ¿Qué es lo peor que le puede pasar si hace EMDR? Que es lo peor que le puede pasar si soluciona este problema? ¿Qué es lo peor que le puede pasar si le pone límites a su jefe respecto a la cantidad de trabajo que espera que usted haga? El paciente puede necesitar ayuda para identificar la peor escena. Algunas sugerencias incluyen el miedo a perder el control de sus emociones, el miedo a perder el control de sus funciones corporales como el control de esfínteres, miedo a tener un ataque de pánico, y no poder manejar su vida emocional entre las sesiones. Una vez que el paciente ha identificado el incidente, pregunte por la peor parte de esa escena y utilícelo como el target de EMDR, armando el protocolo con las preguntas estándar, pero con una leve modificación: pregunte por la imagen que representa la peor parte del peor incidente, por ej. "Cuando usted ve una imagen de si mismo/a haciendo......, que es lo peor que puede pasar?" Después siga con el resto de las preguntas estándar, es decir, CN, CP, VoC, emociones, SUD, y ubicación de la sensación corporal. Estimule el procesamiento del paciente con movimientos oculares u otro estímulo bilateral. Si el desarrollo de la peor escena del paciente le provoca un miedo racional, puede que se tengan que tomar medidas prácticas para solucionar estas preocupaciones. Por ejemplo, usando la técnica de flotar hacia delante con un chico de 13 años que estaba en un hogar adoptivo transitorio, la peor escena evocada por él fue: "Me van a devolver al Hogar si esta adopción no resulta". Durante el procesamiento, el SUD se redujo de 8 a 3 con bastante rapidez pero de ahí no bajaba. El paciente comentó que no bajaba porque esta "peor escena" podría sucederle realmente y le había sucedido en el pasado. Paramos los movimientos oculares, charlamos un rato y elaboramos un plan para: a) una sesión con sus padres adoptivos para hablar sobre la permanencia de la adopción y b) una llamada en conferencia a su asesor legal para clarificar sus derechos y opciones. Volviendo al target después de esto, le fue posible reducir el SUD a 1 con unos pocos sets de movimientos oculares. Al utilizar la Técnica de Flotar hacia delante para reprocesar la peor escena, el paciente tiene una oportunidad para resolver la ansiedad anticipatoria. Durante la instalación de la cognición positiva, el paciente está creando patrones positivos para acciones en el futuro. Una mujer cuyo hermano fue verbalmente abusivo con ella en la infancia y en la actualidad la intimidaba, armó una "peor escena" con: "Va a ser igualmente abusivo cuando lo vea la próxima vez". La paciente había hecho mucho EMDR, reprocesando incidentes de la infancia relacionados con el abuso verbal del hermano. Sin embargo, sin un referente positivo vivencial, seguía ansiosa cada vez que interactuaba con él. Pidiéndole que "flote hacia delante" y usando EMDR sobre una de las peores escenas, alivió su ansiedad respecto a una fiesta familiar que tenía pendiente. Instalando una CP de "Ahora estoy más fuerte" le permitió crear una imagen de si misma manejando a su hermano con humor y sintiéndose segura. A aplicar las Técnicas de Flotar hacia Atrás y hacia Delante y ocuparse así del pasado, presente y futuro, el terapeuta de EMDR puede sanar mejor a su paciente. Es más, las Técnicas de Flotar hacia Atrás y hacia Delante están basadas en EMDR. Las dos incorporan las preguntas del protocolo standard y le dan al terapeuta y al paciente la oportunidad de manejarse más fluidamente con dicho protocolo.

EMDR standard protocol requires a focus of the origins of the disturbance, the triggers of this and create a pattern of behaviors appropriate to the future (Shapiro). Some patients, however, may have difficulty connecting the current problem with past events. Also, other patients may have difficulty creating positive patterns for the future, especially if you try new behaviors makes them anxious. For these problems the techniques of "float back" and "Float forward" developed by William Zangwill Ph.D., EMDR Institute trainer, are effective methods to link the past, present and future in a therapeutic area and provide the therapist tools to effectively address both issues. THE ART OF FLOATING BACK Addressing early memories associated with foreign material is essential to EMDR. Shapiro said that helping the patient to find early memory "must be one of the first options to consider when therapist ..." (Shapiro, 1995). Floating Technique back is a powerful and efficient way to reach this goal, allowing the therapist to assist the patient to carry out their own associations with past events. Its use is most appropriate when the clinician suspects that a disturbance that the patient is experiencing at present, is rooted in past experiences, especially when questions like "What is your earliest memory in relation to what you feel now? Not been successful in helping patients to connect with past events. Also when a patient has a recurrent theme or experience, the Backward Floating Technique is ideal for helping the patient to identify a target for reprocessing. Many patients come into contact with the current problems with relative ease. For example, a patient who complains that she feels abandoned when her husband goes on a business trip, you can probably recall their current problems with ease. Then the therapist can apply the technique Float Backwards to help the patient to remember a past event quickly and efficiently. To use the technique to back float, arm the protocol to the current problem, using the steps listed in the Training Manual Level I and Level II (Shapiro, 1994) including the image, negative cognition (NC) positive cognition (PC), validation of cognition (VoC), emotions, Subjective Unit of Disturbance (SUD) and bodily sensation. However, it still affects the processing (ie, eye movements or other stimulation). Instead, tell your patient: "Look at the picture ... and those words (repetition of the disturbing image of the patient and negative cognition), note that emotions come from and where you sit on the body. Now close eyes and let your mind float back to an earlier period in your life, look no further, just let your mind float to a time when you thought things like ... (repeat the emotions that said the patient) .. . (repeat parts of the body where the patient felt the sensation). When you are ready open your eyes and tell me the first thing that comes to mind. " Use this early experience as a target, completing all protocol items: image, CN, CP, VoC, emotions, SUD and location of bodily sensations and begin processing with eye movements or other bilateral stimulation. Once this material has been processed, return to the original target of the current material. Very often we generalize the work done on the earlier material and no longer have to render the current material. It is important to use general terms when the patient is given instructions Technique Float Backwards, ie a memory request early and not earlier. There are several reasons that support this. First, it is often the worst memory and not the first that works as the best target for reprocessing. In addition, using general terms is an aid for compulsive and perfectionistic patients who otherwise would be too concerned with avoiding failure and find exactly the first association. Finally, the flexibility that allows the use of general rather than specific terms increases the likelihood of success of the patient to connect with the past that is the goal of this technique. The essential feature of the technique is to use Float Backwards questions of protocol to connect the problems of the present with past events. Skip the questions and were developed by Shapiro is a powerful method to help patients to tune into all aspects of their experience of the problem. The foreign material becomes more vivid and present to the patient and possible recall similar experiences. It is assumed, arguendo, that having developed the protocol with all the questions about the current problem, the neural network encourages and facilitates partnerships almost effortlessly "float back" early associations. In addition, the patient-therapist relationship is enhanced because the therapist validates the patient's experience (current disruption) to start work from the point where the patient is. Partnerships are the patient, eliminating the issue of resistance to any idea or interpretation introduced by the therapist. The patient realizes experientially connecting the present with the past by using the technique Float Backwards, can avoid the avoidance and other defenses. THE ART OF FLOATING FORWARD While technology enables Float Backwards often patients to see and feel the connection between the current problem and past events, the forward float technique allows the patient to identify and reprocess anticipatory anxiety and develop positive patterns the future. It is a method that can be used at any time of the therapeutic process to troubleshoot crashes, reluctance and in some cases, resistance or topics of ancillary benefits or losses. It is especially useful for working with the patient's fear to do EMDR. To put this into practice, first ask the patient to imagine the worst that can happen if you "X" (eg. Try a new behavior, test a new skill, start a new experience.) What's the worst that can happen if you EMDR? That's the worst that can happen if you solve this problem? What's the worst that can happen if you put your head limits on the amount of work expected to do? The patient may need help to identify the worst scene. Some suggestions include fear of losing control of his emotions, fear of losing control of their bodily functions such as bowel and bladder control, fear of having a panic attack and can not manage their emotional life between sessions. Once the patient has identified the incident, ask for the worst part of that scene and use it as the target of EMDR, setting up the protocol with the standard questions, but with a slight modification: ask for the image that represents the worst of worst incident, eg. "When you see a picture of him / herself by ......, it's the worst that can happen?" Then follow with the rest of the standard questions, ie, CN, CP, VoC, emotions, SUD, and location of bodily sensation. Stimulate the processing of patients with eye movements or other bilateral stimulation. If the development of the patient's worst scene provokes a rational fear, you may have to take practical steps to address these concerns. For example, using the technique of floating forward with a boy of 13 who was in a temporary foster home, the worst scene evoked for him was: "I will return home if this adoption is not." During processing, the LDS was reduced from 8 to 3 fairly quickly but it does not down. The patient said he did not go down because the "worst scene" could really happen and had happened in the past. Eye movements stopped, we chatted a while and developed a plan for: a) a meeting with her adoptive parents to discuss the permanence of the adoption and b) a conference call to his legal adviser to clarify your rights and options. Returning to the target after that, it was possible to reduce the LDS-1 with a few sets of eye movements. Using Floating Technique forward to reprocess the worst scenario, the patient has an opportunity to resolve the anticipatory anxiety. During the installation of the positive cognition, the patient is creating positive patterns for future action. A woman whose brother was verbally abusive to her children and now intimidated, put together a "worst stage" with: "It will be equally unfair when I see him next time." The patient had done much EMDR reprocessing childhood incidents related to verbal abuse of his brother. However, without a positive reference experiential, still anxious every time I interacted with him. Asking him to "float forward" and using EMDR on one of the worst scenes, relieved her anxiety about a family party that was pending. Installing a CP of "I'm stronger now allowed him to create an image of herself driving her brother with humor and feeling safe. To apply the techniques to float back and forth and deal well past, present and future, the EMDR therapist can heal your patient better. Moreover, techniques to float back and forth are based on EMDR. Both incorporate the standard protocol questions and give the therapist and the patient the opportunity to be managed more smoothly with this protocol.

Keywords: Floatback Technique Float Foward Technique

Accuracy Verified: Yes

340. Nofal, S. (2008). Fobias infantiles [Childhood phobias]. In P. Solvey & R. C. Ferrazzano de Solvey (Series Eds.), Terapias de avanzada [Advanced therapies]: Vol. 1, Técnicas de Integración Cerebral, Técnicas Basadas en la Energía, Fundamentos Teóricos, Trastornos de Ansiedad [Brain integration techniques, Energy-based techniques, Fundamental theories, Anxiety disorders] (1st ed.) (pp. 289-310) Buenos Aires: TdeA Ediciones.

Language: Spanish

Format: Book Section

Keywords: Children Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

341. Nofal, S. (2008). Fobias infantiles: Su tratamiento con EMDR[Childhood phobias: Their treatment with EMDR]. In P. Solvey & R. C. Ferrazzano de Solvey (Series Eds.), Terapias de avanzada [Series on advanced therapies]: Vol. 1. (1a ed.) (pp. 289-310) Buenos Aires: TdeA Ediciones.

Language: Spanish

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
No abstract available.

Keywords: Childhood Phobias

Accuracy Verified: Yes

342. Morris-Smith, J. (2012, June). Footsteps into the future: EMDR for children and families using a neurodevelopmental perspective [Pasos hacia el futuro: EMDR para niños y familias desde una perspectiva del neurodesarrollo]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The acquisition of clinical skills in developing successful EMDR therapeutic practices is in itself a journey of discovery. Each step forward brings new clinical puzzles, challenges and insights: why are some individuals able to use the EMDR therapy more smoothly that others; what is the role of attachment; how are preverbal memories made and how do they become accessible to verbal recall with EMDR therapy; what is the developmental role of dissociation and why do some evolve into coherent, integrated individuals whilst others develop pathological dissociation? This paper presents a neurodevelopmental approach to inform our clinical practice of EMDR therapy with children, adolescents and adults. Brain development is affected by both genetic and environmental factors and included in the latter are: the family milieu, physical illness, toxins and developmental opportunities. During development the brain organizes from the bottom to the top with the lower parts of the brain developing earliest. The majority of the brain organization takes place during the first 4 years of life. Development of the brain in childhood unfolds in a series of stages with higher cortical areas entering final developmental processes much later in childhood and into early adulthood. How to integrate neurodevelopmental aspects with our EMDR clinical practice to develop healthier positive future trajectories for children, adolescents and their families is discussed. This paper will be illustrated by the use of video clips and case material.

La propia adquisición de las habilidades clínicas para desarrollar prácticas terapéuticas de EMDR de éxito es de por sí, un viaje de descubrimiento. Cada paso hacia delante nos plantea nuevos rompecabezas, retos, y conocimientos clínicos: ¿Por qué algunos individuos encuentran menos obstáculos en la aplicación de terapia con EMDR que otros?; ¿Cuál es la función del apego?; ¿Cómo se forman los recuerdos preverbales y cómo se accede a ellos mediante el recuerdo verbal con la terapia con EMDR?; ¿Qué papel desempeña la disociación en el desarrollo y por qué algunas personas se convierten en individuos coherentes e integrados mientras que otros desarrollan una disociación patológica? Esta ponencia pretende presentar un planteamiento desde el neurodesarrollo para instruir nuestra práctica clínica de terapia con EMDR con niños, adolescentes y adultos. El desarrollo cerebral se ve afectado por factores tanto genéticos como ambientales; entre éstos últimos se incluyen: el entorno familiar, las enfermedades físicas, las toxinas y las oportunidades de desarrollo. Durante el período de desarrollo, el cerebro organiza desde abajo hacia arriba, siendo las áreas inferiores del cerebros las que primero se desarrollan. La mayor parte del desarrollo cerebral ocurre durante los cuatro primeros años de vida. El desarrollo del cerebro durante la infancia sucede en una serie de etapas, entrando las áreas corticales superiores en los últimos procesos de desarrollo, mucho más tarde en la infancia y al principio de la vida adulta. Se abordan las cuestiones de cómo integrar aspectos de neurodesarrollo en nuestro trabajo clínico con EMDR para poder desarrollar trayectorias más sanas y positivas para el futuro para los niños, adolescentes y sus familias. Se emplearán grabaciones en vídeo y notas clínicas para ilustrar esta ponencia.

Keywords: Children Families Neurodevelopment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

343. Edmond, T. (2005, September). The future of evidence in EMDR. Plenary presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Seattle, WA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Evidence based practice has gained increased attention in recent years, having been advanced initially by the medical professions, encouraged by various academic institutions, increasingly required by insurance companies, and endorsed by many professional associations. Although this represents an important movement towards improving the quality of care available to clients, there are legitimate concerns about what constitutes evidence. In the past 15 years, research on EMDR has proliferated and the methodological rigor of that work has greatly improved. Yet skepticism ahout the effectiveness of EMDR remains and much is still unknown about the parameters of this innovative approach to psychotherapy. This presentation will provide a description of evidence based practice as a backdrop for examining the current state of EMDR research with recommendations for areas of research that are needed, methodological issues that should be considered, and the role of practitioners in the generation of that knowledge. Findings from a mix-methods study evaluating the effectiveness of EMDR with adult female survivors of childhood sexual abuse will be used as an example to critique the limitations of the gold standard approach to generating evidence based practice and to illustrate the importance of methodological diversity in the pursuit of knowledge about the practice of psychotherapy.

Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice Gold Standard Plenary

Accuracy Verified: Yes

344. Dellucci, H. (2012, June). The Gear Box. A structured protocol for a safe EMDR process with complex trauma [“Gearbox” (Caja de cambios): un protocolo estructurado para un proceso [terapéutico] seguro con EMDR [en pacientes] con trauma complejo]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR with people suffering from complex trauma often leads to difficulties regarding the treatment plan, but also during desensitization, reprocessing, with a risk of major destabilization, and treatment drop outs. Often, many targets, especially those coming from early childhood, are pre-‐verbal in nature and stay therefore implicit. Should we then renounce in doing EMDR with these people? Is it possible to apply EMDR safely and without getting lost, adjusting to each person, so different from another, and their life events somewhat chaotic? The gearbox, through the metaphor of a journey by car, suggests a hierarchical processing structure to navigate through therapy with people suffering from complex trauma, which allows the therapist to adapt to the client, his/her life context, knowing what to do, and why. The result is a more self-‐confident therapist, who is able to adapt to the client, being so more flexible and safe while doing EMDR. By integrating the current knowledge of EMDR for complex trauma, the gearbox is a dynamic and adaptive tool.

EMDR en personas que sufren trauma complejo a menudo conlleva dificultades respecto al plan terapéutico y también durante la desensibilización y reprocesamiento, con el riesgo de una desestabilización mayor y el abandono del tratamiento. Con frecuencia, muchos de los objetivos y, muy especialmente los que tienen su origen en la primera infancia, son preverbales y, por lo tanto, permanecen implícitos. ¿Deberíamos renunciar al uso de EMDR con estas personas? ¿Es posible aplicar EMDR de forma segura y sin perderse, adaptándose a cada persona, tan distintas unas de otras, así como a sus eventos de vida, algo caóticos? “Gearbox”, a través de una metáfora de un viaje en coche, sugiere una estructura jerárquica de procesamiento para navegar por la terapia con personas que sufre trauma complejo, lo que permite al terapeuta a adaptarse al cliente, el contexto de su vida, sabiendo qué hacer y por qué. El resultado es un terapeuta con más confianza en sí mismo, capaz de adaptarse al cliente, con mucho más flexibilidad y seguridad mientras utiliza EMDR. Al integrar los conocimientos actuales de EMDR en casos de trauma complejo, “la caja de cambios” es una herramienta dinámica y adaptativa.

Keywords: Gear Box

Accuracy Verified: Yes

345. Cairella, C. (2012, June). Getting to the heart of the matter: Using EMDR effectively with couples [Llegando al corazón del problema: El empleo efectivo de EMDR con parejas]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This presentation outlines how EMDR and Couple's Therapy can be integrated in the field of psychotherapy. The audience will learn how to conduct a couple's therapy session based on the 8 Phases of the EMDR protocol. During this presentation, video recordings will be provided to demonstrate how EMDR can be used in the couple's therapy setting when emotionally disruptive events, such as infidelity, attachment injuries or childhood trauma have negatively affected the relationship. Couples therapy examines the negative cycle that occurs within the relationship, helps to deepen the couple's awareness of both their internal experience and the experience of their partner, and to cultivate intimacy within the relationship. However, if the couple is unable to tolerate their own anxiety or the distress of their partner, their mid-brain can become emotionally charged, thus leading to further discord within the relationship. Based on the AIP model, if either one or both members of the relationship are being triggered by unresolved past traumatic events both parties can become activated. Since the initial perceptions, emotions and distorted thoughts are stored as they were experienced at the time of the event, the couple can get caught in an unending negative cycle that further exacerbates the anxiety and distress in the relationship. By integrating EMDR in Couple's Therapy we hypothesize that EMDR helps to both increase one’s ability to tolerate anxiety and decrease the intensity of past traumatic events and present day triggers, thus decreasing the level of distress in the relationship.

Esta presentación esboza cómo se puede integrar EMDR y la terapia de pareja en el campo de la psicoterapia. Los participantes aprenderán a llevar a cabo una sesión terapéutica de pareja sobre la base de las 8 fases del protocolo de EMDR. Durante esta presentación, se ofrecerán vídeos para demostrar cómo se puede utilizar EMDR en el contexto de una terapia de pareja cuando han afectado la relación de forma negativa eventos emocionalmente perturbadores, como la infidelidad, daños al apego o trauma infantil. La terapia de pareja examina el ciclo negativo que se da dentro de la relación, ayuda a profundizar la conciencia de la pareja tanto de su experiencia interna y la experiencia del otro miembro de la pareja y a cultivar la intimidad dentro de la relación. Sin embargo, si la pareja no es capaz de tolerar su propia ansiedad o el estrés de su pareja, se les puede quedar cargado el cerebro medio y así, provocar más discordia dentro de la relación. De acuerdo con el modelo AIP, si eventos traumáticos sin resolver “disparan” a un miembro de la relación o a ambos, pueden activarse ambas personas. Desde las primeras percepciones, se guardan las emociones y pensamientos distorsionados igual que se vivieron en el momento del suceso, la pareja puede acabar atrapada en un ciclo negativo sin fin que agudiza aún más la ansiedad y el estrés en la relación. Al integrar EMDR en la terapia de pareja, nuestra hipótesis es que EMDR contribuye tanto a aumentar la capacidad de la persona a tolerar la ansiedad, como a disminuir la intensidad de los sucesos traumáticos pasados y los desencadenantes actuales y así, reducir el nivel de estrés dentro de la relación.

Keywords: Couples

Accuracy Verified: Yes

346. Wesselmann, D. (2003, September). Ghosts in the nursery: Interrupting the cycle of poor parenting. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Parents' earliest experiences in childhood directly impact their attachment relationship with their own children. The presenter will identify specific negative cognitions which directly impede parent's interaction with their children. Participants will learn strategies for engaging parents in the therapy and helping parents increase their capacity to attune emotionally and to nurture. The "floatback technique" will be outlined as a method for increasing parental insight and helping parents identify past traumas related to current negative responses to their children, which can then be reprocessed through EMDR. lnstallation of a future template for more effective parenting will also be demonstrated.

Keywords: Negative Cognitions Floatback Technique Parenting

Accuracy Verified: Yes

347. Brayne, M. (2011, March). Giving evidence in court on behalf of an EMDR client. Symposium conducted at the 9th annual Conference of the EMDR UK & Ireland, Bristol .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
What’s it like to give court evidence in the UK on behalf of an EMDR client? And what can EMDR unleash in a survivor of child sexual abuse now become war reporter? In 2007, Mark Brayne became one of the very few EMDR therapists internationally to have taken the witness stand for a client, involving sexual abuse charges against a former priest at a prominent Catholic school in the UK. Mark’s client “G”, a former war correspondent, had always known he was abused as a child. But it was in EMDR, more than 20 years later, that he recalled the detail. Four years after the trial, “G” has now given permission for his story to be told. This workshop will a space to explore some of the legal challenges of working with EMDR, and also EMDR’s table-turning and at times colourfully cartoon-like impact on the narrative of dysfunctional memory networks.

Keywords: Court Evidence

Accuracy Verified: Yes

348. Connor, P. K. (2005). Guideline-based programs in the treatment of complex PTSD. Deakin University, Victoria, Australia.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
The term “post-traumatic stress disorder” (PTSD) is a relatively new diagnostic label, being formally recognized in 1980 in the Diagnostic Statistical Manual for Psychiatric Illness – Third Edition (DSM-III) of the American Psychiatric Association (APA, 1980). Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (CP) is a more recently discussed, and newly-classified, phenomenon, initially discussed in the early 1990s (Herman, 1992a). Thus, as research into effective treatments for CP is sparse, the treatment of CP is the topic of this study, in which a guideline-based treatment program developed by the researcher for the treatment of CP is implemented and evaluated. Ten individuals participated in this study, undertaking individualized, guideline-based treatment programs spanning a period of six months. In providing background information relevant to this study, an explanation is provided regarding the nature of CP, and the reasons for its consideration as a separate phenomenon to PTSD. The adequacy of the PTSD formulation in enabling effective assessment and treatment of CP is also explored, with endorsement of previous researchers’ conclusions that the CP construct is more useful than the PTSD construct for assessing and treating survivors of long-term and multiple forms of abuse. The PTSD classification is restrictive, and not necessarily appropriate for certain forms of trauma (such as prolonged trauma, or multiple forms of trauma), as such trauma experiences may lead to specific effects that lay outside those formerly associated with PTSD. Such effects include alterations in affect regulation, consciousness, self-perception, interpersonal relationships, and in systems of meaning. Following discussion regarding the PTSD/CP classification, an examination of treatment methods currently used in the treatment of PTSD, and a review of treatment outcome studies, takes place. The adequacy of primary treatment methods in treating CP symptoms is then examined, with the conclusion that a range of treatment methods could potentially be useful in the treatment of CP symptoms. Individuals with a diagnosis of CP may benefit from the adoption of an eclectic approach, drawing on different treatment options for different symptoms, and constantly evaluating client progress and re-evaluating interventions. This review of treatment approaches is followed by details of an initial study undertaken to obtain feedback from individuals who had suffered long-term/multiple trauma and who had received treatment. Participants in this initial study were asked open-ended questions regarding the treatment approach they had experienced, the most useful aspect of the treatment, the least useful aspect, and other strategies/treatment approaches that may have been useful – but which were not used. The feedback obtained from these individuals was used to inform the development of treatment guidelines for use in the main study, as were recommendations made by Chu (1998). The predominant focus of the treatment guidelines was “ego strengthening”, a term coined by Chu (1998) to describe the “initial (sometimes lengthy) period of developing fundamental skills in maintaining supportive relationships, developing self-care strategies, coping with symptomatology, improving functioning, and establishing a positive self identity” (p.75). Using a case study approach, data are then presented relating to each of the ten individuals involved in the treatment program: details of his/her trauma experience(s)and the impact of the trauma (as perceived by each individual); details of each individual’s treatment program (as planned, and as implemented); post-treatment evaluation of the positive and negative aspects of the treatment program (from the therapist’s perspective); and details of the symptoms reported by the individual post-treatment, via psychometric assessment and also during interview. Analysis and discussion of the data relating to the ten participants in the study are the focal point of this study. The evaluation of the effectiveness of each individual’s treatment has been based predominantly on qualitative data, obtained from an analysis of language (discourse analysis) used by participants to describe their symptoms pre- and post-treatment. Both blatant and subtle changes in the language used by participants to describe themselves, their behaviour, and their relationships pre- and post-treatment have provided an insight into the possible changes that occurred as a result of the treatment program. The language used by participants has been a rich source of data, one that has enabled the researcher to obtain information that could not be obtained using psychometric assessment methods. Most of the participants in this study portrayed notable changes in many of the CP symptoms, including being more stable and having improved capacity to explore their early abuse. Although no direct cause-effect relationship between the participants’ treatment program and the improvements described can be established from this study, the participants’ perception that the program assisted them with their symptoms, and reported many aspects of “ego strengthening”, is of major importance. Such self-perception of strength and empowerment is important if an individual is going to be able to deal with past trauma experiences. In fact, abreactive work may have a greater chance of succeeding if those who have experienced long-term or multiple trauma are feeling more empowered, and more stable, as were the participants in this study (post-intervention). In concluding this study, recommendations have been made in regard to the use of guideline-based treatment programs in the responsible treatment of CP. Strengths and limitations of this study have also been highlighted, and recommendations have been made regarding possibilities for future research related to CP treatment. On the whole, this study has supported strongly other research that highlights the importance of focusing on “ego strengthening” in assisting those who have suffered long-term/multiple trauma experiences. Thus, a guideline-based program focusing on assisting sufferers of long-term trauma with some, or all, of the symptoms of CP, is recommended as an important first stage of any treatment of individuals who have experienced long-term/multiple trauma, allowing them to develop the emotional and psychological strength required to deal with past traumatic events. Clinicians who are treating patients whose history depicts long-term or multiple trauma experiences (either from their childhood, or at some stage in their adult life) need, therefore, to be mindful of assessing individuals for symptoms of CP – so that they can treat these symptoms prior to engaging in any work associated directly with the past traumatic experiences. [Author abstract]
D.H.Sc.(Psych.) thesis, School of Psychology.

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapy Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

349. Courtois, C. (1997, January). Guidelines for the treatment of adults abused or possibly abused as children (with attention to issues of delayed/recovered memory). EMDRIA Newsletter, 2(3), 3-8.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
These guidelines provide practicing clinicians with information regarding psychotherapy with adults who: 1) disclose an abuse history (physical, sexual, emotional) at the beginning of therapy, 2) do not disclose abuse despite having knowledge and memory about such events in their past; 3) report new (delayed or recovered) memories of abuse during the course of therapy; and/or 4) suspect past abuse, but have no clear memories of having been abused. The most common clinical scenario involves an individual who has retained memory for past abuse, but recalls additional events or details during therapy. The less common scenario is for an individual to have totally absent any memory of abuse and to later develop highly detailed memory. Practitioners should expect a range of memory presentations and must work to neither suggest nor suppress abuse-related issues that arise in the course of therapy.

Keywords: Abuse Delayed Recovery Memory

Accuracy Verified: Yes

350. Nicolai, N. (2003). Handboek psychotherapie na seksueel misbruik [Handbook psychotherapy after sexual abuse]. Utrecht: De Tijdstroom.

Language: Dutch

Format: Book

Keywords: Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

351. Hofmann, A. (2010, June). Healing depression by treating trauma?. Keynote presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Hamburg, Germany.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Scientific studies of EMDR have shown that it is one of the most effective tools for treating posttraumatic stress disorders. One of the lesser-known properties of EMDR is that it also seems to be an effective psychotherapy method in a number of disorders, which may have part of their origins in stressful memories. One of these disorders is chronic depression.
Severe depression is one of the most common mental disorders and affects between 5-15% of the general population during their lifetimes. Although many psychotherapeutic and pharmacologic interventions exist that are considered to be effective in depression, the treatment is less than satisfactory. High relapse rates (around 50% after two years), unsatisfactory remissions and suicidal risks are among the major problems. Research shows that there may be a link between traumatic events (such as abuse experience in childhood) and the later occurrence of a depressive disorder. Research also shows that patients with a traumatic childhood history respond differently to treatment than patients without such a history do.
However, there is no published systematic study that tries to explore the potential use of trauma-specific treatments, such as EMDR, with depressive patients with a trauma history.
The presenter will report on the status of research on this subject and on a current controlled study, which is exploring the use of EMDR in depressive patients.

Keywords: Depression Keynote Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

352. Vogelmann-Sine, S. (1998). Healing hidden pain: resolving the effects of childhood abuse and neglect. In P. Manfield (Ed.), Extending EMDR: A casebook of innovative applications (1st ed.) (pp. 167-190). New York: W. W. Norton.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract: W
hen EMDR is incorporated into a treatment plan, the treatment outcome is primarily determined by the clients' willingness and ability to trust their therapists and face the painful feelings that are limiting their functioning. Each treatment plan has to be carefully designed in order to assist individuals to overcome behavior adaptations based on trauma and assist them to function more adequately in the present. I have found it most effective to educate clients about their trauma history and the adaptations they have to make and enlist them as active participants in the healing process. A collaborative relationship is necessary in order to determine whether clients are willing and able to take the risks necessary to face painful emotions and experiences in order to overcome barriers in their lives. The therapeutic journey discussed in this chapter is inspiring because it illustrates the complexity of such a healing process. "Susan's" story demonstrates that EMDR is a tool that can help clients go back in time and develop those parts of their personalities that could not emerge because of an invalidating environment. [Text, p. 169]

Keywords: Adults Americans Case Report Child Abuse Females Life Experiences Neglect Psychotherapeutic Processes Self Concept Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

353. Crenshaw, D. (2008, September-October). The healing power of play; Helping the traumatized child find safety again. Psychotherapy Networker, 32(5), 61-65.

Language: English

Format: Magazine

Abstract: W
hen children are too anxious, afraid, or traumatized to play, they can't utilize this natural resource of childhood to relieve a painful emotional state. Child therapists can help children reclaim this vital feature of emotional self-regulation by teaching, modeling, and setting the stage for the child to play.

Keywords: Children Play Therapy Psychotherapy Youth

Accuracy Verified: Yes

354. Gomez, A. M. (2012). Healing the caregiving system: Working with parents within a comprehensive EMDR treatment. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 6(3), 136-144. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.6.3.136.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This article is an excerpt from the book EMDR Therapy and Adjunct Approaches With Children: Complex Trauma, Attachment, and Dissociation. It presents an original model to work with caregivers of children with complex trauma. This model comprises 3 levels of parental involvement within a comprehensive eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) treatment: psychoeducation, self-regulation, and memory reprocessing and integration (Gomez, 2009, 2012a, 2012b). Mentalization and reflective function (Fonagy & Target, 1997), mindsight (Siegel, 1999, 2010), mind-mindedness (Meins, Fernyhough, Fradley, & Tuckey, 2002), insightfulness (Koren-Karie, Oppenheim, Dolev, Sher, & Etziom-Carasso, 2002), and metacognitive monitoring (Flavell, 1979; Main, 1991) are all constructs linked to the parent's capacity to develop infant's attachment security. However, unresolved trauma and loss appears to impair these capacities in parents. Many children wounded by caregivers lacking such competences had to endure repetitive emotional, physical, and sexual overt and covert abuse; enmeshment and intrusiveness; or on the contrary, detachment and lack of connection. When the caregivers have been the wounding agents, their inclusion and active participation in the overall treatment of their children is fundamental.

Keywords: Caregiving System Connection: Contingecy Differentiation Mentalization Regulation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

355. Herbert, C. (2004, February). Healing the inner child - EMDR imagery re-scripting technique with complex trauma clients. Presentation at the 2nd annual Conference of the EMDR UK & Ireland Association, Birmingham, UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Neuropsychological findings indicate that affect regulation is learned through secure attachment during the first year of an infant's life (Siegel, 1999; Schore, 1994, 1996). Poor affect regulation is one of the main indicators of clients diagnosed with Personality Disorders and those having experienced early life trauma, e.g. CSA or other abuse. Hence, one of the aims of a successful treatment outcome is healthy affect control. Yet, few therapeutic approaches for Personality Disorder or Complex Trauma currently focus ont the quality and re-building of such clients' early attachment relationships. Herbert (2002, 2003) describes a therapeutic framework, utilizing both EMDR and CBT (Cognitive Behavioural Therapy) technqiues for working with complex client problems, that incorporates an assessment of the quality of early attachment relationships and, based on this, various therapeutic methods, such as imaginal re-nurtuing, which aid clients to re-script and repair ruptures in clients' experiences of their early attachment relationships. Clinical practice indicates that through the use of these techniques, clients with previously poor affect control and functionally disrupted lives, can learn to build a more secure and functionally positive sense of Self with healthy mechanisms of affect regulation. a) The learning objectives for this presentation are to introduce participatns to 1. the concept of attachment and its role ind determining affect control, 2. a therapeutic framework for working with clients with complex problems, and 3, clinicial technqiues that hep repair deficits in early attachment relationships to allow cients build healthy mechanisms of affect control.

Keywords: Complex Trauma Personality Disorders Re-Scripting

Accuracy Verified: Yes

356. Adler-Tapia, R. (2013, January). Healing the origins of trauma: Eye movement desenitization and reprocessing (EMDR) psychotherapy for children exposed to violence and abuse. Presentation at the 27th Annual San Diego International Conference on Child and Family Maltreatment, San Diego, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Children, Violence

Accuracy Verified: Yes

357. Adler-Tapia, R., & Settle, C. (2009). Healing the origins of trauma: An introduction to EMDR in psychotherapy with children and adolescents. In A. Rubin & D. W. Springer (Eds.) Treatment of traumatized adults and children - Clinician's guide to evidence-based practice series (pp. 349-418). New York, NY: Wiley.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
What if the brain had a similar mechanism for healing psychological injuries as the body does, just like a finger can heal a cut? Imagine tapping into that healing process in the brain and helping a child who witnessed her brother accidentally killed by a school bus, who then developed a school phobia, be able to return to school and eliminate her depression. What if you could help a foster child with a history of severe and chronic abuse, reduce his disruptive symptoms within a 9-month period so that he could stabilize and be adopted? Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) can be used in psychotherapy to help children heal from stressful experiences of both traumatic and developmental origins. And, while EMDR is not a magic wand, it is remarkable in its efficiency in reducing or eliminating significant mental health symptoms and healing the origins of trauma. This chapter is written for clinicians who have had little or no exposure to the EMDR treatment methodology or for those who may have wondered what it is and how it works. The goal of this chapter is to summarize the use of EMDR with children with case presentations woven through the steps of the EMDR protocol. As a potential paradigm shift for child and adolescent therapists who have been trained in child development and play therapy, this chapter will not only explain why EMDR with children and adolescents makes sense, but why EMDR is the treatment of choice for many children presenting with symptoms of trauma. The experienced child therapist will also learn how child development, play therapy, and other child-focused therapies can be integrated to overall case conceptualization with the eight phases of the EMDR protocol. Initially, this chapter provides a brief description of EMDR. While Chapter 5 covered EMDR with adult clients, this chapter will focus on translating the EMDR protocol into child language from a developmentally grounded perspective for use with child clients. Given that focus, this chapter will minimize coverage of generic EMDR content that was already covered in Chapter 5. However, some overlap is inescapable. For example, like Chapter 5, this chapter will address the Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) theory that underlies the eight phases of the EMDR treatment protocol. This chapter also includes a brief theoretical overview of trauma and the impact on neurodevelopment as it guides psychotherapy. With a detailed explanation of the description, purpose, and concepts of each phase of the EMDR protocol, this chapter describes the clinical implications and procedural considerations for effectively using EMDR with children through each phase of the protocol. The chapter concludes with information for clinicians to learn how to get basic training in EMDR and advanced training in using EMDR with children. Integrated throughout this chapter are practical applications for successfully using EMDR in psychotherapy with children in order to heal the origins of trauma. With this introduction to EMDR, the reader should note that throughout this chapter, the terms client and child are often interchanged, and any reference to a child includes children and adolescents unless otherwise noted. Finally, the terms parent and caregiver refer to the child's primary caregiver. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Adolescents Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

358. Maltz, W. (1995, June). Healing the sexual problems caused by sexual abuse. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Sexual abuse is abuse to a person's sexuality. It can seriously harm the development of healthy sexual attitudes, self-concept, and behavior. In particular, survivors are often troubled by a variety of sexual problems, such as, fear and avoidance of sex, approaching sex as an obligation, automatic negative reactions to touch, difficulty becoming aroused or feeling sensation, emotional detachment during sex, disturbing sexual thoughts and fantasies, compulsive sexual behaviors, difficulty with intimate partners, and sexual functioning concerns. EMDR is a technique which can effect significant changes in cognition, sensation, and emotional experience. It can be a powerful tool to help survivors reprocess traumatic material blocking healthy sexual experience. But because sex is often an extremely loaded issue for survivors, and EMDR is seen as technique in which the therapist "does something" to the client, precautions must be taken to avoid negative, retraumatizing reactions and increase positive results. Due to the high potential for negative transference in sex therapy with survivors, the therapist must present the EMDR technique in a style which values client safety and empowerment. This can involve associating the techque with safe images and prior positive experiences, developing relaxation and containment skills, and modifying the physical aspects associated with the technique. There are a variety of sexual concerns which respond well to EMDR intervention. EMDR can be used to help replace old negative messages about sex with new messages which view sex as based on consent, equality, respect and safety. Sexual self-concept can be improved as survivors undo irrational belief systems which blame their sexuality and/or sexual parts for having caused the abuse. EMDR can help introduce new experiences of self-forgiveness and self-acceptance. EMDR can also help desensitize particular objects, sexual settings, types of touch, and associations to the intimate partner which trigger negative reactions. Therapists who focus on sexual healing need to be familiar with a variety of sexual healing techniques. These include the sexual response cycle exercise, relearning touch exercises, techniques for healing unwanted sexual fantasies, and techniques for improving sexual functioning. Therapists can use EMDR to help survivors work through blocks and impasses encountered with the techniques.

Keywords: Sexual Abuse Sexual Issues

Accuracy Verified: Yes

359. Laliotis, D. (2009). Healing the wounds of attachment: An EMDR relational approach. In A. Bloomgarden & R. B. Mennuti (Eds). (2009). Psychotherapist revealed: Therapists speak about self-disclosure in psychotherapy. (pp. 151-162). New York, NY, US: Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group. xviii, 324 pp..

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
In this chapter the author describes the use of self-disclosure during eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) psychotherapy with a patient, Melina, who had a poor sense of self and a fear of abandonment. As an EMDR therapist with a psychodynamic, object relations background, the author describes how she explores with Melina how her early experiences as a child informed how she felt about herself as a person and how she relates to family and friends as well as her intimates. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Attachment Early Childhood Experiences Psychotherapy Relational Approach Self-Disclosure

Accuracy Verified: Yes

360. Herbert, C. (2003, May). Healing the “inner child” – EMDR imagery rescripting techniques with complex trauma clients. In Attachment and complex trauma. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Rome, Italy.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
EMDR-based imagery re-scripting techniques with a modified concept of Cognitive Schema Modes (Young, 1999). Based on clinical case examples, the use of imagery techniques, which draw on all sensory modalities (involving cognitive, emotional and somatic systems) during the auditory application of EMDR will be described, to help complex trauma clients firstly approach and recognize and subsequently attach to and nurture the image of their own “inner child”. Rather than establishing a sense of unrealistic dependency on the therapist by integrating him or her as the sole nurturer, clients are encouraged to develop an image of their own ‘healthy adult’, who can learn to take on the role of internal re-nurturing, protection and healing of the ‘inner child’. Techniques for overcoming blockages between a client’s ‘healthy adult’ and their ‘inner child’ representations are described. It is proposed that differentiating between ‘child’ and ‘adult’ modes and tuning into these through deep-level EMDR processing, allows clients to re-connect to feelings associated with their earlier experiences of helplessness and dependency during childhood, which can now be re-experienced within a safe and nurturing context. It is suggested that this will allow higher order brain systems, such as the hippocampus, to remain active and therefore enable cognitive and structural re-organization of the stored material in the brain and body cells. Once a positive attachment bond between a client’s internalised ‘inner child’ and ‘healthy adult’ modes has been achieved this can then be utilized further during direct trauma processing work. It is argued that healing of the ‘inner child’ enables healing of the adult client so that a more positive and secure sense of self can be achieved.

Keywords: Attachment Theory Complex PTSD Imagery Inner Child Rescripting Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

361. Rogers, M. (2001, January 24). Healing through the windows of the soul. Sante Fe, NM: The Sante Fe New Mexican, E-3.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
The therapy technique, called eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing, is an innovative method of therapy for anyone who has experienced a trauma of any kind, Stark said. EMDR can be used to treat victims of sexual abuse, domestic violence, criminal violence, combat and natural disasters. It has even been used to treat people with personality disorders, such as schizophrenia.

Keywords: General Overview Sante Fe

Accuracy Verified: Yes

362. Bayliss, S. (2010, April). Healing trauma with eye movement integration - with reference to victims of controlling and abusive relationships. Presentation at the 2nd Bi-Annual International European Society for Trauma and Dissociation Conference, Belfast, Northern Ireland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Abuse Relationships

Accuracy Verified: Yes

363. Solomon, M. F., & Siegel, D. J. (2003). Healing trauma: Attachment, mind, body, and brain. New York: W. W. Norton.

Language: English

Format: Book

Abstract:
This book examines the following crucial issues: (1) how life experiences influence the maturation of the brain and mind in achieving mental health; (2) the central role of emotion in the functioning of healthy minds, brains, and relationships; (3) the importance of the body in influencing the nature of the mind and subjective experience; and (4) the impact of both positive and traumatic experiences on the development of coherent functioning, interpersonal relatedness, and the emergence of mental disturbance. [Text, p. xiv]TOPICS TREATED: An interpersonal neurobiology of psychotherapy: the developing mind and the resolution of trauma; Unresolved states regarding loss or abuse can have "second-generation" effects: disorganization, role inversion, and frightening ideation in the offspring of traumatized, non-maltreating parents; Early relational trauma, disorganized attachment, and the development of a predisposition to violence; PTSD and the nature of trauma; EMDR and information processing in psychotherapy treatment: personal development and global implications; Dyadic regulation and experiential work with emotion and relatedness in trauma and disorganized attachment; A clinical model for the comprehensive treatment of trauma using an affect experiencing-attachment theory approach; Connection, disruption, repair: treating the effects of attachment trauma on intimate relationships. [Pilots]

Keywords: Attachment Behavior Psychotherapy Stressors Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

364. Armstrong, M. (1998, March). Healing traumatic wounds from childhood. The Focusing Connection, 15(2).

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
We are just beginning to understand that psychological trauma from emotional, physical and sexual abuse in childhood is epidemic in our society. We know the extent of the problem, and that trauma is trauma, no matter how it happens. For example, a child living in an anger-filled or incestuous home may have all the signs and symptoms of the traumatized Vietnam veteran. We know too that the cause of the lasting distress may be largely physical, resulting from permanently altered neurology and biochemisty.

Keywords: Childhood Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

365. Capps, F. (2005). Healing wounds of substance abuse related trauma using EMDR in couples counseling. Presentation at the CEDER Conference, TAMU-CC, Corpus Christi, TX.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Couples Counselling Couples Therapy Substance Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

366. Ray, K. (2000, September 30). Health in focus. London, England: The Times, Features.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
I consider that I have never been rendered so emotionally well as I am now as a result of this EMDR therapy. The EMDR Association can be contacted on 020-8951 3420 or at www. emdr.practitioner.net. I would seriously recommend anyone who is struggling in adult life as a result of early childhood traumas to consider this as a very valuable and hopeful type of therapy.

Keywords: General Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

367. Oppenheim, H-J. (2010, April). Het snijden moet stoppen, een uitweg uit de "stabilisatie-versus behandeling paradox 'in een DIS patiënt [The cutting must stop an escape from the" Stabilization versus treatment paradox' in a patient CIS]. Workshop gepresenteerd aan de vierde congres van de Vereniging EMDR Nederland, Nijmegen, The Nederlands.

Language: Dutch

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In deze presentatie zal ik, ook met behulp van video clips, bespreken het proces van de patiënt met een trauma CIS in acuut gevaar. Er was ernstige zelfbeschadiging dat elke volledig buiten het bewustzijn van de patiënt heeft plaatsgevonden. In termen van structurele dissociatie model (onder anderen), Onno van der Hart, is er agressieve acties van een emotionele deel van de persoonlijkheid (EP) die hebben gereageerd op deze ernstige en gewelddadige herbeleving van een vroege jeugd trauma. Aangezien de levensbedreigende zelfbeschadiging vormen begon te nemen werd gesneden zo spoedig gestaakt. Het was echter duidelijk dat in deze omstandigheden, te kijken naar het dagelijks leven schijnbaar normaal functioneren van de persoonlijkheid (ONP) trauma niet kon dragen. Patiënt en therapeut zijn gevangen in deze situatie in een vertrouwde paradox: om het trauma te verwerken moet stabiel genoeg zijn, maar de stabiliteit is nodig om het trauma te verwerken. In deze presentatie, een uitweg uit deze paradox zien. Na intensieve voorbereiding, met inbegrip van de bescherming van bepaalde onderdelen persoonlijkheid, contacten en onderhandelingen met een levensbedreigende deel en andere delen, met behulp van EMDR trauma kan optreden met alleen die delen dat het trauma kan verwerken. De (b) lijkt het erop dat actieve trauma EMDR met behulp van in deels bewust mogelijke niveau. Deelnemers zullen leren: a. hoe te werken uit de structuurfondsen Dissociatie Model; b. het belang van een actieve houding van de therapeut, als regisseur, wanneer het in contact en werken met verschillende delen van de persoonlijkheid, om het gewenste doel te bereiken. c. dat trauma een deel mogelijk bij het ontbreken van gericht op het dagelijks leven van de persoonlijkheid.

In this presentation I will, also using video clips, discuss the process of trauma patient with a CIS in acute danger. There was serious self-harm that each completely outside the consciousness of the patient occurred. In terms of structural dissociation model (among others), Onno van der Hart, there is aggressive actions of an emotional part of the personality (EP) that responded to this serious and violent reworking of an early childhood trauma. Since the life-threatening self-harm forms began to take was cut as soon as discontinued. However, it was clear that in these circumstances, looking at daily life seemingly normal functioning of the personality (ONP) trauma could not bear. Patient and therapist are caught in this situation in a familiar paradox: to process the trauma must be stable enough, but the stability is needed to process the trauma. In this presentation, an escape from this paradox shown. After intensive preparation, including in safeguarding certain personality parts, contact and negotiations with life threatening part and other parts, using EMDR trauma could occur with only those parts that could handle the trauma. The (b) it seems that active trauma using EMDR in partly conscious level possible. Participants will learn: a. how to work from the Structural Dissociation Model; b. the importance of an active attitude of the therapist, as a film director, when in contact and working with different parts of the personality, to achieve the desired goal. c. that trauma to a part as possible in the absence of focused on the daily lives of the personality

Keywords: Cutting, Stabilization, Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

368. Miller, B. (2005. November 21). The hidden abuse - Catholic church faces hurt with hope. Wilmington, DE: The News Journal, News, A1, A6.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
It took years of counseling and a process sometimes used with trauma victims called EMDR - Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing - for John Dougherty to remember the day Carley first raped him.

Keywords: Catholic Church Sexual Abuse Wilmington, DE

Accuracy Verified: Yes

369. van der Berg, D., van der Vleugel, P., & de Bont, P. (2013, June). How to treat trauma in psychosis. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Geneva, Switzerland.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Research shows that the majority of people with hallucinations or delusions have been the victimized during childhood. Experiencing childhood trauma triples the chance of psychosis in adulthood. Cognitive research shows that negative basic ideas about self and others are important mediators of the relationship between trauma and psychosis. Paranoia appears to be related to childhood interpersonal victimisation and emotional neglect and auditory verbal hallucinations are strongly linked to childhood sexual abuse.
EMDR can be used to desensitize traumatic experiences that keep intruding into awareness with strong negative emotional valence (first method) and to target experiences that have led to negative core beliefs about self and others (second method). We have developed a model for implementing the two method approach of EMDR in a broader cognitive behavioural therapy for psychosis. The rationale of this model will be shown and conceptualizing EMDR for psychosis will be practiced. Clinical vignettes will be shown to illustrate EMDR for psychosis.
Learning objectives: Know that trauma influences psychotic symptoms, Understand how EMDR can influence paranoia and hallucinations, and Be able to conceptualize EMDR for these symptoms

Keywords: Psychosis

Accuracy Verified: Yes

370. Cook, A. (1994). Ideas for using EMDR with dissociative states. EMDR Network Newsletter, 4(3), 5.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
I have been using EMDR with many of my clients a number of whom had been sexually assaulted as children and have suffered other childhood trauma. While it is very helpful for most clients, I have found that some, who had suffered repeated and early abuse, are overwhelmed with the material that they uncovered using EMDR in its original form. I have tried a couple of techniques for altering EMDR which have been very helpful to some clients. Interestingly, many clients can return to the original version once their anxiety levels have been lowered.

Keywords: Dissociation

Accuracy Verified: Yes

371. 有村達之, 山本宙, 早川洋, 久保千春 [Tatsuyuki Arimura, Hiroshi Yamamoto, Hiroshi Hayakawa, & Chiharu Kubo]. （1999年5月）. IIE-8 腹痛を伴う学校不適応にEMDRと自律訓練法を用いて改善した二例(小児・思春期) [IIE-8 Two improved cases using EMDR and autogenic training for school maladjustment patients associated with abdominal pain during childhood and adolescence]. 心身医学：日本誌、39（追補Ⅱ）、141 [Japanese Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine, 39(Supplement II), 141].

Language: Japanese

Format: Journal

Keywords: Abdominal Pain Adolescents Autogenic Training Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

372. Flemke, K., & Protinsky, H. (2001, December). Imago dialogues: Treatment enhancement with EMDR. Journal of Family Psychotherapy, 12(4), 1-14. doi:10.1300/J085v12n04_01.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The goal of Imago Relationship Therapy (IRT) is to have a healing connection form within the couple relationship. Some tools for achieving such connection include the Couples-Dialogue and the Parent-Child Dialogue. Despite the effectiveness of these interventions, it seems that some past childhood hurts and traumas remain unprocessed within the brain of certain individuals, thus inhibiting intimacy. By implementing Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) in tandem with IRT, clients who are stuck within these communication enhancement exercises are often able to establish a healing connection, thus further repairing past childhood wounds. Case studies have been included to illustrate the effectiveness of such integration.

Keywords: Childhood Childhood Development Conversation Couples-Dialogue Couples Relationships Couples Therapy Emotional Trauma Healing connection Imago Relationship Therapy Interventions Intimacy Marital Relations Parent Child Communication Parent-Child Dialogue Psychotherapeutic Techniques Relationship Therapy Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

373. Flemke, K., & Protinsky, H. (2003). Imago dialogues: Treatment enhancement with EMDR. Journal of Family Psychotherapy, 14(2), 31-45. doi:10.1300/J085v14n02_03 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The goal of Imago Relationship Therapy (IRT) is to have a healing connection form within the couple relationship. Some tools for achieving such connection include the Couples-dialogue and the Parent-Child dialogue. Despite the effectiveness of these interventions, it seems that some past childhood hurts and traumas remain unprocessed within the brain of certain individuals, thus inhibiting intimacy. By implementing Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) in tandem with IRT, clients who are stuck within these communication enhancement exercises are often able to establish a healing connection, thus further repairing past childhood wounds. Case studies have been included to illustrate the effectiveness of such integration.

Keywords: Child Dialogue Childhood Childhood Development Conversation Couples-Dialogue Couple Relationships Couples Therapy Emotional Trauma Healing Connection Imago Relationship Therapy Intimacy Marital Relations Parent Child Communication Parent-Child Interventions Psychotherapeutic Techniques Relationship Therapy Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

374. Klaus, P. (2005, September). The impact of childhood sexual abuse on childbearing: EMDR and other therapeutic interventions. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Seattle, WA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Childhood abuse memories can be activated at significant developmental periods or at stressful life events. Childbearing is especially vulnerable due perhaps to uncontrollable factors such as rapid changes in the woman's body, uncertainty and pain of labor, numerous invasive procedures, coping with medical professionals who are strangers with authority and power, and responsibility for a tiny, dependent infant. Participants will identify symptoms that may be exhibited during childbearing, recognize specific triggers that activate abuse memories and interfere with birth or parenting, and learn how to incorporate EMDR with specific interventions to help survivors reduce fears, minimize htrggers, promote healing and bonding.

Keywords: Child Bearing Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

375. Maxwell, J. P. (2003, October). The imprint of childhood physical and emotional abuse: A case study on the use of EMDR to address anxiety and lack of self-esteem. Journal of Family Violence, 18(5), 281-293. doi:10.1023/A:1025165227590.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This article examines the use of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) in helping a client address problems with persistent anxiety and a lack of self-esteem. During EMDR treatment, the client explored the dichotomous thinking that had plagued her since childhood, and correspondingly, the role of childhood physical and emotional abuse in her chronic feelings of inadequacy and anxiety. The client experienced significant improvement in her levels of anxiety and problems with self-esteem, both at the end of treatment and at 1-year follow up. Qualitative and quantitative data are utilized in this case study outlining the use of EMDR with a client diagnosed with dysthymic disorder.

Keywords: Adult Female Anxiety Child Abuse Childhood Physical Abuse Childhood Emotional Abuse Clinical Case Study Emotional Abuse Empirical Study Lack of Self-Esteem Patient History Self Esteem

Accuracy Verified: Yes

376. Forgash, C. A. (2003, May). Improving child sexual abuse survivor’s health with integrated EMDR & ego state treatment. In Attachment and complex trauma. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Rome, Italy.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Attachment Theory Complex PTSD, Ego State Therapy Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

377. Leeds, A. (2007, June). Improving self-regulation and social functioning for survivors of early emotional neglect and abuse with positive affect tolerance and integration protocol: A case series. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Survivors of early emotional neglect experience pervasive difficulties including vulnerability to adult psychiatric disorders and inability to regulate emotional states (Schore, 1996, 1997, 2000, 2001a, 2001b; Teicher, 2000, 2002; Teicher et al, 1993; Teicher et al., 1997). Their inability to regulate emotional states is not solely linked to effects of adverse events, but is significantly linked to insufficient exposure to normal, developmental attachment sequences that foster capacities for self-regulation.
A subset of adult survivors of early, pervasive, emotional neglect who meet full or partial criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder also present with comorbid Cluster C Axis II symptoms (Avoidant, Dependent, Obsessive-Compulsive) and meet criteria for dismissing (or fearful) insecure attachment (Cassidy & Shaver, 1999; Main, 1996).
Clinical assessment reveals these patients have low tolerance for positive interpersonal emotions and engage in defensive strategies to dismiss, minimize, deny or subtly avoid experiencing and assimilating this positive emotional states into their internal model of self. These strategies include overt and covert behavioral avoidance as well as dissociate defenses. Paradoxically, these patients may show superficial characteristics or competence, interpersonal skills, or emotional stability which on closer examination prove to be fragile or which collapse in the face of social stressors.
The general theoretical base for the Positive Affect Tolerance and Integration (PAT) protocol is related to McCullough’s (1996, 2003) model of affect phobia and recognizes McCullough’s emphasis on an anxiety regulating, titrated approach to developing tolerance for adaptive affect and associated coping behaviors. Putnam’s (1997) discrete behavioral states model provides an important conceptual framework for understanding these patients’ needs to gradually develop new discrete behavioral (psychophysiological and affective) states and new pathways (schemes and scripts) fostering access to these shared positive states often as a crucial early phase of treatment to help resolve their impairments in emotional self-regulation.
This presentation describes the use of standard EMDR procedural steps in a treatment plan that postpones the standard three pronged (past, present, future) PTSD protocol, but which is consistent with the consensus model for Complex PTSD (Brown, Scheflin & Hammond, 1998; Chu, 1998; Courtois, 1999; Hart, Nijenhuis, Steele, 2006) and other EMDR approaches focused initially on improving response to current stimuli (Hoffman, 2004; Leeds & Korn, 1998; Leeds & Shapiro, 2000) before attempting to target childhood traumatic memories. Targets for PAT are recent experiences in which the patient was exposed to positive, shared, interpersonal emotional states. The purposes for applying PAT to these targets are: to decrease defensive avoidance; dissociation and anxiety about shared positive emotional states; to increase capacity to tolerate and enjoy these shared positive emotional states; and to integrate these shared positive emotional states into positive schemas and self-concepts. Observed clinical gains following PAT included: improved mood and resilience, and decreased depersonalization during subsequent use of EMDR to reprocess traumatic memories.
The goal in presenting this “Positive Affect Tolerance and Integration Protocol” case series is to encourage research to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of this application of the standard EMDR procedures for a clinical subpopulation generally considered challenging to treat.

Keywords: Affect Tolerance Poster Self-Regulation Social Functioning

Accuracy Verified: Yes

378. Forgash, C. A. (2003, September). Improving survivor’s health with integrated EMDR and ego state treatment. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop will present an EMDR and Ego State integrated approach dealing with the health problems of child sexual abuse survivors (CSAS). These problems are exacerbated by dissociative and PTSD symptoms and may have affected clients accessing health care. These complex clients require tri-phased treatment approach which includes an extended preparation phase (to help CSAS manage triggers and avoid retraumatization in the healthcare setting) desensitization and reprocessing of earlier trauma, including both sexual abuse and medical situations, and the future template phase where consumer skills development will be planned, rehearsed and installed. The workshop will include handouts, bibliography, and a slide presentation.

Keywords: Ego State Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

379. Bluthgen, C., & Pomeranec, E. (2007, Novembro). Incidencia del trauma temprano en conflictos de pareja [Impact of trauma early in marital conflict] . Apresentação no I Congresso Ibero-Americano de EMDR, Brasilia, Brasil.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Objetivos de aprendizagem: • Este trabajo enfoca el impacto de experiencias traumáticas tempranas, especialmente abuso sexual infantil, en relaciones de pareja disfuncionales y en el conflicto marital.

Aprendizagem objectives: • This study addresses the impact of experiences early traumatic, especially child sexual abuse in relationships dysfunctional and marital conflict.

Keywords: Marital Conflict

Accuracy Verified: Yes

380. Lazrove, S. (1995, June). An inconclusive look and the complex interplay between trauma and substance abuse. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The idea of using EMDR to treat substance abusers is attractive. However, EMDR is most effective when the target is identified precisely. Two related, but distinct, targets are presumed to exist in substance abusers: 1. The drug abuse behavior, and 2. The psychological underpining which, presumably, drive the substance abuse. Depending upon which is selected, two different approaches to treatment are possible.

Keywords: Substance Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

381. Twombly, J. H. (2000). Incorporating EMDR and EMDR adaptations into the treatment of clients with dissociative identity disorder. Journal of Trauma and Dissociation, 1(2), 61-81. doi:10.1300/J229v01n02_05.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
This paper offers ways to incorporate Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) in the treatment of clients with Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID). Uses of EMDR detailed can be applied to Dissociative Disorder, Not Otherwise Specified (DDNOS) and ego state work. EMDR is a therapeutic method using alternating bilateral stimulation (ABS) that integrates traumatic memories with adaptive reasoning and the patient's own resources, resulting in accelerated information processing and healing. DID is a complex disorder suffered by clients who have often experienced multiple childhood traumas. They live with what Kluft terms a "multiple reality disorder," and describes as living in "...several parallel but incompletely over-lapping constructions of the world and of life experience." An asset with EMDR is that it can accelerate the treatment process. A liability is that its incorrect use can accelerate decompensation for fragile clients, e.g., those with complex trauma histories or DID. This paper offers suggested uses of EMDR and EMDR adaptations to facilitate learning, intervene in multiple reality disorder, decrease some negative transferences, and to provide a protective format for processing traumatic material. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Dissociative Identity Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes Stressors Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

382. Twombly, J. (2004, September). Incorporating EMDR and EMDR adaptations into the treatment of dissociative disorders. Presentation at the annual mmeting of the EMDR International Association, Montreal, Quebec Canada.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop offers ways to incorporate Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing in the treatment of clients with Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID). Dissociative Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (DDNOS) and ego state work. DID and DDNOS are complex disorders suffered by clients who have often experienced multiple childhood traumas. Used carefully. EMDR and EMDR adaptations can accelerate the treatment process. A liability is that its introject use can accelerate decompensation. This workshop offers suggested uses of EMDR and EMDR adaptations to facilitate Stabilization, orientation to the present, decrease some negative transferences and to provide a protective format far processing traumatic material.

Keywords: Dissociative Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

383. Stewart, K., & Dalman, R. (1998, July). Incorporating EMDR in a residential setting for abused adolescent females. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Baltimore, MD.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will learn: 1) how EMDR is utilized in a residental facility for abused adolescent females; 2) how to use milieu staff to reinforce and strengthen EMDR work from individual sessions; 3) how EMDR and Linehan's DBT methodology can work together to strengthen treatment; and 4) how to train millieu staff.

Keywords: Abuse Adolescents DBT Dialectical Behavior Therapy Female Residential Settings

Accuracy Verified: Yes

384. Christman, S. D., Propper, R. E., & Brown, T. J. (2006, May). Increased interhemispheric interaction is associated with earlier offset of childhood amnesia. Neuropsychology, 20(3), 336-345. doi:10.1037/0894-4105.20.3.336 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Experiment 1 found that mixed-handedness, which is associated with increased interaction between the left and right cerebral hemispheres relative to strong right-handedness, was associated with an earlier offset of childhood amnesia. In Experiment 2, bilateral saccadic eye movements, which have been shown to enhance interhemispheric interaction, were also associated with an earlier offset of childhood amnesia. These results build upon a growing body of research indicating an interhemispheric basis for the retrieval of episodic memories. Moreover, the results of Experiment 2 suggest that interhemispheric interaction has its effect on the retrieval, not encoding, of episodic memories. (PsycINFO]

Keywords: Amnesia Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

385. Baldwin, D. (1997). Innovation, controversy, and consensus in traumatology. Traumatology, 3(1), 7-22. doi:10.1177/153476569700300103 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Controversy follows innovation and threats to the status quo in many social domains, including the sciences. This article briefly summarizes information from the philosophy of science and data from studies of conflict in diverse fields. It then introduces two independent contemporary controversies in traumatology -- a new clinical method called EMDR and the Final Report of the APA Working Group on memories of childhood abuse -- and considers them within a broader context of the historical rift between psychological research and practice. The aim is to step outside the frame of specific conflicts and identify differences in philosophical orientation and values that contribute to communication difficulties and associated conflict between partisans. Approaches are offered toward building consensus within the field. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Child Abuse Commentary False Memory Rape Scientific Research Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

386. Manfield, P. (2000). Innovative EMDR-Ansätze: Die Anwendungsfelder von EMDR [Innovative approaches to EMDR]. Paderborn: Junfermann.

Language: German

Format: Book

Abstract:
EMDR wurde von Francine Shapiro infolge einer zufälligen Entdeckung, die sie im Jahre 1987 machte, entwickelt. Wie sie selbst in ihrem Vorwort zu diesem Buch schreibt, ist "EMDR ... mittlerweile zu einer Methodologie geworden, die Aspekte aller wichtigen psychotherapeutischen Methoden zu einem fokussierten Ansatz für die Behandlung eines großen Spektrums von Pathologien vereint." Das vorliegende Buch setzt an, wo die formelle EMDR-Ausbildung endet. Mittlerweile wurde mit Hilfe wissenschaftlicher Untersuchungen nachgewiesen, daß EMDR die psychologischen Nachwirkungen traumatischer Erinnerungen ungeheuer erfolgreich zu behandeln vermag. Anhand von Fallstudien wird im vorliegenden Buch untersucht, in welchen anderen Bereichen EMDR nützliche Dienste leisten könnte. Unter diesen befinden sich so schwierig zu behandelnde Probleme wie längerfristiger Kindesmißbrauch und komplexe Fälle von posttraumatischer Belastungsstörung. Die wiedergegebenen elf Fallberichte veranschaulichen die Anwendung von EMDR auf ein großes Spektrum von Fällen. Die zahlreichen klinischen Beispiele werden angehenden EMDR-Therapeuten helfen, die neu erlernte Methode bei ihren Klienten anzuwenden, und sie liefern erfahrenen EMDR-Praktikern Modelle zur Erweiterung der Anwendung dieser Methode. Durch die gut verständlichen Erklärungen des Behandlungsprozesses wird EMDR sowohl für Kliniker als auch für Klienten entmystifiziert. Die Autoren der Einzelbeiträge sind Vertreter unterschiedlicher psychotherapeutischer Ansätze, unter anderem des psychodynamischen, des behavioristischen, des kognitiven und des systemischen.

EMDR was developed by Francine Shapiro as a result of an accidental discovery she made in 1987. As she writes in her foreword to this book, "EMDR is ... now become a methodology that combines aspects of all major psychotherapeutic methods into a focused approach to the treatment of a wide spectrum of pathologies." This book is at, where the formal EMDR training ends. Now been shown through scientific studies that EMDR can handle the psychological aftermath of traumatic memories enormously successful. Through case studies is examined in this book could make in what other areas EMDR useful services. Among these are so difficult to treat problems such as longer-term complex cases of child abuse and post traumatic stress disorder. The reproduced eleven case reports illustrate the application of EMDR to a wide range of cases. The numerous clinical examples will help prospective EMDR therapists who learned new method for their clients to apply and provide experienced EMDR practitioners to increase their use of this method. Due to the easily understandable explanations of the treatment process is demystified both EMDR for clinicians and for clients. The authors of individual contributions are representatives of different psychotherapeutic approaches, including the psychodynamic, the behavioral, cognitive, and systemic.

Keywords: Innovations

Accuracy Verified: Yes

387. Colt, K. M., & Marvasti, J. A. (2004). Innovative therapies for trauma related disorders: TARGET, TREM, and EMDR. In J. A. Marvasti (Ed.), Psychiatric treatment of victims and survivors of sexual trauma: A neuro-bio-psychological approach (pp. 73-95). Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas Publisher.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
In this chapter, Marvasti and Colt explore the victims' response to trauma and examine nontraditional treatment models for psychological trauma. The TARGET model (Trauma Adaptive Recovery Group Education and Therapy) of treatment focuses on current symptoms. Treatment is aimed at helping the victim move from maladaptive patterns of thought and behavior toward healthy ways of managing life. TREM (Trauma Recovery and Empowerment Model) was created to assist disempowered female victims of trauma to develop self-esteem and coping skills. EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) is a set of protocols designed to decrease the symptoms of traumatic stress by use of rhythmic movements and cognitive restructuring. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Emotional Trauma Empowerment Female Victims Group Education and Therapy Group Psychotherapy Human Females Models Nontraditional Treatment Models Psychological Trauma Sexual Abuse Symptoms Treatment Victimization

Accuracy Verified: Yes

388. Potexki, A. K. (2012, Novembro). Integração da dimensão espiritual na cura do trauma [Integration of the spiritual dimension in healing trauma]. In temas diversos. Apresentação no II Congresso Brasileiro de EMDR, Brasília, Brasil.

Language: Portuguese

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Objetivo: Apresentar situações que sugerem que um trauma afeta a dimensão espiritual e, uma vez reintegrada, colabora com a cura do trauma. David Grand, diz que o EMDR integra corpo, mente, pensamento, emoção e espírito. Então, as interconexões entre essas partes voltam a acontecer. Sabe-se que alguns traumas estão ligados a pensamentos referentes a Deus, como: “Deus me abandonou”; “Deus me castigou”. A sensação de “abandono por Deus”, causa um profundo sofrimento à pessoa, Bessel Van Der Kolk, evidencia aquilo que ele denomina God-Forsaken (sensação de abandono por parte de Deus, solidão; não se acredita mais em nada, há falta de significado para a vida). Um paciente, violentado na infância, durante a sessão disse: “Eu tenho mágoa de Deus ... Deus esta olhando e não está fazendo nada!... Abandono de Deus... isso me corroía... Eu estendia o bracinho, mas não havia ninguém...Deus não estava lá!” Certa paciente veio com um histórico de agressão física por parte do marido. No decorrer da sessão, foi se lembrando dos piores episódios. A pior surra foi quando estava grávida. Ao longo das sessões foi possível perceber que as frases a respeito de Deus afetaram diretamente sentimentos, emoções, relacionamentos, enfim, a vida como um todo. No momento em que o paciente reprocessa essas frases a cura acontece.

Objective: To present situations that suggest that trauma affects the spiritual dimension and once reinstated, collaborates with the healing of trauma. David Grand, says the EMDR integrates body, mind, thought, emotion and spirit. So, the interconnections between these parties happen again. It is known that some traumas are linked to thoughts concerning God as "God forsaken me", "God punished me." The feeling of "abandonment by God," cause deep suffering to the person, Bessel van der Kolk, highlights what he calls God-Forsaken (feeling of abandonment by God, loneliness, no longer believe in anything, there is a lack of meaning to life). A patient abused in childhood, during the session said: "I have hurt God ... God is watching and not doing anything! ... Abandonment of God ... it gnawed me ... I stretched a little arm, but there was nobody ... God was not there! "One patient came with a history of physical abuse by her husband. During the session, was remembering the worst episodes. The worst spanking was when I was pregnant. Throughout the sessions was possible to see that the phrases about God directly affected feelings, emotions, relationships, finally, life as a whole. At the time the patient reprocesses these phrases healing occurs.

Keywords: Integration of the Spiritual Dimension

Accuracy Verified: Yes

389. Brown, S., & Gilman, S. (2007). An integrated trauma treatment program (ITTP) in the Thurston County Drug Court Program: Program summary - An integrated trauma treatment program (EMDR and seeking safety) as an enhancement in the Thurson County drug court program. Author.

Language: English

Format: Other

Abstract:
The prevalence of co-occurring Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Substance Use Disorder (SUD) in the criminal justice system is a serious issue for both men and women. The inattention to trauma before, during, and after involvement in the criminal justice system is problematic. Some research suggests that trauma-related disorders among those with SUD negatively affect post-incarceration outcomes (Kubiak, 2004). Therefore, from a practice and policy perspective, interventions addressing these co-occurring disorders should be made available to men and women within the criminal justice system. Current research recommends a phased and integrated treatment approach for co-occurring PTSD and SUD. SAMHSA (2005) reports that the integration of substance abuse treatment and mental health services for persons with co-occurring disorders (COD) has become a major treatment initiative. The specific Integrated Trauma Treatment Program (ITTP) described in this report is one possible treatment approach for this challenging population. This report will outline the rationale for the ITTP implemented in the Thurston County Drug Court Program (TCDCP) in Olympia, WA. In addition, it is hoped that results from this project will be considered when making policy recommendations for Drug Courts and other programs in the criminal justice system, as well as other public and private substance abuse treatment settings.

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Substance Use Disorder

Accuracy Verified: Yes

390. Brown, S., Gilman, S. G., & Kelso, T. (2008, September). Integrated trauma treatment program: A novel EMDR approach for PTSD and substance abuse. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Phoenix, AZ.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
PTSD and substance abuse is a common co-occurring disorder for which current research recommends a phased, integrated treatment approach. This presentation covers the 4-year pilot program using EMDR and Seeking Safety© as an Integrated Trauma Treatment Program (ITTP) in a Drug Court. The process, rationale and clinically significant outcomes of this study will be presented. Participants will learn how to implement EMDR in other similar settings and will learn how to develop a simple research model to collect data. Time will be provided for discussion of clinical issues addressed in this ITTP and video of study participants post-treatment.

Keywords: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Substance Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

391. Brown, S., & Gilman, S. (2005, September). Integrated treatment of PTSD and substance abuse with chemically addicted offenders in a drug court model: A pilot study. Poster presented at the annual meeting of EMDR International Association, Seattle, WA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Drug Court Model Pilot Study Poster Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PSTD Substance Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

392. Parnell, L. (2010, September/October). Integrating an attachment repair orientation into EMDR treatment for clients with relational trauma. Presentation at the annual meeting of EMDR International Association, Minneapolis, MN.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Clients who have experienced childhood traumas that have impacted their sense of safety and capacity to form close emotional relationships in adulthood require adjustments to the EMDR phases and procedural steps. These relational traumas can include childhood physical or sexual abuse, neglect, early losses, birth trauma, medical trauma, caregiver misattunement and vicarious trauma. In order for EMDR therapists to be most successful with this population it is important to incorporate an attachment repair orientation into the therapy. Through lecture, case examples, and video clips, participants will learn how an attachment-repair orientation can be integrated into all phases of EMDR treatment.

Keywords: Attachment Repair Orientation Relational Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

393. D'Hooghe, D. (2012, June). Integrating attachment theory and the AIP model in working with early childhood trauma in an attachment relationship [La integración de la teoría del apego y el modelo AIP al trabajar sobre el trauma infantil precoz dentro de una relación de apego]. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Madrid, Spain.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In this presentation I would emphasize the relationship between attachment, trauma and the development of the AMN (adaptive memory network). From a psychobiological point of view, we understand that early relational experiences shape brain growth and organization and that the major environmental influence on the development of the brain is the attachment relationship. Reductions in brain volume and dysfunctional memory networks following traumatic experiences in early childhood are documented. When there is a distressing incident, it may become stored in state-‐specific form, unable to connect with other memory networks that hold adaptive information. The research of the neurobiology of the social brain and the mirror neuron system let us assume that the AMN is developing in the presence of an attuned caretaker. Healing traumatic memories is relational and procedural. I use EMDR within the Phase-‐ model of trauma-‐informed treatment. During the preparation phase (phase 1 and 2 EMDR protocol) I would like to stress the importance of: • evaluating the attachment pattern of the child. It affects how the child relates to the therapist. Establishing a healing therapeutic relationship is a goal of phase 2. • the activation of networks containing adaptive information and positive memories • increasing coping abilities, self-‐efficacy and sense of mastery. That may result in reduction of the fear responses and enabling changes in the meaning of the experiences, and a new memory can be formed.

En esta presentación, queremos enfatizar la relación que existe entre apego, trauma y desarrollo de la red adaptativa de memoria (AMN). Desde un punto de vista psicológico, entendemos que una temprana experiencia relacional forma el cerebro y hace crecer la organización y consideramos que la principal influencia ambiental del desarrollo del cerebro es la relación de apego. Las reducciones en el tamaño del volumen del cerebro y las redes de memoria disfuncionales seguidas de experiencias traumáticas en la infancia están documentadas. Cuando existe un evento vital estresante, puede ser almacenado en una forma específica de estado, impidiendo conectar con otras redes de memoria que retienen la información adaptativa. La investigación de la neurobiología del cerebro social y el sistema de neuronas espejo, nos permite asumir que la AMN se desarrolla en presencia de un cuidador acostumbrado. Sanar recuerdos traumáticos es relacional y referente al procesamiento. Yo uso EMDR dentro del modelo-‐fase del tratamiento para el trauma informado por el paciente. Tratamiento del modelo de fase para el trauma informado: Durante la preparación fase (fase 1 y 2 del protocolo EMDR) me gustaría recalcar la importancia de: -‐ Evaluar el patrón de apego del niño. Que afecta en como el niño se relaciona con el terapeuta. -‐ La activación de redes que contienen información adaptativa y recuerdos positivos. -‐ Incremento de las habilidades de afrontamiento, autoeficacia y autocontrol. Esto puede conllevar una reducción de las respuestas de miedo e inhibir cambios en significado de las experiencias y puede llevar a la formación de un nuevo recuerdo.

Keywords: Adaptive Information Processing AIP Attachment Theory Childhood Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

394. Forgash, C. (2006, November). Integrating EMDR and ego state treatment: Addressing dissociation and PTSD in adult sexual abuse survivors and their negative impact on physical health. Presentation at the International Society for the Study of Dissociation Fall Conference, Los Angeles, CA .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Dissociation Ego State Therapy Physical Health Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Sexual Abuse Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

395. Talan, B. S. (2007). Integrating EMDR and imago relationship therapy in couple treatment. In F. Shaprio, F. W. Kaslow, & L. Maxfield (Eds.), Handbook of EMDR and family therapy processes (pp. 187-201). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
Imago Relationship Therapy (IRT; Hendrix, 1996, 2001) is designed to process negative experiences to heal early wounds of childhood, resolve marital conflict and criticism, and increase connection and intimacy. The goal of treatment is for the partners to become individually whole and conscious and an "intentional couple"; this concept emphasizes the importance of making conscious and deliberate choices rather than being reactive. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR; Shapiro, 1995, 2001) is a psychotherapy created to access and process the disturbing memories and deep wounds of childhood and bring them to adaptive resolution (Shapiro, 2001; Shapiro & Maxfield, 2002). In the integrative therapy approach described in this chapter, IRT is used to organize the approach to therapy, identify unprocessed targets for EMDR processing, facilitate communication between the partners, and help couples become less reactive and more intentional, separate and ultimately more connected. Advantages of integrating EMDR and IRT may include faster and deeper resolution of early childhood wounds and trauma and increased compassion and intimacy, enabling the couple to establish a healing connection, which breaks the symbiosis created in early childhood. Separation due to personal growth allows the couple to honor each other's differences and often results in greater connection. The integration of EMDR with IRT appears to provide more comprehensive desensitization, reprocessing, and healing than either of these therapies might provide individually. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Conflict Couples Couples Therapy Couple Treatment Imago Relationship Therapy Integrative Psychotherapy Integrative Therapy Approach Marriage Counseling

Accuracy Verified: Yes

396. Sherzer, M. (2008, June). Integrating EMDR in family & couple therapy. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England UK.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In this poster I am going to raise the question of integrating EMDR in family and couple therapy. This is a philosophical question. I actually am asking if it's possible to integrate an individual approach with a systemic one. Those scholars who dealt with this question found some common roots in the attachment period. For example, the Hendrix' IMAGO approach presume that the marital crisis has its roots in the childhood wounds. We can find other approaches that enforce this assumption. The literature that deals with integrating EMDR with couple therapy does not find differences between traumas caused by marital crisis and traumas caused by other stimuli. This brings us to the idea it is possible that EMDR will be useful in a marital crisis also. The novelty was that those therapists who mastered both skills, family therapists and EMDR therapists, started with protocols that integrate EMDR in couple therapy in the presence of both spouses. From the first beginning, Francine Shapiro mentions in her basic book on EMDR that are cases where EMDR is contra-indicated in couple therapy in the presences of both mates. Later on we found that we can classify the cases when to use EMDR in the presence of both spouses and when to use it individually. Of course, this categorization is based on clinical observation. We like to refer this question to the members of this poster presentation if they have some more insights about this

Keywords: Couples Therapy Family Therapy Poster

Accuracy Verified: Yes

397. Munnukka-Dahlqvist, M. (2004, June). Integrating EMDR in psychotherapy treating complex trauma in a client with previous long-term psychotherapies. In complex traumatisation and EMDR (K. Linder, Chair). Symposium conducted at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, Stockholm, Sweden .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The goal of this paper is to examine one therapy process in order to explore what resources EMDR treatment can provide to complex traumatized clients with previous long-term therapies. How important is the role of mind/body connection? How could it be best observed and taken into consideration when deciding on therapeutic choices during difference phases in psychotherapy? This case raises also the following questions: When it is best to use EMDR? How do the therapist and client know when the client is ready for EMDR? How can clients learn to feel, become aware of their own bodies, observe their body sensations and label these observations? What is the importance of these skills before using EMDR? How do EMDR protocols work in this context?
Case: This client had been severely traumatized in childhood and also in adult life. She came to EMDR treatment with own question: “Have I ever been able to feel anything?” She had been in different psychotherapies, but her body was not ready for EMDR and she could not regulate emotions. She had good ego strength. This presentation shows how the therapy process progressed and it includes a therorectical discussion.
It is possible to integrate different kinds of therapies. Previous “traditional talking therapies” can give to the client the necessary ego strength, boundaries and make it easier to build a therapeutic relationship. Since trauma-related syndromes split the mind and body, it is necessary to address what occurs in the body, just as it is equally necessary to use words to make sense of and describe an experience. E

Keywords: Complex Trauma Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

398. Bergmann, U. (2003, May). Integrating EMDR into specific therapeutical approaches - Personality disorders as variants of dissociative phenomena: Treatment with an integration of the EMDR and ego state work. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Rome, Italy.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
The integration of EMDR with Ego State therapy will be presented as a comprehensive approach to the treatment of the wide spectrum of personality disorders. The histories of these clients often include early repeat experiences of abuse, deprivation, abandonment, and parental coldness. Historically, the treatment of personality disorders has been described as difficult, if not impossible; manifested by a rigid character armor, defensive resistance. This presentation will propose that the presence of untreated dissociation accounts for these failures and will highlight the use of ego-mapping, exploration, interweaves and the utilization of ego-state-specific EMDR protocols to facilitate robust processing.

Keywords: Dissociation Ego State Therapy Personality Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

399. Grand, D. (1996, June). Integrating EMDR into the psychodynamic treatment process. EMDRIA Newsletter, 1(1), 14-16.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
EMDR was originally developed utilizing cognitive therapy theories and constructions (i.e., cognitive/behavior restructuring, information processing, rating scales) (Shapiro, 1995). Accordingly, the relevance and potential applications of psychodynamic concepts to EMDR went largely unnoticed. However, Dr. Shapiro formed the concept ‘syclectic’ (synthesis of the eclectic) as she recognized the analytic contributions to EMDR such as the significance of early childhood memories, the unconscious, free association, insight, catharsis, abreaction, and symbolism (Shapiro, 1995). In face, a psychodynamic therapist incorporating EMDR into his or her technique cannot help but learn and recognize the value of many cognitive ideas and practices. The same holds true for cognitive practitioners who can discover that the use of EMDR opens to them the shadowy word so familiar to the analyst. Accordingly, EMDR lies at the confluence of two great rivers of thought which is further evidence of its profound nature.

Keywords: Psychodynamic Syclectic

Accuracy Verified: Yes

400. Wernimont, T. (2004, September). Integrating EMDR into the treatment of brain injury. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Montreal, Quebec Canada.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Brain injury is the often overlooked result of abuse, accidents, sports injury, seizure disorder, tumors/surgery, and toxic exposure/overdose. Symptoms from brian injury are often attributed to other causes, including depression, addiction, and even schizophrenia impeding treatment. There will be practical suggestions regarding: 1) assessment for symptoms of brain injury in your population; 2) applying EMDR approach within a comprehensive treatment plan; and 3) how to use strategies to treat symptoms of dysregulation and to reinforce skills. In addition, the cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and social effects of brain injury will be addressed.

Keywords: Brain Injury

Accuracy Verified: Yes

401. Young, J., & Zangwill, W. (1995, June). Integrating schema-focused therapy & EMDR. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Dr. Young has developed an integrative model that seems especialy appropriate for combining with EMDR. According to the theory proposed, eighteen Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMS) are at the core of personality disorders. An EMS is defined as an extremely broad, pervasive theme regarding oneself and one's relationship with others, developed during childhood and elaborated throughout one's lifetime, and dysfunctional to a significant degree. Shapiro's concept of childhood file folders would be analogous to the concept of schemas. These eighteen schemas are primarily unconscious but can be brought to awareness through various strategies, especially EMDR. This presentation will demonstrate how to integrate the use of Schema-Focused therapy with EMDR. In this model, Schema- Focused therapy serves as the primary conceptual framework for working with the client while EMDR is seen as the primary change technique. The first step in this process is a thorough history taking looking for both traumatic life events and the client's underlying vulnerabilities and schemas. History taking is accomplished both through client interviews and the use of Lazarus' Multimodal Life History Questionnaire. The Schema Questionnaire and the Parent Questionnaire developed by Young are given and scored. As part of this process, the therapist attempts to help the client discriminate memories representing primary trauma versus memories that represent life long issues. The EMDR model eliciting infonmtion - asking the client about specific events and problems, then obtaining Pictures, Negative and Positive Cognitions, Affect and Body Sensations as well as SUDS and VOC ratings - is used as soon as the client is comfortable. Collecting information this way without the use of Eye Movements has been shown to be a very effective way of tapping into the neural network where related memories are stored. The grouping of these memories often appears to be along such schema lines as Vulnerability, Defectiveness, Abandonment, etc. As the therapeutic relationship develops, clients are educated about EMDR and schemas. The last part of this process is the Case Conceptualization. This involves putting together the information from history taking, the schema questionnaire and the parent questionnaire and the client's in-session behavior to formulate a useful picture of client problems, likely problem origins, and recommended change techniques. Knowing what issues/themes your client is vulnerable to, tells you where to start your EMDR exploration. It also helps suggests where to probe when processing stops, i.e., what blocking beliefs may be present, what type of cognitive interweave to use, etc. Once the case conceptualization is complete, EMDR is used as always. However, the use of Schema Focused therapy with EMDR broadens the scope of EMDR. 1) Cognitive Therapy for Personalitv Disorders: A Schema-Focused Approach. Revised Ed. Professional Resource Press, Sarasota, FL, (813)366-7913; 2) Reinventing Your Life, J. Young and J. Klosko. New York, Plume, 1994.

Keywords: Schema-Focused Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

402. Young, J., & Zangwill, W. M. (1996, June). Integrating schema-focused therapy with EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Dr. Young has developed an integrative model that seems especialy appropriate for combining with EMDR. According to the theory proposed, eighteen Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMS) are at the core of personality disorders. An EMS is defined as an extremely broad, pervasive theme regarding oneself and one's relationship with others, developed during childhood and elaborated throughout one's lifetime, and dysfunctional to a significant degree. Shapiro's concept of childhood file folders would be analogous to the concept of schemas. These eighteen schemas are primarily unconscious but can be brought to awareness through various strategies, especially EMDR. This presentation will demonstrate how to integrate the use of Schema-Focused therapy with EMDR. In this model, Schema- Focused therapy serves as the primary conceptual framework for working with the client while EMDR is seen as the primary change technique. The first step in this process is a thorough history taking looking for both traumatic life events and the client's underlying vulnerabilities and schemas. History taking is accomplished both through client interviews and the use of Lazarus' Multimodal Life History Questionnaire. The Schema Questionnaire and the Parent Questionnaire developed by Young are given and scored. As part of this process, the therapist attempts to help the client discriminate memories representing primary trauma versus memories that represen life long issues. The EMDR model eliciting information - asking the client about specific events and problems, then obtaining Pictures, Negative and Positive Cognitions, Affect and Body Sensations as well as SUDS and VOC ratings - is used as soon as the client is comfortable. Collecting information this way without the use of Eye Movements has been shown to be a very effective way of tapping into the neural network where related memories are stored. The grouping of these memories often appears to be along such schema lines as Vulnerability, Defectiveness, Abandonment, etc. As the therapeutic relationship develops, clients are educated about EMDR and schemas. The last part of this process is the Case Conceptualization. This involves putting together the infonmtion from history taking, the schema questionnaire and the parent questionnaire and the client's in-session behavior to formulate a useful picture of client problems, likely problem origins, and recommended change techniques. Knowing what issues/themes your client is vulnerable to, tells you where to start your EMDR exploration. It also helps suggests where to probe when processing stops, i.e., what blocking beliefs may be present, what type of cognitive interweave to use, etc. Once the case conceptualization is complete, EMDR is used as always. However, the use of Schema Focused therapy with EMDR broadens the scope of EMDR. 1)Cognitive Therapy for Personality Disorders: A Schema-Focused Approach. Revised Ed. Professional Resource Press, Sarasota, FL, (813) 366-7913 2)Reinventing Your Life, J. Young and J. Klosko. New York, Plume, 1994.

Keywords: Schema-Focused Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

403. Korn, D. (1995, June). Integrative and strategic utilization of EMDR in treating survivors of sexual abuse. Presentation at the EMDR Network Conference, Santa Monica, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This presentation will focus on integrating EMDR into an overall treatment plan and utilizing EMDR in conjunction with other cognitive behavioral approaches. Strategic utilization of EMDR to move clients through the various stages of recovery will be discussed. 1) In the first stage of treatment, safety, stabilization, coping, and development of a strong therapeutic relationship are emphasized. Treatment focuses on decreasing (1) suicidal and parasuicidal behavior, (2) treatment - interfering behavior, and (3) quality-of-life-interfering behavior (Linehan, 1993). Efforts are made to assist the client in developing a repertoire of cognitive-behavioral coping skills; relevant skills address grounding, trigger awareness, basic self - care, mindfullness, distress tolerance, affect regulation, assertiveness, relaxation, self - monitoring, stress inoculation, and cognitive restructuring. At this stage, EMDR can be used to shift negative cognitions which interfere with commitment to treatment, skill development, and the restoration of hope. The following are examples of negative cognitions whlch interfere with first stage stabilization goals: - I will only get acknowledgment of my pain if I act out. - I don't deserve to feel better. - If I take care of myself, no one will know I hurt. - I'm pathetic, a failure. - I will die/go crazy fiom these feelings. - I can never do anything right. - I can't stand this feeling. I must cut myself. - Don't trust anyone or anything. Newly learned information about coping can be reinforced and further integrated in the course of an EMDR session. Clients can be encouraged to notice their ability to tolerate affect and to practice their assertiveness skills, grounding skills, mindfulness skills, etc. 2) In the second stage of treatment, the focus is on processing traumatic memories and decreasing behaviors related to post-traumatic stress. EMDR interventions can be designed to assist clients with specific recovery tasks or issues: - fear/terror and associated avoidance - sense of powerlessnesshelplessness - responsibility/accountability - safety - self, others, environment - self-esteem/self as bad, defective, unlovable - lack of individuation - dependency - anger - grief/mouming - trust/mistrust - fear of abandonment - guilt/self-blame - shame/self-loathing With regard to each of these issues, maladaptive schemas can be addressed via effective cognitive interweave strategies. Ideas for supplementing EMDR work with written assignments, imagery exercises, recovery rituals, and planned in vivo exposure will be discussed. Strategies for handling possible problems, obstacles, or resistance at this stage will also be noted. Finally, the role of ongoing assessment and data collection in making decisions about EMDR targets will be addressed. 3) In the third stage of treatment, the emphasis is on personal development and increased connection with others. Recovery tasks and issues addressed via EMDR include: - Increasing intimacy and healthy connections - Increasing self-esteem - Increasing self-efficacy and sense of mastery - Reclaiming sexuality - Increasing self-efficacy and sense of mastery - Identity exploration and development - Establishing goals, initiating new projects, and taking reasonable risks At this stage, EMDR can be useful in detecting remnants of shame, fear, etc. In addition, EMDR can be used to reduce anxiety and increase confidence as a client sets his/her sights on the future and prepares to face new and challenging situations. EMDR can aid in the generalization of skills and adaptive schemas across time and place. It can facilitate the integration of a new, more positive and vital self-image. The presentation will conclude with a videotape case presentation highlighting relevant recovery tasks and issues in applying EMDR at a specific stage of treatment.

Keywords: Sexual Abuse Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

404. Ringel, S. (2012). An integrative model in trauma treatment - utilizing eye movement desensitization and reprocessing and a relational approach with adult survivors of sexual abuse. Psychoanalytic Psychology. doi:10.1037/a0030044.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The aim of this article is to offer an integrative approach in the treatment of adult survivors of sexual abuse. The treatment orientation is psychodynamic and intersubjective and will draw on three conceptual models: (a) a developmental model based on current attachment research, (b) current neuroscience findings concerning traumatic memory that emphasize sensory, affective, and implicit knowing in the understanding and treatment of trauma, and (c) eye movement desensitization and reprocessing as an adjunctive technique to help access traumatic memories. The author will summarize each theoretical perspective and will provide a case illustration to demonstrate a treatment approach that incorporates all three modalities.

Keywords: Adults Relational Approach Sexual Abuse Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

405. Maxfield, L. (2007). Integrative treatment of intrafamilial child sexual abuse. In F. Shaprio, F. W. Kaslow, & L. Maxfield (Eds.), Handbook of EMDR and family therapy processes (pp. 344-364). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
This chapter discusses childhood sexual abuse (CSA); the role of the family after disclosure; theoretical conceptualizations; and family systems therapy and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) in the treatment of CSA. A combination of family therapy and EMDR can provide thorough comprehensive treatment for the child and nonoffending family members. The integrated treatment process developed by this author has four stages, as further discussed here. To simplify, the family situation is configured as a nonoffending protective mother with a child abused by the mother's husband or live-in boyfriend. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Childhood Sexual Abuse Family Systems Theory Family Systems Therapy Family Therapy Integrative Psychotherapy Integrative Treatment Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

406. Harford, P. M. (2010). The integrative use of EMDR and clinical hypnosis in the treatment of adults abused as children. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 4(2), 60-75. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.4.2.60.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
The potential benefits of the use of a permissive style of clinical hypnosis as a therapeutic medium to enhance eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) trauma treatment are explored. A comparative review of hypnosis and EMDR is provided, including putative psychophysiological mechanisms for both. A rationale for integrating clinical hypnosis with EMDR treatment is presented. It is suggested that hypnosis primarily enhances the accessibility of traumatic information while EMDR primarily enhances the reprocessing of traumatic information and that accessibility and reprocessing are reciprocal features. The relative and combined merits of hypnosis and EMDR for resource development are discussed. The author proposes that clinical hypnosis may be incorporated into EMDR without necessarily modifying the eight-stage EMDR protocol apart from modifications that are indicated for special conditions. Three case vignettes are used to illustrate the integrative use of clinical hypnosis and EMDR in the treatment of adults who experienced childhood abuse.

Keywords: Abuse ACC Adolescents Children Clinical Hypnosis Complex PTSD Complex Posttraumatic Strress Disorder C-PTSD Integrative Use VMPFC

Accuracy Verified: Yes

407. Affonso, S. D. S. (2012, Novembro). Intervenção do EMDR em uma situação de luto traumático infantil: Vivência de uma criança de seis anos no adoecimento e morte de sua irmã de dois anos vítima de leucemia [EMDR intervention in a situation of childhood traumatic grief: Experiences of a child of six years in the illness and death of her sister two years of leukemia victim]. In EMDR na infância. Apresentação no II Congresso Brasileiro de EMDR, Brasília, Brasil.

Language: Portuguese

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Em uma família com estrutura complexa: a mãe vive há 14 anos durante o dia com o companheiro que é casado com outra mulher (com quem passa as noites) e teve dois filhos desse relacionamento. Importante ressaltar que a mãe vivia nas ruas e teve uma nova chance ao ser acolhida por uma madrinha. A menina, de dois anos, adoeceu e faleceu vítima de leucemia. O menino, de seis anos, passou a apresentar comportamento agressivo na escola, dificuldade de aprendizagem, dispersão e insônia. A madrinha foi quem procurou o EMDR por telefone. Com seis sessões, intercalando atendimentos à mãe e à criança, com uso de EBs auditivos para a mãe e EBs visuais para o segundo, desenhos para ambos, relato de sonhos, e na última sessão com mãe e filho, com o uso de um ritual de despedida com a linha do tempo. Nesta última, contaram sobre as melhoras do menino em dormir e em seu aproveitamento escolar. Aproveitaram para dizer que os sonhos continuavam encaminhados e estavam finalmente começando a dar certo.

In a family with complex structure: the mother lives 14 years ago during the day with a partner who is married to another woman (who spends his nights) and had two children from that relationship. Importantly, the mother lived on the streets and had another chance to be accepted by a sponsor. The girl, two years old, fell ill and died of leukemia. The boy, six years old, began to show aggressive behavior in school, learning difficulties, insomnia and dispersion. The godmother was the one who tried EMDR by phone. With six sessions, alternating visits to the mother and child, using EBs hearing for the mother and for the second visual EBs, drawings for both reporting of dreams, and last sessions with mother and child, with the use of a ritual farewell to the timeline. In the latter, told the boy about the improvements in sleep and in their school. Took the opportunity to say that dreams were still underway and finally starting to go right.

Keywords: Childhood Trauma Family Grief Process

Accuracy Verified: Yes

408. Russell, A., & O'Connor, M. (2002). Interventions for recovery: The use of EMDR with children in a community-based project. In J. Morris-Smith (Ed.), EMDR: Clinical applications with children, Occasional Paper No. 19 (pp. 43-45) London: The Association for Child Psychology and Psychiatry.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
The impact of psychological trauma on the mental health of children is now well documented. There is a growing body of clinical evidence indicating tat EMDR is an effective treatment for a variety of childhood complaints. The authors’ experience of using EMDR with children in the aftermath of a major disaster confirmed its effectiveness and highlighted its applicability to everyday “small trauma.” Drawing on past experience, they have set up a community-based project to provide a range of services for children who have experienced trauma and to investigate the use of EMDR for the enhancement of self-esteem.

Keywords: Children Community-Based Project Occasional Paper

Accuracy Verified: Yes

409. Treadway, D. C. (2008, September). Intimacy and healing: Utilizing EMDR in couples therapy. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Phoenix, AZ.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Many couples struggle with intimacy and sexuality issues, often, due to the harm done to one or both members of the couple by emotional and sexual abuse from their early childhoods. Dr. Treadway, who specializes in working with couples, will discuss how he utilizes adjunctive short term EMDR in his work with couples and their PTSD issues. Treadway will discuss both referring a member of a couple out for EMDR around their trauma issues so that they might have the privacy of a relationship with EMDR specialist, as well as the value of bringing an EMDR therapist into couples therapy as a consultation and piece of work with one or both members of the couple. Although not an EMDR practitioner himself, Dr. Treadway has profound respect for the therapeutic power of EMDR to clear significant trauma and help clients separate their past pain from their present lives and relationships. Dr. Treadway will also discuss how to integrate the deep healing work into the couple’s relationship in order to enhance their experience of a deep, compassionate, loving connection.

Keywords: Couples Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

410. Snyder, M. (1996, December). Intimate partners: A context for the intensification and healing of emotional pain. Women and Therapy, 19(3), 79-92. doi:10.1300/J015v19n03_08.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
A case of a lesbian couple is presented in which one partner experienced early sexual abuse and the other a series of major losses (beginning with the death of her mother) in early childhood. The first partner developed an alcohol addiction and the second a high level of emotional lability and some practices of self-harm. Both partners developed dissociative patterns. The couple is now in a committed relationship and have continued in therapy for the last 9 months, with sessions gradually becoming less frequent. The therapeutic work has included the "externalization" of the problem(s), some individual work within the couple session using Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), and a strong emphasis on the development of empathic skill through the technique of "becoming" the other person. The case reveals the way in which a primary relationship often surfaces intense unresolved feelings and dysfunctional relationship practices, and also the way in which emotional commitment and a structure for the couple becoming therapeutic agents to each other allows for a deep level of healing. The couple comments on their relationship process and the therapeutic process as part of the article. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Americans Case Report Child Abuse Family Therapy Females Homosexuals Incest Interpersonal Interaction Psychiatric Disorders Rape Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

411. Stowasser, J. (2011, August). An introduction to the treatment of domestic violence victims. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Orange County, CA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This cursory presentation may help the clinician recognize domestic violence clients and inspire interest in further training, promoting safer integration of EMDR in the treatment of domestic violence. Definitions, statistics, and examples of domestic violence will be briefly explored. History taking approach regarding exposure in childhood and in adulthood will be touched upon. Assessing the victim’s safety, readiness for treatment, and safer reprocessing will be highlighted. Target selection and the three-pronged approach will be briefly examined. Greater awareness may safeguard their practice with this potentially lethal population.

Keywords: Domestic Violence Victims

Accuracy Verified: Yes

412. Snyker, E. (1998). The invisible volcano: Overcoming denial of rage. In P. Manfield (Ed.), Extending EMDR: A casebook of innovative applications, (1st ed.) (pp. 91-112). New York: W. W. Norton. xii, 292 pp.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
The case in this chapter integrates EMDR and interpretive short-term dynamic therapy as contrasted with cognitive, interpersonal, or existential short-term therapies. I became interested in Davanloo's technique of intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy (ISTDP) after attending a workshop in 1981. Short-term dynamic therapy, which is rooted in psychoanalytic theory, emphasizes brevity, focus, therapist activity, and patient selection. The goal is to effect change in the personality or character structure of the person, not simply alleviate symptoms. The treatment is dynamic in that it emphasizes a single focal issue that serves as a link to core conflicts arising from early life experiences. The transference relationship is used to examine and reexperience important past relationships that account for current difficulties. In addition to dealing with issues of transference and complexity of the case (single versus multi-foci), handling resistance (conscious and unconscious) aimed at avoiding painful affects must be addressed. [Text, p. 91]

Keywords: Adults Americans Anger Anxiety Disorders Brief Psychotherapy Case Report Child Abuse Defense Mechanisms Depressive Disorders Females Life Experiences Psychotherapeutic Processes Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

413. National Council on Disability (2009, March). Invisible wounds: Serving service members and veterans with PTSD and TBI. Author.

Language: English

Format: Publication

Abstract:
More than 1.6 million American service members have deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan in Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF). As of December 2008, more than 4,000 troops have been killed and over 30,000 have returned from a combat zone with visible wounds and a range of permanent disabilities. In addition, an estimated 25-40 percent have less visible wounds--psychological and neurological injuries associated with post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or traumatic brain injury (TBI), which have been dubbed "signature injuries" of the Iraq War. National Council on Disability (NCD) concurs with the recommendations of previous Commissions, Task Forces and national organizations that: (1) A comprehensive continuum of care for mental disorders, including PTSD, and for TBI should be readily accessible by all service members and veterans. This requires adequate staffing and adequate funding of Veterans Administration (VA) and Department of Defense (DoD) health systems; (2) Mechanisms for screening service members for PTSD and TBI should be continuously improved to include baseline testing for all Service Members pre-deployment and follow up testing for individuals that are placed in situations where head trauma may occur; and (3) The current array of mental health and substance abuse services covered by TRICARE should be expanded and brought in line with other similar health plans. As this report indicates, the medical and scientific knowledge needed to comprehensively address PTSD and TBI is incomplete. However, many evidence-based practices do exist. Unfortunately, service members and veterans face a number of barriers in accessing these practices including stigma; inadequate information; insufficient services to support families; limited access to available services, and a shortage of services in some areas. Many studies and commissions have presented detailed recommendations to address these needs. There is an urgent need to implement these recommendations. (Contains 4 exhibits.)

Keywords: Afghanistan Iraq Military Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD TBI Traumatic Brain Injury Veterans

Accuracy Verified: Yes

414. Woller, W. (2004, June). Is there a place for EMDR in the treatment of personality disorders?. In complex traumatisation and EMDR (K. Linder, Chair). Symposium conducted at the EMDR Europe Association annual meeting, Stockholm, Sweden .

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
There is substantial evidence that EMDR is an effective treatment method un posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, comorbid disorders have to be taken into account when treating PTSD with EMDR. Personality disorders are a frequent comorbid disorder of PTSD, and a high prevalence of childhood traumatization has been found in personality disorders as well. Given this background, the paper to be presented discussed (1) modifications and limitations of EMDR technique required for treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder with comorbid personality disorders, and (2) further applications of EMDR in the treatment of personality disorders without PTSD. If comorbid personality disorder is present, EMDR has to be integrated into a complex treatment plan which includes stabilization, symptom control, resource installation, identification of distorted interpersonal perceptions, and modification of maladaptive interpersonal interactions. Because of the central role of generalized negative beliefs in maintaining cyclical maladaptive patterns, EMDR is regarded a valuable tool to modify negative beliefs along with processing traumatic memories and body sensations, Problems of therapeutic alliance due to transference phenomena and acting out can make stabilization difficult and time-consuming. EMDR technique should be subjected to important modifications depending on personality disorder subtype, defence structure and symptomatic comorbidity. Structural dissociations of the personality (e. g., as in dissociative identity disorder) call for a consideration of all ego-sates of the personality system before planning EMDR treatment. In addition to unresolved trauma, current and future interpersonal stressors can be chosen as EMDR targets.

Keywords: Personality Disorders Symposium Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

415. Lustig, S., Smrz, A., Sladen, P., Sellers, T. D., & Hellman, S. (2000, January-February). It takes a village: Caring for a traumatized art student. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 7(5), 290-298. doi:10.3109/hrp.7.5.290.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
One of the fascinating developments in mental health care in the last decade has been the appearance of specific psychotherapies for various psychiatric illnesses. Perhaps the best known of these is dialetical behavior therapy (DBT), pioneered by Linehan and colleagues for borderline personality disorder and consisting of rigorous group and individual cognitive-behavioral therapy within an empathetic and validating psychotherapy setting. Another is eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), described by Shapiro and coworkers as a treatment for PTSD and other anxiety disorders.The following case study involves a patient in a team-treatment setting who benefitted significantly from the use of DBT and EMDR, as well as a complex psychopharmacology regimen, after receiving an extensive battery of psychological tests. The clinicians who were involved with the patient will discuss the aspects of her care for which they were responsible. We do not endeavor to isolate which modality was the "right" one; rather, we are looking at the manner in which each potentiated the others. [Introduction] [Pilots]

Keywords: Borderline Personality Disorder Case Report Child Abuse Cognitive Therapy College Students Drug Therapy European Americans Females Incest Individual Psychotherapy Partial Hospitalization Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Rape Survivors Young Adults

Accuracy Verified: Yes

416. Wildwind, L. (1998, July). It’s never too late to have a happy childhood: Using EMDR to create and install essential experiences. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Baltimore, MD.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Participants will be able to: 1) anticipate and prepare for resistance to EMDR based on the history and symptoms presented; 2) minimize resistance and failure by proper framing and staging of the tasks involved in healing; 3) prepare the client to meet developmental gaps and losses through imaged interventions; 4) create and install appropriate experiential interweaves; and 5) utilize resistance and setbacks to identify successive areas appropriate for experiential interweaves.

Keywords: Experiential Interweave Imaged Interventions Resistance

Accuracy Verified: Yes

417. Fine, C.& Berkowitz, A. (2008, April). The joint use of EMDR and hypnosis in the treatment of DID, DDNOS and complex PTSD. Presentation at the 1st bi-annual European Society for Trauma and Dissociation Conference, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), a chronic childhood onset posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), is currently recognized as a treatable condition. It is considered the paradigmatic dissociative disorder and carries with it extreme posttraumatic symptomatology which lends itself to be an apt target for treatment combining the use of EMDR and hypnosis. Therapists skilled in the treatment of DID and Dissociative Disorder Not otherwise specified (DDNos) have augmented their therapeutic arsenal with the fluent uses of hypnosis for stabilization, affect management, building a safe place and grounding. EMDR, which has come to the forefront of clinical awareness in the last fifteen years, seems well suited for the treatment of trauma, but can be destabilizing. The presenters recommend a protocol, called Wreathing Protocol, for the imbricated use of EMDR and hypnosis in the treatment of not only DID, but also DDNOS and complex chronic PTSD. The Wreathing Protocol is useful to advanced clinicians skilled in both modalities independently. This workshop will explain and illustrate with a clinical vignette the sequential steps of the Wreathing Protocol; it will describe the required contextual treatment frame for its safe use. The presenters will explore the consequences of the premature uses of EMDR and offer planful structured responses to a disequilibrated treatment and a destabilized patient. The clinical implications of the use of the Wreathing Protocol will be discussed. Learning objectives: 1. Name three prohibitions to the use of EMDR in the treatment of dissociative disorders. 2. Exemplify one target symptom of the BASK model of dissociation in the clinical example presented and relate a different one in one of your own patients. 3. Describe a potential multistep Wreathing Protocol sequence from selection of target to resolution of at least one microsymptom in a patient of your choice.

Keywords: Complex PTSD DDNOS DID Dissociative Identity Disorder Dissociative Disorder Not Otherwise Specified Hypnosis

Accuracy Verified: Yes

418. Churchill, M. A. (2000, January 7). Junk science invades psychiatry. Detroit, MI: Detroit Free Press.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
This psychiatrist tries to cure mental illness with eye wiggles. He says memory of childhood abuse is stored in the hips, elbows and toes. And he wants to bill health insurers for his services, the same as other medical doctors, a concept called "parity."

Keywords: Detroit General Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

419. Lovett, J. M. (2000). Kleine wunder [Small wonders]. Paderborn: Junfermann.

Language: German

Format: Book

Abstract:
Traumatische Erlebnisse, wie sie bei Kindern häufig vorkommen, können die normale gesunde Entwicklung der Betreffenden, ihre Selbstachtung und das Zusammenleben ihrer Familien stark belasten. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) ist ein umfassender therapeutischer Ansatz, der Patienten in kurzer Zeit hilft, belastende Gedanken und Emotionen, die durch traumatische Erlebnisse entstanden sind, aufzulösen. Traumatisch wirken im allgemein akzeptierten Sinne Mißbrauchs- oder Mißhandlungserlebnisse, Naturkatastrophen und Gewalttätigkeit, doch können Kinder auch viel harmlosere Vorgänge als sehr bedrohlich erfahren. Ein Unfall auf dem Spielplatz, der Verlust eines sehr nahestehenden Menschen oder Probleme in der Schule schockieren ein Kind oft viel stärker als einen Erwachsenen. Außerdem können solche Vorfälle bewirken, daß sich ein Kind hilflos und machtlos fühlt, ängstlich wird und belastende Verhaltensprobleme entwickelt. Das Buch Kleine Wunder befaßt sich auf sehr ansprechende und eingehende Weise mit den Möglichkeiten therapeutischer EMDR-Arbeit mit Kindern. Das Buch wendet sich an Eltern, die sich Sorgen darum machen, wie ihre Kinder ein gewisses grundlegendes Vertrauen entwickeln können, außerdem an Erwachsene, die sich damit beschäftigen wollen, wie die Geschehnisse in ihrer Kindheit ihr Selbstbild geprägt haben, und an Therapeuten, die mehr über EMDR sowie auch darüber erfahren wollen, wie diese Methode auf die besonderen Bedürfnisse traumatisierter Kinder abgestimmt werden kann.

Traumatic experiences, such as occur frequently in children, can pollute the normal healthy development of the individuals themselves, their self-esteem and the coexistence of their families strong. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a comprehensive therapeutic approach that patients in a short time helps to resolve stressful thoughts and emotions that are caused by traumatic experiences. Traumatic effect in the generally accepted meaning abuse or maltreatment experiences, natural disasters and violence, but children can also learn much more harmless activities as very threatening. An accident on the playground, the loss of a very loved one or problems at school to shock a child often much stronger than an adult. Furthermore, such incidents have the effect that a child feels helpless and powerless, anxious and is developed incriminating behavior problems. Small wonder the book deals in a very appealing and detailed way with the possibilities of therapeutic EMDR work with children. This book is for parents who are worried about how their children can develop some basic trust, also for adults who want to deal with how the events have shaped her childhood her self-image, and therapists, the more about EMDR, and also about to learn how this method can be adapted to the special needs of traumatized children.

Keywords: Children Stressors Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

420. Samec, J. R., & Ekstrom, B.-M. M. (2006, April). Korttids gruppterapi anpassad att möta utvecklingsspecifika behov hos traumatiserade flyktingungdomar [Short term group therapy for traumatized refugee children]. Matrix: Nordisk Tidsskrift for Psykoterapi, 23(1), 73-88.

Language: Swedish

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Getraumatiseerde vluchtelingen en allochtone jongeren hebben specifieke ontwikkelingsbehoeften. Om te voldoen aan de ontwikkelingsbehoeften in behandeling, om methoden te wijzigen op korte termijn groepstherapie voor getraumatiseerde kinderen van vluchtelingen, zoals beschreven door Angel-Poblete (1995) worden gepresenteerd. De methoden zijn oefeningen die de vijf zintuigen te stimuleren, om de interventies omgaan met 'acting out', en een ontspanningsoefening ontwikkeld op basis van Eye Movement Desensibilisatie and Reprocessing (EMDR) - die allemaal worden beoefend in het kader van een nauwe samenwerking met ouders en school personeel. Deze presentatie is gebaseerd op het werk met dertien groepen van deelnemers (N = 98) van beide geslachten en uit verschillende landen, 16-20 jaar oud (mediane leeftijd van 17 jaar oud). De theoretische basis, planning, uitvoering en de resultaten worden beschreven. Evaluaties met de deelnemers en school personeel, alsmede de reacties van de ouders, geven positieve therapeutische resultaten. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, alle rechten voorbehouden)

Traumatized refugee and immigrant adolescents have specific developmental needs. To meet those developmental needs in treatment, methods to modify the short term group therapy for traumatized refugee children as described by Angel-Poblete (1995) are presented. The methods are exercises that stimulate the five senses, interventions to deal with acting out, and a relaxation exercise developed from Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) - all of which are practiced within the framework of close cooperation with parents and school personnel. This presentation is based on the work with thirteen groups of participants (N = 98) of both sexes and from different countries, 16-20 years old (median age of 17 years old). The theoretical basis, planning, execution, and results are described. Evaluations with the participants and school personnel, as well as the reactions of the parents, indicate positive therapeutic results. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Adolescent Development Childhood Development Empirical Study Group Psychotherapy Immigration Quantitative Study Refugees Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

421. Gurel, D. (2010). Kronik aðrý tedavisinde güncel bir psikoterapotik yaklaþým: Göz hareketleri ile duyarsýzlaþtýrma ve yeniden yapýlandýrma [Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in treatment of chronic pain as a contemporary psychotherapeutic approach]. Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi, 13(1), 36-41.

Language: Turkish

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Klinik psikoloji alanında ağrıya ilişkin çalışmalar son yıllarda gittikçe artmaktadır. Önceleri kronik ağrının psikolojik boyutlarına yönelik model oluşturmaya ağırlık verilirken daha sonraları tedaviye yönelik psikoterapotik yaklaşımların geliştirilmesine odaklanılmıştır. 1987 yılında Klinik Psikolog olan Francine SHAPİRO, istemli ve sistematik olarak yapılan göz hareketlerinin, olumsuz ve rahatsız edici düşüncelerin yoğunluğunu azalttığı tezinden hareketle Göz Hareketleri ile Duyarsızlaştırma ve Yeniden Yapılandırma-Eye Movement Desensitization and Repocessing (EMDR) tekniğini geliştirmiş. İki yıl boyunca etkinliğini araştırmak üzere çalışmalar yapmıştır. EMDR ilk olarak, savaş stresi, taciz, doğal afetler veya çocukluk döneminde yaşanan üzücü olaylar gibi rahatsız edici yaşam deneyimlerinin neden olduğu duygusal sorunların iyileştirilmesinde kullanılmıştır. Daha sonraları fobi, performans kaygısı, panik bozukluk, beden algısı bozukluğu, çocuklardaki travma belirtileri, yas, dermatolojik bozukluklar, fantom organ ağrısı ve en son olarak da kronik ağrı tedavisinde kullanılmış oldukça çarpıcı sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Aşağıdaki yazıda ülkemizde henüz yeni yeni yaygınlaşan bu tekniğin tedavi rasyoneli ve uygulaması hakkında kısa bir bilgi sunulmaktadır. Özünü bilgi işleme yaklaşımlarından ve davranışın nöropsikolojik temellerinden alan EMDR Tekniğin in kronik ağrıyı açıklanma biçiminin zenginliği yanı sıra tedavideki sıra dışı başarısının önümüzdeki yıllarda psikoterapi alanında daha çok ilgi yaratacağı düşünülmektedir.

Psychological treatment studies in pain disorders have greatly increased in recent years. The focus was first on the development of theories and models related to chronic pain. However, main focus has been on the development of therapeutic approaches which are effective in the treatment of chronic pain. In 1987, Clinical Psychologist Francine Shapiro developed the novel Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR ) technique based on the idea that voluntary and systematic eye movements could effectively decrease the intensity of negative and disturbing thoughts and has since then been undertaking research on the topic. EMDR was first used in post-travmatic stres disorders as a result of wars, rape, earthquake and childhood abuse to deal with the emotional disturbaunces of problematic life experiences. It later started to encompass phobias, performance anxiety, panic attacks, body-image disorders, trauma symptoms in children bereavement, skin diseases, phantom limb pains and lastly chronic pain treatment with striking results. This paper consists of brief information on the underlying principles and application procedures of EMDR. This technique is mainly based on both information processing and neuropsychological approaches. EMDR has comprehensive approaches to explain the reasons for chronic pain. It seems most likely that the technique will prove widespread to be of great interest within the area of psychotherapies.

Keywords: Chronic Pain Pain Disorders Pain Psychotherapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

422. Ziveri, D. (2002). L'efficacia dell‘EMDR nella psicoterapia del PTSD e dei ricordi traumatici: Valutazione delle risposte del potenziale elettrodermico (SPR) attraverso il biofeedback [The effectiveness of EMDR psychotherapy on PTSD and traumatic memories: Assessing the potential electrodermal responses (SPR) through biofeedback]. WWW.Psicotraumatologia.com, Pubblicazioni in linguia italiana..

Language: Italian

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Nel XXI secolo per la prima volta l'uomo avrà il potere di plasmare la Terra che desidera, costruire edifici alti come montagne e navi capaci di portarlo nello spazio, mettere insieme macchine intelligenti, sconfiggere molte malattie e cambiare se stesso intervenendo sui geni. A queste visioni ottimistiche (rassicuranti?) del futuro risponde la realtà del nuovo millennio: situazione ecologica planetaria prossima al collasso, panico ad occidente e disperazione a Sud. Vi sono circa 50 guerre in atto nel mondo con milioni di morti quasi tutti civili e colonne di profughi in fuga, nuovi pericoli terroristici e rilancio delle armi atomiche e dell'industria bellica. Ci sembra che tutto questo accada altrove, al di là di uno schermo televisivo; ma se oggi anche i problemi sono globalizzati allora allarmi ed appelli alla giustizia, alla pace ed alla solidarietà sono rivolti ad ogni coscienza. Particolarmente attente dovrebbero essere le menti di politici e scienziati di ogni parte del mondo. Particolarmente sensibili alle tematiche in questione dovrebbero essere le professioni d'aiuto. Dobbiamo chiederci cosa succeda alle vittime del potere di pochi. “E poi so bene: tutto ciò che si affonda in noi, come un mucchio di pietrame, finché dura la guerra, si ridesterà un giorno a guerra finita, e allora comincerà la resa dei conti, per la vita e per la morte.” (Niente di nuovo sul fronte occidentale, Erich Maria Remarque, 1929). Nella tradizione rileviamo un'attenzione quasi esclusiva per l’organismo e per le lesioni fisiche dell'uomo colpito dalla violenza. Il passo in avanti 6 consiste nel superare l'attenzione esclusiva al corpo per occuparsi anche delle ferite psichiche, altrettanto gravi e profonde di quelle fisiche. Se il termine psicologia significa nella sua origine greca "discorso sull'anima" ad indicare la ricerca della conoscenza del comportamento e dell'animo umano, esso indica oggi una disciplina sempre più attenta al suo essere scientifica. Tuttavia non dobbiamo disgiungere la scientificità della ricerca dall'utilità dell'intervento clinico, fine ultimo della professione. Il lavoro che vado presentando nasce da una riflessione sulla capacità della psicologia di fornire risposte concrete a situazioni complesse ed altrimenti difficili per ogni uomo. Ogni violenza, dai lontani scenari di guerra a quelli domestici di abuso, è un'immane tragedia: la ricerca sul disturbo post-traumatico da stress (PTSD) e gli interessanti e promettenti risultati di tecniche terapeutiche come l'Eyes Movements Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) meritano perciò molta attenzione. Si ricordi che nel 1987 il primo studio della dott.sa Francine Shapiro, scopritrice di tale metodo, aiutò proprio una vittima della guerra del Vietnam. Questo caso oltre a gettare le basi per le successive ricerche controllate su tale terapia innovativa e a permetterne lo sviluppo, lasciò intravedere una speranza per le molte vittime dei conflitti armati e della violenza. L’EMDR si presenta come una buona risposta rapida ed efficace, la più efficace secondo alcune valutazioni meta-analitiche, all’insorgenza del PTSD per la risoluzione di eventi non elaborati. Non stiamo parlando di una panacea indistinta per tutti i casi in ogni condizione. Tuttavia le sue caratteristiche di brevità (in circostanze favorevoli), di buoni risultati, di integrazione tra diversi approcci ed il carattere non invasivo, ne fanno un candidato ideale come strumento d’elezione per il PTSD. 7 Dato quindi l’alto potenziale presentato dalla metodica in ambito clinico, la ricerca si pone come assolutamente necessaria e le prove sperimentali come essenziali. Queste alfine sono le considerazioni da cui muove l’intero percorso sperimentale qui esposto. Vorrei testimoniare con questo lavoro l’affetto verso i miei genitori. Ringrazio l’equipe che sta conducendo questa ricerca: il relatore prof. Roberto Anchisi, il correlatore prof. Roberto Guzzi, il correlatore dott. Michele Giannantonio e l’Associazione Emdr per l’Italia, specialmente la dott.sa Isabel Fernandez, nonché i valutatori indipendenti. Ringrazio di cuore tutte le persone a me vicine che mi hanno aiutato, Diego per la correzione delle bozze, il dott. Davide Gerevini perché è un amico e per il suo paziente aiuto. Non dimenticherò mai Capitan Max, l'imprevedibile Davide e Valentina, le persone più speciali che abbia incontrato durante questo corso di laurea.

In the twenty first century man has the power to shape the earth he wants to build tall buildings like mountains and ships able to carry it into space, putting together intelligent machines, overcome many diseases and change himself by acting on genes. These optimistic views (reassuring?) Of the future meets the reality of the new millennium: global ecological situation close to collapse, panic and despair in the south west there are about 50 wars taking place in the world with millions of dead civilians and almost all columns of refugees fleeing new dangers of terrorism and revival of atomic weapons and war industry. It seems that this happens elsewhere, beyond the television screen, but if the problems today are globalized, then alarms and calls for justice, peace and solidarity are addressed to all consciousness. Should be particularly attentive minds of politicians and scientists all over the world. Particularly sensitive to these themes should be the helping professions. We must ask ourselves what happens to victims of the power of a few. "And then I know: all that sinks in us, like a pile of stones, as long the war lasts, you awaken one day after the war, and then begin the reckoning for the life and death." (All Quiet on the Western Front, Erich Maria Remarque, 1929). In tradition we find an almost exclusive to the body and the human suffering personal injury from violence. The sixth step is to overcome the exclusive attention to the body to deal also with psychic wounds, serious and profound as those of individuals. If the word psychology in its Greek origin means "soul talk" to indicate the search for knowledge of the behavior and the human soul, it now shows a discipline increasingly attentive to its being scientific. But we must not separate the scientific research of clinical utility of the intervention, the ultimate goal of the profession. The work that I presented comes from a reflection on the ability of psychology to provide practical answers to complex situations and otherwise difficult for everyone. All violence, far from war scenarios to domestic abuse, is a great tragedy: the research on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the interesting and promising results of therapeutic techniques such as desensitization and reprocessing Eyes Movements ( EMDR) deserve so much attention. Remember that in 1987 the first study of dott.sa Francine Shapiro, discoverer of that method, he helped his victim of the Vietnam War. This case as well as lay the groundwork for subsequent research on that check and allow the development of innovative therapy, suggests a hope for many victims of armed conflicts and violence. EMDR is as good a rapid and effective response, the most effective according to some meta-analytic assessments, the occurrence of PTSD for the resolution of events not processed. We're not talking about a vague panacea for all cases in all conditions. However, the characteristics of brevity (under favorable circumstances), good results of integration between different non-invasive approaches and make it an ideal candidate as a tool of choice for PTSD. 7 Since then the high potential of the method presented in the clinical setting, the research is absolutely necessary and the tests as essential. These are the considerations which finally moves the entire experimental process outlined here. I would witness this job affection to my parents. I thank the team that is conducting this research: the advisor prof. Roberto Anchises, the co-professor. Roberto Guzzi, the co-Dr. Michael Giannantonio EMDR and the Association for Italy, especially dott.sa Isabel Fernandez, as well as independent evaluators. I warmly thank all the people close to me who helped me, Diego for proofreading, Dr. David Gerevini because he is a friend and for his patient help. I will never forget Captain Max, David and Valentina unpredictable, the most special people I have met during this course.

Keywords: Biofeedback Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD SPR Treatment Efficacy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

423. Gambuzza, C. (2008, Novembre). L'EMDR in un trauma complesso di PN-PTSD e abuso [EMDR in a complex PN-PTSD trauma and abuse]. Poster presentato al Applicazioni Cliniche dell'EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Propongo il caso di S. perché il PN-PTSD è poco diagnosticato e perché, attraverso una variante tecnica al floatback, il floatback-floatforward sulla timeline, sono riuscita ad aggirare la dissociazione post traumatica, a identificare i vari alter dissociati e a integrarli nella persona con l’uso del protocollo standard dell’EMDR. A sedici anni S. fu portata in studio dai genitori che l’avevano sorpresa a inalare i fumi dell’eroina; oggi ha diciotto anni e non si droga più da quel giorno. Guardandole le braccia piene di cicatrici mi resi conto che S. ricorreva alla pratica dell’autolesionismo, ma i genitori non se ne accorgevano. Qual era il segreto custodito gelosamente dalla famiglia? La storia di S. si articola intorno a due traumi: il PN-PTSD e l’abuso. Dal trauma perinatale e dalla percezione in utero degli stati emotivi depressivi della madre sono scaturiti disturbi nell’attaccamento e, per la mancanza di mirroring e di sintonizzazione affettiva, sono falliti i processi d’internalizzazione che portano all’identità. S. era consapevole del trauma dell’abbandono ma non dell’abuso, che definiva come un “pozzo nero impenetrabile”. Per affrontare il trauma che minacciava la sopravvivenza, S. faceva ricorso in maniera invasiva a un meccanismo di coping: la dissociazione dell’oggetto e del Sé. Mettere in un alter l’abuso consentiva a S. di mantenere l’attaccamento ai membri della propria famiglia che avevano abusato di lei o attivamente, o passivamente con la complicità del silenzio. Usando la scala Des non ho riscontrato risultati significativi sulla dissociazione, invece con la SCID-LIST ho rilevato valori alti. L’autolesionismo può rappresentare l’odio per il corpo che ha subito l’abuso senza ribellarsi, o, come dice S., “un modo per punirsi della colpa di esistere o di infliggersi una sofferenza fisica per coprire l’angoscia di morte”. L’EMDR ha rappresentato la sfida.

Propose the case of S. because the PN-PTSD is poorly diagnosed and because, through a variant technique to floatback the floatback-floatforward on the timeline, I managed to circumvent the Post traumatic dissociation, to identify the various alter-differentiated and integrate them in person using the standard EMDR protocol. At sixteen, S. was brought to the study by parents who had found to inhale the fumes of heroin; Today is eighteen years and not more drugs that day. Looking at the arms full of scars I realized that St. resorted to the practice of self, but the parents did not noticed. What was the secret guarded jealously by the family? The story of St. focuses on two traumas: the PN-PTSD and abuse. Since perinatal trauma and perception of emotional states of depression in the uterus of the mother are resulting in attachment disorders and the lack of mirroring and affective attunement, failed processes of internalization that lead to identity. S. was aware of the trauma of abandonment but not the abuse, which defined as a "well impenetrable black. To deal with the trauma that threatened the survival, S. was used in an invasive manner coping mechanism: the dissociation of object and self. Putting an alter abuse allowed S. to maintain the attachment to family members who had abused her or actively, or passively with the complicity of silence. Using the scale Des I have not found significant results on the dissociation, but with the SCID-LIST I observed high values. The SIB may represent the hatred of the body that has suffered abuse without rebelling, or, as Saint, "a way to punish a fault to exist or to inflict physical pain cover the anguish of death." EMDR has been the challenge.

Keywords: Complex PTSD Poster

Accuracy Verified: Yes

424. Puliatti, M. (2008, Novembre). L'EMDR nel trattamento del dolore uro-genitale [EMDR in the treatment of uro-genital pain]. Presentazione le Applicazioni Cliniche del EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
La rilevazione di disturbi uro-ginecologici è in costante crescita, è ciò probabilmente a causa della maggiore attenzione che i clinici dimostrano nei confronti di disturbi variegatati, a volte quasi impalpabili, ma che possono anche dimostrarsi invalidanti. Oltre al vaginismo e alla dispareunia, ben noti nella letteratura scientifica da decenni, crescente interesse stanno dimostrando disturbi come la cistite interstiziale, il dolore pelvico e la vulvodinia. Complessivamente considerati, la componente psicosomatica di tali disturbi viene abbondantemente confermata dalla letteratura. A prescindere dagli approcci più chiaramente monolaterali e riduttivi, si nota nella letteratura un interesse consolidato per una terapia che sia per definizione integrata: ginecologica/riabilitativa, psicoeducazionale, sessuologica e psicoterapeutica. L’EMDR si propone in questo ambito clinico come uno strumento di straordinaria versatilità, potendo infatti intervenire sia a livello delle cause remote (eventi stressanti/traumatici, educazione sessuale distorta, etc.), che delle contingenze attuali che mantengono o peggiorano la sintomatologia, offrendo inoltre la possibilità di intervenire direttamente sia sul dolore inteso come sintomo, che sugli scenari futuri connotati negativamente dalla paziente, che frequentemente sono connessi alla percezione del dolore stesso. Infine, si rivela di particolare utilità nel caso in cui il dolore sia correlato a difficoltà relazionali caratterizzate da scarsa assertività. Nell’ambito del Workshop verranno approfondite le seguenti tematiche: • Diagnosi differenziale tra i differenti tipi di dolore uro-ginecologico. • Valutazione dell’eziologia multifattoriale: cause biologiche, psicosessuali, relazionali e presenza di eventi traumatici. • Ruolo dell’abuso sessuale. • Meccanismi psicofisiologici nell’insorgenza dei disturbi: il ruolo della tensione muscolare. • Caratteristiche psicologiche della donna che presenta dolore uro-ginecologico. • Strumenti di screening psicodiagnostico. • Cenni sulle principali strategie di valutazione e di intervento uro-ginecologiche e farmacologiche • Pianificazione e fasi del trattamento con l’EMDR, e loro integrazione con differenti approcci psicoterapeutici: aree di indagine, aspetti psicoeducazionali, tecniche sessuologiche specifiche, target caratteristici, l’utilizzo dell’EMDR nelle differenti fasi del trattamento.

The detection of uro-gynecological disorders is growing, this is probably due to the increased attention that clinicians demonstrate against variegatati disorders, sometimes almost intangible, but can also prove crippling. In addition to vaginismus and dyspareunia, well known in the scientific literature for decades, are showing increasing interest in disorders such as interstitial cystitis, pelvic pain and vulvodynia. Overall, the psychosomatic component of these disorders is abundantly confirmed by the literature. Apart from unilateral and reductionist approaches more clearly, there is a vested interest in literature for a treatment that is by definition integrated: gynecological / rehabilitation, psycho-educational, sexology and psychotherapy. EMDR is proposed in this clinical setting as an instrument of extraordinary versatility, allowing it to intervene at the level of remote causes (stressful events / trauma, distorted sex education, etc..) That the current quotas that maintain or worsen the symptoms, offering the possibility to intervene directly understood as a symptom is pain, which adversely on future scenarios of patient characteristics, which are frequently associated with pain perception itself. Finally, it proves particularly useful in cases where the pain is related to interpersonal difficulties characterized by lack of assertiveness. As part of the workshop will examine the following issues: • Differential diagnosis between different types of pain, uro-gynecology. • Evaluation multifactorial etiology: biological, psychosexual, relationship and presence of traumatic events. • Role of sexual abuse. • psychophysiological mechanisms in the onset of the disorder: the role of muscle tension. • Psychological characteristics of women with uro-gynecological pain. • psycho-diagnostic screening tools. • Work on the main strategies for assessment and intervention uro-gynecological and pharmacological • Planning and stages of treatment with EMDR, and their integration with different psychotherapeutic approaches: areas of inquiry, psychoeducational aspects, technical sexological specific target features, using EMDR in different stages of treatment.

Keywords: Urogenital Pain

Accuracy Verified: Yes

425. Binatti, C., & Sterpone, R. (2000, Novembre). L'EMDR nell'ambulatorio per l'enuresi di un ospedale infantile [EMDR outpatient department for enuresis in children's hospital]. Presentazione le Applicazioni Cliniche del EMDR Congresso Nazionale, Milano, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Da diverso tempo il Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche in Età Pediatrica e la S.O.S. di Psicologia dell’Ospedale Infantile dell’Azienda Ospedaliera Nazionale di Alessandria “Santi Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo” collaborano nel trattamento dell’enuresi in età evolutiva, mediante associazione di intervento medico/farmacologico e di psicoterapia ad orientamento cognitivo-comportamentale. La decisione di costruire e progettare uno spazio comune in questo ambito è stata presa dopo alcune considerazioni nate dall’esperienza nel trattamento di questo disturbo: da anni l’ambulatorio di Urologia si occupa della diagnostica e della terapia dell’incontinenza, come da molto tempo si osservano innumerevoli casi di bambini con enuresi, che richiedono un sostegno presso il Servizio di Psicologia. In questo tipo di intervento è stato inserito anche l’EMDR al fine di favorire la riprocessazione delle esperienze dolorose legate al problema.

For some time the Department of Surgical Sciences in children and SOS Children's Hospital of Psychology of the Hospital of Alexandria National Saints Biagio and Anthony and Caesar Henry "collaborate in the treatment dell'enuresi in childhood, through association of medical / pharmacological and cognitive-behavioral approach to psychotherapy. The decision to design and build a common space in this area was made after some considerations arising from the experience in treating this disorder: years of surgery Urology deals with the diagnosis and treatment of incontinence, as long observed countless cases of children with enuresis, which require support from the Psychology Service. In this type of intervention is also included in EMDR to facilitate the reprocessing of painful experiences related to the problem.

Keywords: Children Enuresis

Accuracy Verified: Yes

426. Lovett, J. M. (2000). La curacion del trauma infantil mediante DRMO ( EMDR) [Small wonders: Healing childhood trauma with EMDR]. Barcelona: Paidós Ibérica.

Language: Spanish

Format: Book

Abstract:
Un libro para padres y profesionales sobre el uso de la desensibilización y reprocesamiento del movimiento ocular en el tratamiento de los niños que sufren las consecuencias de eventos traumáticos.

A book for parents and professionals about the use of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in treating children suffering the consequences of traumatic events.

Keywords: Children Stressors Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

427. Seijo, N. (2011, Julio). La distorsion de la imagen corporal en TCA y EMDR [The distortion of body image in eating disorders and EMDR]. En Aplicación de EMDR en el tratamiento de distintos trastornos (Francisca García Guerrero, Coordinadora). Simposio realizado en el IX Congreso Nacional de Psicología Clínica, San Sebastián, España.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Los trastornos de la conducta alimenticia (TCA), entre los cuales está la anorexia y la bulimia nerviosas, constituyen un problema de salud emergente que tiene un fuerte impacto en nuestra sociedad. La problemática de estos trastornos es tan variada y multifactorial que exige una atención y actuación que incluya los aspectos clínicos, familiares, pero también culturales, sociales y especialmente, educativos. Nos encontramos ante un síndrome diagnóstico de origen complejo y afectación multidimensional, cuyo tratamiento debe ser capaz de llegar desde la superficie al fondo de su etiología. Todo lo que nos han dicho que somos y como nos han dicho que somos se vincula a nuestra imagen, detrás de esto hay todo un significado que en las personas con TCA cobra una relevancia mayor porque se acaba convirtiendo en el centro de sus vidas alrededor de lo que giran, de lo que proyectan sus dolor, su falta de conexión con el mundo y en lo que se acaba convirtiendo en su mundo distorsionado. Los elementos de trabajo que aparecen en el tratamiento de personas con TCA son el deseo de delgadez, el control y la vergüenza, TCC, reacciones defensivas condicionadas, imagen corporal, dificultades de apego, maltrato físico, sexual, negligencia, disociación, descontrol de los impulsos, TCA como anestesia emocional, automutilaciones, necesidad de límites, etiquetas, personaje, figura masculina de apego, familias disfuncionales, etc. (Quílez, 2009). Los profesionales que trabajan con TCA disponen en el EMDR de un modelo psicológico capaz de dar una respuesta eficaz a estos pacientes. El objetivo de esta comunicación es el explicar como se puede trabajar con EMDR para poder tomar conciencia de unos de las partes mas nucleares en el trabajo de los TCA como es la toma de conciencia del cuerpo real y llegar a la aceptación del mismo.

The feeding behavior disorders (ED), one of which is anorexia and bulimia nervosa, are an emerging health problem that has a strong impact on our society. The problem of these disorders is as varied and multifactorial requiring attention and action, including the clinical, family, but also cultural, social and especially educational. We are facing a syndrome diagnosis of complex origin and multidimensional impairment, its treatment should be able to reach from the surface to the bottom of its etiology. All you have told us that we are and how we have been told that we are linking our image, behind this there is a whole meaning that people with TCA charges a higher relevance because it ends up turning into the center of their lives around so they spin, what project their pain, their lack of connection to the world and when it eventually becomes distorted your world. Work items that appear in the treatment of patients with eating disorders are the desire for thinness, control and shame, TCC, conditioned defensive reactions, body image, attachment difficulties, abuse physical, sexual, neglect, dissociation, poor impulse control, emotional eating disorders as anesthesia, self-mutilation, need for limits, labels, character, male figure of attachment, dysfunctional families, etc.. (Quílez, 2009). Professionals working with eating disorders have the EMDR model psychologically able to respond effectively to these patients. The objective of this communication is to explain how EMDR can work with in order to make awareness of some of the most nuclear parts of the TCA work as awareness of the real body and reach acceptance.

Keywords: Eating Disorders Symposium

Accuracy Verified: Yes

428. Castello, A. L. G. & Zampieri, A, M. F., & Padua, E. A. (2010, Junio). La experiencia de trabajar con el protocolo integrante del grupo con grupos de niños en los desastres [The experience of working with the protocol team member with groups of children in disasters.]. Ponencia presentada en el XI Congreso Internacional de Estrés Traumático y Trastornos de Ansiedad, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Language: Spanish

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Trabajo con grupos de niños en Institución Social - PGI- EMDR; Trauma infantil y EMDR, Psicodrama. La articulación del trabajo metodológico en el psicodrama y EMDR, en el procesamiento del trauma de parto y fobias múltiples durante la formación de la matriz de identidad

Working with groups of children in social institution - PGI-EMDR, childhood trauma and EMDR, psychodrama. The articulation of methodological work in psychodrama and EMDR, processing the trauma of birth and multiple phobias during the formation of the identity matrix [The experience of Working with the protocol team member with groups of children in disasters. Working with groups of children in social institution - PGI-EMDR, childhood trauma and EMDR, psychodrama. The articulation of methodological work in psychodrama and EMDR, processing the trauma of birth and multiple phobias During the formation of the identity matrix]

Keywords: Birth Trauma Children Disasters Psychodrama

Accuracy Verified: Yes

429. Giard, M. (2009, May). La guérison, par l’EMDR, des femmes abusées sexuellement durant l’enfance [Women healing childhood sexual abuse with EMDR]. Presentation at the EMDR Canada Conference, Vancouver, British Columbia Canada .

Language: French

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Do you recognize the signs that a survivor of childhood sexual abuse may not be able to talk about the abuse and yet may be suffering from it? What are some of the risks that a survivor of childhood sexual abuse may encounter when using EMDR? During this workshop you will understand how the brain stores trauma—freeze, fight, flight responses—with an emphasis on dissociation and hypervigilance as coping mechanisms. The second part of the workshop will include practicing with EMDR and alternating techniques such as anchorage, strength-building (Tomlinson, 2008), remembering and healing childhood sexual abuse.

Keywords: Childhood Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

430. Tofani, L. R. (2006, March). Le famiglie cosiddette multiproblematiche. Trauma e intervento integrato con EMDR [The so-called multiproblematic family. Trauma and intervention integrated with EMDR]. Terapia Familiare, 80, 35-59.

Language: Italian

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Famiglie multiproblematiche sono un obiettivo difficile per qualsiasi approccio terapeutico a causa della rilevanza delle esperienze traumatiche per tutti i membri della famiglia. Essi vengono sostituiti con maltrattamenti, uso di sostanze o altri comportamenti illeciti, abusi sessuali e il problema principale è quello di superare i danni di attaccamento disorganizzato e per interrompere il ciclo della violenza psicosociale e trascuratezza. Nell'esempio riportato, terapia familiare sistemi indirizzata alla realtà ecologica di queste famiglie è stato integrato con EMDR, un approccio metodologico specifico per traumi, e questo ha rafforzato i risultati attesi solo con la terapia familiare. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, tutti i diritti riservati)

Multiproblem families are a difficult target for any therapeutic approach because of the high relevance of traumatic experiences for all family members. They are overridden with maltreatment, substance use or other illegal behavior, sexual abuse and the main problem is to overcome damage from disorganized attachment and to interrupt the cycle of psychosocial violence and child neglect. In the example reported, family systems therapy addressed to the ecological reality of these families has been integrated with EMDR, a methodological approach specific for trauma, and this has strengthened the expected outcome using only family therapy. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Family Members Family Therapy Family Integrated Services Intervention Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

431. Leeds, A. (2006, September). Learning to feel good about positive emotions with the positive affect tolerance and integration protocol. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Philadelphia, PA.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Survivors of profound early childhood emotional neglect and abuse often experience shared positive emotional states as aversive. For such survivors, these states are unfamiliar and may be associated with formative experiences of being ignored, shamed or hurt. Concepts from attachment theory, Putnam’s discrete behavioral states model and McCullough’s affect phobia, provide the foundation for the Positive Affect Tolerance and Integration Protocol. Standard EMDR procedural steps increase tolerance for an integration of positive emotional states and develop a more resilient and positive self-concept. Case examples illustrate criteria and potential benefits of this approach with the aim of encouraging further research.

Keywords: Affect Tolerance and Integration Protocol

Accuracy Verified: Yes

432. Leeds, A. (2007, September). Learning to feel good about positive emotions with the positive affect tolerance and integration protocol. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Dallas, TX.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Positive Affect Tolerance and Integration Protocol

Accuracy Verified: Yes

433. Parrett, B. (1996, June). Legal abuse in family court/RX, EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Keywords: Family Court Legal

Accuracy Verified: Yes

434. Montgomery, R. (1994). Letters. Monitor on Psychology, 25(12), 2.

Language: English

Format: Magazine

Abstract:
Letters to the editor discuss the following: EMDR controversies; substance abuse training for psychologists; support for public television; violence as a public health issue; use of the words "males" and "females"; contact information in the Monitor; prescription privileges for psychologists; television violence and its effects on children; and psychology and managed care. This author is responding critically to the content of: Azar, B. (1995, October). Research documents the success of EMDR. Monitor on Psychology, 11(10), 11

Keywords: Controversy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

435. Noga, S. (2001, May 14). Letters: EMDR not hypnosis. Detroit, MI: The Detroit News, No Dot, Letters, 08A.

Language: English

Format: Newspaper

Abstract:
I am a practitioner of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). The writer evidently knows little if anything about EMDR as she claims it is "hypnotic" and leaves clients open to suggestions (of sexual abuse) during the procedure. During the use of EMDR, clients make their own associations to their own thoughts and feelings. It is not the therapists' place to make suggestions of any kind regarding a person's history during the use of EMDR. Further, EMDR is not a hypnotic method.

Keywords: Detroit General Overview

Accuracy Verified: Yes

436. Leeds, A. M. (1998). Lifting the burden of shame: Using EMDR resource installation to resolve a therapeutic impasse. In P. Manfield (Ed.), Extending EMDR: A casebook of innovative applications, (1st ed.) (pp. 256-281). New York: W. W. Norton.

Language: English

Format: Book Section

Abstract:
With Meredith, what had seemed an insurmountable impasse using a standard PTSD protocol had become amenable to significant resolution when addressed with a non-standard protocol. The key to this approach was to install multiple positive resources without deliberately activating the distressing emotions and associations of a specific, disturbing memory or current stimuli. I have coined the phrase "EMDR resource installation" to describe this protocol. I have since used this approach with other challenging clients who have childhood histories of significant failures of attachment with their primary caregivers. In these cases, their histories and current functioning led me to conclude that their capacity for self-soothing and affect modulation was not yet developed to the point where they could tolerate directly targeting distressing memories using the standard EMDR protocol. [Text, pp. 276-277]

Keywords: Adults Case Report Child Abuse Defense Mechanisms Diseases Females Neglect Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

437. Cohen, A. (2012, May). A long-term grief counseling group for adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse. Saint Mary’s College of California, Moraga, CA. 1514521.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
The purpose of this project was to propose a long-term, theoretically sound and research supported person-centered grief counseling group for adult women who were sexually abused as children. A review of the literature indicated that child abuse survivors can benefit from supportive group counseling; sharing a context of common experience seems to aid in their healing process. The proposed program recognizes the need to provide women who were abused with a trusting, social environment that helps to remove the secrecy and isolation, decrease the feelings of shame and self-blame, and increase self-esteem and self-worth. The integration of a nondirective approach with grief counseling creates a more comprehensive approach in which to support the development of social skills and healthy and trusting relationships. The group is structured for survivors to share their experiences, heal from their traumas, and find the tools to move forward into happier, healthier, and better functioning lives.

Keywords: Adult Survivors Childhood Sexual Abuse Person-Centered Group Counseling

Accuracy Verified: Yes

438. Gilligan, S. (1996, June). Love in the face of violence: Self relations psychotherapy, Ericksonian, hypnosis, and EMDR. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Love in the face of violence - Definitions and premises. Webster's dictionary definition of violence: " 1) exertion of physical force so as to injure or abuse; 2) intense, turbulent, or furious and often destructive action or force. Webster's definition of trauma: "from Greek: to wound. to pierce; 1) an injury to living tissue caused by an extrinsic agent; surgeons traumatize a person when they put a scalpel to skin a:nd wound them in surgery, 2) a disordered psychic or behavioral state resulting from mental or emotional stress or physical injury"

Keywords: Violence Eriksonian Hypnosis

Accuracy Verified: Yes

439. Puliatti, M. (2006, Gennaio). L’abuso sessuale nelle donne con vulvodinia: trattamento con l’EMDR [Sexual abuse in women with vulvodynia: Treatment with EMDR] . EMDR Italia newsletter italiana, 7(11) .

Language: Italian

Format: Journal

Keywords: Sexual Abuse Vulvodynia

Accuracy Verified: Yes

440. Puliatti, M. (2009). L’EMDR nel trattamento delle sindromi uro-ginecologiche [EMDR in the treatment of uro-gynecological syndromes] . Medicina Psicosomatica, 54(4), 131-142 .

Language: Italian

Format: Journal

Abstract:
La rilevazione di disturbi uro-ginecologici è in costante crescita, è ciò probabilmente a causa della maggiore attenzione che i clinici dimostrano nei confronti di disturbi variegatati, a volte quasi impalpabili, ma che possono anche dimostrarsi invalidanti. Oltre al vaginismo e alla dispareunia, ben noti nella letteratura scientifi ca da decenni, crescente interesse stanno dimostrando disturbi come la cistite interstiziale, il dolore pelvico e la vulvodinia. Complessivamente considerati, la componente psicosomatica di tali disturbi viene abbondantemente confermata dalla letteratura. A prescindere dagli approcci più chiaramente monolaterali e riduttivi, si nota nella letteratura un interesse consolidato per una terapia che sia per definizione integrata: ginecologica/riabilitativa, psicoeducazionale, sessuologica e psicoterapeutica. L’EMDR si propone in questo ambito clinico come uno strumento di straordinaria versatilità, potendo infatti intervenire sia a livello delle cause remote (eventi stressanti/traumatici, educazione sessuale distorta, etc.), che delle contingenze attuali che mantengono o peggiorano la sintomatologia, offrendo inoltre la possibilità di intervenire direttamente sia sul dolore inteso come sintomo, che sugli scenari futuri connotati negativamente dalla paziente, che frequentemente sono connessi alla percezione del dolore stesso. Infine, si rivela di particolare utilità nel caso in cui il dolore sia correlato a difficoltà relazionali caratterizzate da scarsa assertività. In questo lavoro verranno approfondite le seguenti tematiche: • diagnosi differenziale tra i differenti tipi di dolore uro-ginecologico. • Valutazione dell’eziologia multifattoriale: cause biologiche, psicosessuali, relazionali e presenza di eventi traumatici. • Ruolo dell’abuso sessuale. • Meccanismi psicofi siologici nell’insorgenza dei disturbi: il ruolo della tensione muscolare. • Caratteristiche psicologiche della donna che presenta dolore uro-ginecologico. • Strumenti di screening psicodiagnostico. • Cenni sulle principali strategie di valutazione e di intervento uro-ginecologiche e farmacologiche • Pianifi cazione e fasi del trattamento con l’EMDR, e loro integrazione con differenti approcci psicoterapeutici: aree di indagine, aspetti psicoeducazionali, tecniche sessuologiche specifi che, target caratteristici, l’utilizzo dell’EMDR nelle differenti fasi del trattamento.

The detection of uro-gynecological disorders is growing, this is probably due to the increased attention that clinicians demonstrate against variegatati disorders, sometimes almost impalpable, but may also prove to be disabling. In addition to vaginismus and dyspareunia, well known in the scientific literature about for decades, are showing increasing interest in disorders such as interstitial cystitis, pelvic pain and vulvodynia. Overall, the psychosomatic component of these disorders is abundantly confirmed by the literature. Apart from the unilateral and reductionist approaches more clearly, there is a vested interest in the literature for a treatment that is by definition integrated: gynecological / rehabilitation, psycho-educational, sexology and psychotherapy. EMDR is proposed in this clinical setting as an instrument of extraordinary versatility, allowing it to intervene at the level of remote causes (stressful events / trauma, distorted sex education, etc..) That the current quotas that maintain or worsen the symptoms, while also offering the opportunity to speak directly about pain is understood as a symptom, which negatively on future scenarios of patient characteristics, which are frequently related to the perception of pain itself. Finally, it proves particularly useful in cases where the pain is related to relationship difficulties with low assertiveness. In this paper we will examine the following issues: • differential diagnosis between different types of pain, uro-gynecology. • Evaluation multifactorial etiology: biological, psychosexual, relationship and presence of traumatic events. • Role of sexual abuse. • psychophysical mechanisms in the onset of physiological disorders: the role of muscle tension. • Psychological characteristics of women with uro-gynecological pain. • Tools psychodiagnostic screening. • Work on the main strategies of assessment and intervention and uro-gynecological drug • Plans and application phases of treatment with EMDR, and their integration with different psychotherapeutic approaches: survey areas, psychoeducational aspects, specific sexological techniques that target characteristic the use of EMDR in various stages of treatment.

Keywords: Uro-Gynecological Syndromes

Accuracy Verified: Yes

441. Giannantonio, M. (2001, Ottobre). L’eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (E.M.D.R.) negli adulti e adolescenti abusati sessualmente in età infantile [The eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in adults and adolescents sexually abused in childhood]. Congresso AIAMC, Palermo, Italia.

Language: Italian

Format: Conference

Abstract:
L’Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) nasce come interevento elettivo nella terapia del Disturbo Post-traumatico da Stress (PTSD) e, in particolar modo nelle fasi iniziali del suo consolidamento clinico e teoretico, ha calibrato il proprio protocollo di intervento standard sul PTSD generato da combattimenti bellici, catastrofi naturali e provocate dall’uomo. L’abuso sessuale, soprattutto se avvenuto nell’infanzia, in modo prolungato ed all’interno di un contesto familiare (ovvero il tipo di abuso sessuale sul quale concentrerò ora la mia attenzione), è un tipo di evento traumatico che può presentare caratteristiche peculiari: elementi dissociativi da marcati ad assenti, alterazioni mnestiche e codifiche mnestiche statodipendenti, massicci meccanismi di repressione operanti anche per decenni, condizionamento negativo dell’evoluzione del sistema comportamentale dell’attaccamento, presenza di memorie somatiche di difficile gestione da parte del paziente, disturbi sessuali, difficoltà nell’instaurazione e nel mantenimento della relazione terapeutica. L’abuso sessuale intrafamiliare si accompagna abitualmente alla trascuratezza emotiva ed alla violenza psicologica, in alcuni casi anche a quella fisica. Di fronte ad un quadro 2 clinico così complesso (laddove la presenza di PTSD è semplicemente uno dei possibili esiti psicopatologici, e con ogni probabilità non il più frequente), l’intervento con l’EMDR richiede modificazioni rispetto al protocollo standard di intervento per il PTSD ma, soprattutto, l'inserimento all'interno di un intervento clinico di respiro decisamente più ampio rispetto all’impiego di algoritmi terapeutici ridotti all’essenziale. Il sottoscritto ritiene che, al momento attuale, lo studio più approfondito sull’argomento sia una pubblicazione di Laurel Parnell del 1999. Personalmente, ed in modo concorde con quest’ultimo autore, ho verificato la notevole efficacia nell’operare con l'EMDR - anche molto direttivamente - sulla storia di attaccamento del paziente al fine di colmarne le falle evolutive o eliminare gli ostacoli per il conseguimento di questo fondamentale obiettivo terapeutico.

The eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is born as interevento elective in the treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and, especially in the early stages of its consolidation clinical and theoretical, has calibrated their intervention protocols for the standard PTSD generated by fighting wars, natural disasters and caused man. Sexual abuse, especially if done in childhood, so Prolonged and within a family context (ie the type of abuse which focus on sex now my attention) is a type of event trauma that may have special characteristics: elements dissociative to be marked absent, changes in mnemonic and mnemonic encodings statodipendenti, massive repression mechanisms operating for decades negative evolution of behavioral conditioning system attachment, presence of somatic memories of unmanageable the patient's sexual problems, difficulty in establishing and maintaining the therapeutic relationship. Sexual abuse is intrafamilial usually accompanies the emotional neglect and violence psychological, in some cases to physical. Faced with a framework 2 clinical as complex (where the presence of PTSD is simply a possible outcomes of psychopathology, and probably not the most frequent), intervention with EMDR requires changes compared to standard protocol of intervention for PTSD but, more importantly, the inclusion within a clinical intervention to breath much larger than use of therapeutic algorithms reduced to essentials. My opinion that, at present, more thorough study on the subject is a Published by Laurel Parnell in 1999. Personally, and so agreed with this page, I checked the remarkable effectiveness in working with EMDR - very directly - on the history of attachment of the patient in order to bridge the evolutionary gaps or eliminate obstacles to achieving this important therapeutic target.

Keywords: Adolescents Adults Postttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Sexual Abuse

Accuracy Verified: Yes

442. Arnstein, M. (1996, December). Marital therapy, EMDR, Herman's model of recovery from trauma: The journey of one woman and her family. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy, 17(4), 212-224.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Judith Herman delineates a 3-stage model of recovery from trauma: (1) Safety; (2) Remembrance and Mourning; (3) Reconnection. She criticises current treatment methods for their failure to make a difference in the "constrictive symptoms of numbing and social withdrawal...and marital, social and work problems do not necessarily improve." Family therapy has been criticised often for insufficient focus on emotion and general sensations. This case analysis will illustrate how these shortcomings can be successfully addressed with the use of marital counseling and EMDR. The use of multiple treatment approaches contributed to one client's resolution of recent trauma due to a car accident, of past crises due to marital infidelity and early childhood abuse, with significant changes for her in her current family as well as in her family of origin. Theoretical implications for "family therapy" are raised. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Adults Australians Case Report Child Abuse Family Therapy Females Marital Problems Motor Traffic Accidents Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Survivors Treatment Effectiveness

Accuracy Verified: Yes

443. Greenwald, R., Lebeau, T. M., & Lemay, J. (2008, Mai). MASTR (Greenwald, 2005), un modèle de traitement pour jeunes avec des problèmes de conduite qui tient compte du trauma [The MASTR Protocol (Greenwald, 2005) is a treatment model for youths experiencing conduct problems with a trauma focused framework]. Présentation à la Conférence EMDR Canada, Montréal, Québec, Canada.

Language: French

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Le modèle «conte de fées» et la thérapie MASTR pour traiter les traumatismes chez les jeunes ont été développés par Dr. Ricky Greenwald. Il s’agit d’un protocole thérapeutique préparatoire pour faciliter l’EMDR avec les préadolescents et adolescents. Ce modèle a permis d’obtenir des résultats intéressants pour ce qui est de l’intervention face à divers comportements problématiques, notamment les troubles de la conduite, l’agression, la violence familiale, la maltraitance et l’abus de substances. Cette présentation propose un survol des éléments du cadre théorique, un résumé des résultats de recherche en appui au modèle et l’enseignement d’habiletés cliniques qui tiennent compte du trauma pour effectuer l’évaluation et la planification du traitement. À l’aide d’exercices pratiques, d’une démonstration et d’un extrait vidéo, les quatre premières séances seront abordées : la prise de contact, l’histoire des traumas ou des pertes, le rêve d’avenir et le contrat.

The Fairy Tale Model and MASTR Protocol in the treatment of traumas in youths were both developed by Dr. Ricky Greenwald. It’s a protocol designed to prepare for and to facilitate EMDR processing with pre-teens and teens. This approach provides interesting results with a wide array of problem behaviour: aggression, family violence, substance abuse, etc. This workshop’s goal is to present the theoretical framework for this model, the results of studies supporting its use, as well as teaching clinical skills that take into account the trauma history when evaluating and planning for treatment. This workshop will focus on the first 4 sessions: contact – history taking (trauma & losses) – dreams for the future – and the therapeutic contract. Practices, demonstrations and video excerpts will be provided.

Keywords: Adolescents Fairy Tale Model, MASTR Protocol

Accuracy Verified: Yes

444. Egli-Bernd, H. (2009, October). MDR bei dissoziativen prozessen im rahmen von persönlichkeitsstörungen ; Zur Bedeutung der kognitionen im EMDR-prozess, Das „Dialog-Protokoll“ [EMDR in dissociative processes within the framework of Personality Disorders; On the importance of cognitions in EMDR process, The "dialogue protocol"] . EMDR Deutschland e.V. Rundbrief, 19, 20-34.

Language: German

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
Spezifische Schwierigkeiten bei einer Gruppe von KlientInnen mit Persönlichkeitsstörungen bei der Wahl adäquater Kognitionen erfordern eine theoretische Auseinandersetzung mit der psychodynamischen Bedeutung der Kognitionen im EMDR-Protokoll. Die biographische Gemeinsamkeit dieser Patientengruppe ist der emotional-narzisstische Missbrauch in der Kindheit sowie Vernachlässigung durch primäre Bindungs- und Beziehungspersonen. Diese Lebenserfahrungen haben zur Folge, dass durch eine subtile Dissoziation (kindliche) Selbstteile entstehen, die emotional und kognitiv auf dasjenige Selbstbild fixiert sind, welches von den Bindungs- und Beziehungspartnern definiert und vom Kind verinnerlicht wurde. Das Ziel der Bearbeitung mit der EMDR-Methode ist in diesen Fällen nicht primär das anvisierte Ereignis, sondern dessen komplexe emotionale und kognitive Bedeutung für die Selbstwahrnehmung und -bewertung. Im vorliegenden Artikel wird vorgeschlagen, bei der EMDR-Bearbeitung dieser spezifischen Foki während der Bewertungsphase 3 sich der subtilen dissoziativen Struktur bewusst zu sein und sich ihrer, falls nötig, explizit zu bedienen. Dies geschieht durch die Fokussierung auf die gleichzeitige „Aktivierung“ zweier neuronaler Netzwerke (Selbstteile,) nämlich des „betroffenen (kindlichen) Selbst“ (Traumanetzwerk) und des erwachsenen „Gegenwarts-Selbst“ (Alltagsnetzwerk). Die Formulierung des schlimmsten Momentes (Bild), der Negativen Kognition sowie Affekt und Körperlokalisierung obliegen dem „betroffenen Selbst“, welches das zu bearbeitende verzerrte Selbstbild verinnerlicht hat. Die Positive Kognition hingegen soll vom „Gegenwarts-Selbst“ als eine dialogische, alternative Sichtweise aus der Gegenwartsperspektive formuliert und in den EMDR Prozess als direkte Anrede in der 2.Person Einzahl eingebracht werde n („du bist…“ etc.)

Specific difficulties in a group of clients with personality disorders in the choice of adequate cognition require a theoretical discussion of the psychodynamic significance of cognitions in EMDR protocol. The biography of this common group of patients is the emotional and narcissistic childhood abuse and neglect through primary attachment and relationship people. These life experiences have the effect that, due to a subtle dissociation (childish) Auto Parts, which are fixed to that of emotional and cognitive self-image, which was defined by the attachment and relationship partners and internalized by the child. The goal of treatment with the EMDR method in these cases is not primarily the targeted event, but the complex emotional and cognitive meaning for the self-perception and assessment. In this article it is proposed to be in the EMDR treatment of these specific foci during the evaluation phase 3 is aware of the subtle dissociative structure of her, if necessary, to use explicitly. This is done by focusing on the simultaneous "activation" of two neural networks (auto parts,) namely, the "concerned (children's) self" (Trauma Network) and the adult "present-self '(everyday network). The wording of the worst moment (picture), the negative cognition and affect and body localization is responsible for the "self-interested", which has internalized the distorted self-image to be processed. The positive cognition on the other hand will be the "present-self," formulated as a dialogical, alternative view from the present perspective, and placed in the EMDR process as a direct address to the 2nd person singular ("you are ..." etc.).

Keywords: Cognitions Dialogue Protcol Dissociation Personality Disorders

Accuracy Verified: Yes

445. Schmidt, S. J. (2001, December). Meeting needs with a resource sandwich. EMDRIA Newsletter, 6(Special Edition), 28-31.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
This article proposes an intervention for helping address and meet clients’ unmet childhood needs for any and all developmental stages. It starts with helping the client assimilate two resources, a pre-traumatized self (PTS) and a competent adult self (CAS).

Keywords: Resource-Focused EMDR

Accuracy Verified: Yes

446. Hagen, H. A. (2012, May). Mental health professionals’ perspectives of best practices with children who have experienced complex trauma. University of St. Thomas.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
Complex trauma in early childhood has the ability to impact a child’s development in multiple domains, thus influencing development throughout the rest of their life. The purpose of this study was to explore best practices with children who have experienced complex trauma from the perspective of mental health professionals, with a focus on children between the ages of three and five. Qualitative interviews were conducted with six mental health professionals who were asked to discuss the presentation, interventions, and outcomes of a case where the child experienced complex trauma. Consistent with previous literature, all participants in this study reported self-regulation deficits and relational impairments for the case they discussed. Additionally, all six participants utilized play therapy and expressed the importance of collaboration with other adults and systems in the child’s life in order for treatment to be successful, exemplifying the need to utilize an ecological approach. Other practices used by professionals included Cognitive Behavioral Therapies, feelings/emotion interventions, EMDR, and relational interventions such as including the parents/caregivers in treatment, addressing the attachment needs, and coaching parents. Overall, participants utilize a combination of approaches and interventions in order to provide best practices, always emphasizing safety, attachment, and development.

Keywords: Best Practice Children Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

447. Noorthoorn, E. O., Havenaar, J. M., de Haan, H. A., van Rood, Y. R., & van Stiphout, W. A. (2010). Mental health service use and outcomes after the Enschede fireworks disaster: A naturalistic follow-up study. Psychiatric Services, 61(11), 1138-1143. doi:10.1176/appi.ps.61.11.1138 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
Objective: This study documented the number of people seeking help for mental health problems after a fireworks disaster in Enschede, the Netherlands. It describes their diagnostic characteristics, interventions provided, and their results. Methods: Researchers coded data from intakes and medical charts of all patients who sought help (N=1,659) and entered treatment (N=663) at a disaster relief service between May 13, 2000 (day of the disaster), and June 1, 2004. Patients who received more than eight treatment sessions (N=394) and were in treatment one year after the disaster were interviewed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) (N=228, response rate, 58%) and other questionnaires (N=271, response rate, 69%). Results: In the population probably exposed, the cumulative referral-incidence for disaster-related mental health problems over four years was approximately 10%; in terms of referrals to the mental health facility over five years, the proportion of disaster-related referrals was 5.7%. Among adults, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was the most common clinical diagnosis (53%, chart sample). However, depression was the most common CIDI diagnosis (58%, CIDI interview sample). The recovery rate was about 50% on the basis of clinical judgment (chart sample), between 69% and 76% on the basis of "healthy" scores on symptoms, and between 39% and 60% in social and physical functioning (interview sample). Conclusions: Apart from persons seeking support during the first weeks postdisaster, the largest influx occurred after about one year and was limited in size. Clinicians in specialized services should be aware that conditions other than PTSD, such as depression, anxiety, substance abuse, and somatoform disorders, are also quite common after disasters. (Psychiatric Services 61:1138—1143, 2010) On the afternoon of May 13, 2000, a fireworks deposit situated in a residential area exploded, killing 22 people and injuring about 1,000 in the center of Enschede, a town in the east of the Netherlands. As a result approximately 1,500 houses were damaged, of which 498 had to be demolished, leading to displacement of 4,163 inhabitants (1). An estimated 17,000 individuals were probably exposed in one way or another to this disaster (1). The event was immediately declared a national disaster. In response, a nationwide support effort was launched and funds were allocated for research to document health consequences of this disaster. As a result, data about health, well-being, and medical service use have been systematically collected since the early days after this event (2,3,4,5). In contrast to the wealth of publications about the epidemiology of mental health problems after a disaster (6,7), there are only few studies that describe help-seeking behavior for these problems in a population stricken by disaster, or the outcomes of interventions. In this article we present the results of a chart study and interviews in early and later phases of treatment of adults who sought help from mental health services for disaster-related problems. The aim of the study was to evaluate mental health service delivery to persons affected by the fireworks disaster in Enschede during the period from May 2000 to May 2005. This study documented the number of people seeking help for disaster-related psychological problems, their sociodemographic and diagnostic characteristics, the interventions that they received, and some results of these interventions. To our knowledge this is the first systematic investigation of all adults seeking specialized mental health care in a disaster-stricken area.

Keywords: Enschede Fireworks Disaster

Accuracy Verified: Yes

448. Binder, J. L. (2007, June). Mind or brain? Where does therapeutic change originate? A reaction to 'The reunion process: A new focus in short-term dynamic psychotherapy. Psychotherapy, 44(2), 137-141. doi:10.1037/0033-3204.44.2.137.

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
In "The Reunion Process: A New Focus in Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy," by Dr. Sandler (see record 2007-09422-001), addresses posttreatment relapse by a new therapeutic strategy based on attachment theory and recent research findings concerning the neurobiology of memory. This strategy involves the discovery or creation of positive childhood maternal attachment memories as a method of overcoming the dominance of negative memories. Dr. Sandler makes assumptions about what can be achieved in short-term therapies, the pace of therapeutic change, as well as the role in treatment outcome of techniques versus therapist skill and relationship factors. These assumptions are not supported by psychotherapy research. While the attempt to use new discoveries from neurobiology to guide the development of therapeutic techniques is admirable, the author appears to engage in a fair amount of speculative theoretical reductionism in attempting to explain the eventually positive outcome of the case he presents. I offer a more parsimonious psychological explanation, which is consistent with the short-term dynamic psychotherapy theory of change. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved)

Keywords: Attachment Attachment Behavior Brief Psychotherapy Early Memories Memory Theory Panic Disorder Psychodynamic Psychotherapy Psychotherapeutic Processes Relapse Short-term Dynamic Psychotherapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

449. Darker-Smith, S. (2007, June). Mindfulness meditation to enable attenuation on imagined exposure in PTSD - A single case study. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Mindfulness mediation (based on Buddhist meditative techniques) has previously been advocated for depression relapse prevention and chronic pain reduction in former research trials (Teasdale; Kabat-zinn, etc.). Because the practice of mindfulness relates to body scans and focusing attention upon the body, it has been advised that it may cause problems in using such a method for sexual abuse and rape survivors, although no research appears to have been carried out in this area. In a single case study of child-sexual-abuse adult survivor who frequently dissociated and experienced “flashbacks” during clinical sessions, the methods of Mindfulness Mediation were introduced to her, in an attempt to keep an awareness of her surroundings whilst doing imagined exposure in for PDSD (post duress stress disorder). From dissociative phases, flashbacks and cognitive avoidance of stimuli, the client became able to focus on the traumatic information being presented and to emotionally relate and process trauma memories, which previously she had been unable to do. Her ability to attenuate upon traumatic information was increased, habituation was easier from a clinical perspective, her anxiety levels decreased (BAI) and her depression levels eased (BDI). (N.B. The client’s improved anxiety and depression scores may have been due to Mindfulness Mediation practices or to the processing of highly emotive information).
Conclusion: Mindfulness Meditation can be a useful adjunct to trauma processing when imagined exposure is being implemented for PTSD/PDSD for processing of un-integrated traumatic information, where dissociation, cognitive avoidance or flashbacks occur within the context of treatment, creating a barrier to habituation from traumatic information. [Two statistical charts which accompanied this abstract in the Conference Program entry have not been included here.]

Keywords: Attenuation Case Study Imagined Exposure Mindfulness Poster Posttraumatic Stress Disorder PTSD

Accuracy Verified: Yes

450. Zangwill, W. (1994). Mistakes to avoid in using EMDR: Or “Do what I say, not what I’ve done”. EMDR Network Newsletter, 4(1), 13-14.

Language: English

Format: Newsletter

Abstract:
There are a number of people involved with EMDR who have specialties in various areas including children, veterans, sexual abuse, peak performance, smoking cessation, etc. Though I have my own areas of clinical specialization, when it comes to EMDR, my particular area of expertise seems to be in the area of What NOT To Do. In this first of a two-part article, I want to review many of the mistakes that I and others have made using EMDR. While this list is probably most helpful for those beginning to use EMDR, I have found it useful for experienced clinicians as well.

Keywords: Mistakes

Accuracy Verified: Yes

451. Andonucci, H. (2004). The modifications of the EMDR protocol for sexually abused children. Alliant International University, San Francisco Bay. AAT 3133439.

Language: English

Format: Dissertation/Thesis

Abstract:
There is an increasing interest in using the procedures of EMDR with sexually abused children because of its effectiveness in treating PTSD and trauma in adults and children. Within the literature clinicians have reported modifications of the standard adult protocol originally developed by Shapiro in order to facilitate the therapy with children. To date, no study has investigated the actual modifications clinicians use when treating sexually abused children. A study was designed to elicit information about the actual use of such modifications from appropriately trained clinicians who work with sexually abused children 12 years and younger. A questionnaire was developed to obtain demographic information from therapists about their background and experience with abused children. An EMDR protocol modification survey was also created to elicit information about whether and how clinicians alter the standard EMDR protocol for use with abused children. Eight completed surveys were returned and the results of data analysis showed that clinicians do indeed modify the protocol as described and discussed. In particular, the results indicated the importance of modifications in the EMDR procedure for children and suggested important changes in the questionnaire that could be used for future data collection. [Author Abstract] Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 65(5-B), 2004, pp. 2611.

Keywords: Child Abuse Empirical Study Psychotherapeutic Processes Qualitative Study Rape School Age Children Survivors

Accuracy Verified: Yes

452. Carlson, B. E. (2005, January). The most important things learned about violence and trauma in the past 20 years. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 20(1), 119-126. doi:10.1177/0886260504268603 .

Language: English

Format: Journal

Abstract:
In the past 2 decades, important insights have been gained regarding violence and trauma. Complications occur in how violence and trauma, their causes, and their effects on victims should be defined. Violence and abuse to women -- physical, sexual, and emotional -- are not rare events and are most often perpetrated by partners or acquaintances rather than strangers and occur in nonmarital as well as marital relationships, including same-sex relationships. A promising methodological innovation in the study of violence and trauma is the use of longitudinal designs. Innovations in treatments for victims such as evidence-based interventions have been slow to emerge; they include eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) and the Seeking Safety group intervention for drug-abusing women with trauma histories. Future research should address increased understanding of variation in individual responses to violence and trauma, matching of treatment to different types of male offenders, better understanding of how culture affects violence perpetration and victimization, and evaluation of domestic violence interventions. [Author Abstract]

Keywords: Commentary Empirical Study Longitudinal Study Review Scientific Research Spouse Abuse Survivors Treatment

Accuracy Verified: Yes

453. Forgash, C. (2008, June). The negative impact of complex PTSD on health: An EMDR/ego state treatment plan. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, London, England.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In this workshop, EMDR and Ego state integrated treatment will be presented as a clinical model for dealing with current life and health problems which the presence of dissociation and PTSD exacerbates for complex trauma survivors (CTS). There are intertwined problems that are made more complex by the presence of dissociative disorders in adult CTS. First: there are negative sequelae of childhood abuse on the physical and mental health of adult CTS. Second, there are specific health problems predominant in this population which often are untreated, misdiagnosed and ignored by physicians and EMDR therapists. Third: CTS have difficulties addressing their health needs, accessing health care, and functioning effectively as health care consumers. Preventative care and good health care may be minimal for this population. This presentation will focus on the development of an EMDR treatment plan to successfully work with dissociative and PTSD disorders prevalent in these patients. Specialized Ego State techniques will be introduced in each phase of EMDR treatment to help the patient stabilize: manage triggers and avoid re-traumatization in the health care setting; effectively deal with avoidance, freeze, hyperarousal and numbing; desensitize and reprocess earlier traumatic events which are at the root of these problems, (these may include iatrogenic events and specific physical problems seemingly related to current health problems, which actually result from early trauma); and become assertive health consumers. Skills development needed by the CTS to become empowered and competent health consumers, such as rehearsal, identifying problems, planning visits etc will also be included in the plan. [This slide presentation has a two page "References" bibliograhy issued separately.(PDF 6065)]

Keywords: Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Complex PTSD C-PTSD Ego State Therapy

Accuracy Verified: Yes

454. Herbert, C. (2005, June). Neither good nor bad, just perfect as you are! Facilitating emergence of the self. Presentation at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Brussels, Belgium.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
Clients with traumatic childhood experiences and subsequent diagnoses of Personality Disorder, hold self-identities that may have had adaptive, survival enhancing functions during their upbringing, but may now be hindering and even damaging. As babies their needs for secure attachment and nurturing may have been compromised and as children they may not have experienced unconditional love and acceptance of themselves. As adults, they may carry internalized self-images about either being intrinsically 'bad' or having to be especially 'good' in order to be accepted, valued and loved by others. Subsequently, their Behaviour and their relationships with others are determined by a distorted view of themselves, often causing them to lead lives that involve great compromise and further suffering. They may struggle with their capacity to regulate affect (Siegel, 1999: Shore, 1994, 1996). experiencing little self-control over their various fluctuating mood states. The aim of this workshop is to introduce clinical techniques, involving the interweave between EMDR and Schema-focused, cognitive approaches, which help clients build a more secure and 6nctionally positive sense of Self with healthy mechanisms of affect regulation. Based on current research, clinical practice and Herbert's (2002, 2003) therapeutic framework for working with complex trauma, this workshop will focus especially on two therapeutic ingredients for this work. One is the quality of the therapeutic relationship as a necessary transitory phase for healthy dependency in the client and the second is 'inner child' work as a method to help clients modify and re-script their distorted images of self and repair ruptures in their attachment relationships.

Keywords: Emergence of Self

Accuracy Verified: Yes

455. van Dijke, A. (2011, April). The Netherlands centre for chronic early childhood traumatisation: Adults. Presentatie op het 39ste Voorjaarscongres Nederlandse Vereniging voor Psychiatrie, Amsterdam.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
In the mental health care system adequate treatment for a large group of children and adults suffering under the consequences of chronic early childhood traumatisation is not available. The Netherlands centre for chronic early childhood traumatisation (lcvt) is aiming to enhance the treatment services available with a nationwide offering of tertiary referral psychotherapy, innovation, research and education. The LCVT was formed in 2008 with eleven tertiary referral trauma centres (TRTC), which are affiliated with mental health care institutions. LCVT affiliated services use a unique client-monitoring system as ‘sampling frame’ in order to monitor the progress and results of all TRTC treatments. At the TRLCS information is gathered systematically at regular intervals from all patients on clinical symptoms, personality, day-to-day functioning, quality of life, use of health care system and social functioning. Evaluation diagnostics give answers to what degree treatment goals are realized. format Workshop. aim To provide the participants with information on: —— Management and implementation of TRTC and monitoring system; —— Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (emdr) and dissociative identity disorder (DID): innovative psychotherapy possibilities; —— Therapy effects of imaginaire exposure versus imaginaire rescripting versus dramarescripting; —— Trauma-related inhibitory and excitatory regulation styles.

Keywords: Childhood Traumatization

Accuracy Verified: Yes

456. van Dijke, A., & Crijnen, A. A. M. (2011, April). The Netherlands centre for chronic early childhood traumatisation: Children and adolescents. Presentatie op het 39ste Voorjaarscongres Nederlandse Vereniging voor Psychiatrie, Amsterdam.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract: Contents of the workshop: Adequate treatment in the mental health care system is not available for a large group of children and adults suffering from the consequences of chronic early childhood traumatisation. The Netherlands centre for chronic early childhood traumatisation (LCVT) aims to enhance treatment services by offering a nationwide network of tertiary referral trauma centres (TRTC) providing psychotherapy, innovation and research, as well as education. In 2008 LCVT was formed with eleven trtc affiliated with Mental Health Services. lcvt affiliated services use a unique client-monitoring system as ‘sampling frame’ in order to monitor the progress and results of all trtc treatments. Information is gathered systematically and at regular intervals on all patients of the trtc on clinical symptoms, personality, day-to-day functioning, quality of life, use of health care services and social functioning. Evaluation diagnostics provide answers to which degree treatment goals are realised. Format: Workshop Aim: To provide the participants with information on: ——Management and implementation of TRTC in mental health services for children; —— Efficacy of eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) in children; —— The development of a consensus-based treatment monitoring system.

Keywords: Adolescents Childhood Traumatization Children

Accuracy Verified: Yes

457. Bradshaw, J. (2008, June). Neurobiological factors when working with children who have been victims of domestic violence and other traumatic events using EMDR. Poster session presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This presentation will highlight the effects of domestic violence and other traumatic experiences on children from pre birth to 12 years of age and how EMDR can reduce the symptoms and give the subject a more appropriate perception of their experiences. The neurobiological aspects will be discussed at pre and post treatment of EMDR. EMDR therapy has proven to be a highly successful technique in the relief of psychological distress after trauma. It will be shown that babies traumatised before birth can be treated as effectively as children traumatised after birth. The impact on the developing baby will be discussed in relation to the stage of gestation that the mother experienced trauma. Knowledge of sensory development in pregnancy can inform the treatment plan for mother and baby subsequently. The impact of domestic violence and traumatic birth will be explored. If untreated in the mother there can be long lasting effects in the mother, child and the parent child relationship. Clinical examples will explain how EMDR can be modified to treat unresolved traumatic events. In infancy and early childhood memories are stored in sensory form often with little language. We will illustrate on video a narrative approach combined with parent facilitated EMDR in a traumatised 30 month old infant whose parents have a history of drug use. The impact of traumatic stress on the developing brain will be discussed and illustrated by video of two EMDR sessions with 10 and 12 year old children. This will show how the normal EMDR protocol must be modified to take childhood factors into account.

Keywords: Children Domestic Violence

Accuracy Verified: Yes

458. Uram, S. (2008, June). The neurobiology of adult and childhod trauma made simple: What every EMDR clinician should know. Presentation at the annual mmeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop presents three related and integrated themes: I. - The neurobiology of trauma made simple, yet highly “usable” for clinical formulation. A. How trauma is defined by our culture and DSM-IV, versus the reality of how each human brain individually “defines” trauma. Organized and logical presentation of clinically relevant brain parts/circuits and how they process, or don’t adequately process traumatic experiences; the differing length of time the effects of trauma may manifest from these parts; the masking and masquerading of earlier traumas by the prefrontal cortex, etc. Which brain parts/circuits “trump” one another, and how this shows up in symptoms, in our personalities or in our relationships. II. - Child/Adolescent/Adult stages of human brain development made simple, but geared for clinical understanding and EMDR treatment planning. Childhood through young adulthood brain development generally mature along a sequence; Bottom to Top, and Inner to Outer .The brain areas that become more active as 31 children mature “show up” as increasing or decreasing behaviours, levels of thinking abilities, levels of emotional and mood development/stability, relational abilities, decreased dominance of certain other brain parts, etc.. Symptoms frequently reflect how each person’s level of brain maturation “filters” life experience at a given time. III. - Trauma neurobiology + different stages of brain development = potentially very different EMDR formulations, negative cognitions, etc. How the child and adult brain can identify “danger”, and therefore, “trauma” similarly, or very differently. How trauma is “understood” in the adult brain and the child brain. How and why “danger” or “traumas” are perceived, processed and present differently in children and adults

Keywords: Neurobiology

Accuracy Verified: Yes

459. Uram, S. (2008, September). The neurobiology of adult and childhood trauma made simple. Presentation at the annual mmeting of the EMDR International Association, Phoenix, AZ.

Language: English

Format: Conference

Abstract:
This workshop presents three interconnecting and integrated themes: The neurobiology of trauma made simple, yet highly “usable” for clinical formulation and treatment planning; The stages of human brain development made simple, but geared for clinical understanding and practice and; Trauma neurobiology + different stages of brain development = potentially very different clinical presentations. How trauma “looks” different in children and adults, and why. The fact that children’s brains interpret “danger” very differently than the adult brain. Trauma is far more commonplace than most clinicians would imagine.

Keywords: Neurobiology Trauma

Accuracy Verified: Yes

460. Uram, S. (2012, October).